Wikipedia tumwiki https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jani_likulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 1 5606 120971 20934 2026-09-04T14:05:40Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 120971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} This article need more information in ChiTumbuka language. It describes important concept and too short now. ataucn5v7mlqavzbof8e7w87stodfkg 3 6887 121664 120845 2026-09-05T07:11:51Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* Donald Trump as a featured article */ new section 121664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{User:MiszaBot/config |maxarchivesize = 10 |counter = 1 |algo = old(48h) |archive = User talk:Tumbuka Arch/Archive %(counter)d |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 4 }} {{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=LightCyan|start1=0%|color2=Aqua|start2=20%|color3=DodgerBlue|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=DodgerBlue|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Dofyani pano kuti munitumile uthenga uliwose!}}{{User new message large|textcolor=White|color1=#008000|start1=0%|color2=#007500|start2=50%|color3=#007000|start3=75%|bordersize=1px|bordercolor=#007000|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Just click here to add a new message!|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Tumbuka_Arch?action=edit&section=new}} <!-- Do not use another URL in this documentation, especially not Special:MyTalk! Someone might copy it from here and think that it works on their talk page... while it only works for THEMSELVES. -->{{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=Wheat|start1=0%|color2=Wheat|start2=20%|color3=Wheat|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=Wheat|radius=10px|textsize=150%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=|text={{big|♕}}{{spaces|2}}<u>PLEASE CLICK HERE TO ADD A NEW MESSAGE</u>{{spaces|2}}{{big|♕}}}} {{Tumbuka Arch Talk 2}} {{Archives}} <!--- New sections go at the BOTTOM of the page ---> '''ALL TUMBUKA HISTORY BOOKS''' [https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1XgLgzF3vyXF9NMdLiymx5weR5twXJ4pB?usp=sharing Here] == Resources and questions == Hi. I hope you are doing well. I have two things: 1. Do you have any resources for learning Tumbuka and Chewa? I'm getting more used to Tumbuka (not perfect still), but not great with Chewa. 2. Lots of things in one. *Is the word for ''is ''in Chewa ''ndi'', like ''ni ''in Tumbuka, or is ''ndi ''meaning ''and''? *Is ''mzinda ''meaning ''city ''in Tumbuka? I've been treating it this way until your move summary for [[Darwin (mzinda)]] saying it is Chewa. *Is ''village ''in Tumbuka ''muzi ''or ''chikaya''? And what is ''village ''in Chewa? *What is ''nyengo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''weather''. *What is ''malo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''geography'' and multiple other things. *What is ''boma'' in Tumbuka? Can it mean both ''government ''and ''county''/''LGA''? *Is ''island '' in Tumbuka ''chilumba ''or ''nkhoska''? Yewo chomene. I know thats a lot. Come back to me when you can. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 13:30, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) :Great questions and thanks. :* "Ni" is Tumbuka, and in Chewa, it is "ndi" which means "is". :* "Mzinda"''' is not Tumbuka''' (but '''Chewa'''), in Tumbuka it is called "msumba" which means "city", "town" or "urban area". :* "Island" is called "chirwa" (default normal Tumbuka), or "nkhoska" (old (or deep) Tumbuka), ''Chilumba'' is Chewa language :* "Boma" is both Chewa and Tumbuka, in both languages, it means "the district seat", "a district", "government of"= boma la, "government" :* Village is "'''Chikaya'''" in '''Tumbuka''', and ''mu'''d'''zi'' in Chewa. "Muzi" is a Tumbuka pidgin, meaning a neutral one, or a hybrid :* "malo" is both Tumbuka and Chewa to mean "place", piece of land", "a plot/plot", "location" :* "Nyengo" (time) is Tumbuka, in Chewa (if you mean time), it called "nthawi" :* "Nyengo" in Chewa, it may mean "season of", but does NOT mean "season" :* For "season(s)", in Tumbuka is "'''nyengo ya''' (vula) to mean "rainy season" :* For "season(s)", in Chewa is "'''nyengo ya''' (mvula) to mean "rainy season" :Resources, you mean online? :Thanks. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 18:24, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] Yes, online. ::Thanks for the information. I'll remember these. ::Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 23:03, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) == [[Donald Trump]] as a featured article == Hi. I am letting you know I marked [[Donald Trump]], a page you created, as a Featured Article for the Tumbuka Wikipedia. Please let me know if you object. Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 07:11, 5 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) tb0n1k4nvtt79trd9gc0qhw0v0wtaw7 121666 121664 2026-09-05T07:16:09Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{User:MiszaBot/config |maxarchivesize = 10 |counter = 1 |algo = old(48h) |archive = User talk:Tumbuka Arch/Archive %(counter)d |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 4 }} {{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=LightCyan|start1=0%|color2=Aqua|start2=20%|color3=DodgerBlue|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=DodgerBlue|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Dofyani pano kuti munitumile uthenga uliwose!}}{{User new message large|textcolor=White|color1=#008000|start1=0%|color2=#007500|start2=50%|color3=#007000|start3=75%|bordersize=1px|bordercolor=#007000|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Just click here to add a new message!|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Tumbuka_Arch?action=edit&section=new}} <!-- Do not use another URL in this documentation, especially not Special:MyTalk! Someone might copy it from here and think that it works on their talk page... while it only works for THEMSELVES. -->{{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=Wheat|start1=0%|color2=Wheat|start2=20%|color3=Wheat|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=Wheat|radius=10px|textsize=150%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=|text={{big|♕}}{{spaces|2}}<u>PLEASE CLICK HERE TO ADD A NEW MESSAGE</u>{{spaces|2}}{{big|♕}}}} {{Tumbuka Arch Talk 2}} {{Archives}} <!--- New sections go at the BOTTOM of the page ---> '''ALL TUMBUKA HISTORY BOOKS''' [https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1XgLgzF3vyXF9NMdLiymx5weR5twXJ4pB?usp=sharing Here] == Resources and questions == Hi. I hope you are doing well. I have two things: 1. Do you have any resources for learning Tumbuka and Chewa? I'm getting more used to Tumbuka (not perfect still), but not great with Chewa. 2. Lots of things in one. *Is the word for ''is ''in Chewa ''ndi'', like ''ni ''in Tumbuka, or is ''ndi ''meaning ''and''? *Is ''mzinda ''meaning ''city ''in Tumbuka? I've been treating it this way until your move summary for [[Darwin (mzinda)]] saying it is Chewa. *Is ''village ''in Tumbuka ''muzi ''or ''chikaya''? And what is ''village ''in Chewa? *What is ''nyengo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''weather''. *What is ''malo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''geography'' and multiple other things. *What is ''boma'' in Tumbuka? Can it mean both ''government ''and ''county''/''LGA''? *Is ''island '' in Tumbuka ''chilumba ''or ''nkhoska''? Yewo chomene. I know thats a lot. Come back to me when you can. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 13:30, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) :Great questions and thanks. :* "Ni" is Tumbuka, and in Chewa, it is "ndi" which means "is". :* "Mzinda"''' is not Tumbuka''' (but '''Chewa'''), in Tumbuka it is called "msumba" which means "city", "town" or "urban area". :* "Island" is called "chirwa" (default normal Tumbuka), or "nkhoska" (old (or deep) Tumbuka), ''Chilumba'' is Chewa language :* "Boma" is both Chewa and Tumbuka, in both languages, it means "the district seat", "a district", "government of"= boma la, "government" :* Village is "'''Chikaya'''" in '''Tumbuka''', and ''mu'''d'''zi'' in Chewa. "Muzi" is a Tumbuka pidgin, meaning a neutral one, or a hybrid :* "malo" is both Tumbuka and Chewa to mean "place", piece of land", "a plot/plot", "location" :* "Nyengo" (time) is Tumbuka, in Chewa (if you mean time), it called "nthawi" :* "Nyengo" in Chewa, it may mean "season of", but does NOT mean "season" :* For "season(s)", in Tumbuka is "'''nyengo ya''' (vula) to mean "rainy season" :* For "season(s)", in Chewa is "'''nyengo ya''' (mvula) to mean "rainy season" :Resources, you mean online? :Thanks. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 18:24, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] Yes, online. ::Thanks for the information. I'll remember these. ::Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 23:03, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) == [[Donald Trump]] as a featured article == Hi. I am letting you know I marked [[Donald Trump]], a page you created, as a Featured Article for the Tumbuka Wikipedia. The performer left the following message: "''I think the article has Featured Article potential, and I have already added the badge. This article is amazing! Please let me know if you object.''" Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 07:11, 5 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) mx6b4bq3gqo4v4znhyoti4rgxdaoyko 121667 121666 2026-09-05T07:16:27Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* Donald Trump as a featured article */ 121667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{User:MiszaBot/config |maxarchivesize = 10 |counter = 1 |algo = old(48h) |archive = User talk:Tumbuka Arch/Archive %(counter)d |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 4 }} {{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=LightCyan|start1=0%|color2=Aqua|start2=20%|color3=DodgerBlue|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=DodgerBlue|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Dofyani pano kuti munitumile uthenga uliwose!}}{{User new message large|textcolor=White|color1=#008000|start1=0%|color2=#007500|start2=50%|color3=#007000|start3=75%|bordersize=1px|bordercolor=#007000|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Just click here to add a new message!|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Tumbuka_Arch?action=edit&section=new}} <!-- Do not use another URL in this documentation, especially not Special:MyTalk! Someone might copy it from here and think that it works on their talk page... while it only works for THEMSELVES. -->{{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=Wheat|start1=0%|color2=Wheat|start2=20%|color3=Wheat|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=Wheat|radius=10px|textsize=150%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=|text={{big|♕}}{{spaces|2}}<u>PLEASE CLICK HERE TO ADD A NEW MESSAGE</u>{{spaces|2}}{{big|♕}}}} {{Tumbuka Arch Talk 2}} {{Archives}} <!--- New sections go at the BOTTOM of the page ---> '''ALL TUMBUKA HISTORY BOOKS''' [https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1XgLgzF3vyXF9NMdLiymx5weR5twXJ4pB?usp=sharing Here] == Resources and questions == Hi. I hope you are doing well. I have two things: 1. Do you have any resources for learning Tumbuka and Chewa? I'm getting more used to Tumbuka (not perfect still), but not great with Chewa. 2. Lots of things in one. *Is the word for ''is ''in Chewa ''ndi'', like ''ni ''in Tumbuka, or is ''ndi ''meaning ''and''? *Is ''mzinda ''meaning ''city ''in Tumbuka? I've been treating it this way until your move summary for [[Darwin (mzinda)]] saying it is Chewa. *Is ''village ''in Tumbuka ''muzi ''or ''chikaya''? And what is ''village ''in Chewa? *What is ''nyengo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''weather''. *What is ''malo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''geography'' and multiple other things. *What is ''boma'' in Tumbuka? Can it mean both ''government ''and ''county''/''LGA''? *Is ''island '' in Tumbuka ''chilumba ''or ''nkhoska''? Yewo chomene. I know thats a lot. Come back to me when you can. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 13:30, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) :Great questions and thanks. :* "Ni" is Tumbuka, and in Chewa, it is "ndi" which means "is". :* "Mzinda"''' is not Tumbuka''' (but '''Chewa'''), in Tumbuka it is called "msumba" which means "city", "town" or "urban area". :* "Island" is called "chirwa" (default normal Tumbuka), or "nkhoska" (old (or deep) Tumbuka), ''Chilumba'' is Chewa language :* "Boma" is both Chewa and Tumbuka, in both languages, it means "the district seat", "a district", "government of"= boma la, "government" :* Village is "'''Chikaya'''" in '''Tumbuka''', and ''mu'''d'''zi'' in Chewa. "Muzi" is a Tumbuka pidgin, meaning a neutral one, or a hybrid :* "malo" is both Tumbuka and Chewa to mean "place", piece of land", "a plot/plot", "location" :* "Nyengo" (time) is Tumbuka, in Chewa (if you mean time), it called "nthawi" :* "Nyengo" in Chewa, it may mean "season of", but does NOT mean "season" :* For "season(s)", in Tumbuka is "'''nyengo ya''' (vula) to mean "rainy season" :* For "season(s)", in Chewa is "'''nyengo ya''' (mvula) to mean "rainy season" :Resources, you mean online? :Thanks. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 18:24, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] Yes, online. ::Thanks for the information. I'll remember these. ::Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 23:03, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) == [[Donald Trump]] as a featured article == Hi. I am letting you know I marked [[Donald Trump]], a page you created, as a Featured Article for the Tumbuka Wikipedia. The performer left the following message: ''I think the article has Featured Article potential, and I have already added the badge. This article is amazing! Please let me know if you object.'' Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 07:11, 5 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) r30465txf3ozalfsldzf3809b3ugb16 121668 121667 2026-09-05T07:20:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* Donald Trump as a featured article */ 121668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{User:MiszaBot/config |maxarchivesize = 10 |counter = 1 |algo = old(48h) |archive = User talk:Tumbuka Arch/Archive %(counter)d |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 4 }} {{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=LightCyan|start1=0%|color2=Aqua|start2=20%|color3=DodgerBlue|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=DodgerBlue|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Dofyani pano kuti munitumile uthenga uliwose!}}{{User new message large|textcolor=White|color1=#008000|start1=0%|color2=#007500|start2=50%|color3=#007000|start3=75%|bordersize=1px|bordercolor=#007000|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Just click here to add a new message!|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Tumbuka_Arch?action=edit&section=new}} <!-- Do not use another URL in this documentation, especially not Special:MyTalk! Someone might copy it from here and think that it works on their talk page... while it only works for THEMSELVES. -->{{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=Wheat|start1=0%|color2=Wheat|start2=20%|color3=Wheat|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=Wheat|radius=10px|textsize=150%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=|text={{big|♕}}{{spaces|2}}<u>PLEASE CLICK HERE TO ADD A NEW MESSAGE</u>{{spaces|2}}{{big|♕}}}} {{Tumbuka Arch Talk 2}} {{Archives}} <!--- New sections go at the BOTTOM of the page ---> '''ALL TUMBUKA HISTORY BOOKS''' [https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1XgLgzF3vyXF9NMdLiymx5weR5twXJ4pB?usp=sharing Here] == Resources and questions == Hi. I hope you are doing well. I have two things: 1. Do you have any resources for learning Tumbuka and Chewa? I'm getting more used to Tumbuka (not perfect still), but not great with Chewa. 2. Lots of things in one. *Is the word for ''is ''in Chewa ''ndi'', like ''ni ''in Tumbuka, or is ''ndi ''meaning ''and''? *Is ''mzinda ''meaning ''city ''in Tumbuka? I've been treating it this way until your move summary for [[Darwin (mzinda)]] saying it is Chewa. *Is ''village ''in Tumbuka ''muzi ''or ''chikaya''? And what is ''village ''in Chewa? *What is ''nyengo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''weather''. *What is ''malo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''geography'' and multiple other things. *What is ''boma'' in Tumbuka? Can it mean both ''government ''and ''county''/''LGA''? *Is ''island '' in Tumbuka ''chilumba ''or ''nkhoska''? Yewo chomene. I know thats a lot. Come back to me when you can. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 13:30, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) :Great questions and thanks. :* "Ni" is Tumbuka, and in Chewa, it is "ndi" which means "is". :* "Mzinda"''' is not Tumbuka''' (but '''Chewa'''), in Tumbuka it is called "msumba" which means "city", "town" or "urban area". :* "Island" is called "chirwa" (default normal Tumbuka), or "nkhoska" (old (or deep) Tumbuka), ''Chilumba'' is Chewa language :* "Boma" is both Chewa and Tumbuka, in both languages, it means "the district seat", "a district", "government of"= boma la, "government" :* Village is "'''Chikaya'''" in '''Tumbuka''', and ''mu'''d'''zi'' in Chewa. "Muzi" is a Tumbuka pidgin, meaning a neutral one, or a hybrid :* "malo" is both Tumbuka and Chewa to mean "place", piece of land", "a plot/plot", "location" :* "Nyengo" (time) is Tumbuka, in Chewa (if you mean time), it called "nthawi" :* "Nyengo" in Chewa, it may mean "season of", but does NOT mean "season" :* For "season(s)", in Tumbuka is "'''nyengo ya''' (vula) to mean "rainy season" :* For "season(s)", in Chewa is "'''nyengo ya''' (mvula) to mean "rainy season" :Resources, you mean online? :Thanks. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 18:24, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] Yes, online. ::Thanks for the information. I'll remember these. ::Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 23:03, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) == [[Donald Trump]] as a featured article == Hi. I am letting you know the article [[Donald Trump]], a page you created or significantly contributed to, has been marked as a Featured Article for the Tumbuka Wikipedia. The performer, [[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]], left the following message: ''I think the article has Featured Article potential, and I have already added the badge. This article is amazing! Please let me know if you object.'' Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 07:11, 5 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) 12yy5qowe49c5pc570vfztukqmutgna 0 6893 121654 120279 2026-09-05T06:27:33Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121654 wikitext text/x-wiki '''COVID-19''' or [[Nthenda ya Corona]] ([[Corona Virus]]) ni mtundu wa nthenda iyo ikukola munthu kwizila mu mvuche, mata panji  kukolana chasa na munthu uyo wana nthenda iyi. Kachibungu ako kakwambiska nthenda iyi kakuchemeka "Kachibungu kakali kachiwili ako kakutimbanizga nthowa ya mathutilo"(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ). Munthu wakwamba kusangika na kachibungu aka wakawa wa ku [[Wuhan]], chalo cha [[China]], mu chaka cha December, 2019.<ref name="Unnamed-20230318115223">https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-hunt-for-covid-19-origin-patient-zero-points-to-second-wuhan-market-11614335404</ref> Vimanyikwilo vakuti munthu wana nthena iyi vikupambana munthu pa munthu, kwene kene kanandi munthu ukupulikanga: * Kuwawa kwa mutu * Kukhosomola * Kusuzgika pa kuthuta * Kuphwanya kwa thupi * Chikhoso cha mamphina * Masuzgikilo gha pulika kunowa kwa chakulya na kununkhizga.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7753439</ref> Vimanyikwilo ivi vingaoneka pala pajumpha siku limoza panji madazi 14, pala watola waka nthenda iyi.Mzinda unandi wa wanthu awo wakukolekana na nthenda iyi wakuwevye vimanyikwilo nge ni vipachanya ivi.Wachekulu ndiwo wali pa chiophyezo chikulu chomene cha nthenda iyi. == VIMANYIKWILO VAKUTI UNA NTHENDA YA CORONA == * Vilonda va pasingo * Kujala kwa mphuno * Kufuma kwa mamphina * Kukhosomola * Kusuzgika pa kuthuta * Kuphwanya kwa thupi * Chikhoso cha mamphina * Masuzgikilo gha pulika kunowa kwa chakulya na kununkhizga fungo la vinthu. == CHAKWAMBISKA NTHENDA YA CORONA == Matenda gha Corona ghakwamba na kachibungu ako pa chingerezi kakuchemeka kuti 'severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2' (SARS-CoV-2). == UMO MUNTHU UKUTOLELA NTHENDA IYI == Kwizila mu kuthuta mphepo zakunangika na munthu uyo wana matenda agha pakukhosomola or pakuthunya. == References (uko kwafuma umboni wa ivi valembeka pachanya) == 1 <ref name="Unnamed-20230318115223"/>Wuhani Official news reports 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7753439 q68u4em9c14ri66pad1w0zjxkwjs4z4 0 6944 121652 118833 2026-09-05T06:10:08Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Southeastern Africa}} {{about|the modern country since 1990|the former country from 1975 to 1990|People's Republic of Mozambique}} {{about|the country in Africa|other uses}} {{EngvarB|date=April 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republic of Mozambique | common_name = Mozambique | native_name = {{resize|88%|{{native name|pt|República de Moçambique}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Mozambique.svg | image_coat = Emblem of Mozambique.svg | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = | national_anthem = {{native name|pt|[[Pátria Amada]]|nolink=yes}}<br />"Beloved Homeland"<br /><div style="padding-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:Mozambican national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.wav]]}}</div> | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Mozambique (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File: Location Mozambique AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | map_caption = | capital = [[Maputo]] | coordinates = {{Coord|25|57|S|32|35|E|type:city_region:MZ}} | largest_city = [[Maputo]] | official_languages = [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] | regional_languages = [[Makhuwa language|Makhuwa]], [[Sena language|Sena]], [[Tsonga language|Tsonga]], [[Lomwe language|Lomwe]], [[Changana language|Changana]] | languages_type = | languages = | languages2_type = indigenous | ethnic_groups = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |99% [[Black people|Black African]]{{efn|Includes [[Makua people|Makhuwa]], [[Tsonga people|Tsonga]], [[Lomwe people|Lomwe]], [[Sena people|Sena]], and other African ethnic groups.}} |0.8% [[Mestiço]] |0.2% Other}} | ethnic_groups_ref = <ref>{{Citation |title=Mozambique |date=2022-09-23 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique/ |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |access-date=2022-10-04}}</ref> | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 | demonym = Mozambican | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Dominant-party system|dominant-party]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[republic]]<ref name="SpL">{{cite ssrn |last1=Neto |first1=Octávio Amorim |last2=Lobo |first2=Marina Costa |year=2010 |ssrn=1644026 |title=Between Constitutional Diffusion and Local Politics: Semi-Presidentialism in Portuguese-Speaking Countries}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=September 2005 |title=Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns |url= http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |journal= Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies |location=United States |publisher= University of California San Diego |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080819200307/http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |archive-date= 19 August 2008 |access-date= 20 August 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=December 2005 |title= Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns |journal =French Politics|volume=3 |issue=3 |pages= 323–351 |doi= 10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087 |s2cid=73642272 |quote= Of the contemporary cases, only four provide the assembly majority an unrestricted right to vote no confidence, and of these, only two allow the president unrestricted authority to appoint the prime minister. These two, Mozambique and Namibia, as well as the Weimar Republic, thus resemble most closely the structure of authority depicted in the right panel of Figure 3, whereby the dual accountability of the cabinet to both the president and the assembly is maximized. |doi-access=free }}</ref> | leader_title1 = [[List of Presidents of Mozambique|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Filipe Nyusi]] | leader_title2 = [[List of Prime Ministers of Mozambique|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Adriano Maleiane]] | leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[Assembly of the Republic (Mozambique)|Assembly President]]}} | legislature = {{nowrap|[[Assembly of the Republic (Mozambique)|Assembly of the Republic]]}} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Mozambique|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[Mozambican War of Independence|Independence]] from [[National Salvation Junta|Portugal]] | established_date1 = 25 June 1975 | established_event2 = [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 374|Admitted to the]] United Nations | established_date2 = 16 September 1975 | established_event3 = [[Mozambican Civil War]] | established_date3 = 1977–1992 | established_event4 = [[Constitution of Mozambique|Current constitution]] | established_date4 = 21 December 2004 | area_km2 = 801,590 | area_rank = 35th | area_sq_mi = 309,496 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 2.2 | population_estimate = 31,693,239<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Mozambique|access-date=24 September 2022|year=2022}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_estimate_rank = 46th | population_density_km2 = 28.7 | population_density_sq_mi = 74.3 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP = {{increase}}$48.0 billion<ref name="imf.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022|date=October 2022|website=IMF.org|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|access-date= October 11, 2022}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 121st | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}}$1,457<ref name="imf.org"/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 187th | GDP_nominal = {{increase}}$17.8 billion<ref name="imf.org"/> | GDP_nominal_rank = 128th | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $542<ref name="imf.org"/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 185th | Gini = 54.0 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2014 | Gini_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208203439/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |archive-date=8 December 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.446 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2021<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 185th | currency = [[Mozambican metical|Metical]] | currency_code = MZN | time_zone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | drives_on = left | calling_code = [[+258]] | cctld = [[.mz]] | official_website = {{url|www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz}} | footnotes = {{notelist}} | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |55.8% [[Christianity in Mozambique|Christianity]] |26.1% [[Traditional African religion|Traditional faith]]s |17.5% [[Islam in Mozambique|Islam]] |0.5% [[Irreligion|No religion]] |0.3% Other{{efn|Includes [[Judaism]], [[Hinduism]], and [[Baháʼí Faith|Baha’i]].}} }} | religion_year = 2020 | religion_ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=156c#IRFDEMOG|title=National Profiles|website=www.thearda.com}}</ref> | today = }} '''Mozambique''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|oʊ|z|æ|m|ˈ|b|iː|k}}; {{lang-pt|Moçambique}}, {{IPA-pt|musɐ̃ˈbikɨ|pron}}; {{lang-ny|Mozambiki}}; {{lang-sw|Msumbiji}}; {{lang-ts|Muzambhiki}}), mwaboma '''Charu cha Mozambiki''' ({{lang|pt|República de Moçambique}}, {{IPA-pt|ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ ðɨ musɐ̃ˈbikɨ|pron}}), ni chalo icho chili kumwera kwa Africa icho chili na mphaka na [[Indian Ocean]] kumafumiro gha dazi, [[Tanzania]] kumpoto, [[Malaŵi|Malawi]] na [[Zambia]] kumpoto-kumanjiliro gha dazi, [[Zimbabwe]] kumanjiliro gha dazi, na [[Eswatini]] na [[South Africa]] kumwera-kumanjiliro gha dazi. Charu ichi chili kutali na [[Comoros]], [[Mayotte]], na [[Madagascar]]. Msumba ukuru wa charu ichi ni [[Maputo]]. Kumpoto kwa Mozambiki kuli mphepo za mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ndipo nyengo zinyake kukuchitika vinthu vyakofya. Pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 700 na 1100, mu chigaŵa ichi mukaŵa misumba ghanandi gha ku dowoko. Kuumaliro wa vyaka vyapakati pa 500 na 1500 C.E., ŵamalonda ŵakufuma ku [[Somalia]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Egypt]], [[Arabia]], [[Persia]], na India ŵakendanga mu misumba agha.<ref>Newitt, M.D.D. "A Short History of Mozambique." Oxford University Press, 2017</ref> Mu 1498 apo Vasco da Gama wakaluta ku [[Spain]], Ŵapwitikizi ŵakiza. Pakati pajumpha vyaka vyakujumpha 400 kufuma apo charu cha [[Portugal]] chikambira kulamulira, charu cha Mozambique chikajiyimira paŵekha mu 1975. Pakati pajumpha vyaka viŵiri pera kufuma apo charu ichi chikapokera wanangwa, pakaŵa nkhondo ya pawenenawene iyo yikamara mu 1977 m'paka 1992. Mu 1994, Mozambiki wakacita viwoneskero vyakwambilira vya vyaru vinandi ndipo kufuma nyengo yira, chalo ici nchakukhora comene, nangauli nchali na ŵanthu awo ŵakuwukira boma. Charu cha Mozambique chili na vinthu vinandi vyakuthupi, kweni chuma chake chikuthemba pa somba, chomenechomene viyuni vyakututuŵa, viyuni vya mu viŵaya, na viyuni vya mu viŵaya. Ntchito ya kwendakwenda yikukura. Charu cha South Africa chikulutilira kuŵa munyawo wa Mozambique pa malonda.<ref>[https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/press-releases/african-development-bank-and-portugal-sign-eur-400-million-guarantee-agreement-underpin-lusophone-compact-54541 African Development Bank and Portugal sign EUR 400 million guarantee agreement to underpin Lusophone Compact, © 2022 African Development Bank, Amba Mpoke-Bigg, Retrieved 06.09.2022]</ref> Kwambira mu 2001, GDP ya Mozambique yikukura chomene, kweni ni yimoza mwa vyaru vikavu comene na vyambura kukura comene pa caru cose, ndipo yili pasi pa GDP pa munthu yumoza, kukura kwa ŵanthu, upusikizgi, na unandi wa umoyo.<ref name="CIA">{{CIA World Factbook|article=Mozambique|year=2007|access-date=22 May 2007}}</ref> Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu charu ichi ŵakukwana 30 miliyoni, ndipo ŵanandi mwa ŵanthu aŵa mba Bantu. Kweni chiyowoyero cha ku Mozambique ntchiyowoyero cha Chiphwitikizi, icho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuyowoya mu misumba. Viyowoyero vyakuzirwa comene ni Chitsonga, Makhuwa, Sena, Chichewa, na Chiswahili. Pa mabuku agha, pali viyowoyero 46 ivyo vikuyowoyeka mu charu ichi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glottolog 4.7 - Languages of Mozambique |url=https://glottolog.org/glottolog/language.map.html?country=MZ#5/-18.895/35.230 |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=glottolog.org}}</ref> Chisopa chikuru chomene mu Mozambiki ni Chikhristu, ndipo ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ŵakulondezga chisopa cha Chisilamu na visopa vinyake vya ku Africa. Charu cha Mozambique chili mu wupu wa United Nations, African Union, Commonwealth of Nations, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, Movement of Non-Aligned, Southern African Development Community, ndipo chili na wupu wa La Francophonie. ==Kwiza kwa zina== Ŵapwitikizi ŵakathya charu ichi Moçambique, kufuma ku zina lakuti Mussa Bin Bique panji Musa Al Big panji Mossa Al Bique panji Mussa Ben Mbiki panji Mussa Ibn Malik, uyo wakaŵa wamalonda wa ku Arabia. Msumba uwu ukaŵa msumba ukuru wa charu cha Portugal m'paka mu 1898, apo ukasamukira kumwera ku Lourenço Marques (uno ni Maputo).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100630040028/http://www.ilhademo.net/history.html History]. ilhademo.net</ref> ==Mbili== {{Main|History of Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique (3912235854).jpg|thumb|Nyanja ya Mozambique]] === Kusama kwa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu === {{Further|Bantu expansion}} Kwambira m'ma 1000 C.E., ŵanthu ŵakendanga chomene mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean m'paka ku Mozambique. Kwambira mu ma 800 C.E., ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuchita malonda mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ndipo ŵakazenga misumba ghanandi mumphepete mwa nyanja ya East Africa. Ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba agha ŵakaŵa ŵakujiyimira ŵekha, ndipo ŵakasambizganga chiyowoyero cha Chiswahili. Kanandi ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba ndiwo ŵakasopanga chisopa cha Ciisilamu. Ku Mozambique, Sofala, Angoche, na Chirwa cha Mozambique vikaŵa vyaru ivyo vikaŵa na mazaza mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500. misumba agha ghakaguliskanga na ŵamalonda ŵa mu vyaru vya mukati mwa Africa na vigaŵa vinyake vya mu Nyanja ya Indian. Nthowa izo ŵanthu ŵakendangamo ŵakendanga na golide na zovu zikaŵa zakuzirwa comene. Vyaru vya mukati mwa caru nga ni Ufumu wa Zimbabwe na Ufumu wa Mutapa vikapelekanga golide na mino gha zovu ivyo ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga comene.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lyaya |first1=Edwinus Chrisantus |title=Metallurgy in Tanzania |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304036090 |website=ResearchGate |access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> === Mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Swahili === [[File:Slaves ruvuma.jpg|thumb|Ŵamalonda ŵa ŵazga Ŵachiarabu na Ŵaswahili pamoza na ŵakayidi ŵawo pa Mlonga wa Ruvuma]] Kwambira m'ma 1000 C.E., ŵanthu ŵakendanga chomene mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean m'paka ku Mozambique. Kwambira mu ma 800 C.E., ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuchita malonda mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ndipo ŵakazenga misumba ghanandi mumphepete mwa nyanja ya East Africa. Ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba agha ŵakaŵa ŵakujiyimira ŵekha, ndipo ŵakasambizganga chiyowoyero cha Chiswahili. Kanandi ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba ndiwo ŵakasopanga chisopa cha Ciisilamu. Ku Mozambique, Sofala, Angoche, na Chirwa cha Mozambique vikaŵa vyaru ivyo vikaŵa na mazaza mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500. misumba agha ghakaguliskanga na ŵamalonda ŵa mu vyaru vya mukati mwa Africa na vigaŵa vinyake vya mu Nyanja ya Indian. Nthowa izo ŵanthu ŵakendangamo ŵakendanga na golide na zovu zikaŵa zakuzirwa comene. Vyaru vya mukati mwa caru nga ni Ufumu wa Zimbabwe na Ufumu wa Mutapa vikapelekanga golide na mino gha zovu ivyo ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga comene.<ref>Newitt, Malyn. "Mozambique Island: The Rise and Decline of an East African Coastal City" 2004.</ref> === Mozambique wa ku Portugal (1498-1975) === {{Further|Portuguese Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique n2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|left|Umo Chirwa cha Mozambique chiliri, msumba ukuru wa kumpoto kwa Mozambique uwo ukuzunulika mu mbiri ya caru ici]] [[File:Chapel of Nossa Senhora de Baluarte.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|left|[[Chapel of Nossa Senhora de Baluarte]]]] [[File:Fortaleza de São Sebastião-01.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|left|[[Fort São Sebastião]]]] Chirwa cha Mozambiki, icho charu ichi chili na zina lake, ni chirwa chichoko cha korali icho chili pa mulomo wa Mossuril Bay pa nyanja ya Nacala kumpoto kwa Mozambiki. Apo ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakafikanga ku Mozambique mu 1498, kukaŵa kale ŵanthu ŵa ku Arabia awo ŵakaguliskanga vinthu mumphepete mwa nyanja na pa virwa vinyake. Kwambira cha m'ma 1500, ŵamalonda ŵa ku Portugal ŵakamba kwendera mu nyanja za ku Europe. Apo Vasco da Gama wakazingilizga Cape of Good Hope mu 1498, ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakamba kuchita malonda, ndyali, na vinthu vinyake. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1530 C.E., ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ŵa ku Portugal awo ŵakaguliskanga na kupenja golide ŵakaluta mu vyaru vya mukati, ndipo ŵakazenga misasa ya ŵasilikari ku Sena na Tete pa mlonga wa Zambezi. Ku chigaŵa chapakati cha Mozambiki, Ŵapwitikizi ŵakayezga kuzomerezga na kukhozga malonda ghawo na malo agho ŵakakhalanga. Ŵakapelekanga charu ku ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu malo agho ŵakakhalanga, ndipo mu charu cha Mozambiki mukaŵa ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakendeskekanga na ŵanthu ŵakuchemeka prazeiros. Muzga uyo wakaŵa ku Mozambique wakaŵako pambere ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵandafike. Ŵalongozgi ŵa ku Africa ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga, ndipo ŵakamba na ŵamalonda ŵa ku Arab, awo ŵakatumanga ŵazga aŵa ku misumba na minda ya ku Middle East. Pakulutilira na malonda agha, ŵazga ŵakapelekekanga na ŵalongozgi ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakathereskanga mafuko gha ŵalwani ŵawo na kuguliska ŵazga ŵawo ku ŵazga ŵa ku Africa. Ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakakhalanga na mazaza gha ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa ŵazga. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafumanga ku Portugal na kuluta ku vyaru vinyake m'paka kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800. Nangauli pakwamba ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ndiwo ŵakakhumbanga kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵekha ndiwo ŵakhalenge mu vigaŵa ivi, kweni chifukwa cha kutorana na ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal, ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakamba kutemwana chomene.<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last1=Isaacman |first1=Allen |title=Arming Slaves: From Classical Times to the Modern Age |url=https://archive.org/details/armingslavesfrom0000unse |last2=Peterson |first2=Derek |date=2006 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-13485-8 |editor1-last=Brown |editor1-first=Christopher Leslie |pages=[https://archive.org/details/armingslavesfrom0000unse/page/95 95]–119 |chapter=Making the Chikunda: Military Slavery and Ethnicity in Southern Africa, 1750–1900 |doi=10.12987/yale/9780300109009.003.0005 |editor2-last=Morgan |editor2-first=Philip D.}}</ref><ref name="EBmoz">{{cite book |last1=Sheldon |first1=Kathleen Eddy |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique |title=Encyclopedia Britannica |last2=Penvenne |first2=Jeanne Marie |language=en |chapter=Mozambique: Arrival of the Portuguese |access-date=7 June 2021}}</ref>[[File:Lourenco-Marques-pc-c1905.jpg|thumb|Chilumba cha Mozambique, msumba wakale wa kumpoto kwa Mozambique na Central Avenue ku Lourenço Marques, sono Maputo, ca. 1905]] Nangauli Ŵapwitikizi ŵakalutilira kuŵa na mazaza pa charu ichi, kweni ŵakaŵa na mazaza ghachoko waka. Ŵapwitikizi ŵakathereska malonda ghanandi gha mu nyanja kufuma ku Ŵasilamu Ŵaciarabu pakati pa 1500 na 1700, kweni apo Ŵasilamu Ŵaciarabu ŵakathereska msumba wakuzirwa wa Portugal wa Fort Jesus pa Cirwa ca Mombasa (uno mu Kenya) mu 1698, vinthu vikamba kusintha. Cifukwa ca ici, ndalama zikanjiramo yayi mu vyaru vinyake, ndipo Lisbon wakajipeleka comene pa malonda na India na vyaru vya ku Far East. Ŵaarabu ŵa ku Mazrui na Oman ŵakapoka malo ghanandi agho ŵakaguliskiranga vinthu mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kusuzgika chomene, kweni ŵanyake ŵakapona. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, maboma ghanyake gha ku Europe, chomenechomene gha Britain (British South Africa Company) na France (Madagascar), ghakamba kuchita malonda na ndyali za mu chigaŵa ichi. Kalasi la kusindikizga mabuku na kuŵika malemba mu Ciphwitikizi, 1930 Kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1900, Ŵapwitikizi ŵakamba kulamulira chigaŵa chikuru cha Mozambiki na kupeleka ku makampani ghakurughakuru nga ni Mozambique Company, Zambezia Company, na Niassa Company, agho ghakaŵa na ndalama za ku Britain nga ni Solomon Joel. Nangauli mu Mozambiki mukaŵa dango lakulekeska wuzga, kweni kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, makampani gha vyamalonda ghakamba kugwiliskira nchito ŵanthu awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mwakucicizgika. Kampani ya Zambezia, iyo yikaŵa yakovwira comene, yikatora malo ghacoko waka gha ŵanthu ŵa ku prazeiro na kuzenga malo gha ŵasilikari kuti ŵavikilire katundu wawo. Makampani agha ghakazenga misewu na madoko kuti ŵagulire katundu wawo, kusazgapo njanji iyo yikakolerananga na charu cha Zimbabwe na dowoko la Beira ku Mozambique. Cifukwa ca kuleka kucita makora vinthu na kusintha kwa boma la Oliveira Salazar, la Estado Novo, kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵalutilire kulamulira chuma cha Ufumu wa Portugal, makampani agha ghakaŵaso na wanangwa wakucita vinthu vinyake. Ivi ndivyo vikacitika mu 1942 na kampani ya Mozambique Company, iyo yikalutilira kugwira nchito mu vyalo vya ulimi na malonda nga ni wupu. Mu 1951, vyaru ivyo vikaŵa pasi pa Portugal ku Africa vikazgoka vigaŵa vya ku Portugal.<ref name="The Cambridge history of Africa">[https://books.google.com/books?id=zywkdNMeltkC&pg=PA495&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique#PPA496,M1 The Cambridge history of Africa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214003714/https://books.google.com/books?id=zywkdNMeltkC&pg=PA495&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique#PPA496,M1|date=14 December 2019}}, The Cambridge history of Africa, John Donnelly Fage, A. D. Roberts, Roland Anthony Oliver, Edition: Cambridge University Press, 1986, {{ISBN|0-521-22505-1}}, {{ISBN|978-0-521-22505-2}}</ref><ref name="The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825-1975">[https://books.google.com/books?id=LA28AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA100&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825–1975] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123044105/https://books.google.com/books?id=LA28AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA100&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique|date=23 November 2019}}, The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825–1975: A Study in Economic Imperialism, W. G. Clarence-Smith, Edition: Manchester University Press ND, 1985, {{ISBN|0-7190-1719-X}}, 9780719017193</ref><ref>[http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090928143505/http%3A//digitarq%2Edgarq%2Egov%2Ept/default%2Easpx?page%3DregShow%26ID%3D1117748%26searchMode%3Dlf Agência Geral do Ultramar]. dgarq.gov.pt</ref> Ku Mueda, pa June 16, 1960, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakomeka, ndipo ichi chikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Makonde ŵambe kulimbana kuti ŵajiyimire ŵekha. ===Mozambican War of Independence (1964–1975)=== {{Main|Mozambican War of Independence}} [[File:Sempreatentos...aoperigo!.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Portugal pa Nkhondo ya ku Portugal, ŵanyake ŵakanyamura katundu wa FN FAL na G3]] Apo visambizgo vya Chikomyunizimu na vyakwimikana na ufumu vikasazgikira mu Africa mose, magulu ghanandi gha ndyali ghakasangika kuti ghakhozge wanangwa wa Mozambique. Magulu agha ghakatenge chifukwa chakuti boma likakhumbanga kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique awo ŵakaŵa Ŵapwitikizi ndiwo ŵasange chandulo na ndondomeko iyi, ntheura ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga yayi kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵalutilire kukolerana na mafuko ghawo. Kuyana na ivyo ŵasilikari ŵakayowoya, ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakakhalanga mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakasuzgika chomene chifukwa cha kusankhana mitundu. Ŵanandi ŵakawonanga kuti ŵalije mwaŵi panji ndalama zinandi zakukwana kuti ŵasambizgike makora ntchito na kusintha umoyo wawo wa vyachuma na wa ŵanthu. Kuyana na maukaboni, Ŵapwitikizi ŵazungu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakaŵa ŵasambazi comene ndiposo ŵakumanya vinandi kuluska ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yinyake. Pakuzgora ku gulu la ŵasilikari, boma la Portugal likamba kusintha vinthu mu ma 1960 na kuuyambiro wa ma 1970. Gulu lakucemeka Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) likambiska nkhondo yakwimikana na boma la Portugal mu Seputembala 1964. Nkhondo iyi pamoza na zinyake ziŵiri izo zikacitika kale mu vyaru vinyake vya Portugal nga ni Angola na Guinea, yikaŵa cigaŵa ca nkhondo ya ku Portugal (1961-1974). Kuyana na umo ŵasilikari ŵakawoneranga vinthu, ŵasilikari ŵa ku Portugal ŵakalutilira kulamulira malo agho ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga, apo ŵasilikari ŵa ku Portugal ŵakayezga kuti ŵaleke kuŵa na mazaza pa ŵanthu ŵa ku mizi na mafuko agho ghakaŵa kumpoto na kumanjiliro gha dazi. Pakuzgora ku FRELIMO, boma la Portugal likamba kuŵika mtima comene pa kulenga vinthu vyakukondweska kuti vinthu vyendenge makora pa umoyo wa ŵanthu na kuti vinthu visinthe.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HegjL_5tD6o |title=CD do Diário de Notícias – Parte 08 |via=YouTube |access-date=2 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317125157/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HegjL_5tD6o |archive-date=17 March 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> === Kujiyimira (1975) === FRELIMO yikapoka mazaza pa cigaŵa ici pamanyuma pa vilimika 10 vya nkhondo, kweniso apo caru ca Portugal cikawelera ku demokilase pamanyuma pa kuwa kwa boma la Estado Novo mu April 1974 na kupoka boma pa Novembala 25, 1975. Mu caka cimoza, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal ŵakukwana 250,000 ŵakafumako ku Mozambique. Ŵanyake ŵakacimbizgika na boma la caru ici, ŵanyake ŵakafumamo mu caru ici kuti ŵaleke kukomeka na boma la ku Mozambique. Dango likapelekeka na Armando Guebuza wa chipani cha FRELIMO, uyo wakaŵa wambura kumanyikwa chomene. Ŵakati ŵatondeka kusanga ndalama, ŵanandi ŵakawelera ku Portugal kwambura ndalama.<ref>Couto, Mia (April 2004). [http://mondediplo.com/2004/04/15mozambique Carnation revolution] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502222825/https://mondediplo.com/2004/04/15mozambique |date=2 May 2019 }}. ''Le Monde diplomatique''</ref> === Nkhondo Yachikaya ku Mozambique (1977-1992) === {{Main|People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambican Civil War}} [[File:Land mine victim 2 (4364914733).jpg|thumb|left|Munthu uyo wakadumulika mabomba ku Mozambique]] Boma liphya la Pulezidenti Samora Machel likakhazikiska boma la chipani cimoza lakujintha pa fundo za Marx. Wakapokera wovwiri wa ŵasilikari na wa ŵasilikari kufuma ku Cuba na Soviet Union, ndipo wakamba kukanizga ŵanthu awo ŵakasuskanga boma ili. Pakati pa 1977 na 1992, caru ici cikakhwaskika na nkhondo ya cikaya iyo yikacitika pakati pa gulu lakulimbana na boma la Mozambique (RENAMO) na boma la Frelimo. Nkhondo iyi ndiyo yikaŵa yikuru comene mu vyaka vyakwambilira apo Mozambique yikaŵa na wanangwa wa kujilongozga, ndipo yikaŵa pamoza na vinthu vyakofya ivyo vikacitikanga mu vyaru vyapafupi nga ni Rhodesia na South Africa. Nyengo iyi yikaŵaso na ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal na ŵa ku Mozambique, vinthu vikaŵayendera makora yayi, boma likagwiliskiranga ntchito ndalama zinandi yayi pakupanga vinthu vinyake, ndipo likagwiliskiranga ntchito maboma gha ŵanthu ŵekha. Mu nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, boma la FRELIMO likatondeka kulamulira vinthu mu misumba agho ghakaŵa kutali na msumba. Vigaŵa ivyo vikulongozgeka na RENAMO vikaŵa na vigaŵa vyakujumpha 50 pa vigaŵa vyose vya ku mizi mu vigaŵa vinandi. Suzgo likakura comene apo boma likadumulizga ndalama izo likagwiliskiranga ntchito pa vya cipatala. Nkhondo iyi yikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakuswa wanangwa wa ŵanthu ku vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Boma likakoma ŵanthu masauzandi ghanandi apo likakhumbanga kuti liwusenge caru cose, ndipo likatuma ŵanthu ŵanandi ku "misasa yakusambizgirako ŵanthu" uko ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwira.<ref name="autogenerated1">[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB14.1C.GIF Table 14.1C Centi-Kilo Murdering States: Estimates, Sources and Calculations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011172148/http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB14.1C.GIF|date=11 October 2017}}. hawaii.edu</ref>[[File:RhodesiaAllies1975.png|thumb|Umo vinthu vikaŵira mu caru mu 1975; vyaru ivyo vikukolerana na FRELIMO vili pa lalanje.]] Mu nyengo ya nkhondo, RENAMO yikapeleka fundo yakuti vyaru vya kumpoto na vya kumanjiliro gha dazi vipatuke na kuzgoka Rombesia, kweni FRELIMO yikakana. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 1 miliyoni ku Mozambique ŵakafwa pa nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, ŵanthu 1.7 miliyoni ŵakachimbilira ku vyaru vyapafupi. Boma la FRELIMO likapelekaso malo ghakubisamamo na wovwiri ku ŵanthu ŵakugaluka ŵa ku South Africa (African National Congress) na Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe African National Union), apo maboma gha Rhodesia na South Africa ghakawovwira RENAMO mu nkhondo ya pawenenawene. Ŵanthu pakati pa 300,000 na 600,000 ŵakafwa na njara. Pa 19 Okutobala 1986, Machel wakaweranga ku Zambia kufuma ku ungano wa vyaru vyakupambanapambana mu ndege ya Pulezidenti ya Tupolev Tu-134 apo ndege iyi yikawa mu mapiri gha Lebombo kufupi na Mbuzini mu chigaŵa cha Mpumalanga ku South Africa. Pakaŵa ŵanthu 10 awo ŵakapona, kweni Pulezidenti Machel na ŵanyake 33 ŵakafwa, kusazgapo ŵantchito ŵa boma la Mozambique. Wupu wa United Nations uwo ukafumanga ku Soviet, ukalemba lipoti ilo likati ŵanthu ŵa ku South Africa ndiwo ŵakananga ivyo iwo ŵakamanyanga. Ŵalara ŵa boma la Soviet Union ŵakayowoya kuti ndege iyi ŵakayisintha mwadala na mboniwoni yautesi iyo yikapelekeka na boma la South Africa.<ref name="TRC">{{cite web |title=Special Investigation into the death of President Samora Machel |work=[[Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)|Truth and Reconciliation Commission]] Report, vol.2, chapter 6a |url=http://www.news24.com/Content_Display/TRC_Report/2chap6a.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060413084020/http://www.news24.com/Content_Display/TRC_Report/2chap6a.htm |archive-date=13 April 2006 |access-date=18 June 2006}}</ref> Joaquim Chissano uyo wakanjira m'malo mwa Machel, wakasintha vinthu vinandi mu charu ichi, ndipo wakamba kusintha vinthu nga nkhufumako ku visambizgo vya Marxist kuya ku vya capitalism. Ndondomeko yiphya ya boma iyo yikaŵako mu 1990 yikati pali maboma ghanandi, chuma cha msika, kweniso mavoti gha wanangwa. Nkhondo iyi yikamara mu Okutobala 1992 apo ŵakacita phangano la mtende la Rome General Peace Accords. Mu Mozambique mukaŵaso mtende, ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa United Nations ndiwo ŵakalongozganga.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110516080313/http://popp.gmu.edu/resource-bk/mission/onumoz.html UNITED NATIONS OPERATION IN MOZAMBIQUE]. popp.gmu.edu</ref><ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet">{{citation-attribution|{{Cite web |title=Mozambique (07/02) |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/mozambique/26477.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011103/https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/mozambique/26477.htm |archive-date=2 July 2018 |access-date=1 July 2018 |work=U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets/Background Notes |publisher=U.S. Department of State}}}}</ref> === Nyengo ya demokilase (1993~pano) === [[File:Helicopter over flooded Central Mozambique.jpg|thumb|Helikopita ya ku America yikuwuluka pa mlonga wa Limpopo uwo ukazura na maji mu chaka cha 2000 ku Mozambique]] Mu 1994, ku Mozambique kukaŵa maungano gha vyaru ivyo vikazomerezga kuti maungano agha ngawanangwa kweniso ngaurunji. FRELIMO wakatonda, mwakulongozgeka na Joaquim Chissano, apo RENAMO, mwakulongozgeka na Afonso Dhlakama, wakathereska ŵalwani ŵake. Mu 1995, Mozambiki wakanjira mu wupu wa Commonwealth of Nations, ndipo pa nyengo iyo ukaŵa yekha mu wupu uwu uwo ukaŵa kuti undaŵepo mu ufumu wa Britain. Kuzakafika pakati pa 1995, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1.7 miliyoni awo ŵakapenja ciphokwero mu vyaru vyapafupi ŵakawelera ku Mozambique. Ŵanthu ŵanyake 4 miliyoni awo ŵakacimbira kwawo ŵakawelera ku vikaya vyawo. Mu Disembala 1999, ku Mozambique kukaŵa mavoti ghaciŵiri kufuma apo nkhondo ya mukati mu caru yikambira. Wupu wa RENAMO ukadandawura kuti FRELIMO ngwakupusika ndipo ukati uzamuweleraso ku nkhondo, kweni ukagongowa pamanyuma pakuti wakaluta ku Khoti Likuru Chomene. Kukwambilira kwa chaka cha 2000, chimphepo chikuru chikachitiska kuti maji ghatutuke, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwa. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakagomezganga kuti ŵalongozgi ŵa FRELIMO ndiwo ŵakakhumbanga kupeleka wovwiri ku vyaru vinyake. Mulembi wa nyuzipepara Carlos Cardoso, uyo wakacitanga kafukufuku pa nkhani iyi, wakakomeka, ndipo palije uyo wakalongosora cifukwa ico wakafwira.<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 March 2002|title=Attacks on the Press 2001: Mozambique|url=https://cpj.org/2002/03/attacks-on-the-press-2001-mozambique/|access-date=12 November 2020|website=Committee to Protect Journalists|language=en-US|archive-date=1 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301040145/https://cpj.org/2002/03/attacks-on-the-press-2001-mozambique/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mu 2001, Chissano wakadandawura chomene na ŵalongozgi awo ŵakakhalapo nyengo yitali kuluska iyo, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakaghanaghananga kuti wakuyowoya vya Frederick Chiluba, uyo pa nyengo iyo wakaghanaghananga vya nyengo yachitatu, kweniso Robert Mugabe, uyo pa nyengo iyi wakaŵa na nyengo yachinayi. Chisankho cha purezidenti na cha National Assembly chikachitika pa 1 na 2 Disembala 2004. Wapampando wa FRELIMO Armando Guebuza wakathereska na mavoti 64% ndipo Dhlakama wakapokera 32% ya mavoti. FRELIMO yikasanga vithuzithuzi 160 mu Nyumba ya Malamulo, ndipo mabungwe ghanyake gha RENAMO na ghanyake ghacoko ghakasanga vithuzithuzi 90 ivyo vikakhalapo. Guebuza wakimikika kuŵa purezidenti wa Mozambique pa 2 February 2005 ndipo wakagwira ma mandamu ghaŵiri gha vyaka vinkhondi. Uyo wakamulondezga, Filipe Nyusi, wakaŵa purezidenti wachinayi wa Mozambique pa 15 January 2015. Kufuma mu 2013 m'paka mu 2019, gulu la RENAMO likawukira chomene mu chigaŵa chapakati na kumpoto kwa charu ichi. Pa Seputembala 5, 2014, Guebuza na Dhlakama ŵakasayina phangano lakukanizga nkhondo, ilo likamazga nkhondo na kuzomerezga magulu ghose ghaŵiri kuti ghaŵike mtima pa maungano gha boma agho ghachitikenge mu Okutobala 2014. Ndipouli, pamanyuma pa maungano ghakuru, pakawuka suzgo linyake la ndyali. RENAMO wakakana kuzomerezga kuti mavoti gha mavoti ngaunenesko ndipo wakapempha kuti waŵe na mazaza pa vigaŵa vinkhondi na cimoza, Nampula, Niassa, Tete, Zambezia, Sofala, na Manica, uko ŵakayowoya kuti ŵali na mazaza ghanandi. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 12,000 ŵakachimbilira ku Malawi. Wupu wa UNHCR, wa Doctors Without Borders, na wa Human Rights Watch, ukati ŵasilikari ŵa boma ŵakawotcha mizi na kukoma ŵanthu na kuŵachitira nkhaza. Mu Okutobala 2019, purezidenti Filipe Nyusi wakasankhikaso pamanyuma pakutonda pa chisankho. FRELIMO yikasanga vithuzithuzi 184, RENAMO vithuzithuzi 60 ndipo chipani cha MDM chikapokera vithuzithuzi 6 ivyo vikakhalako mu Nyumba ya Malango. Ŵakususka ŵakazomerezga yayi maucimi agha cifukwa cakuti ŵakayowoya kuti pakaŵa upusikizgi. FRELIMO yikasanga wanandi wa vigaŵa viŵiri mwa vigaŵa vitatu mu nyumba ya malango ico cikamovwira kuti wasinthe dango la boma kwambura kuzomerezgeka na ŵakususka. Kuyambira 2017, dzikoli lakumana ndi kuwukira kwa magulu achisilamu.<ref>{{cite web | title='Jihadists behead' Mozambique villagers | website=BBC News | date=29 May 2018 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44289512 | access-date=11 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613065006/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44289512 | archive-date=13 June 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Religious unrest in Mozambique – in pictures | website=the Guardian | date=30 August 2019 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2019/aug/30/religious-unrest-in-mozambique-in-pictures | access-date=11 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111170314/https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2019/aug/30/religious-unrest-in-mozambique-in-pictures | archive-date=11 November 2019 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Mozambique country profile | website=BBC News | date=19 March 2019 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13890416 | access-date=11 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110063053/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13890416 | archive-date=10 November 2019 | url-status=live }}</ref> Mu Seputembala 2020, ŵakugaluka ŵa ISIL ŵakakora na kutora kanyengo kachoko waka Chirwa cha Vamizi mu Nyanja ya Indian. Mu Malichi 2021, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakomeka ndipo ŵanyakeso 35,000 ŵakachimbizgika mu nyumba zawo apo ŵakugaluka ŵa Chisilamu ŵakatora msumba wa Palma. Mu Disembala 2021, ŵanthu pafupifupi 4,000 ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakachimbira mu vikaya vyawo pamanyuma pa kutikitira kwa nkhondo ya jihadist mu Niassa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Thousands flee Niassa as jihadist attacks spread to other parts of Mozambique|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/Africa/News/thousands-flee-niassa-as-jihadist-attacks-spread-to-other-parts-of-mozambique-20211231|access-date=2021-12-31|website=News24|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Makhalilo== {{Main|Geography of Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique sat.png|thumb|upright|Satellite image]] Mu charu ichi muli vyaru vinandi chomene. Charu cha Mozambique chili kumwera kwa Africa ndipo chili na vyaru nga ni Eswatini kumwera, South Africa kumwera kwa mpoto, Zimbabwe kumanjiliro gha dazi, Zambia na Malawi kumpoto kwa mpoto, Tanzania kumpoto na Indian Ocean kumafumiro gha dazi. Charu cha Mozambique chili pakati pa 10° na 27° kumwera, kweniso 30° na 41° kumafumiro gha dazi. Charu ichi chili kugaŵika vigaŵa viŵiri na Mlonga wa Zambezi. Kumpoto kwa Mlonga wa Zambezi, mumphepete mwa nyanja muli tumapiri. Malo gha mapiri ghatali ghali kumanjiliro gha dazi; ghakuphatikizapo mapiri gha Niassa, Namuli panji Shire, Angonia, Tete na Makonde, agho ghali na makuni gha miombo. Kumwera kwa Mlonga wa Zambezi, malo ghapasi ghali na mapiri gha Mashonaland na Lebombo. Mu caru ici muli milonga yikuruyikuru yinkhondi na yinyake yichoko. Mu charu ichi muli nyanja zinayi: Niassa (panji Malawi), Chiuta, Cahora Bassa, na Shirwa. misumba ghakuru ni Maputo, Beira, Nampula, Tete, Quelimane, Chimoio, Pemba, Inhambane, Xai-Xai na Lichinga.<gallery mode="packed" caption="Geography of Mozambique"> File:Ghost mountain mkuze sunset.jpg|[[Lebombo Mountains]] File:Gorongosa - Gogogo peak. (4403966914).jpg|[[Gorongosa National Park]] File:Beach cleaning.jpg|[[Island of Mozambique]] File:Mt Binga Mozambique.JPG|[[Monte Binga]] File:Ponta do Ouro in the morning.jpg|[[Ponta do Ouro]] </gallery> ===Nyengo=== {{Main|Climate of Mozambique}} [[File:Koppen-Geiger Map MOZ present.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Mozambique map of Köppen climate classification zones]] Ku Mozambique kuli mphepo yakotcha ndipo nyengo zake ni ziŵiri: nyengo ya vula kufuma mu Okutobala m'paka Malichi na nyengo ya chilangalanga kufuma mu Epulero m'paka Seputembala. Kweni nyengo yikupambana kuyana na malo agho munthu wakukhala. Ku chigaŵa cha mumphepete mwa nyanja kukulokwa chomene ndipo kumpoto na kumwera kukulokwa pachoko. Mvula ya chaka chilichose yikuthika kufuma pa 500 mpaka 900 mm (19.7 m'paka 35.4 inchi) kuyana na chigaŵa, ndipo pafupifupi 590 mm (23.2 inchi). Nyengo ya chivula yikwiza chomene. Mu mwezi wa Julayi, ku Maputo kukuzizima chomene, ndipo mu Febuluwale kukuzizima chomene. Mu 2019 Mozambique yikaŵa na vula ya chimphepo yakuchemeka Idai na Kenneth.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Walsh |first1=Declan |title=Amid a Cyclone's Floods and Destruction, Mozambique Finds Shards of Hope |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/20/world/africa/mozambique-cyclone-idai-aid.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=World |access-date=20 April 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=20 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420212249/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/20/world/africa/mozambique-cyclone-idai-aid.html%3Faction%3Dclick%26module%3DWell%26pgtype%3DHomepage%26section%3DWorld |archive-date=20 April 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Vyamoyo=== {{Main|Wildlife of Mozambique}} {{See also|Category:Flora of Mozambique|List of marine molluscs of Mozambique|List of non-marine molluscs of Mozambique}} Mu Mozambique muli viyuni 740 ivyo vili na mitundu 20 iyo yili pangozi kweniso mitundu yiŵiri iyo yikusangika mu vyaru vinyake. Vinyake mwa vyaru ivi ni vyakumera 13, malo ghankhondi na ghaŵiri ghakusungirako vyamoyo, malo ghankhondi na limoza ghakusungirako vyamoyo, malo ghankhondi na limoza ghakusungirako vyamoyo, malo ghankhondi na ghatatu ghakusungirako vyamoyo, na malo ghankhondi na ghatatu ghakusungirako vyamoyo. Charu ichi chili na chiŵelengero cha 6.93/10 pa charu chose pa vyaru 172.<ref name="FLII-Supplementary">{{cite journal|last1=Grantham|first1=H. S.|last2=Duncan|first2=A.|last3=Evans|first3=T. D.|last4=Jones|first4=K. R.|last5=Beyer|first5=H. L.|last6=Schuster|first6=R.|last7=Walston|first7=J.|last8=Ray|first8=J. C.|last9=Robinson|first9=J. G.|last10=Callow|first10=M.|last11=Clements|first11=T.|last12=Costa|first12=H. M.|last13=DeGemmis|first13=A.|last14=Elsen|first14=P. R.|last15=Ervin|first15=J.|last16=Franco|first16=P.|last17=Goldman|first17=E.|last18=Goetz|first18=S.|last19=Hansen|first19=A.|last20=Hofsvang|first20=E.|last21=Jantz|first21=P.|last22=Jupiter|first22=S.|last23=Kang|first23=A.|last24=Langhammer|first24=P.|last25=Laurance|first25=W. F.|last26=Lieberman|first26=S.|last27=Linkie|first27=M.|last28=Malhi|first28=Y.|last29=Maxwell|first29=S.|last30=Mendez|first30=M.|last31=Mittermeier|first31=R.|last32=Murray|first32=N. J.|last33=Possingham|first33=H.|last34=Radachowsky|first34=J.|last35=Saatchi|first35=S.|last36=Samper|first36=C.|last37=Silverman|first37=J.|last38=Shapiro|first38=A.|last39=Strassburg|first39=B.|last40=Stevens|first40=T.|last41=Stokes|first41=E.|last42=Taylor|first42=R.|last43=Tear|first43=T.|last44=Tizard|first44=R.|last45=Venter|first45=O.|last46=Visconti|first46=P.|last47=Wang|first47=S.|last48=Watson|first48=J. E. M.|display-authors=1|title=Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material|journal=Nature Communications|volume=11|issue=1|year=2020|page=5978|issn=2041-1723|doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|pmid=33293507|pmc=7723057|bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5978G |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ndale == {{Main|Politics of Mozambique}} [[File:Filipe Nyusi.jpg|thumb|left|President [[Filipe Nyusi]]]] [[File:Conselho Municipal de Maputo frente.jpg|thumb|left|Maputo City Hall]] Dango la Mozambique likuti pulezidenti wa charu ni mulongozgi wa boma, mulongozgi wa boma, mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari, ndiposo chimanyikwiro cha umoza wa charu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Article 119 |url=https://cdn.accf-francophonie.org/2019/03/mozambique_const-en.pdf |website=Constitution of the Republic of Mozambique}}</ref> Wakusankhika mwadunjika kwa nyengo ya vilimika vinkhondi mwa kuvota kwaciŵiri; usange palije uyo wakupokera mavoti ghakujumpha hafu mu cigaŵa cakwamba, cigaŵa caciŵiri ca mavoti cizamucitika umo ŵekha awo ŵapokera mavoti ghanandi mu cigaŵa cakwamba ndiwo ŵazamunjira. Nduna yikuru yikusoleka na pulezidenti. Wakuwungana na kulongozga wupu wa nduna (cabinet), wakupeleka ulongozgi kwa pulezidenti, wakovwira pulezidenti kuwusa caru, na kwendeska milimo ya ŵalaŵiliri ŵanyake. Nyumba ya Ufumu yili na mamembara 250. Ŵeruzgi ŵali na Khoti Likuru Chomene, makhoti gha vigaŵa, na gha boma. Boma la Mozambique lili na ŵasilikari ŵacoko waka awo ŵakugwira nchito ya kuvikilira caru, awo ni mawumba gha Mozambique Defence Armed Forces. === Ubale na vyaru vinyake === {{Main|Foreign relations of Mozambique}} [[File:Embassy of Mozambique, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|upright|Kazembe wa Mozambique ku Washington, D.C.]] Nangauli ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakalutilira kugomezgeka ku boma ili kufuma waka apo likambiranga nkhondo ya kufwatuka, kweni ndyali za charu ichi zikulutilira kusintha. Ndime ziŵiri za ndyali za Mozambique ni kusungilira ubwezi uwemi na ŵazengezgani ŵake ndiposo kusungilira na kusazgirako ubwezi na ŵanyawo. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na kuuyambiro wa m'ma 1980, ndyali ya Mozambique yikakhwaskika na nkhondo ya ku Rhodesia na South Africa. Cifukwa cakuti Mozambiki wakazomerezga yayi kuti Rhodesia yende pa nyanja, boma la Ian Smith likamba kulimbana nayo. Nangauli boma la Zimbabwe likati lasintha mu 1980, likawuskapo suzgo ili, kweni boma la South Africa likalutilira kusuzga Mozambique. Mozambiki nayo wakaŵa mu gulu la vyaru ivyo vikaŵa ku nkhondo. Phangano la Nkomati ilo likachitika mu 1984, likati latondeka kumazga wovwiri wa RENAMO ku South Africa, likajura nthowa zakwamba pakati pa maboma gha Mozambique na South Africa. Ndondomeko iyi yikalutilira apo boma la South Africa likamazga muwuso wa apartheid. Nangauli nyengo zinyake vinthu vikusuzga ku Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia, na Tanzania, kweni Mozambique yikulutilira kukolerana na vyaru ivi.<ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet" /> Mu vilimika vyakulondezgapo, Mozambique wakapokera wovwiri ukuru kufuma ku vyaru vinyake vya ku Western, comenecomene ku Scandinavia. Soviet Union na ŵabwezi ŵake ndiwo ŵakateŵeteranga Mozambiki pa nkhani za cuma, nkhondo, na ndyali. Ivi vikamba kusintha mu 1983; mu 1984 Mozambique wakanjira mu Banki ya Caru Cose na International Monetary Fund. Mwaluŵiro wovwiri wa vyaru vya Scandinavia nga ni Sweden, Norway, Denmark, na Iceland, ukasinthira wovwiri wa Soviet. Finland na Netherlands vikuŵa vyakurya vyakuzirwa comene pa nkhani ya wovwiri. Charu cha Italy nacho chili na mazaza mu Mozambique cifukwa ca mulimo uwo cikacita pa mtende. Ubwezi na caru ca Portugal, ico kale cikaŵa na mazaza pa caru ici, ukuŵa wakuzirwa comene cifukwa cakuti awo ŵakuguliska ndalama ku Portugal ŵakovwira comene pa cuma ca Mozambique.<ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet" /> [[File:Prime Minister Narendra Modi meets members of Indian Community in Mozambique.jpg|thumb|Prime Minister wa India Narendra Modi wakumana na banthu ŵa India mu Mozambique, 7 July 2016.]] Mozambique njumoza wa vyaru ivyo vikwendera lumoza yayi na vyaru vinyake ivyo vili ku Africa. Mozambique nayo wali mu wupu wa African Union na Southern African Development Community. Mu 1994, boma la Iran likazgoka ciŵaro ca wupu wa Islamic Conference, kuti likhozgere ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yose, kweniso kuti likondweske Ŵasilamu ŵanandi ŵa mu caru ici. Mwakuyana waka, mu 1995, Mozambique nayo wakajibatika ku vyaru vinyake ivyo vikuyowoya Cingelezi. Pa nyengo iyo, ndiyo yikaŵa yimoza mwa vyaru ivyo vikaŵa mu Commonwealth kweni vikaŵa vigaŵa vya Ufumu wa Britain yayi. Mu chaka chenechichi, Mozambique yikaŵa yumoza wa awo ŵakambiska na kuŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa Wupu Wakulongozga wa vyaru ivyo vikuyowoya Ciphwitikizi.<ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet" /> === Human rights === {{Main article|Human rights in Mozambique}} {{See also|Human trafficking in Mozambique}} Mu 2015, boma likazomerezga kugonana kwa ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha. Ndipouli, kusankhana pakati pa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa LGBT ku Mozambique nkhukuru.<ref>{{cite news |date=29 March 2016 |title=Mozambique's enduring discrimination leaves gay men untreated for HIV |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/mar/29/mozambiques-enduring-discrimation-leaves-gay-men-untreated-for-hiv |url-status=live |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817102833/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/mar/29/mozambiques-enduring-discrimation-leaves-gay-men-untreated-for-hiv |archive-date=17 August 2019}}</ref> == Administrative divisions == {{Main|Provinces of Mozambique|Districts of Mozambique|Postos of Mozambique}} Charu cha Mozambique chili na vigaŵa 10 (provincias) na msumba ukuru umoza (cidade capital). Vigaŵa ivi vili kugaŵika vigaŵa 129. Vigaŵa ivi vili kugaŵikana mu vigaŵa 405 (postos administrativos) na vigaŵa viŵiri (localidades). Pali "municipios" 53. {| border="0" |style="vertical-align:middle;"| #[[Niassa Province|Niassa]] #[[Cabo Delgado Province|Cabo Delgado]] #[[Nampula Province|Nampula]] #[[Tete Province|Tete]] #[[Zambezia Province|Zambezia]] #[[Manica Province|Manica]] #[[Sofala Province|Sofala]] #[[Gaza Province|Gaza]] #[[Inhambane Province|Inhambane]] #[[Maputo]] (city) #[[Maputo Province|Maputo]] | style="width:230px; vertical-align:middle;"| [[File:Mozambique, administrative divisions - Nmbrs - colored 2018.svg|170px|Map of Mozambique with the province highlighted]] |}{{Largest cities | country = Mozambique | stat_ref = According to the 2017 Census<ref>{{cite web |url=http://citypopulation.de/Mozambique-Cities.html |title=Mozambique |website=citypopulation.de |access-date=19 August 2021 }}</ref> | list_by_pop = | div_name = Province | div_link = | city_1 = Maputo | div_1 = Maputo City{{!}}Maputo | pop_1 = 1,080,277 | img_1 = Maputo seen from southeast - October 2006.jpg | city_2 = Matola | div_2 = Maputo Province{{!}}Maputo | pop_2 = 1,032,197 | img_2 = Antigo edifício do Conselho Municipal da Matola.jpg | city_3 = Nampula | div_3 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_3 = 663,212 | img_3 = Nampula_Airport.jpg | city_4 = Beira, Mozambique{{!}}Beira | div_4 = Sofala Province{{!}}Sofala | pop_4 = 592,090 | img_4 = Beira center 2000.jpg | city_5 = Chimoio | div_5 = Manica Province{{!}}Manica | pop_5 = 363,336 | city_6 = Tete, Mozambique{{!}}Tete | div_6 = Tete Province{{!}}Tete | pop_6 = 307,338 | city_7 = Quelimane | div_7 = Zambezia Province{{!}}Zambézia | pop_7 = 246,915 | city_8 = Lichinga | div_8 = Niassa Province{{!}}Niassa | pop_8 = 242,204 | city_9 = Mocuba | div_9 = Zambezia Province{{!}}Zambézia | pop_9 = ''240,000'' | city_10 = Nacala | div_10 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_10 = 225,034 | city_11 = Gurúè | div_11 = Zambezia Province{{!}}Zambézia | pop_11 = ''210,000'' | city_12 = Pemba, Mozambique{{!}}Pemba | div_12 = Cabo Delgado Province{{!}}Cabo Delgado | pop_12 = 201,846 | city_13 = Xai-Xai | div_13 = Gaza Province{{!}}Gaza | pop_13 = 132,884 | city_14 = Maxixe, Mozambique{{!}}Maxixe | div_14 = Inhambane Province{{!}}Inhambane | pop_14 = 123,868 | city_15 = Angoche | div_15 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_15 = 89,998 | city_16 = Inhambane | div_16 = Inhambane Province{{!}}Inhambane | pop_16 = 82,119 | city_17 = Cuamba | div_17 = Niassa Province{{!}}Niassa | pop_17 = 79,013 | city_18 = Montepuez | div_18 = Cabo Delgado Province{{!}}Cabo Delgado | pop_18 = 76,139 | city_19 = Dondo, Mozambique{{!}}Dondo | div_19 = Sofala Province{{!}}Sofala | pop_19 = 70,817 | city_20 = Moçambique (city){{!}}Moçambique | div_20 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_20 = 65,712 }} ==Chuma== {{Main|Economy of Mozambique}}[[File:GDP_per_capita_development_in_Mozambique.svg|thumb|Historical development of real GDP per capita in Mozambique, since 1960]] [[File:Mozambique Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|upright=1.6|A proportional representation of Mozambique's exports]] Charu cha Mozambique nchimoza mwa vyaru vikavu comene na vyambura kutukuka pa caru cose, nangauli pakati pa 1994 na 2006, GDP yikakuranga pafupifupi 8%. Wupu wa vya ndalama wa IMF ukuti Mozambique ni caru cikavu ico cili na ngongoli zinandi. Pa kafukufuku uyo wakacitika mu 2006, ŵanthu ŵatatu pa ŵanthu ŵanayi ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakati mu vilimika vinkhondi ivyo vyajumpha, ndalama izo ŵakasanga zikwenda makora yayi. Ndalama ya boma ya Mozambique ni metical (kufuma mu Disembala 2022, US$1 yikukolerana na 64 meticals). Ndalama za US dollar, South African rand, na euro vikupokelereka na kugwiliskirika nchito mu bizinesi. Malipiro ghapachanya agho boma likuzomerezga ni $60 pa mwezi. Charu cha Mozambique chili mu wupu wa Southern African Development Community (SADC). Pulogiramu ya SADC yakuyowoya za malonda gha mwawanangwa yikovwira kuti caru ca kumwera kwa Africa ciŵe cakupambana na vyaru vinyake mwa kuwuskapo ndondo na mphindano zinyake. Mu 2007, Banki ya Caru Cose yikayowoya kuti caru ca Mozambique cikukura comene. Kafukufuku uyo ŵakacita pamoza na maboma gha awo ŵakovwira ŵanthu mu 2007 wakati: "Mozambiki wakuwoneka kuti ni caru ico cakovwira comene".<ref name=BilateralRelationsFactSheet/> ===Rebounding growth=== Ŵanthu awo ŵakachimbilira ku vyaru vinyake na kusintha vinthu mu charu ichi ŵakukura chomene. Vinthu vikasintha chomene mu charu ichi, ndipo pakati pa 1996 na 2006, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu vyaru ivi chikakwera pa 8%, ndipo pakati pa 2006 na 2011, chikakwera pa 67%. Kuti vinthu viŵe makora kunthazi, pakukhumbikwira ndalama zinandi zakufuma ku vyaru vinyake, kusintha vinthu pa nkhani ya vyachuma, na kuwezgerapo ulimi, mendero, na vyakusanguluska. Mu 2013, ŵanthu pafupifupi 80% ŵakagwiranga ntchito zaulimi, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakagwiranga ntchito zaulimi. Ndipouli, mu 2012, malo ghakujumpha 90% gha mu Mozambique ghakaŵa ghambura kulima. Mu 2013, nkhani yinyake ya pa BBC yikati kwamba mu 2009, ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakambaso kuwelera ku Mozambique chifukwa cha uchumi uwo ukukura mu charu ichi.<ref>Akwagyiram, Alexis (5 April 2013) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22025864 Portugal's unemployed heading to Mozambique 'paradise'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129050736/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22025864 |date=29 November 2017 }}. ''BBC News Africa''. Retrieved 6 April 2013</ref> ===Economic reforms=== Makampani ghakujumpha 1,200 agho ghanandi ghakaŵa gha boma ghakaŵa gha boma. Ŵakanozgekera vyakuti maboma ghaŵike vinthu vyawo mu mawoko gha ŵeneco na/panji kulekeska makampani ghanyake agho ghakaŵa gha boma, nga ni telecommunications, energy, ports, na railways. Nyengo zinandi boma likasankhanga munthu wakwendeskera vyaru vinyake para likukhumba kupanga kampani yinyake. Kweniso, msonkho wa msonkho wachepeskeka, ndipo msonkho wa msonkho wachepeskeka na kunozgekaso. Mu 1999, boma likakhazikiska msonkho wakusazgirako mtengo wa vinthu. ===Corruption=== [[File:Mozambique - traditional sailboat.jpg|thumb|Traditional sailboat in [[Ilha de Moçambique]]]] Chuma cha Mozambique chakhuŵara na vimbundi vinandi. Mu Julayi 2011, boma likapeleka malango ghaphya ghakususkana na vimbundi kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kwiba ndalama za boma. Ndondomeko iyi yikazomerezgeka na ŵalara ŵa boma. Boma la Mozambique likadumura kuti ŵaliska ŵaŵiri ŵakale ŵakaŵa ŵarunji cifukwa ca vimbundi. Pa vyaru 178, charu cha Mozambique chili pa nambara 116 pa vyaru vyose ivyo vili na vimbundi. Lipoti linyake la wupu wa USAID ilo likalembeka mu 2005, likati: "Ukaboni wakuti vimbundi vili palipose mu Mozambique ukupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵacitenge wofi". Mu 2012, boma la chigaŵa cha Inhambane likavumbura kuti Calisto Alberto Tomo, uyo ni mulara wa Dipatimenti ya Vyakumara Minkhwala, wakaswa ndalama za boma. Ŵakasanga kuti wakakolerana na Recalda Guambe, uyo wakaŵa mulembi wa mabuku mu ofesi ya Anti-Drug Office, kuti ŵibire ndalama zakukwana 260,000 meticais pakati pa 2008 na 2010. Boma la Mozambique lachitapo kanthu kuti limazge vimbundi, ndipo vinthu vyamba kwenda makora. Mu 2012, boma la Mozambique likapeleka malango ghanandi ghakovwira kuti vimbundi vileke.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mozambique Corruption Profile|url=http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/sub-saharan-africa/mozambique/show-all.aspx|website=Business Anti-Corruption Profile|access-date=14 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715001747/http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/sub-saharan-africa/mozambique/show-all.aspx|archive-date=15 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Natural resources=== {{main|Mineral industry of Mozambique}} Mu 2010 na 2011, Anadarko Petroleum na Eni ŵakasanga malo gha gesi gha Mamba South, agho ghali na gasi wakujumpha 4,200 billion cubic metres (150 trillion cubic feet) mu Rovuma Basin, kufupi na mphepete mwa nyanja ya kumpoto kwa chigaŵa cha Cabo Delgado. Para vyaŵa nthena, Mozambiki wangaŵa yumoza wa vyaru ivyo vikupanga gasi. Mu Janyuwale 2017, boma likasankha makampani ghatatu kuti ghapange migodi ya gasi ku Rovuma. GL Africa Energy (UK) ndiyo yikapokera thirakiti limoza. Likukhumba kuzenga na kwendeska sitima ya gasi ya 250 MW. Ntchito iyi yikeneranga kwamba mu 2018. Pa nyengo yasono, boma la Mozambique likukhumba kuti mu 2024, likambe kutumizga LNG pa caru cose. Mu 2019, vinthu ivyo vikachitika mu malo gha Rovuma Basin, agho ghakumanyikwa kuti The Mozambique LNG Project, vikakhozga ndalama zakukwana madola 19 biliyoni kufuma ku wupu wa ŵaguliskayi kuti ŵagulire LNG iyi. Ntchito yikuru ya kuzenga na ntchito zinyake izo zikukolerana nayo, yikapelekeka ku kampani ya TotalEnergies.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mzlng.totalenergies.co.mz/en/about-mozambique-liquefied-natural-gas-project |title=About the project |website=Mozambique LNG |date=2023|access-date=4 May 2023}}</ref> ===Tourism=== {{Main|Tourism in Mozambique}} [[File:La plage aux dunes de Dovela - 2012-04-28 - 75154574.jpg|thumb| European tourists on the beach, in [[Inhambane Province|Inhambane]], Mozambique]] [[File:Vilaculos beach Mozambique 2.jpg|thumb|Vilanculos beach Mozambique]] Charu ichi chili na malo ghanandi ghakutowa, vyamoyo vyamuthengere, na malo ghakusangwa na ŵanthu. Charu cha Mozambique chili na mwaŵi ukuru wa kukura.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mozambique – Economy|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique|access-date=24 January 2021|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|archive-date=5 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205083321/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Carrying goods on head in Mozambique.jpg|thumb|Carrying goods on head in Mozambique]] Mphepete mwa nyanja za kumpoto uko kuli maji ghakutowa ni malo ghakutowa comene, comenecomene ku virwa vya Quirimbas na Bazaruto. Chigaŵa cha Inhambane chikukopa ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake chifukwa cha vyamoyo vinandi ivyo vili mu nyanja. Pali malo ghanandi ghakusungirako vyamoyo, kusazgapo malo gha Gorongosa National Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=mozambique capital and currency|url=https://seedtracker.org/c40prd/mozambique-capital-and-currency-d2ea86|access-date=28 January 2021|website=seedtracker.org|archive-date=1 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201191256/https://seedtracker.org/c40prd/mozambique-capital-and-currency-d2ea86|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Transport=== {{Main|Transport in Mozambique|Rail transport in Mozambique}} [[File:Steam locomotive Inhambane.jpg|thumb|Steam locomotive at Inhambane, 2009]] [[File:LAM Boeing 737-200Adv C9-BAK JNB 2005-12-2.png|thumb|right|National Mozambican airline, [[LAM Mozambique Airlines|LAM Mozambique]]]] Pali misewu ya makilomita ghakujumpha 30,000, kweni yinandi njambura kujintha. Nga umo viliri mu vyaru vinyake, magalimoto ghakwendera kumazere. Ku Maputo kuli chiŵanja cha ndege cha mitundu yose, viŵanja vinyake vya ndege 21 vyambura kujima, na malo ghakujumpha 100 ghakwambukirapo ndege. Pali misewu ya maji yakukwana makilomita 3,750. Pali misewu ya njanji iyo yikwendera mu misumba yikuruyikuru na kukolerana na Malawi, Zimbabwe na South Africa. Njanji za ku Mozambique zikenda kwa vyaka vyakujumpha 100 kufuma ku vipata vitatu ivyo vikaŵa mumphepete mwa nyanja. Misewu iyi yikaŵa yakukhumbikwa comene pa nyengo ya Nkhondo ya Caru na Caru ya ku Mozambique, ndipo RENAMO ndiyo yikayiparanya. Wupu wa boma, uwo ukuchemeka Portos e Caminhos de Ferro de Moçambique (Mozambique Ports and Railways), ndiwo ukulaŵilira misewu ya njanji na maboti agho ghakukolerana nayo. Mzere uliwose uli na nthowa yake yakucitira vinthu. Mu 2005 pakaŵa njanji ya makilomita 3,123, iyo yikaŵa na mtunda wa makilomita 2,983 wa 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in), ndipo yikaŵa yakukolerana na njanji za mu vigaŵa vyapafupi. Msewu wa njanji ya Beira ̇ Bulawayo na Sena, uwo uli pakatikati pa msumba uwu, ukujintha dowoko la Beira ku vyaru vya Malawi, Zambia na Zimbabwe. Kumpoto kwa malo agha, ngalaŵa ya Nacala yikukolerana na njanji ya Nacala na Malawi, ndipo kumwera kwa ngalaŵa ya Maputo yikukolerana na njanji ya Limpopo, njanji ya Goba na njanji ya Ressano Garcia na Zimbabwe, Eswatini na South Africa. Maofesi agha ghakukolerana waka na vyaru vinyake. Mu Ogasiti 2010, boma la Mozambique na la Botswana ghakasazga chikalata chakulongosolera umo ŵagwilirenge ntchito ya kupanga njanji ya mtunda wa makilomita 1,100 kujumpha mu Zimbabwe. Gulu liphya la matayala ilo likagwiranga nchito ku Indian Golden Rock likagwiliskiranga nchito vyakukolerana vya pakati na mabureki gha mphepo.<ref>''[[Railway Gazette International]]'', August 2008, p.483</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/06/23/stories/2008062350501700.htm|title=Golden Rock workshop exports locos to Mozambique|work=Business Line|access-date=24 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206072435/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/06/23/stories/2008062350501700.htm|archive-date=6 December 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Kupeleka maji na maji ghakumwa === [[File:Daily struggle for water (5400691444).jpg|thumb|Woman fetching water during the dry season from a polluted source in Machaze District of the Central Manica Province]] Ku Mozambique, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵalije maji ghakumwa (pa 2011 ŵakaŵa na maji 51 peresenti), ndipo ŵakusoŵa vyakumwa vyakwenelera (pa 2011 ŵakaŵa na maji 25 peresenti). Mu 2007, boma likanozga vyakuti ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa ivi ŵakhalenge na maji ghawemi. Mu misumba, maji ghakupelekeka na ŵantchito ŵacoko na ŵantchito ŵa boma. Kwamba mu 1998, Mozambique wakasintha ndondomeko ya maji gha mu misumba mwa kupanga wupu wakuwona vya maji (CRA), kampani yakuwona vya ndalama (FIPAG) na kampani yakuchemeka Aguas de Moçambique.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIP LEGAL RESOURCE CENTER |url=https://ppp.worldbank.org/public-private-partnership/library/delegated-management-urban-water-supply-services-mozambique-summary-case-stuy-fipag-and-cra |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIP LEGAL RESOURCE CENTER |language=en}}</ref> Pa ndondomeko iyi pakaŵa vigaŵa vya msumba uwu na misumba yinyake yinayi iyo yikaŵa na maji. Ndipouli, PPP yikamara mu 2008 apo mapangano ghakulongozga misumba yinayi ghakajumpha ndipo mu 2010, munthu munyake wa ku charu chinyake uyo wakagwiranga ntchito mu msumba uwu wakafumamo chifukwa cha suzgo. Nangauli boma likuŵika mtima comene pa nkhani ya maji mu misumba, kweni pasono lilije ndondomeko yakukhwaskana na mauto ghakutowa. Awo ŵakupeleka ndalama ŵakupeleka ndalama zakukwana 87.4% ya ndalama izo boma likupeleka. == Ŵanthu == {{Main|Demographics of Mozambique}} {|class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px" ! colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#cfb;"|Population{{UN_Population|ref}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique|title=Mozambique|date=27 February 2023|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|via=CIA.gov}}</ref> |- ! style="background:#cfb;"|Year ! style="background:#cfb;"|Thousands |- |style="text-align:left;"|1950 ||style="text-align:right;"|5,959 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1960 ||style="text-align:right;"|7,185 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1970 ||style="text-align:right;"|9,023 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1980 ||style="text-align:right;"|11,630 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1990 ||style="text-align:right;"|12,987 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2000 ||style="text-align:right;"|17,712 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2010 ||style="text-align:right;"|23,532 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2020 ||style="text-align:right;"|31,255 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2023 ||style="text-align:right;"|32,514 |} Vigaŵa vya kumpoto kwa Zambezia na Nampula ndivyo vili na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala kumpoto kwa charu ichi ni Makua pafupifupi 4 miliyoni. Magulu ghanyake ni Makonde, Yao, Swahili, Tonga, Chopi, na Nguni (mwakusazgapo Ŵazulu). Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵalipo 97.8%, ndipo ŵanyake wose mba ku Portugal, ku Europe na ku Africa (mestizo) kweniso ku India. Ku Mozambique kuli ŵanthu pafupifupi 45,000 ŵa ku India. Pa nyengo iyo Portugal yikalamuliranga caru ici, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vyose. Ŵanandi mwa ŵanthu aŵa ŵakafumamo mu charu ichi mu 1975 apo charu ichi chikapokera wanangwa kufuma ku Portugal. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuyowoya kuti mu Mozambique muli ŵanthu ŵa ku China ŵakujumpha 7,000. Kafukufuku munyake uyo wakachitika mu 2011, wakalongora kuti pa mwanakazi yumoza, pakaŵa ŵana 5.9, ndipo ku mizi pakaŵa ŵana 6.6, ndipo mu misumba pakaŵa ŵana 4.5.<ref>[http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR266/FR266.pdf Moçambique Inquérito Demográfico e de Saúde 2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819223303/http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR266/FR266.pdf |date=19 August 2013 }}. Instituto Nacional de Estatística, Ministério da Saúde Maputo, Moçambique (March 2013)</ref><ref name="ISN">{{Cite news|title=China, Mozambique: old friends, new business|date=13 August 2007|periodical=International Relations and Security Network Update|access-date=3 November 2007|url=http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?id=53470&lng=en|last=Horta|first=Loro|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100407032726/http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?id=53470&lng=en|archive-date=7 April 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Viyowoyelo=== {{Main|Languages of Mozambique}} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="border:1px black; float:right; margin-left:1em;" |- ! style="background:#f99;" colspan="3"|Language most spoken at home, 2017 Census <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ine.gov.mz/iv-rgph-2017/mocambique/censo-2017-brochura-dos-resultados-definitivos-do-iv-rgph-nacional.pdf/at_download/file |title=Archived copy |access-date=14 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515170335/http://www.ine.gov.mz/iv-rgph-2017/mocambique/censo-2017-brochura-dos-resultados-definitivos-do-iv-rgph-nacional.pdf/at_download/file |archive-date=15 May 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20181216163503/http://197.249.4.187/imismoz/censos/censo2007/CensoHTML/00/quadros/00quadro23.html "Quadro 23. População de 5 anos e mais por idade, segundo área de residência, sexo e língua que fala com mais frequência em casa"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216163503/http://197.249.4.187/imismoz/censos/censo2007/CensoHTML/00/quadros/00quadro23.html |date=16 December 2018 }}'', [http://www.ine.gov.mz Instituto Nacional de Estatística] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/19981202021739/http://www.ine.gov.mz/ |date=2 December 1998 }}, Maputo Moçambique, 2007</ref> |- |[[Emakhuwa]] || style="text-align:right;"| 5,813,083 || style="text-align:right;"| 26.13% |- | [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] || style="text-align:right;"| 3,686,890 || style="text-align:right;"| 16.58% |- | [[Xichangana]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,919,217 || style="text-align:right;"| 8.63% |- | [[Cinyanja]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,790,831 || style="text-align:right;"| 8.05% |- | [[Cisena]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,578,164 || style="text-align:right;"| 7.09% |- | [[Elomwe]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,574,237 || style="text-align:right;"| 7.08% |- | [[Chuwabo language|Echuwabo]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,050,696 || style="text-align:right;"| 4.72% |- | [[Tswa language|Xitswa]] || style="text-align:right;"| 836,644 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.76% |- | [[Cindau]] || style="text-align:right;"| 836,038 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.76% |- | Other [[Languages of Mozambique|Mozambican languages]] || style="text-align:right;"| 2,633,088 || style="text-align:right;"| 11.84% |- | Other foreign languages || style="text-align:right;"| 112,385 || style="text-align:right;"| 0.51% |- | None || style="text-align:right;"| 4,173 || style="text-align:right;"| 0.02% |- | Unknown || style="text-align:right;"| 407,927 || style="text-align:right;"| 1.83% |- |''' Total''' || style="text-align:right;"| '''22,243,373''' || style="text-align:right;"| '''100.00%''' |} [[File:Mz etnies.PNG|thumb|left|upright=1.3|Ethnic map of Mozambique]] Chiphwitikizi ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene mu charu ichi, ndipo ŵanthu 50.3% ŵakuyowoya. Viyowoyero vya ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ivyo vikuyowoyeka mu charu ichi vikupambana chomene ndipo nyengo zinyake ŵanthu ŵakuvipulikiska yayi. Padera pa chiyowoyero icho chikuyowoyeka kumpoto kwa charu ichi, Chiswahili chikuyowoyeka mu chigaŵa chichoko cha mumphepete mwa nyanja kufupi na mphaka ya Tanzania. Mu chigaŵa cha Swahili, ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha Makonde. Makonde na Yao ŵali mu gulu lapadera, ndipo chiyowoyero cha Yao chikukolerana chomene na chiyowoyero cha Mwera ku Rondo Plateau, Tanzania. Mu viyowoyero ivi, mazgu ghakwambira ghakuŵa nga ni vilembo vyakwambilira ivyo vyalembeka pambere lizgu lindanjire. Ŵanyake ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero ichi mumphepete mwa Nyanja ya Malawi kweniso ku sirya linyake la Nyanja. Viyowoyero vinyake vya mu gulu la eMakhuwa vikupambana chomene na ivi. Vili na lizgu lakuti k- ilo likwamba na lizgu lakuti vowel. Pali chiyowoyero cha eMakhuwa, pamoza na chiyowoyero cha eLomwe na eChuwabo, kweniso chigaŵa chichoko cha ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha eKoti. Mu chigaŵa icho chili musi mwa Mlonga wa Zambezi, ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha Sena, icho chili mu gulu limoza na Nyanja. Chigaŵa chikuru icho ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya ChiShona chili pakati pa mphaka ya Zimbabwe na nyanja. Chiyowoyero ichi chikuyana waka na Chishona, kweni chikuyana yayi na chiyowoyero cha Chishona, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero ichi ŵakuchiwona kuti ntchakupambana. Kumwera kwa chigaŵa ichi kuli viyowoyero vya Tsonga. ChiTsonga chikuyowoyeka mumphepete mwa nyanja na mu charu, ndipo chiTsonga chikuyowoyeka mu chigaŵa cha Limpopo River. Chiyowoyero ichi chikusangikaso mu charu cha South Africa. Ŵanyake mwa ŵanthu awo ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero ichi ni GiTonga, BiTonga, na CiCopi panji Chopi, awo ŵakuyowoyeka kumpoto kwa mlomo wa Limpopo, kweniso XiRonga panji Ronga, awo ŵakuyowoyeka kufupi na Maputo. Viyowoyero vya mu gulu ili, mwakuyana na mazgu ghachoko waka, vikuyana waka na vya Cizulu, kweni ni viyowoyero vya mu gulu limoza yayi. Ku Mozambique kuli vigaŵa vichoko ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya Ciswazi na Cizulu. Ŵanthu ŵa ku India, China, na Arabia ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku India awo ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi.<ref name="r1">''Relatório do I Seminário sobre a Padronização da Ortografia de Línguas Moçambicanas''. NELIMO, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, 1989.</ref> ===Chisopo=== {{Main|Religion in Mozambique}} {{multiple image |align= right |direction= vertical |width= 190 |image1=Cathedral_of_maputo_05.jpg |caption1= [[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, Maputo]] |image2= Mesquita Maputo.jpg |caption2= A mosque in downtown Maputo |image3= |header= |header_align= centre }} Pa ŵanthu awo ŵakalembeka mu 2007, ŵakasanga kuti Ŵakhristu ŵalipo 59.2% pa ŵanthu wose ŵa mu Mozambique, Ŵasilamu ŵalipo 18.9%, ŵanthu 7.3% ŵali na vigomezgo vinyake, chomenechomene vya kusopa vinyama, ndipo 13.9% ŵalije vigomezgo. Kafukufuku munyake wa boma uyo wakachitika mu 2015, wakalongora kuti Chikatolika chikusangika pa ŵanthu 30.5%, Ŵasilamu 19.3%, ndipo matchalitchi ghanyake gha Chiprotesitanti 44%. Kuyana na lipoti la 2018 la United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, ŵanthu 28 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mba Katolika, 18 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mbasilamu (ŵanandi ŵakaŵa Ŵasuni), 15 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mba Chikhristu, 12 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mba Chiprotesitanti, 7 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mbanthu ŵa visopa vinyake, ndipo 18 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose ŵalije chisopa. Tchalitchi la Katolika lili kukhazikiska ma diocese 12 (Beira, Chimoio, Gurué, Inhambane, Lichinga, Maputo, Nacala, Nampula, Pemba, Quelimane, Tete, na Xai-Xai; ma archdioceses ni Beira, Maputo na Nampula). Mu Diocese ya Chimoio, ŵanthu 5.8% ŵakaŵa Ŵakatolika, ndipo mu Diocese ya Quelimane (Anuario catolico de Mozambique) ŵanthu 32.50%. Pa visopa vikuruvikuru vya Chiprotesitanti pali Igreja União Baptista de Moçambique, Assembleias de Deus, Seventh-day Adventists, Anglican Church of Southern Africa, Igreja do Evangelho Completo de Deus, Igreja Metodista Unida, Igreja Presbyteriana de Moçambique, Igrejas de Cristo na Assemblée Evangélica de Deus. Mulimo wa cisopa ca Methodist mu Mozambique ukamba mu 1890. Erwin Richards wakamba umishonale wa Methodist ku Chicuque mu chigaŵa cha Inhambane. Mu 1990, mpingo wa Igreja Metodista Unida em Moçambique (United Methodist Church in Mozambique) ukakondwelera vilimika 100 kufuma apo ŵa Methodist ŵakambira kuwungana mu Mozambique. Pulezidenti Chissano wakawonga mulimo wa UMC ku ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 10,000 awo ŵakiza pa ciphikiro ici. Kwamba mu 1998, mpingo wa United Methodist Church ku Mozambique waŵa ukuru katatu. Mu vyaru ivi muli mipingo yakujumpha 180. Chaka chilichose, ŵaliska ŵaphya ŵakwimikika. Chaka chilichose pa Ungano wa Caka na Caka (umpoto na kumwera) pakuŵa mipingo yiphya. Tchalitchi la Yesu Khristu la Ŵatuŵa ŵa Mazuŵa Ghaumaliro likukura comene. Gulu ili likamba kutuma ŵamishonale ku Mozambique mu 1999, ndipo mu Epulero 2015, likaŵa na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 7,943. Chisopa cha Bahá'í chili mu Mozambiki kwamba mu ma 1950, kweni mu nyengo yira chikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi yayi chifukwa cha mazaza gha Tchalitchi la Katolika. Apo boma likamba kujiyimira palekha mu 1975, ŵapayiniya ŵaphya ŵakamba kwiza. Kuzakafika mu 2010, ŵanthu pafupifupi 3,000 ŵakaŵa Ŵabaha'i. Ŵasilamu ŵakukhala comene kumpoto kwa caru ici. Ŵakuŵa mu magulu gha "tariqa" panji magulu gha ŵabali. Kweniso pali mawupu ghaŵiri gha ku Mozambique: Consejo Islâmico de Mozambique na Congresso Islâmico de Mozambique. Paliso mawupu ghanyake gha ku Pakistan na India, kweniso magulu ghanyake gha Chisilamu. Ku Maputo kuli cigaŵa cicoko comene ca Ciyuda, kweni cikukura comene.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://forward.com/culture/392973/in-mozambique-a-very-small-jewish-community-thrives/|title=In Mozambique, A Jewish Community Thrives|last1=JosephFebruary 1|first1=Anne|last2=Images|first2=2018Getty|website=The Forward|access-date=19 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210063439/https://forward.com/culture/392973/in-mozambique-a-very-small-jewish-community-thrives/|archive-date=10 December 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Umoyo=== {{Further|Health in Mozambique}} [[File:Bevölkerungspyramide Mosambik 2016.png|thumb|upright=1.3|Population pyramid 2016]] [[File:Number of patients on Anti Retroviral Treatment in Mozambique 2003-2011.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|The increase in the number of HIV positive Mozambicans on [[Antiretroviral drug|Antiretroviral treatment]], 2003–14]] Ŵanakazi ŵakubaba ŵana pafupifupi 5.5. Ndalama za boma zakwendeskera vyaumoyo zikaŵa 2.7 peresenti ya GDP mu 2004, apo ndalama za wanangwa wa ŵanthu zikaŵa 1.3 peresenti mu caka ceneci. Ndalama izo munthu waliyose wakugwiliskira nchito pa umoyo wake zikaŵa 42 US$ (PPP) mu 2004. Kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m'ma 2000, ku caru ici kukaŵa ŵadokotala ŵatatu pa ŵanthu 100,000. Mu 2005, ŵana 100 pa ŵana 1,000 ŵakafwanga. Mu 2010, pa ŵana 100,000 awo ŵakubabika, ŵanakazi 550 ndiwo ŵakafwanga. Pa ciŵelengero ici, mu 2008 kukaŵa 598.8 ndipo mu 1990 kukaŵa 385. Ŵana awo ŵakufwa para ŵandafike vyaka vinkhondi ŵakufwa pa ŵana 1,000, ndipo chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakufwa para ŵandafike vyaka vinkhondi chikuŵa 147. Ku Mozambique, pa ŵanakazi 1,000 awo ŵakubabika, ŵanakazi ŵatatu ndiwo ŵakuŵa ŵasungwana, ndipo mwanakazi yumoza pa ŵanakazi 37 waliyose wakufwa.<ref name="SOWMY">{{cite web|url=http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/report/home.html|title=The State of the World's Midwifery|publisher=United Nations Population Fund|access-date=1 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111225024306/http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/report/home.html|archive-date=25 December 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mu 2011, pa ŵanthu wose ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 15 na 49, 11,5% ŵakaŵa na HIV. Mu vigaŵa vya kumwera kwa Mozambique  Maputo na vigaŵa vya Gaza kweniso mu msumba wa Maputo  chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakufwa chikujumpha kaŵiri unandi wa ŵanthu wose. Mu 2011, boma likati ŵanthu pafupifupi 1.7 miliyoni ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakaŵa na HIV, ndipo 600,000 ŵakakhumbikwiranga munkhwala wakukoma majeremusi. Kuzakafika mu Disembala 2011, ŵanthu ŵakukwana 240,000 ndiwo ŵakalwaranga nthenda iyi. ===Masambilo=== {{Main|Education in Mozambique}} Chiphwitikizi ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene mu masukulu ghose gha ku Mozambique. Ŵanthu wose ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakukhumbikwa na dango kuti ŵasambire sukulu mpaka ku pulayimale. Kweni ŵana ŵanandi ŵakuluta yayi ku pulayimale chifukwa chakuti ŵakugwira ntchito mu minda ya mbumba zawo. Mu 2007, ŵana pafupifupi 1 miliyoni ŵakaŵa kuti ŵandafike ku sukulu, ndipo ŵanandi mwa ŵana aŵa ŵakafumanga mu mbumba zakukhalamo. Ŵasungwana awo ŵakalembeskanga sukulu ŵakakwera kufuma pa 3 miliyoni mu 2002 kufika pa 4.1 miliyoni mu 2006 apo awo ŵakalembeskanga ŵakakwera kufuma pa 31,000 kufika pa 90,000. Para ŵafika mu kilasi la nambara 7, ŵakusambira ŵakwenera kufiska viyezgelero vya sukulu kuti ŵanjire sukulu ya sekondare. Malo gha ku yunivesite ya ku Mozambique ngakukwana yayi, ntheura ŵana ŵanandi awo ŵamalizga masambiro gha ku yunivesite ŵakuluta ku yunivesite yayi. Ŵanandi ŵakugwira nchito ya kusambizga ŵana panji ŵalije nchito. Kweniso pali masukulu ghanyake agho ghakupeleka masambiro ghakusazgikira gha vyaulimi, maluso, panji masambiro gha vya masambiro. Pamanyuma pakuti charu cha Mozambique chafwatuka ku Portugal mu 1975, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵanandi ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakalutilira kunjira masukulu gha ku Portugal. Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu 2010, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya kuŵazga na kulemba chikaŵa 56.1% (70.8% ŵanalume na 42.8% ŵanakazi). Mu 2015, chiŵelengero ichi chikakwera kufika pa 58.8% (73.3% ŵanalume na 45.4% ŵanakazi).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=EDULIT_DS&popupcustomise=true&lang=en#|title=Education|last=UIS|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=2 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905185501/http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=EDULIT_DS&popupcustomise=true&lang=en|archive-date=5 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><gallery widths="200" heights="200"> File:Mozambique school.jpg|Pupils in front of their school in [[Nampula]] File:Mozambique classroom.jpg|School children in the classroom </gallery> ==Mwambo== {{Main|Culture of Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique - mask.jpg|thumb|upright|Woman with traditional mask in Mozambique]] [[File:Museu Da Ilha De Mocambique (33387901932).jpg|thumb|[[Island of Mozambique]], 2016]]Pa nyengo iyo, caru ca Mozambique cikaŵa pasi pa muwuso wa Portugal, ndipo ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ici ŵakayowoyanga ciyowoyero cimoza (Ciphwitikizi) kweniso ŵakasopanga mu cisopa cimoza (Roman Catholicism). Kweni cifukwa cakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Mozambique mba Bantu, ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ici ŵali na mitheto yakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakulondezga mitheto ya ku Portugal. ===Maluso=== Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Makonde ŵakumanyikwa na vyakuŵaja vyawo vya makuni na visalu vyawo. Pali mitundu yiŵiri ya vithuzithuzi vya makuni: shetani, (viŵanda viheni), ivyo kanandi vikuŵa vyakuŵaja mu makuni gha ebony, vikuru, na vyakuŵaja makora na vimanyikwiro na visko vyambura kuwoneka makora. Vinthu ivi ŵakuvichema kuti "makuni gha mbumba" cifukwa vikuyowoya vya miwiro yinandi. Mu vyaka vyaumaliro vya muwuso wa ŵakoloni, luso lwa ku Mozambique lukawoneseskanga nkhaza izo ŵakoloni ŵakachitiranga ŵanthu. Pamanyuma pa kujithemba mu 1975, luso lwamasono lukaŵa na nyengo yiphya. Ŵanthu ŵaŵiri awo ŵakumanyikwa comene na kuŵa na nkharo yiwemi ku Mozambique ni Malangatana Ngwenya na Alberto Chissano. Vinthu vinandi ivyo vikachitika mu vyaka vya m'ma 1980 na 1990 vikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakasuzgikanga pa nkhani za ndyali, nkhondo zaŵene, kusuzgika, njara, na kulimbana. Mu Mozambiki mose, kuvina ni kaluso kakuru comene. Pali mitundu yinandi ya kuvina kufuma ku fuko limoza kuya ku linyake. Mwaciyelezgero, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chopi ŵakucita maseŵero gha nkhondo uku ŵavwara vikumba vya nyama. Ŵanalume ŵa ku Makua ŵakuvwara vyakuvwara vyakupambanapambana na visalu apo ŵakuvina mu muzi kwa maora ghanandi. Ŵanakazi ŵa kumpoto kwa charu ichi ŵakwimba sumu ya tufo, kuti ŵakondwelere maholide gha Chisilamu.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Fitzpatrick | first = Mary | title = Mozambique | publisher = [[Lonely Planet]] | year = 2007 | page = 33 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=DVvRHCBtS9sC | isbn = 978-1-74059-188-1 | access-date = 20 June 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150905143708/https://books.google.com/books?id=DVvRHCBtS9sC | archive-date = 5 September 2015 | url-status = live }}</ref> ===Cuisine=== {{See also|Portuguese cuisine|Cuisine of Mozambique|African cuisine}} Pakuti Ŵapwitikizi ŵakhala mu caru ici kwa vilimika pafupifupi 500, cakurya ca ku Mozambique cikukhwaskika comene. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ndiwo ŵakiza na vyakurya nga ni maniyu (mphukira ya ku Brazil) na mtcheŵe (nthcheŵe za ku Brazil, nangauli ku Mozambique ndiko kukaŵa vyakurya vikuru comene), kweniso pãozinho. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ndiwo ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito vyakununkhira nga ni makuni gha bay, chili, coriander, anyezi, anyezi, paprika, chizi, vinyo, kweniso mbuto, mphoza, mbatata, mpunga, mpunga, na mkaka. ===Media=== [[File:Radio Moçambique (4106248049).jpg|thumb|right|Headquarters of Rádio Moçambique in [[KaMpfumo]] district of [[Maputo]] (photo 2009)]] Ŵapharazgi ŵa ku Mozambiki ŵakulongozgeka na boma. Manyuzipepara ghakusindikizgika bweka yayi chifukwa cha mtengo wake kweniso ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakumanya yayi kuŵazga na kulemba. Ŵanyake mwa manyuzipepara agho ghakupharazgika comene ni Noticias na Diário de Moçambique, kweniso Domingo. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakusangika ku Maputo. Ndalama zinandi na ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakusangirapo pa nkhani za malonda zikupelekeka ku manyuzipepara agho ghakukolerana na boma.<ref name="salgado">{{cite book |last=Salgado |first=Susana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WC3jBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 |title=The Internet and Democracy Building in Lusophone African Countries |publisher=Ashgate |year=2014 |isbn=9781409472933 |page=79 |access-date=15 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002207/https://books.google.com/books?id=WC3jBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 |archive-date=4 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ndigho ghakovwira comene pa nkhani ya vyakupharazga mu caru ici cifukwa ca umo ŵanthu ŵakucitira. Ma wayilesi gha boma ghakumanyikwa comene kuluska ma wayilesi gha ŵanthu. Ici cikulongoreka makora na wayilesi ya boma ya Rádio Moçambique, iyo njakutchuka comene mu caru ici. Likakhazikiskika pakati pajumpha nyengo yicoko waka kufuma apo Mozambique yikapokera wanangwa. Mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi agho ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakuwonelera ni STV, TIM, na TVM Televisão Moçambique. Ŵanthu awo ŵakuwonelera TV pa wayilesi na pa wayilesi ya satellite ŵakuwonelera ma TV ghanandi gha mu Africa, Asia, Brazil, na Europe.<ref>{{cite book|last=Berg|first=Jerome S.|title=Broadcasting on the Short Waves, 1945 to Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ux9fZj6izuEC&pg=PA221|publisher=McFarland|page=221|isbn=978-0786469024|date=24 October 2008|access-date=15 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002208/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ux9fZj6izuEC&pg=PA221|archive-date=4 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="salgado" /><ref name="salgado" /> === Sumo === Sumu za ku Mozambique zili na vilato vinandi. Vyakwimbira vikupangika na mawoko. Vyakwimbira vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakwimba ni viŵiya vya makuni na vikumba vya nyama; lupembe, cakwimbira ca makuni cakufuma ku masengwe gha vinyama; na marimba, mtundu unyake wa xylophone uwo uli ku Mozambique na vigaŵa vinyake vya mu Africa. Chiŵiya cha marimba ntchakumanyikwa chomene pakati pa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chopi awo ŵakukhala kumwera kwa charu ichi. ===National holidays=== {{Further|Public holidays in Mozambique}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! Siku !! National holiday designation !! Vyakulemba |- | 1 January || Universal fraternity day || New year |- | 3 February || Mozambican heroes day || In tribute to [[Eduardo Mondlane]] |- | 7 April || Mozambican women day || In tribute to [[Josina Machel]] |- | 1 May || International workers day || [[Workers' Day]] |- | 25 June || National Independence day || Independence proclamation in 1975 (from Portugal) |- | 7 September || Victory Day || In tribute to the [[Lusaka Accord]] signed in 1974 |- | 25 September || National Liberation Armed Forces Day || In tribute to the [[Mozambican War of Independence|start of the armed fight for national liberation]] |- | 4 October || Peace and Reconciliation || In tribute to the General Peace Agreement signed in Rome in 1992 |- | 25 December || Family Day || Christians also celebrate Christmas |} === Maseŵera === Mpira (Portuguese: futebol) ni maseŵero ghakumanyikwa comene mu Mozambique. Gulu la charu ichi ni timu ya ku Mozambique. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa maseŵero gha maseŵero ghakukhozga thupi na basketball. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa maseŵero agha, ndipo chiŵelengero chiwemi chomene cha timu iyi chikaŵa chachinayi pa FIRS Roller Hockey World Cup mu 2011. Gulu la mpira wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja la azimayi linamaliza 2nd ku 2018 ′′ 2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup. Mpikisano wa cricket wa ku Mozambique ndiwo ukusewera mu chalo ichi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mozambique defeat hosts Uganda in Olympic qualifier of women's beach volleyball|url=https://www.indiablooms.com/sports-details/SN/11488/mozambique-defeat-hosts-uganda-in-olympic-qualifier-of-women-s-beach-volleyball.html|access-date=7 January 2021 |work=India Blooms News Service |date=11 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Mozambique – Cultural institutions|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique/Cultural-institutions|access-date=21 January 2021|work=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]|date=26 January 2021|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026053343/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique/Cultural-institutions|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Wonaniso== {{Portal|Africa}} *[[Index of Mozambique-related articles]] *[[Outline of Mozambique]] == Ukaboni == {{Reflist}} ==Wonani vinandi== {{Refbegin}} *Abrahamsson, Hans, ''Mozambique: The Troubled Transition, from Socialist Construction to Free Market Capitalism'' London: Zed Books, 1995 *Bowen, Merle L., "The State against the Peasantry: Rural struggles in colonial and postcolonial Mozambique", Charlottesville & London, University Press of Virginia, 2000 *Cahen, Michel, ''Les bandits: un historien au Mozambique'', Paris: Gulbenkian, 1994 *Fialho Feliciano, José, "Antropologia económca dos Thonga do sul de Moçambique", Maputo, Arquivo Histórico de Moçamique, 1998 *Gengenbach, Heidi, "Binding Memories: Women as Makers and Tellers of History in Magude, Mozambique". Columbia University Press, 2004. [http://www.gutenberg-e.org/geh01/main.html Entire Text Online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326060841/http://www.gutenberg-e.org/geh01/main.html |date=26 March 2009 }} *Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Africa and America in The Sixties: A Decade That Changed The Nation and The Destiny of A Continent'', First Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, {{ISBN|978-0-9802534-2-9}} *Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era'', Third Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, "Chapter Seven: "The Struggle for Mozambique: The Founding of FRELIMO in Tanzania," pp.&nbsp;206–225, {{ISBN|978-0-9802534-1-2}} * Morier-Genoud, Eric, Cahen, Michel and do Rosário, Domingos M. (eds), ''The War Within New Perspectives on the Civil War in Mozambique, 1976–1992'' (Oxford: James Currey, 2018) * Morier-Genoud, Eric, "Mozambique since 1989: Shaping democracy after Socialism" in A.R.Mustapha & L.Whitfield (eds), ''Turning Points in African Democracy'', Oxford: James Currey, 2008, pp.&nbsp;153–166. *Newitt, Malyn, ''A History of Mozambique'' Indiana University Press. {{ISBN|1-85065-172-8}} *Pitcher, Anne, ''Transforming Mozambique: The politics of privatisation, 1975–2000'' Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002 *Varia, "Religion in Mozambique", ''LFM: Social sciences & Missions'' No. 17, December 2005 {{Refend}} ==Mabuku== * [[Mia Couto]], [[Sleepwalking Land]], 2006 * [[Laurent Gaudé]], ''Dans la nuit Mozambique'', [[Actes Sud]], 2007, {{ISBN|9782742767816}} * Michèle Manceaux, ''Les Femmes du Mozambique'', [[Mercure de France]], 1975 == Vigaŵa vya kuwalo == {{Sister project links|voy=Mozambique|d=Q1029}} '''Boma:''' *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719103603/http://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/ Republic of Mozambique] Official Government Portal '''Vyakulemba vinyake:''' *[http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/946981468287772139/Mozambique-then-and-now-an-atlas-of-socio-economic-statistics-1997-2007 Social Atlas] from [[World Bank]] *[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13890416 Country Profile] from [[BBC News]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210204143927/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique/ Mozambique]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081026035559/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mozambique.htm Mozambique] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' *{{curlie|Regional/Africa/Mozambique}} *{{wikiatlas|Mozambique}} *[http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MZ Key Development Forecasts for Mozambique] from [[International Futures]] '''Malo gha vyakuona:''' *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110921074338/http://www.niassareserve.org/ Niassa Reserve] Niassa National Reserve official website '''Umoyo:''' The State of the World's Midwifery – [http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/country_info/profile/en_Mozambique_SoWMy_Profile.pdf Mozambique Country Profile] {{Mozambique}} {{Mozambique topics}} {{Navboxes |list = {{Countries of Africa}} {{Indian Ocean}} {{Southern African Development Community}} {{Organisation of Islamic Cooperation|state=collapsed}} {{African Union}} {{Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP)|state=collapsed}} {{Commonwealth of Nations}} }} {{Authority control}} {{Coord|18|15|S|35|00|E|type:country_region:MZ|display=title}} [[Category:Mozambique| ]]<!--please leave the empty space as standard--> [[Category:East African countries]] [[Category:Southeast African countries]] [[Category:Southern African countries]] [[Category:Former Portuguese colonies]] [[Category:Least developed countries]] [[Category:Member states of the African Union]] [[Category:Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Member states of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries]] [[Category:Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]] [[Category:Member states of the United Nations]] [[Category:Countries and territories where Portuguese is an official language]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1975]] [[Category:Swahili-speaking countries and territories]] [[Category:Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:1975 establishments in Mozambique]] [[Category:Countries in Africa]] nunzstqhtjxkihcudhsn481osq1ojbz 121653 121652 2026-09-05T06:11:47Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Clean up 121653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Southeastern Africa}} {{about|the modern country since 1990|the former country from 1975 to 1990|People's Republic of Mozambique}} {{about|the country in Africa|other uses}} {{EngvarB|date=April 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republic of Mozambique | common_name = Mozambique | native_name = {{resize|88%|{{native name|pt|República de Moçambique}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Mozambique.svg | image_coat = Emblem of Mozambique.svg | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = | national_anthem = {{native name|pt|[[Pátria Amada]]|nolink=yes}}<br />"Beloved Homeland"<br /><div style="padding-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:Mozambican national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.wav]]}}</div> | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Mozambique (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File: Location Mozambique AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | map_caption = | capital = [[Maputo]] | coordinates = {{Coord|25|57|S|32|35|E|type:city_region:MZ}} | largest_city = [[Maputo]] | official_languages = [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] | regional_languages = [[Makhuwa language|Makhuwa]], [[Sena language|Sena]], [[Tsonga language|Tsonga]], [[Lomwe language|Lomwe]], [[Changana language|Changana]] | languages_type = | languages = | languages2_type = indigenous | ethnic_groups = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |99% [[Black people|Black African]]{{efn|Includes [[Makua people|Makhuwa]], [[Tsonga people|Tsonga]], [[Lomwe people|Lomwe]], [[Sena people|Sena]], and other African ethnic groups.}} |0.8% [[Mestiço]] |0.2% Other}} | ethnic_groups_ref = <ref>{{Citation |title=Mozambique |date=2022-09-23 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique/ |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |access-date=2022-10-04}}</ref> | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 | demonym = Mozambican | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Dominant-party system|dominant-party]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[republic]]<ref name="SpL">{{cite ssrn |last1=Neto |first1=Octávio Amorim |last2=Lobo |first2=Marina Costa |year=2010 |ssrn=1644026 |title=Between Constitutional Diffusion and Local Politics: Semi-Presidentialism in Portuguese-Speaking Countries}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=September 2005 |title=Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns |url= http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |journal= Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies |location=United States |publisher= University of California San Diego |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080819200307/http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |archive-date= 19 August 2008 |access-date= 20 August 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=December 2005 |title= Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns |journal =French Politics|volume=3 |issue=3 |pages= 323–351 |doi= 10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087 |s2cid=73642272 |quote= Of the contemporary cases, only four provide the assembly majority an unrestricted right to vote no confidence, and of these, only two allow the president unrestricted authority to appoint the prime minister. These two, Mozambique and Namibia, as well as the Weimar Republic, thus resemble most closely the structure of authority depicted in the right panel of Figure 3, whereby the dual accountability of the cabinet to both the president and the assembly is maximized. |doi-access=free }}</ref> | leader_title1 = [[List of Presidents of Mozambique|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Filipe Nyusi]] | leader_title2 = [[List of Prime Ministers of Mozambique|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Adriano Maleiane]] | leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[Assembly of the Republic (Mozambique)|Assembly President]]}} | legislature = {{nowrap|[[Assembly of the Republic (Mozambique)|Assembly of the Republic]]}} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Mozambique|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[Mozambican War of Independence|Independence]] from [[National Salvation Junta|Portugal]] | established_date1 = 25 June 1975 | established_event2 = [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 374|Admitted to the]] United Nations | established_date2 = 16 September 1975 | established_event3 = [[Mozambican Civil War]] | established_date3 = 1977–1992 | established_event4 = [[Constitution of Mozambique|Current constitution]] | established_date4 = 21 December 2004 | area_km2 = 801,590 | area_rank = 35th | area_sq_mi = 309,496 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 2.2 | population_estimate = 31,693,239<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Mozambique|access-date=24 September 2022|year=2022}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_estimate_rank = 46th | population_density_km2 = 28.7 | population_density_sq_mi = 74.3 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP = {{increase}}$48.0 billion<ref name="imf.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022|date=October 2022|website=IMF.org|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|access-date= October 11, 2022}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 121st | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}}$1,457<ref name="imf.org"/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 187th | GDP_nominal = {{increase}}$17.8 billion<ref name="imf.org"/> | GDP_nominal_rank = 128th | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $542<ref name="imf.org"/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 185th | Gini = 54.0 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2014 | Gini_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208203439/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |archive-date=8 December 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.446 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2021<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 185th | currency = [[Mozambican metical|Metical]] | currency_code = MZN | time_zone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | drives_on = left | calling_code = [[+258]] | cctld = [[.mz]] | official_website = {{url|www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz}} | footnotes = {{notelist}} | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |55.8% [[Christianity in Mozambique|Christianity]] |26.1% [[Traditional African religion|Traditional faith]]s |17.5% [[Islam in Mozambique|Islam]] |0.5% [[Irreligion|No religion]] |0.3% Other{{efn|Includes [[Judaism]], [[Hinduism]], and [[Baháʼí Faith|Baha’i]].}} }} | religion_year = 2020 | religion_ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=156c#IRFDEMOG|title=National Profiles|website=www.thearda.com}}</ref> | today = }} '''Mozambique''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|oʊ|z|æ|m|ˈ|b|iː|k}}; {{lang-pt|Moçambique}}, {{IPA-pt|musɐ̃ˈbikɨ|pron}}; {{lang-ny|Mozambiki}}; {{lang-sw|Msumbiji}}; {{lang-ts|Muzambhiki}}), mwaboma '''Charu cha Mozambiki''' ({{lang|pt|República de Moçambique}}, {{IPA-pt|ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ ðɨ musɐ̃ˈbikɨ|pron}}), ni chalo icho chili kumwera kwa Africa icho chili na mphaka na [[Indian Ocean]] kumafumiro gha dazi, [[Tanzania]] kumpoto, [[Malaŵi|Malawi]] na [[Zambia]] kumpoto-kumanjiliro gha dazi, [[Zimbabwe]] kumanjiliro gha dazi, na [[Eswatini]] na [[South Africa]] kumwera-kumanjiliro gha dazi. Charu ichi chili kutali na [[Comoros]], [[Mayotte]], na [[Madagascar]]. Msumba ukuru wa charu ichi ni [[Maputo]]. Kumpoto kwa Mozambiki kuli mphepo za mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ndipo nyengo zinyake kukuchitika vinthu vyakofya. Pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 700 na 1100, mu chigaŵa ichi mukaŵa misumba ghanandi gha ku dowoko. Kuumaliro wa vyaka vyapakati pa 500 na 1500 C.E., ŵamalonda ŵakufuma ku [[Somalia]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Egypt]], [[Arabia]], [[Persia]], na India ŵakendanga mu misumba agha.<ref>Newitt, M.D.D. "A Short History of Mozambique." Oxford University Press, 2017</ref> Mu 1498 apo Vasco da Gama wakaluta ku [[Spain]], Ŵapwitikizi ŵakiza. Pakati pajumpha vyaka vyakujumpha 400 kufuma apo charu cha [[Portugal]] chikambira kulamulira, charu cha Mozambique chikajiyimira paŵekha mu 1975. Pakati pajumpha vyaka viŵiri pera kufuma apo charu ichi chikapokera wanangwa, pakaŵa nkhondo ya pawenenawene iyo yikamara mu 1977 m'paka 1992. Mu 1994, Mozambiki wakacita viwoneskero vyakwambilira vya vyaru vinandi ndipo kufuma nyengo yira, chalo ici nchakukhora comene, nangauli nchali na ŵanthu awo ŵakuwukira boma. Charu cha Mozambique chili na vinthu vinandi vyakuthupi, kweni chuma chake chikuthemba pa somba, chomenechomene viyuni vyakututuŵa, viyuni vya mu viŵaya, na viyuni vya mu viŵaya. Ntchito ya kwendakwenda yikukura. Charu cha South Africa chikulutilira kuŵa munyawo wa Mozambique pa malonda.<ref>[https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/press-releases/african-development-bank-and-portugal-sign-eur-400-million-guarantee-agreement-underpin-lusophone-compact-54541 African Development Bank and Portugal sign EUR 400 million guarantee agreement to underpin Lusophone Compact, © 2022 African Development Bank, Amba Mpoke-Bigg, Retrieved 06.09.2022]</ref> Kwambira mu 2001, GDP ya Mozambique yikukura chomene, kweni ni yimoza mwa vyaru vikavu comene na vyambura kukura comene pa caru cose, ndipo yili pasi pa GDP pa munthu yumoza, kukura kwa ŵanthu, upusikizgi, na unandi wa umoyo.<ref name="CIA">{{CIA World Factbook|article=Mozambique|year=2007|access-date=22 May 2007}}</ref> Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu charu ichi ŵakukwana 30 miliyoni, ndipo ŵanandi mwa ŵanthu aŵa mba Bantu. Kweni chiyowoyero cha ku Mozambique ntchiyowoyero cha Chiphwitikizi, icho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuyowoya mu misumba. Viyowoyero vyakuzirwa comene ni Chitsonga, Makhuwa, Sena, Chichewa, na Chiswahili. Pa mabuku agha, pali viyowoyero 46 ivyo vikuyowoyeka mu charu ichi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glottolog 4.7 - Languages of Mozambique |url=https://glottolog.org/glottolog/language.map.html?country=MZ#5/-18.895/35.230 |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=glottolog.org}}</ref> Chisopa chikuru chomene mu Mozambiki ni Chikhristu, ndipo ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ŵakulondezga chisopa cha Chisilamu na visopa vinyake vya ku Africa. Charu cha Mozambique chili mu wupu wa United Nations, African Union, Commonwealth of Nations, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, Movement of Non-Aligned, Southern African Development Community, ndipo chili na wupu wa La Francophonie. ==Kwiza kwa zina== Ŵapwitikizi ŵakathya charu ichi Moçambique, kufuma ku zina lakuti Mussa Bin Bique panji Musa Al Big panji Mossa Al Bique panji Mussa Ben Mbiki panji Mussa Ibn Malik, uyo wakaŵa wamalonda wa ku Arabia. Msumba uwu ukaŵa msumba ukuru wa charu cha Portugal m'paka mu 1898, apo ukasamukira kumwera ku Lourenço Marques (uno ni Maputo).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100630040028/http://www.ilhademo.net/history.html History]. ilhademo.net</ref> ==Mbili== {{Main|History of Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique (3912235854).jpg|thumb|Nyanja ya Mozambique]] === Kusama kwa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu === {{Further|Bantu expansion}} Kwambira m'ma 1000 C.E., ŵanthu ŵakendanga chomene mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean m'paka ku Mozambique. Kwambira mu ma 800 C.E., ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuchita malonda mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ndipo ŵakazenga misumba ghanandi mumphepete mwa nyanja ya East Africa. Ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba agha ŵakaŵa ŵakujiyimira ŵekha, ndipo ŵakasambizganga chiyowoyero cha Chiswahili. Kanandi ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba ndiwo ŵakasopanga chisopa cha Ciisilamu. Ku Mozambique, Sofala, Angoche, na Chirwa cha Mozambique vikaŵa vyaru ivyo vikaŵa na mazaza mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500. Misumba agha ghakaguliskanga na ŵamalonda ŵa mu vyaru vya mukati mwa Africa na vigaŵa vinyake vya mu Nyanja ya Indian. Nthowa izo ŵanthu ŵakendangamo ŵakendanga na golide na zovu zikaŵa zakuzirwa comene. Vyaru vya mukati mwa caru nga ni Ufumu wa Zimbabwe na Ufumu wa Mutapa vikapelekanga golide na mino gha zovu ivyo ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga comene.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lyaya |first1=Edwinus Chrisantus |title=Metallurgy in Tanzania |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304036090 |website=ResearchGate |access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> === Mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Swahili === [[File:Slaves ruvuma.jpg|thumb|Ŵamalonda ŵa ŵazga Ŵachiarabu na Ŵaswahili pamoza na ŵakayidi ŵawo pa Mlonga wa Ruvuma]] Kwambira m'ma 1000 C.E., ŵanthu ŵakendanga chomene mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean m'paka ku Mozambique. Kwambira mu ma 800 C.E., ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuchita malonda mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ndipo ŵakazenga misumba ghanandi mumphepete mwa nyanja ya East Africa. Ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba agha ŵakaŵa ŵakujiyimira ŵekha, ndipo ŵakasambizganga chiyowoyero cha Chiswahili. Kanandi ŵanthu ŵa mu misumba ndiwo ŵakasopanga chisopa cha Ciisilamu. Ku Mozambique, Sofala, Angoche, na Chirwa cha Mozambique vikaŵa vyaru ivyo vikaŵa na mazaza mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500. Misumba agha ghakaguliskanga na ŵamalonda ŵa mu vyaru vya mukati mwa Africa na vigaŵa vinyake vya mu Nyanja ya Indian. Nthowa izo ŵanthu ŵakendangamo ŵakendanga na golide na zovu zikaŵa zakuzirwa comene. Vyaru vya mukati mwa caru nga ni Ufumu wa Zimbabwe na Ufumu wa Mutapa vikapelekanga golide na mino gha zovu ivyo ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga comene.<ref>Newitt, Malyn. "Mozambique Island: The Rise and Decline of an East African Coastal City" 2004.</ref> === Mozambique wa ku Portugal (1498-1975) === {{Further|Portuguese Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique n2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|left|Umo Chirwa cha Mozambique chiliri, msumba ukuru wa kumpoto kwa Mozambique uwo ukuzunulika mu mbiri ya caru ici]] [[File:Chapel of Nossa Senhora de Baluarte.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|left|[[Chapel of Nossa Senhora de Baluarte]]]] [[File:Fortaleza de São Sebastião-01.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|left|[[Fort São Sebastião]]]] Chirwa cha Mozambiki, icho charu ichi chili na zina lake, ni chirwa chichoko cha korali icho chili pa mulomo wa Mossuril Bay pa nyanja ya Nacala kumpoto kwa Mozambiki. Apo ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakafikanga ku Mozambique mu 1498, kukaŵa kale ŵanthu ŵa ku Arabia awo ŵakaguliskanga vinthu mumphepete mwa nyanja na pa virwa vinyake. Kwambira cha m'ma 1500, ŵamalonda ŵa ku Portugal ŵakamba kwendera mu nyanja za ku Europe. Apo Vasco da Gama wakazingilizga Cape of Good Hope mu 1498, ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakamba kuchita malonda, ndyali, na vinthu vinyake. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1530 C.E., ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ŵa ku Portugal awo ŵakaguliskanga na kupenja golide ŵakaluta mu vyaru vya mukati, ndipo ŵakazenga misasa ya ŵasilikari ku Sena na Tete pa mlonga wa Zambezi. Ku chigaŵa chapakati cha Mozambiki, Ŵapwitikizi ŵakayezga kuzomerezga na kukhozga malonda ghawo na malo agho ŵakakhalanga. Ŵakapelekanga charu ku ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu malo agho ŵakakhalanga, ndipo mu charu cha Mozambiki mukaŵa ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakendeskekanga na ŵanthu ŵakuchemeka prazeiros. Muzga uyo wakaŵa ku Mozambique wakaŵako pambere ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵandafike. Ŵalongozgi ŵa ku Africa ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga, ndipo ŵakamba na ŵamalonda ŵa ku Arab, awo ŵakatumanga ŵazga aŵa ku misumba na minda ya ku Middle East. Pakulutilira na malonda agha, ŵazga ŵakapelekekanga na ŵalongozgi ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakathereskanga mafuko gha ŵalwani ŵawo na kuguliska ŵazga ŵawo ku ŵazga ŵa ku Africa. Ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakakhalanga na mazaza gha ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa ŵazga. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafumanga ku Portugal na kuluta ku vyaru vinyake m'paka kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800. Nangauli pakwamba ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ndiwo ŵakakhumbanga kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵekha ndiwo ŵakhalenge mu vigaŵa ivi, kweni chifukwa cha kutorana na ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal, ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakamba kutemwana chomene.<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last1=Isaacman |first1=Allen |title=Arming Slaves: From Classical Times to the Modern Age |url=https://archive.org/details/armingslavesfrom0000unse |last2=Peterson |first2=Derek |date=2006 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-13485-8 |editor1-last=Brown |editor1-first=Christopher Leslie |pages=[https://archive.org/details/armingslavesfrom0000unse/page/95 95]–119 |chapter=Making the Chikunda: Military Slavery and Ethnicity in Southern Africa, 1750–1900 |doi=10.12987/yale/9780300109009.003.0005 |editor2-last=Morgan |editor2-first=Philip D.}}</ref><ref name="EBmoz">{{cite book |last1=Sheldon |first1=Kathleen Eddy |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique |title=Encyclopedia Britannica |last2=Penvenne |first2=Jeanne Marie |language=en |chapter=Mozambique: Arrival of the Portuguese |access-date=7 June 2021}}</ref>[[File:Lourenco-Marques-pc-c1905.jpg|thumb|Chilumba cha Mozambique, msumba wakale wa kumpoto kwa Mozambique na Central Avenue ku Lourenço Marques, sono Maputo, ca. 1905]] Nangauli Ŵapwitikizi ŵakalutilira kuŵa na mazaza pa charu ichi, kweni ŵakaŵa na mazaza ghachoko waka. Ŵapwitikizi ŵakathereska malonda ghanandi gha mu nyanja kufuma ku Ŵasilamu Ŵaciarabu pakati pa 1500 na 1700, kweni apo Ŵasilamu Ŵaciarabu ŵakathereska msumba wakuzirwa wa Portugal wa Fort Jesus pa Cirwa ca Mombasa (uno mu Kenya) mu 1698, vinthu vikamba kusintha. Cifukwa ca ici, ndalama zikanjiramo yayi mu vyaru vinyake, ndipo Lisbon wakajipeleka comene pa malonda na India na vyaru vya ku Far East. Ŵaarabu ŵa ku Mazrui na Oman ŵakapoka malo ghanandi agho ŵakaguliskiranga vinthu mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kusuzgika chomene, kweni ŵanyake ŵakapona. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, maboma ghanyake gha ku Europe, chomenechomene gha Britain (British South Africa Company) na France (Madagascar), ghakamba kuchita malonda na ndyali za mu chigaŵa ichi. Kalasi la kusindikizga mabuku na kuŵika malemba mu Ciphwitikizi, 1930 Kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1900, Ŵapwitikizi ŵakamba kulamulira chigaŵa chikuru cha Mozambiki na kupeleka ku makampani ghakurughakuru nga ni Mozambique Company, Zambezia Company, na Niassa Company, agho ghakaŵa na ndalama za ku Britain nga ni Solomon Joel. Nangauli mu Mozambiki mukaŵa dango lakulekeska wuzga, kweni kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, makampani gha vyamalonda ghakamba kugwiliskira nchito ŵanthu awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mwakucicizgika. Kampani ya Zambezia, iyo yikaŵa yakovwira comene, yikatora malo ghacoko waka gha ŵanthu ŵa ku prazeiro na kuzenga malo gha ŵasilikari kuti ŵavikilire katundu wawo. Makampani agha ghakazenga misewu na madoko kuti ŵagulire katundu wawo, kusazgapo njanji iyo yikakolerananga na charu cha Zimbabwe na dowoko la Beira ku Mozambique. Cifukwa ca kuleka kucita makora vinthu na kusintha kwa boma la Oliveira Salazar, la Estado Novo, kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵalutilire kulamulira chuma cha Ufumu wa Portugal, makampani agha ghakaŵaso na wanangwa wakucita vinthu vinyake. Ivi ndivyo vikacitika mu 1942 na kampani ya Mozambique Company, iyo yikalutilira kugwira nchito mu vyalo vya ulimi na malonda nga ni wupu. Mu 1951, vyaru ivyo vikaŵa pasi pa Portugal ku Africa vikazgoka vigaŵa vya ku Portugal.<ref name="The Cambridge history of Africa">[https://books.google.com/books?id=zywkdNMeltkC&pg=PA495&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique#PPA496,M1 The Cambridge history of Africa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214003714/https://books.google.com/books?id=zywkdNMeltkC&pg=PA495&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique#PPA496,M1|date=14 December 2019}}, The Cambridge history of Africa, John Donnelly Fage, A. D. Roberts, Roland Anthony Oliver, Edition: Cambridge University Press, 1986, {{ISBN|0-521-22505-1}}, {{ISBN|978-0-521-22505-2}}</ref><ref name="The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825-1975">[https://books.google.com/books?id=LA28AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA100&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825–1975] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123044105/https://books.google.com/books?id=LA28AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA100&dq=chartered+companies+mozambique|date=23 November 2019}}, The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825–1975: A Study in Economic Imperialism, W. G. Clarence-Smith, Edition: Manchester University Press ND, 1985, {{ISBN|0-7190-1719-X}}, 9780719017193</ref><ref>[http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090928143505/http%3A//digitarq%2Edgarq%2Egov%2Ept/default%2Easpx?page%3DregShow%26ID%3D1117748%26searchMode%3Dlf Agência Geral do Ultramar]. dgarq.gov.pt</ref> Ku Mueda, pa June 16, 1960, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakomeka, ndipo ichi chikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Makonde ŵambe kulimbana kuti ŵajiyimire ŵekha. ===Mozambican War of Independence (1964–1975)=== {{Main|Mozambican War of Independence}} [[File:Sempreatentos...aoperigo!.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Portugal pa Nkhondo ya ku Portugal, ŵanyake ŵakanyamura katundu wa FN FAL na G3]] Apo visambizgo vya Chikomyunizimu na vyakwimikana na ufumu vikasazgikira mu Africa mose, magulu ghanandi gha ndyali ghakasangika kuti ghakhozge wanangwa wa Mozambique. Magulu agha ghakatenge chifukwa chakuti boma likakhumbanga kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique awo ŵakaŵa Ŵapwitikizi ndiwo ŵasange chandulo na ndondomeko iyi, ntheura ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga yayi kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵalutilire kukolerana na mafuko ghawo. Kuyana na ivyo ŵasilikari ŵakayowoya, ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakakhalanga mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakasuzgika chomene chifukwa cha kusankhana mitundu. Ŵanandi ŵakawonanga kuti ŵalije mwaŵi panji ndalama zinandi zakukwana kuti ŵasambizgike makora ntchito na kusintha umoyo wawo wa vyachuma na wa ŵanthu. Kuyana na maukaboni, Ŵapwitikizi ŵazungu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakaŵa ŵasambazi comene ndiposo ŵakumanya vinandi kuluska ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yinyake. Pakuzgora ku gulu la ŵasilikari, boma la Portugal likamba kusintha vinthu mu ma 1960 na kuuyambiro wa ma 1970. Gulu lakucemeka Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) likambiska nkhondo yakwimikana na boma la Portugal mu Seputembala 1964. Nkhondo iyi pamoza na zinyake ziŵiri izo zikacitika kale mu vyaru vinyake vya Portugal nga ni Angola na Guinea, yikaŵa cigaŵa ca nkhondo ya ku Portugal (1961-1974). Kuyana na umo ŵasilikari ŵakawoneranga vinthu, ŵasilikari ŵa ku Portugal ŵakalutilira kulamulira malo agho ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga, apo ŵasilikari ŵa ku Portugal ŵakayezga kuti ŵaleke kuŵa na mazaza pa ŵanthu ŵa ku mizi na mafuko agho ghakaŵa kumpoto na kumanjiliro gha dazi. Pakuzgora ku FRELIMO, boma la Portugal likamba kuŵika mtima comene pa kulenga vinthu vyakukondweska kuti vinthu vyendenge makora pa umoyo wa ŵanthu na kuti vinthu visinthe.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HegjL_5tD6o |title=CD do Diário de Notícias – Parte 08 |via=YouTube |access-date=2 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317125157/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HegjL_5tD6o |archive-date=17 March 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> === Kujiyimira (1975) === FRELIMO yikapoka mazaza pa cigaŵa ici pamanyuma pa vilimika 10 vya nkhondo, kweniso apo caru ca Portugal cikawelera ku demokilase pamanyuma pa kuwa kwa boma la Estado Novo mu April 1974 na kupoka boma pa Novembala 25, 1975. Mu caka cimoza, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal ŵakukwana 250,000 ŵakafumako ku Mozambique. Ŵanyake ŵakacimbizgika na boma la caru ici, ŵanyake ŵakafumamo mu caru ici kuti ŵaleke kukomeka na boma la ku Mozambique. Dango likapelekeka na Armando Guebuza wa chipani cha FRELIMO, uyo wakaŵa wambura kumanyikwa chomene. Ŵakati ŵatondeka kusanga ndalama, ŵanandi ŵakawelera ku Portugal kwambura ndalama.<ref>Couto, Mia (April 2004). [http://mondediplo.com/2004/04/15mozambique Carnation revolution] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502222825/https://mondediplo.com/2004/04/15mozambique |date=2 May 2019 }}. ''Le Monde diplomatique''</ref> === Nkhondo Yachikaya ku Mozambique (1977-1992) === {{Main|People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambican Civil War}} [[File:Land mine victim 2 (4364914733).jpg|thumb|left|Munthu uyo wakadumulika mabomba ku Mozambique]] Boma liphya la Pulezidenti Samora Machel likakhazikiska boma la chipani cimoza lakujintha pa fundo za Marx. Wakapokera wovwiri wa ŵasilikari na wa ŵasilikari kufuma ku Cuba na Soviet Union, ndipo wakamba kukanizga ŵanthu awo ŵakasuskanga boma ili. Pakati pa 1977 na 1992, caru ici cikakhwaskika na nkhondo ya cikaya iyo yikacitika pakati pa gulu lakulimbana na boma la Mozambique (RENAMO) na boma la Frelimo. Nkhondo iyi ndiyo yikaŵa yikuru comene mu vyaka vyakwambilira apo Mozambique yikaŵa na wanangwa wa kujilongozga, ndipo yikaŵa pamoza na vinthu vyakofya ivyo vikacitikanga mu vyaru vyapafupi nga ni Rhodesia na South Africa. Nyengo iyi yikaŵaso na ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal na ŵa ku Mozambique, vinthu vikaŵayendera makora yayi, boma likagwiliskiranga ntchito ndalama zinandi yayi pakupanga vinthu vinyake, ndipo likagwiliskiranga ntchito maboma gha ŵanthu ŵekha. Mu nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, boma la FRELIMO likatondeka kulamulira vinthu mu misumba agho ghakaŵa kutali na msumba. Vigaŵa ivyo vikulongozgeka na RENAMO vikaŵa na vigaŵa vyakujumpha 50 pa vigaŵa vyose vya ku mizi mu vigaŵa vinandi. Suzgo likakura comene apo boma likadumulizga ndalama izo likagwiliskiranga ntchito pa vya cipatala. Nkhondo iyi yikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakuswa wanangwa wa ŵanthu ku vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Boma likakoma ŵanthu masauzandi ghanandi apo likakhumbanga kuti liwusenge caru cose, ndipo likatuma ŵanthu ŵanandi ku "misasa yakusambizgirako ŵanthu" uko ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwira.<ref name="autogenerated1">[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB14.1C.GIF Table 14.1C Centi-Kilo Murdering States: Estimates, Sources and Calculations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011172148/http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB14.1C.GIF|date=11 October 2017}}. hawaii.edu</ref>[[File:RhodesiaAllies1975.png|thumb|Umo vinthu vikaŵira mu caru mu 1975; vyaru ivyo vikukolerana na FRELIMO vili pa lalanje.]] Mu nyengo ya nkhondo, RENAMO yikapeleka fundo yakuti vyaru vya kumpoto na vya kumanjiliro gha dazi vipatuke na kuzgoka Rombesia, kweni FRELIMO yikakana. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 1 miliyoni ku Mozambique ŵakafwa pa nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, ŵanthu 1.7 miliyoni ŵakachimbilira ku vyaru vyapafupi. Boma la FRELIMO likapelekaso malo ghakubisamamo na wovwiri ku ŵanthu ŵakugaluka ŵa ku South Africa (African National Congress) na Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe African National Union), apo maboma gha Rhodesia na South Africa ghakawovwira RENAMO mu nkhondo ya pawenenawene. Ŵanthu pakati pa 300,000 na 600,000 ŵakafwa na njara. Pa 19 Okutobala 1986, Machel wakaweranga ku Zambia kufuma ku ungano wa vyaru vyakupambanapambana mu ndege ya Pulezidenti ya Tupolev Tu-134 apo ndege iyi yikawa mu mapiri gha Lebombo kufupi na Mbuzini mu chigaŵa cha Mpumalanga ku South Africa. Pakaŵa ŵanthu 10 awo ŵakapona, kweni Pulezidenti Machel na ŵanyake 33 ŵakafwa, kusazgapo ŵantchito ŵa boma la Mozambique. Wupu wa United Nations uwo ukafumanga ku Soviet, ukalemba lipoti ilo likati ŵanthu ŵa ku South Africa ndiwo ŵakananga ivyo iwo ŵakamanyanga. Ŵalara ŵa boma la Soviet Union ŵakayowoya kuti ndege iyi ŵakayisintha mwadala na mboniwoni yautesi iyo yikapelekeka na boma la South Africa.<ref name="TRC">{{cite web |title=Special Investigation into the death of President Samora Machel |work=[[Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)|Truth and Reconciliation Commission]] Report, vol.2, chapter 6a |url=http://www.news24.com/Content_Display/TRC_Report/2chap6a.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060413084020/http://www.news24.com/Content_Display/TRC_Report/2chap6a.htm |archive-date=13 April 2006 |access-date=18 June 2006}}</ref> Joaquim Chissano uyo wakanjira m'malo mwa Machel, wakasintha vinthu vinandi mu charu ichi, ndipo wakamba kusintha vinthu nga nkhufumako ku visambizgo vya Marxist kuya ku vya capitalism. Ndondomeko yiphya ya boma iyo yikaŵako mu 1990 yikati pali maboma ghanandi, chuma cha msika, kweniso mavoti gha wanangwa. Nkhondo iyi yikamara mu Okutobala 1992 apo ŵakacita phangano la mtende la Rome General Peace Accords. Mu Mozambique mukaŵaso mtende, ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa United Nations ndiwo ŵakalongozganga.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110516080313/http://popp.gmu.edu/resource-bk/mission/onumoz.html UNITED NATIONS OPERATION IN MOZAMBIQUE]. popp.gmu.edu</ref><ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet">{{citation-attribution|{{Cite web |title=Mozambique (07/02) |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/mozambique/26477.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011103/https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/mozambique/26477.htm |archive-date=2 July 2018 |access-date=1 July 2018 |work=U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets/Background Notes |publisher=U.S. Department of State}}}}</ref> === Nyengo ya demokilase (1993~pano) === [[File:Helicopter over flooded Central Mozambique.jpg|thumb|Helikopita ya ku America yikuwuluka pa mlonga wa Limpopo uwo ukazura na maji mu chaka cha 2000 ku Mozambique]] Mu 1994, ku Mozambique kukaŵa maungano gha vyaru ivyo vikazomerezga kuti maungano agha ngawanangwa kweniso ngaurunji. FRELIMO wakatonda, mwakulongozgeka na Joaquim Chissano, apo RENAMO, mwakulongozgeka na Afonso Dhlakama, wakathereska ŵalwani ŵake. Mu 1995, Mozambiki wakanjira mu wupu wa Commonwealth of Nations, ndipo pa nyengo iyo ukaŵa yekha mu wupu uwu uwo ukaŵa kuti undaŵepo mu ufumu wa Britain. Kuzakafika pakati pa 1995, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1.7 miliyoni awo ŵakapenja ciphokwero mu vyaru vyapafupi ŵakawelera ku Mozambique. Ŵanthu ŵanyake 4 miliyoni awo ŵakacimbira kwawo ŵakawelera ku vikaya vyawo. Mu Disembala 1999, ku Mozambique kukaŵa mavoti ghaciŵiri kufuma apo nkhondo ya mukati mu caru yikambira. Wupu wa RENAMO ukadandawura kuti FRELIMO ngwakupusika ndipo ukati uzamuweleraso ku nkhondo, kweni ukagongowa pamanyuma pakuti wakaluta ku Khoti Likuru Chomene. Kukwambilira kwa chaka cha 2000, chimphepo chikuru chikachitiska kuti maji ghatutuke, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwa. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakagomezganga kuti ŵalongozgi ŵa FRELIMO ndiwo ŵakakhumbanga kupeleka wovwiri ku vyaru vinyake. Mulembi wa nyuzipepara Carlos Cardoso, uyo wakacitanga kafukufuku pa nkhani iyi, wakakomeka, ndipo palije uyo wakalongosora cifukwa ico wakafwira.<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 March 2002|title=Attacks on the Press 2001: Mozambique|url=https://cpj.org/2002/03/attacks-on-the-press-2001-mozambique/|access-date=12 November 2020|website=Committee to Protect Journalists|language=en-US|archive-date=1 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301040145/https://cpj.org/2002/03/attacks-on-the-press-2001-mozambique/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mu 2001, Chissano wakadandawura chomene na ŵalongozgi awo ŵakakhalapo nyengo yitali kuluska iyo, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakaghanaghananga kuti wakuyowoya vya Frederick Chiluba, uyo pa nyengo iyo wakaghanaghananga vya nyengo yachitatu, kweniso Robert Mugabe, uyo pa nyengo iyi wakaŵa na nyengo yachinayi. Chisankho cha purezidenti na cha National Assembly chikachitika pa 1 na 2 Disembala 2004. Wapampando wa FRELIMO Armando Guebuza wakathereska na mavoti 64% ndipo Dhlakama wakapokera 32% ya mavoti. FRELIMO yikasanga vithuzithuzi 160 mu Nyumba ya Malamulo, ndipo mabungwe ghanyake gha RENAMO na ghanyake ghacoko ghakasanga vithuzithuzi 90 ivyo vikakhalapo. Guebuza wakimikika kuŵa purezidenti wa Mozambique pa 2 February 2005 ndipo wakagwira ma mandamu ghaŵiri gha vyaka vinkhondi. Uyo wakamulondezga, Filipe Nyusi, wakaŵa purezidenti wachinayi wa Mozambique pa 15 January 2015. Kufuma mu 2013 m'paka mu 2019, gulu la RENAMO likawukira chomene mu chigaŵa chapakati na kumpoto kwa charu ichi. Pa Seputembala 5, 2014, Guebuza na Dhlakama ŵakasayina phangano lakukanizga nkhondo, ilo likamazga nkhondo na kuzomerezga magulu ghose ghaŵiri kuti ghaŵike mtima pa maungano gha boma agho ghachitikenge mu Okutobala 2014. Ndipouli, pamanyuma pa maungano ghakuru, pakawuka suzgo linyake la ndyali. RENAMO wakakana kuzomerezga kuti mavoti gha mavoti ngaunenesko ndipo wakapempha kuti waŵe na mazaza pa vigaŵa vinkhondi na cimoza, Nampula, Niassa, Tete, Zambezia, Sofala, na Manica, uko ŵakayowoya kuti ŵali na mazaza ghanandi. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 12,000 ŵakachimbilira ku Malawi. Wupu wa UNHCR, wa Doctors Without Borders, na wa Human Rights Watch, ukati ŵasilikari ŵa boma ŵakawotcha mizi na kukoma ŵanthu na kuŵachitira nkhaza. Mu Okutobala 2019, purezidenti Filipe Nyusi wakasankhikaso pamanyuma pakutonda pa chisankho. FRELIMO yikasanga vithuzithuzi 184, RENAMO vithuzithuzi 60 ndipo chipani cha MDM chikapokera vithuzithuzi 6 ivyo vikakhalako mu Nyumba ya Malango. Ŵakususka ŵakazomerezga yayi maucimi agha cifukwa cakuti ŵakayowoya kuti pakaŵa upusikizgi. FRELIMO yikasanga wanandi wa vigaŵa viŵiri mwa vigaŵa vitatu mu nyumba ya malango ico cikamovwira kuti wasinthe dango la boma kwambura kuzomerezgeka na ŵakususka. Kuyambira 2017, dzikoli lakumana ndi kuwukira kwa magulu achisilamu.<ref>{{cite web | title='Jihadists behead' Mozambique villagers | website=BBC News | date=29 May 2018 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44289512 | access-date=11 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613065006/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44289512 | archive-date=13 June 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Religious unrest in Mozambique – in pictures | website=the Guardian | date=30 August 2019 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2019/aug/30/religious-unrest-in-mozambique-in-pictures | access-date=11 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111170314/https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2019/aug/30/religious-unrest-in-mozambique-in-pictures | archive-date=11 November 2019 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Mozambique country profile | website=BBC News | date=19 March 2019 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13890416 | access-date=11 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110063053/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13890416 | archive-date=10 November 2019 | url-status=live }}</ref> Mu Seputembala 2020, ŵakugaluka ŵa ISIL ŵakakora na kutora kanyengo kachoko waka Chirwa cha Vamizi mu Nyanja ya Indian. Mu Malichi 2021, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakomeka ndipo ŵanyakeso 35,000 ŵakachimbizgika mu nyumba zawo apo ŵakugaluka ŵa Chisilamu ŵakatora msumba wa Palma. Mu Disembala 2021, ŵanthu pafupifupi 4,000 ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakachimbira mu vikaya vyawo pamanyuma pa kutikitira kwa nkhondo ya jihadist mu Niassa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Thousands flee Niassa as jihadist attacks spread to other parts of Mozambique|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/Africa/News/thousands-flee-niassa-as-jihadist-attacks-spread-to-other-parts-of-mozambique-20211231|access-date=2021-12-31|website=News24|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Makhalilo== {{Main|Geography of Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique sat.png|thumb|upright|Satellite image]] Mu charu ichi muli vyaru vinandi chomene. Charu cha Mozambique chili kumwera kwa Africa ndipo chili na vyaru nga ni Eswatini kumwera, South Africa kumwera kwa mpoto, Zimbabwe kumanjiliro gha dazi, Zambia na Malawi kumpoto kwa mpoto, Tanzania kumpoto na Indian Ocean kumafumiro gha dazi. Charu cha Mozambique chili pakati pa 10° na 27° kumwera, kweniso 30° na 41° kumafumiro gha dazi. Charu ichi chili kugaŵika vigaŵa viŵiri na Mlonga wa Zambezi. Kumpoto kwa Mlonga wa Zambezi, mumphepete mwa nyanja muli tumapiri. Malo gha mapiri ghatali ghali kumanjiliro gha dazi; ghakuphatikizapo mapiri gha Niassa, Namuli panji Shire, Angonia, Tete na Makonde, agho ghali na makuni gha miombo. Kumwera kwa Mlonga wa Zambezi, malo ghapasi ghali na mapiri gha Mashonaland na Lebombo. Mu caru ici muli milonga yikuruyikuru yinkhondi na yinyake yichoko. Mu charu ichi muli nyanja zinayi: Niassa (panji Malawi), Chiuta, Cahora Bassa, na Shirwa. misumba ghakuru ni Maputo, Beira, Nampula, Tete, Quelimane, Chimoio, Pemba, Inhambane, Xai-Xai na Lichinga.<gallery mode="packed" caption="Geography of Mozambique"> File:Ghost mountain mkuze sunset.jpg|[[Lebombo Mountains]] File:Gorongosa - Gogogo peak. (4403966914).jpg|[[Gorongosa National Park]] File:Beach cleaning.jpg|[[Island of Mozambique]] File:Mt Binga Mozambique.JPG|[[Monte Binga]] File:Ponta do Ouro in the morning.jpg|[[Ponta do Ouro]] </gallery> ===Nyengo=== {{Main|Climate of Mozambique}} [[File:Koppen-Geiger Map MOZ present.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Mozambique map of Köppen climate classification zones]] Ku Mozambique kuli mphepo yakotcha ndipo nyengo zake ni ziŵiri: nyengo ya vula kufuma mu Okutobala m'paka Malichi na nyengo ya chilangalanga kufuma mu Epulero m'paka Seputembala. Kweni nyengo yikupambana kuyana na malo agho munthu wakukhala. Ku chigaŵa cha mumphepete mwa nyanja kukulokwa chomene ndipo kumpoto na kumwera kukulokwa pachoko. Mvula ya chaka chilichose yikuthika kufuma pa 500 mpaka 900 mm (19.7 m'paka 35.4 inchi) kuyana na chigaŵa, ndipo pafupifupi 590 mm (23.2 inchi). Nyengo ya chivula yikwiza chomene. Mu mwezi wa Julayi, ku Maputo kukuzizima chomene, ndipo mu Febuluwale kukuzizima chomene. Mu 2019 Mozambique yikaŵa na vula ya chimphepo yakuchemeka Idai na Kenneth.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Walsh |first1=Declan |title=Amid a Cyclone's Floods and Destruction, Mozambique Finds Shards of Hope |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/20/world/africa/mozambique-cyclone-idai-aid.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=World |access-date=20 April 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=20 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420212249/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/20/world/africa/mozambique-cyclone-idai-aid.html%3Faction%3Dclick%26module%3DWell%26pgtype%3DHomepage%26section%3DWorld |archive-date=20 April 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Vyamoyo=== {{Main|Wildlife of Mozambique}} {{See also|Category:Flora of Mozambique|List of marine molluscs of Mozambique|List of non-marine molluscs of Mozambique}} Mu Mozambique muli viyuni 740 ivyo vili na mitundu 20 iyo yili pangozi kweniso mitundu yiŵiri iyo yikusangika mu vyaru vinyake. Vinyake mwa vyaru ivi ni vyakumera 13, malo ghankhondi na ghaŵiri ghakusungirako vyamoyo, malo ghankhondi na limoza ghakusungirako vyamoyo, malo ghankhondi na limoza ghakusungirako vyamoyo, malo ghankhondi na ghatatu ghakusungirako vyamoyo, na malo ghankhondi na ghatatu ghakusungirako vyamoyo. Charu ichi chili na chiŵelengero cha 6.93/10 pa charu chose pa vyaru 172.<ref name="FLII-Supplementary">{{cite journal|last1=Grantham|first1=H. S.|last2=Duncan|first2=A.|last3=Evans|first3=T. D.|last4=Jones|first4=K. R.|last5=Beyer|first5=H. L.|last6=Schuster|first6=R.|last7=Walston|first7=J.|last8=Ray|first8=J. C.|last9=Robinson|first9=J. G.|last10=Callow|first10=M.|last11=Clements|first11=T.|last12=Costa|first12=H. M.|last13=DeGemmis|first13=A.|last14=Elsen|first14=P. 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M.|display-authors=1|title=Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material|journal=Nature Communications|volume=11|issue=1|year=2020|page=5978|issn=2041-1723|doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|pmid=33293507|pmc=7723057|bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5978G |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ndale == {{Main|Politics of Mozambique}} [[File:Filipe Nyusi.jpg|thumb|left|President [[Filipe Nyusi]]]] [[File:Conselho Municipal de Maputo frente.jpg|thumb|left|Maputo City Hall]] Dango la Mozambique likuti pulezidenti wa charu ni mulongozgi wa boma, mulongozgi wa boma, mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari, ndiposo chimanyikwiro cha umoza wa charu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Article 119 |url=https://cdn.accf-francophonie.org/2019/03/mozambique_const-en.pdf |website=Constitution of the Republic of Mozambique}}</ref> Wakusankhika mwadunjika kwa nyengo ya vilimika vinkhondi mwa kuvota kwaciŵiri; usange palije uyo wakupokera mavoti ghakujumpha hafu mu cigaŵa cakwamba, cigaŵa caciŵiri ca mavoti cizamucitika umo ŵekha awo ŵapokera mavoti ghanandi mu cigaŵa cakwamba ndiwo ŵazamunjira. Nduna yikuru yikusoleka na pulezidenti. Wakuwungana na kulongozga wupu wa nduna (cabinet), wakupeleka ulongozgi kwa pulezidenti, wakovwira pulezidenti kuwusa caru, na kwendeska milimo ya ŵalaŵiliri ŵanyake. Nyumba ya Ufumu yili na mamembara 250. Ŵeruzgi ŵali na Khoti Likuru Chomene, makhoti gha vigaŵa, na gha boma. Boma la Mozambique lili na ŵasilikari ŵacoko waka awo ŵakugwira nchito ya kuvikilira caru, awo ni mawumba gha Mozambique Defence Armed Forces. === Ubale na vyaru vinyake === {{Main|Foreign relations of Mozambique}} [[File:Embassy of Mozambique, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|upright|Kazembe wa Mozambique ku Washington, D.C.]] Nangauli ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakalutilira kugomezgeka ku boma ili kufuma waka apo likambiranga nkhondo ya kufwatuka, kweni ndyali za charu ichi zikulutilira kusintha. Ndime ziŵiri za ndyali za Mozambique ni kusungilira ubwezi uwemi na ŵazengezgani ŵake ndiposo kusungilira na kusazgirako ubwezi na ŵanyawo. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na kuuyambiro wa m'ma 1980, ndyali ya Mozambique yikakhwaskika na nkhondo ya ku Rhodesia na South Africa. Cifukwa cakuti Mozambiki wakazomerezga yayi kuti Rhodesia yende pa nyanja, boma la Ian Smith likamba kulimbana nayo. Nangauli boma la Zimbabwe likati lasintha mu 1980, likawuskapo suzgo ili, kweni boma la South Africa likalutilira kusuzga Mozambique. Mozambiki nayo wakaŵa mu gulu la vyaru ivyo vikaŵa ku nkhondo. Phangano la Nkomati ilo likachitika mu 1984, likati latondeka kumazga wovwiri wa RENAMO ku South Africa, likajura nthowa zakwamba pakati pa maboma gha Mozambique na South Africa. Ndondomeko iyi yikalutilira apo boma la South Africa likamazga muwuso wa apartheid. Nangauli nyengo zinyake vinthu vikusuzga ku Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia, na Tanzania, kweni Mozambique yikulutilira kukolerana na vyaru ivi.<ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet" /> Mu vilimika vyakulondezgapo, Mozambique wakapokera wovwiri ukuru kufuma ku vyaru vinyake vya ku Western, comenecomene ku Scandinavia. Soviet Union na ŵabwezi ŵake ndiwo ŵakateŵeteranga Mozambiki pa nkhani za cuma, nkhondo, na ndyali. Ivi vikamba kusintha mu 1983; mu 1984 Mozambique wakanjira mu Banki ya Caru Cose na International Monetary Fund. Mwaluŵiro wovwiri wa vyaru vya Scandinavia nga ni Sweden, Norway, Denmark, na Iceland, ukasinthira wovwiri wa Soviet. Finland na Netherlands vikuŵa vyakurya vyakuzirwa comene pa nkhani ya wovwiri. Charu cha Italy nacho chili na mazaza mu Mozambique cifukwa ca mulimo uwo cikacita pa mtende. Ubwezi na caru ca Portugal, ico kale cikaŵa na mazaza pa caru ici, ukuŵa wakuzirwa comene cifukwa cakuti awo ŵakuguliska ndalama ku Portugal ŵakovwira comene pa cuma ca Mozambique.<ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet" /> [[File:Prime Minister Narendra Modi meets members of Indian Community in Mozambique.jpg|thumb|Prime Minister wa India Narendra Modi wakumana na banthu ŵa India mu Mozambique, 7 July 2016.]] Mozambique njumoza wa vyaru ivyo vikwendera lumoza yayi na vyaru vinyake ivyo vili ku Africa. Mozambique nayo wali mu wupu wa African Union na Southern African Development Community. Mu 1994, boma la Iran likazgoka ciŵaro ca wupu wa Islamic Conference, kuti likhozgere ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yose, kweniso kuti likondweske Ŵasilamu ŵanandi ŵa mu caru ici. Mwakuyana waka, mu 1995, Mozambique nayo wakajibatika ku vyaru vinyake ivyo vikuyowoya Cingelezi. Pa nyengo iyo, ndiyo yikaŵa yimoza mwa vyaru ivyo vikaŵa mu Commonwealth kweni vikaŵa vigaŵa vya Ufumu wa Britain yayi. Mu chaka chenechichi, Mozambique yikaŵa yumoza wa awo ŵakambiska na kuŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa Wupu Wakulongozga wa vyaru ivyo vikuyowoya Ciphwitikizi.<ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet" /> === Human rights === {{Main article|Human rights in Mozambique}} {{See also|Human trafficking in Mozambique}} Mu 2015, boma likazomerezga kugonana kwa ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha. Ndipouli, kusankhana pakati pa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa LGBT ku Mozambique nkhukuru.<ref>{{cite news |date=29 March 2016 |title=Mozambique's enduring discrimination leaves gay men untreated for HIV |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/mar/29/mozambiques-enduring-discrimation-leaves-gay-men-untreated-for-hiv |url-status=live |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817102833/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/mar/29/mozambiques-enduring-discrimation-leaves-gay-men-untreated-for-hiv |archive-date=17 August 2019}}</ref> == Administrative divisions == {{Main|Provinces of Mozambique|Districts of Mozambique|Postos of Mozambique}} Charu cha Mozambique chili na vigaŵa 10 (provincias) na msumba ukuru umoza (cidade capital). Vigaŵa ivi vili kugaŵika vigaŵa 129. Vigaŵa ivi vili kugaŵikana mu vigaŵa 405 (postos administrativos) na vigaŵa viŵiri (localidades). Pali "municipios" 53. {| border="0" |style="vertical-align:middle;"| #[[Niassa Province|Niassa]] #[[Cabo Delgado Province|Cabo Delgado]] #[[Nampula Province|Nampula]] #[[Tete Province|Tete]] #[[Zambezia Province|Zambezia]] #[[Manica Province|Manica]] #[[Sofala Province|Sofala]] #[[Gaza Province|Gaza]] #[[Inhambane Province|Inhambane]] #[[Maputo]] (city) #[[Maputo Province|Maputo]] | style="width:230px; vertical-align:middle;"| [[File:Mozambique, administrative divisions - Nmbrs - colored 2018.svg|170px|Map of Mozambique with the province highlighted]] |}{{Largest cities | country = Mozambique | stat_ref = According to the 2017 Census<ref>{{cite web |url=http://citypopulation.de/Mozambique-Cities.html |title=Mozambique |website=citypopulation.de |access-date=19 August 2021 }}</ref> | list_by_pop = | div_name = Province | div_link = | city_1 = Maputo | div_1 = Maputo City{{!}}Maputo | pop_1 = 1,080,277 | img_1 = Maputo seen from southeast - October 2006.jpg | city_2 = Matola | div_2 = Maputo Province{{!}}Maputo | pop_2 = 1,032,197 | img_2 = Antigo edifício do Conselho Municipal da Matola.jpg | city_3 = Nampula | div_3 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_3 = 663,212 | img_3 = Nampula_Airport.jpg | city_4 = Beira, Mozambique{{!}}Beira | div_4 = Sofala Province{{!}}Sofala | pop_4 = 592,090 | img_4 = Beira center 2000.jpg | city_5 = Chimoio | div_5 = Manica Province{{!}}Manica | pop_5 = 363,336 | city_6 = Tete, Mozambique{{!}}Tete | div_6 = Tete Province{{!}}Tete | pop_6 = 307,338 | city_7 = Quelimane | div_7 = Zambezia Province{{!}}Zambézia | pop_7 = 246,915 | city_8 = Lichinga | div_8 = Niassa Province{{!}}Niassa | pop_8 = 242,204 | city_9 = Mocuba | div_9 = Zambezia Province{{!}}Zambézia | pop_9 = ''240,000'' | city_10 = Nacala | div_10 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_10 = 225,034 | city_11 = Gurúè | div_11 = Zambezia Province{{!}}Zambézia | pop_11 = ''210,000'' | city_12 = Pemba, Mozambique{{!}}Pemba | div_12 = Cabo Delgado Province{{!}}Cabo Delgado | pop_12 = 201,846 | city_13 = Xai-Xai | div_13 = Gaza Province{{!}}Gaza | pop_13 = 132,884 | city_14 = Maxixe, Mozambique{{!}}Maxixe | div_14 = Inhambane Province{{!}}Inhambane | pop_14 = 123,868 | city_15 = Angoche | div_15 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_15 = 89,998 | city_16 = Inhambane | div_16 = Inhambane Province{{!}}Inhambane | pop_16 = 82,119 | city_17 = Cuamba | div_17 = Niassa Province{{!}}Niassa | pop_17 = 79,013 | city_18 = Montepuez | div_18 = Cabo Delgado Province{{!}}Cabo Delgado | pop_18 = 76,139 | city_19 = Dondo, Mozambique{{!}}Dondo | div_19 = Sofala Province{{!}}Sofala | pop_19 = 70,817 | city_20 = Moçambique (city){{!}}Moçambique | div_20 = Nampula Province{{!}}Nampula | pop_20 = 65,712 }} ==Chuma== {{Main|Economy of Mozambique}}[[File:GDP_per_capita_development_in_Mozambique.svg|thumb|Historical development of real GDP per capita in Mozambique, since 1960]] [[File:Mozambique Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|upright=1.6|A proportional representation of Mozambique's exports]] Charu cha Mozambique nchimoza mwa vyaru vikavu comene na vyambura kutukuka pa caru cose, nangauli pakati pa 1994 na 2006, GDP yikakuranga pafupifupi 8%. Wupu wa vya ndalama wa IMF ukuti Mozambique ni caru cikavu ico cili na ngongoli zinandi. Pa kafukufuku uyo wakacitika mu 2006, ŵanthu ŵatatu pa ŵanthu ŵanayi ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakati mu vilimika vinkhondi ivyo vyajumpha, ndalama izo ŵakasanga zikwenda makora yayi. Ndalama ya boma ya Mozambique ni metical (kufuma mu Disembala 2022, US$1 yikukolerana na 64 meticals). Ndalama za US dollar, South African rand, na euro vikupokelereka na kugwiliskirika nchito mu bizinesi. Malipiro ghapachanya agho boma likuzomerezga ni $60 pa mwezi. Charu cha Mozambique chili mu wupu wa Southern African Development Community (SADC). Pulogiramu ya SADC yakuyowoya za malonda gha mwawanangwa yikovwira kuti caru ca kumwera kwa Africa ciŵe cakupambana na vyaru vinyake mwa kuwuskapo ndondo na mphindano zinyake. Mu 2007, Banki ya Caru Cose yikayowoya kuti caru ca Mozambique cikukura comene. Kafukufuku uyo ŵakacita pamoza na maboma gha awo ŵakovwira ŵanthu mu 2007 wakati: "Mozambiki wakuwoneka kuti ni caru ico cakovwira comene".<ref name=BilateralRelationsFactSheet/> ===Rebounding growth=== Ŵanthu awo ŵakachimbilira ku vyaru vinyake na kusintha vinthu mu charu ichi ŵakukura chomene. Vinthu vikasintha chomene mu charu ichi, ndipo pakati pa 1996 na 2006, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu vyaru ivi chikakwera pa 8%, ndipo pakati pa 2006 na 2011, chikakwera pa 67%. Kuti vinthu viŵe makora kunthazi, pakukhumbikwira ndalama zinandi zakufuma ku vyaru vinyake, kusintha vinthu pa nkhani ya vyachuma, na kuwezgerapo ulimi, mendero, na vyakusanguluska. Mu 2013, ŵanthu pafupifupi 80% ŵakagwiranga ntchito zaulimi, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakagwiranga ntchito zaulimi. Ndipouli, mu 2012, malo ghakujumpha 90% gha mu Mozambique ghakaŵa ghambura kulima. Mu 2013, nkhani yinyake ya pa BBC yikati kwamba mu 2009, ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakambaso kuwelera ku Mozambique chifukwa cha uchumi uwo ukukura mu charu ichi.<ref>Akwagyiram, Alexis (5 April 2013) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22025864 Portugal's unemployed heading to Mozambique 'paradise'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129050736/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22025864 |date=29 November 2017 }}. ''BBC News Africa''. Retrieved 6 April 2013</ref> ===Economic reforms=== Makampani ghakujumpha 1,200 agho ghanandi ghakaŵa gha boma ghakaŵa gha boma. Ŵakanozgekera vyakuti maboma ghaŵike vinthu vyawo mu mawoko gha ŵeneco na/panji kulekeska makampani ghanyake agho ghakaŵa gha boma, nga ni telecommunications, energy, ports, na railways. Nyengo zinandi boma likasankhanga munthu wakwendeskera vyaru vinyake para likukhumba kupanga kampani yinyake. Kweniso, msonkho wa msonkho wachepeskeka, ndipo msonkho wa msonkho wachepeskeka na kunozgekaso. Mu 1999, boma likakhazikiska msonkho wakusazgirako mtengo wa vinthu. ===Corruption=== [[File:Mozambique - traditional sailboat.jpg|thumb|Traditional sailboat in [[Ilha de Moçambique]]]] Chuma cha Mozambique chakhuŵara na vimbundi vinandi. Mu Julayi 2011, boma likapeleka malango ghaphya ghakususkana na vimbundi kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kwiba ndalama za boma. Ndondomeko iyi yikazomerezgeka na ŵalara ŵa boma. Boma la Mozambique likadumura kuti ŵaliska ŵaŵiri ŵakale ŵakaŵa ŵarunji cifukwa ca vimbundi. Pa vyaru 178, charu cha Mozambique chili pa nambara 116 pa vyaru vyose ivyo vili na vimbundi. Lipoti linyake la wupu wa USAID ilo likalembeka mu 2005, likati: "Ukaboni wakuti vimbundi vili palipose mu Mozambique ukupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵacitenge wofi". Mu 2012, boma la chigaŵa cha Inhambane likavumbura kuti Calisto Alberto Tomo, uyo ni mulara wa Dipatimenti ya Vyakumara Minkhwala, wakaswa ndalama za boma. Ŵakasanga kuti wakakolerana na Recalda Guambe, uyo wakaŵa mulembi wa mabuku mu ofesi ya Anti-Drug Office, kuti ŵibire ndalama zakukwana 260,000 meticais pakati pa 2008 na 2010. Boma la Mozambique lachitapo kanthu kuti limazge vimbundi, ndipo vinthu vyamba kwenda makora. Mu 2012, boma la Mozambique likapeleka malango ghanandi ghakovwira kuti vimbundi vileke.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mozambique Corruption Profile|url=http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/sub-saharan-africa/mozambique/show-all.aspx|website=Business Anti-Corruption Profile|access-date=14 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715001747/http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/sub-saharan-africa/mozambique/show-all.aspx|archive-date=15 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Natural resources=== {{main|Mineral industry of Mozambique}} Mu 2010 na 2011, Anadarko Petroleum na Eni ŵakasanga malo gha gesi gha Mamba South, agho ghali na gasi wakujumpha 4,200 billion cubic metres (150 trillion cubic feet) mu Rovuma Basin, kufupi na mphepete mwa nyanja ya kumpoto kwa chigaŵa cha Cabo Delgado. Para vyaŵa nthena, Mozambiki wangaŵa yumoza wa vyaru ivyo vikupanga gasi. Mu Janyuwale 2017, boma likasankha makampani ghatatu kuti ghapange migodi ya gasi ku Rovuma. GL Africa Energy (UK) ndiyo yikapokera thirakiti limoza. Likukhumba kuzenga na kwendeska sitima ya gasi ya 250 MW. Ntchito iyi yikeneranga kwamba mu 2018. Pa nyengo yasono, boma la Mozambique likukhumba kuti mu 2024, likambe kutumizga LNG pa caru cose. Mu 2019, vinthu ivyo vikachitika mu malo gha Rovuma Basin, agho ghakumanyikwa kuti The Mozambique LNG Project, vikakhozga ndalama zakukwana madola 19 biliyoni kufuma ku wupu wa ŵaguliskayi kuti ŵagulire LNG iyi. Ntchito yikuru ya kuzenga na ntchito zinyake izo zikukolerana nayo, yikapelekeka ku kampani ya TotalEnergies.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mzlng.totalenergies.co.mz/en/about-mozambique-liquefied-natural-gas-project |title=About the project |website=Mozambique LNG |date=2023|access-date=4 May 2023}}</ref> ===Tourism=== {{Main|Tourism in Mozambique}} [[File:La plage aux dunes de Dovela - 2012-04-28 - 75154574.jpg|thumb| European tourists on the beach, in [[Inhambane Province|Inhambane]], Mozambique]] [[File:Vilaculos beach Mozambique 2.jpg|thumb|Vilanculos beach Mozambique]] Charu ichi chili na malo ghanandi ghakutowa, vyamoyo vyamuthengere, na malo ghakusangwa na ŵanthu. Charu cha Mozambique chili na mwaŵi ukuru wa kukura.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mozambique – Economy|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique|access-date=24 January 2021|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|archive-date=5 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205083321/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Carrying goods on head in Mozambique.jpg|thumb|Carrying goods on head in Mozambique]] Mphepete mwa nyanja za kumpoto uko kuli maji ghakutowa ni malo ghakutowa comene, comenecomene ku virwa vya Quirimbas na Bazaruto. Chigaŵa cha Inhambane chikukopa ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake chifukwa cha vyamoyo vinandi ivyo vili mu nyanja. Pali malo ghanandi ghakusungirako vyamoyo, kusazgapo malo gha Gorongosa National Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=mozambique capital and currency|url=https://seedtracker.org/c40prd/mozambique-capital-and-currency-d2ea86|access-date=28 January 2021|website=seedtracker.org|archive-date=1 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201191256/https://seedtracker.org/c40prd/mozambique-capital-and-currency-d2ea86|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Transport=== {{Main|Transport in Mozambique|Rail transport in Mozambique}} [[File:Steam locomotive Inhambane.jpg|thumb|Steam locomotive at Inhambane, 2009]] [[File:LAM Boeing 737-200Adv C9-BAK JNB 2005-12-2.png|thumb|right|National Mozambican airline, [[LAM Mozambique Airlines|LAM Mozambique]]]] Pali misewu ya makilomita ghakujumpha 30,000, kweni yinandi njambura kujintha. Nga umo viliri mu vyaru vinyake, magalimoto ghakwendera kumazere. Ku Maputo kuli chiŵanja cha ndege cha mitundu yose, viŵanja vinyake vya ndege 21 vyambura kujima, na malo ghakujumpha 100 ghakwambukirapo ndege. Pali misewu ya maji yakukwana makilomita 3,750. Pali misewu ya njanji iyo yikwendera mu misumba yikuruyikuru na kukolerana na Malawi, Zimbabwe na South Africa. Njanji za ku Mozambique zikenda kwa vyaka vyakujumpha 100 kufuma ku vipata vitatu ivyo vikaŵa mumphepete mwa nyanja. Misewu iyi yikaŵa yakukhumbikwa comene pa nyengo ya Nkhondo ya Caru na Caru ya ku Mozambique, ndipo RENAMO ndiyo yikayiparanya. Wupu wa boma, uwo ukuchemeka Portos e Caminhos de Ferro de Moçambique (Mozambique Ports and Railways), ndiwo ukulaŵilira misewu ya njanji na maboti agho ghakukolerana nayo. Mzere uliwose uli na nthowa yake yakucitira vinthu. Mu 2005 pakaŵa njanji ya makilomita 3,123, iyo yikaŵa na mtunda wa makilomita 2,983 wa 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in), ndipo yikaŵa yakukolerana na njanji za mu vigaŵa vyapafupi. Msewu wa njanji ya Beira ̇ Bulawayo na Sena, uwo uli pakatikati pa msumba uwu, ukujintha dowoko la Beira ku vyaru vya Malawi, Zambia na Zimbabwe. Kumpoto kwa malo agha, ngalaŵa ya Nacala yikukolerana na njanji ya Nacala na Malawi, ndipo kumwera kwa ngalaŵa ya Maputo yikukolerana na njanji ya Limpopo, njanji ya Goba na njanji ya Ressano Garcia na Zimbabwe, Eswatini na South Africa. Maofesi agha ghakukolerana waka na vyaru vinyake. Mu Ogasiti 2010, boma la Mozambique na la Botswana ghakasazga chikalata chakulongosolera umo ŵagwilirenge ntchito ya kupanga njanji ya mtunda wa makilomita 1,100 kujumpha mu Zimbabwe. Gulu liphya la matayala ilo likagwiranga nchito ku Indian Golden Rock likagwiliskiranga nchito vyakukolerana vya pakati na mabureki gha mphepo.<ref>''[[Railway Gazette International]]'', August 2008, p.483</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/06/23/stories/2008062350501700.htm|title=Golden Rock workshop exports locos to Mozambique|work=Business Line|access-date=24 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206072435/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/06/23/stories/2008062350501700.htm|archive-date=6 December 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Kupeleka maji na maji ghakumwa === [[File:Daily struggle for water (5400691444).jpg|thumb|Woman fetching water during the dry season from a polluted source in Machaze District of the Central Manica Province]] Ku Mozambique, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵalije maji ghakumwa (pa 2011 ŵakaŵa na maji 51 peresenti), ndipo ŵakusoŵa vyakumwa vyakwenelera (pa 2011 ŵakaŵa na maji 25 peresenti). Mu 2007, boma likanozga vyakuti ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa ivi ŵakhalenge na maji ghawemi. Mu misumba, maji ghakupelekeka na ŵantchito ŵacoko na ŵantchito ŵa boma. Kwamba mu 1998, Mozambique wakasintha ndondomeko ya maji gha mu misumba mwa kupanga wupu wakuwona vya maji (CRA), kampani yakuwona vya ndalama (FIPAG) na kampani yakuchemeka Aguas de Moçambique.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIP LEGAL RESOURCE CENTER |url=https://ppp.worldbank.org/public-private-partnership/library/delegated-management-urban-water-supply-services-mozambique-summary-case-stuy-fipag-and-cra |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIP LEGAL RESOURCE CENTER |language=en}}</ref> Pa ndondomeko iyi pakaŵa vigaŵa vya msumba uwu na misumba yinyake yinayi iyo yikaŵa na maji. Ndipouli, PPP yikamara mu 2008 apo mapangano ghakulongozga misumba yinayi ghakajumpha ndipo mu 2010, munthu munyake wa ku charu chinyake uyo wakagwiranga ntchito mu msumba uwu wakafumamo chifukwa cha suzgo. Nangauli boma likuŵika mtima comene pa nkhani ya maji mu misumba, kweni pasono lilije ndondomeko yakukhwaskana na mauto ghakutowa. Awo ŵakupeleka ndalama ŵakupeleka ndalama zakukwana 87.4% ya ndalama izo boma likupeleka. == Ŵanthu == {{Main|Demographics of Mozambique}} {|class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px" ! colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#cfb;"|Population{{UN_Population|ref}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique|title=Mozambique|date=27 February 2023|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|via=CIA.gov}}</ref> |- ! style="background:#cfb;"|Year ! style="background:#cfb;"|Thousands |- |style="text-align:left;"|1950 ||style="text-align:right;"|5,959 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1960 ||style="text-align:right;"|7,185 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1970 ||style="text-align:right;"|9,023 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1980 ||style="text-align:right;"|11,630 |- |style="text-align:left;"|1990 ||style="text-align:right;"|12,987 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2000 ||style="text-align:right;"|17,712 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2010 ||style="text-align:right;"|23,532 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2020 ||style="text-align:right;"|31,255 |- |style="text-align:left;"|2023 ||style="text-align:right;"|32,514 |} Vigaŵa vya kumpoto kwa Zambezia na Nampula ndivyo vili na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala kumpoto kwa charu ichi ni Makua pafupifupi 4 miliyoni. Magulu ghanyake ni Makonde, Yao, Swahili, Tonga, Chopi, na Nguni (mwakusazgapo Ŵazulu). Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵalipo 97.8%, ndipo ŵanyake wose mba ku Portugal, ku Europe na ku Africa (mestizo) kweniso ku India. Ku Mozambique kuli ŵanthu pafupifupi 45,000 ŵa ku India. Pa nyengo iyo Portugal yikalamuliranga caru ici, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vyose. Ŵanandi mwa ŵanthu aŵa ŵakafumamo mu charu ichi mu 1975 apo charu ichi chikapokera wanangwa kufuma ku Portugal. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuyowoya kuti mu Mozambique muli ŵanthu ŵa ku China ŵakujumpha 7,000. Kafukufuku munyake uyo wakachitika mu 2011, wakalongora kuti pa mwanakazi yumoza, pakaŵa ŵana 5.9, ndipo ku mizi pakaŵa ŵana 6.6, ndipo mu misumba pakaŵa ŵana 4.5.<ref>[http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR266/FR266.pdf Moçambique Inquérito Demográfico e de Saúde 2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819223303/http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR266/FR266.pdf |date=19 August 2013 }}. Instituto Nacional de Estatística, Ministério da Saúde Maputo, Moçambique (March 2013)</ref><ref name="ISN">{{Cite news|title=China, Mozambique: old friends, new business|date=13 August 2007|periodical=International Relations and Security Network Update|access-date=3 November 2007|url=http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?id=53470&lng=en|last=Horta|first=Loro|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100407032726/http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?id=53470&lng=en|archive-date=7 April 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Viyowoyelo=== {{Main|Languages of Mozambique}} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="border:1px black; float:right; margin-left:1em;" |- ! style="background:#f99;" colspan="3"|Language most spoken at home, 2017 Census <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ine.gov.mz/iv-rgph-2017/mocambique/censo-2017-brochura-dos-resultados-definitivos-do-iv-rgph-nacional.pdf/at_download/file |title=Archived copy |access-date=14 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515170335/http://www.ine.gov.mz/iv-rgph-2017/mocambique/censo-2017-brochura-dos-resultados-definitivos-do-iv-rgph-nacional.pdf/at_download/file |archive-date=15 May 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20181216163503/http://197.249.4.187/imismoz/censos/censo2007/CensoHTML/00/quadros/00quadro23.html "Quadro 23. População de 5 anos e mais por idade, segundo área de residência, sexo e língua que fala com mais frequência em casa"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216163503/http://197.249.4.187/imismoz/censos/censo2007/CensoHTML/00/quadros/00quadro23.html |date=16 December 2018 }}'', [http://www.ine.gov.mz Instituto Nacional de Estatística] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/19981202021739/http://www.ine.gov.mz/ |date=2 December 1998 }}, Maputo Moçambique, 2007</ref> |- |[[Emakhuwa]] || style="text-align:right;"| 5,813,083 || style="text-align:right;"| 26.13% |- | [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] || style="text-align:right;"| 3,686,890 || style="text-align:right;"| 16.58% |- | [[Xichangana]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,919,217 || style="text-align:right;"| 8.63% |- | [[Cinyanja]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,790,831 || style="text-align:right;"| 8.05% |- | [[Cisena]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,578,164 || style="text-align:right;"| 7.09% |- | [[Elomwe]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,574,237 || style="text-align:right;"| 7.08% |- | [[Chuwabo language|Echuwabo]] || style="text-align:right;"| 1,050,696 || style="text-align:right;"| 4.72% |- | [[Tswa language|Xitswa]] || style="text-align:right;"| 836,644 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.76% |- | [[Cindau]] || style="text-align:right;"| 836,038 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.76% |- | Other [[Languages of Mozambique|Mozambican languages]] || style="text-align:right;"| 2,633,088 || style="text-align:right;"| 11.84% |- | Other foreign languages || style="text-align:right;"| 112,385 || style="text-align:right;"| 0.51% |- | None || style="text-align:right;"| 4,173 || style="text-align:right;"| 0.02% |- | Unknown || style="text-align:right;"| 407,927 || style="text-align:right;"| 1.83% |- |''' Total''' || style="text-align:right;"| '''22,243,373''' || style="text-align:right;"| '''100.00%''' |} [[File:Mz etnies.PNG|thumb|left|upright=1.3|Ethnic map of Mozambique]] Chiphwitikizi ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene mu charu ichi, ndipo ŵanthu 50.3% ŵakuyowoya. Viyowoyero vya ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ivyo vikuyowoyeka mu charu ichi vikupambana chomene ndipo nyengo zinyake ŵanthu ŵakuvipulikiska yayi. Padera pa chiyowoyero icho chikuyowoyeka kumpoto kwa charu ichi, Chiswahili chikuyowoyeka mu chigaŵa chichoko cha mumphepete mwa nyanja kufupi na mphaka ya Tanzania. Mu chigaŵa cha Swahili, ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha Makonde. Makonde na Yao ŵali mu gulu lapadera, ndipo chiyowoyero cha Yao chikukolerana chomene na chiyowoyero cha Mwera ku Rondo Plateau, Tanzania. Mu viyowoyero ivi, mazgu ghakwambira ghakuŵa nga ni vilembo vyakwambilira ivyo vyalembeka pambere lizgu lindanjire. Ŵanyake ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero ichi mumphepete mwa Nyanja ya Malawi kweniso ku sirya linyake la Nyanja. Viyowoyero vinyake vya mu gulu la eMakhuwa vikupambana chomene na ivi. Vili na lizgu lakuti k- ilo likwamba na lizgu lakuti vowel. Pali chiyowoyero cha eMakhuwa, pamoza na chiyowoyero cha eLomwe na eChuwabo, kweniso chigaŵa chichoko cha ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha eKoti. Mu chigaŵa icho chili musi mwa Mlonga wa Zambezi, ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha Sena, icho chili mu gulu limoza na Nyanja. Chigaŵa chikuru icho ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya ChiShona chili pakati pa mphaka ya Zimbabwe na nyanja. Chiyowoyero ichi chikuyana waka na Chishona, kweni chikuyana yayi na chiyowoyero cha Chishona, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero ichi ŵakuchiwona kuti ntchakupambana. Kumwera kwa chigaŵa ichi kuli viyowoyero vya Tsonga. ChiTsonga chikuyowoyeka mumphepete mwa nyanja na mu charu, ndipo chiTsonga chikuyowoyeka mu chigaŵa cha Limpopo River. Chiyowoyero ichi chikusangikaso mu charu cha South Africa. Ŵanyake mwa ŵanthu awo ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero ichi ni GiTonga, BiTonga, na CiCopi panji Chopi, awo ŵakuyowoyeka kumpoto kwa mlomo wa Limpopo, kweniso XiRonga panji Ronga, awo ŵakuyowoyeka kufupi na Maputo. Viyowoyero vya mu gulu ili, mwakuyana na mazgu ghachoko waka, vikuyana waka na vya Cizulu, kweni ni viyowoyero vya mu gulu limoza yayi. Ku Mozambique kuli vigaŵa vichoko ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya Ciswazi na Cizulu. Ŵanthu ŵa ku India, China, na Arabia ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku India awo ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi.<ref name="r1">''Relatório do I Seminário sobre a Padronização da Ortografia de Línguas Moçambicanas''. NELIMO, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, 1989.</ref> ===Chisopo=== {{Main|Religion in Mozambique}} {{multiple image |align= right |direction= vertical |width= 190 |image1=Cathedral_of_maputo_05.jpg |caption1= [[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, Maputo]] |image2= Mesquita Maputo.jpg |caption2= A mosque in downtown Maputo |image3= |header= |header_align= centre }} Pa ŵanthu awo ŵakalembeka mu 2007, ŵakasanga kuti Ŵakhristu ŵalipo 59.2% pa ŵanthu wose ŵa mu Mozambique, Ŵasilamu ŵalipo 18.9%, ŵanthu 7.3% ŵali na vigomezgo vinyake, chomenechomene vya kusopa vinyama, ndipo 13.9% ŵalije vigomezgo. Kafukufuku munyake wa boma uyo wakachitika mu 2015, wakalongora kuti Chikatolika chikusangika pa ŵanthu 30.5%, Ŵasilamu 19.3%, ndipo matchalitchi ghanyake gha Chiprotesitanti 44%. Kuyana na lipoti la 2018 la United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, ŵanthu 28 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mba Katolika, 18 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mbasilamu (ŵanandi ŵakaŵa Ŵasuni), 15 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mba Chikhristu, 12 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mba Chiprotesitanti, 7 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose mbanthu ŵa visopa vinyake, ndipo 18 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose ŵalije chisopa. Tchalitchi la Katolika lili kukhazikiska ma diocese 12 (Beira, Chimoio, Gurué, Inhambane, Lichinga, Maputo, Nacala, Nampula, Pemba, Quelimane, Tete, na Xai-Xai; ma archdioceses ni Beira, Maputo na Nampula). Mu Diocese ya Chimoio, ŵanthu 5.8% ŵakaŵa Ŵakatolika, ndipo mu Diocese ya Quelimane (Anuario catolico de Mozambique) ŵanthu 32.50%. Pa visopa vikuruvikuru vya Chiprotesitanti pali Igreja União Baptista de Moçambique, Assembleias de Deus, Seventh-day Adventists, Anglican Church of Southern Africa, Igreja do Evangelho Completo de Deus, Igreja Metodista Unida, Igreja Presbyteriana de Moçambique, Igrejas de Cristo na Assemblée Evangélica de Deus. Mulimo wa cisopa ca Methodist mu Mozambique ukamba mu 1890. Erwin Richards wakamba umishonale wa Methodist ku Chicuque mu chigaŵa cha Inhambane. Mu 1990, mpingo wa Igreja Metodista Unida em Moçambique (United Methodist Church in Mozambique) ukakondwelera vilimika 100 kufuma apo ŵa Methodist ŵakambira kuwungana mu Mozambique. Pulezidenti Chissano wakawonga mulimo wa UMC ku ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 10,000 awo ŵakiza pa ciphikiro ici. Kwamba mu 1998, mpingo wa United Methodist Church ku Mozambique waŵa ukuru katatu. Mu vyaru ivi muli mipingo yakujumpha 180. Chaka chilichose, ŵaliska ŵaphya ŵakwimikika. Chaka chilichose pa Ungano wa Caka na Caka (umpoto na kumwera) pakuŵa mipingo yiphya. Tchalitchi la Yesu Khristu la Ŵatuŵa ŵa Mazuŵa Ghaumaliro likukura comene. Gulu ili likamba kutuma ŵamishonale ku Mozambique mu 1999, ndipo mu Epulero 2015, likaŵa na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 7,943. Chisopa cha Bahá'í chili mu Mozambiki kwamba mu ma 1950, kweni mu nyengo yira chikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi yayi chifukwa cha mazaza gha Tchalitchi la Katolika. Apo boma likamba kujiyimira palekha mu 1975, ŵapayiniya ŵaphya ŵakamba kwiza. Kuzakafika mu 2010, ŵanthu pafupifupi 3,000 ŵakaŵa Ŵabaha'i. Ŵasilamu ŵakukhala comene kumpoto kwa caru ici. Ŵakuŵa mu magulu gha "tariqa" panji magulu gha ŵabali. Kweniso pali mawupu ghaŵiri gha ku Mozambique: Consejo Islâmico de Mozambique na Congresso Islâmico de Mozambique. Paliso mawupu ghanyake gha ku Pakistan na India, kweniso magulu ghanyake gha Chisilamu. Ku Maputo kuli cigaŵa cicoko comene ca Ciyuda, kweni cikukura comene.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://forward.com/culture/392973/in-mozambique-a-very-small-jewish-community-thrives/|title=In Mozambique, A Jewish Community Thrives|last1=JosephFebruary 1|first1=Anne|last2=Images|first2=2018Getty|website=The Forward|access-date=19 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210063439/https://forward.com/culture/392973/in-mozambique-a-very-small-jewish-community-thrives/|archive-date=10 December 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Umoyo=== {{Further|Health in Mozambique}} [[File:Bevölkerungspyramide Mosambik 2016.png|thumb|upright=1.3|Population pyramid 2016]] [[File:Number of patients on Anti Retroviral Treatment in Mozambique 2003-2011.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|The increase in the number of HIV positive Mozambicans on [[Antiretroviral drug|Antiretroviral treatment]], 2003–14]] Ŵanakazi ŵakubaba ŵana pafupifupi 5.5. Ndalama za boma zakwendeskera vyaumoyo zikaŵa 2.7 peresenti ya GDP mu 2004, apo ndalama za wanangwa wa ŵanthu zikaŵa 1.3 peresenti mu caka ceneci. Ndalama izo munthu waliyose wakugwiliskira nchito pa umoyo wake zikaŵa 42 US$ (PPP) mu 2004. Kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m'ma 2000, ku caru ici kukaŵa ŵadokotala ŵatatu pa ŵanthu 100,000. Mu 2005, ŵana 100 pa ŵana 1,000 ŵakafwanga. Mu 2010, pa ŵana 100,000 awo ŵakubabika, ŵanakazi 550 ndiwo ŵakafwanga. Pa ciŵelengero ici, mu 2008 kukaŵa 598.8 ndipo mu 1990 kukaŵa 385. Ŵana awo ŵakufwa para ŵandafike vyaka vinkhondi ŵakufwa pa ŵana 1,000, ndipo chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakufwa para ŵandafike vyaka vinkhondi chikuŵa 147. Ku Mozambique, pa ŵanakazi 1,000 awo ŵakubabika, ŵanakazi ŵatatu ndiwo ŵakuŵa ŵasungwana, ndipo mwanakazi yumoza pa ŵanakazi 37 waliyose wakufwa.<ref name="SOWMY">{{cite web|url=http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/report/home.html|title=The State of the World's Midwifery|publisher=United Nations Population Fund|access-date=1 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111225024306/http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/report/home.html|archive-date=25 December 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mu 2011, pa ŵanthu wose ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 15 na 49, 11,5% ŵakaŵa na HIV. Mu vigaŵa vya kumwera kwa Mozambique  Maputo na vigaŵa vya Gaza kweniso mu msumba wa Maputo  chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakufwa chikujumpha kaŵiri unandi wa ŵanthu wose. Mu 2011, boma likati ŵanthu pafupifupi 1.7 miliyoni ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakaŵa na HIV, ndipo 600,000 ŵakakhumbikwiranga munkhwala wakukoma majeremusi. Kuzakafika mu Disembala 2011, ŵanthu ŵakukwana 240,000 ndiwo ŵakalwaranga nthenda iyi. ===Masambilo=== {{Main|Education in Mozambique}} Chiphwitikizi ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene mu masukulu ghose gha ku Mozambique. Ŵanthu wose ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakukhumbikwa na dango kuti ŵasambire sukulu mpaka ku pulayimale. Kweni ŵana ŵanandi ŵakuluta yayi ku pulayimale chifukwa chakuti ŵakugwira ntchito mu minda ya mbumba zawo. Mu 2007, ŵana pafupifupi 1 miliyoni ŵakaŵa kuti ŵandafike ku sukulu, ndipo ŵanandi mwa ŵana aŵa ŵakafumanga mu mbumba zakukhalamo. Ŵasungwana awo ŵakalembeskanga sukulu ŵakakwera kufuma pa 3 miliyoni mu 2002 kufika pa 4.1 miliyoni mu 2006 apo awo ŵakalembeskanga ŵakakwera kufuma pa 31,000 kufika pa 90,000. Para ŵafika mu kilasi la nambara 7, ŵakusambira ŵakwenera kufiska viyezgelero vya sukulu kuti ŵanjire sukulu ya sekondare. Malo gha ku yunivesite ya ku Mozambique ngakukwana yayi, ntheura ŵana ŵanandi awo ŵamalizga masambiro gha ku yunivesite ŵakuluta ku yunivesite yayi. Ŵanandi ŵakugwira nchito ya kusambizga ŵana panji ŵalije nchito. Kweniso pali masukulu ghanyake agho ghakupeleka masambiro ghakusazgikira gha vyaulimi, maluso, panji masambiro gha vya masambiro. Pamanyuma pakuti charu cha Mozambique chafwatuka ku Portugal mu 1975, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵanandi ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakalutilira kunjira masukulu gha ku Portugal. Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu 2010, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya kuŵazga na kulemba chikaŵa 56.1% (70.8% ŵanalume na 42.8% ŵanakazi). Mu 2015, chiŵelengero ichi chikakwera kufika pa 58.8% (73.3% ŵanalume na 45.4% ŵanakazi).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=EDULIT_DS&popupcustomise=true&lang=en#|title=Education|last=UIS|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=2 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905185501/http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=EDULIT_DS&popupcustomise=true&lang=en|archive-date=5 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><gallery widths="200" heights="200"> File:Mozambique school.jpg|Pupils in front of their school in [[Nampula]] File:Mozambique classroom.jpg|School children in the classroom </gallery> ==Mwambo== {{Main|Culture of Mozambique}} [[File:Mozambique - mask.jpg|thumb|upright|Woman with traditional mask in Mozambique]] [[File:Museu Da Ilha De Mocambique (33387901932).jpg|thumb|[[Island of Mozambique]], 2016]]Pa nyengo iyo, caru ca Mozambique cikaŵa pasi pa muwuso wa Portugal, ndipo ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ici ŵakayowoyanga ciyowoyero cimoza (Ciphwitikizi) kweniso ŵakasopanga mu cisopa cimoza (Roman Catholicism). Kweni cifukwa cakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Mozambique mba Bantu, ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ici ŵali na mitheto yakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakulondezga mitheto ya ku Portugal. ===Maluso=== Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Makonde ŵakumanyikwa na vyakuŵaja vyawo vya makuni na visalu vyawo. Pali mitundu yiŵiri ya vithuzithuzi vya makuni: shetani, (viŵanda viheni), ivyo kanandi vikuŵa vyakuŵaja mu makuni gha ebony, vikuru, na vyakuŵaja makora na vimanyikwiro na visko vyambura kuwoneka makora. Vinthu ivi ŵakuvichema kuti "makuni gha mbumba" cifukwa vikuyowoya vya miwiro yinandi. Mu vyaka vyaumaliro vya muwuso wa ŵakoloni, luso lwa ku Mozambique lukawoneseskanga nkhaza izo ŵakoloni ŵakachitiranga ŵanthu. Pamanyuma pa kujithemba mu 1975, luso lwamasono lukaŵa na nyengo yiphya. Ŵanthu ŵaŵiri awo ŵakumanyikwa comene na kuŵa na nkharo yiwemi ku Mozambique ni Malangatana Ngwenya na Alberto Chissano. Vinthu vinandi ivyo vikachitika mu vyaka vya m'ma 1980 na 1990 vikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakasuzgikanga pa nkhani za ndyali, nkhondo zaŵene, kusuzgika, njara, na kulimbana. Mu Mozambiki mose, kuvina ni kaluso kakuru comene. Pali mitundu yinandi ya kuvina kufuma ku fuko limoza kuya ku linyake. Mwaciyelezgero, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chopi ŵakucita maseŵero gha nkhondo uku ŵavwara vikumba vya nyama. Ŵanalume ŵa ku Makua ŵakuvwara vyakuvwara vyakupambanapambana na visalu apo ŵakuvina mu muzi kwa maora ghanandi. Ŵanakazi ŵa kumpoto kwa charu ichi ŵakwimba sumu ya tufo, kuti ŵakondwelere maholide gha Chisilamu.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Fitzpatrick | first = Mary | title = Mozambique | publisher = [[Lonely Planet]] | year = 2007 | page = 33 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=DVvRHCBtS9sC | isbn = 978-1-74059-188-1 | access-date = 20 June 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150905143708/https://books.google.com/books?id=DVvRHCBtS9sC | archive-date = 5 September 2015 | url-status = live }}</ref> ===Cuisine=== {{See also|Portuguese cuisine|Cuisine of Mozambique|African cuisine}} Pakuti Ŵapwitikizi ŵakhala mu caru ici kwa vilimika pafupifupi 500, cakurya ca ku Mozambique cikukhwaskika comene. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ndiwo ŵakiza na vyakurya nga ni maniyu (mphukira ya ku Brazil) na mtcheŵe (nthcheŵe za ku Brazil, nangauli ku Mozambique ndiko kukaŵa vyakurya vikuru comene), kweniso pãozinho. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ndiwo ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito vyakununkhira nga ni makuni gha bay, chili, coriander, anyezi, anyezi, paprika, chizi, vinyo, kweniso mbuto, mphoza, mbatata, mpunga, mpunga, na mkaka. ===Media=== [[File:Radio Moçambique (4106248049).jpg|thumb|right|Headquarters of Rádio Moçambique in [[KaMpfumo]] district of [[Maputo]] (photo 2009)]] Ŵapharazgi ŵa ku Mozambiki ŵakulongozgeka na boma. Manyuzipepara ghakusindikizgika bweka yayi chifukwa cha mtengo wake kweniso ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakumanya yayi kuŵazga na kulemba. Ŵanyake mwa manyuzipepara agho ghakupharazgika comene ni Noticias na Diário de Moçambique, kweniso Domingo. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakusangika ku Maputo. Ndalama zinandi na ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakusangirapo pa nkhani za malonda zikupelekeka ku manyuzipepara agho ghakukolerana na boma.<ref name="salgado">{{cite book |last=Salgado |first=Susana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WC3jBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 |title=The Internet and Democracy Building in Lusophone African Countries |publisher=Ashgate |year=2014 |isbn=9781409472933 |page=79 |access-date=15 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002207/https://books.google.com/books?id=WC3jBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 |archive-date=4 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ndigho ghakovwira comene pa nkhani ya vyakupharazga mu caru ici cifukwa ca umo ŵanthu ŵakucitira. Ma wayilesi gha boma ghakumanyikwa comene kuluska ma wayilesi gha ŵanthu. Ici cikulongoreka makora na wayilesi ya boma ya Rádio Moçambique, iyo njakutchuka comene mu caru ici. Likakhazikiskika pakati pajumpha nyengo yicoko waka kufuma apo Mozambique yikapokera wanangwa. Mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi agho ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakuwonelera ni STV, TIM, na TVM Televisão Moçambique. Ŵanthu awo ŵakuwonelera TV pa wayilesi na pa wayilesi ya satellite ŵakuwonelera ma TV ghanandi gha mu Africa, Asia, Brazil, na Europe.<ref>{{cite book|last=Berg|first=Jerome S.|title=Broadcasting on the Short Waves, 1945 to Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ux9fZj6izuEC&pg=PA221|publisher=McFarland|page=221|isbn=978-0786469024|date=24 October 2008|access-date=15 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002208/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ux9fZj6izuEC&pg=PA221|archive-date=4 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="salgado" /><ref name="salgado" /> === Sumo === Sumu za ku Mozambique zili na vilato vinandi. Vyakwimbira vikupangika na mawoko. Vyakwimbira vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵa ku Mozambique ŵakwimba ni viŵiya vya makuni na vikumba vya nyama; lupembe, cakwimbira ca makuni cakufuma ku masengwe gha vinyama; na marimba, mtundu unyake wa xylophone uwo uli ku Mozambique na vigaŵa vinyake vya mu Africa. Chiŵiya cha marimba ntchakumanyikwa chomene pakati pa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chopi awo ŵakukhala kumwera kwa charu ichi. ===National holidays=== {{Further|Public holidays in Mozambique}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! Siku !! National holiday designation !! Vyakulemba |- | 1 January || Universal fraternity day || New year |- | 3 February || Mozambican heroes day || In tribute to [[Eduardo Mondlane]] |- | 7 April || Mozambican women day || In tribute to [[Josina Machel]] |- | 1 May || International workers day || [[Workers' Day]] |- | 25 June || National Independence day || Independence proclamation in 1975 (from Portugal) |- | 7 September || Victory Day || In tribute to the [[Lusaka Accord]] signed in 1974 |- | 25 September || National Liberation Armed Forces Day || In tribute to the [[Mozambican War of Independence|start of the armed fight for national liberation]] |- | 4 October || Peace and Reconciliation || In tribute to the General Peace Agreement signed in Rome in 1992 |- | 25 December || Family Day || Christians also celebrate Christmas |} === Maseŵera === Mpira (Portuguese: futebol) ni maseŵero ghakumanyikwa comene mu Mozambique. Gulu la charu ichi ni timu ya ku Mozambique. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa maseŵero gha maseŵero ghakukhozga thupi na basketball. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa maseŵero agha, ndipo chiŵelengero chiwemi chomene cha timu iyi chikaŵa chachinayi pa FIRS Roller Hockey World Cup mu 2011. Gulu la mpira wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja la azimayi linamaliza 2nd ku 2018 ′′ 2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup. Mpikisano wa cricket wa ku Mozambique ndiwo ukusewera mu chalo ichi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mozambique defeat hosts Uganda in Olympic qualifier of women's beach volleyball|url=https://www.indiablooms.com/sports-details/SN/11488/mozambique-defeat-hosts-uganda-in-olympic-qualifier-of-women-s-beach-volleyball.html|access-date=7 January 2021 |work=India Blooms News Service |date=11 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Mozambique – Cultural institutions|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique/Cultural-institutions|access-date=21 January 2021|work=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]|date=26 January 2021|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026053343/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique/Cultural-institutions|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Wonaniso== {{Portal|Africa}} *[[Index of Mozambique-related articles]] *[[Outline of Mozambique]] == Ukaboni == {{Reflist}} ==Wonani vinandi== {{Refbegin}} *Abrahamsson, Hans, ''Mozambique: The Troubled Transition, from Socialist Construction to Free Market Capitalism'' London: Zed Books, 1995 *Bowen, Merle L., "The State against the Peasantry: Rural struggles in colonial and postcolonial Mozambique", Charlottesville & London, University Press of Virginia, 2000 *Cahen, Michel, ''Les bandits: un historien au Mozambique'', Paris: Gulbenkian, 1994 *Fialho Feliciano, José, "Antropologia económca dos Thonga do sul de Moçambique", Maputo, Arquivo Histórico de Moçamique, 1998 *Gengenbach, Heidi, "Binding Memories: Women as Makers and Tellers of History in Magude, Mozambique". Columbia University Press, 2004. [http://www.gutenberg-e.org/geh01/main.html Entire Text Online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326060841/http://www.gutenberg-e.org/geh01/main.html |date=26 March 2009 }} *Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Africa and America in The Sixties: A Decade That Changed The Nation and The Destiny of A Continent'', First Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, {{ISBN|978-0-9802534-2-9}} *Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era'', Third Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, "Chapter Seven: "The Struggle for Mozambique: The Founding of FRELIMO in Tanzania," pp.&nbsp;206–225, {{ISBN|978-0-9802534-1-2}} * Morier-Genoud, Eric, Cahen, Michel and do Rosário, Domingos M. (eds), ''The War Within New Perspectives on the Civil War in Mozambique, 1976–1992'' (Oxford: James Currey, 2018) * Morier-Genoud, Eric, "Mozambique since 1989: Shaping democracy after Socialism" in A.R.Mustapha & L.Whitfield (eds), ''Turning Points in African Democracy'', Oxford: James Currey, 2008, pp.&nbsp;153–166. *Newitt, Malyn, ''A History of Mozambique'' Indiana University Press. {{ISBN|1-85065-172-8}} *Pitcher, Anne, ''Transforming Mozambique: The politics of privatisation, 1975–2000'' Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002 *Varia, "Religion in Mozambique", ''LFM: Social sciences & Missions'' No. 17, December 2005 {{Refend}} ==Mabuku== * [[Mia Couto]], [[Sleepwalking Land]], 2006 * [[Laurent Gaudé]], ''Dans la nuit Mozambique'', [[Actes Sud]], 2007, {{ISBN|9782742767816}} * Michèle Manceaux, ''Les Femmes du Mozambique'', [[Mercure de France]], 1975 == Vigaŵa vya kuwalo == {{Sister project links|voy=Mozambique|d=Q1029}} '''Boma:''' *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719103603/http://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/ Republic of Mozambique] Official Government Portal '''Vyakulemba vinyake:''' *[http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/946981468287772139/Mozambique-then-and-now-an-atlas-of-socio-economic-statistics-1997-2007 Social Atlas] from [[World Bank]] *[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13890416 Country Profile] from [[BBC News]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210204143927/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique/ Mozambique]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081026035559/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mozambique.htm Mozambique] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' *{{curlie|Regional/Africa/Mozambique}} *{{wikiatlas|Mozambique}} *[http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MZ Key Development Forecasts for Mozambique] from [[International Futures]] '''Malo gha vyakuona:''' *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110921074338/http://www.niassareserve.org/ Niassa Reserve] Niassa National Reserve official website '''Umoyo:''' The State of the World's Midwifery – [http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/country_info/profile/en_Mozambique_SoWMy_Profile.pdf Mozambique Country Profile] {{Mozambique}} {{Mozambique topics}} {{Navboxes |list = {{Countries of Africa}} {{Indian Ocean}} {{Southern African Development Community}} {{Organisation of Islamic Cooperation|state=collapsed}} {{African Union}} {{Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP)|state=collapsed}} 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in Africa]] s1yqbgf5n4zdg7ksclleh08gpzb4k97 0 6951 121649 119740 2026-09-05T06:05:11Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Tawuni -> msumba 121649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa}} {{Redirect|Ruanda}} {{Pp-move|small=yes}} {{Featured article}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}} {{EngvarB|date=July 2022}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Charu cha Rwanda | common_name = Rwanda | native_name = {{nowrap|{{native name|rw|Repubulika y'u Rwanda}}<br />{{native name|fr|République du Rwanda}}<br />{{native name|sw|Jamhuri ya Rwanda}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Rwanda.svg | alt_flag = The flag of Rwanda: blue, yellow and green stripes with a yellow sun in top right corner | image_coat = Coat of arms of Rwanda.svg | alt_coat = The seal of Rwanda: central tribal devices, surmounted on a cog wheel and encircled by a square knot | symbol_type = Coat of arms | national_motto = "Ubumwe, Umurimo, Gukunda Igihugu" <br />(English: "Unity, Work, Patriotism")<br />(French: "Unité, Travail, Patriotisme")<br />(Swahili: "Umoja, Kazi, Uzalendo") | national_anthem = "{{lang|rw|[[Rwanda Nziza]]|italic=no}}"<br />({{Lang-en|"Beautiful Rwanda"}})<br /><div style="position: relative; top:0.2em;">{{center|[[File:Hymne National du Rwanda.ogg]]}}</div> | image_map = Location Rwanda AU Africa.svg | alt_map = | map_caption = {{map caption |countryprefix= |location_color=black |region=Africa |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[African Union]] |subregion_color=light blue}} | image_map2 = | capital = [[Kigali]] | coordinates = {{Coord|1|56|38|S|30|3|34|E|type:city(1,100,000)_region:RW-01|display=inline}} | largest_city = Kigali | official_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[Kinyarwanda]] | <!--PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE FRENCH WITHOUT DISCUSSION ON THE TALK PAGE--> |[[French language|French]] |[[English language|English]] |[[Swahili language|Swahili]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{ublist |99% [[Banyarwanda]]|—85% [[Hutu]] |—14% [[Tutsi]] |—1% [[Twa]]|1% Others<ref name="UN">{{cite web|title=Rwanda: A Brief History of the Country|url=http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/education/rwandagenocide.shtml|website=United Nations|access-date=4 April 2018|archive-date=24 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224221744/http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/education/rwandagenocide.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> }} | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = {{hlist|Rwandan|Rwandese}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential system|presidential]] [[republic]] under an [[authoritarian government]]<ref name="Thomson2018">{{cite book | author = Susan Thomson | date = 1 January 2018 | title = [[Rwanda: From Genocide to Precarious Peace]] | publisher = [[Yale University Press]] | pages = [https://books.google.com/books?id=Wb1TDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA189 189]– | isbn = 978-0-300-19739-6 | oclc = 1002129858}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Matfess |first1=Hilary |title=Rwanda and Ethiopia: Developmental Authoritarianism and the New Politics of African Strong Men |journal=African Studies Review |date=2015 |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=181–204 |doi=10.1017/asr.2015.43|s2cid=143013060 }}</ref> | leader_title1 = [[List of Presidents of Rwanda|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Paul Kagame]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Rwanda|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Édouard Ngirente]] | legislature = [[Parliament of Rwanda|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Senate (Rwanda)|Senate]] | lower_house = {{nowrap|[[Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda)|Chamber of Deputies]]}} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Rwanda|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[Kingdom of Rwanda]] | established_date1 = 15th century | established_event2 = Part of [[German East Africa]] | established_date2 = 1897–1916 | established_event3 = Part of [[Ruanda-Urundi]] | established_date3 = 1916–1962 | established_event4 = [[Rwandan Revolution]] | established_date4 = 1959–1961 | established_event5 = [[Republic of Rwanda|Republic declared]] | established_date5 = 1 July 1961 | established_event6 = Independence from [[Belgium]] | established_date6 = 1 July 1962 | established_event7 = Admitted to the [[United Nations|UN]] | established_date7 = 18 September 1962 | established_event8 = [[Constitution of Rwanda|Current constitution]] | established_date8 = 26 May 2003 | area_km2 = 26,338 | area_rank = 144th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_sq_mi = 10,169 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 5.3 | population_estimate = | population_census = 13,246,394{{sfn|National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda|2014|p=3}} | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_estimate_rank = 76th | population_census_year = 2022 | population_density_km2 = 470 | population_density_sq_mi = 1,217 | population_density_rank = 22nd | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $37.5 billion <ref name="IMFWEORW">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022|date=October 2022|website=IMF.org|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|access-date= October 11, 2022}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_rank = 139th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $2,836<ref name="IMFWEORW"/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 170th | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $12.1 billion<ref name="IMFWEORW"/> | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 148th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $912<ref name="IMFWEORW"/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 172th | Gini = 43.7 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2016 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = {{sfn|World Bank (XII)}} | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.534 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2021<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=8 September 2022}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 165th | currency = [[Rwandan franc]] | currency_code = RWF | time_zone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+250]] | cctld = [[.rw]] | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |93.8% [[Christianity]] |3.0% [[Irreligion|No religion]] |2.2% [[Islam in Rwanda|Islam]] |1.0% Others<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/rwanda#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020&region_name=All+Countries&restrictions_year=2016|title=Religions in Rwanda &#124; PEW-GRF|website=globalreligiousfutures.org}}</ref>}} }} '''Rwanda''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=Rwanda pronunciation.ogg|r|u|ˈ|ɑː|n|d|ə|,_|-|ˈ|æ|n|-}}; {{lang-rw|u Rwanda}} {{IPA-rw|u.ɾɡwaː.nda||Rwanda (rw) pronunciation.ogg}}), mwalamulo, '''Charu cha Rwanda''',<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government of Rwanda: Welcome to Rwanda|url=https://www.gov.rw/|access-date=22 February 2021|archive-date=23 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223181954/https://www.gov.rw/|url-status=live}}</ref>ntcharu icho chili ku chigaŵa cha [[Great Rift Valley]] ku Central Africa, uko chigaŵa cha [[African Great Lakes]] chikukumana na kumwera kwa [[Africa]]. Charu cha Rwanda chili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa [[Equator]], ndipo chili kufupi na [[Uganda]], [[Tanzania]], [[Burundi]], na [[Democratic Republic of Congo]]. Charu ichi chili pachanya chomene, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakucichema kuti "charu cha tumapiri 1,000". Mu charu ichi muli mphepo yakuzizima chomene, ndipo chaka chilichose kukuŵa nyengo ziŵiri za vula na nyengo ziŵiri za chilangalanga. Charu ichi ndicho chili na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene mu Africa. Msumba wake ukuru ni Kigali. Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakaŵa awo ŵakalondezganga ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu. Ŵanthu ŵakamba kuzgoka mafuko, ndipo pamanyuma ŵakazgoka maufumu. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500, ufumu unyake uwo ukalongozgekanga na [[Themba Gihanga]], ukakolerana na vigaŵa vinyake ivyo vikaŵa pafupi na charu cha Rwanda. Ufumu wa Rwanda ndiwo ukaŵa na mazaza kwambira pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ndipo mafumu gha Ŵatutsi ghakatimbanizganga ŵanyawo, na kuŵika mazaza ghawo paŵekha, kweniso ŵakakanizganga Ŵahutu. Mu 1897, caru ca [[Germany]] cikamba kulamulira caru ca Rwanda, ico cikaŵa cigaŵa ca German East Africa. Vyaru vyose viŵiri vya ku Europe vikawusa kwizira mwa fumu ya ku Rwanda ndipo vikalutilira kovwira Ŵatutsi. Mu 1959, Ŵahutu ŵakagaluka. Ŵakakoma Ŵatutsi ŵanandi ndipo ŵakambiska boma lakujiyimira paŵekha la Ŵahutu mu 1962, ilo likaŵa na pulezidenti Grégoire Kayibanda. Mu 1973, ŵasilikari ŵakamuwuskapo Kayibanda na kwiza na Juvénal Habyarimana ku boma. Mu 1990, gulu la Tutsi lakucemeka Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) likambiska nkhondo. Habyarimana wakakomeka mu Epulero 1994. Nkhondo ya ku Rwanda iyo yikatora mazuŵa 100, yikapangiska kuti paŵe mphindano. Gulu la RPF likamalizga kukoma ŵanthu mwa nkhondo mu Julayi 1994. Nangauli vimbundi vikuru yayi mu charu cha Rwanda pakuyaniska na vyaru vinyake, kweni charu ichi chili na vimbundi vinandi chomene pa charu chose. Ŵanthu ŵa mu charu ichi mbawukirano ndipo ŵanandi ŵakukhala ku mizi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakufuma ku fuko limoza pera, Ŵarwanda. Ndipouli, mu gulu ili muli magulu ghatatu: Ŵahutu, Ŵatutsi, na Ŵatwa. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa ŵakukhala mu nkhorongo ndipo kanandi ŵakuwoneka kuti mbana ŵa ŵanthu ŵakwambilira awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu cha Rwanda. Chikhristu ndicho ntchisopa chikuru chomene mu charu ichi. Chiyowoyero chikuru mu charu ichi ni Chikinyarwanda. Vyaru vya ku Rwanda vikuthemba pa ulimi. Mu Rwanda, khofi na tiyi ni vyakurya vikuru ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuguliska. Ntchito ya kwendakwenda yikukura mwaluŵiro comene ndipo sono ndiyo yikupangiska ndalama zinandi mu caru ici. Charu ichi chili mu wupu wa African Union, United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, COMESA, OIF na East African Community. == Mbili == {{Main|History of Rwanda|German East Africa|Ruanda-Urundi}} Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu icho sono chikuchemeka Rwanda ŵakamba kukhala mu nyengo ya chiwuvi chaumaliro, mu nyengo ya Neolithic, kuzingilizga chaka cha 8000 B.C.E., panji mu nyengo ya nyengo ya chinyezi iyo yikalondezganga, kuzingilizga chaka cha 3000 B.C.E. Ivyo ŵanthu ŵakufukura vinthu vyakale ŵali kusanga vikulongora kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga ku malo agha ŵakaŵa ŵalovi na ŵakuwunjika viswaswa mu nyengo ya malibwe, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakhalanga ku malo agha mu nyengo ya Iron Age.{{sfn|Dorsey|1994|p=36}}{{sfn|Chrétien|2003|p=45}}Ŵanthu ŵakwambilira aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵasekuru ŵa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa, awo ŵakukhala mu charu cha Rwanda mazuŵa ghano. Pakati pa 700 B.C.E. na 1500 C.E., ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵakaluta ku Rwanda, ndipo ŵakamba kulima makuni. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa awo ŵakakhalanga mu nkhorongo ŵakataya malo ghanandi agho ŵakakhalanga. Ŵanthu ŵakumanya mdauko ŵali na vigomezgo vinandi vyakukhwaskana na umo ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵakasamukiranga ku vyaru vinyake. Fundo yinyake njakuti ŵanthu aŵa ŵakendanga pachokopachoko ndipo ŵakendanga mwakukhazikika. Kuyana na fundo iyi, mphambano pakati pa Ŵahutu na Ŵatutsi yikaŵako pamanyuma ndipo yikaŵa ya mtundu yayi kweni ya ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghanyake.{{sfn|Chrétien|2003|p=69}}{{sfn|Shyaka|pp=10–11}} [[File:Rwanda Nyanza Mwami Palace.jpg|thumb|left|A reconstruction of the ancient King's Palace at [[Nyanza, Rwanda|Nyanza]]]] Mtundu wakwambilira wa ŵanthu mu chigaŵa ichi ukaŵa mbumba (ubwoko). Ŵakaŵa ŵa mafuko ghanandi, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakaŵa Ŵahutu, Ŵatutsi, na Ŵatwa. Kwambira mu ma 1500, mafuko ghakamba kuzgoka maufumu. Ufumu unyake, uwo ukaŵa pasi pa Themba Gihanga, ukapanga vigaŵa vinandi ivyo vikaŵa pafupi na ufumu wa Rwanda. Kuzakafika mu 1700, mu caru ico sono cikucemeka Rwanda mukaŵa maufumu pafupifupi 8. Limoza mwa maufumu agha ni Ufumu wa Rwanda, uwo ukawusikanga na mbumba ya Tutsi Nyiginya. Ufumu uwu ukafika paheni chomene mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800 apo Themba Kigeli Rwabugiri likawusanga. Rwabugiri wakathereska vigaŵa vichoko waka, wakasazgirako ufumu wake kumanjiliro gha dazi na kumpoto, ndipo wakambiska vyakusintha mu boma. Mu vigaŵa ivi mukaŵa ubuhake, umo ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi ŵakapelekanga viŵeto ku ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Hutu panji Tutsi kuti ŵaŵateŵetere. Cifukwa ca kusintha kwa Rwabugiri, pakaŵa mphindano pakati pa Ŵahutu na Ŵatutsi. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa ŵakakhalanga makora kuluska mu nyengo iyo Ufumu ukaŵa kuti undaŵeko, ndipo ŵanyake ŵakayamba kuvina mu nyumba ya ufumu, kweni unandi wawo ukalutilira kuchepa.{{sfn|Prunier|1995|p=6}} Pa ungano wa ku Berlin mu 1884, ufumu wa Germany ukazomerezga kuti malo agha ghaŵe chigaŵa cha German East Africa. Mu 1894, Gustav Adolf von Götzen wakaŵa munthu wakwamba wa ku Europe kwambuka charu chose cha Rwanda. Mu 1897, caru ca Germany cikamba kukhala mu caru ca Rwanda cifukwa ca kukolerana na fumu, ndipo ici cikapangiska kuti caru ici ciŵe na mazaza pa caru ici. Ŵachijeremani ŵakasintha yayi umo vinthu vikaŵira mu charu, kweni ŵakakhozgeranga themba na ŵamazaza awo ŵakaŵapo kale. Ŵalongozgi ŵa charu cha Belgium ŵakanjilira mu vyaru vya Rwanda na Burundi mu 1916, mu nyengo ya Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose, ndipo mu 1922, ŵakamba kuwusa vyaru vya Rwanda na Burundi nga ni gulu la vyaru ivyo vikacemekanga Ruanda-Urundi. Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Germany na Belgium, ŵakati ŵamba kugalukira boma la Britain, ŵakamba kuwona kuti Ŵahutu na Ŵahutu mbakupambana. Mu 1935, caru ca Belgium cikamba kupanga makadi ghakumanyikwa nagho munthu waliyose uyo ni Mututsi, Muhutu, Twa, panji munthu uyo wali na cikaya. Nangauli kale Ŵahutu awo ŵakaŵa ŵasambazi chomene ŵakazomerezgekanga kuŵa Ŵatutsi, kweni makadi agha ghakatondeskanga ŵanthu kusama.{{sfn|Gourevitch|2000|pp=56–57}} [[File:Juvénal Habyarimana (1980).jpg|thumb|upright|right|[[Juvénal Habyarimana]], president from 1973 to 1994|alt=Photograph of President Juvénal Habyarimana arriving with entourage at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, USA on 25 September 1980.]] Belgium yikalutilira kuwusa Ruanda-Urundi (uko Rwanda ukaŵa kumpoto kwake) nga ni cigaŵa ca UN pamanyuma pa Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose.{{sfn|United Nations (II)}}{{sfn|United Nations (III)}}Vinthu vikasintha chomene pakati pa Ŵatutsi, awo ŵakakhumbanga kuti charu chiŵe na wanangwa, na Ŵahutu awo ŵakakhumbanga kuti charu chiŵe na wanangwa. Mu 1961, ŵanthu ŵa ku Belgium awo ŵakaŵa ku chigaŵa cha Ŵahutu, ŵakacita phangano la ŵanthu wose. Charu cha Rwanda chikapatukana na charu cha Burundi ndipo chikaŵa pa mtende pa Julayi 1, 1962. Kufuma apo, pakaŵaso nkhaza zinandi, ndipo Ŵakututsi awo ŵakaŵa ku wuzga ŵakaŵawukira kufuma ku vyaru vyapafupi. Mu 1973, Juvénal Habyarimana wakatora mazaza mwa kuwukira boma. Ŵanthu ŵakalutilira kusankhana mitundu, kweni vinthu vikendanga makora pa nkhani ya vyachuma ndipo nkhaza izo ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi ŵakachitiranga zikakwera. Ŵanthu ŵa fuko la Twa ŵakalutilira kukhala ku mizi, ndipo mu 1990 boma likaŵachimbizga mu nkhorongo. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakakwera kufuma pa 1.6 miliyoni mu 1934 kufika pa 7.1 miliyoni mu 1989, ndipo ichi chikapangiska kuti paŵe mpikisano wa malo.{{sfn|Prunier|1995|p=4}} [[File:Nyamata Memorial Site 13.jpg|thumb|left|Human skulls at the [[Nyamata]] Genocide Memorial]] Mu 1990, gulu lakugaluka lakucemeka Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), ilo likaŵa na ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi, likapoka caru ca kumpoto kwa Rwanda kufuma ku Uganda, ndipo likambiska nkhondo ya pa cikaya. Wupu uwu ukasuska boma la Ŵahutu cifukwa ca kutondeka kusinthiska vinthu na kumazga masuzgo gha ŵanthu aŵa. Pa nkhondo iyi, palije chigaŵa icho chikaŵa na mazaza, kweni mu 1992 mazaza gha Habyarimana ghakachepa. Kulekeska nkhondo kukamara pa 6 Epulero 1994 apo ndege ya Habyarimana yikadumulika kufupi na chiŵanja cha ndege cha Kigali, ndipo wakafwa. Kuwiskira pasi ndege iyi ndiko kukapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Rwanda ŵakomeke. Mu mazuŵa pafupifupi 100, ŵanthu pakati pa 500,000 na 1,000,000 ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi na Ŵahutu awo ŵakaŵa ŵakujiyuyura ŵakakomeka na boma la kanyengo. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Twa nawo ŵakakomeka, nangauli ŵakakomeka mwakudunjika yayi.{{sfn|UNPO|2008|loc=History}} Gulu la Tutsi la RPF likambaso nkhondo, ndipo likamba kuwusa charu chose mu mwezi wa Julayi. Vyaru vinandi vikaleka kovwirapo pa nkhondo iyi, cifukwa vyaru vikuruvikuru vikakhumbanga yayi kukhozga ŵasilikari ŵa UN. Apo RPF yikamba kuwusa, Ŵahutu pafupifupi mamiliyoni ghaŵiri ŵakacimbilira ku vyaru vyapafupi, comenecomene Zaire, cifukwa ca kopa kuwezgera nduzga. Mu charu cha Rwanda, pakaŵa mtende na urunji, ndipo khoti la International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) likakhazikiskika. Kufuma mu 2000, chuma cha ku Rwanda, unandi wa ŵalendo, na Human Development Index vikukura mwaluŵiro; pakati pa 2006 na 2011 ukavu ukakhira kufuma pa 57% kufika pa 45%, apo umoyo ukafuma pa 46.6 mu 2000 kufika pa 65.4 mu 2021.{{sfn|CIA (I)}} == Ndale na boma == {{Main|Politics of Rwanda|Foreign relations of Rwanda|Rwanda Defence Force}} [[File:Paul Kagame 2014.jpg|thumb|upright|Rwandan President [[Paul Kagame]]|alt=Photograph of Paul Kagame, taken in Busan, South Korea, in 2014]] Pulezidenti wa Rwanda ni mutu wa boma, ndipo wali na mazaza ghakupambanapambana kusazgapo kupanga ndondomeko pamoza na Kabinete ya Rwanda,{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} kugwiliskira nchito mazaza gha lusungu, kulongozga ŵasilikari, kuyowoyeskana na kuzomerezga mapangano, kusaina malango gha pulezidenti, na kupharazga nkhondo panji suzgo. Pa vilimika vinkhondi na viŵiri vilivyose, pulezidenti wakusankhika na ŵanthu, ndipo wakwimika nduna yikuru na mamembara ghanyake ghose gha nduna{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}}. Pulezidenti wa sono ni Paul Kagame, uyo wakamba kuwusa apo Pasteur Bizimungu, uyo wakaŵapo pambere iyo wandawuse, wakafumapo mu 2000. Pamanyuma, Kagame wakathereska mavoti mu 2003 na 2010. Nangauli mawupu ghakuvikilira wanangwa wa ŵanthu ghakususka kuti pa mavoti agha "pakaŵa nkhaza zinandi za ndyali na kukanizga wanangwa wa kuyowoya". Ndime 101 ya dango la chalo iyi yikaŵa kuti yikukanizga kuti pulezidenti wangakhalanga nyengo ziŵiri pera, kweni ivi vikasinthika mu 2015 apo pakaŵa fundo ya ŵanthu wose. Kwizira mu kusintha kwa dango ili, Kagame wangalutilira kuŵa pulezidenti mpaka mu 2034. Kagame wakasankhika kachitatu mu 2017 na mavoti 98.79%.{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} Ndondomeko iyi yikapokelereka mu 2003, ndipo yikanjira mu malo mwa ndondomeko iyo yikaŵa mu malo mwa 1994. Ndondomeko iyi yikukhumba kuti maboma gha vipani vinandi ghaŵepo. Ndipouli, dango likukanizga kuti ŵandyali ŵachitenge vinthu vinyake. Ndime 54 yikati "magulu gha ndyali ghakukanizgika kujendera mtundu, mtundu, fuko, mbumba, chigaŵa, kugonana, cisopa panji cigaŵa cinyake ico cingapangiska kusankhana". Kweniso boma la Russia laŵika malango ghakukanizga ŵanthu kusopa vikozgo. Kuyana na wupu wa Human Rights Watch, malango agha ghakupangiska kuti caru ca Rwanda ciŵe na boma la chipani cimoza, cifukwa "pakujibisa kuti cikukhumba kukanizga kukoma ŵanthu ŵanandi, boma likukana ŵanthu wose awo ŵakususka fundo za boma". Bungwe la Amnesty International nalo likususka; mu lipoti lake la mu 2014/15, likati malango agho ghakukanizga kuwukira panji kutimbanizga mtende pakati pa ŵanthu ghakugwiliskirika nchito kuti ŵanthu ŵakakike "pakuti ŵakulondezga wanangwa wawo wa kuwungana panji kuyowoya maghanoghano ghawo".{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} Nyumba ya Malamulo yili na vipinda viŵiri. Likupanga malango ndipo lili na mazaza ghakuwonera milimo ya pulezidenti na nduna. Nyumba ya mafumu yili na ŵanthu 80 ndipo waliyose wakuŵa na vyaka vinkhondi. Viŵalo 24 vya mu wupu uwu ni vya ŵanakazi, ndipo ŵakusankhika pa ungano wa ŵalara ŵa boma; viŵalo vinyake vitatu ni vya ŵawukirano na ŵanthu ŵakupendera. Kufumila pa mavoti gha 2018, banthu bakusoleka mu chalo ichi bakukhalapo ŵanakazi 49, kufuma pa 51 mu chaka cha 2013. Nyumba yikuru ya malango ni Senate, iyo yili na ŵanthu 26, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakuyimilira ŵakusoleka na maboma ghakupambanapambana. Ŵanakazi ndiwo ŵakwenera kuŵa pa ciŵelengero ca ŵapharazgi 30 pa 100. Ŵabali ŵa mu wupu wakuwona vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵakuteŵetera vyaka 8.{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} (Wonaniso [[Gender equality in Rwanda]].)[[File:RwandaParliament.jpg|thumb|left|[[Chamber of Deputies of Rwanda|Chamber of Deputies building]]|alt=Photograph of the Chamber of Deputies with highway in the foreground]] Ndondomeko ya malango ya ku Rwanda yikukolerana comene na malango gha boma la Germany na Belgium kweniso malango gha cikaya. Ŵeruzgi ŵakujiyimira ŵekha, nangauli pulezidenti na Senate ndiwo ŵakwimika ŵeruzgi ŵa Khoti Likuru Chomene. Wupu wa Human Rights Watch wawonga boma la Rwanda chifukwa cha ivyo likucita pakupeleka urunji, kusazgapo kuwuskapo cilango ca nyifwa, kweni ukuyowoya kuti ŵanthu ŵa boma ŵakunjilirapo pa vyeruzgo, nga ni kwimika ŵeruzgi cifukwa ca ndyali, kugwiliskira nchito uheni mazaza gha ŵeruzgi, na kuŵasuzga kuti ŵeruzgi ŵachitenge vinthu vinyake. Pa malango gha boma pali mitundu yiŵiri ya makhoti: ghacilendo na ghapadera. Makhoti ghakurughakuru ni Khoti Likuru Chomene, Khoti Likuru Chomene, na makhoti gha vigaŵa, apo makhoti ghakupambanapambana ni makhoti gha ŵasilikari kweniso makhoti gha malonda agho ghakaŵako mu 2011 kuti ghapwelelere milandu ya malonda. Pakati pa 2004 na 2012, makhoti gha Gacaca ghakaŵako. Khoti la Gacaca, ilo ni khoti la ku Rwanda ilo likwendeskeka na ŵanthu ŵa mu mizi na vikaya, likaŵasopo kuti lichitiske luŵiro milandu ya ŵanthu awo ŵakukayikira kuti ŵakakomeka. Khoti ili likawuskapo milandu yinandi ya kukoma ŵanthu, kweni ŵanthu ŵakususka kuti likulondezga yayi malango. Mu 2014, wupu wa Transparency International ukawona kuti charu cha Rwanda ntchakutowa chomene pa vyaru 47 vya ku Sub-Saharan Africa, ndipo ntchakutowa chomene pa vyaru 55 pa vyaru 175.{{sfn|Transparency International|2014}}{{sfn|Agutamba|2014}} Ndondomeko ya boma yikupanga ombudsman, uyo wali na mulimo wa kukanizga na kulimbana na vimbundi. Ndondomeko ya boma yikukhumba kuti ŵalara ŵa boma (nga ni pulezidenti) ŵapharazge vya usambazi wawo kwa ombudsman na ku ŵanthu. Nangauli vili nthena, wupu wa Human Rights Watch ukuwona kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakusuzgika chifukwa cha ndyali mu charu chose ichi, kusazgapo kukakika mwambura kuzomerezgeka na ŵanthu ŵanyake, kuwofyeka panji kofya ŵanthu, kuzgoreka mulandu chifukwa cha ndyali, na kukoma ŵanthu awo ŵakasuskanga mwa mtende.<ref name=Roth>{{cite book |last1=Roth |first1=Kenneth |title=Rwanda Events of 2019 |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/rwanda |website=Human Rights Watch |date=10 December 2019 |access-date=4 April 2022}}</ref> Gulu la Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) ndilo likulamulira chomene mu charu ichi kwambira mu 1994. RPF yasungilira mazaza gha pulezidenti na pharalamende mu mavoti gha charu chose, ndipo chiŵerengero cha mavoti gha chipani ichi chikuluta 70%. Gulu la RPF likuwoneka nga ni chipani icho ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi ndiwo ŵakulongozga, kweni likupokelera wovwiri kufuma mu vyaru vyose, ndipo likuzomerezgeka kuti likovwira kuti paŵe mtende, kukhazikika, na kukura kwa chuma. Kuyana na lipoti la wupu wakuvikilira wanangwa wa ŵanthu wa Freedom House wa mu 2015, boma likukanizga wanangwa wa magulu ghakwimikana na boma cifukwa cakuti RPF "yikatondeska vyaru viphya kujilembeska na kukora ŵalongozgi ŵa vyaru vinyake ivyo vikaŵapo kale, ndipo ŵakaŵakanizga kupeleka ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kunjira mu mavoti". Bungwe la Amnesty International likuyowoyaso kuti RPF yikulongozga Rwanda "kwambura wakususka".{{sfn|Amnesty International|2015|p=310}} Charu cha Rwanda chili mu wupu wa United Nations, African Union, Francophonie, East African Community, na Commonwealth of Nations. Kwa vilimika vinandi mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Habyarimana, caru ici cikaŵa paubwezi wakukhora na caru ca France, kweniso na Belgium, caru ico kale cikaŵa pasi pa caru ici. Ndipouli, pasi pa muwuso wa RPF, caru ca Rwanda cikukhumba kukolerana comene na vyaru vyapafupi mu East African Community ndiposo caru ca ciyowoyero ca Cingelezi. Vyaru ivi vikamba kwendera lumoza na boma la France mu 2006 pamanyuma pakuti khoti la ku France lazenga mulandu ŵalara ŵa boma la Rwanda. Ubale na Democratic Republic of the Congo ukaŵa wakusuzga cifukwa cakuti Rwanda yikaŵapo pa Nkhondo Yakwamba na Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo. Mu 2010, wupu wa United Nations ukafumiska lipoti ilo likaphalira ŵasilikari ŵa ku Rwanda kuti ŵakachitanga viheni vikuruvikuru na kuswa wanangwa wa ŵanthu mu Democratic Republic of Congo mu nyengo ya Nkhondo Yakwamba na Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo. Ubwezi wawo ukakhora comene mu 2012, apo boma la Kinshasa likayowoya kuti caru ca Rwanda cikovwira gulu lakugaluka la M23, ilo lili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Congo. Kuzakafika mu 2015, mtende waŵaso ndipo vinthu vikwenda makora. Ubwezi wa Rwanda na Uganda ukaŵa wakusuzga mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 pamanyuma pa nkhondo ya mu 1999 pakati pa ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru viŵiri apo ŵakakhozgeranga magulu gha ŵakugaluka mu Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo, kweni ukakhora chomene mu vyaka vya m'ma 2010. Mu chaka cha 2019, ubwezi pakati pa vyaru viŵiri ivi ukasuzgika, ndipo Rwanda yikajara mphaka zake na Uganda.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-08/why-a-closed-border-has-uganda-rwanda-at-loggerheads-quicktake|title=Why a Closed Border Has Uganda, Rwanda at Loggerheads|first=David|last=Malingha|publisher=Bloomberg|date=8 March 2019|access-date=9 March 2020|archive-date=20 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420234647/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-08/why-a-closed-border-has-uganda-rwanda-at-loggerheads-quicktake|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-21/uganda-rwanda-hold-talks-on-security-concerns-reopening-border|title=Uganda, Rwanda Hold Talks On Security Concerns, Reopening Border|first1=Saul|last1=Butera|first2=Fred|last2=Ojambo|publisher=Bloomberg|date=21 February 2020|access-date=9 March 2020|archive-date=6 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200306072656/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-21/uganda-rwanda-hold-talks-on-security-concerns-reopening-border|url-status=live}}</ref> == Kugawikana kwa boma == {{Further|Decentralization in Rwanda|}} [[File:RwandaGeoProvinces.png|thumb|Provinces of Rwanda|alt=Map of Rwanda showing the five provinces in various colours, as well as major cities, lakes, rivers, and areas of neighbouring countries]] Pambere ŵanthu ŵa ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi ŵandambe kulamulira charu ichi, boma la Rwanda likaŵa na ndondomeko ya ndyali.{{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}} Nangauli pakaŵa ndondomeko yakukwana, kweni boma lakwamba likakhazikiskanga ndondomeko yakukolerana ya "maufumu ghakupambanapambana". Mu nyengo ya themba, mulongozgi uyo wakasankhika ndiyo wakalamuliranga chigaŵa icho chikagaŵika mu vigaŵa vinandi. Ŵalaraŵalara ŵaŵiri awo ŵakimikika na mulongozgi wa vigaŵa ŵakalongozganga vigaŵa; mulara yumoza wakapika mazaza pa malo apo munyake wakalaŵiliranga viŵeto. Themba (mwami) likaŵa na vigaŵa, vigaŵa, tumapiri, na vigaŵa. Kufumira mu 2003, malango gha charu cha Rwanda ghakagaŵa vigaŵa (intara), vigaŵa (uturere), misumba, mamsumba, vigaŵa (imirenge), maselo (utugari), na mizi (imidugudu); vigaŵa vikuruvikuru, na mphaka zawo, vikupangika na pharalamende. Mu Janyuwale 2006, charu cha Rwanda chikasinthika ndipo chigaŵa chimoza chikaŵa na vigaŵa 12, ndipo chigaŵa chinyake chikaŵa na vigaŵa 30. {{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}}Malire agho ghalipo sono, agho ghakalembeka mu 2006, ghakukhumba kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuŵa na mazaza pa charu chose kweniso kuti ŵaleke kukolerana na ndondomeko yakale na kukoma ŵanthu. Vyaru vikuruvikuru ivyo vikaŵa na vigaŵa 12 vikaŵa na vigaŵa vinkhondi. Malo agha ni Northern Province, Southern Province, Eastern Province, Western Province, na Municipality of Kigali mu pakati.{{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}} Vigaŵa vinkhondi ivi vikovwira kuti boma na vigaŵa vyawo viŵe paubwezi. Ndondomeko ya Rwanda Decentralization Strategic Framework iyo yikapangika na Unduna wa Vyaru yikuphalira vigaŵa kuti viŵe na mulimo wa "kurongozga vinthu vyakukhwaskana na muwuso mu vigaŵa, kweniso kulaŵilira na kupima". Chigaŵa chilichose chikulongozgeka na kazembe, uyo wakusankhika na pulezidenti na kuzomerezgeka na Senate. Vigaŵa ivi ni ivyo vikulaŵilira mulimo wa kupeleka mauteŵeti gha boma na kukhozga chuma. Ŵakugaŵikana mu vigaŵa, ndipo vigaŵa ivi ndivyo vikupeleka mauteŵeti gha boma. Vigaŵa na vigaŵa vikuŵa na makonsili agho ghakuwusika na ŵanthu, ndipo ghakulongozgeka na komiti iyo yikusankhika na makonsili agha. Vipinda na vikaya ni vigaŵa vichoko comene vya ndyali, ndipo vikovwira ŵanthu na vigaŵa. Ŵanthu wose ŵakukhwima awo ŵakukhala mu cigaŵa ici ŵali mu wupu wa vigaŵa vyawo, uwo ukuŵa na wupu wakulamulira. Msumba wa Kigali ni boma la chigaŵa, ilo likulaŵilira ndondomeko ya vinthu vya mu msumba.{{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}} == Makhalilo gha charu == {{Main|Geography of Rwanda}} [[File:Rwanda Topography.png|thumb|upright=1.3|Topography of Rwanda]] Pa malo ghakukwana 26,338 square kilometres (10,169 sq mi), Rwanda ni chalo cha 149 pa vyaru vikuruvikuru pa charu chose chapasi, ndipo ndico nchigaŵa cacinayi pa vyaru vikuruvikuru mu Africa pamanyuma pa Gambia, Eswatini, na Djibouti. Charu ichi chili nga ni Burundi, Haiti, na Albania. Charu chose chili pachanya chomene. Malo ghachoko chomene ni Mlonga wa Rusizi. Charu cha Rwanda chili ku Central/Eastern Africa, ndipo chili na mphaka na Democratic Republic of Congo kumanjiliro gha dazi, Uganda kumpoto, Tanzania kumafumiro gha dazi, na Burundi kumwera. Charu ichi chili ku malo ghapacanya comene ndipo kulije maji. Msumba ukuru wa Kigali uli pafupi na pakati pa charu cha Rwanda.{{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2010}} Malo agho ghakukolerana na maji gha mu Congo na Nile ghakwenda kufuma kumpoto kuya kumwera mu Rwanda, ndipo pafupifupi 80% ya malo gha mu charu ichi ghakukhira mu Nile na 20% mu Congo kwizira mu Mlonga wa Rusizi na Nyanja ya Tanganyika. Mlonga utali comene wa mu caru ici ni Nyabarongo, uwo ukufuma kumwera ca kumanjiliro gha dazi, ukuyerera kumpoto, kumafumiro gha dazi, na kumwera kwa kumafumiro gha dazi pambere undapange Kagera. Mlonga wa Nyabarongo-Kagera ukuthira mu Nyanja ya Victoria, ndipo uko ukufuma mu nkhorongo ya Nyungwe ndiko kukumanyikwa uko Nile yikufuma. Ku Rwanda kuli nyanja zinandi, ndipo yikuru comene ni Nyanja ya Kivu. Nyanja iyi yikukhala pasi pa Albertine Rift mumphepete mwa mphaka ya kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda, ndipo njimoza mwa nyanja zakunyang'amira chomene pa charu chapasi. Maziŵa ghanyake ghakuru ni Burera, Ruhondo, Muhazi, Rweru, na Ihema. Mu chigaŵa chapakati na kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda muli mapiri, ndipo nyengo zinyake charu ichi chikuchemeka "Pays des mille collines" mu Chifurenchi. Chigaŵa ichi chili ku mapiri gha Albertine Rift Mountains, agho ghakukolerana na chigaŵa cha East African Rift, icho chikwenda kufuma kumpoto kuya kumwera kufupi na mphaka ya kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda. Vipiri vikuruvikuru vikusangika mu Virunga volcano chain ku northwest; ichi chikusazgapo Phiri la Karisimbi, malo ghakuru chomene mu Rwanda, pa mamita 4,507. Chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu ichi chili mukati mwa nkhorongo ya Albertine Rift. Malo agha ghali pa mtunda wa mamita 1,500 m'paka 2,500. Pakati pa caru pali mapiri ghanandi, ndipo kumafumiro gha dazi kwa caru ici kuli mapiri gha savanna, mapiri na vyakumera.{{sfn|Munyakazi|Ntagaramba|2005|p=18}} === Nyengo === [[File:RwandaVolcanoAndLake cropped2.jpg|thumb|Lake and volcano in the [[Virunga Mountains]]|alt=Photograph of a lake with one of the Virunga mountains behind, partially in cloud]] Charu cha Rwanda chili na mphepo yakuzizima chomene, ndipo chifukwa chakuti chili pa mtunda utali chomene, mphepo yake njakukhoma chomene. Mu msumba wa Kigali, uwo uli pakatikati pa charu ichi, zuŵa lililose kutentha kwake kukuŵa pakati pa 15 na 28 °C.{{sfn|Strategic Foresight Group|2013|p=29}} Mu vyaru vinandi, matenthedwe ghakupambana. Mu chaka muli nyengo ziŵiri za vula, yakwamba yikwamba mu Febuluwale m'paka Juni ndipo yachiŵiri yikumalira mu Seputembala m'paka Disembala. Nyengo iyi yikupambana mu vigaŵa viŵiri: nyengo yikuru yikwamba mu Juni m'paka Seputembala, ndipo kanandi kukuŵavya vula. Vikuŵa vyakupambana mu vigaŵa vya charu ichi. Pakuti charu chikusintha, nyengo ya vula yikusintha. Lipoti linyake la wupu unyake likati kusintha kwa nyengo kwachepeska mazuŵa agho kukulokwa vula pa chaka, kweniso kwachitiska kuti vula zinandi zilokenge. Vinthu ivi vyapangiska kuti ŵalimi ŵasuzgikenge, ndipo vyakhwaska vipasi. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuwona kuti charu cha Rwanda chikusintha mwaluŵiro, ndipo pa vyaka 50 ivyo vyajumpha, matenthedwe ghakukwera pakati pa 0.7°C na 0.9°C.{{sfn|Strategic Foresight Group|2013|p=29}} === Vyamoyo === {{Main|Wildlife of Rwanda}} [[File:Mountain gorilla from Susa Group in Karisimbi thicket of Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda. Emmanuel Kwizera.jpg|left|thumb|[[Volcanoes National Park]] is the home of the largest population of [[Mountain Gorillas]] in the world.]] Mu nyengo yakale, nkhorongo ya mu mapiri yikaŵa pafupifupi cigaŵa cimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu vya caru ca Rwanda. Sono vyakumera vikusangika mu malo ghakukhala ŵanthu ŵatatu pera. Nkhorongo yikuru comene ya Nyungwe, yili na mitundu 200 ya makuni, makuni gha orchids na begonias. Vyakumera mu Virwa vya Volcanoes National Park ni vikhuni vya nkhonyo na vyakumera. Kweni ku Akagera kuli nkhorongo iyo kuli makuni ghanandi gha akasiya. Ku Akagera kuli vyakumera vinandi ivyo ni vichoko panji vili pangozi ya kumara, nga ni Markhamia lutea na Eulophia guineensis.{{sfn|REMA (Chapter 5)|2009|p=3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/rwanda_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf |title=Climate Change Adaption in Rwanda |publisher=USAID |access-date=14 March 2022}}</ref> Viyuni vikuruvikuru vinandi vikusangika mu malo agha. Ku Akagera kuli viyuni vya ku savana nga ni zirafu na zovu, ndipo ku Volcanoes kuli viyuni vya ku mapiri ivyo vikukhala pafupifupi vigaŵa vitatu pa vigaŵa vitatu. Nkhorongo ya Nyungwe yili na mitundu 13 ya vinyama vyakuchemeka primates, kusazgapo vinyama vya chimpanzee na vinyama vinyake vyakuchemeka Ruwenzori colobus.{{sfn|Briggs|Booth|2006|p=140}} [[File:Talk - Flickr - askmeaks.jpg|upright|thumb|Giraffe in Akagera National Park]] Nkhalamu za ku Rwanda zikamara mu 1994, apo malo ghakusungirako nkharamu ghakazgoka misasa ya ŵanthu awo ŵakachimbira kwawo. Mu Juni 2015, malo ghaŵiri ghakusungirako nkharamu ku South Africa ghakapeleka nkharamu zinkhondi na ziŵiri ku malo ghakusungirako nkharamu gha Akagera National Park. Pakwamba nkhalamu zikaŵa mu malo ghakuzingilizgika na mpanda, ndipo pamanyuma zikakakika na kufumiskika mu ciŵaya mwezi umoza pamanyuma pake.{{sfn|The New Times|2015}} Mu 2017, nkhumba zakufipa 18 izo zili pa ngozi zikiza ku Rwanda kufuma ku South Africa. Viyuni ivi vikasintha makora chomene mwakuti mu 2019, vikoko vinyake vinkhondi vyamalibwe vikapelekeka ku malo ghakusungirako viŵeto ku Europe. Mwakuyana waka, ciŵelengero ca viyuni ivi cikukura comene mu Rwanda. Mu chaka cha 2021, Rwanda yikapokera viyuni 30 vyakuchemeka white rhinos kufuma ku South Africa na chilato chakuti Akagera yiŵe malo ghakukhora ghakubabira viyuni ivi. Ku Rwanda kuli viyuni vyamtundu wa 670 ndipo vyamoyo ivi vikupambana mu vyaru vya kumafumiro na kumanjiliro gha dazi. Nkhorongo ya Nyungwe, iyo yili kumanjiliro gha dazi, yili na mitundu ya viyuni yakujumpha 280, ndipo 26 mwa mitundu iyi yikusangika ku Albertine Rift. Kweni ku mafumiro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda kuli viyuni vinandi nga ni gonolek wakuŵa na mutu wakufipa. Ŵasayansi ŵakuti mu charu ichi muli mitundu yinandi ya viyuni ivi. Mu charu cha Rwanda muli vigaŵa vitatu: nkhorongo ya Albertine Rift, nkhorongo ya Victoria Basin, na nkhorongo ya Ruwenzori-Virunga. Charu ichi chili na chiŵelengero cha 3.85/10 pa 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index, ndipo chili pa 139 pa vyaru 172.<ref name="FLII-Supplementary">{{cite journal|last1=Grantham|first1=H. S.|last2=Duncan|first2=A.|last3=Evans|first3=T. D.|last4=Jones|first4=K. R.|last5=Beyer|first5=H. L.|last6=Schuster|first6=R.|last7=Walston|first7=J.|last8=Ray|first8=J. C.|last9=Robinson|first9=J. G.|last10=Callow|first10=M.|last11=Clements|first11=T.|last12=Costa|first12=H. M.|last13=DeGemmis|first13=A.|last14=Elsen|first14=P. R.|last15=Ervin|first15=J.|last16=Franco|first16=P.|last17=Goldman|first17=E.|last18=Goetz|first18=S.|last19=Hansen|first19=A.|last20=Hofsvang|first20=E.|last21=Jantz|first21=P.|last22=Jupiter|first22=S.|last23=Kang|first23=A.|last24=Langhammer|first24=P.|last25=Laurance|first25=W. F.|last26=Lieberman|first26=S.|last27=Linkie|first27=M.|last28=Malhi|first28=Y.|last29=Maxwell|first29=S.|last30=Mendez|first30=M.|last31=Mittermeier|first31=R.|last32=Murray|first32=N. J.|last33=Possingham|first33=H.|last34=Radachowsky|first34=J.|last35=Saatchi|first35=S.|last36=Samper|first36=C.|last37=Silverman|first37=J.|last38=Shapiro|first38=A.|last39=Strassburg|first39=B.|last40=Stevens|first40=T.|last41=Stokes|first41=E.|last42=Taylor|first42=R.|last43=Tear|first43=T.|last44=Tizard|first44=R.|last45=Venter|first45=O.|last46=Visconti|first46=P.|last47=Wang|first47=S.|last48=Watson|first48=J. E. M.|display-authors=1|title=Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material|journal=Nature Communications|volume=11|issue=1|year=2020|page=5978|issn=2041-1723|doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|pmid=33293507|pmc=7723057|bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5978G |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Chuma == {{Main|Economy of Rwanda}} [[File:Rwanda Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Graphical depiction of Rwanda's product exports.]] Chuma cha charu cha Rwanda chikapwetekeka comene pa nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵakakomekeranga mu 1994, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwa, vinthu vikaŵayendera makora yayi, vinthu vikaphyoreka, ndipo vyakurya vikasoŵa. Ici cikapangiska kuti GDP yichepe comene ndipo cikapangiska kuti caru ici cileke kukopa ndalama za boma na za caru cinyake. Kufuma waka pa nyengo iyi, chuma cha pa caru cose caŵaso cakukhora comene, ndipo GDP ya munthu yumoza yikukwana $909.9 mu 2022, pakuyaniska na $127 mu 1994. Vyaru vikuru comene ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuguliskira vyakurya ku vyaru vinyake ni China, Germany, na United States. Chuma chikuyang'aniridwa ndi Central National Bank of Rwanda ndipo ndalama zake ndi franc yaku Rwanda; mu Disembala 2019, mtengo wosinthira unali ma franc 910 ku dola imodzi yaku United States. Mu 2007, caru ca Rwanda cikanjira mu wupu wa East African Community, ndipo cazomerezga ndondomeko ya umoza wa ndalama pakati pa vyaru vinkhondi na viŵiri ivyo vikanjilira mu wupu uwu. Charu cha Rwanda chili na vyakurya vichoko waka, ndipo ŵalimi ŵa mu charu ichi ndiwo ŵakulima. Pafupifupi 90% ya ŵanthu awo ŵakugwira ntchito mu minda, ndipo vyakurya vikaŵa 32.5% ya GDP mu 2014. Ŵalimi ŵakutemwa kulima malo ghacoko waka. Kwamba m'ma 1980, viŵeto vikukura yayi kweniso vyakurya vikusangika viŵi yayi, cifukwa ca ŵanthu awo ŵakusamukira ku vyaru vinyake. Nangauli charu cha Rwanda chili na vyakurya vinandi, kweni kanandi ŵanthu ŵakukwera yayi. Kweni mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, vinthu vyasintha chomene chifukwa cha kukura kwa vyakurya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From genocide to growth: Rwanda's remarkable economic turnaround – GE63 |url=https://ge63.com/rwanda-economic-growth |access-date=2023-03-31 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[File:Transporting bananas.jpg|thumb|Rwanda produced 2.6 million tonnes of banana in 2019, its largest cash crop.<ref name="Rwanda production in 2019, by FAO">{{cite web| url = http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/| title = Rwanda production in 2019, by FAO|publisher=The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations }}</ref>]] Vyakumera vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakulima mu charu ichi ni matoke (banana) iyo yikukwana chigaŵa chimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu vya charu ichi, mbatata, nyungu, mbatata, maniyu, tirigu na chimanga. Khofi na tiyi ni vyakurya vikuru comene ivyo ŵanthu ŵakupeleka ku vyaru vinyake. Malipoti ghakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 400,000 ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakukhala mu minda ya khofi. Cifukwa cakuti caru ca Rwanda cikuthemba comene pa vyakurya ivyo vikupelekeka ku vyaru vinyake, ntchipusu yayi kuti mitengo ya vyakurya ivi yisinthe. Viŵeto ivyo vikuŵako mu Rwanda ni ng'ombe, mbuzi, mberere, nkhumba, nkhuku, na mpheta. Nangauli mu vigaŵa vya Kigali muli minda yinandi ya viŵeto, kweni viŵeto vinandi vikuŵa vyachilendo. Kucepa kwa malo na maji, vyakurya vyambura kukwana na vya mtundu uheni, kweniso nthenda zakwambukira nyengo na nyengo kwambura wovwiri wakukwana wa ŵadokotala ni vinthu vikuru ivyo vikupangiska kuti mulimo wa vyakurya uleke kwenda makora. Nangauli somba zikulengeskeka mu nyanja za mu caru ici, kweni zinandi zikumara, ndipo zikwiza na somba zamoyo. Makampani gha vyamalonda ghakaŵa ghacoko comene, ghakapanga 14.8% ya GDP mu 2014. Vinthu ivi ni simenti, vyakurya, vyakumwa, sopo, vyakuvwara, skapato, vinthu vya pulasitiki, vyakuvwara na hona. Makampani gha migodi gha ku Rwanda ndigho ghakovwira chomene, ndipo mu 2008 ghakapanga ndalama zakukwana madola 93 miliyoni. Vinthu ivi ni cassiterite, wolframite, golide, na coltan, ivyo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito pakupanga vinthu vya magesi na mawoko nga ni mafoni.{{sfn|Mukaaya|2009}}{{sfn|Delawala|2001}} Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, mu charu cha Rwanda mukaŵa suzgo la ndalama chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ngongoli, wovwiri wa vyaru vinyake, na ndalama. Mu 2010, ntchito iyi yikalutilira makora ndipo yikaŵa yikuru chomene mu charu ichi. Vinthu vikuru ivyo vikovwira ŵanthu pa nkhani ya ndalama ni mabanki na vyamalonda, malonda gha pa wumba na ghakurughakuru, mahotelo na malo ghakurya, mendero, kusungirako vinthu, kwendeska mawoko, ma inshuwalansi, katundu, maofesi gha bizinesi na maboma, kusazgapo masambiro na umoyo. Ntchito ya kwendakwenda njimoza mwa vinthu ivyo vikukura mwaluŵiro comene mu vyaru ivi. Mu 2007, ndiyo yikamba kusanga ndalama zinandi mu vyaru ivi. Nangauli charu ichi chili na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakakomeka, kweni charu ichi chikuwoneka kuti ntchakukhora. Mu 2013, ŵanthu 864,000 ŵakiza ku malo agha. Mu 2014, ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakasanganga chifukwa cha vyakusanguluska zikaŵa madola 303 miliyoni. Cinthu cikuru comene ico cikovwira kuti ndalama izi ziŵe zinandi ni ivyo vikusangika mu malo ghakucemeka Volcanoes National Park. Vinyake ivyo vikukondweska ni Nkhorongo ya Nyungwe, uko kuli tumalumba, Ruwenzori colobus, na vinyama vinyake vyakuduka mudera, malo ghakusungirako vyakumera gha mu Nyanja ya Kivu, na Akagera, malo ghacilendo agho ghali kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi.{{sfn|RDB (II)}} === Wayilesi na nthowa zakuyowoyeskelana === {{Main|Telecommunications in Rwanda}} Ma wayilesi na mawayilesi ghakurughakuru ni gha boma, ndipo manyuzipepara ghanandi nga boma. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Rwanda ŵali na wayilesi; mu nyengo ya kusakaza ŵanthu mu 1994, wayilesi ya Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines yikapharazganga mu caru cose, ndipo yikawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵakomeke kwizira mu upharazgi wakususkana na Ŵakututsi. Mu 2015, wayilesi ya boma ya Radio Rwanda ndiyo yikaŵa yikuru chomene mu charu chose. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵalije TV, ndipo nyumba zinandi zilije TV. Boma likamba kugwiliskira ntchito wayilesi ya digito mu 2014, ndipo pakati pajumpha chaka chimoza, pa charu chose pakaŵa mawayilesi 7. Ŵapharazgi ŵakuŵa na mazaza pa nkhani iyi, ndipo nyuzipepara zikujikora kuti boma lileke kuŵasuzga. Nangauli vili nthena, mabuku gha mu Cikirwanda, Cingelezi, na Cifurenci agho ghakususka boma ghalipo comene mu Kigali. Malango ghakusazgikira pambere mavoti gha pulezidenti wa ku Rwanda gha 2010 ghandambe, ndipo nyuzipepara ziŵiri zakujiyimira paŵekha, Umuseso na Umuvugizi, yikakanizgika na wupu wa High Media Council kwa myezi 6.{{sfn|Reporters Without Borders|2010}} Gulu lakale chomene la mafoni mu charu ichi, la Rwandatel, likaleka kugwira ntchito mu 2011, ndipo 80% yikaŵa ya kampani ya ku Libya yakuchemeka LAP Green. Kampani iyi yikaguliskika mu 2013 na Liquid Telecom, kampani iyo yikupanga ma telecommunications na fiber optic networks mu East na Southern Africa. Kufumira mu 2015, Liquid Telecom yikupereka ma telefoni ghakukhazikika ku ŵanthu 30,968, ndipo MTN Rwanda nayo yikupereka ma telefoni ghakukhazikika ku ŵanthu 15,497. Mafoni gha pa nyumba ghakugwiliskirika nchito comene na maboma, mabanki, mawupu ghambura vya boma, na maofesi gha ŵimiliri. Mu 2015, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito mafoni mu charu ichi chikaŵa 72.6%, kufuma pa 41.6% mu 2011. MTN Rwanda ndiyo yikulongozga na ŵanthu 3,957,986, ndipo yikulondezgeka na Tigo na ŵanthu 2,887,328, na Bharti Airtel na ŵanthu 1,336,679. Rwandatel nayo wakendeskanga foni, kweni wupu wakuwona vya msonkho ukawuskapo layisensi yake mu Epulero 2011, cifukwa cakuti kampani iyi yikatondeka kufiska ivyo yikapangana. Ŵanthu awo ŵakugwiliskira nchito Intaneti mbacoko, kweni ŵakukura mwaluŵiro. Mu 2015, pa ŵanthu 100, ŵanthu 12,8 ndiwo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito Intaneti. Mu 2011, ŵakamalizga kupanga telefoni ya makilomita 2,300 (ma kilomita 1,400) ya fiber-optic. Netiweki iyi yikukolerana na SEACOM, chingwe cha pasi pa nyanja icho chikovwira ŵanthu kuti ŵapharazgenge mu vyaru vya kumwera na kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Africa. Mu caru ca Rwanda, misewu iyi yikwenda mu misewu yikuruyikuru iyo yikukolerana na mamsumba gha mu caru cose. Mtundu wa MTN nawo ukupeleka Intaneti kwambura waya mu vigaŵa vinandi vya Kigali. Mu Okutobala 2019, Mara Corporation wakambiska foni yakwamba ya ku Africa ku Rwanda.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-rwanda-telecoms-idUSKBN1WM1TN|title=Rwanda launches first 'Made in Africa' smartphones|date=10 October 2019|work=Reuters|access-date=10 October 2019|language=en|archive-date=9 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009161807/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-rwanda-telecoms-idUSKBN1WM1TN|url-status=live}}</ref> === Vyakuzenga === {{Main|Transport in Rwanda|Energy in Rwanda|Water supply and sanitation in Rwanda}}[[File:WaterPumpRwanda.jpg|thumb|right|Rural water pump|alt=Photograph depicting one adult and five children filling jerrycans at a rural metal water pump with concrete base, at the bottom of a steep rocky hillside]] Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, boma la Rwanda likaŵika pakwamba ndalama zakovwilira ŵanthu kuti ŵasange maji. Ndalama izi, pamoza na wovwiri wa awo ŵakupeleka wovwiri, vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵasange maji ghawemi{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}}. Mu 2015, ŵanthu 74 pa 100 ŵaliwose ŵakaŵa na maji ghawemi, kufuma pa 55 pa 100 mu 2005. Vinthu vya mu charu ichi vikovwira ŵanthu kusanga maji mu misumba na mu mizi. Ku malo agho kulije makina agha, ŵakugwiliskira ntchito mapampu gha pa woko na visimi. Nangauli mu vigaŵa vinandi vya caru ici, maji ghakukhira comene kuluska 750 millimeters pa caka, kweni ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira nchito viŵi yayi maji gha vula. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakugwiliskira ntchito yayi vinthu vyakutowa. Wupu wa United Nations ukuti mu 2006, ŵanthu 34 pa 100 ŵaliwose awo ŵakakhalanga mu mamsumba kweniso 20 pa 100 ŵaliwose awo ŵakakhalanga ku mizi ŵakaŵa na vinthu vyakutowa. Msumba wa Kigali ngumoza mwa misumba yakutowa comene mu Africa. Maboma ghakwendera fundo zakovwira ŵanthu kuti ŵaŵe na umoyo uwemi waka mu mamsumba. Ŵanthu ŵanandi mu misumba na mu mizi ŵakugwiliskira ntchito malo ghakusoperapo.{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}} Kufikira m'ma 2000s, magetsi a ku Rwanda anali opangidwa pafupifupi kuchokera ku magwero a hydroelectric; malo opangira magetsi pa Nyanja ya Burera ndi Ruhondo amapereka 90% ya magetsi a dziko. Kuyana na ivyo vikachitika mu 1990, maji gha mu nyanja ziŵiri izi ghakakhira chomene chifukwa cha kuthuta kwa vula na vinthu ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita. Ivi vikapangiska kuti mu 2004 kuŵe suzgo la ndalama ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaleka ntchito. Pakuŵa cakukhumbikwa ca mwaluŵiro, boma likaŵika mageneretara gha dizilo kumpoto kwa Kigali; mu 2006 agha ghakapanga 56% ya magesi gha mu caru, kweni ghakaŵa ghakudura comene. Boma likakhazikiska nthowa zinandi zakumazgira suzgo ili, kusazgapo kuwezgerapo malo ghakututuŵa gha Rugezi, agho ghakupereka maji ku Burera na Ruhondo, na kugwiliskira nchito ndondomeko ya kupokera gasi wa methane kufuma mu Nyanja ya Kivu, iyo pakwamba yikwenera kusazgirako nkhongono za mu caru na 40%. Mu 2012, ŵanthu 18 pera ndiwo ŵakaŵa na magesi, kweni mu 2009 ŵakaŵa 10.8%. Ndondomeko ya boma ya vyachuma na kuchepeska ukavu ya 2013-18 yikukhumba kuti mu 2017 ŵanthu 70 pa 100 ŵaliwose ŵaŵe na magesi.{{sfn|Baringanire|Malik|Banerjee|2014|p=1}}[[File:Rwanda electricity production.svg|thumb|Rwanda electricity production by source|upright=1.3]] Boma la Rwanda laŵikapo ndalama zinandi pa vinthu vyakwendeskera mendero kwambira waka apo ŵanthu ŵakakomekera mu 1994, na wovwiri wa United States, European Union, Japan, na vyaru vinyake. Mtundu wa magalimoto uwo ulipo ni misewu iyo yili pakati pa Kigali na misumba yinyake yikuruyikuru. Charu cha Rwanda chikukolerana na vyaru vinyake vya East African Community, nga ni Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi na Kenya, kweniso na misumba ya Goma na Bukavu ku mafumiro gha dazi kwa Congo. Mtundu ukuru comene wa kwendeska ŵanthu mu caru ici ni basi, izo zikwendeska ŵanthu ŵanandi. Mabasi ghanyake, chomenechomene mu Kigali, ghakuŵa na magalimoto ghambura kutumphuskika, ndipo ghanyake ghakuŵa na magalimoto gha taxi. Mabasi ghakurughakuru ghanandi ghakukwana yayi, ndipo ghakwenda mu charu chose. Mu 2013, ku Rwanda kukaŵa magalimoto 9,609 agho ghakalembeskeka pa galimoto, ndipo magalimoto 579 pera. Pali mabasi agho ghakwendeska ŵanthu ku vyaru vinyake. Charu ichi chili na chiŵanja cha ndege ku Kigali icho chikwendako ku vyaru vinandi, ndipo nthowa zakwendako chomene ni izo zikuluta ku Nairobi na Entebbe.{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}} Mu 2017, mulimo wa kuzenga ndege ya Bugesera International Airport, kumwera kwa Kigali, ukayamba. Gulu la ndege ilo likwendeska ndege mu charu ichi ni RwandAir. Kufumira mu 2015 chalo ichi chilije njanji, kweni pali pulojekiti iyo yikuchitika, pamoza na Burundi na Tanzania, ya kusazgirako Tanzania Central Line mu Rwanda; vyaru vitatu ivi vyachema mabungwe ghapachanya kuti ghaŵe na chilato cha kupanga mgwirizano wa boma na wanangwa wa ŵanthu. Pa nyanja ya Kivu palije maji ghakwendeskera sitima pakati pa misumba iyo yili pa dowoko, nangauli pali nthowa zinyake izo boma likupeleka. Unduna wa vya Vipatala ukuwonaso usange vingachitika kuti charu cha Rwanda chikolerane na Nyanja ya Victoria pa mlonga wa Akagera.{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}} == Ŵanthu == {{Main|Demographics of Rwanda|Youth in Rwanda}} Kufika mu 2015, National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda yikati ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵalipo 11,262,564, apo mu 2022 ŵalipo 13,246,394. Kuyana na kalembera wa mu 2012, ŵanthu 10,515,973 ndiwo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba uwu. Ŵanthu ŵanandi mbawukirano. Mu 2012, ŵanthu 43.3% ŵakaŵa na vyaka 15 kukhilira pasi, ndipo 53.4% ŵakaŵa na vyaka vyapakati pa 16 na 64. Buku la CIA World Factbook likuti mu 2015, ŵanthu ŵakukwana 40.2 pa ŵanthu 1,000 awo ŵakababikanga, ndipo ŵanthu 14.9 ŵakufwa. Ŵanthu ŵakukhala vyaka 67,67 (69,27 kwa ŵanakazi na 67,11 kwa ŵanalume). Chiŵelengero cha ŵanalume na ŵanakazi mu charu ichi chili pa 95.9 pa ŵanakazi 100.{{sfn|CIA (I)}} [[File:Rwandan children at Volcans National Park.jpg|thumb|left|Rural children|alt=Photograph depicting seven rural children, with a straw house and farmland in the background, taken in the Volcanoes National Park in 2005]] Mu charu ichi muli ŵanthu 445 pa kilomita yimoza. Ŵakulemba mdauko nga ni Gérard Prunier ŵakugomezga kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakomeka mu 1994. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakukhala ku mizi, ndipo mu mamsumba ghachoko waka muli malo ghakukhala ŵanthu. Malo ghekha agho muli ŵanthu ŵachoko chomene mu charu ichi ni malo agho kale ghakaŵa chigaŵa cha Umutara, ndipo kumafumiro gha dazi kuli malo ghakuchemeka Akagera National Park. Msumba ukuru chomene wa Kigali uli na ŵanthu pafupifupi 1 miliyoni. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukwera mwaluŵiro ŵakusuzga kuti vinthu viŵe makora. Kuyana na kalembera wa mu 2012, msumba ukuru waciŵiri ni Gisenyi, uwo uli pafupi na Nyanja ya Kivu na msumba wa Goma ku Congo, ndipo uli na ŵanthu 126,000. Mamsumba ghanyake ghakuru ni Ruhengeri, Butare, na Muhanga. Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu mamsumba ŵakakwera kufuma pa 6% mu 1990 kufika pa 16.6% mu 2006; kweni mu 2011, chiŵelengero ichi chikakhira pachoko waka kufika pa 14.8%. Charu cha Rwanda chili na ŵanthu ŵa viyowoyero na mitheto yakuyana waka, ndipo ichi chikupambana na vyaru vinandi vya mu Africa, ivyo vili na vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵali na magulu ghatatu, Ŵahutu, Ŵatutsi, na Ŵatwa. Buku la CIA la World Factbook likuyowoya kuti mu 2009, Ŵahutu ŵakaŵa 84% ya ŵanthu wose mu charu ichi, Ŵatutsi 15%, na Ŵatwa 1%. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa mbana ŵachoko awo ŵali kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵakwambilira awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu cha Rwanda. Kweni ŵasayansi ŵakukolerana yayi pa nkhani ya umo Ŵahutu na Ŵakututsi ŵakaŵirako. Nkhwantha ya vya ŵanthu, Jean Hiernaux, yikati Ŵakututsi mbanthu ŵakupambana na mitundu yinyake, ndipo ŵakutemwa kuŵa na "mitu, visko, na mphuno ziheni". Mu caru ca Rwanda pambere caru ici cindaŵeko, Ŵakututsi ndiwo ŵakaŵa ŵamazaza, ndipo mafumu na ŵalongozgi ŵanandi ŵakafuma mwa iwo. Boma la sono likukana kupambaniska pakati pa Ŵahutu na Ŵatutsi. Kafukufuku wa mu 2002 wakaŵa wakwamba kwambira mu 1933 kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵaleke kupika magulu ghatatu.{{sfn|Agence France-Presse|2002}} === Masambilo === {{Main|Education in Rwanda}} [[File:OLPC classroom teaching.JPG|thumb|right|Children in a Rwandan primary school, using laptops supplied by the [[One Laptop Per Child]] programme]] Pambere chaka cha 2012 chindafike, boma la Rwanda likapeleka masambiro ghaulere mu masukulu gha boma kwa vyaka 9.{{sfn|MINEDUC|2010|p=2}} Mu 2012, ŵakamba kusazgirako vyaka ivi kufika pa 12. Kafukufuku munyake uyo wakachitika mu 2015, wakulongora kuti nangauli sukulu za pulayimale zikunjilirapo chomene, kweni ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakumalizga yayi. Nangauli sukulu njambura kulipira, kweni ŵapapi ŵakwenera kupeleka ndalama zakovwilira ŵana ŵawo kuti ŵasambire makora. Kweni boma likati ndalama izi zikwenera yayi kuŵa chifukwa chakuti ŵana ŵaleke kusambira. Mu vyaru vinandi muli masukulu ghapadera, ghanyake ghakulongozgeka na tchalitchi, agho ghakusambizga vinthu vyakuyana waka kweni ghakulipira ndalama. Kwambira mu 1994 m'paka mu 2009, masambiro gha ku sekondare ghakaŵanga mu Cifurenci panji Cingelezi. Mu caru ici muli masukulu ghanandi gha masambiro ghapacanya. Mu chaka cha 2013, Yunivesite ya ku Rwanda (UR) yikapangika kufuma ku yunivesite ya ku Rwanda iyo yikaŵa ya boma.{{sfn|Koenig|2014}}{{sfn|MacGregor|2014}}{{sfn|Rutayisire|2013}}Mu 2013, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakalembeskanga masambiro ghapachanya ku Rwanda chikaŵa 7.9%, kufuma pa 3.6% mu 2006. Mu 2009, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya kuŵazga na kulemba awo ŵali na vyaka 15 panji kujumphirako chikaŵa 71%, kufuma pa 38 peresenti mu 1978 na 58 peresenti mu 1991.{{sfn|World Bank (I)}} === Umoyo === {{main|Healthcare in Rwanda|Health in Rwanda}} [[File:Butaro Hospital.jpg|thumb|left|[[Butaro Hospital]] at [[Burera]], Northern Province |alt=Photograph depicting a hospital building, with Rwandan flag, viewed from the entrance pathway]] Umoyo wa ŵanthu ku Rwanda ukaŵa wambura kupwelelera chomene pambere nkhondo ya 1994 yindayambe kweniso pamanyuma pake. Mu 1998, mwana yumoza pa ŵana ŵankhondi waliwose wakafwa pambere wandakwaniske vyaka vinkhondi.{{sfn|Bowdler|2010}} Pulezidenti Kagame wapanga umoyo kuŵa cimoza mwa vinthu vyakuzirwa mu ndondomeko ya chitukuko ya Vision 2020, kukwezga ndalama zakwendeskera umoyo kufika pa 6.5% ya GDP mu 2013, pakuyaniska na 1.9% mu 1996. Boma lili kupeleka ndalama zakovwilira ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu malo agha. Mabungwe agha ghakamba kugwiliskira nchito nthowa iyi mu 1999, ndipo pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 2000, ghakaŵa kuti ghasangika pa caru cose. Pakwamba, ndalama izo ŵakalipiranga zikaŵa madola ghaŵiri pa chaka. Kweni kufuma mu 2011, ndalama izi zikusintha, ndipo ŵakavu ŵakulipira yayi. Mu 2014, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakagwiranga ntchito iyi chikajumpha 90%. Boma la Rwanda lili kukhazikiskaso masukulu gha masambiro, kusazgapo sukulu ya vyaumoyo ya Kigali Health Institute (KHI). Mu 2005, Pulezidenti Kagame nayo wakambiska pulogiramu yakucemeka The Presidents' Malaria Initiative. Cigaŵa ici cikaŵa na cilato ca kupeleka vinthu vyakukhumbikwa comene kuti nthenda ya maleriya yileke kuwira mu vigaŵa vya ku mizi comene mu Rwanda. [[File:Life expectancy development in Rwanda.svg|thumb|Historical development of life expectancy in Rwanda]] Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, caru ca Rwanda caŵa na vinthu vinandi ivyo vikovwira kuti umoyo uŵe makora. Kufuma mu 2005 m'paka mu 2013, ŵanthu ŵakukhala vyaka vinandi, kufuma pa 55.2 kufika pa 64.0, ŵana ŵachoko chomene awo ŵakufwa ŵakukwana vyaka 5, kufuma pa 106.4 kufika pa 52.0 pa ŵanthu 1,000 awo ŵakubabika ŵamoyo. Ŵapharazgi ŵa pa caru cose na mawupu ghakovwira ŵanthu ŵakulongosora umo caru ici cikucitira pa nkhani ya cipwelelerero. Magazini ya The Atlantic yikalemba nkhani ya mutu wakuti, "Kuŵaso na Umoyo Uwemi ku Rwanda". Magazini yinyake yikulongosora umo umoyo wa ŵanthu wasinthira mu vyaka 50 ivyo vyajumpha. Ndipouli, nangauli vinthu vyasintha, kweni matenda ghakwambukira ndigho ghakulutilira kunanga umoyo wa ŵanthu mu caru ici. Wupu wa United States Agency for International Development, ukati pali "mavuto ghakuru" agho ghakukhwaska umoyo wa ŵanthu. Wupu wakuwona vya matenda ku America ukati awo ŵakuluta ku Rwanda ŵakwenera kumwa munkhwala uwo ungaŵawovwira kuti ŵaleke kulwara maleriya. Ku Rwanda nako kulije ŵadokotala, ndipo pali ŵadokotala, ŵasilikari, na ŵasungwana 0.84 pera pa ŵanthu 1,000. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) yikulaŵilira umo caru cikwendera pa nkhani ya vyaumoyo pakukwaniska vilato vya Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 na 6. Lipoti la UNDP la pakati pa chaka cha 2015 likati charu ichi chikukwaniska yayi chilato cha nambara 4 pa nkhani ya kufwa kwa ŵana ŵachoko, nangauli chiŵerengero ichi "chakhira chomene".{{sfn|UNDP (IV)|2015}} ===Chisopo=== {{main|Religion in Rwanda}} [[File:RwamaganaChurch.jpg|thumb|Roman Catholic church in [[Rwamagana]]|alt=Photograph depicting the Roman Catholic parish church in Rwamagana, Eastern Province, including the main entrance, façade, the separate bell tower, and dirt forecourt]] Chisopa chikuru chomene mu Rwanda ntcha Chiprotesitanti, kweni ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kugomezga chisopa cha Chikhristu, ndipo pachoko na pachoko, Chisilamu. Kuyana na kalembera wa mu 2012, Ŵakhristu ŵa Katolika ŵakaŵa 43.7%, Ŵaprotesitanti 37.7%, Ŵadventista 11.8%, na Ŵasilamu 2.0%. Visopa ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakulondezga ni vyaunenesko, nangauli ni vya 0.1% pera. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakuwona kuti Ciuta wa Cikristu wakuyana waka na Ciuta wa ku Rwanda, Imana.{{sfn|Wiredu|Abraham|Irele|Menkiti|2006|pp=236–237}} ===Viyowoyelo=== {{main|Languages of Rwanda}} Chiyowoyero chikuru mu charu ichi ni Chikinyarwanda, icho chikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu wose (98%). Viyowoyero vikuruvikuru vya ku Europe mu nyengo ya ŵakoloni vikaŵa Chijeremani, nangauli chikasambizgikanga yayi panji kugwiliskirika ntchito chomene, ndipo kufuma apo Chifurenchi, icho chikambiskika na Belgium mu 1916 ndipo chikalutilira kuŵa chiyowoyero cha boma na chakutemweka chomene mu 1962. Kweniso ŵanthu ŵakayowoyanga Chidachi. Kuwelera kwa ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Rwanda awo ŵakayowoyanga Chingelezi mu vyaka vya m'ma 1990 kukawovwira kuti chiyowoyero cha mu charu ichi chiŵe makora. Viyowoyero vya boma ni Kinyarwanda, Chingelezi, Chifurenchi, na Chiswahili. Chiyowoyero cha Kinyarwanda ndicho chikuyowoyeka pa charu chose, ndipo Chingelezi ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene pa masambiro gha sekondare na masambiro ghapachanya. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuyowoya CiSwahili, ciyowoyero ca ku East Africa, comenecomene awo ŵakawerako ku Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, na Democratic Republic of Congo. Mu 2015, chiyowoyero cha Chiswahili chikamba kusambizgika pa sukulu za sekondare. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala pa chirwa cha Nkombo ku Rwanda ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha Mashi, icho chikukolerana na chiyowoyero cha Kinyarwanda. Chifalansa chikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu ŵacoko waka kujumpha 6% kuyana na kalembera wa 2012 na Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. Mu 2009, ŵanthu 15% ŵakayowoyanga Cingelezi, nangauli lipoti lenelili likati ŵanthu 68% ŵakayowoyanga Cifurenci. Ŵanthu ŵacoko comene ndiwo ŵakuyowoya Ciswahili.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/RW/languages|title=''Ethnologue'' report for Rwanda}}</ref> === Wanangwa wa '''ŵa'''nthu === {{See also|Human rights in Rwanda|LGBT rights in Rwanda}} Homosexuality is generally considered a [[taboo]] topic, and there is no significant public discussion of this issue in any region of the country. Some lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) Rwandans have reported being harassed and blackmailed.{{sfn|Gmünder|2007|page=1216}}<ref name="Spartacus International Gay Guide 2007">Spartacus International Gay Guide, p. 1216. Bruno Gmunder Verlag, 2007.</ref><ref name="globalgayz">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalgayz.com/country/Rwanda/view/RWA/gay-rwanda-2008|title=Gay Rwanda 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717064516/http://www.globalgayz.com/africa/rwanda/gay-rwanda-2008|archive-date=2012-07-17|date=2009-01-01}}</ref>Ku Rwanda, kugonana kwa ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha nkhukanizgika yayi. Ŵalaraŵalara ŵanyake ŵa boma ŵakukhozgera wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu uwu, kweni palije malango ghakuŵavikilira. Boma likuzomerezga yayi nthengwa za ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha, cifukwa dango la boma likuti "nthengwa za ŵanalume na ŵanakazi pera ndizo zikuzomerezgeka". Kwambira mu 2006, wupu wa Human Rights Watch walemba kuti boma la Rwanda likukora na kukaka ŵana ŵa mu misewu, ŵamalonda ŵa mu misewu, awo ŵakugwira ntchito za kugonana, ŵanthu ŵambura pakukhala, na ŵakupempheska, kweniso ŵakusuzga ŵanthu mu nyumba zakubisamamo na malo ghanyake nga ni msasa wa ŵasilikari wa Kami, Kwa Gacinya na jele la Gikondo.<ref name="hrw">{{Cite journal |date=2020-01-27 |title="As Long as We Live on the Streets, They Will Beat Us": Rwanda's Abusive Detention of Children |journal=Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/01/27/long-we-live-streets-they-will-beat-us/rwandas-abusive-detention-children |access-date=2022-10-10 |language=en}}</ref> == Mwambo == {{Main|Culture of Rwanda}} [[File:Rwanda IntoreDancers.jpg|thumb|left|Traditional Rwandan ''[[intore]]'' dancers|alt=Photograph depicting two male dancers with straw wigs, neck garments, spears and sticks]] Sumu na kuvina ni vyakuzirwa pa viphikiro, viphikiro, maungano, na vyakusanguluska vya ku Rwanda. Sumu iyi yikumanyikwa comene ndipo yili na vigaŵa vitatu: umushagiriro, panji sumu ya ng'ombe, iyo yikucitika na ŵanakazi; intore, panji sumu ya vinkhara, iyo yikucitika na ŵanalume; na kuvina kwa matambulara, uko kanandi kukucitikaso na ŵanalume. Gulu lakumanyikwa comene la kuvina ni la National Ballet. Gulu ili likakhazikiskika na Pulezidenti Habyarimana mu 1974, ndipo likucita maseŵero mu vyaru na vyaru vinyake. Sumu zikupharazgika na mulomo, ndipo mitundu yake yikupambana. Viŵiya vyakuchemeka drums vikaŵa vyakuzirwa comene; ŵanthu awo ŵakimbanga viŵiya vyacifumu ŵakaŵa na udindo ukuru mu nyumba ya themba (Mwami). Ŵanthu awo ŵakulizga viŵiya ŵakwimba pamoza mu magulu ghakupambanapambana, ndipo kanandi ŵakuŵa pakati pa 7 na 9. Mu caru ici muli sumu zinandi izo zikufuma ku vyaru vya ku Africa, Congo, na America. Mtundu wakumanyikwa comene ni wa hip hop, uwo ukusanganya dancehall, rap, ragga, R&B na dance-pop.{{sfn|Mbabazi|2008}} [[File:Igiseke.jpg|thumb|upright|Rwandan woven [[agaseke]] basket|alt=Photograph depicting a bowl shaped off-white woven basket with tall conical lid and black zigzag pattern]] Vinthu vya maluso na vyakuchita vya mawoko vikuchitika mu charu chose, nangauli vinandi vikapangika kuti viwovwire ŵanthu. Vinthu vinyake ivyo vikusangika chomene ni viŵiya na mabakule. Imigongo ni luso lapadera la viŵeto vya ng'ombe, ilo likupangika kumwera kwa kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Rwanda. Viŵeto ivi ŵakuvisakaniza na dongo la mitundu yakupambanapambana na kupenta mu vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita ni vyakupangira viŵiya na kujoba makuni. Nyumba izo ŵanthu ŵakukhala ŵakugwiliskira ntchito vinthu ivyo vikuŵa mu malo agha. Boma likamba ndondomeko ya kusintha vinthu ivi na vinthu vinyake vya mazuŵa ghano, nga ni visulo vyamalibwe. Mu charu cha Rwanda mulije mabuku ghakale chomene, kweni ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kulemba na kuyowoya. Vinthu vinandi vya mu caru ici ivyo vikukolerana na makhaliro gha ŵanthu na mbiri yawo, vyalembeka mu miwiro yose. Munthu wakumanyikwa chomene mu mabuku gha ku Rwanda wakaŵa Alexis Kagame (1912-1981), uyo wakalemba na kusindikizga mabuku ghakulongosora maluso gha ŵanthu. Nkhondo ya ku Rwanda yikapangiska kuti paŵe mabuku gha ŵanthu awo ŵakawona ivyo vikachitika, mabuku gha ŵanthu awo ŵakalemba nga ni Benjamin Sehene. Mavidiyo ghanandi ghakulongosora vya kukomeka kwa ŵanthu ku Rwanda ghapangika, nga ni Hotel Rwanda, 100 Days, Shake Hands with the Devil, Sometimes in April, na Shooting Dogs. Pa chaka pali maholide ghakukwana 14, ndipo nyengo zinyake boma likusazgirako ghanyake. Sabata yakulondezgapo pa Zuŵa la Kukumbukirako Ŵanandi pa Epulero 7 yikucemeka sabata ya citima. Nkhondo iyo RPF yikathereska Ŵahutu yikukondwelereka pa Julayi 4. Pa Chisulo chaumaliro cha mwezi uliwose pakuŵa umuganda, zuŵa lakwamba la mulimo wakovwira ŵanthu, kufuma pa 8 m'paka 11 koloko mulenji. Pa zuŵa ili, ŵanthu wose ŵakwenelera ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 18 na 65 ŵakuchita milimo ya mu msumba nga nkhujura misewu panji kuzenga nyumba za ŵanthu ŵakusuzgika. Maulendo ghanandi ghakujalika pa nyengo ya umuganda, ndipo magalimoto ghakwendera waka yayi.{{sfn|Rwanda Governance Board}} === Cuisine === {{Main|Cuisine of Rwanda}} [[File:Ugali and cabbage.jpg|right|thumb|A plate of ''[[ugali]]'' and [[cabbage]]]] Vyakurya vya ku Rwanda vikufuma ku vyakurya ivyo ŵanthu ŵakulima mu charu ichi, nga ni nthochi, mapamba (ghakumanyikwa na zina lakuti ibitoke), mphangwe, mbatata, nyungu, na manioc. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Rwanda ŵakurya nyama kamoza pera pa mwezi. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala kufupi na nyanja ŵakutemwa chomene somba za tilapia. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa chomene batata, awo ŵakaghanaghananga kuti ŵakiza nawo ku Rwanda kufuma ku Germany na Belgium. Ugali, uyo wakumanyikwa na zina lakuti Ubugari (panji umutsima) ngwakumanyikwa chomene. Isombe yikupangika na makuni gha cassava ndipo yingapelekeka pamoza na somba zakomira, mpunga, ugali, mbatata na vinyake. Pa nyengo ya cakurya ca mise kanandi ŵanthu ŵakurya vyakurya vyakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa kurya nyama za mbuzi para ŵakurya mise. Mu vigaŵa vya ku mizi, ŵanthu ŵakuguliska mbuzi, kuziphaka na kuziphika, kweniso kuziphika na mabhanana. Mu charu chose ichi, ŵanthu ŵakumwa chomene mkaka, chomenechomene uyo uli nga ni yoghurt. Vyakumwa vinyake ni mowa wakuchemeka Ikigage uwo ukupangika kufuma ku sorgo na urwagwa, uwo ukupangika kufuma ku nthochi, na chakumwa chakuchemeka Umutobe icho ni muto wa nthochi. Vyakumwa ivi vikumanyikwa chomene pa viphikiro na viphikiro. Kampani yikuru iyo yikupanga vyakumwa mu Rwanda ni Bralirwa, iyo yikakhazikiskika mu ma 1950, ndipo yikugwira nchito na Heineken. Bralirwa yikupanga vyakurya vya The Coca-Cola Company, nga ni Coca-Cola, Fanta, na Sprite, na vyakurya vinandi nga ni Primus, Mützig, Amstel, na Turbo King. Mu 2009, ofesi yiphya yakuzenga moŵa yakuchemeka Brasseries des Mille Collines (BMC) yikajulika. Mu caru ici, muli vyakupangira moŵa vyakucemeka East African Breweries, ivyo vikuguliska moŵa nga ni Guinness, Tusker, na Bell, kweniso whisky na moŵa.{{sfn|Kezio-Musoke|2014}} === Sport === {{Main|Sport in Rwanda}} [[File:MTB cycling 2012 Olympics M cross-country RWA Adrien Niyonshuti.jpg|thumb|left|[[Adrien Niyonshuti]], "one of the most famous people in Rwanda",{{sfn|CyclingNews.com|2012}} competing in the [[cross-country mountain biking]] event at the 2012 Summer Olympics]] Boma la Rwanda, kwizira mu ndondomeko yake ya chitukuko cha maseŵero, likukwezga maseŵero nga ni nthowa yakukhora ya "kutukula na kuzenga mtende", ndipo boma lacita phangano la kukhozga kugwiliskira nchito maseŵero pa vilato vyakupambanapambana vya chitukuko, kusazgapo masambiro. Maseŵero agho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa ku Rwanda ni bola, bola ya volleyball, basketball, maseŵero gha ku malo ghakupambanapambana na maseŵero gha ku malo ghakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa comene maseŵero agha cifukwa ca ŵanthu awo ŵakawerako ku Kenya uko ŵakasambira maseŵero agha. Njinga, iyo kanandi yikuwoneka nga ni nthowa yakwendeskera vinthu mu Rwanda, yikukweleraso ku ŵanthu ŵanandi nga ni maseŵero; ndipo timu ya Rwanda yili kulembeka buku lakuti, Land of Second Chances: The Impossible Rise of Rwanda's Cycling Team na filimu yakuti, Rising from Ashes.{{sfn|Robbins|2013}}{{sfn|Willgoss|2014}} [[File:GCS Drone Shot-YT.jpg|thumb|The Gahanga Cricket Stadium]] Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakuchitako maseŵero gha Olimpiki kwambira mu 1984, ndipo ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakuchitako maseŵero gha Paralympic kwambira mu 2004. Charu ichi chikatumizga ŵanthu 7 ku maseŵera gha ku London mu 2012, ndipo ŵakamwimira pa maseŵera gha ku London, kusambira, kukwera njinga ya mu mapiri na judo. Charu ichi chikusangikaso pa maseŵero gha Commonwealth Games kufuma apo chikaŵamo mu 2009. Gulu la basketball la dziko lino lakhala likukula kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, ndipo timu ya amuna yakhala ikuyenerera gawo lomaliza la African Basketball Championship kanayi motsatizana kuyambira 2007. Charu ichi chikaŵa na mwaŵi yayi wa kuchitiska maseŵera agha. Chikwata cha mpira cha Rwanda chawonekera pa African Cup of Nations kamodzi, mu 2004 mtundu wa mpikisano, koma mwapang'onopang'ono chinalephera kupitirira gawo la magulu. Gulu ili likutondeka kujowina pa chiphalizgano ichi kufuma apo, ndipo likutondeka kujowina pa World Cup. Mpikisano wapamwamba kwambiri wa mpira ku Rwanda ndi Rwanda National Football League; kuyambira 2015, timu yolamulira ndi APR FC ya Kigali, yomwe yapambana 13 mwa mipikisano 17 yapitayi. Magulu gha ku Rwanda ghakulondezga chiphalizgano cha Kagame Interclub Cup cha magulu gha ku Central na East Africa, icho chikulembeka kufuma mu 2002 na Pulezidenti Kagame.{{sfn|CECAFA}} == Unenesko == {{Portal|Africa}} * [[Index of Rwanda-related articles]] * [[Outline of Rwanda]]{{clear}} == Ukaboni wakuyowoyeka == {{reflist|20em}} == Ukaboni unandi == {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last=Adekunle |first=Julius |year=2007 |title=Culture and customs of Rwanda |location=Westport, Conn. |publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |isbn=978-0-313-33177-0 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=g0FC40EQujwC}} }} * {{cite web |author=African Development Bank (AfDB) |date=26 August 2011 |title=Boosting Rwanda's Energy Sector: AfDB, other Lenders Commit USD 91.25 million to Kivuwatt Project |author-link=African Development Bank |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |access-date=10 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|AfDB|2011}} |archive-date=5 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105120930/http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |author1=African Development Bank (AfDB) |author2=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Centre |year=2006 |title=African Economic Outlook |edition=5 |location=Paris |publisher=OECD Publishing |isbn=978-92-64-02243-0 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=fpEFOR6WmfYC}}| ref = {{sfnRef|AfDB|OECD Development Centre|2006}} }} * {{cite news |author=Agence Africaine de Presse |date=24 July 2015 |title=Rwanda, DR Congo open trade talks |location=Dakar |url=http://www.apanews.net/abonnes/connection.php?id=829578&lg=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003092331/http://apanews.net/abonnes/connection.php?id=829578&lg=fr |archive-date=3 October 2015 |access-date=30 October 2015 |url-status=dead }} * {{cite news |author=Agence France-Presse |date=16 August 2002 |title=Ethnic origins ignored in Rwanda's first census since genocide |author-link=Agence France-Presse |location=Paris |url=http://reliefweb.int/report/rwanda/ethnic-origins-ignored-rwandas-first-census-genocide |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=3 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203195050/http://reliefweb.int/report/rwanda/ethnic-origins-ignored-rwandas-first-census-genocide |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Aglietti |first=Stephanie |date=11 September 2014 |title=Rwanda cricket, growing a game of hope |agency=Agence France-Presse |location=Paris |work=[[Yahoo Sports]] |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/news/rwanda-cricket-growing-game-hope-064714133--spt.html |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=17 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017171700/https://sports.yahoo.com/news/rwanda-cricket-growing-game-hope-064714133--spt.html |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Agutamba |first=Kenneth |date=9 August 2015 |title=BNR 'defeats' speculators but exchange rate woes continue |work=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]] |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2015-08-09/191405/ |access-date=31 August 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053526/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2015-08-09/191405/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Agutamba |first=Kenneth |date=4 December 2014 |title=Rwanda graft index falters but ranking unaffected |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-12-04/183704/ |access-date=30 August 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010195947/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-12-04/183704/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=Al Jazeera |date=20 September 2007 |title=Rwanda blames DR Congo for violence |author-link=Al Jazeera |location=Doha |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=13 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513110341/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=Amnesty International |year=2015 |title=Amnesty International Report 2014/15: The State of the World's Human Rights |author-link=Amnesty International |url=https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL1000012015ENGLISH.PDF |access-date=3 August 2015 |archive-date=14 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314213122/https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL1000012015ENGLISH.PDF |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Anyango |first=Gloria I. |date=4 February 2010 |title=The Barbecue Chef who masters his roast |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2010-02-04/93743/ |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010200023/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2010-02-04/93743/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |last1=Appiah |first1=Anthony |last2=Gates |first2=Henry Louis |year=2010 |title=Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 1 |edition=illustrated |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=A0XNvklcqbwC }} |isbn=978-0-19-533770-9 }} * {{cite news |last=Asiimwe |first=Bosco R |date=28 September 2011 |title=Gov't to sanction officials who failed to declare wealth |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2011-09-27/35369/ |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010200053/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2011-09-27/35369/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Asiimwe |first=Dicta |date=20 December 2014 |title=Uganda races to meet Monetary Union date |work=[[The EastAfrican]] |location=Nairobi |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Uganda-races-to-meet-Monetary-Union-date/-/2558/2563504/-/13p67lh/-/index.html |access-date=31 August 2015 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208071646/http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Uganda-races-to-meet-Monetary-Union-date/-/2558/2563504/-/13p67lh/-/index.html |url-status=dead }} * {{cite book |last=Auzias |first=Dominique |year=2007 |title=Rwanda |location=Paris |publisher=Petit Futé |language=fr |isbn=978-2-7469-2037-8 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=TyMs5XGSIzQC}}}} * {{cite news |last=Banda |first=Honoré |date=12 February 2015 |title=Rwanda's job crunch |publisher=[[The Africa Report]] |location=Paris |url=http://www.theafricareport.com/East-Horn-Africa/rwandas-job-crunch.html |access-date=7 September 2015 |archive-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119105348/http://www.theafricareport.com/East-Horn-Africa/rwandas-job-crunch.html |url-status=live }} *{{cite web|url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/02/27/090224b082b6d3c9/2_0/Rendered/PDF/Scaling0up0acc000the0case0of0Rwanda.pdf|title=Scaling Up Access to Electricity: The Case of Rwanda|publisher=World Bank Group|first1=Paul|last1=Baringanire|first2=Kabir|last2=Malik|first3=Sudeshna Ghosh|last3=Banerjee|year=2014|access-date=10 October 2015|archive-date=21 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321201003/http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/02/27/090224b082b6d3c9/2_0/Rendered/PDF/Scaling0up0acc000the0case0of0Rwanda.pdf|url-status=live}} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (I) |date=3 January 2006 |title=Rwanda redrawn to reflect compass |author-link=BBC News |location=London |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4577790.stm |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601115308/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4577790.stm |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (II) |date=31 March 2006 |title=Team reaches Nile's 'true source' |location=London |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/4864782.stm |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601132100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/4864782.stm |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (III) |date=12 January 2010 |title=Hutus 'killed Rwanda President Juvenal Habyarimana' |location=London |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8453832.stm |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601115647/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8453832.stm |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (IV) |date=11 August 2010 |title=Rwanda President Kagame wins election with 93% of vote |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-10935892 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=18 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018135933/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-10935892 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (V) |date=27 August 2010 |title=Q&A: DR Congo conflict |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11108589 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=18 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318190958/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11108589 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (VI) |date=3 November 2011 |title=Rwanda gives DR Congo back tonnes of smuggled minerals |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15570648 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223050527/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15570648 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (VII) |date=23 June 2015 |title=Rwanda profile – Media |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093244 |access-date=1 October 2015 |archive-date=7 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507041838/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093244 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (VIII) |date=4 June 2015 |title=Rwanda country profile – Overview |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093238 |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223051623/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093238 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (IX) |date=18 June 2012 |title=Rwanda 'gacaca' genocide courts finish work |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18490348 |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=8 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308072112/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18490348 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (X) |date=20 November 2012 |title=Goma: M23 rebels capture DR Congo city |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739 |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=21 November 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6CKPvBOsr?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (XI) |date=24 December 2014 |title=Why cricket is gaining in popularity in Rwanda |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20798480 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=30 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330191800/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20798480 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|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403142412/http://data.worldbank.org/country/rwanda |archive-date=3 April 2012 |access-date=23 November 2015 }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (II) |title=Internet users (per 100 people), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.P2/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 November 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408164537/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.P2/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (III) |title=School enrollment, tertiary (% gross), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 November 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408203944/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (IV) |title=Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT?page=3 |access-date=27 July 2015 |archive-date=14 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114224346/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT?page=3 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (V) |title=Health expenditure, public (% of GDP), 2010–2014 |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.PUBL.ZS |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=27 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227163701/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.PUBL.ZS |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (VI) |title=Health expenditure, public (% of GDP), 1995–1999 |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.PUBL.ZS |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=27 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227163701/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.PUBL.ZS |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (VII) |title=Life expectancy at birth, total (years), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408225203/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (VIII) |title=Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408181803/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (IX) |title=Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.TBS.INCD/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=9 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409005437/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.TBS.INCD/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (X) |title=GDP (current US$), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=28 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160628122353/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (XI) |title=International tourism, number of arrivals, graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408171020/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (XII) |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=RW |access-date=12 May 2019 |archive-date=12 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512101547/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI%3Flocations%3DRW |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (XIII) |title=Access to electricity (% of population) |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408203836/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |author=World Health Organization (WHO) |year=2015 |title=WHO Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Rwanda |author-link=World Health Organization |url=https://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_rwa_en.pdf |ref={{sfnRef|WHO|2015}} |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130755/http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_rwa_en.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite journal |author=World Health Organization (WHO) |year=2008 |title=Sharing the burden of sickness: mutual health insurance in Rwanda |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |issn=0042-9686 |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=817–908 |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |ref={{sfnRef|WHO|2008}} |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=25 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025225716/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |author = World Meteorological Organization |title = World Weather Information Service – Kigali |author-link = World Meteorological Organization |url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/127/c00254.htm |access-date = 12 November 2015 |archive-date = 20 January 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210120002348/http://worldweather.wmo.int/127/c00254.htm |url-status = live }} * {{cite web |author=World Resources Institute (WRI) |year=2006 |title=Agriculture and Food: Country profile&nbsp;– Rwanda |work=EarthTrends: The Environmental Information Portal |author-link=World Resources Institute |url=http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/agriculture-food/country-profile-153.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402134313/http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/agriculture-food/country-profile-153.html |archive-date=2 April 2012 |access-date=16 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|WRI|2006}} }} * {{cite web |author=World Resources Report |year=2011 |title=Maintenance of Hydropower Potential in Rwanda Through Ecosystem Restoration |url=http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324153346/http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2012 |access-date=16 November 2015 }} * {{cite web |author=World Trade Organization (WTO) |date=30 September 2004 |title=Continued reforms and technical assistance should help Rwanda in its efforts to achieve a dynamic economy |work=Trade policy review: Rwanda |author-link=World Trade Organization |url=http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp236_e.htm |access-date=16 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|WTO|2004}} |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002011128/http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp236_e.htm |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) |year=2001 |title=Terrestrial Ecoregions: Albertine Rift montane forests (AT0101) |author-link=World Wide Fund for Nature |url=https://secure.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at0101_full.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041222014550/https://secure.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at0101_full.html |archive-date=22 December 2004 |access-date=16 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|WWF|2001}} }} * {{cite news |author=Xinhua News Agency |date=26 August 2015 |title=Rwanda deplores French decision on case of genocide suspect |author-link=Xinhua News Agency |location=Beijing |url=http://www.globalpost.com/article/6636570/2015/08/26/rwanda-deplores-french-decision-case-genocide-suspect |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=2 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302133257/http://www.globalpost.com/article/6636570/2015/08/26/rwanda-deplores-french-decision-case-genocide-suspect |url-status=live }} {{refend}} == Vigaŵa vya kuwalo == <!-- ==============================({{NoMoreLinks}})============================== --> <!-- DO NOT ADD MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. WIKIPEDIA IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS --> <!-- If you think that your link might be useful, instead of placing it here, put --> <!-- it on this article's discussion page first. Links that have not been verified --> <!-- WILL BE DELETED --> <!-- ============================================================================= --> {{sister project links|Rwanda|voy=Rwanda}} '''Government''': * [http://www.gov.rw/ The Republic of Rwanda] (official government site) '''General''': * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210109091722/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/rwanda Rwanda]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093238 Rwanda profile] from the [[BBC News]] * {{cite web|title=Rwanda Convention Bureau|url=https://www.micemag.com/rwanda-convention-bureau/}} * {{GovPubs|Rwanda}} * {{Curlie|Regional/Africa/Rwanda}} * {{Osmrelation-inline|171496}} '''Tourism''': * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250803051901/https://visitrwanda.com/ Rwanda Tourism] (official Rwanda Tourism Board site) {{Rwanda topics}} {{Navboxes |title = Related articles |list = {{Countries of Africa}} {{Former German colonies}} {{African Union}} {{La Francophonie}} {{Commonwealth of Nations}} }} {{Authority control}} {{coord|1|57|S|29|52|E|type:country_region:RW|display=title}} [[Category:Rwanda| ]] [[Category:1962 establishments in Africa]] [[Category:Central African countries]] [[Category:Countries in Africa]] [[Category:East African countries]] [[Category:Countries and territories where English is an official language]] [[Category:French-speaking countries and territories]] [[Category:Landlocked countries]] [[Category:Least developed countries]] [[Category:Member states of the African Union]] [[Category:Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]] [[Category:Member states of the United Nations]] [[Category:Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1962]] [[Category:Swahili-speaking countries and territories]] 4ij715gcdvc76f278ywtzz0dzw95npm 121650 121649 2026-09-05T06:06:18Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa}} {{Redirect|Ruanda}} {{Pp-move|small=yes}} {{Featured article}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}} {{EngvarB|date=July 2022}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Charu cha Rwanda | common_name = Rwanda | native_name = {{nowrap|{{native name|rw|Repubulika y'u Rwanda}}<br />{{native name|fr|République du Rwanda}}<br />{{native name|sw|Jamhuri ya Rwanda}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Rwanda.svg | alt_flag = The flag of Rwanda: blue, yellow and green stripes with a yellow sun in top right corner | image_coat = Coat of arms of Rwanda.svg | alt_coat = The seal of Rwanda: central tribal devices, surmounted on a cog wheel and encircled by a square knot | symbol_type = Coat of arms | national_motto = "Ubumwe, Umurimo, Gukunda Igihugu" <br />(English: "Unity, Work, Patriotism")<br />(French: "Unité, Travail, Patriotisme")<br />(Swahili: "Umoja, Kazi, Uzalendo") | national_anthem = "{{lang|rw|[[Rwanda Nziza]]|italic=no}}"<br />({{Lang-en|"Beautiful Rwanda"}})<br /><div style="position: relative; top:0.2em;">{{center|[[File:Hymne National du Rwanda.ogg]]}}</div> | image_map = Location Rwanda AU Africa.svg | alt_map = | map_caption = {{map caption |countryprefix= |location_color=black |region=Africa |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[African Union]] |subregion_color=light blue}} | image_map2 = | capital = [[Kigali]] | coordinates = {{Coord|1|56|38|S|30|3|34|E|type:city(1,100,000)_region:RW-01|display=inline}} | largest_city = Kigali | official_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[Kinyarwanda]] | <!--PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE FRENCH WITHOUT DISCUSSION ON THE TALK PAGE--> |[[French language|French]] |[[English language|English]] |[[Swahili language|Swahili]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{ublist |99% [[Banyarwanda]]|—85% [[Hutu]] |—14% [[Tutsi]] |—1% [[Twa]]|1% Others<ref name="UN">{{cite web|title=Rwanda: A Brief History of the Country|url=http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/education/rwandagenocide.shtml|website=United Nations|access-date=4 April 2018|archive-date=24 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224221744/http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/education/rwandagenocide.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> }} | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = {{hlist|Rwandan|Rwandese}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential system|presidential]] [[republic]] under an [[authoritarian government]]<ref name="Thomson2018">{{cite book | author = Susan Thomson | date = 1 January 2018 | title = [[Rwanda: From Genocide to Precarious Peace]] | publisher = [[Yale University Press]] | pages = [https://books.google.com/books?id=Wb1TDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA189 189]– | isbn = 978-0-300-19739-6 | oclc = 1002129858}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Matfess |first1=Hilary |title=Rwanda and Ethiopia: Developmental Authoritarianism and the New Politics of African Strong Men |journal=African Studies Review |date=2015 |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=181–204 |doi=10.1017/asr.2015.43|s2cid=143013060 }}</ref> | leader_title1 = [[List of Presidents of Rwanda|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Paul Kagame]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Rwanda|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Édouard Ngirente]] | legislature = [[Parliament of Rwanda|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Senate (Rwanda)|Senate]] | lower_house = {{nowrap|[[Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda)|Chamber of Deputies]]}} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Rwanda|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[Kingdom of Rwanda]] | established_date1 = 15th century | established_event2 = Part of [[German East Africa]] | established_date2 = 1897–1916 | established_event3 = Part of [[Ruanda-Urundi]] | established_date3 = 1916–1962 | established_event4 = [[Rwandan Revolution]] | established_date4 = 1959–1961 | established_event5 = [[Republic of Rwanda|Republic declared]] | established_date5 = 1 July 1961 | established_event6 = Independence from [[Belgium]] | established_date6 = 1 July 1962 | established_event7 = Admitted to the [[United Nations|UN]] | established_date7 = 18 September 1962 | established_event8 = [[Constitution of Rwanda|Current constitution]] | established_date8 = 26 May 2003 | area_km2 = 26,338 | area_rank = 144th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_sq_mi = 10,169 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 5.3 | population_estimate = | population_census = 13,246,394{{sfn|National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda|2014|p=3}} | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_estimate_rank = 76th | population_census_year = 2022 | population_density_km2 = 470 | population_density_sq_mi = 1,217 | population_density_rank = 22nd | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $37.5 billion <ref name="IMFWEORW">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022|date=October 2022|website=IMF.org|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|access-date= October 11, 2022}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_rank = 139th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $2,836<ref name="IMFWEORW"/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 170th | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $12.1 billion<ref name="IMFWEORW"/> | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 148th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $912<ref name="IMFWEORW"/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 172th | Gini = 43.7 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2016 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = {{sfn|World Bank (XII)}} | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.534 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2021<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=8 September 2022}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 165th | currency = [[Rwandan franc]] | currency_code = RWF | time_zone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+250]] | cctld = [[.rw]] | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |93.8% [[Christianity]] |3.0% [[Irreligion|No religion]] |2.2% [[Islam in Rwanda|Islam]] |1.0% Others<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/rwanda#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020&region_name=All+Countries&restrictions_year=2016|title=Religions in Rwanda &#124; PEW-GRF|website=globalreligiousfutures.org}}</ref>}} }} '''Rwanda''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=Rwanda pronunciation.ogg|r|u|ˈ|ɑː|n|d|ə|,_|-|ˈ|æ|n|-}}; {{lang-rw|u Rwanda}} {{IPA-rw|u.ɾɡwaː.nda||Rwanda (rw) pronunciation.ogg}}), mwalamulo, '''Charu cha Rwanda''',<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government of Rwanda: Welcome to Rwanda|url=https://www.gov.rw/|access-date=22 February 2021|archive-date=23 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223181954/https://www.gov.rw/|url-status=live}}</ref>ntcharu icho chili ku chigaŵa cha [[Great Rift Valley]] ku Central Africa, uko chigaŵa cha [[African Great Lakes]] chikukumana na kumwera kwa [[Africa]]. Charu cha Rwanda chili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa [[Equator]], ndipo chili kufupi na [[Uganda]], [[Tanzania]], [[Burundi]], na [[Democratic Republic of Congo]]. Charu ichi chili pachanya chomene, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakucichema kuti "charu cha tumapiri 1,000". Mu charu ichi muli mphepo yakuzizima chomene, ndipo chaka chilichose kukuŵa nyengo ziŵiri za vula na nyengo ziŵiri za chilangalanga. Charu ichi ndicho chili na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene mu Africa. Msumba wake ukuru ni Kigali. Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakaŵa awo ŵakalondezganga ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu. Ŵanthu ŵakamba kuzgoka mafuko, ndipo pamanyuma ŵakazgoka maufumu. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500, ufumu unyake uwo ukalongozgekanga na [[Themba Gihanga]], ukakolerana na vigaŵa vinyake ivyo vikaŵa pafupi na charu cha Rwanda. Ufumu wa Rwanda ndiwo ukaŵa na mazaza kwambira pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ndipo mafumu gha Ŵatutsi ghakatimbanizganga ŵanyawo, na kuŵika mazaza ghawo paŵekha, kweniso ŵakakanizganga Ŵahutu. Mu 1897, caru ca [[Germany]] cikamba kulamulira caru ca Rwanda, ico cikaŵa cigaŵa ca German East Africa. Vyaru vyose viŵiri vya ku Europe vikawusa kwizira mwa fumu ya ku Rwanda ndipo vikalutilira kovwira Ŵatutsi. Mu 1959, Ŵahutu ŵakagaluka. Ŵakakoma Ŵatutsi ŵanandi ndipo ŵakambiska boma lakujiyimira paŵekha la Ŵahutu mu 1962, ilo likaŵa na pulezidenti Grégoire Kayibanda. Mu 1973, ŵasilikari ŵakamuwuskapo Kayibanda na kwiza na Juvénal Habyarimana ku boma. Mu 1990, gulu la Tutsi lakucemeka Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) likambiska nkhondo. Habyarimana wakakomeka mu Epulero 1994. Nkhondo ya ku Rwanda iyo yikatora mazuŵa 100, yikapangiska kuti paŵe mphindano. Gulu la RPF likamalizga kukoma ŵanthu mwa nkhondo mu Julayi 1994. Nangauli vimbundi vikuru yayi mu charu cha Rwanda pakuyaniska na vyaru vinyake, kweni charu ichi chili na vimbundi vinandi chomene pa charu chose. Ŵanthu ŵa mu charu ichi mbawukirano ndipo ŵanandi ŵakukhala ku mizi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakufuma ku fuko limoza pera, Ŵarwanda. Ndipouli, mu gulu ili muli magulu ghatatu: Ŵahutu, Ŵatutsi, na Ŵatwa. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa ŵakukhala mu nkhorongo ndipo kanandi ŵakuwoneka kuti mbana ŵa ŵanthu ŵakwambilira awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu cha Rwanda. Chikhristu ndicho ntchisopa chikuru chomene mu charu ichi. Chiyowoyero chikuru mu charu ichi ni Chikinyarwanda. Vyaru vya ku Rwanda vikuthemba pa ulimi. Mu Rwanda, khofi na tiyi ni vyakurya vikuru ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuguliska. Ntchito ya kwendakwenda yikukura mwaluŵiro comene ndipo sono ndiyo yikupangiska ndalama zinandi mu caru ici. Charu ichi chili mu wupu wa African Union, United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, COMESA, OIF na East African Community. == Mbili == {{Main|History of Rwanda|German East Africa|Ruanda-Urundi}} Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu icho sono chikuchemeka Rwanda ŵakamba kukhala mu nyengo ya chiwuvi chaumaliro, mu nyengo ya Neolithic, kuzingilizga chaka cha 8000 B.C.E., panji mu nyengo ya nyengo ya chinyezi iyo yikalondezganga, kuzingilizga chaka cha 3000 B.C.E. Ivyo ŵanthu ŵakufukura vinthu vyakale ŵali kusanga vikulongora kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga ku malo agha ŵakaŵa ŵalovi na ŵakuwunjika viswaswa mu nyengo ya malibwe, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakhalanga ku malo agha mu nyengo ya Iron Age.{{sfn|Dorsey|1994|p=36}}{{sfn|Chrétien|2003|p=45}}Ŵanthu ŵakwambilira aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵasekuru ŵa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa, awo ŵakukhala mu charu cha Rwanda mazuŵa ghano. Pakati pa 700 B.C.E. na 1500 C.E., ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵakaluta ku Rwanda, ndipo ŵakamba kulima makuni. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa awo ŵakakhalanga mu nkhorongo ŵakataya malo ghanandi agho ŵakakhalanga. Ŵanthu ŵakumanya mdauko ŵali na vigomezgo vinandi vyakukhwaskana na umo ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵakasamukiranga ku vyaru vinyake. Fundo yinyake njakuti ŵanthu aŵa ŵakendanga pachokopachoko ndipo ŵakendanga mwakukhazikika. Kuyana na fundo iyi, mphambano pakati pa Ŵahutu na Ŵatutsi yikaŵako pamanyuma ndipo yikaŵa ya mtundu yayi kweni ya ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghanyake.{{sfn|Chrétien|2003|p=69}}{{sfn|Shyaka|pp=10–11}} [[File:Rwanda Nyanza Mwami Palace.jpg|thumb|left|A reconstruction of the ancient King's Palace at [[Nyanza, Rwanda|Nyanza]]]] Mtundu wakwambilira wa ŵanthu mu chigaŵa ichi ukaŵa mbumba (ubwoko). Ŵakaŵa ŵa mafuko ghanandi, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakaŵa Ŵahutu, Ŵatutsi, na Ŵatwa. Kwambira mu ma 1500, mafuko ghakamba kuzgoka maufumu. Ufumu unyake, uwo ukaŵa pasi pa Themba Gihanga, ukapanga vigaŵa vinandi ivyo vikaŵa pafupi na ufumu wa Rwanda. Kuzakafika mu 1700, mu caru ico sono cikucemeka Rwanda mukaŵa maufumu pafupifupi 8. Limoza mwa maufumu agha ni Ufumu wa Rwanda, uwo ukawusikanga na mbumba ya Tutsi Nyiginya. Ufumu uwu ukafika paheni chomene mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800 apo Themba Kigeli Rwabugiri likawusanga. Rwabugiri wakathereska vigaŵa vichoko waka, wakasazgirako ufumu wake kumanjiliro gha dazi na kumpoto, ndipo wakambiska vyakusintha mu boma. Mu vigaŵa ivi mukaŵa ubuhake, umo ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi ŵakapelekanga viŵeto ku ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Hutu panji Tutsi kuti ŵaŵateŵetere. Cifukwa ca kusintha kwa Rwabugiri, pakaŵa mphindano pakati pa Ŵahutu na Ŵatutsi. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa ŵakakhalanga makora kuluska mu nyengo iyo Ufumu ukaŵa kuti undaŵeko, ndipo ŵanyake ŵakayamba kuvina mu nyumba ya ufumu, kweni unandi wawo ukalutilira kuchepa.{{sfn|Prunier|1995|p=6}} Pa ungano wa ku Berlin mu 1884, ufumu wa Germany ukazomerezga kuti malo agha ghaŵe chigaŵa cha German East Africa. Mu 1894, Gustav Adolf von Götzen wakaŵa munthu wakwamba wa ku Europe kwambuka charu chose cha Rwanda. Mu 1897, caru ca Germany cikamba kukhala mu caru ca Rwanda cifukwa ca kukolerana na fumu, ndipo ici cikapangiska kuti caru ici ciŵe na mazaza pa caru ici. Ŵachijeremani ŵakasintha yayi umo vinthu vikaŵira mu charu, kweni ŵakakhozgeranga themba na ŵamazaza awo ŵakaŵapo kale. Ŵalongozgi ŵa charu cha Belgium ŵakanjilira mu vyaru vya Rwanda na Burundi mu 1916, mu nyengo ya Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose, ndipo mu 1922, ŵakamba kuwusa vyaru vya Rwanda na Burundi nga ni gulu la vyaru ivyo vikacemekanga Ruanda-Urundi. Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Germany na Belgium, ŵakati ŵamba kugalukira boma la Britain, ŵakamba kuwona kuti Ŵahutu na Ŵahutu mbakupambana. Mu 1935, caru ca Belgium cikamba kupanga makadi ghakumanyikwa nagho munthu waliyose uyo ni Mututsi, Muhutu, Twa, panji munthu uyo wali na cikaya. Nangauli kale Ŵahutu awo ŵakaŵa ŵasambazi chomene ŵakazomerezgekanga kuŵa Ŵatutsi, kweni makadi agha ghakatondeskanga ŵanthu kusama.{{sfn|Gourevitch|2000|pp=56–57}} [[File:Juvénal Habyarimana (1980).jpg|thumb|upright|right|[[Juvénal Habyarimana]], president from 1973 to 1994|alt=Photograph of President Juvénal Habyarimana arriving with entourage at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, USA on 25 September 1980.]] Belgium yikalutilira kuwusa Ruanda-Urundi (uko Rwanda ukaŵa kumpoto kwake) nga ni cigaŵa ca UN pamanyuma pa Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose.{{sfn|United Nations (II)}}{{sfn|United Nations (III)}}Vinthu vikasintha chomene pakati pa Ŵatutsi, awo ŵakakhumbanga kuti charu chiŵe na wanangwa, na Ŵahutu awo ŵakakhumbanga kuti charu chiŵe na wanangwa. Mu 1961, ŵanthu ŵa ku Belgium awo ŵakaŵa ku chigaŵa cha Ŵahutu, ŵakacita phangano la ŵanthu wose. Charu cha Rwanda chikapatukana na charu cha Burundi ndipo chikaŵa pa mtende pa Julayi 1, 1962. Kufuma apo, pakaŵaso nkhaza zinandi, ndipo Ŵakututsi awo ŵakaŵa ku wuzga ŵakaŵawukira kufuma ku vyaru vyapafupi. Mu 1973, Juvénal Habyarimana wakatora mazaza mwa kuwukira boma. Ŵanthu ŵakalutilira kusankhana mitundu, kweni vinthu vikendanga makora pa nkhani ya vyachuma ndipo nkhaza izo ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi ŵakachitiranga zikakwera. Ŵanthu ŵa fuko la Twa ŵakalutilira kukhala ku mizi, ndipo mu 1990 boma likaŵachimbizga mu nkhorongo. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakakwera kufuma pa 1.6 miliyoni mu 1934 kufika pa 7.1 miliyoni mu 1989, ndipo ichi chikapangiska kuti paŵe mpikisano wa malo.{{sfn|Prunier|1995|p=4}} [[File:Nyamata Memorial Site 13.jpg|thumb|left|Human skulls at the [[Nyamata]] Genocide Memorial]] Mu 1990, gulu lakugaluka lakucemeka Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), ilo likaŵa na ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi, likapoka caru ca kumpoto kwa Rwanda kufuma ku Uganda, ndipo likambiska nkhondo ya pa cikaya. Wupu uwu ukasuska boma la Ŵahutu cifukwa ca kutondeka kusinthiska vinthu na kumazga masuzgo gha ŵanthu aŵa. Pa nkhondo iyi, palije chigaŵa icho chikaŵa na mazaza, kweni mu 1992 mazaza gha Habyarimana ghakachepa. Kulekeska nkhondo kukamara pa 6 Epulero 1994 apo ndege ya Habyarimana yikadumulika kufupi na chiŵanja cha ndege cha Kigali, ndipo wakafwa. Kuwiskira pasi ndege iyi ndiko kukapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Rwanda ŵakomeke. Mu mazuŵa pafupifupi 100, ŵanthu pakati pa 500,000 na 1,000,000 ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi na Ŵahutu awo ŵakaŵa ŵakujiyuyura ŵakakomeka na boma la kanyengo. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Twa nawo ŵakakomeka, nangauli ŵakakomeka mwakudunjika yayi.{{sfn|UNPO|2008|loc=History}} Gulu la Tutsi la RPF likambaso nkhondo, ndipo likamba kuwusa charu chose mu mwezi wa Julayi. Vyaru vinandi vikaleka kovwirapo pa nkhondo iyi, cifukwa vyaru vikuruvikuru vikakhumbanga yayi kukhozga ŵasilikari ŵa UN. Apo RPF yikamba kuwusa, Ŵahutu pafupifupi mamiliyoni ghaŵiri ŵakacimbilira ku vyaru vyapafupi, comenecomene Zaire, cifukwa ca kopa kuwezgera nduzga. Mu charu cha Rwanda, pakaŵa mtende na urunji, ndipo khoti la International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) likakhazikiskika. Kufuma mu 2000, chuma cha ku Rwanda, unandi wa ŵalendo, na Human Development Index vikukura mwaluŵiro; pakati pa 2006 na 2011 ukavu ukakhira kufuma pa 57% kufika pa 45%, apo umoyo ukafuma pa 46.6 mu 2000 kufika pa 65.4 mu 2021.{{sfn|CIA (I)}} == Ndale na boma == {{Main|Politics of Rwanda|Foreign relations of Rwanda|Rwanda Defence Force}} [[File:Paul Kagame 2014.jpg|thumb|upright|Rwandan President [[Paul Kagame]]|alt=Photograph of Paul Kagame, taken in Busan, South Korea, in 2014]] Pulezidenti wa Rwanda ni mutu wa boma, ndipo wali na mazaza ghakupambanapambana kusazgapo kupanga ndondomeko pamoza na Kabinete ya Rwanda,{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} kugwiliskira nchito mazaza gha lusungu, kulongozga ŵasilikari, kuyowoyeskana na kuzomerezga mapangano, kusaina malango gha pulezidenti, na kupharazga nkhondo panji suzgo. Pa vilimika vinkhondi na viŵiri vilivyose, pulezidenti wakusankhika na ŵanthu, ndipo wakwimika nduna yikuru na mamembara ghanyake ghose gha nduna{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}}. Pulezidenti wa sono ni Paul Kagame, uyo wakamba kuwusa apo Pasteur Bizimungu, uyo wakaŵapo pambere iyo wandawuse, wakafumapo mu 2000. Pamanyuma, Kagame wakathereska mavoti mu 2003 na 2010. Nangauli mawupu ghakuvikilira wanangwa wa ŵanthu ghakususka kuti pa mavoti agha "pakaŵa nkhaza zinandi za ndyali na kukanizga wanangwa wa kuyowoya". Ndime 101 ya dango la chalo iyi yikaŵa kuti yikukanizga kuti pulezidenti wangakhalanga nyengo ziŵiri pera, kweni ivi vikasinthika mu 2015 apo pakaŵa fundo ya ŵanthu wose. Kwizira mu kusintha kwa dango ili, Kagame wangalutilira kuŵa pulezidenti mpaka mu 2034. Kagame wakasankhika kachitatu mu 2017 na mavoti 98.79%.{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} Ndondomeko iyi yikapokelereka mu 2003, ndipo yikanjira mu malo mwa ndondomeko iyo yikaŵa mu malo mwa 1994. Ndondomeko iyi yikukhumba kuti maboma gha vipani vinandi ghaŵepo. Ndipouli, dango likukanizga kuti ŵandyali ŵachitenge vinthu vinyake. Ndime 54 yikati "magulu gha ndyali ghakukanizgika kujendera mtundu, mtundu, fuko, mbumba, chigaŵa, kugonana, cisopa panji cigaŵa cinyake ico cingapangiska kusankhana". Kweniso boma la Russia laŵika malango ghakukanizga ŵanthu kusopa vikozgo. Kuyana na wupu wa Human Rights Watch, malango agha ghakupangiska kuti caru ca Rwanda ciŵe na boma la chipani cimoza, cifukwa "pakujibisa kuti cikukhumba kukanizga kukoma ŵanthu ŵanandi, boma likukana ŵanthu wose awo ŵakususka fundo za boma". Bungwe la Amnesty International nalo likususka; mu lipoti lake la mu 2014/15, likati malango agho ghakukanizga kuwukira panji kutimbanizga mtende pakati pa ŵanthu ghakugwiliskirika nchito kuti ŵanthu ŵakakike "pakuti ŵakulondezga wanangwa wawo wa kuwungana panji kuyowoya maghanoghano ghawo".{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} Nyumba ya Malamulo yili na vipinda viŵiri. Likupanga malango ndipo lili na mazaza ghakuwonera milimo ya pulezidenti na nduna. Nyumba ya mafumu yili na ŵanthu 80 ndipo waliyose wakuŵa na vyaka vinkhondi. Viŵalo 24 vya mu wupu uwu ni vya ŵanakazi, ndipo ŵakusankhika pa ungano wa ŵalara ŵa boma; viŵalo vinyake vitatu ni vya ŵawukirano na ŵanthu ŵakupendera. Kufumila pa mavoti gha 2018, banthu bakusoleka mu chalo ichi bakukhalapo ŵanakazi 49, kufuma pa 51 mu chaka cha 2013. Nyumba yikuru ya malango ni Senate, iyo yili na ŵanthu 26, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakuyimilira ŵakusoleka na maboma ghakupambanapambana. Ŵanakazi ndiwo ŵakwenera kuŵa pa ciŵelengero ca ŵapharazgi 30 pa 100. Ŵabali ŵa mu wupu wakuwona vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵakuteŵetera vyaka 8.{{sfn|CJCR|2003|loc=article 82}} (Wonaniso [[Gender equality in Rwanda]].)[[File:RwandaParliament.jpg|thumb|left|[[Chamber of Deputies of Rwanda|Chamber of Deputies building]]|alt=Photograph of the Chamber of Deputies with highway in the foreground]] Ndondomeko ya malango ya ku Rwanda yikukolerana comene na malango gha boma la Germany na Belgium kweniso malango gha cikaya. Ŵeruzgi ŵakujiyimira ŵekha, nangauli pulezidenti na Senate ndiwo ŵakwimika ŵeruzgi ŵa Khoti Likuru Chomene. Wupu wa Human Rights Watch wawonga boma la Rwanda chifukwa cha ivyo likucita pakupeleka urunji, kusazgapo kuwuskapo cilango ca nyifwa, kweni ukuyowoya kuti ŵanthu ŵa boma ŵakunjilirapo pa vyeruzgo, nga ni kwimika ŵeruzgi cifukwa ca ndyali, kugwiliskira nchito uheni mazaza gha ŵeruzgi, na kuŵasuzga kuti ŵeruzgi ŵachitenge vinthu vinyake. Pa malango gha boma pali mitundu yiŵiri ya makhoti: ghacilendo na ghapadera. Makhoti ghakurughakuru ni Khoti Likuru Chomene, Khoti Likuru Chomene, na makhoti gha vigaŵa, apo makhoti ghakupambanapambana ni makhoti gha ŵasilikari kweniso makhoti gha malonda agho ghakaŵako mu 2011 kuti ghapwelelere milandu ya malonda. Pakati pa 2004 na 2012, makhoti gha Gacaca ghakaŵako. Khoti la Gacaca, ilo ni khoti la ku Rwanda ilo likwendeskeka na ŵanthu ŵa mu mizi na vikaya, likaŵasopo kuti lichitiske luŵiro milandu ya ŵanthu awo ŵakukayikira kuti ŵakakomeka. Khoti ili likawuskapo milandu yinandi ya kukoma ŵanthu, kweni ŵanthu ŵakususka kuti likulondezga yayi malango. Mu 2014, wupu wa Transparency International ukawona kuti charu cha Rwanda ntchakutowa chomene pa vyaru 47 vya ku Sub-Saharan Africa, ndipo ntchakutowa chomene pa vyaru 55 pa vyaru 175.{{sfn|Transparency International|2014}}{{sfn|Agutamba|2014}} Ndondomeko ya boma yikupanga ombudsman, uyo wali na mulimo wa kukanizga na kulimbana na vimbundi. Ndondomeko ya boma yikukhumba kuti ŵalara ŵa boma (nga ni pulezidenti) ŵapharazge vya usambazi wawo kwa ombudsman na ku ŵanthu. Nangauli vili nthena, wupu wa Human Rights Watch ukuwona kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakusuzgika chifukwa cha ndyali mu charu chose ichi, kusazgapo kukakika mwambura kuzomerezgeka na ŵanthu ŵanyake, kuwofyeka panji kofya ŵanthu, kuzgoreka mulandu chifukwa cha ndyali, na kukoma ŵanthu awo ŵakasuskanga mwa mtende.<ref name=Roth>{{cite book |last1=Roth |first1=Kenneth |title=Rwanda Events of 2019 |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/rwanda |website=Human Rights Watch |date=10 December 2019 |access-date=4 April 2022}}</ref> Gulu la Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) ndilo likulamulira chomene mu charu ichi kwambira mu 1994. RPF yasungilira mazaza gha pulezidenti na pharalamende mu mavoti gha charu chose, ndipo chiŵerengero cha mavoti gha chipani ichi chikuluta 70%. Gulu la RPF likuwoneka nga ni chipani icho ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tutsi ndiwo ŵakulongozga, kweni likupokelera wovwiri kufuma mu vyaru vyose, ndipo likuzomerezgeka kuti likovwira kuti paŵe mtende, kukhazikika, na kukura kwa chuma. Kuyana na lipoti la wupu wakuvikilira wanangwa wa ŵanthu wa Freedom House wa mu 2015, boma likukanizga wanangwa wa magulu ghakwimikana na boma cifukwa cakuti RPF "yikatondeska vyaru viphya kujilembeska na kukora ŵalongozgi ŵa vyaru vinyake ivyo vikaŵapo kale, ndipo ŵakaŵakanizga kupeleka ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kunjira mu mavoti". Bungwe la Amnesty International likuyowoyaso kuti RPF yikulongozga Rwanda "kwambura wakususka".{{sfn|Amnesty International|2015|p=310}} Charu cha Rwanda chili mu wupu wa United Nations, African Union, Francophonie, East African Community, na Commonwealth of Nations. Kwa vilimika vinandi mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Habyarimana, caru ici cikaŵa paubwezi wakukhora na caru ca France, kweniso na Belgium, caru ico kale cikaŵa pasi pa caru ici. Ndipouli, pasi pa muwuso wa RPF, caru ca Rwanda cikukhumba kukolerana comene na vyaru vyapafupi mu East African Community ndiposo caru ca ciyowoyero ca Cingelezi. Vyaru ivi vikamba kwendera lumoza na boma la France mu 2006 pamanyuma pakuti khoti la ku France lazenga mulandu ŵalara ŵa boma la Rwanda. Ubale na Democratic Republic of the Congo ukaŵa wakusuzga cifukwa cakuti Rwanda yikaŵapo pa Nkhondo Yakwamba na Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo. Mu 2010, wupu wa United Nations ukafumiska lipoti ilo likaphalira ŵasilikari ŵa ku Rwanda kuti ŵakachitanga viheni vikuruvikuru na kuswa wanangwa wa ŵanthu mu Democratic Republic of Congo mu nyengo ya Nkhondo Yakwamba na Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo. Ubwezi wawo ukakhora comene mu 2012, apo boma la Kinshasa likayowoya kuti caru ca Rwanda cikovwira gulu lakugaluka la M23, ilo lili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Congo. Kuzakafika mu 2015, mtende waŵaso ndipo vinthu vikwenda makora. Ubwezi wa Rwanda na Uganda ukaŵa wakusuzga mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 pamanyuma pa nkhondo ya mu 1999 pakati pa ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru viŵiri apo ŵakakhozgeranga magulu gha ŵakugaluka mu Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo, kweni ukakhora chomene mu vyaka vya m'ma 2010. Mu chaka cha 2019, ubwezi pakati pa vyaru viŵiri ivi ukasuzgika, ndipo Rwanda yikajara mphaka zake na Uganda.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-08/why-a-closed-border-has-uganda-rwanda-at-loggerheads-quicktake|title=Why a Closed Border Has Uganda, Rwanda at Loggerheads|first=David|last=Malingha|publisher=Bloomberg|date=8 March 2019|access-date=9 March 2020|archive-date=20 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420234647/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-08/why-a-closed-border-has-uganda-rwanda-at-loggerheads-quicktake|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-21/uganda-rwanda-hold-talks-on-security-concerns-reopening-border|title=Uganda, Rwanda Hold Talks On Security Concerns, Reopening Border|first1=Saul|last1=Butera|first2=Fred|last2=Ojambo|publisher=Bloomberg|date=21 February 2020|access-date=9 March 2020|archive-date=6 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200306072656/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-21/uganda-rwanda-hold-talks-on-security-concerns-reopening-border|url-status=live}}</ref> == Kugawikana kwa boma == {{Further|Decentralization in Rwanda|}} [[File:RwandaGeoProvinces.png|thumb|Provinces of Rwanda|alt=Map of Rwanda showing the five provinces in various colours, as well as major cities, lakes, rivers, and areas of neighbouring countries]] Pambere ŵanthu ŵa ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi ŵandambe kulamulira charu ichi, boma la Rwanda likaŵa na ndondomeko ya ndyali.{{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}} Nangauli pakaŵa ndondomeko yakukwana, kweni boma lakwamba likakhazikiskanga ndondomeko yakukolerana ya "maufumu ghakupambanapambana". Mu nyengo ya themba, mulongozgi uyo wakasankhika ndiyo wakalamuliranga chigaŵa icho chikagaŵika mu vigaŵa vinandi. Ŵalaraŵalara ŵaŵiri awo ŵakimikika na mulongozgi wa vigaŵa ŵakalongozganga vigaŵa; mulara yumoza wakapika mazaza pa malo apo munyake wakalaŵiliranga viŵeto. Themba (mwami) likaŵa na vigaŵa, vigaŵa, tumapiri, na vigaŵa. Kufumira mu 2003, malango gha charu cha Rwanda ghakagaŵa vigaŵa (intara), vigaŵa (uturere), misumba, misumba, vigaŵa (imirenge), maselo (utugari), na mizi (imidugudu); vigaŵa vikuruvikuru, na mphaka zawo, vikupangika na pharalamende. Mu Janyuwale 2006, charu cha Rwanda chikasinthika ndipo chigaŵa chimoza chikaŵa na vigaŵa 12, ndipo chigaŵa chinyake chikaŵa na vigaŵa 30. {{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}}Malire agho ghalipo sono, agho ghakalembeka mu 2006, ghakukhumba kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuŵa na mazaza pa charu chose kweniso kuti ŵaleke kukolerana na ndondomeko yakale na kukoma ŵanthu. Vyaru vikuruvikuru ivyo vikaŵa na vigaŵa 12 vikaŵa na vigaŵa vinkhondi. Malo agha ni Northern Province, Southern Province, Eastern Province, Western Province, na Municipality of Kigali mu pakati.{{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}} Vigaŵa vinkhondi ivi vikovwira kuti boma na vigaŵa vyawo viŵe paubwezi. Ndondomeko ya Rwanda Decentralization Strategic Framework iyo yikapangika na Unduna wa Vyaru yikuphalira vigaŵa kuti viŵe na mulimo wa "kurongozga vinthu vyakukhwaskana na muwuso mu vigaŵa, kweniso kulaŵilira na kupima". Chigaŵa chilichose chikulongozgeka na kazembe, uyo wakusankhika na pulezidenti na kuzomerezgeka na Senate. Vigaŵa ivi ni ivyo vikulaŵilira mulimo wa kupeleka mauteŵeti gha boma na kukhozga chuma. Ŵakugaŵikana mu vigaŵa, ndipo vigaŵa ivi ndivyo vikupeleka mauteŵeti gha boma. Vigaŵa na vigaŵa vikuŵa na makonsili agho ghakuwusika na ŵanthu, ndipo ghakulongozgeka na komiti iyo yikusankhika na makonsili agha. Vipinda na vikaya ni vigaŵa vichoko comene vya ndyali, ndipo vikovwira ŵanthu na vigaŵa. Ŵanthu wose ŵakukhwima awo ŵakukhala mu cigaŵa ici ŵali mu wupu wa vigaŵa vyawo, uwo ukuŵa na wupu wakulamulira. Msumba wa Kigali ni boma la chigaŵa, ilo likulaŵilira ndondomeko ya vinthu vya mu msumba.{{sfn|MINALOC|2007|p=8}} == Makhalilo gha charu == {{Main|Geography of Rwanda}} [[File:Rwanda Topography.png|thumb|upright=1.3|Topography of Rwanda]] Pa malo ghakukwana 26,338 square kilometres (10,169 sq mi), Rwanda ni chalo cha 149 pa vyaru vikuruvikuru pa charu chose chapasi, ndipo ndico nchigaŵa cacinayi pa vyaru vikuruvikuru mu Africa pamanyuma pa Gambia, Eswatini, na Djibouti. Charu ichi chili nga ni Burundi, Haiti, na Albania. Charu chose chili pachanya chomene. Malo ghachoko chomene ni Mlonga wa Rusizi. Charu cha Rwanda chili ku Central/Eastern Africa, ndipo chili na mphaka na Democratic Republic of Congo kumanjiliro gha dazi, Uganda kumpoto, Tanzania kumafumiro gha dazi, na Burundi kumwera. Charu ichi chili ku malo ghapacanya comene ndipo kulije maji. Msumba ukuru wa Kigali uli pafupi na pakati pa charu cha Rwanda.{{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2010}} Malo agho ghakukolerana na maji gha mu Congo na Nile ghakwenda kufuma kumpoto kuya kumwera mu Rwanda, ndipo pafupifupi 80% ya malo gha mu charu ichi ghakukhira mu Nile na 20% mu Congo kwizira mu Mlonga wa Rusizi na Nyanja ya Tanganyika. Mlonga utali comene wa mu caru ici ni Nyabarongo, uwo ukufuma kumwera ca kumanjiliro gha dazi, ukuyerera kumpoto, kumafumiro gha dazi, na kumwera kwa kumafumiro gha dazi pambere undapange Kagera. Mlonga wa Nyabarongo-Kagera ukuthira mu Nyanja ya Victoria, ndipo uko ukufuma mu nkhorongo ya Nyungwe ndiko kukumanyikwa uko Nile yikufuma. Ku Rwanda kuli nyanja zinandi, ndipo yikuru comene ni Nyanja ya Kivu. Nyanja iyi yikukhala pasi pa Albertine Rift mumphepete mwa mphaka ya kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda, ndipo njimoza mwa nyanja zakunyang'amira chomene pa charu chapasi. Maziŵa ghanyake ghakuru ni Burera, Ruhondo, Muhazi, Rweru, na Ihema. Mu chigaŵa chapakati na kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda muli mapiri, ndipo nyengo zinyake charu ichi chikuchemeka "Pays des mille collines" mu Chifurenchi. Chigaŵa ichi chili ku mapiri gha Albertine Rift Mountains, agho ghakukolerana na chigaŵa cha East African Rift, icho chikwenda kufuma kumpoto kuya kumwera kufupi na mphaka ya kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda. Vipiri vikuruvikuru vikusangika mu Virunga volcano chain ku northwest; ichi chikusazgapo Phiri la Karisimbi, malo ghakuru chomene mu Rwanda, pa mamita 4,507. Chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu ichi chili mukati mwa nkhorongo ya Albertine Rift. Malo agha ghali pa mtunda wa mamita 1,500 m'paka 2,500. Pakati pa caru pali mapiri ghanandi, ndipo kumafumiro gha dazi kwa caru ici kuli mapiri gha savanna, mapiri na vyakumera.{{sfn|Munyakazi|Ntagaramba|2005|p=18}} === Nyengo === [[File:RwandaVolcanoAndLake cropped2.jpg|thumb|Lake and volcano in the [[Virunga Mountains]]|alt=Photograph of a lake with one of the Virunga mountains behind, partially in cloud]] Charu cha Rwanda chili na mphepo yakuzizima chomene, ndipo chifukwa chakuti chili pa mtunda utali chomene, mphepo yake njakukhoma chomene. Mu msumba wa Kigali, uwo uli pakatikati pa charu ichi, zuŵa lililose kutentha kwake kukuŵa pakati pa 15 na 28 °C.{{sfn|Strategic Foresight Group|2013|p=29}} Mu vyaru vinandi, matenthedwe ghakupambana. Mu chaka muli nyengo ziŵiri za vula, yakwamba yikwamba mu Febuluwale m'paka Juni ndipo yachiŵiri yikumalira mu Seputembala m'paka Disembala. Nyengo iyi yikupambana mu vigaŵa viŵiri: nyengo yikuru yikwamba mu Juni m'paka Seputembala, ndipo kanandi kukuŵavya vula. Vikuŵa vyakupambana mu vigaŵa vya charu ichi. Pakuti charu chikusintha, nyengo ya vula yikusintha. Lipoti linyake la wupu unyake likati kusintha kwa nyengo kwachepeska mazuŵa agho kukulokwa vula pa chaka, kweniso kwachitiska kuti vula zinandi zilokenge. Vinthu ivi vyapangiska kuti ŵalimi ŵasuzgikenge, ndipo vyakhwaska vipasi. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuwona kuti charu cha Rwanda chikusintha mwaluŵiro, ndipo pa vyaka 50 ivyo vyajumpha, matenthedwe ghakukwera pakati pa 0.7°C na 0.9°C.{{sfn|Strategic Foresight Group|2013|p=29}} === Vyamoyo === {{Main|Wildlife of Rwanda}} [[File:Mountain gorilla from Susa Group in Karisimbi thicket of Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda. Emmanuel Kwizera.jpg|left|thumb|[[Volcanoes National Park]] is the home of the largest population of [[Mountain Gorillas]] in the world.]] Mu nyengo yakale, nkhorongo ya mu mapiri yikaŵa pafupifupi cigaŵa cimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu vya caru ca Rwanda. Sono vyakumera vikusangika mu malo ghakukhala ŵanthu ŵatatu pera. Nkhorongo yikuru comene ya Nyungwe, yili na mitundu 200 ya makuni, makuni gha orchids na begonias. Vyakumera mu Virwa vya Volcanoes National Park ni vikhuni vya nkhonyo na vyakumera. Kweni ku Akagera kuli nkhorongo iyo kuli makuni ghanandi gha akasiya. Ku Akagera kuli vyakumera vinandi ivyo ni vichoko panji vili pangozi ya kumara, nga ni Markhamia lutea na Eulophia guineensis.{{sfn|REMA (Chapter 5)|2009|p=3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/rwanda_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf |title=Climate Change Adaption in Rwanda |publisher=USAID |access-date=14 March 2022}}</ref> Viyuni vikuruvikuru vinandi vikusangika mu malo agha. Ku Akagera kuli viyuni vya ku savana nga ni zirafu na zovu, ndipo ku Volcanoes kuli viyuni vya ku mapiri ivyo vikukhala pafupifupi vigaŵa vitatu pa vigaŵa vitatu. Nkhorongo ya Nyungwe yili na mitundu 13 ya vinyama vyakuchemeka primates, kusazgapo vinyama vya chimpanzee na vinyama vinyake vyakuchemeka Ruwenzori colobus.{{sfn|Briggs|Booth|2006|p=140}} [[File:Talk - Flickr - askmeaks.jpg|upright|thumb|Giraffe in Akagera National Park]] Nkhalamu za ku Rwanda zikamara mu 1994, apo malo ghakusungirako nkharamu ghakazgoka misasa ya ŵanthu awo ŵakachimbira kwawo. Mu Juni 2015, malo ghaŵiri ghakusungirako nkharamu ku South Africa ghakapeleka nkharamu zinkhondi na ziŵiri ku malo ghakusungirako nkharamu gha Akagera National Park. Pakwamba nkhalamu zikaŵa mu malo ghakuzingilizgika na mpanda, ndipo pamanyuma zikakakika na kufumiskika mu ciŵaya mwezi umoza pamanyuma pake.{{sfn|The New Times|2015}} Mu 2017, nkhumba zakufipa 18 izo zili pa ngozi zikiza ku Rwanda kufuma ku South Africa. Viyuni ivi vikasintha makora chomene mwakuti mu 2019, vikoko vinyake vinkhondi vyamalibwe vikapelekeka ku malo ghakusungirako viŵeto ku Europe. Mwakuyana waka, ciŵelengero ca viyuni ivi cikukura comene mu Rwanda. Mu chaka cha 2021, Rwanda yikapokera viyuni 30 vyakuchemeka white rhinos kufuma ku South Africa na chilato chakuti Akagera yiŵe malo ghakukhora ghakubabira viyuni ivi. Ku Rwanda kuli viyuni vyamtundu wa 670 ndipo vyamoyo ivi vikupambana mu vyaru vya kumafumiro na kumanjiliro gha dazi. Nkhorongo ya Nyungwe, iyo yili kumanjiliro gha dazi, yili na mitundu ya viyuni yakujumpha 280, ndipo 26 mwa mitundu iyi yikusangika ku Albertine Rift. Kweni ku mafumiro gha dazi kwa charu cha Rwanda kuli viyuni vinandi nga ni gonolek wakuŵa na mutu wakufipa. Ŵasayansi ŵakuti mu charu ichi muli mitundu yinandi ya viyuni ivi. Mu charu cha Rwanda muli vigaŵa vitatu: nkhorongo ya Albertine Rift, nkhorongo ya Victoria Basin, na nkhorongo ya Ruwenzori-Virunga. Charu ichi chili na chiŵelengero cha 3.85/10 pa 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index, ndipo chili pa 139 pa vyaru 172.<ref name="FLII-Supplementary">{{cite journal|last1=Grantham|first1=H. S.|last2=Duncan|first2=A.|last3=Evans|first3=T. D.|last4=Jones|first4=K. R.|last5=Beyer|first5=H. L.|last6=Schuster|first6=R.|last7=Walston|first7=J.|last8=Ray|first8=J. C.|last9=Robinson|first9=J. G.|last10=Callow|first10=M.|last11=Clements|first11=T.|last12=Costa|first12=H. M.|last13=DeGemmis|first13=A.|last14=Elsen|first14=P. R.|last15=Ervin|first15=J.|last16=Franco|first16=P.|last17=Goldman|first17=E.|last18=Goetz|first18=S.|last19=Hansen|first19=A.|last20=Hofsvang|first20=E.|last21=Jantz|first21=P.|last22=Jupiter|first22=S.|last23=Kang|first23=A.|last24=Langhammer|first24=P.|last25=Laurance|first25=W. F.|last26=Lieberman|first26=S.|last27=Linkie|first27=M.|last28=Malhi|first28=Y.|last29=Maxwell|first29=S.|last30=Mendez|first30=M.|last31=Mittermeier|first31=R.|last32=Murray|first32=N. J.|last33=Possingham|first33=H.|last34=Radachowsky|first34=J.|last35=Saatchi|first35=S.|last36=Samper|first36=C.|last37=Silverman|first37=J.|last38=Shapiro|first38=A.|last39=Strassburg|first39=B.|last40=Stevens|first40=T.|last41=Stokes|first41=E.|last42=Taylor|first42=R.|last43=Tear|first43=T.|last44=Tizard|first44=R.|last45=Venter|first45=O.|last46=Visconti|first46=P.|last47=Wang|first47=S.|last48=Watson|first48=J. E. M.|display-authors=1|title=Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material|journal=Nature Communications|volume=11|issue=1|year=2020|page=5978|issn=2041-1723|doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|pmid=33293507|pmc=7723057|bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5978G |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Chuma == {{Main|Economy of Rwanda}} [[File:Rwanda Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Graphical depiction of Rwanda's product exports.]] Chuma cha charu cha Rwanda chikapwetekeka comene pa nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵakakomekeranga mu 1994, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwa, vinthu vikaŵayendera makora yayi, vinthu vikaphyoreka, ndipo vyakurya vikasoŵa. Ici cikapangiska kuti GDP yichepe comene ndipo cikapangiska kuti caru ici cileke kukopa ndalama za boma na za caru cinyake. Kufuma waka pa nyengo iyi, chuma cha pa caru cose caŵaso cakukhora comene, ndipo GDP ya munthu yumoza yikukwana $909.9 mu 2022, pakuyaniska na $127 mu 1994. Vyaru vikuru comene ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuguliskira vyakurya ku vyaru vinyake ni China, Germany, na United States. Chuma chikuyang'aniridwa ndi Central National Bank of Rwanda ndipo ndalama zake ndi franc yaku Rwanda; mu Disembala 2019, mtengo wosinthira unali ma franc 910 ku dola imodzi yaku United States. Mu 2007, caru ca Rwanda cikanjira mu wupu wa East African Community, ndipo cazomerezga ndondomeko ya umoza wa ndalama pakati pa vyaru vinkhondi na viŵiri ivyo vikanjilira mu wupu uwu. Charu cha Rwanda chili na vyakurya vichoko waka, ndipo ŵalimi ŵa mu charu ichi ndiwo ŵakulima. Pafupifupi 90% ya ŵanthu awo ŵakugwira ntchito mu minda, ndipo vyakurya vikaŵa 32.5% ya GDP mu 2014. Ŵalimi ŵakutemwa kulima malo ghacoko waka. Kwamba m'ma 1980, viŵeto vikukura yayi kweniso vyakurya vikusangika viŵi yayi, cifukwa ca ŵanthu awo ŵakusamukira ku vyaru vinyake. Nangauli charu cha Rwanda chili na vyakurya vinandi, kweni kanandi ŵanthu ŵakukwera yayi. Kweni mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, vinthu vyasintha chomene chifukwa cha kukura kwa vyakurya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From genocide to growth: Rwanda's remarkable economic turnaround – GE63 |url=https://ge63.com/rwanda-economic-growth |access-date=2023-03-31 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[File:Transporting bananas.jpg|thumb|Rwanda produced 2.6 million tonnes of banana in 2019, its largest cash crop.<ref name="Rwanda production in 2019, by FAO">{{cite web| url = http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/| title = Rwanda production in 2019, by FAO|publisher=The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations }}</ref>]] Vyakumera vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakulima mu charu ichi ni matoke (banana) iyo yikukwana chigaŵa chimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu vya charu ichi, mbatata, nyungu, mbatata, maniyu, tirigu na chimanga. Khofi na tiyi ni vyakurya vikuru comene ivyo ŵanthu ŵakupeleka ku vyaru vinyake. Malipoti ghakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 400,000 ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakukhala mu minda ya khofi. Cifukwa cakuti caru ca Rwanda cikuthemba comene pa vyakurya ivyo vikupelekeka ku vyaru vinyake, ntchipusu yayi kuti mitengo ya vyakurya ivi yisinthe. Viŵeto ivyo vikuŵako mu Rwanda ni ng'ombe, mbuzi, mberere, nkhumba, nkhuku, na mpheta. Nangauli mu vigaŵa vya Kigali muli minda yinandi ya viŵeto, kweni viŵeto vinandi vikuŵa vyachilendo. Kucepa kwa malo na maji, vyakurya vyambura kukwana na vya mtundu uheni, kweniso nthenda zakwambukira nyengo na nyengo kwambura wovwiri wakukwana wa ŵadokotala ni vinthu vikuru ivyo vikupangiska kuti mulimo wa vyakurya uleke kwenda makora. Nangauli somba zikulengeskeka mu nyanja za mu caru ici, kweni zinandi zikumara, ndipo zikwiza na somba zamoyo. Makampani gha vyamalonda ghakaŵa ghacoko comene, ghakapanga 14.8% ya GDP mu 2014. Vinthu ivi ni simenti, vyakurya, vyakumwa, sopo, vyakuvwara, skapato, vinthu vya pulasitiki, vyakuvwara na hona. Makampani gha migodi gha ku Rwanda ndigho ghakovwira chomene, ndipo mu 2008 ghakapanga ndalama zakukwana madola 93 miliyoni. Vinthu ivi ni cassiterite, wolframite, golide, na coltan, ivyo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito pakupanga vinthu vya magesi na mawoko nga ni mafoni.{{sfn|Mukaaya|2009}}{{sfn|Delawala|2001}} Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, mu charu cha Rwanda mukaŵa suzgo la ndalama chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ngongoli, wovwiri wa vyaru vinyake, na ndalama. Mu 2010, ntchito iyi yikalutilira makora ndipo yikaŵa yikuru chomene mu charu ichi. Vinthu vikuru ivyo vikovwira ŵanthu pa nkhani ya ndalama ni mabanki na vyamalonda, malonda gha pa wumba na ghakurughakuru, mahotelo na malo ghakurya, mendero, kusungirako vinthu, kwendeska mawoko, ma inshuwalansi, katundu, maofesi gha bizinesi na maboma, kusazgapo masambiro na umoyo. Ntchito ya kwendakwenda njimoza mwa vinthu ivyo vikukura mwaluŵiro comene mu vyaru ivi. Mu 2007, ndiyo yikamba kusanga ndalama zinandi mu vyaru ivi. Nangauli charu ichi chili na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakakomeka, kweni charu ichi chikuwoneka kuti ntchakukhora. Mu 2013, ŵanthu 864,000 ŵakiza ku malo agha. Mu 2014, ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakasanganga chifukwa cha vyakusanguluska zikaŵa madola 303 miliyoni. Cinthu cikuru comene ico cikovwira kuti ndalama izi ziŵe zinandi ni ivyo vikusangika mu malo ghakucemeka Volcanoes National Park. Vinyake ivyo vikukondweska ni Nkhorongo ya Nyungwe, uko kuli tumalumba, Ruwenzori colobus, na vinyama vinyake vyakuduka mudera, malo ghakusungirako vyakumera gha mu Nyanja ya Kivu, na Akagera, malo ghacilendo agho ghali kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi.{{sfn|RDB (II)}} === Wayilesi na nthowa zakuyowoyeskelana === {{Main|Telecommunications in Rwanda}} Ma wayilesi na mawayilesi ghakurughakuru ni gha boma, ndipo manyuzipepara ghanandi nga boma. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Rwanda ŵali na wayilesi; mu nyengo ya kusakaza ŵanthu mu 1994, wayilesi ya Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines yikapharazganga mu caru cose, ndipo yikawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵakomeke kwizira mu upharazgi wakususkana na Ŵakututsi. Mu 2015, wayilesi ya boma ya Radio Rwanda ndiyo yikaŵa yikuru chomene mu charu chose. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵalije TV, ndipo nyumba zinandi zilije TV. Boma likamba kugwiliskira ntchito wayilesi ya digito mu 2014, ndipo pakati pajumpha chaka chimoza, pa charu chose pakaŵa mawayilesi 7. Ŵapharazgi ŵakuŵa na mazaza pa nkhani iyi, ndipo nyuzipepara zikujikora kuti boma lileke kuŵasuzga. Nangauli vili nthena, mabuku gha mu Cikirwanda, Cingelezi, na Cifurenci agho ghakususka boma ghalipo comene mu Kigali. Malango ghakusazgikira pambere mavoti gha pulezidenti wa ku Rwanda gha 2010 ghandambe, ndipo nyuzipepara ziŵiri zakujiyimira paŵekha, Umuseso na Umuvugizi, yikakanizgika na wupu wa High Media Council kwa myezi 6.{{sfn|Reporters Without Borders|2010}} Gulu lakale chomene la mafoni mu charu ichi, la Rwandatel, likaleka kugwira ntchito mu 2011, ndipo 80% yikaŵa ya kampani ya ku Libya yakuchemeka LAP Green. Kampani iyi yikaguliskika mu 2013 na Liquid Telecom, kampani iyo yikupanga ma telecommunications na fiber optic networks mu East na Southern Africa. Kufumira mu 2015, Liquid Telecom yikupereka ma telefoni ghakukhazikika ku ŵanthu 30,968, ndipo MTN Rwanda nayo yikupereka ma telefoni ghakukhazikika ku ŵanthu 15,497. Mafoni gha pa nyumba ghakugwiliskirika nchito comene na maboma, mabanki, mawupu ghambura vya boma, na maofesi gha ŵimiliri. Mu 2015, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito mafoni mu charu ichi chikaŵa 72.6%, kufuma pa 41.6% mu 2011. MTN Rwanda ndiyo yikulongozga na ŵanthu 3,957,986, ndipo yikulondezgeka na Tigo na ŵanthu 2,887,328, na Bharti Airtel na ŵanthu 1,336,679. Rwandatel nayo wakendeskanga foni, kweni wupu wakuwona vya msonkho ukawuskapo layisensi yake mu Epulero 2011, cifukwa cakuti kampani iyi yikatondeka kufiska ivyo yikapangana. Ŵanthu awo ŵakugwiliskira nchito Intaneti mbacoko, kweni ŵakukura mwaluŵiro. Mu 2015, pa ŵanthu 100, ŵanthu 12,8 ndiwo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito Intaneti. Mu 2011, ŵakamalizga kupanga telefoni ya makilomita 2,300 (ma kilomita 1,400) ya fiber-optic. Netiweki iyi yikukolerana na SEACOM, chingwe cha pasi pa nyanja icho chikovwira ŵanthu kuti ŵapharazgenge mu vyaru vya kumwera na kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Africa. Mu caru ca Rwanda, misewu iyi yikwenda mu misewu yikuruyikuru iyo yikukolerana na misumba gha mu caru cose. Mtundu wa MTN nawo ukupeleka Intaneti kwambura waya mu vigaŵa vinandi vya Kigali. Mu Okutobala 2019, Mara Corporation wakambiska foni yakwamba ya ku Africa ku Rwanda.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-rwanda-telecoms-idUSKBN1WM1TN|title=Rwanda launches first 'Made in Africa' smartphones|date=10 October 2019|work=Reuters|access-date=10 October 2019|language=en|archive-date=9 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009161807/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-rwanda-telecoms-idUSKBN1WM1TN|url-status=live}}</ref> === Vyakuzenga === {{Main|Transport in Rwanda|Energy in Rwanda|Water supply and sanitation in Rwanda}}[[File:WaterPumpRwanda.jpg|thumb|right|Rural water pump|alt=Photograph depicting one adult and five children filling jerrycans at a rural metal water pump with concrete base, at the bottom of a steep rocky hillside]] Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, boma la Rwanda likaŵika pakwamba ndalama zakovwilira ŵanthu kuti ŵasange maji. Ndalama izi, pamoza na wovwiri wa awo ŵakupeleka wovwiri, vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵasange maji ghawemi{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}}. Mu 2015, ŵanthu 74 pa 100 ŵaliwose ŵakaŵa na maji ghawemi, kufuma pa 55 pa 100 mu 2005. Vinthu vya mu charu ichi vikovwira ŵanthu kusanga maji mu misumba na mu mizi. Ku malo agho kulije makina agha, ŵakugwiliskira ntchito mapampu gha pa woko na visimi. Nangauli mu vigaŵa vinandi vya caru ici, maji ghakukhira comene kuluska 750 millimeters pa caka, kweni ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira nchito viŵi yayi maji gha vula. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakugwiliskira ntchito yayi vinthu vyakutowa. Wupu wa United Nations ukuti mu 2006, ŵanthu 34 pa 100 ŵaliwose awo ŵakakhalanga mu misumba kweniso 20 pa 100 ŵaliwose awo ŵakakhalanga ku mizi ŵakaŵa na vinthu vyakutowa. Msumba wa Kigali ngumoza mwa misumba yakutowa comene mu Africa. Maboma ghakwendera fundo zakovwira ŵanthu kuti ŵaŵe na umoyo uwemi waka mu misumba. Ŵanthu ŵanandi mu misumba na mu mizi ŵakugwiliskira ntchito malo ghakusoperapo.{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}} Kufikira m'ma 2000s, magetsi a ku Rwanda anali opangidwa pafupifupi kuchokera ku magwero a hydroelectric; malo opangira magetsi pa Nyanja ya Burera ndi Ruhondo amapereka 90% ya magetsi a dziko. Kuyana na ivyo vikachitika mu 1990, maji gha mu nyanja ziŵiri izi ghakakhira chomene chifukwa cha kuthuta kwa vula na vinthu ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita. Ivi vikapangiska kuti mu 2004 kuŵe suzgo la ndalama ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaleka ntchito. Pakuŵa cakukhumbikwa ca mwaluŵiro, boma likaŵika mageneretara gha dizilo kumpoto kwa Kigali; mu 2006 agha ghakapanga 56% ya magesi gha mu caru, kweni ghakaŵa ghakudura comene. Boma likakhazikiska nthowa zinandi zakumazgira suzgo ili, kusazgapo kuwezgerapo malo ghakututuŵa gha Rugezi, agho ghakupereka maji ku Burera na Ruhondo, na kugwiliskira nchito ndondomeko ya kupokera gasi wa methane kufuma mu Nyanja ya Kivu, iyo pakwamba yikwenera kusazgirako nkhongono za mu caru na 40%. Mu 2012, ŵanthu 18 pera ndiwo ŵakaŵa na magesi, kweni mu 2009 ŵakaŵa 10.8%. Ndondomeko ya boma ya vyachuma na kuchepeska ukavu ya 2013-18 yikukhumba kuti mu 2017 ŵanthu 70 pa 100 ŵaliwose ŵaŵe na magesi.{{sfn|Baringanire|Malik|Banerjee|2014|p=1}}[[File:Rwanda electricity production.svg|thumb|Rwanda electricity production by source|upright=1.3]] Boma la Rwanda laŵikapo ndalama zinandi pa vinthu vyakwendeskera mendero kwambira waka apo ŵanthu ŵakakomekera mu 1994, na wovwiri wa United States, European Union, Japan, na vyaru vinyake. Mtundu wa magalimoto uwo ulipo ni misewu iyo yili pakati pa Kigali na misumba yinyake yikuruyikuru. Charu cha Rwanda chikukolerana na vyaru vinyake vya East African Community, nga ni Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi na Kenya, kweniso na misumba ya Goma na Bukavu ku mafumiro gha dazi kwa Congo. Mtundu ukuru comene wa kwendeska ŵanthu mu caru ici ni basi, izo zikwendeska ŵanthu ŵanandi. Mabasi ghanyake, chomenechomene mu Kigali, ghakuŵa na magalimoto ghambura kutumphuskika, ndipo ghanyake ghakuŵa na magalimoto gha taxi. Mabasi ghakurughakuru ghanandi ghakukwana yayi, ndipo ghakwenda mu charu chose. Mu 2013, ku Rwanda kukaŵa magalimoto 9,609 agho ghakalembeskeka pa galimoto, ndipo magalimoto 579 pera. Pali mabasi agho ghakwendeska ŵanthu ku vyaru vinyake. Charu ichi chili na chiŵanja cha ndege ku Kigali icho chikwendako ku vyaru vinandi, ndipo nthowa zakwendako chomene ni izo zikuluta ku Nairobi na Entebbe.{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}} Mu 2017, mulimo wa kuzenga ndege ya Bugesera International Airport, kumwera kwa Kigali, ukayamba. Gulu la ndege ilo likwendeska ndege mu charu ichi ni RwandAir. Kufumira mu 2015 chalo ichi chilije njanji, kweni pali pulojekiti iyo yikuchitika, pamoza na Burundi na Tanzania, ya kusazgirako Tanzania Central Line mu Rwanda; vyaru vitatu ivi vyachema mabungwe ghapachanya kuti ghaŵe na chilato cha kupanga mgwirizano wa boma na wanangwa wa ŵanthu. Pa nyanja ya Kivu palije maji ghakwendeskera sitima pakati pa misumba iyo yili pa dowoko, nangauli pali nthowa zinyake izo boma likupeleka. Unduna wa vya Vipatala ukuwonaso usange vingachitika kuti charu cha Rwanda chikolerane na Nyanja ya Victoria pa mlonga wa Akagera.{{sfn|MININFRA|2013|p=43}} == Ŵanthu == {{Main|Demographics of Rwanda|Youth in Rwanda}} Kufika mu 2015, National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda yikati ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵalipo 11,262,564, apo mu 2022 ŵalipo 13,246,394. Kuyana na kalembera wa mu 2012, ŵanthu 10,515,973 ndiwo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba uwu. Ŵanthu ŵanandi mbawukirano. Mu 2012, ŵanthu 43.3% ŵakaŵa na vyaka 15 kukhilira pasi, ndipo 53.4% ŵakaŵa na vyaka vyapakati pa 16 na 64. Buku la CIA World Factbook likuti mu 2015, ŵanthu ŵakukwana 40.2 pa ŵanthu 1,000 awo ŵakababikanga, ndipo ŵanthu 14.9 ŵakufwa. Ŵanthu ŵakukhala vyaka 67,67 (69,27 kwa ŵanakazi na 67,11 kwa ŵanalume). Chiŵelengero cha ŵanalume na ŵanakazi mu charu ichi chili pa 95.9 pa ŵanakazi 100.{{sfn|CIA (I)}} [[File:Rwandan children at Volcans National Park.jpg|thumb|left|Rural children|alt=Photograph depicting seven rural children, with a straw house and farmland in the background, taken in the Volcanoes National Park in 2005]] Mu charu ichi muli ŵanthu 445 pa kilomita yimoza. Ŵakulemba mdauko nga ni Gérard Prunier ŵakugomezga kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakomeka mu 1994. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakukhala ku mizi, ndipo mu misumba ghachoko waka muli malo ghakukhala ŵanthu. Malo ghekha agho muli ŵanthu ŵachoko chomene mu charu ichi ni malo agho kale ghakaŵa chigaŵa cha Umutara, ndipo kumafumiro gha dazi kuli malo ghakuchemeka Akagera National Park. Msumba ukuru chomene wa Kigali uli na ŵanthu pafupifupi 1 miliyoni. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukwera mwaluŵiro ŵakusuzga kuti vinthu viŵe makora. Kuyana na kalembera wa mu 2012, msumba ukuru waciŵiri ni Gisenyi, uwo uli pafupi na Nyanja ya Kivu na msumba wa Goma ku Congo, ndipo uli na ŵanthu 126,000. misumba ghanyake ghakuru ni Ruhengeri, Butare, na Muhanga. Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu misumba ŵakakwera kufuma pa 6% mu 1990 kufika pa 16.6% mu 2006; kweni mu 2011, chiŵelengero ichi chikakhira pachoko waka kufika pa 14.8%. Charu cha Rwanda chili na ŵanthu ŵa viyowoyero na mitheto yakuyana waka, ndipo ichi chikupambana na vyaru vinandi vya mu Africa, ivyo vili na vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵali na magulu ghatatu, Ŵahutu, Ŵatutsi, na Ŵatwa. Buku la CIA la World Factbook likuyowoya kuti mu 2009, Ŵahutu ŵakaŵa 84% ya ŵanthu wose mu charu ichi, Ŵatutsi 15%, na Ŵatwa 1%. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Twa mbana ŵachoko awo ŵali kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵakwambilira awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu cha Rwanda. Kweni ŵasayansi ŵakukolerana yayi pa nkhani ya umo Ŵahutu na Ŵakututsi ŵakaŵirako. Nkhwantha ya vya ŵanthu, Jean Hiernaux, yikati Ŵakututsi mbanthu ŵakupambana na mitundu yinyake, ndipo ŵakutemwa kuŵa na "mitu, visko, na mphuno ziheni". Mu caru ca Rwanda pambere caru ici cindaŵeko, Ŵakututsi ndiwo ŵakaŵa ŵamazaza, ndipo mafumu na ŵalongozgi ŵanandi ŵakafuma mwa iwo. Boma la sono likukana kupambaniska pakati pa Ŵahutu na Ŵatutsi. Kafukufuku wa mu 2002 wakaŵa wakwamba kwambira mu 1933 kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵaleke kupika magulu ghatatu.{{sfn|Agence France-Presse|2002}} === Masambilo === {{Main|Education in Rwanda}} [[File:OLPC classroom teaching.JPG|thumb|right|Children in a Rwandan primary school, using laptops supplied by the [[One Laptop Per Child]] programme]] Pambere chaka cha 2012 chindafike, boma la Rwanda likapeleka masambiro ghaulere mu masukulu gha boma kwa vyaka 9.{{sfn|MINEDUC|2010|p=2}} Mu 2012, ŵakamba kusazgirako vyaka ivi kufika pa 12. Kafukufuku munyake uyo wakachitika mu 2015, wakulongora kuti nangauli sukulu za pulayimale zikunjilirapo chomene, kweni ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakumalizga yayi. Nangauli sukulu njambura kulipira, kweni ŵapapi ŵakwenera kupeleka ndalama zakovwilira ŵana ŵawo kuti ŵasambire makora. Kweni boma likati ndalama izi zikwenera yayi kuŵa chifukwa chakuti ŵana ŵaleke kusambira. Mu vyaru vinandi muli masukulu ghapadera, ghanyake ghakulongozgeka na tchalitchi, agho ghakusambizga vinthu vyakuyana waka kweni ghakulipira ndalama. Kwambira mu 1994 m'paka mu 2009, masambiro gha ku sekondare ghakaŵanga mu Cifurenci panji Cingelezi. Mu caru ici muli masukulu ghanandi gha masambiro ghapacanya. Mu chaka cha 2013, Yunivesite ya ku Rwanda (UR) yikapangika kufuma ku yunivesite ya ku Rwanda iyo yikaŵa ya boma.{{sfn|Koenig|2014}}{{sfn|MacGregor|2014}}{{sfn|Rutayisire|2013}}Mu 2013, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakalembeskanga masambiro ghapachanya ku Rwanda chikaŵa 7.9%, kufuma pa 3.6% mu 2006. Mu 2009, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya kuŵazga na kulemba awo ŵali na vyaka 15 panji kujumphirako chikaŵa 71%, kufuma pa 38 peresenti mu 1978 na 58 peresenti mu 1991.{{sfn|World Bank (I)}} === Umoyo === {{main|Healthcare in Rwanda|Health in Rwanda}} [[File:Butaro Hospital.jpg|thumb|left|[[Butaro Hospital]] at [[Burera]], Northern Province |alt=Photograph depicting a hospital building, with Rwandan flag, viewed from the entrance pathway]] Umoyo wa ŵanthu ku Rwanda ukaŵa wambura kupwelelera chomene pambere nkhondo ya 1994 yindayambe kweniso pamanyuma pake. Mu 1998, mwana yumoza pa ŵana ŵankhondi waliwose wakafwa pambere wandakwaniske vyaka vinkhondi.{{sfn|Bowdler|2010}} Pulezidenti Kagame wapanga umoyo kuŵa cimoza mwa vinthu vyakuzirwa mu ndondomeko ya chitukuko ya Vision 2020, kukwezga ndalama zakwendeskera umoyo kufika pa 6.5% ya GDP mu 2013, pakuyaniska na 1.9% mu 1996. Boma lili kupeleka ndalama zakovwilira ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu malo agha. Mabungwe agha ghakamba kugwiliskira nchito nthowa iyi mu 1999, ndipo pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 2000, ghakaŵa kuti ghasangika pa caru cose. Pakwamba, ndalama izo ŵakalipiranga zikaŵa madola ghaŵiri pa chaka. Kweni kufuma mu 2011, ndalama izi zikusintha, ndipo ŵakavu ŵakulipira yayi. Mu 2014, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakagwiranga ntchito iyi chikajumpha 90%. Boma la Rwanda lili kukhazikiskaso masukulu gha masambiro, kusazgapo sukulu ya vyaumoyo ya Kigali Health Institute (KHI). Mu 2005, Pulezidenti Kagame nayo wakambiska pulogiramu yakucemeka The Presidents' Malaria Initiative. Cigaŵa ici cikaŵa na cilato ca kupeleka vinthu vyakukhumbikwa comene kuti nthenda ya maleriya yileke kuwira mu vigaŵa vya ku mizi comene mu Rwanda. [[File:Life expectancy development in Rwanda.svg|thumb|Historical development of life expectancy in Rwanda]] Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, caru ca Rwanda caŵa na vinthu vinandi ivyo vikovwira kuti umoyo uŵe makora. Kufuma mu 2005 m'paka mu 2013, ŵanthu ŵakukhala vyaka vinandi, kufuma pa 55.2 kufika pa 64.0, ŵana ŵachoko chomene awo ŵakufwa ŵakukwana vyaka 5, kufuma pa 106.4 kufika pa 52.0 pa ŵanthu 1,000 awo ŵakubabika ŵamoyo. Ŵapharazgi ŵa pa caru cose na mawupu ghakovwira ŵanthu ŵakulongosora umo caru ici cikucitira pa nkhani ya cipwelelerero. Magazini ya The Atlantic yikalemba nkhani ya mutu wakuti, "Kuŵaso na Umoyo Uwemi ku Rwanda". Magazini yinyake yikulongosora umo umoyo wa ŵanthu wasinthira mu vyaka 50 ivyo vyajumpha. Ndipouli, nangauli vinthu vyasintha, kweni matenda ghakwambukira ndigho ghakulutilira kunanga umoyo wa ŵanthu mu caru ici. Wupu wa United States Agency for International Development, ukati pali "mavuto ghakuru" agho ghakukhwaska umoyo wa ŵanthu. Wupu wakuwona vya matenda ku America ukati awo ŵakuluta ku Rwanda ŵakwenera kumwa munkhwala uwo ungaŵawovwira kuti ŵaleke kulwara maleriya. Ku Rwanda nako kulije ŵadokotala, ndipo pali ŵadokotala, ŵasilikari, na ŵasungwana 0.84 pera pa ŵanthu 1,000. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) yikulaŵilira umo caru cikwendera pa nkhani ya vyaumoyo pakukwaniska vilato vya Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 na 6. Lipoti la UNDP la pakati pa chaka cha 2015 likati charu ichi chikukwaniska yayi chilato cha nambara 4 pa nkhani ya kufwa kwa ŵana ŵachoko, nangauli chiŵerengero ichi "chakhira chomene".{{sfn|UNDP (IV)|2015}} ===Chisopo=== {{main|Religion in Rwanda}} [[File:RwamaganaChurch.jpg|thumb|Roman Catholic church in [[Rwamagana]]|alt=Photograph depicting the Roman Catholic parish church in Rwamagana, Eastern Province, including the main entrance, façade, the separate bell tower, and dirt forecourt]] Chisopa chikuru chomene mu Rwanda ntcha Chiprotesitanti, kweni ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kugomezga chisopa cha Chikhristu, ndipo pachoko na pachoko, Chisilamu. Kuyana na kalembera wa mu 2012, Ŵakhristu ŵa Katolika ŵakaŵa 43.7%, Ŵaprotesitanti 37.7%, Ŵadventista 11.8%, na Ŵasilamu 2.0%. Visopa ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakulondezga ni vyaunenesko, nangauli ni vya 0.1% pera. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakuwona kuti Ciuta wa Cikristu wakuyana waka na Ciuta wa ku Rwanda, Imana.{{sfn|Wiredu|Abraham|Irele|Menkiti|2006|pp=236–237}} ===Viyowoyelo=== {{main|Languages of Rwanda}} Chiyowoyero chikuru mu charu ichi ni Chikinyarwanda, icho chikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu wose (98%). Viyowoyero vikuruvikuru vya ku Europe mu nyengo ya ŵakoloni vikaŵa Chijeremani, nangauli chikasambizgikanga yayi panji kugwiliskirika ntchito chomene, ndipo kufuma apo Chifurenchi, icho chikambiskika na Belgium mu 1916 ndipo chikalutilira kuŵa chiyowoyero cha boma na chakutemweka chomene mu 1962. Kweniso ŵanthu ŵakayowoyanga Chidachi. Kuwelera kwa ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Rwanda awo ŵakayowoyanga Chingelezi mu vyaka vya m'ma 1990 kukawovwira kuti chiyowoyero cha mu charu ichi chiŵe makora. Viyowoyero vya boma ni Kinyarwanda, Chingelezi, Chifurenchi, na Chiswahili. Chiyowoyero cha Kinyarwanda ndicho chikuyowoyeka pa charu chose, ndipo Chingelezi ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene pa masambiro gha sekondare na masambiro ghapachanya. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuyowoya CiSwahili, ciyowoyero ca ku East Africa, comenecomene awo ŵakawerako ku Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, na Democratic Republic of Congo. Mu 2015, chiyowoyero cha Chiswahili chikamba kusambizgika pa sukulu za sekondare. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala pa chirwa cha Nkombo ku Rwanda ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha Mashi, icho chikukolerana na chiyowoyero cha Kinyarwanda. Chifalansa chikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu ŵacoko waka kujumpha 6% kuyana na kalembera wa 2012 na Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. Mu 2009, ŵanthu 15% ŵakayowoyanga Cingelezi, nangauli lipoti lenelili likati ŵanthu 68% ŵakayowoyanga Cifurenci. Ŵanthu ŵacoko comene ndiwo ŵakuyowoya Ciswahili.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/RW/languages|title=''Ethnologue'' report for Rwanda}}</ref> === Wanangwa wa '''ŵa'''nthu === {{See also|Human rights in Rwanda|LGBT rights in Rwanda}} Homosexuality is generally considered a [[taboo]] topic, and there is no significant public discussion of this issue in any region of the country. Some lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) Rwandans have reported being harassed and blackmailed.{{sfn|Gmünder|2007|page=1216}}<ref name="Spartacus International Gay Guide 2007">Spartacus International Gay Guide, p. 1216. Bruno Gmunder Verlag, 2007.</ref><ref name="globalgayz">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalgayz.com/country/Rwanda/view/RWA/gay-rwanda-2008|title=Gay Rwanda 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717064516/http://www.globalgayz.com/africa/rwanda/gay-rwanda-2008|archive-date=2012-07-17|date=2009-01-01}}</ref>Ku Rwanda, kugonana kwa ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha nkhukanizgika yayi. Ŵalaraŵalara ŵanyake ŵa boma ŵakukhozgera wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu uwu, kweni palije malango ghakuŵavikilira. Boma likuzomerezga yayi nthengwa za ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha, cifukwa dango la boma likuti "nthengwa za ŵanalume na ŵanakazi pera ndizo zikuzomerezgeka". Kwambira mu 2006, wupu wa Human Rights Watch walemba kuti boma la Rwanda likukora na kukaka ŵana ŵa mu misewu, ŵamalonda ŵa mu misewu, awo ŵakugwira ntchito za kugonana, ŵanthu ŵambura pakukhala, na ŵakupempheska, kweniso ŵakusuzga ŵanthu mu nyumba zakubisamamo na malo ghanyake nga ni msasa wa ŵasilikari wa Kami, Kwa Gacinya na jele la Gikondo.<ref name="hrw">{{Cite journal |date=2020-01-27 |title="As Long as We Live on the Streets, They Will Beat Us": Rwanda's Abusive Detention of Children |journal=Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/01/27/long-we-live-streets-they-will-beat-us/rwandas-abusive-detention-children |access-date=2022-10-10 |language=en}}</ref> == Mwambo == {{Main|Culture of Rwanda}} [[File:Rwanda IntoreDancers.jpg|thumb|left|Traditional Rwandan ''[[intore]]'' dancers|alt=Photograph depicting two male dancers with straw wigs, neck garments, spears and sticks]] Sumu na kuvina ni vyakuzirwa pa viphikiro, viphikiro, maungano, na vyakusanguluska vya ku Rwanda. Sumu iyi yikumanyikwa comene ndipo yili na vigaŵa vitatu: umushagiriro, panji sumu ya ng'ombe, iyo yikucitika na ŵanakazi; intore, panji sumu ya vinkhara, iyo yikucitika na ŵanalume; na kuvina kwa matambulara, uko kanandi kukucitikaso na ŵanalume. Gulu lakumanyikwa comene la kuvina ni la National Ballet. Gulu ili likakhazikiskika na Pulezidenti Habyarimana mu 1974, ndipo likucita maseŵero mu vyaru na vyaru vinyake. Sumu zikupharazgika na mulomo, ndipo mitundu yake yikupambana. Viŵiya vyakuchemeka drums vikaŵa vyakuzirwa comene; ŵanthu awo ŵakimbanga viŵiya vyacifumu ŵakaŵa na udindo ukuru mu nyumba ya themba (Mwami). Ŵanthu awo ŵakulizga viŵiya ŵakwimba pamoza mu magulu ghakupambanapambana, ndipo kanandi ŵakuŵa pakati pa 7 na 9. Mu caru ici muli sumu zinandi izo zikufuma ku vyaru vya ku Africa, Congo, na America. Mtundu wakumanyikwa comene ni wa hip hop, uwo ukusanganya dancehall, rap, ragga, R&B na dance-pop.{{sfn|Mbabazi|2008}} [[File:Igiseke.jpg|thumb|upright|Rwandan woven [[agaseke]] basket|alt=Photograph depicting a bowl shaped off-white woven basket with tall conical lid and black zigzag pattern]] Vinthu vya maluso na vyakuchita vya mawoko vikuchitika mu charu chose, nangauli vinandi vikapangika kuti viwovwire ŵanthu. Vinthu vinyake ivyo vikusangika chomene ni viŵiya na mabakule. Imigongo ni luso lapadera la viŵeto vya ng'ombe, ilo likupangika kumwera kwa kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Rwanda. Viŵeto ivi ŵakuvisakaniza na dongo la mitundu yakupambanapambana na kupenta mu vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita ni vyakupangira viŵiya na kujoba makuni. Nyumba izo ŵanthu ŵakukhala ŵakugwiliskira ntchito vinthu ivyo vikuŵa mu malo agha. Boma likamba ndondomeko ya kusintha vinthu ivi na vinthu vinyake vya mazuŵa ghano, nga ni visulo vyamalibwe. Mu charu cha Rwanda mulije mabuku ghakale chomene, kweni ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kulemba na kuyowoya. Vinthu vinandi vya mu caru ici ivyo vikukolerana na makhaliro gha ŵanthu na mbiri yawo, vyalembeka mu miwiro yose. Munthu wakumanyikwa chomene mu mabuku gha ku Rwanda wakaŵa Alexis Kagame (1912-1981), uyo wakalemba na kusindikizga mabuku ghakulongosora maluso gha ŵanthu. Nkhondo ya ku Rwanda yikapangiska kuti paŵe mabuku gha ŵanthu awo ŵakawona ivyo vikachitika, mabuku gha ŵanthu awo ŵakalemba nga ni Benjamin Sehene. Mavidiyo ghanandi ghakulongosora vya kukomeka kwa ŵanthu ku Rwanda ghapangika, nga ni Hotel Rwanda, 100 Days, Shake Hands with the Devil, Sometimes in April, na Shooting Dogs. Pa chaka pali maholide ghakukwana 14, ndipo nyengo zinyake boma likusazgirako ghanyake. Sabata yakulondezgapo pa Zuŵa la Kukumbukirako Ŵanandi pa Epulero 7 yikucemeka sabata ya citima. Nkhondo iyo RPF yikathereska Ŵahutu yikukondwelereka pa Julayi 4. Pa Chisulo chaumaliro cha mwezi uliwose pakuŵa umuganda, zuŵa lakwamba la mulimo wakovwira ŵanthu, kufuma pa 8 m'paka 11 koloko mulenji. Pa zuŵa ili, ŵanthu wose ŵakwenelera ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 18 na 65 ŵakuchita milimo ya mu msumba nga nkhujura misewu panji kuzenga nyumba za ŵanthu ŵakusuzgika. Maulendo ghanandi ghakujalika pa nyengo ya umuganda, ndipo magalimoto ghakwendera waka yayi.{{sfn|Rwanda Governance Board}} === Cuisine === {{Main|Cuisine of Rwanda}} [[File:Ugali and cabbage.jpg|right|thumb|A plate of ''[[ugali]]'' and [[cabbage]]]] Vyakurya vya ku Rwanda vikufuma ku vyakurya ivyo ŵanthu ŵakulima mu charu ichi, nga ni nthochi, mapamba (ghakumanyikwa na zina lakuti ibitoke), mphangwe, mbatata, nyungu, na manioc. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Rwanda ŵakurya nyama kamoza pera pa mwezi. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala kufupi na nyanja ŵakutemwa chomene somba za tilapia. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa chomene batata, awo ŵakaghanaghananga kuti ŵakiza nawo ku Rwanda kufuma ku Germany na Belgium. Ugali, uyo wakumanyikwa na zina lakuti Ubugari (panji umutsima) ngwakumanyikwa chomene. Isombe yikupangika na makuni gha cassava ndipo yingapelekeka pamoza na somba zakomira, mpunga, ugali, mbatata na vinyake. Pa nyengo ya cakurya ca mise kanandi ŵanthu ŵakurya vyakurya vyakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa kurya nyama za mbuzi para ŵakurya mise. Mu vigaŵa vya ku mizi, ŵanthu ŵakuguliska mbuzi, kuziphaka na kuziphika, kweniso kuziphika na mabhanana. Mu charu chose ichi, ŵanthu ŵakumwa chomene mkaka, chomenechomene uyo uli nga ni yoghurt. Vyakumwa vinyake ni mowa wakuchemeka Ikigage uwo ukupangika kufuma ku sorgo na urwagwa, uwo ukupangika kufuma ku nthochi, na chakumwa chakuchemeka Umutobe icho ni muto wa nthochi. Vyakumwa ivi vikumanyikwa chomene pa viphikiro na viphikiro. Kampani yikuru iyo yikupanga vyakumwa mu Rwanda ni Bralirwa, iyo yikakhazikiskika mu ma 1950, ndipo yikugwira nchito na Heineken. Bralirwa yikupanga vyakurya vya The Coca-Cola Company, nga ni Coca-Cola, Fanta, na Sprite, na vyakurya vinandi nga ni Primus, Mützig, Amstel, na Turbo King. Mu 2009, ofesi yiphya yakuzenga moŵa yakuchemeka Brasseries des Mille Collines (BMC) yikajulika. Mu caru ici, muli vyakupangira moŵa vyakucemeka East African Breweries, ivyo vikuguliska moŵa nga ni Guinness, Tusker, na Bell, kweniso whisky na moŵa.{{sfn|Kezio-Musoke|2014}} === Sport === {{Main|Sport in Rwanda}} [[File:MTB cycling 2012 Olympics M cross-country RWA Adrien Niyonshuti.jpg|thumb|left|[[Adrien Niyonshuti]], "one of the most famous people in Rwanda",{{sfn|CyclingNews.com|2012}} competing in the [[cross-country mountain biking]] event at the 2012 Summer Olympics]] Boma la Rwanda, kwizira mu ndondomeko yake ya chitukuko cha maseŵero, likukwezga maseŵero nga ni nthowa yakukhora ya "kutukula na kuzenga mtende", ndipo boma lacita phangano la kukhozga kugwiliskira nchito maseŵero pa vilato vyakupambanapambana vya chitukuko, kusazgapo masambiro. Maseŵero agho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa ku Rwanda ni bola, bola ya volleyball, basketball, maseŵero gha ku malo ghakupambanapambana na maseŵero gha ku malo ghakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa comene maseŵero agha cifukwa ca ŵanthu awo ŵakawerako ku Kenya uko ŵakasambira maseŵero agha. Njinga, iyo kanandi yikuwoneka nga ni nthowa yakwendeskera vinthu mu Rwanda, yikukweleraso ku ŵanthu ŵanandi nga ni maseŵero; ndipo timu ya Rwanda yili kulembeka buku lakuti, Land of Second Chances: The Impossible Rise of Rwanda's Cycling Team na filimu yakuti, Rising from Ashes.{{sfn|Robbins|2013}}{{sfn|Willgoss|2014}} [[File:GCS Drone Shot-YT.jpg|thumb|The Gahanga Cricket Stadium]] Ŵanthu ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakuchitako maseŵero gha Olimpiki kwambira mu 1984, ndipo ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakuchitako maseŵero gha Paralympic kwambira mu 2004. Charu ichi chikatumizga ŵanthu 7 ku maseŵera gha ku London mu 2012, ndipo ŵakamwimira pa maseŵera gha ku London, kusambira, kukwera njinga ya mu mapiri na judo. Charu ichi chikusangikaso pa maseŵero gha Commonwealth Games kufuma apo chikaŵamo mu 2009. Gulu la basketball la dziko lino lakhala likukula kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, ndipo timu ya amuna yakhala ikuyenerera gawo lomaliza la African Basketball Championship kanayi motsatizana kuyambira 2007. Charu ichi chikaŵa na mwaŵi yayi wa kuchitiska maseŵera agha. Chikwata cha mpira cha Rwanda chawonekera pa African Cup of Nations kamodzi, mu 2004 mtundu wa mpikisano, koma mwapang'onopang'ono chinalephera kupitirira gawo la magulu. Gulu ili likutondeka kujowina pa chiphalizgano ichi kufuma apo, ndipo likutondeka kujowina pa World Cup. Mpikisano wapamwamba kwambiri wa mpira ku Rwanda ndi Rwanda National Football League; kuyambira 2015, timu yolamulira ndi APR FC ya Kigali, yomwe yapambana 13 mwa mipikisano 17 yapitayi. Magulu gha ku Rwanda ghakulondezga chiphalizgano cha Kagame Interclub Cup cha magulu gha ku Central na East Africa, icho chikulembeka kufuma mu 2002 na Pulezidenti Kagame.{{sfn|CECAFA}} == Unenesko == {{Portal|Africa}} * [[Index of Rwanda-related articles]] * [[Outline of Rwanda]]{{clear}} == Ukaboni wakuyowoyeka == {{reflist|20em}} == Ukaboni unandi == {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last=Adekunle |first=Julius |year=2007 |title=Culture and customs of Rwanda |location=Westport, Conn. |publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |isbn=978-0-313-33177-0 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=g0FC40EQujwC}} }} * {{cite web |author=African Development Bank (AfDB) |date=26 August 2011 |title=Boosting Rwanda's Energy Sector: AfDB, other Lenders Commit USD 91.25 million to Kivuwatt Project |author-link=African Development Bank |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |access-date=10 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|AfDB|2011}} |archive-date=5 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105120930/http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |author1=African Development Bank (AfDB) |author2=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Centre |year=2006 |title=African Economic Outlook |edition=5 |location=Paris |publisher=OECD Publishing |isbn=978-92-64-02243-0 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=fpEFOR6WmfYC}}| ref = {{sfnRef|AfDB|OECD Development Centre|2006}} }} * {{cite news |author=Agence Africaine de Presse |date=24 July 2015 |title=Rwanda, DR Congo open trade talks |location=Dakar |url=http://www.apanews.net/abonnes/connection.php?id=829578&lg=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003092331/http://apanews.net/abonnes/connection.php?id=829578&lg=fr |archive-date=3 October 2015 |access-date=30 October 2015 |url-status=dead }} * {{cite news |author=Agence France-Presse |date=16 August 2002 |title=Ethnic origins ignored in Rwanda's first census since genocide |author-link=Agence France-Presse |location=Paris |url=http://reliefweb.int/report/rwanda/ethnic-origins-ignored-rwandas-first-census-genocide |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=3 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203195050/http://reliefweb.int/report/rwanda/ethnic-origins-ignored-rwandas-first-census-genocide |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Aglietti |first=Stephanie |date=11 September 2014 |title=Rwanda cricket, growing a game of hope |agency=Agence France-Presse |location=Paris |work=[[Yahoo Sports]] |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/news/rwanda-cricket-growing-game-hope-064714133--spt.html |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=17 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017171700/https://sports.yahoo.com/news/rwanda-cricket-growing-game-hope-064714133--spt.html |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Agutamba |first=Kenneth |date=9 August 2015 |title=BNR 'defeats' speculators but exchange rate woes continue |work=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]] |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2015-08-09/191405/ |access-date=31 August 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053526/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2015-08-09/191405/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Agutamba |first=Kenneth |date=4 December 2014 |title=Rwanda graft index falters but ranking unaffected |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-12-04/183704/ |access-date=30 August 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010195947/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-12-04/183704/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=Al Jazeera |date=20 September 2007 |title=Rwanda blames DR Congo for violence |author-link=Al Jazeera |location=Doha |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=13 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513110341/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=Amnesty International |year=2015 |title=Amnesty International Report 2014/15: The State of the World's Human Rights |author-link=Amnesty International |url=https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL1000012015ENGLISH.PDF |access-date=3 August 2015 |archive-date=14 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314213122/https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL1000012015ENGLISH.PDF |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Anyango |first=Gloria I. |date=4 February 2010 |title=The Barbecue Chef who masters his roast |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2010-02-04/93743/ |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010200023/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2010-02-04/93743/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |last1=Appiah |first1=Anthony |last2=Gates |first2=Henry Louis |year=2010 |title=Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 1 |edition=illustrated |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=A0XNvklcqbwC }} |isbn=978-0-19-533770-9 }} * {{cite news |last=Asiimwe |first=Bosco R |date=28 September 2011 |title=Gov't to sanction officials who failed to declare wealth |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2011-09-27/35369/ |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010200053/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2011-09-27/35369/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |last=Asiimwe |first=Dicta |date=20 December 2014 |title=Uganda races to meet Monetary Union date |work=[[The EastAfrican]] |location=Nairobi |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Uganda-races-to-meet-Monetary-Union-date/-/2558/2563504/-/13p67lh/-/index.html |access-date=31 August 2015 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208071646/http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Uganda-races-to-meet-Monetary-Union-date/-/2558/2563504/-/13p67lh/-/index.html |url-status=dead }} * {{cite book |last=Auzias |first=Dominique |year=2007 |title=Rwanda |location=Paris |publisher=Petit Futé |language=fr |isbn=978-2-7469-2037-8 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=TyMs5XGSIzQC}}}} * {{cite news |last=Banda |first=Honoré |date=12 February 2015 |title=Rwanda's job crunch |publisher=[[The Africa Report]] |location=Paris |url=http://www.theafricareport.com/East-Horn-Africa/rwandas-job-crunch.html |access-date=7 September 2015 |archive-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119105348/http://www.theafricareport.com/East-Horn-Africa/rwandas-job-crunch.html |url-status=live }} *{{cite web|url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/02/27/090224b082b6d3c9/2_0/Rendered/PDF/Scaling0up0acc000the0case0of0Rwanda.pdf|title=Scaling Up Access to Electricity: The Case of Rwanda|publisher=World Bank Group|first1=Paul|last1=Baringanire|first2=Kabir|last2=Malik|first3=Sudeshna Ghosh|last3=Banerjee|year=2014|access-date=10 October 2015|archive-date=21 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321201003/http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/02/27/090224b082b6d3c9/2_0/Rendered/PDF/Scaling0up0acc000the0case0of0Rwanda.pdf|url-status=live}} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (I) |date=3 January 2006 |title=Rwanda redrawn to reflect compass |author-link=BBC News |location=London |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4577790.stm |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601115308/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4577790.stm |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (II) |date=31 March 2006 |title=Team reaches Nile's 'true source' |location=London |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/4864782.stm |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601132100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/4864782.stm |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (III) |date=12 January 2010 |title=Hutus 'killed Rwanda President Juvenal Habyarimana' |location=London |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8453832.stm |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601115647/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8453832.stm |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (IV) |date=11 August 2010 |title=Rwanda President Kagame wins election with 93% of vote |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-10935892 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=18 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018135933/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-10935892 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (V) |date=27 August 2010 |title=Q&A: DR Congo conflict |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11108589 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=18 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318190958/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11108589 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (VI) |date=3 November 2011 |title=Rwanda gives DR Congo back tonnes of smuggled minerals |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15570648 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223050527/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15570648 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (VII) |date=23 June 2015 |title=Rwanda profile – Media |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093244 |access-date=1 October 2015 |archive-date=7 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507041838/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093244 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (VIII) |date=4 June 2015 |title=Rwanda country profile – Overview |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093238 |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223051623/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093238 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (IX) |date=18 June 2012 |title=Rwanda 'gacaca' genocide courts finish work |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18490348 |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=8 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308072112/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18490348 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (X) |date=20 November 2012 |title=Goma: M23 rebels capture DR Congo city |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739 |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=21 November 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6CKPvBOsr?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC News (XI) |date=24 December 2014 |title=Why cricket is gaining in popularity in Rwanda |location=London |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20798480 |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=30 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330191800/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20798480 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC Sport (I) |author-link=BBC Sport |date=13 August 2012 |title=Rwanda |publisher=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/2012/countries/rwanda |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=30 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730052803/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/2012/countries/rwanda |url-status=live }} * {{cite news |author=BBC Sport (II) |author-link=BBC Sport |date=27 September 2010 |title=Commonwealth Games 2010: Participating nations in Africa |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/commonwealth_games/delhi_2010/9037806.stm |publisher=BBC Sport |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=17 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217162200/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/commonwealth_games/delhi_2010/9037806.stm |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |last1=Berry|first1=Philip |last2=Lewis |first2=Janice |last3=Williams |first3=Cara |editor-last=Turner |editor-first=B.L. |year=1990 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total (years), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408225203/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (VIII) |title=Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408181803/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (IX) |title=Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.TBS.INCD/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=9 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409005437/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.TBS.INCD/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (X) |title=GDP (current US$), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=28 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160628122353/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (XI) |title=International tourism, number of arrivals, graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408171020/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (XII) |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=RW |access-date=12 May 2019 |archive-date=12 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512101547/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI%3Flocations%3DRW |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Bank (XIII) |title=Access to electricity (% of population) |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408203836/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |author=World Health Organization (WHO) |year=2015 |title=WHO Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Rwanda |author-link=World Health Organization |url=https://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_rwa_en.pdf |ref={{sfnRef|WHO|2015}} |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130755/http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_rwa_en.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite journal |author=World Health Organization (WHO) |year=2008 |title=Sharing the burden of sickness: mutual health insurance in Rwanda |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |issn=0042-9686 |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=817–908 |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |ref={{sfnRef|WHO|2008}} |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=25 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025225716/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |author = World Meteorological Organization |title = World Weather Information Service – Kigali |author-link = World Meteorological Organization |url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/127/c00254.htm |access-date = 12 November 2015 |archive-date = 20 January 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210120002348/http://worldweather.wmo.int/127/c00254.htm |url-status = live }} * {{cite web |author=World Resources Institute (WRI) |year=2006 |title=Agriculture and Food: Country profile&nbsp;– Rwanda |work=EarthTrends: The Environmental Information Portal |author-link=World Resources Institute |url=http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/agriculture-food/country-profile-153.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402134313/http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/agriculture-food/country-profile-153.html |archive-date=2 April 2012 |access-date=16 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|WRI|2006}} }} * {{cite web |author=World Resources Report |year=2011 |title=Maintenance of Hydropower Potential in Rwanda Through Ecosystem Restoration |url=http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324153346/http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2012 |access-date=16 November 2015 }} * {{cite web |author=World Trade Organization (WTO) |date=30 September 2004 |title=Continued reforms and technical assistance should help Rwanda in its efforts to achieve a dynamic economy |work=Trade policy review: Rwanda |author-link=World Trade Organization |url=http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp236_e.htm |access-date=16 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|WTO|2004}} |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002011128/http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp236_e.htm |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |author=World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) |year=2001 |title=Terrestrial Ecoregions: Albertine Rift montane forests (AT0101) |author-link=World Wide Fund for Nature |url=https://secure.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at0101_full.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041222014550/https://secure.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at0101_full.html |archive-date=22 December 2004 |access-date=16 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|WWF|2001}} }} * {{cite news |author=Xinhua News Agency |date=26 August 2015 |title=Rwanda deplores French decision on case of genocide suspect |author-link=Xinhua News Agency |location=Beijing |url=http://www.globalpost.com/article/6636570/2015/08/26/rwanda-deplores-french-decision-case-genocide-suspect |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=2 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302133257/http://www.globalpost.com/article/6636570/2015/08/26/rwanda-deplores-french-decision-case-genocide-suspect |url-status=live }} {{refend}} == Vigaŵa vya kuwalo == <!-- ==============================({{NoMoreLinks}})============================== --> <!-- DO NOT ADD MORE LINKS TO 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WIKIPEDIA IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS --> <!-- If you think that your link might be useful, instead of placing it here, put --> <!-- it on this article's discussion page first. Links that have not been verified --> <!-- WILL BE DELETED --> <!-- ============================================================================= --> {{sister project links|Rwanda|voy=Rwanda}} '''Government''': * [http://www.gov.rw/ The Republic of Rwanda] (official government site) '''General''': * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210109091722/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/rwanda Rwanda]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093238 Rwanda profile] from the [[BBC News]] * {{cite web|title=Rwanda Convention Bureau|url=https://www.micemag.com/rwanda-convention-bureau/}} * {{GovPubs|Rwanda}} * {{Curlie|Regional/Africa/Rwanda}} * {{Osmrelation-inline|171496}} '''Tourism''': * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250803051901/https://visitrwanda.com/ Rwanda Tourism] (official Rwanda Tourism Board site) {{Rwanda topics}} {{Navboxes |title = Related articles |list = {{Countries of Africa}} {{Former German colonies}} {{African Union}} {{La Francophonie}} {{Commonwealth of Nations}} }} {{Authority control}} {{coord|1|57|S|29|52|E|type:country_region:RW|display=title}} [[Category:Rwanda| ]] [[Category:1962 establishments in Africa]] [[Category:Central African countries]] [[Category:Countries in Africa]] [[Category:East African countries]] [[Category:Countries and territories where English is an official language]] [[Category:French-speaking countries and territories]] [[Category:Landlocked countries]] [[Category:Least developed countries]] [[Category:Member states of the African Union]] [[Category:Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]] [[Category:Member states of the United Nations]] [[Category:Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1962]] [[Category:Swahili-speaking countries and territories]] 6us4vkc1uuvnfopf2mpuw04rdjg1hsg 0 7251 121662 119269 2026-09-05T07:08:42Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{featured article}} {{short description|President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)}} {{redirect2|DJT|Trump|other uses|Donald Trump (disambiguation)|and|DJT (disambiguation)|and|Trump (disambiguation)}} {{pp-extended|small=yes}} {{pp-move}} {{use American English|date=November 2020}} {{use mdy dates|date=June 2026}} {{bots|deny=InternetArchiveBot}}<!-- Per [[Talk:Donald Trump#C25|consensus 25]]. --> {{stack begin}}<!-- DO NOT REMOVE. Required for correct vertical alignment of image at "Early life and education" in some user configurations. --> {{infobox officeholder | image = Official Presidential Portrait of President Donald J. Trump (2025) (cropped)(2).jpg | caption = [[Chithuzithuzi cha boma cha Donald Trump#Chithuzithuzi cha boma cha pulezidenti cha 2025|Chithuzithuzi cha boma, 2025]] | alt = Head-and-shoulders shot of Trump with a serious facial expression, his right eye partly closed. He is wearing a dark blue suit, a pale blue dress shirt, a red necktie, and an American flag lapel pin. Parts of the image are slightly out of focus. The background is black. | order = 45th & 47th<!-- DO NOT ADD A LINK. Please discuss any proposal on the talk page first. Most recent discussion at [[Talk:Donald Trump/Archive 65#Link-ifying "45th" in the Infobox?]] had a weak consensus to keep the status-quo (no link). --> | office = President of the United States | vice_president = [[JD Vance]] | term_start = January 20, 2025 | predecessor = [[Joe Biden]] | vice_president1 = [[Mike Pence]] | term_start1 = January 20, 2017 | term_end1 = January 20, 2021 | predecessor1 = [[Barack Obama]] | successor1 = Joe Biden | birth_name = Donald John Trump | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|6|14}} | birth_place = [[Queens]], New York City, U.S.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE (or add to) this location without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C2|consensus 2]]. --> | party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1969&ndash;1978, 1987&ndash;1999, 2009&ndash;2011,<br>2012&ndash;present) | other_party = {{unbulleted list | [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform]] (1999&ndash;2001) | [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (2001&ndash;2009) | [[Independent politician|Independent]] (2011&ndash;2012) }} <!-- DO NOT PIPE any of the following three links, per [[MOS:NOPIPE]]. -->| spouse = {{unbulleted list | {{marriage|[[Ivana Zelníčková]]|April 9, 1977|December 11, 1990|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Marla Maples]]|December 20, 1993|June 8, 1999|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Melania Knauss]]|January 22, 2005}} }} | children = {{hlist | [[Donald Jr.]] | [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] | [[Eric Trump|Eric]] | [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] | [[Barron Trump|Barron]] }} | parents = {{unbulleted list | [[Fred Trump]] | [[Mary Anne MacLeod]] }} | relatives = [[Trump family]] | education = [[University of Pennsylvania]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]]) | occupation = {{hlist | [[Political career of Donald Trump|Politician]] | [[Business career of Donald Trump|businessman]] | [[Media career of Donald Trump|media personality]] }} | signature = Trumpsignature2025.svg | signature_alt = Donald J. Trump stylized autograph, in ink | website = {{unbulleted list | {{URL|whitehouse.gov|White House website}} | {{URL|trumplibrary.gov|Presidential library}} | {{URL|trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov|White House archives (2017&ndash;2021)}} }} | module = {{listen voice | name = Trump <!-- [[MOS:SURNAME]] --> | filename = President Trump on the WHO's Declaration of COVID-19 as a Global Pandemic.wav | description = Trump pa ivyo [[World Health Organization]] yikapharazga kuti [[COVID-19]] ni nthenda iyo yapararira pa charu chose. | recorded = March 11, 2020 }} }} {{Donald Trump series}} {{stack end}}<!-- NOTE: Changes to the lead are regularly discussed on the talk page. DO NOT EDIT WAR. If you make a change that is reverted, please open a discussion or contribute to an existing one, per [[WP:BRD]]. Consensus items marked "DO NOT CHANGE" require prior discussion. If you add or remove a sentence with a section link, please also add or remove the hidden reminder following the section heading. --> '''Donald John Trump''' (wakababika pa June 14, 1946) ni munthu wa ndyali wa ku America, wakulemba nkhani, na wamalonda uyo ni pulezidenti wa 47 wa ku [[United States]]. Ni membala wa chipani cha Republican, iye wakawa pulezidenti wa 45 kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2021. Wakababikira mu mbumba ya musambazi ku New York, ndipo wakafuma ku Yunivesite ya [[Pennsylvania]] mu 1968 na digiri ya bachelor's degree mu economics. Mu 1971, wakazgoka pulezidenti wa kampani ya mbumba yake ya real estate, ndipo wakayithya zina lakuti Trump Organization, ndipo wakamba kuzenga nyumba zikuruzikuru, mahotelo, na malo ghakuwoneskerako gofu. Wakambiska mabizinesi ghanyake, ndipo ghanandi ghakaŵa na zina la Trump, ndipo mu vyaka vya m'ma 1990 na 2000, mabungwe agha ghakachita ukaboni wakuti ghakaŵa ghambura ndalama zinandi. Kufuma mu 2004 kufika mu 2015, wakapangiska pulogiramu ya pa TV ya The Apprentice, iyo yikamovwira kuti waŵe munthu musambazi. Trump wakajiwona kuti ni munthu wambura kuzomerezgeka pa nkhani ya ndyali, ndipo mu 2016 wakatonda Hillary Clinton, uyo wakaŵa musankhika wa chipani cha Democratic Party. Apo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba, Trump wakakanizga vyaru 7 ivyo vikaŵa na Ŵasilamu kuti ŵaleke kuluta ku caru cinyake, wakasazgirako mpanda wa pakati pa caru ca [[Mexico]] na United States, ndipo wakapangiska kuti mbumba zose zifwatukenge. Wakasintha malango ghakukhwaskana na malo na bizinesi, wakasazgirako msonkho, na kusora ŵeruzgi ŵatatu ŵa Khoti Likuru Chomene. Wakawuskapo U.S. mu mapangano ghakukhwaskana na mlengalenga na malonda ndipo wakambiska nkhondo ya malonda na China. Pakuzgorapo pa nthenda ya COVID-19 mu 2020, iyo wakachepeska ukali wake, wakususkana na ŵalaraŵalara ŵa vyaumoyo, na kusayinira dango la CARES Act. Wati watondeka pa visankho vya 2020 ku Joe Biden, Trump wakakana kuzomera kuti watondeka ndipo wakayezga kusintha ivyo vikachitika, ivyo vikapangiska kuti pa 6 Janyuwale, 2021 pa Capitol pachitike chindindindi. Wakapika mulandu kaŵiri, mu 2019 chifukwa cha kugwiliskira nchito mazaza mwambura kwenelera na kukanizga maungano gha boma, ndipo mu 2021 chifukwa cha kukhuŵilizga ŵanthu kuti ŵawukire boma. Mu 2023, Trump ŵakamusanga na mulandu wa kugonana na kusuzga ŵanthu, kweniso wa kuguliska malonda. Mu Meyi 2024, khoti la boma la New York likamusanga na mulandu pa nkhani 34 zakupusikizgira vinthu vya malonda, ndipo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa U.S. kukakika na mulandu. Wati wawina chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2024 kwa wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti Kamala Harris, wakapika chilango cha umoyo wose, ndipo milandu yiŵiri yakukhwaskana na kusunga malemba ghakale na kutondeska chisankho cha 2020 yikamara kwambura mulandu. Trump wakamba kuwusa kwaciŵiri mwa kulekeska nchito ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu boma. Wakapeleka msonkho ku vyaru vinandi uwo ukaŵa ukuru comene kwambira pa nyengo ya suzgo yikuru ya vyachuma, ndipo wakasazgapo dango la One Big Beautiful Bill Act. Ivyo boma lake likucita - kusazgapo kusuzga ŵanthu awo ŵakususkana nawo pa ndyali na ŵanthu ŵanyake, kukanizga wanangwa wa ŵanthu awo ŵakugonana na ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵanyawo, kuchimbizga ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵalije vikalata, na kugwiliskira nchito malango gha boma - vyapangiska kuti paŵe milandu yakujumpha 550. Ku Latin America, wakaluta ku ŵanthu awo ŵakaguliskanga minkhwala yakutimbanizga wongo, ndipo wakalangura ŵasilikari kuti ŵanjire mu caru ca [[Venezuela]] na kukora pulezidenti wa caru ici. Ku Middle East, wakazomerezga kuti boma la U.S. na la Israel liwukire Iran, ndipo ivi vikambiska nkhondo ya ku Iran mu 2026. Kuyambira mu 2015, ndondomeko ya Trump ndi ndondomeko yake ya ndale - yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Trumpism - yasintha chizindikiro cha Republican Party. Ŵanyake ŵakuti ivyo wakayowoya na kucita ni vyautesi. Wakayowoya vinthu vinandi vyautesi panji vyaupusikizgi pa nyengo ya kampeni yake na apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, vinthu ivyo vikaŵa kuti vindachitikepo mu ndyali za ku America. Ŵasayansi ŵakuti ivyo Trump wakucita ni vyaulamuliro ndipo vikupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kulondezga ndyali. Ŵasayansi na ŵalembi ŵa mdauko ŵakamulemba kuti wakaŵa yumoza wa mafumu ghaheni comene mu mdauko wa caru ca America.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C54|consensus 54]]. --> == Umoyo na masambiro == {{main|Early life and education of Donald Trump}} [[File:Donald Trump NYMA.jpg|upright=0.65|thumb|left|1964 yearbook photo|alt=A black-and-white photograph of Trump as a teenager, smiling, wearing a dark pseudo-military uniform with three ribbons and a white shoulder strap]]<!-- DO NOT MOVE this image to the right. Left alignment is required for correct vertical alignment in some user configurations. --> Donald John Trump wakababika pa June 14, 1946, ku Jamaica Hospital mu New York City borough of Queens, mwana wachinayi wa Fred Trump na Mary Anne MacLeod Trump.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=30, 37}} Iyo ni wa ku Germany na Scotland. Wakakulira mu nyumba ya vipinda 23 mu muzi wa Jamaica Estates ku Queens. Fred wakalipiranga ŵana ŵake waliyose $20,000 pa cilimika, ico cikayananga na $265,000 pa cilimika mu 2024. Apo wakaŵa na vilimika vinkhondi na vitatu, Trump wakaŵa musambazi comene.{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|pp=30–31}} Trump wakasambiranga pa sukulu ya Kew-Forest m'paka apo wakaŵa mu kilasi la 7. Ŵapapi ŵake ŵakamulembeska ku sukulu ya New York Military Academy, iyo yikaŵa sukulu ya pabweka. Sukulu iyi yikasambizganga ŵana kuti ŵasambirenge maseŵero na kuŵa na mtima wa kuwina. Trump wakaghanaghana vya kuluta ku sukulu ya kusambizga kuvina ku California, kweni kuti waŵe pafupi na kukwake, wakalembeska ku Yunivesite ya Fordham mu 1964. Mu chaka chakwamba, wakaluta ku sukulu ya ŵasilikari ya Reserve Officers' Training Corps, ndipo pa Chitatu chilichose wakavwaranga yunifomu ya usilikari. Kweni mu chaka chachiŵiri wakaleka. Mu chaka chakwamba, wakasamukira ku sukulu ya Wharton ya pa yunivesite ya Pennsylvania, ndipo kanandi wakendanga ku ofesi ya adada ŵake pa sabata. Mu Meyi 1968, wakasambira vya chuma. Mwakupambana na ivyo wakayowoya kuti wakaŵa waciŵiri mu kilasi lake, Wharton wakalemba yayi zina lake mu mabuku gha sukulu na mu mpukutu wake.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=47}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Selk |first=Avi |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 20, 2018 |title=It's the 50th anniversary of the day Trump left college and nearly had to go to war |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/05/20/its-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-day-trump-left-college-and-nearly-had-to-go-to-war/}}</ref> Apo wakaluta ku Wharton, wakaghanaghananga vya ntchito ya malonda. 13] Wakalekerathu kunjira usilikari pa nyengo ya nkhondo ya ku Vietnam chifukwa cha viwangwa ivyo vikaŵa mu makongono ghake.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=48}} == Ntchito ya bizinesi == {{main|Business career of Donald Trump}} {{further|Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia|Tax returns of Donald Trump|The Trump Organization}} ===Real estate=== {{see also|The Trump Organization#Real estate}} Kwambira mu 1968, Trump wakagwiranga nchito ku Trump Management, kampani ya adada ŵake ya real estate, iyo yikagwiranga nchito ya kupanga nyumba izo Fred wakazenga ku Queens, Staten Island, na Brooklyn. Mulimo wake ukuru ukaŵa wa kupoka ndalama za renti na kunozga nyumba kwa vilimika pafupifupi vinkhondi. Trump wakapempha adada ŵake kuti ŵalute ku Manhattan, uko vinthu vikaŵa vyakudura, kweni adada ŵake ŵakakhorwa na malo ghakutali. Mu 1971, wakasamukira ku Manhattan, uko wakanozga vyakuti wasamire ku ofesi ya adada ŵake. Chaka chenechichi, adada ŵake ŵakajizgora kuŵa mulara wa gulu ili, ndipo Trump wakazgoka pulezidenti. Trump wakamba kugwiliskira nchito gulu la Trump Organization nga ni nkhokwe ya mazina gha mabungwe gha adada ŵake.{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=250}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2005a|p=51}}{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=76}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2005a|p=51}}{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=52–53}}{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=50–51}}{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=75}} Roy Cohn, uyo wakaŵa munthu wakuzirwa chomene kwa Trump kufuma apo adada ŵake ŵakafwira, ndiyo wakanozganga masuzgo gha Trump, wakaŵa loya, kweniso wakaŵa msambizgi wake[23] kwa vyaka 13 mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980. Cohn wakamusambizga Trump kuti umoyo ni malonda. 25] Mu 1973, Cohn wakawovwira Trump kuti wapeleke mulandu ku boma la U.S. kwa ndalama zakukwana $100 million (zakuyana na $659 million mu 2022) pa mulandu uwo boma ili likapeleka wakuti malo gha Trump ghakaŵa na sankho ku ŵanthu ŵafipa na awo ŵakakhalanga mwenemumo. Nkhani iyi yikamara na dango la boma ilo likazomerezga kuti ŵaleke kupatura ŵanthu, ndipo pati pajumpha vyaka vinayi, mbumba ya Trump yikaluta ku khoti chifukwa cha kuswa dango ili. Apo wakawovwiranga mulimo wa Trump, Cohn wakaŵa mulaŵiliri wa katundu uyo wakaŵa na ŵabwezi ŵa mu gulu la Mafia ilo likalongozganga mawupu gha vyakuzenga. Mu 1979, Cohn wakalongosolera Trump Roger Stone, uyo wakaŵa mulaŵiliri wa vya ndyali, ndipo Trump wakalemba ntchito Stone kuti wazakamovwire pa nkhani za ndyali. Trump wakawonanga kuti wakutemwa kuzenga mulandu, kwambura kupwelerako ivyo vingacitika; nanga ni para watondeka, wakalongosoranga kuti wawina mulandu. Pakati pa 1991 na 2009, Trump wakapempha boma kuti liŵavikilire ku vimbundi pa bizinesi yake yinkhondi na yimoza: ya Plaza Hotel ku Manhattan, ya makasino ku Atlantic City, New Jersey, na kampani ya Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts. Mu 1992 na 1994, Trump, wakagwira nchito na ŵabali ŵake ŵanandi, ndipo wakapangiska kampani ya shell kuti yilute na kulipira ŵamalonda awo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito nyumba za Trump, na kulipira ndalama izo ku Trump Management na ndalama zinandi; ndalama izo zikakwera zikagwiliskirika nchito kuti boma lizomerezge kuti likwezge ndalama za nyumba zake. Padera pa kukwezga renti, ndalama izi zikapelekeka ku ŵana na mphuvya za Fred na kuchepeskako msonkho.<ref name="Tax_Schemes">{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |author-link1=David Barstow |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |author-link3=Russ Buettner |date=October 2, 2018 |title=Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html |access-date=October 2, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Ku Manhattan na ku Chicago ==== [[File:Donald Trump with model of Television City.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Mu 1985 wali na cithuzithuzi ca mulimo wake wa ku Manhattan uwo ukamara<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Handy |first=Bruce |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/04/trump-tower-real-estate-projects/583243/ |title=Trump Once Proposed Building a Castle on Madison Avenue |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |date=April 1, 2019 |access-date=July 28, 2024}}</ref>|alt=Donald Trump, in a black suit and red tie, standing in from of a model of Manhattan development projects]] Mu 1978, Trump wakamba kumanyikwa na ŵanthu apo wakambiska bizinesi ya mbumba yake ya ku Manhattan, iyo yikaŵa yakunozga Commodore Hotel, iyo yikaŵa pafupi na Grand Central Terminal. Ŵakacita nthena cifukwa cakuti adada ŵake ŵakamupelekezga ndalama zakukwana madola 400 miliyoni za msonkho wa katundu wa mu msumba uwu. Ŵakaŵasazgirako ndalama zakukwana madola 70 miliyoni za ngongole ya kuzenga. Mu 1980, ŵakajura hotelo iyi na kuyichema kuti Grand Hyatt Hotel, ndipo mu chaka chenechichi, ŵakazomerezgeka kuzenga Trump Tower, iyo yikaŵa nyumba yapachanya ku Midtown Manhattan. Nyumba iyi ndiyo yikaŵa likuru la Trump Corporation na komiti ya Trump ya political action committee (PAC) ndipo yikaŵa nyumba ya Trump mpaka mu 2019. Mu 1988, Trump wakagura hotelo ya Plaza na ngongoli kufuma ku mabanki 16. Mu 1992, hotelo iyi yikachita ukaboni wakuti yikwenda makora yayi, ndipo pamanyuma pa mwezi umoza, yikapangaso pulani yakuti yikhazikiskikeso, ndipo mabanki ghakamba kuwusa hotelo iyi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's Plaza Hotel Bankruptcy Plan Approved |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 12, 1992 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/12/business/company-news-trump-s-plaza-hotel-bankruptcy-plan-approved.html |agency=[[Reuters]] |access-date=May 24, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Kessler |author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |title=Trump's false claim he built his empire with a 'small loan' from his father |date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/03/03/trumps-false-claim-he-built-his-empire-with-a-small-loan-from-his-father |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=x2jUDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA84 84]}}<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Expanding Empire of Donald Trump |date=April 8, 1984 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |first=William E. |last=Geist |author-link=Bill Geist |magazine=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/08/magazine/the-expanding-empire-of-donald-trump.html |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/04/business/company-news-trump-revises-plaza-loan.html |title=Trump Revises Plaza Loan |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 4, 1992 |access-date=May 23, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 1995, Trump wakaleka kulipira ngongoli ya madola 3 biliyoni gha ku banki, ndipo awo ŵakamupa ngongoli ŵakakora hotelo ya Plaza pamoza na katundu wake munyake mu ndondomeko ya "kuwezgeramo vinthu mu nyumba" iyo yikawovwira kuti waleke kuŵa na ndalama zinandi. Ntchito yikuru ya Trump yikaŵa ya kuzenga nyumba ya Trump International Hotel and Tower iyo yikaŵa na nyumba zakudikanya 92. Nyumba iyi yikajulika mu 2008. Mu 2024, nyuzipepara ya The New York Times na ProPublica zikayowoya kuti ofesi ya Internal Revenue Service yikakhumbanga kumanya usange wakaleka kuzenga nyumba iyo wakawona kuti njambura kuzirwa.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kiel |first1=Paul |last2=Buettner |first2=Russ |author-link2=Russ Buettner |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-irs-audit-chicago-hotel-taxes |title=IRS Audit of Trump Could Cost Former President More Than $100 Million |work=[[ProPublica]] |date=May 11, 2024 |access-date=August 26, 2024}}</ref> ==== Makasino gha mu Atlantic City ==== [[File:Trump Taj Mahal, 2007.jpg|thumb|alt=The entrance of the Trump Taj Mahal, a casino in Atlantic City. It has motifs evocative of the Taj Mahal in India.|Malo ghakunjilira ku Trump Taj Mahal (lero ni Hard Rock Hotel & Casino) ku Atlantic City, New Jersey.]] Mu 1984, Trump wakajura Harrah's pa Trump Plaza, hotelo na kasino, na ndalama na wovwiri wa wupu wa Holiday Corporation. Vinthu vikamwendera makora yayi, ndipo wakalipira Holiday madola 70 miliyoni mu Meyi 1986 kuti ndiyo waŵe na mazaza ghose. Mu 1985, wakagura hotelo ya Atlantic City Hilton iyo yikaŵa kuti yindajure na kuyithya zina lakuti Trump's Castle. Mu 1988, Trump wakagura malo ghachitatu mu Atlantic City, Trump Taj Mahal. Yikasangika na ndalama zakukwana madola 675 miliyoni ndipo yikamara kuzengeka na ndalama zakukwana madola 1.1 biliyoni, ndipo yikajulika mu Epulero 1990. Mu 1991, wakapempha boma kuti limovwire. Mwakuyana na ivyo vyayowoyeka mu phangano ili, Trump wakaleka hafu ya katundu wake ndipo wakalayizga kuti vinthu viŵenge makora munthazi. Kuti wachepeske ngongoli yake ya madola 900 miliyoni, wakaguliska kampani ya ndege ya Trump Shuttle; boti lake likuru, la Trump Princess, ilo wakalipeleka ku makasino ghake na kuliguliska ku malo ghanyake; na mabizinesi ghanyake. Mu 1995, Trump wakambiska Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts (THCR), iyo yikamba kuŵa na Trump Plaza. THCR yikagura nyumba ya Taj Mahal na Trump Castle mu 1996 ndipo yikamba kuswa ndalama mu 2004 na mu 2009, ndipo yikamuleka na 10 peresenti. Wakalutilira kuŵa mulongozgi wa gulu ili mpaka mu 2009.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://fortune.com/2016/03/10/trump-hotel-casinos-pay-failure/ |title=How Donald Trump Made Millions Off His Biggest Business Failure |last=Tully |first=Shawn |author-link=Shawn Tully |date=March 10, 2016 |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |access-date=May 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Saxon |first=Wolfgang |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/28/nyregion/trump-buys-hilton-s-hotel-in-atlantic-city.html |title=Trump Buys Hilton's Hotel in Atlantic City |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 28, 1986 |access-date=May 25, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=351}} ====Mawupu gha Gofu==== Mu 1985, Trump wakagura nyumba ya Mar-a-Lago ku Palm Beach, Florida. Mu 1995, wakasintha malo agha na kughamba kuŵa gulu la ŵanthu ŵake na kulipira ndalama zakukwana chaka chilichose. Trump wakalutilira kugwiliskira nchito cipinda cinyake ca nyumba iyo kuŵa cikaya cake. Wakapharazga kuti club iyi ndiyo yikwenera kuŵa nyumba yake mu 2019. Mu 1999, Trump wakamba kuzenga na kugura malo gha gofu, ndipo mu 2016 wakaŵa na malo 17 pa charu chose.<ref>{{cite news |last=Garcia |first=Ahiza |date=December 29, 2016 |title=Trump's 17 golf courses teed up: Everything you need to know |url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/29/news/donald-trump-golf-courses/ |access-date=December 15, 2025 |work=[[CNN Business]]}}</ref> === Kupeleka License ya Zina la Trump === {{see also|List of things named after Donald Trump}} Gulu la Trump kanandi likagaŵanga mazina gha Trump pa vinthu ivyo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito, nga ni vyakurya, vyakuvwara, masambiro, na vinthu vya mu nyumba. Wakapangana na makampani ghakujumpha 50 kuti ghapike mapenshoni, ndipo ghakapanga ndalama zakukwana madola 59 miliyoni. Kuzakafika mu 2018, makampani ghaŵiri pera agho ghakupanga katundu wakukhumbikwa ndiwo ghakalutilira kupeleka zina la Trump. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, wakapanga nyumba zinandi. Vinthu 40 ivyo wakapharazga vikamara yayi.{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|p=410}} === Ntchito zinyake === {{see also|Donald Trump and American football}} [[File:Donald Trump and Doug Flutie at a press conference in the Trump Tower.jpg|thumb|left|1985 New Jersey Generals msonkhano wa ŵatolamakani ku Trump Tower|alt=Trump, Doug Flutie, and New Jersey Generals head coach Walt Michaels standing behind a lectern with big, round New Jersey Generals sign, with members of the press seated in the background]] Mu 1970, Trump wakasunga ndalama zakukwana $70,000 za adada ŵake kuti wapokere ndalama zakucitira cinthu cinyake pa Broadway, kweni ndalama izi zikamumara. Wati wagura timu ya New York Mets na ya Cleveland Indians, mu 1983 wakagura ya New Jersey Generals, iyo yikaŵa ya United States Football League. Mpikisanowo unatha pambuyo pa nyengo ya 1985, makamaka chifukwa cha kuyesa kwake kusamukira ku ndondomeko ya kugwa (pamene iyo ikanakhala ikupikisana ndi National Football League kwa omvera) ndi kuyesa kwake kukakamiza kugwirizana ndi NFL mwa kubweretsa chovala chotsutsa. Mu 1989 na 1990, wakalemba zina lake pa Tour de Trump, mu chiyezgo cha ku America kuti wapangiske viphalizgano vya ku Europe nga ni Tour de France panji Giro d'Italia. Kufuma mu 1986 kufika mu 1988, wakagura masheya ghanandi mu makampani ghakupambanapambana agho ghakaŵa pa malo ghakupambanapambana, ndipo wakaguliska masheya agha kuti wasangepo phindu. Nyuzipepara ya The New York Times yikati, pakwamba wakapanga ndalama zinandi comene mu malonda gha malonda agha, kweni "wakazitaya zose para ŵamalonda ŵaleka kughanaghanira ivyo wakayowoya"..<ref name="Buettner-190508">{{cite news |last1=Buettner |first1=Russ |author-link1=Russ Buettner |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |date=May 7, 2019 |title=Decade in the Red: Trump Tax Figures Show Over $1 Billion in Business Losses |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/05/07/us/politics/donald-trump-taxes.html |access-date=May 8, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref>[[File:Donald Trump star Hollywood Walk of Fame.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]|alt=A red star with a bronze outline and "Donald Trump" and a TV icon written on it in bronze, embedded in a black terrazzo sidewalk]] Mu 1988, Trump wakagura ndege ya Eastern Air Lines Shuttle, na ndalama zakukwana $380 miliyoni (kuyana na $0.94 biliyoni mu 2022) mu ngongole kufuma ku mabanki 22. Wakasintha zina la ndege iyi kuŵa Trump Shuttle ndipo wakayigwiranga m'paka mu 1992. Mu 1991, wakaleka kulipira ngongoli zake, ndipo mabanki ghakamba kumuguliska. Mu 1996, wakagura viphikiro vya Miss Universe, kusazgapo Miss USA na Miss Teen USA. Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi CBS pa ndondomeko, iye anatenga awiri okongola ku NBC mu 2002. Mu 2007, wakapokera nyenyezi pa Hollywood Walk of Fame chifukwa cha ntchito yake ya kupanga Miss Universe. NBC na Univision ŵakaleka kupokelera vipharazgo ivi mu Juni 2015 chifukwa cha ivyo wakayowoya vyakukhwaskana na ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Mexico.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2015/06/29/nbc-dumps-trump/29471971/ |title=NBC to Donald Trump: You're fired |work=[[USA Today]] |first=Maria |last=Puente |date=June 29, 2015 |access-date=July 28, 2015}}</ref> ==== Yunivesite ya Trump ==== IMu 2005, Trump wakambiska Trump University, kampani iyo yikaguliskanga masemina gha malonda gha malo ghakukwana $35,000. Ŵalara ŵa boma la New York ŵakati ŵaphalira kampani iyi kuti yikupambana na malango gha boma pakuzunura "yunivesite" chifukwa yikaŵa sukulu yayi, mu 2010 ŵakasintha zina la kampani iyi kuŵa Trump Entrepreneur Initiative. Mu 2013, boma la New York likadumura mulandu wa madola 40 miliyoni ku Trump University, likati kampani iyi yikapeleka mauthenga ghautesi na kupusika ŵanthu. Mwakusazgirapo, milandu yiŵiri yikadumulika mu khoti la boma kwimikana na iyo na makampani ghake. Mabuku gha mukati ghakulongora kuti ŵantchito ŵakaphalirika kuti ŵagwirenge nchito mwakusuzga, ndipo awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu yunivesite iyi ŵakayowoya kuti Trump University yikapusika panji kupusika ŵasambiri ŵake. Wati wawina masankho gha 2016, wakazomera kupeleka ndalama zakukwana $25 miliyoni kuti milandu yitatu iyi yimare.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/19/us/politics/trump-university.html |title=Donald Trump Agrees to Pay $25 Million in Trump University Settlement |last=Eder |first=Steve |date=November 18, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 18, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ===Mawupu ghamu mizi=== {{main|Donald J. Trump Foundation}} Zina lake ni Donald J. Wupu wa Trump ukaŵanga wupu waŵene uwo ukakhazikiskika mu 1988. Kufuma mu 1987 m'paka 2006, Trump wakapeleka ndalama zakukwana $5.4 miliyoni ku wupu wake, ndipo ndalama izi zikaŵa kuti zagwira kale ntchito mu 2006. Wakati wapeleka ndalama zakukwana $65,000 mu 2007 ⁇ 2008, wakaleka kupeleka ndalama zake ku gulu ili, ilo likapokera ndalama zinandi kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵanyake, kusazgapo $5 million kufuma kwa Vince McMahon. Wupu uwu ukapelekanga ndalama ku mawupu gha vyaumoyo na maseŵero, mawupu gha ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa vyakusanguluska, na mawupu agho ghakachitanga viphikiro mu nyumba za Trump. Mu 2016, nyuzipepara ya The Washington Post yikati gulu ili likachita vinthu vyakupambanapambana pa nkhani ya malango, kusazgapo kuguliska katundu na kuleka kupeleka msonkho. Kweniso mu chaka cha 2016, loya mukuru wa boma la New York wakayowoya kuti wupu uwu waswa malango gha boma pakulomba vyawanangwa kwambula kujilambika ku kafukufuku wa pachaka ndipo wakalangula kuti wupu uwu uleke ntchito zawo zakusonkha ndalama ku New York nyengo yeneyiyo. 6] Mu Disembala 2016, Trump wakayowoya kuti wupu uwu uzamumalizgika, kweni wakazomerezgeka yayi. Mu Juni 2018, ofesi ya loya mukuru wa boma la New York yikanjizga mulandu wa civil against the foundation, Trump, and his adult children, kupenja $2.8 million mu restitution and additional penalties. Mu Disembala 2018, wupu uwu ukaleka kugwira nchito na kupeleka ndalama zake ku wupu unyake. Mu Novembala wa 2019, jaji wa boma la New York wakalangura Trump kuti wapeleke $2 miliyoni ku gulu la ŵanthu ŵakupeleka wovwiri cifukwa ca kugwiliskira nchito uheni ndalama za m'bungwe ili, kuti wapeleke ndalama zakwendeskera kampeni yake.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/trump-foundation-ordered-pay-2m-collection-nonprofits-part/story?id=66827235 |title=President Donald Trump ordered to pay $2M to collection of nonprofits as part of civil lawsuit |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=November 7, 2019 |access-date=November 7, 2019 |first=Aaron |last=Katersky |author-link=Aaron Katersky}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango na za banki === {{main|Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump}} Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu makhoti gha mu vyaru na gha mu vyaru vinyake, ivyo vikalembeka na USA Today mu 2018, Trump na mabizinesi ghake ŵakakakika mu milandu yakujumpha 4,000. Nangauli Trump wandayowoyepo kuti wali na suzgo la ndalama, kweni bizinesi yake ya hotelo na kasino ku Atlantic City na New York, iyo yikaguliskanga ndalama zinandi, yikayowoyerathu kuti yili na suzgo la ndalama maulendo 6 kufuma mu 1991 kufika mu 2009. Banki iyi yikalutilira kugwira nchito apo banki yikanozga ngongoli na kuchepeska katundu wake mu nyumba izi. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1980, mabanki ghakujumpha 70 ghakapeleka ndalama kwa Trump zakukwana madola 4 biliyoni. Mu ma 1990, mabungwe ghakurughakuru gha banki ghakaleka kumupa ndalama, kupaturako Deutsche Bank. Pamanyuma pa kupanikizgika kwa nyumba ya Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, Deutsche Bank nayo yikasankha kuti yileke kucita nayo bizinesi panji kampani yake munthazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Riley |first1=Charles |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |title=Deutsche Bank won't do any more business with Trump |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/12/investing/deutsche-bank-trump/ |access-date=September 14, 2022 |work=[[CNN]] |date=January 12, 2021}}</ref> ==Ntchito ya pa mawayilesi na vyachisangulusko== {{main|Media career of Donald Trump}} Trump wali kulemba [[Bibliography of Donald Trump|mabuku 19 pasi pa zina lake]], ghanandi ghake ghakalembeka panji kulembeka pamoza na [[ghostwriters]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-books-tweet-ghostwriter-tim-o-brien-tony-schwartz-writer-response-a8431271.html |title=Trump boasted about writing many books – his ghostwriter says otherwise |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |first=Andrew |last=Buncombe |date=July 4, 2018 |access-date=October 11, 2020}}</ref> Buku lake lakwamba, la 1987 lakuti ''[[The Art of the Deal|Art of the Deal]]'', likalembeka na [[Tony Schwartz (author)|Tony Schwartz]], uyo wakulongosoreka kuti wakaŵa mulembi munyake wa buku ili. Buku ili likaŵa pa [[The New York Times Best Seller list|mndandanda wa ''New York Times'' Best Seller]] ndipo likamupangiska Trump kumanyika chomene kuwaro kwa New York nga ni munthu musambazi kweniso wakuchita makora bizinesi.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/07/25/donald-trumps-ghostwriter-tells-all |title=Donald Trump's Ghostwriter Tells All |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |first=Jane |last=Mayer |author-link=Jane Mayer |date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=June 19, 2017}}</ref> Trump wakawoneka mu mafilimu ghanandi kweniso mu mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ya kanema kufuma mu 1985 mpaka 2001.<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Adrienne |last=LaFrance |author-link=Adrienne LaFrance |title=Three Decades of Donald Trump Film and TV Cameos |date=December 21, 2015 |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/12/three-decades-of-donald-trump-film-and-tv-cameos/421257/}}</ref> Trump wakasambira umo wakachitiranga ndyali kufuma ku [[professional wrestling]]. Kwambira kumapeto kwa m'ma 1980, nyengo zinyake wakachitanga ngati ndiyo mweneuyo pa vyakuchitika vya [[WWE]], nga ni bwana musambazi chomene, kusazgapo [[WrestleMania 23]] mu 2007.{{sfn|Gaufman|Ganesh|2024|pp=69–70}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2020|p=42}} Kwambira m'ma 1990, Trump wakawonekera kaŵiri na kanayi (24) nga ni mulendo pa pulogiramu ya ''[[Howard Stern Show]]'' iyo yikafikanga charu chose.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=x2jUDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA166 166]}} Wakaŵaso na pulogiramu yake yifupi ya wayilesi yakudumbiskana, ''[[Trumped!]]'', kufuma mu 2004 mpaka 2008.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Massie |first1=Christopher |last2=Kaczynski |first2=Andrew |author-link2=Andrew Kaczynski |title=There Are Hours Of Audio Of Donald Trump's Nationally Syndicated Radio Show In The 2000s |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/christophermassie/theres-hours-of-audio-of-donald-trumps-nationally-syndicated |work=[[BuzzFeed]] |access-date=December 6, 2024 |date=March 16, 2016}}</ref> Kufuma mu 2011 mpaka 2015, wakaŵa mlendo wakuyowoyapo ndemanga pa ''[[Fox & Friends]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Grossmann |first1=Matt |last2=Hopkins |first2=David A. |title=How the conservative media is taking over the Republican Party |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/09/09/how-the-conservative-media-is-taking-over-the-republican-party/ |access-date=October 19, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=September 9, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 2021, Trump, uyo wakaŵa membala wa [[SAG-AFTRA]] kufuma mu 1989, wakafumamo mu wupu uwu kuti waleke kuwoneka pa mphara ya chilango yakukhwaskana na kuwukira kwa pa Janyuwale 6; mazuŵa ghaŵiri ghakati ghajumphapo, wupu uwu ukamukanizga kwamuyirayira kuŵaso membala.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Harmata |first=Claudia |url=https://people.com/tv/sag-aftra-bans-donald-trump-future-readmission/ |title=Donald Trump Banned from Future Re-Admission to SAG-AFTRA: It's 'More Than a Symbolic Step' |magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]] |date=February 7, 2021 |access-date=February 8, 2021}}</ref> Wakupanga mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ya kanema [[Mark Burnett]] wakapangiska Trump kuŵa nyenyezi ya pa wayilesi ya kanema{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|p=7}} apo wakalenga pulogiramu ya [[The Apprentice (American TV series)|''The Apprentice'']], iyo Trump wakalongozganga kufuma mu 2004 mpaka 2015 (kusazgapo mtundu unyake wa ''[[The Celebrity Apprentice|The Celebrity Apprentice]]''). Mu mapulogiramu agha, wakawonekanga nga ni mulara mukuru musambazi chomene wa kampani uyo wakafumiskanga ŵakwimilira pa mpikisano na [[mazgu ghakumanyikwa]] ghakuti "wamazga ntchito". ''The New York Times'' yikachema umo wakajilongosoleranga kuti "nthowa yakumuthamikira chomene kweniso yakunozga nkhani mwakupambaniska na unenesko" ya iyomwene.<ref name="show">{{cite news |last1=Grynbaum |first1=Michael M. |last2=Parker |first2=Ashley |author-link2=Ashley Parker |date=July 16, 2016 |title=Donald Trump the Political Showman, Born on 'The Apprentice' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/17/business/media/donald-trump-apprentice.html |access-date=July 8, 2018 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mapulogiramu agha ghakasintha umo ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanandi mu charu chose cha United States ŵakamuwoneleranga Trump.<ref name="show"/><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Nussbaum |first=Emily |author-link=Emily Nussbaum |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/07/31/the-tv-that-created-donald-trump |title=The TV That Created Donald Trump |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=July 24, 2017 |access-date=October 18, 2023}}</ref> Kwendeskera pamoza na mapangano ghakuzomerezga kugwiliskira ntchito zina lake na malonda ghake, wakasangapo ndalama zakujumpha US$400 miliyoni.<ref>{{cite news |last=Poniewozik |first=James |author-link=James Poniewozik |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/28/arts/television/trump-taxes-apprentice.html |title=Donald Trump Was the Real Winner of 'The Apprentice' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 28, 2020 |access-date=October 18, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> == Kukhumba kunjira mu ndyali pakwamba == {{further|[[Ntchito ya ndyali ya Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump speaking at CPAC 2011 by Mark Taylor.jpg|thumb|Kuyowoya pa [[Conservative Political Action Conference|CPAC]], Febuluwale 2011|alt=Trump, leaning heavily onto a lectern, with his mouth open mid-speech and a woman clapping next to him]] Trump wakalembeska kuti ni wa chipani cha [[Republican Party|Republican]] mu Queens mu 1969 ndipo ku Manhattan mu 1987;{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=75}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Gillin |first=Joshua |date=August 24, 2015 |title=Bush says Trump was a Democrat longer than a Republican 'in the last decade' |url=https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2015/aug/24/jeb-bush/bush-says-trump-was-democrat-longer-republican-las/ |access-date=September 23, 2025 |work=[[PolitiFact]]}}</ref> wakaŵa membala wa [[Independence Party of New York|Chipani cha Independence cha New York]], nthambi ya boma la New York ya [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]], mu 1999; wa [[Democratic Party (United States)|Chipani cha Democratic]] mu 2001; Republican mu 2009; [[Independent politician|wambura chipani]] mu 2011; ndipo Republican mu 2012.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hall |first=Amy |title=Donald Trump was once a registered Democrat and party donor. So why did he jump ship? |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/donald-trump-was-once-a-registered-democrat-and-party-donor-why-did-he-jump-ship/wj85mj5yq |website=[[SBS News]] |access-date=March 29, 2025 |date=July 25, 2024}}</ref> Mu 1987, Trump wakafumiska malonda gha ukuru wa peji yose mu manyuzipepara ghakuru,<ref name="hint">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/02/nyregion/trump-gives-a-vague-hint-of-candidacy.html |title=Trump Gives a Vague Hint of Candidacy |work=[[The New York Times]] |first=Michael |last=Oreskes |author-link=Michael Oreskes |date=September 2, 1987 |access-date=February 17, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakalongosoranga maghanoghano ghake pa ndyali za vyaru vinyake kweniso umo wangamalira kusoŵeka kwa ndalama mu bajeti ya boma la federal.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/18/us/trump-urged-to-head-gala-of-democrats.html |title=Trump Urged To Head Gala Of Democrats |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 18, 1987 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |first=Fox |last=Butterfield |author-link=Fox Butterfield |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 1988, wakaluta kwa [[Lee Atwater]], wakamupempha kuti wamughanaghanire kuŵa wanyake wakwimilira pamoza na munthu wakwimira chipani cha Republican, [[George H. W. Bush]]. Bush wakati pempho ili "likaŵa lachilendo kweniso lakusuzga kugomezga".{{sfn|Meacham|2016|p=326}}<ref>{{cite news |title=George W. Bush 'surprised' by dad's criticism, author says |last=Gass |first=Nick |date=November 6, 2015 |access-date=December 20, 2024 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/george-w-bush-father-book-215588 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Trump [[Donald Trump 2000 presidential campaign|wakaŵa wakwimilira]] pa [[2000 Reform Party presidential primaries|ma primaries gha purezidenti gha Reform Party gha 2000]] kwa myezi yitatu pambere wandafumemo mu Febuluwale 2000.<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Winger |author-link=Richard Winger |title=Donald Trump Ran For President in 2000 in Several Reform Party Presidential Primaries |date=December 25, 2011 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |website=[[Ballot Access News]] |url=https://ballot-access.org/2011/12/25/donald-trump-ran-for-president-in-2000-in-several-reform-party-presidential-primaries/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Clift |first=Eleanor |author-link=Eleanor Clift |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-last-time-trump-wrecked-a-party |title=The Last Time Trump Wrecked a Party |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=October 14, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/021400wh-ref-trump.html |title=Reform Bid Said to Be a No-Go for Trump |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 14, 2000 |access-date=December 26, 2020 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu 2011, Trump wakaghanaghananga kupikisana na Pulezidenti [[Barack Obama]] pa [[2012 United States presidential election|chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2012]]. Wakayowoya pa [[Conservative Political Action Conference]] mu Febuluwale ndipo wakayowoya nkhani mu vigaŵa ivyo vikachitanga ma primaries ghakwambilira.<ref name="McA">{{cite news |last=MacAskill |first=Ewen |author-link=Ewen MacAskill |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/16/donald-trump-us-presidential-race |title=Donald Trump bows out of 2012 US presidential election race |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 16, 2011 |access-date=February 28, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bobic |first1=Igor |last2=Stein |first2=Sam |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-cpac_n_58adc0f4e4b03d80af7141cf |title=How CPAC Helped Launch Donald Trump's Political Career |work=[[HuffPost]] |date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=February 28, 2020}}</ref> Mu Meyi 2011, wakapharazga kuti wazamupikisana yayi.<ref name="McA"/> == Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2016 == {{main|[[2016 United States presidential election|Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2016]]}} {{further|[[Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign|Ndondomeko ya kampeni ya Donald Trump ya 2016]]|[[2016 Republican Party presidential primaries|Ma primaries gha pulezidenti gha Republican gha 2016]]|[[First presidential transition of Donald Trump|Kusintha kwa boma lakwamba la Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump by Gage Skidmore 5.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Trump speaking in front of an American flag behind a lectern, wearing a black business suit and a bright red "MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN" baseball cap. The lectern sports a blue "TRUMP" sign.|Kuchita kampeni ku Arizona, Malichi 2016]] Trump wakapharazga kuti wapikisanenge pa chisankho cha 2016 mu Juni 2015.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lerner |first=Adam B. |author-link=Adam B. Lerner |date=June 16, 2015 |title=The 10 best lines from Donald Trump's announcement speech |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2015/06/donald-trump-2016-announcement-10-best-lines-119066 |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Graham |first=David A. |date=May 13, 2016 |title=The Lie of Trump's 'Self-Funding' Campaign |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/05/trumps-self-funding-lie/482691/ |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Wakagwiliskiranga ntchito mazgu gha kampeni ghakuti "[[Make America Great Again|Pangaso America Kuŵa Yikuru]]", agho wakalembeska nga ni chizindikiro cha malonda mu 2012,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Wilson |first=Chris |url=https://time.com/5084673/donald-trump-make-america-great-again-trademark/ |title='Make America High Again' and 279 Other Ways People Are Ripping Off Trump's Campaign Slogan |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=January 8, 2018 |access-date=April 13, 2026}}</ref> ndipo wakachita kampeni nga ni mubizinesi musambazi, wakachita makora, kweniso munthu uyo wakaŵavya vinandi vya ndyali,<ref>{{cite news |last=Terris |first=Ben |title=Donald Trump begins 2016 bid, citing his outsider status |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/donald-trump-is-now-a-candidate-for-president-of-the-united-states/2015/06/16/5e6d738e-1441-11e5-9ddc-e3353542100c_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 16, 2015 |access-date=April 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 19, 2015 |title=Outsider Sentiment Leaves Its Mark on 2016 Races (Poll) |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/outsider-sentiment-leaves-mark-2016-races-poll/story?id=35850546 |access-date=April 26, 2025 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Newport |first1=Frank |last2=Saad |first2=Lydia |title=Trump Support Built on Outsider Status, Business Experience |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/189773/trump-support-built-outsider-status-business-experience.aspx |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]] |date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=April 26, 2025}}</ref> ndipo wakatenge ŵakumupuskira nkhani ŵakaŵa na [[kukondera kwa vyakupharazga nkhani]] pa iyo.<ref>{{cite news |first=Kenneth T. |last=Walsh |author-link=Kenneth T. Walsh |title=Trump: Media Is 'Dishonest and Corrupt' |date=August 15, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-15/trump-media-is-dishonest-and-corrupt}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/07/06/donald-trumps-failing-war-on-political-correctness/ |title=Donald Trump is waging war on political correctness. And he's losing. |first=Aaron |last=Blake |date=July 6, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu gha Trump pa kampeni kanandi ghakaŵanga ghambura kupulikikwa makora ndipo ghakalongosoranga vinthu mwakubisa;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/08/10/489476187/trump-s-second-amendment-comment-fit-a-pattern-of-ambiguous-speech |last=McCammon |first=Sarah |author-link=Sarah McCammon |title=Donald Trump's controversial speech often walks the line |work=[[NPR News]] |date=August 10, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021}}</ref> ndipo mautesi ghake ghakaŵa ghanandi kuluska kale.<ref name="whoppers">{{cite news |title=The 'King of Whoppers': Donald Trump |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2015/12/the-king-of-whoppers-donald-trump/ |work=[[FactCheck.org]] |access-date=March 4, 2019 |date=December 21, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2015/dec/21/2015-lie-year-donald-trump-campaign-misstatements/ |title=2015 Lie of the Year: the campaign misstatements of Donald Trump |work=[[PolitiFact]] |date=December 21, 2015 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |first1=Angie Drobnic |last1=Holan |author-link1=Angie Drobnic Holan |first2=Linda |last2=Qiu}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Farhi |title=Think Trump's wrong? Fact checkers can tell you how often. (Hint: A lot.) |date=February 26, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-existential-crisis-of-professional-factcheckers-in-the-year-of-trump/2016/02/25/e994f210-db3e-11e5-81ae-7491b9b9e7df_story.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2016 wakaŵa munthu wakulongozga pa chipani cha Republican,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=March 23, 2016 |title=Why Donald Trump is poised to win the nomination and lose the general election, in one poll |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/23/why-donald-trump-is-poised-to-win-the-nomination-and-lose-the-general-election-in-one-poll/ |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo mu Meyi wakapharazgika kuti ndiyo wakaŵa wakwimira chipani cha Republican pa chisankho.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ohlemacher |first=Stephen |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-north-dakota-campaign-2016-events-united-states-presidential-election-a382673514394788b45cfc109d0febe4 |title=Mister 1,237: North Dakota delegate puts Trump over the top |work=[[AP News]] |date=May 26, 2016 |access-date=January 28, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakalongosora kuti [[NATO]] "yikagwiraso ntchito yayi"<ref>{{cite news |first=Jenna |last=Johnson |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/04/12/trump-on-nato-i-said-it-was-obsolete-its-no-longer-obsolete/ |title=Trump on NATO: 'I said it was obsolete. It's no longer obsolete.' |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=April 12, 2017 |access-date=November 26, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Edwards|2018|loc="On the campaign trail, Trump repeatedly called North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 'obsolete'"}} ndipo wakalongora maghanoghano agho ''The Washington Post'' yikaghachema kuti gha [[kwambura kunjilirapo pa nkhondo za vyaru vinyake]] kweniso [[kukhwirizga malonda gha mu charu]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rucker |first1=Philip |author-link1=Philip Rucker |last2=Costa |first2=Robert |author-link2=Robert Costa (journalist) |date=March 21, 2016 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |title=Trump questions need for NATO, outlines noninterventionist foreign policy |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/03/21/donald-trump-reveals-foreign-policy-team-in-meeting-with-the-washington-post/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ndondomeko yake ya kampeni yikakhazikanga pa kukambiranaso [[Ubwezi wa pakati pa United States na China|ubwezi wa United States na China]] kweniso [[mapangano gha malonda ghambura msonkho]] nga ni [[North American Free Trade Agreement|NAFTA]], kweniso kukhozga chomene malango gha ŵanthu ŵakunjira mu charu. Maghanoghano ghanyake gha kampeni ghakasazgapo kupenja [[kujiyimira pawekha pa nkhani ya nkhongono]], nangauli wakasuskananga na malango ghakukhwaskana na kusintha kwa nyengo, kunozga [[Veterans Benefits Administration|mauteŵeti gha ŵasilikari ŵakupumura]], kumazga na kunozgaso [[Affordable Care Act]], kumazga fundo za masambiro za [[Common Core]], [[chitukuko cha zomangamanga|kuŵika ndalama mu zomangamanga]], kupusuza [[Internal Revenue Code|dango la misonkho]] apo wakachepeskanga misonkho, kweniso kuŵika [[msonkho wa katundu wakunjira mu charu|misonkho ya katundu]] pa vinthu vyakunjira mu charu ivyo vikapangika na makampani agho ghakasamuskira ntchito zawo kuwaro kwa United States. Wakakhumbanga kusazgirako ndalama za ŵasilikari kweniso kuchita kusanda mwankhongono panji kuŵakanizga ŵanthu ŵakufuma mu vyaru vya Chisilamu kunjira mu charu.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37982000 |title=Trump's promises before and after the election |date=September 19, 2017 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakalayizga kuzenga [[Lupupa lwa mphaka ya Mexico na United States|lupupa pa mphaka ya Mexico na United States]] ndipo wakalayizga kuti Mexico ndiyo wazamukulipira.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 6, 2017 |title=Donald Trump's Mexico wall: Who is going to pay for it? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37243269 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakalayizgaso kuchimbizga mamiliyoni gha [[Ŵalendo ŵambura mapepala mu United States|ŵalendo ŵambura mapepala awo ŵakakhalanga mu United States]],<ref>{{cite news |date=August 19, 2015 |title=Donald Trump emphasizes plans to build 'real' wall at Mexico border |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/donald-trump-emphasizes-plans-to-build-real-wall-at-mexico-border-1.3196807 |access-date=September 29, 2015 |work=[[CBC News]]}}</ref> ndipo wakasuska [[Ufulu wa kuŵa mwanarumi wa charu chifukwa cha kubabikira mu United States|ufumu wa kuŵa mwanarumi wa charu chifukwa cha kubabikira mu United States]], wakati uku ukupangiska kuŵa na "[[anchor babies|ŵana ŵakubabikira kuti ŵapoke wanarumi]]".<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Oh |first=Inae |date=August 19, 2015 |title=Donald Trump: The 14th Amendment is Unconstitutional |url=https://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/08/donald-trump-has-some-thoughts-about-the-constitution |access-date=November 22, 2015 |magazine=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]}}</ref> Kuyana na kusanda uko kukafuma mu ''[[Political Science Quarterly]]'', pa kampeni yake ya pa [[visola vya pulezidenti vya United States vya 2016|visola vya pulezidenti vya 2016]], Trump wakagwiliskira ntchito mazgu agho ghakawonekanga pakweru kuti ghakaŵa gha sankho la mtundu na gha kusankhana ŵanalume na ŵanakazi kuti wakope ŵavoti ŵatuŵa.{{sfn|Schaffner|Macwilliams|Nteta|2018|p=31}} Chomenechomene, mazgu ghake ghakwambilira gha kampeni ghakasuskika chifukwa chakuti wakati ŵalendo ŵa ku Mexico "ŵakwiza na munkhwala wakuzweteska, ŵakwiza na ubendezi, ŵakuchita chibundi";<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Z. Byron |date=April 6, 2018 |title=Trump basically called Mexicans rapists again |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/06/politics/trump-mexico-rapists/ |access-date=June 28, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> chifukwa cha ivi, NBC yikamufumiska pa ''[[The Celebrity Apprentice|Celebrity Apprentice]]''.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 13, 2015 |title=NBC officially fires Trump from 'Celebrity Apprentice' |url=https://apnews.com/article/cb81efbf341a40f6be98bb8c1933bcf4 |access-date=August 27, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> == Ulongozgi wakwamba (2017–2021) == {{main|[[Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump|Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump]]}} {{for timeline|[[Nyengo ya maulamuliro gha Donald Trump#Ulongozgi wakwamba (2017–2021)|Nyengo ya maulamuliro gha Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump swearing in ceremony.jpg|thumb|alt=Trump, with his family watching, raises his right hand and places his left hand on the Bible as he takes the oath of office. Roberts stands opposite him administering the oath|Trump wakulapa [[Layizgo la ntchito ya pulezidenti wa United States|layizgo la ntchito ya pulezidenti]], ilo likalongozgeka na Mweruzgi Mukuru [[John Roberts]], pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2017]] Trump [[Kunjira mu udindo kwa Donald Trump kwakwamba|wakanjizgika mu udindo]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2017. Zuŵa lakulondezgapo, ŵanthu ŵakukwana pafupifupi 2.6 miliyoni pa charu chose chapasi, kusazgapo 500,000 ku Washington, D.C., ŵakachita viwoneskero vyakususkana nayo mu [[Women's March ya 2017|Women's Marches]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/01/21/womens-march-aims-start-movement-trump-inauguration/96864158/ |title=At 2.6 million strong, Women's Marches crush expectations |last1=Przybyla |first1=Heidi M. |last2=Schouten |first2=Fredreka |date=January 21, 2017 |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=January 22, 2017}}</ref> Mu masabata ghake ghaŵiri ghakwamba mu udindo, Trump wakasaina [[Mndandanda wa malango gha boma gha mu ulongozgi wakwamba wa Trump|malango gha boma]] 18, kusazgapo kuzomerezga nthowa zakumazgira Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"), kufumamo mu kudumbiskana kwa Trans-Pacific Partnership, kulutiska panthazi ma projekiti gha [[Keystone XL Pipeline|Keystone XL]] na [[Dakota Access Pipeline]], kweniso kunozgekera kuzenga lupupa pa mphaka ya United States na Mexico.<ref>{{cite news |last=Quigley |first=Aidan |title=All of Trump's executive actions so far |url=https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2017/01/all-trump-executive-actions-000288/ |access-date=January 28, 2017 |work=[[Politico]] |date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> === Kukwaskana kwa vyakukondweska vya munthu yekha === {{see also|[[Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump#Makhaliro|Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump]]}} Trump wakalutilira kusanga phindu kufuma ku mabizinesi ghake pa nyengo ya ulongozgi wake wakwamba ndipo wakamanyanga umo ndondomeko za boma lake zikakhwaskiranga mabizinesi agha.<ref name="BBC041817">{{cite news |date=April 18, 2017 |title=Donald Trump: A list of potential conflicts of interest |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-38069298 |access-date=October 2, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Venook">{{cite news |last=Venook |first=Jeremy |title=Trump's Interests vs. America's, Dubai Edition |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/08/donald-trump-conflicts-of-interests/508382/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |date=August 9, 2017 |access-date=October 2, 2021}}</ref> Wakati wazamuchita yayi "mapangano ghaphya gha kuwaro kwa charu", kweni Trump Organization yikalutilira kusazgirako ntchito zake ku Scotland, Dubai na Dominican Republic.<ref name="BBC041817"/><ref name="Venook"/> Ŵakukopa boma, ŵalara ŵa maboma gha kuwaro, kweniso ŵakupa ndalama ku Trump na ŵabwezi ŵake ŵakamupangira ndalama zakukwana mazana ghanandi gha mamiliyoni gha madola pa malo ghake ghakupumulirako na mahotelo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stone |first=Peter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jul/19/donald-trump-businesses-hotels-conflict-of-interest |title=How Trump's businesses are booming with lobbyists, donors and governments |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=July 19, 2019 |access-date=November 20, 2024}}</ref> === Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu === {{main|[[Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu za boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu za boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya vyachuma ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyachuma ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya vyachilengedwe ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyachilengedwe ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya umoyo wa ŵanthu ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya umoyo wa ŵanthu ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} Trump wakanjira mu udindo apo United States yikaŵa mu nyengo yitali chomene ya [[kukura kwa vyachuma]],<ref name=VanDam>{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Van Dam |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/01/08/trump-jobs-record/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |title=Trump will have the worst jobs record in modern U.S. history. It's not just the pandemic. |date=January 8, 2021 |access-date=October 2, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> iyo yikamba mu 2009 na kulutilira mpaka Febuluwale 2020 apo [[kusika kwa vyachuma chifukwa cha COVID-19]] kukamba.<ref>{{cite news |last=Smialek |first=Jeanna |date=June 8, 2020 |title=The U.S. Entered a Recession in February |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/08/business/economy/us-economy-recession-2020.html |access-date=June 10, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Disembala 2017, wakasaina [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017|Dango la Tax Cuts and Jobs Act la 2017]], ilo likachepeska misonkho ya mabizinesi na ya ŵanthu payekhapayekha, kweniso likamazga chilango chakukhwaskana na dango la [[Affordable Care Act]] lakuti munthu waliyose waŵe na inshuwalansi ya umoyo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Long |first=Heather |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/12/15/the-final-gop-tax-bill-is-complete-heres-what-is-in-it/ |title=The final GOP tax bill is complete. Here's what is in it. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 15, 2017 |access-date=July 31, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/12/15/us/politics/final-republican-tax-bill-cuts.html |title=What's in the Final Republican Tax Bill |work=[[The New York Times]] |first1=Wilson |last1=Andrews |first2=Alicia |last2=Parlapiano |date=December 15, 2017 |access-date=December 22, 2017 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu nyengo ya Trump, kusoŵeka kwa ndalama mu bajeti ya boma la federal kukakwera pafupifupi 50 peresenti, kufika pafupifupi US$1 thiriliyoni mu 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Long |first1=Heather |last2=Stein |first2=Jeff |author-link2=Jeff Stein (author) |title=The U.S. deficit hit $984 billion in 2019, soaring during Trump era |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/10/25/us-deficit-hit-billion-marking-nearly-percent-increase-during-trump-era/ |access-date=June 10, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 25, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Paumaliro wa nyengo yake mu udindo, [[ngongoli ya charu ya United States]] yikakwera na 39 peresenti kufika pa US$27.75 thiriliyoni, ndipo chiŵelengero cha ngongoli pakuyezga na GDP cha United States chikafika pachanya chomene kufuma pa nyengo ya Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya pa Charu Chose.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Allan |last1=Sloan |first2=Cezary |last2=Podkul |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/national-debt-trump |work=[[ProPublica]] |title=Donald Trump Built a National Debt So Big (Even Before the Pandemic) That It'll Weigh Down the Economy for Years |date=January 14, 2021 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Trump wakukana [[kumanyana kwa ŵasayansi pa kusintha kwa nyengo]].<ref> * {{cite news |first1=Ashley |last1=Parker |author-link1=Ashley Parker |first2=Coral |last2=Davenport |title=Donald Trump's Energy Plan: More Fossil Fuels and Fewer Rules |date=May 26, 2016 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/27/us/politics/donald-trump-global-warming-energy-policy.html |url-access=limited}} * {{cite news |first=Jason |last=Samenow |author-link=Jason Samenow |title=Donald Trump's unsettling nonsense on weather and climate |date=March 22, 2016 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/03/22/donald-trumps-unsettling-nonsense-on-weather-and-climate |url-access=limited}} * {{cite news |last1=Lemire |first1=Jonathan |author-link1=Jonathan Lemire |last2=Madhani |first2=Aamer |last3=Weissert |first3=Will |last4=Knickmeyer |first4=Ellen |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Trump spurns science on climate: 'Don't think science knows' |url=https://apnews.com/article/climate-climate-change-elections-joe-biden-campaigns-bd152cd786b58e45c61bebf2457f9930 |access-date=May 11, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}} * {{cite news |last1=Plumer |first1=Brad |last2=Davenport |first2=Coral |date=December 28, 2019 |title=Science Under Attack: How Trump Is Sidelining Researchers and Their Work |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/28/climate/trump-administration-war-on-science.html |access-date=May 11, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} </ref> Wakachepeska bajeti ya kafukufuku wa [[Nkhongono zakuweleraso ku United States#Kafukufuku wa nkhongono zakuweleraso|nkhongono zakuweleraso]] na 40 peresenti, ndipo wakawuskapo ndondomeko za nyengo ya Obama izo zikakhumbanga kuchepeska [[kusintha kwa nyengo]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump proposes cuts to climate and clean-energy programs |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/how-trump-is-changing-science-environment |date=May 3, 2019 |work=[[National Geographic Society]] |access-date=November 24, 2023}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[United States na Pangano la Paris|Pangano la Paris]], kupangiska United States kuŵa charu chimoza pera icho chikaŵa chindazomerezge pangano ili.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dennis |first=Brady |title=As Syria embraces Paris climate deal, it's the United States against the world |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/11/07/as-syria-embraces-paris-climate-deal-its-the-united-states-against-the-world |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 7, 2017 |access-date=May 28, 2018 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakakhumbanga, ndipo wachali kukhumba, kusazgirako kupanga na kutumiza kuwaro [[mafuta gha pansi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Gardner |first=Timothy |title=Senate confirms Brouillette, former Ford lobbyist, as energy secretary |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-energy-brouillette/senate-confirms-brouillette-former-ford-lobbyist-as-energy-secretary-idUSKBN1Y62E6 |access-date=December 15, 2019 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=December 3, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/mt-state-wire-climate-ap-top-news-climate-change-ca-state-wire-2b44ced0e892d7e988e40a486d875b5d |work=[[AP News]] |title=Trump's fossil fuel agenda gets pushback from federal judges |first=Matthew |last=Brown |date=September 15, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Kupanga gasi wachilengedwe kukakura mu nyengo ya Trump, kweni kupanga [[Kukumba malasha ku United States#Kupanga|malasha]] kukalutilira kuchepa.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lipton |first=Eric |author-link=Eric Lipton |date=October 5, 2020 |title='The Coal Industry Is Back,' Trump Proclaimed. It Wasn't. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/05/us/politics/trump-coal-industry.html |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name=Subramaniam>{{cite news |first=Tara |last=Subramaniam |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/30/politics/trump-broken-promises/ |title=From building the wall to bringing back coal: Some of Trump's more notable broken promises |work=[[CNN]] |date=January 30, 2021 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Wakawuskapo [[Rollback|malango gha boma]] ghakujumpha 100 agho ghakavikilira vyachilengedwe, kusazgapo agho ghakachepeskanga [[mpweya wakuwoneska kutentha]], kunangika kwa mphepo na [[kunangika kwa maji]], kweniso kugwiliskira ntchito vyakofya. Wakafoka nkhongono za malango ghakovwira vinyama na [[Environmental standard#United States|vyeruzgo vya vyachilengedwe]] pa ma projekiti gha boma, ndipo wakazomerezga malo ghanandi ghakukumbiramo mafuta na vinthu vya mu dongo, nga nkhuvwilira [[Arctic Refuge drilling controversy|kukumba mafuta mu Arctic Refuge]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Popovich |first1=Nadja |last2=Albeck-Ripka |first2=Livia |last3=Pierre-Louis |first3=Kendra |author-link3=Kendra Pierre-Louis |title=The Trump Administration Rolled Back More Than 100 Environmental Rules. Here's the Full List. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks-list.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 20, 2021 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu kuzgora ku [[Suzgo la munkhwala wa opioid ku United States|suzgo la munkhwala wa opioid]] ku United States, Trump wakasaina dango mu 2018 lakusazgirako ndalama zakovwira ŵanthu awo ŵakupokera wovwiri wakuleka munkhwala wakuzweteska, kweni wakasuskika chomene chifukwa chakuti wakatondeka kuŵika ndondomeko yakupulikikwa makora yakumazgira suzgo ili.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mann |first=Brian |date=October 29, 2020 |title=Opioid Crisis: Critics Say Trump Fumbled Response To Another Deadly Epidemic |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/29/927859091/opioid-crisis-critics-say-trump-fumbled-response-to-another-deadly-epidemic |access-date=December 13, 2020}}</ref> Wakakanizga mawupu agho ghakapelekanga vyakufumiska nthumbo panji kulongozga ŵanakazi uko ŵangakasanga vyakufumiska nthumbo kuti ghapokere ndalama za boma la federal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Abortion: How do Trump and Biden's policies compare? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2020-54003808 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=July 17, 2023 |date=September 9, 2020}}</ref> Boma lake likawuskapo vigaŵa vikuru vya ndondomeko za boma la Obama zakuvikilira ŵantchito ku [[kusankhana ŵanthu ŵa LGBT|kusankhana ŵanthu ŵa LGBTQ]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-advocates-say-trump-s-news-executive-order-makes-them-n740301 |title=LGBTQ Advocates Say Trump's New Executive Order Makes Them Vulnerable to Discrimination |work=[[NBC News]] |first=Mary Emily |last=O'Hara |date=March 30, 2017 |access-date=July 30, 2017}}</ref> Kuyezga kwake kwakuwuskapo malango ghakovwira ŵalwari ŵa [[ŵanthu ŵakusintha jenda|transgender]] ku kusankhana mu Ogasiti 2020 kukakanizgika na mweruzgi wa boma la federal pamanyuma pakuti Khoti Likuru likafiska ufulu wa ŵantchito kuŵa wakuvikilirika pa [[jenda]] na kaŵiro ka munthu ka kugonana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Luthi |first=Susannah |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/08/17/judge-trump-rollback-transgender-health-397332 |title=Judge halts Trump's rollback of transgender health protections |work=[[Politico]] |date=August 17, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2023}}</ref> Boma lake [[Ndondomeko ya chamba ya boma lakwamba la Trump|likasuskanga kugwiliskira ntchito chamba]], ndipo likawuskapo [[Cole Memorandum|ndondomeko za nyengo ya Obama]] izo zikavikiliranga maboma agho ghakazomerezga kugwiliskira ntchito chamba mwakwenelera.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bures |first=Brendan |date=February 21, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |title=Trump administration doubles down on anti-marijuana position |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/marijuana/sns-tft-trump-anti-marijuana-stance-20200221-jfdx4urbb5bhrf6ldtfpxleopi-story.html}}</ref> Trump ni wakwimilira chilango cha nyifwa kwa nyengo yitali,<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |title=Trump returns to the death penalty as Democrats turn against it |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/27/politics/death-penalty-trump-democrats/ |work=[[CNN]] |access-date=September 18, 2022 |date=July 27, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Honderich |first=Holly |title=In Trump's final days, a rush of federal executions |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55236260 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=January 16, 2021 |access-date=September 18, 2022}}</ref> ndipo boma lake likalongozga [[Chilango cha nyifwa na boma la federal la United States|boma la federal la United States]] pa kukoma ŵakayidi 13, chiŵelengero chikuru kuluska ŵose awo ŵakakomeka mu vyaka 56 ivyo vikajumpha, ndipo vikamazga nyengo ya vyaka 17 iyo chilango ichi chikachitikanga yayi.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Michael |last1=Tarm |first2=Michael |last2=Kunzelman |title=Trump administration carries out 13th and final execution |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-wildlife-coronavirus-pandemic-crime-terre-haute-28e44cc5c026dc16472751bbde0ead50 |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 15, 2021 |access-date=January 30, 2022}}</ref> === Kugowokera na kuchepeska chilango === {{further|[[Mndandanda wa ŵanthu awo ŵakapokera chigowokero cha pulezidenti mu ulongozgi wakwamba wa Trump]]}} Mu nyengo yake yakwamba mu udindo, Trump wakapeleka vigowokero 237, vichoko kuluska mapulezidenti wose kufuma mu 1900 kupatulako [[George H. W. Bush]] na [[George W. Bush]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Gramlich |first=John |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/01/22/trump-used-his-clemency-power-sparingly-despite-a-raft-of-late-pardons-and-commutations/ |title=Trump used his clemency power sparingly despite a raft of late pardons and commutations |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=January 22, 2021 |access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> Pa vigowokero ivi, 25 pera ndivyo vikawunikika na [[Office of the Pardon Attorney|Ofesi ya Loya wa Vigowokero]] ya Unduna wa vya Malango; vinyake vikapelekeka ku ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa na ubwezi wa munthu panji wa ndyali na iyo, mbumba yake, panji ŵabwezi ŵake, panji awo ŵakalimbikizgika na ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa.<ref name="road">{{cite news |last=Vogel |first=Kenneth P. |author-link=Kenneth P. Vogel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/27/us/politics/trump-pardons.html |title=The Road to Clemency From Trump Was Closed to Most Who Sought It |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 21, 2021 |access-date=July 23, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="OloDaw">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-pardon-power-russia-probe-mueller/2020/12/24/c55000c8-45fd-11eb-b0e4-0f182923a025_story.html |date=December 24, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |title=Trump wields pardon power as political weapon, rewarding loyalists and undermining prosecutors |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first1=Toluse |last1=Olorunnipa |author-link1=Toluse Olorunnipa |first2=Josh |last2=Dawsey |author-link2=Josh Dawsey |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa zuŵa lake laumaliro lathunthu mu udindo, wakagowokera ŵanthu 73 ndipo wakachepeska vilango vya ŵanthu 70.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Kevin |last1=Johnson |first2=David |last2=Jackson |first3=Dennis |last3=Wagner |url=https://usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/01/19/donald-trump-pardons-steve-bannon-white-house/4209763001/ |title=Donald Trump grants clemency to 144 people (not himself or family members) in final hours |date=January 19, 2021 |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> Vigowokero vya ŵasilikari ŵatatu awo ŵakasangika na mulandu panji ŵakeneranga kweruzgika pa milandu ya nkhaza vikakanizgika na ŵalongozgi ŵa ŵasilikari.<ref>{{cite news |last=Phillips |first=Dave |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/15/us/trump-pardons.html |title=Trump Clears Three Service Members in War Crimes Cases |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 22, 2019 |access-date=April 18, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ndondomeko ya ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu === {{main|[[Ndondomeko ya ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} {{further|[[Suzgo la mphaka ya Mexico–United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)]]}} [[File:Texas Photo 1.jpg|thumb|Ŵana, mphasa zakugonapo na mabulangete gha foil mu chipinda cha waya, [[Ursula (detention center)|malo ghakusungiramo ŵanthu gha Ursula]], Juni 2018]] Nga ni pulezidenti, Trump wakalongosoranga kuti ŵanthu ŵakanjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka "ŵakunjira mwankhaza" mu United States<ref>{{cite news |last=Fritze |first=John |date=August 8, 2019 |title=A USA Today analysis found Trump used words like 'invasion' and 'killer' at rallies more than 500 times since 2017 |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/08/08/trump-immigrants-rhetoric-criticized-el-paso-dayton-shootings/1936742001/ |access-date=August 9, 2019 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> ndipo wakakhozga chomene kukhozga malango gha ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu.{{sfn|Johnson|2017a}}{{sfn|Johnson|Cuison-Villazor|2019}} Wakakhazikiska ndondomeko zakukhora zakususkana na ŵanthu awo ŵakapenjanga malo ghakubisamamo chifukwa cha suzgo.{{sfn|Johnson|Cuison-Villazor|2019}} Wakatumizga [[Operation Faithful Patriot|ŵasilikari pafupifupi 6,000]] ku [[mphaka ya United States na Mexico]] kuti ŵakanizge ŵanthu ŵakunjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mitchell |first=Ellen |date=January 29, 2019 |title=Pentagon to send a 'few thousand' more troops to southern border |url=https://thehill.com/policy/defense/427519-pentagon-to-send-a-few-thousand-more-troops-to-southern-border |access-date=June 4, 2020 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Wakachepeska chomene chiŵelengero cha [[United States Refugee Admissions Program|ŵachimbizi awo ŵakazomerezgekanga]] kunjira mu charu, kufuma pa mphaka wa 110,000 pa chaka pambere wandanjire mu udindo kufika pa 15,000 mu 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kanno-Youngs |first1=Zolan |author-link1=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |last2=Shear |first2=Michael D. |author-link2=Michael D. Shear |date=October 1, 2020 |title=Trump Virtually Cuts Off Refugees as He Unleashes a Tirade on Immigrants |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/01/us/politics/trump-refugees.html |access-date=September 30, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 4, 2019 |title=Donald Trump has cut refugee admissions to America to a record low |url=https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2019/11/04/donald-trump-has-cut-refugee-admissions-to-america-to-a-record-low |access-date=June 25, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Economist]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hesson |first=Ted |date=October 11, 2019 |title=Trump ending U.S. role as worldwide leader on refugees |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2019/10/11/trump-refugee-decrease-immigration-044186 |access-date=June 25, 2020 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Trump wakasazgirakoso malango ghakusuzga ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kupokera [[Kukhala kwamuyirayira mu United States|chilolezo chakukhala kwamuyirayira]] usange ŵakakhumbanga [[Public charge rule|wovwiri wa boma]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Snow |first=Anita |date=February 25, 2020 |title=Crackdown on immigrants who use public benefits takes effect |url=https://apnews.com/article/e069e5a84057752a8535b1abe5d2ba6d |access-date=June 4, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Chimoza mwa vilayizgo vikuru vya kampeni yake chikaŵa kuzenga [[Lupupa lwa mphaka ya Mexico na United States|lupupa pa mphaka ya United States na Mexico]];<ref name="timm">{{cite news |last=Timm |first=Jane C. |date=January 13, 2021 |title=Fact check: Mexico never paid for it. But what about Trump's other border wall promises? |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/fact-check-mexico-never-paid-it-what-about-trump-s-n1253983 |access-date=December 21, 2021 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> mu nyengo yake yakwamba, United States yikazenga lupupa lwa {{convert|73|mi|km}} pa malo agho pakaŵavya lupupa ndipo yikasintha lupupa lwakale lwa {{convert|365|mi|km}}.<ref>{{cite news |last=Farley |first=Robert |date=February 16, 2021 |title=Trump's Border Wall: Where Does It Stand? |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2020/12/trumps-border-wall-where-does-it-stand/ |access-date=December 21, 2021 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref> Mu 2018, Trump wakakana kusaina [[dango la ndalama za boma]] lililose usange likapelekanga yayi ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Julie Hirschfeld |author-link1=Julie Hirschfeld Davis |last2=Tackett |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Tackett |date=January 2, 2019 |title=Trump and Democrats Dig in After Talks to Reopen Government Go Nowhere |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/us/politics/trump-congress-shutdown.html |access-date=January 3, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo ivi vikapangiska [[Kujalika kwa boma la United States#2025|kujalika kwa boma la federal]] kwa mazuŵa 35 kufuma mu Disembala 2018 mpaka Janyuwale 2019, uko pa nyengo iyo kukaŵa kwakutali chomene mu mbiri,<ref name="Gambino">{{cite news |last1=Gambino |first1=Lauren |last2=Walters |first2=Joanna |date=January 26, 2019 |title=Trump signs bill to end $6bn shutdown and temporarily reopen government |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jan/25/shutdown-latest-news-trump-reopens-government-deal-democrats |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> kweni pamanyuma kukajumpha na kujalika kwa boma mu 2025.<ref name="longer">{{cite news |last1=Morgan |first1=David |last2=McCaskill |first2=Nolan D. |last3=Erickson |first3=Bo |last4=Slattery |first4=Gram |date=November 13, 2025 |title=Trump signs deal to end longest US government shutdown in history |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/us-house-vote-deal-end-longest-government-shutdown-history-2025-11-12/ |access-date=June 27, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Kujalika kwa boma kukamara wakati wazomera kupeleka ndalama ku boma kwambura kuŵikamo ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka.<ref name="Gambino" /> Kuti ŵagege kujalikaso kwa boma, Congress yikazomerezga dango la ndalama mu Febuluwale ilo likapeleka US$1.4 biliyoni zakuzengera vigongwe vya mphaka.<ref name="Wilkie">{{cite news |last1=Pramuk |first1=Jacob |last2=Wilkie |first2=Christina |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Trump declares national emergency to build border wall, setting up massive legal fight |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/15/trump-national-emergency-declaration-border-wall-spending-bill.html |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> Pamanyuma, Trump wakapharazga [[Emergency ya charu pa mphaka ya kumwera ya United States|emergency ya charu pa mphaka ya kumwera]] kuti wasamuskire US$6.1 biliyoni ku ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka,<ref name="Wilkie" /> nangauli Congress yikakananga fundo iyi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Carney |first=Jordain |date=October 17, 2019 |title=Senate fails to override Trump veto over emergency declaration |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/466313-senate-fails-to-override-trumps-emergency-declaration-veto |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Mu Janyuwale 2017, Trump wakasaina [[Executive Order 13769|dango la boma]] ilo [[Kuletska ulendo kwa Trump|likakanizga ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vinkhondi na chimoza ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi Mbasilamu]] kunjira mu United States kwa myezi yinayi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵa ku Syria ŵakakanizgika kwamuyirayira.<ref name="frontline">{{cite news |last1=Walters |first1=Joanna |last2=Helmore |first2=Edward |last3=Dehghan |first3=Saeed Kamali |author-link3=Saeed Kamali Dehghan |date=January 28, 2017 |title=US airports on frontline as Donald Trump's travel ban causes chaos and protests |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jan/28/airports-us-immigration-ban-muslim-countries-trump |access-date=July 19, 2017 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="airport">{{cite news |date=January 28, 2017 |title=Protests erupt at airports nationwide over immigration action |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/protests-airports-immigration-action-president-trump/ |access-date=March 22, 2021 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Dango ili likapangiska [[Viwoneskero vyakususkana na Executive Order 13769|viwoneskero vinandi]] kweniso [[Milandu ya malango yakususkana na kuletska ulendo kwa Trump|milandu yinandi ya malango]], ivyo vikapangiska [[malango ghakulekeska kugwiliskira ntchito mu charu chose]] dango ili.<ref name="frontline" /><ref name="airport" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=Devlin |last2=Frosch |first2=Dan |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Federal Judge Temporarily Halts Trump Order on Immigration, Refugees |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/legal-feud-over-trump-immigration-order-turns-to-visa-revocations-1486153216 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[Executive Order 13780|Dango linyake lakunozgekaso]] ilo likapelekanga vyakusankha vinyake nalo likakanizgikaso na makhoti,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Levine |first1=Dan |last2=Rosenberg |first2=Mica |date=March 15, 2017 |title=Hawaii judge halts Trump's new travel ban before it can go into effect |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-court-idUSKBN16M17N |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Trump signs new travel ban directive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-39183153 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> kweni [[International Refugee Assistance Project v. Trump|Khoti Likuru likadumura mu Juni]] kuti kuletska uku kungagwiliskirika ntchito pa ŵanthu awo ŵalije ubwezi wa "''bona fide''" na munthu panji bungwe mu United States.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/9c78ee01f1ab45ffba852974fb229487 |title=Trump travel ban partly reinstated; fall court arguments set |first=Mark |last=Sherman |date=June 27, 2017 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=March 6, 2026}}</ref> Mu Seputembala, Trump wakasintha kuletska uku na [[Presidential Proclamation 9645|chilengezgo cha pulezidenti]] icho chikathandazga kuletska ulendo ku ŵanthu ŵa ku North Korea, Chad, na ŵalara ŵanyake ŵa Venezuela, kweni Iraq na Sudan vikafumiskikamo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Laughland |first=Oliver |date=September 25, 2017 |title=Trump travel ban extended to blocks on North Korea, Venezuela and Chad |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/sep/25/trump-travel-ban-extended-to-blocks-on-north-korea-and-venezuela |access-date=October 13, 2017 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Disembala 2017, Khoti Likuru likazomerezga kuti mtundu uwu wa kuletska ulendo ugwiliskirike ntchito,<ref>{{cite news |last=Hurley |first=Lawrence |date=December 4, 2017 |title=Supreme Court lets Trump's latest travel ban go into full effect |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-immigration/supreme-court-lets-trumps-latest-travel-ban-go-into-full-effect-idUSKBN1DY2NY |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo paumaliro likalikhozga mu 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wagner |first1=Meg |last2=Ries |first2=Brian |last3=Rocha |first3=Veronica |date=June 26, 2018 |title=Supreme Court upholds travel ban |url=https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/supreme-court-travel-ban/ |access-date=June 26, 2018 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Kufuma mu 2017 mpaka 2018, boma la Trump likaŵa na [[Ndondomeko ya kupatura mbumba ya boma la Trump|ndondomeko yakupatura mbumba]], iyo yikapatula ŵana ŵakujumpha 4,400, ŵanyake ŵa myezi yinayi pera yakubabika,<ref name="tina_v">{{cite news |last=Vasquez |first=Tina |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2025/jan/17/trump-policy-family-separation-future |title=Trump's border policy tore apart many families. Nobody knows what happens to them now |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 17, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025}}</ref> ku ŵapapi ŵawo awo ŵakasamukiranga mu charu pa [[mphaka ya United States na Mexico]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Pearle |first=Lauren |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Trump administration admits thousands more migrant families may have been separated than estimated |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/trump-administration-unsure-thousands-migrant-families-separated-originally/story?id=60797633 |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Spagat">{{cite news |last=Spagat |first=Elliot |date=October 25, 2019 |title=Tally of children split at border tops 5,400 in new count |url=https://apnews.com/article/c654e652a4674cf19304a4a4ff599feb |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Ndondomeko iyi, iyo yindachitikepo kale,<ref name="Domonoske">{{cite news |last1=Domonoske |first1=Camila |last2=Gonzales |first2=Richard |date=June 19, 2018 |title=What We Know: Family Separation And 'Zero Tolerance' At The Border |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/06/19/621065383/what-we-know-family-separation-and-zero-tolerance-at-the-border |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> yikakwiyiska chomene ŵanthu mu charu chose.<ref>{{cite news |last=Epstein |first=Jennifer |date=June 18, 2018 |title=Donald Trump's family separations bedevil GOP as public outrage grows |url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/donald-trump-s-family-separations-bedevil-gop-as-public-outrage-grows-20180618-p4zm9h.html |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |via=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Nangauli pakwamba Trump wakapasa [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] mulandu<ref>{{cite news |last=Sarlin |first=Benjy |date=June 15, 2018 |title=Despite claims, GOP immigration bill would not end family separation, experts say |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/immigration-border-crisis/despite-claims-gop-immigration-bill-would-not-end-family-separation-n883701 |access-date=June 18, 2018 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Julie Hirschfeld |author-link1=Julie Hirschfeld Davis |last2=Nixon |first2=Ron |author-link2=Ron Nixon |date=May 29, 2018 |title=Trump Officials, Moving to Break Up Migrant Families, Blame Democrats |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/29/us/politics/trump-democrats-immigrant-families.html |access-date=December 29, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo wakati wangalekeska yayi ndondomeko iyi kwizira mu dango la boma, pamanyuma wakazomera chifukwa cha kukakamizgika na ŵanthu mu Juni 2018 ndipo wakalangura kuti mbumba za ŵanthu awo ŵakanjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka zisungikenge pamoza, kwambura usange "palipo chakofya" ku mwana.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Beckwith |first=Ryan Teague |date=June 20, 2018 |title=Here's What President Trump's Immigration Order Actually Does |url=https://time.com/5317703/trump-family-separation-policy-executive-order/ |access-date=May 30, 2020 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Goodnough |first2=Abby |last3=Haberman |first3=Maggie |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |date=June 20, 2018 |title=Trump Retreats on Separating Families, but Thousands May Remain Apart |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/20/us/politics/trump-immigration-children-executive-order.html |access-date=June 20, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma mweruzgi wakalangura kuti mbumba izi ziwezgeraneso pamoza ndipo kupatura ŵana kulekeke, kupatulapo pa nyengo zakuchepa waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Hansler |first=Jennifer |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Judge says government does a better job of tracking 'personal property' than separated kids |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/politics/family-separation-federal-judge-personal-property-comment/ |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Walters |first=Joanna |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Judge orders US to reunite families separated at border within 30 days |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/27/us-immigration-must-reunite-families-separated-at-border-federal-judge-rules |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> nangauli ŵana ŵakujumpha 1,000 ŵakapaturikaso na mbumba zawo pamanyuma pa dango ili.<ref name="Spagat" /> Kufika mu Epulero 2024, ŵana 1,360 ŵakaŵa ŵandamanyikwe usange ŵakaweleraso ku mbumba zawo.<ref name="tina_v"/> === Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake === {{main|[[Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lakwamba la Trump|Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} {{further|[[Ubwezi pakati pa Russia na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi pakati pa Russia na United States]]|[[Ubwezi pakati pa China na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi pakati pa China na United States]]|[[Suzgo la North Korea la 2017–2018|Suzgo la North Korea la 2017–2018]]|[[Ndondomeko ya mtende pakati pa Korea ya 2018–19|Ndondomeko ya mtende pakati pa Korea ya 2018–19]]}} [[File:-G7Biarritz (48616362963).jpg|thumb|alt=A group of seven men and one woman, sitting at a round conference table. Trump wears a dark blue suit, white dress shirt, and light blue necktie. A small sign reading "G7 France Biarritz 2019" hangs on the wall behind them.|Ŵalongozgi ŵa [[Gulu la Seven|G7]] pa [[Msonkhano wa 45 wa G7|msonkhano wa 45]] ku France, 2019]] Trump wakujichema kuti ni "wakutemwa charu chake"<ref>{{cite news |first=William |last=Cummings |title='I am a nationalist': Trump's embrace of controversial label sparks uproar |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/24/trump-says-hes-nationalist-what-means-why-its-controversial/1748521002/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=October 24, 2018 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> ndipo ndondomeko yake ya vyaru vinyake yikaŵa yakuti "[[America First|America Yakwamba]]".<ref name=Bennhold>{{cite news |first=Katrin |last=Bennhold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/06/world/europe/germany-troop-withdrawal-america.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Has 'America First' Become 'Trump First'? Germans Wonder |date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakakhozgera maboma gha [[populism|populist]], [[neo-nationalism|neo-nationalist]], na ghaulamuliro wa nkhongono.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2018/10/can-us-democracy-policy-survive-trump?lang=en |title=Can U.S. Democracy Policy Survive Trump? |last1=Carothers |first1=Thomas |author-link1=Thomas Carothers |last2=Brown |first2=Frances Z. |date=October 1, 2018 |website=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] |access-date=October 19, 2019}}</ref> Pa nyengo ya ulamuliro wake, ubwezi wa vyaru vinyake ukaŵa wakusuzga chifukwa cha kusinthasintha, kuleka kumanyikwa ivyo vingachitika, na kuleka kukhazikika.<ref name="Bennhold" />{{sfn|McGurk|2020}} Ubwezi pakati pa United States na ŵabwezi ŵake ŵa ku Europe ukasuzgikira chomene mu nyengo ya Trump.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ana |last=Swanson |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/economy/trump-european-union-trade.html |title=Trump Administration Escalates Tensions With Europe as Crisis Looms |date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakasoŵeska [[Maboma gha mu NATO|ŵabwezi ŵa NATO]] ndipo mwakubisika wakayowoya kuti United States yikwenera [[Kufuma mu NATO#United States|kufuma mu NATO]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=May 26, 2017 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |title=Trump Says NATO Allies Don't Pay Their Share. Is That True? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/26/world/europe/nato-trump-spending.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Cooper |first2=Helene |author-link2=Helene Cooper |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/us/politics/nato-president-trump.html |title=Trump Discussed Pulling U.S. From NATO, Aides Say Amid New Concerns Over Russia |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 14, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakakhozgera ndondomeko zinandi za nduna yikuru ya Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sommer |first=Allison Kaplan |date=July 25, 2019 |title=How Trump and Netanyahu Became Each Other's Most Effective Political Weapon |work=[[Haaretz]] |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2019-07-25/ty-article/.premium/how-trump-and-netanyahu-became-each-others-most-effective-political-weapon/0000017f-f22d-d497-a1ff-f2ad5c310000 |access-date=August 2, 2019}}</ref> Mu 2020, Trump wakalongozga mwambo wakusaina [[Abraham Accords]] pakati pa Israel na [[United Arab Emirates]] kweniso [[Bahrain]] kuti ŵanozge ubwezi wawo wa vyaru vinyake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Israel, U.A.E. and Bahrain Sign Accords, With an Eager Trump Playing Host |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/15/us/politics/trump-israel-peace-emirates-bahrain.html |access-date=February 9, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> [[File:President Trump & the First Lady's Trip to Europe (42547210635).jpg|thumb|Trump wakukorana mawoko na pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] pa [[Msonkhano wa Russia–United States wa 2018|msonkhano wa 2018]] ku Helsinki, Finland]] Mu 2018, Trump wakamba [[Nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States|nkhondo ya malonda na China]] pamanyuma pakukhazikiska misonkho ya katundu na vinyake vyakukangira malonda, ivyo wakati vikachichizgenge China kuti yimazge maluso ghake gha nyengo yitali gha malonda ghambura urunji kweniso [[Milandu ya kuba vinjeru vya umanyi na China|kuba wanangwa wa vinjeru vya umanyi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Swanson |first=Ana |date=July 5, 2018 |title=Trump's Trade War With China Is Officially Underway |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/business/china-us-trade-war-trump-tariffs.html |access-date=May 26, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakafoka chilango chikuru chomene icho United States yikakhazikiska pa Russia pamanyuma pa [[Kupoka kwa Russia chigaŵa cha Crimea mu 2014]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Zengerle |first=Patricia |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Bid to keep U.S. sanctions on Russia's Rusal fails in Senate |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-sanctions/bid-to-keep-u-s-sanctions-on-russias-rusal-fails-in-senate-idUSKCN1PA2JB |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Whalen |first=Jeanne |date=January 15, 2019 |title=In rare rebuke of Trump administration, some GOP lawmakers advance measure to oppose lifting Russian sanctions |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/16/rare-rebuke-trump-administration-some-gop-lawmakers-advance-measure-oppose-lifting-russian-sanctions/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakalumbanga pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] ndipo, kuyana na ŵakususka ŵanyake, wakamususkanga nyengo zichoko waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=August 10, 2017 |title=Trump Praises Putin Instead of Critiquing Cuts to U.S. Embassy Staff |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/10/world/europe/putin-trump-embassy-russia.html |access-date=June 7, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nussbaum |first=Matthew |date=April 8, 2018 |title=Trump blames Putin for backing 'Animal Assad' |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/08/trump-putin-syria-attack-508223 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> nangauli wakasuskanga vinyake ivyo boma la Russia likachitanga.<ref>{{cite news |date=December 21, 2019 |title=Nord Stream 2: Trump approves sanctions on Russia gas pipeline |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50875935 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]], wakati Russia yikapulikanga yayi ivyo yikazomera,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bugos |first=Shannon |date=September 2019 |title=U.S. Completes INF Treaty Withdrawal |url=https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-09/news/us-completes-inf-treaty-withdrawal |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=[[Arms Control Association]]}}</ref> ndipo wakakhozgera kuti Russia yiwezgekeso mu [[G7]].<ref name="G8">{{cite news |last=Panetta |first=Grace |date=June 14, 2018 |title=Trump reportedly claimed to leaders at the G7 that Crimea is part of Russia because everyone there speaks Russian |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-claims-crimea-is-part-of-russia-since-people-speak-russian-g7-summit-2018-6 |access-date=February 13, 2020 |work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> Apo [[Vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] vikawonekanga kuti ni suzgo likuru,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Adam |last2=Meko |first2=Tim |date=December 21, 2017 |title=What made North Korea's weapons programs so much scarier in 2017 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/12/21/what-made-north-koreas-weapons-programs-so-much-scarier-in-2017/ |access-date=July 5, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States uyo wakaŵa pa udindo kukumana na mulongozgi wa North Korea, ndipo wakakumana na [[Kim Jong Un]] katatu pakati pa Juni 2018 na Juni 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Crowley |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=June 30, 2019 |title=Trump Steps Into North Korea and Agrees With Kim Jong-un to Resume Talks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/30/world/asia/trump-north-korea-dmz.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kudumbiskana pa [[Kumazga vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] kukamara kwambura kupulikana mu Okutobala 2019, ndipo pakaŵavya phangano ilo likafikika.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanger |first1=David E. |author-link1=David E. Sanger |last2=Sang-Hun |first2=Choe |author-link2=Choe Sang-hun |date=June 12, 2020 |title=Two Years After Trump-Kim Meeting, Little to Show for Personal Diplomacy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/world/asia/korea-nuclear-trump-kim.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tanner |first1=Jari |last2=Lee |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matt Lee (journalist) |date=October 5, 2019 |title=North Korea Says Nuclear Talks Break Down While U.S. Says They Were 'Good' |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-ap-top-news-north-korea-vietnam-c66474b67b3e41cdad6d21ba3385ddc2 |access-date=July 21, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> === Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo === {{main|[[Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo gha ndyali mu boma lakwamba la Trump|Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo gha ndyali mu boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Kabineti yakwamba ya Donald Trump|Kabineti yakwamba ya Donald Trump]]}} {{further|[[Kulemba ntchito mu boma na ŵantchito ŵa Donald Trump|Kulemba ntchito mu boma na ŵantchito ŵa Donald Trump]]}} Pakufikaumaliro wa chaka chakwamba cha Trump pa udindo, ŵantchito 34&nbsp;pa 100 ŵa gulu lake lakwamba ŵakafumapo ntchito, ŵakachimbizgika panji ŵakasinthira ku maudindo ghanyake.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2017-12-28/trumps-white-house-has-highest-turnover-rate-in-40-years |title=Trump White House Has Highest Turnover in 40 Years |last=Trimble |first=Megan |date=December 28, 2017 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Pakufika Julayi 2018, ŵakovwira ŵake ŵalara 61&nbsp;pa 100 ŵakafumapo,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/395222-ap-trump-admin-sets-record-for-white-house-turnover |title=AP: Trump admin sets record for White House turnover |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |last=Wise |first=Justin}}</ref> ndipo ŵantchito 141 ŵakafumapo mu chaka chamara.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Zeke |last2=Bridis |first2=Ted |url=https://apnews.com/article/9188152a050f4d57ad543954d011a668 |title=Trump White House sets turnover records |work=[[AP News]] |date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=March 9, 2026}}</ref> Manambala ghose agha ghakaŵa ghapachanya chomene kuluska gha mapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵasonosono.<ref name="Keith">{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/03/07/591372397/white-house-staff-turnover-was-already-record-setting-then-more-advisers-left |title=White House Staff Turnover Was Already Record-Setting. Then More Advisers Left |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |work=[[NPR News]] |date=March 7, 2018 |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵa ŵakovwira ŵake ŵapafupi ŵakaleka kumuteŵetera panji ŵakachichizgika kufumapo.<ref name=Brookings>{{cite news |first1=Kathryn Dunn |last1=Tenpas |url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/tracking-turnover-in-the-trump-administration/ |title=Tracking Turnover in the Trump Administration |date=March 16, 2018 |website=[[Brookings Institution]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Trump wakayowoyanga mwaukazuzi pa ŵanyake mwa ŵalara ŵake ŵakale.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cillizza |first=Chris |author-link=Chris Cillizza |title=Donald Trump makes terrible hires, according to Donald Trump |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/19/politics/trump-mulvaney-bolton-hiring/ |access-date=June 24, 2020 |work=[[CNN]] |date=June 19, 2020}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa na [[Mulara wa ŵantchito ŵa White House|ŵalara ŵanayi ŵa ŵantchito ŵa White House]], ndipo wakapatura panji kufumiska ŵanyake.<ref name=Keither>{{cite news |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |date=March 6, 2020 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |title=Mick Mulvaney Out, Mark Meadows in As White House Chief Of Staff |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/06/766025774/mick-mulvaney-out-as-white-house-chief-of-staff}}</ref> Mu Meyi 2017, wakachimbizga [[Kuchimbizgika kwa James Comey|mulongozgi wa Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), James Comey]], ndipo mazuŵa ghachoko pamanyuma wakati wakafipanga mtima chifukwa cha mulimo wa Comey mu kufufuza vya Trump na Russia.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Stanek |first=Becca |date=May 11, 2017 |title=President Trump just completely contradicted the official White House account of the Comey firing |magazine=[[The Week]] |url=https://theweek.com/speedreads/698368/president-trump-just-completely-contradicted-official-white-house-account-comey-firing |access-date=May 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Schmidt |first1=Michael S. |author-link1=Michael S. Schmidt |last2=Apuzzo |first2=Matt |author-link2=Matt Apuzzo |date=June 7, 2017 |title=Comey Says Trump Pressured Him to 'Lift the Cloud' of Inquiry |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/07/us/politics/james-comey-statement-testimony.html |access-date=November 2, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa ŵalara 15 ŵa kabineti yake yakwamba, ŵatatu ŵakafumapo panji ŵakachichizgika kuleka ntchito mukati mwa chaka chakwamba.<ref name="538 Cabinet">{{cite news |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-incredibly-and-historically-unstable-first-year-of-trumps-cabinet/ |title=The Incredibly And Historically Unstable First Year Of Trump's Cabinet |last=Jones-Rooy |first=Andrea |date=November 29, 2017 |work=[[FiveThirtyEight]] |access-date=March 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129123144/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-incredibly-and-historically-unstable-first-year-of-trumps-cabinet/ |archive-date=November 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name=Brookings/> Trump wakachedwanga kusora ŵantchito ŵa maudindo ghachoko mu nthambi ya boma, pakuti wakati maudindo ghanandi ghakaŵa ghambura kukhumbikwa. Mu Okutobala 2017, pakaŵa maudindo ghanandi gha pasi pa kabineti agho ghakaŵavya munthu wakusankhika.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/10/12/557122200/trump-leaves-top-administration-positions-unfilled-says-hollow-government-by-des |title=Trump Leaves Top Administration Positions Unfilled, Says Hollow Government By Design |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |date=October 12, 2017 |work=[[NPR News]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Pakufika Janyuwale&nbsp;8, 2019, pa maudindo ghakuzirwa 706, 433 ghakaŵa ghazuzgika ndipo pakaŵavya munthu wakusankhika pa maudindo 264.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 8, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2021 |title=Tracking how many key positions Trump has filled so far |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-administration-appointee-tracker/database/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Vyeruzgo === {{further|[[Mndandanda wa ŵeruzgi ŵa boma ŵakusankhika na Donald Trump|Mndandanda wa ŵeruzgi ŵa boma ŵakusankhika na Donald Trump]]|[[Mikangano pa kusankha ŵeruzgi na Donald Trump|Mikangano pa kusankha ŵeruzgi na Donald Trump]]}} Trump wakasora [[Weruzgi wa boma wa United States|ŵeruzgi ŵa boma]] 234, kusazgapo 54 ku [[Makhoti gha apilu gha United States|makhoti gha apilu]] na [[Ŵakusankhika ŵa Khoti Likuru na Donald Trump|ŵatatu]] ku [[Khoti Likuru la United States]], awo mba [[Neil Gorsuch]], [[Brett Kavanaugh]], na [[Amy Coney Barrett]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Gramlich |first=John |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/01/13/how-trump-compares-with-other-recent-presidents-in-appointing-federal-judges/ |title=How Trump compares with other recent presidents in appointing federal judges |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=January 13, 2021 |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2025-01/apptsbypres.pdf |title=Judgeship Appointments by President |work=United States Courts |access-date=January 16, 2026}}</ref> ndipo kusankha uku kukapangiska Khoti Likuru kutolera maghanoghano gha ku woko lamalyero.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/26/trump-legacy-supreme-court-422058 |title=Trump's legacy is now the Supreme Court |first=Anita |last=Kumar |date=September 26, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=[[Voice of America]] |title=Trump's Lasting Legacy: Conservative Supermajority on Supreme Court |first=Masood |last=Farivar |date=December 24, 2020 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/usa_trumps-lasting-legacy-conservative-supermajority-supreme-court/6199935.html |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nine Black Robes: Inside the Supreme Court's Drive to the Right and Its Historic Consequences |first=Joan |last=Biskupic |author-link=Joan Biskupic |url=https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2023/06/02/nine-black-robes-supreme-court |date=June 2, 2023 |work=[[WBUR-FM]] |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref> Mu kampeni ya chisola cha 2016, wakalayizga kuti ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' "yizamumazgika yekhayekha" usange wangasankhika na kusanga mwaŵi wakusora ŵeruzgi ŵaŵiri panji ŵatatu awo ŵakususkana na nthumbo. Pamanyuma wakajilumba chifukwa chakuti ''Roe'' yikamazgika na mulandu wa ''[[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization]]'' mu 2022; ŵeruzgi ŵake ŵose ŵatatu ŵa Khoti Likuru ŵakavotera limoza na ŵanandi.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[The Week]] |title=Trump takes credit for Dobbs decision but worries it 'won't help him in the future' |first=Grayson |last=Quay |date=June 25, 2022 |url=https://theweek.com/donald-trump/1014657/trump-takes-credit-for-dobbs-decision-but-worries-it-wont-help-him-in-the |access-date=October 2, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-was-able-kill-roe-v-wade-rcna84897 |first=Sahil |last=Kapur |title=Trump: 'I was able to kill Roe v. Wade' |date=May 17, 2023 |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref> Trump wakasuskanga makhoti na ŵeruzgi awo wakasanganga nawo maghanoghano ghakupambana, kanandi mwakukhwaska munthu yekha, ndipo wakakayikiranga mazaza gha makhoti agho ghali mu Dango Likuru. Kuwukira kwake makhoti kukasuskika na ŵanthu ŵanandi, kusazgapo ŵeruzgi ŵa boma awo ŵakaŵa pa udindo, awo ŵakafipanga mtima na umo mazgu ghake ghakakhwaskiranga [[kujiyimira paŵekha kwa vyeruzgo]] na kugomezgeka kwa makhoti na ŵanthu.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Abby |last1=Phillip |author-link1=Abby Phillip |first2=Robert |last2=Barnes |first3=Ed |last3=O'Keefe |author-link3=Ed O'Keefe |title=Supreme Court nominee Gorsuch says Trump's attacks on judiciary are 'demoralizing' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/supreme-court-nominee-gorsuch-says-trumps-attacks-on-judiciary-are-demoralizing/2017/02/08/64e03fe2-ee3f-11e6-9662-6eedf1627882_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=February 8, 2017 |access-date=October 6, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Katie |last=Shepherd |title=Trump 'violates all recognized democratic norms,' federal judge says in biting speech on judicial independence |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/11/08/judge-says-trump-violates-democratic-norms-judiciary-speech/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 8, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Mliri wa COVID-19 === {{main|COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}} {{further|U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic|Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic}} {{see also|Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}} [[File:White House Press Briefing (49666120807).jpg|thumb|Kuchita ungano wa atolankhani wa COVID-19 pamoza na ŵanthu ŵa mu [[White House Coronavirus Task Force]] pa March&nbsp;15, 2020|alt=Trump wakuyowoya mu chipinda cha ungano wa atolankhani cha West Wing pamoza na ŵalaraŵalara ŵakupambanapambana awo ŵimilira kumanyuma kwake, wose ŵavwara vyakuvwara vya boma ndipo ŵalije visalu vya kumaso]] Pamanyuma pakuleka kupulikira machenjezgo gha umoyo wa ŵanthu kweniso malurombo gha ŵantchito ŵa vyaumoyo awo ŵakagwiranga nayo ntchito kwa masabata ghanandi,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-04-19/coronavirus-outbreak-president-trump-slow-response |title=How Trump let the U.S. fall behind the curve on coronavirus threat |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=April 19, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |first1=David S. |last1=Cloud |first2=Paul |last2=Pringle |author-link2=Paul Pringle |first3=Eli |last3=Stokols |author-link3=Eli Stokols}}</ref> Trump wakakhazikiska [[White House Coronavirus Task Force]] kuumaliro wa January.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coronavirus-outbreak-task-force-created-by-trump-to-lead-us-government-response-to-wuhan-virus/ |title=Trump creates task force to lead U.S. coronavirus response |work=[[CBS News]] |date=January 30, 2020 |access-date=October 10, 2020}}</ref> Mu March, wakasayina dango la [[CARES Act]]—ndondomeko ya ndalama zakukhozga chuma ya US$2.2&nbsp;trillion yakovwirika na vipani vyose viŵiri—iyo yikaŵa yikuru chomene pa mbiri ya United States.<ref name="NY Times stimulus united senate">{{cite news |last1=Hulse |first1=Carl |author-link1=Carl Hulse |last2=Cochrane |first2=Emily |title=As Coronavirus Spread, Largest Stimulus in History United a Polarized Senate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/us/coronavirus-senate-stimulus-package.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 26, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="AP Trump signs 2.2">{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Andrew |last2=Fram |first2=Alan |last3=Kellman |first3=Laurie |last4=Superville |first4=Darlene |title=Trump signs $2.2T stimulus after swift congressional votes |url=https://apnews.com/2099a53bb8adf2def7ee7329ea322f9d |work=[[AP News]] |date=March 28, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa masabata ghanandi gha kuwukira ŵanyake kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuwona umo wakachedwera kuzgora mliri uwu, Trump wakalekeska ndalama zakovwira [[World Health Organization]] mu April.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ollstein |first=Alice Miranda |title=Trump halts funding to World Health Organization |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/14/trump-world-health-organization-funding-186786 |access-date=September 7, 2020 |work=[[Politico]] |date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> Wakachiska ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha ndyali cha kumanjiliro kuchita [[COVID-19 protests in the United States|viwonetsero vyakususkana na ndondomeko za kusungilira mtunda pakati pa ŵanthu]] mu vyaru ivyo vikaŵa na malango gha kukhala pa nyumba,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Mervosh |first2=Sarah |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/17/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-governors.html |title=Trump Encourages Protest Against Governors Who Have Imposed Virus Restrictions |date=April 17, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=April 19, 2020}}</ref> ndipo kanandi waka wakakakamizga mabungwe gha boma agho ghakawoneleranga vyaumoyo kuti ghachite ivyo iyo wakakhumbanga,<ref name="CNN-testing-pressure">{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/26/politics/cdc-coronavirus-testing-guidance/ |title=CDC was pressured 'from the top down' to change coronavirus testing guidance, official says |date=August 26, 2020 |work=[[CNN]] |first1=Nick |last1=Valencia |first2=Sara |last2=Murray |author-link2=Sara Murray (journalist) |first3=Kristen |last3=Holmes |access-date=August 26, 2020}}</ref> nga nkhuvomerezga munkhwala uwo undaŵe ukulongora kuti ngwakovwira.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/06/15/hydroxychloroquine-authorization-revoked-coronavirus/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 15, 2020 |access-date=October 7, 2021 |title=FDA pulls emergency approval for antimalarial drugs touted by Trump as covid-19 treatment |first1=Laurie |last1=McGinley |first2=Carolyn Y. |last2=Johnson |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name=pressed>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/12/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-treatment-vaccine.html |title=Trump Pressed for Plasma Therapy. Officials Worry, Is an Unvetted Vaccine Next? |date=September 12, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |first1=Sharon |last1=LaFraniere |author-link1=Sharon LaFraniere |first2=Noah |last2=Weiland |first3=Michael D. |last3=Shear |author-link3=Michael D. Shear |access-date=September 13, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu October, Trump [[White House COVID-19 outbreak#Presidential hospitalization and early release|wakagonekeka muchipatala kwa mazuŵa ghatatu]] chifukwa cha matenda ghakuru gha [[COVID-19]], apo gulu lake la ŵadokotala likachepeskanga ukuru wa matenda ghake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Weiland |first1=Noah |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |last3=Mazzetti |first3=Mark |author-link3=Mark Mazzetti |last4=Karni |first4=Annie |author-link4=Annie Karni |date=February 11, 2021 |title=Trump Was Sicker Than Acknowledged With Covid-19 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/11/us/politics/trump-coronavirus.html |access-date=February 16, 2021}}</ref> === Kufufuzika === {{further|Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections|Mueller special counsel investigation|Mueller report}} Pamanyuma pakuti wanjira mu udindo, Trump wakaŵa wakufufuzika chomene na [[United States Department of Justice|Dipatimenti ya Chilungamo]] kweniso Congress, ndipo kufufuza kukakhwaskanga kampeni yake ya chisankho, nyengo ya kusintha boma, mwambo wa kunjira mu udindo, ivyo wakachitanga apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, [[The Trump Organization|mabizinesi ghake], msonkho wake, kweniso [[Donald J. Trump Foundation|wupu wake wakuchitira vya wovwiri]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodward |first1=Calvin |last2=Pace |first2=Julie |date=December 16, 2018 |title=Scope of investigations into Trump has shaped his presidency |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d6361fdf19846cb9eb020d9c6fbfa5a |access-date=December 19, 2018 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Pakaŵa kufufuza kwa milandu 10 ya boma la federal, kufufuza 8 kwa maboma na kwa malo, kweniso kufufuza 12 kwa Congress.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Buchanan |first1=Larry |last2=Yourish |first2=Karen |date=September 25, 2019 |title=Tracking 30 Investigations Related to Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/05/13/us/politics/trump-investigations.html |access-date=October 4, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu July 2016, [[FBI]] yikamba [[Crossfire Hurricane (FBI investigation)|Crossfire Hurricane]], kufufuza vyakukhwaskana na kukolerana pakati pa Russia na kampeni ya Trump ya chisankho cha 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Apuzzo |first1=Matt |author-link=Matt Apuzzo |last2=Goldman |first2=Adam |author-link2=Adam Goldman |last3=Fandos |first3=Nicholas |date=May 16, 2018 |title=Code Name Crossfire Hurricane: The Secret Origins of the Trump Investigation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/16/us/politics/crossfire-hurricane-trump-russia-fbi-mueller-investigation.html |url-access=limited |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Trump wakati wafumiska Comey mu May 2017, FBI yikajura kufufuza kwachiŵiri pa vyamalonda vyake kweniso [[Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia|mabizinesi ghake ku Russia]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Dilanian |first=Ken |date=September 7, 2020 |title=FBI agent who helped launch Russia investigation says Trump was 'compromised' |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/fbi-agent-who-helped-launch-russia-investigation-says-trump-was-n1239442 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Mu January 2017, mabungwe ghatatu gha vyaumanyi gha United States ghakati mwakugomezgeka chomene kuti [[Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections|Russia yikanjilirapo mu chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2016]] kuti yiwovwire Trump.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rosenberg |first=Matthew |author-link=Matthew Rosenberg |date=July 6, 2017 |title=Trump Misleads on Russian Meddling: Why 17 Intelligence Agencies Don't Need to Agree |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/06/us/politics/trump-russia-intelligence-agencies-cia-fbi-nsa.html |access-date=October 7, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sanger |first=David E. |author-link=David E. Sanger |date=January 6, 2017 |title=Putin Ordered 'Influence Campaign' Aimed at U.S. Election, Report Says |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/06/us/politics/russia-hack-report.html |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake, Crossfire Hurricane yikasamukira ku [[Robert Mueller]] [[Mueller special counsel investigation|kufufuza kwa mulara wapadera]];<ref>{{cite news |last=Pearson |first=Nick |date=May 17, 2018 |title=Crossfire Hurricane: Trump Russia investigation started with Alexander Downer interview |url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/crossfire-hurricane-trump-russia-investigation-started-with-alexander-downer-interview/16121e23-bdfc-4f32-9822-e4a7f841e3e4 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[Nine News]]}}</ref> kufufuza kwa ubwezi wa Trump na Russia kukamara apo Muteŵeti wa Attorney General [[Rod Rosenstein]] wakaphalira FBI kuti Mueller ndiyo wafufuzgenge nkhani iyi.<ref name="never">{{cite news |last=Schmidt |first=Michael S. |author-link=Michael S. Schmidt |date=August 30, 2020 |title=Justice Dept. Never Fully Examined Trump's Ties to Russia, Ex-Officials Say |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/30/us/politics/trump-russia-justice-department.html |url-access=limited |access-date=October 8, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Rosenstein to testify in Senate on Trump-Russia probe |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-russia-rosenstein-idUSKBN23330H |access-date=October 19, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa pempho la Rosenstein, kufufuza kwa Mueller kukafufuza milandu "yakukhwaskana na kunjilirapo kwa Russia mu chisankho cha 2016".<ref name="never" /> [[Mueller report|Lipoti laumaliro la Mueller]] mu March 2019<ref>{{cite news |last=Breuninger |first=Kevin |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Mueller probe ends: Special counsel submits Russia report to Attorney General William Barr |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/22/robert-mueller-submits-special-counsels-russia-probe-report-to-attorney-general-william-barr.html |access-date=March 22, 2019 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> likasanga kuti Russia yikanjilirapo mu chisankho cha 2016 kuti yiwovwire Trump,<ref>{{cite news |date=January 16, 2012 |title=Main points of Mueller report |url=https://www.afp.com/en/news/15/main-points-mueller-report-doc-1fr5vv1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420143436/https://www.afp.com/en/news/15/main-points-mueller-report-doc-1fr5vv1 |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019 |work=[[Agence France-Presse]]}}</ref> ndipo Trump na kampeni yake ŵakazomera na kuchiska kuyezgayezga uku,<ref>{{cite news |last=Mazzetti |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Mazzetti |date=July 24, 2019 |title=Mueller Warns of Russian Sabotage and Rejects Trump's 'Witch Hunt' Claims |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/24/us/politics/trump-mueller-testimony.html |access-date=March 4, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Trump briefly acknowledges that Russia aided his election – and falsely says he didn't help the effort |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/05/30/trump-briefly-acknowledges-that-russia-aided-his-election-falsely-says-he-didnt-help-effort/ |access-date=March 5, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Polantz |first1=Katelyn |last2=Kaufman |first2=Ellie |last3=Murray |first3=Sara |date=June 19, 2020 |title=Mueller raised possibility Trump lied to him, newly unsealed report reveals |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/19/politics/mueller-report-rerelease-fewer-redactions/ |access-date=October 30, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> kweni ukaboni "ukalongora yayi" kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu kampeni ya Trump ŵakachita chiwembu panji kugwirana ntchito na Russia.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ostriker |first1=Rebecca |last2=Puzzanghera |first2=Jim |last3=Finucane |first3=Martin |last4=Datar |first4=Saurabh |last5=Uraizee |first5=Irfan |last6=Garvin |first6=Patrick |date=April 18, 2019 |title=What the Mueller report says about Trump and more |url=https://apps.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/graphics/2019/03/mueller-report/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |work=[[The Boston Globe]]}}</ref><ref name="takeaways">{{cite magazine |last=Law |first=Tara |date=April 18, 2019 |title=Here Are the Biggest Takeaways From the Mueller Report |url=https://time.com/5567077/mueller-report-release/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Trump wakati lipoti ili likamutozga ku mulandu uliwose nangauli Mueller wakalemba kuti likaŵa nthena yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yen |first1=Hope |last2=Woodward |first2=Calvin |date=July 24, 2019 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump falsely claims Mueller exonerated him |url=https://apnews.com/article/130932b573664ea5a4d186f752bb8d50 |access-date=October 8, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Lipoti ili likalongosoraso ukaboni wa kukhuŵazga chilungamo uwo Trump wangachita, kweni "likafika yayi pa fundo yaumaliro",<ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=Devlin |last2=Zapotosky |first2=Matt |date=April 17, 2019 |title=Mueller report lays out obstruction evidence against the president |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/attorney-general-to-provide-overview-of-mueller-report-at-news-conference-before-its-release/2019/04/17/8dcc9440-54b9-11e9-814f-e2f46684196e_story.html |access-date=April 20, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Farley |first1=Robert |last2=Robertson |first2=Lori |last3=Gore |first3=D'Angelo |last4=Spencer |first4=Saranac Hale |last5=Fichera |first5=Angelo |last6=McDonald |first6=Jessica |date=April 18, 2019 |title=What the Mueller Report Says About Obstruction |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2019/04/what-the-mueller-report-says-about-obstruction/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref> ndipo likaleka Congress ndiyo yisankhe usange pakwenera kupeleka milandu.<ref name="LM">{{cite news |last=Mascaro |first=Lisa |date=April 18, 2019 |title=Mueller drops obstruction dilemma on Congress |url=https://apnews.com/article/35829a2b010248f193d1efd00c4de7e5 |access-date=April 20, 2019 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> === Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake === {{main|Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Misonkho ya katundu (tariffs) mu boma lakwamba la Trump}} {{further|Ubwezi wa Russia na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi wa China na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Suzgo la North Korea la nyukiliya la 2017–2018|Ndondomeko ya mtende wa Korea ya 2018–19}} [[File:-G7Biarritz (48616362963).jpg|thumb|alt=A group of seven men and one woman, sitting at a round conference table. Trump wears a dark blue suit, white dress shirt, and light blue necktie. A small sign reading "G7 France Biarritz 2019" hangs on the wall behind them.|Ŵalongozgi ŵa [[Group of Seven|G7]] pa [[45th G7 summit|msonkhano wa 45]] ku France mu 2019]] Trump wakujichema kuti ni "munthu wakutemwa charu chake"<ref>{{cite news |first=William |last=Cummings |title='I am a nationalist': Trump's embrace of controversial label sparks uproar |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/24/trump-says-hes-nationalist-what-means-why-its-controversial/1748521002/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=October 24, 2018 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> ndipo ndondomeko yake ya vyaru vinyake yikachemekanga kuti "[[America First]]".<ref name=Bennhold>{{cite news |first=Katrin |last=Bennhold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/06/world/europe/germany-troop-withdrawal-america.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Has 'America First' Become 'Trump First'? Germans Wonder |date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakawovwira maboma gha [[populism]], [[neo-nationalism]], na maboma gha ulongozgi wa nkhongono.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2018/10/can-us-democracy-policy-survive-trump?lang=en |title=Can U.S. Democracy Policy Survive Trump? |last1=Carothers |first1=Thomas |author-link1=Thomas Carothers |last2=Brown |first2=Frances Z. |date=October 1, 2018 |website=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] |access-date=October 19, 2019}}</ref> Pa nyengo yake ya kuwusa, ubwezi wa United States na vyaru vinyake ukaŵa wakusuzga chifukwa cha kusintha-sintha kwa ndondomeko zake.<ref name="Bennhold" />{{sfn|McGurk|2020}} Ubwezi wa United States na ŵabwezi ŵake ku Europe nawo ukasuzgika.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ana |last=Swanson |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/economy/trump-european-union-trade.html |title=Trump Administration Escalates Tensions With Europe as Crisis Looms |date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakasozga ŵabwezi ŵa [[Member states of NATO|NATO]] ndipo mwakubisika wakayowoya kuti United States yikeneranga kufuma mu [[Withdrawal from NATO#United States|NATO]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=May 26, 2017 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |title=Trump Says NATO Allies Don't Pay Their Share. Is That True? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/26/world/europe/nato-trump-spending.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Cooper |first2=Helene |author-link2=Helene Cooper |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/us/politics/nato-president-trump.html |title=Trump Discussed Pulling U.S. From NATO, Aides Say Amid New Concerns Over Russia |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 14, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakawovwira ndondomeko zinandi za nduna yikuru ya Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sommer |first=Allison Kaplan |date=July 25, 2019 |title=How Trump and Netanyahu Became Each Other's Most Effective Political Weapon |work=[[Haaretz]] |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2019-07-25/ty-article/.premium/how-trump-and-netanyahu-became-each-others-most-effective-political-weapon/0000017f-f22d-d497-a1ff-f2ad5c310000 |access-date=August 2, 2019}}</ref> Mu 2020, Trump wakalongozga mwambo wakusayinirana [[Abraham Accords]] pakati pa Israel, [[United Arab Emirates]] na [[Bahrain]] kuti ŵawovwire ubwezi wa vyaru ivi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Israel, U.A.E. and Bahrain Sign Accords, With an Eager Trump Playing Host |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/15/us/politics/trump-israel-peace-emirates-bahrain.html |access-date=February 9, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> [[File:President Trump & the First Lady's Trip to Europe (42547210635).jpg|thumb|Trump wakukorana mawoko na pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] pa [[2018 Russia–United States Summit|msonkhano wa 2018]] ku Helsinki, Finland]] Mu 2018, Trump wakambiska [[China–United States trade war|nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States]] mwa kuŵika misonkho ya katundu na mphaka zinyake za malonda, wakuti vikachitikanga kuti China yimazge nthowa zake zambura urunji pa malonda na [[Allegations of intellectual property infringement by China|kwiba vinjeru vya ŵanyake]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Swanson |first=Ana |date=July 5, 2018 |title=Trump's Trade War With China Is Officially Underway |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/business/china-us-trade-war-trump-tariffs.html |access-date=May 26, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakanangiska chilango chikuru chomene icho United States yikaŵikapo pa Russia pamanyuma pa [[2014 Russian annexation of Crimea]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Zengerle |first=Patricia |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Bid to keep U.S. sanctions on Russia's Rusal fails in Senate |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-sanctions/bid-to-keep-u-s-sanctions-on-russias-rusal-fails-in-senate-idUSKCN1PA2JB |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Whalen |first=Jeanne |date=January 15, 2019 |title=In rare rebuke of Trump administration, some GOP lawmakers advance measure to oppose lifting Russian sanctions |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/16/rare-rebuke-trump-administration-some-gop-lawmakers-advance-measure-oppose-lifting-russian-sanctions/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kanandi wakalumbanga pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]], ndipo ŵakususkana nayo ŵakati wakamususkanga pachoko waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=August 10, 2017 |title=Trump Praises Putin Instead of Critiquing Cuts to U.S. Embassy Staff |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/10/world/europe/putin-trump-embassy-russia.html |access-date=June 7, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nussbaum |first=Matthew |date=April 8, 2018 |title=Trump blames Putin for backing 'Animal Assad' |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/08/trump-putin-syria-attack-508223 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> nangauli wakakananga vinyake ivyo boma la Russia likachitanga.<ref>{{cite news |date=December 21, 2019 |title=Nord Stream 2: Trump approves sanctions on Russia gas pipeline |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50875935 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]] chifukwa wakati Russia yikapulikira yayi phangano ili,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bugos |first=Shannon |date=September 2019 |title=U.S. Completes INF Treaty Withdrawal |url=https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-09/news/us-completes-inf-treaty-withdrawal |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=[[Arms Control Association]]}}</ref> ndipo wakawovwira kuti Russia yiwezgekeso mu [[G7]].<ref name="G8">{{cite news |last=Panetta |first=Grace |date=June 14, 2018 |title=Trump reportedly claimed to leaders at the G7 that Crimea is part of Russia because everyone there speaks Russian |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-claims-crimea-is-part-of-russia-since-people-speak-russian-g7-summit-2018-6 |access-date=February 13, 2020 |work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> Apo [[North Korea's nuclear weapons|vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] vikawonekanga kuti ni suzgo likuru,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Adam |last2=Meko |first2=Tim |date=December 21, 2017 |title=What made North Korea's weapons programs so much scarier in 2017 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/12/21/what-made-north-koreas-weapons-programs-so-much-scarier-in-2017/ |access-date=July 5, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States uyo wakaŵa pa udindo kukumana na mulongozgi wa North Korea, [[Kim Jong Un]], ndipo ŵakakumana katatu pakati pa Juni 2018 na Juni 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Crowley |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=June 30, 2019 |title=Trump Steps Into North Korea and Agrees With Kim Jong-un to Resume Talks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/30/world/asia/trump-north-korea-dmz.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kweni kudumbiskana pa [[denuclearization]] ya North Korea kukamara mu Okutobala 2019 kwambura kufika pa phangano lililose.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanger |first1=David E. |author-link1=David E. Sanger |last2=Sang-Hun |first2=Choe |author-link2=Choe Sang-hun |date=June 12, 2020 |title=Two Years After Trump-Kim Meeting, Little to Show for Personal Diplomacy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/world/asia/korea-nuclear-trump-kim.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tanner |first1=Jari |last2=Lee |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matt Lee (journalist) |date=October 5, 2019 |title=North Korea Says Nuclear Talks Break Down While U.S. Says They Were 'Good' |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-ap-top-news-north-korea-vietnam-c66474b67b3e41cdad6d21ba3385ddc2 |access-date=July 21, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Trump wakakanizgikaso ivyo wakayowoyanga na ŵalaraŵalara ŵa visola vya boma,<ref>{{cite news |last=Woodward |first=Calvin |date=November 16, 2020 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump conclusively lost, denies the evidence |url=https://apnews.com/article/ap-fact-check-trump-conclusively-lost-bbb9d8c808021ed65d91aee003a7bc64 |access-date=November 17, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> ndipo Khoti Likuru Chomene likakana kupulika [[Texas v. Pennsylvania|mulandu uwo ukakhumbanga kuti usinthe ivyo vikafuma mu visola]] mu vyaru vinayi ivyo Biden wakathereska.<ref>{{cite news |last=Liptak |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Liptak |date=December 11, 2020 |title=Supreme Court Rejects Texas Suit Seeking to Subvert Election |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/11/us/politics/supreme-court-election-texas.html |access-date=October 9, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kanandi waka Trump wakapenja wovwiri wakuti wasinthe ivyo vikafuma mu visola, wakakanizga na kukakamizga yekha ŵalaraŵalara ŵa Republican ŵa mu malo na ŵa maboma,<ref name="amyG">{{cite news |last=Gardner |first=Amy |date=January 3, 2021 |title='I just want to find 11,780 votes': In extraordinary hour-long call, Trump pressures Georgia secretary of state to recalculate the vote in his favor |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-raffensperger-call-georgia-vote/2021/01/03/d45acb92-4dc4-11eb-bda4-615aaefd0555_story.html |access-date=January 20, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ŵimiliri ŵa malango ŵa Republican,<ref name="pressure">{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Anita |last2=Orr |first2=Gabby |last3=McGraw |first3=Meridith |date=December 21, 2020 |title=Inside Trump's pressure campaign to overturn the election |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/21/trump-pressure-campaign-overturn-election-449486 |access-date=December 22, 2020 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Dipatimenti ya Malango,<ref>{{cite news |last=Cohen |first=Marshall |date=November 5, 2021 |title=Timeline of the coup: How Trump tried to weaponize the Justice Department to overturn the 2020 election |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/11/05/politics/january-6-timeline-trump-coup/ |access-date=November 6, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> na Muteŵeti wa Pulezidenti Pence,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Haberman |first1=Maggie |author-link1=Maggie Haberman |last2=Karni |first2=Annie |author-link2=Annie Karni |date=January 5, 2021 |title=Pence Said to Have Told Trump that he Lacks Power to Change Election Result |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/us/politics/pence-trump-election-results.html |access-date=January 7, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakuŵachiska kuti ŵachite vinthu nga nkhusintha [[Ndondomeko ya ma elector ŵautesi ya Trump|ma elector ŵa pulezidenti]],<ref name="pressure" /> panji kuti ŵalaraŵalara ŵa Georgia [[Foni ya Trump–Raffensperger|"ŵasangepo" mavoti na kupharazga]] ivyo "vaweleraso kuŵerengeka".<ref name="amyG"/> Trump wakaluta yayi ku [[Kunjizgika mu udindo kwa Biden]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20.<ref>{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=January 20, 2021 |title=Trump Departs Vowing, 'We Will Be Back in Some Form' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/20/us/politics/trump-presidency.html |access-date=January 25, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Kuukira kwa pa Janyuwale 6 === {{main|[[Kuukira kwa pa United States Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, 2021|Kuukira kwa pa United States Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, 2021]]}} [[File:2021 storming of the United States Capitol DSC09254-2 (50820534063) (retouched).jpg|thumb|Mzinda wa ŵalondezgi ŵa Trump pa nyengo ya kuukira]] Pa Janyuwale&nbsp;6, 2021, apo [[Kuŵerenga mavoti gha Electoral College gha United States cha 2021|Congress yikakhazikiskanga ivyo vikafuma mu visola vya pulezidenti]], [[Msonkhano wa Trump wa pa Janyuwale 6|Trump wakachita msonkhano]] uwo wakachemerezgamo kuti ivyo vikafuma mu visola visinthike ndipo wakachiska ŵalondezgi ŵake kuti "ŵarwe mwankhongono" na "kuwezgerapo charu chithu" mwa kwenda ku Capitol.<ref>{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 10, 2021 |title=Incitement to Riot? What Trump Told Supporters Before Mob Stormed Capitol |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/10/us/trump-speech-riot.html |access-date=January 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵakawungana mu mzinda ndipo ŵakanjira mu nyumba ya Capitol, ŵakaparanya ndondomeko ya kukhozgera ivyo vikafuma mu visola ndipo ŵakachitiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu Congress ŵafumiskike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tan |first1=Shelley |last2=Shin |first2=Youjin |last3=Rindler |first3=Danielle |date=January 9, 2021 |title=How one of America's ugliest days unraveled inside and outside the Capitol |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/interactive/2021/capitol-insurrection-visual-timeline/ |access-date=May 2, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ŵapolisi ŵakujumpha 140 ŵakapwetekeka, ndipo ŵanthu ŵankhondi ŵakafwa pa nyengo ya kuukira panji pamanyuma pake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rubin |first1=Olivia |last2=Mallin |first2=Alexander |last3=Steakin |first3=Will |date=January 4, 2022 |title=By the numbers: How the Jan. 6 investigation is shaping up 1 year later |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/numbers-jan-investigation-shaping-year/story?id=82057743 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Cameron |first=Chris |date=January 5, 2022 |title=These Are the People Who Died in Connection With the Capitol Riot |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/05/us/politics/jan-6-capitol-deaths.html |access-date=January 29, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chinthu ichi chalongosoreka kuti chikaŵa [[kujipoka boma]] uko Trump wakayezga kuchita.{{sfn|Pion-Berlin|Bruneau|Goetze|2022}}{{sfn|Harvey|2022|p=3|}}{{sfn|Castañeda|Jenks|2023|p=246}} Pamanyuma pake Congress yikawunganaso ndipo yikakhozgera kuthereska kwa Biden m'maora ghakwambilira gha Janyuwale&nbsp;7.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregorian |first1=Dareh |last2=Gibson |first2=Ginger |last3=Kapur |first3=Sahil |last4=Helsel |first4=Phil |date=January 6, 2021 |title=Congress confirms Biden's win after pro-Trump mob's assault on Capitol |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-election/congress-begin-electoral-vote-count-amid-protests-inside-outside-capitol-n1253013 |access-date=January 8, 2021 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> == Pakati pa maulamuliro gha upulezidenti (2021–2025) == Wakati wafumanga mu White House, Trump wakamba kukhala ku Mar-a-Lago, ndipo wakakhazikiska ofesi kula nga umo vikulongosorekera mu [[Former Presidents Act|Former Presidents Act]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Jan |date=January 27, 2021 |title=Explainer: Why Trump's post-presidency perks, like a pension and office, are safe for the rest of his life |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment-benefits-explai-idUSKBN29W238 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ivyo wakalutilira kuyowoya mwautesi vya [[Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election|chisola cha 2020 icho wakati chikabika]] vikamanyikwanga chomene na awo ŵakamususkanga kuti "[[big lie|utesi ukuru]]", nangauli mu Meyi 2021, iyo na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakamulondezganga ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito mazgu agha pakuyowoya vya chisola chenechicho.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Solender |first=Andrew |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Trump Says He'll Appropriate 'The Big Lie' To Refer To His Election Loss |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2021/05/03/trump-says-hell-appropriate-the-big-lie-to-refer-to-his-election-loss/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="key2">{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=May 19, 2021 |title=The 5 key elements of Trump's Big Lie and how it came to be |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/19/politics/donald-trump-big-lie-explainer/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Chipani cha Republican chikagwiliskira ntchito ivyo wakayowoyanga mwautesi vya chisola kuti chilongosore chifukwa cha [[Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 United States presidential election|kwambiska malango ghaphya ghakukanizga kuvota]] kuti chiŵawovwire.<ref>{{cite news |last=Balz |first=Dan |author-link=Dan Balz |date=May 29, 2021 |title=The GOP push to revisit 2020 has worrisome implications for future elections |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-big-lie-elections-impact/2021/05/29/d7992fa2-c07d-11eb-b26e-53663e6be6ff_story.html |access-date=June 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Izaguirre |first1=Anthony |last2=Coronado |first2=Acacia |date=January 31, 2021 |title=GOP lawmakers seek tougher voting rules after record turnout |url=https://apnews.com/article/bills-voting-rights-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-voter-registration-0e94844d72d2a2bf8b51b1c950bd64fc |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=McCaskill |first=Nolan D. |date=March 15, 2021 |title=After Trump's loss and false fraud claims, GOP eyes voter restrictions across nation |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/15/voting-restrictions-states-475732 |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kukakamizga ŵimiliri ŵa maboma gha vigaŵa kuti ŵasinthe ivyo vikafuma mu chisola.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bender |first1=Michael C. |author-link1=Michael C. Bender |last2=Epstein |first2=Reid J. |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Trump Recently Urged a Powerful Legislator to Overturn His 2020 Defeat in Wisconsin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/us/politics/trump-wisconsin-election-call.html |access-date=August 13, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kupambana na ŵapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵakale, Trump wakalutilira kulamulira chipani chake; mbiri iyo yikalembeka mu ''The New York Times'' mu 2022 yikamulongosora nga ni [[party boss|mulongozgi mukuru wa chipani]] wa mazuŵa ghasono.<ref name="PB2">{{cite news |last=Goldmacher |first=Shane |date=April 17, 2022 |title=Mar-a-Lago Machine: Trump as a Modern-Day Party Boss |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/17/us/politics/trump-mar-a-lago.html |access-date=July 31, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalutilira kusanga ndalama za ndondomeko zake, ndipo wakasanga [[war chest|nkhokwe ya ndalama]] iyo yikaŵa yakuluska kaŵiri ya Chipani cha Republican, kweniso wakasanganga phindu kufuma ku vyakusonkhezgera ndalama ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa Republican ŵakachitiranga ku Mar-a-Lago. Chigaŵa chikuru cha ntchito yake chikaŵa pa kulongozga chipani na kuŵika ŵanthu ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo mu maudindo ghakuzirwa.<ref name="PB2" /> Mu [[2022 midterm elections|visola vya pakati pa nyengo ya 2022]], Trump wakazomerezga ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 200 kuti ŵapikisane pa maudindo ghakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paybarah |first=Azi |author-link=Azi Paybarah |date=August 2, 2022 |title=Where Trump's Endorsement Record Stands Halfway through Primary Season |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/02/us/politics/trump-endorsements-midterm-primary-election.html |access-date=August 3, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2022, kampani yake ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group|Trump Media & Technology Group]] (TMTG) yikambiska pulatifomu ya pa intaneti yakovwira Trump yakuchemeka [[Truth Social|Truth Social]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhuyian |first=Johana |date=February 21, 2022 |title=Donald Trump's social media app launches on Apple store |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/21/donald-trumps-social-media-app-truth-social-launches-on-apple-store |access-date=May 7, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2024, TMTG yikazgoka kampani ya pa msika wa masheya.<ref>{{cite news |last=Harwell |first=Drew |author-link=Drew Harwell |date=March 26, 2024 |title=Trump Media soars in first day of public tradings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/03/25/truth-social-trump-media-stock-market-billions/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango === {{see also|[[Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump|Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump]]|[[Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency|Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency]]}} Mu 2019, mulembi wa nkhani [[E. Jean Carroll|E. Jean Carroll]] wakamupa mulandu Trump kuti wakamuchitira chiheni cha kugonana mu m'ma 1990, ndipo [[E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump|wakamuphalira mulandu wa kumunangira zina]] chifukwa cha kukana kwake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ransom |first=Jan |date=November 4, 2019 |title=E. Jean Carroll, Who Accused Trump of Rape, Sues Him for Defamation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/04/nyregion/jean-carroll-sues-trump.html |access-date=January 24, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Carroll wakamuphaliraso mulandu mu 2022 pa mulandu wa [[Battery (crime)|battery]] kweniso kunangira zina.<ref>{{cite news |last=Weiser |first=Benjamin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Writer Who Accused Trump of Rape to File New Defamation Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/nyregion/donald-trump-jean-carroll-lawsuit.html |access-date=January 24, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu wa kuchitira munthu nkhaza za kugonana na kunangira zina, ndipo likamulamura kulipira ndalama zakukwana $5 miliyoni pa mulandu umoza<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Becky |last2=Bernstein |first2=Andrea |last3=Marritz |first3=Ilya |last4=Lawrence |first4=Quil |date=May 9, 2023 |title=A jury finds Trump liable for battery and defamation in E. Jean Carroll trial |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/05/09/1174975870/trump-carroll-verdict |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> na $83.3 miliyoni pa unyake.<ref name="uphold">{{cite news |last=Offenhartz |first=Jake |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-appeal-award-d587004df6f7c46ec4a17b563a38bfa9 |title=Appeals court upholds E. Jean Carroll's $83.3M defamation judgment against Trump |work=[[AP News]] |date=September 8, 2025 |access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> Makhoti ghapachanya gha apilu ghakakhozga vyeruzgo vyose na ndalama izi mu Disembala 2024 na Seputembala 2025, mwakulondezgana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Neumeister |first1=Larry |last2=Sisak |first2=Michael R. |date=December 30, 2024 |title=An appeals court upholds a $5 million award in a sexual abuse verdict against President-elect Trump |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-lawsuit-defamation-trial-78e4196024539653a6de492312770ff2 |access-date=December 31, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref name="uphold"/> Khoti Likuru la United States likakana pempho la Trump la kupempha apilu pa mulandu wakwamba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Supreme Court rejects Trump’s push to toss $5 million verdict in E. Jean Carroll sexual abuse case |last=Whitehurst |first=Lindsay |date=June 29, 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-supreme-court-e-jean-carroll-sexual-abuse-1a50d1e9e1d12898e78e0803c4627771 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=June 29, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2022, [[New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization|boma la New York likamuphalira mulandu wa boma]] Trump, likamupa mulandu wakuti wakasazgiranga mtengo wa Trump Organization kuti wasange chandulo kwa ŵakukongozga ndalama na mabanki.<ref>{{cite news |last=Scannell |first=Kara |date=September 21, 2022 |title=New York attorney general files civil fraud lawsuit against Trump, some of his children and his business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/21/politics/trump-new-york-attorney-general-letitia-james-fraud-lawsuit/index.html |access-date=September 21, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref name="TF">{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |date=February 17, 2024 |title=Trump Fraud Trial Penalty Will Exceed $450 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/16/nyregion/trump-civil-fraud-trial-ruling.html |access-date=February 17, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu ndipo likamulamura kulipira pafupifupi $355 miliyoni kweniso chiwongoladzanja.<ref name="TF" /> Mu Ogasiti 2025, khoti la apilu likakhozga kuti wali na mulandu na chilango chinyake chambura ndalama, kweni likafumyapo chilango cha ndalama chifukwa chikawonekanga kuti ntchakujumphizga.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/nyregion/trump-fraud-james.html |title=Divided Court Eliminates Trump's Half-Billion-Dollar Fine in Fraud Case |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 21, 2025 |access-date=August 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chifukwa cha ivyo Trump wakachita pakukhumba kusintha ivyo vikafuma mu chisola cha 2020 na kutorana kwake chigaŵa pa kuwukira kwa Januwale&nbsp;6, mu Disembala 2022 [[United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack|komiti yapadera ya Nyumba ya Wimiliri ya United States pa kuwukira uku]] yikapempha kuti wapike milandu ya uheni yakusazgapo [[obstructing an official proceeding|kunanga ntchito ya ndondomeko ya boma]], kukhuŵilizga panji kovwira kuwukira boma, kweniso [[conspiracy to defraud the United States|kupangana kuchitira chinyengo United States]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 19, 2022 |title=It's Unclear Whether the Justice Dept. Will Take Up the Jan. 6 Panel's Charges |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/19/us/politics/jan-6-trump-justice-dept.html |access-date=March 25, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Ogasiti 2023, gulu la ŵeruzgi ŵa ku [[Fulton County, Georgia|Fulton County, Georgia]] likamupa milandu 13, kusazgapo [[Georgia election racketeering prosecution|racketeering]], chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwake kunanga ivyo vikafuma mu chisola cha 2020 mu boma ili.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowell |first1=Hugo |last2=Wicker |first2=Jewel |date=August 15, 2023 |title=Donald Trump and allies indicted in Georgia over bid to reverse 2020 election loss |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/14/donald-trump-georgia-indictment-2020-election |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Drenon |first=Brandon |date=August 25, 2023 |title=What are the charges in Trump's Georgia indictment? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66503668 |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Mulandu uwu ukafumiskika mu Novembala 2025 pamanyuma pakuti mulembi muphya wa milandu wakakana kulutilira nawo.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fausset |first1=Richard |last2=Hakim |first2=Danny |title=Judge Dismisses Georgia Election Interference Case Against Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/26/us/trump-georgia-election-racketeering.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 26, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> == Pakati pa maulamuliro gha pulezidenti (2021–2025) == Wakati wafumanga mu White House, Trump wakamba kukhala ku Mar-a-Lago, ndipo wakakhazikiska ofesi kwenekura nga umo vikuperekekera na [[Former Presidents Act|Dango la Ŵapulezidenti Ŵakale]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Jan |date=January 27, 2021 |title=Explainer: Why Trump's post-presidency perks, like a pension and office, are safe for the rest of his life |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment-benefits-explai-idUSKBN29W238 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ivyo wakalutilira kuyowoya mwautesi pa [[Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election|visola vya pulezidenti vya 2020 ivyo wakati vikabiwa]] vikachemekanga kanandi kuti "[[Big lie|utesi ukuru]]" na awo ŵakamususkanga, nangauli mu Meyi 2021, iyo na ŵanandi mwa ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito zina ili pakung'anamura chisola cheneko.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Solender |first=Andrew |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Trump Says He'll Appropriate 'The Big Lie' To Refer To His Election Loss |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2021/05/03/trump-says-hell-appropriate-the-big-lie-to-refer-to-his-election-loss/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="key2">{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=May 19, 2021 |title=The 5 key elements of Trump's Big Lie and how it came to be |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/19/politics/donald-trump-big-lie-explainer/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Chipani cha Republican chikagwiliskira ntchito mazgu ghake ghautesi pa chisola kuti chilongosore [[Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 United States presidential election|kuŵikapo mphaka ziphya pa kuvota]] kuti viŵawovwire.<ref>{{cite news |last=Balz |first=Dan |author-link=Dan Balz |date=May 29, 2021 |title=The GOP push to revisit 2020 has worrisome implications for future elections |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-big-lie-elections-impact/2021/05/29/d7992fa2-c07d-11eb-b26e-53663e6be6ff_story.html |access-date=June 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Izaguirre |first1=Anthony |last2=Coronado |first2=Acacia |date=January 31, 2021 |title=GOP lawmakers seek tougher voting rules after record turnout |url=https://apnews.com/article/bills-voting-rights-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-voter-registration-0e94844d72d2a2bf8b51b1c950bd64fc |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=McCaskill |first=Nolan D. |date=March 15, 2021 |title=After Trump's loss and false fraud claims, GOP eyes voter restrictions across nation |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/15/voting-restrictions-states-475732 |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kukakamizga ŵimiliri ŵa maboma kuti ŵawuske vyakufuma mu chisola.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bender |first1=Michael C. |author-link1=Michael C. Bender |last2=Epstein |first2=Reid J. |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Trump Recently Urged a Powerful Legislator to Overturn His 2020 Defeat in Wisconsin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/us/politics/trump-wisconsin-election-call.html |access-date=August 13, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kupambana na ŵapulezidenti ŵakale ŵanyake, Trump wakalutilira kulamulira chipani chake; mbiri iyo yikafuma mu ''The New York Times'' mu 2022 yikamulongosora nga ni [[party boss|mulongozgi mukuru wa chipani]] wa mazuŵa ghano.<ref name="PB2">{{cite news |last=Goldmacher |first=Shane |date=April 17, 2022 |title=Mar-a-Lago Machine: Trump as a Modern-Day Party Boss |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/17/us/politics/trump-mar-a-lago.html |access-date=July 31, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuwunganya ndalama, wakawunganya [[war chest|nkhokwe yikuru ya ndalama]] iyo yikaŵa yakuluska kaŵiri iyo ya Chipani cha Republican, ndipo wakasangaso phindu kufuma ku mawunganiro gha ndalama agho ŵanandi awo ŵakakhumbanga maudindo mwa Republican ŵakachitiranga ku Mar-a-Lago. Ghanandi mwa ntchito zake ghakaŵa pa ulongozgi wa chipani na kuŵika ŵanthu ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo mu maudindo ghakuzirwa.<ref name="PB2" /> Mu [[Visola vya pakati pa nyengo ya United States vya 2022|visola vya pakati pa nyengo vya 2022]], Trump wakapeleka chovwiri ku ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 200 awo ŵakakhumbanga maudindo ghakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paybarah |first=Azi |author-link=Azi Paybarah |date=August 2, 2022 |title=Where Trump's Endorsement Record Stands Halfway through Primary Season |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/02/us/politics/trump-endorsements-midterm-primary-election.html |access-date=August 3, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2022, kampani yake ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group]] (TMTG) yikamba malo ghakusangwaniska gha pa intaneti ghakucemeka [[Truth Social]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhuyian |first=Johana |date=February 21, 2022 |title=Donald Trump's social media app launches on Apple store |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/21/donald-trumps-social-media-app-truth-social-launches-on-apple-store |access-date=May 7, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2024, TMTG yikazgoka kampani ya pa msika wa masheya.<ref>{{cite news |last=Harwell |first=Drew |author-link=Drew Harwell |date=March 26, 2024 |title=Trump Media soars in first day of public tradings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/03/25/truth-social-trump-media-stock-market-billions/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango === {{see also|[[Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump|Nkhani za malango za Donald Trump pa umoyo wake na bizinesi]]|[[Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency|Nkhani za malango pa ulamuliro wakwamba wa Trump]]}} Mu 2019, mulembi wa nkhani [[E. Jean Carroll]] wakamupa mulandu Trump kuti wakamuchita chinyamusi mu m'ma 1990 ndipo [[E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump|wakamusumba chifukwa cha kumunangira zina]] pamanyuma pakuti wakakana ivyo wakamupa mulandu.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ransom |first=Jan |date=November 4, 2019 |title=E. Jean Carroll, Who Accused Trump of Rape, Sues Him for Defamation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/04/nyregion/jean-carroll-sues-trump.html |access-date=January 24, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Carroll wakamusumba so mu 2022 chifukwa cha [[Battery (crime)|kukhuŵazga munthu]] kweniso kumunangira zina.<ref>{{cite news |last=Weiser |first=Benjamin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Writer Who Accused Trump of Rape to File New Defamation Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/nyregion/donald-trump-jean-carroll-lawsuit.html |access-date=January 24, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu wa kuchita nkhaza za kugonana na kumunangira zina, ndipo likamulangura kulipira ndalama zakukwana $5 miliyoni pa mulandu umoza<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Becky |last2=Bernstein |first2=Andrea |last3=Marritz |first3=Ilya |last4=Lawrence |first4=Quil |date=May 9, 2023 |title=A jury finds Trump liable for battery and defamation in E. Jean Carroll trial |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/05/09/1174975870/trump-carroll-verdict |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> na $83.3 miliyoni pa unyake.<ref name="uphold">{{cite news |last=Offenhartz |first=Jake |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-appeal-award-d587004df6f7c46ec4a17b563a38bfa9 |title=Appeals court upholds E. Jean Carroll's $83.3M defamation judgment against Trump |work=[[AP News]] |date=September 8, 2025 |access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> Makhoti gha apilo gha boma ghakakhozga vyeruzgo vyose na ndalama izo mu Disembala 2024 na Seputembala 2025, mwakulondezgana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Neumeister |first1=Larry |last2=Sisak |first2=Michael R. |date=December 30, 2024 |title=An appeals court upholds a $5 million award in a sexual abuse verdict against President-elect Trump |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-lawsuit-defamation-trial-78e4196024539653a6de492312770ff2 |access-date=December 31, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref name="uphold"/> Khoti Likuru la United States likakana apilo la Trump pa mulandu wakwamba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Supreme Court rejects Trump’s push to toss $5 million verdict in E. Jean Carroll sexual abuse case |last=Whitehurst |first=Lindsay |date=June 29, 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-supreme-court-e-jean-carroll-sexual-abuse-1a50d1e9e1d12898e78e0803c4627771 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=June 29, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2022, [[New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization|boma la New York likamusumba pa mulandu wa boma]] Trump, likamupa mulandu wakuti wakakwezga mwakuteska mtengo wa Trump Organization kuti wasange chandulo kwa ŵakubwerekeska ndalama na mabanki.<ref>{{cite news |last=Scannell |first=Kara |date=September 21, 2022 |title=New York attorney general files civil fraud lawsuit against Trump, some of his children and his business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/21/politics/trump-new-york-attorney-general-letitia-james-fraud-lawsuit/index.html |access-date=September 21, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref name="TF">{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |date=February 17, 2024 |title=Trump Fraud Trial Penalty Will Exceed $450 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/16/nyregion/trump-civil-fraud-trial-ruling.html |access-date=February 17, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu ndipo likamulangura kulipira pafupifupi $355 miliyoni pamoza na chiwongoladzanja.<ref name="TF" /> Mu Ogasiti 2025, khoti la apilo likakhozga mulandu wake na vilango vinyake vyambura ndalama, kweni likafumiskapo chilango cha ndalama chifukwa chikawoneka kuti chikaŵa chikuru chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/nyregion/trump-fraud-james.html |title=Divided Court Eliminates Trump's Half-Billion-Dollar Fine in Fraud Case |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 21, 2025 |access-date=August 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwa Trump kuwuska vyakufuma mu visola vya 2020 na umo wakachitikirapo pa kuwukira kwa January&nbsp;6, mu Disembala 2022 [[United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack|komiti ya Nyumba ya Ŵimiliri ya United States pa kuwukira kwa January 6]] yikapempha kuti wapikike milandu ya [[obstructing an official proceeding|kunanga ntchito ya boma]], kukhozga panji kovwira kuwukira boma, na [[conspiracy to defraud the United States|kupangana kuti wabere United States]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 19, 2022 |title=It's Unclear Whether the Justice Dept. Will Take Up the Jan. 6 Panel's Charges |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/19/us/politics/jan-6-trump-justice-dept.html |access-date=March 25, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Ogasiti 2023, jury likuru ku [[Fulton County, Georgia]] likamupa milandu 13, kusazgapo [[Georgia election racketeering prosecution|racketeering]], chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwake kunanga visola vya 2020 mu boma ili.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowell |first1=Hugo |last2=Wicker |first2=Jewel |date=August 15, 2023 |title=Donald Trump and allies indicted in Georgia over bid to reverse 2020 election loss |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/14/donald-trump-georgia-indictment-2020-election |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Drenon |first=Brandon |date=August 25, 2023 |title=What are the charges in Trump's Georgia indictment? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66503668 |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Mulandu uwu ukalekeka mu Novembala 2025 pamanyuma pakuti mupharazgi muphya wa boma wakakana kulondezga milandu iyi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fausset |first1=Richard |last2=Hakim |first2=Danny |title=Judge Dismisses Georgia Election Interference Case Against Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/26/us/trump-georgia-election-racketeering.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 26, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu ghake, agho ghakachemanga ŵalwani ŵake ŵandale kuti "murwani", viyuni vyakofya, kweniso ŵafasisti, ghakalongosoreka na ŵanyake ŵakulemba mbiri na ŵasambiri kuti ghakaŵa gha ulamuliro wa nkhongono, gha [[Donald Trump and fascism|ufasisti]],<ref> * {{cite news |title=Trump campaign defends "vermin" speech amid fascist comparisons |url=https://www.axios.com/2023/11/13/trump-vermin-fascist-language-speech |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |date=November 13, 2023 |last=Basu |first=Zachary |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |last=Browning |first=Christopher R. |date=July 25, 2023 |title=A New Kind of Fascism |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/07/trump-second-term-isolationist-fascism/674791/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |title=Trump compares political opponents to 'vermin' who he will 'root out', alarming historians |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-compares-political-opponents-vermin-root-alarming-historians/story?id=104847748 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=November 13, 2023 |last1=Kim |first1=Soo Rin |last2=Ibssa |first2=Lalee |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |last=Ward |first=Myah |date=October 12, 2024 |title=We watched 20 Trump rallies. His racist, anti-immigrant messaging is getting darker. |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/12/trump-racist-rhetoric-immigrants-00183537 |access-date=October 12, 2024}} </ref> ndipo ghakaŵa ghakupambana na chilichose icho munthu wakupenja udindo wa ndale wali kuyowoyapo kale mu mbiri ya United States.<ref name="NYMag Never Sounded Like This">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/27/magazine/trump-rallies-rhetoric.html |title=Donald Trump Has Never Sounded Like This |work=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |date=April 27, 2024 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |last1=Homans |first1=Charles |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Lerer 10152024" /><ref name="Applebaum18">{{cite news |last=Applebaum |first=Anne |author-link=Anne Applebaum |date=October 18, 2024 |title=Trump Is Speaking Like Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini |work=[[The Atlantic]] |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2024/10/trump-authoritarian-rhetoric-hitler-mussolini/680296/ |access-date=October 18, 2024}}</ref> [[Age and health concerns about Donald Trump|Nkhawa pa vya msinkhu na umoyo wa Trump]] nazo zikawonekanga pa nyengo ya kampeni, apo ŵadokotala ŵanandi ŵakalongora kuti wakaŵa kwamba kuyowoya mwambura kulongosoka makora, [[tangential speech|kuyowoya kupatuka pa nkhani]], na [[Disinhibition|kuleka kujikora pa nkharo]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Freedman |first2=Dylan |date=October 6, 2024 |title=Trump's Speeches, Increasingly Angry and Rambling, Reignite the Question of Age |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/06/us/politics/trump-speeches-age-cognitive-decline.html |access-date=November 6, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakayowoya mazgu ghakuti "chisola chakunangiska" na "kunjilirapo pa chisola" nyengo zzinandi kweniso mwaluŵiro mu kampeni ya 2024 kuluska umo wakachitira mu makampeni gha 2016 na 2020.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lane |first1=Nathan |last2=Ulmer |first2=Alexandra |date=May 16, 2024 |title=Trump, allies are laying the groundwork to contest potential election loss |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-allies-are-laying-groundwork-contest-potential-election-loss-2024-05-16/ |access-date=September 12, 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="NYTDoubts">{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Smart |first2=Charlie |date=May 24, 2024 |title=Trump's Pattern of Sowing Election Doubt Intensifies in 2024 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/05/24/us/politics/trump-election-results-doubt.html |access-date=August 30, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa Julayi&nbsp;13, 2024, Trump wakapwetekeka pa khutu na chipolopolo pa [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania|kuyezga kumukoma]] pa ungano wa kampeni ku [[Butler Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania|Butler Township, Pennsylvania]].<ref name="Browne-2024">{{cite news |last1=Browne |first1=Malachy |last2=Lum |first2=Devon |last3=Cardia |first3=Alexander |date=July 26, 2024 |title=Speculation Swirls About What Hit Trump. An Analysis Suggests It was a Bullet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/26/us/politics/trump-shooter-bullet-trajectory-ear.html |access-date=July 29, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hutchinson |first1=Bill |last2=Cohen |first2=Miles |date=July 16, 2024 |title=Gunman opened fire at Trump rally as witnesses say they tried to alert police |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/witnesses-trump-assassination-attempt-gunman-roof-shooting/story?id=111947616 |access-date=July 17, 2024 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=July 14, 2024 |title=AP Photos: Shooting at Trump rally in Pennsylvania |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-rally-shooting-photo-gallery-561478b3f90c950c741eeaa24c6dc159 |access-date=July 23, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Mazuŵa ghaŵiri ghakati ghajumphapo, [[2024 Republican National Convention|2024 Republican National Convention]] yikamusankha kuŵa wakwimira chipani pa chisola cha pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last=Astor |first=Maggie |date=July 15, 2024 |title=What to Know About J.D. Vance, Trump's Running Mate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/who-is-jd-vance-trump-vp.html |access-date=July 15, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Seputembala, wakasangikaso pa [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Florida|kuyezga kunyake kumukoma]] ku Florida, kweni wakapwetekeka yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Debusmann |first1=Bernd Jr |last2=Yousif |first2=Nadine |date=September 23, 2024 |title=Suspect described Trump 'assassination attempt' in pre-written note |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c89ly20vvgvo |access-date=November 21, 2024 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Trump wakathereska chisola mu Novembala 2024 na mavoti 312 gha Electoral College kuluska 226 gha vice president uyo wakaŵapo, Kamala Harris.<ref>{{cite news |title=2024 Presidential Election Results |url=https://apnews.com/projects/election-results-2024/ |date=November 25, 2024 |access-date=November 25, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Wakasangaso mavoti ghanandi gha ŵanthu wose na 49.8% apo Harris wakasanga 48.3%.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/resources/cms-content/documents/2024presgeresults.pdf |title=2024 Presidential Election Results |publisher=[[Federal Election Commission]] |date=January 16, 2025 |access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref> Kuthereska kwake mu 2024 kukachitika chomene chifukwa cha [[2021–2023 inflation surge|kukwera kwa mitengo pakati pa 2021 na 2023]].<ref name="Global Politics">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/global-politics-conservative-right-shift-ea0e8d05 |title=The Progressive Moment in Global Politics is Over |date=December 27, 2024 |access-date=December 27, 2024 |first1=Bertrand |last1=Benoit |first2=David |last2=Luhnow |first3=Vipal |last3=Monga |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Burn-Murdoch |first=John |date=December 29, 2024 |title=What the 'year of democracy' taught us, in 6 charts |url=https://www.ft.com/content/350ba985-bb07-4aa3-aa5e-38eda7c525dd |access-date=December 30, 2024 |work=[[Financial Times]] |quote=The billions who voted in 2024 sent an angry message to incumbents, and warmed to populists on left and right}}</ref> Mabungwe ghanandi gha nkhani ghakalongosora kuti kuweleraso kwake pa udindo uwu kukaŵa kwakuziziswa chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sheerin |first1=Jude |last2=Murphy |first2=Matt |date=November 6, 2024 |title=Trump pulls off historic White House comeback |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62l5zdv7zko |access-date=November 9, 2024 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Zeke |author-link1=Zeke Miller |last2=Price |first2=Michelle L. |last3=Weissert |first3=Will |last4=Colvin |first4=Jill |date=November 6, 2024 |title=Trump wins the White House in political comeback rooted in appeals to frustrated voters |url=https://apnews.com/article/election-day-trump-harris-white-house-83c8e246ab97f5b97be45cdc156af4e2 |access-date=November 9, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> == Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri (2025–sono) == {{main|[[Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri wa Donald Trump|Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri wa Donald Trump]]}} {{for timeline|[[Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies#Second presidency (2025–present)|Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies#Second presidency (2025–present)]]}} [[File:Donald Trump takes the oath of office (2025) (alternate).jpg|thumb|Wakulapa [[Oath of office of the President of the United States|chilapo cha pulezidenti]], chakulongozgeka na Chief Justice [[John Roberts]], pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2025]] Trump wakamba nyengo yake yachiŵiri pa [[Second inauguration of Donald Trump|kuŵikika kwake pa udindo]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2025.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morgan |first1=David |last2=Borter |first2=Gabriella |last3=Mason |first3=Jeff |last4=Ax |first4=Joseph |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Trump sworn in a second time, says he was 'saved by God' to rescue America |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/triumphant-trump-returns-white-house-launching-new-era-upheaval-2025-01-20/ |access-date=January 20, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakazgoka [[List of presidents of the United States by age|pulezidenti muchekuru chomene uyo wali kunjira pa udindo]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Hussein |first=Mohamed H. |date=January 20, 2025 |title=How does Trump's age at inauguration compare with other presidents? |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/1/20/how-does-trumps-age-at-inauguration-compare-to-other-presidents |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> pulezidenti wakwamba kusangika na mulandu wa felony, kweniso munthu wachiŵiri kuteŵetera nyengo ziŵiri zakupatukana nga ni pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ogwude |first1=Haadiza |last2=Page |first2=Susan |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Is Donald Trump the oldest president sworn into office? A look at his historic feats |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2025/01/20/who-is-the-oldest-president-to-be-sworn-in-donald-trump/77776042007/ |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakasora ŵanandi awo ŵakalemba Project 2025 kuti ŵaŵe mu boma lake lachiŵiri;<ref>{{cite news |last1=Alfonseca |first1=Kiara |last2=Faulders |first2=Katherine |title=How Trump has infused parts of Project 2025 into his administration |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-project-2025-administration/story?id=116019369 |access-date=February 4, 2025 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=December 9, 2024}}</ref> pamanyuma pa chaka chakwamba cha nyengo yake yachiŵiri, pafupifupi hafu ya ndondomeko za pulojekiti iyi zikagwiriskirika ntchito.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ordoñez |first=Franco |url=https://www.npr.org/2026/01/19/nx-s1-5640006/trump-has-rolled-out-many-of-the-project-2025-policies-he-once-claimed-ignorance-about |title=Trump has rolled out many of the Project 2025 policies he once claimed ignorance about |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 19, 2026 |access-date=April 11, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Wendling |first=Mike |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yvvjw8pdvo |title=From Venezuela to immigration crackdown, Project 2025 provided Trump's roadmap |work=[[BBC News]] |date=February 26, 2026 |access-date=April 11, 2026}}</ref> Pakulongosora mphindano zake na mazaza gha makhoti, ''The New York Times'' yikati kuyezga kwake kusazgirako nkhongono za pulezidenti ni chimanyikwiro chikuru cha nyengo yake yachiŵiri.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/20/us/politics/trump-power-courts-crisis.html |title=How Trump Is Trying to Consolidate Power Over Courts, Congress and More |first1=Erica L. |last1=Green |first2=Zolan |last2=Kanno-Youngs |author-link2=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |first3=Maggie |last3=Haberman |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 20, 2025 |access-date=March 20, 2025 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Nyengo yachiŵiri ya Trump yikaŵa na kupharazga ndondomeko zakupambanapambana, kuchedweskeka, kweniso kusintha ivyo vikachitika, ndipo vikapangiska kuti lizgu lakuti "[[Trump Always Chickens Out|TACO]]" liyambe kugwiriskirika ntchito pakulongosora umo wakachitiranga.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/chaos-confusion-reversals-trump-second-term-rcna200649 |title=Chaos, confusion and reversals: The story of Trump's second term so far |first=Peter |last=Nicholas |date=April 14, 2025 |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=April 25, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Kinsey |date=January 22, 2026 |title=Trump's Greenland deal has some saying TACO again. What does it mean? |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2026/01/22/donald-trump-taco-greenland-davos-deal/88298149007/ |access-date=April 25, 2026}}</ref> === Ivyo wakachita pakwamba === {{see also|First 100 days of the second Trump presidency}} Pambere pajumphapo mwezi umoza kufika pa mazuŵa 100 gha nyengo yachiŵiri ya Trump, wakaŵa kuti [[List of executive orders in the second Trump presidency|wasaina ma executive order ghanandi]] kuluska pulezidenti waliyose wa United States mu mazuŵa ghakwamba 100 gha ulamuliro wake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doan |first1=Laura |last2=Ingram |first2=Julia |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-issues-record-100-executive-order-of-second-term-breakdown/ |title=Trump issues record 100th executive order within first 100 days of term. Here's a breakdown. |work=[[CBS News]] |date=March 26, 2025 |access-date=November 8, 2025}}</ref> Kufika pakati pa Janyuwale 2026, ma order na vyakuchita vyake vikakwimikana na milandu yakujumpha 550 mu makhoti mu charu chose. Pa milandu iyi, awo ŵakamusumanga ŵakapunda pa milandu 195, boma likapunda pa milandu 109, milandu 16 yikaŵa na vyeruzgo vyakupambana, milandu 228 yikaŵa yindamalizgike, ndipo milandu 25 yikajalika.<ref>{{cite web |date=January 12, 2026 |title=Litigation Tracker: Legal Challenges to Trump Administration Actions |url=https://www.justsecurity.org/107087/tracker-litigation-legal-challenges-trump-administration/ |access-date=January 13, 2026 |website=[[Just Security]]}}</ref> Ŵeruzgi awo ŵakasankhika na ma Republican na ma Democrat wose ŵakasanga kuti ndondomeko zinandi za boma la Trump zikaŵa na ubudi wa malango gha Dango Likuru na malango ghanyake gha boma.<ref>Multiple sources: * {{cite news |last1=Parker |first1=Ned |last2=Spector |first2=Mike |last3=Eisler |first3=Peter |last4=So |first4=Linda |last5=Raymond |first5=Nate |title=These judges ruled against Trump. Then their families came under attack. |url=https://www.reuters.com/investigations/these-judges-ruled-against-trump-then-their-families-came-under-attack-2025-05-02/ |access-date=August 9, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=May 2, 2025}} * {{cite news |last1=Blake |first1=Aaron |title=It's not just 'leftist' judges. GOP appointees have many sharp words for Trump. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/04/24/republican-judges-oppose-trump/ |access-date=August 9, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=April 24, 2025}} * {{cite news |author=The Editorial Board |title= 'Egregious'. 'Brazen'. 'Lawless'. How 48 Judges Describe Trump's Actions, in Their Own Words |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/07/12/opinion/editorials/federal-judges-quotes-trump-administration.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 9, 2025 |access-date=August 9, 2025}}</ref> Pamanyuma pakuti watondeka pa milandu yinandi ya makhoti, Trump wakasazgirako kususka kwake vyeruzgi ndipo wakachema kuti ŵeruzgi ŵa boma awo ŵakeruzga vyakususkana nayo ŵafumiskike pa maudindo ghawo mwa impeachment.<ref>{{cite news |last=Riccardi |first=Nicholas |date=March 16, 2025 |title=Trump administration ramps up rhetoric targeting the courts amid mounting legal setbacks |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-courts-judges-rule-of-law-85058a5ffcef105d4ea2ce0ef078f084 |access-date=March 20, 2025}}</ref> Kufika pakati pa Julayi 2025, kuwunika kwa ''[[Washington Post]]'' kukasanganga kuti wakakananga kupulikira ŵeruzgi na makhoti pa pafupifupi chigaŵa chimoza pa vitatu vya milandu yose iyo yikamukhwaskanga, ivyo ŵakumanya vya malango ŵakavichema kuti ni vyambura kuchitikapo kale pa boma lililose la pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last=Jouvenal |first=Justin |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Trump officials accused of defying 1 in 3 judges who ruled against him |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/07/21/trump-court-orders-defy-noncompliance-marshals-judges/ |url-access=limited |access-date=August 1, 2025}}</ref> Boma lake likati lili na wanangwa wa mu Dango Likuru wakuleka kulondezga malango gha boma pakulongosora vinyake ivyo likachitanga, nga nkhuleka kulondezga [[Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act|dango la boma lakukanizga TikTok]], apo ŵakumanya vya malango ŵakati ichi chikung'anamura kuti likujipa "nkhongono ya mu Dango Likuru yakupa wanangwa makampani panji ŵanthu kuchita vinthu vyambura kuzomerezgeka na dango kwambura kulangika".<ref>{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=July 3, 2025 |title=Trump Claims Sweeping Power to Nullify Laws, Letters on TikTok Ban Show |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/03/us/politics/trump-bondi-tiktok-executive-power.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=August 23, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode |last=Lucas |first=Ryan |date=March 19, 2025 |title=Experts say Trump's targeting of law firms is unprecedented |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/03/19/nx-s1-5323890/experts-say-trumps-targeting-of-law-firms-is-unprecedented |series=[[All Things Considered]] |work=[[NPR News]] |access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Scarcella |first1=Mike |last2=Merken |first2=Sara |last3=Sloan |first3=Karen |date=March 21, 2025 |title=Law firm Paul Weiss defends deal with Trump as lawyers sound alarm |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/trumps-deal-with-law-firm-paul-weiss-sparks-alarm-among-lawyers-2025-03-21/ |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=April 13, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === [[Kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha (2025–sono)|Kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha (2025–sono)]] === {{further|[[Second presidency of Donald Trump#Ethics|Second presidency of Donald Trump]]|[[Cryptocurrency in the second Trump presidency]]}} Nyengo yachiŵiri ya ulamuliro wa Trump yikulongosoreka kuti yikaŵa na vigeŵenga vichoko vyakuvikilira ku kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha kuluska nyengo yake yakwamba,<ref name="Yourish 2025">{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Lipton |first2=Eric |author-link2=Eric Lipton |last3=Gamio |first3=Lazaro |date=January 17, 2025 |title=An Illustrated Guide to Trump's Conflict of Interest Risks |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/01/17/us/politics/trump-conflicts-of-interest.html |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Schouten 2025">{{cite news |last=Schouten |first=Fredreka |date=January 8, 2025 |title=Gold-plated watches and electoral map sneakers: Trump's newest merchandise raises conflict of interest questions |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/08/politics/trump-conflicts-of-interest-second-term/index.html |access-date=January 18, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> kuswa miyambo ya nkharo yiwemi iyo yikakhala kwa vyaka vinandi,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lipton |first1=Eric |author-link1=Eric Lipton |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=February 17, 2025 |title=With Congress Pliant, an Emboldened Trump Pushes His Business Interests |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/17/us/politics/trump-ethics-conflicts-business-adams.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo yikapangiska ŵanthu ŵanandi kufipa mtima na katangale.<ref name="Savage 05122025">{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=May 12, 2025 |title=Trump's Plan to Take Jet From Qatar Heightens Corruption Concerns |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/12/us/trump-qatar-jet-plane.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 18, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Stringer |first1=Connor |last2=Lawford |first2=Melissa |date=May 18, 2025 |title='It's open season for corruption': How Trump turned the White House into a cash cow |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2025/05/18/trump-turned-white-house-cash-machine/ |access-date=May 18, 2025 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuŵa na kampani ya pa msika wa masheya ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group]], ndipo wakayisazgirapo ntchito za ndalama.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump Media launches FinTech services brand amid crypto boom |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/trump-media-launches-fintech-services-brand-2025-01-29/ |date=January 29, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakapenja mapangano ghaphya gha malo gha nyumba mu vyaru vinyake agho ghakakhwaskanga mabungwe agho ghakaŵa pamoza na maboma, ndipo wakaŵaso na mapangano ghanandi gha branding na licensing gha kuguliska vinthu vya mtundu wa Trump.<ref name="Yourish 2025"/> Wakasanganga ndalama kufuma ku vyakuchitika pa mahotelo ghake na pa malo ghake ghakuseŵerako gofu, ndipo wakaŵika yayi usambazi wake mu ''blind trust'', nga umo mapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵakachitiranga.<ref name="Schouten 1232025">{{cite news |last=Schouten |first=Fredreka |date=January 23, 2025 |title='The gloves are off': Trump appears poised to cash in from his presidency in new ways |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/23/politics/ethics-business-trump-presidency/index.html}}</ref> Wakachita malonda gha masheya ghanandi chomene mu makampani agho ghakaŵa na malonda ghanandi na boma la federal, ghakukwana mazana ghanandi gha mamiliyoni gha madola mu malonda ghakujumpha masauzandi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Becket |first1=Stefan |last2=Manthey |first2=Grace |last3=Ingram |first3=Julia |date=June 15, 2026 |title=Explore Trump's 3,600 stock trades from the first 3 months of 2026 |work=[[CBS News]] |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/projects/2026/trump-stock-trades/}}</ref> Trump wakambiska, wakalimbikiska, ndipo wakapindulanga yekha na [[The Trump Organization#Other ventures and investments|ma token ghaŵiri gha cryptocurrency]] ("[[meme coin]]"), [[$Trump]] na $Melania.<ref name="Weissert 1222025">{{cite news |last=Weissert |first=Will |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Trump has canceled Biden's ethics rules. Critics call it the opposite of 'drain the swamp' |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-revokes-ethics-rules-drain-swamp-b8e3ba0f98c9c60af11a8e70cbc902bd |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Suderman |first=Alan |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-crypto-meme-coin-token-75bf67ef9e6e54bf455f2f9f03470be3 |title=Trump promotes new meme coin before taking office on pro-crypto agenda |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 19, 2025 |access-date=May 10, 2025}}</ref> Wakapindulaso na kampani ya cryptocurrency ya mbumba yake ya [[World Liberty Financial]], iyo yikasazga pamoza bizinesi ya munthu yekha na ndondomeko za boma mu nthowa yambura kuchitikapo kale.<ref name="Lipton 04292025">{{cite news |last1=Lipton |first1=Eric |author-link1=Eric Lipton |last2=Yaffe-Ballany |first2=David |last3=Protess |first3=Ben |date=April 29, 2025 |title=Secret Deals, Foreign Investments, Presidential Policy Changes: The Rise of Trump's Crypto Firm |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/29/us/politics/trump-crypto-world-liberty-financial.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kufika mu Juni 2026, kuwunika kwa Reuters kukati Trump na mbumba yake ŵakasanga ndalama zakukwana US$2.3 biliyoni kufuma ku mabizinesi ghawo gha crypto, apo ŵakuguliska ŵanyake ŵakataya ndalama zakuyana waka na izi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bergin |first1=Tom |last2=Conlin |first2=Michelle |last3=Qing |first3=Koh Gui |last4=Wilson |first4=Tom |date=June 9, 2026 |title=Under the Trump crypto playbook, the family always wins. Investors don't |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/investigations/under-trump-crypto-playbook-family-always-wins-investors-dont-2026-06-09/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Sayansi ==== {{main|2025 United States federal government grant pause}} Trump wakalekeska na kulekeska ndalama za boma (federal grants) ndipo wakachepeska chomene ndalama zakovwira kafukufuku wa sayansi,<ref>{{cite news |last=Casselman |first=Ben |author-link=Ben Casselman |date=March 31, 2025 |title=Trump's Science Policies Pose Long-Term Risk, Economists Warn |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/31/business/economy/trump-research-cutbacks-economy.html |url-access=limited |access-date=April 3, 2025}}</ref> ndipo ŵeruzgi na [[Government Accountability Office]] ŵakasanga kuti vinyake mwa ivyo wakachita vikaŵa vyakususka dango ndiposo vyakususka Dango Likuru la United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Waldman |first=Annie |date=June 17, 2025 |title=Federal Judge Deems Trump Administration's Termination of NIH Grants Illegal |work=[[ProPublica]] |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-nih-grant-terminations-illegal |access-date=August 16, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Fischler |first=Jacob |date=August 7, 2025 |title=Trump illegally froze 1,800 NIH medical research grants, Congress' watchdog says |work=[[Government Executive]] |url=https://www.govexec.com/oversight/2025/08/trump-illegally-froze-1800-nih-medical-research-grants-congress-watchdog-says/407296/ |access-date=January 24, 2026}}</ref> Trump pamoza na ndondomeko ya boma lake ya [[Make America Healthy Again]] ŵakakhozga maghanoghano ghakususkana na sayansi ([[anti-science]]) kweniso kampeni zakususka katemera ([[anti-vaccine activism]]), ivyo vikapangiska kuti matenda nga whooping cough na measles ghaleke kuchepa ndipo ghambe kusazgikaso.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Michelle R. |last2=Ungar |first2=Laura |date=October 21, 2025 |title=Anti-science bills hit statehouses, stripping away public health protections built over a century |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/vaccines-fluoride-kennedy-trump-science-antiscience-legislation-73af8e65f407331e8f31b2909812a004 |access-date=October 22, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sun |first1=Lena H. |last2=Diamond |first2=Dan |date=September 23, 2025 |title=Trump's escalating attacks on vaccines shock public health leaders |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2025/09/23/trump-vaccines-autism-mmr-schedule/ |access-date=October 22, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Vinthu vya vyakofya vya charu/ndondomeko ya umoyo ==== Trump wakagwiliskiranga ntchito kulengeza vyakofya vya charu (national emergencies) kuti walongore chifukwa cha kuchitira vinthu vinandi ndiposo kujumpha kuzomerezgeka na Congress panji kuwunikika na mabungwe ghakulaŵilira malango.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Smart |first2=Charlie |date=August 22, 2025 |title=How Trump Used 10 Emergency Declarations to Justify Hundreds of Actions |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/08/22/us/politics/trump-emergency-immigration-tariffs-crime.html |access-date=August 23, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mwachiyelezgero, wakalengeza kuti mu charu mukaŵa suzgo la vyamphamvu (national energy emergency), ivyo vikazomerezga kulekeska malango ghakovwira kusungilira chilengiwa, kulekelera malango ghakukhwaskana na kukumba mafuta gha fossil fuel, kweniso kuchepeska mapulojekiti gha magesi ghakufuma ku vyakuthupi vyakuweleraso (renewable energy).<ref>{{cite news |last=Elliott |first=Rebecca F. |title=Oil Companies Embrace Trump, but Not 'Drill, Baby, Drill' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/27/business/energy-environment/oil-trump-drill-baby-drill.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 27, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Brady |first=Jeff |title=Trump's energy emergency is a gift to fossil fuel firms. It's likely headed to court |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/01/22/nx-s1-5269717/trump-energy-emergency-climate |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 22, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref> Mu ulamuliro wake wakwamba, Trump wakafumiska United States mu [[Paris Agreement]] pa nkhani ya kusintha kwa nyengo. [[Presidency of Joe Biden|Joe Biden]] wakaweleramo mu phangano ili mu 2021, kweni Trump wakalifumiskaso charu ichi mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Daly |first1=Matthew |last2=Borenstein |first2=Seth |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Trump signs executive order directing US withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement — again |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-paris-agreement-climate-change-788907bb89fe307a964be757313cdfb0 |access-date=January 23, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> ==== Vinthu vya mu chikaya ==== Trump wakatimbanga masuzgo gha mu chikaya pa ndondomeko za [[diversity, equity, and inclusion]] (DEI) na maghanoghano gha [[Woke#United States|wokeness]].<ref name="Green250203">{{cite news |last=Green |first=Erica L. |date=February 3, 2025 |title=As Trump Attacks Diversity, a Racist Undercurrent Surfaces |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/03/us/politics/trump-diversity-racism.html |access-date=February 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pakuyaniska kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵamitundu yakupambanapambana na kuleka kumanya ntchito,<ref name="Green250203" /> wakawuskapo ndondomeko za boma la federal zakukhozga kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵamitundu yakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Erica L. |last2=Aleaziz |first2=Hamed |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Federal Workers Ordered to Report on Colleagues Over D.E.I. Crackdown |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/politics/trump-order-discrimination-federal-hiring.html |access-date=February 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hurley |first=Lawrence |date=February 3, 2025 |title=Under Trump, conservatives reignite a battle over race and the Constitution |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-conservatives-reignite-battle-race-constitution-rcna189842 |access-date=February 4, 2025}}</ref> Wakawopsyezgaso mabungwe gha chikhalidwe chifukwa cha nkhani za DEI,<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's changes to the Smithsonian are the latest in his takeover of the arts |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/03/29/nx-s1-5333720/trumps-changes-to-the-smithsonian-are-the-latest-in-his-takeover-of-the-arts |last1=Blair |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Simon |first2=Scott |author-link2=Scott Simon |date=March 29, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> kweniso mayunivesite 60 pa nkhani yakuti ghakalephera kulimbana na kususka Ŵayuda (antisemitism),<ref name="WSJed">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/anti-semitism-task-force-who-247c234e |title=The Little-Known Bureaucrats Tearing Through American Universities |last1=Whyte |first1=Liz Essley |last2=Belkin |first2=Douglas |last3=Randazzo |first3=Sara |date=April 14, 2025 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ndipo wakachichizga makampani gha maloya kuti ghazomerezgane na ndondomeko zake za ndale.<ref name="APfirms">{{cite news |last=Tucker |first=Eric |date=April 11, 2025 |title=Trump reaches deals with 5 law firms, allowing them to avoid prospect of punishing executive orders |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-law-firms-executive-order-fe8f38a61cf77c5bb6add1315f5f96f1 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Wakakanizga ŵanthu ŵa transgender kunjira mu ŵasilikari [[Persecution of transgender people under the second Trump administration|kwizira mu malango gha pulezidenti na vinthu vinyake]];<ref>{{cite news |last=Neff |first=Cy |title=US to begin immediate removal of up to 1,000 trans military members |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/may/08/trump-pentagon-trans-military-ban |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 9, 2025 |access-date=October 1, 2025}}</ref> wakachepeska panji kulekeska ndalama zakovwira munkhwala wakovwira kusintha thupi mwakukolerana na jenda (gender-affirming healthcare); wakasuska [[inclusive language]];<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Daniel |first2=Annie |last3=Datar |first3=Saurabh |last4=White |first4=Isaac |last5=Gamio |first5=Lazaro |title=These Words Are Disappearing in the New Trump Administration |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/03/07/us/trump-federal-agencies-websites-words-dei.html |access-date=September 10, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakakanizga vinthu vya kafukufuku na masambiro;<ref>{{cite news |last=Hansford |first=Amelia |date=August 27, 2025 |title=US government orders 46 states to destroy trans education materials |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2025/08/27/trans-education-us-state-directive/ |access-date=September 1, 2025 |work=[[PinkNews]]}}</ref> wakasuzga masukulu, mayunivesite na mabungwe gha chikhalidwe agho boma lake likati ghakukhozga icho likachemanga kuti "gender ideology";<ref name="npr-ideology">{{cite news |last=Kurtzleben |first=Danielle |date=February 7, 2025 |title=Trump's executive actions curbing transgender rights focus on 'gender ideology' |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/g-s1-46893/trump-anti-trans-rights-executive-action-gender-ideology-confusion |access-date=February 16, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> wakakanizga ŵaseŵera ŵa transgender kuchita maseŵero, ndipo wakalangura kuti mapasipoti gha United States ghasonyezgenge kugonana uko munthu wakababikira, m'malo mwa jenda ilo wakujimanyiska nalo.<ref>{{cite news |date=November 17, 2025 |last=Harmon |first=Amy |author-link=Amy Harmon |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=New Passport Rule Sends Blunt and Sweeping Message to Trans Americans |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/17/us/transgender-passports-supreme-court.html |access-date=November 19, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== One Big Beautiful Bill Act ==== {{main|One Big Beautiful Bill Act}} Mu Julayi 2025, Trump wakasaina dango la One Big Beautiful Bill Act kuti liŵe dango la boma. Dango ili likapangiska kuti kuchepeskeka kwa misonkho uko kukapelekeka mwanyengo yichoko waka mu [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act]] ya 2017 kuŵe kwamuyirayira, ndipo likasazgirapo vinyake vyakuchepeskera misonkho vyakukwana pafupifupi madola thiriliyoni 4.5, ivyo vikawovwira chomene ŵanthu ŵakusanga ndalama zinandi, apo ŵanthu ŵakusanga ndalama zichoko ŵakaghanaghanikanga kuti ŵataye madola 1,600 pa chaka. Dango ili likasazgirako ndalama za kuvikilira charu, kufumiska ŵanthu mu charu (deportations), kuzenga mpanda wa mphaka, kweniso ndondomeko ya Trump ya [[Golden Dome (missile defense system)|Golden Dome]] yakuvikilira charu ku ma missile. Likafumiskapo ndalama zakuwelera misonkho (tax credits) pa magesi ghakufuma ku mphepo na dazi kweniso kwa ŵanthu awo ŵakugura magalimoto gha magetsi. Dango ili likachepeskaso ndalama za [[Medicaid]] na [[Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program|SNAP]], ndipo likasazgirapo mphango zinyake zakuti munthu waŵe wakwenelera kupokera wovwiri, kweniso malipiro gha madola 35 pa mauteŵeti ghanyake gha Medicaid. Kuchepeska ndalama na mphango ziphya izi vikeneranga kwamba kugwira ntchito pamanyuma pa visola vya charu chose vya 2026. [[Congressional Budget Office]] yikaghanaghana kuti dango ili lisazgirenge ngongoli ya boma na madola thiriliyoni 3.4 kufika mu 2034, ŵanthu mamiliyoni 11.8 ŵataye wovwiri wa Medicaid, ndipo ŵanthu mamiliyoni 3 ŵalekenge kupokera wovwiri wa SNAP.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Freking |first1=Kevin |last2=Mascaro |first2=Lisa |url=https://apnews.com/article/what-is-republican-trump-tax-bill-f65be44e1050431a601320197322551b |title=What's in the tax and spending bill that Trump has signed into law |work=[[AP News]] |date=July 3, 2025 |access-date=July 12, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Romm |first1=Tony |last2=Duehren |first2=Andrew |last3=Sanger-Katz |first3=Margot |last4=Plumer |first4=Brad |last5=Wood |first5=Daniel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/02/us/politics/tax-cuts-benefit-cuts.html |title=Tax Cuts Now, Benefit Cuts Later: The Timeline in the Republican Megabill |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 2, 2025 |access-date=July 12, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Kusamukira mu charu (2025–sono) === {{main|Ndondomeko ya kusamukira mu charu ya boma lachiŵiri la Trump|Kufumiska ŵanthu mu charu mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} {{further|Mexico–United States border crisis#Second Trump administration (2025–present)|Mexico–United States border wall#Second Trump administration (2025–present)|Visa and deportation controversies in the second Trump administration}} Mu mazuŵa ghakwambilira gha ulamuliro wake, Trump wakalangura ŵantchito ŵa Border Patrol kuti ŵafumiskenge mwaluŵiro ŵanthu awo ŵakanjiranga mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka kwizira pa mphaka, ndipo wakaleka kugwiliskira ntchito pulogiramu ya [[CBP One]] iyo yikagwiliskirikanga ntchito pakunozga nyengo yakujumphira pa mphaka. Trump wakawelereskaso ndondomeko ya [[Remain in Mexico]], wakachema magulu gha ŵanthu ŵakuchita malonda gha munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo kuti ni magulu gha uchigeŵenga (terrorist groups), ndipo wakalangura kuti ntchito yakuzenga mpanda wa pa mphaka yiyambeso.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bustillo |first=Ximena |title=Trump signs sweeping actions on immigration and border security on Day 1 |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/01/20/g-s1-43650/trump-inauguration-day-one-immigration |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 20, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref><ref name="Cbsjan28">{{cite news |last=Montoya-Galvez |first=Camilo |title=Trump's sweeping immigration crackdown targets some legal means to enter U.S., too |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-migrants-crackdown-legal-immigration/ |website=[[CBS News]] |date=January 28, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref> Wakafumiskaso udindo wa parole wa ŵanthu awo ŵakanjira mu United States kwizira mu CBP One, ndipo wakamalizga [[Parole for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans|humanitarian parole]] ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Cuba, Haiti na Nicaragua.<ref name="Cbsjan28" /> Mu Malichi 2025, wakagwiliskira ntchito [[Alien Enemies Act]] ya 1798 kuti [[March 2025 American deportations of Venezuelans|wafumiske ŵanthu ŵakusama mu charu kwambura kuŵeruzgika]], kuti ŵakakakike ku [[Terrorism Confinement Center]] ku El Salvador.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Renteria |first1=Nelson |last2=O'Boyle |first2=Brendan |last3=Cortes |first3=Raul |date=March 20, 2025 |title=Explainer: What is El Salvador's mega-prison holding Venezuelans deported from the US? |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/what-is-el-salvadors-mega-prison-that-could-take-us-criminals-2025-02-04/ |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakasuzga ŵanthu ŵakachitanga kampeni, ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu mwakuzomerezgeka, ŵalendo kweniso ŵasambiri awo ŵakaŵa na visa ndipo ŵakasuskanga ndondomeko zake panji ŵakakhozganga nkhani ya Palestine.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kanno-Youngs |first1=Zolan |author-link1=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |last2=Pager |first2=Tyler |last3=Aleaziz |first3=Hamed |date=March 21, 2025 |title=As Trump Broadens Crackdown, Focus Expands to Legal Immigrants and Tourists |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/21/us/politics/trump-immigration-visa-crackdown.html |access-date=March 29, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku America nawo ŵakakakika na kufumiskika mu charu.<ref>{{cite news |last=Danner |first=Chas |date=May 3, 2025 |title=All the U.S. Citizens Who've Been Caught Up in Trump's Immigration Crackdown |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/tracking-us-citizens-children-detained-deported-ice-trump-updates.html |access-date=May 4, 2025 |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Kampeni yake yakufumiska ŵanthu mu charu mwankhongono yikapangiska viwoneskero vikuru mu charu chose kweniso nkhondo pakati pa ŵanthu ŵakusama mu charu, ŵawoneskeri na ŵalara ŵa boma. Vinthu ivi vikakura chomene pamanyuma pakuti ŵalara ŵa boma ŵakakoma ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku America mu [[Operation Metro Surge]] mu Janyuwale 2026.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hesson |first1=Ted |last2=Cooke |first2=Kristina |date=January 10, 2026 |title=Trump's showy immigration enforcement leads to violent confrontations |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trumps-showy-immigration-enforcement-leads-violent-confrontations-2026-01-10/ |access-date=January 31, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rao |first1=Sonia A. |last2=Mayorquín |first2=Orlando |last3=Schweber |first3=Nate |last4=Watkins |first4=Rhianwen |last5=Bonamo |first5=Mark |date=January 30, 2026 |title=Protesters Denounce Trump Immigration Tactics in 'National Shutdown' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/30/us/minnesota-ice-protests-trump-immigration.html |access-date=January 31, 2026 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake (2025–sono) === {{main|Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake za boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} {{further|Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump|Nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States|Nkhondo ya malonda ya United States na Canada na Mexico ya 2025–2026|Kukhumba kusazgirako charu cha America mu nyengo ya Donald Trump|Nkhondo ya Iran ya 2026}} Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake za Trump mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri zikulongosoreka kuti zikaŵa zakukhumba kusazgirako malo gha United States (expansionism) kweniso za ufumu wa America (imperialism).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Colvin |first1=Jill |last2=Gillies |first2=Rob |date=January 9, 2025 |title=Trump, the 'America First' candidate, has a new preoccupation: Imperialism |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-imperialism-canada-panama-greenland-b4b53445dee97398b498b79eab54d49b |access-date=January 28, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Erlanger |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Erlanger |date=January 7, 2026 |title=Europe and Rest of World Try to Come to Terms With Trump the Imperialist |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/07/world/europe/trump-venezuela-greenland-ukraine-europe.html |access-date=January 19, 2026 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Boma lake likatemwa kugwiliskira ntchito nkhongono za nkhondo (hard power) kuti lifiske ndondomeko yake ya [[America First]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=February 2, 2025 |title=Trump Favors Blunt Force in Dealing With Foreign Allies and Enemies Alike |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/02/us/politics/trump-tariffs-migrants-power.html |access-date=September 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo likaparanya panji kuleka kovwira mabungwe gha mu charu na gha pa charu chose agho ghakakhumbanga kukhozga [[soft power]] ya America.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hvistendahl |first=Mar |date=July 23, 2025 |title=China Flexes Muscles at U.N. Cultural Agency, Just as Trump Walks Away |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/23/world/asia/unesco-china-us.html |access-date=September 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Basu |first1=Zachary |last2=Lawler |first2=Dave |date=July 17, 2025 |title=Trump's soft-power retreat scrambles U.S.-China race |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/07/17/trump-china-retreat-soft-power |access-date=September 7, 2025}}</ref> Ubwezi wa Trump na vyaru ivyo vikukolerana na United States ukaŵa wakwendera pa ivyo wangasanga, ndipo nyengo zinyake wakalongoranga kuleka kupwerera panji uchinkho kwa ŵabwezi ŵa America, apo wakapenjanga ubwezi uwemi na vyaru vinyake ivyo vikawonekanga nga mbalwani ŵa United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Erlanger |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Erlanger |date=February 27, 2025 |title=Indifference or Hostility? Trump's View of European Allies Raises Alarm |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/27/world/europe/trump-eu-allies.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 28, 2025}}</ref> [[File:President Trump and Ukrainian President Zelenskyy in Oval Office, Feb. 28, 2025.webm|thumb|thumbtime=43:14|Ungano wa Trump na [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]], Febuluwale 2025]] Mu Febuluwale 2025, Trump pamoza na Vice President Vance [[2025 Trump–Zelenskyy Oval Office meeting|ŵakasuska chomene pulezidenti wa Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] pa ungano uwo ukawoneskeka pa TV ndipo ukaŵa wakukangana chomene. Mabungwe gha nkhani ghakati uwu ukaŵa ukali wakwamba kuwonekera pakweru pakati pa pulezidenti wa United States na mutu wa boma la charu chinyake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Kevin |last2=Zeleny |first2=Jeff |author-link2=Jeff Zeleny |last3=Maher |first3=Kit |last4=Collins |first4=Kaitlan |author-link4=Kaitlan Collins |date=February 28, 2025 |title=Trump and Vance erupt at Zelensky in tense Oval Office meeting |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/02/28/politics/trump-zelensky-vance-oval-office/index.html |access-date=March 20, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=De Luce |first1=Dan |date=March 1, 2025 |title=Trump-Zelenskyy clash marks a defining turn away from U.S. defense of democracies |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/national-security/trump-zelenskyy-clash-marks-defining-turn-away-us-defense-democracies-rcna193975 |access-date=March 27, 2025 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Ndondomeko za chuma za Trump zikulongosoreka kuti zikaŵa za kukhozga katundu wa mu charu (protectionism), ndipo wakakhazikiska misonkho ya katundu (tariffs) ku vyaru vinandi, kusazgapo China, Canada na Mexico, awo mbabwezi ŵakuru ŵa malonda ŵa United States.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Swanson |first1=Ana |last2=Austen |first2=Ian |last3=Romero |first3=Simon |author-link3=Simon Romero |title=Trump's Tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China Snap Into Effect |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/04/business/economy/trump-tariffs-canada-mexico-china.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 4, 2025 |date=March 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakambiska nkhondo ya malonda pa charu chose, ndipo wakakhazikiska misonkho ya katundu yakukwera chomene kuluska iyo yikawonekanga kufuma pa nyengo ya [[Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act]] ya 1930, apo [[Great Depression]] yikambanga.<ref>{{cite news |last=Goldman |first=David |date=August 1, 2025 |title=Trump's new tariffs have no precedent in the modern era |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/08/01/economy/tariff-policy-trump-trade |access-date=August 8, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Romm |first=Tony |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/07/business/economy/trump-tariffs-trade-war.html |title=Staggering U.S. Tariffs Begin as Trump Widens Trade War |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 7, 2025 |access-date=August 9, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2026, Khoti Likuru la United States likadumura kuti misonkho iyo wakakhazikiska pasi pa [[International Emergency Economic Powers Act]] yikaŵa yakususkana na dango.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fritze |first1=John |last2=Cole |first2=Devan |last3=Buchwald |first3=Elizabeth |last4=Sneed |first4=Tierney Sneed |title=Supreme Court rules that Trump's sweeping emergency tariffs are illegal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/20/politics/supreme-court-tariffs |work=[[CNN]] |date=February 20, 2026 |access-date=February 20, 2026}}</ref> Trump kanandi wakawopsyezganga panji kukhazikiska misonkho ku vyaru ivyo vikaŵa pa mapangano na United States chifukwa chakuti vikasuskanga vilato vyake vya ndale.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wong |first1=Edward |author-link1=Edward Wong |last2=Pierson |first2=David |date=July 11, 2025 |title=Rubio and China's Top Envoy Vie for Influence in Asia Over Trump's Tariffs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/11/us/politics/china-us-asia-tariffs.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 24, 2025 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Boak |first1=Josh |last2=Burrows |first2=Emma |last3=Niemann |first3=Daniel |date=January 17, 2026 |title=Trump says 8 European countries will face 10% tariff for opposing US control of Greenland |url=https://apnews.com/article/denmark-greenland-us-trump-4ad99ea3975a8b62d37bd04961feda55 |access-date=January 19, 2026 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Ku Latin America, Trump wakachita nkhondo zakususkika na malango gha pa charu chose pa maboti agho wakatenge ghakaŵa gha ŵakwendeska munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo mu nyanja za pa charu chose,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodward |first1=Alex |date=September 3, 2025 |title=Trump's Venezuelan boat violated international law, experts warn |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-venezuela-drug-boat-attack-video-b2819566.html |access-date=September 3, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> ndipo wakalanguraso kuti ŵasilikali ŵanandi ŵatumike mu chigaŵa cha Caribbean.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chávez |first1=Steve |last2=Stott |first2=Michael |title=US naval build-up near Venezuela stokes tensions in Latin America |url=https://www.ft.com/content/50db68c8-59d2-4a2a-b2c3-7c8c88237763 |access-date=September 5, 2025 |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |date=August 28, 2025 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Novembala 2025, Trump wakagowokera pulezidenti wakale wa Honduras [[Juan Orlando Hernández]], uyo wakatumizgika ku United States mu 2022 ndipo wakakeruzgika vyaka 45 chifukwa cha munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo. Mu Janyuwale 2026, ŵasilikari ŵa United States ŵakakora pulezidenti wa Venezuela [[Nicolás Maduro]] mu [[2026 United States strikes in Venezuela#Capture of Maduro|nkhondo ya ŵasilikari mu Venezuela]] na kumutolera ku New York uko wakasuskika na mulandu wa munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Downs |first=Garrett |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/04/trump-venezuela-maduro-pardon-honduras.html |title=Trump admin pressed on pardon for ex-Honduras president after Venezuela's Maduro snatched |work=[[CNBC]] |date=January 4, 2026 |access-date=January 6, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2025, Trump [[Greenland crisis|wakawopsyezga kutora Greenland]], kusazgapo kugwiliskira ntchito ŵasilikari panji kukhazikiska misonkho ku vyaru vya ku Europe. Mu Janyuwale 2026, wakawoneka nga waleka mawopsyezgo agha ghaŵiri, wakati wafiska "ndondomeko yakwamba ya phangano la munthazi" na NATO.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jakes |first1=Lara |last2=Tankersley |first2=Jim |last3=Kanno-Youngs |first3=Zolan |author-link3=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/21/us/politics/trump-greenland-threats-diplomacy-force.html |title=Trump Says He Has Framework for Greenland Deal as NATO Mulls Idea of U.S. Sovereignty Over Bases |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 21, 2026 |access-date=February 4, 2026}}</ref> ==== Nkhondo za ku Middle East ==== {{main|Nkhondo za ku Middle East mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} Trump wakalutilira kukhozga Israel ndipo wakalutiliraso [[United States support for Israel in the Gaza war|kovwira Israel pa nkhondo ya ku Gaza]].{{cite news |title=Trump wants Jordan and Egypt to accept more Palestinian refugees and floats plan to 'clean out' Gaza |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-israel-bomb-gaza-hamas-war-023b36984c6116c128b5e47f117bba2a |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 26, 2025 |access-date=December 26, 2025}} Kwambira Malichi mpaka Meyi 2025, Trump [[March–May 2025 United States attacks in Yemen|wakalongozga nkhondo yikuru ya ndege za nkhondo]] kulimbana na malo gha [[Houthis|ŵaHouthi]] mu Yemen, iyo yikaŵa ntchito yake yakwamba yikuru ya nkhondo ku Middle East mu nyengo yake yachiŵiri ya ulamuliro.{{cite news |last1=Schmitt |first1=Eric |last2=Wong |first2=Edward |last3=Ismay |first3=John |date=April 4, 2025 |title=U.S. Strikes in Yemen Burning Through Munitions With Limited Success |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/04/us/politics/us-strikes-yemen-houthis.html |access-date=March 22, 2026 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}} Mu Juni 2025, Trump wakakolerana na Israel pa [[Twelve-Day War|Nkhondo ya Mazuŵa 12]] na Iran, ndipo wakalangura kuti ndege za nkhondo za United States [[2025 United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites|zibombe malo gha nyukiliya gha Iran]].{{cite news |last=Magid |first=Jacob |title=US bombs Fordo, 2 other nuclear facilities, joining Israel's war in Iran |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-strikes-irans-elusive-fordo-facility-joining-israels-fight-against-nuclear-program/ |access-date=June 22, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Times of Israel]] |date=June 22, 2025}} [[Gaza peace plan|Ndondomeko yake ya mtende ku Gaza]] pakati pa Israel na [[Hamas]] yikasainika mu Okutobala 2025, ndipo yikapangiska kukhazikiskika kwa [[Board of Peace]].{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-hamas-agree-gaza-ceasefire-return-hostages-2025-10-09/ |title=Gazans trek to ruined homes as Israeli forces pull back under ceasefire |last1=Lubell |first1=Maayan |last2=Al-Mughrabi |first2=Nidal |work=[[Reuters]] |date=October 9, 2025 |access-date=October 9, 2025 |url-access=limited}} Mu Febuluwale 2026, Trump wakazomerezga kuti ndege za nkhondo za United States na Israel zichite pamoza nkhondo yakuwukira Iran, ivyo vikayambiska [[2026 Iran war|Nkhondo ya Iran ya 2026]] ndipo vikapangiska kukomeka kwa mulongozgi mukuru wa Iran [[Ali Khamenei]].{{cite news |last=Sanger |first=David E. |author-link=David E. Sanger |date=February 28, 2026 |title=For Trump, the Iran Attack Is the Ultimate War of Choice |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/28/us/politics/trump-iran-attack.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 28, 2026}}{{cite news |last1=Holm |first1=Phil |last2=Jarrett |first2=Will |last3=Vineys |first3=Kevin |title=The US-Israeli war with Iran in maps, graphics and images |url=https://apnews.com/photo-gallery/iran-us-israel-war-conflict-gulf-visuals-8fc2192e3c05d30fd7dad5b18b9743b7 |work=[[AP News]] |date=March 3, 2026 |access-date=March 4, 2026}} Mu nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, Trump na boma lake ŵakapereka mafumbo ghakupambanapambana kweniso ghambura kukolerana pa chifukwa icho ŵakayambira [[Rationale for the 2026 Iran war|nkhondo iyi]].{{cite news |url=https://www.spiegel.de/ausland/donald-trump-und-der-iran-krieg-praesident-siegessicher-kriegsziel-unbekannt-a-2df3b848-6ade-4cbb-a4c7-45ed6738fe63 |title=(S+) Trump und Iran: Präsident siegessicher, Kriegsziel unbekannt |language=de |trans-title=(S+) Trump and Iran: President confident of victory, war aim unknown |first=Alexander |last=Sarovic |date=March 11, 2026 |work=[[Der Spiegel]]}} Pa Epulero 8, 2026, ŵakazomerezgana kulekeska nkhondo kwa nyengo yichoko waka. Ndipouli, [[Strait of Hormuz]] yikalutilira kujalika, ndipo magulu ghose ghaŵiri ghakalutilira kuwukirananga nyengo na nyengo apo kudumbiskana kwakupambanapambana kukatondeka kufiska phangano la mtende.{{cite news |last=Faguy |first=Ana |title=Trump seeking edits to US-Iran deal, US media report |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1w2xve315do |date=May 31, 2026 |access-date=June 1, 2026 |work=[[BBC News]]}}{{cite news |last=Aikman |first=Ian |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g44yl7q70o |title=Iran condemns US strikes as 'gross violation' of ceasefire |work=[[BBC News]] |date=May 26, 2026 |access-date=June 1, 2026}} === Mazgu, nkharo na umo wakachitiranga ndale === {{main|Maghanoghano gha ndale gha Donald Trump|Mazgu gha Donald Trump}} Kwambira apo wakambanga kukhozga [[birther]] maungano gha maghanoghano ghambura ukaboni mu vyaka vya m'ma 2010, Trump wakawovwira kuti maghanoghano na mabungwe gha kuumaliro kwa woko lamanja agho ghakaŵa ghambura kumanyikwa ghambeso kumanyikwa chomene.{{refn| {{cite news |last=Bierman |first=Noah |date=August 22, 2016 |title=Donald Trump helps bring far-right media's edgier elements into the mainstream |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-media-20160820-snap-story.html |access-date=October 7, 2021}} {{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=December 1, 2022 |title=Trump Embraces Extremism as He Seeks to Reclaim Office |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 20, 2025}} {{cite news |last=Oreskes |first=Benjamin |date=May 23, 2024 |title=Trump and GOP repeatedly echo Nazi and far-right ideology as they aim to retake White House |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-05-23/trump-gop-nazi-presidential-election-politics |access-date=July 27, 2025 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}} {{cite news |last1=Swenson |first1=Ali |last2=Kunzelman |first2=Michael |date=November 18, 2023 |title=Fears of political violence are growing as the 2024 campaign heats up and conspiracy theories evolve |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd |access-date=January 20, 2025}} }} Gulu la [[alt-right]] likawungana na kukhozga kampeni yake ya visolai, chomenechomene chifukwa cha [[opposition to multiculturalism|kususka chikhalidwe cha mitundu yinandi]] na [[Opposition to immigration|kususka ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake]].{{cite news |last=Weigel |first=David |date=August 20, 2016 |title='Racialists' are cheered by Trump's latest strategy |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/racial-realists-are-cheered-by-trumps-latest-strategy/2016/08/20/cd71e858-6636-11e6-96c0-37533479f3f5_story.html |access-date=January 9, 2026 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}{{cite news |last=Pearce |first=Matt |date=September 30, 2020 |title=Q&A: What is President Trump's relationship with far-right and white supremacist groups? |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-09-30/la-na-pol-2020-trump-white-supremacy |access-date=January 12, 2026 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}{{cite news |last=Krieg |first=Gregory |date=August 25, 2016 |title=Clinton is attacking the 'Alt-Right'– What is it? |url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/08/25/politics/alt-right-explained-hillary-clinton-donald-trump |access-date=January 9, 2026 |website=[[CNN]]}} Mu kampeni yake ya visolai ya 2016, ndale na mazgu gha Trump vikapangiska kuti paŵe [[political movement|gulu la ndale]] lakumanyikwa kuti [[Trumpism]].{{cite news |last=O'Brien |first=Timothy L. |author-link=Timothy L. O'Brien |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-11-01/trumpism-has-deep-roots-in-american-history-and-it-will-outlast-trump |title=The Peculiarly American Roots of Trumpism |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=November 1, 2024 |access-date=November 26, 2024 |url-access=limited}} Gulu ili [[Trumpism#Cult of personality|likuyaniskika na kusopa munthu yumoza]].{{refn| {{cite journal |last=Sundahl |first=Anne-Mette Holmgård |title=Personality Cult or a Mere Matter of Popularity? |journal=[[International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society]] |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=May 4, 2022 |pages=431–458 |doi=10.1007/s10767-022-09423-0 |pmid=35528318 |pmc=9066393}} {{cite journal |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Benajmin E. |last2=Moen |first2=Lars J. K. |date=May 14, 2024 |title=The personality of a personality cult? Personality characteristics of Donald Trump's most loyal supporters |journal=[[Political Psychology]] |volume=46 |issue=Special Issue |pages=225–243 |issn=0162-895X |doi=10.1111/pops.12991 |doi-access=free |hdl=1885/733752725 |hdl-access=free}} {{cite journal |last1=Adams |first1=Kenneth Alan |date=Spring 2021 |title=The Trump Death Cult |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/c5d4601ebe8dcb232f9ab2965e900d70/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=35407 |journal=[[Journal of Psychohistory]] |volume=48 |issue=4 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=256–276 |issn=0145-3378}} {{cite journal |last1=Diamond |first1=Michael J. |date=February 22, 2023 |title=Perverted Containment: Trumpism, Cult Creation, and the Rise of Destructive American Populism |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |journal=Psychoanalytic Inquiry |volume=43 |issue=2 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=96–109 |issn=0735-1690 |doi=10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |url-access=subscription}} {{cite journal |last1=Reyes |first1=Antonio |date=May 4, 2020 |title=I, Trump The cult of personality, anti-intellectualism and the Post-Truth era |url=https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |journal=Journal of Language and Politics |volume=19 |issue=6 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=869–892 |issn=1569-2159 |doi=10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |url-access=subscription}} }} Maghanoghano ghake gha ndale ghakulongosoreka kuti ngakhe [[populist]]{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=298}}{{sfn|Urbinati|2019}} panji [[right-wing populist]]{{sfn|Campani|Concepción|Soler|Savín|2022}}.{{cite news |last=Chotiner |first=Isaac |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/redefining-populism |title=Redefining Populism |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=July 29, 2021 |access-date=October 14, 2021}} Wakakhozgaso kuti pulezidenti waŵe na mazaza ghanandi mwakuyowoya kuti [[unitary executive theory]] yikupereka mazaza agha.{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Trump Seeks to Paralyze Independent Privacy and Civil Liberties Watchdog |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/trump-privacy-civil-liberties-oversight-board.html |access-date=January 25, 2025}}{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 22, 2025 |title=How Trump Is Pushing at Limits of Presidential Power in Early Orders |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/politics/trump-executive-orders.html |access-date=January 28, 2025}} Vinthu vinandi ivyo Trump wakachitanga na mazgu ghake vikalongosoreka kuti vya [[authoritarianism|ulamuliro wa nkhongono]] ndipo vikawovwira ku [[Democratic backsliding in the United States|kuchepa kwa demokilase mu United States]],{{sfn|Parker|Towler|2019|p=505; 513}}{{sfn|Kaufman|Haggard|2019}}{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=300|loc="Donald Trump is broadly seen as posing an existential threat to American democracy."}} kweniso kukhazikiska fundo ya [[In-group and out-group|"ise" kulimbana na "iwo"]].{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=299}} Mazgu ghake ghakulongosorekaso kuti ghakagwiliskiranga ntchito [[fearmongering]] na [[demagogy]], ndipo [[Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign#Fearmongering|vikasazgikira chomene mu kampeni yake ya visolai ya 2024]].{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=September 11, 2024 |title='The End of Our Country': Trump Paints Dark Picture at Debate |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-dark-picture.html |access-date=September 25, 2024 |url-access=limited}} Wakupenja wovwiri wa [[Trumpism#Christian Trumpism|Ŵakhristu ŵa Evangelical]] na [[Christian nationalism in the United States|ŵakukhozga Chikhristu nga ni maziko gha charu]],{{sfn|Perry|Whitehead|Grubbs|2021|p=229|loc=Christian nationalist ideology was among the strongest predictors of Americans voting for Trump in 2016 and remained a strong predictor of intent to vote for him prior to the 2020 election}}{{cite news |date=May 18, 2024 |title=Jesus is their savior, Trump is their candidate. Ex-president's backers say he shares faith, values |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-christian-evangelicals-conservatives-2024-election-43f25118c133170c77786daf316821c3 |access-date=January 9, 2026 |work=[[AP News]]}} ndipo kanandi wakachemanga ŵalwani ŵake ŵandale kuti "ŵaheni".{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=July 16, 2025 |title=For Trump, Domestic Adversaries Are Not Just Wrong, They Are 'Evil' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/16/us/politics/trump-political-enemies-evil.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 9, 2026}} === Mitundu na jenda === {{main|Maghanoghano gha Donald Trump pa mtundu}} Mazgu ghanandi na ivyo Trump wachita vikulongosoreka na ŵanthu ŵanandi kuti vikaŵa vya kusankhana mitundu (racist).<ref> * {{cite journal|last=Logan|first=Enid|title=The 2024 US presidential election & the politics of race: responding to a moment of crisis with analysis, insight & action|journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies|volume=48|issue=15|date=2025|pages=2953–2970|doi=10.1080/01419870.2025.2524023}} * {{cite journal|last=Cadena|first=Roger S.|title=Beyond puzzlement: rethinking Latino conservatives' politics of race, ethnicity, and immigration in the Trump era|journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies|volume=48|issue=15|date=2025|pages=3037–3058|doi=10.1080/01419870.2025.2504613}} * {{cite news|last=Lopez|first=German|date=February 14, 2019|title=Donald Trump's long history of racism, from the 1970s to 2019|url=https://www.vox.com/2016/7/25/12270880/donald-trump-racist-racism-history|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=June 15, 2019}} * {{cite news|last=Desjardins|first=Lisa|author-link=Lisa Desjardins|date=January 12, 2018|title=Every moment in Trump's charged relationship with race|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/every-moment-donald-trumps-long-complicated-history-race|work=[[PBS NewsHour]]|access-date=January 13, 2018}} * {{cite news|last=Dawsey|first=Josh|author-link=Josh Dawsey|date=January 11, 2018|title=Trump's history of making offensive comments about nonwhite immigrants|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-attacks-protections-for-immigrants-from-shithole-countries-in-oval-office-meeting/2018/01/11/bfc0725c-f711-11e7-91af-31ac729add94_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-access=limited|access-date=January 11, 2018}} * {{cite news|last=Weaver|first=Aubree Eliza|date=January 12, 2018|title=Trump's 'shithole' comment denounced across the globe|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/12/trump-shithole-comment-reaction-337926|work=[[Politico]]|ref={{harvid|Weaver|2018b}}|access-date=January 13, 2018}} * {{cite news|last1=Stoddard|first1=Ed|last2=Mfula|first2=Chris|date=January 12, 2018|title=Africa calls Trump racist after 'shithole' remark|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-immigration-reaction/africa-calls-trump-racist-after-shithole-remark-idUSKBN1F11VC|work=[[Reuters]]|url-access=limited|access-date=October 1, 2019}} </ref> Kafukufuku na mafumbo ghanandi vikulongora kuti maghanoghano gha kusankhana mitundu ndigho ghakawovwira chomene kuti Trump waŵe wakutchuka pa ndale, ndipo ghakaŵa ghankhongono kuluska nkhani za chuma pakulongosora chifukwa icho ŵanthu ŵakamuvotera.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lopez|first=German|date=December 15, 2017|title=The past year of research has made it very clear: Trump won because of racial resentment|url=https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/12/15/16781222/trump-racism-economic-anxiety-study|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=January 14, 2018}}</ref> Kanandi Trump wakuyowoya mazgu ghakuyuyura ŵanthu ŵa mitundu, visopa na mafuko ghanyake,{{sfn|Stephens-Dougan|2021|p=302}} ndipo ŵasambiri ŵakusanga nyengo zose kuti maghanoghano gha kusankhana mitundu na ghakususkana na Chisilamu ([[Islamophobia]]) pa ŵanthu ŵafipa, ŵakwiza kufuma ku vyaru vinyake, na Ŵasilamu, ni vimanyikwiro vyankhongono vya ŵanthu awo ŵakumovwira Trump.{{sfn|Lajevardi|Oskooii|2018}}{{sfn|Berman|2021|p=76}} Trump wakasuskika kuti wakachitanga vya kusankhana mitundu<ref>{{cite news|last=Grenoble|first=Ryan|date=September 11, 2024|title=Trump Defends One Of The Most Blatantly Racist Moments From His Past|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-central-park-five-presidential-debate_n_66e1a7c2e4b0e13c292dccad|work=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> chifukwa cha kulemba malonda gha mu manyuzipepala ghakuru na kukhozga kuti ŵawukirano ŵankhondi ŵafipa na ŵa Latino ŵakaŵa na mulandu wakukolelera mwanakazi muzungu mu mulandu wa [[Central Park jogger case]] wa 1989, nangauli ŵakafwatulika ku mulandu uwo mu 2002.<ref>{{cite news|last=Diaz|first=Jaclyn|date=October 21, 2024|title=The Central Park 5 are suing Trump over Philly debate comments|url=https://www.npr.org/2024/09/11/nx-s1-5108632/central-park-five-trump-debate|work=[[NPR News]]|access-date=November 27, 2024}}</ref> Mazgu gha Trump pa [[Unite the Right rally]] mu 2017, apo wakasuska "kuwoneska kwa nkhaza, kutinkhana na kusankhana uku kufuma ku vigaŵa vyose" ndipo wakati pakaŵa "ŵanthu ŵawemi ku vigaŵa vyose viŵiri", ghakasuskika chifukwa ghakawoneka nga ghakuyana waka ŵakususkira [[white supremacist]] na ŵakususkana nawo.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kessler|first=Glenn|author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist)|date=May 8, 2020|title=The 'very fine people' at Charlottesville: Who were they?|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/05/08/very-fine-people-charlottesville-who-were-they-2/|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-access=limited|access-date=October 23, 2021}}</ref> Mu Janyuwale 2018, pa kudumbiskana vya malango gha ŵakwiza kufuma ku vyaru vinyake, wakuti wakachema El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras na vyaru vya ku Africa kuti ni "shithole countries",<ref>{{cite news|last=Beauchamp|first=Zack|date=January 11, 2018|title=Trump's "shithole countries" comment exposes the core of Trumpism|url=https://www.vox.com/2018/1/11/16880804/trump-shithole-countries-racism|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=January 11, 2018}}</ref> ndipo mazgu agha ghakasuskika kuti ghakaŵa gha kusankhana mitundu.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wintour|first1=Patrick|author-link1=Patrick Wintour|last2=Burke|first2=Jason|author-link2=Jason Burke|last3=Livsey|first3=Anna|date=January 13, 2018|title='There's no other word but racist': Trump's global rebuke for 'shithole' remark|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/12/unkind-divisive-elitist-international-outcry-over-trumps-shithole-countries-remark|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 13, 2018}}</ref> Mu Julayi 2019, [[United States House of Representatives]] yikadumura chisankho chakususka Trump chifukwa cha mazgu agho wakayowoya pa ŵakwendeska ŵanakazi ŵanayi ŵa chipani cha Democratic awo ŵakaŵa ŵa mafuko ghachoko.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mak|first=Tim|author-link=Tim Mak|date=July 16, 2019|title=House Votes To Condemn Trump's 'Racist Comments'|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/16/742236610/condemnation-of-president-delayed-by-debate-can-lawmakers-call-trump-tweets-raci|work=[[NPR News]]|access-date=July 17, 2019}}</ref> Kampeni yake ya 2024 yikagwiliskira ntchito chomene mazgu ghakuyuyura ŵanthu (dehumanizing language) na [[racial stereotype|vikozgo vya mtundu]].<ref> * {{cite news|last1=Shear|first1=Michael D.|author-link1=Michael D. Shear|last2=Aleaziz|first2=Hamed|last3=Ulloa|first3=Jazmine|date=September 11, 2024|title=How Trump Uses Vitriol for Migrants to Sideline Other Issues|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-migrants.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|url-access=limited|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last1=Gold|first1=Michael|last2=Huynh|first2=Anjali|date=April 2, 2024|title=Trump Again Invokes 'Blood Bath' and Dehumanizes Migrants in Border Remarks|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/us/politics/trump-border-blood-bath.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|url-access=limited|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last=Sullivan|first=Kate|date=October 6, 2023|title=Trump's anti-immigrant comments draw rebuke|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/06/politics/trump-anti-immigrant-comments/|work=[[CNN]]|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last=Ward|first=Myah|date=October 12, 2024|title=We watched 20 Trump rallies. His racist, anti-immigrant messaging is getting darker.|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/12/trump-racist-rhetoric-immigrants-00183537|work=[[Politico]]|access-date=July 27, 2025}} </ref> [[File:President Trump Visits St. John's Episcopal Church (49964153176).jpg|thumb|Trump wali na gulu la ŵalaraŵalara na ŵalongozgi ŵakwenda kufuma ku White House kuluta ku St. John's Church, pamanyuma pa [[Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church#Clearing Lafayette Square and St. John's|kufumiskika kwa ŵakuwoneska maghanoghano ku Lafayette Square]] mu Juni 2020]] Mu Juni 2020, pa nyengo ya [[George Floyd protests]], ŵalaraŵalara ŵa boma la United States ŵakagwiliskira ntchito gasi wakukhozga maso na nthowa zinyake zakupatulira mzinda kuti ŵafumiske gulu la ŵanthu awo ŵakachitanga chiwoneskero mwamtende pa [[Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.|Lafayette Square]], kufupi na [[White House]].<ref name="wb">{{cite news |last1=Leonnig |first1=Carol D. |author-link1=Carol D. Leonnig |last2=Zapotosky |first2=Matt |last3=Dawsey |first3=Josh |author-link3=Josh Dawsey |last4=Tan |first4=Rebecca |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/barr-personally-ordered-removal-of-protesters-near-white-house-leading-to-use-of-force-against-largely-peaceful-crowd/2020/06/02/0ca2417c-a4d5-11ea-b473-04905b1af82b_story.html |title=Barr personally ordered removal of protesters near White House, leading to use of force against largely peaceful crowd |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 2, 2020 |access-date=June 3, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="bumpline">{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=June 2, 2020 |title=Timeline: The clearing of Lafayette Square |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/06/02/timeline-clearing-lafayette-square/ |access-date=June 6, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake, Trump [[Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church|wakajipatura chithuzi wali wakukora Baibolo]] pa [[St. John's Episcopal Church, Lafayette Square|St. John's Episcopal Church]],<ref name="wb"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gittleson |first1=Ben |last2=Phelps |first2=Jordyn |title=Police use munitions to forcibly push back peaceful protesters for Trump church visit |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/national-guard-troops-deployed-white-house-trump-calls/story?id=71004151 |access-date=June 29, 2021 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=June 3, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=O'Neil |first=Luke |date=June 2, 2020 |title=What do we know about Trump's love for the Bible? |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/02/what-do-we-know-about-trumps-love-for-the-bible |access-date=June 11, 2020}}</ref> ndipo ŵalongozgi ŵa visopa ŵakasuska umo ŵakachitira na ŵakuwoneska maghanoghano kweniso kujipatura chithuzi uko.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stableford |first1=Dylan |last2=Wilson |first2=Christopher |title=Religious leaders condemn teargassing protesters to clear street for Trump |url=https://news.yahoo.com/religious-leaders-condemn-gassing-protesters-to-clear-street-for-trump-192800782.html |access-date=June 8, 2020 |work=[[Yahoo News]] |date=June 3, 2020}}</ref> Trump wali na mbiri ya kuyuyura ŵanakazi para wakuyowoya na ŵapharazgi panji pa malo ghakuchezgerapo gha pa intaneti.{{sfn|Rothe|Collins|2019}}<ref name="Shear">{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Sullivan |first2=Eileen |author-link2=Eileen Sullivan |date=October 16, 2018 |title='Horseface,' 'Lowlife,' 'Fat, Ugly': How the President Demeans Women |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/16/us/politics/trump-women-insults.html |access-date=August 5, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalongora mazgu ghakofya, wakasuskanga kawonekero ka ŵanakazi, ndipo wakaŵachemanga na mazina ghakunyoza.<ref name="Shear" /> Mu Okutobala 2016, vidiyo ya mu 2005 iyo yikajambulika kwambura kumanya yikafuma kuwaro umo [[Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape|wakajikuzgira]] kuti wakafyofyonanga na kukorakora ŵanakazi kwambura kuzomerezgeka, wakati, "para uli nyenyezi, ŵakukuzomerezga. Ungachita chilichose. ... Kora pa [[Pussy#Female genitalia|chiŵaro cha mwanakazi]]."<ref>{{cite news |last=Timm |first=Jane C. |title=Trump caught on hot mic making lewd comments about women in 2005 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-hot-mic-when-you-re-star-you-can-do-n662116 |work=[[NBC News]] |date=October 7, 2016 |access-date=June 10, 2018}}</ref> Iyo wakati mazgu agha ghakaŵa waka "mazgu gha mu chipinda cha kuseŵeramo".<ref>{{cite news |last=Fahrenthold |first=David |author-link=David Fahrenthold |title=Trump recorded having extremely lewd conversation about women in 2005 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-recorded-having-extremely-lewd-conversation-about-women-in-2005/2016/10/07/3b9ce776-8cb4-11e6-bf8a-3d26847eeed4_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=December 14, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa ukali ukuru wa ŵanthu, kusazgapo ŵa chipani cha Republican, Trump wakafumiska vidiyo yakuphepeska pagulu, kweniso wakawukira Hillary Clinton.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/08/us/politics/donald-trump-women.html |title=Donald Trump Apology Caps Day of Outrage Over Lewd Tape |date=October 7, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=October 8, 2016 |last1=Burns |first1=Alexander |author-link1=Alex Burns (journalist) |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |last3=Martin |first3=Jonathan |author-link3=Jonathan Martin (journalist) |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ivyo wakususkikira pa nkhaza za kugonana === {{main|Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations}} Kufika mu Okutobala 2024, kwamba m'ma 1970, ŵanakazi ŵakukwana 28<ref name="NewRepublic10.31.24">{{cite magazine |url=https://newrepublic.com/post/187761/pageant-queen-beatrice-keul-trump-sexual-assault |title=Pageant Queen Shares Horrifying Details of Trump Sexual Assault |last=Ferguson |first=Malcolm |magazine=[[The New Republic]] |date=October 31, 2024 |access-date=August 21, 2025}}</ref> ŵamususka Trump pa milandu yakupambanapambana ya nkhaza za kugonana, kusazgapo kukoleska, kugonana na ŵana, kuwukira pa kugonana, nkhaza za thupi, kufyofyonanga na kukorakora kwambura kuzomerezgeka, kulaŵiska pasi pa masiketi gha ŵanakazi, kweniso kunjira mu vipinda umo ŵapikizgano ŵa umbeauty ŵakaŵiranga ŵali nkhule.<ref name="no26">{{cite news |last=Osborne |first=Lucy |date=September 17, 2020 |title='It felt like tentacles': the women who accuse Trump of sexual misconduct |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/sep/17/amy-dorris-donald-trump-women-who-accuse-sexual-misconduct |access-date=June 6, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> === Kukolerana na nkhaza na milandu ya chidani === {{further|Rhetoric of Donald Trump#Violence}} Trump wakumanyikwa kuti wali na ntchito yikuru pa kusazgirako nkhaza za ndyali mu United States, kwizira mu awo ŵakumovwira kweniso awo ŵakumususka.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=September 16, 2024 |title=Trump, Outrage and the Modern Era of Political Violence |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/16/us/politics/trump-violence-assassination-attempt.html |access-date=January 20, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Nacos|Shapiro|Bloch-Elkon|2020}}{{sfn|Piazza|Van Doren|2022}} Wakulongosoreka kuti wakupokelera maghanoghano gha ukali, [[List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump|visambizgo vya chiwembu]] nga ni [[QAnon]], kweniso magulu gha [[American militia movement|militia gha ku far-right]] kuluska pulezidenti munyake waliyose wa mazuŵa ghano wa America.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=December 1, 2022 |title=Trump Embraces Extremism as He Seeks to Reclaim Office |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Swenson |first1=Ali |last2=Kunzelman |first2=Michael |date=November 18, 2023 |title=Fears of political violence are growing as the 2024 campaign heats up and conspiracy theories evolve |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> Wawerezgapo kanandi kususka ŵakwimikana nayo pa ndyali kuti mbalwani za charu, ndipo wapempha kuti ŵajalikike panji kukomeka, ivyo vyapangiska ŵanandi kumususka kuti wakovwira kulimbikiska nkhaza.<ref>{{cite news |last=Basu |first=Zachary |date=November 16, 2019 |title=The 24 times Trump has accused somebody of "treason" |url=https://www.axios.com/2019/06/16/trump-treason-russia-investigation-new-york-times |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 20, 2025 |title=Trump calls Democrats who told US military to refuse illegal orders 'traitors' who should face death penalty |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-says-democrats-who-told-us-military-refuse-illegal-orders-deserve-death-2025-11-20 |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chasan |first=Aliza |date=September 27, 2023 |title=Gen. Milley says he has "appropriate" safety measures after Trump social media threat |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/general-milley-responds-to-trump-social-media-post-60-minutes/ |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Kafukufuku wakulongora kuti kayowoyero ka Trump kakukolerana na kusazgikira kwa milandu ya chidani,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kunzelman |first1=Michael |last2=Galvan |first2=Astrid |date=August 7, 2019 |title=Trump words linked to more hate crime? Some experts think so |url=https://apnews.com/article/7d0949974b1648a2bb592cab1f85aa16 |access-date=October 7, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Feinberg |first1=Ayal |last2=Branton |first2=Regina |last3=Martinez-Ebers |first3=Valerie |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Counties that hosted a 2016 Trump rally saw a 226 percent increase in hate crimes |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/03/22/trumps-rhetoric-does-inspire-more-hate-crimes/ |access-date=October 7, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuyowoya mwakupambanapambana maghanoghano gha kusankhana chifukwa chakuti wakazgora mazgu ghakusankhana mafuko kuŵa ghakawiro.{{sfn|Stephens-Dougan|2021|p=306}} Ŵakufufuza ŵanyake nawo ŵati mazgu gha Trump agho ghakananga mbiri na kuyowoya vyautesi vya awo ŵakaŵa ŵakukomeka na gulu ilo likachita vivulupi pa Janyuwale 6, vikaŵa chiyelezgero cha [[stochastic terrorism]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Yousef |first=Odette |date=September 17, 2024 |title=The U.S. has had a long history of political violence, but experts see a new trend |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/09/17/nx-s1-5113997/political-violence-trump |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Angove |first=James |title=Stochastic terrorism: critical reflections on an emerging concept |journal=[[Taylor & Francis]] |date=February 3, 2024 |volume=17 |pages=21–43 |doi=10.1080/17539153.2024.2305742 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakasuzgikanga panji kususkika pa milandu ya nkhaza na milandu ya chidani ŵakayowoyanga kuti mazgu gha Trump ndigho ghakaŵachitiska kuchita nthena, panji ŵakeneranga kulangika pachoko.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Tracy |first=Abigail |date=August 8, 2019 |title="The President of the United States Says It's Okay": The Rise of the Trump Defense |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/08/donald-trump-domestic-terrorism-el-paso |access-date=October 7, 2021 |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Helderman |first1=Rosalind S. |author-link1=Rosalind S. Helderman |last2=Hsu |first2=Spencer S. |last3=Weiner |first3=Rachel |date=January 16, 2021 |title='Trump said to do so': Accounts of rioters who say the president spurred them to rush the Capitol could be pivotal testimony |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-rioters-testimony/2021/01/16/01b3d5c6-575b-11eb-a931-5b162d0d033d_story.html |access-date=September 27, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kafukufuku wa charu chose wakuchitika na [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] mu Meyi 2020 ukasanga milandu yakukwana 54, kufuma mu Ogasiti 2015 m'paka Epulero 2020, umo zina la Trump likazunulikiranga mwachindunji pa milandu ya nkhaza panji viwopsezo vya nkhaza, chomenechomene yakuchitika na ŵanalume ŵatuŵa ndipo yikanangiranga ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghanyake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Levine |first=Mike |date=May 30, 2020 |title='No Blame?' ABC News finds 54 cases invoking 'Trump' in connection with violence, threats, alleged assaults. |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/blame-abc-news-finds-17-cases-invoking-trump/story?id=58912889 |access-date=February 4, 2021 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Apo Trump wakakana kususka gulu la ŵa [[Proud Boys]] pa mkangano wa kusankha pulezidenti mu 2020,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Olorunnipa |first1=Toluse |author-link1=Toluse Olorunnipa |last2=Wootson |first2=Cleve R. Jr. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-debate-white-supremacist-question/2020/09/30/366df500-02c7-11eb-a2db-417cddf4816a_story.html |title=Trump refused to condemn white supremacists and militia members in presidential debate marked by disputes over race |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=September 30, 2020 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> na kuyowoya kuti, "Proud Boys, yimani kumanyuma ndipo lindilirani", ŵanthu ŵakati mazgu agha ghakachitiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵanjire mu gulu ilo likamovwiranga Trump.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cheney |first=Kyle |author-link=Kyle Cheney (journalist) |title=Enrique Tarrio, Proud Boys leader on Jan. 6, sentenced to 22 years for seditious conspiracy |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2023/09/05/sentencing-enrique-tarrio-proud-boys-00114095 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=September 5, 2023}}</ref> Ŵakufufuza vya kulimbana na uchigandanga ŵati umo Trump wakapangiranga ŵanthu kuti ŵawone kuwukira kwa Nyumba ya Malango pa Janyuwale 6 nga ni chinthu chambura suzgo, kweniso [[Pardon of January 6 United States Capitol attack defendants|kugowokera ŵose awo ŵakachitako vivulupi pa Janyuwale 6]], vingawovwira kulimbikiska nkhaza za ndyali munthazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hsu |first1=Spencer S. |last2=Silverman |first2=Ellie |last3=Zakrzewski |first3=Cat |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Clemency for Oath Keepers, Proud Boys fuels extremism threat, experts say |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2025/01/21/pardons-proud-boys-oath-keepers/ |access-date=January 22, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=April 13, 2024 |title=Inside Donald Trump's Embrace of the Jan. 6 Rioters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/13/us/politics/trump-jan-6.html |access-date=January 20, 2025 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska na visambizgo vya chiwembu === {{main|False or misleading statements by Donald Trump|List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump}} [[File:2017- Donald Trump veracity - composite graph.png|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Fact-checkers]] ŵa ''The Washington Post'',<ref name="database">{{cite news |last1=Kessler |first1=Glenn |author-link1=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |last2=Kelly |first2=Meg |last3=Rizzo |first3=Salvador |last4=Lee |first4=Michelle Ye Hee |author-link4=Michelle Ye Hee Lee |date=January 20, 2021 |title=In four years, President Trump made 30,573 false or misleading claims |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-claims-database/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ''Toronto Star'',<ref>{{cite news |last=Dale |first=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Dale |date=June 5, 2019 |title=Donald Trump has now said more than 5,000 false things as president |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/analysis/2019/06/05/donald-trump-has-now-said-more-than-5000-false-claims-as-president.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[Toronto Star]]}}</ref> na CNN<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dale |first1=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Dale |last2=Subramiam |first2=Tara |date=March 9, 2020 |title=Fact check: Donald Trump made 115 false claims in the last two weeks of February |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/09/politics/fact-check-trump-false-claims-february/ |access-date=December 15, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> ŵakawunganya uthenga wa "mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska" (mtundu wa orenji) na "mazgu ghautesi" (mtundu wa violet).|alt=Chati yakulongora mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska agho Trump wakayowoyanga]] Trump wakuyowoya kanandi mazgu ghambura unenesko pa kuyowoya kwake pagulu,<ref name="finnegan">{{cite news |last=Finnegan |first=Michael |date=September 25, 2016 |title=Scope of Trump's falsehoods unprecedented for a modern presidential candidate |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-false-statements-20160925-snap-story.html |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="whoppers"/> mwakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵati ivi vindachitikepo kale mu ndyali za United States.<ref name="finnegan"/><ref name="glasser">{{cite magazine |last=Glasser |first=Susan B. |author-link=Susan Glasser |date=August 3, 2018 |title=It's True: Trump Is Lying More, and He's Doing It on Purpose |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-trumps-washington/trumps-escalating-war-on-the-truth-is-on-purpose |access-date=January 10, 2019 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]]}}</ref><ref name="Konnikova">{{cite news |last=Konnikova |first=Maria |author-link=Maria Konnikova |date=January 20, 2017 |title=Trump's Lies vs. Your Brain |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/donald-trump-lies-liar-effect-brain-214658/ |access-date=March 31, 2018 |work=[[Politico Magazine]]}}</ref> Mazgu ghake ghautesi na ghakupuluska ghakalembekanga na [[fact-checker|ŵakuwona unenesko wa mazgu]], kusazgapo awo ŵali ku ''The Washington Post'', awo ŵakasanga kuti wakayowoya mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska 30,573 pa nyengo yake yakwamba kuŵa pulezidenti,<ref name="database"/> ndipo chiŵelengero ichi chikamba kusazgikira nyengo yikati yajumphapo.<ref name="TermUntruth">{{cite news |last1=Kessler |first1=Glenn |author-link1=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |last2=Kelly |first2=Meg |last3=Rizzo |first3=Salvador |last4=Shapiro |first4=Leslie |last5=Dominguez |first5=Leo |date=January 23, 2021 |title=A term of untruths: The longer Trump was president, the more frequently he made false or misleading claims |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/interactive/2021/timeline-trump-claims-as-president/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu ghake ghautesi ghawoneka nga ntchigaŵa chakumanyikwa cha umo wakuchitira ndyali<ref name="glasser"/> ndipo ghafotokozeka kuti ni [[firehosing]].{{sfn|Kakutani|2018|pp=94–104}} Munthawi ya ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri, Trump wakalutilira kugwiliskira ntchito mazgu ghaboza, ghakupuluska, na ghakusazgirizga pakulongosora na kupembuzga malango ghake gha Executive Order na ndondomeko za boma.<ref>{{cite news |last=Qiu |first=Linda |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/29/us/politics/trump-100-days-fact-check.html |title=In Breakneck 2nd Term, Trump Turns to Falsehoods to Justify His Agenda |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 29, 2025 |access-date=March 17, 2026}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuyowoya vyautesi pafupipafupi nga umo wakachitiranga kale, kweni wakaŵa na mitundu yichoko ya mautesi uku wakuwoneskera kanandi "gulu likuru" la mautesi gheneghara.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dale |first=Daniel |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2025/12/27/politics/analysis-donald-trumps-top-25-lies-of-2025 |title=Analysis: Donald Trump's top 25 lies |work=[[CNN]] |date=December 27, 2025 |access-date=March 17, 2026}}</ref> Mautesi ghanyake gha Trump ghakaŵa ghambura kukhumbikwa chomene,<ref>{{cite news |last=Qiu |first=Linda |date=January 21, 2017 |title=Donald Trump had biggest inaugural crowd ever? Metrics don't show it |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2017/jan/21/sean-spicer/trump-had-biggest-inaugural-crowd-ever-metrics-don/ |access-date=March 30, 2018 |work=[[PolitiFact]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Rein |first=Lisa |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Here are the photos that show Obama's inauguration crowd was bigger than Trump's |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2017/03/06/here-are-the-photos-that-show-obamas-inauguration-crowd-was-bigger-than-trumps/ |access-date=March 8, 2017 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> kweni ghanyake ghakaŵa na vyakukhwaska vikuru, nga ni kupharazga kwake kwambura ukaboni kwakuti munkhwala wa [[malaria]] ungachizga [[COVID-19]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Wong |first=Julia Carrie |author-link=Julia Carrie Wong |date=April 7, 2020 |title=Hydroxychloroquine: how an unproven drug became Trump's coronavirus 'miracle cure' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/06/hydroxychloroquine-trump-coronavirus-drug |access-date=June 25, 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Spring |first=Marianna |author-link=Marianna Spring |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Coronavirus: The human cost of virus misinformation |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-52731624 |access-date=June 13, 2020 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> ivyo vikapangiska kusoŵa kwa munkhwala uwu mu United States kweniso [[panic buying|kugura mwaluŵiro chifukwa cha wofi]] mu Africa na South Asia.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rowland |first=Christopher |date=March 23, 2020 |title=As Trump touts an unproven coronavirus treatment, supplies evaporate for patients who need those drugs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/20/hospitals-doctors-are-wiping-out-supplies-an-unproven-coronavirus-treatment/ |access-date=March 24, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Parkinson |first1=Joe |last2=Gauthier-Villars |first2=David |date=March 23, 2020 |title=Trump Claim That Malaria Drugs Treat Coronavirus Sparks Warnings, Shortages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-claim-that-malaria-drugs-treat-coronavirus-sparks-warnings-shortages-11584981897 |url-access=subscription |access-date=March 26, 2020 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Kuwukira kwake pa mavoti gha [[mail-in voting]] na nthowa zinyake za kuvotera kukachepeska kugomezga kwa ŵanthu mu unenesko wa [[chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2020]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Siders |first=David |date=May 25, 2020 |title=Trump sees a 'rigged election' ahead. Democrats see a constitutional crisis in the making. |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/05/25/donald-trump-rigged-election-talk-fears-274477 |access-date=October 9, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Riccardi |first=Nicholas |date=September 17, 2020 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump's big distortions on mail-in voting |url=https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-election-2020-ap-fact-check-elections-voting-fraud-and-irregularities-8c5db90960815f91f39fe115579570b4 |access-date=October 7, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> apo uthesi wake wakukhwaskana na nthenda ya COVID-19 ukachedweska ndiposo kufowofya ivyo boma la charu likachitanga pakulimbana nayo.<ref name="NYT 4 11 20">{{cite news |first1=Eric |last1=Lipton |author-link1=Eric Lipton |first2=David E. |last2=Sanger |author-link2=David E. Sanger |first3=Maggie |last3=Haberman |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |first4=Michael D. |last4=Shear |author-link4=Michael D. Shear |first5=Mark |last5=Mazzetti |author-link5=Mark Mazzetti |first6=Julian E. |last6=Barnes |title=He Could Have Seen What Was Coming: Behind Trump's Failure on the Virus |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/11/us/politics/coronavirus-trump-response.html |access-date=April 11, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 11, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="USAT-Disinfo">{{cite news |last=Guynn |first=Jessica |date=October 5, 2020 |title=From COVID-19 to voting: Trump is nation's single largest spreader of disinformation, studies say |url=https://usatoday.com/story/tech/2020/10/05/trump-covid-19-coronavirus-disinformation-facebook-twitter-election/3632194001/ |access-date=October 7, 2020 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bergengruen |first1=Vera |last2=Hennigan |first2=W.J. |date=October 6, 2020 |title='You're Gonna Beat It.' How Donald Trump's COVID-19 Battle Has Only Fueled Misinformation |url=https://time.com/5896709/trump-covid-campaign/ |access-date=October 7, 2020 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Kanandi wakupempha yayi chigowokero pa mautesi ghake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Allen |first=Jonathan |date=December 31, 2018 |title=Does being President Trump still mean never having to say you're sorry? |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/does-being-president-trump-still-mean-never-having-say-you-n952841 |access-date=June 14, 2020 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> M'paka mu 2018, manyuzipepala na vyakupharazga vikanyake vikakanizganga kuyowoya kuti mautesi ghake "mbutesi", nangauli wakawerezganga mazgu agho ghakaŵa ghakubozgeka pakuwonekera.<ref>{{cite news |last=Greenberg |first=David |author-link=David Greenberg (historian) |date=January 28, 2017 |title=The Perils of Calling Trump a Liar |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/the-perils-of-calling-trump-a-liar-214704/ |access-date=June 13, 2020 |work=[[Politico Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="DBauder">{{cite news |last=Bauder |first=David |date=August 29, 2018 |title=News media hesitate to use 'lie' for Trump's misstatements |url=https://apnews.com/8d3c7387eff7496abcd0651124caf891 |access-date=September 27, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=June 5, 2019 |title=Lies? The news media is starting to describe Trump's 'falsehoods' that way. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/lies-the-news-media-is-starting-to-describe-trumps-falsehoods-that-way/2019/06/05/413cc2a0-8626-11e9-a491-25df61c78dc4_story.html |access-date=April 11, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kwambira pambere wandambe ulamuliro wake wakwamba, Trump wakalimbikiska [[List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump|visambizgo vinandi vya chiŵembu]]. Mu 2011, Trump wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa chomene pakupharazga [[Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories|chisambizgo cha "birther"]], icho chikatengeka kuti [[Barack Obama]], pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States wakafuma ku ŵanthu ŵafipa, wakababikira yayi mu United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=John |first=Arit |date=June 23, 2020 |title=From birtherism to 'treason': Trump's false allegations against Obama |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-06-23/trump-obamagate-birtherism-false-allegations |access-date=February 17, 2023 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Wakati ndiyo wakapangiska boma kufumiska satifiketi ya kubabikira ya Obama, nangauli wakati nayo yikaŵa yautesi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Keneally |first=Meghan |date=September 18, 2015 |title=Donald Trump's History of Raising Birther Questions About President Obama |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donald-trumps-history-raising-birther-questions-president-obama/story?id=33861832 |access-date=August 27, 2016 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Mu Seputembala 2016, wakazomera pakweru kuti Obama wakababikira ku United States, kweni mwautesi wakati [[Hillary Clinton]] ndiyo wakambiska mphara izi pa nyengo ya [[Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign|kampeni yake ya chisankho cha pulezidenti ya 2008]].<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C27|consensus 27]]. --><ref>{{cite news |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Trump Drops False 'Birther' Theory, but Floats a New One: Clinton Started It |first1=Maggie |last1=Haberman |author-link1=Maggie Haberman |first2=Alan |last2=Rappeport |date=September 16, 2016 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/17/us/politics/donald-trump-birther-obama.html}}</ref> Kanandi Trump wakambanga kuyowoya kuti wapulika visambizgo vya chiŵembu ivi kwa munthu munyake,<ref name="Haberman2016"/> ndipo wakalimbikiska visambizgo nga ni [[climate change denial]], [[Conspiracy theories related to the 2019 Trump–Ukraine scandal|vyakuti Ukraine yikanjilirapo pa visankho vya United States]], ndiposo vya [[vaccines and autism]].<ref name="Haberman2016">{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=February 29, 2016 |title=Even as He Rises, Donald Trump Entertains Conspiracy Theories |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/01/us/politics/donald-trump-conspiracy-theories.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Fichera |first1=Angelo |last2=Spencer |first2=Saranac Hale |date=October 20, 2020 |title=Trump's Long History With Conspiracy Theories |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2020/10/trumps-long-history-with-conspiracy-theories/ |access-date=September 15, 2021 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=November 26, 2019 |title=President Trump loves conspiracy theories. Has he ever been right? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/26/president-trump-loves-conspiracy-theories-has-he-ever-been-right/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa [[chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2020]], wakalimbikiska visambizgo vya chiŵembu vyakukhwaskana na kutondeka kwake, ivyo vikachemeka kuti "[[Big lie (2020 United States presidential election)|boza likuru]]".<ref>{{cite magazine |last=McEvoy |first=Jemima |date=December 17, 2020 |title=These Are The Voter Fraud Claims Trump Tried (And Failed) To Overturn The Election With |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2020/12/17/these-are-the-voter-fraud-claims-trump-tried-and-failed-to-overturn-the-election-with/ |access-date=September 13, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Block |first=Melissa |author-link=Melissa Block |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Can The Forces Unleashed By Trump's Big Election Lie Be Undone? |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/01/16/957291939/can-the-forces-unleashed-by-trumps-big-election-lie-be-undone |access-date=December 25, 2024}}</ref> === Ubwezi wake na nkhani za vyakupharazga === {{main|Nkhondo ya Donald Trump na vyakupharazga}} Pa nyengo ya kampeni ya chisankho cha 2016, Trump wakapokera uthenga unandi waulere mu vyakupharazga kuluska kale,{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/06/14/this-harvard-study-is-a-powerful-indictment-of-the-medias-role-in-donald-trumps-rise/ |title=This Harvard study is a powerful indictment of the media's role in Donald Trump's rise |first=Chris |last=Cillizza |author-link=Chris Cillizza |date=June 14, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} uwo ukawerengekanga kuti ukaŵa wakukwana madola mabiliyoni ghaŵiri.{{cite news |title=$2 Billion Worth of Free Media for Donald Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/16/upshot/measuring-donald-trumps-mammoth-advantage-in-free-media.html |first1=Nicholas |last1=Confessore |author-link1=Nicholas Confessore |first2=Karen |last2=Yourish |date=March 15, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Apo wakaŵa wakuphalizga kampeni kweniso apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, kanandi wakasuska vyakupharazga kuti vikutemwera chigaŵa chinyake, ndipo wakavichemanga kuti "vyakupharazga vya nkhani zautesi" na "mulwani wa ŵanthu".{{cite web |last1=Hetherington |first1=Marc |last2=Ladd |first2=Jonathan M. |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Destroying trust in the media, science, and government has left America vulnerable to disaster |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2020/05/01/destroying-trust-in-the-media-science-and-government-has-left-america-vulnerable-to-disaster/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |publisher=[[Brookings Institution]]}} Mu ulamuliro wake wakwamba, boma la Trump likachepeskako misonkhano yakudumbiskana na ŵapharazgi kufuma pa pafupifupi 100 mu 2017 kufika pa yiŵiri pera mu 2019, ndipo likawuskapo zilolezgo za ŵapharazgi ŵaŵiri ŵa ku White House, ivyo vikaweleraso na makhoti.{{cite news |last=Grynbaum |first=Michael M. |date=December 30, 2019 |title=After Another Year of Trump Attacks, 'Ominous Signs' for the American Press |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/30/business/media/trump-media-2019.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Kufika mu 2024, Trump wakalutilira kuyowoya kuti wakovwira [[Kuzomerezga yayi kususka boma|kuŵika dango lakukanizga kususka boma]] na kumususka,{{cite news |last=Kapur |first=Sahil |date=October 13, 2024 |title='Totally illegal': Trump escalates rhetoric on outlawing political dissent and criticism |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/totally-illegal-trump-escalates-rhetoric-outlawing-political-dissent-c-rcna174280 |access-date=November 23, 2024 |work=[[NBC News]]}} ndipo wakati ŵapharazgi ŵakwenera kusuzgika na dango usange ŵakukana kuvumbura awo ŵakuŵapa uthenga mwachisisi, kweniso kuti makampani gha vyakupharazga ghangaŵavya mazaza ghakupharazga usange ghakupharazga vinthu viheni vyakukhwaskana na iyo.{{cite news |last=Folkenflik |first=David |author-link=David Folkenflik |date=October 21, 2024 |title=Could Trump's threats against news outlets carry weight if he wins the presidency? |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/10/21/nx-s1-5150039/could-trumps-threats-against-news-outlets-carry-weight-if-he-wins-the-presidency |access-date=November 23, 2024 |work=[[NPR News]]}} Mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri, ivyo Trump wakachitira vyakupharazga vikaŵa vyambura kuchitikapo mu mbiri yasono ya United States,{{cite news |last1=Spike |first1=Justin |last2=Riccardi |first2=Nicholas |date=September 18, 2025 |title=Trump's moves against the media mirror approaches by authoritarian leaders to silence dissent |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-dictators-media-putin-russia-orban-hungary-2de4b920e9d7952eed132d38e1934ce5 |access-date=September 18, 2025}} ndipo ŵakulemba mbiri ŵakati vikayananga na ivyo ŵalongozgi ŵankhongono ŵakuchita pakukanizga ŵakususkana nawo pa ndyali ndipo vikakhwaska viheni [[wanangwa wa kuyowoya]] na [[wanangwa wa vyakupharazga]].{{cite news |last1=Abels |first1=Grace |last2=Sherman |first2=Amy |date=April 29, 2025 |title=President Trump said he 'brought back free speech.' His first 100 days tell a different story. |work=[[PolitiFact]] |url=https://www.politifact.com/article/2025/apr/29/donald-trump-free-speech-First-Amendment-100-days/ |access-date=May 4, 2025}}{{cite news |last1=Gilliand |first1=Olivia |last2=Dumalaon |first2=Janelle |date=April 26, 2025 |title=Trump's attacks on media test US press freedom rules |work=[[Deutsche Welle]] |url=https://www.dw.com/en/trumps-attacks-on-media-tests-us-first-amendment-press-freedom/a-72359073 |access-date=May 4, 2025}} Kampeni yakulamulira kayowoyero yikayaniskika na [[cancel culture]], boma lakusezga wanangwa wa kayowoyero, na [[McCarthyism]].{{cite news |last1=Riccardi |first1=Nicholas |last2=Konstantin |first2=Toropin |date=September 15, 2025 |title=Trump administration joins Republicans' campaign to police speech in reaction to Kirk's murder |url=https://apnews.com/article/charlie-kirk-speech-republicans-firings-government-vance-e65a4939b80e4f4822db188e978d8812 |access-date=September 15, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/sep/16/charlie-kirk-shooting-trump-progressive-groups |title=Progressive groups fear 'McCarthy era' attacks in wake of Charlie Kirk shooting |first=George |last=Chidi |date=September 16, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=September 18, 2025}}{{cite news |last=Yerushalmy |first=Jonathan |date=September 18, 2025 |title='Censoring you in real time': suspension of Jimmy Kimmel show sparks shock and fears for free speech |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2025/sep/18/jimmy-kimmel-suspension-sparks-shock-fears-for-free-speech-censoring-realtime |access-date=September 18, 2025 |work=[[The Guardian]]}} [[Federal Communications Commission]] yikamba kufufuza vyakupharazga ivyo vikapusikikanga kuti vikutemwera ŵakususkana nayo.{{cite news |last=Brodkin |first=Jon |date=January 23, 2025 |title=Trump's FCC chair gets to work on punishing TV news stations accused of bias |work=[[Ars Technica]] |url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/01/trumps-fcc-chair-gets-to-work-on-punishing-news-stations-accused-of-bias/ |access-date=March 20, 2025}} Chifukwa cha vyakofya vya Trump, ŵalongozgi ŵa vyakupharazga ŵakaphalira ŵapharazgi na ŵantchito ŵawo kuti [[kujikanizga ŵekha]] ndipo ŵachepeskeko kumususka Trump.{{cite news |last1=Fischer |first1=Sara |last2=Wang |first2=Christine |date=May 27, 2025 |title=Journalism under pressure amid fear of retribution |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/05/27/trump-journalism-pressure |access-date=May 31, 2025}} Ŵanandi ŵakati Trump wakapangiska kuchepa kukuru kwa [[wanangwa wa vyakupharazga]], kusazgapo magulu ghakovwira ŵapharazgi{{cite web |last=Ferragamo |first=Mariel |title=World Press Freedom Continues Decline at a Time of Upheaval |url=https://www.cfr.org/article/world-press-freedom-continues-decline-time-upheaval |website=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] |date=May 2, 2025 |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=United States |url=https://rsf.org/en/country/united-states |website=[[Reporters Without Borders]] |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=Press freedom in the US |url=https://cpj.org/issue/press-freedom-in-the-us/ |website=[[Committee to Protect Journalists]] |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=Will press freedom decline further? |url=https://www.media-diversity.org/2026-the-year-ahead-will-press-freedom-decline-further/ |website=[[Media Diversity Institute]] |date=January 6, 2026 |access-date=January 15, 2026}} kweniso mabuku gha masambiro.{{cite journal |last=West |first=Sonja R. |title=Presidential Attacks on the Press |journal=[[Missouri Law Review]] |volume=83 |pages=915 |year=2018 |url=https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/fac_artchop/1276/ |access-date=January 16, 2026}}{{cite journal |last1=Jones |first1=RonNell Andersen |last2=West |first2=Sonja R. |title=The Fragility of the Free American Press |journal=[[Northwestern University Law Review]] |volume=112 |issue=3 |pages=567 |year=2017 |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/nulr/vol112/iss3/5/ |access-date=January 16, 2026}}{{cite book |last=Kalb |first=Marvin |title=Enemy of the People: Trump's War on the Press, the New McCarthyism, and the Threat to American Democracy |publisher=[[Brookings Institution Press]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.hks.harvard.edu/publications/enemy-people-trumps-war-press-new-mccarthyism-and-threat-american-democracy |access-date=January 16, 2026}} === Vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti === {{main|Kugwiliskira ntchito vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti na Donald Trump|Kugwiliskira ntchito X na Donald Trump}} Kufuma mu 2009 mpaka apo wakakanizgikira mu Janyuwale 2021, Trump wakalemba pa Twitter mauthenga ghakujumpha 57,000.{{cite news |last1=Madhani |first1=Aamer |last2=Colvin |first2=Jill |date=January 9, 2021 |title=A farewell to @realDonaldTrump, gone after 57,000 tweets |url=https://apnews.com/article/twitter-donald-trump-ban-cea450b1f12f4ceb8984972a120018d5 |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}} Pamanyuma pa vyaka vinandi vya kususkika chifukwa chakuzomerezga Trump kulemba uthenga wa upusikizgi na mautesi, Twitter yikamba kuŵika vimanyikwiro vya kusimikizga unenesko pa mauthenga ghanyake gha Trump mu Meyi 2020.{{cite news |last=Dwoskin |first=Elizabeth |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Twitter labels Trump's tweets with a fact check for the first time |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/05/26/trump-twitter-label-fact-check/ |access-date=July 7, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}} Wakakanizgika kugwiliskira ntchito Facebook, [[Instagram]], Twitter, na mapulatifomu ghanyake pamanyuma pa [[Kuukira Nyumba ya Malango ya United States pa Janyuwale 6, 2021]].{{cite news |last1=Fischer |first1=Sara |last2=Gold |first2=Ashley |date=January 11, 2021 |title=All the platforms that have banned or restricted Trump so far |url=https://www.axios.com/platforms-social-media-ban-restrict-trump-d9e44f3c-8366-4ba9-a8a1-7f3114f920f1.html |access-date=January 16, 2021 |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]}}{{cite news |last1=Conger |first1=Kate |author-link1=Kate Conger |last2=Isaac |first2=Mike |author-link2=Mike Isaac |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Inside Twitter's Decision to Cut Off Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/16/technology/twitter-donald-trump-jack-dorsey.html |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Kutaya mwayi wake wa vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti kukachepeska nkhongono yake yakukhwaska ivyo vikachitikanga{{cite news |last=Timberg |first=Craig |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Twitter ban reveals that tech companies held keys to Trump's power all along |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/14/trump-twitter-megaphone/ |access-date=February 17, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}{{cite news |last1=Alba |first1=Davey |author-link1=Davey Alba |last2=Koeze |first2=Ella |last3=Silver |first3=Jacob |date=June 7, 2021 |title=What Happened When Trump Was Banned on Social Media |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/06/07/technology/trump-social-media-ban.html |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} ndipo kukayaniskika na kuchepa kukuru kwa uthenga wa upusikizgi pa Twitter.{{cite news |last1=Dwoskin |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Timberg |first2=Craig |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Misinformation dropped dramatically the week after Twitter banned Trump and some allies |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/16/misinformation-trump-twitter/ |access-date=February 17, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} Mu Febuluwale 2022, wakambiska pulatifomu ya vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti ya [[Truth Social]], uko wakakopa ŵakulondezga ŵachoko waka pakuyaniska na Twitter.{{cite news |last1=Harwell |first1=Drew |author-link1=Drew Harwell |last2=Dawsey |first2=Josh |author-link2=Josh Dawsey |date=November 7, 2022 |title=Trump once reconsidered sticking with Truth Social. Now he's stuck. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/07/trump-once-reconsidered-sticking-with-truth-social-now-hes-stuck/ |access-date=May 7, 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} Twitter yikamuwezgerapo akaunti yake mu Novembala 2022.{{cite news |last1=Mac |first1=Ryan |author-link1=Ryan Mac |last2=Browning |first2=Kellen |date=November 19, 2022 |title=Elon Musk Reinstates Trump's Twitter Account |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/19/technology/trump-twitter-musk.html |access-date=November 21, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}{{cite news |last1=Dang |first1=Sheila |last2=Coster |first2=Helen |date=November 20, 2022 |title=Trump snubs Twitter after Musk announces reactivation of ex-president's account |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/musks-twitter-poll-showing-narrow-majority-want-trump-reinstated-2022-11-20/ |access-date=May 10, 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}} Kuletshelereka kwa vyaka viŵiri pa [[Meta Platforms]] kukamara mu Janyuwale 2023, ndipo wakazomerezgekaso kugwiliskira ntchito Facebook na Instagram.{{cite news |last=Bond |first=Shannon |date=January 23, 2023 |title=Meta allows Donald Trump back on Facebook and Instagram |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/01/25/1146961818/trump-meta-facebook-instagram-ban-ends |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> == Kuwonelera == === Chithuzithuzi cha ŵanthu === {{main|Chithuzithuzi cha Donald Trump pa maso pa ŵanthu|Kafukufuku wa maghanoghano pa nyengo yakwamba ya ulamuliro wa Trump}} Mu nyengo yakwamba ya Trump, kufuma mu 2017 m'paka 2021, ŵanthu pa charu chose ŵakakhumbanga chomene yayi ulongozgi wa United States. Kuvomerezga kukakhira kufuma pafupifupi pa 22&nbsp;peresenti mu kafukufuku wa [[Gallup, Inc.|Gallup]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Datta |first=Monti |date=September 16, 2019 |title=3 countries where Trump is popular |url=https://theconversation.com/3-countries-where-trump-is-popular-120317 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]}}</ref> wa vyaru 134 kufika pa 16&nbsp;peresenti mu kafukufuku wa [[Pew Research|Pew Research]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wike |first1=Richard |last2=Fetterolf |first2=Janell |last3=Mordecai |first3=Mara |date=September 15, 2020 |title=U.S. Image Plummets Internationally as Most Say Country Has Handled Coronavirus Badly |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/09/15/us-image-plummets-internationally-as-most-say-country-has-handled-coronavirus-badly/ |access-date=December 24, 2020 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> wa vyaru 13. Mu 2017, kuwona makora ulongozgi wa United States kukakhira chomene pakati pa vyaru vyabwezi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rating World Leaders: 2018 The U.S. vs. Germany, China and Russia |url=https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000161-0647-da3c-a371-867f6acc0001 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]] |via=[[Politico]]}} Page 9</ref> Mu United States, Trump wakasindikizgika chomene na ŵa chipani cha Republican: 88&nbsp;peresenti ya ŵa Republican na 7&nbsp;peresenti ya ŵa Democratic.<ref name="Jones">{{cite web |last=Jones |first=Jeffrey M. |date=January 18, 2021 |title=Last Trump Job Approval 34%; Average Is Record-Low 41% |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/328637/last-trump-job-approval-average-record-low.aspx |access-date=October 3, 2021 |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]]}}</ref> Mu kafukufuku wa Gallup wa 2021, wakaŵa pulezidenti yekha uyo wandafikepo pa 50&nbsp;peresenti ya kuvomerezgeka, ndipo wakaŵaso wakwamba kuleka kusankhika kuŵa munthu wakutemweka chomene mu chaka chake chakwamba pa udindo.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bach |first=Natash |date=December 28, 2017 |title=Trump Is the Only Elected U.S. President Not to Be Named America's Most Admired Man In His First Year |url=https://fortune.com/2017/12/28/gallup-most-admired-man-and-woman-obama-clinton/ |access-date=November 19, 2024 |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]}}</ref> === Masanjiro gha ŵasambizgi === {{further|Masanjiro gha mbiri ya ŵapulezidenti ŵa United States}} Pamanyuma pa nyengo yakwamba ya Trump, [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States#2021 C-SPAN|ŵakulemba mbiri ŵakasanja Trump]] kuŵa pulezidenti wa nambara yachinayi kufuma pasi mu kafukufuku wa [[C-SPAN]] wa 2021 wa ŵakulemba mbiri ya ŵapulezidenti.<ref>{{cite web |year=2021 |url=https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/ |title=Presidential Historians Survey 2021 |work=[[C-SPAN]] |access-date=June 30, 2021}}</ref> Wakasanga mavoti ghachoko chomene mu magulu gha ulongozgi wakwenerera na luso lwa kuwusa.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sheehey |first=Maeve |date=June 30, 2021 |title=Trump debuts at 41st in C-SPAN presidential rankings |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/06/30/trump-cspan-president-ranking-497184 |access-date=March 31, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Brockell |first=Gillian |title=Historians just ranked the presidents. Trump wasn't last. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/06/30/presidential-rankings-2021-cspan-historians/ |access-date=July 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 30, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kafukufuku wa [[Siena College Research Institute]] wa 2022 [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States#2022 Siena College|ukamusanja]] kuŵa wachitatu kufuma pasi. Wakasangika pafupi na umaliro mu magulu ghose kupatulako mwaŵi, kukhumbisiska kutora viwopsezo, na ulongozgi wa chipani, ndipo wakamalira paumaliro mu magulu ghanandi.<ref name="scri_22">{{cite web |url=https://scri.siena.edu/2022/06/22/american-presidents-greatest-and-worst/ |title=American Presidents: Greatest and Worst |publisher=[[Siena College Research Institute]] |date=June 22, 2022 |access-date=July 11, 2022}}</ref> Mu 2018 na 2024, [[American Political Science Association]] yikamusanja kuŵa pulezidenti muheni chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rottinghaus |first1=Brandon |last2=Vaughn |first2=Justin S. |date=February 19, 2018 |title=Opinion: How Does Trump Stack Up Against the Best—and Worst—Presidents? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/19/opinion/how-does-trump-stack-up-against-the-best-and-worst-presidents.html |access-date=July 13, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chappell |first=Bill |date=February 19, 2024 |title=In historians' Presidents Day survey, Biden vs. Trump is not a close call |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1232447088/historians-presidents-survey-trump-last-biden-14th |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> == Umoyo wa munthu == === Banja === {{main|Banja la Trump}} [[File:State Visit of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia State Dinner Receiving Line with Ivana Trump and Donald Trump in East Room - DPLA - 1a44d05819eab8ba3dcf7a6883ad92ba.jpg|thumb|Trump na muwoli wake Ivana pa chakurya cha boma mu 1985 pakupokelera Fumu [[Fahd wa Saudi Arabia]] pamoza na Pulezidenti [[Ronald Reagan]] na Muwoli Wakwamba [[Nancy Reagan]]|alt=Ivana Trump na Fumu Fahd ŵakukorana mawoko, apo Ronald Reagan wali pafupi nawo wakuseka.]] Mu 1977, Trump wakatora [[Ivana Zelníčková]].{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=300}} Ŵakaŵa na ŵana ŵatatu: [[Donald Jr.]] (wakababika mu 1977), [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] (wakababika mu 1981), na [[Eric Trump|Eric]] (wakababika mu 1984). Ivana wakachita ntchito yikuru pakupangiska kuti manyuzipepala na mawailesi vimulembere makora Trump, ivyo vikawovwira kupanga chithuzithuzi chake kuŵa munthu mukuru wa bizinesi ya malo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Blair |first=Gwenda |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/07/17/without-ivana-trump-there-is-no-donald-trump |title=Without Ivana, There's No 'The Donald' |work=[[Politico]] |date=July 17, 2022 |access-date=April 3, 2026}}</ref> Ŵakapatukana mu 1990, pamanyuma pakuti wakaŵa na chibwezi na modeli kweniso mulembi wa mafilimu [[Marla Maples]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Barron |first=James |author-link=James Barron (journalist) |date=December 12, 1990 |title=Trumps Get Divorce; Next, Who Gets What? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/12/nyregion/trumps-get-divorce-next-who-gets-what.html |access-date=March 5, 2023 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Iyo na Maples ŵakatorana mu 1993 ndipo ŵakapatukana mu 1999. Ŵali na mwana mwanakazi yumoza, [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] (wakababika mu 1993), uyo wakakulira na Maples ku California.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hafner |first=Josh |date=July 19, 2016 |title=Get to know Donald's other daughter: Tiffany Trump |url=https://usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2016/07/19/who-is-tiffany-trump/87321708/ |access-date=July 10, 2022 |newspaper=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Mu 2005, wakatora modeli wa ku Slovenia [[Melania Knauss]].{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=266}} Mwana wawo mwanalume [[Barron Trump|Barron]] wakababika mu 2006.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 2, 2021 |title=Donald Trump Fast Facts |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/07/04/us/donald-trump-fast-facts/ |access-date=September 29, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> ===Usambazi=== {{main|Usambazi wa Donald Trump}} [[File:1982- Net worth of Donald Trump.svg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|Usambazi wake pa nyengo zakupambanapambana, nga umo ukawerengekera na ''[[Forbes]]''<ref name="Forbes1982-">Source for years 1982–2000: {{cite magazine |date=October 3, 2023 |last=Alexander |first=Dan |title=Here's How Much Donald Trump Is Worth |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110003952/https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |archive-date=November 10, 2023<!-- DO NOT REMOVE the archive parameters in this citation. This cite is an exception case exempted from [[Talk:Donald Trump#C25|consensus 25]]. --> |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=March 28, 2026}} Data is not available for 1990 through 1995 because Trump was not included in the [[Forbes 400|''Forbes'' 400]] list.</ref><ref name=Forbes2001->Source for years 2001–2026: {{cite magazine |date=March 25, 2026 |last1=Alexander |first1=Dan |last2=Khan-Mullins |first2=Kyle |title=Here's How Much Donald Trump Is Worth |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref>]] Trump wakayowoya kuti wakamba ntchito yake na "ngongoli yichoko ya madola miliyoni yimoza" yakufuma kwa awiske, ndipo wakayenera kuyiwezga pamoza na chiwongolero.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stump |first=Scott |date=October 26, 2015 |title=Donald Trump: My dad gave me 'a small loan' of $1 million to get started |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2015/10/26/donald-trump-my-dad-gave-me-a-small-loan-of-1-million-to-get-started.html |access-date=November 13, 2016 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> Wakabwereka ndalama zakuluska madola miliyoni 60 kufuma kwa awiske, wakabwezga yayi ngongoli zinandi, ndipo wakapokera madola miliyoni 413 (mwakuyana na ndalama za 2018, para kwasazgikapo kukwera kwa mitengo) kufuma ku kampani ya malo ya awiske.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |author-link1=David Barstow |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |author-link3=Russ Buettner |date=October 2, 2018 |title=11 Takeaways From The Times's Investigation into Trump's Wealth |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-wealth-fred-trump.html |access-date=October 3, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Tax_Schemes"/> Wakati wakujichemanga kuti ni msilikali wa [[Trump Organization]] zina lake "[[John Barron (zina lakubisika)|John Barron]]", Trump wakachema mulembi wa nkhani Jonathan Greenberg mu 1984 kuti waleke kumupa malo ghapachanya pa mndandanda wa [[Forbes 400|''Forbes'' 400]] wa ŵanthu ŵasambazi chomene mu America.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/20/politics/trump-forbes-400-list-cnntv/ |title=Ex-Forbes reporter says Trump posed as executive, lied to him to crack Forbes 400 list |last=Stracqualursi |first=Veronica |date=April 20, 2018 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref>{{pb}}Trump wakajiyowoyera yekha kuti usambazi wake ukasintha chomene, kufuma pa minus madola miliyoni 900 mu 1990,<ref name="broke">{{cite news |last1=Hilzenrath |first1=David S. |last2=Singletary |first2=Michelle |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1992/11/29/trump-went-broke-but-stayed-on-top/e1685555-1de7-400c-99a8-9cd9c0bca9fe/ |title=Trump went broke, but stayed on top |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 29, 1992 |access-date=June 19, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> kufika pa madola biliyoni 10 mu 2015.{{sfn|Johnston|2021|p=20}} Pamanyuma pa kubankirapusi kwa mabizinesi ghake mu ma 1990, awo wakabwerekako ndalama ŵakamugowokera ngongoli zakuluska 80% za ngongoli zake ndipo ŵakamuzomerezga kulutilira kuŵa na malo ghanyake.<ref name="broke"/> Mu 2015, ''[[Forbes]]'' yikawona kuti usambazi wake ukaŵa madola biliyoni 4.5, mwakutolera pa mafumbo na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 80.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Lane |first=Randall |date=September 29, 2015 |title=Inside The Epic Fantasy That's Driven Donald Trump For 33 Years |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/randalllane/2015/09/29/inside-the-epic-fantasy-thats-driven-donald-trump-for-33-years/ |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=April 3, 2025}}</ref> Mu 2026, magazini iyi yikati usambazi wake ukaŵa madola biliyoni 6.5 ndipo yikamwika pa nambara 645 pa ŵanthu ŵasambazi chomene pa charu chose.<!-- UPDATE ANNUALLY (around early April) per [[Talk:Donald Trump#C5|consensus 5]]. --><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Peterson-Withorn |first1=Chase |last2=Chung |first2=Grace |last3=Durot |first3=Matt |year=2026 |title=Forbes World's Billionaires List - The Richest in 2026 |url=https://www.forbes.com/billionaires/ |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=March 24, 2026}} – Scroll down and enter "trump" in the search box.</ref> ===Ubwezi na Jeffrey Epstein=== {{main|Ubwezi wa Donald Trump na Jeffrey Epstein}} Trump wakaŵa paubwezi na [[Jeffrey Epstein]] kwa vyaka 15. Ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵamanyanga pa nyengo iyi ŵakati kanandi ŵakakhumbanga ŵanakazi ŵeneŵara ndipo ŵakachitanga mpikisano chifukwa cha ŵanakazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Goldstein |first2=Matthew |date=July 19, 2025 |title=Inside the Long Friendship Between Trump and Epstein |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/19/us/politics/inside-trump-epstein-friendship.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=August 27, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Nkhani iyi yikamba kutchukanga chomene mu mawayilesi na pakati pa ŵanthu mu 2025 apo boma lake likafumiska yayi [[Mafayilo gha Epstein|mafayilo ghakukhwaskana na Epstein]], nangauli Trump wakalayizga kuchita nthena pa kampeni ya chisankho cha 2024.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Victoria |last1=Bisset |first2=Dylan |last2=Wells |date=August 2, 2025 |title=A timeline of how the Epstein controversy became a headache for Trump |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/07/24/trump-jeffrey-epstein-relationship-controversy-timeline/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=August 27, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mafayilo ghanyake ghakafumiskika mu Disembala 2025, kweni ghanandi ghakaŵa ghakufipiskika kuti ghawonekeso yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 20, 2025 |title=6 Takeaways From the First Batch of the Epstein Files |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/19/us/politics/epstein-files-takeaways.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=December 20, 2025}}</ref> Pafupifupi mapeji miliyoni zitatu agho ghakafumiskika mu 2026 ghakaŵa na mazgu pafupifupi 38,000 agho ghakayowoyanga vya Trump, muwoli wake, Mar-a-Lago, na mazina ghanyake ghakukhwaskana na Trump. Vinthu ivyo vikayowoyanga vya Trump vikapangiska "nkhani zakukopa chidwi" kweniso mazgu ghambura kukhozgeka agho ŵakaboni ŵakayowoya mu malemba agho ghakalembeka kwamba m'ma 2000.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Eder |first1=Steve |last2=Bender |first2=Michael C. |author-link2=Michael C. Bender |last3=Enrich |first3=David |author-link3=David Enrich |date=February 1, 2026 |title=How Trump Appears in the Epstein Files |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/01/us/trump-epstein-files.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 6, 2026}}</ref> ===Umoyo=== {{main|Ukulu wa vyaka na nkhawa za umoyo wa Donald Trump}} Trump wakuti wandamwengepo moŵa, wandasutepo sigareti, panji kugwiliskira ntchito munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo,<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C67|consensus 67]]. --><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/us/trump-biden-alcohol.html |title=In Trump and Biden, a Choice of Teetotalers for President |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |date=October 30, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/kavanaugh-likes-beer--but-trump-is-a-teetotaler-he-doesnt-like-drinkers/2018/10/02/783f585c-c674-11e8-b1ed-1d2d65b86d0c_story.html |title=Kavanaugh likes beer — but Trump is a teetotaler: 'He doesn't like drinkers.' |last1=Parker |first1=Ashley |author-link1=Ashley Parker |last2=Rucker |first2=Philip |author-link2=Philip Rucker |date=October 2, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo wakuti wakugona maora ghanayi panji ghankhondi pera usiku uliwose.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C67|consensus 67]]. --><ref>{{cite news |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3970379/donald-trump-sleep-hours-night/ |title=Donald Trump sleeps 4–5 hours each night; he's not the only famous 'short sleeper' |last=Dangerfield |first=Katie |date=January 17, 2018 |work=[[Global News]] |access-date=February 5, 2021}}</ref>{{sfn|Almond|Du|2020}} Wakuti kuseŵera gofu ndiyo ni "nthowa yake yikuru yakuchitira maseŵero gha thupi", kweni kanandi wakwenda yayi pa malo ghose gha maseŵero agha.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thegolfnewsnet.com/golfnewsnetteam/2018/07/14/donald-trump-exercise-golf-cart-turnberry-110166/ |title=Donald Trump says he gets most of his exercise from golf, then uses cart at Turnberry |work=Golf News Net |date=July 14, 2018 |access-date=July 4, 2019 |first=Ryan |last=Ballengee}}</ref> Wakuwona kuti kuchita maseŵero gha thupi nkhusakwenelera chifukwa wakugomezga kuti thupi "lili nga ni batire, ilo lili na nkhongono zakumara", ndipo nkhongono izi zikumarapo chifukwa cha kuchita maseŵero gha thupi.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/trump-thinks-that-exercising-too-much-uses-up-the-bodys-finite-energy/2017/05/12/bb0b9bda-365d-11e7-b4ee-434b6d506b37_story.html |first=Rachael |last=Rettner |title=Trump thinks that exercising too much uses up the body's 'finite' energy |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 14, 2017 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|O'Donnell|Rutherford|1991|p=133}} In 2015, kampani ya Trump yikafumiska kalata yakufuma kwa dokotala wake wa nyengo yitali, [[Harold Bornstein]], iyo yikati wakazamuŵa "munthu wathanzi chomene uyo wakusankhika kuŵa pulezidenti".<ref name="dictation">{{cite news |first1=Alex |last1=Marquardt |first2=Lawrence III |last2=Crook |title=Exclusive: Bornstein claims Trump dictated the glowing health letter |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/01/politics/harold-bornstein-trump-letter/ |work=[[CNN]] |date=May 1, 2018 |access-date=May 20, 2018}}</ref> Mu 2018, Bornstein wakayowoya kuti Trump ndiyo wakamuphalira ivyo vilembeke mu kalata iyi ndipo ŵanthu ŵatatu awo ŵakimiranga Trump ŵakapoka mafayilo gha chipatala chake pa nyengo iyo ŵakachita msokwe mu ofesi yake mu Febuluwale 2017.<ref name="dictation" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-doc-says-trump-bodyguard-lawyer-raided-his-office-took-n870351 |title=Trump doctor Harold Bornstein says bodyguard, lawyer 'raided' his office, took medical files |last=Schecter |first=Anna |date=May 1, 2018 |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=June 6, 2019}}</ref> Kwambira mu 2025, Trump wakawonekanga nga wakugona pa maungano, ndipo ichi chikapangiska ŵanthu kufumba vya nkhongono zake na umo wakupwelelera umoyo wake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rogers |first1=Katie |author-link1=Katie Rogers (journalist) |last2=Freedman |first2=Dylan |date=November 25, 2025 |title=Shorter Days, Signs of Fatigue: Trump Faces Realities of Aging in Office |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/25/us/politics/trump-age-health.html |access-date=May 11, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Allison |first1=Natalie |last2=Diamond |first2=Dan |last3=Reiger |first3=JM |date=December 2, 2025 |title=Trump appears to doze off in another meeting |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/12/02/donald-trump-drowsy-cabinet-meeting/ |url-access=limited |access-date=May 11, 2026}}</ref> ===Chisopa=== {{main|Donald Trump na chisopa|Ŵakhristu awo ŵakukhozgera Donald Trump}} [[File:AI-Generated Image depicting Donald Trump as Jesus Christ.jpg|thumb|upright|Nkhani ya Epulero 2026|alt=Trump mu munjilira utope na chakuvwara chakofira panthazi pa mbendera ya America, na mawoko ghake ghakuwala ghakuchizga munthu uyo wagona pa bedi la chipatala. Ŵanthu ŵanayi, kusazgapo nesi na msilikari, ŵakulaŵiska apo mphwembe na ndege za nkhondo zikuluta kuchanya, ndipo kumanyuma kuli vimoto vya kusangwa pa [[Statue of Liberty]], pamoza na ŵasilikari ŵakuwoneka nga ni vivuzga na nyali zakufuma mu mabingu.]] Trump wakayowoya mu 2016 kuti wakaŵa [[Presbyterian]] ndiposo [[Protestant]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Campbell |first=Colin |title=Trump: If I'm president, 'Christianity will have power' in the US |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-christianity-merry-christmas-2016-1 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=January 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Engel |first=Pamela |title=Trump on God: 'Hopefully I won't have to be asking for much forgiveness' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-on-god-jesus-2016-6 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=June 8, 2016}}</ref> Mu 2020, wakayowoya kuti wakaŵa Mkhristu wambura kuŵikika ku chisopa chimoza.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Jenkins |first1=Jack |last2=Mwaura |first2=Maina |title=Trump, confirmed a Presbyterian, now identifies as 'non-denominational Christian' |url=https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2020/10/24/trump-confirmed-presbyterian-now-identifies-non-denominational |magazine=[[America (magazine)|America]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=October 24, 2020}}</ref> Mu nyengo yake yakwamba ya u pulezidenti, Trump wakasankha muphara wake wa chisopa,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |author-link1=Jeremy W. Peters |last2=Dias |first2=Elizabeth |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/02/us/politics/paula-white-trump.html |title=Paula White, Newest White House Aide, Is a Uniquely Trumpian Pastor |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 2, 2019 |access-date=August 14, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndiposo mlangizi wake wa vyauzimu,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Shellnut |first=Faith |url=https://www.christianitytoday.com/2019/11/white-house-appoints-paula-white-to-oversee-faith-outreach/ |title=Trump Appoints Paula White to Oversee Faith Office |magazine=[[Christianity Today]] |date=February 10, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref> mupharazgi wa pa TV [[Paula White-Cain]], kuŵa mu [[Office of Public Liaison|Ofesi ya Maubwezi gha Ŵanthu ya ku White House]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |author-link1=Jeremy W. Peters |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/31/us/politics/paula-white-trump.html |title=Paula White, Trump's Personal Pastor, Joins the White House |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 31, 2019 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu nyengo yake yachiŵiri, wakamusankha kuŵa mlangizi mukuru wa [[White House Faith Office|Ofesi ya Chisopa ya White House]] iyo yikapangika sonosono.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gabbatt |first=Adam |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/apr/05/paula-white-faith-office-trump |title='False teacher': Trump's pick to head the 'White House faith office' roils some fellow Christians |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=April 5, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bridges |first1=C. A. |last2=Walker |first2=Diamond |url=https://palmbeachpost.com/story/news/trump/2025/02/20/pastor-paula-white-facts-trumps-head-white-house-faith-office/78604425007/ |title=Trump's new faith office. What to know about controversial Florida pastor Paula White |newspaper=[[The Palm Beach Post]] |date=February 20, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref> Kafukufuku munyengo yake yakwamba ya u pulezidenti wakalongora kuti 63% ya ŵanthu mu America ŵakagomezganga yayi kuti wakaŵa munthu wa chisopa ndipo 44% ŵakagomezganga kuti wakaŵa Mkhristu.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fahmy |first=Dalia |date=March 25, 2020 |title=Most Americans don't see Trump as religious; fewer than half say they think he's Christian |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/03/25/most-americans-dont-see-trump-as-religious/ |access-date=April 21, 2023 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> Mu kafukufuku wa Epulero 2026, 70% ya awo ŵakafumbika ŵakati Trump ngwakusopa yayi chomene panji wakusopa yayi nadi.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rotolo |first=Chip |date=April 16, 2026 |title=Americans have become more likely to say Trump is not too or not at all religious |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2026/04/16/americans-have-become-more-likely-to-say-trump-is-not-too-or-not-at-all-religious/?cb_viewport=tablet |access-date=June 2, 2026 |work=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> Ivyo Trump wakayowoya vya Baibolo panji milimo ya Chikhristu vyapangiska ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakumususka kuyowoya kuti kumanya kwake Chikhristu nkhwachoko panji kwambura kwenelera, ndipo ŵalembi ŵachoko waka ŵa mbiri ya umoyo wake ŵakamulongosora kuti wakaŵa munthu wakusopa chomene yayi panji kuti wakaŵa wakusopa chomene nadi yayi.<ref name="LATimes17">{{cite news |last1=Friedman |first1=Ann |title=Op-Ed: Is Trump religious? Who cares? |url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-friedman-trump-religion-20170419-story.html |access-date=March 31, 2025 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=April 19, 2017}}</ref><ref name="NPR16">{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Jessica |title=Citing 'Two Corinthians,' Trump Struggles To Make The Sale To Evangelicals |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/01/18/463528847/citing-two-corinthians-trump-struggles-to-make-the-sale-to-evangelicals |access-date=March 31, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 18, 2016}}</ref> Mu Epulero 2026, Trump wakatumizga chithuzithuzi chakapangika na [[AI art|AI]] icho chikamulongora nga ni Yesu Khristu. Chithuzithuzi ichi chikafufutika pamanyuma pa kususkika. Pamanyuma wakayowoya kuti wakaghanaghananga kuti chithuzithuzi ichi chikamulongoranga nga ni dokotala.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rogers |first=Katie |author-link1=Katie Rogers (journalist) |date=April 13, 2026 |title=Trump Posted a Picture of Himself as Jesus. Now He's Trying to Explain It Away. |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/13/us/politics/trump-jesus-picture-pope-leo.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 4, 2026}}</ref> ==Wonaniso== * [[List of awards and honors received by Donald Trump]] * [[Pseudonyms used by Donald Trump]] ==Vyakuti mumanye== {{notelist}} ==Ukaboni== ===Citations=== {{reflist}} ===Mabuku ghakulembeka=== ====Wabuku waka==== <!-- This section is ONLY for books that are cited in footnotes of this Wikipedia article. --> {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last=Barrett |first=Wayne |author-link=Wayne Barrett |date=2016 |orig-date=1992 |title=Trump: The Greatest Show On Earth: The Deals, the Downfall, the Reinvention |publisher=[[Regan Arts]] |isbn=978-1-68245-079-6}} * {{cite book |title=[[The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire]] |last=Blair |first=Gwenda |author-link=Gwenda Blair |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2015 |orig-year=2001 |isbn=978-1-5011-3936-9}} * {{cite book |last1=Buettner |first1=Russ |author-link1=Russ Buettner |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |title=[[Lucky Loser (book)|Lucky Loser: How Donald Trump Squandered His Father's Fortune And Created The Illusion of Success]] |publisher=[[Penguin Press]] |date=2024 |isbn=978-0-593-29864-0}} * {{cite book |title=Never enough : Donald Trump and the pursuit of success |last=D'Antonio |first=Michael |author-link=Michael D'Antonio |date=2015 |publisher=Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-1-250-04238-5}} * {{cite book |title=[[Confidence Man: The Making of Donald Trump and the Breaking of America]] |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=2022 |publisher=Penguin Press |isbn=978-0-593-29734-6}} * {{cite book |last=Harvey |first=Michael |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003110361-1/introduction-michael-harvey |title=Donald Trump in Historical Perspective |date=2022 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-11036-1 |editor-last=Harvey |editor-first=Michael |chapter=Introduction: History's Rhymes |doi=10.4324/9781003110361-1}} * {{cite book |last=Hurt III |first=Harry |author-link=Harry Hurt III |year=1993 |title=Lost Tycoon |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]. |pages=447 |isbn=0-393-03029-6}} * {{cite book |last=Johnston |first=David Cay |author-link=David Cay Johnston |year=2016 |title=[[The Making of Donald Trump]] |publisher=[[Melville House Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-61219-658-9}} * {{cite book |last=Johnston |first=David Cay |author-link=David Cay Johnston |date=2021 |title=The Big Cheat: How Donald Trump Fleeced America And Enriched Himself And His Family |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-1-9821-7804-8}} * {{cite book |last1=Kakutani |first1=Michiko |title=The Death of Truth: Notes on Falsehood in the Age of Trump |date=2018 |publisher=[[Crown/Archetype]] |isbn=978-0-525-57484-2 |chapter=The Firehose of Falsehood: Propaganda and Fake News |author-link=Michiko Kakutani |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vlw_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT94}} * {{cite book |last=Klein |first=Naomi |author-link=Naomi Klein |date=2017 |title=[[No Is Not Enough]] |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0-14-198679-1}} * {{cite book |title=Trump Revealed: The Definitive Biography of the 45th President |last1=Kranish |first1=Michael |author-link1=Michael Kranish |last2=Fisher |first2=Marc |author-link2=Marc Fisher |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2017 |orig-year=2016 |isbn=978-1-5011-5652-6 |title-link=Trump Revealed}} * {{cite book |first=Jon |last=Meacham |author-link=Jon Meacham |title=[[Destiny and Power: The American Odyssey of George Herbert Walker Bush]] |date=2016 |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=978-0-8129-7947-3}} * {{cite book |title=TrumpNation: The Art of Being The Donald |year=2005a |author-link=Timothy L. O'Brien |last=O'Brien |first=Timothy L. |publisher=[[Grand Central Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-446-69617-3}} * {{cite book |title=Trumped! |last1=O'Donnell |first1=John R. |last2=Rutherford |first2=James |publisher=Crossroad Press Trade Edition |year=1991 |isbn=978-1-946025-26-5 |title-link=Trumped! (book)}} {{refend}}<!-- Resolve 5 harv no-citation script warnings in the cite bundle in #Racial_views -->{{cite whitelink|CITEREFLopez2019|CITEREFDesjardins2018|CITEREFDawsey2018|CITEREFStoddardMfula2018|CITEREFWeaver2018b}}{{sfn whitelist|CITEREFKranishFisher2017|CITEREFBlair2015|CITEREFO'DonnellRutherford1991}} ====Mapepala==== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal |last1=Adams |first1=Kenneth Alan |date=Spring 2021 |title=The Trump Death Cult |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/c5d4601ebe8dcb232f9ab2965e900d70/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=35407 |journal=[[Journal of Psychohistory]] |volume=48 |issue=4 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=256–276 |issn=0145-3378}} * {{cite journal |last1=Diamond |first1=Michael J. |date=February 22, 2023 |title=Perverted Containment: Trumpism, Cult Creation, and the Rise of Destructive American Populism |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |journal=Psychoanalytic Inquiry |volume=43 |issue=2 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=96–109 |issn=0735-1690 |doi=10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241106102947/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |archive-date=November 6, 2024 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |first1=Douglas |last1=Almond |first2=Xinming |last2=Du |journal=[[Economics Letters]] |title=Later bedtimes predict President Trump's performance |volume=197 |doi=10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109590 |date=December 2020 |article-number=109590 |pmid=33012904 |pmc=7518119 |issn=0165-1765}} * {{cite journal |last=Berman |first=Sheri |author-link=Sheri Berman |date=May 2021 |title=The Causes of Populism in the West |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=24 |issue= |pages=71–88 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102503 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Campani |first1=Giovanna |last2=Concepción |first2=Sunamis Fabelo |last3=Soler |first3=Angel Rodriguez |last4=Savín |first4=Claudia Sánchez |date=November 2, 2022 |title=The Rise of Donald Trump Right-Wing Populism in the United States: Middle American Radicalism and Anti-Immigration Discourse |journal=Societies |volume=12 |issue=6 |page=154 |doi=10.3390/soc12060154 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Castañeda |first1=Ernesto |last2=Jenks |first2=Daniel |date=April 17, 2023 |title=January 6th and De-Democratization in the United States |editor-last1=Costa |editor-first1=Bruno Ferreira |editor-last2=Parton |editor-first2=Nigel |journal=Social Sciences |publisher=[[MDPI]] |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=238–253 |doi=10.3390/socsci12040238 |doi-access=free |issn=2076-0760}} * {{cite journal |year=2018 |doi=10.1080/01463373.2018.1438485 |title=Make America Great Again: Donald Trump and Redefining the U.S. Role in the World |journal=[[Communication Quarterly]] |volume=66 |issue=2<!-- |pages=176–195 --> |page=176 |first=Jason A. |last=Edwards}} * {{cite journal |last1=Gaufman |first1=Elizaveta |last2=Ganesh |first2=Bharath |title=The Trump Carnival: Populism, Transgression and the Far Right Bias - Chapter 6: Laughing Culture |journal=De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences |volume=35 |date=2024 |pages=69–70 |doi=10.1515/9783111238135-006 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Benajmin E. |last2=Moen |first2=Lars J. K. |date=May 14, 2024 |title=The personality of a personality cult? Personality characteristics of Donald Trump's most loyal supporters |journal=[[Political Psychology]] |volume=46 |issue=Special Issue |pages=225–243 |issn=0162-895X |doi=10.1111/pops.12991 |doi-access=free|hdl=1885/733752725 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Johnson |first=Kevin R. |author-link=Kevin Johnson (lawyer) |title=Immigration and civil rights in the Trump administration: Law and policy making by executive order |journal=[[Santa Clara Law Review]] |year=2017a |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=611–665 |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/saclr57&div=21&id=&page=}} * {{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Kevin R. |author-link1=Kevin Johnson (lawyer) |last2=Cuison-Villazor |first2=Rose |title=The Trump Administration and the War on Immigration Diversity |journal=[[Wake Forest Law Review]] |date=May 2, 2019 |url=https://www.wakeforestlawreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/w10_VillazorJohnson.pdf |pages=575–616 |volume=54 |issue=2}} * {{cite journal |last1=Kaufman |first1=Robert R. |last2=Haggard |first2=Stephan |author-link2=Stephan Haggard |title=Democratic Decline in the United States: What Can We Learn from Middle-Income Backsliding? |journal=[[Perspectives on Politics]] |date=2019 |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=417–432 |doi=10.1017/S1537592718003377 |s2cid=149457724 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Lajevardi |first1=Nazita |last2=Oskooii |first2=Kassra A. R. |year=2018 |title=Old-Fashioned Racism, Contemporary Islamophobia, and the Isolation of Muslim Americans in the Age of Trump |journal=Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=112–152 |doi=10.1017/rep.2017.37}} * {{cite journal |last=McGurk |first=Brett |author-link=Brett McGurk |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/iran/2020-01-22/cost-incoherent-foreign-policy |title=The Cost of an Incoherent Foreign Policy: Trump's Iran Imbroglio Undermines U.S. Priorities Everywhere Else |journal=[[Foreign Affairs]] |date=January 22, 2020}} * {{cite journal |last1=Nacos |first1=Brigitte L. |author-link1=Brigitte L. Nacos |last2=Shapiro |first2=Robert Y. |author-link2=Robert Y. Shapiro |last3=Bloch-Elkon |first3=Yaeli |date=2020 |title=Donald Trump: Aggressive Rhetoric and Political Violence |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26940036 |journal=[[Perspectives on Terrorism]] |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=2–25 |issn=2334-3745 |jstor=26940036 |access-date=January 20, 2025}} * {{cite journal |last=O'Brien |first=Shannon |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-50551-6_3 |title=Donald Trump and the Kayfabe Presidency - Wrestling with the Presidency: How Donald Trump Uses Wrestling and Theatrical Tactics in the Public Sphere |journal=Rhetoric, Politics and Society |date=July 22, 2020 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-50551-6_3 |pages=39–58 |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |last1=Parker |first1=Christopher Sebastian |last2=Towler |first2=Christopher C. |date=May 2019 |title=Race and Authoritarianism in American Politics |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=22 |issue= |pages=503–519 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-064519 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Perry |first1=Samuel L. |author-link1=Samuel L. Perry |last2=Whitehead |first2=Andrew L. |last3=Grubbs |first3=Joshua B. |date=April 21, 2021 |title=The Devil That You Know: Christian Nationalism and Intent to Change One's Voting Behavior For or Against Trump in 2020 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S175504832100002X/type/journal_article |journal=Politics and Religion |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=229–246 |doi=10.1017/S175504832100002X |hdl=11244/334967 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Piazza |first1=James |last2=Van Doren |first2=Natalia |date=October 8, 2022 |title=It's About Hate: Approval of Donald Trump, Racism, Xenophobia and Support for Political Violence |journal=[[American Politics Research]] |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=299–314 |issn=1532-673X |doi=10.1177/1532673X221131561 |pmid=40787175 |pmc=12333664}} * {{cite journal |last1=Pion-Berlin |first1=David |author-link1=David Pion-Berlin |last2=Bruneau |first2=Thomas |last3=Goetze |first3=Richard B. Jr. |date=April 7, 2022 |title=The Trump self-coup attempt: comparisons and civil–military relations |journal=[[Government and Opposition]] |volume=FirstView |issue=4 |pages=789–806 |doi=10.1017/gov.2022.13 |s2cid=248033246 |doi-access=free|hdl=10945/72654 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Reyes |first1=Antonio |date=May 4, 2020 |title=I, Trump The cult of personality, anti-intellectualism and the Post-Truth era |url=https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |journal=Journal of Language and Politics |volume=19 |issue=6 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=869–892 |issn=1569-2159 |doi=10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |last1=Rothe |first1=Dawn L. |last2=Collins |first2=Victoria E. |date=November 17, 2019 |title=Turning Back the Clock? Violence against Women and the Trump Administration |journal=Victims & Offenders |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=965–978 |doi=10.1080/15564886.2019.1671284}} * {{cite journal |last=Ross |first=Bertrall L. |date=July 1, 2024 |title=Polarization, Populism, and the Crisis of American Democracy |journal=[[Annual Review of Law and Social Science]] |volume=20 |pages=293–308 |doi=10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-041922-035113 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Schaffner |first1=Brian F. |author-link1=Brian Schaffner |last2=Macwilliams |first2=Matthew |last3=Nteta |first3=Tatishe |date=March 2018 |title=Understanding White Polarization in the 2016 Vote for President: The Sobering Role of Racism and Sexism |journal=[[Political Science Quarterly]] |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=9–34 |doi=10.1002/polq.12737 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Stephens-Dougan |first=LaFluer |date=May 2021 |title=The Persistence of Racial Cues and Appeals in American Elections |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=24 |issue= |pages=301–320 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-082619-015522 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Sundahl |first1=Anne-Mette Holmgård |title=Personality Cult or a Mere Matter of Popularity? |journal=[[International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society]] |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=May 4, 2022 |pages=431–458 |doi=10.1007/s10767-022-09423-0 |pmid=35528318 |pmc=9066393}} * {{cite journal |last=Urbinati |first=Nadia |author-link=Nadia Urbinati |date=May 2019 |title=Political Theory of Populism |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753 |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=22 |access-date=December 20, 2024 |pages=111–127 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753 |url-access=subscription}} {{refend}} ==Wonani vinandi== * [[Bibliography of Donald Trump#Credited to Trump|Books credited to Trump]] * [[Bibliography of Donald Trump#About Trump|Books about Trump]] ==Ma webusaiti== {{library resources box|by=yes}} <!-- Please be cautious about adding external links. 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kugwiriska ntchito munkhwala wakuzweteska]] [[Category:Ŵasambiri ŵa Wharton School]] khrryqqyyzz02nh4tsrgjszfznzir7f 121663 121662 2026-09-05T07:09:51Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{good article}} {{short description|President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)}} {{redirect2|DJT|Trump|other uses|Donald Trump (disambiguation)|and|DJT (disambiguation)|and|Trump (disambiguation)}} {{pp-extended|small=yes}} {{pp-move}} {{use American English|date=November 2020}} {{use mdy dates|date=June 2026}} {{bots|deny=InternetArchiveBot}}<!-- Per [[Talk:Donald Trump#C25|consensus 25]]. --> {{stack begin}}<!-- DO NOT REMOVE. Required for correct vertical alignment of image at "Early life and education" in some user configurations. --> {{infobox officeholder | image = Official Presidential Portrait of President Donald J. Trump (2025) (cropped)(2).jpg | caption = [[Chithuzithuzi cha boma cha Donald Trump#Chithuzithuzi cha boma cha pulezidenti cha 2025|Chithuzithuzi cha boma, 2025]] | alt = Head-and-shoulders shot of Trump with a serious facial expression, his right eye partly closed. He is wearing a dark blue suit, a pale blue dress shirt, a red necktie, and an American flag lapel pin. Parts of the image are slightly out of focus. The background is black. | order = 45th & 47th<!-- DO NOT ADD A LINK. Please discuss any proposal on the talk page first. Most recent discussion at [[Talk:Donald Trump/Archive 65#Link-ifying "45th" in the Infobox?]] had a weak consensus to keep the status-quo (no link). --> | office = President of the United States | vice_president = [[JD Vance]] | term_start = January 20, 2025 | predecessor = [[Joe Biden]] | vice_president1 = [[Mike Pence]] | term_start1 = January 20, 2017 | term_end1 = January 20, 2021 | predecessor1 = [[Barack Obama]] | successor1 = Joe Biden | birth_name = Donald John Trump | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|6|14}} | birth_place = [[Queens]], New York City, U.S.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE (or add to) this location without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C2|consensus 2]]. --> | party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1969&ndash;1978, 1987&ndash;1999, 2009&ndash;2011,<br>2012&ndash;present) | other_party = {{unbulleted list | [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform]] (1999&ndash;2001) | [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (2001&ndash;2009) | [[Independent politician|Independent]] (2011&ndash;2012) }} <!-- DO NOT PIPE any of the following three links, per [[MOS:NOPIPE]]. -->| spouse = {{unbulleted list | {{marriage|[[Ivana Zelníčková]]|April 9, 1977|December 11, 1990|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Marla Maples]]|December 20, 1993|June 8, 1999|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Melania Knauss]]|January 22, 2005}} }} | children = {{hlist | [[Donald Jr.]] | [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] | [[Eric Trump|Eric]] | [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] | [[Barron Trump|Barron]] }} | parents = {{unbulleted list | [[Fred Trump]] | [[Mary Anne MacLeod]] }} | relatives = [[Trump family]] | education = [[University of Pennsylvania]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]]) | occupation = {{hlist | [[Political career of Donald Trump|Politician]] | [[Business career of Donald Trump|businessman]] | [[Media career of Donald Trump|media personality]] }} | signature = Trumpsignature2025.svg | signature_alt = Donald J. Trump stylized autograph, in ink | website = {{unbulleted list | {{URL|whitehouse.gov|White House website}} | {{URL|trumplibrary.gov|Presidential library}} | {{URL|trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov|White House archives (2017&ndash;2021)}} }} | module = {{listen voice | name = Trump <!-- [[MOS:SURNAME]] --> | filename = President Trump on the WHO's Declaration of COVID-19 as a Global Pandemic.wav | description = Trump pa ivyo [[World Health Organization]] yikapharazga kuti [[COVID-19]] ni nthenda iyo yapararira pa charu chose. | recorded = March 11, 2020 }} }} {{Donald Trump series}} {{stack end}}<!-- NOTE: Changes to the lead are regularly discussed on the talk page. DO NOT EDIT WAR. If you make a change that is reverted, please open a discussion or contribute to an existing one, per [[WP:BRD]]. Consensus items marked "DO NOT CHANGE" require prior discussion. If you add or remove a sentence with a section link, please also add or remove the hidden reminder following the section heading. --> '''Donald John Trump''' (wakababika pa June 14, 1946) ni munthu wa ndyali wa ku America, wakulemba nkhani, na wamalonda uyo ni pulezidenti wa 47 wa ku [[United States]]. Ni membala wa chipani cha Republican, iye wakawa pulezidenti wa 45 kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2021. Wakababikira mu mbumba ya musambazi ku New York, ndipo wakafuma ku Yunivesite ya [[Pennsylvania]] mu 1968 na digiri ya bachelor's degree mu economics. Mu 1971, wakazgoka pulezidenti wa kampani ya mbumba yake ya real estate, ndipo wakayithya zina lakuti Trump Organization, ndipo wakamba kuzenga nyumba zikuruzikuru, mahotelo, na malo ghakuwoneskerako gofu. Wakambiska mabizinesi ghanyake, ndipo ghanandi ghakaŵa na zina la Trump, ndipo mu vyaka vya m'ma 1990 na 2000, mabungwe agha ghakachita ukaboni wakuti ghakaŵa ghambura ndalama zinandi. Kufuma mu 2004 kufika mu 2015, wakapangiska pulogiramu ya pa TV ya The Apprentice, iyo yikamovwira kuti waŵe munthu musambazi. Trump wakajiwona kuti ni munthu wambura kuzomerezgeka pa nkhani ya ndyali, ndipo mu 2016 wakatonda Hillary Clinton, uyo wakaŵa musankhika wa chipani cha Democratic Party. Apo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba, Trump wakakanizga vyaru 7 ivyo vikaŵa na Ŵasilamu kuti ŵaleke kuluta ku caru cinyake, wakasazgirako mpanda wa pakati pa caru ca [[Mexico]] na United States, ndipo wakapangiska kuti mbumba zose zifwatukenge. Wakasintha malango ghakukhwaskana na malo na bizinesi, wakasazgirako msonkho, na kusora ŵeruzgi ŵatatu ŵa Khoti Likuru Chomene. Wakawuskapo U.S. mu mapangano ghakukhwaskana na mlengalenga na malonda ndipo wakambiska nkhondo ya malonda na China. Pakuzgorapo pa nthenda ya COVID-19 mu 2020, iyo wakachepeska ukali wake, wakususkana na ŵalaraŵalara ŵa vyaumoyo, na kusayinira dango la CARES Act. Wati watondeka pa visankho vya 2020 ku Joe Biden, Trump wakakana kuzomera kuti watondeka ndipo wakayezga kusintha ivyo vikachitika, ivyo vikapangiska kuti pa 6 Janyuwale, 2021 pa Capitol pachitike chindindindi. Wakapika mulandu kaŵiri, mu 2019 chifukwa cha kugwiliskira nchito mazaza mwambura kwenelera na kukanizga maungano gha boma, ndipo mu 2021 chifukwa cha kukhuŵilizga ŵanthu kuti ŵawukire boma. Mu 2023, Trump ŵakamusanga na mulandu wa kugonana na kusuzga ŵanthu, kweniso wa kuguliska malonda. Mu Meyi 2024, khoti la boma la New York likamusanga na mulandu pa nkhani 34 zakupusikizgira vinthu vya malonda, ndipo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa U.S. kukakika na mulandu. Wati wawina chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2024 kwa wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti Kamala Harris, wakapika chilango cha umoyo wose, ndipo milandu yiŵiri yakukhwaskana na kusunga malemba ghakale na kutondeska chisankho cha 2020 yikamara kwambura mulandu. Trump wakamba kuwusa kwaciŵiri mwa kulekeska nchito ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu boma. Wakapeleka msonkho ku vyaru vinandi uwo ukaŵa ukuru comene kwambira pa nyengo ya suzgo yikuru ya vyachuma, ndipo wakasazgapo dango la One Big Beautiful Bill Act. Ivyo boma lake likucita - kusazgapo kusuzga ŵanthu awo ŵakususkana nawo pa ndyali na ŵanthu ŵanyake, kukanizga wanangwa wa ŵanthu awo ŵakugonana na ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵanyawo, kuchimbizga ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵalije vikalata, na kugwiliskira nchito malango gha boma - vyapangiska kuti paŵe milandu yakujumpha 550. Ku Latin America, wakaluta ku ŵanthu awo ŵakaguliskanga minkhwala yakutimbanizga wongo, ndipo wakalangura ŵasilikari kuti ŵanjire mu caru ca [[Venezuela]] na kukora pulezidenti wa caru ici. Ku Middle East, wakazomerezga kuti boma la U.S. na la Israel liwukire Iran, ndipo ivi vikambiska nkhondo ya ku Iran mu 2026. Kuyambira mu 2015, ndondomeko ya Trump ndi ndondomeko yake ya ndale - yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Trumpism - yasintha chizindikiro cha Republican Party. Ŵanyake ŵakuti ivyo wakayowoya na kucita ni vyautesi. Wakayowoya vinthu vinandi vyautesi panji vyaupusikizgi pa nyengo ya kampeni yake na apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, vinthu ivyo vikaŵa kuti vindachitikepo mu ndyali za ku America. Ŵasayansi ŵakuti ivyo Trump wakucita ni vyaulamuliro ndipo vikupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kulondezga ndyali. Ŵasayansi na ŵalembi ŵa mdauko ŵakamulemba kuti wakaŵa yumoza wa mafumu ghaheni comene mu mdauko wa caru ca America.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C54|consensus 54]]. --> == Umoyo na masambiro == {{main|Early life and education of Donald Trump}} [[File:Donald Trump NYMA.jpg|upright=0.65|thumb|left|1964 yearbook photo|alt=A black-and-white photograph of Trump as a teenager, smiling, wearing a dark pseudo-military uniform with three ribbons and a white shoulder strap]]<!-- DO NOT MOVE this image to the right. Left alignment is required for correct vertical alignment in some user configurations. --> Donald John Trump wakababika pa June 14, 1946, ku Jamaica Hospital mu New York City borough of Queens, mwana wachinayi wa Fred Trump na Mary Anne MacLeod Trump.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=30, 37}} Iyo ni wa ku Germany na Scotland. Wakakulira mu nyumba ya vipinda 23 mu muzi wa Jamaica Estates ku Queens. Fred wakalipiranga ŵana ŵake waliyose $20,000 pa cilimika, ico cikayananga na $265,000 pa cilimika mu 2024. Apo wakaŵa na vilimika vinkhondi na vitatu, Trump wakaŵa musambazi comene.{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|pp=30–31}} Trump wakasambiranga pa sukulu ya Kew-Forest m'paka apo wakaŵa mu kilasi la 7. Ŵapapi ŵake ŵakamulembeska ku sukulu ya New York Military Academy, iyo yikaŵa sukulu ya pabweka. Sukulu iyi yikasambizganga ŵana kuti ŵasambirenge maseŵero na kuŵa na mtima wa kuwina. Trump wakaghanaghana vya kuluta ku sukulu ya kusambizga kuvina ku California, kweni kuti waŵe pafupi na kukwake, wakalembeska ku Yunivesite ya Fordham mu 1964. Mu chaka chakwamba, wakaluta ku sukulu ya ŵasilikari ya Reserve Officers' Training Corps, ndipo pa Chitatu chilichose wakavwaranga yunifomu ya usilikari. Kweni mu chaka chachiŵiri wakaleka. Mu chaka chakwamba, wakasamukira ku sukulu ya Wharton ya pa yunivesite ya Pennsylvania, ndipo kanandi wakendanga ku ofesi ya adada ŵake pa sabata. Mu Meyi 1968, wakasambira vya chuma. Mwakupambana na ivyo wakayowoya kuti wakaŵa waciŵiri mu kilasi lake, Wharton wakalemba yayi zina lake mu mabuku gha sukulu na mu mpukutu wake.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=47}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Selk |first=Avi |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 20, 2018 |title=It's the 50th anniversary of the day Trump left college and nearly had to go to war |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/05/20/its-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-day-trump-left-college-and-nearly-had-to-go-to-war/}}</ref> Apo wakaluta ku Wharton, wakaghanaghananga vya ntchito ya malonda. 13] Wakalekerathu kunjira usilikari pa nyengo ya nkhondo ya ku Vietnam chifukwa cha viwangwa ivyo vikaŵa mu makongono ghake.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=48}} == Ntchito ya bizinesi == {{main|Business career of Donald Trump}} {{further|Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia|Tax returns of Donald Trump|The Trump Organization}} ===Real estate=== {{see also|The Trump Organization#Real estate}} Kwambira mu 1968, Trump wakagwiranga nchito ku Trump Management, kampani ya adada ŵake ya real estate, iyo yikagwiranga nchito ya kupanga nyumba izo Fred wakazenga ku Queens, Staten Island, na Brooklyn. Mulimo wake ukuru ukaŵa wa kupoka ndalama za renti na kunozga nyumba kwa vilimika pafupifupi vinkhondi. Trump wakapempha adada ŵake kuti ŵalute ku Manhattan, uko vinthu vikaŵa vyakudura, kweni adada ŵake ŵakakhorwa na malo ghakutali. Mu 1971, wakasamukira ku Manhattan, uko wakanozga vyakuti wasamire ku ofesi ya adada ŵake. Chaka chenechichi, adada ŵake ŵakajizgora kuŵa mulara wa gulu ili, ndipo Trump wakazgoka pulezidenti. Trump wakamba kugwiliskira nchito gulu la Trump Organization nga ni nkhokwe ya mazina gha mabungwe gha adada ŵake.{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=250}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2005a|p=51}}{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=76}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2005a|p=51}}{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=52–53}}{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=50–51}}{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=75}} Roy Cohn, uyo wakaŵa munthu wakuzirwa chomene kwa Trump kufuma apo adada ŵake ŵakafwira, ndiyo wakanozganga masuzgo gha Trump, wakaŵa loya, kweniso wakaŵa msambizgi wake[23] kwa vyaka 13 mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980. Cohn wakamusambizga Trump kuti umoyo ni malonda. 25] Mu 1973, Cohn wakawovwira Trump kuti wapeleke mulandu ku boma la U.S. kwa ndalama zakukwana $100 million (zakuyana na $659 million mu 2022) pa mulandu uwo boma ili likapeleka wakuti malo gha Trump ghakaŵa na sankho ku ŵanthu ŵafipa na awo ŵakakhalanga mwenemumo. Nkhani iyi yikamara na dango la boma ilo likazomerezga kuti ŵaleke kupatura ŵanthu, ndipo pati pajumpha vyaka vinayi, mbumba ya Trump yikaluta ku khoti chifukwa cha kuswa dango ili. Apo wakawovwiranga mulimo wa Trump, Cohn wakaŵa mulaŵiliri wa katundu uyo wakaŵa na ŵabwezi ŵa mu gulu la Mafia ilo likalongozganga mawupu gha vyakuzenga. Mu 1979, Cohn wakalongosolera Trump Roger Stone, uyo wakaŵa mulaŵiliri wa vya ndyali, ndipo Trump wakalemba ntchito Stone kuti wazakamovwire pa nkhani za ndyali. Trump wakawonanga kuti wakutemwa kuzenga mulandu, kwambura kupwelerako ivyo vingacitika; nanga ni para watondeka, wakalongosoranga kuti wawina mulandu. Pakati pa 1991 na 2009, Trump wakapempha boma kuti liŵavikilire ku vimbundi pa bizinesi yake yinkhondi na yimoza: ya Plaza Hotel ku Manhattan, ya makasino ku Atlantic City, New Jersey, na kampani ya Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts. Mu 1992 na 1994, Trump, wakagwira nchito na ŵabali ŵake ŵanandi, ndipo wakapangiska kampani ya shell kuti yilute na kulipira ŵamalonda awo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito nyumba za Trump, na kulipira ndalama izo ku Trump Management na ndalama zinandi; ndalama izo zikakwera zikagwiliskirika nchito kuti boma lizomerezge kuti likwezge ndalama za nyumba zake. Padera pa kukwezga renti, ndalama izi zikapelekeka ku ŵana na mphuvya za Fred na kuchepeskako msonkho.<ref name="Tax_Schemes">{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |author-link1=David Barstow |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |author-link3=Russ Buettner |date=October 2, 2018 |title=Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html |access-date=October 2, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Ku Manhattan na ku Chicago ==== [[File:Donald Trump with model of Television City.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Mu 1985 wali na cithuzithuzi ca mulimo wake wa ku Manhattan uwo ukamara<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Handy |first=Bruce |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/04/trump-tower-real-estate-projects/583243/ |title=Trump Once Proposed Building a Castle on Madison Avenue |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |date=April 1, 2019 |access-date=July 28, 2024}}</ref>|alt=Donald Trump, in a black suit and red tie, standing in from of a model of Manhattan development projects]] Mu 1978, Trump wakamba kumanyikwa na ŵanthu apo wakambiska bizinesi ya mbumba yake ya ku Manhattan, iyo yikaŵa yakunozga Commodore Hotel, iyo yikaŵa pafupi na Grand Central Terminal. Ŵakacita nthena cifukwa cakuti adada ŵake ŵakamupelekezga ndalama zakukwana madola 400 miliyoni za msonkho wa katundu wa mu msumba uwu. Ŵakaŵasazgirako ndalama zakukwana madola 70 miliyoni za ngongole ya kuzenga. Mu 1980, ŵakajura hotelo iyi na kuyichema kuti Grand Hyatt Hotel, ndipo mu chaka chenechichi, ŵakazomerezgeka kuzenga Trump Tower, iyo yikaŵa nyumba yapachanya ku Midtown Manhattan. Nyumba iyi ndiyo yikaŵa likuru la Trump Corporation na komiti ya Trump ya political action committee (PAC) ndipo yikaŵa nyumba ya Trump mpaka mu 2019. Mu 1988, Trump wakagura hotelo ya Plaza na ngongoli kufuma ku mabanki 16. Mu 1992, hotelo iyi yikachita ukaboni wakuti yikwenda makora yayi, ndipo pamanyuma pa mwezi umoza, yikapangaso pulani yakuti yikhazikiskikeso, ndipo mabanki ghakamba kuwusa hotelo iyi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's Plaza Hotel Bankruptcy Plan Approved |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 12, 1992 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/12/business/company-news-trump-s-plaza-hotel-bankruptcy-plan-approved.html |agency=[[Reuters]] |access-date=May 24, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Kessler |author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |title=Trump's false claim he built his empire with a 'small loan' from his father |date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/03/03/trumps-false-claim-he-built-his-empire-with-a-small-loan-from-his-father |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=x2jUDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA84 84]}}<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Expanding Empire of Donald Trump |date=April 8, 1984 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |first=William E. |last=Geist |author-link=Bill Geist |magazine=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/08/magazine/the-expanding-empire-of-donald-trump.html |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/04/business/company-news-trump-revises-plaza-loan.html |title=Trump Revises Plaza Loan |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 4, 1992 |access-date=May 23, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 1995, Trump wakaleka kulipira ngongoli ya madola 3 biliyoni gha ku banki, ndipo awo ŵakamupa ngongoli ŵakakora hotelo ya Plaza pamoza na katundu wake munyake mu ndondomeko ya "kuwezgeramo vinthu mu nyumba" iyo yikawovwira kuti waleke kuŵa na ndalama zinandi. Ntchito yikuru ya Trump yikaŵa ya kuzenga nyumba ya Trump International Hotel and Tower iyo yikaŵa na nyumba zakudikanya 92. Nyumba iyi yikajulika mu 2008. Mu 2024, nyuzipepara ya The New York Times na ProPublica zikayowoya kuti ofesi ya Internal Revenue Service yikakhumbanga kumanya usange wakaleka kuzenga nyumba iyo wakawona kuti njambura kuzirwa.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kiel |first1=Paul |last2=Buettner |first2=Russ |author-link2=Russ Buettner |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-irs-audit-chicago-hotel-taxes |title=IRS Audit of Trump Could Cost Former President More Than $100 Million |work=[[ProPublica]] |date=May 11, 2024 |access-date=August 26, 2024}}</ref> ==== Makasino gha mu Atlantic City ==== [[File:Trump Taj Mahal, 2007.jpg|thumb|alt=The entrance of the Trump Taj Mahal, a casino in Atlantic City. It has motifs evocative of the Taj Mahal in India.|Malo ghakunjilira ku Trump Taj Mahal (lero ni Hard Rock Hotel & Casino) ku Atlantic City, New Jersey.]] Mu 1984, Trump wakajura Harrah's pa Trump Plaza, hotelo na kasino, na ndalama na wovwiri wa wupu wa Holiday Corporation. Vinthu vikamwendera makora yayi, ndipo wakalipira Holiday madola 70 miliyoni mu Meyi 1986 kuti ndiyo waŵe na mazaza ghose. Mu 1985, wakagura hotelo ya Atlantic City Hilton iyo yikaŵa kuti yindajure na kuyithya zina lakuti Trump's Castle. Mu 1988, Trump wakagura malo ghachitatu mu Atlantic City, Trump Taj Mahal. Yikasangika na ndalama zakukwana madola 675 miliyoni ndipo yikamara kuzengeka na ndalama zakukwana madola 1.1 biliyoni, ndipo yikajulika mu Epulero 1990. Mu 1991, wakapempha boma kuti limovwire. Mwakuyana na ivyo vyayowoyeka mu phangano ili, Trump wakaleka hafu ya katundu wake ndipo wakalayizga kuti vinthu viŵenge makora munthazi. Kuti wachepeske ngongoli yake ya madola 900 miliyoni, wakaguliska kampani ya ndege ya Trump Shuttle; boti lake likuru, la Trump Princess, ilo wakalipeleka ku makasino ghake na kuliguliska ku malo ghanyake; na mabizinesi ghanyake. Mu 1995, Trump wakambiska Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts (THCR), iyo yikamba kuŵa na Trump Plaza. THCR yikagura nyumba ya Taj Mahal na Trump Castle mu 1996 ndipo yikamba kuswa ndalama mu 2004 na mu 2009, ndipo yikamuleka na 10 peresenti. Wakalutilira kuŵa mulongozgi wa gulu ili mpaka mu 2009.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://fortune.com/2016/03/10/trump-hotel-casinos-pay-failure/ |title=How Donald Trump Made Millions Off His Biggest Business Failure |last=Tully |first=Shawn |author-link=Shawn Tully |date=March 10, 2016 |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |access-date=May 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Saxon |first=Wolfgang |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/28/nyregion/trump-buys-hilton-s-hotel-in-atlantic-city.html |title=Trump Buys Hilton's Hotel in Atlantic City |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 28, 1986 |access-date=May 25, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=351}} ====Mawupu gha Gofu==== Mu 1985, Trump wakagura nyumba ya Mar-a-Lago ku Palm Beach, Florida. Mu 1995, wakasintha malo agha na kughamba kuŵa gulu la ŵanthu ŵake na kulipira ndalama zakukwana chaka chilichose. Trump wakalutilira kugwiliskira nchito cipinda cinyake ca nyumba iyo kuŵa cikaya cake. Wakapharazga kuti club iyi ndiyo yikwenera kuŵa nyumba yake mu 2019. Mu 1999, Trump wakamba kuzenga na kugura malo gha gofu, ndipo mu 2016 wakaŵa na malo 17 pa charu chose.<ref>{{cite news |last=Garcia |first=Ahiza |date=December 29, 2016 |title=Trump's 17 golf courses teed up: Everything you need to know |url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/29/news/donald-trump-golf-courses/ |access-date=December 15, 2025 |work=[[CNN Business]]}}</ref> === Kupeleka License ya Zina la Trump === {{see also|List of things named after Donald Trump}} Gulu la Trump kanandi likagaŵanga mazina gha Trump pa vinthu ivyo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito, nga ni vyakurya, vyakuvwara, masambiro, na vinthu vya mu nyumba. Wakapangana na makampani ghakujumpha 50 kuti ghapike mapenshoni, ndipo ghakapanga ndalama zakukwana madola 59 miliyoni. Kuzakafika mu 2018, makampani ghaŵiri pera agho ghakupanga katundu wakukhumbikwa ndiwo ghakalutilira kupeleka zina la Trump. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, wakapanga nyumba zinandi. Vinthu 40 ivyo wakapharazga vikamara yayi.{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|p=410}} === Ntchito zinyake === {{see also|Donald Trump and American football}} [[File:Donald Trump and Doug Flutie at a press conference in the Trump Tower.jpg|thumb|left|1985 New Jersey Generals msonkhano wa ŵatolamakani ku Trump Tower|alt=Trump, Doug Flutie, and New Jersey Generals head coach Walt Michaels standing behind a lectern with big, round New Jersey Generals sign, with members of the press seated in the background]] Mu 1970, Trump wakasunga ndalama zakukwana $70,000 za adada ŵake kuti wapokere ndalama zakucitira cinthu cinyake pa Broadway, kweni ndalama izi zikamumara. Wati wagura timu ya New York Mets na ya Cleveland Indians, mu 1983 wakagura ya New Jersey Generals, iyo yikaŵa ya United States Football League. Mpikisanowo unatha pambuyo pa nyengo ya 1985, makamaka chifukwa cha kuyesa kwake kusamukira ku ndondomeko ya kugwa (pamene iyo ikanakhala ikupikisana ndi National Football League kwa omvera) ndi kuyesa kwake kukakamiza kugwirizana ndi NFL mwa kubweretsa chovala chotsutsa. Mu 1989 na 1990, wakalemba zina lake pa Tour de Trump, mu chiyezgo cha ku America kuti wapangiske viphalizgano vya ku Europe nga ni Tour de France panji Giro d'Italia. Kufuma mu 1986 kufika mu 1988, wakagura masheya ghanandi mu makampani ghakupambanapambana agho ghakaŵa pa malo ghakupambanapambana, ndipo wakaguliska masheya agha kuti wasangepo phindu. Nyuzipepara ya The New York Times yikati, pakwamba wakapanga ndalama zinandi comene mu malonda gha malonda agha, kweni "wakazitaya zose para ŵamalonda ŵaleka kughanaghanira ivyo wakayowoya"..<ref name="Buettner-190508">{{cite news |last1=Buettner |first1=Russ |author-link1=Russ Buettner |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |date=May 7, 2019 |title=Decade in the Red: Trump Tax Figures Show Over $1 Billion in Business Losses |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/05/07/us/politics/donald-trump-taxes.html |access-date=May 8, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref>[[File:Donald Trump star Hollywood Walk of Fame.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]|alt=A red star with a bronze outline and "Donald Trump" and a TV icon written on it in bronze, embedded in a black terrazzo sidewalk]] Mu 1988, Trump wakagura ndege ya Eastern Air Lines Shuttle, na ndalama zakukwana $380 miliyoni (kuyana na $0.94 biliyoni mu 2022) mu ngongole kufuma ku mabanki 22. Wakasintha zina la ndege iyi kuŵa Trump Shuttle ndipo wakayigwiranga m'paka mu 1992. Mu 1991, wakaleka kulipira ngongoli zake, ndipo mabanki ghakamba kumuguliska. Mu 1996, wakagura viphikiro vya Miss Universe, kusazgapo Miss USA na Miss Teen USA. Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi CBS pa ndondomeko, iye anatenga awiri okongola ku NBC mu 2002. Mu 2007, wakapokera nyenyezi pa Hollywood Walk of Fame chifukwa cha ntchito yake ya kupanga Miss Universe. NBC na Univision ŵakaleka kupokelera vipharazgo ivi mu Juni 2015 chifukwa cha ivyo wakayowoya vyakukhwaskana na ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Mexico.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2015/06/29/nbc-dumps-trump/29471971/ |title=NBC to Donald Trump: You're fired |work=[[USA Today]] |first=Maria |last=Puente |date=June 29, 2015 |access-date=July 28, 2015}}</ref> ==== Yunivesite ya Trump ==== IMu 2005, Trump wakambiska Trump University, kampani iyo yikaguliskanga masemina gha malonda gha malo ghakukwana $35,000. Ŵalara ŵa boma la New York ŵakati ŵaphalira kampani iyi kuti yikupambana na malango gha boma pakuzunura "yunivesite" chifukwa yikaŵa sukulu yayi, mu 2010 ŵakasintha zina la kampani iyi kuŵa Trump Entrepreneur Initiative. Mu 2013, boma la New York likadumura mulandu wa madola 40 miliyoni ku Trump University, likati kampani iyi yikapeleka mauthenga ghautesi na kupusika ŵanthu. Mwakusazgirapo, milandu yiŵiri yikadumulika mu khoti la boma kwimikana na iyo na makampani ghake. Mabuku gha mukati ghakulongora kuti ŵantchito ŵakaphalirika kuti ŵagwirenge nchito mwakusuzga, ndipo awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu yunivesite iyi ŵakayowoya kuti Trump University yikapusika panji kupusika ŵasambiri ŵake. Wati wawina masankho gha 2016, wakazomera kupeleka ndalama zakukwana $25 miliyoni kuti milandu yitatu iyi yimare.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/19/us/politics/trump-university.html |title=Donald Trump Agrees to Pay $25 Million in Trump University Settlement |last=Eder |first=Steve |date=November 18, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 18, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ===Mawupu ghamu mizi=== {{main|Donald J. Trump Foundation}} Zina lake ni Donald J. Wupu wa Trump ukaŵanga wupu waŵene uwo ukakhazikiskika mu 1988. Kufuma mu 1987 m'paka 2006, Trump wakapeleka ndalama zakukwana $5.4 miliyoni ku wupu wake, ndipo ndalama izi zikaŵa kuti zagwira kale ntchito mu 2006. Wakati wapeleka ndalama zakukwana $65,000 mu 2007 ⁇ 2008, wakaleka kupeleka ndalama zake ku gulu ili, ilo likapokera ndalama zinandi kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵanyake, kusazgapo $5 million kufuma kwa Vince McMahon. Wupu uwu ukapelekanga ndalama ku mawupu gha vyaumoyo na maseŵero, mawupu gha ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa vyakusanguluska, na mawupu agho ghakachitanga viphikiro mu nyumba za Trump. Mu 2016, nyuzipepara ya The Washington Post yikati gulu ili likachita vinthu vyakupambanapambana pa nkhani ya malango, kusazgapo kuguliska katundu na kuleka kupeleka msonkho. Kweniso mu chaka cha 2016, loya mukuru wa boma la New York wakayowoya kuti wupu uwu waswa malango gha boma pakulomba vyawanangwa kwambula kujilambika ku kafukufuku wa pachaka ndipo wakalangula kuti wupu uwu uleke ntchito zawo zakusonkha ndalama ku New York nyengo yeneyiyo. 6] Mu Disembala 2016, Trump wakayowoya kuti wupu uwu uzamumalizgika, kweni wakazomerezgeka yayi. Mu Juni 2018, ofesi ya loya mukuru wa boma la New York yikanjizga mulandu wa civil against the foundation, Trump, and his adult children, kupenja $2.8 million mu restitution and additional penalties. Mu Disembala 2018, wupu uwu ukaleka kugwira nchito na kupeleka ndalama zake ku wupu unyake. Mu Novembala wa 2019, jaji wa boma la New York wakalangura Trump kuti wapeleke $2 miliyoni ku gulu la ŵanthu ŵakupeleka wovwiri cifukwa ca kugwiliskira nchito uheni ndalama za m'bungwe ili, kuti wapeleke ndalama zakwendeskera kampeni yake.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/trump-foundation-ordered-pay-2m-collection-nonprofits-part/story?id=66827235 |title=President Donald Trump ordered to pay $2M to collection of nonprofits as part of civil lawsuit |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=November 7, 2019 |access-date=November 7, 2019 |first=Aaron |last=Katersky |author-link=Aaron Katersky}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango na za banki === {{main|Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump}} Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu makhoti gha mu vyaru na gha mu vyaru vinyake, ivyo vikalembeka na USA Today mu 2018, Trump na mabizinesi ghake ŵakakakika mu milandu yakujumpha 4,000. Nangauli Trump wandayowoyepo kuti wali na suzgo la ndalama, kweni bizinesi yake ya hotelo na kasino ku Atlantic City na New York, iyo yikaguliskanga ndalama zinandi, yikayowoyerathu kuti yili na suzgo la ndalama maulendo 6 kufuma mu 1991 kufika mu 2009. Banki iyi yikalutilira kugwira nchito apo banki yikanozga ngongoli na kuchepeska katundu wake mu nyumba izi. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1980, mabanki ghakujumpha 70 ghakapeleka ndalama kwa Trump zakukwana madola 4 biliyoni. Mu ma 1990, mabungwe ghakurughakuru gha banki ghakaleka kumupa ndalama, kupaturako Deutsche Bank. Pamanyuma pa kupanikizgika kwa nyumba ya Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, Deutsche Bank nayo yikasankha kuti yileke kucita nayo bizinesi panji kampani yake munthazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Riley |first1=Charles |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |title=Deutsche Bank won't do any more business with Trump |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/12/investing/deutsche-bank-trump/ |access-date=September 14, 2022 |work=[[CNN]] |date=January 12, 2021}}</ref> ==Ntchito ya pa mawayilesi na vyachisangulusko== {{main|Media career of Donald Trump}} Trump wali kulemba [[Bibliography of Donald Trump|mabuku 19 pasi pa zina lake]], ghanandi ghake ghakalembeka panji kulembeka pamoza na [[ghostwriters]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-books-tweet-ghostwriter-tim-o-brien-tony-schwartz-writer-response-a8431271.html |title=Trump boasted about writing many books – his ghostwriter says otherwise |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |first=Andrew |last=Buncombe |date=July 4, 2018 |access-date=October 11, 2020}}</ref> Buku lake lakwamba, la 1987 lakuti ''[[The Art of the Deal|Art of the Deal]]'', likalembeka na [[Tony Schwartz (author)|Tony Schwartz]], uyo wakulongosoreka kuti wakaŵa mulembi munyake wa buku ili. Buku ili likaŵa pa [[The New York Times Best Seller list|mndandanda wa ''New York Times'' Best Seller]] ndipo likamupangiska Trump kumanyika chomene kuwaro kwa New York nga ni munthu musambazi kweniso wakuchita makora bizinesi.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/07/25/donald-trumps-ghostwriter-tells-all |title=Donald Trump's Ghostwriter Tells All |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |first=Jane |last=Mayer |author-link=Jane Mayer |date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=June 19, 2017}}</ref> Trump wakawoneka mu mafilimu ghanandi kweniso mu mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ya kanema kufuma mu 1985 mpaka 2001.<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Adrienne |last=LaFrance |author-link=Adrienne LaFrance |title=Three Decades of Donald Trump Film and TV Cameos |date=December 21, 2015 |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/12/three-decades-of-donald-trump-film-and-tv-cameos/421257/}}</ref> Trump wakasambira umo wakachitiranga ndyali kufuma ku [[professional wrestling]]. Kwambira kumapeto kwa m'ma 1980, nyengo zinyake wakachitanga ngati ndiyo mweneuyo pa vyakuchitika vya [[WWE]], nga ni bwana musambazi chomene, kusazgapo [[WrestleMania 23]] mu 2007.{{sfn|Gaufman|Ganesh|2024|pp=69–70}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2020|p=42}} Kwambira m'ma 1990, Trump wakawonekera kaŵiri na kanayi (24) nga ni mulendo pa pulogiramu ya ''[[Howard Stern Show]]'' iyo yikafikanga charu chose.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=x2jUDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA166 166]}} Wakaŵaso na pulogiramu yake yifupi ya wayilesi yakudumbiskana, ''[[Trumped!]]'', kufuma mu 2004 mpaka 2008.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Massie |first1=Christopher |last2=Kaczynski |first2=Andrew |author-link2=Andrew Kaczynski |title=There Are Hours Of Audio Of Donald Trump's Nationally Syndicated Radio Show In The 2000s |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/christophermassie/theres-hours-of-audio-of-donald-trumps-nationally-syndicated |work=[[BuzzFeed]] |access-date=December 6, 2024 |date=March 16, 2016}}</ref> Kufuma mu 2011 mpaka 2015, wakaŵa mlendo wakuyowoyapo ndemanga pa ''[[Fox & Friends]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Grossmann |first1=Matt |last2=Hopkins |first2=David A. |title=How the conservative media is taking over the Republican Party |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/09/09/how-the-conservative-media-is-taking-over-the-republican-party/ |access-date=October 19, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=September 9, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 2021, Trump, uyo wakaŵa membala wa [[SAG-AFTRA]] kufuma mu 1989, wakafumamo mu wupu uwu kuti waleke kuwoneka pa mphara ya chilango yakukhwaskana na kuwukira kwa pa Janyuwale 6; mazuŵa ghaŵiri ghakati ghajumphapo, wupu uwu ukamukanizga kwamuyirayira kuŵaso membala.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Harmata |first=Claudia |url=https://people.com/tv/sag-aftra-bans-donald-trump-future-readmission/ |title=Donald Trump Banned from Future Re-Admission to SAG-AFTRA: It's 'More Than a Symbolic Step' |magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]] |date=February 7, 2021 |access-date=February 8, 2021}}</ref> Wakupanga mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ya kanema [[Mark Burnett]] wakapangiska Trump kuŵa nyenyezi ya pa wayilesi ya kanema{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|p=7}} apo wakalenga pulogiramu ya [[The Apprentice (American TV series)|''The Apprentice'']], iyo Trump wakalongozganga kufuma mu 2004 mpaka 2015 (kusazgapo mtundu unyake wa ''[[The Celebrity Apprentice|The Celebrity Apprentice]]''). Mu mapulogiramu agha, wakawonekanga nga ni mulara mukuru musambazi chomene wa kampani uyo wakafumiskanga ŵakwimilira pa mpikisano na [[mazgu ghakumanyikwa]] ghakuti "wamazga ntchito". ''The New York Times'' yikachema umo wakajilongosoleranga kuti "nthowa yakumuthamikira chomene kweniso yakunozga nkhani mwakupambaniska na unenesko" ya iyomwene.<ref name="show">{{cite news |last1=Grynbaum |first1=Michael M. |last2=Parker |first2=Ashley |author-link2=Ashley Parker |date=July 16, 2016 |title=Donald Trump the Political Showman, Born on 'The Apprentice' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/17/business/media/donald-trump-apprentice.html |access-date=July 8, 2018 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mapulogiramu agha ghakasintha umo ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanandi mu charu chose cha United States ŵakamuwoneleranga Trump.<ref name="show"/><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Nussbaum |first=Emily |author-link=Emily Nussbaum |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/07/31/the-tv-that-created-donald-trump |title=The TV That Created Donald Trump |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=July 24, 2017 |access-date=October 18, 2023}}</ref> Kwendeskera pamoza na mapangano ghakuzomerezga kugwiliskira ntchito zina lake na malonda ghake, wakasangapo ndalama zakujumpha US$400 miliyoni.<ref>{{cite news |last=Poniewozik |first=James |author-link=James Poniewozik |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/28/arts/television/trump-taxes-apprentice.html |title=Donald Trump Was the Real Winner of 'The Apprentice' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 28, 2020 |access-date=October 18, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> == Kukhumba kunjira mu ndyali pakwamba == {{further|[[Ntchito ya ndyali ya Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump speaking at CPAC 2011 by Mark Taylor.jpg|thumb|Kuyowoya pa [[Conservative Political Action Conference|CPAC]], Febuluwale 2011|alt=Trump, leaning heavily onto a lectern, with his mouth open mid-speech and a woman clapping next to him]] Trump wakalembeska kuti ni wa chipani cha [[Republican Party|Republican]] mu Queens mu 1969 ndipo ku Manhattan mu 1987;{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=75}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Gillin |first=Joshua |date=August 24, 2015 |title=Bush says Trump was a Democrat longer than a Republican 'in the last decade' |url=https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2015/aug/24/jeb-bush/bush-says-trump-was-democrat-longer-republican-las/ |access-date=September 23, 2025 |work=[[PolitiFact]]}}</ref> wakaŵa membala wa [[Independence Party of New York|Chipani cha Independence cha New York]], nthambi ya boma la New York ya [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]], mu 1999; wa [[Democratic Party (United States)|Chipani cha Democratic]] mu 2001; Republican mu 2009; [[Independent politician|wambura chipani]] mu 2011; ndipo Republican mu 2012.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hall |first=Amy |title=Donald Trump was once a registered Democrat and party donor. So why did he jump ship? |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/donald-trump-was-once-a-registered-democrat-and-party-donor-why-did-he-jump-ship/wj85mj5yq |website=[[SBS News]] |access-date=March 29, 2025 |date=July 25, 2024}}</ref> Mu 1987, Trump wakafumiska malonda gha ukuru wa peji yose mu manyuzipepara ghakuru,<ref name="hint">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/02/nyregion/trump-gives-a-vague-hint-of-candidacy.html |title=Trump Gives a Vague Hint of Candidacy |work=[[The New York Times]] |first=Michael |last=Oreskes |author-link=Michael Oreskes |date=September 2, 1987 |access-date=February 17, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakalongosoranga maghanoghano ghake pa ndyali za vyaru vinyake kweniso umo wangamalira kusoŵeka kwa ndalama mu bajeti ya boma la federal.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/18/us/trump-urged-to-head-gala-of-democrats.html |title=Trump Urged To Head Gala Of Democrats |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 18, 1987 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |first=Fox |last=Butterfield |author-link=Fox Butterfield |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 1988, wakaluta kwa [[Lee Atwater]], wakamupempha kuti wamughanaghanire kuŵa wanyake wakwimilira pamoza na munthu wakwimira chipani cha Republican, [[George H. W. Bush]]. Bush wakati pempho ili "likaŵa lachilendo kweniso lakusuzga kugomezga".{{sfn|Meacham|2016|p=326}}<ref>{{cite news |title=George W. Bush 'surprised' by dad's criticism, author says |last=Gass |first=Nick |date=November 6, 2015 |access-date=December 20, 2024 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/george-w-bush-father-book-215588 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Trump [[Donald Trump 2000 presidential campaign|wakaŵa wakwimilira]] pa [[2000 Reform Party presidential primaries|ma primaries gha purezidenti gha Reform Party gha 2000]] kwa myezi yitatu pambere wandafumemo mu Febuluwale 2000.<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Winger |author-link=Richard Winger |title=Donald Trump Ran For President in 2000 in Several Reform Party Presidential Primaries |date=December 25, 2011 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |website=[[Ballot Access News]] |url=https://ballot-access.org/2011/12/25/donald-trump-ran-for-president-in-2000-in-several-reform-party-presidential-primaries/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Clift |first=Eleanor |author-link=Eleanor Clift |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-last-time-trump-wrecked-a-party |title=The Last Time Trump Wrecked a Party |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=October 14, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/021400wh-ref-trump.html |title=Reform Bid Said to Be a No-Go for Trump |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 14, 2000 |access-date=December 26, 2020 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu 2011, Trump wakaghanaghananga kupikisana na Pulezidenti [[Barack Obama]] pa [[2012 United States presidential election|chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2012]]. Wakayowoya pa [[Conservative Political Action Conference]] mu Febuluwale ndipo wakayowoya nkhani mu vigaŵa ivyo vikachitanga ma primaries ghakwambilira.<ref name="McA">{{cite news |last=MacAskill |first=Ewen |author-link=Ewen MacAskill |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/16/donald-trump-us-presidential-race |title=Donald Trump bows out of 2012 US presidential election race |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 16, 2011 |access-date=February 28, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bobic |first1=Igor |last2=Stein |first2=Sam |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-cpac_n_58adc0f4e4b03d80af7141cf |title=How CPAC Helped Launch Donald Trump's Political Career |work=[[HuffPost]] |date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=February 28, 2020}}</ref> Mu Meyi 2011, wakapharazga kuti wazamupikisana yayi.<ref name="McA"/> == Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2016 == {{main|[[2016 United States presidential election|Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2016]]}} {{further|[[Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign|Ndondomeko ya kampeni ya Donald Trump ya 2016]]|[[2016 Republican Party presidential primaries|Ma primaries gha pulezidenti gha Republican gha 2016]]|[[First presidential transition of Donald Trump|Kusintha kwa boma lakwamba la Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump by Gage Skidmore 5.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Trump speaking in front of an American flag behind a lectern, wearing a black business suit and a bright red "MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN" baseball cap. The lectern sports a blue "TRUMP" sign.|Kuchita kampeni ku Arizona, Malichi 2016]] Trump wakapharazga kuti wapikisanenge pa chisankho cha 2016 mu Juni 2015.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lerner |first=Adam B. |author-link=Adam B. Lerner |date=June 16, 2015 |title=The 10 best lines from Donald Trump's announcement speech |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2015/06/donald-trump-2016-announcement-10-best-lines-119066 |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Graham |first=David A. |date=May 13, 2016 |title=The Lie of Trump's 'Self-Funding' Campaign |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/05/trumps-self-funding-lie/482691/ |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Wakagwiliskiranga ntchito mazgu gha kampeni ghakuti "[[Make America Great Again|Pangaso America Kuŵa Yikuru]]", agho wakalembeska nga ni chizindikiro cha malonda mu 2012,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Wilson |first=Chris |url=https://time.com/5084673/donald-trump-make-america-great-again-trademark/ |title='Make America High Again' and 279 Other Ways People Are Ripping Off Trump's Campaign Slogan |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=January 8, 2018 |access-date=April 13, 2026}}</ref> ndipo wakachita kampeni nga ni mubizinesi musambazi, wakachita makora, kweniso munthu uyo wakaŵavya vinandi vya ndyali,<ref>{{cite news |last=Terris |first=Ben |title=Donald Trump begins 2016 bid, citing his outsider status |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/donald-trump-is-now-a-candidate-for-president-of-the-united-states/2015/06/16/5e6d738e-1441-11e5-9ddc-e3353542100c_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 16, 2015 |access-date=April 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 19, 2015 |title=Outsider Sentiment Leaves Its Mark on 2016 Races (Poll) |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/outsider-sentiment-leaves-mark-2016-races-poll/story?id=35850546 |access-date=April 26, 2025 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Newport |first1=Frank |last2=Saad |first2=Lydia |title=Trump Support Built on Outsider Status, Business Experience |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/189773/trump-support-built-outsider-status-business-experience.aspx |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]] |date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=April 26, 2025}}</ref> ndipo wakatenge ŵakumupuskira nkhani ŵakaŵa na [[kukondera kwa vyakupharazga nkhani]] pa iyo.<ref>{{cite news |first=Kenneth T. |last=Walsh |author-link=Kenneth T. Walsh |title=Trump: Media Is 'Dishonest and Corrupt' |date=August 15, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-15/trump-media-is-dishonest-and-corrupt}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/07/06/donald-trumps-failing-war-on-political-correctness/ |title=Donald Trump is waging war on political correctness. And he's losing. |first=Aaron |last=Blake |date=July 6, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu gha Trump pa kampeni kanandi ghakaŵanga ghambura kupulikikwa makora ndipo ghakalongosoranga vinthu mwakubisa;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/08/10/489476187/trump-s-second-amendment-comment-fit-a-pattern-of-ambiguous-speech |last=McCammon |first=Sarah |author-link=Sarah McCammon |title=Donald Trump's controversial speech often walks the line |work=[[NPR News]] |date=August 10, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021}}</ref> ndipo mautesi ghake ghakaŵa ghanandi kuluska kale.<ref name="whoppers">{{cite news |title=The 'King of Whoppers': Donald Trump |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2015/12/the-king-of-whoppers-donald-trump/ |work=[[FactCheck.org]] |access-date=March 4, 2019 |date=December 21, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2015/dec/21/2015-lie-year-donald-trump-campaign-misstatements/ |title=2015 Lie of the Year: the campaign misstatements of Donald Trump |work=[[PolitiFact]] |date=December 21, 2015 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |first1=Angie Drobnic |last1=Holan |author-link1=Angie Drobnic Holan |first2=Linda |last2=Qiu}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Farhi |title=Think Trump's wrong? Fact checkers can tell you how often. (Hint: A lot.) |date=February 26, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-existential-crisis-of-professional-factcheckers-in-the-year-of-trump/2016/02/25/e994f210-db3e-11e5-81ae-7491b9b9e7df_story.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2016 wakaŵa munthu wakulongozga pa chipani cha Republican,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=March 23, 2016 |title=Why Donald Trump is poised to win the nomination and lose the general election, in one poll |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/23/why-donald-trump-is-poised-to-win-the-nomination-and-lose-the-general-election-in-one-poll/ |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo mu Meyi wakapharazgika kuti ndiyo wakaŵa wakwimira chipani cha Republican pa chisankho.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ohlemacher |first=Stephen |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-north-dakota-campaign-2016-events-united-states-presidential-election-a382673514394788b45cfc109d0febe4 |title=Mister 1,237: North Dakota delegate puts Trump over the top |work=[[AP News]] |date=May 26, 2016 |access-date=January 28, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakalongosora kuti [[NATO]] "yikagwiraso ntchito yayi"<ref>{{cite news |first=Jenna |last=Johnson |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/04/12/trump-on-nato-i-said-it-was-obsolete-its-no-longer-obsolete/ |title=Trump on NATO: 'I said it was obsolete. It's no longer obsolete.' |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=April 12, 2017 |access-date=November 26, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Edwards|2018|loc="On the campaign trail, Trump repeatedly called North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 'obsolete'"}} ndipo wakalongora maghanoghano agho ''The Washington Post'' yikaghachema kuti gha [[kwambura kunjilirapo pa nkhondo za vyaru vinyake]] kweniso [[kukhwirizga malonda gha mu charu]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rucker |first1=Philip |author-link1=Philip Rucker |last2=Costa |first2=Robert |author-link2=Robert Costa (journalist) |date=March 21, 2016 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |title=Trump questions need for NATO, outlines noninterventionist foreign policy |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/03/21/donald-trump-reveals-foreign-policy-team-in-meeting-with-the-washington-post/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ndondomeko yake ya kampeni yikakhazikanga pa kukambiranaso [[Ubwezi wa pakati pa United States na China|ubwezi wa United States na China]] kweniso [[mapangano gha malonda ghambura msonkho]] nga ni [[North American Free Trade Agreement|NAFTA]], kweniso kukhozga chomene malango gha ŵanthu ŵakunjira mu charu. Maghanoghano ghanyake gha kampeni ghakasazgapo kupenja [[kujiyimira pawekha pa nkhani ya nkhongono]], nangauli wakasuskananga na malango ghakukhwaskana na kusintha kwa nyengo, kunozga [[Veterans Benefits Administration|mauteŵeti gha ŵasilikari ŵakupumura]], kumazga na kunozgaso [[Affordable Care Act]], kumazga fundo za masambiro za [[Common Core]], [[chitukuko cha zomangamanga|kuŵika ndalama mu zomangamanga]], kupusuza [[Internal Revenue Code|dango la misonkho]] apo wakachepeskanga misonkho, kweniso kuŵika [[msonkho wa katundu wakunjira mu charu|misonkho ya katundu]] pa vinthu vyakunjira mu charu ivyo vikapangika na makampani agho ghakasamuskira ntchito zawo kuwaro kwa United States. Wakakhumbanga kusazgirako ndalama za ŵasilikari kweniso kuchita kusanda mwankhongono panji kuŵakanizga ŵanthu ŵakufuma mu vyaru vya Chisilamu kunjira mu charu.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37982000 |title=Trump's promises before and after the election |date=September 19, 2017 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakalayizga kuzenga [[Lupupa lwa mphaka ya Mexico na United States|lupupa pa mphaka ya Mexico na United States]] ndipo wakalayizga kuti Mexico ndiyo wazamukulipira.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 6, 2017 |title=Donald Trump's Mexico wall: Who is going to pay for it? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37243269 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakalayizgaso kuchimbizga mamiliyoni gha [[Ŵalendo ŵambura mapepala mu United States|ŵalendo ŵambura mapepala awo ŵakakhalanga mu United States]],<ref>{{cite news |date=August 19, 2015 |title=Donald Trump emphasizes plans to build 'real' wall at Mexico border |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/donald-trump-emphasizes-plans-to-build-real-wall-at-mexico-border-1.3196807 |access-date=September 29, 2015 |work=[[CBC News]]}}</ref> ndipo wakasuska [[Ufulu wa kuŵa mwanarumi wa charu chifukwa cha kubabikira mu United States|ufumu wa kuŵa mwanarumi wa charu chifukwa cha kubabikira mu United States]], wakati uku ukupangiska kuŵa na "[[anchor babies|ŵana ŵakubabikira kuti ŵapoke wanarumi]]".<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Oh |first=Inae |date=August 19, 2015 |title=Donald Trump: The 14th Amendment is Unconstitutional |url=https://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/08/donald-trump-has-some-thoughts-about-the-constitution |access-date=November 22, 2015 |magazine=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]}}</ref> Kuyana na kusanda uko kukafuma mu ''[[Political Science Quarterly]]'', pa kampeni yake ya pa [[visola vya pulezidenti vya United States vya 2016|visola vya pulezidenti vya 2016]], Trump wakagwiliskira ntchito mazgu agho ghakawonekanga pakweru kuti ghakaŵa gha sankho la mtundu na gha kusankhana ŵanalume na ŵanakazi kuti wakope ŵavoti ŵatuŵa.{{sfn|Schaffner|Macwilliams|Nteta|2018|p=31}} Chomenechomene, mazgu ghake ghakwambilira gha kampeni ghakasuskika chifukwa chakuti wakati ŵalendo ŵa ku Mexico "ŵakwiza na munkhwala wakuzweteska, ŵakwiza na ubendezi, ŵakuchita chibundi";<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Z. Byron |date=April 6, 2018 |title=Trump basically called Mexicans rapists again |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/06/politics/trump-mexico-rapists/ |access-date=June 28, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> chifukwa cha ivi, NBC yikamufumiska pa ''[[The Celebrity Apprentice|Celebrity Apprentice]]''.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 13, 2015 |title=NBC officially fires Trump from 'Celebrity Apprentice' |url=https://apnews.com/article/cb81efbf341a40f6be98bb8c1933bcf4 |access-date=August 27, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> == Ulongozgi wakwamba (2017–2021) == {{main|[[Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump|Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump]]}} {{for timeline|[[Nyengo ya maulamuliro gha Donald Trump#Ulongozgi wakwamba (2017–2021)|Nyengo ya maulamuliro gha Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump swearing in ceremony.jpg|thumb|alt=Trump, with his family watching, raises his right hand and places his left hand on the Bible as he takes the oath of office. Roberts stands opposite him administering the oath|Trump wakulapa [[Layizgo la ntchito ya pulezidenti wa United States|layizgo la ntchito ya pulezidenti]], ilo likalongozgeka na Mweruzgi Mukuru [[John Roberts]], pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2017]] Trump [[Kunjira mu udindo kwa Donald Trump kwakwamba|wakanjizgika mu udindo]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2017. Zuŵa lakulondezgapo, ŵanthu ŵakukwana pafupifupi 2.6 miliyoni pa charu chose chapasi, kusazgapo 500,000 ku Washington, D.C., ŵakachita viwoneskero vyakususkana nayo mu [[Women's March ya 2017|Women's Marches]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/01/21/womens-march-aims-start-movement-trump-inauguration/96864158/ |title=At 2.6 million strong, Women's Marches crush expectations |last1=Przybyla |first1=Heidi M. |last2=Schouten |first2=Fredreka |date=January 21, 2017 |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=January 22, 2017}}</ref> Mu masabata ghake ghaŵiri ghakwamba mu udindo, Trump wakasaina [[Mndandanda wa malango gha boma gha mu ulongozgi wakwamba wa Trump|malango gha boma]] 18, kusazgapo kuzomerezga nthowa zakumazgira Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"), kufumamo mu kudumbiskana kwa Trans-Pacific Partnership, kulutiska panthazi ma projekiti gha [[Keystone XL Pipeline|Keystone XL]] na [[Dakota Access Pipeline]], kweniso kunozgekera kuzenga lupupa pa mphaka ya United States na Mexico.<ref>{{cite news |last=Quigley |first=Aidan |title=All of Trump's executive actions so far |url=https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2017/01/all-trump-executive-actions-000288/ |access-date=January 28, 2017 |work=[[Politico]] |date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> === Kukwaskana kwa vyakukondweska vya munthu yekha === {{see also|[[Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump#Makhaliro|Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump]]}} Trump wakalutilira kusanga phindu kufuma ku mabizinesi ghake pa nyengo ya ulongozgi wake wakwamba ndipo wakamanyanga umo ndondomeko za boma lake zikakhwaskiranga mabizinesi agha.<ref name="BBC041817">{{cite news |date=April 18, 2017 |title=Donald Trump: A list of potential conflicts of interest |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-38069298 |access-date=October 2, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Venook">{{cite news |last=Venook |first=Jeremy |title=Trump's Interests vs. America's, Dubai Edition |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/08/donald-trump-conflicts-of-interests/508382/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |date=August 9, 2017 |access-date=October 2, 2021}}</ref> Wakati wazamuchita yayi "mapangano ghaphya gha kuwaro kwa charu", kweni Trump Organization yikalutilira kusazgirako ntchito zake ku Scotland, Dubai na Dominican Republic.<ref name="BBC041817"/><ref name="Venook"/> Ŵakukopa boma, ŵalara ŵa maboma gha kuwaro, kweniso ŵakupa ndalama ku Trump na ŵabwezi ŵake ŵakamupangira ndalama zakukwana mazana ghanandi gha mamiliyoni gha madola pa malo ghake ghakupumulirako na mahotelo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stone |first=Peter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jul/19/donald-trump-businesses-hotels-conflict-of-interest |title=How Trump's businesses are booming with lobbyists, donors and governments |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=July 19, 2019 |access-date=November 20, 2024}}</ref> === Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu === {{main|[[Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu za boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu za boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya vyachuma ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyachuma ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya vyachilengedwe ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyachilengedwe ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya umoyo wa ŵanthu ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya umoyo wa ŵanthu ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} Trump wakanjira mu udindo apo United States yikaŵa mu nyengo yitali chomene ya [[kukura kwa vyachuma]],<ref name=VanDam>{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Van Dam |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/01/08/trump-jobs-record/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |title=Trump will have the worst jobs record in modern U.S. history. It's not just the pandemic. |date=January 8, 2021 |access-date=October 2, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> iyo yikamba mu 2009 na kulutilira mpaka Febuluwale 2020 apo [[kusika kwa vyachuma chifukwa cha COVID-19]] kukamba.<ref>{{cite news |last=Smialek |first=Jeanna |date=June 8, 2020 |title=The U.S. Entered a Recession in February |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/08/business/economy/us-economy-recession-2020.html |access-date=June 10, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Disembala 2017, wakasaina [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017|Dango la Tax Cuts and Jobs Act la 2017]], ilo likachepeska misonkho ya mabizinesi na ya ŵanthu payekhapayekha, kweniso likamazga chilango chakukhwaskana na dango la [[Affordable Care Act]] lakuti munthu waliyose waŵe na inshuwalansi ya umoyo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Long |first=Heather |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/12/15/the-final-gop-tax-bill-is-complete-heres-what-is-in-it/ |title=The final GOP tax bill is complete. Here's what is in it. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 15, 2017 |access-date=July 31, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/12/15/us/politics/final-republican-tax-bill-cuts.html |title=What's in the Final Republican Tax Bill |work=[[The New York Times]] |first1=Wilson |last1=Andrews |first2=Alicia |last2=Parlapiano |date=December 15, 2017 |access-date=December 22, 2017 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu nyengo ya Trump, kusoŵeka kwa ndalama mu bajeti ya boma la federal kukakwera pafupifupi 50 peresenti, kufika pafupifupi US$1 thiriliyoni mu 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Long |first1=Heather |last2=Stein |first2=Jeff |author-link2=Jeff Stein (author) |title=The U.S. deficit hit $984 billion in 2019, soaring during Trump era |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/10/25/us-deficit-hit-billion-marking-nearly-percent-increase-during-trump-era/ |access-date=June 10, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 25, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Paumaliro wa nyengo yake mu udindo, [[ngongoli ya charu ya United States]] yikakwera na 39 peresenti kufika pa US$27.75 thiriliyoni, ndipo chiŵelengero cha ngongoli pakuyezga na GDP cha United States chikafika pachanya chomene kufuma pa nyengo ya Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya pa Charu Chose.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Allan |last1=Sloan |first2=Cezary |last2=Podkul |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/national-debt-trump |work=[[ProPublica]] |title=Donald Trump Built a National Debt So Big (Even Before the Pandemic) That It'll Weigh Down the Economy for Years |date=January 14, 2021 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Trump wakukana [[kumanyana kwa ŵasayansi pa kusintha kwa nyengo]].<ref> * {{cite news |first1=Ashley |last1=Parker |author-link1=Ashley Parker |first2=Coral |last2=Davenport |title=Donald Trump's Energy Plan: More Fossil Fuels and Fewer Rules |date=May 26, 2016 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/27/us/politics/donald-trump-global-warming-energy-policy.html |url-access=limited}} * {{cite news |first=Jason |last=Samenow |author-link=Jason Samenow |title=Donald Trump's unsettling nonsense on weather and climate |date=March 22, 2016 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/03/22/donald-trumps-unsettling-nonsense-on-weather-and-climate |url-access=limited}} * {{cite news |last1=Lemire |first1=Jonathan |author-link1=Jonathan Lemire |last2=Madhani |first2=Aamer |last3=Weissert |first3=Will |last4=Knickmeyer |first4=Ellen |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Trump spurns science on climate: 'Don't think science knows' |url=https://apnews.com/article/climate-climate-change-elections-joe-biden-campaigns-bd152cd786b58e45c61bebf2457f9930 |access-date=May 11, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}} * {{cite news |last1=Plumer |first1=Brad |last2=Davenport |first2=Coral |date=December 28, 2019 |title=Science Under Attack: How Trump Is Sidelining Researchers and Their Work |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/28/climate/trump-administration-war-on-science.html |access-date=May 11, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} </ref> Wakachepeska bajeti ya kafukufuku wa [[Nkhongono zakuweleraso ku United States#Kafukufuku wa nkhongono zakuweleraso|nkhongono zakuweleraso]] na 40 peresenti, ndipo wakawuskapo ndondomeko za nyengo ya Obama izo zikakhumbanga kuchepeska [[kusintha kwa nyengo]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump proposes cuts to climate and clean-energy programs |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/how-trump-is-changing-science-environment |date=May 3, 2019 |work=[[National Geographic Society]] |access-date=November 24, 2023}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[United States na Pangano la Paris|Pangano la Paris]], kupangiska United States kuŵa charu chimoza pera icho chikaŵa chindazomerezge pangano ili.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dennis |first=Brady |title=As Syria embraces Paris climate deal, it's the United States against the world |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/11/07/as-syria-embraces-paris-climate-deal-its-the-united-states-against-the-world |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 7, 2017 |access-date=May 28, 2018 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakakhumbanga, ndipo wachali kukhumba, kusazgirako kupanga na kutumiza kuwaro [[mafuta gha pansi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Gardner |first=Timothy |title=Senate confirms Brouillette, former Ford lobbyist, as energy secretary |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-energy-brouillette/senate-confirms-brouillette-former-ford-lobbyist-as-energy-secretary-idUSKBN1Y62E6 |access-date=December 15, 2019 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=December 3, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/mt-state-wire-climate-ap-top-news-climate-change-ca-state-wire-2b44ced0e892d7e988e40a486d875b5d |work=[[AP News]] |title=Trump's fossil fuel agenda gets pushback from federal judges |first=Matthew |last=Brown |date=September 15, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Kupanga gasi wachilengedwe kukakura mu nyengo ya Trump, kweni kupanga [[Kukumba malasha ku United States#Kupanga|malasha]] kukalutilira kuchepa.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lipton |first=Eric |author-link=Eric Lipton |date=October 5, 2020 |title='The Coal Industry Is Back,' Trump Proclaimed. It Wasn't. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/05/us/politics/trump-coal-industry.html |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name=Subramaniam>{{cite news |first=Tara |last=Subramaniam |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/30/politics/trump-broken-promises/ |title=From building the wall to bringing back coal: Some of Trump's more notable broken promises |work=[[CNN]] |date=January 30, 2021 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Wakawuskapo [[Rollback|malango gha boma]] ghakujumpha 100 agho ghakavikilira vyachilengedwe, kusazgapo agho ghakachepeskanga [[mpweya wakuwoneska kutentha]], kunangika kwa mphepo na [[kunangika kwa maji]], kweniso kugwiliskira ntchito vyakofya. Wakafoka nkhongono za malango ghakovwira vinyama na [[Environmental standard#United States|vyeruzgo vya vyachilengedwe]] pa ma projekiti gha boma, ndipo wakazomerezga malo ghanandi ghakukumbiramo mafuta na vinthu vya mu dongo, nga nkhuvwilira [[Arctic Refuge drilling controversy|kukumba mafuta mu Arctic Refuge]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Popovich |first1=Nadja |last2=Albeck-Ripka |first2=Livia |last3=Pierre-Louis |first3=Kendra |author-link3=Kendra Pierre-Louis |title=The Trump Administration Rolled Back More Than 100 Environmental Rules. Here's the Full List. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks-list.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 20, 2021 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu kuzgora ku [[Suzgo la munkhwala wa opioid ku United States|suzgo la munkhwala wa opioid]] ku United States, Trump wakasaina dango mu 2018 lakusazgirako ndalama zakovwira ŵanthu awo ŵakupokera wovwiri wakuleka munkhwala wakuzweteska, kweni wakasuskika chomene chifukwa chakuti wakatondeka kuŵika ndondomeko yakupulikikwa makora yakumazgira suzgo ili.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mann |first=Brian |date=October 29, 2020 |title=Opioid Crisis: Critics Say Trump Fumbled Response To Another Deadly Epidemic |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/29/927859091/opioid-crisis-critics-say-trump-fumbled-response-to-another-deadly-epidemic |access-date=December 13, 2020}}</ref> Wakakanizga mawupu agho ghakapelekanga vyakufumiska nthumbo panji kulongozga ŵanakazi uko ŵangakasanga vyakufumiska nthumbo kuti ghapokere ndalama za boma la federal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Abortion: How do Trump and Biden's policies compare? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2020-54003808 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=July 17, 2023 |date=September 9, 2020}}</ref> Boma lake likawuskapo vigaŵa vikuru vya ndondomeko za boma la Obama zakuvikilira ŵantchito ku [[kusankhana ŵanthu ŵa LGBT|kusankhana ŵanthu ŵa LGBTQ]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-advocates-say-trump-s-news-executive-order-makes-them-n740301 |title=LGBTQ Advocates Say Trump's New Executive Order Makes Them Vulnerable to Discrimination |work=[[NBC News]] |first=Mary Emily |last=O'Hara |date=March 30, 2017 |access-date=July 30, 2017}}</ref> Kuyezga kwake kwakuwuskapo malango ghakovwira ŵalwari ŵa [[ŵanthu ŵakusintha jenda|transgender]] ku kusankhana mu Ogasiti 2020 kukakanizgika na mweruzgi wa boma la federal pamanyuma pakuti Khoti Likuru likafiska ufulu wa ŵantchito kuŵa wakuvikilirika pa [[jenda]] na kaŵiro ka munthu ka kugonana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Luthi |first=Susannah |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/08/17/judge-trump-rollback-transgender-health-397332 |title=Judge halts Trump's rollback of transgender health protections |work=[[Politico]] |date=August 17, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2023}}</ref> Boma lake [[Ndondomeko ya chamba ya boma lakwamba la Trump|likasuskanga kugwiliskira ntchito chamba]], ndipo likawuskapo [[Cole Memorandum|ndondomeko za nyengo ya Obama]] izo zikavikiliranga maboma agho ghakazomerezga kugwiliskira ntchito chamba mwakwenelera.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bures |first=Brendan |date=February 21, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |title=Trump administration doubles down on anti-marijuana position |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/marijuana/sns-tft-trump-anti-marijuana-stance-20200221-jfdx4urbb5bhrf6ldtfpxleopi-story.html}}</ref> Trump ni wakwimilira chilango cha nyifwa kwa nyengo yitali,<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |title=Trump returns to the death penalty as Democrats turn against it |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/27/politics/death-penalty-trump-democrats/ |work=[[CNN]] |access-date=September 18, 2022 |date=July 27, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Honderich |first=Holly |title=In Trump's final days, a rush of federal executions |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55236260 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=January 16, 2021 |access-date=September 18, 2022}}</ref> ndipo boma lake likalongozga [[Chilango cha nyifwa na boma la federal la United States|boma la federal la United States]] pa kukoma ŵakayidi 13, chiŵelengero chikuru kuluska ŵose awo ŵakakomeka mu vyaka 56 ivyo vikajumpha, ndipo vikamazga nyengo ya vyaka 17 iyo chilango ichi chikachitikanga yayi.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Michael |last1=Tarm |first2=Michael |last2=Kunzelman |title=Trump administration carries out 13th and final execution |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-wildlife-coronavirus-pandemic-crime-terre-haute-28e44cc5c026dc16472751bbde0ead50 |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 15, 2021 |access-date=January 30, 2022}}</ref> === Kugowokera na kuchepeska chilango === {{further|[[Mndandanda wa ŵanthu awo ŵakapokera chigowokero cha pulezidenti mu ulongozgi wakwamba wa Trump]]}} Mu nyengo yake yakwamba mu udindo, Trump wakapeleka vigowokero 237, vichoko kuluska mapulezidenti wose kufuma mu 1900 kupatulako [[George H. W. Bush]] na [[George W. Bush]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Gramlich |first=John |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/01/22/trump-used-his-clemency-power-sparingly-despite-a-raft-of-late-pardons-and-commutations/ |title=Trump used his clemency power sparingly despite a raft of late pardons and commutations |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=January 22, 2021 |access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> Pa vigowokero ivi, 25 pera ndivyo vikawunikika na [[Office of the Pardon Attorney|Ofesi ya Loya wa Vigowokero]] ya Unduna wa vya Malango; vinyake vikapelekeka ku ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa na ubwezi wa munthu panji wa ndyali na iyo, mbumba yake, panji ŵabwezi ŵake, panji awo ŵakalimbikizgika na ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa.<ref name="road">{{cite news |last=Vogel |first=Kenneth P. |author-link=Kenneth P. Vogel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/27/us/politics/trump-pardons.html |title=The Road to Clemency From Trump Was Closed to Most Who Sought It |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 21, 2021 |access-date=July 23, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="OloDaw">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-pardon-power-russia-probe-mueller/2020/12/24/c55000c8-45fd-11eb-b0e4-0f182923a025_story.html |date=December 24, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |title=Trump wields pardon power as political weapon, rewarding loyalists and undermining prosecutors |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first1=Toluse |last1=Olorunnipa |author-link1=Toluse Olorunnipa |first2=Josh |last2=Dawsey |author-link2=Josh Dawsey |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa zuŵa lake laumaliro lathunthu mu udindo, wakagowokera ŵanthu 73 ndipo wakachepeska vilango vya ŵanthu 70.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Kevin |last1=Johnson |first2=David |last2=Jackson |first3=Dennis |last3=Wagner |url=https://usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/01/19/donald-trump-pardons-steve-bannon-white-house/4209763001/ |title=Donald Trump grants clemency to 144 people (not himself or family members) in final hours |date=January 19, 2021 |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> Vigowokero vya ŵasilikari ŵatatu awo ŵakasangika na mulandu panji ŵakeneranga kweruzgika pa milandu ya nkhaza vikakanizgika na ŵalongozgi ŵa ŵasilikari.<ref>{{cite news |last=Phillips |first=Dave |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/15/us/trump-pardons.html |title=Trump Clears Three Service Members in War Crimes Cases |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 22, 2019 |access-date=April 18, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ndondomeko ya ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu === {{main|[[Ndondomeko ya ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} {{further|[[Suzgo la mphaka ya Mexico–United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)]]}} [[File:Texas Photo 1.jpg|thumb|Ŵana, mphasa zakugonapo na mabulangete gha foil mu chipinda cha waya, [[Ursula (detention center)|malo ghakusungiramo ŵanthu gha Ursula]], Juni 2018]] Nga ni pulezidenti, Trump wakalongosoranga kuti ŵanthu ŵakanjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka "ŵakunjira mwankhaza" mu United States<ref>{{cite news |last=Fritze |first=John |date=August 8, 2019 |title=A USA Today analysis found Trump used words like 'invasion' and 'killer' at rallies more than 500 times since 2017 |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/08/08/trump-immigrants-rhetoric-criticized-el-paso-dayton-shootings/1936742001/ |access-date=August 9, 2019 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> ndipo wakakhozga chomene kukhozga malango gha ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu.{{sfn|Johnson|2017a}}{{sfn|Johnson|Cuison-Villazor|2019}} Wakakhazikiska ndondomeko zakukhora zakususkana na ŵanthu awo ŵakapenjanga malo ghakubisamamo chifukwa cha suzgo.{{sfn|Johnson|Cuison-Villazor|2019}} Wakatumizga [[Operation Faithful Patriot|ŵasilikari pafupifupi 6,000]] ku [[mphaka ya United States na Mexico]] kuti ŵakanizge ŵanthu ŵakunjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mitchell |first=Ellen |date=January 29, 2019 |title=Pentagon to send a 'few thousand' more troops to southern border |url=https://thehill.com/policy/defense/427519-pentagon-to-send-a-few-thousand-more-troops-to-southern-border |access-date=June 4, 2020 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Wakachepeska chomene chiŵelengero cha [[United States Refugee Admissions Program|ŵachimbizi awo ŵakazomerezgekanga]] kunjira mu charu, kufuma pa mphaka wa 110,000 pa chaka pambere wandanjire mu udindo kufika pa 15,000 mu 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kanno-Youngs |first1=Zolan |author-link1=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |last2=Shear |first2=Michael D. |author-link2=Michael D. Shear |date=October 1, 2020 |title=Trump Virtually Cuts Off Refugees as He Unleashes a Tirade on Immigrants |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/01/us/politics/trump-refugees.html |access-date=September 30, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 4, 2019 |title=Donald Trump has cut refugee admissions to America to a record low |url=https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2019/11/04/donald-trump-has-cut-refugee-admissions-to-america-to-a-record-low |access-date=June 25, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Economist]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hesson |first=Ted |date=October 11, 2019 |title=Trump ending U.S. role as worldwide leader on refugees |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2019/10/11/trump-refugee-decrease-immigration-044186 |access-date=June 25, 2020 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Trump wakasazgirakoso malango ghakusuzga ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kupokera [[Kukhala kwamuyirayira mu United States|chilolezo chakukhala kwamuyirayira]] usange ŵakakhumbanga [[Public charge rule|wovwiri wa boma]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Snow |first=Anita |date=February 25, 2020 |title=Crackdown on immigrants who use public benefits takes effect |url=https://apnews.com/article/e069e5a84057752a8535b1abe5d2ba6d |access-date=June 4, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Chimoza mwa vilayizgo vikuru vya kampeni yake chikaŵa kuzenga [[Lupupa lwa mphaka ya Mexico na United States|lupupa pa mphaka ya United States na Mexico]];<ref name="timm">{{cite news |last=Timm |first=Jane C. |date=January 13, 2021 |title=Fact check: Mexico never paid for it. But what about Trump's other border wall promises? |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/fact-check-mexico-never-paid-it-what-about-trump-s-n1253983 |access-date=December 21, 2021 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> mu nyengo yake yakwamba, United States yikazenga lupupa lwa {{convert|73|mi|km}} pa malo agho pakaŵavya lupupa ndipo yikasintha lupupa lwakale lwa {{convert|365|mi|km}}.<ref>{{cite news |last=Farley |first=Robert |date=February 16, 2021 |title=Trump's Border Wall: Where Does It Stand? |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2020/12/trumps-border-wall-where-does-it-stand/ |access-date=December 21, 2021 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref> Mu 2018, Trump wakakana kusaina [[dango la ndalama za boma]] lililose usange likapelekanga yayi ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Julie Hirschfeld |author-link1=Julie Hirschfeld Davis |last2=Tackett |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Tackett |date=January 2, 2019 |title=Trump and Democrats Dig in After Talks to Reopen Government Go Nowhere |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/us/politics/trump-congress-shutdown.html |access-date=January 3, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo ivi vikapangiska [[Kujalika kwa boma la United States#2025|kujalika kwa boma la federal]] kwa mazuŵa 35 kufuma mu Disembala 2018 mpaka Janyuwale 2019, uko pa nyengo iyo kukaŵa kwakutali chomene mu mbiri,<ref name="Gambino">{{cite news |last1=Gambino |first1=Lauren |last2=Walters |first2=Joanna |date=January 26, 2019 |title=Trump signs bill to end $6bn shutdown and temporarily reopen government |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jan/25/shutdown-latest-news-trump-reopens-government-deal-democrats |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> kweni pamanyuma kukajumpha na kujalika kwa boma mu 2025.<ref name="longer">{{cite news |last1=Morgan |first1=David |last2=McCaskill |first2=Nolan D. |last3=Erickson |first3=Bo |last4=Slattery |first4=Gram |date=November 13, 2025 |title=Trump signs deal to end longest US government shutdown in history |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/us-house-vote-deal-end-longest-government-shutdown-history-2025-11-12/ |access-date=June 27, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Kujalika kwa boma kukamara wakati wazomera kupeleka ndalama ku boma kwambura kuŵikamo ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka.<ref name="Gambino" /> Kuti ŵagege kujalikaso kwa boma, Congress yikazomerezga dango la ndalama mu Febuluwale ilo likapeleka US$1.4 biliyoni zakuzengera vigongwe vya mphaka.<ref name="Wilkie">{{cite news |last1=Pramuk |first1=Jacob |last2=Wilkie |first2=Christina |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Trump declares national emergency to build border wall, setting up massive legal fight |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/15/trump-national-emergency-declaration-border-wall-spending-bill.html |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> Pamanyuma, Trump wakapharazga [[Emergency ya charu pa mphaka ya kumwera ya United States|emergency ya charu pa mphaka ya kumwera]] kuti wasamuskire US$6.1 biliyoni ku ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka,<ref name="Wilkie" /> nangauli Congress yikakananga fundo iyi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Carney |first=Jordain |date=October 17, 2019 |title=Senate fails to override Trump veto over emergency declaration |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/466313-senate-fails-to-override-trumps-emergency-declaration-veto |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Mu Janyuwale 2017, Trump wakasaina [[Executive Order 13769|dango la boma]] ilo [[Kuletska ulendo kwa Trump|likakanizga ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vinkhondi na chimoza ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi Mbasilamu]] kunjira mu United States kwa myezi yinayi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵa ku Syria ŵakakanizgika kwamuyirayira.<ref name="frontline">{{cite news |last1=Walters |first1=Joanna |last2=Helmore |first2=Edward |last3=Dehghan |first3=Saeed Kamali |author-link3=Saeed Kamali Dehghan |date=January 28, 2017 |title=US airports on frontline as Donald Trump's travel ban causes chaos and protests |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jan/28/airports-us-immigration-ban-muslim-countries-trump |access-date=July 19, 2017 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="airport">{{cite news |date=January 28, 2017 |title=Protests erupt at airports nationwide over immigration action |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/protests-airports-immigration-action-president-trump/ |access-date=March 22, 2021 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Dango ili likapangiska [[Viwoneskero vyakususkana na Executive Order 13769|viwoneskero vinandi]] kweniso [[Milandu ya malango yakususkana na kuletska ulendo kwa Trump|milandu yinandi ya malango]], ivyo vikapangiska [[malango ghakulekeska kugwiliskira ntchito mu charu chose]] dango ili.<ref name="frontline" /><ref name="airport" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=Devlin |last2=Frosch |first2=Dan |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Federal Judge Temporarily Halts Trump Order on Immigration, Refugees |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/legal-feud-over-trump-immigration-order-turns-to-visa-revocations-1486153216 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[Executive Order 13780|Dango linyake lakunozgekaso]] ilo likapelekanga vyakusankha vinyake nalo likakanizgikaso na makhoti,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Levine |first1=Dan |last2=Rosenberg |first2=Mica |date=March 15, 2017 |title=Hawaii judge halts Trump's new travel ban before it can go into effect |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-court-idUSKBN16M17N |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Trump signs new travel ban directive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-39183153 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> kweni [[International Refugee Assistance Project v. Trump|Khoti Likuru likadumura mu Juni]] kuti kuletska uku kungagwiliskirika ntchito pa ŵanthu awo ŵalije ubwezi wa "''bona fide''" na munthu panji bungwe mu United States.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/9c78ee01f1ab45ffba852974fb229487 |title=Trump travel ban partly reinstated; fall court arguments set |first=Mark |last=Sherman |date=June 27, 2017 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=March 6, 2026}}</ref> Mu Seputembala, Trump wakasintha kuletska uku na [[Presidential Proclamation 9645|chilengezgo cha pulezidenti]] icho chikathandazga kuletska ulendo ku ŵanthu ŵa ku North Korea, Chad, na ŵalara ŵanyake ŵa Venezuela, kweni Iraq na Sudan vikafumiskikamo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Laughland |first=Oliver |date=September 25, 2017 |title=Trump travel ban extended to blocks on North Korea, Venezuela and Chad |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/sep/25/trump-travel-ban-extended-to-blocks-on-north-korea-and-venezuela |access-date=October 13, 2017 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Disembala 2017, Khoti Likuru likazomerezga kuti mtundu uwu wa kuletska ulendo ugwiliskirike ntchito,<ref>{{cite news |last=Hurley |first=Lawrence |date=December 4, 2017 |title=Supreme Court lets Trump's latest travel ban go into full effect |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-immigration/supreme-court-lets-trumps-latest-travel-ban-go-into-full-effect-idUSKBN1DY2NY |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo paumaliro likalikhozga mu 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wagner |first1=Meg |last2=Ries |first2=Brian |last3=Rocha |first3=Veronica |date=June 26, 2018 |title=Supreme Court upholds travel ban |url=https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/supreme-court-travel-ban/ |access-date=June 26, 2018 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Kufuma mu 2017 mpaka 2018, boma la Trump likaŵa na [[Ndondomeko ya kupatura mbumba ya boma la Trump|ndondomeko yakupatura mbumba]], iyo yikapatula ŵana ŵakujumpha 4,400, ŵanyake ŵa myezi yinayi pera yakubabika,<ref name="tina_v">{{cite news |last=Vasquez |first=Tina |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2025/jan/17/trump-policy-family-separation-future |title=Trump's border policy tore apart many families. Nobody knows what happens to them now |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 17, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025}}</ref> ku ŵapapi ŵawo awo ŵakasamukiranga mu charu pa [[mphaka ya United States na Mexico]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Pearle |first=Lauren |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Trump administration admits thousands more migrant families may have been separated than estimated |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/trump-administration-unsure-thousands-migrant-families-separated-originally/story?id=60797633 |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Spagat">{{cite news |last=Spagat |first=Elliot |date=October 25, 2019 |title=Tally of children split at border tops 5,400 in new count |url=https://apnews.com/article/c654e652a4674cf19304a4a4ff599feb |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Ndondomeko iyi, iyo yindachitikepo kale,<ref name="Domonoske">{{cite news |last1=Domonoske |first1=Camila |last2=Gonzales |first2=Richard |date=June 19, 2018 |title=What We Know: Family Separation And 'Zero Tolerance' At The Border |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/06/19/621065383/what-we-know-family-separation-and-zero-tolerance-at-the-border |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> yikakwiyiska chomene ŵanthu mu charu chose.<ref>{{cite news |last=Epstein |first=Jennifer |date=June 18, 2018 |title=Donald Trump's family separations bedevil GOP as public outrage grows |url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/donald-trump-s-family-separations-bedevil-gop-as-public-outrage-grows-20180618-p4zm9h.html |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |via=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Nangauli pakwamba Trump wakapasa [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] mulandu<ref>{{cite news |last=Sarlin |first=Benjy |date=June 15, 2018 |title=Despite claims, GOP immigration bill would not end family separation, experts say |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/immigration-border-crisis/despite-claims-gop-immigration-bill-would-not-end-family-separation-n883701 |access-date=June 18, 2018 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Julie Hirschfeld |author-link1=Julie Hirschfeld Davis |last2=Nixon |first2=Ron |author-link2=Ron Nixon |date=May 29, 2018 |title=Trump Officials, Moving to Break Up Migrant Families, Blame Democrats |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/29/us/politics/trump-democrats-immigrant-families.html |access-date=December 29, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo wakati wangalekeska yayi ndondomeko iyi kwizira mu dango la boma, pamanyuma wakazomera chifukwa cha kukakamizgika na ŵanthu mu Juni 2018 ndipo wakalangura kuti mbumba za ŵanthu awo ŵakanjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka zisungikenge pamoza, kwambura usange "palipo chakofya" ku mwana.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Beckwith |first=Ryan Teague |date=June 20, 2018 |title=Here's What President Trump's Immigration Order Actually Does |url=https://time.com/5317703/trump-family-separation-policy-executive-order/ |access-date=May 30, 2020 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Goodnough |first2=Abby |last3=Haberman |first3=Maggie |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |date=June 20, 2018 |title=Trump Retreats on Separating Families, but Thousands May Remain Apart |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/20/us/politics/trump-immigration-children-executive-order.html |access-date=June 20, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma mweruzgi wakalangura kuti mbumba izi ziwezgeraneso pamoza ndipo kupatura ŵana kulekeke, kupatulapo pa nyengo zakuchepa waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Hansler |first=Jennifer |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Judge says government does a better job of tracking 'personal property' than separated kids |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/politics/family-separation-federal-judge-personal-property-comment/ |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Walters |first=Joanna |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Judge orders US to reunite families separated at border within 30 days |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/27/us-immigration-must-reunite-families-separated-at-border-federal-judge-rules |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> nangauli ŵana ŵakujumpha 1,000 ŵakapaturikaso na mbumba zawo pamanyuma pa dango ili.<ref name="Spagat" /> Kufika mu Epulero 2024, ŵana 1,360 ŵakaŵa ŵandamanyikwe usange ŵakaweleraso ku mbumba zawo.<ref name="tina_v"/> === Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake === {{main|[[Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lakwamba la Trump|Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} {{further|[[Ubwezi pakati pa Russia na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi pakati pa Russia na United States]]|[[Ubwezi pakati pa China na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi pakati pa China na United States]]|[[Suzgo la North Korea la 2017–2018|Suzgo la North Korea la 2017–2018]]|[[Ndondomeko ya mtende pakati pa Korea ya 2018–19|Ndondomeko ya mtende pakati pa Korea ya 2018–19]]}} [[File:-G7Biarritz (48616362963).jpg|thumb|alt=A group of seven men and one woman, sitting at a round conference table. Trump wears a dark blue suit, white dress shirt, and light blue necktie. A small sign reading "G7 France Biarritz 2019" hangs on the wall behind them.|Ŵalongozgi ŵa [[Gulu la Seven|G7]] pa [[Msonkhano wa 45 wa G7|msonkhano wa 45]] ku France, 2019]] Trump wakujichema kuti ni "wakutemwa charu chake"<ref>{{cite news |first=William |last=Cummings |title='I am a nationalist': Trump's embrace of controversial label sparks uproar |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/24/trump-says-hes-nationalist-what-means-why-its-controversial/1748521002/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=October 24, 2018 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> ndipo ndondomeko yake ya vyaru vinyake yikaŵa yakuti "[[America First|America Yakwamba]]".<ref name=Bennhold>{{cite news |first=Katrin |last=Bennhold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/06/world/europe/germany-troop-withdrawal-america.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Has 'America First' Become 'Trump First'? Germans Wonder |date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakakhozgera maboma gha [[populism|populist]], [[neo-nationalism|neo-nationalist]], na ghaulamuliro wa nkhongono.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2018/10/can-us-democracy-policy-survive-trump?lang=en |title=Can U.S. Democracy Policy Survive Trump? |last1=Carothers |first1=Thomas |author-link1=Thomas Carothers |last2=Brown |first2=Frances Z. |date=October 1, 2018 |website=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] |access-date=October 19, 2019}}</ref> Pa nyengo ya ulamuliro wake, ubwezi wa vyaru vinyake ukaŵa wakusuzga chifukwa cha kusinthasintha, kuleka kumanyikwa ivyo vingachitika, na kuleka kukhazikika.<ref name="Bennhold" />{{sfn|McGurk|2020}} Ubwezi pakati pa United States na ŵabwezi ŵake ŵa ku Europe ukasuzgikira chomene mu nyengo ya Trump.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ana |last=Swanson |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/economy/trump-european-union-trade.html |title=Trump Administration Escalates Tensions With Europe as Crisis Looms |date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakasoŵeska [[Maboma gha mu NATO|ŵabwezi ŵa NATO]] ndipo mwakubisika wakayowoya kuti United States yikwenera [[Kufuma mu NATO#United States|kufuma mu NATO]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=May 26, 2017 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |title=Trump Says NATO Allies Don't Pay Their Share. Is That True? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/26/world/europe/nato-trump-spending.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Cooper |first2=Helene |author-link2=Helene Cooper |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/us/politics/nato-president-trump.html |title=Trump Discussed Pulling U.S. From NATO, Aides Say Amid New Concerns Over Russia |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 14, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakakhozgera ndondomeko zinandi za nduna yikuru ya Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sommer |first=Allison Kaplan |date=July 25, 2019 |title=How Trump and Netanyahu Became Each Other's Most Effective Political Weapon |work=[[Haaretz]] |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2019-07-25/ty-article/.premium/how-trump-and-netanyahu-became-each-others-most-effective-political-weapon/0000017f-f22d-d497-a1ff-f2ad5c310000 |access-date=August 2, 2019}}</ref> Mu 2020, Trump wakalongozga mwambo wakusaina [[Abraham Accords]] pakati pa Israel na [[United Arab Emirates]] kweniso [[Bahrain]] kuti ŵanozge ubwezi wawo wa vyaru vinyake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Israel, U.A.E. and Bahrain Sign Accords, With an Eager Trump Playing Host |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/15/us/politics/trump-israel-peace-emirates-bahrain.html |access-date=February 9, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> [[File:President Trump & the First Lady's Trip to Europe (42547210635).jpg|thumb|Trump wakukorana mawoko na pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] pa [[Msonkhano wa Russia–United States wa 2018|msonkhano wa 2018]] ku Helsinki, Finland]] Mu 2018, Trump wakamba [[Nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States|nkhondo ya malonda na China]] pamanyuma pakukhazikiska misonkho ya katundu na vinyake vyakukangira malonda, ivyo wakati vikachichizgenge China kuti yimazge maluso ghake gha nyengo yitali gha malonda ghambura urunji kweniso [[Milandu ya kuba vinjeru vya umanyi na China|kuba wanangwa wa vinjeru vya umanyi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Swanson |first=Ana |date=July 5, 2018 |title=Trump's Trade War With China Is Officially Underway |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/business/china-us-trade-war-trump-tariffs.html |access-date=May 26, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakafoka chilango chikuru chomene icho United States yikakhazikiska pa Russia pamanyuma pa [[Kupoka kwa Russia chigaŵa cha Crimea mu 2014]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Zengerle |first=Patricia |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Bid to keep U.S. sanctions on Russia's Rusal fails in Senate |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-sanctions/bid-to-keep-u-s-sanctions-on-russias-rusal-fails-in-senate-idUSKCN1PA2JB |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Whalen |first=Jeanne |date=January 15, 2019 |title=In rare rebuke of Trump administration, some GOP lawmakers advance measure to oppose lifting Russian sanctions |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/16/rare-rebuke-trump-administration-some-gop-lawmakers-advance-measure-oppose-lifting-russian-sanctions/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakalumbanga pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] ndipo, kuyana na ŵakususka ŵanyake, wakamususkanga nyengo zichoko waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=August 10, 2017 |title=Trump Praises Putin Instead of Critiquing Cuts to U.S. Embassy Staff |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/10/world/europe/putin-trump-embassy-russia.html |access-date=June 7, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nussbaum |first=Matthew |date=April 8, 2018 |title=Trump blames Putin for backing 'Animal Assad' |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/08/trump-putin-syria-attack-508223 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> nangauli wakasuskanga vinyake ivyo boma la Russia likachitanga.<ref>{{cite news |date=December 21, 2019 |title=Nord Stream 2: Trump approves sanctions on Russia gas pipeline |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50875935 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]], wakati Russia yikapulikanga yayi ivyo yikazomera,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bugos |first=Shannon |date=September 2019 |title=U.S. Completes INF Treaty Withdrawal |url=https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-09/news/us-completes-inf-treaty-withdrawal |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=[[Arms Control Association]]}}</ref> ndipo wakakhozgera kuti Russia yiwezgekeso mu [[G7]].<ref name="G8">{{cite news |last=Panetta |first=Grace |date=June 14, 2018 |title=Trump reportedly claimed to leaders at the G7 that Crimea is part of Russia because everyone there speaks Russian |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-claims-crimea-is-part-of-russia-since-people-speak-russian-g7-summit-2018-6 |access-date=February 13, 2020 |work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> Apo [[Vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] vikawonekanga kuti ni suzgo likuru,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Adam |last2=Meko |first2=Tim |date=December 21, 2017 |title=What made North Korea's weapons programs so much scarier in 2017 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/12/21/what-made-north-koreas-weapons-programs-so-much-scarier-in-2017/ |access-date=July 5, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States uyo wakaŵa pa udindo kukumana na mulongozgi wa North Korea, ndipo wakakumana na [[Kim Jong Un]] katatu pakati pa Juni 2018 na Juni 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Crowley |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=June 30, 2019 |title=Trump Steps Into North Korea and Agrees With Kim Jong-un to Resume Talks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/30/world/asia/trump-north-korea-dmz.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kudumbiskana pa [[Kumazga vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] kukamara kwambura kupulikana mu Okutobala 2019, ndipo pakaŵavya phangano ilo likafikika.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanger |first1=David E. |author-link1=David E. Sanger |last2=Sang-Hun |first2=Choe |author-link2=Choe Sang-hun |date=June 12, 2020 |title=Two Years After Trump-Kim Meeting, Little to Show for Personal Diplomacy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/world/asia/korea-nuclear-trump-kim.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tanner |first1=Jari |last2=Lee |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matt Lee (journalist) |date=October 5, 2019 |title=North Korea Says Nuclear Talks Break Down While U.S. Says They Were 'Good' |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-ap-top-news-north-korea-vietnam-c66474b67b3e41cdad6d21ba3385ddc2 |access-date=July 21, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> === Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo === {{main|[[Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo gha ndyali mu boma lakwamba la Trump|Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo gha ndyali mu boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Kabineti yakwamba ya Donald Trump|Kabineti yakwamba ya Donald Trump]]}} {{further|[[Kulemba ntchito mu boma na ŵantchito ŵa Donald Trump|Kulemba ntchito mu boma na ŵantchito ŵa Donald Trump]]}} Pakufikaumaliro wa chaka chakwamba cha Trump pa udindo, ŵantchito 34&nbsp;pa 100 ŵa gulu lake lakwamba ŵakafumapo ntchito, ŵakachimbizgika panji ŵakasinthira ku maudindo ghanyake.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2017-12-28/trumps-white-house-has-highest-turnover-rate-in-40-years |title=Trump White House Has Highest Turnover in 40 Years |last=Trimble |first=Megan |date=December 28, 2017 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Pakufika Julayi 2018, ŵakovwira ŵake ŵalara 61&nbsp;pa 100 ŵakafumapo,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/395222-ap-trump-admin-sets-record-for-white-house-turnover |title=AP: Trump admin sets record for White House turnover |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |last=Wise |first=Justin}}</ref> ndipo ŵantchito 141 ŵakafumapo mu chaka chamara.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Zeke |last2=Bridis |first2=Ted |url=https://apnews.com/article/9188152a050f4d57ad543954d011a668 |title=Trump White House sets turnover records |work=[[AP News]] |date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=March 9, 2026}}</ref> Manambala ghose agha ghakaŵa ghapachanya chomene kuluska gha mapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵasonosono.<ref name="Keith">{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/03/07/591372397/white-house-staff-turnover-was-already-record-setting-then-more-advisers-left |title=White House Staff Turnover Was Already Record-Setting. Then More Advisers Left |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |work=[[NPR News]] |date=March 7, 2018 |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵa ŵakovwira ŵake ŵapafupi ŵakaleka kumuteŵetera panji ŵakachichizgika kufumapo.<ref name=Brookings>{{cite news |first1=Kathryn Dunn |last1=Tenpas |url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/tracking-turnover-in-the-trump-administration/ |title=Tracking Turnover in the Trump Administration |date=March 16, 2018 |website=[[Brookings Institution]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Trump wakayowoyanga mwaukazuzi pa ŵanyake mwa ŵalara ŵake ŵakale.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cillizza |first=Chris |author-link=Chris Cillizza |title=Donald Trump makes terrible hires, according to Donald Trump |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/19/politics/trump-mulvaney-bolton-hiring/ |access-date=June 24, 2020 |work=[[CNN]] |date=June 19, 2020}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa na [[Mulara wa ŵantchito ŵa White House|ŵalara ŵanayi ŵa ŵantchito ŵa White House]], ndipo wakapatura panji kufumiska ŵanyake.<ref name=Keither>{{cite news |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |date=March 6, 2020 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |title=Mick Mulvaney Out, Mark Meadows in As White House Chief Of Staff |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/06/766025774/mick-mulvaney-out-as-white-house-chief-of-staff}}</ref> Mu Meyi 2017, wakachimbizga [[Kuchimbizgika kwa James Comey|mulongozgi wa Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), James Comey]], ndipo mazuŵa ghachoko pamanyuma wakati wakafipanga mtima chifukwa cha mulimo wa Comey mu kufufuza vya Trump na Russia.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Stanek |first=Becca |date=May 11, 2017 |title=President Trump just completely contradicted the official White House account of the Comey firing |magazine=[[The Week]] |url=https://theweek.com/speedreads/698368/president-trump-just-completely-contradicted-official-white-house-account-comey-firing |access-date=May 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Schmidt |first1=Michael S. |author-link1=Michael S. Schmidt |last2=Apuzzo |first2=Matt |author-link2=Matt Apuzzo |date=June 7, 2017 |title=Comey Says Trump Pressured Him to 'Lift the Cloud' of Inquiry |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/07/us/politics/james-comey-statement-testimony.html |access-date=November 2, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa ŵalara 15 ŵa kabineti yake yakwamba, ŵatatu ŵakafumapo panji ŵakachichizgika kuleka ntchito mukati mwa chaka chakwamba.<ref name="538 Cabinet">{{cite news |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-incredibly-and-historically-unstable-first-year-of-trumps-cabinet/ |title=The Incredibly And Historically Unstable First Year Of Trump's Cabinet |last=Jones-Rooy |first=Andrea |date=November 29, 2017 |work=[[FiveThirtyEight]] |access-date=March 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129123144/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-incredibly-and-historically-unstable-first-year-of-trumps-cabinet/ |archive-date=November 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name=Brookings/> Trump wakachedwanga kusora ŵantchito ŵa maudindo ghachoko mu nthambi ya boma, pakuti wakati maudindo ghanandi ghakaŵa ghambura kukhumbikwa. Mu Okutobala 2017, pakaŵa maudindo ghanandi gha pasi pa kabineti agho ghakaŵavya munthu wakusankhika.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/10/12/557122200/trump-leaves-top-administration-positions-unfilled-says-hollow-government-by-des |title=Trump Leaves Top Administration Positions Unfilled, Says Hollow Government By Design |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |date=October 12, 2017 |work=[[NPR News]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Pakufika Janyuwale&nbsp;8, 2019, pa maudindo ghakuzirwa 706, 433 ghakaŵa ghazuzgika ndipo pakaŵavya munthu wakusankhika pa maudindo 264.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 8, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2021 |title=Tracking how many key positions Trump has filled so far |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-administration-appointee-tracker/database/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Vyeruzgo === {{further|[[Mndandanda wa ŵeruzgi ŵa boma ŵakusankhika na Donald Trump|Mndandanda wa ŵeruzgi ŵa boma ŵakusankhika na Donald Trump]]|[[Mikangano pa kusankha ŵeruzgi na Donald Trump|Mikangano pa kusankha ŵeruzgi na Donald Trump]]}} Trump wakasora [[Weruzgi wa boma wa United States|ŵeruzgi ŵa boma]] 234, kusazgapo 54 ku [[Makhoti gha apilu gha United States|makhoti gha apilu]] na [[Ŵakusankhika ŵa Khoti Likuru na Donald Trump|ŵatatu]] ku [[Khoti Likuru la United States]], awo mba [[Neil Gorsuch]], [[Brett Kavanaugh]], na [[Amy Coney Barrett]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Gramlich |first=John |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/01/13/how-trump-compares-with-other-recent-presidents-in-appointing-federal-judges/ |title=How Trump compares with other recent presidents in appointing federal judges |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=January 13, 2021 |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2025-01/apptsbypres.pdf |title=Judgeship Appointments by President |work=United States Courts |access-date=January 16, 2026}}</ref> ndipo kusankha uku kukapangiska Khoti Likuru kutolera maghanoghano gha ku woko lamalyero.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/26/trump-legacy-supreme-court-422058 |title=Trump's legacy is now the Supreme Court |first=Anita |last=Kumar |date=September 26, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=[[Voice of America]] |title=Trump's Lasting Legacy: Conservative Supermajority on Supreme Court |first=Masood |last=Farivar |date=December 24, 2020 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/usa_trumps-lasting-legacy-conservative-supermajority-supreme-court/6199935.html |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nine Black Robes: Inside the Supreme Court's Drive to the Right and Its Historic Consequences |first=Joan |last=Biskupic |author-link=Joan Biskupic |url=https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2023/06/02/nine-black-robes-supreme-court |date=June 2, 2023 |work=[[WBUR-FM]] |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref> Mu kampeni ya chisola cha 2016, wakalayizga kuti ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' "yizamumazgika yekhayekha" usange wangasankhika na kusanga mwaŵi wakusora ŵeruzgi ŵaŵiri panji ŵatatu awo ŵakususkana na nthumbo. Pamanyuma wakajilumba chifukwa chakuti ''Roe'' yikamazgika na mulandu wa ''[[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization]]'' mu 2022; ŵeruzgi ŵake ŵose ŵatatu ŵa Khoti Likuru ŵakavotera limoza na ŵanandi.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[The Week]] |title=Trump takes credit for Dobbs decision but worries it 'won't help him in the future' |first=Grayson |last=Quay |date=June 25, 2022 |url=https://theweek.com/donald-trump/1014657/trump-takes-credit-for-dobbs-decision-but-worries-it-wont-help-him-in-the |access-date=October 2, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-was-able-kill-roe-v-wade-rcna84897 |first=Sahil |last=Kapur |title=Trump: 'I was able to kill Roe v. Wade' |date=May 17, 2023 |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref> Trump wakasuskanga makhoti na ŵeruzgi awo wakasanganga nawo maghanoghano ghakupambana, kanandi mwakukhwaska munthu yekha, ndipo wakakayikiranga mazaza gha makhoti agho ghali mu Dango Likuru. Kuwukira kwake makhoti kukasuskika na ŵanthu ŵanandi, kusazgapo ŵeruzgi ŵa boma awo ŵakaŵa pa udindo, awo ŵakafipanga mtima na umo mazgu ghake ghakakhwaskiranga [[kujiyimira paŵekha kwa vyeruzgo]] na kugomezgeka kwa makhoti na ŵanthu.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Abby |last1=Phillip |author-link1=Abby Phillip |first2=Robert |last2=Barnes |first3=Ed |last3=O'Keefe |author-link3=Ed O'Keefe |title=Supreme Court nominee Gorsuch says Trump's attacks on judiciary are 'demoralizing' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/supreme-court-nominee-gorsuch-says-trumps-attacks-on-judiciary-are-demoralizing/2017/02/08/64e03fe2-ee3f-11e6-9662-6eedf1627882_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=February 8, 2017 |access-date=October 6, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Katie |last=Shepherd |title=Trump 'violates all recognized democratic norms,' federal judge says in biting speech on judicial independence |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/11/08/judge-says-trump-violates-democratic-norms-judiciary-speech/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 8, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Mliri wa COVID-19 === {{main|COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}} {{further|U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic|Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic}} {{see also|Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}} [[File:White House Press Briefing (49666120807).jpg|thumb|Kuchita ungano wa atolankhani wa COVID-19 pamoza na ŵanthu ŵa mu [[White House Coronavirus Task Force]] pa March&nbsp;15, 2020|alt=Trump wakuyowoya mu chipinda cha ungano wa atolankhani cha West Wing pamoza na ŵalaraŵalara ŵakupambanapambana awo ŵimilira kumanyuma kwake, wose ŵavwara vyakuvwara vya boma ndipo ŵalije visalu vya kumaso]] Pamanyuma pakuleka kupulikira machenjezgo gha umoyo wa ŵanthu kweniso malurombo gha ŵantchito ŵa vyaumoyo awo ŵakagwiranga nayo ntchito kwa masabata ghanandi,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-04-19/coronavirus-outbreak-president-trump-slow-response |title=How Trump let the U.S. fall behind the curve on coronavirus threat |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=April 19, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |first1=David S. |last1=Cloud |first2=Paul |last2=Pringle |author-link2=Paul Pringle |first3=Eli |last3=Stokols |author-link3=Eli Stokols}}</ref> Trump wakakhazikiska [[White House Coronavirus Task Force]] kuumaliro wa January.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coronavirus-outbreak-task-force-created-by-trump-to-lead-us-government-response-to-wuhan-virus/ |title=Trump creates task force to lead U.S. coronavirus response |work=[[CBS News]] |date=January 30, 2020 |access-date=October 10, 2020}}</ref> Mu March, wakasayina dango la [[CARES Act]]—ndondomeko ya ndalama zakukhozga chuma ya US$2.2&nbsp;trillion yakovwirika na vipani vyose viŵiri—iyo yikaŵa yikuru chomene pa mbiri ya United States.<ref name="NY Times stimulus united senate">{{cite news |last1=Hulse |first1=Carl |author-link1=Carl Hulse |last2=Cochrane |first2=Emily |title=As Coronavirus Spread, Largest Stimulus in History United a Polarized Senate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/us/coronavirus-senate-stimulus-package.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 26, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="AP Trump signs 2.2">{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Andrew |last2=Fram |first2=Alan |last3=Kellman |first3=Laurie |last4=Superville |first4=Darlene |title=Trump signs $2.2T stimulus after swift congressional votes |url=https://apnews.com/2099a53bb8adf2def7ee7329ea322f9d |work=[[AP News]] |date=March 28, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa masabata ghanandi gha kuwukira ŵanyake kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuwona umo wakachedwera kuzgora mliri uwu, Trump wakalekeska ndalama zakovwira [[World Health Organization]] mu April.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ollstein |first=Alice Miranda |title=Trump halts funding to World Health Organization |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/14/trump-world-health-organization-funding-186786 |access-date=September 7, 2020 |work=[[Politico]] |date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> Wakachiska ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha ndyali cha kumanjiliro kuchita [[COVID-19 protests in the United States|viwonetsero vyakususkana na ndondomeko za kusungilira mtunda pakati pa ŵanthu]] mu vyaru ivyo vikaŵa na malango gha kukhala pa nyumba,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Mervosh |first2=Sarah |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/17/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-governors.html |title=Trump Encourages Protest Against Governors Who Have Imposed Virus Restrictions |date=April 17, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=April 19, 2020}}</ref> ndipo kanandi waka wakakakamizga mabungwe gha boma agho ghakawoneleranga vyaumoyo kuti ghachite ivyo iyo wakakhumbanga,<ref name="CNN-testing-pressure">{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/26/politics/cdc-coronavirus-testing-guidance/ |title=CDC was pressured 'from the top down' to change coronavirus testing guidance, official says |date=August 26, 2020 |work=[[CNN]] |first1=Nick |last1=Valencia |first2=Sara |last2=Murray |author-link2=Sara Murray (journalist) |first3=Kristen |last3=Holmes |access-date=August 26, 2020}}</ref> nga nkhuvomerezga munkhwala uwo undaŵe ukulongora kuti ngwakovwira.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/06/15/hydroxychloroquine-authorization-revoked-coronavirus/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 15, 2020 |access-date=October 7, 2021 |title=FDA pulls emergency approval for antimalarial drugs touted by Trump as covid-19 treatment |first1=Laurie |last1=McGinley |first2=Carolyn Y. |last2=Johnson |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name=pressed>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/12/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-treatment-vaccine.html |title=Trump Pressed for Plasma Therapy. Officials Worry, Is an Unvetted Vaccine Next? |date=September 12, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |first1=Sharon |last1=LaFraniere |author-link1=Sharon LaFraniere |first2=Noah |last2=Weiland |first3=Michael D. |last3=Shear |author-link3=Michael D. Shear |access-date=September 13, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu October, Trump [[White House COVID-19 outbreak#Presidential hospitalization and early release|wakagonekeka muchipatala kwa mazuŵa ghatatu]] chifukwa cha matenda ghakuru gha [[COVID-19]], apo gulu lake la ŵadokotala likachepeskanga ukuru wa matenda ghake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Weiland |first1=Noah |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |last3=Mazzetti |first3=Mark |author-link3=Mark Mazzetti |last4=Karni |first4=Annie |author-link4=Annie Karni |date=February 11, 2021 |title=Trump Was Sicker Than Acknowledged With Covid-19 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/11/us/politics/trump-coronavirus.html |access-date=February 16, 2021}}</ref> === Kufufuzika === {{further|Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections|Mueller special counsel investigation|Mueller report}} Pamanyuma pakuti wanjira mu udindo, Trump wakaŵa wakufufuzika chomene na [[United States Department of Justice|Dipatimenti ya Chilungamo]] kweniso Congress, ndipo kufufuza kukakhwaskanga kampeni yake ya chisankho, nyengo ya kusintha boma, mwambo wa kunjira mu udindo, ivyo wakachitanga apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, [[The Trump Organization|mabizinesi ghake], msonkho wake, kweniso [[Donald J. Trump Foundation|wupu wake wakuchitira vya wovwiri]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodward |first1=Calvin |last2=Pace |first2=Julie |date=December 16, 2018 |title=Scope of investigations into Trump has shaped his presidency |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d6361fdf19846cb9eb020d9c6fbfa5a |access-date=December 19, 2018 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Pakaŵa kufufuza kwa milandu 10 ya boma la federal, kufufuza 8 kwa maboma na kwa malo, kweniso kufufuza 12 kwa Congress.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Buchanan |first1=Larry |last2=Yourish |first2=Karen |date=September 25, 2019 |title=Tracking 30 Investigations Related to Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/05/13/us/politics/trump-investigations.html |access-date=October 4, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu July 2016, [[FBI]] yikamba [[Crossfire Hurricane (FBI investigation)|Crossfire Hurricane]], kufufuza vyakukhwaskana na kukolerana pakati pa Russia na kampeni ya Trump ya chisankho cha 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Apuzzo |first1=Matt |author-link=Matt Apuzzo |last2=Goldman |first2=Adam |author-link2=Adam Goldman |last3=Fandos |first3=Nicholas |date=May 16, 2018 |title=Code Name Crossfire Hurricane: The Secret Origins of the Trump Investigation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/16/us/politics/crossfire-hurricane-trump-russia-fbi-mueller-investigation.html |url-access=limited |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Trump wakati wafumiska Comey mu May 2017, FBI yikajura kufufuza kwachiŵiri pa vyamalonda vyake kweniso [[Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia|mabizinesi ghake ku Russia]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Dilanian |first=Ken |date=September 7, 2020 |title=FBI agent who helped launch Russia investigation says Trump was 'compromised' |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/fbi-agent-who-helped-launch-russia-investigation-says-trump-was-n1239442 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Mu January 2017, mabungwe ghatatu gha vyaumanyi gha United States ghakati mwakugomezgeka chomene kuti [[Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections|Russia yikanjilirapo mu chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2016]] kuti yiwovwire Trump.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rosenberg |first=Matthew |author-link=Matthew Rosenberg |date=July 6, 2017 |title=Trump Misleads on Russian Meddling: Why 17 Intelligence Agencies Don't Need to Agree |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/06/us/politics/trump-russia-intelligence-agencies-cia-fbi-nsa.html |access-date=October 7, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sanger |first=David E. |author-link=David E. Sanger |date=January 6, 2017 |title=Putin Ordered 'Influence Campaign' Aimed at U.S. Election, Report Says |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/06/us/politics/russia-hack-report.html |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake, Crossfire Hurricane yikasamukira ku [[Robert Mueller]] [[Mueller special counsel investigation|kufufuza kwa mulara wapadera]];<ref>{{cite news |last=Pearson |first=Nick |date=May 17, 2018 |title=Crossfire Hurricane: Trump Russia investigation started with Alexander Downer interview |url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/crossfire-hurricane-trump-russia-investigation-started-with-alexander-downer-interview/16121e23-bdfc-4f32-9822-e4a7f841e3e4 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[Nine News]]}}</ref> kufufuza kwa ubwezi wa Trump na Russia kukamara apo Muteŵeti wa Attorney General [[Rod Rosenstein]] wakaphalira FBI kuti Mueller ndiyo wafufuzgenge nkhani iyi.<ref name="never">{{cite news |last=Schmidt |first=Michael S. |author-link=Michael S. Schmidt |date=August 30, 2020 |title=Justice Dept. Never Fully Examined Trump's Ties to Russia, Ex-Officials Say |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/30/us/politics/trump-russia-justice-department.html |url-access=limited |access-date=October 8, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Rosenstein to testify in Senate on Trump-Russia probe |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-russia-rosenstein-idUSKBN23330H |access-date=October 19, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa pempho la Rosenstein, kufufuza kwa Mueller kukafufuza milandu "yakukhwaskana na kunjilirapo kwa Russia mu chisankho cha 2016".<ref name="never" /> [[Mueller report|Lipoti laumaliro la Mueller]] mu March 2019<ref>{{cite news |last=Breuninger |first=Kevin |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Mueller probe ends: Special counsel submits Russia report to Attorney General William Barr |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/22/robert-mueller-submits-special-counsels-russia-probe-report-to-attorney-general-william-barr.html |access-date=March 22, 2019 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> likasanga kuti Russia yikanjilirapo mu chisankho cha 2016 kuti yiwovwire Trump,<ref>{{cite news |date=January 16, 2012 |title=Main points of Mueller report |url=https://www.afp.com/en/news/15/main-points-mueller-report-doc-1fr5vv1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420143436/https://www.afp.com/en/news/15/main-points-mueller-report-doc-1fr5vv1 |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019 |work=[[Agence France-Presse]]}}</ref> ndipo Trump na kampeni yake ŵakazomera na kuchiska kuyezgayezga uku,<ref>{{cite news |last=Mazzetti |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Mazzetti |date=July 24, 2019 |title=Mueller Warns of Russian Sabotage and Rejects Trump's 'Witch Hunt' Claims |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/24/us/politics/trump-mueller-testimony.html |access-date=March 4, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Trump briefly acknowledges that Russia aided his election – and falsely says he didn't help the effort |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/05/30/trump-briefly-acknowledges-that-russia-aided-his-election-falsely-says-he-didnt-help-effort/ |access-date=March 5, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Polantz |first1=Katelyn |last2=Kaufman |first2=Ellie |last3=Murray |first3=Sara |date=June 19, 2020 |title=Mueller raised possibility Trump lied to him, newly unsealed report reveals |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/19/politics/mueller-report-rerelease-fewer-redactions/ |access-date=October 30, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> kweni ukaboni "ukalongora yayi" kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu kampeni ya Trump ŵakachita chiwembu panji kugwirana ntchito na Russia.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ostriker |first1=Rebecca |last2=Puzzanghera |first2=Jim |last3=Finucane |first3=Martin |last4=Datar |first4=Saurabh |last5=Uraizee |first5=Irfan |last6=Garvin |first6=Patrick |date=April 18, 2019 |title=What the Mueller report says about Trump and more |url=https://apps.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/graphics/2019/03/mueller-report/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |work=[[The Boston Globe]]}}</ref><ref name="takeaways">{{cite magazine |last=Law |first=Tara |date=April 18, 2019 |title=Here Are the Biggest Takeaways From the Mueller Report |url=https://time.com/5567077/mueller-report-release/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Trump wakati lipoti ili likamutozga ku mulandu uliwose nangauli Mueller wakalemba kuti likaŵa nthena yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yen |first1=Hope |last2=Woodward |first2=Calvin |date=July 24, 2019 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump falsely claims Mueller exonerated him |url=https://apnews.com/article/130932b573664ea5a4d186f752bb8d50 |access-date=October 8, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Lipoti ili likalongosoraso ukaboni wa kukhuŵazga chilungamo uwo Trump wangachita, kweni "likafika yayi pa fundo yaumaliro",<ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=Devlin |last2=Zapotosky |first2=Matt |date=April 17, 2019 |title=Mueller report lays out obstruction evidence against the president |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/attorney-general-to-provide-overview-of-mueller-report-at-news-conference-before-its-release/2019/04/17/8dcc9440-54b9-11e9-814f-e2f46684196e_story.html |access-date=April 20, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Farley |first1=Robert |last2=Robertson |first2=Lori |last3=Gore |first3=D'Angelo |last4=Spencer |first4=Saranac Hale |last5=Fichera |first5=Angelo |last6=McDonald |first6=Jessica |date=April 18, 2019 |title=What the Mueller Report Says About Obstruction |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2019/04/what-the-mueller-report-says-about-obstruction/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref> ndipo likaleka Congress ndiyo yisankhe usange pakwenera kupeleka milandu.<ref name="LM">{{cite news |last=Mascaro |first=Lisa |date=April 18, 2019 |title=Mueller drops obstruction dilemma on Congress |url=https://apnews.com/article/35829a2b010248f193d1efd00c4de7e5 |access-date=April 20, 2019 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> === Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake === {{main|Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Misonkho ya katundu (tariffs) mu boma lakwamba la Trump}} {{further|Ubwezi wa Russia na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi wa China na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Suzgo la North Korea la nyukiliya la 2017–2018|Ndondomeko ya mtende wa Korea ya 2018–19}} [[File:-G7Biarritz (48616362963).jpg|thumb|alt=A group of seven men and one woman, sitting at a round conference table. Trump wears a dark blue suit, white dress shirt, and light blue necktie. A small sign reading "G7 France Biarritz 2019" hangs on the wall behind them.|Ŵalongozgi ŵa [[Group of Seven|G7]] pa [[45th G7 summit|msonkhano wa 45]] ku France mu 2019]] Trump wakujichema kuti ni "munthu wakutemwa charu chake"<ref>{{cite news |first=William |last=Cummings |title='I am a nationalist': Trump's embrace of controversial label sparks uproar |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/24/trump-says-hes-nationalist-what-means-why-its-controversial/1748521002/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=October 24, 2018 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> ndipo ndondomeko yake ya vyaru vinyake yikachemekanga kuti "[[America First]]".<ref name=Bennhold>{{cite news |first=Katrin |last=Bennhold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/06/world/europe/germany-troop-withdrawal-america.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Has 'America First' Become 'Trump First'? Germans Wonder |date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakawovwira maboma gha [[populism]], [[neo-nationalism]], na maboma gha ulongozgi wa nkhongono.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2018/10/can-us-democracy-policy-survive-trump?lang=en |title=Can U.S. Democracy Policy Survive Trump? |last1=Carothers |first1=Thomas |author-link1=Thomas Carothers |last2=Brown |first2=Frances Z. |date=October 1, 2018 |website=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] |access-date=October 19, 2019}}</ref> Pa nyengo yake ya kuwusa, ubwezi wa United States na vyaru vinyake ukaŵa wakusuzga chifukwa cha kusintha-sintha kwa ndondomeko zake.<ref name="Bennhold" />{{sfn|McGurk|2020}} Ubwezi wa United States na ŵabwezi ŵake ku Europe nawo ukasuzgika.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ana |last=Swanson |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/economy/trump-european-union-trade.html |title=Trump Administration Escalates Tensions With Europe as Crisis Looms |date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakasozga ŵabwezi ŵa [[Member states of NATO|NATO]] ndipo mwakubisika wakayowoya kuti United States yikeneranga kufuma mu [[Withdrawal from NATO#United States|NATO]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=May 26, 2017 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |title=Trump Says NATO Allies Don't Pay Their Share. Is That True? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/26/world/europe/nato-trump-spending.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Cooper |first2=Helene |author-link2=Helene Cooper |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/us/politics/nato-president-trump.html |title=Trump Discussed Pulling U.S. From NATO, Aides Say Amid New Concerns Over Russia |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 14, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakawovwira ndondomeko zinandi za nduna yikuru ya Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sommer |first=Allison Kaplan |date=July 25, 2019 |title=How Trump and Netanyahu Became Each Other's Most Effective Political Weapon |work=[[Haaretz]] |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2019-07-25/ty-article/.premium/how-trump-and-netanyahu-became-each-others-most-effective-political-weapon/0000017f-f22d-d497-a1ff-f2ad5c310000 |access-date=August 2, 2019}}</ref> Mu 2020, Trump wakalongozga mwambo wakusayinirana [[Abraham Accords]] pakati pa Israel, [[United Arab Emirates]] na [[Bahrain]] kuti ŵawovwire ubwezi wa vyaru ivi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Israel, U.A.E. and Bahrain Sign Accords, With an Eager Trump Playing Host |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/15/us/politics/trump-israel-peace-emirates-bahrain.html |access-date=February 9, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> [[File:President Trump & the First Lady's Trip to Europe (42547210635).jpg|thumb|Trump wakukorana mawoko na pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] pa [[2018 Russia–United States Summit|msonkhano wa 2018]] ku Helsinki, Finland]] Mu 2018, Trump wakambiska [[China–United States trade war|nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States]] mwa kuŵika misonkho ya katundu na mphaka zinyake za malonda, wakuti vikachitikanga kuti China yimazge nthowa zake zambura urunji pa malonda na [[Allegations of intellectual property infringement by China|kwiba vinjeru vya ŵanyake]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Swanson |first=Ana |date=July 5, 2018 |title=Trump's Trade War With China Is Officially Underway |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/business/china-us-trade-war-trump-tariffs.html |access-date=May 26, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakanangiska chilango chikuru chomene icho United States yikaŵikapo pa Russia pamanyuma pa [[2014 Russian annexation of Crimea]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Zengerle |first=Patricia |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Bid to keep U.S. sanctions on Russia's Rusal fails in Senate |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-sanctions/bid-to-keep-u-s-sanctions-on-russias-rusal-fails-in-senate-idUSKCN1PA2JB |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Whalen |first=Jeanne |date=January 15, 2019 |title=In rare rebuke of Trump administration, some GOP lawmakers advance measure to oppose lifting Russian sanctions |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/16/rare-rebuke-trump-administration-some-gop-lawmakers-advance-measure-oppose-lifting-russian-sanctions/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kanandi wakalumbanga pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]], ndipo ŵakususkana nayo ŵakati wakamususkanga pachoko waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=August 10, 2017 |title=Trump Praises Putin Instead of Critiquing Cuts to U.S. Embassy Staff |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/10/world/europe/putin-trump-embassy-russia.html |access-date=June 7, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nussbaum |first=Matthew |date=April 8, 2018 |title=Trump blames Putin for backing 'Animal Assad' |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/08/trump-putin-syria-attack-508223 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> nangauli wakakananga vinyake ivyo boma la Russia likachitanga.<ref>{{cite news |date=December 21, 2019 |title=Nord Stream 2: Trump approves sanctions on Russia gas pipeline |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50875935 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]] chifukwa wakati Russia yikapulikira yayi phangano ili,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bugos |first=Shannon |date=September 2019 |title=U.S. Completes INF Treaty Withdrawal |url=https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-09/news/us-completes-inf-treaty-withdrawal |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=[[Arms Control Association]]}}</ref> ndipo wakawovwira kuti Russia yiwezgekeso mu [[G7]].<ref name="G8">{{cite news |last=Panetta |first=Grace |date=June 14, 2018 |title=Trump reportedly claimed to leaders at the G7 that Crimea is part of Russia because everyone there speaks Russian |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-claims-crimea-is-part-of-russia-since-people-speak-russian-g7-summit-2018-6 |access-date=February 13, 2020 |work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> Apo [[North Korea's nuclear weapons|vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] vikawonekanga kuti ni suzgo likuru,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Adam |last2=Meko |first2=Tim |date=December 21, 2017 |title=What made North Korea's weapons programs so much scarier in 2017 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/12/21/what-made-north-koreas-weapons-programs-so-much-scarier-in-2017/ |access-date=July 5, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States uyo wakaŵa pa udindo kukumana na mulongozgi wa North Korea, [[Kim Jong Un]], ndipo ŵakakumana katatu pakati pa Juni 2018 na Juni 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Crowley |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=June 30, 2019 |title=Trump Steps Into North Korea and Agrees With Kim Jong-un to Resume Talks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/30/world/asia/trump-north-korea-dmz.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kweni kudumbiskana pa [[denuclearization]] ya North Korea kukamara mu Okutobala 2019 kwambura kufika pa phangano lililose.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanger |first1=David E. |author-link1=David E. Sanger |last2=Sang-Hun |first2=Choe |author-link2=Choe Sang-hun |date=June 12, 2020 |title=Two Years After Trump-Kim Meeting, Little to Show for Personal Diplomacy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/world/asia/korea-nuclear-trump-kim.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tanner |first1=Jari |last2=Lee |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matt Lee (journalist) |date=October 5, 2019 |title=North Korea Says Nuclear Talks Break Down While U.S. Says They Were 'Good' |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-ap-top-news-north-korea-vietnam-c66474b67b3e41cdad6d21ba3385ddc2 |access-date=July 21, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Trump wakakanizgikaso ivyo wakayowoyanga na ŵalaraŵalara ŵa visola vya boma,<ref>{{cite news |last=Woodward |first=Calvin |date=November 16, 2020 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump conclusively lost, denies the evidence |url=https://apnews.com/article/ap-fact-check-trump-conclusively-lost-bbb9d8c808021ed65d91aee003a7bc64 |access-date=November 17, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> ndipo Khoti Likuru Chomene likakana kupulika [[Texas v. Pennsylvania|mulandu uwo ukakhumbanga kuti usinthe ivyo vikafuma mu visola]] mu vyaru vinayi ivyo Biden wakathereska.<ref>{{cite news |last=Liptak |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Liptak |date=December 11, 2020 |title=Supreme Court Rejects Texas Suit Seeking to Subvert Election |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/11/us/politics/supreme-court-election-texas.html |access-date=October 9, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kanandi waka Trump wakapenja wovwiri wakuti wasinthe ivyo vikafuma mu visola, wakakanizga na kukakamizga yekha ŵalaraŵalara ŵa Republican ŵa mu malo na ŵa maboma,<ref name="amyG">{{cite news |last=Gardner |first=Amy |date=January 3, 2021 |title='I just want to find 11,780 votes': In extraordinary hour-long call, Trump pressures Georgia secretary of state to recalculate the vote in his favor |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-raffensperger-call-georgia-vote/2021/01/03/d45acb92-4dc4-11eb-bda4-615aaefd0555_story.html |access-date=January 20, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ŵimiliri ŵa malango ŵa Republican,<ref name="pressure">{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Anita |last2=Orr |first2=Gabby |last3=McGraw |first3=Meridith |date=December 21, 2020 |title=Inside Trump's pressure campaign to overturn the election |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/21/trump-pressure-campaign-overturn-election-449486 |access-date=December 22, 2020 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Dipatimenti ya Malango,<ref>{{cite news |last=Cohen |first=Marshall |date=November 5, 2021 |title=Timeline of the coup: How Trump tried to weaponize the Justice Department to overturn the 2020 election |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/11/05/politics/january-6-timeline-trump-coup/ |access-date=November 6, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> na Muteŵeti wa Pulezidenti Pence,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Haberman |first1=Maggie |author-link1=Maggie Haberman |last2=Karni |first2=Annie |author-link2=Annie Karni |date=January 5, 2021 |title=Pence Said to Have Told Trump that he Lacks Power to Change Election Result |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/us/politics/pence-trump-election-results.html |access-date=January 7, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakuŵachiska kuti ŵachite vinthu nga nkhusintha [[Ndondomeko ya ma elector ŵautesi ya Trump|ma elector ŵa pulezidenti]],<ref name="pressure" /> panji kuti ŵalaraŵalara ŵa Georgia [[Foni ya Trump–Raffensperger|"ŵasangepo" mavoti na kupharazga]] ivyo "vaweleraso kuŵerengeka".<ref name="amyG"/> Trump wakaluta yayi ku [[Kunjizgika mu udindo kwa Biden]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20.<ref>{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=January 20, 2021 |title=Trump Departs Vowing, 'We Will Be Back in Some Form' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/20/us/politics/trump-presidency.html |access-date=January 25, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Kuukira kwa pa Janyuwale 6 === {{main|[[Kuukira kwa pa United States Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, 2021|Kuukira kwa pa United States Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, 2021]]}} [[File:2021 storming of the United States Capitol DSC09254-2 (50820534063) (retouched).jpg|thumb|Mzinda wa ŵalondezgi ŵa Trump pa nyengo ya kuukira]] Pa Janyuwale&nbsp;6, 2021, apo [[Kuŵerenga mavoti gha Electoral College gha United States cha 2021|Congress yikakhazikiskanga ivyo vikafuma mu visola vya pulezidenti]], [[Msonkhano wa Trump wa pa Janyuwale 6|Trump wakachita msonkhano]] uwo wakachemerezgamo kuti ivyo vikafuma mu visola visinthike ndipo wakachiska ŵalondezgi ŵake kuti "ŵarwe mwankhongono" na "kuwezgerapo charu chithu" mwa kwenda ku Capitol.<ref>{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 10, 2021 |title=Incitement to Riot? What Trump Told Supporters Before Mob Stormed Capitol |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/10/us/trump-speech-riot.html |access-date=January 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵakawungana mu mzinda ndipo ŵakanjira mu nyumba ya Capitol, ŵakaparanya ndondomeko ya kukhozgera ivyo vikafuma mu visola ndipo ŵakachitiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu Congress ŵafumiskike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tan |first1=Shelley |last2=Shin |first2=Youjin |last3=Rindler |first3=Danielle |date=January 9, 2021 |title=How one of America's ugliest days unraveled inside and outside the Capitol |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/interactive/2021/capitol-insurrection-visual-timeline/ |access-date=May 2, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ŵapolisi ŵakujumpha 140 ŵakapwetekeka, ndipo ŵanthu ŵankhondi ŵakafwa pa nyengo ya kuukira panji pamanyuma pake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rubin |first1=Olivia |last2=Mallin |first2=Alexander |last3=Steakin |first3=Will |date=January 4, 2022 |title=By the numbers: How the Jan. 6 investigation is shaping up 1 year later |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/numbers-jan-investigation-shaping-year/story?id=82057743 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Cameron |first=Chris |date=January 5, 2022 |title=These Are the People Who Died in Connection With the Capitol Riot |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/05/us/politics/jan-6-capitol-deaths.html |access-date=January 29, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chinthu ichi chalongosoreka kuti chikaŵa [[kujipoka boma]] uko Trump wakayezga kuchita.{{sfn|Pion-Berlin|Bruneau|Goetze|2022}}{{sfn|Harvey|2022|p=3|}}{{sfn|Castañeda|Jenks|2023|p=246}} Pamanyuma pake Congress yikawunganaso ndipo yikakhozgera kuthereska kwa Biden m'maora ghakwambilira gha Janyuwale&nbsp;7.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregorian |first1=Dareh |last2=Gibson |first2=Ginger |last3=Kapur |first3=Sahil |last4=Helsel |first4=Phil |date=January 6, 2021 |title=Congress confirms Biden's win after pro-Trump mob's assault on Capitol |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-election/congress-begin-electoral-vote-count-amid-protests-inside-outside-capitol-n1253013 |access-date=January 8, 2021 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> == Pakati pa maulamuliro gha upulezidenti (2021–2025) == Wakati wafumanga mu White House, Trump wakamba kukhala ku Mar-a-Lago, ndipo wakakhazikiska ofesi kula nga umo vikulongosorekera mu [[Former Presidents Act|Former Presidents Act]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Jan |date=January 27, 2021 |title=Explainer: Why Trump's post-presidency perks, like a pension and office, are safe for the rest of his life |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment-benefits-explai-idUSKBN29W238 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ivyo wakalutilira kuyowoya mwautesi vya [[Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election|chisola cha 2020 icho wakati chikabika]] vikamanyikwanga chomene na awo ŵakamususkanga kuti "[[big lie|utesi ukuru]]", nangauli mu Meyi 2021, iyo na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakamulondezganga ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito mazgu agha pakuyowoya vya chisola chenechicho.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Solender |first=Andrew |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Trump Says He'll Appropriate 'The Big Lie' To Refer To His Election Loss |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2021/05/03/trump-says-hell-appropriate-the-big-lie-to-refer-to-his-election-loss/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="key2">{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=May 19, 2021 |title=The 5 key elements of Trump's Big Lie and how it came to be |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/19/politics/donald-trump-big-lie-explainer/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Chipani cha Republican chikagwiliskira ntchito ivyo wakayowoyanga mwautesi vya chisola kuti chilongosore chifukwa cha [[Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 United States presidential election|kwambiska malango ghaphya ghakukanizga kuvota]] kuti chiŵawovwire.<ref>{{cite news |last=Balz |first=Dan |author-link=Dan Balz |date=May 29, 2021 |title=The GOP push to revisit 2020 has worrisome implications for future elections |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-big-lie-elections-impact/2021/05/29/d7992fa2-c07d-11eb-b26e-53663e6be6ff_story.html |access-date=June 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Izaguirre |first1=Anthony |last2=Coronado |first2=Acacia |date=January 31, 2021 |title=GOP lawmakers seek tougher voting rules after record turnout |url=https://apnews.com/article/bills-voting-rights-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-voter-registration-0e94844d72d2a2bf8b51b1c950bd64fc |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=McCaskill |first=Nolan D. |date=March 15, 2021 |title=After Trump's loss and false fraud claims, GOP eyes voter restrictions across nation |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/15/voting-restrictions-states-475732 |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kukakamizga ŵimiliri ŵa maboma gha vigaŵa kuti ŵasinthe ivyo vikafuma mu chisola.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bender |first1=Michael C. |author-link1=Michael C. Bender |last2=Epstein |first2=Reid J. |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Trump Recently Urged a Powerful Legislator to Overturn His 2020 Defeat in Wisconsin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/us/politics/trump-wisconsin-election-call.html |access-date=August 13, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kupambana na ŵapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵakale, Trump wakalutilira kulamulira chipani chake; mbiri iyo yikalembeka mu ''The New York Times'' mu 2022 yikamulongosora nga ni [[party boss|mulongozgi mukuru wa chipani]] wa mazuŵa ghasono.<ref name="PB2">{{cite news |last=Goldmacher |first=Shane |date=April 17, 2022 |title=Mar-a-Lago Machine: Trump as a Modern-Day Party Boss |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/17/us/politics/trump-mar-a-lago.html |access-date=July 31, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalutilira kusanga ndalama za ndondomeko zake, ndipo wakasanga [[war chest|nkhokwe ya ndalama]] iyo yikaŵa yakuluska kaŵiri ya Chipani cha Republican, kweniso wakasanganga phindu kufuma ku vyakusonkhezgera ndalama ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa Republican ŵakachitiranga ku Mar-a-Lago. Chigaŵa chikuru cha ntchito yake chikaŵa pa kulongozga chipani na kuŵika ŵanthu ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo mu maudindo ghakuzirwa.<ref name="PB2" /> Mu [[2022 midterm elections|visola vya pakati pa nyengo ya 2022]], Trump wakazomerezga ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 200 kuti ŵapikisane pa maudindo ghakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paybarah |first=Azi |author-link=Azi Paybarah |date=August 2, 2022 |title=Where Trump's Endorsement Record Stands Halfway through Primary Season |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/02/us/politics/trump-endorsements-midterm-primary-election.html |access-date=August 3, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2022, kampani yake ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group|Trump Media & Technology Group]] (TMTG) yikambiska pulatifomu ya pa intaneti yakovwira Trump yakuchemeka [[Truth Social|Truth Social]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhuyian |first=Johana |date=February 21, 2022 |title=Donald Trump's social media app launches on Apple store |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/21/donald-trumps-social-media-app-truth-social-launches-on-apple-store |access-date=May 7, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2024, TMTG yikazgoka kampani ya pa msika wa masheya.<ref>{{cite news |last=Harwell |first=Drew |author-link=Drew Harwell |date=March 26, 2024 |title=Trump Media soars in first day of public tradings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/03/25/truth-social-trump-media-stock-market-billions/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango === {{see also|[[Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump|Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump]]|[[Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency|Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency]]}} Mu 2019, mulembi wa nkhani [[E. Jean Carroll|E. Jean Carroll]] wakamupa mulandu Trump kuti wakamuchitira chiheni cha kugonana mu m'ma 1990, ndipo [[E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump|wakamuphalira mulandu wa kumunangira zina]] chifukwa cha kukana kwake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ransom |first=Jan |date=November 4, 2019 |title=E. Jean Carroll, Who Accused Trump of Rape, Sues Him for Defamation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/04/nyregion/jean-carroll-sues-trump.html |access-date=January 24, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Carroll wakamuphaliraso mulandu mu 2022 pa mulandu wa [[Battery (crime)|battery]] kweniso kunangira zina.<ref>{{cite news |last=Weiser |first=Benjamin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Writer Who Accused Trump of Rape to File New Defamation Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/nyregion/donald-trump-jean-carroll-lawsuit.html |access-date=January 24, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu wa kuchitira munthu nkhaza za kugonana na kunangira zina, ndipo likamulamura kulipira ndalama zakukwana $5 miliyoni pa mulandu umoza<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Becky |last2=Bernstein |first2=Andrea |last3=Marritz |first3=Ilya |last4=Lawrence |first4=Quil |date=May 9, 2023 |title=A jury finds Trump liable for battery and defamation in E. Jean Carroll trial |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/05/09/1174975870/trump-carroll-verdict |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> na $83.3 miliyoni pa unyake.<ref name="uphold">{{cite news |last=Offenhartz |first=Jake |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-appeal-award-d587004df6f7c46ec4a17b563a38bfa9 |title=Appeals court upholds E. Jean Carroll's $83.3M defamation judgment against Trump |work=[[AP News]] |date=September 8, 2025 |access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> Makhoti ghapachanya gha apilu ghakakhozga vyeruzgo vyose na ndalama izi mu Disembala 2024 na Seputembala 2025, mwakulondezgana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Neumeister |first1=Larry |last2=Sisak |first2=Michael R. |date=December 30, 2024 |title=An appeals court upholds a $5 million award in a sexual abuse verdict against President-elect Trump |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-lawsuit-defamation-trial-78e4196024539653a6de492312770ff2 |access-date=December 31, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref name="uphold"/> Khoti Likuru la United States likakana pempho la Trump la kupempha apilu pa mulandu wakwamba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Supreme Court rejects Trump’s push to toss $5 million verdict in E. Jean Carroll sexual abuse case |last=Whitehurst |first=Lindsay |date=June 29, 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-supreme-court-e-jean-carroll-sexual-abuse-1a50d1e9e1d12898e78e0803c4627771 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=June 29, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2022, [[New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization|boma la New York likamuphalira mulandu wa boma]] Trump, likamupa mulandu wakuti wakasazgiranga mtengo wa Trump Organization kuti wasange chandulo kwa ŵakukongozga ndalama na mabanki.<ref>{{cite news |last=Scannell |first=Kara |date=September 21, 2022 |title=New York attorney general files civil fraud lawsuit against Trump, some of his children and his business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/21/politics/trump-new-york-attorney-general-letitia-james-fraud-lawsuit/index.html |access-date=September 21, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref name="TF">{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |date=February 17, 2024 |title=Trump Fraud Trial Penalty Will Exceed $450 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/16/nyregion/trump-civil-fraud-trial-ruling.html |access-date=February 17, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu ndipo likamulamura kulipira pafupifupi $355 miliyoni kweniso chiwongoladzanja.<ref name="TF" /> Mu Ogasiti 2025, khoti la apilu likakhozga kuti wali na mulandu na chilango chinyake chambura ndalama, kweni likafumyapo chilango cha ndalama chifukwa chikawonekanga kuti ntchakujumphizga.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/nyregion/trump-fraud-james.html |title=Divided Court Eliminates Trump's Half-Billion-Dollar Fine in Fraud Case |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 21, 2025 |access-date=August 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chifukwa cha ivyo Trump wakachita pakukhumba kusintha ivyo vikafuma mu chisola cha 2020 na kutorana kwake chigaŵa pa kuwukira kwa Januwale&nbsp;6, mu Disembala 2022 [[United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack|komiti yapadera ya Nyumba ya Wimiliri ya United States pa kuwukira uku]] yikapempha kuti wapike milandu ya uheni yakusazgapo [[obstructing an official proceeding|kunanga ntchito ya ndondomeko ya boma]], kukhuŵilizga panji kovwira kuwukira boma, kweniso [[conspiracy to defraud the United States|kupangana kuchitira chinyengo United States]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 19, 2022 |title=It's Unclear Whether the Justice Dept. Will Take Up the Jan. 6 Panel's Charges |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/19/us/politics/jan-6-trump-justice-dept.html |access-date=March 25, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Ogasiti 2023, gulu la ŵeruzgi ŵa ku [[Fulton County, Georgia|Fulton County, Georgia]] likamupa milandu 13, kusazgapo [[Georgia election racketeering prosecution|racketeering]], chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwake kunanga ivyo vikafuma mu chisola cha 2020 mu boma ili.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowell |first1=Hugo |last2=Wicker |first2=Jewel |date=August 15, 2023 |title=Donald Trump and allies indicted in Georgia over bid to reverse 2020 election loss |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/14/donald-trump-georgia-indictment-2020-election |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Drenon |first=Brandon |date=August 25, 2023 |title=What are the charges in Trump's Georgia indictment? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66503668 |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Mulandu uwu ukafumiskika mu Novembala 2025 pamanyuma pakuti mulembi muphya wa milandu wakakana kulutilira nawo.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fausset |first1=Richard |last2=Hakim |first2=Danny |title=Judge Dismisses Georgia Election Interference Case Against Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/26/us/trump-georgia-election-racketeering.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 26, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> == Pakati pa maulamuliro gha pulezidenti (2021–2025) == Wakati wafumanga mu White House, Trump wakamba kukhala ku Mar-a-Lago, ndipo wakakhazikiska ofesi kwenekura nga umo vikuperekekera na [[Former Presidents Act|Dango la Ŵapulezidenti Ŵakale]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Jan |date=January 27, 2021 |title=Explainer: Why Trump's post-presidency perks, like a pension and office, are safe for the rest of his life |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment-benefits-explai-idUSKBN29W238 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ivyo wakalutilira kuyowoya mwautesi pa [[Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election|visola vya pulezidenti vya 2020 ivyo wakati vikabiwa]] vikachemekanga kanandi kuti "[[Big lie|utesi ukuru]]" na awo ŵakamususkanga, nangauli mu Meyi 2021, iyo na ŵanandi mwa ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito zina ili pakung'anamura chisola cheneko.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Solender |first=Andrew |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Trump Says He'll Appropriate 'The Big Lie' To Refer To His Election Loss |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2021/05/03/trump-says-hell-appropriate-the-big-lie-to-refer-to-his-election-loss/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="key2">{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=May 19, 2021 |title=The 5 key elements of Trump's Big Lie and how it came to be |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/19/politics/donald-trump-big-lie-explainer/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Chipani cha Republican chikagwiliskira ntchito mazgu ghake ghautesi pa chisola kuti chilongosore [[Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 United States presidential election|kuŵikapo mphaka ziphya pa kuvota]] kuti viŵawovwire.<ref>{{cite news |last=Balz |first=Dan |author-link=Dan Balz |date=May 29, 2021 |title=The GOP push to revisit 2020 has worrisome implications for future elections |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-big-lie-elections-impact/2021/05/29/d7992fa2-c07d-11eb-b26e-53663e6be6ff_story.html |access-date=June 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Izaguirre |first1=Anthony |last2=Coronado |first2=Acacia |date=January 31, 2021 |title=GOP lawmakers seek tougher voting rules after record turnout |url=https://apnews.com/article/bills-voting-rights-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-voter-registration-0e94844d72d2a2bf8b51b1c950bd64fc |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=McCaskill |first=Nolan D. |date=March 15, 2021 |title=After Trump's loss and false fraud claims, GOP eyes voter restrictions across nation |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/15/voting-restrictions-states-475732 |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kukakamizga ŵimiliri ŵa maboma kuti ŵawuske vyakufuma mu chisola.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bender |first1=Michael C. |author-link1=Michael C. Bender |last2=Epstein |first2=Reid J. |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Trump Recently Urged a Powerful Legislator to Overturn His 2020 Defeat in Wisconsin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/us/politics/trump-wisconsin-election-call.html |access-date=August 13, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kupambana na ŵapulezidenti ŵakale ŵanyake, Trump wakalutilira kulamulira chipani chake; mbiri iyo yikafuma mu ''The New York Times'' mu 2022 yikamulongosora nga ni [[party boss|mulongozgi mukuru wa chipani]] wa mazuŵa ghano.<ref name="PB2">{{cite news |last=Goldmacher |first=Shane |date=April 17, 2022 |title=Mar-a-Lago Machine: Trump as a Modern-Day Party Boss |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/17/us/politics/trump-mar-a-lago.html |access-date=July 31, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuwunganya ndalama, wakawunganya [[war chest|nkhokwe yikuru ya ndalama]] iyo yikaŵa yakuluska kaŵiri iyo ya Chipani cha Republican, ndipo wakasangaso phindu kufuma ku mawunganiro gha ndalama agho ŵanandi awo ŵakakhumbanga maudindo mwa Republican ŵakachitiranga ku Mar-a-Lago. Ghanandi mwa ntchito zake ghakaŵa pa ulongozgi wa chipani na kuŵika ŵanthu ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo mu maudindo ghakuzirwa.<ref name="PB2" /> Mu [[Visola vya pakati pa nyengo ya United States vya 2022|visola vya pakati pa nyengo vya 2022]], Trump wakapeleka chovwiri ku ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 200 awo ŵakakhumbanga maudindo ghakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paybarah |first=Azi |author-link=Azi Paybarah |date=August 2, 2022 |title=Where Trump's Endorsement Record Stands Halfway through Primary Season |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/02/us/politics/trump-endorsements-midterm-primary-election.html |access-date=August 3, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2022, kampani yake ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group]] (TMTG) yikamba malo ghakusangwaniska gha pa intaneti ghakucemeka [[Truth Social]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhuyian |first=Johana |date=February 21, 2022 |title=Donald Trump's social media app launches on Apple store |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/21/donald-trumps-social-media-app-truth-social-launches-on-apple-store |access-date=May 7, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2024, TMTG yikazgoka kampani ya pa msika wa masheya.<ref>{{cite news |last=Harwell |first=Drew |author-link=Drew Harwell |date=March 26, 2024 |title=Trump Media soars in first day of public tradings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/03/25/truth-social-trump-media-stock-market-billions/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango === {{see also|[[Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump|Nkhani za malango za Donald Trump pa umoyo wake na bizinesi]]|[[Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency|Nkhani za malango pa ulamuliro wakwamba wa Trump]]}} Mu 2019, mulembi wa nkhani [[E. Jean Carroll]] wakamupa mulandu Trump kuti wakamuchita chinyamusi mu m'ma 1990 ndipo [[E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump|wakamusumba chifukwa cha kumunangira zina]] pamanyuma pakuti wakakana ivyo wakamupa mulandu.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ransom |first=Jan |date=November 4, 2019 |title=E. Jean Carroll, Who Accused Trump of Rape, Sues Him for Defamation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/04/nyregion/jean-carroll-sues-trump.html |access-date=January 24, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Carroll wakamusumba so mu 2022 chifukwa cha [[Battery (crime)|kukhuŵazga munthu]] kweniso kumunangira zina.<ref>{{cite news |last=Weiser |first=Benjamin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Writer Who Accused Trump of Rape to File New Defamation Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/nyregion/donald-trump-jean-carroll-lawsuit.html |access-date=January 24, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu wa kuchita nkhaza za kugonana na kumunangira zina, ndipo likamulangura kulipira ndalama zakukwana $5 miliyoni pa mulandu umoza<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Becky |last2=Bernstein |first2=Andrea |last3=Marritz |first3=Ilya |last4=Lawrence |first4=Quil |date=May 9, 2023 |title=A jury finds Trump liable for battery and defamation in E. Jean Carroll trial |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/05/09/1174975870/trump-carroll-verdict |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> na $83.3 miliyoni pa unyake.<ref name="uphold">{{cite news |last=Offenhartz |first=Jake |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-appeal-award-d587004df6f7c46ec4a17b563a38bfa9 |title=Appeals court upholds E. Jean Carroll's $83.3M defamation judgment against Trump |work=[[AP News]] |date=September 8, 2025 |access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> Makhoti gha apilo gha boma ghakakhozga vyeruzgo vyose na ndalama izo mu Disembala 2024 na Seputembala 2025, mwakulondezgana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Neumeister |first1=Larry |last2=Sisak |first2=Michael R. |date=December 30, 2024 |title=An appeals court upholds a $5 million award in a sexual abuse verdict against President-elect Trump |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-lawsuit-defamation-trial-78e4196024539653a6de492312770ff2 |access-date=December 31, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref name="uphold"/> Khoti Likuru la United States likakana apilo la Trump pa mulandu wakwamba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Supreme Court rejects Trump’s push to toss $5 million verdict in E. Jean Carroll sexual abuse case |last=Whitehurst |first=Lindsay |date=June 29, 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-supreme-court-e-jean-carroll-sexual-abuse-1a50d1e9e1d12898e78e0803c4627771 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=June 29, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2022, [[New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization|boma la New York likamusumba pa mulandu wa boma]] Trump, likamupa mulandu wakuti wakakwezga mwakuteska mtengo wa Trump Organization kuti wasange chandulo kwa ŵakubwerekeska ndalama na mabanki.<ref>{{cite news |last=Scannell |first=Kara |date=September 21, 2022 |title=New York attorney general files civil fraud lawsuit against Trump, some of his children and his business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/21/politics/trump-new-york-attorney-general-letitia-james-fraud-lawsuit/index.html |access-date=September 21, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref name="TF">{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |date=February 17, 2024 |title=Trump Fraud Trial Penalty Will Exceed $450 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/16/nyregion/trump-civil-fraud-trial-ruling.html |access-date=February 17, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu ndipo likamulangura kulipira pafupifupi $355 miliyoni pamoza na chiwongoladzanja.<ref name="TF" /> Mu Ogasiti 2025, khoti la apilo likakhozga mulandu wake na vilango vinyake vyambura ndalama, kweni likafumiskapo chilango cha ndalama chifukwa chikawoneka kuti chikaŵa chikuru chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/nyregion/trump-fraud-james.html |title=Divided Court Eliminates Trump's Half-Billion-Dollar Fine in Fraud Case |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 21, 2025 |access-date=August 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwa Trump kuwuska vyakufuma mu visola vya 2020 na umo wakachitikirapo pa kuwukira kwa January&nbsp;6, mu Disembala 2022 [[United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack|komiti ya Nyumba ya Ŵimiliri ya United States pa kuwukira kwa January 6]] yikapempha kuti wapikike milandu ya [[obstructing an official proceeding|kunanga ntchito ya boma]], kukhozga panji kovwira kuwukira boma, na [[conspiracy to defraud the United States|kupangana kuti wabere United States]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 19, 2022 |title=It's Unclear Whether the Justice Dept. Will Take Up the Jan. 6 Panel's Charges |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/19/us/politics/jan-6-trump-justice-dept.html |access-date=March 25, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Ogasiti 2023, jury likuru ku [[Fulton County, Georgia]] likamupa milandu 13, kusazgapo [[Georgia election racketeering prosecution|racketeering]], chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwake kunanga visola vya 2020 mu boma ili.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowell |first1=Hugo |last2=Wicker |first2=Jewel |date=August 15, 2023 |title=Donald Trump and allies indicted in Georgia over bid to reverse 2020 election loss |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/14/donald-trump-georgia-indictment-2020-election |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Drenon |first=Brandon |date=August 25, 2023 |title=What are the charges in Trump's Georgia indictment? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66503668 |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Mulandu uwu ukalekeka mu Novembala 2025 pamanyuma pakuti mupharazgi muphya wa boma wakakana kulondezga milandu iyi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fausset |first1=Richard |last2=Hakim |first2=Danny |title=Judge Dismisses Georgia Election Interference Case Against Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/26/us/trump-georgia-election-racketeering.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 26, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu ghake, agho ghakachemanga ŵalwani ŵake ŵandale kuti "murwani", viyuni vyakofya, kweniso ŵafasisti, ghakalongosoreka na ŵanyake ŵakulemba mbiri na ŵasambiri kuti ghakaŵa gha ulamuliro wa nkhongono, gha [[Donald Trump and fascism|ufasisti]],<ref> * {{cite news |title=Trump campaign defends "vermin" speech amid fascist comparisons |url=https://www.axios.com/2023/11/13/trump-vermin-fascist-language-speech |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |date=November 13, 2023 |last=Basu |first=Zachary |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |last=Browning |first=Christopher R. |date=July 25, 2023 |title=A New Kind of Fascism |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/07/trump-second-term-isolationist-fascism/674791/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |title=Trump compares political opponents to 'vermin' who he will 'root out', alarming historians |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-compares-political-opponents-vermin-root-alarming-historians/story?id=104847748 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=November 13, 2023 |last1=Kim |first1=Soo Rin |last2=Ibssa |first2=Lalee |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |last=Ward |first=Myah |date=October 12, 2024 |title=We watched 20 Trump rallies. His racist, anti-immigrant messaging is getting darker. |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/12/trump-racist-rhetoric-immigrants-00183537 |access-date=October 12, 2024}} </ref> ndipo ghakaŵa ghakupambana na chilichose icho munthu wakupenja udindo wa ndale wali kuyowoyapo kale mu mbiri ya United States.<ref name="NYMag Never Sounded Like This">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/27/magazine/trump-rallies-rhetoric.html |title=Donald Trump Has Never Sounded Like This |work=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |date=April 27, 2024 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |last1=Homans |first1=Charles |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Lerer 10152024" /><ref name="Applebaum18">{{cite news |last=Applebaum |first=Anne |author-link=Anne Applebaum |date=October 18, 2024 |title=Trump Is Speaking Like Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini |work=[[The Atlantic]] |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2024/10/trump-authoritarian-rhetoric-hitler-mussolini/680296/ |access-date=October 18, 2024}}</ref> [[Age and health concerns about Donald Trump|Nkhawa pa vya msinkhu na umoyo wa Trump]] nazo zikawonekanga pa nyengo ya kampeni, apo ŵadokotala ŵanandi ŵakalongora kuti wakaŵa kwamba kuyowoya mwambura kulongosoka makora, [[tangential speech|kuyowoya kupatuka pa nkhani]], na [[Disinhibition|kuleka kujikora pa nkharo]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Freedman |first2=Dylan |date=October 6, 2024 |title=Trump's Speeches, Increasingly Angry and Rambling, Reignite the Question of Age |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/06/us/politics/trump-speeches-age-cognitive-decline.html |access-date=November 6, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakayowoya mazgu ghakuti "chisola chakunangiska" na "kunjilirapo pa chisola" nyengo zzinandi kweniso mwaluŵiro mu kampeni ya 2024 kuluska umo wakachitira mu makampeni gha 2016 na 2020.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lane |first1=Nathan |last2=Ulmer |first2=Alexandra |date=May 16, 2024 |title=Trump, allies are laying the groundwork to contest potential election loss |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-allies-are-laying-groundwork-contest-potential-election-loss-2024-05-16/ |access-date=September 12, 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="NYTDoubts">{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Smart |first2=Charlie |date=May 24, 2024 |title=Trump's Pattern of Sowing Election Doubt Intensifies in 2024 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/05/24/us/politics/trump-election-results-doubt.html |access-date=August 30, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa Julayi&nbsp;13, 2024, Trump wakapwetekeka pa khutu na chipolopolo pa [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania|kuyezga kumukoma]] pa ungano wa kampeni ku [[Butler Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania|Butler Township, Pennsylvania]].<ref name="Browne-2024">{{cite news |last1=Browne |first1=Malachy |last2=Lum |first2=Devon |last3=Cardia |first3=Alexander |date=July 26, 2024 |title=Speculation Swirls About What Hit Trump. An Analysis Suggests It was a Bullet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/26/us/politics/trump-shooter-bullet-trajectory-ear.html |access-date=July 29, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hutchinson |first1=Bill |last2=Cohen |first2=Miles |date=July 16, 2024 |title=Gunman opened fire at Trump rally as witnesses say they tried to alert police |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/witnesses-trump-assassination-attempt-gunman-roof-shooting/story?id=111947616 |access-date=July 17, 2024 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=July 14, 2024 |title=AP Photos: Shooting at Trump rally in Pennsylvania |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-rally-shooting-photo-gallery-561478b3f90c950c741eeaa24c6dc159 |access-date=July 23, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Mazuŵa ghaŵiri ghakati ghajumphapo, [[2024 Republican National Convention|2024 Republican National Convention]] yikamusankha kuŵa wakwimira chipani pa chisola cha pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last=Astor |first=Maggie |date=July 15, 2024 |title=What to Know About J.D. Vance, Trump's Running Mate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/who-is-jd-vance-trump-vp.html |access-date=July 15, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Seputembala, wakasangikaso pa [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Florida|kuyezga kunyake kumukoma]] ku Florida, kweni wakapwetekeka yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Debusmann |first1=Bernd Jr |last2=Yousif |first2=Nadine |date=September 23, 2024 |title=Suspect described Trump 'assassination attempt' in pre-written note |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c89ly20vvgvo |access-date=November 21, 2024 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Trump wakathereska chisola mu Novembala 2024 na mavoti 312 gha Electoral College kuluska 226 gha vice president uyo wakaŵapo, Kamala Harris.<ref>{{cite news |title=2024 Presidential Election Results |url=https://apnews.com/projects/election-results-2024/ |date=November 25, 2024 |access-date=November 25, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Wakasangaso mavoti ghanandi gha ŵanthu wose na 49.8% apo Harris wakasanga 48.3%.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/resources/cms-content/documents/2024presgeresults.pdf |title=2024 Presidential Election Results |publisher=[[Federal Election Commission]] |date=January 16, 2025 |access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref> Kuthereska kwake mu 2024 kukachitika chomene chifukwa cha [[2021–2023 inflation surge|kukwera kwa mitengo pakati pa 2021 na 2023]].<ref name="Global Politics">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/global-politics-conservative-right-shift-ea0e8d05 |title=The Progressive Moment in Global Politics is Over |date=December 27, 2024 |access-date=December 27, 2024 |first1=Bertrand |last1=Benoit |first2=David |last2=Luhnow |first3=Vipal |last3=Monga |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Burn-Murdoch |first=John |date=December 29, 2024 |title=What the 'year of democracy' taught us, in 6 charts |url=https://www.ft.com/content/350ba985-bb07-4aa3-aa5e-38eda7c525dd |access-date=December 30, 2024 |work=[[Financial Times]] |quote=The billions who voted in 2024 sent an angry message to incumbents, and warmed to populists on left and right}}</ref> Mabungwe ghanandi gha nkhani ghakalongosora kuti kuweleraso kwake pa udindo uwu kukaŵa kwakuziziswa chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sheerin |first1=Jude |last2=Murphy |first2=Matt |date=November 6, 2024 |title=Trump pulls off historic White House comeback |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62l5zdv7zko |access-date=November 9, 2024 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Zeke |author-link1=Zeke Miller |last2=Price |first2=Michelle L. |last3=Weissert |first3=Will |last4=Colvin |first4=Jill |date=November 6, 2024 |title=Trump wins the White House in political comeback rooted in appeals to frustrated voters |url=https://apnews.com/article/election-day-trump-harris-white-house-83c8e246ab97f5b97be45cdc156af4e2 |access-date=November 9, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> == Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri (2025–sono) == {{main|[[Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri wa Donald Trump|Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri wa Donald Trump]]}} {{for timeline|[[Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies#Second presidency (2025–present)|Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies#Second presidency (2025–present)]]}} [[File:Donald Trump takes the oath of office (2025) (alternate).jpg|thumb|Wakulapa [[Oath of office of the President of the United States|chilapo cha pulezidenti]], chakulongozgeka na Chief Justice [[John Roberts]], pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2025]] Trump wakamba nyengo yake yachiŵiri pa [[Second inauguration of Donald Trump|kuŵikika kwake pa udindo]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2025.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morgan |first1=David |last2=Borter |first2=Gabriella |last3=Mason |first3=Jeff |last4=Ax |first4=Joseph |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Trump sworn in a second time, says he was 'saved by God' to rescue America |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/triumphant-trump-returns-white-house-launching-new-era-upheaval-2025-01-20/ |access-date=January 20, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakazgoka [[List of presidents of the United States by age|pulezidenti muchekuru chomene uyo wali kunjira pa udindo]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Hussein |first=Mohamed H. |date=January 20, 2025 |title=How does Trump's age at inauguration compare with other presidents? |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/1/20/how-does-trumps-age-at-inauguration-compare-to-other-presidents |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> pulezidenti wakwamba kusangika na mulandu wa felony, kweniso munthu wachiŵiri kuteŵetera nyengo ziŵiri zakupatukana nga ni pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ogwude |first1=Haadiza |last2=Page |first2=Susan |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Is Donald Trump the oldest president sworn into office? A look at his historic feats |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2025/01/20/who-is-the-oldest-president-to-be-sworn-in-donald-trump/77776042007/ |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakasora ŵanandi awo ŵakalemba Project 2025 kuti ŵaŵe mu boma lake lachiŵiri;<ref>{{cite news |last1=Alfonseca |first1=Kiara |last2=Faulders |first2=Katherine |title=How Trump has infused parts of Project 2025 into his administration |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-project-2025-administration/story?id=116019369 |access-date=February 4, 2025 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=December 9, 2024}}</ref> pamanyuma pa chaka chakwamba cha nyengo yake yachiŵiri, pafupifupi hafu ya ndondomeko za pulojekiti iyi zikagwiriskirika ntchito.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ordoñez |first=Franco |url=https://www.npr.org/2026/01/19/nx-s1-5640006/trump-has-rolled-out-many-of-the-project-2025-policies-he-once-claimed-ignorance-about |title=Trump has rolled out many of the Project 2025 policies he once claimed ignorance about |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 19, 2026 |access-date=April 11, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Wendling |first=Mike |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yvvjw8pdvo |title=From Venezuela to immigration crackdown, Project 2025 provided Trump's roadmap |work=[[BBC News]] |date=February 26, 2026 |access-date=April 11, 2026}}</ref> Pakulongosora mphindano zake na mazaza gha makhoti, ''The New York Times'' yikati kuyezga kwake kusazgirako nkhongono za pulezidenti ni chimanyikwiro chikuru cha nyengo yake yachiŵiri.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/20/us/politics/trump-power-courts-crisis.html |title=How Trump Is Trying to Consolidate Power Over Courts, Congress and More |first1=Erica L. |last1=Green |first2=Zolan |last2=Kanno-Youngs |author-link2=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |first3=Maggie |last3=Haberman |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 20, 2025 |access-date=March 20, 2025 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Nyengo yachiŵiri ya Trump yikaŵa na kupharazga ndondomeko zakupambanapambana, kuchedweskeka, kweniso kusintha ivyo vikachitika, ndipo vikapangiska kuti lizgu lakuti "[[Trump Always Chickens Out|TACO]]" liyambe kugwiriskirika ntchito pakulongosora umo wakachitiranga.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/chaos-confusion-reversals-trump-second-term-rcna200649 |title=Chaos, confusion and reversals: The story of Trump's second term so far |first=Peter |last=Nicholas |date=April 14, 2025 |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=April 25, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Kinsey |date=January 22, 2026 |title=Trump's Greenland deal has some saying TACO again. What does it mean? |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2026/01/22/donald-trump-taco-greenland-davos-deal/88298149007/ |access-date=April 25, 2026}}</ref> === Ivyo wakachita pakwamba === {{see also|First 100 days of the second Trump presidency}} Pambere pajumphapo mwezi umoza kufika pa mazuŵa 100 gha nyengo yachiŵiri ya Trump, wakaŵa kuti [[List of executive orders in the second Trump presidency|wasaina ma executive order ghanandi]] kuluska pulezidenti waliyose wa United States mu mazuŵa ghakwamba 100 gha ulamuliro wake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doan |first1=Laura |last2=Ingram |first2=Julia |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-issues-record-100-executive-order-of-second-term-breakdown/ |title=Trump issues record 100th executive order within first 100 days of term. Here's a breakdown. |work=[[CBS News]] |date=March 26, 2025 |access-date=November 8, 2025}}</ref> Kufika pakati pa Janyuwale 2026, ma order na vyakuchita vyake vikakwimikana na milandu yakujumpha 550 mu makhoti mu charu chose. Pa milandu iyi, awo ŵakamusumanga ŵakapunda pa milandu 195, boma likapunda pa milandu 109, milandu 16 yikaŵa na vyeruzgo vyakupambana, milandu 228 yikaŵa yindamalizgike, ndipo milandu 25 yikajalika.<ref>{{cite web |date=January 12, 2026 |title=Litigation Tracker: Legal Challenges to Trump Administration Actions |url=https://www.justsecurity.org/107087/tracker-litigation-legal-challenges-trump-administration/ |access-date=January 13, 2026 |website=[[Just Security]]}}</ref> Ŵeruzgi awo ŵakasankhika na ma Republican na ma Democrat wose ŵakasanga kuti ndondomeko zinandi za boma la Trump zikaŵa na ubudi wa malango gha Dango Likuru na malango ghanyake gha boma.<ref>Multiple sources: * {{cite news |last1=Parker |first1=Ned |last2=Spector |first2=Mike |last3=Eisler |first3=Peter |last4=So |first4=Linda |last5=Raymond |first5=Nate |title=These judges ruled against Trump. Then their families came under attack. |url=https://www.reuters.com/investigations/these-judges-ruled-against-trump-then-their-families-came-under-attack-2025-05-02/ |access-date=August 9, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=May 2, 2025}} * {{cite news |last1=Blake |first1=Aaron |title=It's not just 'leftist' judges. GOP appointees have many sharp words for Trump. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/04/24/republican-judges-oppose-trump/ |access-date=August 9, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=April 24, 2025}} * {{cite news |author=The Editorial Board |title= 'Egregious'. 'Brazen'. 'Lawless'. How 48 Judges Describe Trump's Actions, in Their Own Words |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/07/12/opinion/editorials/federal-judges-quotes-trump-administration.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 9, 2025 |access-date=August 9, 2025}}</ref> Pamanyuma pakuti watondeka pa milandu yinandi ya makhoti, Trump wakasazgirako kususka kwake vyeruzgi ndipo wakachema kuti ŵeruzgi ŵa boma awo ŵakeruzga vyakususkana nayo ŵafumiskike pa maudindo ghawo mwa impeachment.<ref>{{cite news |last=Riccardi |first=Nicholas |date=March 16, 2025 |title=Trump administration ramps up rhetoric targeting the courts amid mounting legal setbacks |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-courts-judges-rule-of-law-85058a5ffcef105d4ea2ce0ef078f084 |access-date=March 20, 2025}}</ref> Kufika pakati pa Julayi 2025, kuwunika kwa ''[[Washington Post]]'' kukasanganga kuti wakakananga kupulikira ŵeruzgi na makhoti pa pafupifupi chigaŵa chimoza pa vitatu vya milandu yose iyo yikamukhwaskanga, ivyo ŵakumanya vya malango ŵakavichema kuti ni vyambura kuchitikapo kale pa boma lililose la pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last=Jouvenal |first=Justin |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Trump officials accused of defying 1 in 3 judges who ruled against him |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/07/21/trump-court-orders-defy-noncompliance-marshals-judges/ |url-access=limited |access-date=August 1, 2025}}</ref> Boma lake likati lili na wanangwa wa mu Dango Likuru wakuleka kulondezga malango gha boma pakulongosora vinyake ivyo likachitanga, nga nkhuleka kulondezga [[Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act|dango la boma lakukanizga TikTok]], apo ŵakumanya vya malango ŵakati ichi chikung'anamura kuti likujipa "nkhongono ya mu Dango Likuru yakupa wanangwa makampani panji ŵanthu kuchita vinthu vyambura kuzomerezgeka na dango kwambura kulangika".<ref>{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=July 3, 2025 |title=Trump Claims Sweeping Power to Nullify Laws, Letters on TikTok Ban Show |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/03/us/politics/trump-bondi-tiktok-executive-power.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=August 23, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode |last=Lucas |first=Ryan |date=March 19, 2025 |title=Experts say Trump's targeting of law firms is unprecedented |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/03/19/nx-s1-5323890/experts-say-trumps-targeting-of-law-firms-is-unprecedented |series=[[All Things Considered]] |work=[[NPR News]] |access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Scarcella |first1=Mike |last2=Merken |first2=Sara |last3=Sloan |first3=Karen |date=March 21, 2025 |title=Law firm Paul Weiss defends deal with Trump as lawyers sound alarm |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/trumps-deal-with-law-firm-paul-weiss-sparks-alarm-among-lawyers-2025-03-21/ |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=April 13, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === [[Kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha (2025–sono)|Kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha (2025–sono)]] === {{further|[[Second presidency of Donald Trump#Ethics|Second presidency of Donald Trump]]|[[Cryptocurrency in the second Trump presidency]]}} Nyengo yachiŵiri ya ulamuliro wa Trump yikulongosoreka kuti yikaŵa na vigeŵenga vichoko vyakuvikilira ku kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha kuluska nyengo yake yakwamba,<ref name="Yourish 2025">{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Lipton |first2=Eric |author-link2=Eric Lipton |last3=Gamio |first3=Lazaro |date=January 17, 2025 |title=An Illustrated Guide to Trump's Conflict of Interest Risks |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/01/17/us/politics/trump-conflicts-of-interest.html |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Schouten 2025">{{cite news |last=Schouten |first=Fredreka |date=January 8, 2025 |title=Gold-plated watches and electoral map sneakers: Trump's newest merchandise raises conflict of interest questions |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/08/politics/trump-conflicts-of-interest-second-term/index.html |access-date=January 18, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> kuswa miyambo ya nkharo yiwemi iyo yikakhala kwa vyaka vinandi,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lipton |first1=Eric |author-link1=Eric Lipton |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=February 17, 2025 |title=With Congress Pliant, an Emboldened Trump Pushes His Business Interests |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/17/us/politics/trump-ethics-conflicts-business-adams.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo yikapangiska ŵanthu ŵanandi kufipa mtima na katangale.<ref name="Savage 05122025">{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=May 12, 2025 |title=Trump's Plan to Take Jet From Qatar Heightens Corruption Concerns |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/12/us/trump-qatar-jet-plane.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 18, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Stringer |first1=Connor |last2=Lawford |first2=Melissa |date=May 18, 2025 |title='It's open season for corruption': How Trump turned the White House into a cash cow |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2025/05/18/trump-turned-white-house-cash-machine/ |access-date=May 18, 2025 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuŵa na kampani ya pa msika wa masheya ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group]], ndipo wakayisazgirapo ntchito za ndalama.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump Media launches FinTech services brand amid crypto boom |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/trump-media-launches-fintech-services-brand-2025-01-29/ |date=January 29, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakapenja mapangano ghaphya gha malo gha nyumba mu vyaru vinyake agho ghakakhwaskanga mabungwe agho ghakaŵa pamoza na maboma, ndipo wakaŵaso na mapangano ghanandi gha branding na licensing gha kuguliska vinthu vya mtundu wa Trump.<ref name="Yourish 2025"/> Wakasanganga ndalama kufuma ku vyakuchitika pa mahotelo ghake na pa malo ghake ghakuseŵerako gofu, ndipo wakaŵika yayi usambazi wake mu ''blind trust'', nga umo mapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵakachitiranga.<ref name="Schouten 1232025">{{cite news |last=Schouten |first=Fredreka |date=January 23, 2025 |title='The gloves are off': Trump appears poised to cash in from his presidency in new ways |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/23/politics/ethics-business-trump-presidency/index.html}}</ref> Wakachita malonda gha masheya ghanandi chomene mu makampani agho ghakaŵa na malonda ghanandi na boma la federal, ghakukwana mazana ghanandi gha mamiliyoni gha madola mu malonda ghakujumpha masauzandi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Becket |first1=Stefan |last2=Manthey |first2=Grace |last3=Ingram |first3=Julia |date=June 15, 2026 |title=Explore Trump's 3,600 stock trades from the first 3 months of 2026 |work=[[CBS News]] |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/projects/2026/trump-stock-trades/}}</ref> Trump wakambiska, wakalimbikiska, ndipo wakapindulanga yekha na [[The Trump Organization#Other ventures and investments|ma token ghaŵiri gha cryptocurrency]] ("[[meme coin]]"), [[$Trump]] na $Melania.<ref name="Weissert 1222025">{{cite news |last=Weissert |first=Will |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Trump has canceled Biden's ethics rules. Critics call it the opposite of 'drain the swamp' |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-revokes-ethics-rules-drain-swamp-b8e3ba0f98c9c60af11a8e70cbc902bd |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Suderman |first=Alan |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-crypto-meme-coin-token-75bf67ef9e6e54bf455f2f9f03470be3 |title=Trump promotes new meme coin before taking office on pro-crypto agenda |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 19, 2025 |access-date=May 10, 2025}}</ref> Wakapindulaso na kampani ya cryptocurrency ya mbumba yake ya [[World Liberty Financial]], iyo yikasazga pamoza bizinesi ya munthu yekha na ndondomeko za boma mu nthowa yambura kuchitikapo kale.<ref name="Lipton 04292025">{{cite news |last1=Lipton |first1=Eric |author-link1=Eric Lipton |last2=Yaffe-Ballany |first2=David |last3=Protess |first3=Ben |date=April 29, 2025 |title=Secret Deals, Foreign Investments, Presidential Policy Changes: The Rise of Trump's Crypto Firm |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/29/us/politics/trump-crypto-world-liberty-financial.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kufika mu Juni 2026, kuwunika kwa Reuters kukati Trump na mbumba yake ŵakasanga ndalama zakukwana US$2.3 biliyoni kufuma ku mabizinesi ghawo gha crypto, apo ŵakuguliska ŵanyake ŵakataya ndalama zakuyana waka na izi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bergin |first1=Tom |last2=Conlin |first2=Michelle |last3=Qing |first3=Koh Gui |last4=Wilson |first4=Tom |date=June 9, 2026 |title=Under the Trump crypto playbook, the family always wins. Investors don't |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/investigations/under-trump-crypto-playbook-family-always-wins-investors-dont-2026-06-09/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Sayansi ==== {{main|2025 United States federal government grant pause}} Trump wakalekeska na kulekeska ndalama za boma (federal grants) ndipo wakachepeska chomene ndalama zakovwira kafukufuku wa sayansi,<ref>{{cite news |last=Casselman |first=Ben |author-link=Ben Casselman |date=March 31, 2025 |title=Trump's Science Policies Pose Long-Term Risk, Economists Warn |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/31/business/economy/trump-research-cutbacks-economy.html |url-access=limited |access-date=April 3, 2025}}</ref> ndipo ŵeruzgi na [[Government Accountability Office]] ŵakasanga kuti vinyake mwa ivyo wakachita vikaŵa vyakususka dango ndiposo vyakususka Dango Likuru la United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Waldman |first=Annie |date=June 17, 2025 |title=Federal Judge Deems Trump Administration's Termination of NIH Grants Illegal |work=[[ProPublica]] |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-nih-grant-terminations-illegal |access-date=August 16, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Fischler |first=Jacob |date=August 7, 2025 |title=Trump illegally froze 1,800 NIH medical research grants, Congress' watchdog says |work=[[Government Executive]] |url=https://www.govexec.com/oversight/2025/08/trump-illegally-froze-1800-nih-medical-research-grants-congress-watchdog-says/407296/ |access-date=January 24, 2026}}</ref> Trump pamoza na ndondomeko ya boma lake ya [[Make America Healthy Again]] ŵakakhozga maghanoghano ghakususkana na sayansi ([[anti-science]]) kweniso kampeni zakususka katemera ([[anti-vaccine activism]]), ivyo vikapangiska kuti matenda nga whooping cough na measles ghaleke kuchepa ndipo ghambe kusazgikaso.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Michelle R. |last2=Ungar |first2=Laura |date=October 21, 2025 |title=Anti-science bills hit statehouses, stripping away public health protections built over a century |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/vaccines-fluoride-kennedy-trump-science-antiscience-legislation-73af8e65f407331e8f31b2909812a004 |access-date=October 22, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sun |first1=Lena H. |last2=Diamond |first2=Dan |date=September 23, 2025 |title=Trump's escalating attacks on vaccines shock public health leaders |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2025/09/23/trump-vaccines-autism-mmr-schedule/ |access-date=October 22, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Vinthu vya vyakofya vya charu/ndondomeko ya umoyo ==== Trump wakagwiliskiranga ntchito kulengeza vyakofya vya charu (national emergencies) kuti walongore chifukwa cha kuchitira vinthu vinandi ndiposo kujumpha kuzomerezgeka na Congress panji kuwunikika na mabungwe ghakulaŵilira malango.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Smart |first2=Charlie |date=August 22, 2025 |title=How Trump Used 10 Emergency Declarations to Justify Hundreds of Actions |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/08/22/us/politics/trump-emergency-immigration-tariffs-crime.html |access-date=August 23, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mwachiyelezgero, wakalengeza kuti mu charu mukaŵa suzgo la vyamphamvu (national energy emergency), ivyo vikazomerezga kulekeska malango ghakovwira kusungilira chilengiwa, kulekelera malango ghakukhwaskana na kukumba mafuta gha fossil fuel, kweniso kuchepeska mapulojekiti gha magesi ghakufuma ku vyakuthupi vyakuweleraso (renewable energy).<ref>{{cite news |last=Elliott |first=Rebecca F. |title=Oil Companies Embrace Trump, but Not 'Drill, Baby, Drill' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/27/business/energy-environment/oil-trump-drill-baby-drill.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 27, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Brady |first=Jeff |title=Trump's energy emergency is a gift to fossil fuel firms. It's likely headed to court |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/01/22/nx-s1-5269717/trump-energy-emergency-climate |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 22, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref> Mu ulamuliro wake wakwamba, Trump wakafumiska United States mu [[Paris Agreement]] pa nkhani ya kusintha kwa nyengo. [[Presidency of Joe Biden|Joe Biden]] wakaweleramo mu phangano ili mu 2021, kweni Trump wakalifumiskaso charu ichi mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Daly |first1=Matthew |last2=Borenstein |first2=Seth |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Trump signs executive order directing US withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement — again |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-paris-agreement-climate-change-788907bb89fe307a964be757313cdfb0 |access-date=January 23, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> ==== Vinthu vya mu chikaya ==== Trump wakatimbanga masuzgo gha mu chikaya pa ndondomeko za [[diversity, equity, and inclusion]] (DEI) na maghanoghano gha [[Woke#United States|wokeness]].<ref name="Green250203">{{cite news |last=Green |first=Erica L. |date=February 3, 2025 |title=As Trump Attacks Diversity, a Racist Undercurrent Surfaces |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/03/us/politics/trump-diversity-racism.html |access-date=February 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pakuyaniska kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵamitundu yakupambanapambana na kuleka kumanya ntchito,<ref name="Green250203" /> wakawuskapo ndondomeko za boma la federal zakukhozga kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵamitundu yakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Erica L. |last2=Aleaziz |first2=Hamed |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Federal Workers Ordered to Report on Colleagues Over D.E.I. Crackdown |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/politics/trump-order-discrimination-federal-hiring.html |access-date=February 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hurley |first=Lawrence |date=February 3, 2025 |title=Under Trump, conservatives reignite a battle over race and the Constitution |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-conservatives-reignite-battle-race-constitution-rcna189842 |access-date=February 4, 2025}}</ref> Wakawopsyezgaso mabungwe gha chikhalidwe chifukwa cha nkhani za DEI,<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's changes to the Smithsonian are the latest in his takeover of the arts |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/03/29/nx-s1-5333720/trumps-changes-to-the-smithsonian-are-the-latest-in-his-takeover-of-the-arts |last1=Blair |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Simon |first2=Scott |author-link2=Scott Simon |date=March 29, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> kweniso mayunivesite 60 pa nkhani yakuti ghakalephera kulimbana na kususka Ŵayuda (antisemitism),<ref name="WSJed">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/anti-semitism-task-force-who-247c234e |title=The Little-Known Bureaucrats Tearing Through American Universities |last1=Whyte |first1=Liz Essley |last2=Belkin |first2=Douglas |last3=Randazzo |first3=Sara |date=April 14, 2025 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ndipo wakachichizga makampani gha maloya kuti ghazomerezgane na ndondomeko zake za ndale.<ref name="APfirms">{{cite news |last=Tucker |first=Eric |date=April 11, 2025 |title=Trump reaches deals with 5 law firms, allowing them to avoid prospect of punishing executive orders |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-law-firms-executive-order-fe8f38a61cf77c5bb6add1315f5f96f1 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Wakakanizga ŵanthu ŵa transgender kunjira mu ŵasilikari [[Persecution of transgender people under the second Trump administration|kwizira mu malango gha pulezidenti na vinthu vinyake]];<ref>{{cite news |last=Neff |first=Cy |title=US to begin immediate removal of up to 1,000 trans military members |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/may/08/trump-pentagon-trans-military-ban |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 9, 2025 |access-date=October 1, 2025}}</ref> wakachepeska panji kulekeska ndalama zakovwira munkhwala wakovwira kusintha thupi mwakukolerana na jenda (gender-affirming healthcare); wakasuska [[inclusive language]];<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Daniel |first2=Annie |last3=Datar |first3=Saurabh |last4=White |first4=Isaac |last5=Gamio |first5=Lazaro |title=These Words Are Disappearing in the New Trump Administration |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/03/07/us/trump-federal-agencies-websites-words-dei.html |access-date=September 10, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakakanizga vinthu vya kafukufuku na masambiro;<ref>{{cite news |last=Hansford |first=Amelia |date=August 27, 2025 |title=US government orders 46 states to destroy trans education materials |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2025/08/27/trans-education-us-state-directive/ |access-date=September 1, 2025 |work=[[PinkNews]]}}</ref> wakasuzga masukulu, mayunivesite na mabungwe gha chikhalidwe agho boma lake likati ghakukhozga icho likachemanga kuti "gender ideology";<ref name="npr-ideology">{{cite news |last=Kurtzleben |first=Danielle |date=February 7, 2025 |title=Trump's executive actions curbing transgender rights focus on 'gender ideology' |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/g-s1-46893/trump-anti-trans-rights-executive-action-gender-ideology-confusion |access-date=February 16, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> wakakanizga ŵaseŵera ŵa transgender kuchita maseŵero, ndipo wakalangura kuti mapasipoti gha United States ghasonyezgenge kugonana uko munthu wakababikira, m'malo mwa jenda ilo wakujimanyiska nalo.<ref>{{cite news |date=November 17, 2025 |last=Harmon |first=Amy |author-link=Amy Harmon |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=New Passport Rule Sends Blunt and Sweeping Message to Trans Americans |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/17/us/transgender-passports-supreme-court.html |access-date=November 19, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== One Big Beautiful Bill Act ==== {{main|One Big Beautiful Bill Act}} Mu Julayi 2025, Trump wakasaina dango la One Big Beautiful Bill Act kuti liŵe dango la boma. Dango ili likapangiska kuti kuchepeskeka kwa misonkho uko kukapelekeka mwanyengo yichoko waka mu [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act]] ya 2017 kuŵe kwamuyirayira, ndipo likasazgirapo vinyake vyakuchepeskera misonkho vyakukwana pafupifupi madola thiriliyoni 4.5, ivyo vikawovwira chomene ŵanthu ŵakusanga ndalama zinandi, apo ŵanthu ŵakusanga ndalama zichoko ŵakaghanaghanikanga kuti ŵataye madola 1,600 pa chaka. Dango ili likasazgirako ndalama za kuvikilira charu, kufumiska ŵanthu mu charu (deportations), kuzenga mpanda wa mphaka, kweniso ndondomeko ya Trump ya [[Golden Dome (missile defense system)|Golden Dome]] yakuvikilira charu ku ma missile. Likafumiskapo ndalama zakuwelera misonkho (tax credits) pa magesi ghakufuma ku mphepo na dazi kweniso kwa ŵanthu awo ŵakugura magalimoto gha magetsi. Dango ili likachepeskaso ndalama za [[Medicaid]] na [[Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program|SNAP]], ndipo likasazgirapo mphango zinyake zakuti munthu waŵe wakwenelera kupokera wovwiri, kweniso malipiro gha madola 35 pa mauteŵeti ghanyake gha Medicaid. Kuchepeska ndalama na mphango ziphya izi vikeneranga kwamba kugwira ntchito pamanyuma pa visola vya charu chose vya 2026. [[Congressional Budget Office]] yikaghanaghana kuti dango ili lisazgirenge ngongoli ya boma na madola thiriliyoni 3.4 kufika mu 2034, ŵanthu mamiliyoni 11.8 ŵataye wovwiri wa Medicaid, ndipo ŵanthu mamiliyoni 3 ŵalekenge kupokera wovwiri wa SNAP.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Freking |first1=Kevin |last2=Mascaro |first2=Lisa |url=https://apnews.com/article/what-is-republican-trump-tax-bill-f65be44e1050431a601320197322551b |title=What's in the tax and spending bill that Trump has signed into law |work=[[AP News]] |date=July 3, 2025 |access-date=July 12, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Romm |first1=Tony |last2=Duehren |first2=Andrew |last3=Sanger-Katz |first3=Margot |last4=Plumer |first4=Brad |last5=Wood |first5=Daniel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/02/us/politics/tax-cuts-benefit-cuts.html |title=Tax Cuts Now, Benefit Cuts Later: The Timeline in the Republican Megabill |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 2, 2025 |access-date=July 12, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Kusamukira mu charu (2025–sono) === {{main|Ndondomeko ya kusamukira mu charu ya boma lachiŵiri la Trump|Kufumiska ŵanthu mu charu mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} {{further|Mexico–United States border crisis#Second Trump administration (2025–present)|Mexico–United States border wall#Second Trump administration (2025–present)|Visa and deportation controversies in the second Trump administration}} Mu mazuŵa ghakwambilira gha ulamuliro wake, Trump wakalangura ŵantchito ŵa Border Patrol kuti ŵafumiskenge mwaluŵiro ŵanthu awo ŵakanjiranga mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka kwizira pa mphaka, ndipo wakaleka kugwiliskira ntchito pulogiramu ya [[CBP One]] iyo yikagwiliskirikanga ntchito pakunozga nyengo yakujumphira pa mphaka. Trump wakawelereskaso ndondomeko ya [[Remain in Mexico]], wakachema magulu gha ŵanthu ŵakuchita malonda gha munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo kuti ni magulu gha uchigeŵenga (terrorist groups), ndipo wakalangura kuti ntchito yakuzenga mpanda wa pa mphaka yiyambeso.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bustillo |first=Ximena |title=Trump signs sweeping actions on immigration and border security on Day 1 |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/01/20/g-s1-43650/trump-inauguration-day-one-immigration |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 20, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref><ref name="Cbsjan28">{{cite news |last=Montoya-Galvez |first=Camilo |title=Trump's sweeping immigration crackdown targets some legal means to enter U.S., too |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-migrants-crackdown-legal-immigration/ |website=[[CBS News]] |date=January 28, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref> Wakafumiskaso udindo wa parole wa ŵanthu awo ŵakanjira mu United States kwizira mu CBP One, ndipo wakamalizga [[Parole for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans|humanitarian parole]] ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Cuba, Haiti na Nicaragua.<ref name="Cbsjan28" /> Mu Malichi 2025, wakagwiliskira ntchito [[Alien Enemies Act]] ya 1798 kuti [[March 2025 American deportations of Venezuelans|wafumiske ŵanthu ŵakusama mu charu kwambura kuŵeruzgika]], kuti ŵakakakike ku [[Terrorism Confinement Center]] ku El Salvador.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Renteria |first1=Nelson |last2=O'Boyle |first2=Brendan |last3=Cortes |first3=Raul |date=March 20, 2025 |title=Explainer: What is El Salvador's mega-prison holding Venezuelans deported from the US? |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/what-is-el-salvadors-mega-prison-that-could-take-us-criminals-2025-02-04/ |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakasuzga ŵanthu ŵakachitanga kampeni, ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu mwakuzomerezgeka, ŵalendo kweniso ŵasambiri awo ŵakaŵa na visa ndipo ŵakasuskanga ndondomeko zake panji ŵakakhozganga nkhani ya Palestine.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kanno-Youngs |first1=Zolan |author-link1=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |last2=Pager |first2=Tyler |last3=Aleaziz |first3=Hamed |date=March 21, 2025 |title=As Trump Broadens Crackdown, Focus Expands to Legal Immigrants and Tourists |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/21/us/politics/trump-immigration-visa-crackdown.html |access-date=March 29, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku America nawo ŵakakakika na kufumiskika mu charu.<ref>{{cite news |last=Danner |first=Chas |date=May 3, 2025 |title=All the U.S. Citizens Who've Been Caught Up in Trump's Immigration Crackdown |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/tracking-us-citizens-children-detained-deported-ice-trump-updates.html |access-date=May 4, 2025 |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Kampeni yake yakufumiska ŵanthu mu charu mwankhongono yikapangiska viwoneskero vikuru mu charu chose kweniso nkhondo pakati pa ŵanthu ŵakusama mu charu, ŵawoneskeri na ŵalara ŵa boma. Vinthu ivi vikakura chomene pamanyuma pakuti ŵalara ŵa boma ŵakakoma ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku America mu [[Operation Metro Surge]] mu Janyuwale 2026.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hesson |first1=Ted |last2=Cooke |first2=Kristina |date=January 10, 2026 |title=Trump's showy immigration enforcement leads to violent confrontations |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trumps-showy-immigration-enforcement-leads-violent-confrontations-2026-01-10/ |access-date=January 31, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rao |first1=Sonia A. |last2=Mayorquín |first2=Orlando |last3=Schweber |first3=Nate |last4=Watkins |first4=Rhianwen |last5=Bonamo |first5=Mark |date=January 30, 2026 |title=Protesters Denounce Trump Immigration Tactics in 'National Shutdown' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/30/us/minnesota-ice-protests-trump-immigration.html |access-date=January 31, 2026 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake (2025–sono) === {{main|Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake za boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} {{further|Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump|Nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States|Nkhondo ya malonda ya United States na Canada na Mexico ya 2025–2026|Kukhumba kusazgirako charu cha America mu nyengo ya Donald Trump|Nkhondo ya Iran ya 2026}} Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake za Trump mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri zikulongosoreka kuti zikaŵa zakukhumba kusazgirako malo gha United States (expansionism) kweniso za ufumu wa America (imperialism).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Colvin |first1=Jill |last2=Gillies |first2=Rob |date=January 9, 2025 |title=Trump, the 'America First' candidate, has a new preoccupation: Imperialism |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-imperialism-canada-panama-greenland-b4b53445dee97398b498b79eab54d49b |access-date=January 28, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Erlanger |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Erlanger |date=January 7, 2026 |title=Europe and Rest of World Try to Come to Terms With Trump the Imperialist |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/07/world/europe/trump-venezuela-greenland-ukraine-europe.html |access-date=January 19, 2026 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Boma lake likatemwa kugwiliskira ntchito nkhongono za nkhondo (hard power) kuti lifiske ndondomeko yake ya [[America First]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=February 2, 2025 |title=Trump Favors Blunt Force in Dealing With Foreign Allies and Enemies Alike |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/02/us/politics/trump-tariffs-migrants-power.html |access-date=September 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo likaparanya panji kuleka kovwira mabungwe gha mu charu na gha pa charu chose agho ghakakhumbanga kukhozga [[soft power]] ya America.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hvistendahl |first=Mar |date=July 23, 2025 |title=China Flexes Muscles at U.N. Cultural Agency, Just as Trump Walks Away |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/23/world/asia/unesco-china-us.html |access-date=September 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Basu |first1=Zachary |last2=Lawler |first2=Dave |date=July 17, 2025 |title=Trump's soft-power retreat scrambles U.S.-China race |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/07/17/trump-china-retreat-soft-power |access-date=September 7, 2025}}</ref> Ubwezi wa Trump na vyaru ivyo vikukolerana na United States ukaŵa wakwendera pa ivyo wangasanga, ndipo nyengo zinyake wakalongoranga kuleka kupwerera panji uchinkho kwa ŵabwezi ŵa America, apo wakapenjanga ubwezi uwemi na vyaru vinyake ivyo vikawonekanga nga mbalwani ŵa United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Erlanger |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Erlanger |date=February 27, 2025 |title=Indifference or Hostility? Trump's View of European Allies Raises Alarm |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/27/world/europe/trump-eu-allies.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 28, 2025}}</ref> [[File:President Trump and Ukrainian President Zelenskyy in Oval Office, Feb. 28, 2025.webm|thumb|thumbtime=43:14|Ungano wa Trump na [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]], Febuluwale 2025]] Mu Febuluwale 2025, Trump pamoza na Vice President Vance [[2025 Trump–Zelenskyy Oval Office meeting|ŵakasuska chomene pulezidenti wa Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] pa ungano uwo ukawoneskeka pa TV ndipo ukaŵa wakukangana chomene. Mabungwe gha nkhani ghakati uwu ukaŵa ukali wakwamba kuwonekera pakweru pakati pa pulezidenti wa United States na mutu wa boma la charu chinyake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Kevin |last2=Zeleny |first2=Jeff |author-link2=Jeff Zeleny |last3=Maher |first3=Kit |last4=Collins |first4=Kaitlan |author-link4=Kaitlan Collins |date=February 28, 2025 |title=Trump and Vance erupt at Zelensky in tense Oval Office meeting |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/02/28/politics/trump-zelensky-vance-oval-office/index.html |access-date=March 20, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=De Luce |first1=Dan |date=March 1, 2025 |title=Trump-Zelenskyy clash marks a defining turn away from U.S. defense of democracies |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/national-security/trump-zelenskyy-clash-marks-defining-turn-away-us-defense-democracies-rcna193975 |access-date=March 27, 2025 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Ndondomeko za chuma za Trump zikulongosoreka kuti zikaŵa za kukhozga katundu wa mu charu (protectionism), ndipo wakakhazikiska misonkho ya katundu (tariffs) ku vyaru vinandi, kusazgapo China, Canada na Mexico, awo mbabwezi ŵakuru ŵa malonda ŵa United States.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Swanson |first1=Ana |last2=Austen |first2=Ian |last3=Romero |first3=Simon |author-link3=Simon Romero |title=Trump's Tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China Snap Into Effect |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/04/business/economy/trump-tariffs-canada-mexico-china.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 4, 2025 |date=March 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakambiska nkhondo ya malonda pa charu chose, ndipo wakakhazikiska misonkho ya katundu yakukwera chomene kuluska iyo yikawonekanga kufuma pa nyengo ya [[Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act]] ya 1930, apo [[Great Depression]] yikambanga.<ref>{{cite news |last=Goldman |first=David |date=August 1, 2025 |title=Trump's new tariffs have no precedent in the modern era |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/08/01/economy/tariff-policy-trump-trade |access-date=August 8, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Romm |first=Tony |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/07/business/economy/trump-tariffs-trade-war.html |title=Staggering U.S. Tariffs Begin as Trump Widens Trade War |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 7, 2025 |access-date=August 9, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2026, Khoti Likuru la United States likadumura kuti misonkho iyo wakakhazikiska pasi pa [[International Emergency Economic Powers Act]] yikaŵa yakususkana na dango.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fritze |first1=John |last2=Cole |first2=Devan |last3=Buchwald |first3=Elizabeth |last4=Sneed |first4=Tierney Sneed |title=Supreme Court rules that Trump's sweeping emergency tariffs are illegal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/20/politics/supreme-court-tariffs |work=[[CNN]] |date=February 20, 2026 |access-date=February 20, 2026}}</ref> Trump kanandi wakawopsyezganga panji kukhazikiska misonkho ku vyaru ivyo vikaŵa pa mapangano na United States chifukwa chakuti vikasuskanga vilato vyake vya ndale.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wong |first1=Edward |author-link1=Edward Wong |last2=Pierson |first2=David |date=July 11, 2025 |title=Rubio and China's Top Envoy Vie for Influence in Asia Over Trump's Tariffs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/11/us/politics/china-us-asia-tariffs.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 24, 2025 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Boak |first1=Josh |last2=Burrows |first2=Emma |last3=Niemann |first3=Daniel |date=January 17, 2026 |title=Trump says 8 European countries will face 10% tariff for opposing US control of Greenland |url=https://apnews.com/article/denmark-greenland-us-trump-4ad99ea3975a8b62d37bd04961feda55 |access-date=January 19, 2026 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Ku Latin America, Trump wakachita nkhondo zakususkika na malango gha pa charu chose pa maboti agho wakatenge ghakaŵa gha ŵakwendeska munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo mu nyanja za pa charu chose,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodward |first1=Alex |date=September 3, 2025 |title=Trump's Venezuelan boat violated international law, experts warn |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-venezuela-drug-boat-attack-video-b2819566.html |access-date=September 3, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> ndipo wakalanguraso kuti ŵasilikali ŵanandi ŵatumike mu chigaŵa cha Caribbean.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chávez |first1=Steve |last2=Stott |first2=Michael |title=US naval build-up near Venezuela stokes tensions in Latin America |url=https://www.ft.com/content/50db68c8-59d2-4a2a-b2c3-7c8c88237763 |access-date=September 5, 2025 |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |date=August 28, 2025 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Novembala 2025, Trump wakagowokera pulezidenti wakale wa Honduras [[Juan Orlando Hernández]], uyo wakatumizgika ku United States mu 2022 ndipo wakakeruzgika vyaka 45 chifukwa cha munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo. Mu Janyuwale 2026, ŵasilikari ŵa United States ŵakakora pulezidenti wa Venezuela [[Nicolás Maduro]] mu [[2026 United States strikes in Venezuela#Capture of Maduro|nkhondo ya ŵasilikari mu Venezuela]] na kumutolera ku New York uko wakasuskika na mulandu wa munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Downs |first=Garrett |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/04/trump-venezuela-maduro-pardon-honduras.html |title=Trump admin pressed on pardon for ex-Honduras president after Venezuela's Maduro snatched |work=[[CNBC]] |date=January 4, 2026 |access-date=January 6, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2025, Trump [[Greenland crisis|wakawopsyezga kutora Greenland]], kusazgapo kugwiliskira ntchito ŵasilikari panji kukhazikiska misonkho ku vyaru vya ku Europe. Mu Janyuwale 2026, wakawoneka nga waleka mawopsyezgo agha ghaŵiri, wakati wafiska "ndondomeko yakwamba ya phangano la munthazi" na NATO.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jakes |first1=Lara |last2=Tankersley |first2=Jim |last3=Kanno-Youngs |first3=Zolan |author-link3=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/21/us/politics/trump-greenland-threats-diplomacy-force.html |title=Trump Says He Has Framework for Greenland Deal as NATO Mulls Idea of U.S. Sovereignty Over Bases |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 21, 2026 |access-date=February 4, 2026}}</ref> ==== Nkhondo za ku Middle East ==== {{main|Nkhondo za ku Middle East mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} Trump wakalutilira kukhozga Israel ndipo wakalutiliraso [[United States support for Israel in the Gaza war|kovwira Israel pa nkhondo ya ku Gaza]].{{cite news |title=Trump wants Jordan and Egypt to accept more Palestinian refugees and floats plan to 'clean out' Gaza |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-israel-bomb-gaza-hamas-war-023b36984c6116c128b5e47f117bba2a |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 26, 2025 |access-date=December 26, 2025}} Kwambira Malichi mpaka Meyi 2025, Trump [[March–May 2025 United States attacks in Yemen|wakalongozga nkhondo yikuru ya ndege za nkhondo]] kulimbana na malo gha [[Houthis|ŵaHouthi]] mu Yemen, iyo yikaŵa ntchito yake yakwamba yikuru ya nkhondo ku Middle East mu nyengo yake yachiŵiri ya ulamuliro.{{cite news |last1=Schmitt |first1=Eric |last2=Wong |first2=Edward |last3=Ismay |first3=John |date=April 4, 2025 |title=U.S. Strikes in Yemen Burning Through Munitions With Limited Success |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/04/us/politics/us-strikes-yemen-houthis.html |access-date=March 22, 2026 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}} Mu Juni 2025, Trump wakakolerana na Israel pa [[Twelve-Day War|Nkhondo ya Mazuŵa 12]] na Iran, ndipo wakalangura kuti ndege za nkhondo za United States [[2025 United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites|zibombe malo gha nyukiliya gha Iran]].{{cite news |last=Magid |first=Jacob |title=US bombs Fordo, 2 other nuclear facilities, joining Israel's war in Iran |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-strikes-irans-elusive-fordo-facility-joining-israels-fight-against-nuclear-program/ |access-date=June 22, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Times of Israel]] |date=June 22, 2025}} [[Gaza peace plan|Ndondomeko yake ya mtende ku Gaza]] pakati pa Israel na [[Hamas]] yikasainika mu Okutobala 2025, ndipo yikapangiska kukhazikiskika kwa [[Board of Peace]].{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-hamas-agree-gaza-ceasefire-return-hostages-2025-10-09/ |title=Gazans trek to ruined homes as Israeli forces pull back under ceasefire |last1=Lubell |first1=Maayan |last2=Al-Mughrabi |first2=Nidal |work=[[Reuters]] |date=October 9, 2025 |access-date=October 9, 2025 |url-access=limited}} Mu Febuluwale 2026, Trump wakazomerezga kuti ndege za nkhondo za United States na Israel zichite pamoza nkhondo yakuwukira Iran, ivyo vikayambiska [[2026 Iran war|Nkhondo ya Iran ya 2026]] ndipo vikapangiska kukomeka kwa mulongozgi mukuru wa Iran [[Ali Khamenei]].{{cite news |last=Sanger |first=David E. |author-link=David E. Sanger |date=February 28, 2026 |title=For Trump, the Iran Attack Is the Ultimate War of Choice |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/28/us/politics/trump-iran-attack.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 28, 2026}}{{cite news |last1=Holm |first1=Phil |last2=Jarrett |first2=Will |last3=Vineys |first3=Kevin |title=The US-Israeli war with Iran in maps, graphics and images |url=https://apnews.com/photo-gallery/iran-us-israel-war-conflict-gulf-visuals-8fc2192e3c05d30fd7dad5b18b9743b7 |work=[[AP News]] |date=March 3, 2026 |access-date=March 4, 2026}} Mu nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, Trump na boma lake ŵakapereka mafumbo ghakupambanapambana kweniso ghambura kukolerana pa chifukwa icho ŵakayambira [[Rationale for the 2026 Iran war|nkhondo iyi]].{{cite news |url=https://www.spiegel.de/ausland/donald-trump-und-der-iran-krieg-praesident-siegessicher-kriegsziel-unbekannt-a-2df3b848-6ade-4cbb-a4c7-45ed6738fe63 |title=(S+) Trump und Iran: Präsident siegessicher, Kriegsziel unbekannt |language=de |trans-title=(S+) Trump and Iran: President confident of victory, war aim unknown |first=Alexander |last=Sarovic |date=March 11, 2026 |work=[[Der Spiegel]]}} Pa Epulero 8, 2026, ŵakazomerezgana kulekeska nkhondo kwa nyengo yichoko waka. Ndipouli, [[Strait of Hormuz]] yikalutilira kujalika, ndipo magulu ghose ghaŵiri ghakalutilira kuwukirananga nyengo na nyengo apo kudumbiskana kwakupambanapambana kukatondeka kufiska phangano la mtende.{{cite news |last=Faguy |first=Ana |title=Trump seeking edits to US-Iran deal, US media report |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1w2xve315do |date=May 31, 2026 |access-date=June 1, 2026 |work=[[BBC News]]}}{{cite news |last=Aikman |first=Ian |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g44yl7q70o |title=Iran condemns US strikes as 'gross violation' of ceasefire |work=[[BBC News]] |date=May 26, 2026 |access-date=June 1, 2026}} === Mazgu, nkharo na umo wakachitiranga ndale === {{main|Maghanoghano gha ndale gha Donald Trump|Mazgu gha Donald Trump}} Kwambira apo wakambanga kukhozga [[birther]] maungano gha maghanoghano ghambura ukaboni mu vyaka vya m'ma 2010, Trump wakawovwira kuti maghanoghano na mabungwe gha kuumaliro kwa woko lamanja agho ghakaŵa ghambura kumanyikwa ghambeso kumanyikwa chomene.{{refn| {{cite news |last=Bierman |first=Noah |date=August 22, 2016 |title=Donald Trump helps bring far-right media's edgier elements into the mainstream |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-media-20160820-snap-story.html |access-date=October 7, 2021}} {{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=December 1, 2022 |title=Trump Embraces Extremism as He Seeks to Reclaim Office |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 20, 2025}} {{cite news |last=Oreskes |first=Benjamin |date=May 23, 2024 |title=Trump and GOP repeatedly echo Nazi and far-right ideology as they aim to retake White House |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-05-23/trump-gop-nazi-presidential-election-politics |access-date=July 27, 2025 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}} {{cite news |last1=Swenson |first1=Ali |last2=Kunzelman |first2=Michael |date=November 18, 2023 |title=Fears of political violence are growing as the 2024 campaign heats up and conspiracy theories evolve |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd |access-date=January 20, 2025}} }} Gulu la [[alt-right]] likawungana na kukhozga kampeni yake ya visolai, chomenechomene chifukwa cha [[opposition to multiculturalism|kususka chikhalidwe cha mitundu yinandi]] na [[Opposition to immigration|kususka ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake]].{{cite news |last=Weigel |first=David |date=August 20, 2016 |title='Racialists' are cheered by Trump's latest strategy |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/racial-realists-are-cheered-by-trumps-latest-strategy/2016/08/20/cd71e858-6636-11e6-96c0-37533479f3f5_story.html |access-date=January 9, 2026 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}{{cite news |last=Pearce |first=Matt |date=September 30, 2020 |title=Q&A: What is President Trump's relationship with far-right and white supremacist groups? |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-09-30/la-na-pol-2020-trump-white-supremacy |access-date=January 12, 2026 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}{{cite news |last=Krieg |first=Gregory |date=August 25, 2016 |title=Clinton is attacking the 'Alt-Right'– What is it? |url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/08/25/politics/alt-right-explained-hillary-clinton-donald-trump |access-date=January 9, 2026 |website=[[CNN]]}} Mu kampeni yake ya visolai ya 2016, ndale na mazgu gha Trump vikapangiska kuti paŵe [[political movement|gulu la ndale]] lakumanyikwa kuti [[Trumpism]].{{cite news |last=O'Brien |first=Timothy L. |author-link=Timothy L. O'Brien |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-11-01/trumpism-has-deep-roots-in-american-history-and-it-will-outlast-trump |title=The Peculiarly American Roots of Trumpism |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=November 1, 2024 |access-date=November 26, 2024 |url-access=limited}} Gulu ili [[Trumpism#Cult of personality|likuyaniskika na kusopa munthu yumoza]].{{refn| {{cite journal |last=Sundahl |first=Anne-Mette Holmgård |title=Personality Cult or a Mere Matter of Popularity? |journal=[[International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society]] |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=May 4, 2022 |pages=431–458 |doi=10.1007/s10767-022-09423-0 |pmid=35528318 |pmc=9066393}} {{cite journal |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Benajmin E. |last2=Moen |first2=Lars J. K. |date=May 14, 2024 |title=The personality of a personality cult? Personality characteristics of Donald Trump's most loyal supporters |journal=[[Political Psychology]] |volume=46 |issue=Special Issue |pages=225–243 |issn=0162-895X |doi=10.1111/pops.12991 |doi-access=free |hdl=1885/733752725 |hdl-access=free}} {{cite journal |last1=Adams |first1=Kenneth Alan |date=Spring 2021 |title=The Trump Death Cult |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/c5d4601ebe8dcb232f9ab2965e900d70/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=35407 |journal=[[Journal of Psychohistory]] |volume=48 |issue=4 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=256–276 |issn=0145-3378}} {{cite journal |last1=Diamond |first1=Michael J. |date=February 22, 2023 |title=Perverted Containment: Trumpism, Cult Creation, and the Rise of Destructive American Populism |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |journal=Psychoanalytic Inquiry |volume=43 |issue=2 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=96–109 |issn=0735-1690 |doi=10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |url-access=subscription}} {{cite journal |last1=Reyes |first1=Antonio |date=May 4, 2020 |title=I, Trump The cult of personality, anti-intellectualism and the Post-Truth era |url=https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |journal=Journal of Language and Politics |volume=19 |issue=6 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=869–892 |issn=1569-2159 |doi=10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |url-access=subscription}} }} Maghanoghano ghake gha ndale ghakulongosoreka kuti ngakhe [[populist]]{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=298}}{{sfn|Urbinati|2019}} panji [[right-wing populist]]{{sfn|Campani|Concepción|Soler|Savín|2022}}.{{cite news |last=Chotiner |first=Isaac |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/redefining-populism |title=Redefining Populism |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=July 29, 2021 |access-date=October 14, 2021}} Wakakhozgaso kuti pulezidenti waŵe na mazaza ghanandi mwakuyowoya kuti [[unitary executive theory]] yikupereka mazaza agha.{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Trump Seeks to Paralyze Independent Privacy and Civil Liberties Watchdog |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/trump-privacy-civil-liberties-oversight-board.html |access-date=January 25, 2025}}{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 22, 2025 |title=How Trump Is Pushing at Limits of Presidential Power in Early Orders |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/politics/trump-executive-orders.html |access-date=January 28, 2025}} Vinthu vinandi ivyo Trump wakachitanga na mazgu ghake vikalongosoreka kuti vya [[authoritarianism|ulamuliro wa nkhongono]] ndipo vikawovwira ku [[Democratic backsliding in the United States|kuchepa kwa demokilase mu United States]],{{sfn|Parker|Towler|2019|p=505; 513}}{{sfn|Kaufman|Haggard|2019}}{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=300|loc="Donald Trump is broadly seen as posing an existential threat to American democracy."}} kweniso kukhazikiska fundo ya [[In-group and out-group|"ise" kulimbana na "iwo"]].{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=299}} Mazgu ghake ghakulongosorekaso kuti ghakagwiliskiranga ntchito [[fearmongering]] na [[demagogy]], ndipo [[Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign#Fearmongering|vikasazgikira chomene mu kampeni yake ya visolai ya 2024]].{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=September 11, 2024 |title='The End of Our Country': Trump Paints Dark Picture at Debate |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-dark-picture.html |access-date=September 25, 2024 |url-access=limited}} Wakupenja wovwiri wa [[Trumpism#Christian Trumpism|Ŵakhristu ŵa Evangelical]] na [[Christian nationalism in the United States|ŵakukhozga Chikhristu nga ni maziko gha charu]],{{sfn|Perry|Whitehead|Grubbs|2021|p=229|loc=Christian nationalist ideology was among the strongest predictors of Americans voting for Trump in 2016 and remained a strong predictor of intent to vote for him prior to the 2020 election}}{{cite news |date=May 18, 2024 |title=Jesus is their savior, Trump is their candidate. Ex-president's backers say he shares faith, values |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-christian-evangelicals-conservatives-2024-election-43f25118c133170c77786daf316821c3 |access-date=January 9, 2026 |work=[[AP News]]}} ndipo kanandi wakachemanga ŵalwani ŵake ŵandale kuti "ŵaheni".{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=July 16, 2025 |title=For Trump, Domestic Adversaries Are Not Just Wrong, They Are 'Evil' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/16/us/politics/trump-political-enemies-evil.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 9, 2026}} === Mitundu na jenda === {{main|Maghanoghano gha Donald Trump pa mtundu}} Mazgu ghanandi na ivyo Trump wachita vikulongosoreka na ŵanthu ŵanandi kuti vikaŵa vya kusankhana mitundu (racist).<ref> * {{cite journal|last=Logan|first=Enid|title=The 2024 US presidential election & the politics of race: responding to a moment of crisis with analysis, insight & action|journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies|volume=48|issue=15|date=2025|pages=2953–2970|doi=10.1080/01419870.2025.2524023}} * {{cite journal|last=Cadena|first=Roger S.|title=Beyond puzzlement: rethinking Latino conservatives' politics of race, ethnicity, and immigration in the Trump era|journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies|volume=48|issue=15|date=2025|pages=3037–3058|doi=10.1080/01419870.2025.2504613}} * {{cite news|last=Lopez|first=German|date=February 14, 2019|title=Donald Trump's long history of racism, from the 1970s to 2019|url=https://www.vox.com/2016/7/25/12270880/donald-trump-racist-racism-history|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=June 15, 2019}} * {{cite news|last=Desjardins|first=Lisa|author-link=Lisa Desjardins|date=January 12, 2018|title=Every moment in Trump's charged relationship with race|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/every-moment-donald-trumps-long-complicated-history-race|work=[[PBS NewsHour]]|access-date=January 13, 2018}} * {{cite news|last=Dawsey|first=Josh|author-link=Josh Dawsey|date=January 11, 2018|title=Trump's history of making offensive comments about nonwhite immigrants|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-attacks-protections-for-immigrants-from-shithole-countries-in-oval-office-meeting/2018/01/11/bfc0725c-f711-11e7-91af-31ac729add94_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-access=limited|access-date=January 11, 2018}} * {{cite news|last=Weaver|first=Aubree Eliza|date=January 12, 2018|title=Trump's 'shithole' comment denounced across the globe|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/12/trump-shithole-comment-reaction-337926|work=[[Politico]]|ref={{harvid|Weaver|2018b}}|access-date=January 13, 2018}} * {{cite news|last1=Stoddard|first1=Ed|last2=Mfula|first2=Chris|date=January 12, 2018|title=Africa calls Trump racist after 'shithole' remark|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-immigration-reaction/africa-calls-trump-racist-after-shithole-remark-idUSKBN1F11VC|work=[[Reuters]]|url-access=limited|access-date=October 1, 2019}} </ref> Kafukufuku na mafumbo ghanandi vikulongora kuti maghanoghano gha kusankhana mitundu ndigho ghakawovwira chomene kuti Trump waŵe wakutchuka pa ndale, ndipo ghakaŵa ghankhongono kuluska nkhani za chuma pakulongosora chifukwa icho ŵanthu ŵakamuvotera.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lopez|first=German|date=December 15, 2017|title=The past year of research has made it very clear: Trump won because of racial resentment|url=https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/12/15/16781222/trump-racism-economic-anxiety-study|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=January 14, 2018}}</ref> Kanandi Trump wakuyowoya mazgu ghakuyuyura ŵanthu ŵa mitundu, visopa na mafuko ghanyake,{{sfn|Stephens-Dougan|2021|p=302}} ndipo ŵasambiri ŵakusanga nyengo zose kuti maghanoghano gha kusankhana mitundu na ghakususkana na Chisilamu ([[Islamophobia]]) pa ŵanthu ŵafipa, ŵakwiza kufuma ku vyaru vinyake, na Ŵasilamu, ni vimanyikwiro vyankhongono vya ŵanthu awo ŵakumovwira Trump.{{sfn|Lajevardi|Oskooii|2018}}{{sfn|Berman|2021|p=76}} Trump wakasuskika kuti wakachitanga vya kusankhana mitundu<ref>{{cite news|last=Grenoble|first=Ryan|date=September 11, 2024|title=Trump Defends One Of The Most Blatantly Racist Moments From His Past|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-central-park-five-presidential-debate_n_66e1a7c2e4b0e13c292dccad|work=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> chifukwa cha kulemba malonda gha mu manyuzipepala ghakuru na kukhozga kuti ŵawukirano ŵankhondi ŵafipa na ŵa Latino ŵakaŵa na mulandu wakukolelera mwanakazi muzungu mu mulandu wa [[Central Park jogger case]] wa 1989, nangauli ŵakafwatulika ku mulandu uwo mu 2002.<ref>{{cite news|last=Diaz|first=Jaclyn|date=October 21, 2024|title=The Central Park 5 are suing Trump over Philly debate comments|url=https://www.npr.org/2024/09/11/nx-s1-5108632/central-park-five-trump-debate|work=[[NPR News]]|access-date=November 27, 2024}}</ref> Mazgu gha Trump pa [[Unite the Right rally]] mu 2017, apo wakasuska "kuwoneska kwa nkhaza, kutinkhana na kusankhana uku kufuma ku vigaŵa vyose" ndipo wakati pakaŵa "ŵanthu ŵawemi ku vigaŵa vyose viŵiri", ghakasuskika chifukwa ghakawoneka nga ghakuyana waka ŵakususkira [[white supremacist]] na ŵakususkana nawo.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kessler|first=Glenn|author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist)|date=May 8, 2020|title=The 'very fine people' at Charlottesville: Who were they?|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/05/08/very-fine-people-charlottesville-who-were-they-2/|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-access=limited|access-date=October 23, 2021}}</ref> Mu Janyuwale 2018, pa kudumbiskana vya malango gha ŵakwiza kufuma ku vyaru vinyake, wakuti wakachema El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras na vyaru vya ku Africa kuti ni "shithole countries",<ref>{{cite news|last=Beauchamp|first=Zack|date=January 11, 2018|title=Trump's "shithole countries" comment exposes the core of Trumpism|url=https://www.vox.com/2018/1/11/16880804/trump-shithole-countries-racism|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=January 11, 2018}}</ref> ndipo mazgu agha ghakasuskika kuti ghakaŵa gha kusankhana mitundu.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wintour|first1=Patrick|author-link1=Patrick Wintour|last2=Burke|first2=Jason|author-link2=Jason Burke|last3=Livsey|first3=Anna|date=January 13, 2018|title='There's no other word but racist': Trump's global rebuke for 'shithole' remark|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/12/unkind-divisive-elitist-international-outcry-over-trumps-shithole-countries-remark|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 13, 2018}}</ref> Mu Julayi 2019, [[United States House of Representatives]] yikadumura chisankho chakususka Trump chifukwa cha mazgu agho wakayowoya pa ŵakwendeska ŵanakazi ŵanayi ŵa chipani cha Democratic awo ŵakaŵa ŵa mafuko ghachoko.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mak|first=Tim|author-link=Tim Mak|date=July 16, 2019|title=House Votes To Condemn Trump's 'Racist Comments'|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/16/742236610/condemnation-of-president-delayed-by-debate-can-lawmakers-call-trump-tweets-raci|work=[[NPR News]]|access-date=July 17, 2019}}</ref> Kampeni yake ya 2024 yikagwiliskira ntchito chomene mazgu ghakuyuyura ŵanthu (dehumanizing language) na [[racial stereotype|vikozgo vya mtundu]].<ref> * {{cite news|last1=Shear|first1=Michael D.|author-link1=Michael D. Shear|last2=Aleaziz|first2=Hamed|last3=Ulloa|first3=Jazmine|date=September 11, 2024|title=How Trump Uses Vitriol for Migrants to Sideline Other Issues|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-migrants.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|url-access=limited|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last1=Gold|first1=Michael|last2=Huynh|first2=Anjali|date=April 2, 2024|title=Trump Again Invokes 'Blood Bath' and Dehumanizes Migrants in Border Remarks|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/us/politics/trump-border-blood-bath.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|url-access=limited|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last=Sullivan|first=Kate|date=October 6, 2023|title=Trump's anti-immigrant comments draw rebuke|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/06/politics/trump-anti-immigrant-comments/|work=[[CNN]]|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last=Ward|first=Myah|date=October 12, 2024|title=We watched 20 Trump rallies. His racist, anti-immigrant messaging is getting darker.|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/12/trump-racist-rhetoric-immigrants-00183537|work=[[Politico]]|access-date=July 27, 2025}} </ref> [[File:President Trump Visits St. John's Episcopal Church (49964153176).jpg|thumb|Trump wali na gulu la ŵalaraŵalara na ŵalongozgi ŵakwenda kufuma ku White House kuluta ku St. John's Church, pamanyuma pa [[Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church#Clearing Lafayette Square and St. John's|kufumiskika kwa ŵakuwoneska maghanoghano ku Lafayette Square]] mu Juni 2020]] Mu Juni 2020, pa nyengo ya [[George Floyd protests]], ŵalaraŵalara ŵa boma la United States ŵakagwiliskira ntchito gasi wakukhozga maso na nthowa zinyake zakupatulira mzinda kuti ŵafumiske gulu la ŵanthu awo ŵakachitanga chiwoneskero mwamtende pa [[Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.|Lafayette Square]], kufupi na [[White House]].<ref name="wb">{{cite news |last1=Leonnig |first1=Carol D. |author-link1=Carol D. Leonnig |last2=Zapotosky |first2=Matt |last3=Dawsey |first3=Josh |author-link3=Josh Dawsey |last4=Tan |first4=Rebecca |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/barr-personally-ordered-removal-of-protesters-near-white-house-leading-to-use-of-force-against-largely-peaceful-crowd/2020/06/02/0ca2417c-a4d5-11ea-b473-04905b1af82b_story.html |title=Barr personally ordered removal of protesters near White House, leading to use of force against largely peaceful crowd |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 2, 2020 |access-date=June 3, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="bumpline">{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=June 2, 2020 |title=Timeline: The clearing of Lafayette Square |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/06/02/timeline-clearing-lafayette-square/ |access-date=June 6, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake, Trump [[Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church|wakajipatura chithuzi wali wakukora Baibolo]] pa [[St. John's Episcopal Church, Lafayette Square|St. John's Episcopal Church]],<ref name="wb"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gittleson |first1=Ben |last2=Phelps |first2=Jordyn |title=Police use munitions to forcibly push back peaceful protesters for Trump church visit |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/national-guard-troops-deployed-white-house-trump-calls/story?id=71004151 |access-date=June 29, 2021 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=June 3, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=O'Neil |first=Luke |date=June 2, 2020 |title=What do we know about Trump's love for the Bible? |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/02/what-do-we-know-about-trumps-love-for-the-bible |access-date=June 11, 2020}}</ref> ndipo ŵalongozgi ŵa visopa ŵakasuska umo ŵakachitira na ŵakuwoneska maghanoghano kweniso kujipatura chithuzi uko.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stableford |first1=Dylan |last2=Wilson |first2=Christopher |title=Religious leaders condemn teargassing protesters to clear street for Trump |url=https://news.yahoo.com/religious-leaders-condemn-gassing-protesters-to-clear-street-for-trump-192800782.html |access-date=June 8, 2020 |work=[[Yahoo News]] |date=June 3, 2020}}</ref> Trump wali na mbiri ya kuyuyura ŵanakazi para wakuyowoya na ŵapharazgi panji pa malo ghakuchezgerapo gha pa intaneti.{{sfn|Rothe|Collins|2019}}<ref name="Shear">{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Sullivan |first2=Eileen |author-link2=Eileen Sullivan |date=October 16, 2018 |title='Horseface,' 'Lowlife,' 'Fat, Ugly': How the President Demeans Women |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/16/us/politics/trump-women-insults.html |access-date=August 5, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalongora mazgu ghakofya, wakasuskanga kawonekero ka ŵanakazi, ndipo wakaŵachemanga na mazina ghakunyoza.<ref name="Shear" /> Mu Okutobala 2016, vidiyo ya mu 2005 iyo yikajambulika kwambura kumanya yikafuma kuwaro umo [[Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape|wakajikuzgira]] kuti wakafyofyonanga na kukorakora ŵanakazi kwambura kuzomerezgeka, wakati, "para uli nyenyezi, ŵakukuzomerezga. Ungachita chilichose. ... Kora pa [[Pussy#Female genitalia|chiŵaro cha mwanakazi]]."<ref>{{cite news |last=Timm |first=Jane C. |title=Trump caught on hot mic making lewd comments about women in 2005 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-hot-mic-when-you-re-star-you-can-do-n662116 |work=[[NBC News]] |date=October 7, 2016 |access-date=June 10, 2018}}</ref> Iyo wakati mazgu agha ghakaŵa waka "mazgu gha mu chipinda cha kuseŵeramo".<ref>{{cite news |last=Fahrenthold |first=David |author-link=David Fahrenthold |title=Trump recorded having extremely lewd conversation about women in 2005 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-recorded-having-extremely-lewd-conversation-about-women-in-2005/2016/10/07/3b9ce776-8cb4-11e6-bf8a-3d26847eeed4_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=December 14, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa ukali ukuru wa ŵanthu, kusazgapo ŵa chipani cha Republican, Trump wakafumiska vidiyo yakuphepeska pagulu, kweniso wakawukira Hillary Clinton.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/08/us/politics/donald-trump-women.html |title=Donald Trump Apology Caps Day of Outrage Over Lewd Tape |date=October 7, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=October 8, 2016 |last1=Burns |first1=Alexander |author-link1=Alex Burns (journalist) |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |last3=Martin |first3=Jonathan |author-link3=Jonathan Martin (journalist) |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ivyo wakususkikira pa nkhaza za kugonana === {{main|Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations}} Kufika mu Okutobala 2024, kwamba m'ma 1970, ŵanakazi ŵakukwana 28<ref name="NewRepublic10.31.24">{{cite magazine |url=https://newrepublic.com/post/187761/pageant-queen-beatrice-keul-trump-sexual-assault |title=Pageant Queen Shares Horrifying Details of Trump Sexual Assault |last=Ferguson |first=Malcolm |magazine=[[The New Republic]] |date=October 31, 2024 |access-date=August 21, 2025}}</ref> ŵamususka Trump pa milandu yakupambanapambana ya nkhaza za kugonana, kusazgapo kukoleska, kugonana na ŵana, kuwukira pa kugonana, nkhaza za thupi, kufyofyonanga na kukorakora kwambura kuzomerezgeka, kulaŵiska pasi pa masiketi gha ŵanakazi, kweniso kunjira mu vipinda umo ŵapikizgano ŵa umbeauty ŵakaŵiranga ŵali nkhule.<ref name="no26">{{cite news |last=Osborne |first=Lucy |date=September 17, 2020 |title='It felt like tentacles': the women who accuse Trump of sexual misconduct |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/sep/17/amy-dorris-donald-trump-women-who-accuse-sexual-misconduct |access-date=June 6, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> === Kukolerana na nkhaza na milandu ya chidani === {{further|Rhetoric of Donald Trump#Violence}} Trump wakumanyikwa kuti wali na ntchito yikuru pa kusazgirako nkhaza za ndyali mu United States, kwizira mu awo ŵakumovwira kweniso awo ŵakumususka.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=September 16, 2024 |title=Trump, Outrage and the Modern Era of Political Violence |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/16/us/politics/trump-violence-assassination-attempt.html |access-date=January 20, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Nacos|Shapiro|Bloch-Elkon|2020}}{{sfn|Piazza|Van Doren|2022}} Wakulongosoreka kuti wakupokelera maghanoghano gha ukali, [[List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump|visambizgo vya chiwembu]] nga ni [[QAnon]], kweniso magulu gha [[American militia movement|militia gha ku far-right]] kuluska pulezidenti munyake waliyose wa mazuŵa ghano wa America.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=December 1, 2022 |title=Trump Embraces Extremism as He Seeks to Reclaim Office |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Swenson |first1=Ali |last2=Kunzelman |first2=Michael |date=November 18, 2023 |title=Fears of political violence are growing as the 2024 campaign heats up and conspiracy theories evolve |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> Wawerezgapo kanandi kususka ŵakwimikana nayo pa ndyali kuti mbalwani za charu, ndipo wapempha kuti ŵajalikike panji kukomeka, ivyo vyapangiska ŵanandi kumususka kuti wakovwira kulimbikiska nkhaza.<ref>{{cite news |last=Basu |first=Zachary |date=November 16, 2019 |title=The 24 times Trump has accused somebody of "treason" |url=https://www.axios.com/2019/06/16/trump-treason-russia-investigation-new-york-times |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 20, 2025 |title=Trump calls Democrats who told US military to refuse illegal orders 'traitors' who should face death penalty |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-says-democrats-who-told-us-military-refuse-illegal-orders-deserve-death-2025-11-20 |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chasan |first=Aliza |date=September 27, 2023 |title=Gen. Milley says he has "appropriate" safety measures after Trump social media threat |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/general-milley-responds-to-trump-social-media-post-60-minutes/ |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Kafukufuku wakulongora kuti kayowoyero ka Trump kakukolerana na kusazgikira kwa milandu ya chidani,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kunzelman |first1=Michael |last2=Galvan |first2=Astrid |date=August 7, 2019 |title=Trump words linked to more hate crime? Some experts think so |url=https://apnews.com/article/7d0949974b1648a2bb592cab1f85aa16 |access-date=October 7, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Feinberg |first1=Ayal |last2=Branton |first2=Regina |last3=Martinez-Ebers |first3=Valerie |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Counties that hosted a 2016 Trump rally saw a 226 percent increase in hate crimes |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/03/22/trumps-rhetoric-does-inspire-more-hate-crimes/ |access-date=October 7, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuyowoya mwakupambanapambana maghanoghano gha kusankhana chifukwa chakuti wakazgora mazgu ghakusankhana mafuko kuŵa ghakawiro.{{sfn|Stephens-Dougan|2021|p=306}} Ŵakufufuza ŵanyake nawo ŵati mazgu gha Trump agho ghakananga mbiri na kuyowoya vyautesi vya awo ŵakaŵa ŵakukomeka na gulu ilo likachita vivulupi pa Janyuwale 6, vikaŵa chiyelezgero cha [[stochastic terrorism]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Yousef |first=Odette |date=September 17, 2024 |title=The U.S. has had a long history of political violence, but experts see a new trend |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/09/17/nx-s1-5113997/political-violence-trump |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Angove |first=James |title=Stochastic terrorism: critical reflections on an emerging concept |journal=[[Taylor & Francis]] |date=February 3, 2024 |volume=17 |pages=21–43 |doi=10.1080/17539153.2024.2305742 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakasuzgikanga panji kususkika pa milandu ya nkhaza na milandu ya chidani ŵakayowoyanga kuti mazgu gha Trump ndigho ghakaŵachitiska kuchita nthena, panji ŵakeneranga kulangika pachoko.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Tracy |first=Abigail |date=August 8, 2019 |title="The President of the United States Says It's Okay": The Rise of the Trump Defense |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/08/donald-trump-domestic-terrorism-el-paso |access-date=October 7, 2021 |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Helderman |first1=Rosalind S. |author-link1=Rosalind S. Helderman |last2=Hsu |first2=Spencer S. |last3=Weiner |first3=Rachel |date=January 16, 2021 |title='Trump said to do so': Accounts of rioters who say the president spurred them to rush the Capitol could be pivotal testimony |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-rioters-testimony/2021/01/16/01b3d5c6-575b-11eb-a931-5b162d0d033d_story.html |access-date=September 27, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kafukufuku wa charu chose wakuchitika na [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] mu Meyi 2020 ukasanga milandu yakukwana 54, kufuma mu Ogasiti 2015 m'paka Epulero 2020, umo zina la Trump likazunulikiranga mwachindunji pa milandu ya nkhaza panji viwopsezo vya nkhaza, chomenechomene yakuchitika na ŵanalume ŵatuŵa ndipo yikanangiranga ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghanyake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Levine |first=Mike |date=May 30, 2020 |title='No Blame?' ABC News finds 54 cases invoking 'Trump' in connection with violence, threats, alleged assaults. |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/blame-abc-news-finds-17-cases-invoking-trump/story?id=58912889 |access-date=February 4, 2021 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Apo Trump wakakana kususka gulu la ŵa [[Proud Boys]] pa mkangano wa kusankha pulezidenti mu 2020,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Olorunnipa |first1=Toluse |author-link1=Toluse Olorunnipa |last2=Wootson |first2=Cleve R. Jr. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-debate-white-supremacist-question/2020/09/30/366df500-02c7-11eb-a2db-417cddf4816a_story.html |title=Trump refused to condemn white supremacists and militia members in presidential debate marked by disputes over race |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=September 30, 2020 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> na kuyowoya kuti, "Proud Boys, yimani kumanyuma ndipo lindilirani", ŵanthu ŵakati mazgu agha ghakachitiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵanjire mu gulu ilo likamovwiranga Trump.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cheney |first=Kyle |author-link=Kyle Cheney (journalist) |title=Enrique Tarrio, Proud Boys leader on Jan. 6, sentenced to 22 years for seditious conspiracy |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2023/09/05/sentencing-enrique-tarrio-proud-boys-00114095 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=September 5, 2023}}</ref> Ŵakufufuza vya kulimbana na uchigandanga ŵati umo Trump wakapangiranga ŵanthu kuti ŵawone kuwukira kwa Nyumba ya Malango pa Janyuwale 6 nga ni chinthu chambura suzgo, kweniso [[Pardon of January 6 United States Capitol attack defendants|kugowokera ŵose awo ŵakachitako vivulupi pa Janyuwale 6]], vingawovwira kulimbikiska nkhaza za ndyali munthazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hsu |first1=Spencer S. |last2=Silverman |first2=Ellie |last3=Zakrzewski |first3=Cat |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Clemency for Oath Keepers, Proud Boys fuels extremism threat, experts say |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2025/01/21/pardons-proud-boys-oath-keepers/ |access-date=January 22, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=April 13, 2024 |title=Inside Donald Trump's Embrace of the Jan. 6 Rioters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/13/us/politics/trump-jan-6.html |access-date=January 20, 2025 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska na visambizgo vya chiwembu === {{main|False or misleading statements by Donald Trump|List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump}} [[File:2017- Donald Trump veracity - composite graph.png|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Fact-checkers]] ŵa ''The Washington Post'',<ref name="database">{{cite news |last1=Kessler |first1=Glenn |author-link1=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |last2=Kelly |first2=Meg |last3=Rizzo |first3=Salvador |last4=Lee |first4=Michelle Ye Hee |author-link4=Michelle Ye Hee Lee |date=January 20, 2021 |title=In four years, President Trump made 30,573 false or misleading claims |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-claims-database/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ''Toronto Star'',<ref>{{cite news |last=Dale |first=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Dale |date=June 5, 2019 |title=Donald Trump has now said more than 5,000 false things as president |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/analysis/2019/06/05/donald-trump-has-now-said-more-than-5000-false-claims-as-president.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[Toronto Star]]}}</ref> na CNN<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dale |first1=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Dale |last2=Subramiam |first2=Tara |date=March 9, 2020 |title=Fact check: Donald Trump made 115 false claims in the last two weeks of February |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/09/politics/fact-check-trump-false-claims-february/ |access-date=December 15, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> ŵakawunganya uthenga wa "mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska" (mtundu wa orenji) na "mazgu ghautesi" (mtundu wa violet).|alt=Chati yakulongora mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska agho Trump wakayowoyanga]] Trump wakuyowoya kanandi mazgu ghambura unenesko pa kuyowoya kwake pagulu,<ref name="finnegan">{{cite news |last=Finnegan |first=Michael |date=September 25, 2016 |title=Scope of Trump's falsehoods unprecedented for a modern presidential candidate |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-false-statements-20160925-snap-story.html |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="whoppers"/> mwakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵati ivi vindachitikepo kale mu ndyali za United States.<ref name="finnegan"/><ref name="glasser">{{cite magazine |last=Glasser |first=Susan B. |author-link=Susan Glasser |date=August 3, 2018 |title=It's True: Trump Is Lying More, and He's Doing It on Purpose |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-trumps-washington/trumps-escalating-war-on-the-truth-is-on-purpose |access-date=January 10, 2019 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]]}}</ref><ref name="Konnikova">{{cite news |last=Konnikova |first=Maria |author-link=Maria Konnikova |date=January 20, 2017 |title=Trump's Lies vs. Your Brain |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/donald-trump-lies-liar-effect-brain-214658/ |access-date=March 31, 2018 |work=[[Politico Magazine]]}}</ref> Mazgu ghake ghautesi na ghakupuluska ghakalembekanga na [[fact-checker|ŵakuwona unenesko wa mazgu]], kusazgapo awo ŵali ku ''The Washington Post'', awo ŵakasanga kuti wakayowoya mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska 30,573 pa nyengo yake yakwamba kuŵa pulezidenti,<ref name="database"/> ndipo chiŵelengero ichi chikamba kusazgikira nyengo yikati yajumphapo.<ref name="TermUntruth">{{cite news |last1=Kessler |first1=Glenn |author-link1=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |last2=Kelly |first2=Meg |last3=Rizzo |first3=Salvador |last4=Shapiro |first4=Leslie |last5=Dominguez |first5=Leo |date=January 23, 2021 |title=A term of untruths: The longer Trump was president, the more frequently he made false or misleading claims |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/interactive/2021/timeline-trump-claims-as-president/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu ghake ghautesi ghawoneka nga ntchigaŵa chakumanyikwa cha umo wakuchitira ndyali<ref name="glasser"/> ndipo ghafotokozeka kuti ni [[firehosing]].{{sfn|Kakutani|2018|pp=94–104}} Munthawi ya ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri, Trump wakalutilira kugwiliskira ntchito mazgu ghaboza, ghakupuluska, na ghakusazgirizga pakulongosora na kupembuzga malango ghake gha Executive Order na ndondomeko za boma.<ref>{{cite news |last=Qiu |first=Linda |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/29/us/politics/trump-100-days-fact-check.html |title=In Breakneck 2nd Term, Trump Turns to Falsehoods to Justify His Agenda |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 29, 2025 |access-date=March 17, 2026}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuyowoya vyautesi pafupipafupi nga umo wakachitiranga kale, kweni wakaŵa na mitundu yichoko ya mautesi uku wakuwoneskera kanandi "gulu likuru" la mautesi gheneghara.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dale |first=Daniel |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2025/12/27/politics/analysis-donald-trumps-top-25-lies-of-2025 |title=Analysis: Donald Trump's top 25 lies |work=[[CNN]] |date=December 27, 2025 |access-date=March 17, 2026}}</ref> Mautesi ghanyake gha Trump ghakaŵa ghambura kukhumbikwa chomene,<ref>{{cite news |last=Qiu |first=Linda |date=January 21, 2017 |title=Donald Trump had biggest inaugural crowd ever? Metrics don't show it |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2017/jan/21/sean-spicer/trump-had-biggest-inaugural-crowd-ever-metrics-don/ |access-date=March 30, 2018 |work=[[PolitiFact]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Rein |first=Lisa |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Here are the photos that show Obama's inauguration crowd was bigger than Trump's |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2017/03/06/here-are-the-photos-that-show-obamas-inauguration-crowd-was-bigger-than-trumps/ |access-date=March 8, 2017 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> kweni ghanyake ghakaŵa na vyakukhwaska vikuru, nga ni kupharazga kwake kwambura ukaboni kwakuti munkhwala wa [[malaria]] ungachizga [[COVID-19]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Wong |first=Julia Carrie |author-link=Julia Carrie Wong |date=April 7, 2020 |title=Hydroxychloroquine: how an unproven drug became Trump's coronavirus 'miracle cure' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/06/hydroxychloroquine-trump-coronavirus-drug |access-date=June 25, 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Spring |first=Marianna |author-link=Marianna Spring |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Coronavirus: The human cost of virus misinformation |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-52731624 |access-date=June 13, 2020 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> ivyo vikapangiska kusoŵa kwa munkhwala uwu mu United States kweniso [[panic buying|kugura mwaluŵiro chifukwa cha wofi]] mu Africa na South Asia.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rowland |first=Christopher |date=March 23, 2020 |title=As Trump touts an unproven coronavirus treatment, supplies evaporate for patients who need those drugs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/20/hospitals-doctors-are-wiping-out-supplies-an-unproven-coronavirus-treatment/ |access-date=March 24, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Parkinson |first1=Joe |last2=Gauthier-Villars |first2=David |date=March 23, 2020 |title=Trump Claim That Malaria Drugs Treat Coronavirus Sparks Warnings, Shortages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-claim-that-malaria-drugs-treat-coronavirus-sparks-warnings-shortages-11584981897 |url-access=subscription |access-date=March 26, 2020 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Kuwukira kwake pa mavoti gha [[mail-in voting]] na nthowa zinyake za kuvotera kukachepeska kugomezga kwa ŵanthu mu unenesko wa [[chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2020]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Siders |first=David |date=May 25, 2020 |title=Trump sees a 'rigged election' ahead. Democrats see a constitutional crisis in the making. |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/05/25/donald-trump-rigged-election-talk-fears-274477 |access-date=October 9, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Riccardi |first=Nicholas |date=September 17, 2020 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump's big distortions on mail-in voting |url=https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-election-2020-ap-fact-check-elections-voting-fraud-and-irregularities-8c5db90960815f91f39fe115579570b4 |access-date=October 7, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> apo uthesi wake wakukhwaskana na nthenda ya COVID-19 ukachedweska ndiposo kufowofya ivyo boma la charu likachitanga pakulimbana nayo.<ref name="NYT 4 11 20">{{cite news |first1=Eric |last1=Lipton |author-link1=Eric Lipton |first2=David E. |last2=Sanger |author-link2=David E. Sanger |first3=Maggie |last3=Haberman |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |first4=Michael D. |last4=Shear |author-link4=Michael D. Shear |first5=Mark |last5=Mazzetti |author-link5=Mark Mazzetti |first6=Julian E. |last6=Barnes |title=He Could Have Seen What Was Coming: Behind Trump's Failure on the Virus |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/11/us/politics/coronavirus-trump-response.html |access-date=April 11, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 11, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="USAT-Disinfo">{{cite news |last=Guynn |first=Jessica |date=October 5, 2020 |title=From COVID-19 to voting: Trump is nation's single largest spreader of disinformation, studies say |url=https://usatoday.com/story/tech/2020/10/05/trump-covid-19-coronavirus-disinformation-facebook-twitter-election/3632194001/ |access-date=October 7, 2020 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bergengruen |first1=Vera |last2=Hennigan |first2=W.J. |date=October 6, 2020 |title='You're Gonna Beat It.' How Donald Trump's COVID-19 Battle Has Only Fueled Misinformation |url=https://time.com/5896709/trump-covid-campaign/ |access-date=October 7, 2020 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Kanandi wakupempha yayi chigowokero pa mautesi ghake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Allen |first=Jonathan |date=December 31, 2018 |title=Does being President Trump still mean never having to say you're sorry? |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/does-being-president-trump-still-mean-never-having-say-you-n952841 |access-date=June 14, 2020 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> M'paka mu 2018, manyuzipepala na vyakupharazga vikanyake vikakanizganga kuyowoya kuti mautesi ghake "mbutesi", nangauli wakawerezganga mazgu agho ghakaŵa ghakubozgeka pakuwonekera.<ref>{{cite news |last=Greenberg |first=David |author-link=David Greenberg (historian) |date=January 28, 2017 |title=The Perils of Calling Trump a Liar |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/the-perils-of-calling-trump-a-liar-214704/ |access-date=June 13, 2020 |work=[[Politico Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="DBauder">{{cite news |last=Bauder |first=David |date=August 29, 2018 |title=News media hesitate to use 'lie' for Trump's misstatements |url=https://apnews.com/8d3c7387eff7496abcd0651124caf891 |access-date=September 27, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=June 5, 2019 |title=Lies? The news media is starting to describe Trump's 'falsehoods' that way. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/lies-the-news-media-is-starting-to-describe-trumps-falsehoods-that-way/2019/06/05/413cc2a0-8626-11e9-a491-25df61c78dc4_story.html |access-date=April 11, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kwambira pambere wandambe ulamuliro wake wakwamba, Trump wakalimbikiska [[List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump|visambizgo vinandi vya chiŵembu]]. Mu 2011, Trump wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa chomene pakupharazga [[Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories|chisambizgo cha "birther"]], icho chikatengeka kuti [[Barack Obama]], pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States wakafuma ku ŵanthu ŵafipa, wakababikira yayi mu United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=John |first=Arit |date=June 23, 2020 |title=From birtherism to 'treason': Trump's false allegations against Obama |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-06-23/trump-obamagate-birtherism-false-allegations |access-date=February 17, 2023 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Wakati ndiyo wakapangiska boma kufumiska satifiketi ya kubabikira ya Obama, nangauli wakati nayo yikaŵa yautesi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Keneally |first=Meghan |date=September 18, 2015 |title=Donald Trump's History of Raising Birther Questions About President Obama |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donald-trumps-history-raising-birther-questions-president-obama/story?id=33861832 |access-date=August 27, 2016 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Mu Seputembala 2016, wakazomera pakweru kuti Obama wakababikira ku United States, kweni mwautesi wakati [[Hillary Clinton]] ndiyo wakambiska mphara izi pa nyengo ya [[Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign|kampeni yake ya chisankho cha pulezidenti ya 2008]].<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C27|consensus 27]]. --><ref>{{cite news |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Trump Drops False 'Birther' Theory, but Floats a New One: Clinton Started It |first1=Maggie |last1=Haberman |author-link1=Maggie Haberman |first2=Alan |last2=Rappeport |date=September 16, 2016 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/17/us/politics/donald-trump-birther-obama.html}}</ref> Kanandi Trump wakambanga kuyowoya kuti wapulika visambizgo vya chiŵembu ivi kwa munthu munyake,<ref name="Haberman2016"/> ndipo wakalimbikiska visambizgo nga ni [[climate change denial]], [[Conspiracy theories related to the 2019 Trump–Ukraine scandal|vyakuti Ukraine yikanjilirapo pa visankho vya United States]], ndiposo vya [[vaccines and autism]].<ref name="Haberman2016">{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=February 29, 2016 |title=Even as He Rises, Donald Trump Entertains Conspiracy Theories |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/01/us/politics/donald-trump-conspiracy-theories.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Fichera |first1=Angelo |last2=Spencer |first2=Saranac Hale |date=October 20, 2020 |title=Trump's Long History With Conspiracy Theories |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2020/10/trumps-long-history-with-conspiracy-theories/ |access-date=September 15, 2021 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=November 26, 2019 |title=President Trump loves conspiracy theories. Has he ever been right? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/26/president-trump-loves-conspiracy-theories-has-he-ever-been-right/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa [[chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2020]], wakalimbikiska visambizgo vya chiŵembu vyakukhwaskana na kutondeka kwake, ivyo vikachemeka kuti "[[Big lie (2020 United States presidential election)|boza likuru]]".<ref>{{cite magazine |last=McEvoy |first=Jemima |date=December 17, 2020 |title=These Are The Voter Fraud Claims Trump Tried (And Failed) To Overturn The Election With |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2020/12/17/these-are-the-voter-fraud-claims-trump-tried-and-failed-to-overturn-the-election-with/ |access-date=September 13, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Block |first=Melissa |author-link=Melissa Block |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Can The Forces Unleashed By Trump's Big Election Lie Be Undone? |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/01/16/957291939/can-the-forces-unleashed-by-trumps-big-election-lie-be-undone |access-date=December 25, 2024}}</ref> === Ubwezi wake na nkhani za vyakupharazga === {{main|Nkhondo ya Donald Trump na vyakupharazga}} Pa nyengo ya kampeni ya chisankho cha 2016, Trump wakapokera uthenga unandi waulere mu vyakupharazga kuluska kale,{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/06/14/this-harvard-study-is-a-powerful-indictment-of-the-medias-role-in-donald-trumps-rise/ |title=This Harvard study is a powerful indictment of the media's role in Donald Trump's rise |first=Chris |last=Cillizza |author-link=Chris Cillizza |date=June 14, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} uwo ukawerengekanga kuti ukaŵa wakukwana madola mabiliyoni ghaŵiri.{{cite news |title=$2 Billion Worth of Free Media for Donald Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/16/upshot/measuring-donald-trumps-mammoth-advantage-in-free-media.html |first1=Nicholas |last1=Confessore |author-link1=Nicholas Confessore |first2=Karen |last2=Yourish |date=March 15, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Apo wakaŵa wakuphalizga kampeni kweniso apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, kanandi wakasuska vyakupharazga kuti vikutemwera chigaŵa chinyake, ndipo wakavichemanga kuti "vyakupharazga vya nkhani zautesi" na "mulwani wa ŵanthu".{{cite web |last1=Hetherington |first1=Marc |last2=Ladd |first2=Jonathan M. |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Destroying trust in the media, science, and government has left America vulnerable to disaster |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2020/05/01/destroying-trust-in-the-media-science-and-government-has-left-america-vulnerable-to-disaster/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |publisher=[[Brookings Institution]]}} Mu ulamuliro wake wakwamba, boma la Trump likachepeskako misonkhano yakudumbiskana na ŵapharazgi kufuma pa pafupifupi 100 mu 2017 kufika pa yiŵiri pera mu 2019, ndipo likawuskapo zilolezgo za ŵapharazgi ŵaŵiri ŵa ku White House, ivyo vikaweleraso na makhoti.{{cite news |last=Grynbaum |first=Michael M. |date=December 30, 2019 |title=After Another Year of Trump Attacks, 'Ominous Signs' for the American Press |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/30/business/media/trump-media-2019.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Kufika mu 2024, Trump wakalutilira kuyowoya kuti wakovwira [[Kuzomerezga yayi kususka boma|kuŵika dango lakukanizga kususka boma]] na kumususka,{{cite news |last=Kapur |first=Sahil |date=October 13, 2024 |title='Totally illegal': Trump escalates rhetoric on outlawing political dissent and criticism |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/totally-illegal-trump-escalates-rhetoric-outlawing-political-dissent-c-rcna174280 |access-date=November 23, 2024 |work=[[NBC News]]}} ndipo wakati ŵapharazgi ŵakwenera kusuzgika na dango usange ŵakukana kuvumbura awo ŵakuŵapa uthenga mwachisisi, kweniso kuti makampani gha vyakupharazga ghangaŵavya mazaza ghakupharazga usange ghakupharazga vinthu viheni vyakukhwaskana na iyo.{{cite news |last=Folkenflik |first=David |author-link=David Folkenflik |date=October 21, 2024 |title=Could Trump's threats against news outlets carry weight if he wins the presidency? |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/10/21/nx-s1-5150039/could-trumps-threats-against-news-outlets-carry-weight-if-he-wins-the-presidency |access-date=November 23, 2024 |work=[[NPR News]]}} Mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri, ivyo Trump wakachitira vyakupharazga vikaŵa vyambura kuchitikapo mu mbiri yasono ya United States,{{cite news |last1=Spike |first1=Justin |last2=Riccardi |first2=Nicholas |date=September 18, 2025 |title=Trump's moves against the media mirror approaches by authoritarian leaders to silence dissent |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-dictators-media-putin-russia-orban-hungary-2de4b920e9d7952eed132d38e1934ce5 |access-date=September 18, 2025}} ndipo ŵakulemba mbiri ŵakati vikayananga na ivyo ŵalongozgi ŵankhongono ŵakuchita pakukanizga ŵakususkana nawo pa ndyali ndipo vikakhwaska viheni [[wanangwa wa kuyowoya]] na [[wanangwa wa vyakupharazga]].{{cite news |last1=Abels |first1=Grace |last2=Sherman |first2=Amy |date=April 29, 2025 |title=President Trump said he 'brought back free speech.' His first 100 days tell a different story. |work=[[PolitiFact]] |url=https://www.politifact.com/article/2025/apr/29/donald-trump-free-speech-First-Amendment-100-days/ |access-date=May 4, 2025}}{{cite news |last1=Gilliand |first1=Olivia |last2=Dumalaon |first2=Janelle |date=April 26, 2025 |title=Trump's attacks on media test US press freedom rules |work=[[Deutsche Welle]] |url=https://www.dw.com/en/trumps-attacks-on-media-tests-us-first-amendment-press-freedom/a-72359073 |access-date=May 4, 2025}} Kampeni yakulamulira kayowoyero yikayaniskika na [[cancel culture]], boma lakusezga wanangwa wa kayowoyero, na [[McCarthyism]].{{cite news |last1=Riccardi |first1=Nicholas |last2=Konstantin |first2=Toropin |date=September 15, 2025 |title=Trump administration joins Republicans' campaign to police speech in reaction to Kirk's murder |url=https://apnews.com/article/charlie-kirk-speech-republicans-firings-government-vance-e65a4939b80e4f4822db188e978d8812 |access-date=September 15, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/sep/16/charlie-kirk-shooting-trump-progressive-groups |title=Progressive groups fear 'McCarthy era' attacks in wake of Charlie Kirk shooting |first=George |last=Chidi |date=September 16, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=September 18, 2025}}{{cite news |last=Yerushalmy |first=Jonathan |date=September 18, 2025 |title='Censoring you in real time': suspension of Jimmy Kimmel show sparks shock and fears for free speech |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2025/sep/18/jimmy-kimmel-suspension-sparks-shock-fears-for-free-speech-censoring-realtime |access-date=September 18, 2025 |work=[[The Guardian]]}} [[Federal Communications Commission]] yikamba kufufuza vyakupharazga ivyo vikapusikikanga kuti vikutemwera ŵakususkana nayo.{{cite news |last=Brodkin |first=Jon |date=January 23, 2025 |title=Trump's FCC chair gets to work on punishing TV news stations accused of bias |work=[[Ars Technica]] |url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/01/trumps-fcc-chair-gets-to-work-on-punishing-news-stations-accused-of-bias/ |access-date=March 20, 2025}} Chifukwa cha vyakofya vya Trump, ŵalongozgi ŵa vyakupharazga ŵakaphalira ŵapharazgi na ŵantchito ŵawo kuti [[kujikanizga ŵekha]] ndipo ŵachepeskeko kumususka Trump.{{cite news |last1=Fischer |first1=Sara |last2=Wang |first2=Christine |date=May 27, 2025 |title=Journalism under pressure amid fear of retribution |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/05/27/trump-journalism-pressure |access-date=May 31, 2025}} Ŵanandi ŵakati Trump wakapangiska kuchepa kukuru kwa [[wanangwa wa vyakupharazga]], kusazgapo magulu ghakovwira ŵapharazgi{{cite web |last=Ferragamo |first=Mariel |title=World Press Freedom Continues Decline at a Time of Upheaval |url=https://www.cfr.org/article/world-press-freedom-continues-decline-time-upheaval |website=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] |date=May 2, 2025 |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=United States |url=https://rsf.org/en/country/united-states |website=[[Reporters Without Borders]] |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=Press freedom in the US |url=https://cpj.org/issue/press-freedom-in-the-us/ |website=[[Committee to Protect Journalists]] |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=Will press freedom decline further? |url=https://www.media-diversity.org/2026-the-year-ahead-will-press-freedom-decline-further/ |website=[[Media Diversity Institute]] |date=January 6, 2026 |access-date=January 15, 2026}} kweniso mabuku gha masambiro.{{cite journal |last=West |first=Sonja R. |title=Presidential Attacks on the Press |journal=[[Missouri Law Review]] |volume=83 |pages=915 |year=2018 |url=https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/fac_artchop/1276/ |access-date=January 16, 2026}}{{cite journal |last1=Jones |first1=RonNell Andersen |last2=West |first2=Sonja R. |title=The Fragility of the Free American Press |journal=[[Northwestern University Law Review]] |volume=112 |issue=3 |pages=567 |year=2017 |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/nulr/vol112/iss3/5/ |access-date=January 16, 2026}}{{cite book |last=Kalb |first=Marvin |title=Enemy of the People: Trump's War on the Press, the New McCarthyism, and the Threat to American Democracy |publisher=[[Brookings Institution Press]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.hks.harvard.edu/publications/enemy-people-trumps-war-press-new-mccarthyism-and-threat-american-democracy |access-date=January 16, 2026}} === Vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti === {{main|Kugwiliskira ntchito vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti na Donald Trump|Kugwiliskira ntchito X na Donald Trump}} Kufuma mu 2009 mpaka apo wakakanizgikira mu Janyuwale 2021, Trump wakalemba pa Twitter mauthenga ghakujumpha 57,000.{{cite news |last1=Madhani |first1=Aamer |last2=Colvin |first2=Jill |date=January 9, 2021 |title=A farewell to @realDonaldTrump, gone after 57,000 tweets |url=https://apnews.com/article/twitter-donald-trump-ban-cea450b1f12f4ceb8984972a120018d5 |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}} Pamanyuma pa vyaka vinandi vya kususkika chifukwa chakuzomerezga Trump kulemba uthenga wa upusikizgi na mautesi, Twitter yikamba kuŵika vimanyikwiro vya kusimikizga unenesko pa mauthenga ghanyake gha Trump mu Meyi 2020.{{cite news |last=Dwoskin |first=Elizabeth |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Twitter labels Trump's tweets with a fact check for the first time |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/05/26/trump-twitter-label-fact-check/ |access-date=July 7, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}} Wakakanizgika kugwiliskira ntchito Facebook, [[Instagram]], Twitter, na mapulatifomu ghanyake pamanyuma pa [[Kuukira Nyumba ya Malango ya United States pa Janyuwale 6, 2021]].{{cite news |last1=Fischer |first1=Sara |last2=Gold |first2=Ashley |date=January 11, 2021 |title=All the platforms that have banned or restricted Trump so far |url=https://www.axios.com/platforms-social-media-ban-restrict-trump-d9e44f3c-8366-4ba9-a8a1-7f3114f920f1.html |access-date=January 16, 2021 |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]}}{{cite news |last1=Conger |first1=Kate |author-link1=Kate Conger |last2=Isaac |first2=Mike |author-link2=Mike Isaac |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Inside Twitter's Decision to Cut Off Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/16/technology/twitter-donald-trump-jack-dorsey.html |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Kutaya mwayi wake wa vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti kukachepeska nkhongono yake yakukhwaska ivyo vikachitikanga{{cite news |last=Timberg |first=Craig |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Twitter ban reveals that tech companies held keys to Trump's power all along |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/14/trump-twitter-megaphone/ |access-date=February 17, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}{{cite news |last1=Alba |first1=Davey |author-link1=Davey Alba |last2=Koeze |first2=Ella |last3=Silver |first3=Jacob |date=June 7, 2021 |title=What Happened When Trump Was Banned on Social Media |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/06/07/technology/trump-social-media-ban.html |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} ndipo kukayaniskika na kuchepa kukuru kwa uthenga wa upusikizgi pa Twitter.{{cite news |last1=Dwoskin |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Timberg |first2=Craig |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Misinformation dropped dramatically the week after Twitter banned Trump and some allies |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/16/misinformation-trump-twitter/ |access-date=February 17, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} Mu Febuluwale 2022, wakambiska pulatifomu ya vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti ya [[Truth Social]], uko wakakopa ŵakulondezga ŵachoko waka pakuyaniska na Twitter.{{cite news |last1=Harwell |first1=Drew |author-link1=Drew Harwell |last2=Dawsey |first2=Josh |author-link2=Josh Dawsey |date=November 7, 2022 |title=Trump once reconsidered sticking with Truth Social. Now he's stuck. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/07/trump-once-reconsidered-sticking-with-truth-social-now-hes-stuck/ |access-date=May 7, 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} Twitter yikamuwezgerapo akaunti yake mu Novembala 2022.{{cite news |last1=Mac |first1=Ryan |author-link1=Ryan Mac |last2=Browning |first2=Kellen |date=November 19, 2022 |title=Elon Musk Reinstates Trump's Twitter Account |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/19/technology/trump-twitter-musk.html |access-date=November 21, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}{{cite news |last1=Dang |first1=Sheila |last2=Coster |first2=Helen |date=November 20, 2022 |title=Trump snubs Twitter after Musk announces reactivation of ex-president's account |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/musks-twitter-poll-showing-narrow-majority-want-trump-reinstated-2022-11-20/ |access-date=May 10, 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}} Kuletshelereka kwa vyaka viŵiri pa [[Meta Platforms]] kukamara mu Janyuwale 2023, ndipo wakazomerezgekaso kugwiliskira ntchito Facebook na Instagram.{{cite news |last=Bond |first=Shannon |date=January 23, 2023 |title=Meta allows Donald Trump back on Facebook and Instagram |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/01/25/1146961818/trump-meta-facebook-instagram-ban-ends |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> == Kuwonelera == === Chithuzithuzi cha ŵanthu === {{main|Chithuzithuzi cha Donald Trump pa maso pa ŵanthu|Kafukufuku wa maghanoghano pa nyengo yakwamba ya ulamuliro wa Trump}} Mu nyengo yakwamba ya Trump, kufuma mu 2017 m'paka 2021, ŵanthu pa charu chose ŵakakhumbanga chomene yayi ulongozgi wa United States. Kuvomerezga kukakhira kufuma pafupifupi pa 22&nbsp;peresenti mu kafukufuku wa [[Gallup, Inc.|Gallup]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Datta |first=Monti |date=September 16, 2019 |title=3 countries where Trump is popular |url=https://theconversation.com/3-countries-where-trump-is-popular-120317 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]}}</ref> wa vyaru 134 kufika pa 16&nbsp;peresenti mu kafukufuku wa [[Pew Research|Pew Research]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wike |first1=Richard |last2=Fetterolf |first2=Janell |last3=Mordecai |first3=Mara |date=September 15, 2020 |title=U.S. Image Plummets Internationally as Most Say Country Has Handled Coronavirus Badly |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/09/15/us-image-plummets-internationally-as-most-say-country-has-handled-coronavirus-badly/ |access-date=December 24, 2020 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> wa vyaru 13. Mu 2017, kuwona makora ulongozgi wa United States kukakhira chomene pakati pa vyaru vyabwezi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rating World Leaders: 2018 The U.S. vs. Germany, China and Russia |url=https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000161-0647-da3c-a371-867f6acc0001 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]] |via=[[Politico]]}} Page 9</ref> Mu United States, Trump wakasindikizgika chomene na ŵa chipani cha Republican: 88&nbsp;peresenti ya ŵa Republican na 7&nbsp;peresenti ya ŵa Democratic.<ref name="Jones">{{cite web |last=Jones |first=Jeffrey M. |date=January 18, 2021 |title=Last Trump Job Approval 34%; Average Is Record-Low 41% |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/328637/last-trump-job-approval-average-record-low.aspx |access-date=October 3, 2021 |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]]}}</ref> Mu kafukufuku wa Gallup wa 2021, wakaŵa pulezidenti yekha uyo wandafikepo pa 50&nbsp;peresenti ya kuvomerezgeka, ndipo wakaŵaso wakwamba kuleka kusankhika kuŵa munthu wakutemweka chomene mu chaka chake chakwamba pa udindo.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bach |first=Natash |date=December 28, 2017 |title=Trump Is the Only Elected U.S. President Not to Be Named America's Most Admired Man In His First Year |url=https://fortune.com/2017/12/28/gallup-most-admired-man-and-woman-obama-clinton/ |access-date=November 19, 2024 |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]}}</ref> === Masanjiro gha ŵasambizgi === {{further|Masanjiro gha mbiri ya ŵapulezidenti ŵa United States}} Pamanyuma pa nyengo yakwamba ya Trump, [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States#2021 C-SPAN|ŵakulemba mbiri ŵakasanja Trump]] kuŵa pulezidenti wa nambara yachinayi kufuma pasi mu kafukufuku wa [[C-SPAN]] wa 2021 wa ŵakulemba mbiri ya ŵapulezidenti.<ref>{{cite web |year=2021 |url=https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/ |title=Presidential Historians Survey 2021 |work=[[C-SPAN]] |access-date=June 30, 2021}}</ref> Wakasanga mavoti ghachoko chomene mu magulu gha ulongozgi wakwenerera na luso lwa kuwusa.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sheehey |first=Maeve |date=June 30, 2021 |title=Trump debuts at 41st in C-SPAN presidential rankings |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/06/30/trump-cspan-president-ranking-497184 |access-date=March 31, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Brockell |first=Gillian |title=Historians just ranked the presidents. Trump wasn't last. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/06/30/presidential-rankings-2021-cspan-historians/ |access-date=July 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 30, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kafukufuku wa [[Siena College Research Institute]] wa 2022 [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States#2022 Siena College|ukamusanja]] kuŵa wachitatu kufuma pasi. Wakasangika pafupi na umaliro mu magulu ghose kupatulako mwaŵi, kukhumbisiska kutora viwopsezo, na ulongozgi wa chipani, ndipo wakamalira paumaliro mu magulu ghanandi.<ref name="scri_22">{{cite web |url=https://scri.siena.edu/2022/06/22/american-presidents-greatest-and-worst/ |title=American Presidents: Greatest and Worst |publisher=[[Siena College Research Institute]] |date=June 22, 2022 |access-date=July 11, 2022}}</ref> Mu 2018 na 2024, [[American Political Science Association]] yikamusanja kuŵa pulezidenti muheni chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rottinghaus |first1=Brandon |last2=Vaughn |first2=Justin S. |date=February 19, 2018 |title=Opinion: How Does Trump Stack Up Against the Best—and Worst—Presidents? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/19/opinion/how-does-trump-stack-up-against-the-best-and-worst-presidents.html |access-date=July 13, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chappell |first=Bill |date=February 19, 2024 |title=In historians' Presidents Day survey, Biden vs. Trump is not a close call |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1232447088/historians-presidents-survey-trump-last-biden-14th |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> == Umoyo wa munthu == === Banja === {{main|Banja la Trump}} [[File:State Visit of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia State Dinner Receiving Line with Ivana Trump and Donald Trump in East Room - DPLA - 1a44d05819eab8ba3dcf7a6883ad92ba.jpg|thumb|Trump na muwoli wake Ivana pa chakurya cha boma mu 1985 pakupokelera Fumu [[Fahd wa Saudi Arabia]] pamoza na Pulezidenti [[Ronald Reagan]] na Muwoli Wakwamba [[Nancy Reagan]]|alt=Ivana Trump na Fumu Fahd ŵakukorana mawoko, apo Ronald Reagan wali pafupi nawo wakuseka.]] Mu 1977, Trump wakatora [[Ivana Zelníčková]].{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=300}} Ŵakaŵa na ŵana ŵatatu: [[Donald Jr.]] (wakababika mu 1977), [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] (wakababika mu 1981), na [[Eric Trump|Eric]] (wakababika mu 1984). Ivana wakachita ntchito yikuru pakupangiska kuti manyuzipepala na mawailesi vimulembere makora Trump, ivyo vikawovwira kupanga chithuzithuzi chake kuŵa munthu mukuru wa bizinesi ya malo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Blair |first=Gwenda |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/07/17/without-ivana-trump-there-is-no-donald-trump |title=Without Ivana, There's No 'The Donald' |work=[[Politico]] |date=July 17, 2022 |access-date=April 3, 2026}}</ref> Ŵakapatukana mu 1990, pamanyuma pakuti wakaŵa na chibwezi na modeli kweniso mulembi wa mafilimu [[Marla Maples]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Barron |first=James |author-link=James Barron (journalist) |date=December 12, 1990 |title=Trumps Get Divorce; Next, Who Gets What? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/12/nyregion/trumps-get-divorce-next-who-gets-what.html |access-date=March 5, 2023 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Iyo na Maples ŵakatorana mu 1993 ndipo ŵakapatukana mu 1999. Ŵali na mwana mwanakazi yumoza, [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] (wakababika mu 1993), uyo wakakulira na Maples ku California.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hafner |first=Josh |date=July 19, 2016 |title=Get to know Donald's other daughter: Tiffany Trump |url=https://usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2016/07/19/who-is-tiffany-trump/87321708/ |access-date=July 10, 2022 |newspaper=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Mu 2005, wakatora modeli wa ku Slovenia [[Melania Knauss]].{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=266}} Mwana wawo mwanalume [[Barron Trump|Barron]] wakababika mu 2006.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 2, 2021 |title=Donald Trump Fast Facts |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/07/04/us/donald-trump-fast-facts/ |access-date=September 29, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> ===Usambazi=== {{main|Usambazi wa Donald Trump}} [[File:1982- Net worth of Donald Trump.svg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|Usambazi wake pa nyengo zakupambanapambana, nga umo ukawerengekera na ''[[Forbes]]''<ref name="Forbes1982-">Source for years 1982–2000: {{cite magazine |date=October 3, 2023 |last=Alexander |first=Dan |title=Here's How Much Donald Trump Is Worth |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110003952/https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |archive-date=November 10, 2023<!-- DO NOT REMOVE the archive parameters in this citation. This cite is an exception case exempted from [[Talk:Donald Trump#C25|consensus 25]]. --> |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=March 28, 2026}} Data is not available for 1990 through 1995 because Trump was not included in the [[Forbes 400|''Forbes'' 400]] list.</ref><ref name=Forbes2001->Source for years 2001–2026: {{cite magazine |date=March 25, 2026 |last1=Alexander |first1=Dan |last2=Khan-Mullins |first2=Kyle |title=Here's How Much Donald Trump Is Worth |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref>]] Trump wakayowoya kuti wakamba ntchito yake na "ngongoli yichoko ya madola miliyoni yimoza" yakufuma kwa awiske, ndipo wakayenera kuyiwezga pamoza na chiwongolero.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stump |first=Scott |date=October 26, 2015 |title=Donald Trump: My dad gave me 'a small loan' of $1 million to get started |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2015/10/26/donald-trump-my-dad-gave-me-a-small-loan-of-1-million-to-get-started.html |access-date=November 13, 2016 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> Wakabwereka ndalama zakuluska madola miliyoni 60 kufuma kwa awiske, wakabwezga yayi ngongoli zinandi, ndipo wakapokera madola miliyoni 413 (mwakuyana na ndalama za 2018, para kwasazgikapo kukwera kwa mitengo) kufuma ku kampani ya malo ya awiske.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |author-link1=David Barstow |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |author-link3=Russ Buettner |date=October 2, 2018 |title=11 Takeaways From The Times's Investigation into Trump's Wealth |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-wealth-fred-trump.html |access-date=October 3, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Tax_Schemes"/> Wakati wakujichemanga kuti ni msilikali wa [[Trump Organization]] zina lake "[[John Barron (zina lakubisika)|John Barron]]", Trump wakachema mulembi wa nkhani Jonathan Greenberg mu 1984 kuti waleke kumupa malo ghapachanya pa mndandanda wa [[Forbes 400|''Forbes'' 400]] wa ŵanthu ŵasambazi chomene mu America.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/20/politics/trump-forbes-400-list-cnntv/ |title=Ex-Forbes reporter says Trump posed as executive, lied to him to crack Forbes 400 list |last=Stracqualursi |first=Veronica |date=April 20, 2018 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref>{{pb}}Trump wakajiyowoyera yekha kuti usambazi wake ukasintha chomene, kufuma pa minus madola miliyoni 900 mu 1990,<ref name="broke">{{cite news |last1=Hilzenrath |first1=David S. |last2=Singletary |first2=Michelle |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1992/11/29/trump-went-broke-but-stayed-on-top/e1685555-1de7-400c-99a8-9cd9c0bca9fe/ |title=Trump went broke, but stayed on top |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 29, 1992 |access-date=June 19, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> kufika pa madola biliyoni 10 mu 2015.{{sfn|Johnston|2021|p=20}} Pamanyuma pa kubankirapusi kwa mabizinesi ghake mu ma 1990, awo wakabwerekako ndalama ŵakamugowokera ngongoli zakuluska 80% za ngongoli zake ndipo ŵakamuzomerezga kulutilira kuŵa na malo ghanyake.<ref name="broke"/> Mu 2015, ''[[Forbes]]'' yikawona kuti usambazi wake ukaŵa madola biliyoni 4.5, mwakutolera pa mafumbo na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 80.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Lane |first=Randall |date=September 29, 2015 |title=Inside The Epic Fantasy That's Driven Donald Trump For 33 Years |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/randalllane/2015/09/29/inside-the-epic-fantasy-thats-driven-donald-trump-for-33-years/ |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=April 3, 2025}}</ref> Mu 2026, magazini iyi yikati usambazi wake ukaŵa madola biliyoni 6.5 ndipo yikamwika pa nambara 645 pa ŵanthu ŵasambazi chomene pa charu chose.<!-- UPDATE ANNUALLY (around early April) per [[Talk:Donald Trump#C5|consensus 5]]. --><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Peterson-Withorn |first1=Chase |last2=Chung |first2=Grace |last3=Durot |first3=Matt |year=2026 |title=Forbes World's Billionaires List - The Richest in 2026 |url=https://www.forbes.com/billionaires/ |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=March 24, 2026}} – Scroll down and enter "trump" in the search box.</ref> ===Ubwezi na Jeffrey Epstein=== {{main|Ubwezi wa Donald Trump na Jeffrey Epstein}} Trump wakaŵa paubwezi na [[Jeffrey Epstein]] kwa vyaka 15. Ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵamanyanga pa nyengo iyi ŵakati kanandi ŵakakhumbanga ŵanakazi ŵeneŵara ndipo ŵakachitanga mpikisano chifukwa cha ŵanakazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Goldstein |first2=Matthew |date=July 19, 2025 |title=Inside the Long Friendship Between Trump and Epstein |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/19/us/politics/inside-trump-epstein-friendship.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=August 27, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Nkhani iyi yikamba kutchukanga chomene mu mawayilesi na pakati pa ŵanthu mu 2025 apo boma lake likafumiska yayi [[Mafayilo gha Epstein|mafayilo ghakukhwaskana na Epstein]], nangauli Trump wakalayizga kuchita nthena pa kampeni ya chisankho cha 2024.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Victoria |last1=Bisset |first2=Dylan |last2=Wells |date=August 2, 2025 |title=A timeline of how the Epstein controversy became a headache for Trump |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/07/24/trump-jeffrey-epstein-relationship-controversy-timeline/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=August 27, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mafayilo ghanyake ghakafumiskika mu Disembala 2025, kweni ghanandi ghakaŵa ghakufipiskika kuti ghawonekeso yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 20, 2025 |title=6 Takeaways From the First Batch of the Epstein Files |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/19/us/politics/epstein-files-takeaways.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=December 20, 2025}}</ref> Pafupifupi mapeji miliyoni zitatu agho ghakafumiskika mu 2026 ghakaŵa na mazgu pafupifupi 38,000 agho ghakayowoyanga vya Trump, muwoli wake, Mar-a-Lago, na mazina ghanyake ghakukhwaskana na Trump. Vinthu ivyo vikayowoyanga vya Trump vikapangiska "nkhani zakukopa chidwi" kweniso mazgu ghambura kukhozgeka agho ŵakaboni ŵakayowoya mu malemba agho ghakalembeka kwamba m'ma 2000.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Eder |first1=Steve |last2=Bender |first2=Michael C. |author-link2=Michael C. Bender |last3=Enrich |first3=David |author-link3=David Enrich |date=February 1, 2026 |title=How Trump Appears in the Epstein Files |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/01/us/trump-epstein-files.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 6, 2026}}</ref> ===Umoyo=== {{main|Ukulu wa vyaka na nkhawa za umoyo wa Donald Trump}} Trump wakuti wandamwengepo moŵa, wandasutepo sigareti, panji kugwiliskira ntchito munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo,<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C67|consensus 67]]. --><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/us/trump-biden-alcohol.html |title=In Trump and Biden, a Choice of Teetotalers for President |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |date=October 30, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/kavanaugh-likes-beer--but-trump-is-a-teetotaler-he-doesnt-like-drinkers/2018/10/02/783f585c-c674-11e8-b1ed-1d2d65b86d0c_story.html |title=Kavanaugh likes beer — but Trump is a teetotaler: 'He doesn't like drinkers.' |last1=Parker |first1=Ashley |author-link1=Ashley Parker |last2=Rucker |first2=Philip |author-link2=Philip Rucker |date=October 2, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo wakuti wakugona maora ghanayi panji ghankhondi pera usiku uliwose.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C67|consensus 67]]. --><ref>{{cite news |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3970379/donald-trump-sleep-hours-night/ |title=Donald Trump sleeps 4–5 hours each night; he's not the only famous 'short sleeper' |last=Dangerfield |first=Katie |date=January 17, 2018 |work=[[Global News]] |access-date=February 5, 2021}}</ref>{{sfn|Almond|Du|2020}} Wakuti kuseŵera gofu ndiyo ni "nthowa yake yikuru yakuchitira maseŵero gha thupi", kweni kanandi wakwenda yayi pa malo ghose gha maseŵero agha.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thegolfnewsnet.com/golfnewsnetteam/2018/07/14/donald-trump-exercise-golf-cart-turnberry-110166/ |title=Donald Trump says he gets most of his exercise from golf, then uses cart at Turnberry |work=Golf News Net |date=July 14, 2018 |access-date=July 4, 2019 |first=Ryan |last=Ballengee}}</ref> Wakuwona kuti kuchita maseŵero gha thupi nkhusakwenelera chifukwa wakugomezga kuti thupi "lili nga ni batire, ilo lili na nkhongono zakumara", ndipo nkhongono izi zikumarapo chifukwa cha kuchita maseŵero gha thupi.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/trump-thinks-that-exercising-too-much-uses-up-the-bodys-finite-energy/2017/05/12/bb0b9bda-365d-11e7-b4ee-434b6d506b37_story.html |first=Rachael |last=Rettner |title=Trump thinks that exercising too much uses up the body's 'finite' energy |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 14, 2017 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|O'Donnell|Rutherford|1991|p=133}} In 2015, kampani ya Trump yikafumiska kalata yakufuma kwa dokotala wake wa nyengo yitali, [[Harold Bornstein]], iyo yikati wakazamuŵa "munthu wathanzi chomene uyo wakusankhika kuŵa pulezidenti".<ref name="dictation">{{cite news |first1=Alex |last1=Marquardt |first2=Lawrence III |last2=Crook |title=Exclusive: Bornstein claims Trump dictated the glowing health letter |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/01/politics/harold-bornstein-trump-letter/ |work=[[CNN]] |date=May 1, 2018 |access-date=May 20, 2018}}</ref> Mu 2018, Bornstein wakayowoya kuti Trump ndiyo wakamuphalira ivyo vilembeke mu kalata iyi ndipo ŵanthu ŵatatu awo ŵakimiranga Trump ŵakapoka mafayilo gha chipatala chake pa nyengo iyo ŵakachita msokwe mu ofesi yake mu Febuluwale 2017.<ref name="dictation" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-doc-says-trump-bodyguard-lawyer-raided-his-office-took-n870351 |title=Trump doctor Harold Bornstein says bodyguard, lawyer 'raided' his office, took medical files |last=Schecter |first=Anna |date=May 1, 2018 |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=June 6, 2019}}</ref> Kwambira mu 2025, Trump wakawonekanga nga wakugona pa maungano, ndipo ichi chikapangiska ŵanthu kufumba vya nkhongono zake na umo wakupwelelera umoyo wake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rogers |first1=Katie |author-link1=Katie Rogers (journalist) |last2=Freedman |first2=Dylan |date=November 25, 2025 |title=Shorter Days, Signs of Fatigue: Trump Faces Realities of Aging in Office |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/25/us/politics/trump-age-health.html |access-date=May 11, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Allison |first1=Natalie |last2=Diamond |first2=Dan |last3=Reiger |first3=JM |date=December 2, 2025 |title=Trump appears to doze off in another meeting |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/12/02/donald-trump-drowsy-cabinet-meeting/ |url-access=limited |access-date=May 11, 2026}}</ref> ===Chisopa=== {{main|Donald Trump na chisopa|Ŵakhristu awo ŵakukhozgera Donald Trump}} [[File:AI-Generated Image depicting Donald Trump as Jesus Christ.jpg|thumb|upright|Nkhani ya Epulero 2026|alt=Trump mu munjilira utope na chakuvwara chakofira panthazi pa mbendera ya America, na mawoko ghake ghakuwala ghakuchizga munthu uyo wagona pa bedi la chipatala. Ŵanthu ŵanayi, kusazgapo nesi na msilikari, ŵakulaŵiska apo mphwembe na ndege za nkhondo zikuluta kuchanya, ndipo kumanyuma kuli vimoto vya kusangwa pa [[Statue of Liberty]], pamoza na ŵasilikari ŵakuwoneka nga ni vivuzga na nyali zakufuma mu mabingu.]] Trump wakayowoya mu 2016 kuti wakaŵa [[Presbyterian]] ndiposo [[Protestant]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Campbell |first=Colin |title=Trump: If I'm president, 'Christianity will have power' in the US |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-christianity-merry-christmas-2016-1 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=January 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Engel |first=Pamela |title=Trump on God: 'Hopefully I won't have to be asking for much forgiveness' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-on-god-jesus-2016-6 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=June 8, 2016}}</ref> Mu 2020, wakayowoya kuti wakaŵa Mkhristu wambura kuŵikika ku chisopa chimoza.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Jenkins |first1=Jack |last2=Mwaura |first2=Maina |title=Trump, confirmed a Presbyterian, now identifies as 'non-denominational Christian' |url=https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2020/10/24/trump-confirmed-presbyterian-now-identifies-non-denominational |magazine=[[America (magazine)|America]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=October 24, 2020}}</ref> Mu nyengo yake yakwamba ya u pulezidenti, Trump wakasankha muphara wake wa chisopa,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |author-link1=Jeremy W. Peters |last2=Dias |first2=Elizabeth |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/02/us/politics/paula-white-trump.html |title=Paula White, Newest White House Aide, Is a Uniquely Trumpian Pastor |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 2, 2019 |access-date=August 14, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndiposo mlangizi wake wa vyauzimu,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Shellnut |first=Faith |url=https://www.christianitytoday.com/2019/11/white-house-appoints-paula-white-to-oversee-faith-outreach/ |title=Trump Appoints Paula White to Oversee Faith Office |magazine=[[Christianity Today]] |date=February 10, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref> mupharazgi wa pa TV [[Paula White-Cain]], kuŵa mu [[Office of Public Liaison|Ofesi ya Maubwezi gha Ŵanthu ya ku White House]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |author-link1=Jeremy W. Peters |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/31/us/politics/paula-white-trump.html |title=Paula White, Trump's Personal Pastor, Joins the White House |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 31, 2019 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu nyengo yake yachiŵiri, wakamusankha kuŵa mlangizi mukuru wa [[White House Faith Office|Ofesi ya Chisopa ya White House]] iyo yikapangika sonosono.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gabbatt |first=Adam |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/apr/05/paula-white-faith-office-trump |title='False teacher': Trump's pick to head the 'White House faith office' roils some fellow Christians |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=April 5, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bridges |first1=C. A. |last2=Walker |first2=Diamond |url=https://palmbeachpost.com/story/news/trump/2025/02/20/pastor-paula-white-facts-trumps-head-white-house-faith-office/78604425007/ |title=Trump's new faith office. What to know about controversial Florida pastor Paula White |newspaper=[[The Palm Beach Post]] |date=February 20, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref> Kafukufuku munyengo yake yakwamba ya u pulezidenti wakalongora kuti 63% ya ŵanthu mu America ŵakagomezganga yayi kuti wakaŵa munthu wa chisopa ndipo 44% ŵakagomezganga kuti wakaŵa Mkhristu.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fahmy |first=Dalia |date=March 25, 2020 |title=Most Americans don't see Trump as religious; fewer than half say they think he's Christian |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/03/25/most-americans-dont-see-trump-as-religious/ |access-date=April 21, 2023 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> Mu kafukufuku wa Epulero 2026, 70% ya awo ŵakafumbika ŵakati Trump ngwakusopa yayi chomene panji wakusopa yayi nadi.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rotolo |first=Chip |date=April 16, 2026 |title=Americans have become more likely to say Trump is not too or not at all religious |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2026/04/16/americans-have-become-more-likely-to-say-trump-is-not-too-or-not-at-all-religious/?cb_viewport=tablet |access-date=June 2, 2026 |work=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> Ivyo Trump wakayowoya vya Baibolo panji milimo ya Chikhristu vyapangiska ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakumususka kuyowoya kuti kumanya kwake Chikhristu nkhwachoko panji kwambura kwenelera, ndipo ŵalembi ŵachoko waka ŵa mbiri ya umoyo wake ŵakamulongosora kuti wakaŵa munthu wakusopa chomene yayi panji kuti wakaŵa wakusopa chomene nadi yayi.<ref name="LATimes17">{{cite news |last1=Friedman |first1=Ann |title=Op-Ed: Is Trump religious? Who cares? |url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-friedman-trump-religion-20170419-story.html |access-date=March 31, 2025 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=April 19, 2017}}</ref><ref name="NPR16">{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Jessica |title=Citing 'Two Corinthians,' Trump Struggles To Make The Sale To Evangelicals |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/01/18/463528847/citing-two-corinthians-trump-struggles-to-make-the-sale-to-evangelicals |access-date=March 31, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 18, 2016}}</ref> Mu Epulero 2026, Trump wakatumizga chithuzithuzi chakapangika na [[AI art|AI]] icho chikamulongora nga ni Yesu Khristu. Chithuzithuzi ichi chikafufutika pamanyuma pa kususkika. Pamanyuma wakayowoya kuti wakaghanaghananga kuti chithuzithuzi ichi chikamulongoranga nga ni dokotala.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rogers |first=Katie |author-link1=Katie Rogers (journalist) |date=April 13, 2026 |title=Trump Posted a Picture of Himself as Jesus. Now He's Trying to Explain It Away. |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/13/us/politics/trump-jesus-picture-pope-leo.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 4, 2026}}</ref> ==Wonaniso== * [[List of awards and honors received by Donald Trump]] * [[Pseudonyms used by Donald Trump]] ==Vyakuti mumanye== {{notelist}} ==Ukaboni== ===Citations=== {{reflist}} ===Mabuku ghakulembeka=== ====Wabuku waka==== <!-- This section is ONLY for books that are cited in footnotes of this Wikipedia article. --> {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last=Barrett |first=Wayne |author-link=Wayne Barrett |date=2016 |orig-date=1992 |title=Trump: The Greatest Show On Earth: The Deals, the Downfall, the Reinvention |publisher=[[Regan Arts]] |isbn=978-1-68245-079-6}} * {{cite book |title=[[The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire]] |last=Blair |first=Gwenda |author-link=Gwenda Blair |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2015 |orig-year=2001 |isbn=978-1-5011-3936-9}} * {{cite book |last1=Buettner |first1=Russ |author-link1=Russ Buettner |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |title=[[Lucky Loser (book)|Lucky Loser: How Donald Trump Squandered His Father's Fortune And Created The Illusion of Success]] |publisher=[[Penguin Press]] |date=2024 |isbn=978-0-593-29864-0}} * {{cite book |title=Never enough : Donald Trump and the pursuit of success |last=D'Antonio |first=Michael |author-link=Michael D'Antonio |date=2015 |publisher=Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-1-250-04238-5}} * {{cite book |title=[[Confidence Man: The Making of Donald Trump and the Breaking of America]] |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=2022 |publisher=Penguin Press |isbn=978-0-593-29734-6}} * {{cite book |last=Harvey |first=Michael |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003110361-1/introduction-michael-harvey |title=Donald Trump in Historical Perspective |date=2022 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-11036-1 |editor-last=Harvey |editor-first=Michael |chapter=Introduction: History's Rhymes |doi=10.4324/9781003110361-1}} * {{cite book |last=Hurt III |first=Harry |author-link=Harry Hurt III |year=1993 |title=Lost Tycoon |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]. |pages=447 |isbn=0-393-03029-6}} * {{cite book |last=Johnston |first=David Cay |author-link=David Cay Johnston |year=2016 |title=[[The Making of Donald Trump]] |publisher=[[Melville House Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-61219-658-9}} * {{cite book |last=Johnston |first=David Cay |author-link=David Cay Johnston |date=2021 |title=The Big Cheat: How Donald Trump Fleeced America And Enriched Himself And His Family |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-1-9821-7804-8}} * {{cite book |last1=Kakutani |first1=Michiko |title=The Death of Truth: Notes on Falsehood in the Age of Trump |date=2018 |publisher=[[Crown/Archetype]] |isbn=978-0-525-57484-2 |chapter=The Firehose of Falsehood: Propaganda and Fake News |author-link=Michiko Kakutani |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vlw_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT94}} * {{cite book |last=Klein |first=Naomi |author-link=Naomi Klein |date=2017 |title=[[No Is Not Enough]] |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0-14-198679-1}} * {{cite book |title=Trump Revealed: The Definitive Biography of the 45th President |last1=Kranish |first1=Michael |author-link1=Michael Kranish |last2=Fisher |first2=Marc |author-link2=Marc Fisher |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2017 |orig-year=2016 |isbn=978-1-5011-5652-6 |title-link=Trump Revealed}} * {{cite book |first=Jon |last=Meacham |author-link=Jon Meacham |title=[[Destiny and Power: The American Odyssey of George Herbert Walker Bush]] |date=2016 |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=978-0-8129-7947-3}} * {{cite book |title=TrumpNation: The Art of Being The Donald |year=2005a |author-link=Timothy L. O'Brien |last=O'Brien |first=Timothy L. |publisher=[[Grand Central Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-446-69617-3}} * {{cite book |title=Trumped! |last1=O'Donnell |first1=John R. |last2=Rutherford |first2=James |publisher=Crossroad Press Trade Edition |year=1991 |isbn=978-1-946025-26-5 |title-link=Trumped! (book)}} {{refend}}<!-- Resolve 5 harv no-citation script warnings in the cite bundle in #Racial_views -->{{cite whitelink|CITEREFLopez2019|CITEREFDesjardins2018|CITEREFDawsey2018|CITEREFStoddardMfula2018|CITEREFWeaver2018b}}{{sfn whitelist|CITEREFKranishFisher2017|CITEREFBlair2015|CITEREFO'DonnellRutherford1991}} ====Mapepala==== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal |last1=Adams |first1=Kenneth Alan |date=Spring 2021 |title=The Trump Death Cult |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/c5d4601ebe8dcb232f9ab2965e900d70/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=35407 |journal=[[Journal of Psychohistory]] |volume=48 |issue=4 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=256–276 |issn=0145-3378}} * {{cite journal |last1=Diamond |first1=Michael J. |date=February 22, 2023 |title=Perverted Containment: Trumpism, Cult Creation, and the Rise of Destructive American Populism |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |journal=Psychoanalytic Inquiry |volume=43 |issue=2 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=96–109 |issn=0735-1690 |doi=10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241106102947/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |archive-date=November 6, 2024 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |first1=Douglas |last1=Almond |first2=Xinming |last2=Du |journal=[[Economics Letters]] |title=Later bedtimes predict President Trump's performance |volume=197 |doi=10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109590 |date=December 2020 |article-number=109590 |pmid=33012904 |pmc=7518119 |issn=0165-1765}} * {{cite journal |last=Berman |first=Sheri |author-link=Sheri Berman |date=May 2021 |title=The Causes of Populism in the West |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=24 |issue= |pages=71–88 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102503 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Campani |first1=Giovanna |last2=Concepción |first2=Sunamis Fabelo |last3=Soler |first3=Angel Rodriguez |last4=Savín |first4=Claudia Sánchez |date=November 2, 2022 |title=The Rise of Donald Trump Right-Wing Populism in the United States: Middle American Radicalism and Anti-Immigration Discourse |journal=Societies |volume=12 |issue=6 |page=154 |doi=10.3390/soc12060154 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Castañeda |first1=Ernesto |last2=Jenks |first2=Daniel |date=April 17, 2023 |title=January 6th and De-Democratization in the United States |editor-last1=Costa |editor-first1=Bruno Ferreira |editor-last2=Parton |editor-first2=Nigel |journal=Social Sciences |publisher=[[MDPI]] |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=238–253 |doi=10.3390/socsci12040238 |doi-access=free |issn=2076-0760}} * {{cite journal |year=2018 |doi=10.1080/01463373.2018.1438485 |title=Make America Great Again: Donald Trump and Redefining the U.S. Role in the World |journal=[[Communication Quarterly]] |volume=66 |issue=2<!-- |pages=176–195 --> |page=176 |first=Jason A. |last=Edwards}} * {{cite journal |last1=Gaufman |first1=Elizaveta |last2=Ganesh |first2=Bharath |title=The Trump Carnival: Populism, Transgression and the Far Right Bias - Chapter 6: Laughing Culture |journal=De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences |volume=35 |date=2024 |pages=69–70 |doi=10.1515/9783111238135-006 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Benajmin E. |last2=Moen |first2=Lars J. K. |date=May 14, 2024 |title=The personality of a personality cult? Personality characteristics of Donald Trump's most loyal supporters |journal=[[Political Psychology]] |volume=46 |issue=Special Issue |pages=225–243 |issn=0162-895X |doi=10.1111/pops.12991 |doi-access=free|hdl=1885/733752725 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Johnson |first=Kevin R. |author-link=Kevin Johnson (lawyer) |title=Immigration and civil rights in the Trump administration: Law and policy making by executive order |journal=[[Santa Clara Law Review]] |year=2017a |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=611–665 |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/saclr57&div=21&id=&page=}} * {{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Kevin R. |author-link1=Kevin Johnson (lawyer) |last2=Cuison-Villazor |first2=Rose |title=The Trump Administration and the War on Immigration Diversity |journal=[[Wake Forest Law Review]] |date=May 2, 2019 |url=https://www.wakeforestlawreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/w10_VillazorJohnson.pdf |pages=575–616 |volume=54 |issue=2}} * {{cite journal |last1=Kaufman |first1=Robert R. |last2=Haggard |first2=Stephan |author-link2=Stephan Haggard |title=Democratic Decline in the United States: What Can We Learn from Middle-Income Backsliding? |journal=[[Perspectives on Politics]] |date=2019 |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=417–432 |doi=10.1017/S1537592718003377 |s2cid=149457724 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Lajevardi |first1=Nazita |last2=Oskooii |first2=Kassra A. R. |year=2018 |title=Old-Fashioned Racism, Contemporary Islamophobia, and the Isolation of Muslim Americans in the Age of Trump |journal=Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=112–152 |doi=10.1017/rep.2017.37}} * {{cite journal |last=McGurk |first=Brett |author-link=Brett McGurk |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/iran/2020-01-22/cost-incoherent-foreign-policy |title=The Cost of an Incoherent Foreign Policy: Trump's Iran Imbroglio Undermines U.S. Priorities Everywhere Else |journal=[[Foreign Affairs]] |date=January 22, 2020}} * {{cite journal |last1=Nacos |first1=Brigitte L. |author-link1=Brigitte L. Nacos |last2=Shapiro |first2=Robert Y. |author-link2=Robert Y. Shapiro |last3=Bloch-Elkon |first3=Yaeli |date=2020 |title=Donald Trump: Aggressive Rhetoric and Political Violence |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26940036 |journal=[[Perspectives on Terrorism]] |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=2–25 |issn=2334-3745 |jstor=26940036 |access-date=January 20, 2025}} * {{cite journal |last=O'Brien |first=Shannon |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-50551-6_3 |title=Donald Trump and the Kayfabe Presidency - Wrestling with the Presidency: How Donald Trump Uses Wrestling and Theatrical Tactics in the Public Sphere |journal=Rhetoric, Politics and Society |date=July 22, 2020 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-50551-6_3 |pages=39–58 |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |last1=Parker |first1=Christopher Sebastian |last2=Towler |first2=Christopher C. |date=May 2019 |title=Race and Authoritarianism in American Politics |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=22 |issue= |pages=503–519 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-064519 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Perry |first1=Samuel L. |author-link1=Samuel L. Perry |last2=Whitehead |first2=Andrew L. |last3=Grubbs |first3=Joshua B. |date=April 21, 2021 |title=The Devil That You Know: Christian Nationalism and Intent to Change One's Voting Behavior For or Against Trump in 2020 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S175504832100002X/type/journal_article |journal=Politics and Religion |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=229–246 |doi=10.1017/S175504832100002X |hdl=11244/334967 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Piazza |first1=James |last2=Van Doren |first2=Natalia |date=October 8, 2022 |title=It's About Hate: Approval of Donald Trump, Racism, Xenophobia and Support for Political Violence |journal=[[American Politics Research]] |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=299–314 |issn=1532-673X |doi=10.1177/1532673X221131561 |pmid=40787175 |pmc=12333664}} * {{cite journal |last1=Pion-Berlin |first1=David |author-link1=David Pion-Berlin |last2=Bruneau |first2=Thomas |last3=Goetze |first3=Richard B. Jr. |date=April 7, 2022 |title=The Trump self-coup attempt: comparisons and civil–military relations |journal=[[Government and Opposition]] |volume=FirstView |issue=4 |pages=789–806 |doi=10.1017/gov.2022.13 |s2cid=248033246 |doi-access=free|hdl=10945/72654 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Reyes |first1=Antonio |date=May 4, 2020 |title=I, Trump The cult of personality, anti-intellectualism and the Post-Truth era |url=https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |journal=Journal of Language and Politics |volume=19 |issue=6 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=869–892 |issn=1569-2159 |doi=10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |last1=Rothe |first1=Dawn L. |last2=Collins |first2=Victoria E. |date=November 17, 2019 |title=Turning Back the Clock? Violence against Women and the Trump Administration |journal=Victims & Offenders |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=965–978 |doi=10.1080/15564886.2019.1671284}} * {{cite journal |last=Ross |first=Bertrall L. |date=July 1, 2024 |title=Polarization, Populism, and the Crisis of American Democracy |journal=[[Annual Review of Law and Social Science]] |volume=20 |pages=293–308 |doi=10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-041922-035113 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Schaffner |first1=Brian F. |author-link1=Brian Schaffner |last2=Macwilliams |first2=Matthew |last3=Nteta |first3=Tatishe |date=March 2018 |title=Understanding White Polarization in the 2016 Vote for President: The Sobering Role of Racism and Sexism |journal=[[Political Science Quarterly]] |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=9–34 |doi=10.1002/polq.12737 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Stephens-Dougan |first=LaFluer |date=May 2021 |title=The Persistence of Racial Cues and Appeals in American Elections |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=24 |issue= |pages=301–320 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-082619-015522 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Sundahl |first1=Anne-Mette Holmgård |title=Personality Cult or a Mere Matter of Popularity? |journal=[[International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society]] |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=May 4, 2022 |pages=431–458 |doi=10.1007/s10767-022-09423-0 |pmid=35528318 |pmc=9066393}} * {{cite journal |last=Urbinati |first=Nadia |author-link=Nadia Urbinati |date=May 2019 |title=Political Theory of Populism |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753 |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=22 |access-date=December 20, 2024 |pages=111–127 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753 |url-access=subscription}} {{refend}} ==Wonani vinandi== * [[Bibliography of Donald Trump#Credited to Trump|Books credited to Trump]] * [[Bibliography of Donald Trump#About Trump|Books about Trump]] ==Ma webusaiti== {{library resources box|by=yes}} <!-- Please be cautious about adding external links. 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kugwiriska ntchito munkhwala wakuzweteska]] [[Category:Ŵasambiri ŵa Wharton School]] oeirfa4oigpo10fa8hh27r1lvpwfoaw 121665 121663 2026-09-05T07:13:30Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{good article}} {{short description|President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)}} {{redirect2|DJT|Trump|other uses|Donald Trump (disambiguation)|and|DJT (disambiguation)|and|Trump (disambiguation)}} {{pp-extended|small=yes}} {{pp-move}} {{use American English|date=November 2020}} {{use mdy dates|date=June 2026}} {{bots|deny=InternetArchiveBot}}<!-- Per [[Talk:Donald Trump#C25|consensus 25]]. --> {{stack begin}}<!-- DO NOT REMOVE. Required for correct vertical alignment of image at "Early life and education" in some user configurations. --> {{infobox officeholder | image = Official Presidential Portrait of President Donald J. Trump (2025) (cropped)(2).jpg | caption = [[Chithuzithuzi cha boma cha Donald Trump#Chithuzithuzi cha boma cha pulezidenti cha 2025|Chithuzithuzi cha boma, 2025]] | alt = Head-and-shoulders shot of Trump with a serious facial expression, his right eye partly closed. He is wearing a dark blue suit, a pale blue dress shirt, a red necktie, and an American flag lapel pin. Parts of the image are slightly out of focus. The background is black. | order = 45th & 47th<!-- DO NOT ADD A LINK. Please discuss any proposal on the talk page first. Most recent discussion at [[Talk:Donald Trump/Archive 65#Link-ifying "45th" in the Infobox?]] had a weak consensus to keep the status-quo (no link). --> | office = President of the United States | vice_president = [[JD Vance]] | term_start = January 20, 2025 | predecessor = [[Joe Biden]] | vice_president1 = [[Mike Pence]] | term_start1 = January 20, 2017 | term_end1 = January 20, 2021 | predecessor1 = [[Barack Obama]] | successor1 = Joe Biden | birth_name = Donald John Trump | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|6|14}} | birth_place = [[Queens]], New York City, U.S.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE (or add to) this location without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C2|consensus 2]]. --> | party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1969&ndash;1978, 1987&ndash;1999, 2009&ndash;2011,<br>2012&ndash;present) | other_party = {{unbulleted list | [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform]] (1999&ndash;2001) | [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (2001&ndash;2009) | [[Independent politician|Independent]] (2011&ndash;2012) }} <!-- DO NOT PIPE any of the following three links, per [[MOS:NOPIPE]]. -->| spouse = {{unbulleted list | {{marriage|[[Ivana Zelníčková]]|April 9, 1977|December 11, 1990|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Marla Maples]]|December 20, 1993|June 8, 1999|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Melania Knauss]]|January 22, 2005}} }} | children = {{hlist | [[Donald Jr.]] | [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] | [[Eric Trump|Eric]] | [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] | [[Barron Trump|Barron]] }} | parents = {{unbulleted list | [[Fred Trump]] | [[Mary Anne MacLeod]] }} | relatives = [[Trump family]] | education = [[University of Pennsylvania]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]]) | occupation = {{hlist | [[Political career of Donald Trump|Politician]] | [[Business career of Donald Trump|businessman]] | [[Media career of Donald Trump|media personality]] }} | signature = Trumpsignature2025.svg | signature_alt = Donald J. Trump stylized autograph, in ink | website = {{unbulleted list | {{URL|whitehouse.gov|White House website}} | {{URL|trumplibrary.gov|Presidential library}} | {{URL|trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov|White House archives (2017&ndash;2021)}} }} | module = {{listen voice | name = Trump <!-- [[MOS:SURNAME]] --> | filename = President Trump on the WHO's Declaration of COVID-19 as a Global Pandemic.wav | description = Trump pa ivyo [[World Health Organization]] yikapharazga kuti [[COVID-19]] ni nthenda iyo yapararira pa charu chose. | recorded = March 11, 2020 }} }} {{Donald Trump series}} {{stack end}}<!-- NOTE: Changes to the lead are regularly discussed on the talk page. DO NOT EDIT WAR. If you make a change that is reverted, please open a discussion or contribute to an existing one, per [[WP:BRD]]. Consensus items marked "DO NOT CHANGE" require prior discussion. If you add or remove a sentence with a section link, please also add or remove the hidden reminder following the section heading. --> '''Donald John Trump''' (wakababika pa Juni 14, 1946) ni munthu wa ndyali wa ku America, wakulemba nkhani, na wamalonda uyo ni pulezidenti wa 47 wa ku [[United States]]. Ni membala wa chipani cha Republican, iye wakawa pulezidenti wa 45 kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2021. Wakababikira mu mbumba ya musambazi ku New York, ndipo wakafuma ku Yunivesite ya [[Pennsylvania]] mu 1968 na digiri ya bachelor's degree mu economics. Mu 1971, wakazgoka pulezidenti wa kampani ya mbumba yake ya real estate, ndipo wakayithya zina lakuti Trump Organization, ndipo wakamba kuzenga nyumba zikuruzikuru, mahotelo, na malo ghakuwoneskerako gofu. Wakambiska mabizinesi ghanyake, ndipo ghanandi ghakaŵa na zina la Trump, ndipo mu vyaka vya m'ma 1990 na 2000, mabungwe agha ghakachita ukaboni wakuti ghakaŵa ghambura ndalama zinandi. Kufuma mu 2004 kufika mu 2015, wakapangiska pulogiramu ya pa TV ya The Apprentice, iyo yikamovwira kuti waŵe munthu musambazi. Trump wakajiwona kuti ni munthu wambura kuzomerezgeka pa nkhani ya ndyali, ndipo mu 2016 wakatonda Hillary Clinton, uyo wakaŵa musankhika wa chipani cha Democratic Party. Apo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba, Trump wakakanizga vyaru 7 ivyo vikaŵa na Ŵasilamu kuti ŵaleke kuluta ku caru cinyake, wakasazgirako mpanda wa pakati pa caru ca [[Mexico]] na United States, ndipo wakapangiska kuti mbumba zose zifwatukenge. Wakasintha malango ghakukhwaskana na malo na bizinesi, wakasazgirako msonkho, na kusora ŵeruzgi ŵatatu ŵa Khoti Likuru Chomene. Wakawuskapo U.S. mu mapangano ghakukhwaskana na mlengalenga na malonda ndipo wakambiska nkhondo ya malonda na China. Pakuzgorapo pa nthenda ya COVID-19 mu 2020, iyo wakachepeska ukali wake, wakususkana na ŵalaraŵalara ŵa vyaumoyo, na kusayinira dango la CARES Act. Wati watondeka pa visankho vya 2020 ku Joe Biden, Trump wakakana kuzomera kuti watondeka ndipo wakayezga kusintha ivyo vikachitika, ivyo vikapangiska kuti pa 6 Janyuwale, 2021 pa Capitol pachitike chindindindi. Wakapika mulandu kaŵiri, mu 2019 chifukwa cha kugwiliskira nchito mazaza mwambura kwenelera na kukanizga maungano gha boma, ndipo mu 2021 chifukwa cha kukhuŵilizga ŵanthu kuti ŵawukire boma. Mu 2023, Trump ŵakamusanga na mulandu wa kugonana na kusuzga ŵanthu, kweniso wa kuguliska malonda. Mu Meyi 2024, khoti la boma la New York likamusanga na mulandu pa nkhani 34 zakupusikizgira vinthu vya malonda, ndipo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa U.S. kukakika na mulandu. Wati wawina chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2024 kwa wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti Kamala Harris, wakapika chilango cha umoyo wose, ndipo milandu yiŵiri yakukhwaskana na kusunga malemba ghakale na kutondeska chisankho cha 2020 yikamara kwambura mulandu. Trump wakamba kuwusa kwaciŵiri mwa kulekeska nchito ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu boma. Wakapeleka msonkho ku vyaru vinandi uwo ukaŵa ukuru comene kwambira pa nyengo ya suzgo yikuru ya vyachuma, ndipo wakasazgapo dango la One Big Beautiful Bill Act. Ivyo boma lake likucita - kusazgapo kusuzga ŵanthu awo ŵakususkana nawo pa ndyali na ŵanthu ŵanyake, kukanizga wanangwa wa ŵanthu awo ŵakugonana na ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵanyawo, kuchimbizga ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵalije vikalata, na kugwiliskira nchito malango gha boma - vyapangiska kuti paŵe milandu yakujumpha 550. Ku Latin America, wakaluta ku ŵanthu awo ŵakaguliskanga minkhwala yakutimbanizga wongo, ndipo wakalangura ŵasilikari kuti ŵanjire mu caru ca [[Venezuela]] na kukora pulezidenti wa caru ici. Ku Middle East, wakazomerezga kuti boma la U.S. na la Israel liwukire Iran, ndipo ivi vikambiska nkhondo ya ku Iran mu 2026. Kuyambira mu 2015, ndondomeko ya Trump ndi ndondomeko yake ya ndale - yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Trumpism - yasintha chizindikiro cha Republican Party. Ŵanyake ŵakuti ivyo wakayowoya na kucita ni vyautesi. Wakayowoya vinthu vinandi vyautesi panji vyaupusikizgi pa nyengo ya kampeni yake na apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, vinthu ivyo vikaŵa kuti vindachitikepo mu ndyali za ku America. Ŵasayansi ŵakuti ivyo Trump wakucita ni vyaulamuliro ndipo vikupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kulondezga ndyali. Ŵasayansi na ŵalembi ŵa mdauko ŵakamulemba kuti wakaŵa yumoza wa mafumu ghaheni comene mu mdauko wa caru ca America.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C54|consensus 54]]. --> == Umoyo na masambiro == {{main|Early life and education of Donald Trump}} [[File:Donald Trump NYMA.jpg|upright=0.65|thumb|left|1964 yearbook photo|alt=A black-and-white photograph of Trump as a teenager, smiling, wearing a dark pseudo-military uniform with three ribbons and a white shoulder strap]]<!-- DO NOT MOVE this image to the right. Left alignment is required for correct vertical alignment in some user configurations. --> Donald John Trump wakababika pa June 14, 1946, ku Jamaica Hospital mu New York City borough of Queens, mwana wachinayi wa Fred Trump na Mary Anne MacLeod Trump.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=30, 37}} Iyo ni wa ku Germany na Scotland. Wakakulira mu nyumba ya vipinda 23 mu muzi wa Jamaica Estates ku Queens. Fred wakalipiranga ŵana ŵake waliyose $20,000 pa cilimika, ico cikayananga na $265,000 pa cilimika mu 2024. Apo wakaŵa na vilimika vinkhondi na vitatu, Trump wakaŵa musambazi comene.{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|pp=30–31}} Trump wakasambiranga pa sukulu ya Kew-Forest m'paka apo wakaŵa mu kilasi la 7. Ŵapapi ŵake ŵakamulembeska ku sukulu ya New York Military Academy, iyo yikaŵa sukulu ya pabweka. Sukulu iyi yikasambizganga ŵana kuti ŵasambirenge maseŵero na kuŵa na mtima wa kuwina. Trump wakaghanaghana vya kuluta ku sukulu ya kusambizga kuvina ku California, kweni kuti waŵe pafupi na kukwake, wakalembeska ku Yunivesite ya Fordham mu 1964. Mu chaka chakwamba, wakaluta ku sukulu ya ŵasilikari ya Reserve Officers' Training Corps, ndipo pa Chitatu chilichose wakavwaranga yunifomu ya usilikari. Kweni mu chaka chachiŵiri wakaleka. Mu chaka chakwamba, wakasamukira ku sukulu ya Wharton ya pa yunivesite ya Pennsylvania, ndipo kanandi wakendanga ku ofesi ya adada ŵake pa sabata. Mu Meyi 1968, wakasambira vya chuma. Mwakupambana na ivyo wakayowoya kuti wakaŵa waciŵiri mu kilasi lake, Wharton wakalemba yayi zina lake mu mabuku gha sukulu na mu mpukutu wake.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=47}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Selk |first=Avi |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 20, 2018 |title=It's the 50th anniversary of the day Trump left college and nearly had to go to war |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/05/20/its-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-day-trump-left-college-and-nearly-had-to-go-to-war/}}</ref> Apo wakaluta ku Wharton, wakaghanaghananga vya ntchito ya malonda. 13] Wakalekerathu kunjira usilikari pa nyengo ya nkhondo ya ku Vietnam chifukwa cha viwangwa ivyo vikaŵa mu makongono ghake.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=48}} == Ntchito ya bizinesi == {{main|Business career of Donald Trump}} {{further|Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia|Tax returns of Donald Trump|The Trump Organization}} ===Real estate=== {{see also|The Trump Organization#Real estate}} Kwambira mu 1968, Trump wakagwiranga nchito ku Trump Management, kampani ya adada ŵake ya real estate, iyo yikagwiranga nchito ya kupanga nyumba izo Fred wakazenga ku Queens, Staten Island, na Brooklyn. Mulimo wake ukuru ukaŵa wa kupoka ndalama za renti na kunozga nyumba kwa vilimika pafupifupi vinkhondi. Trump wakapempha adada ŵake kuti ŵalute ku Manhattan, uko vinthu vikaŵa vyakudura, kweni adada ŵake ŵakakhorwa na malo ghakutali. Mu 1971, wakasamukira ku Manhattan, uko wakanozga vyakuti wasamire ku ofesi ya adada ŵake. Chaka chenechichi, adada ŵake ŵakajizgora kuŵa mulara wa gulu ili, ndipo Trump wakazgoka pulezidenti. Trump wakamba kugwiliskira nchito gulu la Trump Organization nga ni nkhokwe ya mazina gha mabungwe gha adada ŵake.{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=250}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2005a|p=51}}{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=76}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2005a|p=51}}{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=52–53}}{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|pp=50–51}}{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=75}} Roy Cohn, uyo wakaŵa munthu wakuzirwa chomene kwa Trump kufuma apo adada ŵake ŵakafwira, ndiyo wakanozganga masuzgo gha Trump, wakaŵa loya, kweniso wakaŵa msambizgi wake[23] kwa vyaka 13 mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980. Cohn wakamusambizga Trump kuti umoyo ni malonda. 25] Mu 1973, Cohn wakawovwira Trump kuti wapeleke mulandu ku boma la U.S. kwa ndalama zakukwana $100 million (zakuyana na $659 million mu 2022) pa mulandu uwo boma ili likapeleka wakuti malo gha Trump ghakaŵa na sankho ku ŵanthu ŵafipa na awo ŵakakhalanga mwenemumo. Nkhani iyi yikamara na dango la boma ilo likazomerezga kuti ŵaleke kupatura ŵanthu, ndipo pati pajumpha vyaka vinayi, mbumba ya Trump yikaluta ku khoti chifukwa cha kuswa dango ili. Apo wakawovwiranga mulimo wa Trump, Cohn wakaŵa mulaŵiliri wa katundu uyo wakaŵa na ŵabwezi ŵa mu gulu la Mafia ilo likalongozganga mawupu gha vyakuzenga. Mu 1979, Cohn wakalongosolera Trump Roger Stone, uyo wakaŵa mulaŵiliri wa vya ndyali, ndipo Trump wakalemba ntchito Stone kuti wazakamovwire pa nkhani za ndyali. Trump wakawonanga kuti wakutemwa kuzenga mulandu, kwambura kupwelerako ivyo vingacitika; nanga ni para watondeka, wakalongosoranga kuti wawina mulandu. Pakati pa 1991 na 2009, Trump wakapempha boma kuti liŵavikilire ku vimbundi pa bizinesi yake yinkhondi na yimoza: ya Plaza Hotel ku Manhattan, ya makasino ku Atlantic City, New Jersey, na kampani ya Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts. Mu 1992 na 1994, Trump, wakagwira nchito na ŵabali ŵake ŵanandi, ndipo wakapangiska kampani ya shell kuti yilute na kulipira ŵamalonda awo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito nyumba za Trump, na kulipira ndalama izo ku Trump Management na ndalama zinandi; ndalama izo zikakwera zikagwiliskirika nchito kuti boma lizomerezge kuti likwezge ndalama za nyumba zake. Padera pa kukwezga renti, ndalama izi zikapelekeka ku ŵana na mphuvya za Fred na kuchepeskako msonkho.<ref name="Tax_Schemes">{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |author-link1=David Barstow |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |author-link3=Russ Buettner |date=October 2, 2018 |title=Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html |access-date=October 2, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Ku Manhattan na ku Chicago ==== [[File:Donald Trump with model of Television City.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Mu 1985 wali na cithuzithuzi ca mulimo wake wa ku Manhattan uwo ukamara<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Handy |first=Bruce |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/04/trump-tower-real-estate-projects/583243/ |title=Trump Once Proposed Building a Castle on Madison Avenue |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |date=April 1, 2019 |access-date=July 28, 2024}}</ref>|alt=Donald Trump, in a black suit and red tie, standing in from of a model of Manhattan development projects]] Mu 1978, Trump wakamba kumanyikwa na ŵanthu apo wakambiska bizinesi ya mbumba yake ya ku Manhattan, iyo yikaŵa yakunozga Commodore Hotel, iyo yikaŵa pafupi na Grand Central Terminal. Ŵakacita nthena cifukwa cakuti adada ŵake ŵakamupelekezga ndalama zakukwana madola 400 miliyoni za msonkho wa katundu wa mu msumba uwu. Ŵakaŵasazgirako ndalama zakukwana madola 70 miliyoni za ngongole ya kuzenga. Mu 1980, ŵakajura hotelo iyi na kuyichema kuti Grand Hyatt Hotel, ndipo mu chaka chenechichi, ŵakazomerezgeka kuzenga Trump Tower, iyo yikaŵa nyumba yapachanya ku Midtown Manhattan. Nyumba iyi ndiyo yikaŵa likuru la Trump Corporation na komiti ya Trump ya political action committee (PAC) ndipo yikaŵa nyumba ya Trump mpaka mu 2019. Mu 1988, Trump wakagura hotelo ya Plaza na ngongoli kufuma ku mabanki 16. Mu 1992, hotelo iyi yikachita ukaboni wakuti yikwenda makora yayi, ndipo pamanyuma pa mwezi umoza, yikapangaso pulani yakuti yikhazikiskikeso, ndipo mabanki ghakamba kuwusa hotelo iyi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's Plaza Hotel Bankruptcy Plan Approved |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 12, 1992 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/12/business/company-news-trump-s-plaza-hotel-bankruptcy-plan-approved.html |agency=[[Reuters]] |access-date=May 24, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Kessler |author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |title=Trump's false claim he built his empire with a 'small loan' from his father |date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/03/03/trumps-false-claim-he-built-his-empire-with-a-small-loan-from-his-father |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=x2jUDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA84 84]}}<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Expanding Empire of Donald Trump |date=April 8, 1984 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |first=William E. |last=Geist |author-link=Bill Geist |magazine=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/08/magazine/the-expanding-empire-of-donald-trump.html |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/04/business/company-news-trump-revises-plaza-loan.html |title=Trump Revises Plaza Loan |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 4, 1992 |access-date=May 23, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 1995, Trump wakaleka kulipira ngongoli ya madola 3 biliyoni gha ku banki, ndipo awo ŵakamupa ngongoli ŵakakora hotelo ya Plaza pamoza na katundu wake munyake mu ndondomeko ya "kuwezgeramo vinthu mu nyumba" iyo yikawovwira kuti waleke kuŵa na ndalama zinandi. Ntchito yikuru ya Trump yikaŵa ya kuzenga nyumba ya Trump International Hotel and Tower iyo yikaŵa na nyumba zakudikanya 92. Nyumba iyi yikajulika mu 2008. Mu 2024, nyuzipepara ya The New York Times na ProPublica zikayowoya kuti ofesi ya Internal Revenue Service yikakhumbanga kumanya usange wakaleka kuzenga nyumba iyo wakawona kuti njambura kuzirwa.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kiel |first1=Paul |last2=Buettner |first2=Russ |author-link2=Russ Buettner |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-irs-audit-chicago-hotel-taxes |title=IRS Audit of Trump Could Cost Former President More Than $100 Million |work=[[ProPublica]] |date=May 11, 2024 |access-date=August 26, 2024}}</ref> ==== Makasino gha mu Atlantic City ==== [[File:Trump Taj Mahal, 2007.jpg|thumb|alt=The entrance of the Trump Taj Mahal, a casino in Atlantic City. It has motifs evocative of the Taj Mahal in India.|Malo ghakunjilira ku Trump Taj Mahal (lero ni Hard Rock Hotel & Casino) ku Atlantic City, New Jersey.]] Mu 1984, Trump wakajura Harrah's pa Trump Plaza, hotelo na kasino, na ndalama na wovwiri wa wupu wa Holiday Corporation. Vinthu vikamwendera makora yayi, ndipo wakalipira Holiday madola 70 miliyoni mu Meyi 1986 kuti ndiyo waŵe na mazaza ghose. Mu 1985, wakagura hotelo ya Atlantic City Hilton iyo yikaŵa kuti yindajure na kuyithya zina lakuti Trump's Castle. Mu 1988, Trump wakagura malo ghachitatu mu Atlantic City, Trump Taj Mahal. Yikasangika na ndalama zakukwana madola 675 miliyoni ndipo yikamara kuzengeka na ndalama zakukwana madola 1.1 biliyoni, ndipo yikajulika mu Epulero 1990. Mu 1991, wakapempha boma kuti limovwire. Mwakuyana na ivyo vyayowoyeka mu phangano ili, Trump wakaleka hafu ya katundu wake ndipo wakalayizga kuti vinthu viŵenge makora munthazi. Kuti wachepeske ngongoli yake ya madola 900 miliyoni, wakaguliska kampani ya ndege ya Trump Shuttle; boti lake likuru, la Trump Princess, ilo wakalipeleka ku makasino ghake na kuliguliska ku malo ghanyake; na mabizinesi ghanyake. Mu 1995, Trump wakambiska Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts (THCR), iyo yikamba kuŵa na Trump Plaza. THCR yikagura nyumba ya Taj Mahal na Trump Castle mu 1996 ndipo yikamba kuswa ndalama mu 2004 na mu 2009, ndipo yikamuleka na 10 peresenti. Wakalutilira kuŵa mulongozgi wa gulu ili mpaka mu 2009.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://fortune.com/2016/03/10/trump-hotel-casinos-pay-failure/ |title=How Donald Trump Made Millions Off His Biggest Business Failure |last=Tully |first=Shawn |author-link=Shawn Tully |date=March 10, 2016 |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |access-date=May 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Saxon |first=Wolfgang |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/28/nyregion/trump-buys-hilton-s-hotel-in-atlantic-city.html |title=Trump Buys Hilton's Hotel in Atlantic City |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 28, 1986 |access-date=May 25, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=351}} ====Mawupu gha Gofu==== Mu 1985, Trump wakagura nyumba ya Mar-a-Lago ku Palm Beach, Florida. Mu 1995, wakasintha malo agha na kughamba kuŵa gulu la ŵanthu ŵake na kulipira ndalama zakukwana chaka chilichose. Trump wakalutilira kugwiliskira nchito cipinda cinyake ca nyumba iyo kuŵa cikaya cake. Wakapharazga kuti club iyi ndiyo yikwenera kuŵa nyumba yake mu 2019. Mu 1999, Trump wakamba kuzenga na kugura malo gha gofu, ndipo mu 2016 wakaŵa na malo 17 pa charu chose.<ref>{{cite news |last=Garcia |first=Ahiza |date=December 29, 2016 |title=Trump's 17 golf courses teed up: Everything you need to know |url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/29/news/donald-trump-golf-courses/ |access-date=December 15, 2025 |work=[[CNN Business]]}}</ref> === Kupeleka License ya Zina la Trump === {{see also|List of things named after Donald Trump}} Gulu la Trump kanandi likagaŵanga mazina gha Trump pa vinthu ivyo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito, nga ni vyakurya, vyakuvwara, masambiro, na vinthu vya mu nyumba. Wakapangana na makampani ghakujumpha 50 kuti ghapike mapenshoni, ndipo ghakapanga ndalama zakukwana madola 59 miliyoni. Kuzakafika mu 2018, makampani ghaŵiri pera agho ghakupanga katundu wakukhumbikwa ndiwo ghakalutilira kupeleka zina la Trump. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, wakapanga nyumba zinandi. Vinthu 40 ivyo wakapharazga vikamara yayi.{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|p=410}} === Ntchito zinyake === {{see also|Donald Trump and American football}} [[File:Donald Trump and Doug Flutie at a press conference in the Trump Tower.jpg|thumb|left|1985 New Jersey Generals msonkhano wa ŵatolamakani ku Trump Tower|alt=Trump, Doug Flutie, and New Jersey Generals head coach Walt Michaels standing behind a lectern with big, round New Jersey Generals sign, with members of the press seated in the background]] Mu 1970, Trump wakasunga ndalama zakukwana $70,000 za adada ŵake kuti wapokere ndalama zakucitira cinthu cinyake pa Broadway, kweni ndalama izi zikamumara. Wati wagura timu ya New York Mets na ya Cleveland Indians, mu 1983 wakagura ya New Jersey Generals, iyo yikaŵa ya United States Football League. Mpikisanowo unatha pambuyo pa nyengo ya 1985, makamaka chifukwa cha kuyesa kwake kusamukira ku ndondomeko ya kugwa (pamene iyo ikanakhala ikupikisana ndi National Football League kwa omvera) ndi kuyesa kwake kukakamiza kugwirizana ndi NFL mwa kubweretsa chovala chotsutsa. Mu 1989 na 1990, wakalemba zina lake pa Tour de Trump, mu chiyezgo cha ku America kuti wapangiske viphalizgano vya ku Europe nga ni Tour de France panji Giro d'Italia. Kufuma mu 1986 kufika mu 1988, wakagura masheya ghanandi mu makampani ghakupambanapambana agho ghakaŵa pa malo ghakupambanapambana, ndipo wakaguliska masheya agha kuti wasangepo phindu. Nyuzipepara ya The New York Times yikati, pakwamba wakapanga ndalama zinandi comene mu malonda gha malonda agha, kweni "wakazitaya zose para ŵamalonda ŵaleka kughanaghanira ivyo wakayowoya"..<ref name="Buettner-190508">{{cite news |last1=Buettner |first1=Russ |author-link1=Russ Buettner |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |date=May 7, 2019 |title=Decade in the Red: Trump Tax Figures Show Over $1 Billion in Business Losses |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/05/07/us/politics/donald-trump-taxes.html |access-date=May 8, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref>[[File:Donald Trump star Hollywood Walk of Fame.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]|alt=A red star with a bronze outline and "Donald Trump" and a TV icon written on it in bronze, embedded in a black terrazzo sidewalk]] Mu 1988, Trump wakagura ndege ya Eastern Air Lines Shuttle, na ndalama zakukwana $380 miliyoni (kuyana na $0.94 biliyoni mu 2022) mu ngongole kufuma ku mabanki 22. Wakasintha zina la ndege iyi kuŵa Trump Shuttle ndipo wakayigwiranga m'paka mu 1992. Mu 1991, wakaleka kulipira ngongoli zake, ndipo mabanki ghakamba kumuguliska. Mu 1996, wakagura viphikiro vya Miss Universe, kusazgapo Miss USA na Miss Teen USA. Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi CBS pa ndondomeko, iye anatenga awiri okongola ku NBC mu 2002. Mu 2007, wakapokera nyenyezi pa Hollywood Walk of Fame chifukwa cha ntchito yake ya kupanga Miss Universe. NBC na Univision ŵakaleka kupokelera vipharazgo ivi mu Juni 2015 chifukwa cha ivyo wakayowoya vyakukhwaskana na ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Mexico.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2015/06/29/nbc-dumps-trump/29471971/ |title=NBC to Donald Trump: You're fired |work=[[USA Today]] |first=Maria |last=Puente |date=June 29, 2015 |access-date=July 28, 2015}}</ref> ==== Yunivesite ya Trump ==== IMu 2005, Trump wakambiska Trump University, kampani iyo yikaguliskanga masemina gha malonda gha malo ghakukwana $35,000. Ŵalara ŵa boma la New York ŵakati ŵaphalira kampani iyi kuti yikupambana na malango gha boma pakuzunura "yunivesite" chifukwa yikaŵa sukulu yayi, mu 2010 ŵakasintha zina la kampani iyi kuŵa Trump Entrepreneur Initiative. Mu 2013, boma la New York likadumura mulandu wa madola 40 miliyoni ku Trump University, likati kampani iyi yikapeleka mauthenga ghautesi na kupusika ŵanthu. Mwakusazgirapo, milandu yiŵiri yikadumulika mu khoti la boma kwimikana na iyo na makampani ghake. Mabuku gha mukati ghakulongora kuti ŵantchito ŵakaphalirika kuti ŵagwirenge nchito mwakusuzga, ndipo awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu yunivesite iyi ŵakayowoya kuti Trump University yikapusika panji kupusika ŵasambiri ŵake. Wati wawina masankho gha 2016, wakazomera kupeleka ndalama zakukwana $25 miliyoni kuti milandu yitatu iyi yimare.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/19/us/politics/trump-university.html |title=Donald Trump Agrees to Pay $25 Million in Trump University Settlement |last=Eder |first=Steve |date=November 18, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 18, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ===Mawupu ghamu mizi=== {{main|Donald J. Trump Foundation}} Zina lake ni Donald J. Wupu wa Trump ukaŵanga wupu waŵene uwo ukakhazikiskika mu 1988. Kufuma mu 1987 m'paka 2006, Trump wakapeleka ndalama zakukwana $5.4 miliyoni ku wupu wake, ndipo ndalama izi zikaŵa kuti zagwira kale ntchito mu 2006. Wakati wapeleka ndalama zakukwana $65,000 mu 2007 ⁇ 2008, wakaleka kupeleka ndalama zake ku gulu ili, ilo likapokera ndalama zinandi kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵanyake, kusazgapo $5 million kufuma kwa Vince McMahon. Wupu uwu ukapelekanga ndalama ku mawupu gha vyaumoyo na maseŵero, mawupu gha ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa vyakusanguluska, na mawupu agho ghakachitanga viphikiro mu nyumba za Trump. Mu 2016, nyuzipepara ya The Washington Post yikati gulu ili likachita vinthu vyakupambanapambana pa nkhani ya malango, kusazgapo kuguliska katundu na kuleka kupeleka msonkho. Kweniso mu chaka cha 2016, loya mukuru wa boma la New York wakayowoya kuti wupu uwu waswa malango gha boma pakulomba vyawanangwa kwambula kujilambika ku kafukufuku wa pachaka ndipo wakalangula kuti wupu uwu uleke ntchito zawo zakusonkha ndalama ku New York nyengo yeneyiyo. 6] Mu Disembala 2016, Trump wakayowoya kuti wupu uwu uzamumalizgika, kweni wakazomerezgeka yayi. Mu Juni 2018, ofesi ya loya mukuru wa boma la New York yikanjizga mulandu wa civil against the foundation, Trump, and his adult children, kupenja $2.8 million mu restitution and additional penalties. Mu Disembala 2018, wupu uwu ukaleka kugwira nchito na kupeleka ndalama zake ku wupu unyake. Mu Novembala wa 2019, jaji wa boma la New York wakalangura Trump kuti wapeleke $2 miliyoni ku gulu la ŵanthu ŵakupeleka wovwiri cifukwa ca kugwiliskira nchito uheni ndalama za m'bungwe ili, kuti wapeleke ndalama zakwendeskera kampeni yake.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/trump-foundation-ordered-pay-2m-collection-nonprofits-part/story?id=66827235 |title=President Donald Trump ordered to pay $2M to collection of nonprofits as part of civil lawsuit |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=November 7, 2019 |access-date=November 7, 2019 |first=Aaron |last=Katersky |author-link=Aaron Katersky}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango na za banki === {{main|Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump}} Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu makhoti gha mu vyaru na gha mu vyaru vinyake, ivyo vikalembeka na USA Today mu 2018, Trump na mabizinesi ghake ŵakakakika mu milandu yakujumpha 4,000. Nangauli Trump wandayowoyepo kuti wali na suzgo la ndalama, kweni bizinesi yake ya hotelo na kasino ku Atlantic City na New York, iyo yikaguliskanga ndalama zinandi, yikayowoyerathu kuti yili na suzgo la ndalama maulendo 6 kufuma mu 1991 kufika mu 2009. Banki iyi yikalutilira kugwira nchito apo banki yikanozga ngongoli na kuchepeska katundu wake mu nyumba izi. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1980, mabanki ghakujumpha 70 ghakapeleka ndalama kwa Trump zakukwana madola 4 biliyoni. Mu ma 1990, mabungwe ghakurughakuru gha banki ghakaleka kumupa ndalama, kupaturako Deutsche Bank. Pamanyuma pa kupanikizgika kwa nyumba ya Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, Deutsche Bank nayo yikasankha kuti yileke kucita nayo bizinesi panji kampani yake munthazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Riley |first1=Charles |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |title=Deutsche Bank won't do any more business with Trump |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/12/investing/deutsche-bank-trump/ |access-date=September 14, 2022 |work=[[CNN]] |date=January 12, 2021}}</ref> ==Ntchito ya pa mawayilesi na vyachisangulusko== {{main|Media career of Donald Trump}} Trump wali kulemba [[Bibliography of Donald Trump|mabuku 19 pasi pa zina lake]], ghanandi ghake ghakalembeka panji kulembeka pamoza na [[ghostwriters]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-books-tweet-ghostwriter-tim-o-brien-tony-schwartz-writer-response-a8431271.html |title=Trump boasted about writing many books – his ghostwriter says otherwise |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |first=Andrew |last=Buncombe |date=July 4, 2018 |access-date=October 11, 2020}}</ref> Buku lake lakwamba, la 1987 lakuti ''[[The Art of the Deal|Art of the Deal]]'', likalembeka na [[Tony Schwartz (author)|Tony Schwartz]], uyo wakulongosoreka kuti wakaŵa mulembi munyake wa buku ili. Buku ili likaŵa pa [[The New York Times Best Seller list|mndandanda wa ''New York Times'' Best Seller]] ndipo likamupangiska Trump kumanyika chomene kuwaro kwa New York nga ni munthu musambazi kweniso wakuchita makora bizinesi.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/07/25/donald-trumps-ghostwriter-tells-all |title=Donald Trump's Ghostwriter Tells All |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |first=Jane |last=Mayer |author-link=Jane Mayer |date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=June 19, 2017}}</ref> Trump wakawoneka mu mafilimu ghanandi kweniso mu mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ya kanema kufuma mu 1985 mpaka 2001.<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Adrienne |last=LaFrance |author-link=Adrienne LaFrance |title=Three Decades of Donald Trump Film and TV Cameos |date=December 21, 2015 |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/12/three-decades-of-donald-trump-film-and-tv-cameos/421257/}}</ref> Trump wakasambira umo wakachitiranga ndyali kufuma ku [[professional wrestling]]. Kwambira kumapeto kwa m'ma 1980, nyengo zinyake wakachitanga ngati ndiyo mweneuyo pa vyakuchitika vya [[WWE]], nga ni bwana musambazi chomene, kusazgapo [[WrestleMania 23]] mu 2007.{{sfn|Gaufman|Ganesh|2024|pp=69–70}}{{sfn|O'Brien|2020|p=42}} Kwambira m'ma 1990, Trump wakawonekera kaŵiri na kanayi (24) nga ni mulendo pa pulogiramu ya ''[[Howard Stern Show]]'' iyo yikafikanga charu chose.{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=x2jUDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA166 166]}} Wakaŵaso na pulogiramu yake yifupi ya wayilesi yakudumbiskana, ''[[Trumped!]]'', kufuma mu 2004 mpaka 2008.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Massie |first1=Christopher |last2=Kaczynski |first2=Andrew |author-link2=Andrew Kaczynski |title=There Are Hours Of Audio Of Donald Trump's Nationally Syndicated Radio Show In The 2000s |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/christophermassie/theres-hours-of-audio-of-donald-trumps-nationally-syndicated |work=[[BuzzFeed]] |access-date=December 6, 2024 |date=March 16, 2016}}</ref> Kufuma mu 2011 mpaka 2015, wakaŵa mlendo wakuyowoyapo ndemanga pa ''[[Fox & Friends]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Grossmann |first1=Matt |last2=Hopkins |first2=David A. |title=How the conservative media is taking over the Republican Party |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/09/09/how-the-conservative-media-is-taking-over-the-republican-party/ |access-date=October 19, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=September 9, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 2021, Trump, uyo wakaŵa membala wa [[SAG-AFTRA]] kufuma mu 1989, wakafumamo mu wupu uwu kuti waleke kuwoneka pa mphara ya chilango yakukhwaskana na kuwukira kwa pa Janyuwale 6; mazuŵa ghaŵiri ghakati ghajumphapo, wupu uwu ukamukanizga kwamuyirayira kuŵaso membala.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Harmata |first=Claudia |url=https://people.com/tv/sag-aftra-bans-donald-trump-future-readmission/ |title=Donald Trump Banned from Future Re-Admission to SAG-AFTRA: It's 'More Than a Symbolic Step' |magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]] |date=February 7, 2021 |access-date=February 8, 2021}}</ref> Wakupanga mapulogiramu gha pa wayilesi ya kanema [[Mark Burnett]] wakapangiska Trump kuŵa nyenyezi ya pa wayilesi ya kanema{{sfn|Buettner|Craig|2024|p=7}} apo wakalenga pulogiramu ya [[The Apprentice (American TV series)|''The Apprentice'']], iyo Trump wakalongozganga kufuma mu 2004 mpaka 2015 (kusazgapo mtundu unyake wa ''[[The Celebrity Apprentice|The Celebrity Apprentice]]''). Mu mapulogiramu agha, wakawonekanga nga ni mulara mukuru musambazi chomene wa kampani uyo wakafumiskanga ŵakwimilira pa mpikisano na [[mazgu ghakumanyikwa]] ghakuti "wamazga ntchito". ''The New York Times'' yikachema umo wakajilongosoleranga kuti "nthowa yakumuthamikira chomene kweniso yakunozga nkhani mwakupambaniska na unenesko" ya iyomwene.<ref name="show">{{cite news |last1=Grynbaum |first1=Michael M. |last2=Parker |first2=Ashley |author-link2=Ashley Parker |date=July 16, 2016 |title=Donald Trump the Political Showman, Born on 'The Apprentice' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/17/business/media/donald-trump-apprentice.html |access-date=July 8, 2018 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mapulogiramu agha ghakasintha umo ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanandi mu charu chose cha United States ŵakamuwoneleranga Trump.<ref name="show"/><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Nussbaum |first=Emily |author-link=Emily Nussbaum |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/07/31/the-tv-that-created-donald-trump |title=The TV That Created Donald Trump |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=July 24, 2017 |access-date=October 18, 2023}}</ref> Kwendeskera pamoza na mapangano ghakuzomerezga kugwiliskira ntchito zina lake na malonda ghake, wakasangapo ndalama zakujumpha US$400 miliyoni.<ref>{{cite news |last=Poniewozik |first=James |author-link=James Poniewozik |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/28/arts/television/trump-taxes-apprentice.html |title=Donald Trump Was the Real Winner of 'The Apprentice' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 28, 2020 |access-date=October 18, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> == Kukhumba kunjira mu ndyali pakwamba == {{further|[[Ntchito ya ndyali ya Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump speaking at CPAC 2011 by Mark Taylor.jpg|thumb|Kuyowoya pa [[Conservative Political Action Conference|CPAC]], Febuluwale 2011|alt=Trump, leaning heavily onto a lectern, with his mouth open mid-speech and a woman clapping next to him]] Trump wakalembeska kuti ni wa chipani cha [[Republican Party|Republican]] mu Queens mu 1969 ndipo ku Manhattan mu 1987;{{sfn|Barrett|2016|p=75}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Gillin |first=Joshua |date=August 24, 2015 |title=Bush says Trump was a Democrat longer than a Republican 'in the last decade' |url=https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2015/aug/24/jeb-bush/bush-says-trump-was-democrat-longer-republican-las/ |access-date=September 23, 2025 |work=[[PolitiFact]]}}</ref> wakaŵa membala wa [[Independence Party of New York|Chipani cha Independence cha New York]], nthambi ya boma la New York ya [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]], mu 1999; wa [[Democratic Party (United States)|Chipani cha Democratic]] mu 2001; Republican mu 2009; [[Independent politician|wambura chipani]] mu 2011; ndipo Republican mu 2012.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hall |first=Amy |title=Donald Trump was once a registered Democrat and party donor. So why did he jump ship? |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/donald-trump-was-once-a-registered-democrat-and-party-donor-why-did-he-jump-ship/wj85mj5yq |website=[[SBS News]] |access-date=March 29, 2025 |date=July 25, 2024}}</ref> Mu 1987, Trump wakafumiska malonda gha ukuru wa peji yose mu manyuzipepara ghakuru,<ref name="hint">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/02/nyregion/trump-gives-a-vague-hint-of-candidacy.html |title=Trump Gives a Vague Hint of Candidacy |work=[[The New York Times]] |first=Michael |last=Oreskes |author-link=Michael Oreskes |date=September 2, 1987 |access-date=February 17, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakalongosoranga maghanoghano ghake pa ndyali za vyaru vinyake kweniso umo wangamalira kusoŵeka kwa ndalama mu bajeti ya boma la federal.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/18/us/trump-urged-to-head-gala-of-democrats.html |title=Trump Urged To Head Gala Of Democrats |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 18, 1987 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |first=Fox |last=Butterfield |author-link=Fox Butterfield |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu 1988, wakaluta kwa [[Lee Atwater]], wakamupempha kuti wamughanaghanire kuŵa wanyake wakwimilira pamoza na munthu wakwimira chipani cha Republican, [[George H. W. Bush]]. Bush wakati pempho ili "likaŵa lachilendo kweniso lakusuzga kugomezga".{{sfn|Meacham|2016|p=326}}<ref>{{cite news |title=George W. Bush 'surprised' by dad's criticism, author says |last=Gass |first=Nick |date=November 6, 2015 |access-date=December 20, 2024 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/george-w-bush-father-book-215588 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Trump [[Donald Trump 2000 presidential campaign|wakaŵa wakwimilira]] pa [[2000 Reform Party presidential primaries|ma primaries gha purezidenti gha Reform Party gha 2000]] kwa myezi yitatu pambere wandafumemo mu Febuluwale 2000.<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Winger |author-link=Richard Winger |title=Donald Trump Ran For President in 2000 in Several Reform Party Presidential Primaries |date=December 25, 2011 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |website=[[Ballot Access News]] |url=https://ballot-access.org/2011/12/25/donald-trump-ran-for-president-in-2000-in-several-reform-party-presidential-primaries/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Clift |first=Eleanor |author-link=Eleanor Clift |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-last-time-trump-wrecked-a-party |title=The Last Time Trump Wrecked a Party |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=October 14, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/021400wh-ref-trump.html |title=Reform Bid Said to Be a No-Go for Trump |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 14, 2000 |access-date=December 26, 2020 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu 2011, Trump wakaghanaghananga kupikisana na Pulezidenti [[Barack Obama]] pa [[2012 United States presidential election|chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2012]]. Wakayowoya pa [[Conservative Political Action Conference]] mu Febuluwale ndipo wakayowoya nkhani mu vigaŵa ivyo vikachitanga ma primaries ghakwambilira.<ref name="McA">{{cite news |last=MacAskill |first=Ewen |author-link=Ewen MacAskill |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/16/donald-trump-us-presidential-race |title=Donald Trump bows out of 2012 US presidential election race |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 16, 2011 |access-date=February 28, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bobic |first1=Igor |last2=Stein |first2=Sam |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-cpac_n_58adc0f4e4b03d80af7141cf |title=How CPAC Helped Launch Donald Trump's Political Career |work=[[HuffPost]] |date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=February 28, 2020}}</ref> Mu Meyi 2011, wakapharazga kuti wazamupikisana yayi.<ref name="McA"/> == Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2016 == {{main|[[2016 United States presidential election|Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2016]]}} {{further|[[Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign|Ndondomeko ya kampeni ya Donald Trump ya 2016]]|[[2016 Republican Party presidential primaries|Ma primaries gha pulezidenti gha Republican gha 2016]]|[[First presidential transition of Donald Trump|Kusintha kwa boma lakwamba la Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump by Gage Skidmore 5.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Trump speaking in front of an American flag behind a lectern, wearing a black business suit and a bright red "MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN" baseball cap. The lectern sports a blue "TRUMP" sign.|Kuchita kampeni ku Arizona, Malichi 2016]] Trump wakapharazga kuti wapikisanenge pa chisankho cha 2016 mu Juni 2015.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lerner |first=Adam B. |author-link=Adam B. Lerner |date=June 16, 2015 |title=The 10 best lines from Donald Trump's announcement speech |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2015/06/donald-trump-2016-announcement-10-best-lines-119066 |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Graham |first=David A. |date=May 13, 2016 |title=The Lie of Trump's 'Self-Funding' Campaign |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/05/trumps-self-funding-lie/482691/ |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Wakagwiliskiranga ntchito mazgu gha kampeni ghakuti "[[Make America Great Again|Pangaso America Kuŵa Yikuru]]", agho wakalembeska nga ni chizindikiro cha malonda mu 2012,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Wilson |first=Chris |url=https://time.com/5084673/donald-trump-make-america-great-again-trademark/ |title='Make America High Again' and 279 Other Ways People Are Ripping Off Trump's Campaign Slogan |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=January 8, 2018 |access-date=April 13, 2026}}</ref> ndipo wakachita kampeni nga ni mubizinesi musambazi, wakachita makora, kweniso munthu uyo wakaŵavya vinandi vya ndyali,<ref>{{cite news |last=Terris |first=Ben |title=Donald Trump begins 2016 bid, citing his outsider status |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/donald-trump-is-now-a-candidate-for-president-of-the-united-states/2015/06/16/5e6d738e-1441-11e5-9ddc-e3353542100c_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 16, 2015 |access-date=April 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 19, 2015 |title=Outsider Sentiment Leaves Its Mark on 2016 Races (Poll) |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/outsider-sentiment-leaves-mark-2016-races-poll/story?id=35850546 |access-date=April 26, 2025 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Newport |first1=Frank |last2=Saad |first2=Lydia |title=Trump Support Built on Outsider Status, Business Experience |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/189773/trump-support-built-outsider-status-business-experience.aspx |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]] |date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=April 26, 2025}}</ref> ndipo wakatenge ŵakumupuskira nkhani ŵakaŵa na [[kukondera kwa vyakupharazga nkhani]] pa iyo.<ref>{{cite news |first=Kenneth T. |last=Walsh |author-link=Kenneth T. Walsh |title=Trump: Media Is 'Dishonest and Corrupt' |date=August 15, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-15/trump-media-is-dishonest-and-corrupt}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/07/06/donald-trumps-failing-war-on-political-correctness/ |title=Donald Trump is waging war on political correctness. And he's losing. |first=Aaron |last=Blake |date=July 6, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu gha Trump pa kampeni kanandi ghakaŵanga ghambura kupulikikwa makora ndipo ghakalongosoranga vinthu mwakubisa;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/08/10/489476187/trump-s-second-amendment-comment-fit-a-pattern-of-ambiguous-speech |last=McCammon |first=Sarah |author-link=Sarah McCammon |title=Donald Trump's controversial speech often walks the line |work=[[NPR News]] |date=August 10, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021}}</ref> ndipo mautesi ghake ghakaŵa ghanandi kuluska kale.<ref name="whoppers">{{cite news |title=The 'King of Whoppers': Donald Trump |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2015/12/the-king-of-whoppers-donald-trump/ |work=[[FactCheck.org]] |access-date=March 4, 2019 |date=December 21, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2015/dec/21/2015-lie-year-donald-trump-campaign-misstatements/ |title=2015 Lie of the Year: the campaign misstatements of Donald Trump |work=[[PolitiFact]] |date=December 21, 2015 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |first1=Angie Drobnic |last1=Holan |author-link1=Angie Drobnic Holan |first2=Linda |last2=Qiu}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Farhi |title=Think Trump's wrong? Fact checkers can tell you how often. (Hint: A lot.) |date=February 26, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-existential-crisis-of-professional-factcheckers-in-the-year-of-trump/2016/02/25/e994f210-db3e-11e5-81ae-7491b9b9e7df_story.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2016 wakaŵa munthu wakulongozga pa chipani cha Republican,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=March 23, 2016 |title=Why Donald Trump is poised to win the nomination and lose the general election, in one poll |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/23/why-donald-trump-is-poised-to-win-the-nomination-and-lose-the-general-election-in-one-poll/ |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo mu Meyi wakapharazgika kuti ndiyo wakaŵa wakwimira chipani cha Republican pa chisankho.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ohlemacher |first=Stephen |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-north-dakota-campaign-2016-events-united-states-presidential-election-a382673514394788b45cfc109d0febe4 |title=Mister 1,237: North Dakota delegate puts Trump over the top |work=[[AP News]] |date=May 26, 2016 |access-date=January 28, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakalongosora kuti [[NATO]] "yikagwiraso ntchito yayi"<ref>{{cite news |first=Jenna |last=Johnson |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/04/12/trump-on-nato-i-said-it-was-obsolete-its-no-longer-obsolete/ |title=Trump on NATO: 'I said it was obsolete. It's no longer obsolete.' |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=April 12, 2017 |access-date=November 26, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Edwards|2018|loc="On the campaign trail, Trump repeatedly called North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 'obsolete'"}} ndipo wakalongora maghanoghano agho ''The Washington Post'' yikaghachema kuti gha [[kwambura kunjilirapo pa nkhondo za vyaru vinyake]] kweniso [[kukhwirizga malonda gha mu charu]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rucker |first1=Philip |author-link1=Philip Rucker |last2=Costa |first2=Robert |author-link2=Robert Costa (journalist) |date=March 21, 2016 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |title=Trump questions need for NATO, outlines noninterventionist foreign policy |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/03/21/donald-trump-reveals-foreign-policy-team-in-meeting-with-the-washington-post/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ndondomeko yake ya kampeni yikakhazikanga pa kukambiranaso [[Ubwezi wa pakati pa United States na China|ubwezi wa United States na China]] kweniso [[mapangano gha malonda ghambura msonkho]] nga ni [[North American Free Trade Agreement|NAFTA]], kweniso kukhozga chomene malango gha ŵanthu ŵakunjira mu charu. Maghanoghano ghanyake gha kampeni ghakasazgapo kupenja [[kujiyimira pawekha pa nkhani ya nkhongono]], nangauli wakasuskananga na malango ghakukhwaskana na kusintha kwa nyengo, kunozga [[Veterans Benefits Administration|mauteŵeti gha ŵasilikari ŵakupumura]], kumazga na kunozgaso [[Affordable Care Act]], kumazga fundo za masambiro za [[Common Core]], [[chitukuko cha zomangamanga|kuŵika ndalama mu zomangamanga]], kupusuza [[Internal Revenue Code|dango la misonkho]] apo wakachepeskanga misonkho, kweniso kuŵika [[msonkho wa katundu wakunjira mu charu|misonkho ya katundu]] pa vinthu vyakunjira mu charu ivyo vikapangika na makampani agho ghakasamuskira ntchito zawo kuwaro kwa United States. Wakakhumbanga kusazgirako ndalama za ŵasilikari kweniso kuchita kusanda mwankhongono panji kuŵakanizga ŵanthu ŵakufuma mu vyaru vya Chisilamu kunjira mu charu.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37982000 |title=Trump's promises before and after the election |date=September 19, 2017 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakalayizga kuzenga [[Lupupa lwa mphaka ya Mexico na United States|lupupa pa mphaka ya Mexico na United States]] ndipo wakalayizga kuti Mexico ndiyo wazamukulipira.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 6, 2017 |title=Donald Trump's Mexico wall: Who is going to pay for it? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37243269 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakalayizgaso kuchimbizga mamiliyoni gha [[Ŵalendo ŵambura mapepala mu United States|ŵalendo ŵambura mapepala awo ŵakakhalanga mu United States]],<ref>{{cite news |date=August 19, 2015 |title=Donald Trump emphasizes plans to build 'real' wall at Mexico border |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/donald-trump-emphasizes-plans-to-build-real-wall-at-mexico-border-1.3196807 |access-date=September 29, 2015 |work=[[CBC News]]}}</ref> ndipo wakasuska [[Ufulu wa kuŵa mwanarumi wa charu chifukwa cha kubabikira mu United States|ufumu wa kuŵa mwanarumi wa charu chifukwa cha kubabikira mu United States]], wakati uku ukupangiska kuŵa na "[[anchor babies|ŵana ŵakubabikira kuti ŵapoke wanarumi]]".<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Oh |first=Inae |date=August 19, 2015 |title=Donald Trump: The 14th Amendment is Unconstitutional |url=https://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/08/donald-trump-has-some-thoughts-about-the-constitution |access-date=November 22, 2015 |magazine=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]}}</ref> Kuyana na kusanda uko kukafuma mu ''[[Political Science Quarterly]]'', pa kampeni yake ya pa [[visola vya pulezidenti vya United States vya 2016|visola vya pulezidenti vya 2016]], Trump wakagwiliskira ntchito mazgu agho ghakawonekanga pakweru kuti ghakaŵa gha sankho la mtundu na gha kusankhana ŵanalume na ŵanakazi kuti wakope ŵavoti ŵatuŵa.{{sfn|Schaffner|Macwilliams|Nteta|2018|p=31}} Chomenechomene, mazgu ghake ghakwambilira gha kampeni ghakasuskika chifukwa chakuti wakati ŵalendo ŵa ku Mexico "ŵakwiza na munkhwala wakuzweteska, ŵakwiza na ubendezi, ŵakuchita chibundi";<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Z. Byron |date=April 6, 2018 |title=Trump basically called Mexicans rapists again |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/06/politics/trump-mexico-rapists/ |access-date=June 28, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> chifukwa cha ivi, NBC yikamufumiska pa ''[[The Celebrity Apprentice|Celebrity Apprentice]]''.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 13, 2015 |title=NBC officially fires Trump from 'Celebrity Apprentice' |url=https://apnews.com/article/cb81efbf341a40f6be98bb8c1933bcf4 |access-date=August 27, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> == Ulongozgi wakwamba (2017–2021) == {{main|[[Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump|Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump]]}} {{for timeline|[[Nyengo ya maulamuliro gha Donald Trump#Ulongozgi wakwamba (2017–2021)|Nyengo ya maulamuliro gha Donald Trump]]}} [[File:Donald Trump swearing in ceremony.jpg|thumb|alt=Trump, with his family watching, raises his right hand and places his left hand on the Bible as he takes the oath of office. Roberts stands opposite him administering the oath|Trump wakulapa [[Layizgo la ntchito ya pulezidenti wa United States|layizgo la ntchito ya pulezidenti]], ilo likalongozgeka na Mweruzgi Mukuru [[John Roberts]], pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2017]] Trump [[Kunjira mu udindo kwa Donald Trump kwakwamba|wakanjizgika mu udindo]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2017. Zuŵa lakulondezgapo, ŵanthu ŵakukwana pafupifupi 2.6 miliyoni pa charu chose chapasi, kusazgapo 500,000 ku Washington, D.C., ŵakachita viwoneskero vyakususkana nayo mu [[Women's March ya 2017|Women's Marches]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/01/21/womens-march-aims-start-movement-trump-inauguration/96864158/ |title=At 2.6 million strong, Women's Marches crush expectations |last1=Przybyla |first1=Heidi M. |last2=Schouten |first2=Fredreka |date=January 21, 2017 |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=January 22, 2017}}</ref> Mu masabata ghake ghaŵiri ghakwamba mu udindo, Trump wakasaina [[Mndandanda wa malango gha boma gha mu ulongozgi wakwamba wa Trump|malango gha boma]] 18, kusazgapo kuzomerezga nthowa zakumazgira Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"), kufumamo mu kudumbiskana kwa Trans-Pacific Partnership, kulutiska panthazi ma projekiti gha [[Keystone XL Pipeline|Keystone XL]] na [[Dakota Access Pipeline]], kweniso kunozgekera kuzenga lupupa pa mphaka ya United States na Mexico.<ref>{{cite news |last=Quigley |first=Aidan |title=All of Trump's executive actions so far |url=https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2017/01/all-trump-executive-actions-000288/ |access-date=January 28, 2017 |work=[[Politico]] |date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> === Kukwaskana kwa vyakukondweska vya munthu yekha === {{see also|[[Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump#Makhaliro|Ulongozgi wakwamba wa Donald Trump]]}} Trump wakalutilira kusanga phindu kufuma ku mabizinesi ghake pa nyengo ya ulongozgi wake wakwamba ndipo wakamanyanga umo ndondomeko za boma lake zikakhwaskiranga mabizinesi agha.<ref name="BBC041817">{{cite news |date=April 18, 2017 |title=Donald Trump: A list of potential conflicts of interest |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-38069298 |access-date=October 2, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Venook">{{cite news |last=Venook |first=Jeremy |title=Trump's Interests vs. America's, Dubai Edition |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/08/donald-trump-conflicts-of-interests/508382/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |date=August 9, 2017 |access-date=October 2, 2021}}</ref> Wakati wazamuchita yayi "mapangano ghaphya gha kuwaro kwa charu", kweni Trump Organization yikalutilira kusazgirako ntchito zake ku Scotland, Dubai na Dominican Republic.<ref name="BBC041817"/><ref name="Venook"/> Ŵakukopa boma, ŵalara ŵa maboma gha kuwaro, kweniso ŵakupa ndalama ku Trump na ŵabwezi ŵake ŵakamupangira ndalama zakukwana mazana ghanandi gha mamiliyoni gha madola pa malo ghake ghakupumulirako na mahotelo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stone |first=Peter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jul/19/donald-trump-businesses-hotels-conflict-of-interest |title=How Trump's businesses are booming with lobbyists, donors and governments |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=July 19, 2019 |access-date=November 20, 2024}}</ref> === Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu === {{main|[[Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu za boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko za mukati mwa charu za boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya vyachuma ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyachuma ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya vyachilengedwe ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyachilengedwe ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Ndondomeko ya umoyo wa ŵanthu ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya umoyo wa ŵanthu ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} Trump wakanjira mu udindo apo United States yikaŵa mu nyengo yitali chomene ya [[kukura kwa vyachuma]],<ref name=VanDam>{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Van Dam |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/01/08/trump-jobs-record/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |title=Trump will have the worst jobs record in modern U.S. history. It's not just the pandemic. |date=January 8, 2021 |access-date=October 2, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> iyo yikamba mu 2009 na kulutilira mpaka Febuluwale 2020 apo [[kusika kwa vyachuma chifukwa cha COVID-19]] kukamba.<ref>{{cite news |last=Smialek |first=Jeanna |date=June 8, 2020 |title=The U.S. Entered a Recession in February |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/08/business/economy/us-economy-recession-2020.html |access-date=June 10, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Disembala 2017, wakasaina [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017|Dango la Tax Cuts and Jobs Act la 2017]], ilo likachepeska misonkho ya mabizinesi na ya ŵanthu payekhapayekha, kweniso likamazga chilango chakukhwaskana na dango la [[Affordable Care Act]] lakuti munthu waliyose waŵe na inshuwalansi ya umoyo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Long |first=Heather |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/12/15/the-final-gop-tax-bill-is-complete-heres-what-is-in-it/ |title=The final GOP tax bill is complete. Here's what is in it. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 15, 2017 |access-date=July 31, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/12/15/us/politics/final-republican-tax-bill-cuts.html |title=What's in the Final Republican Tax Bill |work=[[The New York Times]] |first1=Wilson |last1=Andrews |first2=Alicia |last2=Parlapiano |date=December 15, 2017 |access-date=December 22, 2017 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu nyengo ya Trump, kusoŵeka kwa ndalama mu bajeti ya boma la federal kukakwera pafupifupi 50 peresenti, kufika pafupifupi US$1 thiriliyoni mu 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Long |first1=Heather |last2=Stein |first2=Jeff |author-link2=Jeff Stein (author) |title=The U.S. deficit hit $984 billion in 2019, soaring during Trump era |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/10/25/us-deficit-hit-billion-marking-nearly-percent-increase-during-trump-era/ |access-date=June 10, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 25, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Paumaliro wa nyengo yake mu udindo, [[ngongoli ya charu ya United States]] yikakwera na 39 peresenti kufika pa US$27.75 thiriliyoni, ndipo chiŵelengero cha ngongoli pakuyezga na GDP cha United States chikafika pachanya chomene kufuma pa nyengo ya Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya pa Charu Chose.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Allan |last1=Sloan |first2=Cezary |last2=Podkul |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/national-debt-trump |work=[[ProPublica]] |title=Donald Trump Built a National Debt So Big (Even Before the Pandemic) That It'll Weigh Down the Economy for Years |date=January 14, 2021 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Trump wakukana [[kumanyana kwa ŵasayansi pa kusintha kwa nyengo]].<ref> * {{cite news |first1=Ashley |last1=Parker |author-link1=Ashley Parker |first2=Coral |last2=Davenport |title=Donald Trump's Energy Plan: More Fossil Fuels and Fewer Rules |date=May 26, 2016 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/27/us/politics/donald-trump-global-warming-energy-policy.html |url-access=limited}} * {{cite news |first=Jason |last=Samenow |author-link=Jason Samenow |title=Donald Trump's unsettling nonsense on weather and climate |date=March 22, 2016 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/03/22/donald-trumps-unsettling-nonsense-on-weather-and-climate |url-access=limited}} * {{cite news |last1=Lemire |first1=Jonathan |author-link1=Jonathan Lemire |last2=Madhani |first2=Aamer |last3=Weissert |first3=Will |last4=Knickmeyer |first4=Ellen |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Trump spurns science on climate: 'Don't think science knows' |url=https://apnews.com/article/climate-climate-change-elections-joe-biden-campaigns-bd152cd786b58e45c61bebf2457f9930 |access-date=May 11, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}} * {{cite news |last1=Plumer |first1=Brad |last2=Davenport |first2=Coral |date=December 28, 2019 |title=Science Under Attack: How Trump Is Sidelining Researchers and Their Work |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/28/climate/trump-administration-war-on-science.html |access-date=May 11, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} </ref> Wakachepeska bajeti ya kafukufuku wa [[Nkhongono zakuweleraso ku United States#Kafukufuku wa nkhongono zakuweleraso|nkhongono zakuweleraso]] na 40 peresenti, ndipo wakawuskapo ndondomeko za nyengo ya Obama izo zikakhumbanga kuchepeska [[kusintha kwa nyengo]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump proposes cuts to climate and clean-energy programs |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/how-trump-is-changing-science-environment |date=May 3, 2019 |work=[[National Geographic Society]] |access-date=November 24, 2023}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[United States na Pangano la Paris|Pangano la Paris]], kupangiska United States kuŵa charu chimoza pera icho chikaŵa chindazomerezge pangano ili.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dennis |first=Brady |title=As Syria embraces Paris climate deal, it's the United States against the world |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/11/07/as-syria-embraces-paris-climate-deal-its-the-united-states-against-the-world |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 7, 2017 |access-date=May 28, 2018 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakakhumbanga, ndipo wachali kukhumba, kusazgirako kupanga na kutumiza kuwaro [[mafuta gha pansi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Gardner |first=Timothy |title=Senate confirms Brouillette, former Ford lobbyist, as energy secretary |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-energy-brouillette/senate-confirms-brouillette-former-ford-lobbyist-as-energy-secretary-idUSKBN1Y62E6 |access-date=December 15, 2019 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=December 3, 2019 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/mt-state-wire-climate-ap-top-news-climate-change-ca-state-wire-2b44ced0e892d7e988e40a486d875b5d |work=[[AP News]] |title=Trump's fossil fuel agenda gets pushback from federal judges |first=Matthew |last=Brown |date=September 15, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Kupanga gasi wachilengedwe kukakura mu nyengo ya Trump, kweni kupanga [[Kukumba malasha ku United States#Kupanga|malasha]] kukalutilira kuchepa.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lipton |first=Eric |author-link=Eric Lipton |date=October 5, 2020 |title='The Coal Industry Is Back,' Trump Proclaimed. It Wasn't. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/05/us/politics/trump-coal-industry.html |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name=Subramaniam>{{cite news |first=Tara |last=Subramaniam |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/30/politics/trump-broken-promises/ |title=From building the wall to bringing back coal: Some of Trump's more notable broken promises |work=[[CNN]] |date=January 30, 2021 |access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Wakawuskapo [[Rollback|malango gha boma]] ghakujumpha 100 agho ghakavikilira vyachilengedwe, kusazgapo agho ghakachepeskanga [[mpweya wakuwoneska kutentha]], kunangika kwa mphepo na [[kunangika kwa maji]], kweniso kugwiliskira ntchito vyakofya. Wakafoka nkhongono za malango ghakovwira vinyama na [[Environmental standard#United States|vyeruzgo vya vyachilengedwe]] pa ma projekiti gha boma, ndipo wakazomerezga malo ghanandi ghakukumbiramo mafuta na vinthu vya mu dongo, nga nkhuvwilira [[Arctic Refuge drilling controversy|kukumba mafuta mu Arctic Refuge]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Popovich |first1=Nadja |last2=Albeck-Ripka |first2=Livia |last3=Pierre-Louis |first3=Kendra |author-link3=Kendra Pierre-Louis |title=The Trump Administration Rolled Back More Than 100 Environmental Rules. Here's the Full List. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks-list.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 20, 2021 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu kuzgora ku [[Suzgo la munkhwala wa opioid ku United States|suzgo la munkhwala wa opioid]] ku United States, Trump wakasaina dango mu 2018 lakusazgirako ndalama zakovwira ŵanthu awo ŵakupokera wovwiri wakuleka munkhwala wakuzweteska, kweni wakasuskika chomene chifukwa chakuti wakatondeka kuŵika ndondomeko yakupulikikwa makora yakumazgira suzgo ili.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mann |first=Brian |date=October 29, 2020 |title=Opioid Crisis: Critics Say Trump Fumbled Response To Another Deadly Epidemic |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/29/927859091/opioid-crisis-critics-say-trump-fumbled-response-to-another-deadly-epidemic |access-date=December 13, 2020}}</ref> Wakakanizga mawupu agho ghakapelekanga vyakufumiska nthumbo panji kulongozga ŵanakazi uko ŵangakasanga vyakufumiska nthumbo kuti ghapokere ndalama za boma la federal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Abortion: How do Trump and Biden's policies compare? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2020-54003808 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=July 17, 2023 |date=September 9, 2020}}</ref> Boma lake likawuskapo vigaŵa vikuru vya ndondomeko za boma la Obama zakuvikilira ŵantchito ku [[kusankhana ŵanthu ŵa LGBT|kusankhana ŵanthu ŵa LGBTQ]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-advocates-say-trump-s-news-executive-order-makes-them-n740301 |title=LGBTQ Advocates Say Trump's New Executive Order Makes Them Vulnerable to Discrimination |work=[[NBC News]] |first=Mary Emily |last=O'Hara |date=March 30, 2017 |access-date=July 30, 2017}}</ref> Kuyezga kwake kwakuwuskapo malango ghakovwira ŵalwari ŵa [[ŵanthu ŵakusintha jenda|transgender]] ku kusankhana mu Ogasiti 2020 kukakanizgika na mweruzgi wa boma la federal pamanyuma pakuti Khoti Likuru likafiska ufulu wa ŵantchito kuŵa wakuvikilirika pa [[jenda]] na kaŵiro ka munthu ka kugonana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Luthi |first=Susannah |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/08/17/judge-trump-rollback-transgender-health-397332 |title=Judge halts Trump's rollback of transgender health protections |work=[[Politico]] |date=August 17, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2023}}</ref> Boma lake [[Ndondomeko ya chamba ya boma lakwamba la Trump|likasuskanga kugwiliskira ntchito chamba]], ndipo likawuskapo [[Cole Memorandum|ndondomeko za nyengo ya Obama]] izo zikavikiliranga maboma agho ghakazomerezga kugwiliskira ntchito chamba mwakwenelera.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bures |first=Brendan |date=February 21, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |title=Trump administration doubles down on anti-marijuana position |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/marijuana/sns-tft-trump-anti-marijuana-stance-20200221-jfdx4urbb5bhrf6ldtfpxleopi-story.html}}</ref> Trump ni wakwimilira chilango cha nyifwa kwa nyengo yitali,<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |title=Trump returns to the death penalty as Democrats turn against it |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/27/politics/death-penalty-trump-democrats/ |work=[[CNN]] |access-date=September 18, 2022 |date=July 27, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Honderich |first=Holly |title=In Trump's final days, a rush of federal executions |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55236260 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=January 16, 2021 |access-date=September 18, 2022}}</ref> ndipo boma lake likalongozga [[Chilango cha nyifwa na boma la federal la United States|boma la federal la United States]] pa kukoma ŵakayidi 13, chiŵelengero chikuru kuluska ŵose awo ŵakakomeka mu vyaka 56 ivyo vikajumpha, ndipo vikamazga nyengo ya vyaka 17 iyo chilango ichi chikachitikanga yayi.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Michael |last1=Tarm |first2=Michael |last2=Kunzelman |title=Trump administration carries out 13th and final execution |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-wildlife-coronavirus-pandemic-crime-terre-haute-28e44cc5c026dc16472751bbde0ead50 |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 15, 2021 |access-date=January 30, 2022}}</ref> === Kugowokera na kuchepeska chilango === {{further|[[Mndandanda wa ŵanthu awo ŵakapokera chigowokero cha pulezidenti mu ulongozgi wakwamba wa Trump]]}} Mu nyengo yake yakwamba mu udindo, Trump wakapeleka vigowokero 237, vichoko kuluska mapulezidenti wose kufuma mu 1900 kupatulako [[George H. W. Bush]] na [[George W. Bush]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Gramlich |first=John |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/01/22/trump-used-his-clemency-power-sparingly-despite-a-raft-of-late-pardons-and-commutations/ |title=Trump used his clemency power sparingly despite a raft of late pardons and commutations |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=January 22, 2021 |access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> Pa vigowokero ivi, 25 pera ndivyo vikawunikika na [[Office of the Pardon Attorney|Ofesi ya Loya wa Vigowokero]] ya Unduna wa vya Malango; vinyake vikapelekeka ku ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa na ubwezi wa munthu panji wa ndyali na iyo, mbumba yake, panji ŵabwezi ŵake, panji awo ŵakalimbikizgika na ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa.<ref name="road">{{cite news |last=Vogel |first=Kenneth P. |author-link=Kenneth P. Vogel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/27/us/politics/trump-pardons.html |title=The Road to Clemency From Trump Was Closed to Most Who Sought It |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 21, 2021 |access-date=July 23, 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="OloDaw">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-pardon-power-russia-probe-mueller/2020/12/24/c55000c8-45fd-11eb-b0e4-0f182923a025_story.html |date=December 24, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |title=Trump wields pardon power as political weapon, rewarding loyalists and undermining prosecutors |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first1=Toluse |last1=Olorunnipa |author-link1=Toluse Olorunnipa |first2=Josh |last2=Dawsey |author-link2=Josh Dawsey |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa zuŵa lake laumaliro lathunthu mu udindo, wakagowokera ŵanthu 73 ndipo wakachepeska vilango vya ŵanthu 70.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Kevin |last1=Johnson |first2=David |last2=Jackson |first3=Dennis |last3=Wagner |url=https://usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/01/19/donald-trump-pardons-steve-bannon-white-house/4209763001/ |title=Donald Trump grants clemency to 144 people (not himself or family members) in final hours |date=January 19, 2021 |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> Vigowokero vya ŵasilikari ŵatatu awo ŵakasangika na mulandu panji ŵakeneranga kweruzgika pa milandu ya nkhaza vikakanizgika na ŵalongozgi ŵa ŵasilikari.<ref>{{cite news |last=Phillips |first=Dave |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/15/us/trump-pardons.html |title=Trump Clears Three Service Members in War Crimes Cases |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 22, 2019 |access-date=April 18, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ndondomeko ya ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu === {{main|[[Ndondomeko ya ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} {{further|[[Suzgo la mphaka ya Mexico–United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)]]}} [[File:Texas Photo 1.jpg|thumb|Ŵana, mphasa zakugonapo na mabulangete gha foil mu chipinda cha waya, [[Ursula (detention center)|malo ghakusungiramo ŵanthu gha Ursula]], Juni 2018]] Nga ni pulezidenti, Trump wakalongosoranga kuti ŵanthu ŵakanjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka "ŵakunjira mwankhaza" mu United States<ref>{{cite news |last=Fritze |first=John |date=August 8, 2019 |title=A USA Today analysis found Trump used words like 'invasion' and 'killer' at rallies more than 500 times since 2017 |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/08/08/trump-immigrants-rhetoric-criticized-el-paso-dayton-shootings/1936742001/ |access-date=August 9, 2019 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> ndipo wakakhozga chomene kukhozga malango gha ŵanthu ŵakusamukira mu charu.{{sfn|Johnson|2017a}}{{sfn|Johnson|Cuison-Villazor|2019}} Wakakhazikiska ndondomeko zakukhora zakususkana na ŵanthu awo ŵakapenjanga malo ghakubisamamo chifukwa cha suzgo.{{sfn|Johnson|Cuison-Villazor|2019}} Wakatumizga [[Operation Faithful Patriot|ŵasilikari pafupifupi 6,000]] ku [[mphaka ya United States na Mexico]] kuti ŵakanizge ŵanthu ŵakunjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mitchell |first=Ellen |date=January 29, 2019 |title=Pentagon to send a 'few thousand' more troops to southern border |url=https://thehill.com/policy/defense/427519-pentagon-to-send-a-few-thousand-more-troops-to-southern-border |access-date=June 4, 2020 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Wakachepeska chomene chiŵelengero cha [[United States Refugee Admissions Program|ŵachimbizi awo ŵakazomerezgekanga]] kunjira mu charu, kufuma pa mphaka wa 110,000 pa chaka pambere wandanjire mu udindo kufika pa 15,000 mu 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kanno-Youngs |first1=Zolan |author-link1=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |last2=Shear |first2=Michael D. |author-link2=Michael D. Shear |date=October 1, 2020 |title=Trump Virtually Cuts Off Refugees as He Unleashes a Tirade on Immigrants |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/01/us/politics/trump-refugees.html |access-date=September 30, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 4, 2019 |title=Donald Trump has cut refugee admissions to America to a record low |url=https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2019/11/04/donald-trump-has-cut-refugee-admissions-to-america-to-a-record-low |access-date=June 25, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Economist]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hesson |first=Ted |date=October 11, 2019 |title=Trump ending U.S. role as worldwide leader on refugees |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2019/10/11/trump-refugee-decrease-immigration-044186 |access-date=June 25, 2020 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Trump wakasazgirakoso malango ghakusuzga ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kupokera [[Kukhala kwamuyirayira mu United States|chilolezo chakukhala kwamuyirayira]] usange ŵakakhumbanga [[Public charge rule|wovwiri wa boma]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Snow |first=Anita |date=February 25, 2020 |title=Crackdown on immigrants who use public benefits takes effect |url=https://apnews.com/article/e069e5a84057752a8535b1abe5d2ba6d |access-date=June 4, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Chimoza mwa vilayizgo vikuru vya kampeni yake chikaŵa kuzenga [[Lupupa lwa mphaka ya Mexico na United States|lupupa pa mphaka ya United States na Mexico]];<ref name="timm">{{cite news |last=Timm |first=Jane C. |date=January 13, 2021 |title=Fact check: Mexico never paid for it. But what about Trump's other border wall promises? |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/fact-check-mexico-never-paid-it-what-about-trump-s-n1253983 |access-date=December 21, 2021 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> mu nyengo yake yakwamba, United States yikazenga lupupa lwa {{convert|73|mi|km}} pa malo agho pakaŵavya lupupa ndipo yikasintha lupupa lwakale lwa {{convert|365|mi|km}}.<ref>{{cite news |last=Farley |first=Robert |date=February 16, 2021 |title=Trump's Border Wall: Where Does It Stand? |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2020/12/trumps-border-wall-where-does-it-stand/ |access-date=December 21, 2021 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref> Mu 2018, Trump wakakana kusaina [[dango la ndalama za boma]] lililose usange likapelekanga yayi ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Julie Hirschfeld |author-link1=Julie Hirschfeld Davis |last2=Tackett |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Tackett |date=January 2, 2019 |title=Trump and Democrats Dig in After Talks to Reopen Government Go Nowhere |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/us/politics/trump-congress-shutdown.html |access-date=January 3, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo ivi vikapangiska [[Kujalika kwa boma la United States#2025|kujalika kwa boma la federal]] kwa mazuŵa 35 kufuma mu Disembala 2018 mpaka Janyuwale 2019, uko pa nyengo iyo kukaŵa kwakutali chomene mu mbiri,<ref name="Gambino">{{cite news |last1=Gambino |first1=Lauren |last2=Walters |first2=Joanna |date=January 26, 2019 |title=Trump signs bill to end $6bn shutdown and temporarily reopen government |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jan/25/shutdown-latest-news-trump-reopens-government-deal-democrats |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> kweni pamanyuma kukajumpha na kujalika kwa boma mu 2025.<ref name="longer">{{cite news |last1=Morgan |first1=David |last2=McCaskill |first2=Nolan D. |last3=Erickson |first3=Bo |last4=Slattery |first4=Gram |date=November 13, 2025 |title=Trump signs deal to end longest US government shutdown in history |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/us-house-vote-deal-end-longest-government-shutdown-history-2025-11-12/ |access-date=June 27, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Kujalika kwa boma kukamara wakati wazomera kupeleka ndalama ku boma kwambura kuŵikamo ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka.<ref name="Gambino" /> Kuti ŵagege kujalikaso kwa boma, Congress yikazomerezga dango la ndalama mu Febuluwale ilo likapeleka US$1.4 biliyoni zakuzengera vigongwe vya mphaka.<ref name="Wilkie">{{cite news |last1=Pramuk |first1=Jacob |last2=Wilkie |first2=Christina |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Trump declares national emergency to build border wall, setting up massive legal fight |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/15/trump-national-emergency-declaration-border-wall-spending-bill.html |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> Pamanyuma, Trump wakapharazga [[Emergency ya charu pa mphaka ya kumwera ya United States|emergency ya charu pa mphaka ya kumwera]] kuti wasamuskire US$6.1 biliyoni ku ndalama zakuzengera lupupa lwa mphaka,<ref name="Wilkie" /> nangauli Congress yikakananga fundo iyi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Carney |first=Jordain |date=October 17, 2019 |title=Senate fails to override Trump veto over emergency declaration |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/466313-senate-fails-to-override-trumps-emergency-declaration-veto |access-date=May 31, 2020 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Mu Janyuwale 2017, Trump wakasaina [[Executive Order 13769|dango la boma]] ilo [[Kuletska ulendo kwa Trump|likakanizga ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vinkhondi na chimoza ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi Mbasilamu]] kunjira mu United States kwa myezi yinayi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵa ku Syria ŵakakanizgika kwamuyirayira.<ref name="frontline">{{cite news |last1=Walters |first1=Joanna |last2=Helmore |first2=Edward |last3=Dehghan |first3=Saeed Kamali |author-link3=Saeed Kamali Dehghan |date=January 28, 2017 |title=US airports on frontline as Donald Trump's travel ban causes chaos and protests |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jan/28/airports-us-immigration-ban-muslim-countries-trump |access-date=July 19, 2017 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="airport">{{cite news |date=January 28, 2017 |title=Protests erupt at airports nationwide over immigration action |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/protests-airports-immigration-action-president-trump/ |access-date=March 22, 2021 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Dango ili likapangiska [[Viwoneskero vyakususkana na Executive Order 13769|viwoneskero vinandi]] kweniso [[Milandu ya malango yakususkana na kuletska ulendo kwa Trump|milandu yinandi ya malango]], ivyo vikapangiska [[malango ghakulekeska kugwiliskira ntchito mu charu chose]] dango ili.<ref name="frontline" /><ref name="airport" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=Devlin |last2=Frosch |first2=Dan |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Federal Judge Temporarily Halts Trump Order on Immigration, Refugees |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/legal-feud-over-trump-immigration-order-turns-to-visa-revocations-1486153216 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[Executive Order 13780|Dango linyake lakunozgekaso]] ilo likapelekanga vyakusankha vinyake nalo likakanizgikaso na makhoti,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Levine |first1=Dan |last2=Rosenberg |first2=Mica |date=March 15, 2017 |title=Hawaii judge halts Trump's new travel ban before it can go into effect |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-court-idUSKBN16M17N |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Trump signs new travel ban directive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-39183153 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> kweni [[International Refugee Assistance Project v. Trump|Khoti Likuru likadumura mu Juni]] kuti kuletska uku kungagwiliskirika ntchito pa ŵanthu awo ŵalije ubwezi wa "''bona fide''" na munthu panji bungwe mu United States.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/9c78ee01f1ab45ffba852974fb229487 |title=Trump travel ban partly reinstated; fall court arguments set |first=Mark |last=Sherman |date=June 27, 2017 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=March 6, 2026}}</ref> Mu Seputembala, Trump wakasintha kuletska uku na [[Presidential Proclamation 9645|chilengezgo cha pulezidenti]] icho chikathandazga kuletska ulendo ku ŵanthu ŵa ku North Korea, Chad, na ŵalara ŵanyake ŵa Venezuela, kweni Iraq na Sudan vikafumiskikamo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Laughland |first=Oliver |date=September 25, 2017 |title=Trump travel ban extended to blocks on North Korea, Venezuela and Chad |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/sep/25/trump-travel-ban-extended-to-blocks-on-north-korea-and-venezuela |access-date=October 13, 2017 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Disembala 2017, Khoti Likuru likazomerezga kuti mtundu uwu wa kuletska ulendo ugwiliskirike ntchito,<ref>{{cite news |last=Hurley |first=Lawrence |date=December 4, 2017 |title=Supreme Court lets Trump's latest travel ban go into full effect |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-immigration/supreme-court-lets-trumps-latest-travel-ban-go-into-full-effect-idUSKBN1DY2NY |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo paumaliro likalikhozga mu 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wagner |first1=Meg |last2=Ries |first2=Brian |last3=Rocha |first3=Veronica |date=June 26, 2018 |title=Supreme Court upholds travel ban |url=https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/supreme-court-travel-ban/ |access-date=June 26, 2018 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Kufuma mu 2017 mpaka 2018, boma la Trump likaŵa na [[Ndondomeko ya kupatura mbumba ya boma la Trump|ndondomeko yakupatura mbumba]], iyo yikapatula ŵana ŵakujumpha 4,400, ŵanyake ŵa myezi yinayi pera yakubabika,<ref name="tina_v">{{cite news |last=Vasquez |first=Tina |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2025/jan/17/trump-policy-family-separation-future |title=Trump's border policy tore apart many families. Nobody knows what happens to them now |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 17, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025}}</ref> ku ŵapapi ŵawo awo ŵakasamukiranga mu charu pa [[mphaka ya United States na Mexico]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Pearle |first=Lauren |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Trump administration admits thousands more migrant families may have been separated than estimated |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/trump-administration-unsure-thousands-migrant-families-separated-originally/story?id=60797633 |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Spagat">{{cite news |last=Spagat |first=Elliot |date=October 25, 2019 |title=Tally of children split at border tops 5,400 in new count |url=https://apnews.com/article/c654e652a4674cf19304a4a4ff599feb |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Ndondomeko iyi, iyo yindachitikepo kale,<ref name="Domonoske">{{cite news |last1=Domonoske |first1=Camila |last2=Gonzales |first2=Richard |date=June 19, 2018 |title=What We Know: Family Separation And 'Zero Tolerance' At The Border |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/06/19/621065383/what-we-know-family-separation-and-zero-tolerance-at-the-border |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> yikakwiyiska chomene ŵanthu mu charu chose.<ref>{{cite news |last=Epstein |first=Jennifer |date=June 18, 2018 |title=Donald Trump's family separations bedevil GOP as public outrage grows |url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/donald-trump-s-family-separations-bedevil-gop-as-public-outrage-grows-20180618-p4zm9h.html |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |via=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Nangauli pakwamba Trump wakapasa [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] mulandu<ref>{{cite news |last=Sarlin |first=Benjy |date=June 15, 2018 |title=Despite claims, GOP immigration bill would not end family separation, experts say |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/immigration-border-crisis/despite-claims-gop-immigration-bill-would-not-end-family-separation-n883701 |access-date=June 18, 2018 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Julie Hirschfeld |author-link1=Julie Hirschfeld Davis |last2=Nixon |first2=Ron |author-link2=Ron Nixon |date=May 29, 2018 |title=Trump Officials, Moving to Break Up Migrant Families, Blame Democrats |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/29/us/politics/trump-democrats-immigrant-families.html |access-date=December 29, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo wakati wangalekeska yayi ndondomeko iyi kwizira mu dango la boma, pamanyuma wakazomera chifukwa cha kukakamizgika na ŵanthu mu Juni 2018 ndipo wakalangura kuti mbumba za ŵanthu awo ŵakanjira mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka zisungikenge pamoza, kwambura usange "palipo chakofya" ku mwana.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Beckwith |first=Ryan Teague |date=June 20, 2018 |title=Here's What President Trump's Immigration Order Actually Does |url=https://time.com/5317703/trump-family-separation-policy-executive-order/ |access-date=May 30, 2020 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Goodnough |first2=Abby |last3=Haberman |first3=Maggie |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |date=June 20, 2018 |title=Trump Retreats on Separating Families, but Thousands May Remain Apart |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/20/us/politics/trump-immigration-children-executive-order.html |access-date=June 20, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma mweruzgi wakalangura kuti mbumba izi ziwezgeraneso pamoza ndipo kupatura ŵana kulekeke, kupatulapo pa nyengo zakuchepa waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Hansler |first=Jennifer |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Judge says government does a better job of tracking 'personal property' than separated kids |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/politics/family-separation-federal-judge-personal-property-comment/ |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Walters |first=Joanna |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Judge orders US to reunite families separated at border within 30 days |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/27/us-immigration-must-reunite-families-separated-at-border-federal-judge-rules |access-date=May 30, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> nangauli ŵana ŵakujumpha 1,000 ŵakapaturikaso na mbumba zawo pamanyuma pa dango ili.<ref name="Spagat" /> Kufika mu Epulero 2024, ŵana 1,360 ŵakaŵa ŵandamanyikwe usange ŵakaweleraso ku mbumba zawo.<ref name="tina_v"/> === Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake === {{main|[[Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lakwamba la Trump|Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lakwamba la Trump]]}} {{further|[[Ubwezi pakati pa Russia na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi pakati pa Russia na United States]]|[[Ubwezi pakati pa China na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi pakati pa China na United States]]|[[Suzgo la North Korea la 2017–2018|Suzgo la North Korea la 2017–2018]]|[[Ndondomeko ya mtende pakati pa Korea ya 2018–19|Ndondomeko ya mtende pakati pa Korea ya 2018–19]]}} [[File:-G7Biarritz (48616362963).jpg|thumb|alt=A group of seven men and one woman, sitting at a round conference table. Trump wears a dark blue suit, white dress shirt, and light blue necktie. A small sign reading "G7 France Biarritz 2019" hangs on the wall behind them.|Ŵalongozgi ŵa [[Gulu la Seven|G7]] pa [[Msonkhano wa 45 wa G7|msonkhano wa 45]] ku France, 2019]] Trump wakujichema kuti ni "wakutemwa charu chake"<ref>{{cite news |first=William |last=Cummings |title='I am a nationalist': Trump's embrace of controversial label sparks uproar |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/24/trump-says-hes-nationalist-what-means-why-its-controversial/1748521002/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=October 24, 2018 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> ndipo ndondomeko yake ya vyaru vinyake yikaŵa yakuti "[[America First|America Yakwamba]]".<ref name=Bennhold>{{cite news |first=Katrin |last=Bennhold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/06/world/europe/germany-troop-withdrawal-america.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Has 'America First' Become 'Trump First'? Germans Wonder |date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakakhozgera maboma gha [[populism|populist]], [[neo-nationalism|neo-nationalist]], na ghaulamuliro wa nkhongono.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2018/10/can-us-democracy-policy-survive-trump?lang=en |title=Can U.S. Democracy Policy Survive Trump? |last1=Carothers |first1=Thomas |author-link1=Thomas Carothers |last2=Brown |first2=Frances Z. |date=October 1, 2018 |website=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] |access-date=October 19, 2019}}</ref> Pa nyengo ya ulamuliro wake, ubwezi wa vyaru vinyake ukaŵa wakusuzga chifukwa cha kusinthasintha, kuleka kumanyikwa ivyo vingachitika, na kuleka kukhazikika.<ref name="Bennhold" />{{sfn|McGurk|2020}} Ubwezi pakati pa United States na ŵabwezi ŵake ŵa ku Europe ukasuzgikira chomene mu nyengo ya Trump.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ana |last=Swanson |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/economy/trump-european-union-trade.html |title=Trump Administration Escalates Tensions With Europe as Crisis Looms |date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakasoŵeska [[Maboma gha mu NATO|ŵabwezi ŵa NATO]] ndipo mwakubisika wakayowoya kuti United States yikwenera [[Kufuma mu NATO#United States|kufuma mu NATO]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=May 26, 2017 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |title=Trump Says NATO Allies Don't Pay Their Share. Is That True? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/26/world/europe/nato-trump-spending.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Cooper |first2=Helene |author-link2=Helene Cooper |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/us/politics/nato-president-trump.html |title=Trump Discussed Pulling U.S. From NATO, Aides Say Amid New Concerns Over Russia |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 14, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakakhozgera ndondomeko zinandi za nduna yikuru ya Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sommer |first=Allison Kaplan |date=July 25, 2019 |title=How Trump and Netanyahu Became Each Other's Most Effective Political Weapon |work=[[Haaretz]] |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2019-07-25/ty-article/.premium/how-trump-and-netanyahu-became-each-others-most-effective-political-weapon/0000017f-f22d-d497-a1ff-f2ad5c310000 |access-date=August 2, 2019}}</ref> Mu 2020, Trump wakalongozga mwambo wakusaina [[Abraham Accords]] pakati pa Israel na [[United Arab Emirates]] kweniso [[Bahrain]] kuti ŵanozge ubwezi wawo wa vyaru vinyake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Israel, U.A.E. and Bahrain Sign Accords, With an Eager Trump Playing Host |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/15/us/politics/trump-israel-peace-emirates-bahrain.html |access-date=February 9, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> [[File:President Trump & the First Lady's Trip to Europe (42547210635).jpg|thumb|Trump wakukorana mawoko na pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] pa [[Msonkhano wa Russia–United States wa 2018|msonkhano wa 2018]] ku Helsinki, Finland]] Mu 2018, Trump wakamba [[Nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States|nkhondo ya malonda na China]] pamanyuma pakukhazikiska misonkho ya katundu na vinyake vyakukangira malonda, ivyo wakati vikachichizgenge China kuti yimazge maluso ghake gha nyengo yitali gha malonda ghambura urunji kweniso [[Milandu ya kuba vinjeru vya umanyi na China|kuba wanangwa wa vinjeru vya umanyi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Swanson |first=Ana |date=July 5, 2018 |title=Trump's Trade War With China Is Officially Underway |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/business/china-us-trade-war-trump-tariffs.html |access-date=May 26, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakafoka chilango chikuru chomene icho United States yikakhazikiska pa Russia pamanyuma pa [[Kupoka kwa Russia chigaŵa cha Crimea mu 2014]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Zengerle |first=Patricia |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Bid to keep U.S. sanctions on Russia's Rusal fails in Senate |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-sanctions/bid-to-keep-u-s-sanctions-on-russias-rusal-fails-in-senate-idUSKCN1PA2JB |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Whalen |first=Jeanne |date=January 15, 2019 |title=In rare rebuke of Trump administration, some GOP lawmakers advance measure to oppose lifting Russian sanctions |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/16/rare-rebuke-trump-administration-some-gop-lawmakers-advance-measure-oppose-lifting-russian-sanctions/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakalumbanga pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] ndipo, kuyana na ŵakususka ŵanyake, wakamususkanga nyengo zichoko waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=August 10, 2017 |title=Trump Praises Putin Instead of Critiquing Cuts to U.S. Embassy Staff |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/10/world/europe/putin-trump-embassy-russia.html |access-date=June 7, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nussbaum |first=Matthew |date=April 8, 2018 |title=Trump blames Putin for backing 'Animal Assad' |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/08/trump-putin-syria-attack-508223 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> nangauli wakasuskanga vinyake ivyo boma la Russia likachitanga.<ref>{{cite news |date=December 21, 2019 |title=Nord Stream 2: Trump approves sanctions on Russia gas pipeline |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50875935 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]], wakati Russia yikapulikanga yayi ivyo yikazomera,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bugos |first=Shannon |date=September 2019 |title=U.S. Completes INF Treaty Withdrawal |url=https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-09/news/us-completes-inf-treaty-withdrawal |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=[[Arms Control Association]]}}</ref> ndipo wakakhozgera kuti Russia yiwezgekeso mu [[G7]].<ref name="G8">{{cite news |last=Panetta |first=Grace |date=June 14, 2018 |title=Trump reportedly claimed to leaders at the G7 that Crimea is part of Russia because everyone there speaks Russian |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-claims-crimea-is-part-of-russia-since-people-speak-russian-g7-summit-2018-6 |access-date=February 13, 2020 |work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> Apo [[Vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] vikawonekanga kuti ni suzgo likuru,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Adam |last2=Meko |first2=Tim |date=December 21, 2017 |title=What made North Korea's weapons programs so much scarier in 2017 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/12/21/what-made-north-koreas-weapons-programs-so-much-scarier-in-2017/ |access-date=July 5, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States uyo wakaŵa pa udindo kukumana na mulongozgi wa North Korea, ndipo wakakumana na [[Kim Jong Un]] katatu pakati pa Juni 2018 na Juni 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Crowley |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=June 30, 2019 |title=Trump Steps Into North Korea and Agrees With Kim Jong-un to Resume Talks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/30/world/asia/trump-north-korea-dmz.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kudumbiskana pa [[Kumazga vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] kukamara kwambura kupulikana mu Okutobala 2019, ndipo pakaŵavya phangano ilo likafikika.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanger |first1=David E. |author-link1=David E. Sanger |last2=Sang-Hun |first2=Choe |author-link2=Choe Sang-hun |date=June 12, 2020 |title=Two Years After Trump-Kim Meeting, Little to Show for Personal Diplomacy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/world/asia/korea-nuclear-trump-kim.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tanner |first1=Jari |last2=Lee |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matt Lee (journalist) |date=October 5, 2019 |title=North Korea Says Nuclear Talks Break Down While U.S. Says They Were 'Good' |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-ap-top-news-north-korea-vietnam-c66474b67b3e41cdad6d21ba3385ddc2 |access-date=July 21, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> === Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo === {{main|[[Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo gha ndyali mu boma lakwamba la Trump|Ŵanthu ŵakusankhika pa maudindo gha ndyali mu boma lakwamba la Trump]]|[[Kabineti yakwamba ya Donald Trump|Kabineti yakwamba ya Donald Trump]]}} {{further|[[Kulemba ntchito mu boma na ŵantchito ŵa Donald Trump|Kulemba ntchito mu boma na ŵantchito ŵa Donald Trump]]}} Pakufikaumaliro wa chaka chakwamba cha Trump pa udindo, ŵantchito 34&nbsp;pa 100 ŵa gulu lake lakwamba ŵakafumapo ntchito, ŵakachimbizgika panji ŵakasinthira ku maudindo ghanyake.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2017-12-28/trumps-white-house-has-highest-turnover-rate-in-40-years |title=Trump White House Has Highest Turnover in 40 Years |last=Trimble |first=Megan |date=December 28, 2017 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Pakufika Julayi 2018, ŵakovwira ŵake ŵalara 61&nbsp;pa 100 ŵakafumapo,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/395222-ap-trump-admin-sets-record-for-white-house-turnover |title=AP: Trump admin sets record for White House turnover |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |last=Wise |first=Justin}}</ref> ndipo ŵantchito 141 ŵakafumapo mu chaka chamara.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Zeke |last2=Bridis |first2=Ted |url=https://apnews.com/article/9188152a050f4d57ad543954d011a668 |title=Trump White House sets turnover records |work=[[AP News]] |date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=March 9, 2026}}</ref> Manambala ghose agha ghakaŵa ghapachanya chomene kuluska gha mapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵasonosono.<ref name="Keith">{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/03/07/591372397/white-house-staff-turnover-was-already-record-setting-then-more-advisers-left |title=White House Staff Turnover Was Already Record-Setting. Then More Advisers Left |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |work=[[NPR News]] |date=March 7, 2018 |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵa ŵakovwira ŵake ŵapafupi ŵakaleka kumuteŵetera panji ŵakachichizgika kufumapo.<ref name=Brookings>{{cite news |first1=Kathryn Dunn |last1=Tenpas |url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/tracking-turnover-in-the-trump-administration/ |title=Tracking Turnover in the Trump Administration |date=March 16, 2018 |website=[[Brookings Institution]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Trump wakayowoyanga mwaukazuzi pa ŵanyake mwa ŵalara ŵake ŵakale.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cillizza |first=Chris |author-link=Chris Cillizza |title=Donald Trump makes terrible hires, according to Donald Trump |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/19/politics/trump-mulvaney-bolton-hiring/ |access-date=June 24, 2020 |work=[[CNN]] |date=June 19, 2020}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa na [[Mulara wa ŵantchito ŵa White House|ŵalara ŵanayi ŵa ŵantchito ŵa White House]], ndipo wakapatura panji kufumiska ŵanyake.<ref name=Keither>{{cite news |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |date=March 6, 2020 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |title=Mick Mulvaney Out, Mark Meadows in As White House Chief Of Staff |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/06/766025774/mick-mulvaney-out-as-white-house-chief-of-staff}}</ref> Mu Meyi 2017, wakachimbizga [[Kuchimbizgika kwa James Comey|mulongozgi wa Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), James Comey]], ndipo mazuŵa ghachoko pamanyuma wakati wakafipanga mtima chifukwa cha mulimo wa Comey mu kufufuza vya Trump na Russia.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Stanek |first=Becca |date=May 11, 2017 |title=President Trump just completely contradicted the official White House account of the Comey firing |magazine=[[The Week]] |url=https://theweek.com/speedreads/698368/president-trump-just-completely-contradicted-official-white-house-account-comey-firing |access-date=May 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Schmidt |first1=Michael S. |author-link1=Michael S. Schmidt |last2=Apuzzo |first2=Matt |author-link2=Matt Apuzzo |date=June 7, 2017 |title=Comey Says Trump Pressured Him to 'Lift the Cloud' of Inquiry |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/07/us/politics/james-comey-statement-testimony.html |access-date=November 2, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa ŵalara 15 ŵa kabineti yake yakwamba, ŵatatu ŵakafumapo panji ŵakachichizgika kuleka ntchito mukati mwa chaka chakwamba.<ref name="538 Cabinet">{{cite news |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-incredibly-and-historically-unstable-first-year-of-trumps-cabinet/ |title=The Incredibly And Historically Unstable First Year Of Trump's Cabinet |last=Jones-Rooy |first=Andrea |date=November 29, 2017 |work=[[FiveThirtyEight]] |access-date=March 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129123144/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-incredibly-and-historically-unstable-first-year-of-trumps-cabinet/ |archive-date=November 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name=Brookings/> Trump wakachedwanga kusora ŵantchito ŵa maudindo ghachoko mu nthambi ya boma, pakuti wakati maudindo ghanandi ghakaŵa ghambura kukhumbikwa. Mu Okutobala 2017, pakaŵa maudindo ghanandi gha pasi pa kabineti agho ghakaŵavya munthu wakusankhika.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/10/12/557122200/trump-leaves-top-administration-positions-unfilled-says-hollow-government-by-des |title=Trump Leaves Top Administration Positions Unfilled, Says Hollow Government By Design |last=Keith |first=Tamara |author-link=Tamara Keith |date=October 12, 2017 |work=[[NPR News]] |access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Pakufika Janyuwale&nbsp;8, 2019, pa maudindo ghakuzirwa 706, 433 ghakaŵa ghazuzgika ndipo pakaŵavya munthu wakusankhika pa maudindo 264.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 8, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2021 |title=Tracking how many key positions Trump has filled so far |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-administration-appointee-tracker/database/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Vyeruzgo === {{further|[[Mndandanda wa ŵeruzgi ŵa boma ŵakusankhika na Donald Trump|Mndandanda wa ŵeruzgi ŵa boma ŵakusankhika na Donald Trump]]|[[Mikangano pa kusankha ŵeruzgi na Donald Trump|Mikangano pa kusankha ŵeruzgi na Donald Trump]]}} Trump wakasora [[Weruzgi wa boma wa United States|ŵeruzgi ŵa boma]] 234, kusazgapo 54 ku [[Makhoti gha apilu gha United States|makhoti gha apilu]] na [[Ŵakusankhika ŵa Khoti Likuru na Donald Trump|ŵatatu]] ku [[Khoti Likuru la United States]], awo mba [[Neil Gorsuch]], [[Brett Kavanaugh]], na [[Amy Coney Barrett]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Gramlich |first=John |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/01/13/how-trump-compares-with-other-recent-presidents-in-appointing-federal-judges/ |title=How Trump compares with other recent presidents in appointing federal judges |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=January 13, 2021 |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2025-01/apptsbypres.pdf |title=Judgeship Appointments by President |work=United States Courts |access-date=January 16, 2026}}</ref> ndipo kusankha uku kukapangiska Khoti Likuru kutolera maghanoghano gha ku woko lamalyero.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/26/trump-legacy-supreme-court-422058 |title=Trump's legacy is now the Supreme Court |first=Anita |last=Kumar |date=September 26, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=[[Voice of America]] |title=Trump's Lasting Legacy: Conservative Supermajority on Supreme Court |first=Masood |last=Farivar |date=December 24, 2020 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/usa_trumps-lasting-legacy-conservative-supermajority-supreme-court/6199935.html |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nine Black Robes: Inside the Supreme Court's Drive to the Right and Its Historic Consequences |first=Joan |last=Biskupic |author-link=Joan Biskupic |url=https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2023/06/02/nine-black-robes-supreme-court |date=June 2, 2023 |work=[[WBUR-FM]] |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref> Mu kampeni ya chisola cha 2016, wakalayizga kuti ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' "yizamumazgika yekhayekha" usange wangasankhika na kusanga mwaŵi wakusora ŵeruzgi ŵaŵiri panji ŵatatu awo ŵakususkana na nthumbo. Pamanyuma wakajilumba chifukwa chakuti ''Roe'' yikamazgika na mulandu wa ''[[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization]]'' mu 2022; ŵeruzgi ŵake ŵose ŵatatu ŵa Khoti Likuru ŵakavotera limoza na ŵanandi.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[The Week]] |title=Trump takes credit for Dobbs decision but worries it 'won't help him in the future' |first=Grayson |last=Quay |date=June 25, 2022 |url=https://theweek.com/donald-trump/1014657/trump-takes-credit-for-dobbs-decision-but-worries-it-wont-help-him-in-the |access-date=October 2, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-was-able-kill-roe-v-wade-rcna84897 |first=Sahil |last=Kapur |title=Trump: 'I was able to kill Roe v. Wade' |date=May 17, 2023 |access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref> Trump wakasuskanga makhoti na ŵeruzgi awo wakasanganga nawo maghanoghano ghakupambana, kanandi mwakukhwaska munthu yekha, ndipo wakakayikiranga mazaza gha makhoti agho ghali mu Dango Likuru. Kuwukira kwake makhoti kukasuskika na ŵanthu ŵanandi, kusazgapo ŵeruzgi ŵa boma awo ŵakaŵa pa udindo, awo ŵakafipanga mtima na umo mazgu ghake ghakakhwaskiranga [[kujiyimira paŵekha kwa vyeruzgo]] na kugomezgeka kwa makhoti na ŵanthu.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Abby |last1=Phillip |author-link1=Abby Phillip |first2=Robert |last2=Barnes |first3=Ed |last3=O'Keefe |author-link3=Ed O'Keefe |title=Supreme Court nominee Gorsuch says Trump's attacks on judiciary are 'demoralizing' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/supreme-court-nominee-gorsuch-says-trumps-attacks-on-judiciary-are-demoralizing/2017/02/08/64e03fe2-ee3f-11e6-9662-6eedf1627882_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=February 8, 2017 |access-date=October 6, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Katie |last=Shepherd |title=Trump 'violates all recognized democratic norms,' federal judge says in biting speech on judicial independence |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/11/08/judge-says-trump-violates-democratic-norms-judiciary-speech/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 8, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Mliri wa COVID-19 === {{main|COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}} {{further|U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic|Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic}} {{see also|Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}} [[File:White House Press Briefing (49666120807).jpg|thumb|Kuchita ungano wa atolankhani wa COVID-19 pamoza na ŵanthu ŵa mu [[White House Coronavirus Task Force]] pa March&nbsp;15, 2020|alt=Trump wakuyowoya mu chipinda cha ungano wa atolankhani cha West Wing pamoza na ŵalaraŵalara ŵakupambanapambana awo ŵimilira kumanyuma kwake, wose ŵavwara vyakuvwara vya boma ndipo ŵalije visalu vya kumaso]] Pamanyuma pakuleka kupulikira machenjezgo gha umoyo wa ŵanthu kweniso malurombo gha ŵantchito ŵa vyaumoyo awo ŵakagwiranga nayo ntchito kwa masabata ghanandi,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-04-19/coronavirus-outbreak-president-trump-slow-response |title=How Trump let the U.S. fall behind the curve on coronavirus threat |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=April 19, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |first1=David S. |last1=Cloud |first2=Paul |last2=Pringle |author-link2=Paul Pringle |first3=Eli |last3=Stokols |author-link3=Eli Stokols}}</ref> Trump wakakhazikiska [[White House Coronavirus Task Force]] kuumaliro wa January.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coronavirus-outbreak-task-force-created-by-trump-to-lead-us-government-response-to-wuhan-virus/ |title=Trump creates task force to lead U.S. coronavirus response |work=[[CBS News]] |date=January 30, 2020 |access-date=October 10, 2020}}</ref> Mu March, wakasayina dango la [[CARES Act]]—ndondomeko ya ndalama zakukhozga chuma ya US$2.2&nbsp;trillion yakovwirika na vipani vyose viŵiri—iyo yikaŵa yikuru chomene pa mbiri ya United States.<ref name="NY Times stimulus united senate">{{cite news |last1=Hulse |first1=Carl |author-link1=Carl Hulse |last2=Cochrane |first2=Emily |title=As Coronavirus Spread, Largest Stimulus in History United a Polarized Senate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/us/coronavirus-senate-stimulus-package.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 26, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="AP Trump signs 2.2">{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Andrew |last2=Fram |first2=Alan |last3=Kellman |first3=Laurie |last4=Superville |first4=Darlene |title=Trump signs $2.2T stimulus after swift congressional votes |url=https://apnews.com/2099a53bb8adf2def7ee7329ea322f9d |work=[[AP News]] |date=March 28, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2024}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa masabata ghanandi gha kuwukira ŵanyake kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuwona umo wakachedwera kuzgora mliri uwu, Trump wakalekeska ndalama zakovwira [[World Health Organization]] mu April.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ollstein |first=Alice Miranda |title=Trump halts funding to World Health Organization |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/14/trump-world-health-organization-funding-186786 |access-date=September 7, 2020 |work=[[Politico]] |date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> Wakachiska ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha ndyali cha kumanjiliro kuchita [[COVID-19 protests in the United States|viwonetsero vyakususkana na ndondomeko za kusungilira mtunda pakati pa ŵanthu]] mu vyaru ivyo vikaŵa na malango gha kukhala pa nyumba,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Mervosh |first2=Sarah |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/17/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-governors.html |title=Trump Encourages Protest Against Governors Who Have Imposed Virus Restrictions |date=April 17, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=April 19, 2020}}</ref> ndipo kanandi waka wakakakamizga mabungwe gha boma agho ghakawoneleranga vyaumoyo kuti ghachite ivyo iyo wakakhumbanga,<ref name="CNN-testing-pressure">{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/26/politics/cdc-coronavirus-testing-guidance/ |title=CDC was pressured 'from the top down' to change coronavirus testing guidance, official says |date=August 26, 2020 |work=[[CNN]] |first1=Nick |last1=Valencia |first2=Sara |last2=Murray |author-link2=Sara Murray (journalist) |first3=Kristen |last3=Holmes |access-date=August 26, 2020}}</ref> nga nkhuvomerezga munkhwala uwo undaŵe ukulongora kuti ngwakovwira.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/06/15/hydroxychloroquine-authorization-revoked-coronavirus/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 15, 2020 |access-date=October 7, 2021 |title=FDA pulls emergency approval for antimalarial drugs touted by Trump as covid-19 treatment |first1=Laurie |last1=McGinley |first2=Carolyn Y. |last2=Johnson |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name=pressed>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/12/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-treatment-vaccine.html |title=Trump Pressed for Plasma Therapy. Officials Worry, Is an Unvetted Vaccine Next? |date=September 12, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |first1=Sharon |last1=LaFraniere |author-link1=Sharon LaFraniere |first2=Noah |last2=Weiland |first3=Michael D. |last3=Shear |author-link3=Michael D. Shear |access-date=September 13, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu October, Trump [[White House COVID-19 outbreak#Presidential hospitalization and early release|wakagonekeka muchipatala kwa mazuŵa ghatatu]] chifukwa cha matenda ghakuru gha [[COVID-19]], apo gulu lake la ŵadokotala likachepeskanga ukuru wa matenda ghake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Weiland |first1=Noah |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |last3=Mazzetti |first3=Mark |author-link3=Mark Mazzetti |last4=Karni |first4=Annie |author-link4=Annie Karni |date=February 11, 2021 |title=Trump Was Sicker Than Acknowledged With Covid-19 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/11/us/politics/trump-coronavirus.html |access-date=February 16, 2021}}</ref> === Kufufuzika === {{further|Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections|Mueller special counsel investigation|Mueller report}} Pamanyuma pakuti wanjira mu udindo, Trump wakaŵa wakufufuzika chomene na [[United States Department of Justice|Dipatimenti ya Chilungamo]] kweniso Congress, ndipo kufufuza kukakhwaskanga kampeni yake ya chisankho, nyengo ya kusintha boma, mwambo wa kunjira mu udindo, ivyo wakachitanga apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, [[The Trump Organization|mabizinesi ghake], msonkho wake, kweniso [[Donald J. Trump Foundation|wupu wake wakuchitira vya wovwiri]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodward |first1=Calvin |last2=Pace |first2=Julie |date=December 16, 2018 |title=Scope of investigations into Trump has shaped his presidency |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d6361fdf19846cb9eb020d9c6fbfa5a |access-date=December 19, 2018 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Pakaŵa kufufuza kwa milandu 10 ya boma la federal, kufufuza 8 kwa maboma na kwa malo, kweniso kufufuza 12 kwa Congress.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Buchanan |first1=Larry |last2=Yourish |first2=Karen |date=September 25, 2019 |title=Tracking 30 Investigations Related to Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/05/13/us/politics/trump-investigations.html |access-date=October 4, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu July 2016, [[FBI]] yikamba [[Crossfire Hurricane (FBI investigation)|Crossfire Hurricane]], kufufuza vyakukhwaskana na kukolerana pakati pa Russia na kampeni ya Trump ya chisankho cha 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Apuzzo |first1=Matt |author-link=Matt Apuzzo |last2=Goldman |first2=Adam |author-link2=Adam Goldman |last3=Fandos |first3=Nicholas |date=May 16, 2018 |title=Code Name Crossfire Hurricane: The Secret Origins of the Trump Investigation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/16/us/politics/crossfire-hurricane-trump-russia-fbi-mueller-investigation.html |url-access=limited |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Trump wakati wafumiska Comey mu May 2017, FBI yikajura kufufuza kwachiŵiri pa vyamalonda vyake kweniso [[Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia|mabizinesi ghake ku Russia]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Dilanian |first=Ken |date=September 7, 2020 |title=FBI agent who helped launch Russia investigation says Trump was 'compromised' |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/fbi-agent-who-helped-launch-russia-investigation-says-trump-was-n1239442 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Mu January 2017, mabungwe ghatatu gha vyaumanyi gha United States ghakati mwakugomezgeka chomene kuti [[Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections|Russia yikanjilirapo mu chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2016]] kuti yiwovwire Trump.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rosenberg |first=Matthew |author-link=Matthew Rosenberg |date=July 6, 2017 |title=Trump Misleads on Russian Meddling: Why 17 Intelligence Agencies Don't Need to Agree |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/06/us/politics/trump-russia-intelligence-agencies-cia-fbi-nsa.html |access-date=October 7, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sanger |first=David E. |author-link=David E. Sanger |date=January 6, 2017 |title=Putin Ordered 'Influence Campaign' Aimed at U.S. Election, Report Says |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/06/us/politics/russia-hack-report.html |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake, Crossfire Hurricane yikasamukira ku [[Robert Mueller]] [[Mueller special counsel investigation|kufufuza kwa mulara wapadera]];<ref>{{cite news |last=Pearson |first=Nick |date=May 17, 2018 |title=Crossfire Hurricane: Trump Russia investigation started with Alexander Downer interview |url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/crossfire-hurricane-trump-russia-investigation-started-with-alexander-downer-interview/16121e23-bdfc-4f32-9822-e4a7f841e3e4 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[Nine News]]}}</ref> kufufuza kwa ubwezi wa Trump na Russia kukamara apo Muteŵeti wa Attorney General [[Rod Rosenstein]] wakaphalira FBI kuti Mueller ndiyo wafufuzgenge nkhani iyi.<ref name="never">{{cite news |last=Schmidt |first=Michael S. |author-link=Michael S. Schmidt |date=August 30, 2020 |title=Justice Dept. Never Fully Examined Trump's Ties to Russia, Ex-Officials Say |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/30/us/politics/trump-russia-justice-department.html |url-access=limited |access-date=October 8, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Rosenstein to testify in Senate on Trump-Russia probe |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-russia-rosenstein-idUSKBN23330H |access-date=October 19, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa pempho la Rosenstein, kufufuza kwa Mueller kukafufuza milandu "yakukhwaskana na kunjilirapo kwa Russia mu chisankho cha 2016".<ref name="never" /> [[Mueller report|Lipoti laumaliro la Mueller]] mu March 2019<ref>{{cite news |last=Breuninger |first=Kevin |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Mueller probe ends: Special counsel submits Russia report to Attorney General William Barr |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/22/robert-mueller-submits-special-counsels-russia-probe-report-to-attorney-general-william-barr.html |access-date=March 22, 2019 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> likasanga kuti Russia yikanjilirapo mu chisankho cha 2016 kuti yiwovwire Trump,<ref>{{cite news |date=January 16, 2012 |title=Main points of Mueller report |url=https://www.afp.com/en/news/15/main-points-mueller-report-doc-1fr5vv1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420143436/https://www.afp.com/en/news/15/main-points-mueller-report-doc-1fr5vv1 |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019 |work=[[Agence France-Presse]]}}</ref> ndipo Trump na kampeni yake ŵakazomera na kuchiska kuyezgayezga uku,<ref>{{cite news |last=Mazzetti |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Mazzetti |date=July 24, 2019 |title=Mueller Warns of Russian Sabotage and Rejects Trump's 'Witch Hunt' Claims |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/24/us/politics/trump-mueller-testimony.html |access-date=March 4, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Trump briefly acknowledges that Russia aided his election – and falsely says he didn't help the effort |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/05/30/trump-briefly-acknowledges-that-russia-aided-his-election-falsely-says-he-didnt-help-effort/ |access-date=March 5, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Polantz |first1=Katelyn |last2=Kaufman |first2=Ellie |last3=Murray |first3=Sara |date=June 19, 2020 |title=Mueller raised possibility Trump lied to him, newly unsealed report reveals |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/19/politics/mueller-report-rerelease-fewer-redactions/ |access-date=October 30, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> kweni ukaboni "ukalongora yayi" kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu kampeni ya Trump ŵakachita chiwembu panji kugwirana ntchito na Russia.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ostriker |first1=Rebecca |last2=Puzzanghera |first2=Jim |last3=Finucane |first3=Martin |last4=Datar |first4=Saurabh |last5=Uraizee |first5=Irfan |last6=Garvin |first6=Patrick |date=April 18, 2019 |title=What the Mueller report says about Trump and more |url=https://apps.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/graphics/2019/03/mueller-report/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |work=[[The Boston Globe]]}}</ref><ref name="takeaways">{{cite magazine |last=Law |first=Tara |date=April 18, 2019 |title=Here Are the Biggest Takeaways From the Mueller Report |url=https://time.com/5567077/mueller-report-release/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Trump wakati lipoti ili likamutozga ku mulandu uliwose nangauli Mueller wakalemba kuti likaŵa nthena yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yen |first1=Hope |last2=Woodward |first2=Calvin |date=July 24, 2019 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump falsely claims Mueller exonerated him |url=https://apnews.com/article/130932b573664ea5a4d186f752bb8d50 |access-date=October 8, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Lipoti ili likalongosoraso ukaboni wa kukhuŵazga chilungamo uwo Trump wangachita, kweni "likafika yayi pa fundo yaumaliro",<ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrett |first1=Devlin |last2=Zapotosky |first2=Matt |date=April 17, 2019 |title=Mueller report lays out obstruction evidence against the president |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/attorney-general-to-provide-overview-of-mueller-report-at-news-conference-before-its-release/2019/04/17/8dcc9440-54b9-11e9-814f-e2f46684196e_story.html |access-date=April 20, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Farley |first1=Robert |last2=Robertson |first2=Lori |last3=Gore |first3=D'Angelo |last4=Spencer |first4=Saranac Hale |last5=Fichera |first5=Angelo |last6=McDonald |first6=Jessica |date=April 18, 2019 |title=What the Mueller Report Says About Obstruction |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2019/04/what-the-mueller-report-says-about-obstruction/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref> ndipo likaleka Congress ndiyo yisankhe usange pakwenera kupeleka milandu.<ref name="LM">{{cite news |last=Mascaro |first=Lisa |date=April 18, 2019 |title=Mueller drops obstruction dilemma on Congress |url=https://apnews.com/article/35829a2b010248f193d1efd00c4de7e5 |access-date=April 20, 2019 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> === Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake === {{main|Ndondomeko ya vyaru vinyake ya boma lakwamba la Trump|Misonkho ya katundu (tariffs) mu boma lakwamba la Trump}} {{further|Ubwezi wa Russia na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Ubwezi wa China na United States#Boma lakwamba la Trump (2017–2021)|Suzgo la North Korea la nyukiliya la 2017–2018|Ndondomeko ya mtende wa Korea ya 2018–19}} [[File:-G7Biarritz (48616362963).jpg|thumb|alt=A group of seven men and one woman, sitting at a round conference table. Trump wears a dark blue suit, white dress shirt, and light blue necktie. A small sign reading "G7 France Biarritz 2019" hangs on the wall behind them.|Ŵalongozgi ŵa [[Group of Seven|G7]] pa [[45th G7 summit|msonkhano wa 45]] ku France mu 2019]] Trump wakujichema kuti ni "munthu wakutemwa charu chake"<ref>{{cite news |first=William |last=Cummings |title='I am a nationalist': Trump's embrace of controversial label sparks uproar |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/24/trump-says-hes-nationalist-what-means-why-its-controversial/1748521002/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=October 24, 2018 |access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> ndipo ndondomeko yake ya vyaru vinyake yikachemekanga kuti "[[America First]]".<ref name=Bennhold>{{cite news |first=Katrin |last=Bennhold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/06/world/europe/germany-troop-withdrawal-america.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Has 'America First' Become 'Trump First'? Germans Wonder |date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakawovwira maboma gha [[populism]], [[neo-nationalism]], na maboma gha ulongozgi wa nkhongono.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2018/10/can-us-democracy-policy-survive-trump?lang=en |title=Can U.S. Democracy Policy Survive Trump? |last1=Carothers |first1=Thomas |author-link1=Thomas Carothers |last2=Brown |first2=Frances Z. |date=October 1, 2018 |website=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] |access-date=October 19, 2019}}</ref> Pa nyengo yake ya kuwusa, ubwezi wa United States na vyaru vinyake ukaŵa wakusuzga chifukwa cha kusintha-sintha kwa ndondomeko zake.<ref name="Bennhold" />{{sfn|McGurk|2020}} Ubwezi wa United States na ŵabwezi ŵake ku Europe nawo ukasuzgika.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ana |last=Swanson |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/economy/trump-european-union-trade.html |title=Trump Administration Escalates Tensions With Europe as Crisis Looms |date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakasozga ŵabwezi ŵa [[Member states of NATO|NATO]] ndipo mwakubisika wakayowoya kuti United States yikeneranga kufuma mu [[Withdrawal from NATO#United States|NATO]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=May 26, 2017 |access-date=October 4, 2021 |title=Trump Says NATO Allies Don't Pay Their Share. Is That True? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/26/world/europe/nato-trump-spending.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Cooper |first2=Helene |author-link2=Helene Cooper |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/us/politics/nato-president-trump.html |title=Trump Discussed Pulling U.S. From NATO, Aides Say Amid New Concerns Over Russia |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 14, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakawovwira ndondomeko zinandi za nduna yikuru ya Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sommer |first=Allison Kaplan |date=July 25, 2019 |title=How Trump and Netanyahu Became Each Other's Most Effective Political Weapon |work=[[Haaretz]] |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2019-07-25/ty-article/.premium/how-trump-and-netanyahu-became-each-others-most-effective-political-weapon/0000017f-f22d-d497-a1ff-f2ad5c310000 |access-date=August 2, 2019}}</ref> Mu 2020, Trump wakalongozga mwambo wakusayinirana [[Abraham Accords]] pakati pa Israel, [[United Arab Emirates]] na [[Bahrain]] kuti ŵawovwire ubwezi wa vyaru ivi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=September 15, 2020 |title=Israel, U.A.E. and Bahrain Sign Accords, With an Eager Trump Playing Host |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/15/us/politics/trump-israel-peace-emirates-bahrain.html |access-date=February 9, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> [[File:President Trump & the First Lady's Trip to Europe (42547210635).jpg|thumb|Trump wakukorana mawoko na pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]] pa [[2018 Russia–United States Summit|msonkhano wa 2018]] ku Helsinki, Finland]] Mu 2018, Trump wakambiska [[China–United States trade war|nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States]] mwa kuŵika misonkho ya katundu na mphaka zinyake za malonda, wakuti vikachitikanga kuti China yimazge nthowa zake zambura urunji pa malonda na [[Allegations of intellectual property infringement by China|kwiba vinjeru vya ŵanyake]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Swanson |first=Ana |date=July 5, 2018 |title=Trump's Trade War With China Is Officially Underway |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/business/china-us-trade-war-trump-tariffs.html |access-date=May 26, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakanangiska chilango chikuru chomene icho United States yikaŵikapo pa Russia pamanyuma pa [[2014 Russian annexation of Crimea]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Zengerle |first=Patricia |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Bid to keep U.S. sanctions on Russia's Rusal fails in Senate |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-sanctions/bid-to-keep-u-s-sanctions-on-russias-rusal-fails-in-senate-idUSKCN1PA2JB |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Whalen |first=Jeanne |date=January 15, 2019 |title=In rare rebuke of Trump administration, some GOP lawmakers advance measure to oppose lifting Russian sanctions |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/16/rare-rebuke-trump-administration-some-gop-lawmakers-advance-measure-oppose-lifting-russian-sanctions/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kanandi wakalumbanga pulezidenti wa Russia [[Vladimir Putin]], ndipo ŵakususkana nayo ŵakati wakamususkanga pachoko waka,<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=August 10, 2017 |title=Trump Praises Putin Instead of Critiquing Cuts to U.S. Embassy Staff |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/10/world/europe/putin-trump-embassy-russia.html |access-date=June 7, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nussbaum |first=Matthew |date=April 8, 2018 |title=Trump blames Putin for backing 'Animal Assad' |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/08/trump-putin-syria-attack-508223 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> nangauli wakakananga vinyake ivyo boma la Russia likachitanga.<ref>{{cite news |date=December 21, 2019 |title=Nord Stream 2: Trump approves sanctions on Russia gas pipeline |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50875935 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Wakafumiska United States mu [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]] chifukwa wakati Russia yikapulikira yayi phangano ili,<ref>{{cite news |last=Bugos |first=Shannon |date=September 2019 |title=U.S. Completes INF Treaty Withdrawal |url=https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-09/news/us-completes-inf-treaty-withdrawal |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=[[Arms Control Association]]}}</ref> ndipo wakawovwira kuti Russia yiwezgekeso mu [[G7]].<ref name="G8">{{cite news |last=Panetta |first=Grace |date=June 14, 2018 |title=Trump reportedly claimed to leaders at the G7 that Crimea is part of Russia because everyone there speaks Russian |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-claims-crimea-is-part-of-russia-since-people-speak-russian-g7-summit-2018-6 |access-date=February 13, 2020 |work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> Apo [[North Korea's nuclear weapons|vilwero vya nyukiliya vya North Korea]] vikawonekanga kuti ni suzgo likuru,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Adam |last2=Meko |first2=Tim |date=December 21, 2017 |title=What made North Korea's weapons programs so much scarier in 2017 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/12/21/what-made-north-koreas-weapons-programs-so-much-scarier-in-2017/ |access-date=July 5, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Trump wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States uyo wakaŵa pa udindo kukumana na mulongozgi wa North Korea, [[Kim Jong Un]], ndipo ŵakakumana katatu pakati pa Juni 2018 na Juni 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Crowley |first2=Michael |author-link2=Michael Crowley (journalist) |date=June 30, 2019 |title=Trump Steps Into North Korea and Agrees With Kim Jong-un to Resume Talks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/30/world/asia/trump-north-korea-dmz.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kweni kudumbiskana pa [[denuclearization]] ya North Korea kukamara mu Okutobala 2019 kwambura kufika pa phangano lililose.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanger |first1=David E. |author-link1=David E. Sanger |last2=Sang-Hun |first2=Choe |author-link2=Choe Sang-hun |date=June 12, 2020 |title=Two Years After Trump-Kim Meeting, Little to Show for Personal Diplomacy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/world/asia/korea-nuclear-trump-kim.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tanner |first1=Jari |last2=Lee |first2=Matthew |author-link2=Matt Lee (journalist) |date=October 5, 2019 |title=North Korea Says Nuclear Talks Break Down While U.S. Says They Were 'Good' |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-ap-top-news-north-korea-vietnam-c66474b67b3e41cdad6d21ba3385ddc2 |access-date=July 21, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Trump wakakanizgikaso ivyo wakayowoyanga na ŵalaraŵalara ŵa visola vya boma,<ref>{{cite news |last=Woodward |first=Calvin |date=November 16, 2020 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump conclusively lost, denies the evidence |url=https://apnews.com/article/ap-fact-check-trump-conclusively-lost-bbb9d8c808021ed65d91aee003a7bc64 |access-date=November 17, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> ndipo Khoti Likuru Chomene likakana kupulika [[Texas v. Pennsylvania|mulandu uwo ukakhumbanga kuti usinthe ivyo vikafuma mu visola]] mu vyaru vinayi ivyo Biden wakathereska.<ref>{{cite news |last=Liptak |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Liptak |date=December 11, 2020 |title=Supreme Court Rejects Texas Suit Seeking to Subvert Election |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/11/us/politics/supreme-court-election-texas.html |access-date=October 9, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kanandi waka Trump wakapenja wovwiri wakuti wasinthe ivyo vikafuma mu visola, wakakanizga na kukakamizga yekha ŵalaraŵalara ŵa Republican ŵa mu malo na ŵa maboma,<ref name="amyG">{{cite news |last=Gardner |first=Amy |date=January 3, 2021 |title='I just want to find 11,780 votes': In extraordinary hour-long call, Trump pressures Georgia secretary of state to recalculate the vote in his favor |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-raffensperger-call-georgia-vote/2021/01/03/d45acb92-4dc4-11eb-bda4-615aaefd0555_story.html |access-date=January 20, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ŵimiliri ŵa malango ŵa Republican,<ref name="pressure">{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Anita |last2=Orr |first2=Gabby |last3=McGraw |first3=Meridith |date=December 21, 2020 |title=Inside Trump's pressure campaign to overturn the election |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/21/trump-pressure-campaign-overturn-election-449486 |access-date=December 22, 2020 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Dipatimenti ya Malango,<ref>{{cite news |last=Cohen |first=Marshall |date=November 5, 2021 |title=Timeline of the coup: How Trump tried to weaponize the Justice Department to overturn the 2020 election |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/11/05/politics/january-6-timeline-trump-coup/ |access-date=November 6, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> na Muteŵeti wa Pulezidenti Pence,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Haberman |first1=Maggie |author-link1=Maggie Haberman |last2=Karni |first2=Annie |author-link2=Annie Karni |date=January 5, 2021 |title=Pence Said to Have Told Trump that he Lacks Power to Change Election Result |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/us/politics/pence-trump-election-results.html |access-date=January 7, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakuŵachiska kuti ŵachite vinthu nga nkhusintha [[Ndondomeko ya ma elector ŵautesi ya Trump|ma elector ŵa pulezidenti]],<ref name="pressure" /> panji kuti ŵalaraŵalara ŵa Georgia [[Foni ya Trump–Raffensperger|"ŵasangepo" mavoti na kupharazga]] ivyo "vaweleraso kuŵerengeka".<ref name="amyG"/> Trump wakaluta yayi ku [[Kunjizgika mu udindo kwa Biden]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20.<ref>{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=January 20, 2021 |title=Trump Departs Vowing, 'We Will Be Back in Some Form' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/20/us/politics/trump-presidency.html |access-date=January 25, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Kuukira kwa pa Janyuwale 6 === {{main|[[Kuukira kwa pa United States Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, 2021|Kuukira kwa pa United States Capitol pa Janyuwale 6, 2021]]}} [[File:2021 storming of the United States Capitol DSC09254-2 (50820534063) (retouched).jpg|thumb|Mzinda wa ŵalondezgi ŵa Trump pa nyengo ya kuukira]] Pa Janyuwale&nbsp;6, 2021, apo [[Kuŵerenga mavoti gha Electoral College gha United States cha 2021|Congress yikakhazikiskanga ivyo vikafuma mu visola vya pulezidenti]], [[Msonkhano wa Trump wa pa Janyuwale 6|Trump wakachita msonkhano]] uwo wakachemerezgamo kuti ivyo vikafuma mu visola visinthike ndipo wakachiska ŵalondezgi ŵake kuti "ŵarwe mwankhongono" na "kuwezgerapo charu chithu" mwa kwenda ku Capitol.<ref>{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 10, 2021 |title=Incitement to Riot? What Trump Told Supporters Before Mob Stormed Capitol |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/10/us/trump-speech-riot.html |access-date=January 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵakawungana mu mzinda ndipo ŵakanjira mu nyumba ya Capitol, ŵakaparanya ndondomeko ya kukhozgera ivyo vikafuma mu visola ndipo ŵakachitiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu Congress ŵafumiskike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tan |first1=Shelley |last2=Shin |first2=Youjin |last3=Rindler |first3=Danielle |date=January 9, 2021 |title=How one of America's ugliest days unraveled inside and outside the Capitol |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/interactive/2021/capitol-insurrection-visual-timeline/ |access-date=May 2, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ŵapolisi ŵakujumpha 140 ŵakapwetekeka, ndipo ŵanthu ŵankhondi ŵakafwa pa nyengo ya kuukira panji pamanyuma pake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rubin |first1=Olivia |last2=Mallin |first2=Alexander |last3=Steakin |first3=Will |date=January 4, 2022 |title=By the numbers: How the Jan. 6 investigation is shaping up 1 year later |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/numbers-jan-investigation-shaping-year/story?id=82057743 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Cameron |first=Chris |date=January 5, 2022 |title=These Are the People Who Died in Connection With the Capitol Riot |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/05/us/politics/jan-6-capitol-deaths.html |access-date=January 29, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chinthu ichi chalongosoreka kuti chikaŵa [[kujipoka boma]] uko Trump wakayezga kuchita.{{sfn|Pion-Berlin|Bruneau|Goetze|2022}}{{sfn|Harvey|2022|p=3|}}{{sfn|Castañeda|Jenks|2023|p=246}} Pamanyuma pake Congress yikawunganaso ndipo yikakhozgera kuthereska kwa Biden m'maora ghakwambilira gha Janyuwale&nbsp;7.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregorian |first1=Dareh |last2=Gibson |first2=Ginger |last3=Kapur |first3=Sahil |last4=Helsel |first4=Phil |date=January 6, 2021 |title=Congress confirms Biden's win after pro-Trump mob's assault on Capitol |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-election/congress-begin-electoral-vote-count-amid-protests-inside-outside-capitol-n1253013 |access-date=January 8, 2021 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> == Pakati pa maulamuliro gha upulezidenti (2021–2025) == Wakati wafumanga mu White House, Trump wakamba kukhala ku Mar-a-Lago, ndipo wakakhazikiska ofesi kula nga umo vikulongosorekera mu [[Former Presidents Act|Former Presidents Act]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Jan |date=January 27, 2021 |title=Explainer: Why Trump's post-presidency perks, like a pension and office, are safe for the rest of his life |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment-benefits-explai-idUSKBN29W238 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ivyo wakalutilira kuyowoya mwautesi vya [[Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election|chisola cha 2020 icho wakati chikabika]] vikamanyikwanga chomene na awo ŵakamususkanga kuti "[[big lie|utesi ukuru]]", nangauli mu Meyi 2021, iyo na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakamulondezganga ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito mazgu agha pakuyowoya vya chisola chenechicho.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Solender |first=Andrew |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Trump Says He'll Appropriate 'The Big Lie' To Refer To His Election Loss |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2021/05/03/trump-says-hell-appropriate-the-big-lie-to-refer-to-his-election-loss/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="key2">{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=May 19, 2021 |title=The 5 key elements of Trump's Big Lie and how it came to be |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/19/politics/donald-trump-big-lie-explainer/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Chipani cha Republican chikagwiliskira ntchito ivyo wakayowoyanga mwautesi vya chisola kuti chilongosore chifukwa cha [[Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 United States presidential election|kwambiska malango ghaphya ghakukanizga kuvota]] kuti chiŵawovwire.<ref>{{cite news |last=Balz |first=Dan |author-link=Dan Balz |date=May 29, 2021 |title=The GOP push to revisit 2020 has worrisome implications for future elections |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-big-lie-elections-impact/2021/05/29/d7992fa2-c07d-11eb-b26e-53663e6be6ff_story.html |access-date=June 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Izaguirre |first1=Anthony |last2=Coronado |first2=Acacia |date=January 31, 2021 |title=GOP lawmakers seek tougher voting rules after record turnout |url=https://apnews.com/article/bills-voting-rights-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-voter-registration-0e94844d72d2a2bf8b51b1c950bd64fc |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=McCaskill |first=Nolan D. |date=March 15, 2021 |title=After Trump's loss and false fraud claims, GOP eyes voter restrictions across nation |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/15/voting-restrictions-states-475732 |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kukakamizga ŵimiliri ŵa maboma gha vigaŵa kuti ŵasinthe ivyo vikafuma mu chisola.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bender |first1=Michael C. |author-link1=Michael C. Bender |last2=Epstein |first2=Reid J. |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Trump Recently Urged a Powerful Legislator to Overturn His 2020 Defeat in Wisconsin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/us/politics/trump-wisconsin-election-call.html |access-date=August 13, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kupambana na ŵapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵakale, Trump wakalutilira kulamulira chipani chake; mbiri iyo yikalembeka mu ''The New York Times'' mu 2022 yikamulongosora nga ni [[party boss|mulongozgi mukuru wa chipani]] wa mazuŵa ghasono.<ref name="PB2">{{cite news |last=Goldmacher |first=Shane |date=April 17, 2022 |title=Mar-a-Lago Machine: Trump as a Modern-Day Party Boss |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/17/us/politics/trump-mar-a-lago.html |access-date=July 31, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalutilira kusanga ndalama za ndondomeko zake, ndipo wakasanga [[war chest|nkhokwe ya ndalama]] iyo yikaŵa yakuluska kaŵiri ya Chipani cha Republican, kweniso wakasanganga phindu kufuma ku vyakusonkhezgera ndalama ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa Republican ŵakachitiranga ku Mar-a-Lago. Chigaŵa chikuru cha ntchito yake chikaŵa pa kulongozga chipani na kuŵika ŵanthu ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo mu maudindo ghakuzirwa.<ref name="PB2" /> Mu [[2022 midterm elections|visola vya pakati pa nyengo ya 2022]], Trump wakazomerezga ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 200 kuti ŵapikisane pa maudindo ghakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paybarah |first=Azi |author-link=Azi Paybarah |date=August 2, 2022 |title=Where Trump's Endorsement Record Stands Halfway through Primary Season |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/02/us/politics/trump-endorsements-midterm-primary-election.html |access-date=August 3, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2022, kampani yake ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group|Trump Media & Technology Group]] (TMTG) yikambiska pulatifomu ya pa intaneti yakovwira Trump yakuchemeka [[Truth Social|Truth Social]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhuyian |first=Johana |date=February 21, 2022 |title=Donald Trump's social media app launches on Apple store |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/21/donald-trumps-social-media-app-truth-social-launches-on-apple-store |access-date=May 7, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2024, TMTG yikazgoka kampani ya pa msika wa masheya.<ref>{{cite news |last=Harwell |first=Drew |author-link=Drew Harwell |date=March 26, 2024 |title=Trump Media soars in first day of public tradings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/03/25/truth-social-trump-media-stock-market-billions/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango === {{see also|[[Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump|Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump]]|[[Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency|Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency]]}} Mu 2019, mulembi wa nkhani [[E. Jean Carroll|E. Jean Carroll]] wakamupa mulandu Trump kuti wakamuchitira chiheni cha kugonana mu m'ma 1990, ndipo [[E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump|wakamuphalira mulandu wa kumunangira zina]] chifukwa cha kukana kwake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ransom |first=Jan |date=November 4, 2019 |title=E. Jean Carroll, Who Accused Trump of Rape, Sues Him for Defamation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/04/nyregion/jean-carroll-sues-trump.html |access-date=January 24, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Carroll wakamuphaliraso mulandu mu 2022 pa mulandu wa [[Battery (crime)|battery]] kweniso kunangira zina.<ref>{{cite news |last=Weiser |first=Benjamin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Writer Who Accused Trump of Rape to File New Defamation Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/nyregion/donald-trump-jean-carroll-lawsuit.html |access-date=January 24, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu wa kuchitira munthu nkhaza za kugonana na kunangira zina, ndipo likamulamura kulipira ndalama zakukwana $5 miliyoni pa mulandu umoza<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Becky |last2=Bernstein |first2=Andrea |last3=Marritz |first3=Ilya |last4=Lawrence |first4=Quil |date=May 9, 2023 |title=A jury finds Trump liable for battery and defamation in E. Jean Carroll trial |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/05/09/1174975870/trump-carroll-verdict |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> na $83.3 miliyoni pa unyake.<ref name="uphold">{{cite news |last=Offenhartz |first=Jake |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-appeal-award-d587004df6f7c46ec4a17b563a38bfa9 |title=Appeals court upholds E. Jean Carroll's $83.3M defamation judgment against Trump |work=[[AP News]] |date=September 8, 2025 |access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> Makhoti ghapachanya gha apilu ghakakhozga vyeruzgo vyose na ndalama izi mu Disembala 2024 na Seputembala 2025, mwakulondezgana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Neumeister |first1=Larry |last2=Sisak |first2=Michael R. |date=December 30, 2024 |title=An appeals court upholds a $5 million award in a sexual abuse verdict against President-elect Trump |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-lawsuit-defamation-trial-78e4196024539653a6de492312770ff2 |access-date=December 31, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref name="uphold"/> Khoti Likuru la United States likakana pempho la Trump la kupempha apilu pa mulandu wakwamba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Supreme Court rejects Trump’s push to toss $5 million verdict in E. Jean Carroll sexual abuse case |last=Whitehurst |first=Lindsay |date=June 29, 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-supreme-court-e-jean-carroll-sexual-abuse-1a50d1e9e1d12898e78e0803c4627771 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=June 29, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2022, [[New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization|boma la New York likamuphalira mulandu wa boma]] Trump, likamupa mulandu wakuti wakasazgiranga mtengo wa Trump Organization kuti wasange chandulo kwa ŵakukongozga ndalama na mabanki.<ref>{{cite news |last=Scannell |first=Kara |date=September 21, 2022 |title=New York attorney general files civil fraud lawsuit against Trump, some of his children and his business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/21/politics/trump-new-york-attorney-general-letitia-james-fraud-lawsuit/index.html |access-date=September 21, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref name="TF">{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |date=February 17, 2024 |title=Trump Fraud Trial Penalty Will Exceed $450 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/16/nyregion/trump-civil-fraud-trial-ruling.html |access-date=February 17, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu ndipo likamulamura kulipira pafupifupi $355 miliyoni kweniso chiwongoladzanja.<ref name="TF" /> Mu Ogasiti 2025, khoti la apilu likakhozga kuti wali na mulandu na chilango chinyake chambura ndalama, kweni likafumyapo chilango cha ndalama chifukwa chikawonekanga kuti ntchakujumphizga.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/nyregion/trump-fraud-james.html |title=Divided Court Eliminates Trump's Half-Billion-Dollar Fine in Fraud Case |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 21, 2025 |access-date=August 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chifukwa cha ivyo Trump wakachita pakukhumba kusintha ivyo vikafuma mu chisola cha 2020 na kutorana kwake chigaŵa pa kuwukira kwa Januwale&nbsp;6, mu Disembala 2022 [[United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack|komiti yapadera ya Nyumba ya Wimiliri ya United States pa kuwukira uku]] yikapempha kuti wapike milandu ya uheni yakusazgapo [[obstructing an official proceeding|kunanga ntchito ya ndondomeko ya boma]], kukhuŵilizga panji kovwira kuwukira boma, kweniso [[conspiracy to defraud the United States|kupangana kuchitira chinyengo United States]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 19, 2022 |title=It's Unclear Whether the Justice Dept. Will Take Up the Jan. 6 Panel's Charges |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/19/us/politics/jan-6-trump-justice-dept.html |access-date=March 25, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Ogasiti 2023, gulu la ŵeruzgi ŵa ku [[Fulton County, Georgia|Fulton County, Georgia]] likamupa milandu 13, kusazgapo [[Georgia election racketeering prosecution|racketeering]], chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwake kunanga ivyo vikafuma mu chisola cha 2020 mu boma ili.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowell |first1=Hugo |last2=Wicker |first2=Jewel |date=August 15, 2023 |title=Donald Trump and allies indicted in Georgia over bid to reverse 2020 election loss |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/14/donald-trump-georgia-indictment-2020-election |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Drenon |first=Brandon |date=August 25, 2023 |title=What are the charges in Trump's Georgia indictment? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66503668 |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Mulandu uwu ukafumiskika mu Novembala 2025 pamanyuma pakuti mulembi muphya wa milandu wakakana kulutilira nawo.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fausset |first1=Richard |last2=Hakim |first2=Danny |title=Judge Dismisses Georgia Election Interference Case Against Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/26/us/trump-georgia-election-racketeering.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 26, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> == Pakati pa maulamuliro gha pulezidenti (2021–2025) == Wakati wafumanga mu White House, Trump wakamba kukhala ku Mar-a-Lago, ndipo wakakhazikiska ofesi kwenekura nga umo vikuperekekera na [[Former Presidents Act|Dango la Ŵapulezidenti Ŵakale]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Jan |date=January 27, 2021 |title=Explainer: Why Trump's post-presidency perks, like a pension and office, are safe for the rest of his life |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment-benefits-explai-idUSKBN29W238 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ivyo wakalutilira kuyowoya mwautesi pa [[Big lie#Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election|visola vya pulezidenti vya 2020 ivyo wakati vikabiwa]] vikachemekanga kanandi kuti "[[Big lie|utesi ukuru]]" na awo ŵakamususkanga, nangauli mu Meyi 2021, iyo na ŵanandi mwa ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito zina ili pakung'anamura chisola cheneko.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Solender |first=Andrew |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Trump Says He'll Appropriate 'The Big Lie' To Refer To His Election Loss |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2021/05/03/trump-says-hell-appropriate-the-big-lie-to-refer-to-his-election-loss/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="key2">{{cite news |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=May 19, 2021 |title=The 5 key elements of Trump's Big Lie and how it came to be |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/19/politics/donald-trump-big-lie-explainer/ |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Chipani cha Republican chikagwiliskira ntchito mazgu ghake ghautesi pa chisola kuti chilongosore [[Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 United States presidential election|kuŵikapo mphaka ziphya pa kuvota]] kuti viŵawovwire.<ref>{{cite news |last=Balz |first=Dan |author-link=Dan Balz |date=May 29, 2021 |title=The GOP push to revisit 2020 has worrisome implications for future elections |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-big-lie-elections-impact/2021/05/29/d7992fa2-c07d-11eb-b26e-53663e6be6ff_story.html |access-date=June 18, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Izaguirre |first1=Anthony |last2=Coronado |first2=Acacia |date=January 31, 2021 |title=GOP lawmakers seek tougher voting rules after record turnout |url=https://apnews.com/article/bills-voting-rights-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-voter-registration-0e94844d72d2a2bf8b51b1c950bd64fc |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=McCaskill |first=Nolan D. |date=March 15, 2021 |title=After Trump's loss and false fraud claims, GOP eyes voter restrictions across nation |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/15/voting-restrictions-states-475732 |access-date=January 17, 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kukakamizga ŵimiliri ŵa maboma kuti ŵawuske vyakufuma mu chisola.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bender |first1=Michael C. |author-link1=Michael C. Bender |last2=Epstein |first2=Reid J. |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Trump Recently Urged a Powerful Legislator to Overturn His 2020 Defeat in Wisconsin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/us/politics/trump-wisconsin-election-call.html |access-date=August 13, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kupambana na ŵapulezidenti ŵakale ŵanyake, Trump wakalutilira kulamulira chipani chake; mbiri iyo yikafuma mu ''The New York Times'' mu 2022 yikamulongosora nga ni [[party boss|mulongozgi mukuru wa chipani]] wa mazuŵa ghano.<ref name="PB2">{{cite news |last=Goldmacher |first=Shane |date=April 17, 2022 |title=Mar-a-Lago Machine: Trump as a Modern-Day Party Boss |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/17/us/politics/trump-mar-a-lago.html |access-date=July 31, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuwunganya ndalama, wakawunganya [[war chest|nkhokwe yikuru ya ndalama]] iyo yikaŵa yakuluska kaŵiri iyo ya Chipani cha Republican, ndipo wakasangaso phindu kufuma ku mawunganiro gha ndalama agho ŵanandi awo ŵakakhumbanga maudindo mwa Republican ŵakachitiranga ku Mar-a-Lago. Ghanandi mwa ntchito zake ghakaŵa pa ulongozgi wa chipani na kuŵika ŵanthu ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo mu maudindo ghakuzirwa.<ref name="PB2" /> Mu [[Visola vya pakati pa nyengo ya United States vya 2022|visola vya pakati pa nyengo vya 2022]], Trump wakapeleka chovwiri ku ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 200 awo ŵakakhumbanga maudindo ghakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paybarah |first=Azi |author-link=Azi Paybarah |date=August 2, 2022 |title=Where Trump's Endorsement Record Stands Halfway through Primary Season |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/02/us/politics/trump-endorsements-midterm-primary-election.html |access-date=August 3, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2022, kampani yake ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group]] (TMTG) yikamba malo ghakusangwaniska gha pa intaneti ghakucemeka [[Truth Social]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhuyian |first=Johana |date=February 21, 2022 |title=Donald Trump's social media app launches on Apple store |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/21/donald-trumps-social-media-app-truth-social-launches-on-apple-store |access-date=May 7, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Mu Malichi 2024, TMTG yikazgoka kampani ya pa msika wa masheya.<ref>{{cite news |last=Harwell |first=Drew |author-link=Drew Harwell |date=March 26, 2024 |title=Trump Media soars in first day of public tradings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/03/25/truth-social-trump-media-stock-market-billions/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Nkhani za malango === {{see also|[[Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump|Nkhani za malango za Donald Trump pa umoyo wake na bizinesi]]|[[Legal affairs of the first Trump presidency|Nkhani za malango pa ulamuliro wakwamba wa Trump]]}} Mu 2019, mulembi wa nkhani [[E. Jean Carroll]] wakamupa mulandu Trump kuti wakamuchita chinyamusi mu m'ma 1990 ndipo [[E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump|wakamusumba chifukwa cha kumunangira zina]] pamanyuma pakuti wakakana ivyo wakamupa mulandu.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ransom |first=Jan |date=November 4, 2019 |title=E. Jean Carroll, Who Accused Trump of Rape, Sues Him for Defamation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/04/nyregion/jean-carroll-sues-trump.html |access-date=January 24, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Carroll wakamusumba so mu 2022 chifukwa cha [[Battery (crime)|kukhuŵazga munthu]] kweniso kumunangira zina.<ref>{{cite news |last=Weiser |first=Benjamin |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Writer Who Accused Trump of Rape to File New Defamation Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/nyregion/donald-trump-jean-carroll-lawsuit.html |access-date=January 24, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu wa kuchita nkhaza za kugonana na kumunangira zina, ndipo likamulangura kulipira ndalama zakukwana $5 miliyoni pa mulandu umoza<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Becky |last2=Bernstein |first2=Andrea |last3=Marritz |first3=Ilya |last4=Lawrence |first4=Quil |date=May 9, 2023 |title=A jury finds Trump liable for battery and defamation in E. Jean Carroll trial |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/05/09/1174975870/trump-carroll-verdict |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> na $83.3 miliyoni pa unyake.<ref name="uphold">{{cite news |last=Offenhartz |first=Jake |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-appeal-award-d587004df6f7c46ec4a17b563a38bfa9 |title=Appeals court upholds E. Jean Carroll's $83.3M defamation judgment against Trump |work=[[AP News]] |date=September 8, 2025 |access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> Makhoti gha apilo gha boma ghakakhozga vyeruzgo vyose na ndalama izo mu Disembala 2024 na Seputembala 2025, mwakulondezgana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Neumeister |first1=Larry |last2=Sisak |first2=Michael R. |date=December 30, 2024 |title=An appeals court upholds a $5 million award in a sexual abuse verdict against President-elect Trump |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-carroll-lawsuit-defamation-trial-78e4196024539653a6de492312770ff2 |access-date=December 31, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref name="uphold"/> Khoti Likuru la United States likakana apilo la Trump pa mulandu wakwamba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Supreme Court rejects Trump’s push to toss $5 million verdict in E. Jean Carroll sexual abuse case |last=Whitehurst |first=Lindsay |date=June 29, 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-supreme-court-e-jean-carroll-sexual-abuse-1a50d1e9e1d12898e78e0803c4627771 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=June 29, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2022, [[New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization|boma la New York likamusumba pa mulandu wa boma]] Trump, likamupa mulandu wakuti wakakwezga mwakuteska mtengo wa Trump Organization kuti wasange chandulo kwa ŵakubwerekeska ndalama na mabanki.<ref>{{cite news |last=Scannell |first=Kara |date=September 21, 2022 |title=New York attorney general files civil fraud lawsuit against Trump, some of his children and his business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/21/politics/trump-new-york-attorney-general-letitia-james-fraud-lawsuit/index.html |access-date=September 21, 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref name="TF">{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |date=February 17, 2024 |title=Trump Fraud Trial Penalty Will Exceed $450 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/16/nyregion/trump-civil-fraud-trial-ruling.html |access-date=February 17, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Khoti likamusanga kuti wali na mulandu ndipo likamulangura kulipira pafupifupi $355 miliyoni pamoza na chiwongoladzanja.<ref name="TF" /> Mu Ogasiti 2025, khoti la apilo likakhozga mulandu wake na vilango vinyake vyambura ndalama, kweni likafumiskapo chilango cha ndalama chifukwa chikawoneka kuti chikaŵa chikuru chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bromwich |first1=Jonah E. |last2=Protess |first2=Ben |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/nyregion/trump-fraud-james.html |title=Divided Court Eliminates Trump's Half-Billion-Dollar Fine in Fraud Case |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 21, 2025 |access-date=August 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwa Trump kuwuska vyakufuma mu visola vya 2020 na umo wakachitikirapo pa kuwukira kwa January&nbsp;6, mu Disembala 2022 [[United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack|komiti ya Nyumba ya Ŵimiliri ya United States pa kuwukira kwa January 6]] yikapempha kuti wapikike milandu ya [[obstructing an official proceeding|kunanga ntchito ya boma]], kukhozga panji kovwira kuwukira boma, na [[conspiracy to defraud the United States|kupangana kuti wabere United States]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 19, 2022 |title=It's Unclear Whether the Justice Dept. Will Take Up the Jan. 6 Panel's Charges |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/19/us/politics/jan-6-trump-justice-dept.html |access-date=March 25, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Ogasiti 2023, jury likuru ku [[Fulton County, Georgia]] likamupa milandu 13, kusazgapo [[Georgia election racketeering prosecution|racketeering]], chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwake kunanga visola vya 2020 mu boma ili.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowell |first1=Hugo |last2=Wicker |first2=Jewel |date=August 15, 2023 |title=Donald Trump and allies indicted in Georgia over bid to reverse 2020 election loss |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/14/donald-trump-georgia-indictment-2020-election |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Drenon |first=Brandon |date=August 25, 2023 |title=What are the charges in Trump's Georgia indictment? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66503668 |access-date=December 22, 2023 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Mulandu uwu ukalekeka mu Novembala 2025 pamanyuma pakuti mupharazgi muphya wa boma wakakana kulondezga milandu iyi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fausset |first1=Richard |last2=Hakim |first2=Danny |title=Judge Dismisses Georgia Election Interference Case Against Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/26/us/trump-georgia-election-racketeering.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 26, 2025 |access-date=November 26, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu ghake, agho ghakachemanga ŵalwani ŵake ŵandale kuti "murwani", viyuni vyakofya, kweniso ŵafasisti, ghakalongosoreka na ŵanyake ŵakulemba mbiri na ŵasambiri kuti ghakaŵa gha ulamuliro wa nkhongono, gha [[Donald Trump and fascism|ufasisti]],<ref> * {{cite news |title=Trump campaign defends "vermin" speech amid fascist comparisons |url=https://www.axios.com/2023/11/13/trump-vermin-fascist-language-speech |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |date=November 13, 2023 |last=Basu |first=Zachary |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |last=Browning |first=Christopher R. |date=July 25, 2023 |title=A New Kind of Fascism |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/07/trump-second-term-isolationist-fascism/674791/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |title=Trump compares political opponents to 'vermin' who he will 'root out', alarming historians |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-compares-political-opponents-vermin-root-alarming-historians/story?id=104847748 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=November 13, 2023 |last1=Kim |first1=Soo Rin |last2=Ibssa |first2=Lalee |access-date=December 8, 2023}} * {{cite news |last=Ward |first=Myah |date=October 12, 2024 |title=We watched 20 Trump rallies. His racist, anti-immigrant messaging is getting darker. |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/12/trump-racist-rhetoric-immigrants-00183537 |access-date=October 12, 2024}} </ref> ndipo ghakaŵa ghakupambana na chilichose icho munthu wakupenja udindo wa ndale wali kuyowoyapo kale mu mbiri ya United States.<ref name="NYMag Never Sounded Like This">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/27/magazine/trump-rallies-rhetoric.html |title=Donald Trump Has Never Sounded Like This |work=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |date=April 27, 2024 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |last1=Homans |first1=Charles |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Lerer 10152024" /><ref name="Applebaum18">{{cite news |last=Applebaum |first=Anne |author-link=Anne Applebaum |date=October 18, 2024 |title=Trump Is Speaking Like Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini |work=[[The Atlantic]] |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2024/10/trump-authoritarian-rhetoric-hitler-mussolini/680296/ |access-date=October 18, 2024}}</ref> [[Age and health concerns about Donald Trump|Nkhawa pa vya msinkhu na umoyo wa Trump]] nazo zikawonekanga pa nyengo ya kampeni, apo ŵadokotala ŵanandi ŵakalongora kuti wakaŵa kwamba kuyowoya mwambura kulongosoka makora, [[tangential speech|kuyowoya kupatuka pa nkhani]], na [[Disinhibition|kuleka kujikora pa nkharo]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Baker (journalist) |last2=Freedman |first2=Dylan |date=October 6, 2024 |title=Trump's Speeches, Increasingly Angry and Rambling, Reignite the Question of Age |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/06/us/politics/trump-speeches-age-cognitive-decline.html |access-date=November 6, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Trump wakayowoya mazgu ghakuti "chisola chakunangiska" na "kunjilirapo pa chisola" nyengo zzinandi kweniso mwaluŵiro mu kampeni ya 2024 kuluska umo wakachitira mu makampeni gha 2016 na 2020.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lane |first1=Nathan |last2=Ulmer |first2=Alexandra |date=May 16, 2024 |title=Trump, allies are laying the groundwork to contest potential election loss |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-allies-are-laying-groundwork-contest-potential-election-loss-2024-05-16/ |access-date=September 12, 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="NYTDoubts">{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Smart |first2=Charlie |date=May 24, 2024 |title=Trump's Pattern of Sowing Election Doubt Intensifies in 2024 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/05/24/us/politics/trump-election-results-doubt.html |access-date=August 30, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pa Julayi&nbsp;13, 2024, Trump wakapwetekeka pa khutu na chipolopolo pa [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania|kuyezga kumukoma]] pa ungano wa kampeni ku [[Butler Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania|Butler Township, Pennsylvania]].<ref name="Browne-2024">{{cite news |last1=Browne |first1=Malachy |last2=Lum |first2=Devon |last3=Cardia |first3=Alexander |date=July 26, 2024 |title=Speculation Swirls About What Hit Trump. An Analysis Suggests It was a Bullet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/26/us/politics/trump-shooter-bullet-trajectory-ear.html |access-date=July 29, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hutchinson |first1=Bill |last2=Cohen |first2=Miles |date=July 16, 2024 |title=Gunman opened fire at Trump rally as witnesses say they tried to alert police |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/witnesses-trump-assassination-attempt-gunman-roof-shooting/story?id=111947616 |access-date=July 17, 2024 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=July 14, 2024 |title=AP Photos: Shooting at Trump rally in Pennsylvania |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-rally-shooting-photo-gallery-561478b3f90c950c741eeaa24c6dc159 |access-date=July 23, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Mazuŵa ghaŵiri ghakati ghajumphapo, [[2024 Republican National Convention|2024 Republican National Convention]] yikamusankha kuŵa wakwimira chipani pa chisola cha pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last=Astor |first=Maggie |date=July 15, 2024 |title=What to Know About J.D. Vance, Trump's Running Mate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/who-is-jd-vance-trump-vp.html |access-date=July 15, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Seputembala, wakasangikaso pa [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Florida|kuyezga kunyake kumukoma]] ku Florida, kweni wakapwetekeka yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Debusmann |first1=Bernd Jr |last2=Yousif |first2=Nadine |date=September 23, 2024 |title=Suspect described Trump 'assassination attempt' in pre-written note |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c89ly20vvgvo |access-date=November 21, 2024 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Trump wakathereska chisola mu Novembala 2024 na mavoti 312 gha Electoral College kuluska 226 gha vice president uyo wakaŵapo, Kamala Harris.<ref>{{cite news |title=2024 Presidential Election Results |url=https://apnews.com/projects/election-results-2024/ |date=November 25, 2024 |access-date=November 25, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Wakasangaso mavoti ghanandi gha ŵanthu wose na 49.8% apo Harris wakasanga 48.3%.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/resources/cms-content/documents/2024presgeresults.pdf |title=2024 Presidential Election Results |publisher=[[Federal Election Commission]] |date=January 16, 2025 |access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref> Kuthereska kwake mu 2024 kukachitika chomene chifukwa cha [[2021–2023 inflation surge|kukwera kwa mitengo pakati pa 2021 na 2023]].<ref name="Global Politics">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/global-politics-conservative-right-shift-ea0e8d05 |title=The Progressive Moment in Global Politics is Over |date=December 27, 2024 |access-date=December 27, 2024 |first1=Bertrand |last1=Benoit |first2=David |last2=Luhnow |first3=Vipal |last3=Monga |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Burn-Murdoch |first=John |date=December 29, 2024 |title=What the 'year of democracy' taught us, in 6 charts |url=https://www.ft.com/content/350ba985-bb07-4aa3-aa5e-38eda7c525dd |access-date=December 30, 2024 |work=[[Financial Times]] |quote=The billions who voted in 2024 sent an angry message to incumbents, and warmed to populists on left and right}}</ref> Mabungwe ghanandi gha nkhani ghakalongosora kuti kuweleraso kwake pa udindo uwu kukaŵa kwakuziziswa chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sheerin |first1=Jude |last2=Murphy |first2=Matt |date=November 6, 2024 |title=Trump pulls off historic White House comeback |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62l5zdv7zko |access-date=November 9, 2024 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Zeke |author-link1=Zeke Miller |last2=Price |first2=Michelle L. |last3=Weissert |first3=Will |last4=Colvin |first4=Jill |date=November 6, 2024 |title=Trump wins the White House in political comeback rooted in appeals to frustrated voters |url=https://apnews.com/article/election-day-trump-harris-white-house-83c8e246ab97f5b97be45cdc156af4e2 |access-date=November 9, 2024 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> == Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri (2025–sono) == {{main|[[Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri wa Donald Trump|Pulezidenti wa chiŵiri wa Donald Trump]]}} {{for timeline|[[Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies#Second presidency (2025–present)|Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies#Second presidency (2025–present)]]}} [[File:Donald Trump takes the oath of office (2025) (alternate).jpg|thumb|Wakulapa [[Oath of office of the President of the United States|chilapo cha pulezidenti]], chakulongozgeka na Chief Justice [[John Roberts]], pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2025]] Trump wakamba nyengo yake yachiŵiri pa [[Second inauguration of Donald Trump|kuŵikika kwake pa udindo]] pa Janyuwale&nbsp;20, 2025.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morgan |first1=David |last2=Borter |first2=Gabriella |last3=Mason |first3=Jeff |last4=Ax |first4=Joseph |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Trump sworn in a second time, says he was 'saved by God' to rescue America |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/triumphant-trump-returns-white-house-launching-new-era-upheaval-2025-01-20/ |access-date=January 20, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakazgoka [[List of presidents of the United States by age|pulezidenti muchekuru chomene uyo wali kunjira pa udindo]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Hussein |first=Mohamed H. |date=January 20, 2025 |title=How does Trump's age at inauguration compare with other presidents? |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/1/20/how-does-trumps-age-at-inauguration-compare-to-other-presidents |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> pulezidenti wakwamba kusangika na mulandu wa felony, kweniso munthu wachiŵiri kuteŵetera nyengo ziŵiri zakupatukana nga ni pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ogwude |first1=Haadiza |last2=Page |first2=Susan |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Is Donald Trump the oldest president sworn into office? A look at his historic feats |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2025/01/20/who-is-the-oldest-president-to-be-sworn-in-donald-trump/77776042007/ |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakasora ŵanandi awo ŵakalemba Project 2025 kuti ŵaŵe mu boma lake lachiŵiri;<ref>{{cite news |last1=Alfonseca |first1=Kiara |last2=Faulders |first2=Katherine |title=How Trump has infused parts of Project 2025 into his administration |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-project-2025-administration/story?id=116019369 |access-date=February 4, 2025 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=December 9, 2024}}</ref> pamanyuma pa chaka chakwamba cha nyengo yake yachiŵiri, pafupifupi hafu ya ndondomeko za pulojekiti iyi zikagwiriskirika ntchito.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ordoñez |first=Franco |url=https://www.npr.org/2026/01/19/nx-s1-5640006/trump-has-rolled-out-many-of-the-project-2025-policies-he-once-claimed-ignorance-about |title=Trump has rolled out many of the Project 2025 policies he once claimed ignorance about |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 19, 2026 |access-date=April 11, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Wendling |first=Mike |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yvvjw8pdvo |title=From Venezuela to immigration crackdown, Project 2025 provided Trump's roadmap |work=[[BBC News]] |date=February 26, 2026 |access-date=April 11, 2026}}</ref> Pakulongosora mphindano zake na mazaza gha makhoti, ''The New York Times'' yikati kuyezga kwake kusazgirako nkhongono za pulezidenti ni chimanyikwiro chikuru cha nyengo yake yachiŵiri.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/20/us/politics/trump-power-courts-crisis.html |title=How Trump Is Trying to Consolidate Power Over Courts, Congress and More |first1=Erica L. |last1=Green |first2=Zolan |last2=Kanno-Youngs |author-link2=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |first3=Maggie |last3=Haberman |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 20, 2025 |access-date=March 20, 2025 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Nyengo yachiŵiri ya Trump yikaŵa na kupharazga ndondomeko zakupambanapambana, kuchedweskeka, kweniso kusintha ivyo vikachitika, ndipo vikapangiska kuti lizgu lakuti "[[Trump Always Chickens Out|TACO]]" liyambe kugwiriskirika ntchito pakulongosora umo wakachitiranga.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/chaos-confusion-reversals-trump-second-term-rcna200649 |title=Chaos, confusion and reversals: The story of Trump's second term so far |first=Peter |last=Nicholas |date=April 14, 2025 |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=April 25, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Crowley |first=Kinsey |date=January 22, 2026 |title=Trump's Greenland deal has some saying TACO again. What does it mean? |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2026/01/22/donald-trump-taco-greenland-davos-deal/88298149007/ |access-date=April 25, 2026}}</ref> === Ivyo wakachita pakwamba === {{see also|First 100 days of the second Trump presidency}} Pambere pajumphapo mwezi umoza kufika pa mazuŵa 100 gha nyengo yachiŵiri ya Trump, wakaŵa kuti [[List of executive orders in the second Trump presidency|wasaina ma executive order ghanandi]] kuluska pulezidenti waliyose wa United States mu mazuŵa ghakwamba 100 gha ulamuliro wake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doan |first1=Laura |last2=Ingram |first2=Julia |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-issues-record-100-executive-order-of-second-term-breakdown/ |title=Trump issues record 100th executive order within first 100 days of term. Here's a breakdown. |work=[[CBS News]] |date=March 26, 2025 |access-date=November 8, 2025}}</ref> Kufika pakati pa Janyuwale 2026, ma order na vyakuchita vyake vikakwimikana na milandu yakujumpha 550 mu makhoti mu charu chose. Pa milandu iyi, awo ŵakamusumanga ŵakapunda pa milandu 195, boma likapunda pa milandu 109, milandu 16 yikaŵa na vyeruzgo vyakupambana, milandu 228 yikaŵa yindamalizgike, ndipo milandu 25 yikajalika.<ref>{{cite web |date=January 12, 2026 |title=Litigation Tracker: Legal Challenges to Trump Administration Actions |url=https://www.justsecurity.org/107087/tracker-litigation-legal-challenges-trump-administration/ |access-date=January 13, 2026 |website=[[Just Security]]}}</ref> Ŵeruzgi awo ŵakasankhika na ma Republican na ma Democrat wose ŵakasanga kuti ndondomeko zinandi za boma la Trump zikaŵa na ubudi wa malango gha Dango Likuru na malango ghanyake gha boma.<ref>Multiple sources: * {{cite news |last1=Parker |first1=Ned |last2=Spector |first2=Mike |last3=Eisler |first3=Peter |last4=So |first4=Linda |last5=Raymond |first5=Nate |title=These judges ruled against Trump. Then their families came under attack. |url=https://www.reuters.com/investigations/these-judges-ruled-against-trump-then-their-families-came-under-attack-2025-05-02/ |access-date=August 9, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=May 2, 2025}} * {{cite news |last1=Blake |first1=Aaron |title=It's not just 'leftist' judges. GOP appointees have many sharp words for Trump. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/04/24/republican-judges-oppose-trump/ |access-date=August 9, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=April 24, 2025}} * {{cite news |author=The Editorial Board |title= 'Egregious'. 'Brazen'. 'Lawless'. How 48 Judges Describe Trump's Actions, in Their Own Words |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/07/12/opinion/editorials/federal-judges-quotes-trump-administration.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 9, 2025 |access-date=August 9, 2025}}</ref> Pamanyuma pakuti watondeka pa milandu yinandi ya makhoti, Trump wakasazgirako kususka kwake vyeruzgi ndipo wakachema kuti ŵeruzgi ŵa boma awo ŵakeruzga vyakususkana nayo ŵafumiskike pa maudindo ghawo mwa impeachment.<ref>{{cite news |last=Riccardi |first=Nicholas |date=March 16, 2025 |title=Trump administration ramps up rhetoric targeting the courts amid mounting legal setbacks |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-courts-judges-rule-of-law-85058a5ffcef105d4ea2ce0ef078f084 |access-date=March 20, 2025}}</ref> Kufika pakati pa Julayi 2025, kuwunika kwa ''[[Washington Post]]'' kukasanganga kuti wakakananga kupulikira ŵeruzgi na makhoti pa pafupifupi chigaŵa chimoza pa vitatu vya milandu yose iyo yikamukhwaskanga, ivyo ŵakumanya vya malango ŵakavichema kuti ni vyambura kuchitikapo kale pa boma lililose la pulezidenti.<ref>{{cite news |last=Jouvenal |first=Justin |date=July 21, 2025 |title=Trump officials accused of defying 1 in 3 judges who ruled against him |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/07/21/trump-court-orders-defy-noncompliance-marshals-judges/ |url-access=limited |access-date=August 1, 2025}}</ref> Boma lake likati lili na wanangwa wa mu Dango Likuru wakuleka kulondezga malango gha boma pakulongosora vinyake ivyo likachitanga, nga nkhuleka kulondezga [[Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act|dango la boma lakukanizga TikTok]], apo ŵakumanya vya malango ŵakati ichi chikung'anamura kuti likujipa "nkhongono ya mu Dango Likuru yakupa wanangwa makampani panji ŵanthu kuchita vinthu vyambura kuzomerezgeka na dango kwambura kulangika".<ref>{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=July 3, 2025 |title=Trump Claims Sweeping Power to Nullify Laws, Letters on TikTok Ban Show |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/03/us/politics/trump-bondi-tiktok-executive-power.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=August 23, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode |last=Lucas |first=Ryan |date=March 19, 2025 |title=Experts say Trump's targeting of law firms is unprecedented |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/03/19/nx-s1-5323890/experts-say-trumps-targeting-of-law-firms-is-unprecedented |series=[[All Things Considered]] |work=[[NPR News]] |access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Scarcella |first1=Mike |last2=Merken |first2=Sara |last3=Sloan |first3=Karen |date=March 21, 2025 |title=Law firm Paul Weiss defends deal with Trump as lawyers sound alarm |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/trumps-deal-with-law-firm-paul-weiss-sparks-alarm-among-lawyers-2025-03-21/ |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=April 13, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === [[Kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha (2025–sono)|Kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha (2025–sono)]] === {{further|[[Second presidency of Donald Trump#Ethics|Second presidency of Donald Trump]]|[[Cryptocurrency in the second Trump presidency]]}} Nyengo yachiŵiri ya ulamuliro wa Trump yikulongosoreka kuti yikaŵa na vigeŵenga vichoko vyakuvikilira ku kususkana kwa vyakukhwaskana na vinthu vya munthu yekha kuluska nyengo yake yakwamba,<ref name="Yourish 2025">{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Lipton |first2=Eric |author-link2=Eric Lipton |last3=Gamio |first3=Lazaro |date=January 17, 2025 |title=An Illustrated Guide to Trump's Conflict of Interest Risks |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/01/17/us/politics/trump-conflicts-of-interest.html |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Schouten 2025">{{cite news |last=Schouten |first=Fredreka |date=January 8, 2025 |title=Gold-plated watches and electoral map sneakers: Trump's newest merchandise raises conflict of interest questions |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/08/politics/trump-conflicts-of-interest-second-term/index.html |access-date=January 18, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> kuswa miyambo ya nkharo yiwemi iyo yikakhala kwa vyaka vinandi,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lipton |first1=Eric |author-link1=Eric Lipton |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=February 17, 2025 |title=With Congress Pliant, an Emboldened Trump Pushes His Business Interests |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/17/us/politics/trump-ethics-conflicts-business-adams.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo yikapangiska ŵanthu ŵanandi kufipa mtima na katangale.<ref name="Savage 05122025">{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=May 12, 2025 |title=Trump's Plan to Take Jet From Qatar Heightens Corruption Concerns |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/12/us/trump-qatar-jet-plane.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 18, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Stringer |first1=Connor |last2=Lawford |first2=Melissa |date=May 18, 2025 |title='It's open season for corruption': How Trump turned the White House into a cash cow |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2025/05/18/trump-turned-white-house-cash-machine/ |access-date=May 18, 2025 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuŵa na kampani ya pa msika wa masheya ya [[Trump Media & Technology Group]], ndipo wakayisazgirapo ntchito za ndalama.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump Media launches FinTech services brand amid crypto boom |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/trump-media-launches-fintech-services-brand-2025-01-29/ |date=January 29, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakapenja mapangano ghaphya gha malo gha nyumba mu vyaru vinyake agho ghakakhwaskanga mabungwe agho ghakaŵa pamoza na maboma, ndipo wakaŵaso na mapangano ghanandi gha branding na licensing gha kuguliska vinthu vya mtundu wa Trump.<ref name="Yourish 2025"/> Wakasanganga ndalama kufuma ku vyakuchitika pa mahotelo ghake na pa malo ghake ghakuseŵerako gofu, ndipo wakaŵika yayi usambazi wake mu ''blind trust'', nga umo mapulezidenti ŵanyake ŵakachitiranga.<ref name="Schouten 1232025">{{cite news |last=Schouten |first=Fredreka |date=January 23, 2025 |title='The gloves are off': Trump appears poised to cash in from his presidency in new ways |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/23/politics/ethics-business-trump-presidency/index.html}}</ref> Wakachita malonda gha masheya ghanandi chomene mu makampani agho ghakaŵa na malonda ghanandi na boma la federal, ghakukwana mazana ghanandi gha mamiliyoni gha madola mu malonda ghakujumpha masauzandi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Becket |first1=Stefan |last2=Manthey |first2=Grace |last3=Ingram |first3=Julia |date=June 15, 2026 |title=Explore Trump's 3,600 stock trades from the first 3 months of 2026 |work=[[CBS News]] |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/projects/2026/trump-stock-trades/}}</ref> Trump wakambiska, wakalimbikiska, ndipo wakapindulanga yekha na [[The Trump Organization#Other ventures and investments|ma token ghaŵiri gha cryptocurrency]] ("[[meme coin]]"), [[$Trump]] na $Melania.<ref name="Weissert 1222025">{{cite news |last=Weissert |first=Will |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Trump has canceled Biden's ethics rules. Critics call it the opposite of 'drain the swamp' |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-revokes-ethics-rules-drain-swamp-b8e3ba0f98c9c60af11a8e70cbc902bd |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Suderman |first=Alan |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-crypto-meme-coin-token-75bf67ef9e6e54bf455f2f9f03470be3 |title=Trump promotes new meme coin before taking office on pro-crypto agenda |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 19, 2025 |access-date=May 10, 2025}}</ref> Wakapindulaso na kampani ya cryptocurrency ya mbumba yake ya [[World Liberty Financial]], iyo yikasazga pamoza bizinesi ya munthu yekha na ndondomeko za boma mu nthowa yambura kuchitikapo kale.<ref name="Lipton 04292025">{{cite news |last1=Lipton |first1=Eric |author-link1=Eric Lipton |last2=Yaffe-Ballany |first2=David |last3=Protess |first3=Ben |date=April 29, 2025 |title=Secret Deals, Foreign Investments, Presidential Policy Changes: The Rise of Trump's Crypto Firm |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/29/us/politics/trump-crypto-world-liberty-financial.html |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kufika mu Juni 2026, kuwunika kwa Reuters kukati Trump na mbumba yake ŵakasanga ndalama zakukwana US$2.3 biliyoni kufuma ku mabizinesi ghawo gha crypto, apo ŵakuguliska ŵanyake ŵakataya ndalama zakuyana waka na izi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bergin |first1=Tom |last2=Conlin |first2=Michelle |last3=Qing |first3=Koh Gui |last4=Wilson |first4=Tom |date=June 9, 2026 |title=Under the Trump crypto playbook, the family always wins. Investors don't |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/investigations/under-trump-crypto-playbook-family-always-wins-investors-dont-2026-06-09/ |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Sayansi ==== {{main|2025 United States federal government grant pause}} Trump wakalekeska na kulekeska ndalama za boma (federal grants) ndipo wakachepeska chomene ndalama zakovwira kafukufuku wa sayansi,<ref>{{cite news |last=Casselman |first=Ben |author-link=Ben Casselman |date=March 31, 2025 |title=Trump's Science Policies Pose Long-Term Risk, Economists Warn |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/31/business/economy/trump-research-cutbacks-economy.html |url-access=limited |access-date=April 3, 2025}}</ref> ndipo ŵeruzgi na [[Government Accountability Office]] ŵakasanga kuti vinyake mwa ivyo wakachita vikaŵa vyakususka dango ndiposo vyakususka Dango Likuru la United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Waldman |first=Annie |date=June 17, 2025 |title=Federal Judge Deems Trump Administration's Termination of NIH Grants Illegal |work=[[ProPublica]] |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-nih-grant-terminations-illegal |access-date=August 16, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Fischler |first=Jacob |date=August 7, 2025 |title=Trump illegally froze 1,800 NIH medical research grants, Congress' watchdog says |work=[[Government Executive]] |url=https://www.govexec.com/oversight/2025/08/trump-illegally-froze-1800-nih-medical-research-grants-congress-watchdog-says/407296/ |access-date=January 24, 2026}}</ref> Trump pamoza na ndondomeko ya boma lake ya [[Make America Healthy Again]] ŵakakhozga maghanoghano ghakususkana na sayansi ([[anti-science]]) kweniso kampeni zakususka katemera ([[anti-vaccine activism]]), ivyo vikapangiska kuti matenda nga whooping cough na measles ghaleke kuchepa ndipo ghambe kusazgikaso.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Michelle R. |last2=Ungar |first2=Laura |date=October 21, 2025 |title=Anti-science bills hit statehouses, stripping away public health protections built over a century |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/vaccines-fluoride-kennedy-trump-science-antiscience-legislation-73af8e65f407331e8f31b2909812a004 |access-date=October 22, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sun |first1=Lena H. |last2=Diamond |first2=Dan |date=September 23, 2025 |title=Trump's escalating attacks on vaccines shock public health leaders |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2025/09/23/trump-vaccines-autism-mmr-schedule/ |access-date=October 22, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== Vinthu vya vyakofya vya charu/ndondomeko ya umoyo ==== Trump wakagwiliskiranga ntchito kulengeza vyakofya vya charu (national emergencies) kuti walongore chifukwa cha kuchitira vinthu vinandi ndiposo kujumpha kuzomerezgeka na Congress panji kuwunikika na mabungwe ghakulaŵilira malango.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Smart |first2=Charlie |date=August 22, 2025 |title=How Trump Used 10 Emergency Declarations to Justify Hundreds of Actions |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/08/22/us/politics/trump-emergency-immigration-tariffs-crime.html |access-date=August 23, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mwachiyelezgero, wakalengeza kuti mu charu mukaŵa suzgo la vyamphamvu (national energy emergency), ivyo vikazomerezga kulekeska malango ghakovwira kusungilira chilengiwa, kulekelera malango ghakukhwaskana na kukumba mafuta gha fossil fuel, kweniso kuchepeska mapulojekiti gha magesi ghakufuma ku vyakuthupi vyakuweleraso (renewable energy).<ref>{{cite news |last=Elliott |first=Rebecca F. |title=Oil Companies Embrace Trump, but Not 'Drill, Baby, Drill' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/27/business/energy-environment/oil-trump-drill-baby-drill.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 27, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Brady |first=Jeff |title=Trump's energy emergency is a gift to fossil fuel firms. It's likely headed to court |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/01/22/nx-s1-5269717/trump-energy-emergency-climate |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 22, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref> Mu ulamuliro wake wakwamba, Trump wakafumiska United States mu [[Paris Agreement]] pa nkhani ya kusintha kwa nyengo. [[Presidency of Joe Biden|Joe Biden]] wakaweleramo mu phangano ili mu 2021, kweni Trump wakalifumiskaso charu ichi mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Daly |first1=Matthew |last2=Borenstein |first2=Seth |date=January 20, 2025 |title=Trump signs executive order directing US withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement — again |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-paris-agreement-climate-change-788907bb89fe307a964be757313cdfb0 |access-date=January 23, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> ==== Vinthu vya mu chikaya ==== Trump wakatimbanga masuzgo gha mu chikaya pa ndondomeko za [[diversity, equity, and inclusion]] (DEI) na maghanoghano gha [[Woke#United States|wokeness]].<ref name="Green250203">{{cite news |last=Green |first=Erica L. |date=February 3, 2025 |title=As Trump Attacks Diversity, a Racist Undercurrent Surfaces |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/03/us/politics/trump-diversity-racism.html |access-date=February 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pakuyaniska kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵamitundu yakupambanapambana na kuleka kumanya ntchito,<ref name="Green250203" /> wakawuskapo ndondomeko za boma la federal zakukhozga kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵamitundu yakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Erica L. |last2=Aleaziz |first2=Hamed |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Federal Workers Ordered to Report on Colleagues Over D.E.I. Crackdown |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/politics/trump-order-discrimination-federal-hiring.html |access-date=February 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hurley |first=Lawrence |date=February 3, 2025 |title=Under Trump, conservatives reignite a battle over race and the Constitution |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-conservatives-reignite-battle-race-constitution-rcna189842 |access-date=February 4, 2025}}</ref> Wakawopsyezgaso mabungwe gha chikhalidwe chifukwa cha nkhani za DEI,<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's changes to the Smithsonian are the latest in his takeover of the arts |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/03/29/nx-s1-5333720/trumps-changes-to-the-smithsonian-are-the-latest-in-his-takeover-of-the-arts |last1=Blair |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Simon |first2=Scott |author-link2=Scott Simon |date=March 29, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> kweniso mayunivesite 60 pa nkhani yakuti ghakalephera kulimbana na kususka Ŵayuda (antisemitism),<ref name="WSJed">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/anti-semitism-task-force-who-247c234e |title=The Little-Known Bureaucrats Tearing Through American Universities |last1=Whyte |first1=Liz Essley |last2=Belkin |first2=Douglas |last3=Randazzo |first3=Sara |date=April 14, 2025 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ndipo wakachichizga makampani gha maloya kuti ghazomerezgane na ndondomeko zake za ndale.<ref name="APfirms">{{cite news |last=Tucker |first=Eric |date=April 11, 2025 |title=Trump reaches deals with 5 law firms, allowing them to avoid prospect of punishing executive orders |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-law-firms-executive-order-fe8f38a61cf77c5bb6add1315f5f96f1 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Wakakanizga ŵanthu ŵa transgender kunjira mu ŵasilikari [[Persecution of transgender people under the second Trump administration|kwizira mu malango gha pulezidenti na vinthu vinyake]];<ref>{{cite news |last=Neff |first=Cy |title=US to begin immediate removal of up to 1,000 trans military members |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/may/08/trump-pentagon-trans-military-ban |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 9, 2025 |access-date=October 1, 2025}}</ref> wakachepeska panji kulekeska ndalama zakovwira munkhwala wakovwira kusintha thupi mwakukolerana na jenda (gender-affirming healthcare); wakasuska [[inclusive language]];<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yourish |first1=Karen |last2=Daniel |first2=Annie |last3=Datar |first3=Saurabh |last4=White |first4=Isaac |last5=Gamio |first5=Lazaro |title=These Words Are Disappearing in the New Trump Administration |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/03/07/us/trump-federal-agencies-websites-words-dei.html |access-date=September 10, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> wakakanizga vinthu vya kafukufuku na masambiro;<ref>{{cite news |last=Hansford |first=Amelia |date=August 27, 2025 |title=US government orders 46 states to destroy trans education materials |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2025/08/27/trans-education-us-state-directive/ |access-date=September 1, 2025 |work=[[PinkNews]]}}</ref> wakasuzga masukulu, mayunivesite na mabungwe gha chikhalidwe agho boma lake likati ghakukhozga icho likachemanga kuti "gender ideology";<ref name="npr-ideology">{{cite news |last=Kurtzleben |first=Danielle |date=February 7, 2025 |title=Trump's executive actions curbing transgender rights focus on 'gender ideology' |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/g-s1-46893/trump-anti-trans-rights-executive-action-gender-ideology-confusion |access-date=February 16, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> wakakanizga ŵaseŵera ŵa transgender kuchita maseŵero, ndipo wakalangura kuti mapasipoti gha United States ghasonyezgenge kugonana uko munthu wakababikira, m'malo mwa jenda ilo wakujimanyiska nalo.<ref>{{cite news |date=November 17, 2025 |last=Harmon |first=Amy |author-link=Amy Harmon |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=New Passport Rule Sends Blunt and Sweeping Message to Trans Americans |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/17/us/transgender-passports-supreme-court.html |access-date=November 19, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ==== One Big Beautiful Bill Act ==== {{main|One Big Beautiful Bill Act}} Mu Julayi 2025, Trump wakasaina dango la One Big Beautiful Bill Act kuti liŵe dango la boma. Dango ili likapangiska kuti kuchepeskeka kwa misonkho uko kukapelekeka mwanyengo yichoko waka mu [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act]] ya 2017 kuŵe kwamuyirayira, ndipo likasazgirapo vinyake vyakuchepeskera misonkho vyakukwana pafupifupi madola thiriliyoni 4.5, ivyo vikawovwira chomene ŵanthu ŵakusanga ndalama zinandi, apo ŵanthu ŵakusanga ndalama zichoko ŵakaghanaghanikanga kuti ŵataye madola 1,600 pa chaka. Dango ili likasazgirako ndalama za kuvikilira charu, kufumiska ŵanthu mu charu (deportations), kuzenga mpanda wa mphaka, kweniso ndondomeko ya Trump ya [[Golden Dome (missile defense system)|Golden Dome]] yakuvikilira charu ku ma missile. Likafumiskapo ndalama zakuwelera misonkho (tax credits) pa magesi ghakufuma ku mphepo na dazi kweniso kwa ŵanthu awo ŵakugura magalimoto gha magetsi. Dango ili likachepeskaso ndalama za [[Medicaid]] na [[Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program|SNAP]], ndipo likasazgirapo mphango zinyake zakuti munthu waŵe wakwenelera kupokera wovwiri, kweniso malipiro gha madola 35 pa mauteŵeti ghanyake gha Medicaid. Kuchepeska ndalama na mphango ziphya izi vikeneranga kwamba kugwira ntchito pamanyuma pa visola vya charu chose vya 2026. [[Congressional Budget Office]] yikaghanaghana kuti dango ili lisazgirenge ngongoli ya boma na madola thiriliyoni 3.4 kufika mu 2034, ŵanthu mamiliyoni 11.8 ŵataye wovwiri wa Medicaid, ndipo ŵanthu mamiliyoni 3 ŵalekenge kupokera wovwiri wa SNAP.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Freking |first1=Kevin |last2=Mascaro |first2=Lisa |url=https://apnews.com/article/what-is-republican-trump-tax-bill-f65be44e1050431a601320197322551b |title=What's in the tax and spending bill that Trump has signed into law |work=[[AP News]] |date=July 3, 2025 |access-date=July 12, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Romm |first1=Tony |last2=Duehren |first2=Andrew |last3=Sanger-Katz |first3=Margot |last4=Plumer |first4=Brad |last5=Wood |first5=Daniel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/02/us/politics/tax-cuts-benefit-cuts.html |title=Tax Cuts Now, Benefit Cuts Later: The Timeline in the Republican Megabill |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 2, 2025 |access-date=July 12, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Kusamukira mu charu (2025–sono) === {{main|Ndondomeko ya kusamukira mu charu ya boma lachiŵiri la Trump|Kufumiska ŵanthu mu charu mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} {{further|Mexico–United States border crisis#Second Trump administration (2025–present)|Mexico–United States border wall#Second Trump administration (2025–present)|Visa and deportation controversies in the second Trump administration}} Mu mazuŵa ghakwambilira gha ulamuliro wake, Trump wakalangura ŵantchito ŵa Border Patrol kuti ŵafumiskenge mwaluŵiro ŵanthu awo ŵakanjiranga mu charu mwambura kuzomerezgeka kwizira pa mphaka, ndipo wakaleka kugwiliskira ntchito pulogiramu ya [[CBP One]] iyo yikagwiliskirikanga ntchito pakunozga nyengo yakujumphira pa mphaka. Trump wakawelereskaso ndondomeko ya [[Remain in Mexico]], wakachema magulu gha ŵanthu ŵakuchita malonda gha munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo kuti ni magulu gha uchigeŵenga (terrorist groups), ndipo wakalangura kuti ntchito yakuzenga mpanda wa pa mphaka yiyambeso.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bustillo |first=Ximena |title=Trump signs sweeping actions on immigration and border security on Day 1 |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/01/20/g-s1-43650/trump-inauguration-day-one-immigration |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 20, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref><ref name="Cbsjan28">{{cite news |last=Montoya-Galvez |first=Camilo |title=Trump's sweeping immigration crackdown targets some legal means to enter U.S., too |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-migrants-crackdown-legal-immigration/ |website=[[CBS News]] |date=January 28, 2025 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}</ref> Wakafumiskaso udindo wa parole wa ŵanthu awo ŵakanjira mu United States kwizira mu CBP One, ndipo wakamalizga [[Parole for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans|humanitarian parole]] ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Cuba, Haiti na Nicaragua.<ref name="Cbsjan28" /> Mu Malichi 2025, wakagwiliskira ntchito [[Alien Enemies Act]] ya 1798 kuti [[March 2025 American deportations of Venezuelans|wafumiske ŵanthu ŵakusama mu charu kwambura kuŵeruzgika]], kuti ŵakakakike ku [[Terrorism Confinement Center]] ku El Salvador.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Renteria |first1=Nelson |last2=O'Boyle |first2=Brendan |last3=Cortes |first3=Raul |date=March 20, 2025 |title=Explainer: What is El Salvador's mega-prison holding Venezuelans deported from the US? |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/what-is-el-salvadors-mega-prison-that-could-take-us-criminals-2025-02-04/ |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref> Trump wakasuzga ŵanthu ŵakachitanga kampeni, ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu mwakuzomerezgeka, ŵalendo kweniso ŵasambiri awo ŵakaŵa na visa ndipo ŵakasuskanga ndondomeko zake panji ŵakakhozganga nkhani ya Palestine.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kanno-Youngs |first1=Zolan |author-link1=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |last2=Pager |first2=Tyler |last3=Aleaziz |first3=Hamed |date=March 21, 2025 |title=As Trump Broadens Crackdown, Focus Expands to Legal Immigrants and Tourists |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/21/us/politics/trump-immigration-visa-crackdown.html |access-date=March 29, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku America nawo ŵakakakika na kufumiskika mu charu.<ref>{{cite news |last=Danner |first=Chas |date=May 3, 2025 |title=All the U.S. Citizens Who've Been Caught Up in Trump's Immigration Crackdown |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/tracking-us-citizens-children-detained-deported-ice-trump-updates.html |access-date=May 4, 2025 |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Kampeni yake yakufumiska ŵanthu mu charu mwankhongono yikapangiska viwoneskero vikuru mu charu chose kweniso nkhondo pakati pa ŵanthu ŵakusama mu charu, ŵawoneskeri na ŵalara ŵa boma. Vinthu ivi vikakura chomene pamanyuma pakuti ŵalara ŵa boma ŵakakoma ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku America mu [[Operation Metro Surge]] mu Janyuwale 2026.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hesson |first1=Ted |last2=Cooke |first2=Kristina |date=January 10, 2026 |title=Trump's showy immigration enforcement leads to violent confrontations |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trumps-showy-immigration-enforcement-leads-violent-confrontations-2026-01-10/ |access-date=January 31, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rao |first1=Sonia A. |last2=Mayorquín |first2=Orlando |last3=Schweber |first3=Nate |last4=Watkins |first4=Rhianwen |last5=Bonamo |first5=Mark |date=January 30, 2026 |title=Protesters Denounce Trump Immigration Tactics in 'National Shutdown' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/30/us/minnesota-ice-protests-trump-immigration.html |access-date=January 31, 2026 |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake (2025–sono) === {{main|Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake za boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} {{further|Misonkho ya katundu mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump|Nkhondo ya malonda pakati pa China na United States|Nkhondo ya malonda ya United States na Canada na Mexico ya 2025–2026|Kukhumba kusazgirako charu cha America mu nyengo ya Donald Trump|Nkhondo ya Iran ya 2026}} Ndondomeko za vyaru vinyake za Trump mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri zikulongosoreka kuti zikaŵa zakukhumba kusazgirako malo gha United States (expansionism) kweniso za ufumu wa America (imperialism).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Colvin |first1=Jill |last2=Gillies |first2=Rob |date=January 9, 2025 |title=Trump, the 'America First' candidate, has a new preoccupation: Imperialism |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-imperialism-canada-panama-greenland-b4b53445dee97398b498b79eab54d49b |access-date=January 28, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Erlanger |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Erlanger |date=January 7, 2026 |title=Europe and Rest of World Try to Come to Terms With Trump the Imperialist |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/07/world/europe/trump-venezuela-greenland-ukraine-europe.html |access-date=January 19, 2026 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Boma lake likatemwa kugwiliskira ntchito nkhongono za nkhondo (hard power) kuti lifiske ndondomeko yake ya [[America First]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=February 2, 2025 |title=Trump Favors Blunt Force in Dealing With Foreign Allies and Enemies Alike |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/02/us/politics/trump-tariffs-migrants-power.html |access-date=September 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo likaparanya panji kuleka kovwira mabungwe gha mu charu na gha pa charu chose agho ghakakhumbanga kukhozga [[soft power]] ya America.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hvistendahl |first=Mar |date=July 23, 2025 |title=China Flexes Muscles at U.N. Cultural Agency, Just as Trump Walks Away |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/23/world/asia/unesco-china-us.html |access-date=September 7, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Basu |first1=Zachary |last2=Lawler |first2=Dave |date=July 17, 2025 |title=Trump's soft-power retreat scrambles U.S.-China race |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/07/17/trump-china-retreat-soft-power |access-date=September 7, 2025}}</ref> Ubwezi wa Trump na vyaru ivyo vikukolerana na United States ukaŵa wakwendera pa ivyo wangasanga, ndipo nyengo zinyake wakalongoranga kuleka kupwerera panji uchinkho kwa ŵabwezi ŵa America, apo wakapenjanga ubwezi uwemi na vyaru vinyake ivyo vikawonekanga nga mbalwani ŵa United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Erlanger |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Erlanger |date=February 27, 2025 |title=Indifference or Hostility? Trump's View of European Allies Raises Alarm |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/27/world/europe/trump-eu-allies.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 28, 2025}}</ref> [[File:President Trump and Ukrainian President Zelenskyy in Oval Office, Feb. 28, 2025.webm|thumb|thumbtime=43:14|Ungano wa Trump na [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]], Febuluwale 2025]] Mu Febuluwale 2025, Trump pamoza na Vice President Vance [[2025 Trump–Zelenskyy Oval Office meeting|ŵakasuska chomene pulezidenti wa Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] pa ungano uwo ukawoneskeka pa TV ndipo ukaŵa wakukangana chomene. Mabungwe gha nkhani ghakati uwu ukaŵa ukali wakwamba kuwonekera pakweru pakati pa pulezidenti wa United States na mutu wa boma la charu chinyake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Kevin |last2=Zeleny |first2=Jeff |author-link2=Jeff Zeleny |last3=Maher |first3=Kit |last4=Collins |first4=Kaitlan |author-link4=Kaitlan Collins |date=February 28, 2025 |title=Trump and Vance erupt at Zelensky in tense Oval Office meeting |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/02/28/politics/trump-zelensky-vance-oval-office/index.html |access-date=March 20, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=De Luce |first1=Dan |date=March 1, 2025 |title=Trump-Zelenskyy clash marks a defining turn away from U.S. defense of democracies |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/national-security/trump-zelenskyy-clash-marks-defining-turn-away-us-defense-democracies-rcna193975 |access-date=March 27, 2025 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Ndondomeko za chuma za Trump zikulongosoreka kuti zikaŵa za kukhozga katundu wa mu charu (protectionism), ndipo wakakhazikiska misonkho ya katundu (tariffs) ku vyaru vinandi, kusazgapo China, Canada na Mexico, awo mbabwezi ŵakuru ŵa malonda ŵa United States.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Swanson |first1=Ana |last2=Austen |first2=Ian |last3=Romero |first3=Simon |author-link3=Simon Romero |title=Trump's Tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China Snap Into Effect |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/04/business/economy/trump-tariffs-canada-mexico-china.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 4, 2025 |date=March 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakambiska nkhondo ya malonda pa charu chose, ndipo wakakhazikiska misonkho ya katundu yakukwera chomene kuluska iyo yikawonekanga kufuma pa nyengo ya [[Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act]] ya 1930, apo [[Great Depression]] yikambanga.<ref>{{cite news |last=Goldman |first=David |date=August 1, 2025 |title=Trump's new tariffs have no precedent in the modern era |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/08/01/economy/tariff-policy-trump-trade |access-date=August 8, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Romm |first=Tony |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/07/business/economy/trump-tariffs-trade-war.html |title=Staggering U.S. Tariffs Begin as Trump Widens Trade War |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 7, 2025 |access-date=August 9, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu Febuluwale 2026, Khoti Likuru la United States likadumura kuti misonkho iyo wakakhazikiska pasi pa [[International Emergency Economic Powers Act]] yikaŵa yakususkana na dango.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fritze |first1=John |last2=Cole |first2=Devan |last3=Buchwald |first3=Elizabeth |last4=Sneed |first4=Tierney Sneed |title=Supreme Court rules that Trump's sweeping emergency tariffs are illegal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/20/politics/supreme-court-tariffs |work=[[CNN]] |date=February 20, 2026 |access-date=February 20, 2026}}</ref> Trump kanandi wakawopsyezganga panji kukhazikiska misonkho ku vyaru ivyo vikaŵa pa mapangano na United States chifukwa chakuti vikasuskanga vilato vyake vya ndale.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wong |first1=Edward |author-link1=Edward Wong |last2=Pierson |first2=David |date=July 11, 2025 |title=Rubio and China's Top Envoy Vie for Influence in Asia Over Trump's Tariffs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/11/us/politics/china-us-asia-tariffs.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 24, 2025 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Boak |first1=Josh |last2=Burrows |first2=Emma |last3=Niemann |first3=Daniel |date=January 17, 2026 |title=Trump says 8 European countries will face 10% tariff for opposing US control of Greenland |url=https://apnews.com/article/denmark-greenland-us-trump-4ad99ea3975a8b62d37bd04961feda55 |access-date=January 19, 2026 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> Ku Latin America, Trump wakachita nkhondo zakususkika na malango gha pa charu chose pa maboti agho wakatenge ghakaŵa gha ŵakwendeska munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo mu nyanja za pa charu chose,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodward |first1=Alex |date=September 3, 2025 |title=Trump's Venezuelan boat violated international law, experts warn |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-venezuela-drug-boat-attack-video-b2819566.html |access-date=September 3, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> ndipo wakalanguraso kuti ŵasilikali ŵanandi ŵatumike mu chigaŵa cha Caribbean.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chávez |first1=Steve |last2=Stott |first2=Michael |title=US naval build-up near Venezuela stokes tensions in Latin America |url=https://www.ft.com/content/50db68c8-59d2-4a2a-b2c3-7c8c88237763 |access-date=September 5, 2025 |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |date=August 28, 2025 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Novembala 2025, Trump wakagowokera pulezidenti wakale wa Honduras [[Juan Orlando Hernández]], uyo wakatumizgika ku United States mu 2022 ndipo wakakeruzgika vyaka 45 chifukwa cha munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo. Mu Janyuwale 2026, ŵasilikari ŵa United States ŵakakora pulezidenti wa Venezuela [[Nicolás Maduro]] mu [[2026 United States strikes in Venezuela#Capture of Maduro|nkhondo ya ŵasilikari mu Venezuela]] na kumutolera ku New York uko wakasuskika na mulandu wa munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Downs |first=Garrett |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/04/trump-venezuela-maduro-pardon-honduras.html |title=Trump admin pressed on pardon for ex-Honduras president after Venezuela's Maduro snatched |work=[[CNBC]] |date=January 4, 2026 |access-date=January 6, 2026}}</ref> Mu 2025, Trump [[Greenland crisis|wakawopsyezga kutora Greenland]], kusazgapo kugwiliskira ntchito ŵasilikari panji kukhazikiska misonkho ku vyaru vya ku Europe. Mu Janyuwale 2026, wakawoneka nga waleka mawopsyezgo agha ghaŵiri, wakati wafiska "ndondomeko yakwamba ya phangano la munthazi" na NATO.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jakes |first1=Lara |last2=Tankersley |first2=Jim |last3=Kanno-Youngs |first3=Zolan |author-link3=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/21/us/politics/trump-greenland-threats-diplomacy-force.html |title=Trump Says He Has Framework for Greenland Deal as NATO Mulls Idea of U.S. Sovereignty Over Bases |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 21, 2026 |access-date=February 4, 2026}}</ref> ==== Nkhondo za ku Middle East ==== {{main|Nkhondo za ku Middle East mu boma lachiŵiri la Trump}} Trump wakalutilira kukhozga Israel ndipo wakalutiliraso [[United States support for Israel in the Gaza war|kovwira Israel pa nkhondo ya ku Gaza]].{{cite news |title=Trump wants Jordan and Egypt to accept more Palestinian refugees and floats plan to 'clean out' Gaza |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-israel-bomb-gaza-hamas-war-023b36984c6116c128b5e47f117bba2a |work=[[AP News]] |date=January 26, 2025 |access-date=December 26, 2025}} Kwambira Malichi mpaka Meyi 2025, Trump [[March–May 2025 United States attacks in Yemen|wakalongozga nkhondo yikuru ya ndege za nkhondo]] kulimbana na malo gha [[Houthis|ŵaHouthi]] mu Yemen, iyo yikaŵa ntchito yake yakwamba yikuru ya nkhondo ku Middle East mu nyengo yake yachiŵiri ya ulamuliro.{{cite news |last1=Schmitt |first1=Eric |last2=Wong |first2=Edward |last3=Ismay |first3=John |date=April 4, 2025 |title=U.S. Strikes in Yemen Burning Through Munitions With Limited Success |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/04/us/politics/us-strikes-yemen-houthis.html |access-date=March 22, 2026 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}} Mu Juni 2025, Trump wakakolerana na Israel pa [[Twelve-Day War|Nkhondo ya Mazuŵa 12]] na Iran, ndipo wakalangura kuti ndege za nkhondo za United States [[2025 United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites|zibombe malo gha nyukiliya gha Iran]].{{cite news |last=Magid |first=Jacob |title=US bombs Fordo, 2 other nuclear facilities, joining Israel's war in Iran |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-strikes-irans-elusive-fordo-facility-joining-israels-fight-against-nuclear-program/ |access-date=June 22, 2025 |newspaper=[[The Times of Israel]] |date=June 22, 2025}} [[Gaza peace plan|Ndondomeko yake ya mtende ku Gaza]] pakati pa Israel na [[Hamas]] yikasainika mu Okutobala 2025, ndipo yikapangiska kukhazikiskika kwa [[Board of Peace]].{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-hamas-agree-gaza-ceasefire-return-hostages-2025-10-09/ |title=Gazans trek to ruined homes as Israeli forces pull back under ceasefire |last1=Lubell |first1=Maayan |last2=Al-Mughrabi |first2=Nidal |work=[[Reuters]] |date=October 9, 2025 |access-date=October 9, 2025 |url-access=limited}} Mu Febuluwale 2026, Trump wakazomerezga kuti ndege za nkhondo za United States na Israel zichite pamoza nkhondo yakuwukira Iran, ivyo vikayambiska [[2026 Iran war|Nkhondo ya Iran ya 2026]] ndipo vikapangiska kukomeka kwa mulongozgi mukuru wa Iran [[Ali Khamenei]].{{cite news |last=Sanger |first=David E. |author-link=David E. Sanger |date=February 28, 2026 |title=For Trump, the Iran Attack Is the Ultimate War of Choice |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/28/us/politics/trump-iran-attack.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 28, 2026}}{{cite news |last1=Holm |first1=Phil |last2=Jarrett |first2=Will |last3=Vineys |first3=Kevin |title=The US-Israeli war with Iran in maps, graphics and images |url=https://apnews.com/photo-gallery/iran-us-israel-war-conflict-gulf-visuals-8fc2192e3c05d30fd7dad5b18b9743b7 |work=[[AP News]] |date=March 3, 2026 |access-date=March 4, 2026}} Mu nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, Trump na boma lake ŵakapereka mafumbo ghakupambanapambana kweniso ghambura kukolerana pa chifukwa icho ŵakayambira [[Rationale for the 2026 Iran war|nkhondo iyi]].{{cite news |url=https://www.spiegel.de/ausland/donald-trump-und-der-iran-krieg-praesident-siegessicher-kriegsziel-unbekannt-a-2df3b848-6ade-4cbb-a4c7-45ed6738fe63 |title=(S+) Trump und Iran: Präsident siegessicher, Kriegsziel unbekannt |language=de |trans-title=(S+) Trump and Iran: President confident of victory, war aim unknown |first=Alexander |last=Sarovic |date=March 11, 2026 |work=[[Der Spiegel]]}} Pa Epulero 8, 2026, ŵakazomerezgana kulekeska nkhondo kwa nyengo yichoko waka. Ndipouli, [[Strait of Hormuz]] yikalutilira kujalika, ndipo magulu ghose ghaŵiri ghakalutilira kuwukirananga nyengo na nyengo apo kudumbiskana kwakupambanapambana kukatondeka kufiska phangano la mtende.{{cite news |last=Faguy |first=Ana |title=Trump seeking edits to US-Iran deal, US media report |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1w2xve315do |date=May 31, 2026 |access-date=June 1, 2026 |work=[[BBC News]]}}{{cite news |last=Aikman |first=Ian |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g44yl7q70o |title=Iran condemns US strikes as 'gross violation' of ceasefire |work=[[BBC News]] |date=May 26, 2026 |access-date=June 1, 2026}} === Mazgu, nkharo na umo wakachitiranga ndale === {{main|Maghanoghano gha ndale gha Donald Trump|Mazgu gha Donald Trump}} Kwambira apo wakambanga kukhozga [[birther]] maungano gha maghanoghano ghambura ukaboni mu vyaka vya m'ma 2010, Trump wakawovwira kuti maghanoghano na mabungwe gha kuumaliro kwa woko lamanja agho ghakaŵa ghambura kumanyikwa ghambeso kumanyikwa chomene.{{refn| {{cite news |last=Bierman |first=Noah |date=August 22, 2016 |title=Donald Trump helps bring far-right media's edgier elements into the mainstream |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-media-20160820-snap-story.html |access-date=October 7, 2021}} {{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=December 1, 2022 |title=Trump Embraces Extremism as He Seeks to Reclaim Office |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 20, 2025}} {{cite news |last=Oreskes |first=Benjamin |date=May 23, 2024 |title=Trump and GOP repeatedly echo Nazi and far-right ideology as they aim to retake White House |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-05-23/trump-gop-nazi-presidential-election-politics |access-date=July 27, 2025 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}} {{cite news |last1=Swenson |first1=Ali |last2=Kunzelman |first2=Michael |date=November 18, 2023 |title=Fears of political violence are growing as the 2024 campaign heats up and conspiracy theories evolve |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd |access-date=January 20, 2025}} }} Gulu la [[alt-right]] likawungana na kukhozga kampeni yake ya visolai, chomenechomene chifukwa cha [[opposition to multiculturalism|kususka chikhalidwe cha mitundu yinandi]] na [[Opposition to immigration|kususka ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake]].{{cite news |last=Weigel |first=David |date=August 20, 2016 |title='Racialists' are cheered by Trump's latest strategy |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/racial-realists-are-cheered-by-trumps-latest-strategy/2016/08/20/cd71e858-6636-11e6-96c0-37533479f3f5_story.html |access-date=January 9, 2026 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}{{cite news |last=Pearce |first=Matt |date=September 30, 2020 |title=Q&A: What is President Trump's relationship with far-right and white supremacist groups? |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-09-30/la-na-pol-2020-trump-white-supremacy |access-date=January 12, 2026 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}{{cite news |last=Krieg |first=Gregory |date=August 25, 2016 |title=Clinton is attacking the 'Alt-Right'– What is it? |url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/08/25/politics/alt-right-explained-hillary-clinton-donald-trump |access-date=January 9, 2026 |website=[[CNN]]}} Mu kampeni yake ya visolai ya 2016, ndale na mazgu gha Trump vikapangiska kuti paŵe [[political movement|gulu la ndale]] lakumanyikwa kuti [[Trumpism]].{{cite news |last=O'Brien |first=Timothy L. |author-link=Timothy L. O'Brien |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-11-01/trumpism-has-deep-roots-in-american-history-and-it-will-outlast-trump |title=The Peculiarly American Roots of Trumpism |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=November 1, 2024 |access-date=November 26, 2024 |url-access=limited}} Gulu ili [[Trumpism#Cult of personality|likuyaniskika na kusopa munthu yumoza]].{{refn| {{cite journal |last=Sundahl |first=Anne-Mette Holmgård |title=Personality Cult or a Mere Matter of Popularity? |journal=[[International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society]] |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=May 4, 2022 |pages=431–458 |doi=10.1007/s10767-022-09423-0 |pmid=35528318 |pmc=9066393}} {{cite journal |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Benajmin E. |last2=Moen |first2=Lars J. K. |date=May 14, 2024 |title=The personality of a personality cult? Personality characteristics of Donald Trump's most loyal supporters |journal=[[Political Psychology]] |volume=46 |issue=Special Issue |pages=225–243 |issn=0162-895X |doi=10.1111/pops.12991 |doi-access=free |hdl=1885/733752725 |hdl-access=free}} {{cite journal |last1=Adams |first1=Kenneth Alan |date=Spring 2021 |title=The Trump Death Cult |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/c5d4601ebe8dcb232f9ab2965e900d70/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=35407 |journal=[[Journal of Psychohistory]] |volume=48 |issue=4 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=256–276 |issn=0145-3378}} {{cite journal |last1=Diamond |first1=Michael J. |date=February 22, 2023 |title=Perverted Containment: Trumpism, Cult Creation, and the Rise of Destructive American Populism |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |journal=Psychoanalytic Inquiry |volume=43 |issue=2 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=96–109 |issn=0735-1690 |doi=10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |url-access=subscription}} {{cite journal |last1=Reyes |first1=Antonio |date=May 4, 2020 |title=I, Trump The cult of personality, anti-intellectualism and the Post-Truth era |url=https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |journal=Journal of Language and Politics |volume=19 |issue=6 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=869–892 |issn=1569-2159 |doi=10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |url-access=subscription}} }} Maghanoghano ghake gha ndale ghakulongosoreka kuti ngakhe [[populist]]{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=298}}{{sfn|Urbinati|2019}} panji [[right-wing populist]]{{sfn|Campani|Concepción|Soler|Savín|2022}}.{{cite news |last=Chotiner |first=Isaac |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/redefining-populism |title=Redefining Populism |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=July 29, 2021 |access-date=October 14, 2021}} Wakakhozgaso kuti pulezidenti waŵe na mazaza ghanandi mwakuyowoya kuti [[unitary executive theory]] yikupereka mazaza agha.{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Trump Seeks to Paralyze Independent Privacy and Civil Liberties Watchdog |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/trump-privacy-civil-liberties-oversight-board.html |access-date=January 25, 2025}}{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |author-link=Charlie Savage (journalist) |date=January 22, 2025 |title=How Trump Is Pushing at Limits of Presidential Power in Early Orders |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/22/us/politics/trump-executive-orders.html |access-date=January 28, 2025}} Vinthu vinandi ivyo Trump wakachitanga na mazgu ghake vikalongosoreka kuti vya [[authoritarianism|ulamuliro wa nkhongono]] ndipo vikawovwira ku [[Democratic backsliding in the United States|kuchepa kwa demokilase mu United States]],{{sfn|Parker|Towler|2019|p=505; 513}}{{sfn|Kaufman|Haggard|2019}}{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=300|loc="Donald Trump is broadly seen as posing an existential threat to American democracy."}} kweniso kukhazikiska fundo ya [[In-group and out-group|"ise" kulimbana na "iwo"]].{{sfn|Ross|2024|p=299}} Mazgu ghake ghakulongosorekaso kuti ghakagwiliskiranga ntchito [[fearmongering]] na [[demagogy]], ndipo [[Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign#Fearmongering|vikasazgikira chomene mu kampeni yake ya visolai ya 2024]].{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=September 11, 2024 |title='The End of Our Country': Trump Paints Dark Picture at Debate |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-dark-picture.html |access-date=September 25, 2024 |url-access=limited}} Wakupenja wovwiri wa [[Trumpism#Christian Trumpism|Ŵakhristu ŵa Evangelical]] na [[Christian nationalism in the United States|ŵakukhozga Chikhristu nga ni maziko gha charu]],{{sfn|Perry|Whitehead|Grubbs|2021|p=229|loc=Christian nationalist ideology was among the strongest predictors of Americans voting for Trump in 2016 and remained a strong predictor of intent to vote for him prior to the 2020 election}}{{cite news |date=May 18, 2024 |title=Jesus is their savior, Trump is their candidate. Ex-president's backers say he shares faith, values |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-christian-evangelicals-conservatives-2024-election-43f25118c133170c77786daf316821c3 |access-date=January 9, 2026 |work=[[AP News]]}} ndipo kanandi wakachemanga ŵalwani ŵake ŵandale kuti "ŵaheni".{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=July 16, 2025 |title=For Trump, Domestic Adversaries Are Not Just Wrong, They Are 'Evil' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/16/us/politics/trump-political-enemies-evil.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 9, 2026}} === Mitundu na jenda === {{main|Maghanoghano gha Donald Trump pa mtundu}} Mazgu ghanandi na ivyo Trump wachita vikulongosoreka na ŵanthu ŵanandi kuti vikaŵa vya kusankhana mitundu (racist).<ref> * {{cite journal|last=Logan|first=Enid|title=The 2024 US presidential election & the politics of race: responding to a moment of crisis with analysis, insight & action|journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies|volume=48|issue=15|date=2025|pages=2953–2970|doi=10.1080/01419870.2025.2524023}} * {{cite journal|last=Cadena|first=Roger S.|title=Beyond puzzlement: rethinking Latino conservatives' politics of race, ethnicity, and immigration in the Trump era|journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies|volume=48|issue=15|date=2025|pages=3037–3058|doi=10.1080/01419870.2025.2504613}} * {{cite news|last=Lopez|first=German|date=February 14, 2019|title=Donald Trump's long history of racism, from the 1970s to 2019|url=https://www.vox.com/2016/7/25/12270880/donald-trump-racist-racism-history|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=June 15, 2019}} * {{cite news|last=Desjardins|first=Lisa|author-link=Lisa Desjardins|date=January 12, 2018|title=Every moment in Trump's charged relationship with race|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/every-moment-donald-trumps-long-complicated-history-race|work=[[PBS NewsHour]]|access-date=January 13, 2018}} * {{cite news|last=Dawsey|first=Josh|author-link=Josh Dawsey|date=January 11, 2018|title=Trump's history of making offensive comments about nonwhite immigrants|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-attacks-protections-for-immigrants-from-shithole-countries-in-oval-office-meeting/2018/01/11/bfc0725c-f711-11e7-91af-31ac729add94_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-access=limited|access-date=January 11, 2018}} * {{cite news|last=Weaver|first=Aubree Eliza|date=January 12, 2018|title=Trump's 'shithole' comment denounced across the globe|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/12/trump-shithole-comment-reaction-337926|work=[[Politico]]|ref={{harvid|Weaver|2018b}}|access-date=January 13, 2018}} * {{cite news|last1=Stoddard|first1=Ed|last2=Mfula|first2=Chris|date=January 12, 2018|title=Africa calls Trump racist after 'shithole' remark|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-immigration-reaction/africa-calls-trump-racist-after-shithole-remark-idUSKBN1F11VC|work=[[Reuters]]|url-access=limited|access-date=October 1, 2019}} </ref> Kafukufuku na mafumbo ghanandi vikulongora kuti maghanoghano gha kusankhana mitundu ndigho ghakawovwira chomene kuti Trump waŵe wakutchuka pa ndale, ndipo ghakaŵa ghankhongono kuluska nkhani za chuma pakulongosora chifukwa icho ŵanthu ŵakamuvotera.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lopez|first=German|date=December 15, 2017|title=The past year of research has made it very clear: Trump won because of racial resentment|url=https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/12/15/16781222/trump-racism-economic-anxiety-study|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=January 14, 2018}}</ref> Kanandi Trump wakuyowoya mazgu ghakuyuyura ŵanthu ŵa mitundu, visopa na mafuko ghanyake,{{sfn|Stephens-Dougan|2021|p=302}} ndipo ŵasambiri ŵakusanga nyengo zose kuti maghanoghano gha kusankhana mitundu na ghakususkana na Chisilamu ([[Islamophobia]]) pa ŵanthu ŵafipa, ŵakwiza kufuma ku vyaru vinyake, na Ŵasilamu, ni vimanyikwiro vyankhongono vya ŵanthu awo ŵakumovwira Trump.{{sfn|Lajevardi|Oskooii|2018}}{{sfn|Berman|2021|p=76}} Trump wakasuskika kuti wakachitanga vya kusankhana mitundu<ref>{{cite news|last=Grenoble|first=Ryan|date=September 11, 2024|title=Trump Defends One Of The Most Blatantly Racist Moments From His Past|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-central-park-five-presidential-debate_n_66e1a7c2e4b0e13c292dccad|work=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> chifukwa cha kulemba malonda gha mu manyuzipepala ghakuru na kukhozga kuti ŵawukirano ŵankhondi ŵafipa na ŵa Latino ŵakaŵa na mulandu wakukolelera mwanakazi muzungu mu mulandu wa [[Central Park jogger case]] wa 1989, nangauli ŵakafwatulika ku mulandu uwo mu 2002.<ref>{{cite news|last=Diaz|first=Jaclyn|date=October 21, 2024|title=The Central Park 5 are suing Trump over Philly debate comments|url=https://www.npr.org/2024/09/11/nx-s1-5108632/central-park-five-trump-debate|work=[[NPR News]]|access-date=November 27, 2024}}</ref> Mazgu gha Trump pa [[Unite the Right rally]] mu 2017, apo wakasuska "kuwoneska kwa nkhaza, kutinkhana na kusankhana uku kufuma ku vigaŵa vyose" ndipo wakati pakaŵa "ŵanthu ŵawemi ku vigaŵa vyose viŵiri", ghakasuskika chifukwa ghakawoneka nga ghakuyana waka ŵakususkira [[white supremacist]] na ŵakususkana nawo.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kessler|first=Glenn|author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist)|date=May 8, 2020|title=The 'very fine people' at Charlottesville: Who were they?|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/05/08/very-fine-people-charlottesville-who-were-they-2/|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-access=limited|access-date=October 23, 2021}}</ref> Mu Janyuwale 2018, pa kudumbiskana vya malango gha ŵakwiza kufuma ku vyaru vinyake, wakuti wakachema El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras na vyaru vya ku Africa kuti ni "shithole countries",<ref>{{cite news|last=Beauchamp|first=Zack|date=January 11, 2018|title=Trump's "shithole countries" comment exposes the core of Trumpism|url=https://www.vox.com/2018/1/11/16880804/trump-shithole-countries-racism|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=January 11, 2018}}</ref> ndipo mazgu agha ghakasuskika kuti ghakaŵa gha kusankhana mitundu.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wintour|first1=Patrick|author-link1=Patrick Wintour|last2=Burke|first2=Jason|author-link2=Jason Burke|last3=Livsey|first3=Anna|date=January 13, 2018|title='There's no other word but racist': Trump's global rebuke for 'shithole' remark|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/12/unkind-divisive-elitist-international-outcry-over-trumps-shithole-countries-remark|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 13, 2018}}</ref> Mu Julayi 2019, [[United States House of Representatives]] yikadumura chisankho chakususka Trump chifukwa cha mazgu agho wakayowoya pa ŵakwendeska ŵanakazi ŵanayi ŵa chipani cha Democratic awo ŵakaŵa ŵa mafuko ghachoko.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mak|first=Tim|author-link=Tim Mak|date=July 16, 2019|title=House Votes To Condemn Trump's 'Racist Comments'|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/16/742236610/condemnation-of-president-delayed-by-debate-can-lawmakers-call-trump-tweets-raci|work=[[NPR News]]|access-date=July 17, 2019}}</ref> Kampeni yake ya 2024 yikagwiliskira ntchito chomene mazgu ghakuyuyura ŵanthu (dehumanizing language) na [[racial stereotype|vikozgo vya mtundu]].<ref> * {{cite news|last1=Shear|first1=Michael D.|author-link1=Michael D. Shear|last2=Aleaziz|first2=Hamed|last3=Ulloa|first3=Jazmine|date=September 11, 2024|title=How Trump Uses Vitriol for Migrants to Sideline Other Issues|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-migrants.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|url-access=limited|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last1=Gold|first1=Michael|last2=Huynh|first2=Anjali|date=April 2, 2024|title=Trump Again Invokes 'Blood Bath' and Dehumanizes Migrants in Border Remarks|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/us/politics/trump-border-blood-bath.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|url-access=limited|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last=Sullivan|first=Kate|date=October 6, 2023|title=Trump's anti-immigrant comments draw rebuke|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/06/politics/trump-anti-immigrant-comments/|work=[[CNN]]|access-date=July 27, 2025}} * {{cite news|last=Ward|first=Myah|date=October 12, 2024|title=We watched 20 Trump rallies. His racist, anti-immigrant messaging is getting darker.|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/12/trump-racist-rhetoric-immigrants-00183537|work=[[Politico]]|access-date=July 27, 2025}} </ref> [[File:President Trump Visits St. John's Episcopal Church (49964153176).jpg|thumb|Trump wali na gulu la ŵalaraŵalara na ŵalongozgi ŵakwenda kufuma ku White House kuluta ku St. John's Church, pamanyuma pa [[Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church#Clearing Lafayette Square and St. John's|kufumiskika kwa ŵakuwoneska maghanoghano ku Lafayette Square]] mu Juni 2020]] Mu Juni 2020, pa nyengo ya [[George Floyd protests]], ŵalaraŵalara ŵa boma la United States ŵakagwiliskira ntchito gasi wakukhozga maso na nthowa zinyake zakupatulira mzinda kuti ŵafumiske gulu la ŵanthu awo ŵakachitanga chiwoneskero mwamtende pa [[Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.|Lafayette Square]], kufupi na [[White House]].<ref name="wb">{{cite news |last1=Leonnig |first1=Carol D. |author-link1=Carol D. Leonnig |last2=Zapotosky |first2=Matt |last3=Dawsey |first3=Josh |author-link3=Josh Dawsey |last4=Tan |first4=Rebecca |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/barr-personally-ordered-removal-of-protesters-near-white-house-leading-to-use-of-force-against-largely-peaceful-crowd/2020/06/02/0ca2417c-a4d5-11ea-b473-04905b1af82b_story.html |title=Barr personally ordered removal of protesters near White House, leading to use of force against largely peaceful crowd |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 2, 2020 |access-date=June 3, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="bumpline">{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=June 2, 2020 |title=Timeline: The clearing of Lafayette Square |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/06/02/timeline-clearing-lafayette-square/ |access-date=June 6, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pake, Trump [[Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church|wakajipatura chithuzi wali wakukora Baibolo]] pa [[St. John's Episcopal Church, Lafayette Square|St. John's Episcopal Church]],<ref name="wb"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gittleson |first1=Ben |last2=Phelps |first2=Jordyn |title=Police use munitions to forcibly push back peaceful protesters for Trump church visit |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/national-guard-troops-deployed-white-house-trump-calls/story?id=71004151 |access-date=June 29, 2021 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=June 3, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=O'Neil |first=Luke |date=June 2, 2020 |title=What do we know about Trump's love for the Bible? |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/02/what-do-we-know-about-trumps-love-for-the-bible |access-date=June 11, 2020}}</ref> ndipo ŵalongozgi ŵa visopa ŵakasuska umo ŵakachitira na ŵakuwoneska maghanoghano kweniso kujipatura chithuzi uko.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stableford |first1=Dylan |last2=Wilson |first2=Christopher |title=Religious leaders condemn teargassing protesters to clear street for Trump |url=https://news.yahoo.com/religious-leaders-condemn-gassing-protesters-to-clear-street-for-trump-192800782.html |access-date=June 8, 2020 |work=[[Yahoo News]] |date=June 3, 2020}}</ref> Trump wali na mbiri ya kuyuyura ŵanakazi para wakuyowoya na ŵapharazgi panji pa malo ghakuchezgerapo gha pa intaneti.{{sfn|Rothe|Collins|2019}}<ref name="Shear">{{cite news |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |author-link1=Michael D. Shear |last2=Sullivan |first2=Eileen |author-link2=Eileen Sullivan |date=October 16, 2018 |title='Horseface,' 'Lowlife,' 'Fat, Ugly': How the President Demeans Women |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/16/us/politics/trump-women-insults.html |access-date=August 5, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Wakalongora mazgu ghakofya, wakasuskanga kawonekero ka ŵanakazi, ndipo wakaŵachemanga na mazina ghakunyoza.<ref name="Shear" /> Mu Okutobala 2016, vidiyo ya mu 2005 iyo yikajambulika kwambura kumanya yikafuma kuwaro umo [[Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape|wakajikuzgira]] kuti wakafyofyonanga na kukorakora ŵanakazi kwambura kuzomerezgeka, wakati, "para uli nyenyezi, ŵakukuzomerezga. Ungachita chilichose. ... Kora pa [[Pussy#Female genitalia|chiŵaro cha mwanakazi]]."<ref>{{cite news |last=Timm |first=Jane C. |title=Trump caught on hot mic making lewd comments about women in 2005 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-hot-mic-when-you-re-star-you-can-do-n662116 |work=[[NBC News]] |date=October 7, 2016 |access-date=June 10, 2018}}</ref> Iyo wakati mazgu agha ghakaŵa waka "mazgu gha mu chipinda cha kuseŵeramo".<ref>{{cite news |last=Fahrenthold |first=David |author-link=David Fahrenthold |title=Trump recorded having extremely lewd conversation about women in 2005 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-recorded-having-extremely-lewd-conversation-about-women-in-2005/2016/10/07/3b9ce776-8cb4-11e6-bf8a-3d26847eeed4_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=December 14, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa ukali ukuru wa ŵanthu, kusazgapo ŵa chipani cha Republican, Trump wakafumiska vidiyo yakuphepeska pagulu, kweniso wakawukira Hillary Clinton.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/08/us/politics/donald-trump-women.html |title=Donald Trump Apology Caps Day of Outrage Over Lewd Tape |date=October 7, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=October 8, 2016 |last1=Burns |first1=Alexander |author-link1=Alex Burns (journalist) |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |last3=Martin |first3=Jonathan |author-link3=Jonathan Martin (journalist) |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Ivyo wakususkikira pa nkhaza za kugonana === {{main|Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations}} Kufika mu Okutobala 2024, kwamba m'ma 1970, ŵanakazi ŵakukwana 28<ref name="NewRepublic10.31.24">{{cite magazine |url=https://newrepublic.com/post/187761/pageant-queen-beatrice-keul-trump-sexual-assault |title=Pageant Queen Shares Horrifying Details of Trump Sexual Assault |last=Ferguson |first=Malcolm |magazine=[[The New Republic]] |date=October 31, 2024 |access-date=August 21, 2025}}</ref> ŵamususka Trump pa milandu yakupambanapambana ya nkhaza za kugonana, kusazgapo kukoleska, kugonana na ŵana, kuwukira pa kugonana, nkhaza za thupi, kufyofyonanga na kukorakora kwambura kuzomerezgeka, kulaŵiska pasi pa masiketi gha ŵanakazi, kweniso kunjira mu vipinda umo ŵapikizgano ŵa umbeauty ŵakaŵiranga ŵali nkhule.<ref name="no26">{{cite news |last=Osborne |first=Lucy |date=September 17, 2020 |title='It felt like tentacles': the women who accuse Trump of sexual misconduct |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/sep/17/amy-dorris-donald-trump-women-who-accuse-sexual-misconduct |access-date=June 6, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> === Kukolerana na nkhaza na milandu ya chidani === {{further|Rhetoric of Donald Trump#Violence}} Trump wakumanyikwa kuti wali na ntchito yikuru pa kusazgirako nkhaza za ndyali mu United States, kwizira mu awo ŵakumovwira kweniso awo ŵakumususka.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=September 16, 2024 |title=Trump, Outrage and the Modern Era of Political Violence |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/16/us/politics/trump-violence-assassination-attempt.html |access-date=January 20, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|Nacos|Shapiro|Bloch-Elkon|2020}}{{sfn|Piazza|Van Doren|2022}} Wakulongosoreka kuti wakupokelera maghanoghano gha ukali, [[List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump|visambizgo vya chiwembu]] nga ni [[QAnon]], kweniso magulu gha [[American militia movement|militia gha ku far-right]] kuluska pulezidenti munyake waliyose wa mazuŵa ghano wa America.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Baker (journalist) |date=December 1, 2022 |title=Trump Embraces Extremism as He Seeks to Reclaim Office |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Swenson |first1=Ali |last2=Kunzelman |first2=Michael |date=November 18, 2023 |title=Fears of political violence are growing as the 2024 campaign heats up and conspiracy theories evolve |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> Wawerezgapo kanandi kususka ŵakwimikana nayo pa ndyali kuti mbalwani za charu, ndipo wapempha kuti ŵajalikike panji kukomeka, ivyo vyapangiska ŵanandi kumususka kuti wakovwira kulimbikiska nkhaza.<ref>{{cite news |last=Basu |first=Zachary |date=November 16, 2019 |title=The 24 times Trump has accused somebody of "treason" |url=https://www.axios.com/2019/06/16/trump-treason-russia-investigation-new-york-times |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 20, 2025 |title=Trump calls Democrats who told US military to refuse illegal orders 'traitors' who should face death penalty |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-says-democrats-who-told-us-military-refuse-illegal-orders-deserve-death-2025-11-20 |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chasan |first=Aliza |date=September 27, 2023 |title=Gen. Milley says he has "appropriate" safety measures after Trump social media threat |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/general-milley-responds-to-trump-social-media-post-60-minutes/ |access-date=May 13, 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Kafukufuku wakulongora kuti kayowoyero ka Trump kakukolerana na kusazgikira kwa milandu ya chidani,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kunzelman |first1=Michael |last2=Galvan |first2=Astrid |date=August 7, 2019 |title=Trump words linked to more hate crime? Some experts think so |url=https://apnews.com/article/7d0949974b1648a2bb592cab1f85aa16 |access-date=October 7, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Feinberg |first1=Ayal |last2=Branton |first2=Regina |last3=Martinez-Ebers |first3=Valerie |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Counties that hosted a 2016 Trump rally saw a 226 percent increase in hate crimes |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/03/22/trumps-rhetoric-does-inspire-more-hate-crimes/ |access-date=October 7, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuyowoya mwakupambanapambana maghanoghano gha kusankhana chifukwa chakuti wakazgora mazgu ghakusankhana mafuko kuŵa ghakawiro.{{sfn|Stephens-Dougan|2021|p=306}} Ŵakufufuza ŵanyake nawo ŵati mazgu gha Trump agho ghakananga mbiri na kuyowoya vyautesi vya awo ŵakaŵa ŵakukomeka na gulu ilo likachita vivulupi pa Janyuwale 6, vikaŵa chiyelezgero cha [[stochastic terrorism]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Yousef |first=Odette |date=September 17, 2024 |title=The U.S. has had a long history of political violence, but experts see a new trend |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/09/17/nx-s1-5113997/political-violence-trump |access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Angove |first=James |title=Stochastic terrorism: critical reflections on an emerging concept |journal=[[Taylor & Francis]] |date=February 3, 2024 |volume=17 |pages=21–43 |doi=10.1080/17539153.2024.2305742 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakasuzgikanga panji kususkika pa milandu ya nkhaza na milandu ya chidani ŵakayowoyanga kuti mazgu gha Trump ndigho ghakaŵachitiska kuchita nthena, panji ŵakeneranga kulangika pachoko.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Tracy |first=Abigail |date=August 8, 2019 |title="The President of the United States Says It's Okay": The Rise of the Trump Defense |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/08/donald-trump-domestic-terrorism-el-paso |access-date=October 7, 2021 |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Helderman |first1=Rosalind S. |author-link1=Rosalind S. Helderman |last2=Hsu |first2=Spencer S. |last3=Weiner |first3=Rachel |date=January 16, 2021 |title='Trump said to do so': Accounts of rioters who say the president spurred them to rush the Capitol could be pivotal testimony |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-rioters-testimony/2021/01/16/01b3d5c6-575b-11eb-a931-5b162d0d033d_story.html |access-date=September 27, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kafukufuku wa charu chose wakuchitika na [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] mu Meyi 2020 ukasanga milandu yakukwana 54, kufuma mu Ogasiti 2015 m'paka Epulero 2020, umo zina la Trump likazunulikiranga mwachindunji pa milandu ya nkhaza panji viwopsezo vya nkhaza, chomenechomene yakuchitika na ŵanalume ŵatuŵa ndipo yikanangiranga ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghanyake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Levine |first=Mike |date=May 30, 2020 |title='No Blame?' ABC News finds 54 cases invoking 'Trump' in connection with violence, threats, alleged assaults. |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/blame-abc-news-finds-17-cases-invoking-trump/story?id=58912889 |access-date=February 4, 2021 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Apo Trump wakakana kususka gulu la ŵa [[Proud Boys]] pa mkangano wa kusankha pulezidenti mu 2020,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Olorunnipa |first1=Toluse |author-link1=Toluse Olorunnipa |last2=Wootson |first2=Cleve R. Jr. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-debate-white-supremacist-question/2020/09/30/366df500-02c7-11eb-a2db-417cddf4816a_story.html |title=Trump refused to condemn white supremacists and militia members in presidential debate marked by disputes over race |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=September 30, 2020 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref> na kuyowoya kuti, "Proud Boys, yimani kumanyuma ndipo lindilirani", ŵanthu ŵakati mazgu agha ghakachitiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵanjire mu gulu ilo likamovwiranga Trump.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cheney |first=Kyle |author-link=Kyle Cheney (journalist) |title=Enrique Tarrio, Proud Boys leader on Jan. 6, sentenced to 22 years for seditious conspiracy |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2023/09/05/sentencing-enrique-tarrio-proud-boys-00114095 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=September 5, 2023}}</ref> Ŵakufufuza vya kulimbana na uchigandanga ŵati umo Trump wakapangiranga ŵanthu kuti ŵawone kuwukira kwa Nyumba ya Malango pa Janyuwale 6 nga ni chinthu chambura suzgo, kweniso [[Pardon of January 6 United States Capitol attack defendants|kugowokera ŵose awo ŵakachitako vivulupi pa Janyuwale 6]], vingawovwira kulimbikiska nkhaza za ndyali munthazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hsu |first1=Spencer S. |last2=Silverman |first2=Ellie |last3=Zakrzewski |first3=Cat |date=January 22, 2025 |title=Clemency for Oath Keepers, Proud Boys fuels extremism threat, experts say |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2025/01/21/pardons-proud-boys-oath-keepers/ |access-date=January 22, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=April 13, 2024 |title=Inside Donald Trump's Embrace of the Jan. 6 Rioters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/13/us/politics/trump-jan-6.html |access-date=January 20, 2025 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> === Mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska na visambizgo vya chiwembu === {{main|False or misleading statements by Donald Trump|List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump}} [[File:2017- Donald Trump veracity - composite graph.png|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Fact-checkers]] ŵa ''The Washington Post'',<ref name="database">{{cite news |last1=Kessler |first1=Glenn |author-link1=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |last2=Kelly |first2=Meg |last3=Rizzo |first3=Salvador |last4=Lee |first4=Michelle Ye Hee |author-link4=Michelle Ye Hee Lee |date=January 20, 2021 |title=In four years, President Trump made 30,573 false or misleading claims |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-claims-database/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> ''Toronto Star'',<ref>{{cite news |last=Dale |first=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Dale |date=June 5, 2019 |title=Donald Trump has now said more than 5,000 false things as president |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/analysis/2019/06/05/donald-trump-has-now-said-more-than-5000-false-claims-as-president.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[Toronto Star]]}}</ref> na CNN<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dale |first1=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Dale |last2=Subramiam |first2=Tara |date=March 9, 2020 |title=Fact check: Donald Trump made 115 false claims in the last two weeks of February |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/09/politics/fact-check-trump-false-claims-february/ |access-date=December 15, 2025 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> ŵakawunganya uthenga wa "mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska" (mtundu wa orenji) na "mazgu ghautesi" (mtundu wa violet).|alt=Chati yakulongora mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska agho Trump wakayowoyanga]] Trump wakuyowoya kanandi mazgu ghambura unenesko pa kuyowoya kwake pagulu,<ref name="finnegan">{{cite news |last=Finnegan |first=Michael |date=September 25, 2016 |title=Scope of Trump's falsehoods unprecedented for a modern presidential candidate |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-false-statements-20160925-snap-story.html |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="whoppers"/> mwakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵati ivi vindachitikepo kale mu ndyali za United States.<ref name="finnegan"/><ref name="glasser">{{cite magazine |last=Glasser |first=Susan B. |author-link=Susan Glasser |date=August 3, 2018 |title=It's True: Trump Is Lying More, and He's Doing It on Purpose |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-trumps-washington/trumps-escalating-war-on-the-truth-is-on-purpose |access-date=January 10, 2019 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]]}}</ref><ref name="Konnikova">{{cite news |last=Konnikova |first=Maria |author-link=Maria Konnikova |date=January 20, 2017 |title=Trump's Lies vs. Your Brain |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/donald-trump-lies-liar-effect-brain-214658/ |access-date=March 31, 2018 |work=[[Politico Magazine]]}}</ref> Mazgu ghake ghautesi na ghakupuluska ghakalembekanga na [[fact-checker|ŵakuwona unenesko wa mazgu]], kusazgapo awo ŵali ku ''The Washington Post'', awo ŵakasanga kuti wakayowoya mazgu ghautesi panji ghakupuluska 30,573 pa nyengo yake yakwamba kuŵa pulezidenti,<ref name="database"/> ndipo chiŵelengero ichi chikamba kusazgikira nyengo yikati yajumphapo.<ref name="TermUntruth">{{cite news |last1=Kessler |first1=Glenn |author-link1=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |last2=Kelly |first2=Meg |last3=Rizzo |first3=Salvador |last4=Shapiro |first4=Leslie |last5=Dominguez |first5=Leo |date=January 23, 2021 |title=A term of untruths: The longer Trump was president, the more frequently he made false or misleading claims |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/interactive/2021/timeline-trump-claims-as-president/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mazgu ghake ghautesi ghawoneka nga ntchigaŵa chakumanyikwa cha umo wakuchitira ndyali<ref name="glasser"/> ndipo ghafotokozeka kuti ni [[firehosing]].{{sfn|Kakutani|2018|pp=94–104}} Munthawi ya ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri, Trump wakalutilira kugwiliskira ntchito mazgu ghaboza, ghakupuluska, na ghakusazgirizga pakulongosora na kupembuzga malango ghake gha Executive Order na ndondomeko za boma.<ref>{{cite news |last=Qiu |first=Linda |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/29/us/politics/trump-100-days-fact-check.html |title=In Breakneck 2nd Term, Trump Turns to Falsehoods to Justify His Agenda |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 29, 2025 |access-date=March 17, 2026}}</ref> Wakalutilira kuyowoya vyautesi pafupipafupi nga umo wakachitiranga kale, kweni wakaŵa na mitundu yichoko ya mautesi uku wakuwoneskera kanandi "gulu likuru" la mautesi gheneghara.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dale |first=Daniel |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2025/12/27/politics/analysis-donald-trumps-top-25-lies-of-2025 |title=Analysis: Donald Trump's top 25 lies |work=[[CNN]] |date=December 27, 2025 |access-date=March 17, 2026}}</ref> Mautesi ghanyake gha Trump ghakaŵa ghambura kukhumbikwa chomene,<ref>{{cite news |last=Qiu |first=Linda |date=January 21, 2017 |title=Donald Trump had biggest inaugural crowd ever? Metrics don't show it |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2017/jan/21/sean-spicer/trump-had-biggest-inaugural-crowd-ever-metrics-don/ |access-date=March 30, 2018 |work=[[PolitiFact]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Rein |first=Lisa |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Here are the photos that show Obama's inauguration crowd was bigger than Trump's |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2017/03/06/here-are-the-photos-that-show-obamas-inauguration-crowd-was-bigger-than-trumps/ |access-date=March 8, 2017 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> kweni ghanyake ghakaŵa na vyakukhwaska vikuru, nga ni kupharazga kwake kwambura ukaboni kwakuti munkhwala wa [[malaria]] ungachizga [[COVID-19]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Wong |first=Julia Carrie |author-link=Julia Carrie Wong |date=April 7, 2020 |title=Hydroxychloroquine: how an unproven drug became Trump's coronavirus 'miracle cure' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/06/hydroxychloroquine-trump-coronavirus-drug |access-date=June 25, 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Spring |first=Marianna |author-link=Marianna Spring |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Coronavirus: The human cost of virus misinformation |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-52731624 |access-date=June 13, 2020 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> ivyo vikapangiska kusoŵa kwa munkhwala uwu mu United States kweniso [[panic buying|kugura mwaluŵiro chifukwa cha wofi]] mu Africa na South Asia.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rowland |first=Christopher |date=March 23, 2020 |title=As Trump touts an unproven coronavirus treatment, supplies evaporate for patients who need those drugs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/20/hospitals-doctors-are-wiping-out-supplies-an-unproven-coronavirus-treatment/ |access-date=March 24, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Parkinson |first1=Joe |last2=Gauthier-Villars |first2=David |date=March 23, 2020 |title=Trump Claim That Malaria Drugs Treat Coronavirus Sparks Warnings, Shortages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-claim-that-malaria-drugs-treat-coronavirus-sparks-warnings-shortages-11584981897 |url-access=subscription |access-date=March 26, 2020 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Kuwukira kwake pa mavoti gha [[mail-in voting]] na nthowa zinyake za kuvotera kukachepeska kugomezga kwa ŵanthu mu unenesko wa [[chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2020]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Siders |first=David |date=May 25, 2020 |title=Trump sees a 'rigged election' ahead. Democrats see a constitutional crisis in the making. |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/05/25/donald-trump-rigged-election-talk-fears-274477 |access-date=October 9, 2021 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Riccardi |first=Nicholas |date=September 17, 2020 |title=AP Fact Check: Trump's big distortions on mail-in voting |url=https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-election-2020-ap-fact-check-elections-voting-fraud-and-irregularities-8c5db90960815f91f39fe115579570b4 |access-date=October 7, 2020 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> apo uthesi wake wakukhwaskana na nthenda ya COVID-19 ukachedweska ndiposo kufowofya ivyo boma la charu likachitanga pakulimbana nayo.<ref name="NYT 4 11 20">{{cite news |first1=Eric |last1=Lipton |author-link1=Eric Lipton |first2=David E. |last2=Sanger |author-link2=David E. Sanger |first3=Maggie |last3=Haberman |author-link3=Maggie Haberman |first4=Michael D. |last4=Shear |author-link4=Michael D. Shear |first5=Mark |last5=Mazzetti |author-link5=Mark Mazzetti |first6=Julian E. |last6=Barnes |title=He Could Have Seen What Was Coming: Behind Trump's Failure on the Virus |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/11/us/politics/coronavirus-trump-response.html |access-date=April 11, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 11, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="USAT-Disinfo">{{cite news |last=Guynn |first=Jessica |date=October 5, 2020 |title=From COVID-19 to voting: Trump is nation's single largest spreader of disinformation, studies say |url=https://usatoday.com/story/tech/2020/10/05/trump-covid-19-coronavirus-disinformation-facebook-twitter-election/3632194001/ |access-date=October 7, 2020 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bergengruen |first1=Vera |last2=Hennigan |first2=W.J. |date=October 6, 2020 |title='You're Gonna Beat It.' How Donald Trump's COVID-19 Battle Has Only Fueled Misinformation |url=https://time.com/5896709/trump-covid-campaign/ |access-date=October 7, 2020 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Kanandi wakupempha yayi chigowokero pa mautesi ghake.<ref>{{cite news |last=Allen |first=Jonathan |date=December 31, 2018 |title=Does being President Trump still mean never having to say you're sorry? |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/does-being-president-trump-still-mean-never-having-say-you-n952841 |access-date=June 14, 2020 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> M'paka mu 2018, manyuzipepala na vyakupharazga vikanyake vikakanizganga kuyowoya kuti mautesi ghake "mbutesi", nangauli wakawerezganga mazgu agho ghakaŵa ghakubozgeka pakuwonekera.<ref>{{cite news |last=Greenberg |first=David |author-link=David Greenberg (historian) |date=January 28, 2017 |title=The Perils of Calling Trump a Liar |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/the-perils-of-calling-trump-a-liar-214704/ |access-date=June 13, 2020 |work=[[Politico Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="DBauder">{{cite news |last=Bauder |first=David |date=August 29, 2018 |title=News media hesitate to use 'lie' for Trump's misstatements |url=https://apnews.com/8d3c7387eff7496abcd0651124caf891 |access-date=September 27, 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=June 5, 2019 |title=Lies? The news media is starting to describe Trump's 'falsehoods' that way. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/lies-the-news-media-is-starting-to-describe-trumps-falsehoods-that-way/2019/06/05/413cc2a0-8626-11e9-a491-25df61c78dc4_story.html |access-date=April 11, 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kwambira pambere wandambe ulamuliro wake wakwamba, Trump wakalimbikiska [[List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump|visambizgo vinandi vya chiŵembu]]. Mu 2011, Trump wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa chomene pakupharazga [[Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories|chisambizgo cha "birther"]], icho chikatengeka kuti [[Barack Obama]], pulezidenti wakwamba wa United States wakafuma ku ŵanthu ŵafipa, wakababikira yayi mu United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=John |first=Arit |date=June 23, 2020 |title=From birtherism to 'treason': Trump's false allegations against Obama |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-06-23/trump-obamagate-birtherism-false-allegations |access-date=February 17, 2023 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Wakati ndiyo wakapangiska boma kufumiska satifiketi ya kubabikira ya Obama, nangauli wakati nayo yikaŵa yautesi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Keneally |first=Meghan |date=September 18, 2015 |title=Donald Trump's History of Raising Birther Questions About President Obama |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donald-trumps-history-raising-birther-questions-president-obama/story?id=33861832 |access-date=August 27, 2016 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Mu Seputembala 2016, wakazomera pakweru kuti Obama wakababikira ku United States, kweni mwautesi wakati [[Hillary Clinton]] ndiyo wakambiska mphara izi pa nyengo ya [[Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign|kampeni yake ya chisankho cha pulezidenti ya 2008]].<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C27|consensus 27]]. --><ref>{{cite news |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Trump Drops False 'Birther' Theory, but Floats a New One: Clinton Started It |first1=Maggie |last1=Haberman |author-link1=Maggie Haberman |first2=Alan |last2=Rappeport |date=September 16, 2016 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/17/us/politics/donald-trump-birther-obama.html}}</ref> Kanandi Trump wakambanga kuyowoya kuti wapulika visambizgo vya chiŵembu ivi kwa munthu munyake,<ref name="Haberman2016"/> ndipo wakalimbikiska visambizgo nga ni [[climate change denial]], [[Conspiracy theories related to the 2019 Trump–Ukraine scandal|vyakuti Ukraine yikanjilirapo pa visankho vya United States]], ndiposo vya [[vaccines and autism]].<ref name="Haberman2016">{{cite news |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=February 29, 2016 |title=Even as He Rises, Donald Trump Entertains Conspiracy Theories |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/01/us/politics/donald-trump-conspiracy-theories.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Fichera |first1=Angelo |last2=Spencer |first2=Saranac Hale |date=October 20, 2020 |title=Trump's Long History With Conspiracy Theories |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2020/10/trumps-long-history-with-conspiracy-theories/ |access-date=September 15, 2021 |work=[[FactCheck.org]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bump |first=Philip |date=November 26, 2019 |title=President Trump loves conspiracy theories. Has he ever been right? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/26/president-trump-loves-conspiracy-theories-has-he-ever-been-right/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa [[chisankho cha pulezidenti cha United States cha 2020]], wakalimbikiska visambizgo vya chiŵembu vyakukhwaskana na kutondeka kwake, ivyo vikachemeka kuti "[[Big lie (2020 United States presidential election)|boza likuru]]".<ref>{{cite magazine |last=McEvoy |first=Jemima |date=December 17, 2020 |title=These Are The Voter Fraud Claims Trump Tried (And Failed) To Overturn The Election With |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2020/12/17/these-are-the-voter-fraud-claims-trump-tried-and-failed-to-overturn-the-election-with/ |access-date=September 13, 2021 |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Block |first=Melissa |author-link=Melissa Block |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Can The Forces Unleashed By Trump's Big Election Lie Be Undone? |work=[[NPR News]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/01/16/957291939/can-the-forces-unleashed-by-trumps-big-election-lie-be-undone |access-date=December 25, 2024}}</ref> === Ubwezi wake na nkhani za vyakupharazga === {{main|Nkhondo ya Donald Trump na vyakupharazga}} Pa nyengo ya kampeni ya chisankho cha 2016, Trump wakapokera uthenga unandi waulere mu vyakupharazga kuluska kale,{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/06/14/this-harvard-study-is-a-powerful-indictment-of-the-medias-role-in-donald-trumps-rise/ |title=This Harvard study is a powerful indictment of the media's role in Donald Trump's rise |first=Chris |last=Cillizza |author-link=Chris Cillizza |date=June 14, 2016 |access-date=October 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} uwo ukawerengekanga kuti ukaŵa wakukwana madola mabiliyoni ghaŵiri.{{cite news |title=$2 Billion Worth of Free Media for Donald Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/16/upshot/measuring-donald-trumps-mammoth-advantage-in-free-media.html |first1=Nicholas |last1=Confessore |author-link1=Nicholas Confessore |first2=Karen |last2=Yourish |date=March 15, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Apo wakaŵa wakuphalizga kampeni kweniso apo wakaŵa pulezidenti, kanandi wakasuska vyakupharazga kuti vikutemwera chigaŵa chinyake, ndipo wakavichemanga kuti "vyakupharazga vya nkhani zautesi" na "mulwani wa ŵanthu".{{cite web |last1=Hetherington |first1=Marc |last2=Ladd |first2=Jonathan M. |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Destroying trust in the media, science, and government has left America vulnerable to disaster |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2020/05/01/destroying-trust-in-the-media-science-and-government-has-left-america-vulnerable-to-disaster/ |access-date=October 11, 2021 |publisher=[[Brookings Institution]]}} Mu ulamuliro wake wakwamba, boma la Trump likachepeskako misonkhano yakudumbiskana na ŵapharazgi kufuma pa pafupifupi 100 mu 2017 kufika pa yiŵiri pera mu 2019, ndipo likawuskapo zilolezgo za ŵapharazgi ŵaŵiri ŵa ku White House, ivyo vikaweleraso na makhoti.{{cite news |last=Grynbaum |first=Michael M. |date=December 30, 2019 |title=After Another Year of Trump Attacks, 'Ominous Signs' for the American Press |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/30/business/media/trump-media-2019.html |access-date=October 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Kufika mu 2024, Trump wakalutilira kuyowoya kuti wakovwira [[Kuzomerezga yayi kususka boma|kuŵika dango lakukanizga kususka boma]] na kumususka,{{cite news |last=Kapur |first=Sahil |date=October 13, 2024 |title='Totally illegal': Trump escalates rhetoric on outlawing political dissent and criticism |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/totally-illegal-trump-escalates-rhetoric-outlawing-political-dissent-c-rcna174280 |access-date=November 23, 2024 |work=[[NBC News]]}} ndipo wakati ŵapharazgi ŵakwenera kusuzgika na dango usange ŵakukana kuvumbura awo ŵakuŵapa uthenga mwachisisi, kweniso kuti makampani gha vyakupharazga ghangaŵavya mazaza ghakupharazga usange ghakupharazga vinthu viheni vyakukhwaskana na iyo.{{cite news |last=Folkenflik |first=David |author-link=David Folkenflik |date=October 21, 2024 |title=Could Trump's threats against news outlets carry weight if he wins the presidency? |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/10/21/nx-s1-5150039/could-trumps-threats-against-news-outlets-carry-weight-if-he-wins-the-presidency |access-date=November 23, 2024 |work=[[NPR News]]}} Mu ulamuliro wake wachiŵiri, ivyo Trump wakachitira vyakupharazga vikaŵa vyambura kuchitikapo mu mbiri yasono ya United States,{{cite news |last1=Spike |first1=Justin |last2=Riccardi |first2=Nicholas |date=September 18, 2025 |title=Trump's moves against the media mirror approaches by authoritarian leaders to silence dissent |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-dictators-media-putin-russia-orban-hungary-2de4b920e9d7952eed132d38e1934ce5 |access-date=September 18, 2025}} ndipo ŵakulemba mbiri ŵakati vikayananga na ivyo ŵalongozgi ŵankhongono ŵakuchita pakukanizga ŵakususkana nawo pa ndyali ndipo vikakhwaska viheni [[wanangwa wa kuyowoya]] na [[wanangwa wa vyakupharazga]].{{cite news |last1=Abels |first1=Grace |last2=Sherman |first2=Amy |date=April 29, 2025 |title=President Trump said he 'brought back free speech.' His first 100 days tell a different story. |work=[[PolitiFact]] |url=https://www.politifact.com/article/2025/apr/29/donald-trump-free-speech-First-Amendment-100-days/ |access-date=May 4, 2025}}{{cite news |last1=Gilliand |first1=Olivia |last2=Dumalaon |first2=Janelle |date=April 26, 2025 |title=Trump's attacks on media test US press freedom rules |work=[[Deutsche Welle]] |url=https://www.dw.com/en/trumps-attacks-on-media-tests-us-first-amendment-press-freedom/a-72359073 |access-date=May 4, 2025}} Kampeni yakulamulira kayowoyero yikayaniskika na [[cancel culture]], boma lakusezga wanangwa wa kayowoyero, na [[McCarthyism]].{{cite news |last1=Riccardi |first1=Nicholas |last2=Konstantin |first2=Toropin |date=September 15, 2025 |title=Trump administration joins Republicans' campaign to police speech in reaction to Kirk's murder |url=https://apnews.com/article/charlie-kirk-speech-republicans-firings-government-vance-e65a4939b80e4f4822db188e978d8812 |access-date=September 15, 2025 |work=[[AP News]]}}{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/sep/16/charlie-kirk-shooting-trump-progressive-groups |title=Progressive groups fear 'McCarthy era' attacks in wake of Charlie Kirk shooting |first=George |last=Chidi |date=September 16, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=September 18, 2025}}{{cite news |last=Yerushalmy |first=Jonathan |date=September 18, 2025 |title='Censoring you in real time': suspension of Jimmy Kimmel show sparks shock and fears for free speech |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2025/sep/18/jimmy-kimmel-suspension-sparks-shock-fears-for-free-speech-censoring-realtime |access-date=September 18, 2025 |work=[[The Guardian]]}} [[Federal Communications Commission]] yikamba kufufuza vyakupharazga ivyo vikapusikikanga kuti vikutemwera ŵakususkana nayo.{{cite news |last=Brodkin |first=Jon |date=January 23, 2025 |title=Trump's FCC chair gets to work on punishing TV news stations accused of bias |work=[[Ars Technica]] |url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/01/trumps-fcc-chair-gets-to-work-on-punishing-news-stations-accused-of-bias/ |access-date=March 20, 2025}} Chifukwa cha vyakofya vya Trump, ŵalongozgi ŵa vyakupharazga ŵakaphalira ŵapharazgi na ŵantchito ŵawo kuti [[kujikanizga ŵekha]] ndipo ŵachepeskeko kumususka Trump.{{cite news |last1=Fischer |first1=Sara |last2=Wang |first2=Christine |date=May 27, 2025 |title=Journalism under pressure amid fear of retribution |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/05/27/trump-journalism-pressure |access-date=May 31, 2025}} Ŵanandi ŵakati Trump wakapangiska kuchepa kukuru kwa [[wanangwa wa vyakupharazga]], kusazgapo magulu ghakovwira ŵapharazgi{{cite web |last=Ferragamo |first=Mariel |title=World Press Freedom Continues Decline at a Time of Upheaval |url=https://www.cfr.org/article/world-press-freedom-continues-decline-time-upheaval |website=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] |date=May 2, 2025 |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=United States |url=https://rsf.org/en/country/united-states |website=[[Reporters Without Borders]] |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=Press freedom in the US |url=https://cpj.org/issue/press-freedom-in-the-us/ |website=[[Committee to Protect Journalists]] |access-date=January 15, 2026}}{{cite web |title=Will press freedom decline further? |url=https://www.media-diversity.org/2026-the-year-ahead-will-press-freedom-decline-further/ |website=[[Media Diversity Institute]] |date=January 6, 2026 |access-date=January 15, 2026}} kweniso mabuku gha masambiro.{{cite journal |last=West |first=Sonja R. |title=Presidential Attacks on the Press |journal=[[Missouri Law Review]] |volume=83 |pages=915 |year=2018 |url=https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/fac_artchop/1276/ |access-date=January 16, 2026}}{{cite journal |last1=Jones |first1=RonNell Andersen |last2=West |first2=Sonja R. |title=The Fragility of the Free American Press |journal=[[Northwestern University Law Review]] |volume=112 |issue=3 |pages=567 |year=2017 |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/nulr/vol112/iss3/5/ |access-date=January 16, 2026}}{{cite book |last=Kalb |first=Marvin |title=Enemy of the People: Trump's War on the Press, the New McCarthyism, and the Threat to American Democracy |publisher=[[Brookings Institution Press]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.hks.harvard.edu/publications/enemy-people-trumps-war-press-new-mccarthyism-and-threat-american-democracy |access-date=January 16, 2026}} === Vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti === {{main|Kugwiliskira ntchito vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti na Donald Trump|Kugwiliskira ntchito X na Donald Trump}} Kufuma mu 2009 mpaka apo wakakanizgikira mu Janyuwale 2021, Trump wakalemba pa Twitter mauthenga ghakujumpha 57,000.{{cite news |last1=Madhani |first1=Aamer |last2=Colvin |first2=Jill |date=January 9, 2021 |title=A farewell to @realDonaldTrump, gone after 57,000 tweets |url=https://apnews.com/article/twitter-donald-trump-ban-cea450b1f12f4ceb8984972a120018d5 |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[AP News]]}} Pamanyuma pa vyaka vinandi vya kususkika chifukwa chakuzomerezga Trump kulemba uthenga wa upusikizgi na mautesi, Twitter yikamba kuŵika vimanyikwiro vya kusimikizga unenesko pa mauthenga ghanyake gha Trump mu Meyi 2020.{{cite news |last=Dwoskin |first=Elizabeth |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Twitter labels Trump's tweets with a fact check for the first time |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/05/26/trump-twitter-label-fact-check/ |access-date=July 7, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}} Wakakanizgika kugwiliskira ntchito Facebook, [[Instagram]], Twitter, na mapulatifomu ghanyake pamanyuma pa [[Kuukira Nyumba ya Malango ya United States pa Janyuwale 6, 2021]].{{cite news |last1=Fischer |first1=Sara |last2=Gold |first2=Ashley |date=January 11, 2021 |title=All the platforms that have banned or restricted Trump so far |url=https://www.axios.com/platforms-social-media-ban-restrict-trump-d9e44f3c-8366-4ba9-a8a1-7f3114f920f1.html |access-date=January 16, 2021 |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]}}{{cite news |last1=Conger |first1=Kate |author-link1=Kate Conger |last2=Isaac |first2=Mike |author-link2=Mike Isaac |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Inside Twitter's Decision to Cut Off Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/16/technology/twitter-donald-trump-jack-dorsey.html |access-date=October 10, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} Kutaya mwayi wake wa vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti kukachepeska nkhongono yake yakukhwaska ivyo vikachitikanga{{cite news |last=Timberg |first=Craig |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Twitter ban reveals that tech companies held keys to Trump's power all along |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/14/trump-twitter-megaphone/ |access-date=February 17, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}}{{cite news |last1=Alba |first1=Davey |author-link1=Davey Alba |last2=Koeze |first2=Ella |last3=Silver |first3=Jacob |date=June 7, 2021 |title=What Happened When Trump Was Banned on Social Media |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/06/07/technology/trump-social-media-ban.html |access-date=December 21, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}} ndipo kukayaniskika na kuchepa kukuru kwa uthenga wa upusikizgi pa Twitter.{{cite news |last1=Dwoskin |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Timberg |first2=Craig |date=January 16, 2021 |title=Misinformation dropped dramatically the week after Twitter banned Trump and some allies |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/16/misinformation-trump-twitter/ |access-date=February 17, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} Mu Febuluwale 2022, wakambiska pulatifomu ya vyakupharazga vya pa Intaneti ya [[Truth Social]], uko wakakopa ŵakulondezga ŵachoko waka pakuyaniska na Twitter.{{cite news |last1=Harwell |first1=Drew |author-link1=Drew Harwell |last2=Dawsey |first2=Josh |author-link2=Josh Dawsey |date=November 7, 2022 |title=Trump once reconsidered sticking with Truth Social. Now he's stuck. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/07/trump-once-reconsidered-sticking-with-truth-social-now-hes-stuck/ |access-date=May 7, 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url-access=limited}} Twitter yikamuwezgerapo akaunti yake mu Novembala 2022.{{cite news |last1=Mac |first1=Ryan |author-link1=Ryan Mac |last2=Browning |first2=Kellen |date=November 19, 2022 |title=Elon Musk Reinstates Trump's Twitter Account |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/19/technology/trump-twitter-musk.html |access-date=November 21, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}{{cite news |last1=Dang |first1=Sheila |last2=Coster |first2=Helen |date=November 20, 2022 |title=Trump snubs Twitter after Musk announces reactivation of ex-president's account |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/musks-twitter-poll-showing-narrow-majority-want-trump-reinstated-2022-11-20/ |access-date=May 10, 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-access=limited}} Kuletshelereka kwa vyaka viŵiri pa [[Meta Platforms]] kukamara mu Janyuwale 2023, ndipo wakazomerezgekaso kugwiliskira ntchito Facebook na Instagram.{{cite news |last=Bond |first=Shannon |date=January 23, 2023 |title=Meta allows Donald Trump back on Facebook and Instagram |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/01/25/1146961818/trump-meta-facebook-instagram-ban-ends |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> == Kuwonelera == === Chithuzithuzi cha ŵanthu === {{main|Chithuzithuzi cha Donald Trump pa maso pa ŵanthu|Kafukufuku wa maghanoghano pa nyengo yakwamba ya ulamuliro wa Trump}} Mu nyengo yakwamba ya Trump, kufuma mu 2017 m'paka 2021, ŵanthu pa charu chose ŵakakhumbanga chomene yayi ulongozgi wa United States. Kuvomerezga kukakhira kufuma pafupifupi pa 22&nbsp;peresenti mu kafukufuku wa [[Gallup, Inc.|Gallup]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Datta |first=Monti |date=September 16, 2019 |title=3 countries where Trump is popular |url=https://theconversation.com/3-countries-where-trump-is-popular-120317 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]}}</ref> wa vyaru 134 kufika pa 16&nbsp;peresenti mu kafukufuku wa [[Pew Research|Pew Research]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wike |first1=Richard |last2=Fetterolf |first2=Janell |last3=Mordecai |first3=Mara |date=September 15, 2020 |title=U.S. Image Plummets Internationally as Most Say Country Has Handled Coronavirus Badly |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/09/15/us-image-plummets-internationally-as-most-say-country-has-handled-coronavirus-badly/ |access-date=December 24, 2020 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> wa vyaru 13. Mu 2017, kuwona makora ulongozgi wa United States kukakhira chomene pakati pa vyaru vyabwezi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rating World Leaders: 2018 The U.S. vs. Germany, China and Russia |url=https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000161-0647-da3c-a371-867f6acc0001 |access-date=October 3, 2021 |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]] |via=[[Politico]]}} Page 9</ref> Mu United States, Trump wakasindikizgika chomene na ŵa chipani cha Republican: 88&nbsp;peresenti ya ŵa Republican na 7&nbsp;peresenti ya ŵa Democratic.<ref name="Jones">{{cite web |last=Jones |first=Jeffrey M. |date=January 18, 2021 |title=Last Trump Job Approval 34%; Average Is Record-Low 41% |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/328637/last-trump-job-approval-average-record-low.aspx |access-date=October 3, 2021 |publisher=[[Gallup, Inc.]]}}</ref> Mu kafukufuku wa Gallup wa 2021, wakaŵa pulezidenti yekha uyo wandafikepo pa 50&nbsp;peresenti ya kuvomerezgeka, ndipo wakaŵaso wakwamba kuleka kusankhika kuŵa munthu wakutemweka chomene mu chaka chake chakwamba pa udindo.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bach |first=Natash |date=December 28, 2017 |title=Trump Is the Only Elected U.S. President Not to Be Named America's Most Admired Man In His First Year |url=https://fortune.com/2017/12/28/gallup-most-admired-man-and-woman-obama-clinton/ |access-date=November 19, 2024 |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]}}</ref> === Masanjiro gha ŵasambizgi === {{further|Masanjiro gha mbiri ya ŵapulezidenti ŵa United States}} Pamanyuma pa nyengo yakwamba ya Trump, [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States#2021 C-SPAN|ŵakulemba mbiri ŵakasanja Trump]] kuŵa pulezidenti wa nambara yachinayi kufuma pasi mu kafukufuku wa [[C-SPAN]] wa 2021 wa ŵakulemba mbiri ya ŵapulezidenti.<ref>{{cite web |year=2021 |url=https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/ |title=Presidential Historians Survey 2021 |work=[[C-SPAN]] |access-date=June 30, 2021}}</ref> Wakasanga mavoti ghachoko chomene mu magulu gha ulongozgi wakwenerera na luso lwa kuwusa.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sheehey |first=Maeve |date=June 30, 2021 |title=Trump debuts at 41st in C-SPAN presidential rankings |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/06/30/trump-cspan-president-ranking-497184 |access-date=March 31, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Brockell |first=Gillian |title=Historians just ranked the presidents. Trump wasn't last. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/06/30/presidential-rankings-2021-cspan-historians/ |access-date=July 1, 2021 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 30, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Kafukufuku wa [[Siena College Research Institute]] wa 2022 [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States#2022 Siena College|ukamusanja]] kuŵa wachitatu kufuma pasi. Wakasangika pafupi na umaliro mu magulu ghose kupatulako mwaŵi, kukhumbisiska kutora viwopsezo, na ulongozgi wa chipani, ndipo wakamalira paumaliro mu magulu ghanandi.<ref name="scri_22">{{cite web |url=https://scri.siena.edu/2022/06/22/american-presidents-greatest-and-worst/ |title=American Presidents: Greatest and Worst |publisher=[[Siena College Research Institute]] |date=June 22, 2022 |access-date=July 11, 2022}}</ref> Mu 2018 na 2024, [[American Political Science Association]] yikamusanja kuŵa pulezidenti muheni chomene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rottinghaus |first1=Brandon |last2=Vaughn |first2=Justin S. |date=February 19, 2018 |title=Opinion: How Does Trump Stack Up Against the Best—and Worst—Presidents? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/19/opinion/how-does-trump-stack-up-against-the-best-and-worst-presidents.html |access-date=July 13, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chappell |first=Bill |date=February 19, 2024 |title=In historians' Presidents Day survey, Biden vs. Trump is not a close call |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1232447088/historians-presidents-survey-trump-last-biden-14th |work=[[NPR News]]}}</ref> == Umoyo wa munthu == === Banja === {{main|Banja la Trump}} [[File:State Visit of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia State Dinner Receiving Line with Ivana Trump and Donald Trump in East Room - DPLA - 1a44d05819eab8ba3dcf7a6883ad92ba.jpg|thumb|Trump na muwoli wake Ivana pa chakurya cha boma mu 1985 pakupokelera Fumu [[Fahd wa Saudi Arabia]] pamoza na Pulezidenti [[Ronald Reagan]] na Muwoli Wakwamba [[Nancy Reagan]]|alt=Ivana Trump na Fumu Fahd ŵakukorana mawoko, apo Ronald Reagan wali pafupi nawo wakuseka.]] Mu 1977, Trump wakatora [[Ivana Zelníčková]].{{sfn|Blair|2015|p=300}} Ŵakaŵa na ŵana ŵatatu: [[Donald Jr.]] (wakababika mu 1977), [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] (wakababika mu 1981), na [[Eric Trump|Eric]] (wakababika mu 1984). Ivana wakachita ntchito yikuru pakupangiska kuti manyuzipepala na mawailesi vimulembere makora Trump, ivyo vikawovwira kupanga chithuzithuzi chake kuŵa munthu mukuru wa bizinesi ya malo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Blair |first=Gwenda |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/07/17/without-ivana-trump-there-is-no-donald-trump |title=Without Ivana, There's No 'The Donald' |work=[[Politico]] |date=July 17, 2022 |access-date=April 3, 2026}}</ref> Ŵakapatukana mu 1990, pamanyuma pakuti wakaŵa na chibwezi na modeli kweniso mulembi wa mafilimu [[Marla Maples]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Barron |first=James |author-link=James Barron (journalist) |date=December 12, 1990 |title=Trumps Get Divorce; Next, Who Gets What? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/12/nyregion/trumps-get-divorce-next-who-gets-what.html |access-date=March 5, 2023 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref> Iyo na Maples ŵakatorana mu 1993 ndipo ŵakapatukana mu 1999. Ŵali na mwana mwanakazi yumoza, [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] (wakababika mu 1993), uyo wakakulira na Maples ku California.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hafner |first=Josh |date=July 19, 2016 |title=Get to know Donald's other daughter: Tiffany Trump |url=https://usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2016/07/19/who-is-tiffany-trump/87321708/ |access-date=July 10, 2022 |newspaper=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Mu 2005, wakatora modeli wa ku Slovenia [[Melania Knauss]].{{sfn|Kranish|Fisher|2017|p=266}} Mwana wawo mwanalume [[Barron Trump|Barron]] wakababika mu 2006.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 2, 2021 |title=Donald Trump Fast Facts |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/07/04/us/donald-trump-fast-facts/ |access-date=September 29, 2021 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> ===Usambazi=== {{main|Usambazi wa Donald Trump}} [[File:1982- Net worth of Donald Trump.svg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|Usambazi wake pa nyengo zakupambanapambana, nga umo ukawerengekera na ''[[Forbes]]''<ref name="Forbes1982-">Source for years 1982–2000: {{cite magazine |date=October 3, 2023 |last=Alexander |first=Dan |title=Here's How Much Donald Trump Is Worth |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110003952/https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |archive-date=November 10, 2023<!-- DO NOT REMOVE the archive parameters in this citation. This cite is an exception case exempted from [[Talk:Donald Trump#C25|consensus 25]]. --> |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=March 28, 2026}} Data is not available for 1990 through 1995 because Trump was not included in the [[Forbes 400|''Forbes'' 400]] list.</ref><ref name=Forbes2001->Source for years 2001–2026: {{cite magazine |date=March 25, 2026 |last1=Alexander |first1=Dan |last2=Khan-Mullins |first2=Kyle |title=Here's How Much Donald Trump Is Worth |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/article/the-definitive-networth-of-donaldtrump/ |magazine=[[Forbes]]}}</ref>]] Trump wakayowoya kuti wakamba ntchito yake na "ngongoli yichoko ya madola miliyoni yimoza" yakufuma kwa awiske, ndipo wakayenera kuyiwezga pamoza na chiwongolero.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stump |first=Scott |date=October 26, 2015 |title=Donald Trump: My dad gave me 'a small loan' of $1 million to get started |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2015/10/26/donald-trump-my-dad-gave-me-a-small-loan-of-1-million-to-get-started.html |access-date=November 13, 2016 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> Wakabwereka ndalama zakuluska madola miliyoni 60 kufuma kwa awiske, wakabwezga yayi ngongoli zinandi, ndipo wakapokera madola miliyoni 413 (mwakuyana na ndalama za 2018, para kwasazgikapo kukwera kwa mitengo) kufuma ku kampani ya malo ya awiske.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |author-link1=David Barstow |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |author-link3=Russ Buettner |date=October 2, 2018 |title=11 Takeaways From The Times's Investigation into Trump's Wealth |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-wealth-fred-trump.html |access-date=October 3, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Tax_Schemes"/> Wakati wakujichemanga kuti ni msilikali wa [[Trump Organization]] zina lake "[[John Barron (zina lakubisika)|John Barron]]", Trump wakachema mulembi wa nkhani Jonathan Greenberg mu 1984 kuti waleke kumupa malo ghapachanya pa mndandanda wa [[Forbes 400|''Forbes'' 400]] wa ŵanthu ŵasambazi chomene mu America.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/20/politics/trump-forbes-400-list-cnntv/ |title=Ex-Forbes reporter says Trump posed as executive, lied to him to crack Forbes 400 list |last=Stracqualursi |first=Veronica |date=April 20, 2018 |access-date=December 25, 2024 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref>{{pb}}Trump wakajiyowoyera yekha kuti usambazi wake ukasintha chomene, kufuma pa minus madola miliyoni 900 mu 1990,<ref name="broke">{{cite news |last1=Hilzenrath |first1=David S. |last2=Singletary |first2=Michelle |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1992/11/29/trump-went-broke-but-stayed-on-top/e1685555-1de7-400c-99a8-9cd9c0bca9fe/ |title=Trump went broke, but stayed on top |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 29, 1992 |access-date=June 19, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> kufika pa madola biliyoni 10 mu 2015.{{sfn|Johnston|2021|p=20}} Pamanyuma pa kubankirapusi kwa mabizinesi ghake mu ma 1990, awo wakabwerekako ndalama ŵakamugowokera ngongoli zakuluska 80% za ngongoli zake ndipo ŵakamuzomerezga kulutilira kuŵa na malo ghanyake.<ref name="broke"/> Mu 2015, ''[[Forbes]]'' yikawona kuti usambazi wake ukaŵa madola biliyoni 4.5, mwakutolera pa mafumbo na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 80.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Lane |first=Randall |date=September 29, 2015 |title=Inside The Epic Fantasy That's Driven Donald Trump For 33 Years |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/randalllane/2015/09/29/inside-the-epic-fantasy-thats-driven-donald-trump-for-33-years/ |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=April 3, 2025}}</ref> Mu 2026, magazini iyi yikati usambazi wake ukaŵa madola biliyoni 6.5 ndipo yikamwika pa nambara 645 pa ŵanthu ŵasambazi chomene pa charu chose.<!-- UPDATE ANNUALLY (around early April) per [[Talk:Donald Trump#C5|consensus 5]]. --><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Peterson-Withorn |first1=Chase |last2=Chung |first2=Grace |last3=Durot |first3=Matt |year=2026 |title=Forbes World's Billionaires List - The Richest in 2026 |url=https://www.forbes.com/billionaires/ |magazine=[[Forbes]] |access-date=March 24, 2026}} – Scroll down and enter "trump" in the search box.</ref> ===Ubwezi na Jeffrey Epstein=== {{main|Ubwezi wa Donald Trump na Jeffrey Epstein}} Trump wakaŵa paubwezi na [[Jeffrey Epstein]] kwa vyaka 15. Ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵamanyanga pa nyengo iyi ŵakati kanandi ŵakakhumbanga ŵanakazi ŵeneŵara ndipo ŵakachitanga mpikisano chifukwa cha ŵanakazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Goldstein |first2=Matthew |date=July 19, 2025 |title=Inside the Long Friendship Between Trump and Epstein |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/19/us/politics/inside-trump-epstein-friendship.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=August 27, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Nkhani iyi yikamba kutchukanga chomene mu mawayilesi na pakati pa ŵanthu mu 2025 apo boma lake likafumiska yayi [[Mafayilo gha Epstein|mafayilo ghakukhwaskana na Epstein]], nangauli Trump wakalayizga kuchita nthena pa kampeni ya chisankho cha 2024.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Victoria |last1=Bisset |first2=Dylan |last2=Wells |date=August 2, 2025 |title=A timeline of how the Epstein controversy became a headache for Trump |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/07/24/trump-jeffrey-epstein-relationship-controversy-timeline/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=August 27, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mafayilo ghanyake ghakafumiskika mu Disembala 2025, kweni ghanandi ghakaŵa ghakufipiskika kuti ghawonekeso yayi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Feuer |first=Alan |date=December 20, 2025 |title=6 Takeaways From the First Batch of the Epstein Files |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/19/us/politics/epstein-files-takeaways.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=December 20, 2025}}</ref> Pafupifupi mapeji miliyoni zitatu agho ghakafumiskika mu 2026 ghakaŵa na mazgu pafupifupi 38,000 agho ghakayowoyanga vya Trump, muwoli wake, Mar-a-Lago, na mazina ghanyake ghakukhwaskana na Trump. Vinthu ivyo vikayowoyanga vya Trump vikapangiska "nkhani zakukopa chidwi" kweniso mazgu ghambura kukhozgeka agho ŵakaboni ŵakayowoya mu malemba agho ghakalembeka kwamba m'ma 2000.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Eder |first1=Steve |last2=Bender |first2=Michael C. |author-link2=Michael C. Bender |last3=Enrich |first3=David |author-link3=David Enrich |date=February 1, 2026 |title=How Trump Appears in the Epstein Files |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/01/us/trump-epstein-files.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 6, 2026}}</ref> ===Umoyo=== {{main|Ukulu wa vyaka na nkhawa za umoyo wa Donald Trump}} Trump wakuti wandamwengepo moŵa, wandasutepo sigareti, panji kugwiliskira ntchito munkhwala wakuzweteska bongo,<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C67|consensus 67]]. --><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/us/trump-biden-alcohol.html |title=In Trump and Biden, a Choice of Teetotalers for President |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |date=October 30, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/kavanaugh-likes-beer--but-trump-is-a-teetotaler-he-doesnt-like-drinkers/2018/10/02/783f585c-c674-11e8-b1ed-1d2d65b86d0c_story.html |title=Kavanaugh likes beer — but Trump is a teetotaler: 'He doesn't like drinkers.' |last1=Parker |first1=Ashley |author-link1=Ashley Parker |last2=Rucker |first2=Philip |author-link2=Philip Rucker |date=October 2, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndipo wakuti wakugona maora ghanayi panji ghankhondi pera usiku uliwose.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE preceding sentence without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C67|consensus 67]]. --><ref>{{cite news |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3970379/donald-trump-sleep-hours-night/ |title=Donald Trump sleeps 4–5 hours each night; he's not the only famous 'short sleeper' |last=Dangerfield |first=Katie |date=January 17, 2018 |work=[[Global News]] |access-date=February 5, 2021}}</ref>{{sfn|Almond|Du|2020}} Wakuti kuseŵera gofu ndiyo ni "nthowa yake yikuru yakuchitira maseŵero gha thupi", kweni kanandi wakwenda yayi pa malo ghose gha maseŵero agha.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thegolfnewsnet.com/golfnewsnetteam/2018/07/14/donald-trump-exercise-golf-cart-turnberry-110166/ |title=Donald Trump says he gets most of his exercise from golf, then uses cart at Turnberry |work=Golf News Net |date=July 14, 2018 |access-date=July 4, 2019 |first=Ryan |last=Ballengee}}</ref> Wakuwona kuti kuchita maseŵero gha thupi nkhusakwenelera chifukwa wakugomezga kuti thupi "lili nga ni batire, ilo lili na nkhongono zakumara", ndipo nkhongono izi zikumarapo chifukwa cha kuchita maseŵero gha thupi.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/trump-thinks-that-exercising-too-much-uses-up-the-bodys-finite-energy/2017/05/12/bb0b9bda-365d-11e7-b4ee-434b6d506b37_story.html |first=Rachael |last=Rettner |title=Trump thinks that exercising too much uses up the body's 'finite' energy |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 14, 2017 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{sfn|O'Donnell|Rutherford|1991|p=133}} In 2015, kampani ya Trump yikafumiska kalata yakufuma kwa dokotala wake wa nyengo yitali, [[Harold Bornstein]], iyo yikati wakazamuŵa "munthu wathanzi chomene uyo wakusankhika kuŵa pulezidenti".<ref name="dictation">{{cite news |first1=Alex |last1=Marquardt |first2=Lawrence III |last2=Crook |title=Exclusive: Bornstein claims Trump dictated the glowing health letter |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/01/politics/harold-bornstein-trump-letter/ |work=[[CNN]] |date=May 1, 2018 |access-date=May 20, 2018}}</ref> Mu 2018, Bornstein wakayowoya kuti Trump ndiyo wakamuphalira ivyo vilembeke mu kalata iyi ndipo ŵanthu ŵatatu awo ŵakimiranga Trump ŵakapoka mafayilo gha chipatala chake pa nyengo iyo ŵakachita msokwe mu ofesi yake mu Febuluwale 2017.<ref name="dictation" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-doc-says-trump-bodyguard-lawyer-raided-his-office-took-n870351 |title=Trump doctor Harold Bornstein says bodyguard, lawyer 'raided' his office, took medical files |last=Schecter |first=Anna |date=May 1, 2018 |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=June 6, 2019}}</ref> Kwambira mu 2025, Trump wakawonekanga nga wakugona pa maungano, ndipo ichi chikapangiska ŵanthu kufumba vya nkhongono zake na umo wakupwelelera umoyo wake.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rogers |first1=Katie |author-link1=Katie Rogers (journalist) |last2=Freedman |first2=Dylan |date=November 25, 2025 |title=Shorter Days, Signs of Fatigue: Trump Faces Realities of Aging in Office |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/25/us/politics/trump-age-health.html |access-date=May 11, 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Allison |first1=Natalie |last2=Diamond |first2=Dan |last3=Reiger |first3=JM |date=December 2, 2025 |title=Trump appears to doze off in another meeting |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/12/02/donald-trump-drowsy-cabinet-meeting/ |url-access=limited |access-date=May 11, 2026}}</ref> ===Chisopa=== {{main|Donald Trump na chisopa|Ŵakhristu awo ŵakukhozgera Donald Trump}} [[File:AI-Generated Image depicting Donald Trump as Jesus Christ.jpg|thumb|upright|Nkhani ya Epulero 2026|alt=Trump mu munjilira utope na chakuvwara chakofira panthazi pa mbendera ya America, na mawoko ghake ghakuwala ghakuchizga munthu uyo wagona pa bedi la chipatala. Ŵanthu ŵanayi, kusazgapo nesi na msilikari, ŵakulaŵiska apo mphwembe na ndege za nkhondo zikuluta kuchanya, ndipo kumanyuma kuli vimoto vya kusangwa pa [[Statue of Liberty]], pamoza na ŵasilikari ŵakuwoneka nga ni vivuzga na nyali zakufuma mu mabingu.]] Trump wakayowoya mu 2016 kuti wakaŵa [[Presbyterian]] ndiposo [[Protestant]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Campbell |first=Colin |title=Trump: If I'm president, 'Christianity will have power' in the US |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-christianity-merry-christmas-2016-1 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=January 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Engel |first=Pamela |title=Trump on God: 'Hopefully I won't have to be asking for much forgiveness' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-on-god-jesus-2016-6 |website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=June 8, 2016}}</ref> Mu 2020, wakayowoya kuti wakaŵa Mkhristu wambura kuŵikika ku chisopa chimoza.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Jenkins |first1=Jack |last2=Mwaura |first2=Maina |title=Trump, confirmed a Presbyterian, now identifies as 'non-denominational Christian' |url=https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2020/10/24/trump-confirmed-presbyterian-now-identifies-non-denominational |magazine=[[America (magazine)|America]] |access-date=January 20, 2025 |date=October 24, 2020}}</ref> Mu nyengo yake yakwamba ya u pulezidenti, Trump wakasankha muphara wake wa chisopa,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |author-link1=Jeremy W. Peters |last2=Dias |first2=Elizabeth |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/02/us/politics/paula-white-trump.html |title=Paula White, Newest White House Aide, Is a Uniquely Trumpian Pastor |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 2, 2019 |access-date=August 14, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> ndiposo mlangizi wake wa vyauzimu,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Shellnut |first=Faith |url=https://www.christianitytoday.com/2019/11/white-house-appoints-paula-white-to-oversee-faith-outreach/ |title=Trump Appoints Paula White to Oversee Faith Office |magazine=[[Christianity Today]] |date=February 10, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref> mupharazgi wa pa TV [[Paula White-Cain]], kuŵa mu [[Office of Public Liaison|Ofesi ya Maubwezi gha Ŵanthu ya ku White House]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Jeremy W. |author-link1=Jeremy W. Peters |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/31/us/politics/paula-white-trump.html |title=Paula White, Trump's Personal Pastor, Joins the White House |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 31, 2019 |access-date=September 29, 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Mu nyengo yake yachiŵiri, wakamusankha kuŵa mlangizi mukuru wa [[White House Faith Office|Ofesi ya Chisopa ya White House]] iyo yikapangika sonosono.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gabbatt |first=Adam |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/apr/05/paula-white-faith-office-trump |title='False teacher': Trump's pick to head the 'White House faith office' roils some fellow Christians |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=April 5, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bridges |first1=C. A. |last2=Walker |first2=Diamond |url=https://palmbeachpost.com/story/news/trump/2025/02/20/pastor-paula-white-facts-trumps-head-white-house-faith-office/78604425007/ |title=Trump's new faith office. What to know about controversial Florida pastor Paula White |newspaper=[[The Palm Beach Post]] |date=February 20, 2025 |access-date=August 14, 2025}}</ref> Kafukufuku munyengo yake yakwamba ya u pulezidenti wakalongora kuti 63% ya ŵanthu mu America ŵakagomezganga yayi kuti wakaŵa munthu wa chisopa ndipo 44% ŵakagomezganga kuti wakaŵa Mkhristu.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fahmy |first=Dalia |date=March 25, 2020 |title=Most Americans don't see Trump as religious; fewer than half say they think he's Christian |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/03/25/most-americans-dont-see-trump-as-religious/ |access-date=April 21, 2023 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> Mu kafukufuku wa Epulero 2026, 70% ya awo ŵakafumbika ŵakati Trump ngwakusopa yayi chomene panji wakusopa yayi nadi.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rotolo |first=Chip |date=April 16, 2026 |title=Americans have become more likely to say Trump is not too or not at all religious |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2026/04/16/americans-have-become-more-likely-to-say-trump-is-not-too-or-not-at-all-religious/?cb_viewport=tablet |access-date=June 2, 2026 |work=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> Ivyo Trump wakayowoya vya Baibolo panji milimo ya Chikhristu vyapangiska ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakumususka kuyowoya kuti kumanya kwake Chikhristu nkhwachoko panji kwambura kwenelera, ndipo ŵalembi ŵachoko waka ŵa mbiri ya umoyo wake ŵakamulongosora kuti wakaŵa munthu wakusopa chomene yayi panji kuti wakaŵa wakusopa chomene nadi yayi.<ref name="LATimes17">{{cite news |last1=Friedman |first1=Ann |title=Op-Ed: Is Trump religious? Who cares? |url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-friedman-trump-religion-20170419-story.html |access-date=March 31, 2025 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=April 19, 2017}}</ref><ref name="NPR16">{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Jessica |title=Citing 'Two Corinthians,' Trump Struggles To Make The Sale To Evangelicals |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/01/18/463528847/citing-two-corinthians-trump-struggles-to-make-the-sale-to-evangelicals |access-date=March 31, 2025 |work=[[NPR News]] |date=January 18, 2016}}</ref> Mu Epulero 2026, Trump wakatumizga chithuzithuzi chakapangika na [[AI art|AI]] icho chikamulongora nga ni Yesu Khristu. Chithuzithuzi ichi chikafufutika pamanyuma pa kususkika. Pamanyuma wakayowoya kuti wakaghanaghananga kuti chithuzithuzi ichi chikamulongoranga nga ni dokotala.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rogers |first=Katie |author-link1=Katie Rogers (journalist) |date=April 13, 2026 |title=Trump Posted a Picture of Himself as Jesus. Now He's Trying to Explain It Away. |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/13/us/politics/trump-jesus-picture-pope-leo.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 4, 2026}}</ref> ==Wonaniso== * [[List of awards and honors received by Donald Trump]] * [[Pseudonyms used by Donald Trump]] ==Vyakuti mumanye== {{notelist}} ==Ukaboni== ===Citations=== {{reflist}} ===Mabuku ghakulembeka=== ====Wabuku waka==== <!-- This section is ONLY for books that are cited in footnotes of this Wikipedia article. --> {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last=Barrett |first=Wayne |author-link=Wayne Barrett |date=2016 |orig-date=1992 |title=Trump: The Greatest Show On Earth: The Deals, the Downfall, the Reinvention |publisher=[[Regan Arts]] |isbn=978-1-68245-079-6}} * {{cite book |title=[[The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire]] |last=Blair |first=Gwenda |author-link=Gwenda Blair |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2015 |orig-year=2001 |isbn=978-1-5011-3936-9}} * {{cite book |last1=Buettner |first1=Russ |author-link1=Russ Buettner |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |author-link2=Susanne Craig |title=[[Lucky Loser (book)|Lucky Loser: How Donald Trump Squandered His Father's Fortune And Created The Illusion of Success]] |publisher=[[Penguin Press]] |date=2024 |isbn=978-0-593-29864-0}} * {{cite book |title=Never enough : Donald Trump and the pursuit of success |last=D'Antonio |first=Michael |author-link=Michael D'Antonio |date=2015 |publisher=Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-1-250-04238-5}} * {{cite book |title=[[Confidence Man: The Making of Donald Trump and the Breaking of America]] |last=Haberman |first=Maggie |author-link=Maggie Haberman |date=2022 |publisher=Penguin Press |isbn=978-0-593-29734-6}} * {{cite book |last=Harvey |first=Michael |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003110361-1/introduction-michael-harvey |title=Donald Trump in Historical Perspective |date=2022 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-11036-1 |editor-last=Harvey |editor-first=Michael |chapter=Introduction: History's Rhymes |doi=10.4324/9781003110361-1}} * {{cite book |last=Hurt III |first=Harry |author-link=Harry Hurt III |year=1993 |title=Lost Tycoon |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]. |pages=447 |isbn=0-393-03029-6}} * {{cite book |last=Johnston |first=David Cay |author-link=David Cay Johnston |year=2016 |title=[[The Making of Donald Trump]] |publisher=[[Melville House Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-61219-658-9}} * {{cite book |last=Johnston |first=David Cay |author-link=David Cay Johnston |date=2021 |title=The Big Cheat: How Donald Trump Fleeced America And Enriched Himself And His Family |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-1-9821-7804-8}} * {{cite book |last1=Kakutani |first1=Michiko |title=The Death of Truth: Notes on Falsehood in the Age of Trump |date=2018 |publisher=[[Crown/Archetype]] |isbn=978-0-525-57484-2 |chapter=The Firehose of Falsehood: Propaganda and Fake News |author-link=Michiko Kakutani |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vlw_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT94}} * {{cite book |last=Klein |first=Naomi |author-link=Naomi Klein |date=2017 |title=[[No Is Not Enough]] |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0-14-198679-1}} * {{cite book |title=Trump Revealed: The Definitive Biography of the 45th President |last1=Kranish |first1=Michael |author-link1=Michael Kranish |last2=Fisher |first2=Marc |author-link2=Marc Fisher |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2017 |orig-year=2016 |isbn=978-1-5011-5652-6 |title-link=Trump Revealed}} * {{cite book |first=Jon |last=Meacham |author-link=Jon Meacham |title=[[Destiny and Power: The American Odyssey of George Herbert Walker Bush]] |date=2016 |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=978-0-8129-7947-3}} * {{cite book |title=TrumpNation: The Art of Being The Donald |year=2005a |author-link=Timothy L. O'Brien |last=O'Brien |first=Timothy L. |publisher=[[Grand Central Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-446-69617-3}} * {{cite book |title=Trumped! |last1=O'Donnell |first1=John R. |last2=Rutherford |first2=James |publisher=Crossroad Press Trade Edition |year=1991 |isbn=978-1-946025-26-5 |title-link=Trumped! (book)}} {{refend}}<!-- Resolve 5 harv no-citation script warnings in the cite bundle in #Racial_views -->{{cite whitelink|CITEREFLopez2019|CITEREFDesjardins2018|CITEREFDawsey2018|CITEREFStoddardMfula2018|CITEREFWeaver2018b}}{{sfn whitelist|CITEREFKranishFisher2017|CITEREFBlair2015|CITEREFO'DonnellRutherford1991}} ====Mapepala==== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal |last1=Adams |first1=Kenneth Alan |date=Spring 2021 |title=The Trump Death Cult |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/c5d4601ebe8dcb232f9ab2965e900d70/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=35407 |journal=[[Journal of Psychohistory]] |volume=48 |issue=4 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=256–276 |issn=0145-3378}} * {{cite journal |last1=Diamond |first1=Michael J. |date=February 22, 2023 |title=Perverted Containment: Trumpism, Cult Creation, and the Rise of Destructive American Populism |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |journal=Psychoanalytic Inquiry |volume=43 |issue=2 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=96–109 |issn=0735-1690 |doi=10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241106102947/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07351690.2023.2163147 |archive-date=November 6, 2024 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |first1=Douglas |last1=Almond |first2=Xinming |last2=Du |journal=[[Economics Letters]] |title=Later bedtimes predict President Trump's performance |volume=197 |doi=10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109590 |date=December 2020 |article-number=109590 |pmid=33012904 |pmc=7518119 |issn=0165-1765}} * {{cite journal |last=Berman |first=Sheri |author-link=Sheri Berman |date=May 2021 |title=The Causes of Populism in the West |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=24 |issue= |pages=71–88 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102503 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Campani |first1=Giovanna |last2=Concepción |first2=Sunamis Fabelo |last3=Soler |first3=Angel Rodriguez |last4=Savín |first4=Claudia Sánchez |date=November 2, 2022 |title=The Rise of Donald Trump Right-Wing Populism in the United States: Middle American Radicalism and Anti-Immigration Discourse |journal=Societies |volume=12 |issue=6 |page=154 |doi=10.3390/soc12060154 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Castañeda |first1=Ernesto |last2=Jenks |first2=Daniel |date=April 17, 2023 |title=January 6th and De-Democratization in the United States |editor-last1=Costa |editor-first1=Bruno Ferreira |editor-last2=Parton |editor-first2=Nigel |journal=Social Sciences |publisher=[[MDPI]] |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=238–253 |doi=10.3390/socsci12040238 |doi-access=free |issn=2076-0760}} * {{cite journal |year=2018 |doi=10.1080/01463373.2018.1438485 |title=Make America Great Again: Donald Trump and Redefining the U.S. Role in the World |journal=[[Communication Quarterly]] |volume=66 |issue=2<!-- |pages=176–195 --> |page=176 |first=Jason A. |last=Edwards}} * {{cite journal |last1=Gaufman |first1=Elizaveta |last2=Ganesh |first2=Bharath |title=The Trump Carnival: Populism, Transgression and the Far Right Bias - Chapter 6: Laughing Culture |journal=De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences |volume=35 |date=2024 |pages=69–70 |doi=10.1515/9783111238135-006 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Benajmin E. |last2=Moen |first2=Lars J. K. |date=May 14, 2024 |title=The personality of a personality cult? Personality characteristics of Donald Trump's most loyal supporters |journal=[[Political Psychology]] |volume=46 |issue=Special Issue |pages=225–243 |issn=0162-895X |doi=10.1111/pops.12991 |doi-access=free|hdl=1885/733752725 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Johnson |first=Kevin R. |author-link=Kevin Johnson (lawyer) |title=Immigration and civil rights in the Trump administration: Law and policy making by executive order |journal=[[Santa Clara Law Review]] |year=2017a |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=611–665 |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/saclr57&div=21&id=&page=}} * {{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Kevin R. |author-link1=Kevin Johnson (lawyer) |last2=Cuison-Villazor |first2=Rose |title=The Trump Administration and the War on Immigration Diversity |journal=[[Wake Forest Law Review]] |date=May 2, 2019 |url=https://www.wakeforestlawreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/w10_VillazorJohnson.pdf |pages=575–616 |volume=54 |issue=2}} * {{cite journal |last1=Kaufman |first1=Robert R. |last2=Haggard |first2=Stephan |author-link2=Stephan Haggard |title=Democratic Decline in the United States: What Can We Learn from Middle-Income Backsliding? |journal=[[Perspectives on Politics]] |date=2019 |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=417–432 |doi=10.1017/S1537592718003377 |s2cid=149457724 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Lajevardi |first1=Nazita |last2=Oskooii |first2=Kassra A. R. |year=2018 |title=Old-Fashioned Racism, Contemporary Islamophobia, and the Isolation of Muslim Americans in the Age of Trump |journal=Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=112–152 |doi=10.1017/rep.2017.37}} * {{cite journal |last=McGurk |first=Brett |author-link=Brett McGurk |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/iran/2020-01-22/cost-incoherent-foreign-policy |title=The Cost of an Incoherent Foreign Policy: Trump's Iran Imbroglio Undermines U.S. Priorities Everywhere Else |journal=[[Foreign Affairs]] |date=January 22, 2020}} * {{cite journal |last1=Nacos |first1=Brigitte L. |author-link1=Brigitte L. Nacos |last2=Shapiro |first2=Robert Y. |author-link2=Robert Y. Shapiro |last3=Bloch-Elkon |first3=Yaeli |date=2020 |title=Donald Trump: Aggressive Rhetoric and Political Violence |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26940036 |journal=[[Perspectives on Terrorism]] |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=2–25 |issn=2334-3745 |jstor=26940036 |access-date=January 20, 2025}} * {{cite journal |last=O'Brien |first=Shannon |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-50551-6_3 |title=Donald Trump and the Kayfabe Presidency - Wrestling with the Presidency: How Donald Trump Uses Wrestling and Theatrical Tactics in the Public Sphere |journal=Rhetoric, Politics and Society |date=July 22, 2020 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-50551-6_3 |pages=39–58 |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |last1=Parker |first1=Christopher Sebastian |last2=Towler |first2=Christopher C. |date=May 2019 |title=Race and Authoritarianism in American Politics |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=22 |issue= |pages=503–519 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-064519 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Perry |first1=Samuel L. |author-link1=Samuel L. Perry |last2=Whitehead |first2=Andrew L. |last3=Grubbs |first3=Joshua B. |date=April 21, 2021 |title=The Devil That You Know: Christian Nationalism and Intent to Change One's Voting Behavior For or Against Trump in 2020 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S175504832100002X/type/journal_article |journal=Politics and Religion |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=229–246 |doi=10.1017/S175504832100002X |hdl=11244/334967 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Piazza |first1=James |last2=Van Doren |first2=Natalia |date=October 8, 2022 |title=It's About Hate: Approval of Donald Trump, Racism, Xenophobia and Support for Political Violence |journal=[[American Politics Research]] |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=299–314 |issn=1532-673X |doi=10.1177/1532673X221131561 |pmid=40787175 |pmc=12333664}} * {{cite journal |last1=Pion-Berlin |first1=David |author-link1=David Pion-Berlin |last2=Bruneau |first2=Thomas |last3=Goetze |first3=Richard B. Jr. |date=April 7, 2022 |title=The Trump self-coup attempt: comparisons and civil–military relations |journal=[[Government and Opposition]] |volume=FirstView |issue=4 |pages=789–806 |doi=10.1017/gov.2022.13 |s2cid=248033246 |doi-access=free|hdl=10945/72654 |hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Reyes |first1=Antonio |date=May 4, 2020 |title=I, Trump The cult of personality, anti-intellectualism and the Post-Truth era |url=https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |journal=Journal of Language and Politics |volume=19 |issue=6 |access-date=February 22, 2026 |pages=869–892 |issn=1569-2159 |doi=10.1075/jlp.20002.rey |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |last1=Rothe |first1=Dawn L. |last2=Collins |first2=Victoria E. |date=November 17, 2019 |title=Turning Back the Clock? Violence against Women and the Trump Administration |journal=Victims & Offenders |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=965–978 |doi=10.1080/15564886.2019.1671284}} * {{cite journal |last=Ross |first=Bertrall L. |date=July 1, 2024 |title=Polarization, Populism, and the Crisis of American Democracy |journal=[[Annual Review of Law and Social Science]] |volume=20 |pages=293–308 |doi=10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-041922-035113 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Schaffner |first1=Brian F. |author-link1=Brian Schaffner |last2=Macwilliams |first2=Matthew |last3=Nteta |first3=Tatishe |date=March 2018 |title=Understanding White Polarization in the 2016 Vote for President: The Sobering Role of Racism and Sexism |journal=[[Political Science Quarterly]] |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=9–34 |doi=10.1002/polq.12737 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Stephens-Dougan |first=LaFluer |date=May 2021 |title=The Persistence of Racial Cues and Appeals in American Elections |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=24 |issue= |pages=301–320 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-082619-015522 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last1=Sundahl |first1=Anne-Mette Holmgård |title=Personality Cult or a Mere Matter of Popularity? |journal=[[International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society]] |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=May 4, 2022 |pages=431–458 |doi=10.1007/s10767-022-09423-0 |pmid=35528318 |pmc=9066393}} * {{cite journal |last=Urbinati |first=Nadia |author-link=Nadia Urbinati |date=May 2019 |title=Political Theory of Populism |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753 |journal=[[Annual Review of Political Science]] |volume=22 |access-date=December 20, 2024 |pages=111–127 |issn=1094-2939 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753 |url-access=subscription}} {{refend}} ==Wonani vinandi== * [[Bibliography of Donald Trump#Credited to Trump|Books credited to Trump]] * [[Bibliography of Donald Trump#About Trump|Books about Trump]] ==Ma webusaiti== {{library resources box|by=yes}} <!-- Please be cautious about adding external links. 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kugwiriska ntchito munkhwala wakuzweteska]] [[Category:Ŵasambiri ŵa Wharton School]] 7sb2ldvtm76ffx550piiu3esfbh243g 10 12933 121111 49668 2026-07-09T05:15:34Z en>Steel1943 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1363280637|1363280637]] by [[Special:Contributions/Steel1943|Steel1943]] ([[User talk:Steel1943|talk]]) apparently should have tested it since it doesn't work 121111 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> hz9saa715ercns6m73a0a1ud2ptzt26 121112 118449 2026-09-04T22:09:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Main]] 118449 wikitext text/x-wiki ''{{Rellink|extraclasses=relarticle mainarticle|{{#ifeq:{{SUBJECTSPACE}}|Category|The main {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE:{{{1}}}}}||article|page}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|s}} for this [[Wikipedia:Categorization|category]] {{#if:{{{2|}}}|are|is}}|Nkhani {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE:{{{1}}}}}||ikulu|page}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|}}:}} [[{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|{{{l1|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]{{#if:{{{2| }}} |{{#if:{{{3|}}}|,&#32;|&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{2}}}|{{{l2|{{{2}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{3|}}} |{{#if:{{{4|}}}|,&#32;|,&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{3}}}|{{{l3|{{{3}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{4|}}} |{{#if:{{{5|}}}|,&#32;|,&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{4}}}|{{{l4|{{{4}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{5|}}} |{{#if:{{{6|}}}|,&#32;|,&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{5}}}|{{{l5|{{{5}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{6|}}} |{{#if:{{{7|}}}|,&#32;|,&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{6}}}|{{{l6|{{{6}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{7|}}} |{{#if:{{{8|}}}|,&#32;|,&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{7}}}|{{{l7|{{{7}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{8|}}} |{{#if:{{{9|}}}|,&#32;|,&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{8}}}|{{{l8|{{{8}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{9|}}} |{{#if:{{{10|}}}|,&#32;|,&#32;and&#32;}}[[{{{9}}}|{{{l9|{{{9}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{10|}}} |, and [[{{{10}}}|{{{l10|{{{10}}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{11| }}}|&#32; (too many parameters in &#123;&#123;[[Template:main|main]]&#125;&#125;)}}}}''<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 8kozijr3z0o6tc6utmem0bo8269woit 828 12956 121085 33400 2025-01-24T14:37:18Z en>Ahecht 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1271146156|1271146156]] by [[Special:Contributions/Ahecht|Ahecht]] ([[User talk:Ahecht|talk]]) Retry consolidation 121085 Scribunto text/plain -- This module implements {{Navbox with collapsible groups}} local Navbox = require('Module:Navbox') return { _navbox = function (frame) return Navbox._withCollapsibleGroups(frame) end, navbox = function (frame) return Navbox['with collapsible groups'](frame) end } ng0la1ph7wj8dsi20vxiv6krwhshvkh 121086 121085 2026-09-04T22:07:44Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups]] 121085 Scribunto text/plain -- This module implements {{Navbox with collapsible groups}} local Navbox = require('Module:Navbox') return { _navbox = function (frame) return Navbox._withCollapsibleGroups(frame) end, navbox = function (frame) return Navbox['with collapsible groups'](frame) end } ng0la1ph7wj8dsi20vxiv6krwhshvkh 10 13065 121575 33622 2024-01-15T01:45:41Z en>Paine Ellsworth 0 add [[WP:RCAT|rcat template]]s 121575 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Fraction]] {{Rcat shell| {{R from move}} {{R from modification}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} dt0sj3lzplqm9ilcdyd6ek3677nyuaz 121576 121575 2026-09-04T22:21:32Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Frac]] 121575 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Fraction]] {{Rcat shell| {{R from move}} {{R from modification}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} dt0sj3lzplqm9ilcdyd6ek3677nyuaz 10 13066 121577 33624 2024-01-16T00:53:18Z en>Jonesey95 0 readability per TPER 121577 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" /><!-- --><span class="frac"><!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}<!-- if 3 -->|{{{1}}}<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">{{{2}}}</span>&frasl;<span class="den">{{{3}}}</span><!-- then 1 2/3 -->|{{#if:{{{2|}}}<!-- elseif 2 -->|<span class="num">{{{1}}}</span>&frasl;<span class="den">{{{2}}}</span><!-- then 1/2 -->|{{#if:{{{1|}}}<!-- elseif 1 -->|<span class="num">1</span>&frasl;<span class="den">{{{1}}}</span><!-- then 1/1 -->|&frasl;<!-- else 0, a slash -->}}<!-- endif 1 -->}}<!-- endif 2 -->}}<!-- endif 3 --></span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> h4nu18eu2nc7i9vqxdo45igrlkvppw3 121578 121577 2026-09-04T22:21:33Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Fraction]] 121577 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" /><!-- --><span class="frac"><!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}<!-- if 3 -->|{{{1}}}<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">{{{2}}}</span>&frasl;<span class="den">{{{3}}}</span><!-- then 1 2/3 -->|{{#if:{{{2|}}}<!-- elseif 2 -->|<span class="num">{{{1}}}</span>&frasl;<span class="den">{{{2}}}</span><!-- then 1/2 -->|{{#if:{{{1|}}}<!-- elseif 1 -->|<span class="num">1</span>&frasl;<span class="den">{{{1}}}</span><!-- then 1/1 -->|&frasl;<!-- else 0, a slash -->}}<!-- endif 1 -->}}<!-- endif 2 -->}}<!-- endif 3 --></span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> h4nu18eu2nc7i9vqxdo45igrlkvppw3 10 13382 121263 117069 2026-08-20T18:14:41Z en>Wbm1058 0 notify protected page of requested move 121263 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Requested move notice|1=Template:Abbreviation|2=Template talk:Abbr#Requested move 20 August 2026}} </noinclude><abbr {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}} title="{{#tag:nowiki|{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{2|}}}|"|&quot;}}}}">{{{1|}}}</abbr><noinclude>{{Documentation}} </noinclude> ihl3vw67bee64tyrlx4jyqgpbp82rw2 121264 121263 2026-09-04T22:16:30Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Abbr]] 121263 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Requested move notice|1=Template:Abbreviation|2=Template talk:Abbr#Requested move 20 August 2026}} </noinclude><abbr {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} 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{{documentation}} </noinclude> 343yzr03qo8bw7sfchk7965now33h1i 10 13459 121119 113287 2026-08-06T03:52:56Z en>Paine Ellsworth 0 per edit request on talk page - add unnamed parameter as an alias to the reason= parameter 121119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Fix-span |link=Wikipedia:Please clarify |text=clarification needed |title={{delink|{{{reason|{{{1|The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon.}}}}}}}} |date={{{date|}}} |pre-text={{{pre-text|}}} |post-text={{{post-text|}}} |cat-date=Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification |content={{{text|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> h752ul4rgcry3t3r5dhowyi87e2i871 121120 121119 2026-09-04T22:09:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Clarify]] 121119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Fix-span |link=Wikipedia:Please clarify |text=clarification needed |title={{delink|{{{reason|{{{1|The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon.}}}}}}}} |date={{{date|}}} |pre-text={{{pre-text|}}} |post-text={{{post-text|}}} |cat-date=Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification |content={{{text|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> h752ul4rgcry3t3r5dhowyi87e2i871 0 13515 121651 118838 2026-09-05T06:08:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Tawuni -> msumba 121651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Central Africa}} {{distinguish|text=the neighbouring [[Republic of the Congo]]; for similarly named entities, see [[Republic of the Congo (disambiguation)]]}} {{redirect|DRC|other uses}} {{pp-move-indef}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Charu cha Congo | native_name = {{resize|100%|{{native name|fr|République démocratique du Congo}}}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{native name|ktu|Repubilika ya Kôngo ya Dimokalasi}}}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{native name|ln|Republíki ya Kongó Demokratíki}}}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{native name|sw|Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{native name|lua|Ditunga dia Kongu wa Mungalaata}}}} | image_flag = Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg | flag_type = [[Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Flag]] | image_coat = Coat of Arms Democratic Republic of Congo.png | coa_size = 90 | symbol_type = [[Emblem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Coat of arms]] | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Justice&nbsp;– Paix&nbsp;– Travail"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br />"Justice&nbsp;– Peace&nbsp;– Work" | national_anthem = {{native name|fr|[[Debout Congolais]]|nolink=on}}<br />"Arise, Congolese"<div style="padding-top:0.5em;">{{center|[[File:National anthem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.ogg]]}}</div> | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Democratic Republic of the Congo (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Democratic Republic of the Congo AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | capital = [[Kinshasa]] | coordinates = {{Coord|4|19|S|15|19|E|type:city}} | largest_city = Kinshasa | official_languages = [[French language|French]] | national_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[Kituba language|Kikongo ya leta]]{{efn|The term "Kikongo" in the Constitution is actually referring to the Kituba language – which is known as ''Kikongo ya leta'' by its speakers – not the [[Kongo language]] proper. The confusion arises from the fact that the government of the DRC officially recognizes and refers to the language as "Kikongo".}}|[[Lingala language|Lingala]]|[[Swahili language|Swahili]]|[[Luba-Kasai language|Tshiluba]]}} | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |95.4% [[Christianity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Christianity]] |2.6% [[African Traditional Religion|Traditional faiths]] |1.5% [[Islam in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Islam]] |0.5% [[Religion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Others]] / [[Irreligion|None]] }} | religion_year = 2021 | religion_ref = <ref name="United States Department of State 2022">{{cite web | title=Democratic Republic of the Congo | website=United States Department of State | date=2022-06-02 | url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-report-on-international-religious-freedom/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/ | access-date=2023-03-23}}</ref> | demonym = <span class="nowikilink">Congolese</span> | government_type = [[Unitary system|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Félix Tshisekedi]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Sama Lukonde]] | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | leader_title5 = | leader_name5 = | legislature = [[Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Senate (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|Senate]] | lower_house = [[National Assembly (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[International Association of the Congo|Colonised]] | established_date1 = 17 November 1879 | established_event2 = [[Congo Free State]] | established_date2 = 1 July 1885 | established_event3 = [[Belgian Congo]] | established_date3 = 15 November 1908 | established_event4 = [[Congo Crisis|Independence]] from [[Belgium]] | established_date4 = 30 June 1960<ref name="cia.gov">{{cite web |author=Central Intelligence Agency |title=Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |location=Langley, Virginia |year=2014 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/congo-democratic-republic-of-the/ |access-date=29 April 2014 |archive-date=22 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222023329/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/congo-democratic-republic-of-the/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | established_event5 = [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 142|Admitted to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = 20 September 1960 | established_event6 = Named Democratic Republic of the Congo | established_date6 = 1 August 1964 | established_event7 = [[Zaire|Republic of Zaire]] | established_date7 = 27 October 1971 | established_event8 = [[First Congo War]] | established_date8 = 17 May 1997 | established_event9 = [[Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Current constitution]] | established_date9 = 18 February 2006 | area_km2 = 2,345,409 | area_rank = 11th | area_sq_mi = 905,355 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 3.32 | population_estimate = {{IncreaseNeutral}}111,859,928<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Congo Democratic Republic of the|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2023 | population_estimate_rank = 14th | population_density_km2 = 46.3 | population_density_sq_mi = 104 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP = {{Increase}} $128 billion<ref name="imf2">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October/weo-report?c=636,&s=NGDP_RPCH,NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2024&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022|date=October 2022|website=IMF.org|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|access-date= December 14, 2022}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 90th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{Increase}} $1,327<ref name=imf2/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 188th | GDP_nominal = {{Increase}} $64 billion<ref name=imf2/> | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 86th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $660<ref name=imf2/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 190th | Gini = 42.1 | Gini_year = 2012 | Gini_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref name=gini>{{cite web|title=GINI index coefficient|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison|publisher=CIA Factbook|access-date=16 July 2021|archive-date=7 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707032440/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison|url-status=live}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.479 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2021<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 179th | currency = [[Congolese franc]] | currency_code = CDF | time_zone = [[West Africa Time|WAT]] and [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = {{nowrap|+1 to +2}} | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+243]] | iso3166code = CD | cctld = [[.cd]] | today = }} '''Charu cha Congo''', panji pa ''Chingelezi'', '''Democratic Republic of the Congo''' ('''DRC'''), panji kuti '''Congo-Kinshasa''' panji kuti '''Zaire''', ni charu icho chili ku [[Central Africa]]. Kuyana na caru, DRC ni caru caciŵiri pa vyaru vikuruvikuru mu [[Africa]], na ca 11 pa vyaru vikuruvikuru pa caru cose. Mu charu ichi muli ŵanthu pafupifupi 112 miliyoni. Msumba ukuru wa charu ichi ni Kinshasa. Charu ichi chili na mphaka na [[Republic of Congo]], [[Central African Republic]], [[South Sudan]], [[Uganda]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Tanzania]] (kujumpha [[Nyanja ya Tanganyika]]), [[Zambia]], [[Angola]], the Cabinda enclave of Angola na [[South Atlantic Ocean]]. Charu cha DRC, icho chili mu chigaŵa cha Congo Basin, ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga mwenemumo vyaka 90,000 ivyo vyajumpha.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Van Reybrouck|first=David|title=Congo : the epic history of a people|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2015|isbn=9780062200129|location=New York, NY|pages=Chapter 1 and 2}}</ref>Kumanjiliro gha dazi, Ufumu wa Kongo ukalamuliranga chigaŵa cha mumphepete mwa mlonga wa Congo kwambira m'ma 1400 m'paka m'ma 1800. Ku chigaŵa cha kumpoto na kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi, maufumu gha Azande, Luba, na Lunda ghakalamulira kwambira mu ma 1500 m'paka mu 1900. Themba Leopold II la ku Belgium likapoka wanangwa wa kukhala mu caru ca Congo mu 1885 ndipo likati caru ici nchake, ndipo likati ni Congo Free State. Kwambira mu 1885 m'paka 1908, ŵasilikari ŵake ŵakachichizga ŵanthu kuti ŵagwirenge ntchito ya kupanga mphira. Mu 1908, Leopold wakaleka malo agha, ndipo ghakazgoka koloni la Belgium. Pa Juni 30, 1960, charu cha Congo chikapoka wanangwa kufuma ku Belgium, ndipo nyengo yeneyiyo chikaŵa na magulu ghakupambanapambana gha ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kujipatura. Mu 1971, Mobutu wakasintha zina la charu ichi kuŵa Zaire ndipo wakaŵika muwuso wankhongono m'paka apo wakawuskikira mu 1997.<ref name="cia.gov" /> Kufuma apo, zina la charu ichi likasinthikaso, ndipo kufuma mu 1998 m'paka mu 2003, pakaŵa Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo.<ref name="IRC2007fullreport"> {{cite report|url=http://www.rescue.org/sites/default/files/resource-file/2006-7_congoMortalitySurvey.pdf|title=Mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo: An ongoing crisis: Full 26-page report|page=26|author=Coghlan, Benjamin|access-date=21 March 2013|year=2007|display-authors=etal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908204131/http://www.rescue.org/sites/default/files/resource-file/2006-7_congoMortalitySurvey.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2013|url-status=live}} </ref><ref name="The deadliest war in the world"> {{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1198921,00.html|title=The deadliest war in the world|last=Robinson|first=Simon|date=28 May 2006|magazine=Time|access-date=2 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911082009/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1198921,00.html|archive-date=11 September 2013|url-status=live}} </ref><ref> {{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-democratic-death-idUSL2280201220080122|title=Congo War driven crisis kills 45,000 a month|last=Bavier|first=Joe|date=22 January 2008|work=Reuters|access-date=2 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414093820/http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/01/22/us-congo-democratic-death-idUSL2280201220080122|archive-date=14 April 2011|url-status=live}} </ref><ref name="IRC2007Facts"> {{cite web|url=http://www.rescue.org/sites/default/files/resource-file/IRC_DRCMortalityFacts.pdf|title=Measuring Mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo|year=2007|publisher=[[International Rescue Committee]]|access-date=2 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811153815/http://www.rescue.org/sites/default/files/resource-file/IRC_DRCMortalityFacts.pdf|archive-date=11 August 2011|url-status=live}} </ref> Nkhondo iyi yikamara mu nyengo ya Joseph Kabila uyo wakawusa charu ichi kufuma mu 2001 mpaka mu 2019, apo wanangwa wa ŵanthu mu chalo ichi ukaŵa wambura kuzirwa ndipo wakachitanga viheni vinandi nga nkhukomeka, kutambuzgika, kujalirika mu jele mwakutalulira na kukanizga wanangwa wa ŵanthu.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/blog-feed/democratic-republic-congo-crisis|title=Democratic Republic of Congo in Crisis &#124; Human Rights Watch|access-date=18 May 2021|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513223749/https://www.hrw.org/blog-feed/democratic-republic-congo-crisis|url-status=live}}</ref> Pamanyuma pa mavoti gha 2018 mu charu ichi, Kabila wakasankhika na Félix Tshisekedi.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mwanamilongo |first1=Saleh |last2=Anna |first2=Cara |date=24 January 2019 |title=Congo's surprise new leader in 1st peaceful power transfer |website=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/2d0729b681354355a2b2903c93c59a2f |access-date=29 May 2021 |url-status=live |archive-date=18 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518102037/https://apnews.com/article/2d0729b681354355a2b2903c93c59a2f}}</ref> Kufuma mu 2015, kumafumiro gha dazi kwa DR Congo ndiko kuli nkhondo ya ŵasilikari mu Kivu. Charu cha Democratic Republic of the Congo chili na vinthu vinandi chomene vyakuthupi, kweni chili na masuzgo gha ndyali, kusowa kwa vinthu vyakukhumbikwa, vimbundi, kweniso vyaka vinandi vya malonda na vyakukolerana.<ref name=":9"> BBC. (9 October 2013). "DR Congo: Cursed by its natural wealth". [https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-24396390 BBC News website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180531054859/http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-24396390|date=31 May 2018}} Retrieved 9 December 2017. </ref> Besides the capital Kinshasa, the two next largest cities, [[Lubumbashi]] and [[Mbuji-Mayi]], are both mining communities. The DRC's largest export is raw minerals, with China accepting over 50% of its exports in 2019.<ref name="cia.gov" /> Mu chaka cha 2021, charu cha DR Congo chikaŵa pa malo 179 pa vyaru 191. Kuzakafika mu 2018, ŵanthu pafupifupi 600,000 ŵa ku Congo ŵakaŵa kuti ŵachali kukhala mu vyaru vyapafupi. Ŵana mamiliyoni ghaŵiri ŵakufwa na njara, ndipo ŵanthu mamiliyoni 4.5 ŵali kufumamo mu vikaya vyawo cifukwa ca nkhondo. Charu ichi chili mu wupu wa United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, African Union, COMESA, Southern African Development Community, Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, na Economic Community of Central African States. ==Kwiza kwa zina== {{further|Congo River|Kongo people}} Zina la charu ichi lili kufuma ku zina la Mlonga wa Congo, uwo ukujumpha mu charu ichi. Mlonga wa Congo ni mlonga wakunyang'amira comene pa caru cose ndiposo wacitatu pa mtunda. Komiti yakuwona vya ku Upper Congo (Comité d'études du haut Congo), iyo yikambiska na Themba Leopold II la ku Belgium mu 1876, kweniso wupu wa International Association of the Congo, uwo wakambiska mu 1879. Awo ŵakendeskanga ngalaŵa ku Europe ŵakathya Mlonga wa Congo zina la Ufumu wa Kongo na ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu ichi. Lizgu lakuti Kongo lili kufuma ku chiyowoyero cha Kongo (icho chikuchemekaso Kikongo). Samuel Henry Nelson, mulembi wa ku America, wakati: "Panji lizgu lakuti 'Kongo' likung'anamura kuwungana pa wumba ndipo lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti konga, 'kuwungana' (transitive)". Zina la mazuŵa ghano la ŵanthu ŵa ku Kongo lakuti Bakongo, likamba kumanyikwa kukwambilira kwa m'ma 1900. Boma la Democratic Republic of the Congo likamanyikwanga na mazina agha: Congo Free State, Belgian Congo, Republic of the Congo-Léopoldville, Democratic Republic of the Congo na Republic of Zaire, pambere lindasinthe zina lakuti Democratic Republic of the Congo. Pa nyengo iyo charu ichi chikapokera wanangwa wake, chikachemekanga kuti Republic of the Congo-Léopoldville kuti chiŵe chakupambana na charu chinyake cha ku Congo-Brazzaville. Pa 1 Ogasiti 1964, charu ichi chikazgoka DRC, kweni pa 27 Okutobala 1971 President Mobutu Sese Seko wakachitiska kuti chichemeke Zaire (zina lakale la Congo River). Lizgu lakuti Zaire lili kufuma ku lizgu la Chiphwitikizi ilo lili kufuma ku lizgu la Chikikongo lakuti nzadi ("mlonga").<ref>Forbath, Peter. ''The River Congo'' (1977), p. 19.</ref><ref>Ghislain C. Kabwit, ''Zaïre: the Roots of the Continuing Crisis'', Cambridge University Press, 1979</ref><ref>Jean-Jacques Arthur Malu-Malu, ''Le Congo Kinshasa'', KARTHALA Editions, 2014, {{p.|171}}</ref>Mlonga uwu ukachemekanga Zaire mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500 na 1700. Vikuwoneka kuti mu vyaka vya m'ma 18 C.E., mu Chingelezi ŵakawuchemanga kuti Congo, ndipo mu vyaka vya m'ma 19 C.E., ŵanthu ŵakamba kuzunura za Zaire. Mu 1992, wupu wakuwona vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu ukazomerezga kuti charu ichi chichemeke "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Pamasinda, pulezidenti Laurent-Désiré Kabila wakawezgerapo zina la charu ichi apo wakawuskapo Mobutu mu 1997. Kuti charu ichi chiŵe chakupambana na charu chinyake, nyengo zinyake chikuchemeka Congo (Kinshasa) panji Congo-Kinshasa. Zina lake nyengo zinyake likuzgoreka kuti DR Congo,DRC, the DROC and RDC (mu Cifurenci).<ref name="DRCabb">{{cite web |title=5.1 Democratic Republic of Congo Acronyms and Abbreviations &#124; Digital Logistics Capacity Assessments |url=https://dlca.logcluster.org/51-democratic-republic-congo-acronyms-and-abbreviations}}</ref> ==Mbili== {{Main|History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} === Mbiri Yakwambilira === {{Main|Early Congolese history|Kingdom of Kongo}} Malo agho sono ghakucemeka Democratic Republic of the Congo ghakaŵa na ŵanthu vyaka 90,000 ivyo vyajumpha, nga umo vikulongolereka na ivyo vikachitika mu 1988 apo ŵakabowozga futi ya Semliki ku Katanda.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/behavior/katanda-bone-harpoon-point |title=Katanda Bone Harpoon Point &#124; The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program|publisher=Humanorigins.si.ed|access-date=10 March 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302062128/http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/behavior/katanda-bone-harpoon-point|archive-date=2 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Barbed Bone Points: Tradition and Continuity in Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa |date=1 September 1998|doi=10.1023/A:1021659928822|volume=15|issue=3 |journal=African Archaeological Review|pages=173–98|last1=Yellen|first1=John E.|s2cid=128432105}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵakafika ku Central Africa mu vyaka vya m'ma 1000 B.C.E., ndipo ŵakamba kusamira kumwera. Ŵanthu ŵakamba kuliska viŵeto vyawo mwaluŵiro chomene chifukwa cha kulondezga nthowa za ŵaliska na za ŵanthu ŵa mu nyengo ya Iron Age. Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga kumwera na kumwera ca kumanjiliro gha dazi, ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito vyakupangira vinthu vyakuthupi. Mu nyengo iyi, ŵanthu ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito visulo. Ici cikapangiska kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga kumafumiro gha dazi na kumwera kwa dazi ŵafumemo mu vikaya vyawo. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 900 C.E., ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ŵakamba kuthandazgika chomene, ndipo kufuma apo, maufumu gha Bantu ghakaŵako. ===Congo Free State (1877–1908)=== {{Main|Colonisation of the Congo|Congo Free State}} {{See also|Atrocities in the Congo Free State|Congo Arab war}} [[File:Stanley Founding of Congo Free State 186 View of Leopoldville Station and Port 1884 The Baptist Mission on the summit of Leopold Hill.jpg|thumb|Kuwona Siteshoni ya Leopoldville na Doko mu 1884]] Ŵalongozgi ŵa boma la Belgium ŵakasanda vinthu ivi kufuma mu 1870 m'paka mu 1920. Munthu wakwamba uyo wakendeskanga ni Henry Morton Stanley, uyo wakendeskanga maulendo agha na Themba Leopold II la ku Belgium. Vyaru vya kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Congo vikaŵa na masuzgo ghanandi cifukwa ca kuthereskeka kwa ŵazga, comenecomene na ŵanthu ŵa ku Arabia na Swahili awo ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga. Leopold wakakhumbanga kuti caru ca Congo ciŵe cikaya cake.<ref name="cfskeyes">Keyes, Michael. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120319094604/http://www.threemonkeysonline.com/the-congo-free-state-a-colony-of-gross-excess/2/ ''The Congo Free State&nbsp;– a colony of gross excess''.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319094604/http://www.threemonkeysonline.com/the-congo-free-state-a-colony-of-gross-excess/2/ |date=19 March 2012 }} September 2004.</ref>Mu viphalizgano vyakulondezgapo, Leopold, uyo wakaŵa pulezidenti wa gulu la ku Africa lakucemeka Association Internationale Africaine, wakayowoya kuti wakukhumba kovwira ŵanthu. Themba Leopold likapokera wanangwa wa kukhala mu caru ca Congo pa ungano wa ku Berlin mu 1885 ndipo likapanga caru ici kuŵa cake. Wakacichema kuti Congo Free State. Mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Leopold, ŵakamba kupanga vinthu vyakupambanapambana, nga ni njanji iyo yikendanga kufuma ku mtunda wa mumphepete mwa nyanja kuya ku msumba wa Leopoldville (uno ni Kinshasa). Mu charu cha Free State, ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa ivi ŵakachichizganga ŵanthu kuti ŵapange mphira. Leopold wakasanga ndalama zinandi cifukwa ca kuguliska ganyuzi. Pakukhumba kukanizga ŵanthu kugura mphira, ŵasilikari ŵa boma ŵakacemeka ndipo ŵakamba kudumura viŵaro vya ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha. Mu nyengo ya 1885-1908, ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanandi ŵa ku Congo ŵakafwa cifukwa ca kusuzgika na matenda. Mu vigaŵa vinyake, ŵanthu ŵakakhira comene. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuti matenda gha mu tulo na nthomba vikakoma pafupifupi hafu ya ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga Mlonga wa Congo. Uthenga wakuti ŵanthu ŵakamucitiranga nkhaza ukayamba kuthandazgika. Mu 1904, Roger Casement, uyo wakaŵa kazembe wa Britain ku boma la Boma ku Congo, wakaphalirika na boma la Britain kuti wasande nkhani iyi. Lipoti lake, lakucemeka Casement Report, likakhozga ivyo ŵanthu ŵakayowoya. Nyumba ya Malango ya ku Belgium yikapangiska Leopold II kuti wambe kusanda nkhani iyi. Ivyo vikalembeka vikakolerana na ivyo Casement wakayowoya, wakati ŵanthu ŵa ku Congo "ŵakakhira na hafu" mu nyengo iyi. Ntchakusuzga kumanya unandi wa ŵanthu awo ŵakafwa chifukwa palije ukaboni wakukwana. ===Belgian Congo (1908–1960)=== {{Main|Belgian Congo}} [[File:Bugidi, the mission engineer, and his wife. Bakundi was a Bateke boy, trained by Grenfell.jpg|upright|thumbnail|right|Foto ya banja la Ŵakhristu ŵakutorana mu 1908.]] Mu 1908, Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ku Belgium, nangauli pakwamba ŵakakhumbanga yayi, kweni yikathera chifukwa cha kuyuzgika na ŵamitundu (makamaka ŵa ku United Kingdom) ndipo yikamba kulamulira charu cha Free State. Pa Okutobala 18, 1908, nyumba ya malango ya ku Belgium yikazomerezga kuti charu cha Congo chiŵe mu ufumu wa Belgium. Boma la Belgium ndilo likaŵa na mazaza pa nkhani za maufumu, ndipo likateŵeteranga na wupu wa Colonial Council (Conseil Colonial) uwo ukaŵa ku Brussels. Nyumba ya malango ya ku Belgium yikaŵa na mazaza pa nkhani ya malango gha ku Belgian Congo. Mu 1923, msumba ukuru wa boma ukafumako ku Boma na kuluta ku Léopoldville, mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 300 kumanjiliro gha dazi.<ref name="britannica.com">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Kinshasa – national capital, Democratic Republic of the Congo |encyclopedia=britannica.com |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/318863/Kinshasa/9050/History |access-date=22 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018021639/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/318863/Kinshasa/9050/History |archive-date=18 October 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Congo belge campagne 1918.jpg|upright|thumbnail|left|Ŵasilikari ŵa Force Publique ku Belgian Congo mu 1918. Pa nyengo iyi, ŵasilikari ŵa ku Congo ŵakakwana 19,000, awo ŵakalongozgekanga na ŵasilikari 420 ŵa ku Belgium.]]Kusintha kufuma ku Congo Free State kuya ku Belgian Congo kukaŵa kwakupambana, kweni kukaŵaso kukolerana. Kazembe waumaliro wa boma la Congo Free State, Baron Théophile Wahis, wakalutilira kuwusa mu charu cha Belgian Congo. Kujura caru ca Congo na usambazi wake ku vyaru vya Belgian kukalutilira kuŵa cifukwa cikuru ico cikapangiska kuti caru ici cikure. Ŵalongozgi ŵa vigaŵa ŵakalongozganga chigaŵa ichi, ndipo pakaŵa malango ghaŵiri (makhoti gha ku Europe na makhoti ghanyake gha mu charu ichi). Makhoti gha ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru ivi ghakaŵa na mazaza ghachoko waka ndipo ghakaŵa pasi pa boma. Ŵalara ŵa boma ku Belgium ŵakazomerezga kuti mu Congo muleke kuŵa ndyali, ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa Force Publique ŵakakanizganga ŵanthu kuwukira boma. Charu cha Belgian Congo chikakhwaskika na nkhondo ziŵiri za caru cose. Mu Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose (1914-1918), nkhondo iyo yikacitika pakati pa ŵasilikari ŵa Force Publique na ŵasilikari ŵa German ku German East Africa, yikasintha na kuŵa nkhondo ya pa wumba. Gulu la ŵasilikari la Force Publique likathereska ŵanthu ŵanandi apo likalutanga ku Tabora mu Seputembala 1916 pasi pa muwuso wa Jenerale Charles Tombeur. Pamanyuma pa 1918, caru ca Belgium cikapokera njombe cifukwa ca kunjilira mu nkhondo ya ku East Africa. Mu nyengo ya Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya pa Charu Chose, charu cha Belgian Congo chikapelekanga ndalama zinandi ku boma la Belgium ilo likakhalanga ku London. Ŵasilikari ŵa boma la Belgian Congo ŵakalongozgekanga na ŵasilikari ŵa boma la Belgian ndipo ŵakarwa nkhondo na ŵasilikari ŵa boma la Italy ku Ethiopia mu Asosa, Bortaï na Saïo.<ref name = "WP"> {{cite news|last= McCrummen|first= Stephanie|title= Nearly Forgotten Forces of WWII|agency= Washington Post Foreign Service|date= 4 August 2009|newspaper= The Washington Post|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/08/03/AR2009080302959.html|access-date= 26 August 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171014073325/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/08/03/AR2009080302959.html|archive-date= 14 October 2017|url-status=live|df= dmy-all}} </ref> === Kujiyimira paŵekha na suzgo la ndyali (1960-1965) === {{Main|Congo Crisis|Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)}} [[File:Joseph Kasa-Vubu in Israel.png|thumb|upright|right|Mulongozgi wa ABAKO, Joseph Kasa-Vubu, pulezidenti wakwamba wa Congo-Léopoldville]] [[File:Patrice Lumumba official portrait.jpg|thumb|Patrice Lumumba, nduna yikuru yakwamba ya Congo-Léopoldville, wakakomeka na ŵakugaluka ŵa Katangan awo ŵakakhozgekanga na ŵa Belgian mu 1961.]] Mu Meyi 1960, gulu linyake lakucemeka Mouvement National Congolais, ilo likalongozgekanga na Patrice Lumumba, likathereska ŵanthu ŵanandi. Pa Juni 24, 1960, Lumumba wakaŵa nduna yikuru yakwamba ya Republic of Congo. Nyumba ya malamulo yasankha Joseph Kasa-Vubu kukhala pulezidenti, wa chipani cha Alliance des Bakongo (ABAKO). Maphwando ena omwe adawonekera akuphatikizapo Parti Solidaire Africain motsogozedwa ndi Antoine Gizenga, ndi Parti National du Peuple motsogozedwa ndi Albert Delvaux ndi Laurent Mbariko. Charu cha Belgian Congo chikamba kujiyimira paŵekha pa Juni 30, 1960, ndipo chikachemekanga "République du Congo". Pakuti charu cha Middle Congo (Moyen Congo) icho chikaŵa pafupi na charu cha France, nacho chikasankha zina lakuti "Republic of Congo" apo chikamba kujiyimira paŵekha. Mwaluŵiro Force Publique yikagaluka, ndipo pa Julayi 11 chigaŵa cha Katanga (chakulongozgeka na Moïse Tshombe) na South Kasai ŵakamba kulimbana na ŵalongozgi ŵaphya. Ŵanandi mwa ŵanthu 100,000 ŵa ku Europe awo ŵakakhalako pamanyuma pakuti charu cha Congo chazakaŵa na wanangwa uwu ŵakachimbira mu charu ichi. Pamanyuma pakuti wupu wa United Nations ukakana wovwiri uwo Lumumba wakapempha kuti waparanye gulu lakujipatura, Lumumba wakapempha wovwiri ku Soviet Union, iyo yikapokelera na kutuma wovwiri wa ŵasilikari. Pa Ogasiti 23, ŵasilikari ŵa Congo ŵakanjira mu South Kasai. Lumumba wakafumiskika pa udindo pa 5 September 1960 na Kasa-Vubu uyo wakamususka pakweru chifukwa cha kukoma ŵanthu na ŵasilikari ŵa ku South Kasai kweniso chifukwa cha kunjizga maboma gha Soviet mu chalo ichi. Lumumba wakayowoya kuti ivyo Kasa-Vubu wakacita vikaŵa vyambura kuzomerezgeka na dango, ndipo pakaŵa suzgo pakati pa ŵalongozgi ŵaŵiri aŵa.<ref>''Sécession au Katanga''&nbsp;– [[Jules Gérard-Libois|J.Gérard-Libois]] -Brussels- CRISP</ref> Pa 14 Seputembala, Koloneli Joseph Mobutu, na wovwiri wa United States na Belgium, wakawuskapo Lumumba pa udindo wake. Pa Janyuwale 17, 1961, Lumumba wakapelekeka ku boma la Katangan na kukomeka na ŵasilikari ŵa Katangan awo ŵakalongozgekanga na ŵa Belgian. Mu 2001, Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ku Belgium yikachita kafukufuku ndipo yikasanga kuti charu cha Belgium "chikwenera kuŵa na mulandu" wa kukoma Lumumba. Pa Seputembala 18, 1961, apo ŵakadumbiskananga vya kuleka kuwombera, ndege yikawa pafupi na Ndola ndipo Dag Hammarskjöld, mulembi mukuru wa wupu wa United Nations, wakafwa pamoza na ŵanthu wose 15. Pakati pa suzgo yikuru, boma la kanyengo kachoko likalongozgekanga na ŵantchito (Colège des commissaires généraux). Kulekana kwa Katangan kukamara mu Janyuwale 1963 na wovwiri wa ŵasilikari ŵa UN. Maboma ghanandi gha Joseph Ileo, Cyrille Adoula, na Moise Kapenda Tshombe ghakaŵa gha nyengo yicoko waka. Pa nyengo yeneyira, ku mafumiro gha dazi kwa caru ici, ŵakugaluka awo ŵakakhozgekanga na boma la Soviet na la Cuba, awo ŵakacemekanga kuti Simbas, ŵakamba kuwukira boma la Congo, ndipo ŵakapharazga kuti ku Stanleyville kuli "Republic of the Congo". Mbumba ya Simba yikacimbizgika mu Stanleyville mu Novembala 1964 mu nyengo ya "Operation Dragon Rouge". Mu Novembala 1965, ŵasilikari ŵa boma la Congo ŵakathereska ŵakugaluka ŵa Simba. Lumumba wakaŵa kuti wasora Mobutu kuŵa mulara wa ŵasilikari ŵa gulu liphya la nkhondo la Congo, Armée Nationale Congolaise. Pakugwiliskira nchito uheni uwo ukaŵapo pakati pa Kasavubu na Tshombe, Mobutu wakasanga wovwiri wakukwana mu ŵasilikari kuti wapange boma. Mu 1965, pambere Mobutu wandawuskemo boma, pakaŵa ungano wa ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kusintha malango gha charu. Mu 1971, Mobutu wakasinthaso zina la charu ichi, ndipo pa nyengo iyi wakaŵa "Republic of Zaire".<ref name=britannica>{{cite web|last1=Payanzo|first1=Ntsomo|title=Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo|website=britannica.com|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151009021241/https://www.britannica.com/place/Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo|archive-date=9 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="kisanganibobb">{{Cite book |author1=Emizet Francois Kisangani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FvAWPTaRvFYC&pg=PR51 |title=Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo |author2=Scott F. Bobb |date=2010 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6325-5 |page=i |access-date=29 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311161025/https://books.google.com/books?id=FvAWPTaRvFYC&pg=PR51 |archive-date=11 March 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> === Boma la Mobutu na Zaire (1965-1997) === {{Main|Zaire}} [[File:Mobutu Nixon.jpg|thumb|[[Mobutu Sese Seko]] and Richard Nixon in Washington, D.C., 1973.]] Maboma gha ku United States ghakamovwira comene Mobutu cifukwa cakuti wakasuskanga cikomyunizimu. Pakaŵa chipani chimoza pera, ndipo Mobutu wakajiphara kuti ni mulara wa boma. Nyengo na nyengo wakacitanga maungano agho iyo yekha ndiyo wakaŵa wakunjilirapo. Nangauli pakaŵa mtende na kukhazikika, kweni boma la Mobutu likaŵa na mulandu wa kuswa wanangwa wa ŵanthu, nkhaza za ndyali, kusopa munthu na vimbundi. Kuumaliro wa 1967, Mobutu wakawuskapo ŵalwani ŵake wose, panji kuŵanjizga mu muwuso wake, kuŵakaka, panji kuŵapangiska kuŵa ŵambura nkhongono. Kuumaliro wa m'ma 1960, Mobutu wakalutilira kusinthiska maboma na ŵantchito kuti ŵalutilire kulamulira. Joseph Kasa-Vubu wakati wafwa mu Epulero 1969, pakaŵavya munthu uyo wakaŵa na wanangwa wa kuwusa. Kuuyambiro wa m'ma 1970, Mobutu wakayezga kuti Zaire yiŵe caru cakulongozga mu Africa. Wakendanga kanandi waka mu Africa yose apo boma likayowoyanga chomene vya nkhani za ku Africa, comenecomene izo zikakhwaskanga vigaŵa vya kumwera. Charu cha Zaire chikaŵa paubwezi na vyaru vinyake vya mu Africa, chomenechomene Burundi, Chad, na Togo. Vimbundi vikazara comene mwakuti mazgu ghakuti "le mal Zairois" panji "matenda gha ku Zaire", agho ghakung'anamura vimbundi vikuru, unkhungu, na kuwusa uheni, ghakafuma kwa Mobutu. Wovwiri wa caru cose, comenecomene mu nthowa ya ngongoli, ukasambazga Mobutu apo wakazomerezga kuti vinthu vya mu caru nga ni misewu vileke kwenda makora. Zaire yikazgoka boma la ŵanthu ŵambura mulandu apo Mobutu na ŵabwezi ŵake ŵakayegha ndalama za boma.{{sfn|Young|Turner|2013|p=74}}[[File:Prince Bernhard and Mobutu Sese Seko 1973.jpg|thumb|Mobutu with the Dutch [[Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld|Prince Bernhard]] in Kinshasa in 1973]] Pa 1 Juni 1966, Mobutu wakambiska kampeni yakujiyaniska na ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa, ndipo wakasinthaso mazina gha misumba ya mu charu ichi: Léopoldville wakazgoka Kinshasa (charu ichi chikachemekanga Congo-Kinshasa), Stanleyville wakazgoka Kisangani, Elisabethville wakazgoka Lubumbashi, ndipo Coquilhatville wakazgoka Mbandaka. Mu 1971, Mobutu wakasintha zina la charu ichi kuŵa Republic of Zaire, ndipo aka kakaŵa kacinayi mu vilimika 11 ndipo kakaŵa kacitatu. Mlonga wa Congo ukasinthika zina kuŵa Mlonga wa Zaire.<ref name="kisanganibobb" /> Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980, Mobutu wakacemeka ku United States kanandi waka. Pulezidenti Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan na George H. W. Bush. - Kasi ni njani? Nkhondo ya Cinkhondi na Cinkhondi yikati yamara, ubwezi wa United States na Mobutu ukakhira. Ŵalwani ŵa Zaire ŵakamba kukhumba kuti vinthu visinthe. Ivi vikawovwira kuti mu 1990, Mobutu wapange Repubulika Yachitatu. Vinthu vikasintha chomene. Mobutu wakalutilira kuwusa m'paka apo ŵasilikari ŵakamucicizgira kucimbira mu 1997. Nkhwantha yinyake yikalemba kuti: "Kufuma mu 1990 m'paka mu 1993, boma la United States likawovwira Mobutu kuti wasinthe ndyali, kweniso likawovwira Laurent-Desire Kabila kuti wawukire boma la Mobutu". Mu Seputembala 1997, Mobutu wakafwira ku Morocco.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mobutu dies in exile in Morocco – Sept. 7, 1997 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/07/mobutu.wrap/ |website=edition.cnn.com |access-date=25 January 2022 |archive-date=31 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331204911/http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/07/mobutu.wrap/ |url-status=live }}</ref> === Nkhondo za pa caru cose na za mukati mwa caru (1996-2007) === {{Main|First Congo War|Second Congo War}} [[File:Second Congo War Africa map en.png|thumb|Belligerents of the [[Second Congo War]]]] Kuzakafika mu 1996, pamanyuma pa Nkhondo ya ku Rwanda na kukoma ŵanthu ŵanandi, kweniso apo boma la Ŵatutsi likamba kuwusa mu Rwanda, gulu la ŵasilikari ŵa Ŵahutu (Interahamwe) ŵakachimbilira ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Zaire. Ŵakakolerana na ŵasilikari ŵa Zaire kuti ŵambiske nkhondo na Ŵatutsi ŵa ku Congo. Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Rwanda na Uganda ŵakanjira mu Zaire kuti ŵawuskepo boma la Mobutu. Gulu ili likakolerana na ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakususka boma, awo ŵakalongozgekanga na Laurent-Désiré Kabila, ndipo ŵakazgoka Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo. Mu 1997, Mobutu wakacimbira ndipo Kabila wakanjira mu msumba wa Kinshasa, wakajizgora yekha pulezidenti na kuzgora zina la caru ici kuŵa Democratic Republic of Congo.<ref>{{cite web |title=Capture of Zaire's capital complete – May 18, 1997 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9705/18/zaire/index.html |website=edition.cnn.com |access-date=25 January 2022 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408041331/http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9705/18/zaire/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Zaire Chooses Confusing New Name {{!}} The Spokesman-Review |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1997/may/20/zaire-chooses-confusing-new-name/ |website=www.spokesman.com |access-date=25 January 2022 |archive-date=25 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125131604/https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1997/may/20/zaire-chooses-confusing-new-name/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Kabila wakalomba kuti ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru vinyake ŵawelere ku vyaru vyawo. Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakawelera ku Goma ndipo ŵakambiska gulu liphya la ŵasilikari ŵakuwukira boma la Tutsi lakucemeka Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie kuti ŵarwe na Kabila, apo Uganda yikambiska gulu la ŵasilikari lakucemeka Movement for the Liberation of Congo, ilo likalongozgekanga na Jean-Pierre Bemba. Magulu ghaŵiri agha, pamoza na ŵasilikari ŵa ku Rwanda na Uganda, ŵakambiska Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo mwa kuwukira ŵasilikari ŵa DRC mu 1998. Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Angola, Zimbabwe, na Namibia ŵakanjilirapo pa nkhondo iyi. Kabila wakakomeka mu 2001.<ref>{{cite web |author=Guardian Staff |title=Revealed: how Africa's dictator died at the hands of his boy soldiers |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/feb/11/theobserver |website=the Guardian |language=en |date=11 February 2001 |access-date=25 January 2022 |archive-date=9 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209051620/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/feb/11/theobserver |url-status=live }}</ref> Mwana wake Joseph Kabila ndiyo wakatora malo ghake ndipo wakacema kuti paŵe maungano gha mtende. Ŵalinda ŵa mtende ŵa UN, MONUC, awo sono ni MONUSCO, ŵakafika mu Epulero 2001. Mu 2002-03 Bemba wakachitapo kanthu mu Central African Republic mu zina la pulezidenti wake wakale, Ange-Félix Patassé. Ivyo ŵakadumbiskana vikapangiska kuti paŵe phangano la mtende apo Kabila wakeneranga kugaŵana mazaza na ŵakugaluka. Kuzakafika mu Juni 2003, ŵasilikari wose ŵa vyaru vinyake kupaturako ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakafumamo mu Congo. Boma lakwimira boma ili likimikika m'paka pa nyengo iyo mavoti ghazamusankhikira. Pa 30 Julayi, 2006, boma la DRC likachita chisankho chakwamba. Iyi yikaŵa nyengo yakwamba kufuma mu 1960, apo kukaŵa maungano ghacigaŵa, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakagomezganga kuti ghazamumazga vivulupi mu cigaŵa ici. Ndipouli, mphindano pakati pa Kabila na Bemba yikazgoka nkhondo pakati pa ŵanthu awo ŵakakolerana nawo mu Kinshasa. Ŵasilikari ŵa MONUC ŵakamba kuwusa msumba uwu. Mu Okutobala 2006, pakaŵa mavoti ghaphya, ndipo Kabila ndiyo wakatonda.[[File:Refugees in Congo.jpeg|thumb|Refugees in the Congo]] === Nkhondo izo zikulutilira (2008-2018) === ==== Kivu conflict ==== {{main|Kivu conflict}}[[File:Opening ceremony of new PNC headquarters in Goma (6988913212).jpg|thumb|People fleeing their villages due to fighting between [[Military of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|FARDC]] and rebel groups, [[North Kivu]], 2012]]Laurent Nkunda, chiŵaro cha Rally for Congolese Democracy Goma, munthavi wa Rally for Congolese Democracy uwo uli mu gulu la ŵasilikari, wakapatuka pamoza na ŵasilikari ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo na kupanga National Congress for the Defense of the People (CNDP), iyo yikamba kuwukira boma. Kasi mbanjani awo ŵakaŵagomezga? Ku Rwanda, boma la Rwanda likukhumba kuti boma la Rwanda liŵawovwire kuti ŵarwe na gulu la Ŵahutu la Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR). Mu Malichi 2009, pamanyuma pa phangano pakati pa DRC na Rwanda, ŵasilikari ŵa ku Rwanda ŵakanjira mu DRC na kukora Nkunda ndipo ŵakazomerezgeka kulondezga ŵasilikari ŵa FDLR. CNDP yikalemba phangano la mtende na boma umo yikazomera kuŵa chipani cha ndyali na kuŵika ŵasilikari ŵake mu gulu la ŵasilikari. Mu 2012, Bosco Ntaganda, mulongozgi wa CNDP, na ŵasilikari ŵakugomezgeka kwa iyo, ŵakagaluka na kupanga gulu la ŵasilikari ŵakugaluka la March 23 Movement (M23), ŵakayowoya kuti boma laswa phangano.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201204040870.html |title=Congo-Kinshasa: General Ntaganda and Loyalists Desert Armed Forces |first=Melanie |last=Gouby |date=4 April 2012 |publisher=allafrica.com |access-date=18 November 2012 |archive-date=21 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061859/http://allafrica.com/stories/201204040870.html |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:FARDC and MONUSCO reinforce their presence in and around Goma following a second day (21 May 2013) of clashes between M23 and National troops. (8782972992).jpg|thumb|Government troops near [[Goma]] during the [[M23 rebellion]] in May 2013]] In the resulting [[M23 rebellion]], M23 briefly captured the provincial capital of Goma in November 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20565711|title=Rebels in DR Congo withdraw from Goma|date=1 December 2012|work=BBC News|access-date=10 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121206190239/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20565711|archive-date=6 December 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739|title=Goma: M23 rebels capture DR Congo city|date=20 November 2012|work=BBC News|access-date=18 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120103234/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739|archive-date=20 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> Vyaru vyapafupi, comenecomene Rwanda, vikususkika kuti vikupeleka vilwero ku gulu la ŵakugaluka na kuŵawovwira kuti ŵambe kuwusa caru ici. Mu Malichi 2013, wupu wa United Nations Security Council ukazomerezga kuti ŵasilikari ŵa United Nations Force Intervention Brigade ŵaparanyenge magulu agha. Pa Novembala 5, 2013, gulu la M23 likapharazga kuti ŵasilikari ŵara ŵamara. Kweniso, kumpoto kwa Katanga, Mai-Mai uyo wakapangika na Laurent Kabila wakafumako kwa Kinshasa apo Gédéon Kyungu Mutanga wakapangiska kuti Mai Mai Kata Katanga waparanyike mu msumba wa Lubumbashi mu 2013. Nkhondo ya ku Ituri yikacitika pakati pa gulu la Nationalist and Integrationist Front na Union of Congolese Patriots awo ŵakatenge ŵakwimira mafuko gha Lendu na Hema. Ku kumpoto kwa kumafumiro gha dazi, gulu la Lord's Resistance Army la Joseph Kony likasamuka ku misasa yawo ya ku Uganda na South Sudan kuya ku DR Congo mu 2005 na kuzenga misasa mu Garamba National Park. Nkhondo ya ku Congo yikulongosoreka kuti yikaŵa nkhondo ya ndopa zinandi comene kwambira pa Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose. Pa Disembala 8, 2017, ŵasilikari 14 ŵa UN na ŵasilikari 5 ŵa Congo ŵakakomeka mu kuwukira kwa ŵakugaluka ku Semuliki mu chigaŵa cha Beni. Ŵanthu ŵakaghanaghananga kuti ŵakugaluka aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵasilikari ŵa ŵasilikari ŵa Democratic Forces. Kafukufuku wa UN wakalongora kuti munthu uyu ndiyo wakapangiska ngozi iyi. Mu 2009, nyuzipepara ya The New York Times yikati ŵanthu pafupifupi 45,000 pa mwezi ŵakulutilira kufwa mu charu cha Congo. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufwa na matenda kweniso njara. Malipoti ghakulongora kuti pafupifupi hafu ya ŵanthu awo ŵakufwa mbana ŵa vyaka vinkhondi kukhilira pasi. Kanandi ŵanthu ŵakukoma ŵanthu, kunanga katundu, kusuzgana pa nkhani za kugonana, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuchimbira mu nyumba zawo. Kafukufuku munyake wakulongora kuti chaka chilichose ŵanakazi ŵakujumpha 400,000 ŵakukoleka na mwanalume mu Democratic Republic of Congo. Mu 2018 na 2019, charu cha Congo ndicho chikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene ŵakusuzgika pa nkhani za kugonana. Kuyana na wupu wa Human Rights Watch na wa New York University Congo Research Group, ŵasilikari ŵa ku DRC ŵakoma ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1,900 kufuma mu Juni 2017 m'paka Juni 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/08/15/1900-killed-over-3300-abducted-in-dr-congo-s-eastern-kivu-provinces/ |title=1,900 killed, over 3,300 abducted in DR Congo's eastern Kivu provinces |date=15 August 2019 |access-date=15 August 2019 |publisher=Africa News |archive-date=26 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926055752/https://www.africanews.com/2019/08/15/1900-killed-over-3300-abducted-in-dr-congo-s-eastern-kivu-provinces/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Nyengo ya Kabila mu ofesi na viwoneskero vinandi vyakwimikana na boma ==== Mu 2015, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kususka ivyo Kabila wakachita. Chiphokoso ichi chikamba pamanyuma pakuti nyumba ya mafumu ya ku Congo yazomerezga dango ilo usange lingazomerezgekaso na nyumba ya mafumu ya ku Congo, lingapangiska kuti Kabila walutilire kuŵa na mazaza mpaka apo boma lizamuchitira kalembera wa ŵanthu. Nangauli dango ili likapokelereka, kweni pakaŵavya fundo iyo yikapangiska kuti Kabila wakhalenge pa mazaza m'paka paŵe kalembera. Kulembeka kwa ŵanthu kukwenera kuchitika, kweni kulije kukolerana na nyengo iyo mavoti ghakucitikira. Mu 2015, paumaliro wa 2016, kukaŵa mavoti ndipo mu Congo mukaŵa mtende.<ref name="The DRC">{{cite web|last1=Global|first1=PGW |title=The Democratic Republic of the Congo: Hurdle After Hurdle |url=http://www.pgwglobal.com/democratic-republic-of-congo-hurdle-hurdle/|website=PGW Global Risk Management|publisher=PGW Global Risk Management LLP |access-date=5 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171003225531/http://www.pgwglobal.com/democratic-republic-of-congo-hurdle-hurdle/|archive-date=3 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pa Novembala 27, 2016, nduna ya vyalo ya ku Congo Raymond Tshibanda yikati ku nyuzipepara kuti palije mavoti agho ghachitikenge mu 2016, pamanyuma pa 20 Disembala, umaliro wa nyengo ya pulezidenti Kabila. Pa ungano uwo ukacitikira ku Madagascar, Tshibanda wakati boma la Kabila "likadumbiskana na ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya vya mavoti" kufuma ku Congo, United Nations na kunyake, ndipo "ŵapangana kuti ndondomeko ya kulembeska ŵanthu awo ŵafumenge mu mavoti yimare pa Julayi 31, 2017, ndipo mavoti ghachitike mu Epulero 2018". Ŵanthu ŵakamba kususka ivyo vikachitika pa Disembala 20, apo Kabila wakamalizga kuwusa. Mu vyaru vinandi, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakomeka ndipo ŵanyake ŵakakakika. ==== Nkhaza za mu vigaŵa ==== {{See also|Ituri conflict}} Kuyana na Jan Egeland, uyo pasono ni Secretary General wa Norwegian Refugee Council, vinthu mu DRC vikasuzga comene mu 2016 na 2017 ndipo ni suzgo likuru la ŵanthu na nkharo iyo yikuyana waka na nkhondo za ku Syria na Yemen. Ŵanakazi na ŵana ŵakucitirika nkhaza za kugonana ndiposo "kucitirika nkhaza mu nthowa yiliyose". Padera pa nkhondo ya ku North Kivu, nkhaza zikasazgikira mu chigaŵa cha Kasai. Magulu agha ghakakhumbanga kusanga golide, dayamondi, mafuta, na cobalt kuti ghaŵe na ndalama zinandi mu vigaŵa ivi na vyaru vinyake. Kweniso pakaŵa mphindano za mafuko na mitheto, kweniso visambizgo vya cisopa na suzgo la ndyali. Egeland wakuti ŵanthu ŵakugomezga kuti vinthu mu DRC ni "viheni comene" kweni nadi, vyahenipa comene. "Nkhondo zikuruzikuru za ku Congo izo zikaŵa pa nkhani yikuru comene vyaka 15 ivyo vyajumpha, zikuweleraso ndipo zikuhenipa comene".<ref>Interview on [http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172vr1mdsrswpb BBC Newshour, Feb. 15, 2018] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305123156/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172vr1mdsrswpb |date=5 March 2018 }}. See also BBC [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13283212 DR Congo country profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729052105/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13283212 |date=29 July 2018 }}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuti chifukwa cha nkhondo iyi, ŵana pafupifupi 2 miliyoni ŵakufwa na njara. Wupu wa Human Rights Watch ukati mu 2017, Kabila wakalemba ŵasilikari awo ŵakachitanga nkhondo ya March 23 kuti ŵamazge vivulupi ivyo vikachitikanga mu charu chose chifukwa chakuti wakakana kufumapo pa udindo wake. Iwo ŵakati: "Ŵalwani ŵa M23 ŵakendeskanga misewu ya mu misumba yikuru ya ku Congo, ŵakawomberanga panji kukora ŵanthu awo ŵakasuskanga panji waliyose uyo ŵakamuwonanga kuti ni munthu muheni kwa pulezidenti". Ku Masisi, nkhondo yikuru yikamba pakati pa ŵasilikari ŵa boma na mulongozgi wankhongono wa nkhondo, Jenerale Delta. Gulu la United Nations ku DRC ndilo likuru chomene ndipo ndakudura chomene pa ntchito ya kusungilira mtende, kweni likamalizga ntchito ya kuzenga misasa 5 kufupi na Masisi mu 2017, pamanyuma pakuti boma la United States likakhumbanga kuti ndalama zichepeko. Pa Meyi 10, 2018, Denis Mukwege, uyo ni dokotala wa matenda gha ŵanakazi wa ku Congo, wakapokera chawanangwa cha Nobel cha mtende chifukwa cha kuyezgayezga kwake kumazga nkhaza za kugonana. ==== Nkhondo ya mafuko ya 2018 ==== {{main|2018 Yumbi violence}} Nkhondo ya mafuko yikamba pa 16-17 Disembala 2018 ku Yumbi mu chigaŵa cha Mai-Ndombe. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 900 ŵa mtundu wa Banunu ŵakufuma mu mizi yinayi ŵakakomeka na ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Batende mu mphindano za malipiro gha mwezi uliwose, malo, minda na maji. Ŵanthu 100 ŵa mtundu wa Banun ŵakachimbilira ku cirwa ca Moniende mu Mlonga wa Congo, ndipo ŵanyake 16,000 ŵakaluta ku chigaŵa ca Makotimpoko mu Republic of Congo. Ŵasilikari ŵakagwiliskira nchito nthowa zakuyana na za ŵasilikari, ndipo ŵanyake ŵakavwara yunifomu ya ŵasilikari. Ŵalara ŵa boma na ŵasilikari ŵakakanizgika kuŵawovwira.<ref name="afp1">{{cite news |last1=Huguet |first1=Alexis |title=Fear and trauma haunt Congolese massacre survivors |url=https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/world/fear-and-trauma-haunt-congolese-massacre-survivors/ar-BBTtOV8?ocid=spartanntp |access-date=13 February 2019 |agency=AFP |date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214002927/https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/world/fear-and-trauma-haunt-congolese-massacre-survivors/ar-BBTtOV8?ocid=spartanntp |archive-date=14 February 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2018 na wapampando muphya (2018-mpaka pano) === [[File:Félix Tshisekedi & Denis Sassou-Nguesso.jpg|thumb|Mu 2020, Pulezidenti Félix Tshisekedi pamoza na Pulezidenti wa Republic of the Congo Denis Sassou Nguesso; wose ŵaŵiri ŵakamba kuvwara mask chifukwa cha nthenda ya COVID-19.]] Pa 30 Disembala 2018 pakachitika chisankho chapadera. Pa 10 January 2019, komiti ya vyakusankha yikapharazga kuti Félix Tshisekedi ndiyo wakeneranga kuwina pa mpikisano wa pa mpikisano uwu, ndipo wakajura pa 24 January. Kweni pakaŵa kukayika kuti vyasankha ivi vikaŵa vyautesi kweniso kuti pakaŵa mgonezi pakati pa Félix na Kabila. Ŵalongozgi ŵa boma la Kabila ŵakakhozga chomene mazaza gha boma, kweni ŵakakhozgeranga chomene mazaza ghawo. Mu 2021, boma likapangika kwambura ŵanthu awo ŵakakolerana na Kabila. Kufalikira kukuru kwa mphwari mu caru kukaŵawuskira ŵanthu pafupifupi 5,000 mu 2019. Kufalikira kwa Ebola kukamara mu Juni 2020, uko kukacitiska ŵanthu 2,280 kufwa mu vyaka viŵiri. Kufalikira kwinyake kuchepa kwa Ebola mu Province ya Equateur kukamba mu Juni 2020, ndipo kukapangiska ŵanthu 55 kufwa. Nthenda ya COVID-19 yikakhwaskika ku DRC mu Malichi 2020, ndipo kampeni ya katemera yikamba pa 19 April 2021. Pa 22 Epulero 2021, maungano pakati pa Pulezidenti wa Kenya Uhuru Kenyatta na Tshisekedi ghakatuma ku maungano ghaphya agho ghakawovwira kuti malonda na vyakusunga vyaru (kulwa na vyamsinjiro, ŵaluŵiro, na vyakusungilira vyaru) viŵe vinandi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Combat troops patrol in Kinshasa after failed coup attempt |url=https://www.africanews.com/2022/02/13/combat-troops-patrol-in-kinshasa-after-failed-coup-attempt/ |work=Africanews |date=13 February 2022 |language=en |access-date=4 April 2022 |archive-date=10 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310163536/https://www.africanews.com/2022/02/13/combat-troops-patrol-in-kinshasa-after-failed-coup-attempt// |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Makhalilo gha charu== [[File:Cg-map.png|thumb|The map of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] [[File:Koppen-Geiger Map COD present.svg|thumb|Democratic Republic of the Congo map of Köppen climate classification]] {{Main|Geography of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Geology of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} DRC yili pakati pa Africa, kumpoto kwa Sahara, kumpoto kwa Congo, kumpoto kwa Central African Republic, kumpoto kwa South Sudan, kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Uganda, Rwanda na Burundi, na Tanzania (kujumpha Nyanja ya Tanganyika), kumwera na kumwera kwa Zambia, kumwera kwa Angola, kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa South Atlantic Ocean na chigaŵa cha Cabinda ku Angola. Charu ichi chili pakati pa latitude 6°N na 14°S, na longitude 12°E na 32°E. Charu ichi chili kumpoto kwa Equator, ndipo chigaŵa chimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu vya charu ichi chili kumwera. Charu ichi chili na malo ghakukwana 2,345,408 square kilometres (905,567 sq mi). Chifukwa chakuti charu cha DRC chili pa malo ghakuyana waka na charu cha Equator, vula yikukwera chomene ndipo ni malo agho kukuchitika ŵabingu ŵanandi chomene pa charu chose. Ku malo ghanyake, vula yikulokwa mamita ghakujumpha 2,000 pa chaka. Nkhorongo iyi yikwimira chigaŵa chikuru cha mlonga uwu, uwo kumanjiliro gha dazi ukulazga ku nyanja ya Atlantic. Malo agha ghali kuzingilizgika na mapiri agho ghakusangika ku chigaŵa cha kumwera na kumwera kwa caru, mapiri ghatali kumanjiliro gha dazi, ndiposo vyakumera vinandi ivyo vikwenda kujumpha Mlonga wa Congo kumpoto. Mapiri gha Rwenzori ghali kumafumiro gha dazi comene.[[File:Rainforest - Ituri (20874628148).jpg|thumb|left|[[Ituri Rainforest]]]] Nyengo ya mu vigaŵa vyamuthondo ndiyo yikupangiska kuti mlonga wa Congo usangike mu chigaŵa ichi pamoza na nkhorongo iyo yikwenda. Dambo la Congo lili na malo pafupifupi 1,000,000 km2. Mlonga uwu na milonga yinyake iyo yikwenda na mlonga uwu ndivyo vikovwira kuti vinthu vyendenge makora mu charu cha Congo. Mlonga ukuru uwo ukufuma mu mlonga uwu ni Kasai, Sangha, Ubangi, Ruzizi, Aruwimi, na Lulonga. {{MapLibrary|dem_congo_sat.jpg|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Mlonga wa Congo ndiwo uli na maji ghanandi chomene kuluska milonga yose pa charu chapasi. Mlonga wa Congo ukufuma mu mapiri gha Albertine Rift agho ghali mumphepete mwa chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa East African Rift, kweniso mu nyanja za Tanganyika na Mweru. Mlonga uwu ukufuma kumanjiliro gha dazi kufuma ku Kisangani kusi kwa maji gha Boyoma Falls, ndipo pachoko na pachoko ukuzgokera kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi, ukujumpha ku Mbandaka, ndipo ukubatikana na Mlonga wa Ubangi, na kunjira mu Pool Malebo (Stanley Pool). Kinshasa na Brazzaville vili ku sirya linyake la mlonga uwu. Kufuma apo, mlonga uwu ukusongonoka ndipo ukujumpha mu tumilonga tunandi uto tukumanyikwa na zina lakuti Livingstone Falls. Mlonga uwu uli na mtunda wa makilomita 37 ndipo uli na mumphepete mwa nyanja. Dambo la Albertine likovwira chomene kuti charu cha Congo chiŵe makora. Malo gha kumpoto ca kumafumiro gha dazi gha caru ici ghali na mapiri ghanandi comene, ndipo cifukwa ca kuzgoka kwa mapiri, mapiri ghakuphulika, ndipo nyengo zinyake ŵanthu ŵakukomeka. Mu chigaŵa ichi mukaŵa nyanja zinandi za ku Africa, ndipo zinayi mwa izi zili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu cha Congo. Mu chipalamba ichi muli vinthu vinandi chomene vyakukhumbikwa kumwera na kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu cha Congo. Pali cobalt, mkuwa, cadmium, dayamondi, golide, siliva, zinki, manganese, tini, germanium, uranium, radium, bauxite, iron ore, na malasha ghanandi, comenecomene mu cigaŵa ca Katanga kumwera kwa Congo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pamojasolutions.org/home/about-katanga/|title=About Katanga {{!}} Pamoja Tujenge|website=pamojasolutions.org|language=en-US|access-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029174110/http://pamojasolutions.org/home/about-katanga/|archive-date=29 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:An aerial view of the towering volcanic peak of Mt. Nyiragongo.jpg|thumb|[[Mount Nyiragongo]], which last erupted in 2021.]] [[File:La rivière Lulilaka, parc national de Salonga, 2005.jpg|thumb|[[Salonga National Park]].]] [[File:Paysage du territoire de Masisi (28130228449).jpg|thumb|[[Masisi Territory]]]] [[File:Nord-Kivu, RD Congo - Vue sur un cratère aux abords de la ville de Goma. (22722760943).jpg|thumb|[[Lake Kivu]] in [[North Kivu]] province]] Pa Janyuwale 17, 2002, Phiri la Nyiragongo likaphulika, ndipo chivwati chake chikaphulika pa liŵiro la makilomita 64 pa ora. Limoza mwa majigha ghatatu agho ghakaŵa na maji ghanandi ghakanjira mu msumba wa Goma, wakakoma ŵanthu 45 na kusida ŵanthu 120,000 kwambura pakukhala. Ŵanthu 400,000 ŵakafumamo mu msumba uwu. Maji gha mu Nyanja ya Kivu ghakaŵa na poyizoni, ndipo somba zikakomeka. Ndege ziŵiri pera ndizo zikanyamuka pa chiŵanja cha ndege cha ku malo agha cifukwa ca kuphulika kwa mafuta. Mphepo ya mabingu yikalutanga mu chiŵanja cha ndege, ndipo yikananga nthowa yakufumira na kunjilirapo. Pakati pajumpha myezi yinkhondi na umoza kufuma apo phiri ili likaphulikiranga, phiri la Nyamuragira nalo likaphulika. Phiri la Nyamuragira likafuma mu 2006 na mu 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.volcanolive.com/nyamuragira.html|title=Nyamuragira Volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo {{!}} John Seach|website=Volcanolive.com|access-date=29 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114120624/http://www.volcanolive.com/nyamuragira.html|archive-date=14 November 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> === Vinthu vyamoyo vyakupambanapambana === {{Main|Wildlife of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature|Environmental issues in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}}{{Further|List of ecoregions in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Bas-congo.JPG|[[Bas-Congo]] landscape|thumb]] [[File:Okapi2.jpg|An Okapi|thumb]] [[File:Male gorilla in SF zoo.jpg|A male [[western gorilla]]|thumb]] [[File:Hippo pod edit.jpg|[[Hippopotami]]|thumb]] Nkhorongo za Democratic Republic of the Congo zili na vyamoyo vyakupambanapambana. Vinyama ivi ni vichoko chomene ndipo vikukhala mu vyaru vinyake. Vigaŵa vinkhondi vya charu ichi vili pa malo agho ghali kulembeka kuti ni Vinthu Vya Caru Cose: Garumba, Kahuzi-Biega, Salonga na Virunga National Parks, na Okapi Wildlife Reserve. Charu cha Democratic Republic of the Congo ntchimoza mwa vyaru 17 ivyo vili na vyamoyo vinandi chomene. Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhumba kuvikilira vyamoyo ŵakufipa mtima comene na viyuni vyakuchemeka primates. Ku Congo kuli viyuni vinandi: chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), bonobo (Pan paniscus), gorilla wa kumafumiro gha dazi (Gorilla beringei), ndiposo panji gorilla wa kumanjiliro gha dazi (Gorilla gorilla).<ref>{{Cite iucn|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/9404/102330408|title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|date=April 2016|access-date=23 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023234244/https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/9404/102330408|archive-date=23 October 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>Ni caru cimoza pera pa caru cose ico muli viyuni vya bonobo. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufipa mtima chomene na umo vinyama ivi vikumalira. Cifukwa ca ulovi na kuparanyika kwa malo ghakukhalamo, chimpanzee, bonobo, na gorilla, ivyo nyengo yinyake vikaŵanga na ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanandi, sono vili kucepa kufika pa minkhwele ya chimpanzee 200,000, 100,000, panji 10,000 pera. Wupu wa World Conservation Union ukuti nyama izi zili pangozi. Vinthu vikuru ivyo vikuchitika mu charu cha DRC ni vyakuti nkhorongo zikumara, kupenja vinyama, kunanga vyamoyo, kunanga maji, na migodi. Ŵakuchimbira kwawo ndiwo ŵakupangiska panji ŵakupangiska kuti makuni ghadumulikeko, dongo likunangika, kweniso vinyama vikusuzgika. Suzgo linyake ndakuti, para ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira ntchito majeremusi nga ni dayamondi, golide, na coltan, ŵakunanga malo. == Kugawikana kwa boma == {{Main|Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Territories of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}}{{Further|Administrative divisions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Pasono charu chili na chigaŵa cha Kinshasa na vigaŵa vinyake 25. Vigaŵa ivi vili kugaŵika vigaŵa 145 na misumba 32. Pambere chaka cha 2015 chindafike, mu charu ichi mukaŵa vigaŵa 11.<ref>[http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?p=4551 The National Assembly adopts the laws regarding the limits of the provinces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127065041/http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?p=4551|date=27 January 2015}}, [[National Assembly (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]], 10 January 2015. {{in lang|fr}}</ref> {| style="border-spacing: 20px 1px;" | rowspan="13" | [[File:Provinces de la République démocratique du Congo - 2005.svg|thumb|upright=1.25]] | 1. [[Kinshasa]] || 14. [[Ituri Province]] |- | 2. [[Kongo Central]] || 15. [[Haut-Uele]] |- | 3. [[Kwango]] || 16. [[Tshopo]] |- | 4. [[Kwilu Province]] || 17. [[Bas-Uele]] |- | 5. [[Mai-Ndombe Province]] || 18. [[Nord-Ubangi]] |- | 6. [[Kasaï Province]] || 19. [[Mongala]] |- | 7. [[Kasaï-Central]] || 20. [[Sud-Ubangi]] |- | 8. [[Kasaï-Oriental]] || 21. [[Province of Équateur|Équateur]] |- | 9. [[Lomami Province]] || 22. [[Tshuapa]] |- | 10. [[Sankuru]] || 23. [[Tanganyika Province]] |- | 11. [[Maniema]] || 24. [[Haut-Lomami]] |- | 12. [[South Kivu]] || 25. [[Lualaba Province]] |- | 13. [[North Kivu]] || 26. [[Haut-Katanga Province]] |} ==Boma nda ndale== {{Main|Politics of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Joseph kabila.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Joseph Kabila]] was President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from January 2001 to January 2019.]] Pakati pajumpha vyaka vinayi kufuma apo ŵakalemberanga malango ghaŵiri, ndipo pakaŵa maboma gha vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana, kweniso maboma gha vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana mu charu chose. Mu 2003, boma la Georgia likakhazikiska nyumba ya malango iyo yikaŵa na nyumba ziŵiri, ya Senate na National Assembly. Pakati pa milimo yinyake, wupu uwu ndiwo ukapanganga dango liphya la caru. Wupu wakulongozga ukaŵa na ŵanthu 60, ndipo pulezidenti na ŵachiŵiri kwa pulezidenti ndiwo ŵakalongozganga. Kweniso pulezidenti ndiyo wakaŵa mulara wa ŵasilikari. Dango lakwamba likapangaso wupu wakweruzga uwo ukaŵa wakujiyimira pawekha.<ref name=":1" /> Ndondomeko ya malango ya mu 2006, iyo yikumanyikwaso kuti Ndondomeko ya Ndondomeko ya Ndondomeko ya Charu Chachitatu, yikamba kugwira ntchito mu Febuluwale 2006. Ndipouli, likapika mazaza pamoza na dango lakwendera lumoza m'paka pa nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵakasankhikira. Kuyana na dango liphya ili, wupu wakulongozga ukaŵa na nyumba ziŵiri. Boma, kweni pulezidenti yayi, ndilo likuŵa na mulandu ku Nyumba ya Malamulo. Dango liphya likapelekaso mazaza ghaphya ku maboma gha vigaŵa. Pa nyengo iyi, Khoti Likuru Chomene likamara ntchito yake ndipo likagaŵikana mu vigaŵa vitatu. Sono Khoti Likuru Chomene ndilo lili na mazaza ghakulongosora fundo za boma. Nangauli chalo ichi chili mu chigaŵa cha Central African United Nations, kweni chili ku chigaŵa cha Southern Africa (SADC).<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Member States |website=Southern African Development Community: Towards a common future |url=http://www.sadc.int/member-states |access-date=25 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422060429/http://www.sadc.int/member-states |archive-date=22 April 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> ===Ubale na vyaru vinyake=== {{See also|Foreign relations of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Joseph Kabila with Obamas 2014.jpg|thumb|President [[Joseph Kabila]] with U.S. President [[Barack Obama]] in August 2014]] Chifukwa cha unandi wa vinthu ivyo vikukhumbikwa pa caru cose ndiposo vinthu ivyo vikucitika mu vyaru nga ni China, India, Russia, Brazil, na vyaru vinyake, vyaru vyakupambanapambana vikukhumbikwira kuti vyaru vyakupambanapambana vilondezgenge nthowa ziphya zakovwira kuti viwone na kuvikilira vinthu vyakukhumbikwa pa umoyo wawo. Pakulongosora za kuzirwa kwa DRC ku wupu wa United States National Security, mulimo wa kukhazikiska gulu lakuzirwa la ku Congo ni ndondomeko yiphya ya U.S. ya kuzgora ŵasilikari ŵa charu ichi kuŵa ŵantchito. Pali vilato vya ndyali na vya ndyali kuti ku Congo, uko kuli vinthu vinandi vyakuthupi nga ni cobalt, kuŵe mtende. Cinthu cikuru comene ico ŵakugwiliskira nchito ni cobalt, iyo ŵakugwiliskira nchito pakupanga vigaŵa vya injini. Kweniso ŵakugwiliskira nchito cobalt pa kupanga visulo vya magineti, kweniso pa kupanga vinthu vyakuti vingapwetekeka yayi. Makampani gha vyakumera ghakugwiliskira nchito cobalt yinandi pa vinthu vyakupambanapambana, nga ni vyakupangira mafuta na vyakumera; vyakuwomira vyakuŵikamo malibwe na inki; vyakuŵikamo viŵiya vya porcelain; vyakuŵikamo vyakununkhira vya vyakununkhira na magalasi; na vyakununkhira vya vyakununkhira, vyakununkhira, na pulasitiki. Charu ichi chili na malo ghakukwana 80% gha cobalt pa caru cose. Ŵanthu ŵakughanaghana kuti cifukwa ca kuzirwa kwa cobalt mu mabatire gha magalimoto gha magesi na kukhazikika kwa magesi gha magesi agho ghali na vyakurya vinandi vya magesi ghakufuma ku magesi ghakusintha-sintha, caru ca DRC cingaŵa pa mphindano yikuru. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵa ku China ŵakugwiliskira nchito mu charu cha DRC na katundu uyo ŵanthu ŵa ku Congo ŵakuguliska ku China, vikukura comene. Mu Julayi 2019, ŵimiliri ŵa vyaru 37, kusazgapo DRC, ŵakasaina kalata yakukolerana ku UNHRC yakuvikilira umo China yikuchitira na ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Uyghur na visopa vinyake. Mu 2021, purezidenti Félix Tshisekedi wakachemera kuwunika mapangano gha migodi agho Joseph Kabila wakalemba na China, chomenechomene chiphangano cha Sicomines cha mabiliyoni ghanandi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Congo Reviews $6.2 Billion China Mining Deal as Criticism Grows |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-28/congo-reviews-6-2-billion-china-mining-deal-as-criticism-grows |work=Bloomberg |date=28 September 2021 |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207205823/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-28/congo-reviews-6-2-billion-china-mining-deal-as-criticism-grows |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=China Cash Flowed Through Congo Bank to Former President's Cronies |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-11-28/africa-s-biggest-data-leak-reveals-china-money-role-in-kabila-s-congo-looting |work=Bloomberg |date=28 November 2021 |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207205825/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-11-28/africa-s-biggest-data-leak-reveals-china-money-role-in-kabila-s-congo-looting |url-status=live }}</ref> === Wankhondo === {{See also|Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Aveba, district de l’Ituri, Province Orientale, DR Congo - Des militaires FARDC en patrouille. (16643921095).jpg|thumb|300px|FARDC soldiers on patrol in Ituri province]] Gulu la ŵasilikari la Forces Armées de la République Démocratique du Congo (FARDC) lili na ŵasilikari pafupifupi 144,000, ndipo ŵanandi mwa ŵasilikari aŵa ŵali mu gulu la ŵasilikari ŵa pa mtunda. FARDC yikapangika mu 2003 pamanyuma pa Nkhondo Yaciŵiri ya Congo ndipo yikasangamo magulu ghanandi gha ŵakugaluka. Chifukwa cha kuŵapo kwa ŵakugaluka awo ŵakaŵa ŵambura kulongozgeka makora, kweniso chifukwa cha kusoŵa ndalama kweniso chifukwa cha kurwa nkhondo na magulu ghakupambanapambana kwa vyaka vinandi, boma la FARDC likusuzgika na vimbundi na ukavu. Mapangano agho ghakalembeka paumaliro wa Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo ghakakhumbanga kuti paŵe ŵasilikari ŵaphya "ŵakukolerana, ŵakunozgekaso, na ŵakukolerana" awo ŵakaŵa na ŵasilikari ŵa boma la Kabila (FAC), RCD, na MLC. Kweniso ŵakayowoya kuti ŵakugaluka nga ni RCD-N, RCD-ML, na Mai-Mai ŵazamuŵa mu gulu liphya la ŵasilikari. Chikaŵaso na dango lakuti paŵe Conseil Supérieur de la Défense (Chipani Cikulu ca kuvikilira caru) ico cikapharazganga za nkhondo na kucenjezga ŵanthu pa nkhani ya kunozga vinthu vyawo, kufumiska vilwero, na kuvikilira caru. Gulu la FARDC lili na magulu gha ŵasilikari, agho ghakupharazgika mu vigaŵa vyose vya Democratic Republic of Congo. Ŵasilikari ŵa Congo ŵakurwa nkhondo ya ku Kivu ku chigaŵa cha North Kivu, nkhondo ya ku Ituri ku chigaŵa cha Ituri, na viwawa vinyake kwambira pa Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya ku Congo. Padera pa ŵasilikari ŵa FARDC, ŵasilikari ŵa UN ŵakuwona vya mtende ŵakuchemeka MONUSCO nawo ŵali mu charu ichi. Boma la Democratic Republic of the Congo lalemba chikalata cha UN pa nkhani ya kukanizga vilwero vya nyukiliya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-9&chapter=26&clang=_en |title=Chapter XXVI: Disarmament&nbsp;– No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons |publisher=United Nations Treaty Collection |date=7 July 2017 |access-date=14 August 2019 |archive-date=6 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806220546/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-9&chapter=26&clang=_en |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Vimbunda=== {{Main Article|Corruption in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Mubali munyake wa Mobutu wakalongosora umo boma likapokeleranga ndalama mu nyengo ya muwuso wake. Tikapempha munthu munyake kuti watore ndalama 5 miliyoni. Wakalutanga ku banki na mazaza gha Mobutu na kutora ndalama 10. Mobutu wakatora yimoza, ndipo ise tikatorako zinyake 9". Mobutu wakambiska vimbundi kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kumususka. Mobutu wakwenera kuti wakaba ndalama zakukwana madola 4.5 biliyoni apo wakaŵa pa udindo. Iyo wakaŵa wakwamba yayi kuŵa na vimbundi mu charu cha Congo. Mu Julayi 2009, khoti la ku Switzerland likadumura kuti nyengo yakumalira ntchito ya kupokera ndalama za mu caru cose yakujumpha $6.7 miliyoni izo Mobutu wakaŵika mu banki ya ku Switzerland, yili kumara, ntheura ndalama izi zikwenera kuweleraso ku mbumba ya Mobutu. Pulezidenti Kabila wakambiska Commission of Repression of Economic Crimes apo wakayamba kuwusa mu 2001. Ndipouli, mu 2016 gulu la Enough Project likalemba lipoti ilo likati charu cha Congo chili na nkhaza. Mu Juni 2020, khoti ku Democratic Republic of Congo likasanga kuti mulara wa boma la President Tshisekedi, Vital Kamerhe, wali na mulandu wa vimbundi. Wakalangika kuti wagwire nchito zinonono kwa vilimika 20, pamanyuma pakuti wapika mulandu wa kunanga ndalama za boma zakukwana madola 50 miliyoni. Wakaŵa munthu wakuzirwa comene uyo wakeruzgika cifukwa ca vimbundi mu DRC. Kweni Kamerhe ŵakamufumiska mu Disembala 2021. Mu Novembala 2021, kafukufuku wa khoti wakususkana na Kabila na ŵabwezi ŵake wakajulika ku Kinshasa pamanyuma pa kuvumbukwa kwa kukanizga ndalama zakukwana madola 138 miliyoni.<ref>{{cite news |title=DRC: Investigation opens on Joseph Kabila over $138 million embezzlement |url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/11/24/drc-investigation-opens-on-joseph-kabila-over-138-million-embezzlement/ |work=Africanews |date=24 November 2021 |language=en |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207102746/https://www.africanews.com/2021/11/24/drc-investigation-opens-on-joseph-kabila-over-138-million-embezzlement/ |url-status=live }}</ref> === Wanangwa wa munthu === [[File:DRC- Child Soldiers.jpg|thumb|A group of demobilized [[child soldiers]] in the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] {{Main|Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} {{Further|Sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Child soldiers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Kabila wakambiska kafukufuku wa khoti la International Criminal Court mu Democratic Republic of Congo mu Epulero 2004. Mu Juni 2004, khoti la International Criminal Court likamba mulandu uwu. Ŵana ŵachoko waka ndiwo ŵakugwira ntchito ya usilikari mu DRC, ndipo mu 2011, ŵakawona kuti ŵana 30,000 ŵachali kugwira ntchito na magulu agha. Ku United States, ŵanthu ŵakugwiriska nchito ŵana na kuŵachichizga. Ivyo Dipatimenti ya Vya ntchito yikasanga pa nkhani ya ntchito za ŵana mu DRC mu 2013 na vinthu vinkhondi na cimoza ivyo vikupangika na makampani gha migodi mu charu ichi vili pa ndondomeko ya Dipatimenti iyi ya December 2014 ya vinthu ivyo vikupangika na ntchito za ŵana.<ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/congo_democratic_republic.htm |title=Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor&nbsp;– Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=United States Department of Labor |access-date=10 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303052150/http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/congo_democratic_republic.htm |archive-date=3 March 2015 |url-status=live }} </ref> ====Crime and law enforcement==== {{Main|Crime in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Wapolisi wa ku Congo ndiyo ni wapolisi wakwamba mu Democratic Republic of Congo.<ref>{{cite book|title=Democratic Republic of the Congo: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper-Progress Report (EPub)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c57UNFOGOwwC&pg=PT56|year=2010|publisher=International Monetary Fund|isbn=978-1-4552-2241-4|pages=56–|access-date=14 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509161750/https://books.google.com/books?id=c57UNFOGOwwC&pg=PT56|archive-date=9 May 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> ==== Nkhaza ku ŵanakazi ==== {{Main|Sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Military macho-violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|International Criminal Court investigation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Vikuwoneka kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuwona kuti nkhaza izo ŵanakazi ŵakuchitirika ni nkharo yiwemi. Kafukufuku uyo wakachitika mu 2013 na 2014 pa DHS (pp. 299) wakalongora kuti ŵanakazi 74.8% ŵakakolerana na fundo yakuti mfumu wangachita makora kuti watimbe muwoli wake mu nyengo zinyake. Mu 2006, Komiti ya Wupu wa United Nations pa Nkhani ya Kumazga Kusankhana Mtundu, yikati yikudandawura kuti mu nyengo ya nkhondo iyi, ŵanthu ŵakuwona kuti kukhozgera wanangwa wa ŵanakazi na kuyana kwa ŵanalume na ŵanakazi ni nkhani yakuzirwa yayi.<ref> {{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/cedaw36/cc/DRC/0647846E.pdf |title=Concluding comments of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women: Democratic Republic of the Congo |publisher=United Nations |access-date=28 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084538/http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/cedaw36/cc/DRC/0647846E.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live }} </ref><ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.peacewomen.org/un/ecosoc/CEDAW/36th_session/DRC/NGO_report.pdf |title=Violence Against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) |publisher=peacewomen.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070925192704/http://www.peacewomen.org/un/ecosoc/CEDAW/36th_session/DRC/NGO_report.pdf |archive-date=25 September 2007 }} </ref>Ŵasilikari ŵa Democratic Republic of the Congo na magulu ghakwimikana nawo ŵakugwiliskira nchito vimbundi, nkhaza za kugonana, na wuzga wa kugonana nga ni vilwero vya nkhondo. Chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi chikuchemeka "malo agho ŵanthu ŵakuchitira nkhaza ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵankhongono pa charu chose". Ku DRC nako ŵanthu ŵakukoma ŵanakazi, nangauli ŵakukoma ŵanthu ŵanandi yayi. Ŵanakazi 5 pa 100 ŵaliwose ndiwo ŵakuŵa na suzgo ili.<ref> {{cite web |last1=Matundu Mbambi |first1=Annie |last2=Faray-Kele |first2=Marie-Claire |date=April–December 2010 |url=http://www.peacewomen.org/assets/file/Resources/NGO/hrinst_genderinequalityinthedrc_wilpf_december2010english.pdf |title=Gender Inequality and Social Institutions in the D.R.Congo |website=peacewomen.org |access-date=12 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031190906/http://www.peacewomen.org/assets/file/Resources/NGO/hrinst_genderinequalityinthedrc_wilpf_december2010english.pdf |archive-date=31 October 2014 |url-status=live }} </ref><ref>[http://www.brighamandwomens.org/Departments_and_Services/obgyn/services/africanwomenscenter/FGCprevalence.aspx "Female Genital Cutting Rates | African Women's Health Center at BWH"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129052427/http://www.brighamandwomens.org/Departments_and_Services/obgyn/services/africanwomenscenter/FGCprevalence.aspx |date=29 November 2014 }}. brighamandwomens.org.</ref> Dango ili likukanizga munthu waliyose uyo wakuswa viŵaro vya mu thupi panji vyakugwiriskira ntchito makora viŵaro vya mu thupi lake, kukhala mu jele vyaka viŵiri panji vinkhondi na kupelekeka cilango ca ndalama zakukwana 200,000. Mu Julayi 2007, Wupu wa International Committee of the Red Cross ukayowoya kuti uli na wofi na umo vinthu viliri kumafumiro gha dazi kwa DRC. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuchimbilira ku malo ghakuvikilirika usiku. Yakin Ertürk, uyo ni mulaŵiliri wapadera wa UN pa nkhani ya nkhaza izo zikucitikira ŵanakazi, wakati wakendera chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Congo mu Julayi 2007. Ertürk wakasazgirapo kuti: "Magulu gha vigeŵenga ghakuwukira ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha, kupoka vinthu vyawo, kuŵakolelera, kukora ŵanakazi na ŵana, na kuŵagwiliska nchito nga mbazga". Mu Disembala 2008, GuardianFilms ya The Guardian yikafumiska filimu yakulongosora ivyo ŵanakazi na ŵasungwana ŵakujumpha 400 ŵakayowoya. Mu Juni 2010, wupu wa Oxfam ukati chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakukoleka mwankhaza ku Democratic Republic of Congo chikukwera chomene. Ndipo ŵasayansi ŵa ku Harvard ŵakasanga kuti chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakukoleka mwankhaza chikukwera maulendo 17. Mu Juni 2014, buku la Freedom from Torture likalemba kuti boma likuzunura ŵanakazi awo ŵakuchita ndyali na kuŵachitira nkhaza. Ŵanakazi awo ŵali mu lipoti ili ŵakasuzgika mu malo ghanandi mu caru, kusazgapo msumba wa Kinshasa na malo ghanyake agho ghakaŵa kutali na uko kukaŵa nkhondo. Mu 2015, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mu charu ichi na ŵakuwaro, nga ni Filimbi na Emmanuel Weyi, ŵakayowoyapo kuti ntchakukhumbikwa kukanizga vivulupi na kusuzgika kwa vinthu apo mavoti gha mu 2016 ghakizanga.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/drc-democratic-republic-of-congo-filimbi-release/2822647.html|title=Rights Groups, DRC Lawmakers Call for 'Filimbi' Activists' Release|website=VOA|date=15 June 2015 |access-date=31 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412023149/http://www.voanews.com/content/drc-democratic-republic-of-congo-filimbi-release/2822647.html|archive-date=12 April 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://africaagenda.org/is-emmanuel-weyi-the-change-the-drc-needs/|title=Is Emmanuel Weyi "the change" the DRC needs?|website=Africa Agenda|language=en-US|access-date=31 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826144022/http://africaagenda.org/is-emmanuel-weyi-the-change-the-drc-needs/|archive-date=26 August 2016}}</ref> ==Chuma== {{Main|Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Poverty in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Democratic Republic of the Congo Product Exports (2019).svg|upright=1.3|thumb|right|A proportional representation of Democratic Republic of the Congo exports, 2019]] [[File:GDP_per_capita_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Congo.svg|thumb|Change in per capita GDP of Congo, 1950–2018. Figures are inflation-adjusted to 2011 International dollars.]] Banki Yikuru ya ku Congo ndiyo yikulaŵilira ndalama za ku Congo. Mu 2007, Banki ya Caru Cose yikadumura kuti yipenge ndalama zakukwana madola 1.3 biliyoni ku Democratic Republic of Congo. Boma la Congo likamba kudumbiskana vya kunjira mu wupu wa Organisation for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA) mu 2009. Charu cha DRC chikuwoneka kuti chili na vinthu vinandi chomene vyakuthupi.<ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/DR+Congo's+$24+trillion+fortune.-a0193800184 |title=DR Congo's $24 trillion fortune |publisher=Thefreelibrary.com |access-date=22 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221202108/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/403.htm |archive-date=21 February 2014 |url-status=live }} </ref><ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.newsaboutcongo.com/2009/03/congo-with-24-trillion-in-mineral-wealth-but-still-poor.html |title=Congo with $24 Trillion in Mineral Wealth BUT still Poor |publisher=News About Congo |date=15 March 2009 |access-date=22 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514063014/http://www.newsaboutcongo.com/2009/03/congo-with-24-trillion-in-mineral-wealth-but-still-poor.html |archive-date=14 May 2013 |url-status=live }} </ref><ref> {{cite web |last=Kuepper |first=Justin |url=http://theotcinvestor.com/mining-companies-could-see-big-profits-in-congo-855 |title=Mining Companies Could See Big Profits in Congo |publisher=Theotcinvestor.com |date=26 October 2010 |access-date=22 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717022430/http://theotcinvestor.com/mining-companies-could-see-big-profits-in-congo-855/ |archive-date=17 July 2011 |url-status=live }} </ref> Ku DRC kuli mafuta gha coltan ghakukwana 70 peresenti pa caru cose, cobalt yimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu, dayamondi yakujumpha 30 peresenti, na mkuŵa wakukwana cigaŵa cimoza pa vigaŵa 10.<ref>[[Coltan]] is a major source of [[tantalum]] which is used in the fabrication of electronic components in computers and mobile phones. The coltan mines are small, and non-mechanized. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5209428.stm DR Congo poll crucial for Africa"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202153903/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5209428.stm|date=2 December 2010}}, BBC News. 16 November 2006.</ref><ref>Bream, Rebecca (8 November 2007). [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/eec69b16-8d6e-11dc-a398-0000779fd2ac.html "A bid for front-line command in Africa"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317112641/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/eec69b16-8d6e-11dc-a398-0000779fd2ac.html |date=17 March 2008 }}. ''Financial Times''.</ref> Nangauli charu cha Democratic Republic of the Congo chili na vinthu vinandi vyakuthupi, kweni chuma chake chakhala pachoko chomene kwamba m'ma 1980. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980, charu cha DRC chikasanganga ndalama zakukwana 70% pa ndalama izo chikaguliskiranga ku vyakumera. Kufika mu 2005, 90% ya ndalama za DRC zikafumanga ku migodi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Congo ŵali pakati pa ŵanthu ŵakavu comene pa caru capasi. DRC Congo ndiyo yili na GDP ya pacoko comene pa caru cose, panji pafupifupi yose. DRC nayo njimoza mwa vyaru 20 ivyo vili pasi pa vyaru vinyake pa nkhani ya vimbundi. === Kugwira Ntchito M'migodi === {{main|Mining industry of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Diamonds- Zaire, (DR Congo) (8458935824).jpg|thumb|Rough diamonds ≈1 to 1.5 mm in size from DR Congo.]] DRC ndiyo yikupanga mafuta ghanandi chomene gha cobalt, mkuŵa, na dayamondi. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakufuma ku chigaŵa cha Kasai kumanjiliro gha dazi. Mu charu cha DRC, migodi yikuru comene yili kumwera kwa chigaŵa cha Katanga ndipo yili na makina ghakukwana matani ghanandi gha mkuwa na cobalt. Charu cha DRC ndicho chili na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene pa charu chose awo ŵakupanga dayamondi. Apo charu cha DRC chikapokera wanangwa wake mu 1960, chikaŵa chachiŵiri pa vyaru vya ku Africa. Mabungwe gha vyamalonda gha ku vyaru vinyake ghachepeskako milimo yawo cifukwa ca masuzgo agho ghakuŵapo cifukwa ca nkhondo izo zikucitika kwa nyengo yitali, kusoŵa kwa vinthu vyakukhumbikwa, ndiposo suzgo la vinthu. Nkhondo zikasazgirako masuzgo ghanyake nga nkhusintha kwa malango, vimbundi, kukwera kwa ndalama, na kuleka kujilongora makora pa nkhani ya ndalama. Vinthu vikasintha kuumaliro wa 2002, apo ŵasilikari ŵanandi ŵa vyaru vinyake ŵakafumako. Maofesi ghanandi gha International Monetary Fund na World Bank ghakakumana na boma kuti ghaŵawovwire kupanga pulani ya vyachuma, ndipo Pulezidenti Kabila wakamba kunozga vinthu. Vinthu vinandi ivyo vikucitika mu vyaru vinyake vikuwoneka yayi mu GDP. Kufika mu 2011, DRC yikaŵa na index ya chitukuko cha ŵanthu ya pachanya pa vyaru vyose 187.<ref>{{cite web |title=UN human development rankings place Norway at the top and DR Congo last |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2011/11/393922 |publisher=United Nations |access-date=3 December 2021 |date=2 November 2011 |archive-date=3 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203210458/https://news.un.org/en/story/2011/11/393922 |url-status=live }}</ref>[[File:Democratic Republic of Congo, Trends in the Human Development Index 1970-2010.png|thumb|upright=1.5|DR Congo's [[Human Development Index]] scores, 1970–2010.]] [[File:Basankusu collecting firewood by Francis Hannaway.jpg|thumb|Collecting firewood in [[Basankusu]].]] Chuma cha DRC chikuthemba chomene pa migodi. Ndipouli, nchito ya kuzenga migodi iyo yikucitika mu vigaŵa vichokovichoko yikucitika mu vigaŵa vyambura kulembeka ndipo yikuwoneka yayi mu GDP. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuti malibwe ghatatu pa ghaŵiri gha mu DRC ghakusangika mwakubisilizgika mu charu ichi. Mu 2002, ŵakabowozga kuti ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi kuli thini, kweni m'paka sono ŵakugwiliskira ntchito malo ghachoko waka. Kusunga vinthu vyakununkhira nga ni coltan na cassiterite, tantalum, na tin, kukawovwira kuti nkhondo yilute panthazi. Katanga Mining Limited, kampani ya ku Switzerland, ndiyo yili na Luilu Metallurgical Plant, iyo yili na matani 175,000 gha mkuwa na matani 8,000 gha cobalt pa caka, ndipo ni malo ghakuru comene ghakusangirapo cobalt pa caru cose. Pamanyuma pa kunozga vinthu, kampani iyi yikambaso kupanga mkuwa mu Disembala 2007 na cobalt mu Meyi 2008. Mu Epulero 2013, mawupu ghakwimikana na vimbundi ghakavumbura kuti boma la Congo likapokera yayi ndalama zakukwana madola 88 miliyoni kufuma ku migodi nangauli ntchito ya kunozga migodi yikendanga makora. Ndalama izo zikasoŵanga zikaŵa za mu 2010 ndipo wupu wa misonkho ukeneranga kuzipeleka ku banki. Pamanyuma, mu 2013, EITI yikanjizga charu ichi mu wupu wa EITI chifukwa chakuti chikaŵavya ndondomeko yakukwana yakupharazgira, kulaŵilira, na kuwunika vinthu. Kweni mu Julayi 2013, charu ichi chikamba kuchita makora chomene pa nkhani ya kuwunika mabuku. Mu Febuluwale 2018, kampani yakuwongolera chuma ku AllianceBernstein, yikalongosora kuti DRC "ndi Saudi Arabia ya nyengo ya magalimoto amagetsi", chifukwa cha chuma chake cha cobalt, chomwe chili chofunikira kwambiri pamabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amayendetsa magalimoto amagetsi.<ref>[https://www.mining-journal.com/capital-markets/news/1311386/-ivanhoe-pullback-investors-waiting ''Mining Journal''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122005748/https://www.mining-journal.com/capital-markets/news/1311386/-ivanhoe-pullback-investors-waiting |date=22 November 2018 }} "The [Ivanhoe] pullback investors have been waiting for", Aspermont Ltd., London, UK, 22 February 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.</ref> ===Mayendelo=== {{Main|Transport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:First train in Kindu, DRC.jpg|thumb|Sitima yakufuma ku Lubumbashi yikufika ku Kindu pa msewu uwo wasinthika.]] Kwenda pa mtunda ku Democratic Republic of Congo kukaŵa kwakusuzga nyengo zose. Malo na nyengo ya mu chipalamba cha Congo vikutondeska ŵanthu kuzenga misewu na njanji. DRC yili na milonga yinandi iyo yikwenda makora ndipo yikwendeska ŵanthu ŵanandi na katundu pa boti na boti kuluska charu chilichose mu Africa. Chifukwa cha suzgo la ndalama, vimbundi vya ndyali, na nkhondo za mukati mu vyaru vyapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kugwiliskira nchito makora vinthu vyawo. ====Njanji==== {{Main|Rail transport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Train rdc.svg|upright=1.25|thumb|Mapu gha njanji]] Boma la Congo likwendeska njanji na kampani yakuchemeka Congo Railroad Company (Société nationale des chemins de fer du Congo), Office National des Transports Congo na Office des Chemins de fer des Ueles (CFU). Nga umo viliri na vinthu vinyake vinandi mu Congo, misewu ya njanji njakunyongoloka, yaukazuzi, yakuzura na ŵanthu kweniso njakofya. ====Msewu==== DRC yili na misewu yichoko chomene yakuŵikika pa msewu kuluska charu chilichose ku Africa. Kuti ivi viwoneke makora, mtunda wa msewu mu charu chose ukujumpha makilomita 2,500. Matadi mpaka ku Lubumbashi, mtunda wa makilomita 2,700 (1700 mi) pa msewu). Pa ŵanthu ŵakukwana 1,000,000, pali msewu wa makilomita 35 wakuŵaŵa. Malipoti ghakulongora kuti Zambia na Botswana ni vyaru vya mtunda wa makilomita 721 na 3,427. Misewu yitatu mu msewu wa Trans-African Highway yikujumpha mu DR Congo: * Msewu wa Tripoli-Cape Town Highway: Msewu uwu ukujumpha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu pa National Road No. 1 pakati pa Kinshasa na Matadi, mtunda wa 285 km (177 mi) pa chigaŵa chimoza cha vigaŵa vyakwenda makora. * Msewu wa Lagos-Mombasa: DRC Congo ni nthowa yikuru iyo yikusoŵa mu msewu uwu wa kumafumiro gha dazi na kumanjiliro gha dazi ndipo yikukhumbikwira kuzenga msewu uphya kuti wendenge makora. * Msewu wa Beira-Lobito: Msewu uwu ukujumpha mu Katanga ndipo ukwenera kuzengekaso pa utali wake wose. ====Maji==== Charu cha DRC chili na misewu ya maji yitali comene. Pafupifupi vigaŵa viŵiri pa vigaŵa vitatu vya charu ichi, ŵanthu ŵakwenda pa maji. ====Mphepo==== Kufumira mu Juni 2016, DRC Congo yikaŵa na ndege yikuru yimoza (Congo Airways) iyo yikendanga mu DRC Congo. Ndege ya Congo Airways yikaŵa pa chiŵanja cha ndege cha Kinshasa. Wose awo ŵakwendeska ndege awo ŵavomerezgeka na DRC ŵalekeskeka kuluta ku ma eyapoti gha European Union na European Commission, cifukwa ca kupeleŵera kwa malango ghakwendeskera ndege. Makampani ghanandi gha ndege ghakuyegha ndege ku chiŵanja cha ndege cha Kinshasa ndipo ghanyake ghakuyegha ndege ku chiŵanja cha ndege cha Lubumbashi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110430124922/http://ec.europa.eu/transport/air-ban/doc/list_en.pdf List of airlines banned within the EU], Official EC list, updated 20 April 2011. Retrieved 20 September 2011.</ref> ===Magesi=== {{Main|Energy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Kufika mu 2008, mafuta gha makara na makara ghakaŵanga mu vyaru vinandi. Boma la DRC lili na vinthu vyakukhumbikwa pakupangiska magesi kufuma ku mlonga wa Congo. Charu ichi chili na makuni 50% gha mu Africa na milonga iyo yingapeleka nkhongono ya maji ku vyaru vyose vya mu Africa, mwakuyana na lipoti la UN lakukhwaskana na kuzirwa kwa chalo ichi na udindo wake wa ku Africa. Wupu wa Société nationale d'électricité ndiwo ukupanga na kupeleka magesi, kweni ŵanthu 15 pera mu charu ichi ndiwo ŵali na magesi. DRC njumoza wa vyaru vitatu ivyo vili na magesi. Ivi ni Southern African Power Pool, East African Power Pool, na Central African Power Pool.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Yee|first1=Amy|title=The Power Plants That May Save a Park, and Aid a Country|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/30/business/congo-power-plants-poaching.html|access-date=4 September 2017|work=The New York Times|date=30 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904001314/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/30/business/congo-power-plants-poaching.html|archive-date=4 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> ====Renewable energy==== {{main|Renewable energy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Chifukwa cha ungweru wa dazi, caru ca DRC cili na mwaŵi ukuru wa kupanga vinthu vya zuŵa. Ku DRC kuli magesi gha zuŵa ghakujumpha 836 agho ghali na nkhongono yakujumpha 83 MW. Magesi agha ghali mu Equateur (167), Katanga (159), Nord-Kivu (170), vigaŵa viŵiri vya Kasaï (170), na Bas-Congo (170). Kweniso, makina gha Caritas 148 ghali na nkhongono ya 6.31 MW.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reegle.info/countries/congo-dem-rep-energy-profile/CD|title=Energy Profile Congo, Dem. Rep|website=Reegle.info|access-date=21 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725214348/http://www.reegle.info/countries/congo-dem-rep-energy-profile/CD|archive-date=25 July 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> == Ŵanthu == {{Main|Demographics of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} {{further|Poverty in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Child marriage in Democratic Republic of the Congo}} ===Viyowoyelo=== [[File:Map - DR Congo, major languages.svg|thumb|The four Bantu languages with elevated "national" status.]] {{Main|Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Chifurenchi ndicho chikuyowoyeka mu charu cha Democratic Republic of the Congo. Chiyowoyero ichi ndicho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuyowoya mu charu cha Congo. Kuyana na lipoti la OIF la 2018, ŵanthu 49 miliyoni ŵa ku Congo (51% ya ŵanthu) ŵakumanya kuŵazga na kulemba Chifurenchi.<ref>[https://www.francophonie.org/sites/default/files/2021-04/LFDM-20Edition-2019-La-langue-fran%C3%A7aise-dans-le-monde.pdf La langue française dans le monde], [[Éditions Gallimard]], [[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]]</ref> Kafukufuku munyake uyo wakachitika mu 2021 wakalongora kuti ŵanthu 74% ŵakayowoyanga Chifurenchi.<ref name="lingala">{{cite web | url=https://www.target-sarl.cd/en/content/target-survey-french-most-spoken-language-drc-far-ahead-lingala | title=Target Survey: French, the most spoken language in DRC, far ahead of Lingala | date=10 July 2021 }}</ref> Ku Kinshasa, ŵanthu 67% mu 2014 ŵakaŵazganga na kulemba Cifurenci, ndipo 68.5% ŵakayowoyanga na kupulikiska. Mu caru ici muli viyowoyero pafupifupi 242, ndipo viyowoyero vinayi ni Kituba (Kikongo), Lingala, Tshiluba, na Swahili. Nangauli ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ndiwo ŵakuyowoya viyowoyero ivi, kweni ŵanandi ŵakuyowoya viyowoyero ivi nga ni chiyowoyero chachiŵiri. ChiLingala ndicho chikaŵa chiyowoyero cha boma mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Ŵabelgiji, ndipo ntchilankhulo icho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuyowoya. Kufuma waka apo ŵanthu ŵakagalukira boma, ŵasilikari ŵanandi ŵakumafumiro gha dazi ŵakayowoyanga Ciswahili. Pa nyengo iyo boma la Belgium likalamuliranga caru ici, ŵanthu ŵa ku Belgium ŵakamba kusambizga na kugwiliskira nchito viyowoyero vinayi mu masukulu gha pulayimale. Kweni pamanyuma pakuti charu cha Spain chazakaŵa na wanangwa wakusambira, chiyowoyero ichi chikasintha.<ref name=lang_educ>{{cite book |author=Organisation internationale de la Francophonie |title=La langue française dans le monde 2014 |url=http://www.francophonie.org/Langue-Francaise-2014/ |location=Paris |publisher=Éditions Nathan |page=117 |date=2014 |isbn=978-2-09-882654-0 |access-date=16 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702202909/http://www.francophonie.org/Langue-Francaise-2014/ |archive-date=2 July 2015 |url-status=dead |author-link=Organisation internationale de la Francophonie}}</ref> Kwambira mu 1975, viyowoyero vinayi vya boma vikambaso mu vyaka viŵiri vyakwambilira vya masambiro gha ku pulayimale, ndipo kufuma mu chaka chacitatu kuya munthazi, ciyowoyero ca Cifurenci ndico cikuyowoyeka pa sukulu. Ciphwitikizi cikusambizgika mu masukulu gha ku Congo nga ni ciyowoyero cinyake. Chifukwa chakuti lizgu la Ciphwitikizi likuyana comene na la Cifurenci, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakulimanya makora. Pa ŵanthu pafupifupi 175,000 awo ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi mu charu ichi, ŵanandi mba ku Angola na Mozambique. === Mtundu wa ŵanthu === Ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakujumpha 250 na mafuko 450 ndiwo ŵakukhala mu charu ichi. Ŵali mu magulu gha viyowoyero vya Bantu, Sudan, Nilotic, Ubangian, na Pygmy. Chifukwa cha kupambanako uku, mu Congo mulije fuko limoza ilo likulongozga, kweni mafuko agha ndigho ghakupanga 51.5% ya ŵanthu wose:<ref name=":0" /> [[File:DRC Ethnic Groups.png|thumb|245x245px|Breakdown of the largest ethnic groups in DRC]] - [[Luba-Kasai language|Luba-Kasaï]] - [[Kongo people|Kongo]] - [[Mongo people|Mongo]] - [[Luba-Katanga language|Lubakat]] - [[Lulua people|Lulua]] - [[Tetela people|Tetela]] - [[Nande language|Nande]] - [[Ngbandi people|Ngbandi]] - [[Ngombe language|Ngombe]] - [[Yaka people|Yaka]] - [[Ngbaka languages|Ngbaka]] Mu 2021, wupu wa UN ukati ŵanthu ŵa mu charu ichi ŵalipo 96 miliyoni.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+zr0053) Zaire&nbsp;– Population] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628105720/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+zr0053%29|date=28 June 2017}}". [[Library of Congress Country Studies]].</ref> {{UN_Population|ref}}Ŵanthu ŵa mafuko pafupifupi 250 ŵakumanyikwa. Ŵanthu ŵakuchemeka Pygmies awo ŵakukhala ku DR Congo ŵalipo 600,000.<ref>"[https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/05/22/1053585643490.html Pygmies want UN tribunal to address cannibalism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100121110837/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/05/22/1053585643490.html |date=21 January 2010 }}." ''The Sydney Morning Herald''. 23 May 2003.</ref> ===Chisopo=== {{Main|Religion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Lubumbashi_Cathedral.jpg|thumb|left|[[Sts. Peter and Paul Cathedral, Lubumbashi|The Sts. Peter and Paul Cathedral]], [[Lubumbashi]]]] [[File:Cathedrale notre dame de la victoire bukavu.png|thumb|left|[[Our Lady of Peace Cathedral, Bukavu|Our Lady of Peace Cathedral]] ku [[Bukavu]]]] Chikhristu ndicho ntchisopa chikuru mu DRC. Kafukufuku munyake uyo wakachitika mu 2013 na 2014, wakalongora kuti Ŵakhristu ŵalipo 93.7% (Ŵakatolika ŵalipo 29.7%, Ŵaprotesitanti ŵalipo 26.8%, ndipo Ŵakhristu ŵanyake ŵalipo 37.2%). Gulu linyake la cisopa la Cikhristu lakucemeka Kimbanguism likaŵa na ŵanthu 2.8%, apo Ŵasilamu ŵakaŵa 1%. Kafukufuku munyake wakulongora kuti Chikhristu ndicho ntchisopa chikuru, ndipo ŵanthu 95.8% ndiwo ŵakulondezgapo. Chiŵelengero cha awo ŵakulondezga chisopa cha Ciislamu chikuŵa pakati pa 1% na 12%. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2010/04/sub-saharan-africa-chapter-1.pdf |title=Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life / Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa |access-date=28 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924113617/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2010/04/sub-saharan-africa-chapter-1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR300/FR300.pdf|title=Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS-RDC) 2013–2014|website=Dhsprogram.com|access-date=23 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010190605/https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR300/FR300.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Mu caru ici muli Ŵakatolika pafupifupi 35 miliyoni, ndipo pali ma diocese 6 na ma diocese 41. Ntchakusuzga chomene kuyowoya umo Tchalitchi la Katolika lili kovwilira ŵanthu. Mubali Schatzberg wakati wupu uwu "ndiwo uli na mazaza pa charu chose". Masukulu agha ghakasambizga ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵakwambilira ŵakujumpha 60 peresenti na ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵa sekondare ŵakujumpha 40 peresenti. Tchalitchi ili lili na vipatala vinandi, masukulu, na makliniki, kweniso mabungwe ghanandi gha vyachuma, kusazgapo minda, malo ghakusungirako viŵeto, mashopu, na mashopu gha ŵantchito. Mipingo 62 ya Chiprotesitanti yikukolerana na Tchalitchi la Khristu mu Congo. Kanandi likucemeka kuti Tchalitchi la Ciphwitikizi, cifukwa ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mu DRC mba Ciphwitikizi. Ili na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 25 miliyoni, ndipo ni gulu likuru comene la Ciphwitikizi pa caru cose. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Belgium ŵakawonanga kuti chisopa cha Kimbangu ntchiheni chomene ndipo ŵakachizomerezga yayi. Chisopa cha Kimbangu, icho chikuchemeka kuti "Tchalitchi la Khristu pa Charu Chapasi ilo likalembeka na ntchimi Simoni Kimbangu", chili na ŵanthu pafupifupi 3 miliyoni.<ref name=Adherents>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010707120530/http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_365.html "Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo)", Adherents.com&nbsp;– Religion by Location.] Sources quoted are ''The World Factbook'' (1998), 'official government web site' of ''Democratic Republic of Congo''. Retrieved 25 May 2007.</ref> Chisilamu chili mu charu cha Democratic Republic of the Congo kwamba mu ma 1800, apo ŵamalonda ŵa ku East Africa ŵakanjiranga mu charu ichi kuti ŵaguliske njovu na ŵazga. Mazuŵa ghano, Ŵasilamu ŵalipo pafupifupi 1 peresenti ya ŵanthu wose ŵa ku Congo. Ŵanandi mwa ŵanthu aŵa Mbasilamu ŵa Sunni. Ŵanthu ŵakwamba ŵa cisopa ca Bahá'í awo ŵakakhala mu caru ici ŵakafuma ku Uganda mu 1953. Pakati pajumpha vilimika vinayi, wupu wakulongozga ukasankhika. Mu 1970 wupu wa National Spiritual Assembly (National administrative council) ukasankhika kakwamba. Nangauli chisopa ichi chikaŵa pasi pa dango mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980, kweni boma la charu chinyake likakanizga. Mu 2012, boma likapharazga kuti lizamunozga Nyumba Yakusoperamo ya Chikhristu cha Baha'i. Visopa ivyo vikulondezga visambizgo vya ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana nga ni kusopa Chiuta yumoza, kusopa viŵanda, kusopa mizimu na ŵasekuru, uloyi, na ufwiti. Kanandi visopa ivi vikusazgapo visambizgo vya Chikhristu na vigomezgo na maluso gha ŵanthu. Vinthu vinyake ivyo vikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakale ŵakagomezganga vyazara chomene. Ŵana awo ŵakususkika kuti ni ŵamasalamusi ŵakufumiskika pa nyumba na mbumba zawo, ndipo kanandi ŵakukhala mu misewu. Pali mawupu agho ghakovwira ŵana ŵa mu misewu nga ni Congo Children Trust. Ntchito ya Congo Children Trust ni Kimbilio, iyo yikovwira kuti ŵana ŵa mu misewu mu Lubumbashi ŵambeso kukolerana. Kanandi ŵana aŵa ŵakucemeka kuti enfants sorciers (ŵana awo ni ŵamasalamusi) panji enfants dits sorciers (ŵana awo ŵakususkika kuti ni ŵamasalamusi). Mabungwe gha matchalitchi ghakupambanapambana ghapangika kuti ghasangepo candulo na cisambizgo ici mwa kupokera ndalama zinandi comene pa mulimo uwu. Nangauli sonosono apa ŵana ŵakukanizgika, kweni ŵasofi na ŵasembe awo ŵakujichema kuti ni ntchimi na ŵasembe ŵakuŵachitira nkhaza.<ref> {{cite news |last=Harris |first=Dan |title=Children in Congo forced into exorcisms |work=world news |publisher=USA today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2009-05-20-childwitch_N.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104115309/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2009-05-20-childwitch_N.htm |archive-date=4 November 2012 |access-date=24 April 2011 |date=21 May 2009 }} </ref> ===Masambilo=== {{Main|Education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:DRC classroom.jpg|thumb|Mu kilasi ku Democratic Republic of the Congo.]] Mu 2014, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya kuŵazga na kulemba pakati pa vyaka 15 na 49 chikaŵa 75.9% (88.1% ŵanalume na 63.8% ŵanakazi) kuyana na kafukufuku wa DHS. Masukulu agha ghali na maofesi ghatatu: Ministry of Primary, Secondary and Professional Education (MEPSP), Ministry of Higher and University Education (MESU) na Ministry of Social Affairs (MAS). Sukulu ya pulayimale njambura kulipira ndipo njakukakamika yayi nangauli dango la charu cha Congo likuti ndimo likwenera kuŵira. Chifukwa cha nkhondo za ku Congo zakwambilira na zaciŵiri za kuumaliro wa ma 1990, ŵana ŵakujumpha 5.2 miliyoni mu caru ici ŵakatondeka kusambira. Kufuma waka apo nkhondo ya pawenenawene yikamalira, vinthu vyamba kwenda makora chomene, ndipo ŵana awo ŵali ku sukulu za pulayimale ŵakukwera kufuma pa 5.5 miliyoni mu 2002 kufika pa 16.8 miliyoni mu 2018, ndipo ŵana awo ŵali ku sukulu za sekondale ŵakukwera kufuma pa 2.8 miliyoni mu 2007 kufika pa 4.6 miliyoni mu 2015 kuyana na UNESCO. Ŵanthu awo ŵakuluta ku sukulu ŵakukwaniska yayi, ndipo mu 2014 chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakuluta ku sukulu chikakwana 82.4% (82.4% ya ŵana ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 6 na 11; 83.4% ya ŵanyamata na 80.6% ya ŵasungwana).<ref>{{cite book |title=Enquête Démographique et de Santé en République Démocratique du Congo 2013–2014 |author1=Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM) |author2=Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP) |author3=[[ICF International]] |page=XXV |url=http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR300/FR300.pdf |access-date=16 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226192128/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR300/FR300.pdf |archive-date=26 December 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> ===Umoyo=== {{Main|Health in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|HIV/AIDS in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} [[File:Life_expectancy_in_DR_Congo.svg|thumb|Development of life expectancy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] Chipatala chinyake mu DRC ni cha General Hospital of Kinshasa. Charu cha DRC ndicho chili na ŵana ŵanandi chomene pa charu chose. Mu Epulero 2011, wovwiri wa wupu wa Global Alliance for Vaccines ukapangiska kuti paŵe munkhwala uphya wakovwira kugega nthenda ya pneumococcal. Mu 2012, ŵanthu pafupifupi 1.1% ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 15 na 49 ŵakaŵa na HIV/AIDS. Maleriya na nthenda ya yellow fever ni masuzgo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_04_24_yellowfever/en/ |title=Yellow fever in the Democratic Republic of Congo |publisher=World Health Organization |date=24 April 2014 |access-date=10 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150605110715/http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_04_24_yellowfever/en/ |archive-date=5 June 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/malaria/publications/country-profiles/profile_cod_en.pdf |title=Democratic Republic of the Congo, Epidemiological profile, World Malaria Report 2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |access-date=10 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419112412/http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/country-profiles/profile_cod_en.pdf |archive-date=19 April 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2155.html |title=The World Factbook&nbsp;– Field Listing : HIV/AIDS : adult prevalence rate |publisher=Cia.gov |year=2012 |access-date=10 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216040138/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2155.html |archive-date=16 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.irinnews.org/report/77948/drc-malaria-still-biggest-killer |title=DRC: Malaria still biggest killer |agency=IRIN |date=28 April 2008 |access-date=10 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112124205/http://www.irinnews.org/report/77948/drc-malaria-still-biggest-killer |archive-date=12 November 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>Mu Meyi 2019, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakafwa na Ebola ku DRC chikakwana 1,000.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Latest: Ebola deaths top 1,000 in Congo outbreak |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/the-latest-ebola-deaths-top-1000-in-congo-outbreak/2019/05/03/2384eb24-6dd1-11e9-bbe7-1c798fb80536_story.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503185757/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/the-latest-ebola-deaths-top-1000-in-congo-outbreak/2019/05/03/2384eb24-6dd1-11e9-bbe7-1c798fb80536_story.html |archive-date=2019-05-03}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufwa cifukwa ca nthenda ya yellow fever mu DRC. Kuyana na lipoti la wupu wa vyaumoyo pa charu chose (WHO) mu chaka cha 2021, ŵanthu ŵaŵiri pera ndiwo ŵakafwa na nthenda ya yellow fever mu DRC. Wupu wa World Bank Group ukati mu 2016, ŵanthu 26,529 ŵakafwa pa misewu ya mu DRC cifukwa ca ngozi za pa msewu. Umoyo wa ŵamama uli makora yayi mu DRC. Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu 2010, caru ca DRC nchakwamba pa caru cose kuŵa na ŵana ŵanakazi ŵanandi comene. Wupu wa UNICEF ukati pa ŵana wose ŵa vyaka vinkhondi kukhilira pasi, 43.5% mbakucekura. Wupu wakuwona vya vyakurya wa United Nations ukachenjezga kuti pakati pa nkhondo iyo yikukulirakulira na suzgo la COVID-19 mu DRC, umoyo wa ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanandi uli pangozi chifukwa ŵangafwa na njara. Kuyana na kafukufuku wa World Food Programme, mu 2020 ŵanthu ŵanayi pa ŵanthu 10 mu Congo ŵakaŵavya chakurya ndipo ŵanthu pafupifupi 15.6 miliyoni ŵakaŵa na njara. Ku Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), mphepo njakofya comene. Mu 2020, nthenda ya mphepo mu Democratic Republic of Congo yikaŵa 34.2 μg/m3, iyo yikaŵa pafupifupi maulendo 6.8 gha ulongozgi wa Wupu wa vyaumoyo wa pa charu chose wa PM2.5 (5 μg/m3: uwo ukaŵikika mu Seputembala 2021). Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakughanaghana kuti nthenda iyi yingawovwira kuti munthu wa ku DRC waleke kukhala vyaka vinandi. Pasono charu cha DRC chilije ndondomeko ya umo mphepo yiŵirenge.<ref>{{cite web |last=Environment |first=U. N. |date=2021-08-31 |title=Regulating Air Quality: the First Global Assessment of Air Pollution Legislation |url=http://www.unep.org/resources/report/regulating-air-quality-first-global-assessment-air-pollution-legislation |access-date=2022-09-01 |website=UNEP - UN Environment Programme |language=en}}</ref> === Misumba yikuru === {{Largest cities | country = the Democratic Republic of the Congo | stat_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=The World Factbook: Africa - Congo, Democratic Republic of the|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/congo-democratic-republic-of-the|website=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]|access-date=April 13, 2016|archive-date=11 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511000300/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cg.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://populationstat.com/africa/ |title=Africa Population (2022) |website=populationstat.com}}</ref> | div_name = Province | city_1 = Kinshasa | div_1 = Kinshasa | pop_1 = 15,628,000 | img_1 = Kinshasa-Gombe, from CCIC.JPG | city_2 = Mbuji-Mayi | div_2 = Kasai-Oriental | pop_2 = 2,765,000 | img_2 = Kongo C3.jpg | city_3 = Lubumbashi | div_3 = Haut-Katanga Province{{!}}Haut-Katanga | pop_3 = 2,695,000 | img_3 = Downtown Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo - 20061130.jpg | city_4 = Kananga | div_4 = Kasaï-Central | pop_4 = 1,593,000 | img_4 = Kananga Vue aérienne.jpg | city_5 = Kisangani | div_5 = Tshopo | pop_5 = 1,366,000 | city_6 = Bukavu | div_6 = South Kivu | pop_6 = 1,190,000 | city_7 = Tshikapa | div_7 = Kasaï Province{{!}}Kasaï | pop_7 = 1,024,000 | city_8 = Bunia | div_8 = Ituri Province{{!}}Ituri | pop_8 = 768,000 | city_9 = Goma | div_9 = North Kivu | pop_9 = 707,000 | city_10 = Uvira | div_10 = South Kivu | pop_10 = 657,000 }} === Kusama === [[File:Opening ceremony of new PNC headquarters in Goma (7134901927).jpg|thumb|Population fleeing their villages due to fighting between FARDC and rebels groups, Sake North Kivu 30 April 2012]] Chifukwa cha masuzgo agho ghakuŵapo mu charu ichi kweniso umo vinthu viliri mu boma, nchakusuzga comene kusanga fundo zakugomezgeka zakukhwaskana na ŵanthu awo ŵakusamira kunyake. Ndipouli, pali ukaboni wakuti caru ca DRC cikulutilira kupokelera ŵalendo nangauli ciŵelengero cawo cacepa comene. Ŵanthu awo ŵakufuma mu vyaru vinyake ŵakwiza mu vyaru vinandi. Kweniso, migodi yikuru-yikuru ya mu caru ici yikukopa ŵantchito ŵakufuma ku vyaru vya ku Africa na vyaru vinyake. Kweniso ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufuma mu vyaru vinyake vya mu Africa na vyaru vinyake kuti ŵakasame.<ref name="IOMProfile"> {{Cite book |url=http://publications.iom.int/bookstore/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=41_42&products_id=592 |title=Migration en République Démocratique du Congo: Profil national 2009 |publisher=International Organization for Migration |year=2010 |isbn=978-92-9068-567-8 |language=fr |access-date=17 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511092512/http://publications.iom.int/bookstore/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=41_42&products_id=592 |archive-date=11 May 2011 |url-status=live}} </ref> Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufumira ku vyaru vinyake kuluta ku vyaru vya ku South Africa na Europe. Mu vyaka 20 ivyo vyajumpha, ciŵelengero ca ŵanthu awo ŵakuluta ku caru ca DRC cacepa comene, comenecomene cifukwa ca vivulupi ivyo vikucitika mu caru ici. Wupu wa International Organization for Migration ukati chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakusamukira ku charu ichi chachepa chomene. Malipoti gha boma ghakulongora yayi, cifukwa cakuti mu DRC muli ndalama zinandi izo zikufuma mu vyaru vinyake. Kweniso palije maukaboni ghakukhwaskana na ŵanthu awo ŵafuma mu vyaru vinyake kwambura malango. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Congo awo ŵakukhala mu vyaru vinyake ŵakupambana chomene, kufuma pa 3 mpaka 6 miliyoni. Kusiyana uku kukucitika cifukwa ca kusoŵerwa kwa maukaboni ghakugomezgeka. Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakufuma ku DRC ŵakukhala mu vyaru vya ku Africa ndipo ŵanyake ŵakukhala ku Europe. Vyaru vinyake ivyo ŵakuluta ni South Africa na malo ghanyake agho ŵakuluta ku Europe. Boma la DRC lafumiska ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuchimbira kwawo na awo ŵakupenja malo ghakubisamamo. Chiŵelengero ichi chikakwera comene mu 2004 apo UNHCR yikati pakaŵa ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 460,000 ŵakucimbira kwawo kufuma ku DRC. Mu 2008, ciŵelengero ca ŵanthu ŵakucimbira kwawo ŵa ku Congo cikaŵa 367,995. Kwamba mu 2003, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 400,000 ŵakufuma ku Congo ŵafumiskika mu Angol[[Angola|a]].<ref>"[http://www.ipsnews.net/2012/05/calls-for-angola-to-investigate-abuse-of-congolese-migrants "Calls for Angola to Investigate Abuse of Congolese Migrants"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525172019/http://www.ipsnews.net/2012/05/calls-for-angola-to-investigate-abuse-of-congolese-migrants/ |date=25 May 2013 }}, Inter Press Service. 21 May 2012.</ref> ==Mwambo== {{Main|Culture of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congolese cuisine}} [[File:Hemba male figure1.jpg|thumb|upright|A [[Hemba]] male statue]] Ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana ŵakukhala mu vyaru ivi, kufuma ku mlonga wa Congo uwo uli mumphepete mwa nyanja m'paka ku mapiri agho ghali kufupi na kumafumiro gha dazi. Kwambira kuumaliro wa m'ma 1800, ŵanthu ŵakamba kusintha umoyo wawo chifukwa cha ufumu wa maboma, kulimbana kuti ŵaŵe ŵakujiyimira ŵekha, nyengo ya Mobutu, kweniso nkhondo yakwamba na yachiŵiri ya ku Congo. Nangauli ŵanthu ŵa ku Congo ŵali na masuzgo agha, kweni mitheto yawo yikusintha yayi. Mu charu ichi muli ŵanthu 81 miliyoni (2016). Ŵanthu 30 pa 100 awo ŵakukhala mu misumba ndiwo ŵakutemwa chomene vinthu vya ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi. ===Sumo=== Charu cha Congo chili na mitheto ya rumba ya ku Cuba, kumba yakufuma ku Congo na merengue. Ndipo ŵaŵiri aŵa pamasinda ŵakubaba viŵeto vinyake.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEeTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA133 |author=Stone, Ruth M. |title=The Garland Handbook of African Music |page=133 |access-date=24 August 2014 |isbn=978-1-135-90001-4 |year=2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512113805/https://books.google.com/books?id=XEeTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA133 |archive-date=12 May 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Vyaru vinyake vya mu Africa vikupanga sumu izo zikufuma ku sumu za ku Congo. Magulu ghanyake gha ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ŵakwimba mu ciyowoyero ca Lingala, ico nchimoza mwa viyowoyero vikuru comene mu caru ca DRC. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Congo ŵeneŵaŵa, awo ŵakulongozgeka na "le sapeur", Papa Wemba, ndiwo ŵapangiska muwiro wa ŵanyamata awo nyengo zose ŵakuvwara vyakuvwara vyakudura. Iwo ŵakamanyikwa kuti mbanthu ŵa muwiro wachinayi wa sumu za ku Congo ndipo ŵanandi ŵakufuma mu gulu lakale lakumanyikwa la Wenge Musica. Elizo Kisonga, uyo pasono wakukhala ku England, wakukhala ku Congo. === Maseŵera === Ku DRC ŵanthu ŵakutemwa maseŵero ghanandi nga ni bola, basketball, na rugby. Maseŵero agha ghakucitikira mu ma stadiyo ghanandi mu caru cose, kusazgapo Stade Frederic Kibassa Maliba. Monga Zaire iwo adagwira nawo gawo mu 1974 FIFA World Cup. Ku vyaru vinyake, caru ici nchakumanyikwa comene cifukwa ca maseŵero gha basketball na mpira. Dikembe Mutombo njumoza wa ŵaseŵera ŵa basketball ŵawemi comene ŵa ku Africa. Mutombo wakumanyikwa comene cifukwa ca kovwira ŵanthu mu caru cake. Bismack Biyombo, Christian Eyenga, Jonathan Kuminga, na Emmanuel Mudiay ndiwo ŵakawoneseskaso kuti ŵanthu ŵakutemwa maseŵera agha. Ŵaseŵero ŵanandi ŵa ku Congo na ŵa ku Congo, kusazgapo Romelu Lukaku, Yannick Bolasie, na Dieumerci Mbokani, ŵamanya chomene maseŵero gha mpira. DRC Congo yikwina kaŵiri mpikisano wa mpira wa Africa Cup of Nations. Gulu la mpira wa volleyball la azimayi la DR Congo lakwanitsa kulowa nawo mpikisano wa volleyball wa azimayi ku Africa wa 2021. Charu ichi chikaŵa na timu ya chalo ya beach volleyball iyo yikathereskana pa 2018 ∼2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup mu chigaŵa cha ŵanakazi na ŵanalume..<ref>{{cite news |title=Continental Cup Finals start in Africa |url=https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414 |access-date=7 August 2021 |work=[[FIVB]] |date=22 June 2021 |archive-date=7 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807141038/https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Wayilesi=== {{main|Media of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Manyuzipepara gha DRC ni L'Avenir, Radion Télévision Mwangaza, Template:ILL, Template:ILL, Le Phare, Le Potentiel, Le Soft na LeCongolais.CD, nyuzipepara ya pa intaneti. Radio Télévision Nationale Congolaise (RTNC) ni wayilesi ya charu cha Democratic Republic of Congo. RTNC pasono yikupharazga mu Lingala, French, na English.<ref>"[http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/congok/congoknews.html Countries: Democatric Republic of the Congo: News]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20131213055112/http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/congok/congoknews.html Archive]).{{sic}} [[Stanford University]] Libraries & Academic Information Resources. Retrieved 28 April 2014.</ref> === Kulemba mabuku === Awo ŵakulemba mabuku ku Congo ŵakugwiliskira nchito mabuku kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu DRC ŵamanye kuti charu chawo ntcha iwo. Frederick Kambemba Yamusangie wakulemba mabuku gha ŵanthu awo ŵakakulira mu Congo, mu nyengo iyo ŵakakhalanga mu vyaru vinyake. Yamusangie mu nkhani yake wakati wakawona kuti pali mphambano pakati pa mabuku ndipo wakakhumba kumazga suzgo ili. Iyo wakalemba buku lakuti Full Circle, ilo ni nkhani ya msepuka zina lake Emanuel uyo pakwamba pa buku ili wakuwona kuti pali mphambano pakati pa ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana mu Congo na kunyake. Rais Neza Boneza, mulembi wa ku chigaŵa cha Katanga, wakalemba mabuku na mapowemu kuti wawovwire ŵanthu kumanya umo ŵangalongolera luso lawo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://raisnezaboneza.no/about-ras-n-boneza/|title=Rais Neza Boneza's Baraza|date=17 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205193404/http://raisnezaboneza.no/about-ras-n-boneza/|archive-date=5 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Wonaniso== {{Portal|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} * [[Outline of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] * [[Index of Democratic Republic of the Congo-related articles]] * [[Democratic Republic of the Congo–South Sudan border]] ==Vyakulemba== {{Notelist}} ==Ukaboni== {{Reflist |refs= <ref name=DR-Congo>* {{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/03/30/dr-congo-rampant-intercommunal-violence-west |website=[[Human Rights Watch]] |date=2023 |title=DR Congo: Rampant Intercommunal Violence in West |access-date=28 April 2023}} * {{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13283212 |website=[[BBC News]] |title=DR Congo country profile |date=14 April 2023 |access-date=28 April 2023}} * {{cite web |url=https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/dr-congo-childrens-access-education-under-threat-ongoing-violence-kasai-region |date=15 September 2017 |title=DR Congo: Children's access to education under threat from ongoing violence in Kasai region |website=[[UNICEF]] |access-date=28 April 2023}}</ref> <ref name=DROC>* {{cite book |title=Angola: A Modern Military History, 1961–2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wUpdAQAAQBAJ&q=droc |last=Weigert |first=Stephen L. |edition=electronic |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |year=2011 |isbn=9780230337831 |pages=PT122, PT157 |access-date=22 July 2020 |archive-date=15 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315110703/https://books.google.com/books?id=wUpdAQAAQBAJ&q=droc |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7uNZAAAAYAAJ&q=droc |pages=79, 645 |title=Worldmark Yearbook 2000 |volume=1 |publisher=[[Gale Group]] |year=2000 |isbn=9780787649333 |access-date=22 July 2020 |archive-date=11 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811185537/https://books.google.com/books?id=7uNZAAAAYAAJ&q=droc |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |title=Congo-Zaire's 1996-97 civil war in the context of evolving patterns of military conflict in Africa in the era of independence |url=https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/jcs/article/view/4358/5015 |last=Thom |first=William G. |journal=Journal of Conflict Studies |volume=XIX |number=2 |date=Fall 1999 |access-date=22 July 2020 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126041112/https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/jcs/article/view/4358/5015 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261919315314 |title=The vulnerability of electric vehicle deployment to critical mineral supply |journal=[[Applied Energy]] |last1=Ballinger |first1=Benjamin |last2=Stringer |first2=Martin |last3=Schmeda-Lopez |first3=Diego R. |doi=10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113844 |volume=255 |date=December 1, 2019 |page=113844 |s2cid=203130461 |access-date=22 July 2020 |archive-date=3 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103135200/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261919315314 |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |last1=Starbird |first1=Caroline |last2=Deboer |first2=Dale |last3=Pettit |first3=Jenny |year=2004 |title=Teaching International Economics and Trade |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EKiS9SZNPe0C&pg=PA78 |publisher=Center for Teaching International Relations, [[University of Denver]] |page=78 |isbn=978-0-943804-92-7 |quote=Aid Applicant: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DROC). |access-date=14 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319004856/http://books.google.com/books?id=EKiS9SZNPe0C&pg=PA78 |archive-date=19 March 2015 |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |last=[[Office of the United States Trade Representative]] |editor-last=[[United States House of Representatives]] [[United States House Committee on Ways and Means|Committee on Ways and Means]] |date=2003 |title=Comprehensive Report on U.S. Trade and Investment Policy Toward Sub-Saharan Africa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HnGGEqGukvgC&pg=PA87 |others=Message from the President of the United States |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |page=87 |isbn=978-1-4289-5014-6 |quote=Democratic Republic of the Congo (DROC) will become eligible for AGOA trade benefits upon formation of a transitional government. |access-date=14 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720072103/https://books.google.com/books?id=HnGGEqGukvgC&pg=PA87 |archive-date=20 July 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> }} '''Mabuku''' * {{cite book| last1 = Young| first1 = M. Crawford| last2 = Turner| first2 = Thomas Edwin| title = The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State| publisher = University of Wisconsin Press| edition = illustrated, reprint| date = 2013| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=R5pJxgosjIIC| isbn = 978-0-299-10113-8| access-date = 7 February 2018| archive-date = 15 April 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210415084309/https://books.google.com/books?id=R5pJxgosjIIC| url-status = live}} == Vyakulemba vinyake == {{refbegin|30em}} * Clark, John F., ''The African Stakes of the Congo War'', 2004. * Callaghy, T., ''The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in Comparative Perspective''. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984, {{ISBN|0-231-05720-2}}. * Deibert, Michael: ''The Democratic Republic of Congo: Between Hope and Despair'', Zed Books, 2013. * {{cite book| last=Devlin| first=Larry| author-link=Larry Devlin| title=Chief of Station, Congo: A Memoir of 1960–67| url=https://archive.org/details/chiefofstationco0000devl| publisher=PublicAffairs| location=New York| year=2007| isbn=978-1-58648-405-7|ref=none}} * Drummond, Bill and Manning, Mark, ''The Wild Highway'', 2005. * Edgerton, Robert, ''The Troubled Heart of Africa: A History of the Congo.'' St. Martin's Press, 2002. * Exenberger, Andreas/Hartmann, Simon. [http://eeecon.uibk.ac.at/wopec2/repec/inn/wpaper/2007-31.pdf ''The Dark Side of Globalization. The Vicious Cycle of Exploitation from World Market Integration: Lesson from the Congo''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815122645/http://eeecon.uibk.ac.at/wopec2/repec/inn/wpaper/2007-31.pdf |date=15 August 2011 }}, Working Papers in Economics and Statistics 31, University Innsbruck 2007. * Exenberger, Andreas/Hartmann, Simon. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110901165807/http://vkc.library.uu.nl/vkc/seh/research/Lists/Events/Attachments/6/Paper.ExenbergerHartmann.pdf ''Doomed to Disaster? Long-term Trajectories of Exploitation in the Congo''], Paper to be presented at the Workshop "Colonial Extraction in the Netherlands Indies and Belgian Congo: Institutions, Institutional Change and Long Term Consequences", Utrecht 3–4 December 2010. * Gondola, Ch. Didier, "The History of Congo", Westport: Greenwood Press, 2002. * Joris, Lieve, translated by Waters, Liz, ''The Rebels' Hour'', Atlantic, 2008. * Justenhoven, Heinz-Gerhard; Ehrhart, Hans Georg. Intervention im Kongo: eine kritische Analyse der Befriedungspolitik von UN und EU. [[Stuttgart]]: [[Kohlhammer Verlag]], 2008. (In German) {{ISBN|978-3-17-020781-3}}. * [[Barbara Kingsolver|Kingsolver, Barbara]]. ''[[The Poisonwood Bible]]'' HarperCollins, 1998. * Larémont, Ricardo René, ed. 2005. ''Borders, nationalism and the African state''. Boulder, Colorado and London: Lynne Rienner Publishers. * Lemarchand, Reni and Hamilton, Lee; ''Burundi: Ethnic Conflict and Genocide.'' Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1994. * Mealer, Bryan: "All Things Must Fight To Live", 2008. {{ISBN|1-59691-345-2}}. * [[Linda Melvern|Melvern, Linda]], ''Conspiracy to Murder: The Rwandan Genocide and the International Community''. Verso, 2004. * Miller, Eric: "The Inability of Peacekeeping to Address the Security Dilemma", 2010. {{ISBN|978-3-8383-4027-2}}. * Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era'', Third Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, "Chapter Six: Congo in The Sixties: The Bleeding Heart of Africa", pp.&nbsp;147–205, {{ISBN|978-0-9802534-1-2}}; Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Africa and America in The Sixties: A Decade That Changed The Nation and The Destiny of A Continent'', First Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, {{ISBN|978-0-9802534-2-9}}; ''Congo in The Sixties,'' {{ISBN|978-1448665709}}, 2009; ''Africa: Dawn of a New Era,'' {{ISBN|978-9987160488}}, 2015. * Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges, ''The Congo from Leopold to Kabila: A People's History'', 2002. * O'Hanlon, Redmond, ''Congo Journey'', 1996. * O'Hanlon, Redmond, ''No Mercy: A Journey into the Heart of the Congo'', 1998. * Prunier, Gérard, ''Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe'', 2011 (also published as ''From Genocide to Continental War: The Congolese Conflict and the Crisis of Contemporary Africa: The Congo Conflict and the Crisis of Contemporary Africa''). * Renton, David; Seddon, David; Zeilig, Leo. ''The Congo: Plunder and Resistance'', 2007. {{ISBN|978-1-84277-485-4}}. * Reyntjens, Filip, ''The Great African War: Congo and Regional Geopolitics, 1996–2006 '', 2009. * Rorison, Sean, ''Bradt Travel Guide: Congo&nbsp;&nbsp;— Democratic Republic/Republic'', 2008. * Schulz, Manfred. ''Entwicklungsträger in der DR Kongo: Entwicklungen in Politik, Wirtschaft, Religion, Zivilgesellschaft und Kultur'', Berlin: Lit, 2008, (in German) {{ISBN|978-3-8258-0425-1}}. * Stearns, Jason: ''Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: the Collapse of the Congo and the Great War of Africa'', Public Affairs, 2011. * Tayler, Jeffrey, ''Facing the Congo'', 2001. * Turner, Thomas, ''The Congo Wars: Conflict, Myth and Reality'', 2007. * [[David Van Reybrouck|Van Reybrouck]], David, ''Congo: The Epic History of a People'', 2014 * Wrong, Michela, ''In the Footsteps of Mr. Kurtz: Living on the Brink of Disaster in Mobutu's Congo''. {{refend}} == Vigaŵa vya kuwalo == {{Sister project links|voy=Democratic Republic of the Congo|d=Q974}} {{Scholia|topic}} * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13283212 Country Profile] from the [[BBC News]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222023329/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/congo-democratic-republic-of-the/ Democratic Republic of the Congo]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080727023932/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/DRCongo.htm Democratic Republic of the Congo] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{curlie|Regional/Africa/Congo,_Democratic_Republic_of_the}} * {{Wikiatlas|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} * {{osmrelation-inline|192795}} * [http://www.globalissues.org/article/87/the-democratic-republic-of-congo The Democratic Republic of Congo from Global Issues] * {{cite web |url=http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/zaire.html |title=Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=Africa South of the Sahara: Selected Internet Resources |publisher=Stanford University |editor=Karen Fung|ref=none}} {{DRC topics}} {{Navboxes |list = {{Countries of Africa}} {{Southern African Development Community}} {{African Union}} {{La Francophonie}} }} {{Authority control}} {{coord|-3|24|display=title|type:country}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Congo, Democratic Republic Of The}} [[Category:Democratic 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["Infobox_UK_constituency/year"] = 2200, ["Infobox_UK_legislation"] = 6400, ["Infobox_UK_place"] = 27000, ["Infobox_UK_place/NoDialCode"] = 8200, ["Infobox_UK_place/NoPostCode"] = 3700, ["Infobox_UK_place/area"] = 2700, ["Infobox_UK_place/dens"] = 2300, ["Infobox_UK_place/dist"] = 2800, ["Infobox_UK_place/local"] = 27000, ["Infobox_UK_place/styles.css"] = 27000, ["Infobox_UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site"] = 2100, ["Infobox_UN_resolution"] = 2300, ["Infobox_US_Supreme_Court_case"] = 4800, ["Infobox_US_Supreme_Court_case/courts"] = 4800, ["Infobox_United_States_legislative_district"] = 2700, ["Infobox_United_States_legislative_district/representative"] = 2700, ["Infobox_Wikipedia_user"] = 12000, ["Infobox_academic"] = 27000, ["Infobox_aircraft"] = 13000, ["Infobox_aircraft/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Infobox_aircraft_occurrence"] = 2900, ["Infobox_airline"] = 4800, ["Infobox_airline/styles.css"] = 4800, ["Infobox_airport"] = 14000, ["Infobox_airport/datatable"] = 13000, ["Infobox_airport/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Infobox_album"] = 169000, ["Infobox_album/color"] = 209000, ["Infobox_album/link"] = 169000, ["Infobox_anatomy"] = 4500, ["Infobox_animanga/Footer"] = 7800, ["Infobox_animanga/Header"] = 7800, ["Infobox_animanga/Print"] = 6700, ["Infobox_animanga/Video"] = 5100, ["Infobox_architect"] = 4500, ["Infobox_artist"] = 35000, ["Infobox_artist_discography"] = 6500, ["Infobox_artwork"] = 16000, ["Infobox_automobile"] = 9300, ["Infobox_award"] = 16000, ["Infobox_badminton_player"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_biography"] = 30000, ["Infobox_baseball_biography/style"] = 30000, ["Infobox_baseball_biography/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season/leagueseason"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season/season"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Infobox_basketball_biography"] = 23000, ["Infobox_basketball_biography/style"] = 23000, ["Infobox_basketball_club"] = 3300, ["Infobox_basketball_club/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Infobox_beauty_pageant"] = 2200, ["Infobox_bilateral_relations"] = 5000, ["Infobox_bishop_styles"] = 2500, ["Infobox_body_of_water"] = 19000, ["Infobox_book"] = 63000, ["Infobox_book/styles.css"] = 63000, ["Infobox_boxer"] = 6500, ["Infobox_brand"] = 2200, ["Infobox_brand/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Infobox_bridge"] = 6800, ["Infobox_building"] = 34000, ["Infobox_bus_company"] = 2000, ["Infobox_cemetery"] = 2100, ["Infobox_character"] = 8500, ["Infobox_character/styles.css"] = 8500, ["Infobox_chess_biography"] = 4800, ["Infobox_chess_player"] = 3800, ["Infobox_church"] = 17000, ["Infobox_church/denomination"] = 17000, ["Infobox_church/font_color"] = 17000, ["Infobox_civil_conflict"] = 3200, ["Infobox_civilian_attack"] = 7700, ["Infobox_college_coach"] = 13000, ["Infobox_college_football_game"] = 2300, ["Infobox_college_football_player"] = 2600, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/link"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/name"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/succession"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/team"] = 45000, ["Infobox_comedian"] = 2200, ["Infobox_comic_book_title"] = 3200, ["Infobox_comics_character"] = 3500, ["Infobox_comics_creator"] = 3600, ["Infobox_comics_creator/styles.css"] = 3600, ["Infobox_company"] = 93000, ["Infobox_company/styles.css"] = 93000, ["Infobox_computing_device"] = 2600, ["Infobox_concert"] = 3900, ["Infobox_constituency"] = 7900, ["Infobox_country"] = 7200, ["Infobox_country/formernext"] = 6700, ["Infobox_country/imagetable"] = 5600, ["Infobox_country/multirow"] = 9300, ["Infobox_country/status_text"] = 3100, ["Infobox_country/styles.css"] = 7300, ["Infobox_country_at_games"] = 17000, ["Infobox_country_at_games/core"] = 17000, ["Infobox_country_at_games/see_also"] = 14000, ["Infobox_court_case"] = 5300, ["Infobox_court_case/images"] = 2900, ["Infobox_court_case/styles.css"] = 5300, ["Infobox_cricket_tournament"] = 2800, ["Infobox_cricketer"] = 32000, ["Infobox_cricketer/career"] = 32000, ["Infobox_cricketer/national_side"] = 7700, ["Infobox_criminal"] = 7800, ["Infobox_curler"] = 2800, ["Infobox_cycling_race_report"] = 5000, ["Infobox_cyclist"] = 17000, ["Infobox_dam"] = 5900, ["Infobox_deity"] = 2200, ["Infobox_deity/color"] = 2200, ["Infobox_designation_list"] = 32000, ["Infobox_designation_list/entry"] = 23000, ["Infobox_dim"] = 6400, ["Infobox_diocese"] = 4100, ["Infobox_drug"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/chemical_formula"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/data_page_link"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatATC"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatCASnumber"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChEBI"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChEMBL"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChemDBNIAID"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChemSpider"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatCompTox"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatDrugBank"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatIUPHARBPS"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatJmol"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatKEGG"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatPDBligand"] = 11000, ["Infobox_drug/formatPubChemCID"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatPubChemSID"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatUNII"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/legal_status"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/licence"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/maintenance_categories"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/non-ref-space"] = 4000, ["Infobox_drug/pregnancy_category"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/styles.css"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/title"] = 12000, ["Infobox_economist"] = 2000, ["Infobox_election"] = 41000, ["Infobox_election/shortname"] = 2600, ["Infobox_election/styles.css"] = 41000, ["Infobox_enzyme"] = 5100, ["Infobox_ethnic_group"] = 8100, ["Infobox_event"] = 7800, ["Infobox_family"] = 2800, ["Infobox_field_hockey_player"] = 2600, ["Infobox_figure_skater"] = 4000, ["Infobox_film"] = 170000, ["Infobox_film/short_description"] = 166000, ["Infobox_film_awards"] = 3200, ["Infobox_film_awards/link"] = 3200, ["Infobox_film_awards/style"] = 3200, ["Infobox_film_or_theatre_festival"] = 2100, ["Infobox_food"] = 7800, ["Infobox_football_biography"] = 219000, ["Infobox_football_club"] = 30000, ["Infobox_football_club_season"] = 24000, ["Infobox_football_league"] = 2800, ["Infobox_football_league_season"] = 22000, ["Infobox_football_match"] = 6800, ["Infobox_football_tournament"] = 2200, ["Infobox_football_tournament_season"] = 9400, ["Infobox_former_subdivision"] = 3700, ["Infobox_former_subdivision/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Infobox_galaxy"] = 3400, ["Infobox_game"] = 3200, ["Infobox_game_score"] = 3800, ["Infobox_games"] = 2100, ["Infobox_gene"] = 13000, ["Infobox_given_name"] = 4100, ["Infobox_golfer"] = 4900, ["Infobox_golfer/highest_ranking"] = 4900, ["Infobox_government_agency"] = 13000, ["Infobox_government_cabinet"] = 3600, ["Infobox_gridiron_football_biography"] = 40000, ["Infobox_gridiron_football_biography/position"] = 39000, ["Infobox_gridiron_football_team_season"] = 4100, ["Infobox_gymnast"] = 5900, ["Infobox_handball_biography"] = 5600, ["Infobox_historic_site"] = 22000, ["Infobox_holiday"] = 2200, ["Infobox_holiday/date"] = 2200, ["Infobox_horseraces"] = 2700, ["Infobox_hospital"] = 7000, ["Infobox_hospital/care_system"] = 7000, ["Infobox_hospital/lists"] = 7000, ["Infobox_hurling_championship"] = 2700, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_biography"] = 21000, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_player"] = 18000, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_team"] = 3300, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_team_season"] = 2200, ["Infobox_international_football_competition"] = 6800, ["Infobox_islands"] = 9700, ["Infobox_islands/area"] = 10000, ["Infobox_islands/density"] = 10000, ["Infobox_islands/length"] = 9700, ["Infobox_islands/styles.css"] = 9700, ["Infobox_journal"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Abbreviation_search"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Bluebook_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Former_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/ISO_4_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/ISSN-eISSN"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Indexing_search"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/MathSciNet_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/NLM_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/frequency"] = 9100, ["Infobox_journal/openaccess"] = 2700, ["Infobox_judoka"] = 2800, ["Infobox_lake"] = 3800, ["Infobox_language"] = 10000, ["Infobox_language/family-color"] = 12000, ["Infobox_language/genetic"] = 7000, ["Infobox_language/lingualist"] = 11000, ["Infobox_language/linguistlist"] = 10000, ["Infobox_language/ref"] = 7400, ["Infobox_law_enforcement_agency"] = 2200, ["Infobox_legislation"] = 2800, ["Infobox_legislative_district"] = 2300, ["Infobox_legislative_election"] = 2700, ["Infobox_legislative_election/row"] = 2600, ["Infobox_legislative_election/styles.css"] = 2700, ["Infobox_legislative_term"] = 2100, ["Infobox_legislature"] = 4400, ["Infobox_library"] = 2500, ["Infobox_lighthouse"] = 2600, ["Infobox_lighthouse/light"] = 2700, ["Infobox_locomotive"] = 5000, ["Infobox_magazine"] = 8300, ["Infobox_manner_of_address"] = 4200, ["Infobox_martial_artist"] = 6300, ["Infobox_martial_artist/record"] = 6300, ["Infobox_medal_templates"] = 478000, ["Infobox_medical_condition"] = 9900, ["Infobox_medical_condition_(new)"] = 6300, ["Infobox_medical_details"] = 2600, ["Infobox_medical_person"] = 2500, ["Infobox_militant_organization"] = 2200, ["Infobox_military_conflict"] = 28000, ["Infobox_military_installation"] = 11000, ["Infobox_military_person"] = 54000, ["Infobox_military_unit"] = 29000, ["Infobox_mine"] = 2300, ["Infobox_mineral"] = 2000, ["Infobox_mobile_phone"] = 2500, ["Infobox_mobile_phone/size"] = 2100, ["Infobox_mobile_phone/weight"] = 2200, ["Infobox_model"] = 2400, ["Infobox_monument"] = 2800, ["Infobox_mountain"] = 30000, ["Infobox_multi-sport_competition_event"] = 2900, ["Infobox_museum"] = 12000, ["Infobox_musical_artist"] = 131000, ["Infobox_musical_artist/hCard_class"] = 122000, ["Infobox_musical_composition"] = 3700, ["Infobox_name"] = 8800, ["Infobox_name_module"] = 9500, ["Infobox_newspaper"] = 11000, ["Infobox_newspaper/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Infobox_noble"] = 7800, ["Infobox_officeholder"] = 281000, ["Infobox_officeholder/office"] = 289000, ["Infobox_official_post"] = 9900, ["Infobox_organization"] = 43000, ["Infobox_pageant_titleholder"] = 3100, ["Infobox_park"] = 10000, ["Infobox_person"] = 623000, ["Infobox_person/Wikidata"] = 5000, ["Infobox_person/height"] = 116000, ["Infobox_person/length"] = 7700, ["Infobox_person/weight"] = 74000, ["Infobox_philosopher"] = 3800, ["Infobox_planet"] = 4800, ["Infobox_play"] = 4600, ["Infobox_political_party"] = 16000, ["Infobox_power_station"] = 3400, ["Infobox_prepared_food"] = 2500, ["Infobox_professional_wrestler"] = 4800, ["Infobox_professional_wrestling_event"] = 3400, ["Infobox_protected_area"] = 15000, ["Infobox_protein_family"] = 2200, ["Infobox_publisher"] = 2600, ["Infobox_racehorse"] = 6000, ["Infobox_racing_driver"] = 5900, ["Infobox_racing_driver_series_section"] = 2900, ["Infobox_radio_station"] = 22000, ["Infobox_radio_station/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Infobox_rail"] = 3200, ["Infobox_rail_line"] = 8100, ["Infobox_rail_service"] = 3300, ["Infobox_reality_competition_season"] = 4300, ["Infobox_record_label"] = 4200, ["Infobox_recurring_event"] = 8100, ["Infobox_religious_biography"] = 7200, ["Infobox_religious_building"] = 15000, ["Infobox_religious_building/color"] = 21000, ["Infobox_restaurant"] = 4700, ["Infobox_river"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/calcunit"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/discharge"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/row-style"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/source"] = 32000, ["Infobox_road"] = 25000, ["Infobox_road/meta/mask/category"] = 24000, ["Infobox_road/meta/mask/country"] = 25000, ["Infobox_road/styles.css"] = 26000, ["Infobox_road_small"] = 2500, ["Infobox_rockunit"] = 6500, ["Infobox_royalty"] = 26000, ["Infobox_royalty/short_description"] = 8800, ["Infobox_rugby_biography"] = 19000, ["Infobox_rugby_biography/correct_date"] = 19000, ["Infobox_rugby_biography/depcheck"] = 19000, ["Infobox_rugby_league_biography"] = 11000, ["Infobox_rugby_league_biography/PLAYER"] = 11000, ["Infobox_rugby_team"] = 2700, ["Infobox_sailboat_specifications"] = 2300, ["Infobox_saint"] = 5500, ["Infobox_school"] = 40000, ["Infobox_school/short_description"] = 40000, ["Infobox_school/styles.css"] = 40000, ["Infobox_school_district"] = 6500, ["Infobox_school_district/styles.css"] = 6500, ["Infobox_scientist"] = 57000, ["Infobox_settlement"] = 597000, ["Infobox_settlement/areadisp"] = 259000, ["Infobox_settlement/columns"] = 108000, ["Infobox_settlement/columns/styles.css"] = 108000, ["Infobox_settlement/densdisp"] = 458000, ["Infobox_settlement/lengthdisp"] = 182000, ["Infobox_settlement/link"] = 108000, ["Infobox_settlement/styles.css"] = 597000, ["Infobox_ship"] = 43000, ["Infobox_ship/career"] = 39000, ["Infobox_ship/characteristics"] = 43000, ["Infobox_ship/class_overview"] = 4400, ["Infobox_ship/image"] = 42000, ["Infobox_ship/service_record"] = 2500, ["Infobox_shopping_mall"] = 3800, ["Infobox_short_story"] = 2700, ["Infobox_skier"] = 2700, ["Infobox_soap_character"] = 3100, ["Infobox_social_media_personality"] = 4400, ["Infobox_software"] = 14000, ["Infobox_software/simple"] = 15000, ["Infobox_song"] = 84000, ["Infobox_song/color"] = 84000, ["Infobox_song/link"] = 84000, ["Infobox_song_contest_national_year"] = 2000, ["Infobox_song_contest_national_year/Year"] = 2100, ["Infobox_spaceflight"] = 4100, ["Infobox_spaceflight/styles.css"] = 4100, ["Infobox_speed_skater"] = 2000, ["Infobox_sport_event"] = 2800, ["Infobox_sports_competition_event"] = 24000, ["Infobox_sports_competition_event/medalrow"] = 15000, ["Infobox_sports_league"] = 5700, ["Infobox_sports_season"] = 7000, ["Infobox_sports_team"] = 2300, ["Infobox_sportsperson"] = 160000, ["Infobox_stadium"] = 2600, ["Infobox_station"] = 58000, ["Infobox_station/services"] = 58000, ["Infobox_station/styles.css"] = 58000, ["Infobox_street"] = 4500, ["Infobox_swimmer"] = 11000, ["Infobox_television"] = 64000, ["Infobox_television/Short_description"] = 62000, ["Infobox_television/styles.css"] = 64000, ["Infobox_television_channel"] = 6700, ["Infobox_television_channel/styles.css"] = 6700, ["Infobox_television_episode"] = 13000, ["Infobox_television_episode/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Infobox_television_season"] = 11000, ["Infobox_television_station"] = 3200, ["Infobox_television_station/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Infobox_tennis_biography"] = 11000, ["Infobox_tennis_event"] = 3400, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament"] = 2000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament/heading"] = 2000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament/style"] = 2000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_event"] = 22000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_year"] = 11000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_year/color"] = 33000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_year/footer"] = 33000, ["Infobox_tournament_season"] = 13000, ["Infobox_train"] = 2600, ["Infobox_university"] = 26000, ["Infobox_user"] = 3000, ["Infobox_venue"] = 20000, ["Infobox_video_game"] = 30000, ["Infobox_video_game/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Infobox_volleyball_biography"] = 5900, ["Infobox_weapon"] = 8100, ["Infobox_weather_event"] = 3500, ["Infobox_weather_event/Effects"] = 3400, ["Infobox_weather_event/Footer"] = 3400, ["Infobox_weather_event/History"] = 3300, ["Infobox_weather_event/SSHWS"] = 2000, ["Infobox_weather_event/meteorology"] = 3200, ["Infobox_weather_event/scale"] = 2100, ["Infobox_weather_event/styles.css"] = 3500, ["Infobox_website"] = 8300, ["Infobox_writer"] = 45000, ["Information"] = 98000, ["Information/styles.css"] = 98000, ["Inlang"] = 2400, ["Inline"] = 3800, ["Inline_block"] = 5400, ["Inprogress"] = 2600, ["Input_link"] = 32000, ["Instagram"] = 21000, ["InterSportStats"] = 6000, ["Interlanguage_link"] = 302000, ["Interlanguage_link_multi"] = 9400, ["International_Paralympic_Committee"] = 4300, ["International_football_primary_link"] = 3500, ["International_football_primary_style"] = 3600, ["International_football_secondary_style"] = 3400, ["Internet_Archive"] = 2200, ["Internet_Archive_SCOTUS_URL"] = 3300, ["Internet_Archive_author"] = 19000, ["Internet_Archive_film"] = 2600, ["Intitle"] = 22000, ["Ip"] = 2100, ["Iptalk"] = 18000, ["IranCensus2006"] = 29000, ["IranNCSGN"] = 3100, ["Iran_Census_2006"] = 29000, ["Irish_place_name"] = 3000, ["IsIPAddress"] = 45000, ["IsValidPageName"] = 3400, ["Is_MLB_league"] = 3300, ["Is_NPB_league"] = 3300, ["Is_continent"] = 13000, ["Is_country_in_Central_America"] = 17000, ["Is_country_in_the_Caribbean"] = 17000, ["Is_interwiki_link"] = 6500, ["Is_italic_taxon"] = 654000, ["Is_redirect"] = 384000, ["Is_time"] = 6700, ["Is_valid_page_name"] = 3400, ["Isbn"] = 10000, ["Isnum"] = 3000, ["Isnumeric"] = 121000, ["Iso2continent"] = 87000, ["Iso2country"] = 26000, ["Iso2country/article"] = 25000, ["Iso2country/data"] = 26000, ["Issubst"] = 64000, ["Italic_dab2"] = 5900, ["Italic_disambiguation"] = 2400, ["Italic_title"] = 258000, ["Italic_title_prefixed"] = 8800, ["Italictitle"] = 3000, ["Ivmbox"] = 142000, ["Ivory_messagebox"] = 189000, ["Ivory_messagebox/styles.css"] = 189000, ["Module:I18n/complex_date"] = 48000, ["Module:IP"] = 149000, ["Module:IPA"] = 184000, ["Module:IPA/data"] = 167000, ["Module:IPA/styles.css"] = 152000, ["Module:IPA_symbol"] = 6800, ["Module:IPA_symbol/data"] = 6800, ["Module:IPAc-en"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAc-en/data"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAc-en/phonemes"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAc-en/pronunciation"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAddress"] = 253000, ["Module:ISO_3166"] = 918000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/AT"] = 2500, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/BA"] = 3400, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CA"] = 2600, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CH"] = 4200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CN"] = 2800, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CZ"] = 6600, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/DE"] = 15000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/ES"] = 3700, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/FR"] = 38000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/GB"] = 7200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/GR"] = 3500, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/IN"] = 29000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/IR"] = 24000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/IT"] = 2500, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/National"] = 918000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/PL"] = 7600, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/RS"] = 3200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/RU"] = 27000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/UA"] = 2200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/US"] = 86000, ["Module:ISO_639_name"] = 34000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-1"] = 29000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-2"] = 21000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-2B"] = 20000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-3"] = 20000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-3_(dep)"] = 34000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-5"] = 19000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639_deprecated"] = 34000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639_name_to_code"] = 4600, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639_override"] = 34000, ["Module:ISOdate"] = 48000, ["Module:Ice_hockey_box"] = 2000, ["Module:Icon"] = 679000, ["Module:Icon/data"] = 679000, ["Module:Icon_box"] = 262000, ["Module:Icon_box/data"] = 262000, ["Module:If_any_equal"] = 255000, ["Module:If_empty"] = 6760000, ["Module:If_in_category"] = 164000, ["Module:If_in_page"] = 22000, ["Module:If_not_given_or_empty"] = 90000, ["Module:If_preview"] = 1750000, ["Module:If_preview/configuration"] = 1750000, ["Module:If_preview/styles.css"] = 1750000, ["Module:In_lang"] = 389000, ["Module:Indent"] = 2300, ["Module:Infobox"] = 4700000, ["Module:Infobox/dates"] = 78000, ["Module:Infobox/styles.css"] = 4960000, ["Module:Infobox/utilities"] = 2600, ["Module:Infobox3cols"] = 321000, ["Module:InfoboxBuilder"] = 2600, ["Module:InfoboxImage"] = 5630000, ["Module:InfoboxImage/data"] = 3360000, ["Module:Infobox_body_of_water_tracking"] = 19000, ["Module:Infobox_cyclist_tracking"] = 17000, ["Module:Infobox_dim"] = 380000, ["Module:Infobox_dim/data"] = 233000, ["Module:Infobox_election"] = 42000, ["Module:Infobox_gene"] = 13000, ["Module:Infobox_gene/orthologs"] = 13000, ["Module:Infobox_mapframe"] = 1680000, ["Module:Infobox_military_conflict"] = 28000, ["Module:Infobox_military_conflict/styles.css"] = 28000, ["Module:Infobox_multi-lingual_name"] = 24000, ["Module:Infobox_multi-lingual_name/data"] = 24000, ["Module:Infobox_power_station"] = 3400, ["Module:Infobox_road"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/browselinks"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/errors"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_road/length"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/locations"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_road/map"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_road/route"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/sections"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_ship"] = 43000, ["Module:Infobox_ship/data"] = 43000, ["Module:Infobox_ship/styles.css"] = 43000, ["Module:Infobox_television"] = 64000, ["Module:Infobox_television_disambiguation_check"] = 72000, ["Module:Infobox_television_episode"] = 13000, ["Module:Infobox_television_season_disambiguation_check"] = 10000, ["Module:Infobox_television_season_name"] = 11000, ["Module:Internet_Archive"] = 22000, ["Module:Is_article"] = 2400, ["Module:Is_infobox_in_lead"] = 462000, ["Module:Is_instance"] = 354000, ["Module:Iso2nationality"] = 96000, ["Module:Italic_title"] = 1260000, ["Module:Italic_title2"] = 5900, } 25izyckg8bn7l7bae15pkts8m899ksp 121166 121165 2026-09-04T22:10:27Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/I]] 121165 Scribunto text/plain return { ["IAST"] = 6300, ["IA_SCOTUS_URL"] = 3300, ["IBDB_name"] = 9800, ["ICD10"] = 5000, ["ICD9"] = 4400, ["ICS"] = 3500, ["ICS_flag"] = 3500, ["IDN"] = 3800, ["IMDb_episode"] = 11000, ["IMDb_episodes"] = 4200, ["IMDb_name"] = 173000, ["IMDb_title"] = 211000, ["IMO_Number"] = 4500, ["IMSLP"] = 9200, ["INA"] = 2400, ["IND"] = 8600, ["INR"] = 6500, ["INRConvert"] = 6700, ["INRConvert/CurrentRate"] = 6700, ["INRConvert/USD"] = 6600, ["INRConvert/out"] = 6700, ["IOBDB_name"] = 2100, ["IP"] = 2800, ["IPA"] = 182000, ["IPA_audio_link"] = 5100, ["IPA_link"] = 5100, ["IPAblink"] = 2600, ["IPAc-cmn"] = 2800, ["IPAc-en"] = 56000, ["IPAc-pl"] = 51000, ["IPSummary"] = 82000, ["IP_summary"] = 83000, ["IPtalk"] = 18000, ["IPuser"] = 7600, ["IPvandal"] = 2800, ["IRC"] = 7300, ["IRI"] = 2500, ["IRL"] = 6100, ["IRN"] = 4000, ["ISBN"] = 475000, ["ISBN?"] = 2500, ["ISBNT"] = 46000, ["ISBN_missing"] = 3200, ["ISFDB_name"] = 4300, ["ISFDB_title"] = 5100, ["ISL"] = 2300, ["ISO_15924/script-example-character"] = 3100, ["ISO_15924/wp-article"] = 3100, ["ISO_15924/wp-article/format"] = 3100, ["ISO_15924/wp-article/label"] = 3000, ["ISO_3166_code"] = 248000, ["ISO_3166_name"] = 16000, ["ISO_639_name"] = 28000, ["ISP"] = 3700, ["ISR"] = 5900, ["ISSN"] = 12000, ["ISSN_link"] = 33000, ["ISTAT"] = 8100, ["ISU_figure_skater"] = 2300, ["ITA"] = 20000, ["ITF"] = 6800, ["ITF_profile"] = 2600, ["ITIS"] = 5900, ["ITN_talk"] = 13000, ["ITN_talk/date"] = 13000, ["IUCN_banner"] = 15000, ["I_sup"] = 4900, ["Ice_hockey_box"] = 2000, ["Ice_hockey_stats"] = 20000, ["Icehockeystats"] = 11000, ["Icelandic_name"] = 2100, ["Icon"] = 666000, ["If"] = 434000, ["If_all"] = 7800, ["If_autoconfirmed"] = 2200, ["If_between"] = 4800, ["If_both"] = 208000, ["If_dark"] = 4000, ["If_dark/styles.css"] = 4000, ["If_either"] = 22000, ["If_empty"] = 6720000, ["If_first_display_both"] = 122000, ["If_in_category"] = 164000, ["If_in_page"] = 22000, ["If_last_display_both"] = 38000, ["If_mobile"] = 2100, ["If_mobile/styles.css"] = 3100, ["If_preview"] = 66000, ["If_then_show"] = 121000, ["Ifempty"] = 943000, ["Ifeq"] = 83000, ["Iferror_then_show"] = 4000, ["Ifexist_not_redirect"] = 1920000, ["Ifnotempty"] = 18000, ["Ifnoteq_then_show"] = 2300, ["Ifnumber"] = 76000, ["Ifsubst"] = 1020000, ["Ih"] = 8100, ["Ill"] = 255000, ["Illm"] = 5900, ["Image_frame"] = 6200, ["Image_label"] = 4700, ["Image_label_begin"] = 4100, ["Image_label_end"] = 4100, ["Image_label_small"] = 2600, ["Image_needed"] = 4500, ["Image_other"] = 190000, ["Image_requested"] = 136000, ["Image_requested/Category_helper"] = 126000, ["Imbox"] = 999000, ["Imdb_name"] = 5300, ["Imdb_title"] = 2800, ["Importance"] = 15000, ["Importance/colour"] = 30000, ["Importance_mask"] = 622000, ["Improve_categories"] = 7400, ["Improve_documentation"] = 4200, ["Improve_plot"] = 4100, ["In_class"] = 5600, ["In_lang"] = 389000, ["In_progress"] = 3800, ["In_string"] = 307000, ["In_title"] = 30000, ["Inactive_userpage_blanked"] = 3800, ["Inaturalist_taxon"] = 3800, ["Include-USGov"] = 25000, ["Incomplete_list"] = 24000, ["Inconclusive"] = 2300, ["Increase"] = 61000, ["Incumbent_pope"] = 4400, ["Indent"] = 2300, ["Indented_plain_list"] = 2700, ["Indented_plainlist"] = 2600, ["Independent_sources"] = 10000, ["IndexFungorum"] = 2100, ["Indian_English"] = 5000, ["Indian_railway_code"] = 3600, ["Indian_rupee"] = 12000, ["Inflation"] = 27000, ["Inflation-fn"] = 5800, ["Inflation-year"] = 4300, ["Inflation/IN/startyear"] = 6700, ["Inflation/UK"] = 5500, ["Inflation/UK/dataset"] = 5500, ["Inflation/UK/startyear"] = 5500, ["Inflation/US"] = 16000, ["Inflation/US-GDP"] = 3000, ["Inflation/US-GDP/dataset"] = 3000, ["Inflation/US-GDP/startyear"] = 3000, ["Inflation/US/dataset"] = 16000, ["Inflation/US/startyear"] = 16000, ["Inflation/fn"] = 7500, ["Inflation/year"] = 34000, ["Info"] = 5600, ["Infobox"] = 3420000, ["Infobox/Columns"] = 3300, ["Infobox/mobileviewfix.css"] = 175000, ["Infobox/styles-images.css"] = 20000, ["Infobox3cols"] = 28000, ["Infobox_AFL_biography"] = 15000, ["Infobox_Athletics_Championships"] = 3400, ["Infobox_Australian_place"] = 15000, ["Infobox_Australian_place/styles.css"] = 15000, ["Infobox_Australian_place/table"] = 11000, ["Infobox_COA_wide"] = 3700, ["Infobox_Canada_electoral_district"] = 2600, ["Infobox_Chinese"] = 24000, ["Infobox_Chinese/Chinese"] = 3200, ["Infobox_Chinese/Footer"] = 7200, ["Infobox_Chinese/Header"] = 7200, ["Infobox_Christian_leader"] = 23000, ["Infobox_French_commune"] = 38000, ["Infobox_French_subdivision"] = 2200, ["Infobox_Gaelic_games_biography"] = 5500, ["Infobox_Gaelic_games_player"] = 3000, ["Infobox_German_location"] = 11000, ["Infobox_German_place"] = 14000, ["Infobox_Grand_Prix_race_report"] = 2200, ["Infobox_Greece_place"] = 3600, ["Infobox_Greek_Dimos"] = 2900, ["Infobox_Hindu_temple"] = 2900, ["Infobox_Indian_constituency"] = 5800, ["Infobox_Indian_constituency/defaultdata"] = 5800, ["Infobox_Italian_comune"] = 8100, ["Infobox_Korean"] = 2200, ["Infobox_Korean/auto"] = 14000, ["Infobox_Korean/auto/categories"] = 14000, ["Infobox_Korean/base"] = 2200, ["Infobox_Korean/base/auto"] = 18000, ["Infobox_Korean/categories"] = 2200, ["Infobox_Korean_name"] = 2200, ["Infobox_Korean_name/auto"] = 14000, ["Infobox_Korean_television_name"] = 3400, ["Infobox_NASCAR_driver"] = 2400, ["Infobox_NASCAR_race_report"] = 2700, ["Infobox_NCAA_basketball_conference_tournament"] = 2100, ["Infobox_NCAA_team_season"] = 10000, ["Infobox_NFL_biography"] = 27000, ["Infobox_NFL_team_season"] = 2300, ["Infobox_NRHP"] = 74000, ["Infobox_NRHP/conv"] = 19000, ["Infobox_NRHP/locmapin2region"] = 68000, ["Infobox_Olympic_event"] = 8100, ["Infobox_Olympic_event/event_link"] = 8100, ["Infobox_Olympic_event/games_text"] = 8100, ["Infobox_Pan_American_Games_event"] = 2900, ["Infobox_Paralympic_event"] = 2900, ["Infobox_Paralympic_event/games_text"] = 2900, ["Infobox_Romanian_subdivision"] = 3200, ["Infobox_Russian_district"] = 2100, ["Infobox_Russian_inhabited_locality"] = 4700, ["Infobox_Russian_inhabited_locality/PosMapFS"] = 4200, ["Infobox_Russian_inhabited_locality/federal_subject"] = 4700, ["Infobox_SCOTUS_case"] = 4600, ["Infobox_SSSI"] = 2000, ["Infobox_Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest"] = 2100, ["Infobox_Slovak_place"] = 3000, ["Infobox_Swiss_town"] = 2900, ["Infobox_Switzerland_municipality"] = 2900, ["Infobox_Turkey_place"] = 20000, ["Infobox_U.S._county"] = 3000, ["Infobox_U.S._county/district"] = 3000, ["Infobox_U.S._legislation"] = 2100, ["Infobox_UK_constituency"] = 2200, ["Infobox_UK_constituency/year"] = 2200, ["Infobox_UK_legislation"] = 6400, ["Infobox_UK_place"] = 27000, ["Infobox_UK_place/NoDialCode"] = 8200, ["Infobox_UK_place/NoPostCode"] = 3700, ["Infobox_UK_place/area"] = 2700, ["Infobox_UK_place/dens"] = 2300, ["Infobox_UK_place/dist"] = 2800, ["Infobox_UK_place/local"] = 27000, ["Infobox_UK_place/styles.css"] = 27000, ["Infobox_UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site"] = 2100, ["Infobox_UN_resolution"] = 2300, ["Infobox_US_Supreme_Court_case"] = 4800, ["Infobox_US_Supreme_Court_case/courts"] = 4800, ["Infobox_United_States_legislative_district"] = 2700, ["Infobox_United_States_legislative_district/representative"] = 2700, ["Infobox_Wikipedia_user"] = 12000, ["Infobox_academic"] = 27000, ["Infobox_aircraft"] = 13000, ["Infobox_aircraft/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Infobox_aircraft_occurrence"] = 2900, ["Infobox_airline"] = 4800, ["Infobox_airline/styles.css"] = 4800, ["Infobox_airport"] = 14000, ["Infobox_airport/datatable"] = 13000, ["Infobox_airport/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Infobox_album"] = 169000, ["Infobox_album/color"] = 209000, ["Infobox_album/link"] = 169000, ["Infobox_anatomy"] = 4500, ["Infobox_animanga/Footer"] = 7800, ["Infobox_animanga/Header"] = 7800, ["Infobox_animanga/Print"] = 6700, ["Infobox_animanga/Video"] = 5100, ["Infobox_architect"] = 4500, ["Infobox_artist"] = 35000, ["Infobox_artist_discography"] = 6500, ["Infobox_artwork"] = 16000, ["Infobox_automobile"] = 9300, ["Infobox_award"] = 16000, ["Infobox_badminton_player"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_biography"] = 30000, ["Infobox_baseball_biography/style"] = 30000, ["Infobox_baseball_biography/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season/leagueseason"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season/season"] = 3300, ["Infobox_baseball_team_season/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Infobox_basketball_biography"] = 23000, ["Infobox_basketball_biography/style"] = 23000, ["Infobox_basketball_club"] = 3300, ["Infobox_basketball_club/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Infobox_beauty_pageant"] = 2200, ["Infobox_bilateral_relations"] = 5000, ["Infobox_bishop_styles"] = 2500, ["Infobox_body_of_water"] = 19000, ["Infobox_book"] = 63000, ["Infobox_book/styles.css"] = 63000, ["Infobox_boxer"] = 6500, ["Infobox_brand"] = 2200, ["Infobox_brand/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Infobox_bridge"] = 6800, ["Infobox_building"] = 34000, ["Infobox_bus_company"] = 2000, ["Infobox_cemetery"] = 2100, ["Infobox_character"] = 8500, ["Infobox_character/styles.css"] = 8500, ["Infobox_chess_biography"] = 4800, ["Infobox_chess_player"] = 3800, ["Infobox_church"] = 17000, ["Infobox_church/denomination"] = 17000, ["Infobox_church/font_color"] = 17000, ["Infobox_civil_conflict"] = 3200, ["Infobox_civilian_attack"] = 7700, ["Infobox_college_coach"] = 13000, ["Infobox_college_football_game"] = 2300, ["Infobox_college_football_player"] = 2600, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/link"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/name"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/succession"] = 45000, ["Infobox_college_sports_team_season/team"] = 45000, ["Infobox_comedian"] = 2200, ["Infobox_comic_book_title"] = 3200, ["Infobox_comics_character"] = 3500, ["Infobox_comics_creator"] = 3600, ["Infobox_comics_creator/styles.css"] = 3600, ["Infobox_company"] = 93000, ["Infobox_company/styles.css"] = 93000, ["Infobox_computing_device"] = 2600, ["Infobox_concert"] = 3900, ["Infobox_constituency"] = 7900, ["Infobox_country"] = 7200, ["Infobox_country/formernext"] = 6700, ["Infobox_country/imagetable"] = 5600, ["Infobox_country/multirow"] = 9300, ["Infobox_country/status_text"] = 3100, ["Infobox_country/styles.css"] = 7300, ["Infobox_country_at_games"] = 17000, ["Infobox_country_at_games/core"] = 17000, ["Infobox_country_at_games/see_also"] = 14000, ["Infobox_court_case"] = 5300, ["Infobox_court_case/images"] = 2900, ["Infobox_court_case/styles.css"] = 5300, ["Infobox_cricket_tournament"] = 2800, ["Infobox_cricketer"] = 32000, ["Infobox_cricketer/career"] = 32000, ["Infobox_cricketer/national_side"] = 7700, ["Infobox_criminal"] = 7800, ["Infobox_curler"] = 2800, ["Infobox_cycling_race_report"] = 5000, ["Infobox_cyclist"] = 17000, ["Infobox_dam"] = 5900, ["Infobox_deity"] = 2200, ["Infobox_deity/color"] = 2200, ["Infobox_designation_list"] = 32000, ["Infobox_designation_list/entry"] = 23000, ["Infobox_dim"] = 6400, ["Infobox_diocese"] = 4100, ["Infobox_drug"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/chemical_formula"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/data_page_link"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatATC"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatCASnumber"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChEBI"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChEMBL"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChemDBNIAID"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatChemSpider"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatCompTox"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatDrugBank"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatIUPHARBPS"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatJmol"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatKEGG"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatPDBligand"] = 11000, ["Infobox_drug/formatPubChemCID"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatPubChemSID"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/formatUNII"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/legal_status"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/licence"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/maintenance_categories"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/non-ref-space"] = 4000, ["Infobox_drug/pregnancy_category"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/styles.css"] = 12000, ["Infobox_drug/title"] = 12000, ["Infobox_economist"] = 2000, ["Infobox_election"] = 41000, ["Infobox_election/shortname"] = 2600, ["Infobox_election/styles.css"] = 41000, ["Infobox_enzyme"] = 5100, ["Infobox_ethnic_group"] = 8100, ["Infobox_event"] = 7800, ["Infobox_family"] = 2800, ["Infobox_field_hockey_player"] = 2600, ["Infobox_figure_skater"] = 4000, ["Infobox_film"] = 170000, ["Infobox_film/short_description"] = 166000, ["Infobox_film_awards"] = 3200, ["Infobox_film_awards/link"] = 3200, ["Infobox_film_awards/style"] = 3200, ["Infobox_film_or_theatre_festival"] = 2100, ["Infobox_food"] = 7800, ["Infobox_football_biography"] = 219000, ["Infobox_football_club"] = 30000, ["Infobox_football_club_season"] = 24000, ["Infobox_football_league"] = 2800, ["Infobox_football_league_season"] = 22000, ["Infobox_football_match"] = 6800, ["Infobox_football_tournament"] = 2200, ["Infobox_football_tournament_season"] = 9400, ["Infobox_former_subdivision"] = 3700, ["Infobox_former_subdivision/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Infobox_galaxy"] = 3400, ["Infobox_game"] = 3200, ["Infobox_game_score"] = 3800, ["Infobox_games"] = 2100, ["Infobox_gene"] = 13000, ["Infobox_given_name"] = 4100, ["Infobox_golfer"] = 4900, ["Infobox_golfer/highest_ranking"] = 4900, ["Infobox_government_agency"] = 13000, ["Infobox_government_cabinet"] = 3600, ["Infobox_gridiron_football_biography"] = 40000, ["Infobox_gridiron_football_biography/position"] = 39000, ["Infobox_gridiron_football_team_season"] = 4100, ["Infobox_gymnast"] = 5900, ["Infobox_handball_biography"] = 5600, ["Infobox_historic_site"] = 22000, ["Infobox_holiday"] = 2200, ["Infobox_holiday/date"] = 2200, ["Infobox_horseraces"] = 2700, ["Infobox_hospital"] = 7000, ["Infobox_hospital/care_system"] = 7000, ["Infobox_hospital/lists"] = 7000, ["Infobox_hurling_championship"] = 2700, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_biography"] = 21000, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_player"] = 18000, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_team"] = 3300, ["Infobox_ice_hockey_team_season"] = 2200, ["Infobox_international_football_competition"] = 6800, ["Infobox_islands"] = 9700, ["Infobox_islands/area"] = 10000, ["Infobox_islands/density"] = 10000, ["Infobox_islands/length"] = 9700, ["Infobox_islands/styles.css"] = 9700, ["Infobox_journal"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Abbreviation_search"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Bluebook_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Former_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/ISO_4_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/ISSN-eISSN"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/Indexing_search"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/MathSciNet_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/NLM_check"] = 10000, ["Infobox_journal/frequency"] = 9100, ["Infobox_journal/openaccess"] = 2700, ["Infobox_judoka"] = 2800, ["Infobox_lake"] = 3800, ["Infobox_language"] = 10000, ["Infobox_language/family-color"] = 12000, ["Infobox_language/genetic"] = 7000, ["Infobox_language/lingualist"] = 11000, ["Infobox_language/linguistlist"] = 10000, ["Infobox_language/ref"] = 7400, ["Infobox_law_enforcement_agency"] = 2200, ["Infobox_legislation"] = 2800, ["Infobox_legislative_district"] = 2300, ["Infobox_legislative_election"] = 2700, ["Infobox_legislative_election/row"] = 2600, ["Infobox_legislative_election/styles.css"] = 2700, ["Infobox_legislative_term"] = 2100, ["Infobox_legislature"] = 4400, ["Infobox_library"] = 2500, ["Infobox_lighthouse"] = 2600, ["Infobox_lighthouse/light"] = 2700, ["Infobox_locomotive"] = 5000, ["Infobox_magazine"] = 8300, ["Infobox_manner_of_address"] = 4200, ["Infobox_martial_artist"] = 6300, ["Infobox_martial_artist/record"] = 6300, ["Infobox_medal_templates"] = 478000, ["Infobox_medical_condition"] = 9900, ["Infobox_medical_condition_(new)"] = 6300, ["Infobox_medical_details"] = 2600, ["Infobox_medical_person"] = 2500, ["Infobox_militant_organization"] = 2200, ["Infobox_military_conflict"] = 28000, ["Infobox_military_installation"] = 11000, ["Infobox_military_person"] = 54000, ["Infobox_military_unit"] = 29000, ["Infobox_mine"] = 2300, ["Infobox_mineral"] = 2000, ["Infobox_mobile_phone"] = 2500, ["Infobox_mobile_phone/size"] = 2100, ["Infobox_mobile_phone/weight"] = 2200, ["Infobox_model"] = 2400, ["Infobox_monument"] = 2800, ["Infobox_mountain"] = 30000, ["Infobox_multi-sport_competition_event"] = 2900, ["Infobox_museum"] = 12000, ["Infobox_musical_artist"] = 131000, ["Infobox_musical_artist/hCard_class"] = 122000, ["Infobox_musical_composition"] = 3700, ["Infobox_name"] = 8800, ["Infobox_name_module"] = 9500, ["Infobox_newspaper"] = 11000, ["Infobox_newspaper/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Infobox_noble"] = 7800, ["Infobox_officeholder"] = 281000, ["Infobox_officeholder/office"] = 289000, ["Infobox_official_post"] = 9900, ["Infobox_organization"] = 43000, ["Infobox_pageant_titleholder"] = 3100, ["Infobox_park"] = 10000, ["Infobox_person"] = 623000, ["Infobox_person/Wikidata"] = 5000, ["Infobox_person/height"] = 116000, ["Infobox_person/length"] = 7700, ["Infobox_person/weight"] = 74000, ["Infobox_philosopher"] = 3800, ["Infobox_planet"] = 4800, ["Infobox_play"] = 4600, ["Infobox_political_party"] = 16000, ["Infobox_power_station"] = 3400, ["Infobox_prepared_food"] = 2500, ["Infobox_professional_wrestler"] = 4800, ["Infobox_professional_wrestling_event"] = 3400, ["Infobox_protected_area"] = 15000, ["Infobox_protein_family"] = 2200, ["Infobox_publisher"] = 2600, ["Infobox_racehorse"] = 6000, ["Infobox_racing_driver"] = 5900, ["Infobox_racing_driver_series_section"] = 2900, ["Infobox_radio_station"] = 22000, ["Infobox_radio_station/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Infobox_rail"] = 3200, ["Infobox_rail_line"] = 8100, ["Infobox_rail_service"] = 3300, ["Infobox_reality_competition_season"] = 4300, ["Infobox_record_label"] = 4200, ["Infobox_recurring_event"] = 8100, ["Infobox_religious_biography"] = 7200, ["Infobox_religious_building"] = 15000, ["Infobox_religious_building/color"] = 21000, ["Infobox_restaurant"] = 4700, ["Infobox_river"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/calcunit"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/discharge"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/row-style"] = 32000, ["Infobox_river/source"] = 32000, ["Infobox_road"] = 25000, ["Infobox_road/meta/mask/category"] = 24000, ["Infobox_road/meta/mask/country"] = 25000, ["Infobox_road/styles.css"] = 26000, ["Infobox_road_small"] = 2500, ["Infobox_rockunit"] = 6500, ["Infobox_royalty"] = 26000, ["Infobox_royalty/short_description"] = 8800, ["Infobox_rugby_biography"] = 19000, ["Infobox_rugby_biography/correct_date"] = 19000, ["Infobox_rugby_biography/depcheck"] = 19000, ["Infobox_rugby_league_biography"] = 11000, ["Infobox_rugby_league_biography/PLAYER"] = 11000, ["Infobox_rugby_team"] = 2700, ["Infobox_sailboat_specifications"] = 2300, ["Infobox_saint"] = 5500, ["Infobox_school"] = 40000, ["Infobox_school/short_description"] = 40000, ["Infobox_school/styles.css"] = 40000, ["Infobox_school_district"] = 6500, ["Infobox_school_district/styles.css"] = 6500, ["Infobox_scientist"] = 57000, ["Infobox_settlement"] = 597000, ["Infobox_settlement/areadisp"] = 259000, ["Infobox_settlement/columns"] = 108000, ["Infobox_settlement/columns/styles.css"] = 108000, ["Infobox_settlement/densdisp"] = 458000, ["Infobox_settlement/lengthdisp"] = 182000, ["Infobox_settlement/link"] = 108000, ["Infobox_settlement/styles.css"] = 597000, ["Infobox_ship"] = 43000, ["Infobox_ship/career"] = 39000, ["Infobox_ship/characteristics"] = 43000, ["Infobox_ship/class_overview"] = 4400, ["Infobox_ship/image"] = 42000, ["Infobox_ship/service_record"] = 2500, ["Infobox_shopping_mall"] = 3800, ["Infobox_short_story"] = 2700, ["Infobox_skier"] = 2700, ["Infobox_soap_character"] = 3100, ["Infobox_social_media_personality"] = 4400, ["Infobox_software"] = 14000, ["Infobox_software/simple"] = 15000, ["Infobox_song"] = 84000, ["Infobox_song/color"] = 84000, ["Infobox_song/link"] = 84000, ["Infobox_song_contest_national_year"] = 2000, ["Infobox_song_contest_national_year/Year"] = 2100, ["Infobox_spaceflight"] = 4100, ["Infobox_spaceflight/styles.css"] = 4100, ["Infobox_speed_skater"] = 2000, ["Infobox_sport_event"] = 2800, ["Infobox_sports_competition_event"] = 24000, ["Infobox_sports_competition_event/medalrow"] = 15000, ["Infobox_sports_league"] = 5700, ["Infobox_sports_season"] = 7000, ["Infobox_sports_team"] = 2300, ["Infobox_sportsperson"] = 160000, ["Infobox_stadium"] = 2600, ["Infobox_station"] = 58000, ["Infobox_station/services"] = 58000, ["Infobox_station/styles.css"] = 58000, ["Infobox_street"] = 4500, ["Infobox_swimmer"] = 11000, ["Infobox_television"] = 64000, ["Infobox_television/Short_description"] = 62000, ["Infobox_television/styles.css"] = 64000, ["Infobox_television_channel"] = 6700, ["Infobox_television_channel/styles.css"] = 6700, ["Infobox_television_episode"] = 13000, ["Infobox_television_episode/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Infobox_television_season"] = 11000, ["Infobox_television_station"] = 3200, ["Infobox_television_station/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Infobox_tennis_biography"] = 11000, ["Infobox_tennis_event"] = 3400, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament"] = 2000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament/heading"] = 2000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament/style"] = 2000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_event"] = 22000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_year"] = 11000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_year/color"] = 33000, ["Infobox_tennis_tournament_year/footer"] = 33000, ["Infobox_tournament_season"] = 13000, ["Infobox_train"] = 2600, ["Infobox_university"] = 26000, ["Infobox_user"] = 3000, ["Infobox_venue"] = 20000, ["Infobox_video_game"] = 30000, ["Infobox_video_game/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Infobox_volleyball_biography"] = 5900, ["Infobox_weapon"] = 8100, ["Infobox_weather_event"] = 3500, ["Infobox_weather_event/Effects"] = 3400, ["Infobox_weather_event/Footer"] = 3400, ["Infobox_weather_event/History"] = 3300, ["Infobox_weather_event/SSHWS"] = 2000, ["Infobox_weather_event/meteorology"] = 3200, ["Infobox_weather_event/scale"] = 2100, ["Infobox_weather_event/styles.css"] = 3500, ["Infobox_website"] = 8300, ["Infobox_writer"] = 45000, ["Information"] = 98000, ["Information/styles.css"] = 98000, ["Inlang"] = 2400, ["Inline"] = 3800, ["Inline_block"] = 5400, ["Inprogress"] = 2600, ["Input_link"] = 32000, ["Instagram"] = 21000, ["InterSportStats"] = 6000, ["Interlanguage_link"] = 302000, ["Interlanguage_link_multi"] = 9400, ["International_Paralympic_Committee"] = 4300, ["International_football_primary_link"] = 3500, ["International_football_primary_style"] = 3600, ["International_football_secondary_style"] = 3400, ["Internet_Archive"] = 2200, ["Internet_Archive_SCOTUS_URL"] = 3300, ["Internet_Archive_author"] = 19000, ["Internet_Archive_film"] = 2600, ["Intitle"] = 22000, ["Ip"] = 2100, ["Iptalk"] = 18000, ["IranCensus2006"] = 29000, ["IranNCSGN"] = 3100, ["Iran_Census_2006"] = 29000, ["Irish_place_name"] = 3000, ["IsIPAddress"] = 45000, ["IsValidPageName"] = 3400, ["Is_MLB_league"] = 3300, ["Is_NPB_league"] = 3300, ["Is_continent"] = 13000, ["Is_country_in_Central_America"] = 17000, ["Is_country_in_the_Caribbean"] = 17000, ["Is_interwiki_link"] = 6500, ["Is_italic_taxon"] = 654000, ["Is_redirect"] = 384000, ["Is_time"] = 6700, ["Is_valid_page_name"] = 3400, ["Isbn"] = 10000, ["Isnum"] = 3000, ["Isnumeric"] = 121000, ["Iso2continent"] = 87000, ["Iso2country"] = 26000, ["Iso2country/article"] = 25000, ["Iso2country/data"] = 26000, ["Issubst"] = 64000, ["Italic_dab2"] = 5900, ["Italic_disambiguation"] = 2400, ["Italic_title"] = 258000, ["Italic_title_prefixed"] = 8800, ["Italictitle"] = 3000, ["Ivmbox"] = 142000, ["Ivory_messagebox"] = 189000, ["Ivory_messagebox/styles.css"] = 189000, ["Module:I18n/complex_date"] = 48000, ["Module:IP"] = 149000, ["Module:IPA"] = 184000, ["Module:IPA/data"] = 167000, ["Module:IPA/styles.css"] = 152000, ["Module:IPA_symbol"] = 6800, ["Module:IPA_symbol/data"] = 6800, ["Module:IPAc-en"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAc-en/data"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAc-en/phonemes"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAc-en/pronunciation"] = 56000, ["Module:IPAddress"] = 253000, ["Module:ISO_3166"] = 918000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/AT"] = 2500, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/BA"] = 3400, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CA"] = 2600, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CH"] = 4200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CN"] = 2800, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/CZ"] = 6600, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/DE"] = 15000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/ES"] = 3700, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/FR"] = 38000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/GB"] = 7200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/GR"] = 3500, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/IN"] = 29000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/IR"] = 24000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/IT"] = 2500, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/National"] = 918000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/PL"] = 7600, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/RS"] = 3200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/RU"] = 27000, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/UA"] = 2200, ["Module:ISO_3166/data/US"] = 86000, ["Module:ISO_639_name"] = 34000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-1"] = 29000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-2"] = 21000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-2B"] = 20000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-3"] = 20000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-3_(dep)"] = 34000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639-5"] = 19000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639_deprecated"] = 34000, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639_name_to_code"] = 4600, ["Module:ISO_639_name/ISO_639_override"] = 34000, ["Module:ISOdate"] = 48000, ["Module:Ice_hockey_box"] = 2000, ["Module:Icon"] = 679000, ["Module:Icon/data"] = 679000, ["Module:Icon_box"] = 262000, ["Module:Icon_box/data"] = 262000, ["Module:If_any_equal"] = 255000, ["Module:If_empty"] = 6760000, ["Module:If_in_category"] = 164000, ["Module:If_in_page"] = 22000, ["Module:If_not_given_or_empty"] = 90000, ["Module:If_preview"] = 1750000, ["Module:If_preview/configuration"] = 1750000, ["Module:If_preview/styles.css"] = 1750000, ["Module:In_lang"] = 389000, ["Module:Indent"] = 2300, ["Module:Infobox"] = 4700000, ["Module:Infobox/dates"] = 78000, ["Module:Infobox/styles.css"] = 4960000, ["Module:Infobox/utilities"] = 2600, ["Module:Infobox3cols"] = 321000, ["Module:InfoboxBuilder"] = 2600, ["Module:InfoboxImage"] = 5630000, ["Module:InfoboxImage/data"] = 3360000, ["Module:Infobox_body_of_water_tracking"] = 19000, ["Module:Infobox_cyclist_tracking"] = 17000, ["Module:Infobox_dim"] = 380000, ["Module:Infobox_dim/data"] = 233000, ["Module:Infobox_election"] = 42000, ["Module:Infobox_gene"] = 13000, ["Module:Infobox_gene/orthologs"] = 13000, ["Module:Infobox_mapframe"] = 1680000, ["Module:Infobox_military_conflict"] = 28000, ["Module:Infobox_military_conflict/styles.css"] = 28000, ["Module:Infobox_multi-lingual_name"] = 24000, ["Module:Infobox_multi-lingual_name/data"] = 24000, ["Module:Infobox_power_station"] = 3400, ["Module:Infobox_road"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/browselinks"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/errors"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_road/length"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/locations"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_road/map"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_road/route"] = 26000, ["Module:Infobox_road/sections"] = 25000, ["Module:Infobox_ship"] = 43000, ["Module:Infobox_ship/data"] = 43000, ["Module:Infobox_ship/styles.css"] = 43000, ["Module:Infobox_television"] = 64000, ["Module:Infobox_television_disambiguation_check"] = 72000, ["Module:Infobox_television_episode"] = 13000, ["Module:Infobox_television_season_disambiguation_check"] = 10000, ["Module:Infobox_television_season_name"] = 11000, ["Module:Internet_Archive"] = 22000, ["Module:Is_article"] = 2400, ["Module:Is_infobox_in_lead"] = 462000, ["Module:Is_instance"] = 354000, ["Module:Iso2nationality"] = 96000, ["Module:Italic_title"] = 1260000, ["Module:Italic_title2"] = 5900, } 25izyckg8bn7l7bae15pkts8m899ksp 10 15104 121555 37263 2025-08-04T23:52:55Z en>Theknightwho 0 Make substable. 121555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#switch: <!--If no or empty "page" parameter then detect basepage/subpage/subsubpage--> {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{{page}}}|0|3}} | subsubpage <noinclude><!-- Subsubpage or lower --></noinclude> | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{{page}}}|0|2}} | subpage | basepage }} }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>FULLPAGENAME}}|0|3}} | subsubpage <noinclude><!-- Subsubpage or lower --></noinclude> | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>FULLPAGENAME}}|0|2}} | subpage | basepage }} }} }} | basepage = {{{1|}}} | subpage = {{{2|}}} | subsubpage = {{{3| {{{2|}}} }}} <noinclude><!-- Respecting empty parameter on purpose --></noinclude> }}<noinclude><!-- End switch --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> pnrmop1xf89eekro22mpghvvgjgo4qd 121556 121555 2026-09-04T22:19:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:When_on_basepage]] 121555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#switch: <!--If no or empty "page" parameter then detect basepage/subpage/subsubpage--> {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{{page}}}|0|3}} | subsubpage <noinclude><!-- Subsubpage or lower --></noinclude> | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{{page}}}|0|2}} | subpage | basepage }} }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>FULLPAGENAME}}|0|3}} | subsubpage <noinclude><!-- Subsubpage or lower --></noinclude> | {{safesubst:<noinclude/>#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#titleparts:{{safesubst:<noinclude/>FULLPAGENAME}}|0|2}} | subpage | basepage }} }} }} | basepage = {{{1|}}} | subpage = {{{2|}}} | subsubpage = {{{3| {{{2|}}} }}} <noinclude><!-- Respecting empty parameter on purpose --></noinclude> }}<noinclude><!-- End switch --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> pnrmop1xf89eekro22mpghvvgjgo4qd 828 15215 121173 107093 2026-08-30T05:10:30Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121173 Scribunto text/plain return { ["M"] = 2700, ["MAD"] = 2200, ["MAR"] = 3100, ["MAS"] = 3000, ["MDA"] = 2100, ["MDG"] = 2400, ["MEX"] = 6900, ["MINUTE"] = 2300, ["MKD"] = 2600, ["MLB_Farm_System"] = 2200, ["MLB_Year"] = 17000, ["MLB_standings"] = 3900, ["MLB_standings/styles.css"] = 4000, ["MLBplayer"] = 4000, ["MMA_record_start"] = 3800, ["MMArecordbox"] = 3800, ["MMSI_Number"] = 3400, ["MONTH"] = 27000, ["MONTHNAME"] = 641000, ["MONTHNUMBER"] = 682000, ["MS"] = 5800, ["MV"] = 9900, ["MYS"] = 4200, ["MacTutor"] = 2100, ["Main"] = 391000, ["Main_article"] = 27000, ["Main_category"] = 2000, ["Main_other"] = 12700000, ["Main_page_image"] = 34000, ["Main_page_image/DYK"] = 16000, ["Main_page_image/ITN/styles.css"] = 4700, ["Main_page_image/TFA"] = 6400, ["Maintenance_category"] = 95000, ["Malay_name"] = 2900, ["Map_requested"] = 6000, ["Map_requested/Category_helper"] = 6000, ["Map_scale"] = 27000, ["Maplink"] = 38000, ["Maplink-road"] = 7200, ["Marriage"] = 104000, ["Marriage/styles.css"] = 104000, ["Math"] = 12000, ["MathGenealogy"] = 7600, ["MathWorld"] = 2400, ["Mathgenealogy"] = 2500, ["Max"] = 2300, ["Maybe"] = 2600, ["Maybe_free_media"] = 10000, ["Maybe_pipe"] = 2400, ["Mbox"] = 4490000, ["Mdash"] = 11000, ["MeSH_name"] = 6000, ["Medal"] = 138000, ["MedalBottom"] = 15000, ["MedalBronze"] = 63000, ["MedalComp"] = 3100, ["MedalCompetition"] = 107000, ["MedalCount"] = 4100, ["MedalCountry"] = 95000, ["MedalGold"] = 63000, ["MedalOlympic"] = 4400, ["MedalOlympics"] = 6400, ["MedalSilver"] = 62000, ["MedalSport"] = 91000, ["MedalTableTop"] = 16000, ["MedalTop"] = 2600, ["MedalistTable"] = 17000, ["Medals_table"] = 17000, ["Media"] = 2600, ["MediaWiki_checkbox"] = 16000, ["Medical_resources"] = 7100, ["Merge_done"] = 5400, ["Merged-from"] = 21000, ["Merged-to"] = 24000, ["MeshName"] = 5900, ["Metacritic_film"] = 3800, ["Metacritic_film_prose"] = 4300, ["Metadata_Population_DE-BY"] = 2100, ["Metadata_Population_DE-RP"] = 2400, ["Mi"] = 2600, ["Mid-Class"] = 15000, ["Mid-importance"] = 16000, ["Middot"] = 6600, ["Military_navigation"] = 67000, ["Min"] = 28000, ["Minor_planet"] = 5400, ["Minor_planet_link"] = 2700, ["Minor_planet_list_link"] = 4800, ["Minor_planets_navigator"] = 3200, ["MirrorH"] = 6900, ["Missing_information"] = 4300, ["Mlby"] = 17000, ["Mobile_IP"] = 8300, ["MobyGames"] = 10000, ["Moby_game"] = 7700, ["Mod"] = 8100, ["Module_other"] = 2900, ["Module_rating"] = 2300, ["Modulo"] = 8100, ["Mojo_title"] = 7600, ["Molecular_formula_index"] = 2700, ["Monday"] = 2800, ["Mono"] = 34000, ["Mono/styles.css"] = 35000, ["MonthCategoryNav"] = 28000, ["Month_category_navigation"] = 58000, ["Month_events_in_country_category_header"] = 13000, ["Month_in_country_category_header"] = 13000, ["Month_in_country_category_header/inner_core"] = 13000, ["Month_in_country_category_header/outer_core"] = 13000, ["Month_year_by_continent"] = 2000, ["Month_year_by_country"] = 2000, ["Month_year_events_by_continent"] = 2000, ["Month_year_events_by_country"] = 2000, ["Month_year_sports_events_in_country_category_header"] = 11000, ["Month_year_sports_events_in_country_category_header/core"] = 11000, ["MonthlyArchive"] = 4600, ["Monthly_archive_list"] = 4900, ["Monthly_clean-up_category"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/core"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/monthname"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/monthno"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/name_part"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/outer_core"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/styles.css"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/to_add"] = 3200, ["Monthly_clean_up_category"] = 6200, ["Monthly_links"] = 4900, ["Monthyear"] = 55000, ["Monthyear-1"] = 53000, ["MoreInfo"] = 2400, ["More_citations"] = 2000, ["More_citations_needed"] = 432000, ["More_citations_needed_section"] = 22000, ["More_footnotes"] = 23000, ["More_footnotes_needed"] = 56000, ["More_plot"] = 4100, ["More_references"] = 2600, ["More_sources"] = 2400, ["More_sources_needed"] = 2200, ["Moresources"] = 4100, ["Motor_Ship"] = 5800, ["Motor_Vessel"] = 9900, ["Motorsport_result"] = 2100, ["Motorsport_season"] = 3900, ["Motorsport_season/styles.css"] = 3900, ["Moved_discussion_from"] = 4200, ["Moved_discussion_to"] = 3500, ["Moved_from"] = 2100, ["Mp"] = 5300, ["Mpl"] = 2600, ["Msrslt"] = 2100, ["MultiReplace"] = 244000, ["Multiple_image"] = 70000, ["Multiple_image/styles.css"] = 70000, ["Multiple_issues"] = 134000, ["Multiple_issues/styles.css"] = 134000, ["Music"] = 9700, ["MusicBrainz_artist"] = 2700, ["MusicBrainz_meta"] = 6100, ["MusicBrainz_release_group"] = 2700, ["Music_ratings"] = 102000, ["Mvar"] = 8900, ["Mw_lang"] = 97000, ["My_sandbox"] = 3800, ["Myprefs"] = 15000, ["Module:MLB_standings"] = 4000, ["Module:MLB_standings/data"] = 4000, ["Module:Main_page_image"] = 24000, ["Module:Make_Wikisource_link"] = 20000, ["Module:Mapframe"] = 1690000, ["Module:Math"] = 1680000, ["Module:Medals_table"] = 17000, ["Module:Message_box"] = 21500000, ["Module:Message_box/ambox.css"] = 4040000, ["Module:Message_box/cmbox.css"] = 543000, ["Module:Message_box/configuration"] = 11700000, ["Module:Message_box/fmbox.css"] = 25000, ["Module:Message_box/imbox.css"] = 1010000, ["Module:Message_box/ombox.css"] = 1960000, ["Module:Message_box/tmbox.css"] = 14400000, ["Module:Military_navigation"] = 93000, ["Module:Minor_planet_list_link"] = 4800, ["Module:MultiReplace"] = 2170000, ["Module:Multiple_image"] = 70000, ["Module:Multiple_issues"] = 134000, ["Module:Music_chart"] = 79000, ["Module:Music_chart/album.json"] = 36000, ["Module:Music_chart/chartdata-czech.json"] = 4600, ["Module:Music_chart/single.json"] = 43000, ["Module:Music_ratings"] = 102000, ["Module:Mw_lang"] = 97000, } c8gavpqxlhu65d7ejvmz8nbslohbhvf 121174 121173 2026-09-04T22:10:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/M]] 121173 Scribunto text/plain return { ["M"] = 2700, ["MAD"] = 2200, ["MAR"] = 3100, ["MAS"] = 3000, ["MDA"] = 2100, ["MDG"] = 2400, ["MEX"] = 6900, ["MINUTE"] = 2300, ["MKD"] = 2600, ["MLB_Farm_System"] = 2200, ["MLB_Year"] = 17000, ["MLB_standings"] = 3900, ["MLB_standings/styles.css"] = 4000, ["MLBplayer"] = 4000, ["MMA_record_start"] = 3800, ["MMArecordbox"] = 3800, ["MMSI_Number"] = 3400, ["MONTH"] = 27000, ["MONTHNAME"] = 641000, ["MONTHNUMBER"] = 682000, ["MS"] = 5800, ["MV"] = 9900, ["MYS"] = 4200, ["MacTutor"] = 2100, ["Main"] = 391000, ["Main_article"] = 27000, ["Main_category"] = 2000, ["Main_other"] = 12700000, ["Main_page_image"] = 34000, ["Main_page_image/DYK"] = 16000, ["Main_page_image/ITN/styles.css"] = 4700, ["Main_page_image/TFA"] = 6400, ["Maintenance_category"] = 95000, ["Malay_name"] = 2900, ["Map_requested"] = 6000, ["Map_requested/Category_helper"] = 6000, ["Map_scale"] = 27000, ["Maplink"] = 38000, ["Maplink-road"] = 7200, ["Marriage"] = 104000, ["Marriage/styles.css"] = 104000, ["Math"] = 12000, ["MathGenealogy"] = 7600, ["MathWorld"] = 2400, ["Mathgenealogy"] = 2500, ["Max"] = 2300, ["Maybe"] = 2600, ["Maybe_free_media"] = 10000, ["Maybe_pipe"] = 2400, ["Mbox"] = 4490000, ["Mdash"] = 11000, ["MeSH_name"] = 6000, ["Medal"] = 138000, ["MedalBottom"] = 15000, ["MedalBronze"] = 63000, ["MedalComp"] = 3100, ["MedalCompetition"] = 107000, ["MedalCount"] = 4100, ["MedalCountry"] = 95000, ["MedalGold"] = 63000, ["MedalOlympic"] = 4400, ["MedalOlympics"] = 6400, ["MedalSilver"] = 62000, ["MedalSport"] = 91000, ["MedalTableTop"] = 16000, ["MedalTop"] = 2600, ["MedalistTable"] = 17000, ["Medals_table"] = 17000, ["Media"] = 2600, ["MediaWiki_checkbox"] = 16000, ["Medical_resources"] = 7100, ["Merge_done"] = 5400, ["Merged-from"] = 21000, ["Merged-to"] = 24000, ["MeshName"] = 5900, ["Metacritic_film"] = 3800, ["Metacritic_film_prose"] = 4300, ["Metadata_Population_DE-BY"] = 2100, ["Metadata_Population_DE-RP"] = 2400, ["Mi"] = 2600, ["Mid-Class"] = 15000, ["Mid-importance"] = 16000, ["Middot"] = 6600, ["Military_navigation"] = 67000, ["Min"] = 28000, ["Minor_planet"] = 5400, ["Minor_planet_link"] = 2700, ["Minor_planet_list_link"] = 4800, ["Minor_planets_navigator"] = 3200, ["MirrorH"] = 6900, ["Missing_information"] = 4300, ["Mlby"] = 17000, ["Mobile_IP"] = 8300, ["MobyGames"] = 10000, ["Moby_game"] = 7700, ["Mod"] = 8100, ["Module_other"] = 2900, ["Module_rating"] = 2300, ["Modulo"] = 8100, ["Mojo_title"] = 7600, ["Molecular_formula_index"] = 2700, ["Monday"] = 2800, ["Mono"] = 34000, ["Mono/styles.css"] = 35000, ["MonthCategoryNav"] = 28000, ["Month_category_navigation"] = 58000, ["Month_events_in_country_category_header"] = 13000, ["Month_in_country_category_header"] = 13000, ["Month_in_country_category_header/inner_core"] = 13000, ["Month_in_country_category_header/outer_core"] = 13000, ["Month_year_by_continent"] = 2000, ["Month_year_by_country"] = 2000, ["Month_year_events_by_continent"] = 2000, ["Month_year_events_by_country"] = 2000, ["Month_year_sports_events_in_country_category_header"] = 11000, ["Month_year_sports_events_in_country_category_header/core"] = 11000, ["MonthlyArchive"] = 4600, ["Monthly_archive_list"] = 4900, ["Monthly_clean-up_category"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/core"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/monthname"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/monthno"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/name_part"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/outer_core"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/styles.css"] = 18000, ["Monthly_clean-up_category/to_add"] = 3200, ["Monthly_clean_up_category"] = 6200, ["Monthly_links"] = 4900, ["Monthyear"] = 55000, ["Monthyear-1"] = 53000, ["MoreInfo"] = 2400, ["More_citations"] = 2000, ["More_citations_needed"] = 432000, ["More_citations_needed_section"] = 22000, ["More_footnotes"] = 23000, ["More_footnotes_needed"] = 56000, ["More_plot"] = 4100, ["More_references"] = 2600, ["More_sources"] = 2400, ["More_sources_needed"] = 2200, ["Moresources"] = 4100, ["Motor_Ship"] = 5800, ["Motor_Vessel"] = 9900, ["Motorsport_result"] = 2100, ["Motorsport_season"] = 3900, ["Motorsport_season/styles.css"] = 3900, ["Moved_discussion_from"] = 4200, ["Moved_discussion_to"] = 3500, ["Moved_from"] = 2100, ["Mp"] = 5300, ["Mpl"] = 2600, ["Msrslt"] = 2100, ["MultiReplace"] = 244000, ["Multiple_image"] = 70000, ["Multiple_image/styles.css"] = 70000, ["Multiple_issues"] = 134000, ["Multiple_issues/styles.css"] = 134000, ["Music"] = 9700, ["MusicBrainz_artist"] = 2700, ["MusicBrainz_meta"] = 6100, ["MusicBrainz_release_group"] = 2700, ["Music_ratings"] = 102000, ["Mvar"] = 8900, ["Mw_lang"] = 97000, ["My_sandbox"] = 3800, ["Myprefs"] = 15000, ["Module:MLB_standings"] = 4000, ["Module:MLB_standings/data"] = 4000, ["Module:Main_page_image"] = 24000, ["Module:Make_Wikisource_link"] = 20000, ["Module:Mapframe"] = 1690000, ["Module:Math"] = 1680000, ["Module:Medals_table"] = 17000, ["Module:Message_box"] = 21500000, ["Module:Message_box/ambox.css"] = 4040000, ["Module:Message_box/cmbox.css"] = 543000, ["Module:Message_box/configuration"] = 11700000, ["Module:Message_box/fmbox.css"] = 25000, ["Module:Message_box/imbox.css"] = 1010000, ["Module:Message_box/ombox.css"] = 1960000, ["Module:Message_box/tmbox.css"] = 14400000, ["Module:Military_navigation"] = 93000, ["Module:Minor_planet_list_link"] = 4800, ["Module:MultiReplace"] = 2170000, ["Module:Multiple_image"] = 70000, ["Module:Multiple_issues"] = 134000, ["Module:Music_chart"] = 79000, ["Module:Music_chart/album.json"] = 36000, ["Module:Music_chart/chartdata-czech.json"] = 4600, ["Module:Music_chart/single.json"] = 43000, ["Module:Music_ratings"] = 102000, ["Module:Mw_lang"] = 97000, } c8gavpqxlhu65d7ejvmz8nbslohbhvf 828 15653 121251 116972 2026-08-30T05:11:30Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121251 Scribunto text/plain return { ["S"] = 4300, ["S-aca"] = 6700, ["S-ach"] = 17000, ["S-aft"] = 230000, ["S-aft/check"] = 230000, ["S-aft/filter"] = 230000, ["S-bef"] = 235000, ["S-bef/check"] = 235000, ["S-bef/filter"] = 235000, ["S-break"] = 6600, ["S-bus"] = 2100, ["S-civ"] = 2900, ["S-dip"] = 6000, ["S-end"] = 262000, ["S-gov"] = 8600, ["S-hon"] = 4000, ["S-hou"] = 9800, ["S-inc"] = 13000, ["S-legal"] = 9900, ["S-line_label"] = 2000, ["S-mil"] = 13000, ["S-new"] = 17000, ["S-non"] = 11000, ["S-npo"] = 4200, ["S-off"] = 43000, ["S-par"] = 52000, ["S-par/en"] = 3300, ["S-par/gb"] = 3300, ["S-par/uk"] = 12000, ["S-par/us-hs"] = 12000, ["S-par/us-sen"] = 2100, ["S-ppo"] = 15000, ["S-prec"] = 3200, ["S-reg"] = 22000, ["S-rel"] = 19000, ["S-roy"] = 2800, ["S-sports"] = 12000, ["S-start"] = 254000, ["S-ttl"] = 242000, ["S-ttl/check"] = 242000, ["S-vac"] = 7800, ["SAU"] = 2100, ["SCO"] = 3800, ["SDcat"] = 6810000, ["SECOND"] = 2300, ["SGP"] = 2900, ["SIA"] = 2500, ["SLL"] = 2000, ["SLO"] = 4900, ["SMS"] = 6800, ["SMU"] = 2400, ["SPI_archive_notice"] = 85000, ["SPIarchive_notice"] = 82000, ["SPIcat"] = 3800, ["SPIclose"] = 3300, ["SPIpriorcases"] = 78000, ["SR/Olympics_profile"] = 2200, ["SRB"] = 4400, ["SS"] = 22000, ["SSPa"] = 2600, ["STN"] = 11000, ["SUBJECTSPACE_formatted"] = 44000, ["SUI"] = 9600, ["SVG"] = 2700, ["SVG-Logo"] = 26000, ["SVG-Res"] = 24000, ["SVG-logo"] = 14000, ["SVK"] = 8700, ["SVN"] = 5900, ["SWE"] = 13000, ["Salts_by_element"] = 2200, ["Sandbox_other"] = 469000, ["Saturday"] = 2800, ["Saved_book"] = 52000, ["Sc"] = 2900, ["Scholia"] = 3700, ["School_block"] = 13000, ["School_disambiguation"] = 3500, ["Schoolblock"] = 6900, ["Schooldis"] = 2700, ["Schoolip"] = 12000, ["Scientist_icon"] = 16000, ["Scientist_icon2"] = 16000, ["Sclass"] = 34000, ["Sclass2"] = 11000, ["Screen_reader-only"] = 108000, ["Screen_reader-only/styles.css"] = 148000, ["Script"] = 7600, ["Script/Arabic"] = 4000, ["Script/Hebrew"] = 4900, ["Script/Nastaliq"] = 15000, ["Script/doc/id-unk"] = 3200, ["Script/doc/id-unk/core"] = 3200, ["Script/doc/id-unk/is-iso-alpha4"] = 3200, ["Script/doc/id-unk/name-to-alpha4"] = 3200, ["Script/styles.css"] = 3400, ["Script/styles_arabic.css"] = 4000, ["Script/styles_hebrew.css"] = 4900, ["Sdash"] = 4000, ["Search_box"] = 74000, ["Search_link"] = 27000, ["Section_link"] = 166000, ["Section_sizes"] = 4300, ["See"] = 8900, ["See_also"] = 218000, ["Seealso"] = 7900, ["Seiner_Majestät_Schiff"] = 6800, ["Seiner_Majestät_Unterseeboot"] = 2400, ["Select_skin"] = 5500, ["Selected"] = 2000, ["Selected_article"] = 2500, ["Selected_picture"] = 2400, ["Self"] = 44000, ["Self-published_inline"] = 4700, ["Self-published_source"] = 6100, ["Self-reference"] = 2200, ["Self-reference_tool"] = 8200, ["Sent_off"] = 17000, ["Sentoff"] = 6200, ["Sequence"] = 4100, ["Series_overview"] = 10000, ["Serif"] = 5000, ["Set_category"] = 38000, ["Set_index_article"] = 6300, ["Sets_taxobox_colour"] = 3400, ["Sfn"] = 210000, ["SfnRef"] = 165000, ["Sfn_whitelist"] = 2600, ["Sfnm"] = 5900, ["Sfnp"] = 24000, ["Sfnref"] = 18000, ["Sfrac"] = 5100, ["Sfrac/styles.css"] = 5200, ["SharedIPEDU"] = 3300, ["Shared_IP"] = 10000, ["Shared_IP_corp"] = 4100, ["Shared_IP_edu"] = 186000, ["Shared_IP_gov"] = 2300, ["Sharedip"] = 3000, ["Sharedipedu"] = 3800, ["Sherdog"] = 2700, ["Ship"] = 42000, ["Ship_index"] = 7600, ["Shipboxflag"] = 21000, ["Shipboxflag/core"] = 21000, ["Shipwrecks_navbox_footer"] = 11000, ["Shipwrecks_navbox_footer/link"] = 11000, ["Short_description"] = 6950000, ["Short_description/lowercasecheck"] = 6950000, ["Shortcut"] = 22000, ["Should_be_SVG"] = 8200, ["Shy"] = 2200, ["Sic"] = 39000, ["Side_box"] = 1250000, ["Sidebar"] = 320000, ["Sidebar_games_events"] = 42000, ["Sidebar_person"] = 4900, ["Sidebar_person/styles.css"] = 6300, ["Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"] = 83000, ["Sigfig"] = 4100, ["Significant_figures"] = 5700, ["Significant_figures/rnd"] = 5300, ["Signpost-subscription"] = 2100, ["Signpost-subscription/styles.css"] = 2100, ["Signpost/item"] = 49000, ["Signpost/item/core"] = 49000, ["Signpost/snippet-nopic"] = 3400, ["Signpost/snippet/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Sildb_prim"] = 2200, ["Silver02"] = 18000, ["Silver2"] = 46000, ["Silver_medal"] = 6700, ["Silver_medal_icon"] = 60000, ["Similar_names"] = 3400, ["Single+double"] = 11000, ["Single+space"] = 17000, ["Single-innings_cricket_match"] = 4000, ["Single_chart"] = 43000, ["Single_namespace"] = 338000, ["Single_source"] = 3000, ["Singlechart"] = 12000, ["Singles"] = 49000, ["Sister-inline"] = 223000, ["Sister-inline/styles.css"] = 223000, ["Sister_project"] = 1130000, ["Sister_project/styles.css"] = 1130000, ["Sister_project_links"] = 14000, ["Skip_to_talk"] = 12000, ["Skip_to_talk/styles.css"] = 12000, ["Sky"] = 3300, ["Sky/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Slink"] = 66000, ["Slovak_municipality"] = 3000, ["Slovak_municipality/geo"] = 2800, ["Small"] = 652000, ["Small_Solar_System_bodies"] = 3600, ["Smallcaps"] = 21000, ["Smallcaps/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Smalldiv"] = 43000, ["Smaller"] = 79000, ["Smiley"] = 54000, ["Snd"] = 613000, ["Snds"] = 6500, ["Soccer_icon"] = 124000, ["Soccer_icon2"] = 124000, ["Soccer_icon4"] = 3500, ["Soccerbase"] = 13000, ["Soccerbase_season"] = 8000, ["Soccerway"] = 84000, ["Sock"] = 56000, ["Sock_list"] = 11000, ["Sockcat"] = 2000, ["Sockmaster"] = 10000, ["Sockpuppet"] = 286000, ["Sockpuppet/altmaster"] = 3700, ["Sockpuppet/categorise"] = 286000, ["SockpuppetCheckuser"] = 5500, ["Sockpuppet_category"] = 52000, ["Sockpuppet_category/confirmed"] = 28000, ["Sockpuppet_category/suspected"] = 24000, ["Sockpuppetcheckuser"] = 3600, ["Sockpuppeteer"] = 29000, ["Soft_hyphen"] = 2300, ["Soft_redirect"] = 6500, ["Soft_redirect_protection"] = 10000, ["Softredirect"] = 3300, ["Solar_luminosity"] = 5200, ["Solar_mass"] = 6500, ["Solar_radius"] = 5200, ["Soldier_icon"] = 3900, ["Soldier_icon2"] = 3900, ["Songs_category"] = 9600, ["Songs_category/core"] = 9600, ["Sort"] = 122000, ["Sort_under"] = 2200, ["Sort_under/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Sortname"] = 64000, ["Source-attribution"] = 9200, ["Source_assess"] = 2700, ["Source_assess_table"] = 2700, ["Source_attribution"] = 39000, ["Source_check"] = 927000, ["Sourcecheck"] = 927000, ["Sources"] = 3600, ["Sources_exist"] = 4200, ["South_America_topic"] = 2700, ["Sp"] = 164000, ["Space"] = 130000, ["Space+apostrophe+s"] = 27000, ["Space+double"] = 7200, ["Space+single"] = 15000, ["Spaced_en_dash"] = 647000, ["Spaced_en_dash_space"] = 6600, ["Spaced_ndash"] = 22000, ["Spaces"] = 734000, ["Spain_metadata_Wikidata"] = 7400, ["Spamlink"] = 14000, ["Species_Latin_name_abbreviation_disambiguation"] = 2400, ["Species_list"] = 25000, ["Speciesbox"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/checkgenus"] = 392000, ["Speciesbox/getGenus"] = 395000, ["Speciesbox/getSpecies"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/name"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/parameterCheck"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/trim"] = 394000, ["Specieslist"] = 9300, ["Split_article"] = 4200, ["Spnd"] = 4800, ["Spoken_Wikipedia"] = 2200, ["Sport_icon"] = 16000, ["Sport_icon2"] = 17000, ["SportsYearCatUSstate"] = 6700, ["Sports_club_or_team_people_category_header"] = 14000, ["Sports_club_or_team_people_category_header/category1"] = 14000, ["Sports_club_or_team_people_category_header/club_name"] = 14000, ["Sports_links"] = 81000, ["Sports_reference"] = 5100, ["Squad_maintenance"] = 3800, ["Sronly"] = 49000, ["Srt"] = 7200, ["Stack"] = 30000, ["Stack/styles.css"] = 41000, ["Stack_begin"] = 12000, ["Stack_end"] = 12000, ["StaleIP"] = 3600, ["StandardEbooks"] = 2400, ["Standings_table_end"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_entry"] = 25000, ["Standings_table_entry/record"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start/colheader"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start/colspan"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start/styles.css"] = 64000, ["Starbox_astrometry"] = 5700, ["Starbox_begin"] = 5800, ["Starbox_catalog"] = 5700, ["Starbox_character"] = 5700, ["Starbox_detail"] = 5600, ["Starbox_end"] = 5800, ["Starbox_image"] = 4000, ["Starbox_observe"] = 5800, ["Starbox_reference"] = 5700, ["Start-Class"] = 18000, ["Start-date"] = 2300, ["Start_and_end_dates"] = 3700, ["Start_box"] = 5500, ["Start_date"] = 548000, ["Start_date_and_age"] = 188000, ["Start_date_and_years_ago"] = 4000, ["Start_date_text"] = 3900, ["Start_of_course_timeline"] = 5800, ["Start_of_course_week"] = 6000, ["Start_tab"] = 6700, ["Startflatlist"] = 163000, ["Startplainlist"] = 2200, ["Static_IP"] = 5000, ["Static_row_numbers"] = 2900, ["Static_row_numbers/styles.css"] = 2900, ["Station"] = 22000, ["Station_link"] = 19000, ["Stdinchicite"] = 10000, ["Steady"] = 19000, ["Sticky_header"] = 9600, ["Sticky_header/styles.css"] = 27000, ["Stl"] = 17000, ["Stn"] = 11000, ["Stn_art_lnk"] = 2200, ["Stnlnk"] = 35000, ["Stop"] = 2000, ["Store_norske_leksikon"] = 2500, ["Storm_colour"] = 5800, ["Storm_name"] = 2400, ["Storm_path"] = 2200, ["Stortingetbio"] = 2100, ["StoryTeleplay"] = 3200, ["Str_count"] = 166000, ["Str_endswith"] = 236000, ["Str_find"] = 283000, ["Str_index"] = 15000, ["Str_left"] = 339000, ["Str_len"] = 167000, ["Str_letter"] = 184000, ["Str_letter/trim"] = 21000, ["Str_number"] = 7200, ["Str_number/trim"] = 225000, ["Str_rep"] = 299000, ["Str_right"] = 7100, ["Str_startswith"] = 2900, ["Str_trim"] = 4200, ["Str_≠_len"] = 48000, ["Str_≤_len"] = 2900, ["Str_≥_len"] = 105000, ["Strfind_short"] = 5400, ["Strike"] = 2300, ["Strikethrough"] = 20000, ["String_split"] = 5300, ["Strip_tags"] = 41000, ["Strong"] = 214000, ["Structurae"] = 2100, ["Stub-Class"] = 18000, ["Stub_Category"] = 14000, ["Stub_category"] = 21000, ["Stub_documentation"] = 42000, ["Student_editor"] = 27000, ["Student_sandbox"] = 4300, ["Student_table_row"] = 7100, ["Students_table"] = 7100, ["Su"] = 4800, ["Su-census1989"] = 4600, ["Sub"] = 4600, ["Subinfobox_bodystyle"] = 75000, ["Subject_bar"] = 21000, ["Suboff"] = 7500, ["Subon"] = 7600, ["Subpage_other"] = 410000, ["Subscription_required"] = 36000, ["Subsidebar_bodystyle"] = 6400, ["Subst_only"] = 5500, ["Substituted_comment"] = 19000, ["Succession_box"] = 119000, ["Succession_box/check"] = 119000, ["Succession_links"] = 218000, ["Summer_Olympics_by_year_category_navigation"] = 2500, ["Summer_Olympics_by_year_category_navigation/core"] = 2500, ["Sunday"] = 2800, ["Sup"] = 95000, ["Suppress_categories"] = 6600, ["Surname"] = 80000, ["Swiss_metadata_Wikidata"] = 2900, ["Swiss_populations"] = 2400, ["Swiss_populations_NC"] = 3000, ["Swiss_populations_YM"] = 2300, ["Swiss_populations_ref"] = 2400, ["Switcher"] = 8400, ["Sz"] = 2500, ["Module:SDcat"] = 6810000, ["Module:SPI_archive_notice"] = 39000, ["Module:SST"] = 13000, ["Module:SST/hosts"] = 13000, ["Module:SST/registry"] = 274000, ["Module:SST/shards/sets/COLLEDGE_SHIPS_RN"] = 3000, ["Module:SST/shards/sets/TALBERT_BARRINGTON_ATLAS"] = 2100, ["Module:Science_redirect"] = 322000, ["Module:Science_redirect/conf"] = 322000, ["Module:Section_link"] = 166000, ["Module:Section_sizes"] = 5900, ["Module:See_also_if_exists"] = 95000, ["Module:Self"] = 44000, ["Module:Self/license_migration_data.json"] = 23000, ["Module:Self/styles.css"] = 44000, ["Module:Separated_entries"] = 2770000, ["Module:Series_overview"] = 10000, ["Module:Settlement_Wikidata"] = 52000, ["Module:Settlement_short_description"] = 729000, ["Module:Shortcut"] = 29000, ["Module:Shortcut/config"] = 29000, ["Module:Shortcut/styles.css"] = 29000, ["Module:Side_box"] = 1280000, ["Module:Side_box/styles.css"] = 1280000, ["Module:Sidebar"] = 435000, ["Module:Sidebar/configuration"] = 435000, ["Module:Sidebar/styles.css"] = 441000, ["Module:Sidebar_games_events"] = 42000, ["Module:Sidebar_games_events/styles.css"] = 42000, ["Module:Singles"] = 49000, ["Module:Sister_project_links"] = 21000, ["Module:Sister_project_links/bar/styles.css"] = 7200, ["Module:Sister_project_links/config"] = 21000, ["Module:Sister_project_links/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Module:Sister_project_logo"] = 1360000, ["Module:Sister_project_logo/data"] = 1360000, ["Module:Slovak_municipality"] = 3000, ["Module:Sock_list"] = 11000, ["Module:Sort"] = 155000, ["Module:Sort_title"] = 40000, ["Module:Sortkey"] = 105000, ["Module:Split_article"] = 4200, ["Module:Spoken_Wikipedia"] = 2200, ["Module:Spoken_Wikipedia/configuration"] = 2200, ["Module:Spoken_Wikipedia/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Module:Sports_career"] = 21000, ["Module:Sports_color"] = 79000, ["Module:Sports_color/baseball"] = 36000, ["Module:Sports_color/basketball"] = 19000, ["Module:Sports_color/ice_hockey"] = 3400, ["Module:Sports_color/international_football"] = 43000, ["Module:Sports_rbr_table"] = 15000, ["Module:Sports_rbr_table/styles.css"] = 15000, ["Module:Sports_reference"] = 5100, ["Module:Sports_results"] = 19000, ["Module:Sports_results/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Module:Sports_table"] = 73000, ["Module:Sports_table/Volleyball"] = 2500, ["Module:Sports_table/WDL"] = 64000, ["Module:Sports_table/WDL_OT"] = 4000, ["Module:Sports_table/WL"] = 5500, ["Module:Sports_table/WL_OT"] = 3100, ["Module:Sports_table/argcheck"] = 73000, ["Module:Sports_table/styles.css"] = 73000, ["Module:Sports_table/sub"] = 74000, ["Module:Sports_table/totalscheck"] = 52000, ["Module:Stock_tickers/NYSE"] = 2000, ["Module:Storm_categories"] = 5900, ["Module:Storm_categories/categories"] = 5900, ["Module:Storm_categories/colors"] = 5900, ["Module:Storm_categories/icons"] = 5900, ["Module:String"] = 14200000, ["Module:String2"] = 2090000, ["Module:Su"] = 14000, ["Module:Subject_bar"] = 21000, ["Module:Suppress_categories"] = 6600, ["Module:Switcher"] = 8400, } m0qaz7699yo1z6ih3jc0byoqbgp52vx 121252 121251 2026-09-04T22:15:05Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/S]] 121251 Scribunto text/plain return { ["S"] = 4300, ["S-aca"] = 6700, ["S-ach"] = 17000, ["S-aft"] = 230000, ["S-aft/check"] = 230000, ["S-aft/filter"] = 230000, ["S-bef"] = 235000, ["S-bef/check"] = 235000, ["S-bef/filter"] = 235000, ["S-break"] = 6600, ["S-bus"] = 2100, ["S-civ"] = 2900, ["S-dip"] = 6000, ["S-end"] = 262000, ["S-gov"] = 8600, ["S-hon"] = 4000, ["S-hou"] = 9800, ["S-inc"] = 13000, ["S-legal"] = 9900, ["S-line_label"] = 2000, ["S-mil"] = 13000, ["S-new"] = 17000, ["S-non"] = 11000, ["S-npo"] = 4200, ["S-off"] = 43000, ["S-par"] = 52000, ["S-par/en"] = 3300, ["S-par/gb"] = 3300, ["S-par/uk"] = 12000, ["S-par/us-hs"] = 12000, ["S-par/us-sen"] = 2100, ["S-ppo"] = 15000, ["S-prec"] = 3200, ["S-reg"] = 22000, ["S-rel"] = 19000, ["S-roy"] = 2800, ["S-sports"] = 12000, ["S-start"] = 254000, ["S-ttl"] = 242000, ["S-ttl/check"] = 242000, ["S-vac"] = 7800, ["SAU"] = 2100, ["SCO"] = 3800, ["SDcat"] = 6810000, ["SECOND"] = 2300, ["SGP"] = 2900, ["SIA"] = 2500, ["SLL"] = 2000, ["SLO"] = 4900, ["SMS"] = 6800, ["SMU"] = 2400, ["SPI_archive_notice"] = 85000, ["SPIarchive_notice"] = 82000, ["SPIcat"] = 3800, ["SPIclose"] = 3300, ["SPIpriorcases"] = 78000, ["SR/Olympics_profile"] = 2200, ["SRB"] = 4400, ["SS"] = 22000, ["SSPa"] = 2600, ["STN"] = 11000, ["SUBJECTSPACE_formatted"] = 44000, ["SUI"] = 9600, ["SVG"] = 2700, ["SVG-Logo"] = 26000, ["SVG-Res"] = 24000, ["SVG-logo"] = 14000, ["SVK"] = 8700, ["SVN"] = 5900, ["SWE"] = 13000, ["Salts_by_element"] = 2200, ["Sandbox_other"] = 469000, ["Saturday"] = 2800, ["Saved_book"] = 52000, ["Sc"] = 2900, ["Scholia"] = 3700, ["School_block"] = 13000, ["School_disambiguation"] = 3500, ["Schoolblock"] = 6900, ["Schooldis"] = 2700, ["Schoolip"] = 12000, ["Scientist_icon"] = 16000, ["Scientist_icon2"] = 16000, ["Sclass"] = 34000, ["Sclass2"] = 11000, ["Screen_reader-only"] = 108000, ["Screen_reader-only/styles.css"] = 148000, ["Script"] = 7600, ["Script/Arabic"] = 4000, ["Script/Hebrew"] = 4900, ["Script/Nastaliq"] = 15000, ["Script/doc/id-unk"] = 3200, ["Script/doc/id-unk/core"] = 3200, ["Script/doc/id-unk/is-iso-alpha4"] = 3200, ["Script/doc/id-unk/name-to-alpha4"] = 3200, ["Script/styles.css"] = 3400, ["Script/styles_arabic.css"] = 4000, ["Script/styles_hebrew.css"] = 4900, ["Sdash"] = 4000, ["Search_box"] = 74000, ["Search_link"] = 27000, ["Section_link"] = 166000, ["Section_sizes"] = 4300, ["See"] = 8900, ["See_also"] = 218000, ["Seealso"] = 7900, ["Seiner_Majestät_Schiff"] = 6800, ["Seiner_Majestät_Unterseeboot"] = 2400, ["Select_skin"] = 5500, ["Selected"] = 2000, ["Selected_article"] = 2500, ["Selected_picture"] = 2400, ["Self"] = 44000, ["Self-published_inline"] = 4700, ["Self-published_source"] = 6100, ["Self-reference"] = 2200, ["Self-reference_tool"] = 8200, ["Sent_off"] = 17000, ["Sentoff"] = 6200, ["Sequence"] = 4100, ["Series_overview"] = 10000, ["Serif"] = 5000, ["Set_category"] = 38000, ["Set_index_article"] = 6300, ["Sets_taxobox_colour"] = 3400, ["Sfn"] = 210000, ["SfnRef"] = 165000, ["Sfn_whitelist"] = 2600, ["Sfnm"] = 5900, ["Sfnp"] = 24000, ["Sfnref"] = 18000, ["Sfrac"] = 5100, ["Sfrac/styles.css"] = 5200, ["SharedIPEDU"] = 3300, ["Shared_IP"] = 10000, ["Shared_IP_corp"] = 4100, ["Shared_IP_edu"] = 186000, ["Shared_IP_gov"] = 2300, ["Sharedip"] = 3000, ["Sharedipedu"] = 3800, ["Sherdog"] = 2700, ["Ship"] = 42000, ["Ship_index"] = 7600, ["Shipboxflag"] = 21000, ["Shipboxflag/core"] = 21000, ["Shipwrecks_navbox_footer"] = 11000, ["Shipwrecks_navbox_footer/link"] = 11000, ["Short_description"] = 6950000, ["Short_description/lowercasecheck"] = 6950000, ["Shortcut"] = 22000, ["Should_be_SVG"] = 8200, ["Shy"] = 2200, ["Sic"] = 39000, ["Side_box"] = 1250000, ["Sidebar"] = 320000, ["Sidebar_games_events"] = 42000, ["Sidebar_person"] = 4900, ["Sidebar_person/styles.css"] = 6300, ["Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"] = 83000, ["Sigfig"] = 4100, ["Significant_figures"] = 5700, ["Significant_figures/rnd"] = 5300, ["Signpost-subscription"] = 2100, ["Signpost-subscription/styles.css"] = 2100, ["Signpost/item"] = 49000, ["Signpost/item/core"] = 49000, ["Signpost/snippet-nopic"] = 3400, ["Signpost/snippet/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Sildb_prim"] = 2200, ["Silver02"] = 18000, ["Silver2"] = 46000, ["Silver_medal"] = 6700, ["Silver_medal_icon"] = 60000, ["Similar_names"] = 3400, ["Single+double"] = 11000, ["Single+space"] = 17000, ["Single-innings_cricket_match"] = 4000, ["Single_chart"] = 43000, ["Single_namespace"] = 338000, ["Single_source"] = 3000, ["Singlechart"] = 12000, ["Singles"] = 49000, ["Sister-inline"] = 223000, ["Sister-inline/styles.css"] = 223000, ["Sister_project"] = 1130000, ["Sister_project/styles.css"] = 1130000, ["Sister_project_links"] = 14000, ["Skip_to_talk"] = 12000, ["Skip_to_talk/styles.css"] = 12000, ["Sky"] = 3300, ["Sky/styles.css"] = 3300, ["Slink"] = 66000, ["Slovak_municipality"] = 3000, ["Slovak_municipality/geo"] = 2800, ["Small"] = 652000, ["Small_Solar_System_bodies"] = 3600, ["Smallcaps"] = 21000, ["Smallcaps/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Smalldiv"] = 43000, ["Smaller"] = 79000, ["Smiley"] = 54000, ["Snd"] = 613000, ["Snds"] = 6500, ["Soccer_icon"] = 124000, ["Soccer_icon2"] = 124000, ["Soccer_icon4"] = 3500, ["Soccerbase"] = 13000, ["Soccerbase_season"] = 8000, ["Soccerway"] = 84000, ["Sock"] = 56000, ["Sock_list"] = 11000, ["Sockcat"] = 2000, ["Sockmaster"] = 10000, ["Sockpuppet"] = 286000, ["Sockpuppet/altmaster"] = 3700, ["Sockpuppet/categorise"] = 286000, ["SockpuppetCheckuser"] = 5500, ["Sockpuppet_category"] = 52000, ["Sockpuppet_category/confirmed"] = 28000, ["Sockpuppet_category/suspected"] = 24000, ["Sockpuppetcheckuser"] = 3600, ["Sockpuppeteer"] = 29000, ["Soft_hyphen"] = 2300, ["Soft_redirect"] = 6500, ["Soft_redirect_protection"] = 10000, ["Softredirect"] = 3300, ["Solar_luminosity"] = 5200, ["Solar_mass"] = 6500, ["Solar_radius"] = 5200, ["Soldier_icon"] = 3900, ["Soldier_icon2"] = 3900, ["Songs_category"] = 9600, ["Songs_category/core"] = 9600, ["Sort"] = 122000, ["Sort_under"] = 2200, ["Sort_under/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Sortname"] = 64000, ["Source-attribution"] = 9200, ["Source_assess"] = 2700, ["Source_assess_table"] = 2700, ["Source_attribution"] = 39000, ["Source_check"] = 927000, ["Sourcecheck"] = 927000, ["Sources"] = 3600, ["Sources_exist"] = 4200, ["South_America_topic"] = 2700, ["Sp"] = 164000, ["Space"] = 130000, ["Space+apostrophe+s"] = 27000, ["Space+double"] = 7200, ["Space+single"] = 15000, ["Spaced_en_dash"] = 647000, ["Spaced_en_dash_space"] = 6600, ["Spaced_ndash"] = 22000, ["Spaces"] = 734000, ["Spain_metadata_Wikidata"] = 7400, ["Spamlink"] = 14000, ["Species_Latin_name_abbreviation_disambiguation"] = 2400, ["Species_list"] = 25000, ["Speciesbox"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/checkgenus"] = 392000, ["Speciesbox/getGenus"] = 395000, ["Speciesbox/getSpecies"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/name"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/parameterCheck"] = 394000, ["Speciesbox/trim"] = 394000, ["Specieslist"] = 9300, ["Split_article"] = 4200, ["Spnd"] = 4800, ["Spoken_Wikipedia"] = 2200, ["Sport_icon"] = 16000, ["Sport_icon2"] = 17000, ["SportsYearCatUSstate"] = 6700, ["Sports_club_or_team_people_category_header"] = 14000, ["Sports_club_or_team_people_category_header/category1"] = 14000, ["Sports_club_or_team_people_category_header/club_name"] = 14000, ["Sports_links"] = 81000, ["Sports_reference"] = 5100, ["Squad_maintenance"] = 3800, ["Sronly"] = 49000, ["Srt"] = 7200, ["Stack"] = 30000, ["Stack/styles.css"] = 41000, ["Stack_begin"] = 12000, ["Stack_end"] = 12000, ["StaleIP"] = 3600, ["StandardEbooks"] = 2400, ["Standings_table_end"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_entry"] = 25000, ["Standings_table_entry/record"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start/colheader"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start/colspan"] = 64000, ["Standings_table_start/styles.css"] = 64000, ["Starbox_astrometry"] = 5700, ["Starbox_begin"] = 5800, ["Starbox_catalog"] = 5700, ["Starbox_character"] = 5700, ["Starbox_detail"] = 5600, ["Starbox_end"] = 5800, ["Starbox_image"] = 4000, ["Starbox_observe"] = 5800, ["Starbox_reference"] = 5700, ["Start-Class"] = 18000, ["Start-date"] = 2300, ["Start_and_end_dates"] = 3700, ["Start_box"] = 5500, ["Start_date"] = 548000, ["Start_date_and_age"] = 188000, ["Start_date_and_years_ago"] = 4000, ["Start_date_text"] = 3900, ["Start_of_course_timeline"] = 5800, ["Start_of_course_week"] = 6000, ["Start_tab"] = 6700, ["Startflatlist"] = 163000, ["Startplainlist"] = 2200, ["Static_IP"] = 5000, ["Static_row_numbers"] = 2900, ["Static_row_numbers/styles.css"] = 2900, ["Station"] = 22000, ["Station_link"] = 19000, ["Stdinchicite"] = 10000, ["Steady"] = 19000, ["Sticky_header"] = 9600, ["Sticky_header/styles.css"] = 27000, ["Stl"] = 17000, ["Stn"] = 11000, ["Stn_art_lnk"] = 2200, ["Stnlnk"] = 35000, ["Stop"] = 2000, ["Store_norske_leksikon"] = 2500, ["Storm_colour"] = 5800, ["Storm_name"] = 2400, ["Storm_path"] = 2200, ["Stortingetbio"] = 2100, ["StoryTeleplay"] = 3200, ["Str_count"] = 166000, ["Str_endswith"] = 236000, ["Str_find"] = 283000, ["Str_index"] = 15000, ["Str_left"] = 339000, ["Str_len"] = 167000, ["Str_letter"] = 184000, ["Str_letter/trim"] = 21000, ["Str_number"] = 7200, ["Str_number/trim"] = 225000, ["Str_rep"] = 299000, ["Str_right"] = 7100, ["Str_startswith"] = 2900, ["Str_trim"] = 4200, ["Str_≠_len"] = 48000, ["Str_≤_len"] = 2900, ["Str_≥_len"] = 105000, ["Strfind_short"] = 5400, ["Strike"] = 2300, ["Strikethrough"] = 20000, ["String_split"] = 5300, ["Strip_tags"] = 41000, ["Strong"] = 214000, ["Structurae"] = 2100, ["Stub-Class"] = 18000, ["Stub_Category"] = 14000, ["Stub_category"] = 21000, ["Stub_documentation"] = 42000, ["Student_editor"] = 27000, ["Student_sandbox"] = 4300, ["Student_table_row"] = 7100, ["Students_table"] = 7100, ["Su"] = 4800, ["Su-census1989"] = 4600, ["Sub"] = 4600, ["Subinfobox_bodystyle"] = 75000, ["Subject_bar"] = 21000, ["Suboff"] = 7500, ["Subon"] = 7600, ["Subpage_other"] = 410000, ["Subscription_required"] = 36000, ["Subsidebar_bodystyle"] = 6400, ["Subst_only"] = 5500, ["Substituted_comment"] = 19000, ["Succession_box"] = 119000, ["Succession_box/check"] = 119000, ["Succession_links"] = 218000, ["Summer_Olympics_by_year_category_navigation"] = 2500, ["Summer_Olympics_by_year_category_navigation/core"] = 2500, ["Sunday"] = 2800, ["Sup"] = 95000, ["Suppress_categories"] = 6600, ["Surname"] = 80000, ["Swiss_metadata_Wikidata"] = 2900, ["Swiss_populations"] = 2400, ["Swiss_populations_NC"] = 3000, ["Swiss_populations_YM"] = 2300, ["Swiss_populations_ref"] = 2400, ["Switcher"] = 8400, ["Sz"] = 2500, ["Module:SDcat"] = 6810000, ["Module:SPI_archive_notice"] = 39000, ["Module:SST"] = 13000, ["Module:SST/hosts"] = 13000, ["Module:SST/registry"] = 274000, ["Module:SST/shards/sets/COLLEDGE_SHIPS_RN"] = 3000, ["Module:SST/shards/sets/TALBERT_BARRINGTON_ATLAS"] = 2100, ["Module:Science_redirect"] = 322000, ["Module:Science_redirect/conf"] = 322000, ["Module:Section_link"] = 166000, ["Module:Section_sizes"] = 5900, ["Module:See_also_if_exists"] = 95000, ["Module:Self"] = 44000, ["Module:Self/license_migration_data.json"] = 23000, ["Module:Self/styles.css"] = 44000, ["Module:Separated_entries"] = 2770000, ["Module:Series_overview"] = 10000, ["Module:Settlement_Wikidata"] = 52000, ["Module:Settlement_short_description"] = 729000, ["Module:Shortcut"] = 29000, ["Module:Shortcut/config"] = 29000, ["Module:Shortcut/styles.css"] = 29000, ["Module:Side_box"] = 1280000, ["Module:Side_box/styles.css"] = 1280000, ["Module:Sidebar"] = 435000, ["Module:Sidebar/configuration"] = 435000, ["Module:Sidebar/styles.css"] = 441000, ["Module:Sidebar_games_events"] = 42000, ["Module:Sidebar_games_events/styles.css"] = 42000, ["Module:Singles"] = 49000, ["Module:Sister_project_links"] = 21000, ["Module:Sister_project_links/bar/styles.css"] = 7200, ["Module:Sister_project_links/config"] = 21000, ["Module:Sister_project_links/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Module:Sister_project_logo"] = 1360000, ["Module:Sister_project_logo/data"] = 1360000, ["Module:Slovak_municipality"] = 3000, ["Module:Sock_list"] = 11000, ["Module:Sort"] = 155000, ["Module:Sort_title"] = 40000, ["Module:Sortkey"] = 105000, ["Module:Split_article"] = 4200, ["Module:Spoken_Wikipedia"] = 2200, ["Module:Spoken_Wikipedia/configuration"] = 2200, ["Module:Spoken_Wikipedia/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Module:Sports_career"] = 21000, ["Module:Sports_color"] = 79000, ["Module:Sports_color/baseball"] = 36000, ["Module:Sports_color/basketball"] = 19000, ["Module:Sports_color/ice_hockey"] = 3400, ["Module:Sports_color/international_football"] = 43000, ["Module:Sports_rbr_table"] = 15000, ["Module:Sports_rbr_table/styles.css"] = 15000, ["Module:Sports_reference"] = 5100, ["Module:Sports_results"] = 19000, ["Module:Sports_results/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Module:Sports_table"] = 73000, ["Module:Sports_table/Volleyball"] = 2500, ["Module:Sports_table/WDL"] = 64000, ["Module:Sports_table/WDL_OT"] = 4000, ["Module:Sports_table/WL"] = 5500, ["Module:Sports_table/WL_OT"] = 3100, ["Module:Sports_table/argcheck"] = 73000, ["Module:Sports_table/styles.css"] = 73000, ["Module:Sports_table/sub"] = 74000, ["Module:Sports_table/totalscheck"] = 52000, ["Module:Stock_tickers/NYSE"] = 2000, ["Module:Storm_categories"] = 5900, ["Module:Storm_categories/categories"] = 5900, ["Module:Storm_categories/colors"] = 5900, ["Module:Storm_categories/icons"] = 5900, ["Module:String"] = 14200000, ["Module:String2"] = 2090000, ["Module:Su"] = 14000, ["Module:Subject_bar"] = 21000, ["Module:Suppress_categories"] = 6600, ["Module:Switcher"] = 8400, } m0qaz7699yo1z6ih3jc0byoqbgp52vx 0 15673 121608 41484 2026-09-05T00:48:11Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chivenda]] to [[ChiVenda]] 41484 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:South Africa Venda speakers proportion map.svg|thumb|ChiVenda mu South Africa ([[2011]]): {{columns |col1= {{legend|#EDF8E9|0–20%}} {{legend|#BAE4B3|20–40%}} {{legend|#74C476|40–60%}} |col2= {{legend|#31A354|60–80%}} {{legend|#006D2C|80–100%}}}}]] '''Chivenda''' ({{lang|ve|Tshivenḓa, Luvenḓa}}) ntchiyowoyelo cha charu cha [[South Africa]]. Chivenda ntchimoza mwa viyowoyelo 11 vya boma vya charu cha South Africa. Chivenda chikuyowoyeka mu chigaŵa cha [[Limpopo]] na mu charu cha [[Zimbabwe]]. == Chivenda mu South Africa na viyowoyelo vinyake == Mu chaka cha 2011 chiŵelengelo cha viyowoyelo chikaŵa ntheula: {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align: left" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Chiyowoyelo ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |Ŵanthu ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |% |- |[[Chizulu]] | align="right" |11 587 375 | align="right" |21.1% |- |[[ChiXhosa]] | align="right" |8 154 259 | align="right" |14.8% |- |[[ChiAfrikaans]] | align="right" |6 855 082 | align="right" |12.5% |- |[[Seisimane]] | align="right" |4 892 624 | align="right" |8.9% |- |[[Chipeli]] | align="right" |4 618 575 | align="right" |8.4% |- |[[Chitswana]] | align="right" |4 067 247 | align="right" |8.2% |- |[[Chisuthu]] | align="right" |3 849 563 | align="right" |7.0% |- |[[Chitsonga]] | align="right" |2 277 148 | align="right" |4.1% |- |[[Chiswati]] | align="right" |1 297 044 | align="right" |2.4% |- |[[Chivenda]] | align="right" |1 209 388 | align="right" |2.2% |- |[[Chindebele]] | align="right" |1 090 223 | align="right" |1.98% |- |[[South African Sign Language|Sign Language]] | align="right" |234 655 | align="right" |0.43% |- |Ŵakuyowoya na maoko | align="right" |809 117 | align="right" |1.47% |- |'''Wose pamoza''' | align="right" |'''45 026 681''' | align="right" |'''100.0%''' |} {{Viyowoyelo vya mu South Africa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Venda}} [[Category:Viyowoyelo]] [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Viyowoyelo vya South Afilika]] 7gt04zmbv4tn4q329nldn8le46ac1m1 0 15677 121604 41480 2026-09-05T00:47:52Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chitswana]] to [[ChiTswana]] 41480 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:South Africa Tswana speakers proportion map.svg|thumb|'''Chitswana''' mu [[South Africa]] ([[2011]]): {{columns |col1= {{legend|#EDF8E9|0–20%}} {{legend|#BAE4B3|20–40%}} {{legend|#74C476|40–60%}} |col2= {{legend|#31A354|60–80%}} {{legend|#006D2C|80–100%}}}}]] '''Chitswana''' ntchiyowoyelo cha charu cha [[Botswana]] na [[South Africa]]. Chitswana ntchimoza mwa viyowoyelo 11 vya boma mu charu cha South Africa. == Chitswana mu South Africa na viyowoyelo vinyake == Mu chaka cha 2011 chiŵelengelo cha viyowoyelo chikaŵa ntheula: {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align: left" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Chiyowoyelo ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |Ŵanthu ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |% |- |[[Chizulu]] | align="right" |11 587 375 | align="right" |21.1% |- |[[ChiXhosa]] | align="right" |8 154 259 | align="right" |14.8% |- |[[ChiAfrikaans]] | align="right" |6 855 082 | align="right" |12.5% |- |[[Chizungu]] | align="right" |4 892 624 | align="right" |8.9% |- |[[Chipeli]] | align="right" |4 618 575 | align="right" |8.4% |- |[[Chitswana]] | align="right" |4 067 247 | align="right" |8.2% |- |[[Chisuthu]] | align="right" |3 849 563 | align="right" |7.0% |- |[[Chitsonga]] | align="right" |2 277 148 | align="right" |4.1% |- |[[Chiswati]] | align="right" |1 297 044 | align="right" |2.4% |- |[[Chivenda]] | align="right" |1 209 388 | align="right" |2.2% |- |[[Chindeŵele]] | align="right" |1 090 223 | align="right" |1.98% |- |[[Ŵakuyowoya na mawoko mu South Africa|Ŵakuyowoya na mawoko]] | align="right" |234 655 | align="right" |0.43% |- |Ŵakuyowoya na maoko | align="right" |809 117 | align="right" |1.47% |- |'''Wose pamoza''' | align="right" |'''45 026 681''' | align="right" |'''100.0%''' |} {{Viyowoyelo vya mu South Africa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Venda}} [[Category:Viyowoyelo]] [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Viyowoyelo vya South Afilika]] rdal5y22zq79q7iv2y50egc7fo9trhu 0 15680 121618 38274 2026-09-05T00:57:31Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chipedi]] to [[ChiPedi]] 38274 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:South Africa Northern Sotho speakers proportion map.svg|thumb|'''Chipedi''' mu [[South Africa]]]] '''Chipedi''' ntchiyowoyelo cha charu cha [[South Africa]]. Chipedi ntchimoza mwa viyowoyelo 11 vya boma mu charu cha South Africa. == Chipedi mu South Africa na viyowoyelo vinyake == Mu chaka cha 2011 chiŵelengelo cha viyowoyelo chikaŵa ntheula: {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align: left" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Chiyowoyelo ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |Ŵanthu ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |% |- |[[ChiZulu]] | align="right" |11 587 375 | align="right" |21.1% |- |[[ChiXhosa]] | align="right" |8 154 259 | align="right" |14.8% |- |[[ChiAfrikaans]] | align="right" |6 855 082 | align="right" |12.5% |- |[[ChiZungu]] | align="right" |4 892 624 | align="right" |8.9% |- |[[Chipeli]] | align="right" |4 618 575 | align="right" |8.4% |- |[[Chitswana]] | align="right" |4 067 247 | align="right" |8.2% |- |[[Chisuthu]] | align="right" |3 849 563 | align="right" |7.0% |- |[[Chitsonga]] | align="right" |2 277 148 | align="right" |4.1% |- |[[Chiswati]] | align="right" |1 297 044 | align="right" |2.4% |- |[[Chivenda]] | align="right" |1 209 388 | align="right" |2.2% |- |[[Chindeŵele]] | align="right" |1 090 223 | align="right" |1.98% |- |[[Ŵakuyowoya na mawoko mu South Africa|Ŵakuyowoya na mawoko]] | align="right" |234 655 | align="right" |0.43% |- |Ŵakuyowoya na maoko | align="right" |809 117 | align="right" |1.47% |- |'''Wose pamoza''' | align="right" |'''45 026 681''' | align="right" |'''100.0%''' |} {{Viyowoyelo vya mu South Africa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Venda}} [[Category:Viyowoyelo]] [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Vyiyowoyelo vya South Afilika]] 9dsatlwnseyp80kyd2zdof5uow8rrq3 121620 121618 2026-09-05T00:58:40Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Redirected page to [[ChiPeli]] 121620 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ChiPeli]] 4kld4r66nydshroj69ev2xu4tijtv4r 0 15682 121612 41479 2026-09-05T00:48:32Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chipeli]] to [[ChiPeli]] 41479 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:South Africa Northern Sotho speakers proportion map.svg|thumb|Sesotho sa Leboa la Afrika Borwa]] '''Chipeli''' ntchiyowoyelo cha charu cha [[South Africa]]. Chipeli ntchimoza mwa viyowoyelo 11 vya boma mu charu cha South Africa. == Chipeli mu South Africa na viyowoyelo vinyake == Mu chaka cha 2011 chiŵelengelo cha viyowoyelo chikaŵa ntheula: {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align: left" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Chiyowoyelo ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |Ŵanthu ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |% |- |[[ChiZulu]] | align="right" |11 587 375 | align="right" |21.1% |- |[[ChiXhosa]] | align="right" |8 154 259 | align="right" |14.8% |- |[[ChiAfrikaans]] | align="right" |6 855 082 | align="right" |12.5% |- |[[ChiZungu]] | align="right" |4 892 624 | align="right" |8.9% |- |[[Chipeli]] | align="right" |4 618 575 | align="right" |8.4% |- |[[Chitswana]] | align="right" |4 067 247 | align="right" |8.2% |- |[[Chisuthu]] | align="right" |3 849 563 | align="right" |7.0% |- |[[Chitsonga]] | align="right" |2 277 148 | align="right" |4.1% |- |[[Chiswati]] | align="right" |1 297 044 | align="right" |2.4% |- |[[Chivenda]] | align="right" |1 209 388 | align="right" |2.2% |- |[[Chindeŵele]] | align="right" |1 090 223 | align="right" |1.98% |- |[[Ŵakuyowoya na mawoko mu South Africa|Ŵakuyowoya na mawoko]] | align="right" |234 655 | align="right" |0.43% |- |Ŵakuyowoya na maoko | align="right" |809 117 | align="right" |1.47% |- |'''Wose pamoza''' | align="right" |'''45 026 681''' | align="right" |'''100.0%''' |} {{Viyowoyelo vya mu South Africa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Venda}} [[Category:Viyowoyelo]] [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Viyowoyelo vya South Afilika]] jzt0seqth6a3ry9x0juuwlj2cy5xnm4 10 15765 121087 49423 2024-07-14T16:03:39Z en>HouseBlaster 0 merge complete 121087 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Category link]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from merge}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} pdnvarboglzpwmmx9vjjpz5xqrrl6vu 121088 121087 2026-09-04T22:07:44Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Cat]] 121087 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Category link]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from merge}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} pdnvarboglzpwmmx9vjjpz5xqrrl6vu 10 15770 121193 46789 2025-10-08T22:40:37Z en>Jonesey95 0 dark mode is fine; it's the semantic meaning that is the problem 121193 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Ombox|type=content|text=This template should '''NOT''' be used for generic error messages and warnings, because it does not have any semantic meaning embedded. Please use {{tl|error-small}} for errors, and {{tl|destructive}} for everything else.}}</noinclude><span style="color: red;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> m79c5js0z99vot4odxdkn6bawoqind2 121194 121193 2026-09-04T22:12:51Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Red]] 121193 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Ombox|type=content|text=This template should '''NOT''' be used for generic error messages and warnings, because it does not have any semantic meaning embedded. Please use {{tl|error-small}} for errors, and {{tl|destructive}} for everything else.}}</noinclude><span style="color: red;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> m79c5js0z99vot4odxdkn6bawoqind2 10 15804 120973 52556 2026-08-30T17:20:15Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:Pp-template]] to [[Template:Template-protected]] over redirect: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 120973 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Template-protected]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} ay2g898kxcbn6dr2bn1wy9xkoo3jlt5 120974 120973 2026-09-04T22:03:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pp-template]] 120973 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Template-protected]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} ay2g898kxcbn6dr2bn1wy9xkoo3jlt5 10 15827 121117 40341 2024-09-28T13:55:16Z en>Rjjiii 0 from sandbox; merging with [[Template:Midsize]] 121117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst<noinclude />:#if:{{{2|}}} |<{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}} style="font-size:{{{1|}}};">{{{2|}}}</{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}}> |<{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}} style="font-size:{{{size|90}}}%;">{{{1}}}</{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}}> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis in Wikidata, not here! --> </noinclude> jbt5r04v9bllgb6hs0brjngki3od8xo 121118 121117 2026-09-04T22:09:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Resize]] 121117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst<noinclude />:#if:{{{2|}}} |<{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}} style="font-size:{{{1|}}};">{{{2|}}}</{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}}> |<{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}} style="font-size:{{{size|90}}}%;">{{{1}}}</{{safesubst<noinclude />:#ifeq:{{{div|}}}|yes|div|span}}> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis in Wikidata, not here! --> </noinclude> jbt5r04v9bllgb6hs0brjngki3od8xo 10 15828 121211 80515 2024-09-28T14:00:57Z en>Rjjiii 0 add "size" 121211 wikitext text/x-wiki == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata>{ "description": "It is to change the font size of a text string. Two forms {{resize|<size>|<text>}} and {{resize|<text>}} are possible.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Size/Text", "description": "With two parameters: a CSS font size e.g. '80%', '1.2em', 'x-large', 'larger'. With one parameter: the text to display (and font size defaults to '90%').", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Text when size is given", "description": "The text to display in the two parameter version.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "div": { "label": "Use div tag", "description": "Set to yes to use a div instead of a span tag.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "size": { "label": "Size (percent)", "description": "Font size as a percentage e.g. '90', '200'. Ignored if 2 numbered parameters are used." } }, "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "div", "size" ] } </templatedata> rzx6bgxvmq7uh67ggn0eovdmpwaqzvi 121212 121211 2026-09-04T22:14:05Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Resize/TemplateData]] 121211 wikitext text/x-wiki == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata>{ "description": "It is to change the font size of a text string. Two forms {{resize|<size>|<text>}} and {{resize|<text>}} are possible.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Size/Text", "description": "With two parameters: a CSS font size e.g. '80%', '1.2em', 'x-large', 'larger'. With one parameter: the text to display (and font size defaults to '90%').", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Text when size is given", "description": "The text to display in the two parameter version.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "div": { "label": "Use div tag", "description": "Set to yes to use a div instead of a span tag.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "size": { "label": "Size (percent)", "description": "Font size as a percentage e.g. '90', '200'. Ignored if 2 numbered parameters are used." } }, "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "div", "size" ] } </templatedata> rzx6bgxvmq7uh67ggn0eovdmpwaqzvi 828 15867 121049 100169 2026-07-23T06:01:42Z en>A876 0 DON'T check for Module:JSONutil. (to stop this template from making ghost transclusion entries on many pages) 121049 Scribunto text/plain local TemplateData = { item = 46997995, serial = "2025-02-07", suite = "TemplateData" } local Failsafe = TemplateData local Config = { -- Multiple option names mapped into unique internal fields. basicCnf = { catProblem = "strange", classMultiColumns = "selMultClm", classNoNumTOC = "suppressTOCnum", classTable = "classTable", cssParWrap = "cssTabWrap", cssParams = "cssTable", docpageCreate = "suffix", docpageDetect = "subpage", helpAliases = "supportAliases", helpBoolean = "support4boolean", helpContent = "support4content", helpDate = "support4date", helpDefault = "support4default", helpFile = "support4wiki-file-name", helpFormat = "supportFormat", helpLine = "support4line", helpNumber = "support4number", helpPage = "support4wiki-page-name", helpString = "support4string", helpTemplate = "support4wiki-template-name", helpURL = "support4url", helpUser = "support4wiki-user-name", msgDescMiss = "solo", tStylesMultiColumns = "stylesMultClm", tStylesTOCnum = "stylesTOCnum" }, classTable = { "wikitable" }, -- Classes for params table cssTable = false, -- Styles for params table cssTabWrap = false, -- Styles for params table wrapper debug = false, debugmultilang = "#c0c0c0", jsonDebug = "json-code-lint", -- Class for jsonDebug tool loudly = false, -- Show exported element, etc. solo = false, -- Complaint on missing description strange = false, -- Title of maintenance category subpage = false, -- Pattern to identify subpage suffix = false, -- Subpage creation scheme suppressTOCnum = false -- Class for TOC number suppression } local Data = { div = false, -- <div class="mw-templatedata-doc-wrap"> got = false, -- table, initial templatedata object heirs = false, -- table, params that are inherited jump = false, -- source position at end of "params" less = false, -- main description missing lasting = false, -- old syntax encountered lazy = false, -- doc mode; do not generate effective <templatedata> leading = false, -- show TOC -- low = false, -- 1= mode order = false, -- parameter sequence params = false, -- table, exported parameters scream = false, -- error messages sibling = false, -- TOC juxtaposed slang = nil, -- project/user language code slim = false, -- JSON reduced to plain source = false, -- JSON input strip = false, -- <templatedata> evaluation tag = false, -- table, exported root element title = false, -- page tree = false -- table, rewritten templatedata object } local Permit = { builder = { after = "block", align = "block", block = "block", compressed = "block", dense = "block", grouped = "inline", half = "inline", indent = "block", inline = "inline", last = "block", lead = "block", newlines = "*", spaced = "inline" }, colors = { bg = "var(--background-color-base, #fff)", deprecated = "#ffcbcb", fg = "var(--color-base, #000)", optional = "#eaecf0", required = "#eaf3ff", suggested = "#fff", tableheadbg = "var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #b3b7ff)" }, params = { aliases = "table", autovalue = "string", default = "string table I18N nowiki", deprecated = "boolean string I18N", description = "string table I18N", example = "string table I18N nowiki", inherits = "string", label = "string table I18N", required = "boolean", style = "string table", suggested = "boolean", suggestedvalues = "string table number boolean", type = "string" }, root = { description = "string table I18N", format = "string", maps = "table", paramOrder = "table", params = "table", sets = "table" }, search = "[{,]%%s*(['\"])%s%%1%%s*:%%s*%%{", types = { boolean = true, content = true, date = true, line = true, number = true, string = true, unknown = true, url = true, ["string/line"] = "line", ["string/wiki-page-name"] = "wiki-page-name", ["string/wiki-user-name"] = "wiki-user-name", ["unbalanced-wikitext"] = true, ["wiki-file-name"] = true, ["wiki-page-name"] = true, ["wiki-template-name"] = true, ["wiki-user-name"] = true } } local function Fault(alert) -- Memorize error message. -- Parameter: -- alert -- string, error message if Data.scream then Data.scream = string.format("%s *** %s", Data.scream, alert) else Data.scream = alert end end -- Fault() local function Fetch(ask, allow) -- Fetch module. -- Parameter: -- ask -- string, with name -- "/global" -- "JSONutil" -- "Multilingual" -- "Text" -- "WLink" -- allow -- true: no error if unavailable -- Returns table of module -- Error: Module not available local sign = ask local r, stem if sign:sub(1, 1) == "/" then sign = TemplateData.frame:getTitle() .. sign else stem = sign sign = "Module:" .. stem end if TemplateData.extern then r = TemplateData.extern[sign] else TemplateData.extern = {} end if not r then local lucky, g = pcall(require, sign) if type(g) == "table" then if stem and type(g[stem]) == "function" then r = g[stem]() else r = g end TemplateData.extern[sign] = r elseif not allow then error(string.format("Fetch(%s) %s", sign, g), 0) end end return r end -- Fetch() local function Foreign() -- Guess human language, returns slang or not. if type(Data.slang) == "nil" then local Multilingual = Fetch("Multilingual", true) if Multilingual and type(Multilingual.userLangCode) == "function" then Data.slang = Multilingual.userLangCode() else Data.slang = mw.language.getContentLanguage():getCode():lower() end end if Data.slang and mw.ustring.codepoint(Data.slang, 1, 1) > 122 then Data.slang = false end return Data.slang end -- Foreign() local function facet(ask, at) -- Find physical position of parameter definition in JSON. -- Parameter: -- ask -- string, parameter name -- at -- number, physical position within definition -- Returns number or nil. local seek = string.format(Permit.search, ask:gsub("%%", "%%%%"):gsub("([%-.()+*?^$%[%]])", "%%%1")) local i, k, r, slice, source if not Data.jump then Data.jump = Data.source:find("params", 2) if Data.jump then Data.jump = Data.jump + 7 else Data.jump = 1 end end i, k = Data.source:find(seek, at + Data.jump) while i and not r do source = Data.source:sub(k + 1) slice = source:match('^%s*"([^"]+)"s*:') if not slice then slice = source:match("^%s*'([^']+)'%s*:") end if (slice and Permit.params[slice]) or source:match("^%s*%}") then r = k else i, k = Data.source:find(seek, k) end end -- while i return r end -- facet() local function facilities(apply) -- Retrieve details of suggestedvalues. -- Parameter: -- apply -- table, with plain or enhanced values -- .suggestedvalues -- table|string|number, or more -- Returns -- 1 -- table, with suggestedvalues -- 2 -- table, with CSS map, or not -- 3 -- string, with class, or not -- 4 -- string, with templatestyles, or not local elements = apply.suggestedvalues local s = type(elements) local r1, r2, r3, r4 if s == "table" then local values = elements.values if type(values) == "table" then r1 = values if type(elements.scroll) == "string" then r2 = r2 or {} r2.height = apply.scroll r2.overflow = "auto" end if type(elements.minwidth) == "string" then local s = type(elements.maxcolumns) r2 = r2 or {} r2["column-width"] = elements.minwidth if s == "string" or s == "number" then s = tostring(elements.maxcolumns) r2["column-count"] = s end if type(Config.selMultClm) == "string" then r3 = Config.selMultClm end if type(Config.stylesMultClm) == "string" then local src = Config.stylesMultClm .. "/styles.css" r4 = TemplateData.frame:extensionTag("templatestyles", nil, { src = src }) end end elseif elements and elements ~= "" then r1 = elements end elseif s == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(about) if s ~= "" then r1 = {} table.insert(r1, { code = s }) end elseif s == "number" then r1 = {} table.insert(r1, { code = tostring(elements) }) end return r1, r2, r3, r4 end -- facilities() local function factory(adapt) -- Retrieve localized text from system message. -- Parameter: -- adapt -- string, message ID after "templatedata-" -- Returns string, with localized text local o = mw.message.new("templatedata-" .. adapt) if Foreign() then o:inLanguage(Data.slang) end return o:plain() end -- factory() local function faculty(adjust) -- Test template argument for Boolean. -- adjust -- string or nil -- Returns boolean. local s = type(adjust) local r if s == "string" then r = mw.text.trim(adjust) r = (r ~= "" and r ~= "0") elseif s == "boolean" then r = adjust else r = false end return r end -- faculty() local function failures() -- Retrieve error collection and category, returns string. local r if Data.scream then local e = mw.html.create("span"):addClass("error"):wikitext(Data.scream) r = tostring(e) mw.addWarning("'''TemplateData'''<br />" .. Data.scream) if Config.strange then r = string.format("%s[[category:%s]]", r, Config.strange) end else r = "" end return r end -- failures() local function fair(adjust) -- Reduce text to one line of plain text, or noexport wikitext blocks. -- adjust -- string -- Returns string with adjusted text. local f = function(a) return a:gsub("%s*\n%s*", " "):gsub("%s%s+", " ") end local tags = { { start = "<noexport>", stop = "</noexport>", }, { start = "<exportonly>", stop = "</exportonly>", l = false, }, } local r = adjust local i, j, k, s, tag for m = 1, 2 do tag = tags[m] if r:find(tag.start, 1, true) then s = r r = "" i = 1 tag.l = true j, k = s:find(tag.start, i, true) while j do if j > 1 then r = r .. f(s:sub(i, j - 1)) end i = k + 1 j, k = s:find(tag.stop, i, true) if j then if m == 1 then r = r .. s:sub(i, j - 1) end i = k + 1 j, k = s:find(tag.start, i, true) else Fault("missing " .. tag.stop) end end -- while j r = r .. s:sub(i) elseif m == 1 then r = f(r) end end -- for m if tags[2].l then r = r:gsub("<exportonly>.*</exportonly>", "") end return r end -- fair() local function fancy(advance, alert) -- Present JSON source. -- Parameter: -- advance -- true, for nice -- alert -- true, for visible -- Returns string. local r if Data.source then local support = Config.jsonDebug local css if advance then css = { height = "6em", resize = "vertical", } r = { [1] = "syntaxhighlight", [2] = Data.source, lang = "json", style = table.concat(css, ";"), } if alert then r.class(support) end r = TemplateData.frame:callParserFunction("#tag", r) else css = { ["font-size"] = "0.77em", ["line-height"] = "1.35", } if alert then css.resize = "vertical" else css.display = "none" end r = mw.html.create("pre"):addClass(support):css(css):wikitext(mw.text.encode(Data.source)) r = tostring(r) end r = "\n" .. r else r = "" end return r end -- fancy() local function faraway(alternatives) -- Retrieve best language version from multilingual text. -- Parameter: -- alternatives -- table, to be evaluated -- Returns -- 1 -- string, with best match -- 2 -- table of other versions, if any local n = 0 local variants = {} local r1, r2 for k, v in pairs(alternatives) do if type(v) == "string" then v = mw.text.trim(v) if v ~= "" and type(k) == "string" then k = k:lower() variants[k] = v n = n + 1 end end end -- for k, v if n > 0 then local Multilingual = Fetch("Multilingual", true) if Multilingual and type(Multilingual.i18n) == "function" then local show, slang = Multilingual.i18n(variants) if show then r1 = show variants[slang] = nil r2 = variants end end if not r1 then Foreign() for k, v in pairs(variants) do if n == 1 then r1 = v elseif Data.slang == k then variants[k] = nil r1 = v r2 = variants end end -- for k, v end if r2 and Multilingual then for k, v in pairs(r2) do if v and not Multilingual.isLang(k, true) then Fault(string.format("%s <code>lang=%s</code>", "Invalid", k)) end end -- for k, v end end return r1, r2 end -- faraway() local function fashioned(about, asked, assign) -- Create description head. -- Parameter: -- about -- table, supposed to contain description -- asked -- true, if mandatory description -- assign -- <block>, if to be equipped -- Returns <block> with head, or nil. local para = assign or mw.html.create("div") local plus, r if about and about.description then if type(about.description) == "string" then para:wikitext(about.description) else para:wikitext(about.description[1]) plus = mw.html.create("ul") plus:css("text-align", "left") for k, v in pairs(about.description[2]) do plus:node( mw.html .create("li") :node(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(k)) :node(mw.html.create("br")) :wikitext(fair(v)) ) end -- for k, v if Config.loudly then plus = mw.html .create("div") :css("background-color", Config.debugmultilang) :css("color", "inherit") :node(plus) else plus:addClass("templatedata-maintain"):css("display", "none") end end elseif Config.solo and asked then para:addClass("error"):wikitext(Config.solo) Data.less = true else para = false end if para then if plus then r = mw.html.create("div"):node(para):node(plus) else r = para end end return r end -- fashioned() local function fatten(access) -- Create table row for subheadline. -- Parameter: -- access -- string, with name -- Returns <tr>. local param = Data.tree.params[access] local sub, sort = access:match("(=+)%s*(%S.*)$") local headline = mw.html.create(string.format("h%d", #sub)) local r = mw.html.create("tr") local td = mw.html.create("td"):attr("colspan", "5"):attr("data-sort-value", "!" .. sort) local s if param.style then s = type(param.style) if s == "table" then td:css(param.style) elseif s == "string" then td:cssText(param.style) end end s = fashioned(param, false, headline) if s then headline = s else headline:wikitext(sort) end td:node(headline) r:node(td) return r end -- fatten() local function fathers() -- Merge parameters with inherited values. local n = 0 local p = Data.params local t = Data.tree.params local p2, t2 for k, v in pairs(Data.heirs) do n = n + 1 end -- for k, v for i = 1, n do if Data.heirs then for k, v in pairs(Data.heirs) do if v and not Data.heirs[v] then n = n - 1 t[k].inherits = nil Data.heirs[k] = nil p2 = {} t2 = {} if p[v] then for k2, v2 in pairs(p[v]) do p2[k2] = v2 end -- for k2, v2 if p[k] then for k2, v2 in pairs(p[k]) do if type(v2) ~= "nil" then p2[k2] = v2 end end -- for k2, v2 end p[k] = p2 for k2, v2 in pairs(t[v]) do t2[k2] = v2 end -- for k2, v2 for k2, v2 in pairs(t[k]) do if type(v2) ~= "nil" then t2[k2] = v2 end end -- for k2, v2 t[k] = t2 else Fault("No params[] inherits " .. v) end end end -- for k, v end end -- i = 1, n if n > 0 then local s for k, v in pairs(Data.heirs) do if v then if s then s = string.format("%s &#124; %s", s, k) else s = "Circular inherits: " .. k end end end -- for k, v Fault(s) end end -- fathers() local function favorize() -- Local customization issues. local boole = { ["font-size"] = "1.25em" } local l, cx = pcall(mw.loadData, TemplateData.frame:getTitle() .. "/config") local scripting, style TemplateData.ltr = not mw.language.getContentLanguage():isRTL() if TemplateData.ltr then scripting = "left" else scripting = "right" end boole["margin-" .. scripting] = "3em" Permit.boole = { [false] = { css = boole, lead = true, show = "&#x2610;", }, [true] = { css = boole, lead = true, show = "&#x2611;", }, } Permit.css = {} for k, v in pairs(Permit.colors) do if k == "tableheadbg" then k = "tablehead" end if k == "fg" then style = "color" else style = "background-color" end Permit.css[k] = {} Permit.css[k][style] = v end -- for k, v if type(cx) == "table" then local c, s if type(cx.permit) == "table" then if type(cx.permit.boole) == "table" then if type(cx.permit.boole[true]) == "table" then Permit.boole[false] = cx.permit.boole[false] end if type(cx.permit.boole[true]) == "table" then Permit.boole[true] = cx.permit.boole[true] end end if type(cx.permit.css) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(cx.permit.css) do if type(v) == "table" then Permit.css[k] = v end end -- for k, v end end for k, v in pairs(Config.basicCnf) do s = type(cx[k]) if s == "string" or s == "table" then Config[v] = cx[k] end end -- for k, v end if type(Config.subpage) ~= "string" or type(Config.suffix) ~= "string" then local got = mw.message.new("templatedata-doc-subpage") local suffix if got:isDisabled() then suffix = "doc" else suffix = got:plain() end if type(Config.subpage) ~= "string" then Config.subpage = string.format("/%s$", suffix) end if type(Config.suffix) ~= "string" then Config.suffix = string.format("%%s/%s", suffix) end end end -- favorize() local function feasible(all, at, about) -- Deal with suggestedvalues within parameter. -- Parameter: -- all -- parameter details -- .default -- .type -- at -- string, with parameter name -- about -- suggestedvalues -- table, -- value and possibly description -- table may have elements: -- .code -- mandatory -- .label -- table|string -- .support -- table|string -- .icon -- string -- .class -- table|string -- .css -- table -- .style -- string -- .less -- true: suppress code -- Returns -- 1: mw.html object <ul> -- 2: sequence table with values, or nil local h = {} local e, r1, r2, s, v if #about > 0 then for i = 1, #about do e = about[i] s = type(e) if s == "table" then if type(e.code) == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(e.code) if s == "" then e = nil else e.code = s end else e = nil s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d] %s", at, "suggestedvalues", i, "MISSING 'code:'") end elseif s == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(e) if s == "" then e = nil s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d] EMPTY", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) else e = { code = s } end elseif s == "number" then e = { code = tostring(e) } else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d] INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) e = false end if e then v = v or {} table.insert(v, e) if h[e.code] then s = string.format("params.%s.%s REPEATED %s", at, "suggestedvalues", e.code) Fault(s) else h[e.code] = true end end end -- for i else Fault(string.format("params.%s.suggestedvalues %s", at, "NOT AN ARRAY")) end if v then local code, d, k, less, story, swift, t, u r1 = mw.html.create("ul") r2 = {} for i = 1, #v do u = mw.html.create("li") e = v[i] table.insert(r2, e.code) story = false less = (e.less == true) if not less then swift = e.code if e.support then local scream, support s = type(e.support) if s == "string" then support = e.support elseif s == "table" then support = faraway(e.support) else scream = "INVALID" end if support then s = mw.text.trim(support) if s == "" then scream = "EMPTY" elseif s:find("[%[%]|%<%>]") then scream = "BAD PAGE" else support = s end end if scream then s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].support %s", at, "suggestedvalues", i, scream) Fault(s) else swift = string.format("[[:%s|%s]]", support, swift) end end if all.type:sub(1, 5) == "wiki-" and swift == e.code then local rooms = { file = 6, temp = 10, user = 2, } local ns = rooms[all.type:sub(6, 9)] or 0 t = mw.title.makeTitle(ns, swift) if t and t.exists then swift = string.format("[[:%s|%s]]", t.prefixedText, swift) end end if e.code == all.default then k = 800 else k = 300 end code = mw.html.create("code"):css("font-weight", tostring(k)):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(swift) u:node(code) end if e.class then s = type(e.class) if s == "string" then u:addClass(e.class) elseif s == "table" then for k, s in pairs(e.class) do u:addClass(s) end -- for k, s else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].class INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end if e.css then if type(e.css) == "table" then u:css(e.css) else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].css INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end if e.style then if type(e.style) == "string" then u:cssText(e.style) else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].style INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end if all.type == "wiki-file-name" and not e.icon then e.icon = e.code end if e.label then s = type(e.label) if s == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(e.label) if s == "" then s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].label %s", at, "suggestedvalues", i, "EMPTY") Fault(s) else story = s end elseif s == "table" then story = faraway(e.label) else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].label INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end s = false if type(e.icon) == "string" then t = mw.title.makeTitle(6, e.icon) if t and t.file.exists then local g = mw.html.create("span") s = string.format("[[%s|16px]]", t.prefixedText) g:attr("role", "presentation"):wikitext(s) s = tostring(g) end end if not s and not less and e.label then s = mw.ustring.char(0x2013) end if s then d = mw.html.create("span"):wikitext(s) if TemplateData.ltr then if not less then d:css("margin-left", "0.5em") end if story then d:css("margin-right", "0.5em") end else if not less then d:css("margin-right", "0.5em") end if story then d:css("margin-left", "0.5em") end end u:node(d) end if story then u:wikitext(story) end r1:newline():node(u) end -- for i end if not r1 and v ~= false then Fault(string.format("params.%s.suggestedvalues INVALID", at)) r1 = mw.html.create("code"):addClass("error"):wikitext("INVALID") end return r1, r2 end -- feasible() local function feat() -- Check and store parameter sequence. if Data.source then local i = 0 local s for k, v in pairs(Data.tree.params) do if i == 0 then Data.order = {} i = 1 s = k else i = 2 break -- for k, v end end -- for k, v if i > 1 then local pointers = {} local points = {} local given = {} for k, v in pairs(Data.tree.params) do i = facet(k, 1) if type(v) == "table" then if type(v.label) == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(v.label) if s == "" then s = k end else s = k end if given[s] then if given[s] == 1 then local scream = "Parameter label '%s' detected multiple times" Fault(string.format(scream, s)) given[s] = 2 end else given[s] = 1 end end if i then table.insert(points, i) pointers[i] = k i = facet(k, i) if i then s = "Parameter '%s' detected twice" Fault(string.format(s, k)) end else s = "Parameter '%s' not detected" Fault(string.format(s, k)) end end -- for k, v table.sort(points) for i = 1, #points do table.insert(Data.order, pointers[points[i]]) end -- i = 1, #points elseif s then table.insert(Data.order, s) end end end -- feat() local function feature(access) -- Create table row for parameter, check and display violations. -- Parameter: -- access -- string, with name -- Returns <tr>. local mode, s, status local fine = function(a) s = mw.text.trim(a) return a == s and a ~= "" and not a:find("%|=\n") and not a:find("%s%s") end local begin = mw.html.create("td") local code = mw.html.create("code") local desc = mw.html.create("td") local eager = mw.html.create("td") local legal = true local param = Data.tree.params[access] local ranking = { "required", "suggested", "optional", "deprecated" } local r = mw.html.create("tr") local styles = "mw-templatedata-doc-param-" local sort, typed for k, v in pairs(param) do if v == "" then param[k] = false end end -- for k, v -- label sort = param.label or access if sort:match("^%d+$") then begin:attr("data-sort-value", string.format("%05d", tonumber(sort))) end begin:css("font-weight", "700"):wikitext(sort) -- name and aliases code:css("font-size", "0.92em"):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(access) if not fine(access) then code:addClass("error") Fault(string.format("Bad ID params.<code>%s</code>", access)) legal = false begin:attr("data-sort-value", " " .. sort) end code = mw.html.create("td"):addClass(styles .. "name"):node(code) if access:match("^%d+$") then code:attr("data-sort-value", string.format("%05d", tonumber(access))) end if type(param.aliases) == "table" then local lapsus, syn for k, v in pairs(param.aliases) do code:tag("br") if type(v) == "string" then if not fine(v) then lapsus = true code:node(mw.html.create("span"):addClass("error"):css("font-style", "italic"):wikitext("string")) :wikitext(s) else if Config.supportAliases then s = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Config.supportAliases, mw.text.nowiki(s)) end syn = mw.html.create("span"):addClass(styles .. "alias"):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(s) code:node(syn) end else lapsus = true code:node(mw.html.create("code"):addClass("error"):wikitext(type(v))) end end -- for k, v if lapsus then s = string.format("params.<code>%s</code>.aliases", access) Fault(factory("invalid-value"):gsub("$1", s)) legal = false end end -- description etc. s = fashioned(param) if s then desc:node(s) end if param.style then s = type(param.style) if s == "table" then desc:css(param.style) elseif s == "string" then desc:cssText(param.style) end end if param.suggestedvalues or param.default or param.example or param.autovalue then local details = { "suggestedvalues", "default", "example", "autovalue", } local dl = mw.html.create("dl") local dd, section, show for i = 1, #details do s = details[i] show = param[s] if show then dd = mw.html.create("dd") section = factory("doc-param-" .. s) if s == "default" and Config.support4default then section = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Config.support4default, mw.text.nowiki(section)) end if param.type == "boolean" and (show == "0" or show == "1") then local boole = Permit.boole[(show == "1")] if boole.lead == true then dd:node(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(show)):wikitext(" ") end if type(boole.show) == "string" then local v = mw.html.create("span"):attr("aria-hidden", "true"):wikitext(boole.show) if boole.css then v:css(boole.css) end dd:node(v) end if type(boole.suffix) == "string" then dd:wikitext(boole.suffix) end if boole.lead == false then dd:wikitext(" "):node(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(show)) end elseif s == "suggestedvalues" then local v, css, class, ts = facilities(param) if v then local ul ul, v = feasible(param, access, v) if v then dd:newline():node(ul) if css then dd:css(css) if class then dd:addClass(class) end if ts then dd:newline() dd:node(ts) end end Data.params[access].suggestedvalues = v end end else dd:wikitext(show) end dl:node(mw.html.create("dt"):wikitext(section)):node(dd) end end -- i = 1, #details desc:node(dl) end -- type if type(param.type) == "string" then param.type = mw.text.trim(param.type) if param.type == "" then param.type = false end end if param.type then s = Permit.types[param.type] typed = mw.html.create("td"):addClass(styles .. "type") if s then if s == "string" then Data.params[access].type = s typed:wikitext(factory("doc-param-type-" .. s)):tag("br") typed:node(mw.html.create("span"):addClass("error"):wikitext(param.type)) Data.lasting = true else local support = Config["support4" .. param.type] s = factory("doc-param-type-" .. param.type) if support then s = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", support, s) end typed:wikitext(s) end else Data.params[access].type = "unknown" typed:addClass("error"):wikitext("INVALID") s = string.format("params.<code>%s</code>.type", access) Fault(factory("invalid-value"):gsub("$1", s)) legal = false end else typed = mw.html.create("td"):wikitext(factory("doc-param-type-unknown")) Data.params[access].type = "unknown" if param.default then Data.params[access].default = nil Fault("Default value requires <code>type</code>") legal = false end end typed:addClass("navigation-not-searchable") -- status if param.required then mode = 1 if param.autovalue then Fault(string.format("autovalued <code>%s</code> required", access)) legal = false end if param.default then Fault(string.format("Defaulted <code>%s</code> required", access)) legal = false end if param.deprecated then Fault(string.format("Required deprecated <code>%s</code>", access)) legal = false end elseif param.deprecated then mode = 4 elseif param.suggested then mode = 2 else mode = 3 end status = ranking[mode] ranking = factory("doc-param-status-" .. status) if mode == 1 or mode == 4 then ranking = mw.html.create("span"):css("font-weight", "700"):wikitext(ranking) if type(param.deprecated) == "string" then ranking:tag("br") ranking:wikitext(param.deprecated) end if param.suggested and mode == 4 then s = string.format("Suggesting deprecated <code>%s</code>", access) Fault(s) legal = false end end eager :attr("data-sort-value", tostring(mode)) :node(ranking) :addClass(string.format("%sstatus-%s %s", styles, status, "navigation-not-searchable")) -- <tr> r:attr("id", "templatedata:" .. mw.uri.anchorEncode(access)) :css(Permit.css[status]) :addClass(styles .. status) :node(begin) :node(code) :node(desc) :node(typed) :node(eager) :newline() if not legal then r:css("border", "3px solid #f00") end return r end -- feature() local function features() -- Create <table> for parameters. -- Returns <table>, or nil. local r if Data.tree and Data.tree.params then local tbl = mw.html.create("table") local tr = mw.html.create("tr") feat() if Data.order and #Data.order > 1 then tbl:addClass("sortable") end if type(Config.classTable) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Config.classTable) do tbl:addClass(v) end -- for k, v end if type(Config.cssTable) == "table" then tbl:css(Config.cssTable) end tr:addClass("navigation-not-searchable") :node( mw.html.create("th"):attr("colspan", "2"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-name")) ) :node(mw.html.create("th"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-desc"))) :node(mw.html.create("th"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-type"))) :node(mw.html.create("th"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-status"))) tbl :newline() -- :node( mw.html.create( "thead" ) :node(tr) -- ) :newline() if Data.order then local leave, s for i = 1, #Data.order do s = Data.order[i] if s:sub(1, 1) == "=" then leave = true tbl:node(fatten(s)) Data.order[i] = false elseif s:match("[=|]") then Fault(string.format("Bad param <code>%s</code>", s)) else tbl:node(feature(s)) end end -- for i = 1, #Data.order if leave then for i = #Data.order, 1, -1 do if not Data.order[i] then table.remove(Data.order, i) end end -- for i = #Data.order, 1, -1 end Data.tag.paramOrder = Data.order end if Config.cssTabWrap or Data.scroll then r = mw.html.create("div") if type(Config.cssTabWrap) == "table" then r:css(Config.cssTabWrap) elseif type(Config.cssTabWrap) == "string" then -- deprecated r:cssText(Config.cssTabWrap) end if Data.scroll then r:css("height", Data.scroll):css("overflow", "auto") end r:node(tbl) else r = tbl end end return r end -- features() local function fellow(any, assigned, at) -- Check sets[] parameter and issue error message, if necessary. -- Parameter: -- any -- should be number -- assigned -- parameter name -- at -- number, of set local s if type(any) ~= "number" then s = "<code>sets[%d].params[%s]</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, at, mw.text.nowiki(tostring(any)))) elseif type(assigned) == "string" then if not Data.got.params[assigned] then s = "<code>sets[%d].params %s</code> is undefined" Fault(string.format(s, at, assigned)) end else s = "<code>sets[%d].params[%d] = %s</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, k, type(assigned))) end end -- fellow() local function fellows() -- Check sets[] and issue error message, if necessary. local s if type(Data.got.sets) == "table" then if type(Data.got.params) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Data.got.sets) do if type(k) == "number" then if type(v) == "table" then for ek, ev in pairs(v) do if ek == "label" then s = type(ev) if s ~= "string" and s ~= "table" then s = "<code>sets[%d].label</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, k)) end elseif ek == "params" and type(ev) == "table" then for pk, pv in pairs(ev) do fellow(pk, pv, k) end -- for pk, pv else ek = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(ek)) s = "<code>sets[%d][%s]</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, k, ek)) end end -- for ek, ev else k = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(k)) v = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(v)) s = string.format("<code>sets[%s][%s]</code>??", k, v) Fault(s) end else k = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(k)) s = string.format("<code>sets[%s]</code> ?????", k) Fault(s) end end -- for k, v else s = "<code>params</code> required for <code>sets</code>" Fault(s) end else s = "<code>sets</code> needs to be of <code>object</code> type" Fault(s) end end -- fellows() local function finalize(advance) -- Wrap presentation into frame. -- Parameter: -- advance -- true, for nice -- Returns string. local r, lapsus if Data.div then r = tostring(Data.div) elseif Data.strip then r = Data.strip else lapsus = true r = "" end r = r .. failures() if Data.source then local live = (advance or lapsus) if not live then live = TemplateData.frame:preprocess("{{REVISIONID}}") live = (live == "") end if live then r = r .. fancy(advance, lapsus) end end return r end -- finalize() local function find() -- Find JSON data within page source (title). -- Returns string, or nil. local s = Data.title:getContent() local i, j = s:find("<templatedata>", 1, true) local r if i then local k = s:find("</templatedata>", j, true) if k then r = mw.text.trim(s:sub(j + 1, k - 1)) end end return r end -- find() local function flat(adjust) -- Remove formatting from text string for VisualEditor. -- Parameter: -- arglist -- string, to be stripped, or nil -- Returns string, or nil. local r if adjust then r = adjust:gsub("\n", " ") if r:find("<noexport>", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("<noexport>.*</noexport>", "") end if r:find("<exportonly>", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("</?exportonly>", "") end if r:find("''", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("'''", ""):gsub("''", "") end if r:find("<", 1, true) then local Text = Fetch("Text") r = r:gsub("<br */?>", "\r\n"):gsub("²", "&sup2;"):gsub("³", "&sup3;") r = Text.getPlain(r) end if r:find("[", 1, true) then local WLink = Fetch("WLink") if WLink.isBracketedURL(r) then r = r:gsub("%[([hf]tt?ps?://%S+) [^%]]+%]", "%1") end r = WLink.getPlain(r) end if r:find("&", 1, true) then r = mw.text.decode(r) if r:find("&shy;", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("&shy;", "") end end end return r end -- flat() local function flush() -- JSON encode narrowed input; obey unnamed (numerical) parameters. -- Returns <templatedata> JSON string. local r if Data.tag then r = mw.text.jsonEncode(Data.tag):gsub("%}$", ",") else r = "{" end r = r .. '\n"params":{' if Data.order then local sep = "" local s for i = 1, #Data.order do s = Data.order[i] r = string.format("%s%s\n%s:%s", r, sep, mw.text.jsonEncode(s), mw.text.jsonEncode(Data.params[s])) sep = ",\n" end -- for i = 1, #Data.order end r = r .. "\n}\n}" return r end -- flush() local function focus(access) -- Check components; focus multilingual description, build trees. -- Parameter: -- access -- string, name of parameter, nil for root local f = function(a, at) local r if at then r = string.format("<code>params.%s</code>", at) else r = "''root''" end if a then r = string.format("%s<code>.%s</code>", r, a) end return r end local parent if access then parent = Data.got.params[access] else parent = Data.got end if type(parent) == "table" then local elem, permit, s, scope, slot, tag, target if access then permit = Permit.params if type(access) == "number" then slot = tostring(access) else slot = access end else permit = Permit.root end for k, v in pairs(parent) do scope = permit[k] if scope then s = type(v) if s == "string" and k ~= "format" then v = mw.text.trim(v) end if scope:find(s, 1, true) then if scope:find("I18N", 1, true) then if s == "string" then elem = fair(v) elseif s == "table" then local translated v, translated = faraway(v) if v then if translated and k == "description" then elem = { [1] = fair(v), [2] = translated, } else elem = fair(v) end else elem = false end end if type(v) == "string" then if k == "deprecated" then if v == "1" then v = true elseif v == "0" then v = false end elem = v elseif scope:find("nowiki", 1, true) then elem = mw.text.nowiki(v) elem = elem:gsub("&#13;" .. string.char(10), "<br>") v = v:gsub(string.char(13), "") else v = flat(v) end elseif s == "boolean" then if scope:find("boolean", 1, true) then elem = v else s = "Type <code>boolean</code> bad for " .. f(k, slot) Fault(s) end end else if k == "params" and not access then v = nil elem = nil elseif k == "format" and not access then elem = mw.text.decode(v) v = nil elseif k == "inherits" then elem = v if not Data.heirs then Data.heirs = {} end Data.heirs[slot] = v v = nil elseif k == "style" then elem = v v = nil elseif s == "string" then v = mw.text.nowiki(v) elem = v else elem = v end end if type(elem) ~= "nil" then if not target then if access then if not Data.tree.params then Data.tree.params = {} end Data.tree.params[slot] = {} target = Data.tree.params[slot] else Data.tree = {} target = Data.tree end end target[k] = elem elem = false end if type(v) ~= "nil" then if not tag then if access then if type(v) == "string" and v.sub(1, 1) == "=" then v = nil else if not Data.params then Data.params = {} end Data.params[slot] = {} tag = Data.params[slot] end else Data.tag = {} tag = Data.tag end end if type(v) ~= "nil" and k ~= "suggestedvalues" then tag[k] = v end end else s = string.format("Type <code>%s</code> bad for %s", scope, f(k, slot)) Fault(s) end else Fault("Unknown component " .. f(k, slot)) end end -- for k, v if not access and Data.got.sets then fellows() end else Fault(f() .. " needs to be of <code>object</code> type") end end -- focus() local function format() -- Build formatted element. -- Returns <inline>. local source = Data.tree.format:lower() local r, s if source == "inline" or source == "block" then r = mw.html.create("i"):wikitext(source) else local code if source:find("|", 1, true) then local scan = "^[\n ]*%{%{[\n _]*|[\n _]*=[\n _]*%}%}[\n ]*$" if source:match(scan) then code = source:gsub("\n", "N") else s = mw.text.nowiki(source):gsub("\n", "&#92;n") s = tostring(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(s)) Fault("Invalid format " .. s) source = false end else local words = mw.text.split(source, "%s+") local show, start, support, unknown for i = 1, #words do s = words[i] if i == 1 then start = s end support = Permit.builder[s] if support == start or support == "*" then Permit.builder[s] = true elseif s:match("^[1-9]%d?") and Permit.builder.align then Permit.builder.align = tonumber(s) else if unknown then unknown = string.format("%s %s", unknown, s) else unknown = s end end end -- i = 1, #words if unknown then s = tostring(mw.html.create("code"):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(s)) Fault("Unknown/misplaced format keyword " .. s) source = false start = false end if start == "inline" then if Permit.builder.half == true then show = "inline half" code = "{{_ |_=_}}" elseif Permit.builder.grouped == true then show = "inline grouped" code = "{{_ | _=_}}" elseif Permit.builder.spaced == true then show = "inline spaced" code = "{{_ | _ = _ }}" end if Permit.builder.newlines == true then show = show or "inline" code = code or "{{_|_=_}}" show = show .. " newlines" code = string.format("N%sN", code) end elseif start == "block" then local space = "" -- amid "|" and name local spaced = " " -- preceding "=" local spacer = " " -- following "=" local suffix = "N" -- closing "}}" on new line show = "block" if Permit.builder.indent == true then start = " " show = "block indent" else start = "" end if Permit.builder.compressed == true then spaced = "" spacer = "" show = show .. " compressed" if Permit.builder.last == true then show = show .. " last" else suffix = "" end else if Permit.builder.lead == true then show = show .. " lead" space = " " end if type(Permit.builder.align) ~= "string" then local n s = " align" if Permit.builder.align == true then n = 0 if type(Data.got) == "table" and type(Data.got.params) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Data.got.params) do if type(v) == "table" and not v.deprecated and type(k) == "string" then k = mw.ustring.len(k) if k > n then n = k end end end -- for k, v end else n = Permit.builder.align if type(n) == "number" and n > 1 then s = string.format("%s %d", s, n) else n = 0 -- How come? end end if n > 1 then spaced = string.rep("_", n - 1) .. " " end show = show .. s elseif Permit.builder.after == true then spaced = "" show = show .. " after" elseif Permit.builder.dense == true then spaced = "" spacer = "" show = show .. " dense" end if Permit.builder.last == true then suffix = spacer show = show .. " last" end end code = string.format("N{{_N%s|%s_%s=%s_%s}}N", start, space, spaced, spacer, suffix) if show == "block" then show = "block newlines" end end if show then r = mw.html.create("span"):wikitext(show) end end if code then source = code:gsub("N", "\n") code = mw.text.nowiki(code):gsub("N", "&#92;n") code = mw.html.create("code"):css("margin-left", "1em"):css("margin-right", "1em"):wikitext(code) if r then r = mw.html.create("span"):node(r):node(code) else r = code end end end if source and Data.tag then Data.tag.format = source end return r end -- format() local function formatter() -- Build presented documentation. -- Returns <div>. local r = mw.html.create("div") local x = fashioned(Data.tree, true, r) local s if x then r = x end if Data.leading then local toc = mw.html.create("div") local shift if Config.suppressTOCnum then toc:addClass(Config.suppressTOCnum) if type(Config.stylesTOCnum) == "string" then local src = Config.stylesTOCnum .. "/styles.css" s = TemplateData.frame:extensionTag("templatestyles", nil, { src = src }) r:newline():node(s) end end toc:addClass("navigation-not-searchable"):css("margin-top", "0.5em"):wikitext("__TOC__") if Data.sibling then local block = mw.html.create("div") if TemplateData.ltr then shift = "right" else shift = "left" end block:css("float", shift):wikitext(Data.sibling) r:newline():node(block):newline() end r:newline():node(toc):newline() if shift then r:node(mw.html.create("div"):css("clear", shift)):newline() end end s = features() if s then if Data.leading then r:node(mw.html.create("h" .. Config.nested):wikitext(factory("doc-params"))):newline() end r:node(s) end if Data.shared then local global = mw.html.create("div"):attr("id", "templatedata-global") local shift if TemplateData.ltr then shift = "right" else shift = "left" end global:css("float", shift):wikitext(string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Data.shared, "Global")) r:newline():node(global) end if Data.tree and Data.tree.format then local e = format() if e then local show = "Format" if Config.supportFormat then show = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Config.supportFormat, show) end r:node(mw.html.create("p"):addClass("navigation-not-searchable"):wikitext(show .. ": "):node(e)) end end return r end -- formatter() local function free() -- Remove JSON comment lines. if Data.source:find("//", 1, true) then Data.source:gsub("([{,\"'])(%s*\n%s*//.*\n%s*)([{},\"'])", "%1%3") end end -- free() local function full() -- Build survey table from JSON data, append invisible <templatedata>. Data.div = mw.html.create("div"):addClass("mw-templatedata-doc-wrap") if Permit.css.bg then Data.div:css(Permit.css.bg) end if Permit.css.fg then Data.div:css(Permit.css.fg) end focus() if Data.tag then if type(Data.got.params) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Data.got.params) do focus(k) end -- for k, v if Data.heirs then fathers() end end end Data.div:node(formatter()) if not Data.lazy then Data.slim = flush() if TemplateData.frame then local div = mw.html.create("div") local tdata = { [1] = "templatedata", [2] = Data.slim, } Data.strip = TemplateData.frame:callParserFunction("#tag", tdata) div:wikitext(Data.strip) if Config.loudly then Data.div:node(mw.html.create("hr"):css({ height = "7ex" })) else div:css("display", "none") end Data.div:node(div) end end if Data.lasting then Fault("deprecated type syntax") end if Data.less then Fault(Config.solo) end end -- full() local function furnish(adapt, arglist) -- Analyze transclusion. -- Parameter: -- adapt -- table, #invoke parameters -- arglist -- table, template parameters -- Returns string. local source favorize() -- deprecated: for k, v in pairs(Config.basicCnf) do if adapt[k] and adapt[k] ~= "" then Config[v] = adapt[k] end end -- for k, v if arglist.heading and arglist.heading:match("^[3-6]$") then Config.nested = arglist.heading else Config.nested = "2" end Config.loudly = faculty(arglist.debug or adapt.debug) Data.lazy = faculty(arglist.lazy) and not Config.loudly Data.leading = faculty(arglist.TOC) if Data.leading and arglist.TOCsibling then Data.sibling = mw.text.trim(arglist.TOCsibling) end if arglist.lang then Data.slang = arglist.lang:lower() elseif adapt.lang then Data.slang = adapt.lang:lower() end if arglist.JSON then source = arglist.JSON elseif arglist.Global then source = TemplateData.getGlobalJSON(arglist.Global, arglist.Local) elseif arglist[1] then local s = mw.text.trim(arglist[1]) local start = s:sub(1, 1) if start == "<" then Data.strip = s elseif start == "{" then source = s elseif mw.ustring.sub(s, 1, 8) == mw.ustring.char(127, 39, 34, 96, 85, 78, 73, 81) then Data.strip = s end end if type(arglist.vertical) == "string" and arglist.vertical:match("^%d*%.?%d+[emprx]+$") then Data.scroll = arglist.vertical end if not source then Data.title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() source = find() if not source and not Data.title.text:match(Config.subpage) then local s = string.format(Config.suffix, Data.title.prefixedText) Data.title = mw.title.new(s) if Data.title.exists then source = find() end end end if not Data.lazy then if not Data.title then Data.title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() end Data.lazy = Data.title.text:match(Config.subpage) end if type(source) == "string" then TemplateData.getPlainJSON(source) end return finalize(faculty(arglist.source)) end -- furnish() Failsafe.failsafe = function(atleast) -- Retrieve versioning and check for compliance. -- Precondition: -- atleast -- string, with required version -- or wikidata|item|~|@ or false -- Postcondition: -- Returns string -- with queried version/item, also if problem -- false -- if appropriate -- 2024-03-01 local since = atleast local last = (since == "~") local linked = (since == "@") local link = (since == "item") local r if last or link or linked or since == "wikidata" then local item = Failsafe.item since = false if type(item) == "number" and item > 0 then local suited = string.format("Q%d", item) if link then r = suited else local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(suited) if type(entity) == "table" then local seek = Failsafe.serialProperty or "P348" local vsn = entity:formatPropertyValues(seek) if type(vsn) == "table" and type(vsn.value) == "string" and vsn.value ~= "" then if last and vsn.value == Failsafe.serial then r = false elseif linked then if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText == mw.wikibase.getSitelink(suited) then r = false else r = suited end else r = vsn.value end end end end elseif link then r = false end end if type(r) == "nil" then if not since or since <= Failsafe.serial then r = Failsafe.serial else r = false end end return r end -- Failsafe.failsafe() TemplateData.getGlobalJSON = function(access, adapt) -- Retrieve TemplateData from a global repository (JSON). -- Parameter: -- access -- string, with page specifier (on WikiMedia Commons) -- adapt -- JSON string or table with local overrides -- Returns true, if succeeded. local plugin = Fetch("/global") local r if type(plugin) == "table" and type(plugin.fetch) == "function" then local s, got = plugin.fetch(access, adapt) if got then Data.got = got Data.order = got.paramOrder Data.shared = s r = true full() else Fault(s) end end return r end -- TemplateData.getGlobalJSON() TemplateData.getPlainJSON = function(adapt) -- Reduce enhanced JSON data to plain text localized JSON. -- Parameter: -- adapt -- string, with enhanced JSON -- Returns string, or not. if type(adapt) == "string" then -- local JSONutil = Fetch("JSONutil", true) -- DON'T check for Module:JSONutil. (doesn't exist in English WP, blocked from creation.) local JSONutil = nil -- DO act as if Fetch() failed. Data.source = adapt free() if JSONutil then local Multilingual = Fetch("Multilingual", true) local f if Multilingual then f = Multilingual.i18n end Data.got = JSONutil.fetch(Data.source, true, f) else local lucky lucky, Data.got = pcall(mw.text.jsonDecode, Data.source) end if type(Data.got) == "table" then full() elseif not Data.strip then local scream = type(Data.got) if scream == "string" then scream = Data.got else scream = "Data.got: " .. scream end Fault("fatal JSON error: " .. scream) end end return Data.slim end -- TemplateData.getPlainJSON() TemplateData.test = function(adapt, arglist) TemplateData.frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() return furnish(adapt, arglist) end -- TemplateData.test() -- Export. local p = {} p.f = function(frame) -- Template call. local lucky, r TemplateData.frame = frame lucky, r = pcall(furnish, frame.args, frame:getParent().args) if not lucky then Fault("INTERNAL: " .. r) r = failures() end return r end -- p.f p.failsafe = function(frame) -- Versioning interface. local s = type(frame) local since if s == "table" then since = frame.args[1] elseif s == "string" then since = frame end if since then since = mw.text.trim(since) if since == "" then since = false end end return Failsafe.failsafe(since) or "" end -- p.failsafe p.TemplateData = function() -- Module interface. return TemplateData end setmetatable(p, { __call = function(func, ...) setmetatable(p, nil) return Failsafe end, }) return p 2dd3b90kpdohdijcui9w39wr2ft47sq 121050 121049 2026-09-04T22:05:07Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Format_TemplateData]] 121049 Scribunto text/plain local TemplateData = { item = 46997995, serial = "2025-02-07", suite = "TemplateData" } local Failsafe = TemplateData local Config = { -- Multiple option names mapped into unique internal fields. basicCnf = { catProblem = "strange", classMultiColumns = "selMultClm", classNoNumTOC = "suppressTOCnum", classTable = "classTable", cssParWrap = "cssTabWrap", cssParams = "cssTable", docpageCreate = "suffix", docpageDetect = "subpage", helpAliases = "supportAliases", helpBoolean = "support4boolean", helpContent = "support4content", helpDate = "support4date", helpDefault = "support4default", helpFile = "support4wiki-file-name", helpFormat = "supportFormat", helpLine = "support4line", helpNumber = "support4number", helpPage = "support4wiki-page-name", helpString = "support4string", helpTemplate = "support4wiki-template-name", helpURL = "support4url", helpUser = "support4wiki-user-name", msgDescMiss = "solo", tStylesMultiColumns = "stylesMultClm", tStylesTOCnum = "stylesTOCnum" }, classTable = { "wikitable" }, -- Classes for params table cssTable = false, -- Styles for params table cssTabWrap = false, -- Styles for params table wrapper debug = false, debugmultilang = "#c0c0c0", jsonDebug = "json-code-lint", -- Class for jsonDebug tool loudly = false, -- Show exported element, etc. solo = false, -- Complaint on missing description strange = false, -- Title of maintenance category subpage = false, -- Pattern to identify subpage suffix = false, -- Subpage creation scheme suppressTOCnum = false -- Class for TOC number suppression } local Data = { div = false, -- <div class="mw-templatedata-doc-wrap"> got = false, -- table, initial templatedata object heirs = false, -- table, params that are inherited jump = false, -- source position at end of "params" less = false, -- main description missing lasting = false, -- old syntax encountered lazy = false, -- doc mode; do not generate effective <templatedata> leading = false, -- show TOC -- low = false, -- 1= mode order = false, -- parameter sequence params = false, -- table, exported parameters scream = false, -- error messages sibling = false, -- TOC juxtaposed slang = nil, -- project/user language code slim = false, -- JSON reduced to plain source = false, -- JSON input strip = false, -- <templatedata> evaluation tag = false, -- table, exported root element title = false, -- page tree = false -- table, rewritten templatedata object } local Permit = { builder = { after = "block", align = "block", block = "block", compressed = "block", dense = "block", grouped = "inline", half = "inline", indent = "block", inline = "inline", last = "block", lead = "block", newlines = "*", spaced = "inline" }, colors = { bg = "var(--background-color-base, #fff)", deprecated = "#ffcbcb", fg = "var(--color-base, #000)", optional = "#eaecf0", required = "#eaf3ff", suggested = "#fff", tableheadbg = "var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #b3b7ff)" }, params = { aliases = "table", autovalue = "string", default = "string table I18N nowiki", deprecated = "boolean string I18N", description = "string table I18N", example = "string table I18N nowiki", inherits = "string", label = "string table I18N", required = "boolean", style = "string table", suggested = "boolean", suggestedvalues = "string table number boolean", type = "string" }, root = { description = "string table I18N", format = "string", maps = "table", paramOrder = "table", params = "table", sets = "table" }, search = "[{,]%%s*(['\"])%s%%1%%s*:%%s*%%{", types = { boolean = true, content = true, date = true, line = true, number = true, string = true, unknown = true, url = true, ["string/line"] = "line", ["string/wiki-page-name"] = "wiki-page-name", ["string/wiki-user-name"] = "wiki-user-name", ["unbalanced-wikitext"] = true, ["wiki-file-name"] = true, ["wiki-page-name"] = true, ["wiki-template-name"] = true, ["wiki-user-name"] = true } } local function Fault(alert) -- Memorize error message. -- Parameter: -- alert -- string, error message if Data.scream then Data.scream = string.format("%s *** %s", Data.scream, alert) else Data.scream = alert end end -- Fault() local function Fetch(ask, allow) -- Fetch module. -- Parameter: -- ask -- string, with name -- "/global" -- "JSONutil" -- "Multilingual" -- "Text" -- "WLink" -- allow -- true: no error if unavailable -- Returns table of module -- Error: Module not available local sign = ask local r, stem if sign:sub(1, 1) == "/" then sign = TemplateData.frame:getTitle() .. sign else stem = sign sign = "Module:" .. stem end if TemplateData.extern then r = TemplateData.extern[sign] else TemplateData.extern = {} end if not r then local lucky, g = pcall(require, sign) if type(g) == "table" then if stem and type(g[stem]) == "function" then r = g[stem]() else r = g end TemplateData.extern[sign] = r elseif not allow then error(string.format("Fetch(%s) %s", sign, g), 0) end end return r end -- Fetch() local function Foreign() -- Guess human language, returns slang or not. if type(Data.slang) == "nil" then local Multilingual = Fetch("Multilingual", true) if Multilingual and type(Multilingual.userLangCode) == "function" then Data.slang = Multilingual.userLangCode() else Data.slang = mw.language.getContentLanguage():getCode():lower() end end if Data.slang and mw.ustring.codepoint(Data.slang, 1, 1) > 122 then Data.slang = false end return Data.slang end -- Foreign() local function facet(ask, at) -- Find physical position of parameter definition in JSON. -- Parameter: -- ask -- string, parameter name -- at -- number, physical position within definition -- Returns number or nil. local seek = string.format(Permit.search, ask:gsub("%%", "%%%%"):gsub("([%-.()+*?^$%[%]])", "%%%1")) local i, k, r, slice, source if not Data.jump then Data.jump = Data.source:find("params", 2) if Data.jump then Data.jump = Data.jump + 7 else Data.jump = 1 end end i, k = Data.source:find(seek, at + Data.jump) while i and not r do source = Data.source:sub(k + 1) slice = source:match('^%s*"([^"]+)"s*:') if not slice then slice = source:match("^%s*'([^']+)'%s*:") end if (slice and Permit.params[slice]) or source:match("^%s*%}") then r = k else i, k = Data.source:find(seek, k) end end -- while i return r end -- facet() local function facilities(apply) -- Retrieve details of suggestedvalues. -- Parameter: -- apply -- table, with plain or enhanced values -- .suggestedvalues -- table|string|number, or more -- Returns -- 1 -- table, with suggestedvalues -- 2 -- table, with CSS map, or not -- 3 -- string, with class, or not -- 4 -- string, with templatestyles, or not local elements = apply.suggestedvalues local s = type(elements) local r1, r2, r3, r4 if s == "table" then local values = elements.values if type(values) == "table" then r1 = values if type(elements.scroll) == "string" then r2 = r2 or {} r2.height = apply.scroll r2.overflow = "auto" end if type(elements.minwidth) == "string" then local s = type(elements.maxcolumns) r2 = r2 or {} r2["column-width"] = elements.minwidth if s == "string" or s == "number" then s = tostring(elements.maxcolumns) r2["column-count"] = s end if type(Config.selMultClm) == "string" then r3 = Config.selMultClm end if type(Config.stylesMultClm) == "string" then local src = Config.stylesMultClm .. "/styles.css" r4 = TemplateData.frame:extensionTag("templatestyles", nil, { src = src }) end end elseif elements and elements ~= "" then r1 = elements end elseif s == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(about) if s ~= "" then r1 = {} table.insert(r1, { code = s }) end elseif s == "number" then r1 = {} table.insert(r1, { code = tostring(elements) }) end return r1, r2, r3, r4 end -- facilities() local function factory(adapt) -- Retrieve localized text from system message. -- Parameter: -- adapt -- string, message ID after "templatedata-" -- Returns string, with localized text local o = mw.message.new("templatedata-" .. adapt) if Foreign() then o:inLanguage(Data.slang) end return o:plain() end -- factory() local function faculty(adjust) -- Test template argument for Boolean. -- adjust -- string or nil -- Returns boolean. local s = type(adjust) local r if s == "string" then r = mw.text.trim(adjust) r = (r ~= "" and r ~= "0") elseif s == "boolean" then r = adjust else r = false end return r end -- faculty() local function failures() -- Retrieve error collection and category, returns string. local r if Data.scream then local e = mw.html.create("span"):addClass("error"):wikitext(Data.scream) r = tostring(e) mw.addWarning("'''TemplateData'''<br />" .. Data.scream) if Config.strange then r = string.format("%s[[category:%s]]", r, Config.strange) end else r = "" end return r end -- failures() local function fair(adjust) -- Reduce text to one line of plain text, or noexport wikitext blocks. -- adjust -- string -- Returns string with adjusted text. local f = function(a) return a:gsub("%s*\n%s*", " "):gsub("%s%s+", " ") end local tags = { { start = "<noexport>", stop = "</noexport>", }, { start = "<exportonly>", stop = "</exportonly>", l = false, }, } local r = adjust local i, j, k, s, tag for m = 1, 2 do tag = tags[m] if r:find(tag.start, 1, true) then s = r r = "" i = 1 tag.l = true j, k = s:find(tag.start, i, true) while j do if j > 1 then r = r .. f(s:sub(i, j - 1)) end i = k + 1 j, k = s:find(tag.stop, i, true) if j then if m == 1 then r = r .. s:sub(i, j - 1) end i = k + 1 j, k = s:find(tag.start, i, true) else Fault("missing " .. tag.stop) end end -- while j r = r .. s:sub(i) elseif m == 1 then r = f(r) end end -- for m if tags[2].l then r = r:gsub("<exportonly>.*</exportonly>", "") end return r end -- fair() local function fancy(advance, alert) -- Present JSON source. -- Parameter: -- advance -- true, for nice -- alert -- true, for visible -- Returns string. local r if Data.source then local support = Config.jsonDebug local css if advance then css = { height = "6em", resize = "vertical", } r = { [1] = "syntaxhighlight", [2] = Data.source, lang = "json", style = table.concat(css, ";"), } if alert then r.class(support) end r = TemplateData.frame:callParserFunction("#tag", r) else css = { ["font-size"] = "0.77em", ["line-height"] = "1.35", } if alert then css.resize = "vertical" else css.display = "none" end r = mw.html.create("pre"):addClass(support):css(css):wikitext(mw.text.encode(Data.source)) r = tostring(r) end r = "\n" .. r else r = "" end return r end -- fancy() local function faraway(alternatives) -- Retrieve best language version from multilingual text. -- Parameter: -- alternatives -- table, to be evaluated -- Returns -- 1 -- string, with best match -- 2 -- table of other versions, if any local n = 0 local variants = {} local r1, r2 for k, v in pairs(alternatives) do if type(v) == "string" then v = mw.text.trim(v) if v ~= "" and type(k) == "string" then k = k:lower() variants[k] = v n = n + 1 end end end -- for k, v if n > 0 then local Multilingual = Fetch("Multilingual", true) if Multilingual and type(Multilingual.i18n) == "function" then local show, slang = Multilingual.i18n(variants) if show then r1 = show variants[slang] = nil r2 = variants end end if not r1 then Foreign() for k, v in pairs(variants) do if n == 1 then r1 = v elseif Data.slang == k then variants[k] = nil r1 = v r2 = variants end end -- for k, v end if r2 and Multilingual then for k, v in pairs(r2) do if v and not Multilingual.isLang(k, true) then Fault(string.format("%s <code>lang=%s</code>", "Invalid", k)) end end -- for k, v end end return r1, r2 end -- faraway() local function fashioned(about, asked, assign) -- Create description head. -- Parameter: -- about -- table, supposed to contain description -- asked -- true, if mandatory description -- assign -- <block>, if to be equipped -- Returns <block> with head, or nil. local para = assign or mw.html.create("div") local plus, r if about and about.description then if type(about.description) == "string" then para:wikitext(about.description) else para:wikitext(about.description[1]) plus = mw.html.create("ul") plus:css("text-align", "left") for k, v in pairs(about.description[2]) do plus:node( mw.html .create("li") :node(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(k)) :node(mw.html.create("br")) :wikitext(fair(v)) ) end -- for k, v if Config.loudly then plus = mw.html .create("div") :css("background-color", Config.debugmultilang) :css("color", "inherit") :node(plus) else plus:addClass("templatedata-maintain"):css("display", "none") end end elseif Config.solo and asked then para:addClass("error"):wikitext(Config.solo) Data.less = true else para = false end if para then if plus then r = mw.html.create("div"):node(para):node(plus) else r = para end end return r end -- fashioned() local function fatten(access) -- Create table row for subheadline. -- Parameter: -- access -- string, with name -- Returns <tr>. local param = Data.tree.params[access] local sub, sort = access:match("(=+)%s*(%S.*)$") local headline = mw.html.create(string.format("h%d", #sub)) local r = mw.html.create("tr") local td = mw.html.create("td"):attr("colspan", "5"):attr("data-sort-value", "!" .. sort) local s if param.style then s = type(param.style) if s == "table" then td:css(param.style) elseif s == "string" then td:cssText(param.style) end end s = fashioned(param, false, headline) if s then headline = s else headline:wikitext(sort) end td:node(headline) r:node(td) return r end -- fatten() local function fathers() -- Merge parameters with inherited values. local n = 0 local p = Data.params local t = Data.tree.params local p2, t2 for k, v in pairs(Data.heirs) do n = n + 1 end -- for k, v for i = 1, n do if Data.heirs then for k, v in pairs(Data.heirs) do if v and not Data.heirs[v] then n = n - 1 t[k].inherits = nil Data.heirs[k] = nil p2 = {} t2 = {} if p[v] then for k2, v2 in pairs(p[v]) do p2[k2] = v2 end -- for k2, v2 if p[k] then for k2, v2 in pairs(p[k]) do if type(v2) ~= "nil" then p2[k2] = v2 end end -- for k2, v2 end p[k] = p2 for k2, v2 in pairs(t[v]) do t2[k2] = v2 end -- for k2, v2 for k2, v2 in pairs(t[k]) do if type(v2) ~= "nil" then t2[k2] = v2 end end -- for k2, v2 t[k] = t2 else Fault("No params[] inherits " .. v) end end end -- for k, v end end -- i = 1, n if n > 0 then local s for k, v in pairs(Data.heirs) do if v then if s then s = string.format("%s &#124; %s", s, k) else s = "Circular inherits: " .. k end end end -- for k, v Fault(s) end end -- fathers() local function favorize() -- Local customization issues. local boole = { ["font-size"] = "1.25em" } local l, cx = pcall(mw.loadData, TemplateData.frame:getTitle() .. "/config") local scripting, style TemplateData.ltr = not mw.language.getContentLanguage():isRTL() if TemplateData.ltr then scripting = "left" else scripting = "right" end boole["margin-" .. scripting] = "3em" Permit.boole = { [false] = { css = boole, lead = true, show = "&#x2610;", }, [true] = { css = boole, lead = true, show = "&#x2611;", }, } Permit.css = {} for k, v in pairs(Permit.colors) do if k == "tableheadbg" then k = "tablehead" end if k == "fg" then style = "color" else style = "background-color" end Permit.css[k] = {} Permit.css[k][style] = v end -- for k, v if type(cx) == "table" then local c, s if type(cx.permit) == "table" then if type(cx.permit.boole) == "table" then if type(cx.permit.boole[true]) == "table" then Permit.boole[false] = cx.permit.boole[false] end if type(cx.permit.boole[true]) == "table" then Permit.boole[true] = cx.permit.boole[true] end end if type(cx.permit.css) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(cx.permit.css) do if type(v) == "table" then Permit.css[k] = v end end -- for k, v end end for k, v in pairs(Config.basicCnf) do s = type(cx[k]) if s == "string" or s == "table" then Config[v] = cx[k] end end -- for k, v end if type(Config.subpage) ~= "string" or type(Config.suffix) ~= "string" then local got = mw.message.new("templatedata-doc-subpage") local suffix if got:isDisabled() then suffix = "doc" else suffix = got:plain() end if type(Config.subpage) ~= "string" then Config.subpage = string.format("/%s$", suffix) end if type(Config.suffix) ~= "string" then Config.suffix = string.format("%%s/%s", suffix) end end end -- favorize() local function feasible(all, at, about) -- Deal with suggestedvalues within parameter. -- Parameter: -- all -- parameter details -- .default -- .type -- at -- string, with parameter name -- about -- suggestedvalues -- table, -- value and possibly description -- table may have elements: -- .code -- mandatory -- .label -- table|string -- .support -- table|string -- .icon -- string -- .class -- table|string -- .css -- table -- .style -- string -- .less -- true: suppress code -- Returns -- 1: mw.html object <ul> -- 2: sequence table with values, or nil local h = {} local e, r1, r2, s, v if #about > 0 then for i = 1, #about do e = about[i] s = type(e) if s == "table" then if type(e.code) == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(e.code) if s == "" then e = nil else e.code = s end else e = nil s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d] %s", at, "suggestedvalues", i, "MISSING 'code:'") end elseif s == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(e) if s == "" then e = nil s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d] EMPTY", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) else e = { code = s } end elseif s == "number" then e = { code = tostring(e) } else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d] INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) e = false end if e then v = v or {} table.insert(v, e) if h[e.code] then s = string.format("params.%s.%s REPEATED %s", at, "suggestedvalues", e.code) Fault(s) else h[e.code] = true end end end -- for i else Fault(string.format("params.%s.suggestedvalues %s", at, "NOT AN ARRAY")) end if v then local code, d, k, less, story, swift, t, u r1 = mw.html.create("ul") r2 = {} for i = 1, #v do u = mw.html.create("li") e = v[i] table.insert(r2, e.code) story = false less = (e.less == true) if not less then swift = e.code if e.support then local scream, support s = type(e.support) if s == "string" then support = e.support elseif s == "table" then support = faraway(e.support) else scream = "INVALID" end if support then s = mw.text.trim(support) if s == "" then scream = "EMPTY" elseif s:find("[%[%]|%<%>]") then scream = "BAD PAGE" else support = s end end if scream then s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].support %s", at, "suggestedvalues", i, scream) Fault(s) else swift = string.format("[[:%s|%s]]", support, swift) end end if all.type:sub(1, 5) == "wiki-" and swift == e.code then local rooms = { file = 6, temp = 10, user = 2, } local ns = rooms[all.type:sub(6, 9)] or 0 t = mw.title.makeTitle(ns, swift) if t and t.exists then swift = string.format("[[:%s|%s]]", t.prefixedText, swift) end end if e.code == all.default then k = 800 else k = 300 end code = mw.html.create("code"):css("font-weight", tostring(k)):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(swift) u:node(code) end if e.class then s = type(e.class) if s == "string" then u:addClass(e.class) elseif s == "table" then for k, s in pairs(e.class) do u:addClass(s) end -- for k, s else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].class INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end if e.css then if type(e.css) == "table" then u:css(e.css) else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].css INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end if e.style then if type(e.style) == "string" then u:cssText(e.style) else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].style INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end if all.type == "wiki-file-name" and not e.icon then e.icon = e.code end if e.label then s = type(e.label) if s == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(e.label) if s == "" then s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].label %s", at, "suggestedvalues", i, "EMPTY") Fault(s) else story = s end elseif s == "table" then story = faraway(e.label) else s = string.format("params.%s.%s[%d].label INVALID", at, "suggestedvalues", i) Fault(s) end end s = false if type(e.icon) == "string" then t = mw.title.makeTitle(6, e.icon) if t and t.file.exists then local g = mw.html.create("span") s = string.format("[[%s|16px]]", t.prefixedText) g:attr("role", "presentation"):wikitext(s) s = tostring(g) end end if not s and not less and e.label then s = mw.ustring.char(0x2013) end if s then d = mw.html.create("span"):wikitext(s) if TemplateData.ltr then if not less then d:css("margin-left", "0.5em") end if story then d:css("margin-right", "0.5em") end else if not less then d:css("margin-right", "0.5em") end if story then d:css("margin-left", "0.5em") end end u:node(d) end if story then u:wikitext(story) end r1:newline():node(u) end -- for i end if not r1 and v ~= false then Fault(string.format("params.%s.suggestedvalues INVALID", at)) r1 = mw.html.create("code"):addClass("error"):wikitext("INVALID") end return r1, r2 end -- feasible() local function feat() -- Check and store parameter sequence. if Data.source then local i = 0 local s for k, v in pairs(Data.tree.params) do if i == 0 then Data.order = {} i = 1 s = k else i = 2 break -- for k, v end end -- for k, v if i > 1 then local pointers = {} local points = {} local given = {} for k, v in pairs(Data.tree.params) do i = facet(k, 1) if type(v) == "table" then if type(v.label) == "string" then s = mw.text.trim(v.label) if s == "" then s = k end else s = k end if given[s] then if given[s] == 1 then local scream = "Parameter label '%s' detected multiple times" Fault(string.format(scream, s)) given[s] = 2 end else given[s] = 1 end end if i then table.insert(points, i) pointers[i] = k i = facet(k, i) if i then s = "Parameter '%s' detected twice" Fault(string.format(s, k)) end else s = "Parameter '%s' not detected" Fault(string.format(s, k)) end end -- for k, v table.sort(points) for i = 1, #points do table.insert(Data.order, pointers[points[i]]) end -- i = 1, #points elseif s then table.insert(Data.order, s) end end end -- feat() local function feature(access) -- Create table row for parameter, check and display violations. -- Parameter: -- access -- string, with name -- Returns <tr>. local mode, s, status local fine = function(a) s = mw.text.trim(a) return a == s and a ~= "" and not a:find("%|=\n") and not a:find("%s%s") end local begin = mw.html.create("td") local code = mw.html.create("code") local desc = mw.html.create("td") local eager = mw.html.create("td") local legal = true local param = Data.tree.params[access] local ranking = { "required", "suggested", "optional", "deprecated" } local r = mw.html.create("tr") local styles = "mw-templatedata-doc-param-" local sort, typed for k, v in pairs(param) do if v == "" then param[k] = false end end -- for k, v -- label sort = param.label or access if sort:match("^%d+$") then begin:attr("data-sort-value", string.format("%05d", tonumber(sort))) end begin:css("font-weight", "700"):wikitext(sort) -- name and aliases code:css("font-size", "0.92em"):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(access) if not fine(access) then code:addClass("error") Fault(string.format("Bad ID params.<code>%s</code>", access)) legal = false begin:attr("data-sort-value", " " .. sort) end code = mw.html.create("td"):addClass(styles .. "name"):node(code) if access:match("^%d+$") then code:attr("data-sort-value", string.format("%05d", tonumber(access))) end if type(param.aliases) == "table" then local lapsus, syn for k, v in pairs(param.aliases) do code:tag("br") if type(v) == "string" then if not fine(v) then lapsus = true code:node(mw.html.create("span"):addClass("error"):css("font-style", "italic"):wikitext("string")) :wikitext(s) else if Config.supportAliases then s = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Config.supportAliases, mw.text.nowiki(s)) end syn = mw.html.create("span"):addClass(styles .. "alias"):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(s) code:node(syn) end else lapsus = true code:node(mw.html.create("code"):addClass("error"):wikitext(type(v))) end end -- for k, v if lapsus then s = string.format("params.<code>%s</code>.aliases", access) Fault(factory("invalid-value"):gsub("$1", s)) legal = false end end -- description etc. s = fashioned(param) if s then desc:node(s) end if param.style then s = type(param.style) if s == "table" then desc:css(param.style) elseif s == "string" then desc:cssText(param.style) end end if param.suggestedvalues or param.default or param.example or param.autovalue then local details = { "suggestedvalues", "default", "example", "autovalue", } local dl = mw.html.create("dl") local dd, section, show for i = 1, #details do s = details[i] show = param[s] if show then dd = mw.html.create("dd") section = factory("doc-param-" .. s) if s == "default" and Config.support4default then section = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Config.support4default, mw.text.nowiki(section)) end if param.type == "boolean" and (show == "0" or show == "1") then local boole = Permit.boole[(show == "1")] if boole.lead == true then dd:node(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(show)):wikitext(" ") end if type(boole.show) == "string" then local v = mw.html.create("span"):attr("aria-hidden", "true"):wikitext(boole.show) if boole.css then v:css(boole.css) end dd:node(v) end if type(boole.suffix) == "string" then dd:wikitext(boole.suffix) end if boole.lead == false then dd:wikitext(" "):node(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(show)) end elseif s == "suggestedvalues" then local v, css, class, ts = facilities(param) if v then local ul ul, v = feasible(param, access, v) if v then dd:newline():node(ul) if css then dd:css(css) if class then dd:addClass(class) end if ts then dd:newline() dd:node(ts) end end Data.params[access].suggestedvalues = v end end else dd:wikitext(show) end dl:node(mw.html.create("dt"):wikitext(section)):node(dd) end end -- i = 1, #details desc:node(dl) end -- type if type(param.type) == "string" then param.type = mw.text.trim(param.type) if param.type == "" then param.type = false end end if param.type then s = Permit.types[param.type] typed = mw.html.create("td"):addClass(styles .. "type") if s then if s == "string" then Data.params[access].type = s typed:wikitext(factory("doc-param-type-" .. s)):tag("br") typed:node(mw.html.create("span"):addClass("error"):wikitext(param.type)) Data.lasting = true else local support = Config["support4" .. param.type] s = factory("doc-param-type-" .. param.type) if support then s = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", support, s) end typed:wikitext(s) end else Data.params[access].type = "unknown" typed:addClass("error"):wikitext("INVALID") s = string.format("params.<code>%s</code>.type", access) Fault(factory("invalid-value"):gsub("$1", s)) legal = false end else typed = mw.html.create("td"):wikitext(factory("doc-param-type-unknown")) Data.params[access].type = "unknown" if param.default then Data.params[access].default = nil Fault("Default value requires <code>type</code>") legal = false end end typed:addClass("navigation-not-searchable") -- status if param.required then mode = 1 if param.autovalue then Fault(string.format("autovalued <code>%s</code> required", access)) legal = false end if param.default then Fault(string.format("Defaulted <code>%s</code> required", access)) legal = false end if param.deprecated then Fault(string.format("Required deprecated <code>%s</code>", access)) legal = false end elseif param.deprecated then mode = 4 elseif param.suggested then mode = 2 else mode = 3 end status = ranking[mode] ranking = factory("doc-param-status-" .. status) if mode == 1 or mode == 4 then ranking = mw.html.create("span"):css("font-weight", "700"):wikitext(ranking) if type(param.deprecated) == "string" then ranking:tag("br") ranking:wikitext(param.deprecated) end if param.suggested and mode == 4 then s = string.format("Suggesting deprecated <code>%s</code>", access) Fault(s) legal = false end end eager :attr("data-sort-value", tostring(mode)) :node(ranking) :addClass(string.format("%sstatus-%s %s", styles, status, "navigation-not-searchable")) -- <tr> r:attr("id", "templatedata:" .. mw.uri.anchorEncode(access)) :css(Permit.css[status]) :addClass(styles .. status) :node(begin) :node(code) :node(desc) :node(typed) :node(eager) :newline() if not legal then r:css("border", "3px solid #f00") end return r end -- feature() local function features() -- Create <table> for parameters. -- Returns <table>, or nil. local r if Data.tree and Data.tree.params then local tbl = mw.html.create("table") local tr = mw.html.create("tr") feat() if Data.order and #Data.order > 1 then tbl:addClass("sortable") end if type(Config.classTable) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Config.classTable) do tbl:addClass(v) end -- for k, v end if type(Config.cssTable) == "table" then tbl:css(Config.cssTable) end tr:addClass("navigation-not-searchable") :node( mw.html.create("th"):attr("colspan", "2"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-name")) ) :node(mw.html.create("th"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-desc"))) :node(mw.html.create("th"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-type"))) :node(mw.html.create("th"):css(Permit.css.tablehead):wikitext(factory("doc-param-status"))) tbl :newline() -- :node( mw.html.create( "thead" ) :node(tr) -- ) :newline() if Data.order then local leave, s for i = 1, #Data.order do s = Data.order[i] if s:sub(1, 1) == "=" then leave = true tbl:node(fatten(s)) Data.order[i] = false elseif s:match("[=|]") then Fault(string.format("Bad param <code>%s</code>", s)) else tbl:node(feature(s)) end end -- for i = 1, #Data.order if leave then for i = #Data.order, 1, -1 do if not Data.order[i] then table.remove(Data.order, i) end end -- for i = #Data.order, 1, -1 end Data.tag.paramOrder = Data.order end if Config.cssTabWrap or Data.scroll then r = mw.html.create("div") if type(Config.cssTabWrap) == "table" then r:css(Config.cssTabWrap) elseif type(Config.cssTabWrap) == "string" then -- deprecated r:cssText(Config.cssTabWrap) end if Data.scroll then r:css("height", Data.scroll):css("overflow", "auto") end r:node(tbl) else r = tbl end end return r end -- features() local function fellow(any, assigned, at) -- Check sets[] parameter and issue error message, if necessary. -- Parameter: -- any -- should be number -- assigned -- parameter name -- at -- number, of set local s if type(any) ~= "number" then s = "<code>sets[%d].params[%s]</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, at, mw.text.nowiki(tostring(any)))) elseif type(assigned) == "string" then if not Data.got.params[assigned] then s = "<code>sets[%d].params %s</code> is undefined" Fault(string.format(s, at, assigned)) end else s = "<code>sets[%d].params[%d] = %s</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, k, type(assigned))) end end -- fellow() local function fellows() -- Check sets[] and issue error message, if necessary. local s if type(Data.got.sets) == "table" then if type(Data.got.params) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Data.got.sets) do if type(k) == "number" then if type(v) == "table" then for ek, ev in pairs(v) do if ek == "label" then s = type(ev) if s ~= "string" and s ~= "table" then s = "<code>sets[%d].label</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, k)) end elseif ek == "params" and type(ev) == "table" then for pk, pv in pairs(ev) do fellow(pk, pv, k) end -- for pk, pv else ek = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(ek)) s = "<code>sets[%d][%s]</code>??" Fault(string.format(s, k, ek)) end end -- for ek, ev else k = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(k)) v = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(v)) s = string.format("<code>sets[%s][%s]</code>??", k, v) Fault(s) end else k = mw.text.nowiki(tostring(k)) s = string.format("<code>sets[%s]</code> ?????", k) Fault(s) end end -- for k, v else s = "<code>params</code> required for <code>sets</code>" Fault(s) end else s = "<code>sets</code> needs to be of <code>object</code> type" Fault(s) end end -- fellows() local function finalize(advance) -- Wrap presentation into frame. -- Parameter: -- advance -- true, for nice -- Returns string. local r, lapsus if Data.div then r = tostring(Data.div) elseif Data.strip then r = Data.strip else lapsus = true r = "" end r = r .. failures() if Data.source then local live = (advance or lapsus) if not live then live = TemplateData.frame:preprocess("{{REVISIONID}}") live = (live == "") end if live then r = r .. fancy(advance, lapsus) end end return r end -- finalize() local function find() -- Find JSON data within page source (title). -- Returns string, or nil. local s = Data.title:getContent() local i, j = s:find("<templatedata>", 1, true) local r if i then local k = s:find("</templatedata>", j, true) if k then r = mw.text.trim(s:sub(j + 1, k - 1)) end end return r end -- find() local function flat(adjust) -- Remove formatting from text string for VisualEditor. -- Parameter: -- arglist -- string, to be stripped, or nil -- Returns string, or nil. local r if adjust then r = adjust:gsub("\n", " ") if r:find("<noexport>", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("<noexport>.*</noexport>", "") end if r:find("<exportonly>", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("</?exportonly>", "") end if r:find("''", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("'''", ""):gsub("''", "") end if r:find("<", 1, true) then local Text = Fetch("Text") r = r:gsub("<br */?>", "\r\n"):gsub("²", "&sup2;"):gsub("³", "&sup3;") r = Text.getPlain(r) end if r:find("[", 1, true) then local WLink = Fetch("WLink") if WLink.isBracketedURL(r) then r = r:gsub("%[([hf]tt?ps?://%S+) [^%]]+%]", "%1") end r = WLink.getPlain(r) end if r:find("&", 1, true) then r = mw.text.decode(r) if r:find("&shy;", 1, true) then r = r:gsub("&shy;", "") end end end return r end -- flat() local function flush() -- JSON encode narrowed input; obey unnamed (numerical) parameters. -- Returns <templatedata> JSON string. local r if Data.tag then r = mw.text.jsonEncode(Data.tag):gsub("%}$", ",") else r = "{" end r = r .. '\n"params":{' if Data.order then local sep = "" local s for i = 1, #Data.order do s = Data.order[i] r = string.format("%s%s\n%s:%s", r, sep, mw.text.jsonEncode(s), mw.text.jsonEncode(Data.params[s])) sep = ",\n" end -- for i = 1, #Data.order end r = r .. "\n}\n}" return r end -- flush() local function focus(access) -- Check components; focus multilingual description, build trees. -- Parameter: -- access -- string, name of parameter, nil for root local f = function(a, at) local r if at then r = string.format("<code>params.%s</code>", at) else r = "''root''" end if a then r = string.format("%s<code>.%s</code>", r, a) end return r end local parent if access then parent = Data.got.params[access] else parent = Data.got end if type(parent) == "table" then local elem, permit, s, scope, slot, tag, target if access then permit = Permit.params if type(access) == "number" then slot = tostring(access) else slot = access end else permit = Permit.root end for k, v in pairs(parent) do scope = permit[k] if scope then s = type(v) if s == "string" and k ~= "format" then v = mw.text.trim(v) end if scope:find(s, 1, true) then if scope:find("I18N", 1, true) then if s == "string" then elem = fair(v) elseif s == "table" then local translated v, translated = faraway(v) if v then if translated and k == "description" then elem = { [1] = fair(v), [2] = translated, } else elem = fair(v) end else elem = false end end if type(v) == "string" then if k == "deprecated" then if v == "1" then v = true elseif v == "0" then v = false end elem = v elseif scope:find("nowiki", 1, true) then elem = mw.text.nowiki(v) elem = elem:gsub("&#13;" .. string.char(10), "<br>") v = v:gsub(string.char(13), "") else v = flat(v) end elseif s == "boolean" then if scope:find("boolean", 1, true) then elem = v else s = "Type <code>boolean</code> bad for " .. f(k, slot) Fault(s) end end else if k == "params" and not access then v = nil elem = nil elseif k == "format" and not access then elem = mw.text.decode(v) v = nil elseif k == "inherits" then elem = v if not Data.heirs then Data.heirs = {} end Data.heirs[slot] = v v = nil elseif k == "style" then elem = v v = nil elseif s == "string" then v = mw.text.nowiki(v) elem = v else elem = v end end if type(elem) ~= "nil" then if not target then if access then if not Data.tree.params then Data.tree.params = {} end Data.tree.params[slot] = {} target = Data.tree.params[slot] else Data.tree = {} target = Data.tree end end target[k] = elem elem = false end if type(v) ~= "nil" then if not tag then if access then if type(v) == "string" and v.sub(1, 1) == "=" then v = nil else if not Data.params then Data.params = {} end Data.params[slot] = {} tag = Data.params[slot] end else Data.tag = {} tag = Data.tag end end if type(v) ~= "nil" and k ~= "suggestedvalues" then tag[k] = v end end else s = string.format("Type <code>%s</code> bad for %s", scope, f(k, slot)) Fault(s) end else Fault("Unknown component " .. f(k, slot)) end end -- for k, v if not access and Data.got.sets then fellows() end else Fault(f() .. " needs to be of <code>object</code> type") end end -- focus() local function format() -- Build formatted element. -- Returns <inline>. local source = Data.tree.format:lower() local r, s if source == "inline" or source == "block" then r = mw.html.create("i"):wikitext(source) else local code if source:find("|", 1, true) then local scan = "^[\n ]*%{%{[\n _]*|[\n _]*=[\n _]*%}%}[\n ]*$" if source:match(scan) then code = source:gsub("\n", "N") else s = mw.text.nowiki(source):gsub("\n", "&#92;n") s = tostring(mw.html.create("code"):wikitext(s)) Fault("Invalid format " .. s) source = false end else local words = mw.text.split(source, "%s+") local show, start, support, unknown for i = 1, #words do s = words[i] if i == 1 then start = s end support = Permit.builder[s] if support == start or support == "*" then Permit.builder[s] = true elseif s:match("^[1-9]%d?") and Permit.builder.align then Permit.builder.align = tonumber(s) else if unknown then unknown = string.format("%s %s", unknown, s) else unknown = s end end end -- i = 1, #words if unknown then s = tostring(mw.html.create("code"):css("white-space", "nowrap"):wikitext(s)) Fault("Unknown/misplaced format keyword " .. s) source = false start = false end if start == "inline" then if Permit.builder.half == true then show = "inline half" code = "{{_ |_=_}}" elseif Permit.builder.grouped == true then show = "inline grouped" code = "{{_ | _=_}}" elseif Permit.builder.spaced == true then show = "inline spaced" code = "{{_ | _ = _ }}" end if Permit.builder.newlines == true then show = show or "inline" code = code or "{{_|_=_}}" show = show .. " newlines" code = string.format("N%sN", code) end elseif start == "block" then local space = "" -- amid "|" and name local spaced = " " -- preceding "=" local spacer = " " -- following "=" local suffix = "N" -- closing "}}" on new line show = "block" if Permit.builder.indent == true then start = " " show = "block indent" else start = "" end if Permit.builder.compressed == true then spaced = "" spacer = "" show = show .. " compressed" if Permit.builder.last == true then show = show .. " last" else suffix = "" end else if Permit.builder.lead == true then show = show .. " lead" space = " " end if type(Permit.builder.align) ~= "string" then local n s = " align" if Permit.builder.align == true then n = 0 if type(Data.got) == "table" and type(Data.got.params) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Data.got.params) do if type(v) == "table" and not v.deprecated and type(k) == "string" then k = mw.ustring.len(k) if k > n then n = k end end end -- for k, v end else n = Permit.builder.align if type(n) == "number" and n > 1 then s = string.format("%s %d", s, n) else n = 0 -- How come? end end if n > 1 then spaced = string.rep("_", n - 1) .. " " end show = show .. s elseif Permit.builder.after == true then spaced = "" show = show .. " after" elseif Permit.builder.dense == true then spaced = "" spacer = "" show = show .. " dense" end if Permit.builder.last == true then suffix = spacer show = show .. " last" end end code = string.format("N{{_N%s|%s_%s=%s_%s}}N", start, space, spaced, spacer, suffix) if show == "block" then show = "block newlines" end end if show then r = mw.html.create("span"):wikitext(show) end end if code then source = code:gsub("N", "\n") code = mw.text.nowiki(code):gsub("N", "&#92;n") code = mw.html.create("code"):css("margin-left", "1em"):css("margin-right", "1em"):wikitext(code) if r then r = mw.html.create("span"):node(r):node(code) else r = code end end end if source and Data.tag then Data.tag.format = source end return r end -- format() local function formatter() -- Build presented documentation. -- Returns <div>. local r = mw.html.create("div") local x = fashioned(Data.tree, true, r) local s if x then r = x end if Data.leading then local toc = mw.html.create("div") local shift if Config.suppressTOCnum then toc:addClass(Config.suppressTOCnum) if type(Config.stylesTOCnum) == "string" then local src = Config.stylesTOCnum .. "/styles.css" s = TemplateData.frame:extensionTag("templatestyles", nil, { src = src }) r:newline():node(s) end end toc:addClass("navigation-not-searchable"):css("margin-top", "0.5em"):wikitext("__TOC__") if Data.sibling then local block = mw.html.create("div") if TemplateData.ltr then shift = "right" else shift = "left" end block:css("float", shift):wikitext(Data.sibling) r:newline():node(block):newline() end r:newline():node(toc):newline() if shift then r:node(mw.html.create("div"):css("clear", shift)):newline() end end s = features() if s then if Data.leading then r:node(mw.html.create("h" .. Config.nested):wikitext(factory("doc-params"))):newline() end r:node(s) end if Data.shared then local global = mw.html.create("div"):attr("id", "templatedata-global") local shift if TemplateData.ltr then shift = "right" else shift = "left" end global:css("float", shift):wikitext(string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Data.shared, "Global")) r:newline():node(global) end if Data.tree and Data.tree.format then local e = format() if e then local show = "Format" if Config.supportFormat then show = string.format("[[%s|%s]]", Config.supportFormat, show) end r:node(mw.html.create("p"):addClass("navigation-not-searchable"):wikitext(show .. ": "):node(e)) end end return r end -- formatter() local function free() -- Remove JSON comment lines. if Data.source:find("//", 1, true) then Data.source:gsub("([{,\"'])(%s*\n%s*//.*\n%s*)([{},\"'])", "%1%3") end end -- free() local function full() -- Build survey table from JSON data, append invisible <templatedata>. Data.div = mw.html.create("div"):addClass("mw-templatedata-doc-wrap") if Permit.css.bg then Data.div:css(Permit.css.bg) end if Permit.css.fg then Data.div:css(Permit.css.fg) end focus() if Data.tag then if type(Data.got.params) == "table" then for k, v in pairs(Data.got.params) do focus(k) end -- for k, v if Data.heirs then fathers() end end end Data.div:node(formatter()) if not Data.lazy then Data.slim = flush() if TemplateData.frame then local div = mw.html.create("div") local tdata = { [1] = "templatedata", [2] = Data.slim, } Data.strip = TemplateData.frame:callParserFunction("#tag", tdata) div:wikitext(Data.strip) if Config.loudly then Data.div:node(mw.html.create("hr"):css({ height = "7ex" })) else div:css("display", "none") end Data.div:node(div) end end if Data.lasting then Fault("deprecated type syntax") end if Data.less then Fault(Config.solo) end end -- full() local function furnish(adapt, arglist) -- Analyze transclusion. -- Parameter: -- adapt -- table, #invoke parameters -- arglist -- table, template parameters -- Returns string. local source favorize() -- deprecated: for k, v in pairs(Config.basicCnf) do if adapt[k] and adapt[k] ~= "" then Config[v] = adapt[k] end end -- for k, v if arglist.heading and arglist.heading:match("^[3-6]$") then Config.nested = arglist.heading else Config.nested = "2" end Config.loudly = faculty(arglist.debug or adapt.debug) Data.lazy = faculty(arglist.lazy) and not Config.loudly Data.leading = faculty(arglist.TOC) if Data.leading and arglist.TOCsibling then Data.sibling = mw.text.trim(arglist.TOCsibling) end if arglist.lang then Data.slang = arglist.lang:lower() elseif adapt.lang then Data.slang = adapt.lang:lower() end if arglist.JSON then source = arglist.JSON elseif arglist.Global then source = TemplateData.getGlobalJSON(arglist.Global, arglist.Local) elseif arglist[1] then local s = mw.text.trim(arglist[1]) local start = s:sub(1, 1) if start == "<" then Data.strip = s elseif start == "{" then source = s elseif mw.ustring.sub(s, 1, 8) == mw.ustring.char(127, 39, 34, 96, 85, 78, 73, 81) then Data.strip = s end end if type(arglist.vertical) == "string" and arglist.vertical:match("^%d*%.?%d+[emprx]+$") then Data.scroll = arglist.vertical end if not source then Data.title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() source = find() if not source and not Data.title.text:match(Config.subpage) then local s = string.format(Config.suffix, Data.title.prefixedText) Data.title = mw.title.new(s) if Data.title.exists then source = find() end end end if not Data.lazy then if not Data.title then Data.title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() end Data.lazy = Data.title.text:match(Config.subpage) end if type(source) == "string" then TemplateData.getPlainJSON(source) end return finalize(faculty(arglist.source)) end -- furnish() Failsafe.failsafe = function(atleast) -- Retrieve versioning and check for compliance. -- Precondition: -- atleast -- string, with required version -- or wikidata|item|~|@ or false -- Postcondition: -- Returns string -- with queried version/item, also if problem -- false -- if appropriate -- 2024-03-01 local since = atleast local last = (since == "~") local linked = (since == "@") local link = (since == "item") local r if last or link or linked or since == "wikidata" then local item = Failsafe.item since = false if type(item) == "number" and item > 0 then local suited = string.format("Q%d", item) if link then r = suited else local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(suited) if type(entity) == "table" then local seek = Failsafe.serialProperty or "P348" local vsn = entity:formatPropertyValues(seek) if type(vsn) == "table" and type(vsn.value) == "string" and vsn.value ~= "" then if last and vsn.value == Failsafe.serial then r = false elseif linked then if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText == mw.wikibase.getSitelink(suited) then r = false else r = suited end else r = vsn.value end end end end elseif link then r = false end end if type(r) == "nil" then if not since or since <= Failsafe.serial then r = Failsafe.serial else r = false end end return r end -- Failsafe.failsafe() TemplateData.getGlobalJSON = function(access, adapt) -- Retrieve TemplateData from a global repository (JSON). -- Parameter: -- access -- string, with page specifier (on WikiMedia Commons) -- adapt -- JSON string or table with local overrides -- Returns true, if succeeded. local plugin = Fetch("/global") local r if type(plugin) == "table" and type(plugin.fetch) == "function" then local s, got = plugin.fetch(access, adapt) if got then Data.got = got Data.order = got.paramOrder Data.shared = s r = true full() else Fault(s) end end return r end -- TemplateData.getGlobalJSON() TemplateData.getPlainJSON = function(adapt) -- Reduce enhanced JSON data to plain text localized JSON. -- Parameter: -- adapt -- string, with enhanced JSON -- Returns string, or not. if type(adapt) == "string" then -- local JSONutil = Fetch("JSONutil", true) -- DON'T check for Module:JSONutil. (doesn't exist in English WP, blocked from creation.) local JSONutil = nil -- DO act as if Fetch() failed. Data.source = adapt free() if JSONutil then local Multilingual = Fetch("Multilingual", true) local f if Multilingual then f = Multilingual.i18n end Data.got = JSONutil.fetch(Data.source, true, f) else local lucky lucky, Data.got = pcall(mw.text.jsonDecode, Data.source) end if type(Data.got) == "table" then full() elseif not Data.strip then local scream = type(Data.got) if scream == "string" then scream = Data.got else scream = "Data.got: " .. scream end Fault("fatal JSON error: " .. scream) end end return Data.slim end -- TemplateData.getPlainJSON() TemplateData.test = function(adapt, arglist) TemplateData.frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() return furnish(adapt, arglist) end -- TemplateData.test() -- Export. local p = {} p.f = function(frame) -- Template call. local lucky, r TemplateData.frame = frame lucky, r = pcall(furnish, frame.args, frame:getParent().args) if not lucky then Fault("INTERNAL: " .. r) r = failures() end return r end -- p.f p.failsafe = function(frame) -- Versioning interface. local s = type(frame) local since if s == "table" then since = frame.args[1] elseif s == "string" then since = frame end if since then since = mw.text.trim(since) if since == "" then since = false end end return Failsafe.failsafe(since) or "" end -- p.failsafe p.TemplateData = function() -- Module interface. return TemplateData end setmetatable(p, { __call = function(func, ...) setmetatable(p, nil) return Failsafe end, }) return p 2dd3b90kpdohdijcui9w39wr2ft47sq 828 15871 121055 38622 2026-07-30T13:47:38Z en>RogueScholar 0 Remove 'cssParWrap' table containing negative inline margin values to match default TemplateData table presentation 121055 Scribunto text/plain --[=[ Configuration for [[Module:Format TemplateData]] on enwiki mw.loadData() ]=] local Serial = "2026-01-25" return { catProblem = "Templates with TemplateData errors", classMultiColumns = "column-multiple", classNoNumTOC = "nonumtoc", classTable = { "wikitable", "templatedata-params" }, cssParams = { ["border"] = "thin solid var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #b3b7ff)", ["margin-left"] = "auto", ["margin-right"] = "auto" }, docpageCreate = "%s/doc", docpageDetect = "/doc$", failsafe = Serial, helpAliases = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#aliases", helpBoolean = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#boolean", helpContent = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#Content", helpDate = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#date", helpDefault = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#default", helpFile = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-file-name", helpFormat = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#format", helpLine = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#line", helpNumber = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#number", helpPage = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-page-name", helpString = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#string", helpTemplate = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-template-name", helpURL = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#url", helpUser = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-user-name", msgDescMiss = "missing <code>description</code>", permit = { boole = { [true] = { css = { ["color"] = "var(--color-content-added, #050)", ["font-weight"] = "700" }, lead = false, show = "True" }, [false] = { css = { ["color"] = "var(--color-content-removed, #610)", ["font-weight"] = "700" }, lead = false, show = "False" } }, css = { bg = {}, deprecated = { ["background-color"] = "var(--background-color-destructive-subtle, #fdd)", ["border-left"] = "3px dotted var(--color-error, red)", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, fg = {}, optional = { ["border-left"] = "3px solid #ccc", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, required = { ["border-left"] = "3px solid #000", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, suggested = { ["border-left"] = "3px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #888)", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, tableheadbg = { ["background-color"] = "var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #b3b7ff)", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" } } }, serial = Serial, tStylesMultiColumns = "column-multiple", tStylesTOCnum = "TOC nonum" } n89gwq7t3gsq9p5a5i3eevisuxrxfab 121056 121055 2026-09-04T22:05:08Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Format_TemplateData/config]] 121055 Scribunto text/plain --[=[ Configuration for [[Module:Format TemplateData]] on enwiki mw.loadData() ]=] local Serial = "2026-01-25" return { catProblem = "Templates with TemplateData errors", classMultiColumns = "column-multiple", classNoNumTOC = "nonumtoc", classTable = { "wikitable", "templatedata-params" }, cssParams = { ["border"] = "thin solid var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #b3b7ff)", ["margin-left"] = "auto", ["margin-right"] = "auto" }, docpageCreate = "%s/doc", docpageDetect = "/doc$", failsafe = Serial, helpAliases = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#aliases", helpBoolean = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#boolean", helpContent = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#Content", helpDate = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#date", helpDefault = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#default", helpFile = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-file-name", helpFormat = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#format", helpLine = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#line", helpNumber = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#number", helpPage = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-page-name", helpString = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#string", helpTemplate = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-template-name", helpURL = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#url", helpUser = "mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData#wiki-user-name", msgDescMiss = "missing <code>description</code>", permit = { boole = { [true] = { css = { ["color"] = "var(--color-content-added, #050)", ["font-weight"] = "700" }, lead = false, show = "True" }, [false] = { css = { ["color"] = "var(--color-content-removed, #610)", ["font-weight"] = "700" }, lead = false, show = "False" } }, css = { bg = {}, deprecated = { ["background-color"] = "var(--background-color-destructive-subtle, #fdd)", ["border-left"] = "3px dotted var(--color-error, red)", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, fg = {}, optional = { ["border-left"] = "3px solid #ccc", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, required = { ["border-left"] = "3px solid #000", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, suggested = { ["border-left"] = "3px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #888)", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" }, tableheadbg = { ["background-color"] = "var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #b3b7ff)", ["color"] = "var(--color-base, #000)" } } }, serial = Serial, tStylesMultiColumns = "column-multiple", tStylesTOCnum = "TOC nonum" } n89gwq7t3gsq9p5a5i3eevisuxrxfab 10 15876 120989 38632 2025-08-11T23:13:27Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Navbox bottom]]": [[WP:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: top is already tpe ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 38631 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:navbox top and bottom|bottom}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation|Template:Navbox top/doc}}</noinclude> bwhjfft0rnpktg14lfnmvcypl0jjozg 120990 120989 2026-09-04T22:04:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Navbox_bottom]] 38631 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:navbox top and bottom|bottom}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation|Template:Navbox top/doc}}</noinclude> bwhjfft0rnpktg14lfnmvcypl0jjozg 10 15877 120991 38634 2024-02-23T20:45:07Z en>The Wordsmith 0 Adding {{pp-template}} 120991 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{pp-template|small=yes}}</noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:navbox top and bottom|top}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> ewvk099kxtz3o1cy6yh0mx7d3fpta6v 120992 120991 2026-09-04T22:04:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Navbox_top]] 120991 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{pp-template|small=yes}}</noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:navbox top and bottom|top}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> ewvk099kxtz3o1cy6yh0mx7d3fpta6v 828 15878 120993 38636 2024-03-19T04:03:41Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Module:Navbox top and bottom]]": [[WP:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]] ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 38635 Scribunto text/plain -- This implements {{navbox top}} and {{navbox bottom}} local p = {} local function build_navbox(parentArgs, list) local args = {} for argName, value in pairs(parentArgs) do if value ~= '' then if type(argName) == 'string' then args[argName] = value end end end args['bodystyle'] = 'display:table;' .. (args['bodystyle'] or '') args['list1padding'] = '0' args['list1style'] = 'border-width:0;' args['list1'] = list -- Note Navbox.navbox() has a kludge to order the parent frame's args -- into a specific order. For now, this is omitted from this module. local Navbox = require('Module:Navbox') return Navbox._navbox(args) end function p.top(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local parts = mw.text.split(build_navbox(args, '<ADD LIST HERE>'), '<ADD LIST HERE>') return parts[1] end function p.bottom(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local parts = mw.text.split(build_navbox(args, '<ADD LIST HERE>'), '<ADD LIST HERE>') return parts[2] end return p k4u6pww6woolztix1exofx2t2yk7vf6 120994 120993 2026-09-04T22:04:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Navbox_top_and_bottom]] 38635 Scribunto text/plain -- This implements {{navbox top}} and {{navbox bottom}} local p = {} local function build_navbox(parentArgs, list) local args = {} for argName, value in pairs(parentArgs) do if value ~= '' then if type(argName) == 'string' then args[argName] = value end end end args['bodystyle'] = 'display:table;' .. (args['bodystyle'] or '') args['list1padding'] = '0' args['list1style'] = 'border-width:0;' args['list1'] = list -- Note Navbox.navbox() has a kludge to order the parent frame's args -- into a specific order. For now, this is omitted from this module. local Navbox = require('Module:Navbox') return Navbox._navbox(args) end function p.top(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local parts = mw.text.split(build_navbox(args, '<ADD LIST HERE>'), '<ADD LIST HERE>') return parts[1] end function p.bottom(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local parts = mw.text.split(build_navbox(args, '<ADD LIST HERE>'), '<ADD LIST HERE>') return parts[2] end return p k4u6pww6woolztix1exofx2t2yk7vf6 10 15880 120995 115149 2026-06-29T14:46:36Z en>ABreault (WMF) 0 For [[phab:T353697|T353697]]. See the talk page discussion 120995 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Pre/styles.css"/>{{#if:{{{space|}}}{{{width|}}}{{{style|}}}|{{#tag:pre|{{{1|<noinclude>Sample text</noinclude>}}}|format=wikitext|class=pre {{#ifeq:{{{border|}}}|no|pre-borderless}}|style={{#if:{{{space|}}}|white-space: {{{space}}};}} {{#if:{{{width|}}}|width: {{{width}}};}} {{{style|}}}}}|{{#tag:pre|{{{1|<noinclude>Sample text</noinclude>}}}|format=wikitext|class=pre {{#ifeq:{{{border|}}}|no|pre-borderless}}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 22sa1k0u2jf83124swp5gn7on8cvfol 120996 120995 2026-09-04T22:04:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pre]] 120995 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Pre/styles.css"/>{{#if:{{{space|}}}{{{width|}}}{{{style|}}}|{{#tag:pre|{{{1|<noinclude>Sample text</noinclude>}}}|format=wikitext|class=pre {{#ifeq:{{{border|}}}|no|pre-borderless}}|style={{#if:{{{space|}}}|white-space: {{{space}}};}} {{#if:{{{width|}}}|width: {{{width}}};}} {{{style|}}}}}|{{#tag:pre|{{{1|<noinclude>Sample text</noinclude>}}}|format=wikitext|class=pre {{#ifeq:{{{border|}}}|no|pre-borderless}}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 22sa1k0u2jf83124swp5gn7on8cvfol 10 15881 120997 38642 2024-01-15T20:21:34Z en>Pppery 0 Padlock 120997 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .pre-borderless { border: none; } lr9ssbn3d1gy0eko4cg1ybqfok23ynd 120998 120997 2026-09-04T22:04:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pre/styles.css]] 120997 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .pre-borderless { border: none; } lr9ssbn3d1gy0eko4cg1ybqfok23ynd 10 15885 121009 38660 2026-08-14T18:00:11Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Flowlist]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121009 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Flowing list]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} gnisr91x8eicb3jf6nzd0trfhu3vu09 121010 121009 2026-09-04T22:04:33Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Flowlist]] 121009 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Flowing list]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} gnisr91x8eicb3jf6nzd0trfhu3vu09 10 15887 121011 38664 2025-02-19T00:15:14Z en>Shkuru Afshar 0 121011 wikitext text/x-wiki <dd {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"|}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"|{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{term|}}}|id="{{{term}}}-defn{{{2|{{{no|1}}}}}}"|}}|}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"|}}>{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{2|{{{no|}}}}}}|{{{2|{{{no}}}}}}.&nbsp;&nbsp;|}}{{{defn|{{{1|{{{content}}}}}}}}}</dd><noinclude> {{documentation}}<!--Please add this template's categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here - thanks!--> </noinclude> bvqehh4plupnmplm9g048aerxirkcba 121012 121011 2026-09-04T22:04:34Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Defn]] 121011 wikitext text/x-wiki <dd {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"|}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"|{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{term|}}}|id="{{{term}}}-defn{{{2|{{{no|1}}}}}}"|}}|}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"|}}>{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{2|{{{no|}}}}}}|{{{2|{{{no}}}}}}.&nbsp;&nbsp;|}}{{{defn|{{{1|{{{content}}}}}}}}}</dd><noinclude> {{documentation}}<!--Please add this template's categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here - thanks!--> </noinclude> bvqehh4plupnmplm9g048aerxirkcba 10 15888 121013 38666 2024-06-13T03:21:28Z en>Pppery 0 Oops ... 121013 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Glossary/styles.css" /> <dl class="glossary {{{class|}}}" {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"|}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"|}}><noinclude>{{glossary end}} <!--Categories and interwikis go on the /doc page.--> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ozlm5ph8y8992ad0benlm98j0pt7t65 121014 121013 2026-09-04T22:04:35Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Glossary]] 121013 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Glossary/styles.css" /> <dl class="glossary {{{class|}}}" {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"|}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"|}}><noinclude>{{glossary end}} <!--Categories and interwikis go on the /doc page.--> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ozlm5ph8y8992ad0benlm98j0pt7t65 10 15890 121015 38670 2024-06-10T02:13:17Z en>Sbb 0 rmv "class=glossary" (unnecessary, containing <dl> has the class; CSS will cascade); rmv "multi=" option (handled automatically by {{glossary}}'s CSS now. 121015 wikitext text/x-wiki <dt {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"|}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if: {{{noid|}}}||id="{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#invoke:delink|delink|{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#invoke:String|replace|source={{safesubst<noinclude/>:lc:{{{id|{{{term|{{{1}}}}}}}}}}}|"|<!--blank to strip out double quote mark-->}}}}"}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"|}}>{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{nondefining|}}}||<dfn>}}{{{content|{{{2|{{{term|{{{1}}}}}}}}}}}}{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{nondefining|}}}||</dfn>}}</dt><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 98pjzofxvoj3fs4l0jfsto5414hwshs 121016 121015 2026-09-04T22:04:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Term]] 121015 wikitext text/x-wiki <dt {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{class|}}}|class="{{{class}}}"|}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if: {{{noid|}}}||id="{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#invoke:delink|delink|{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#invoke:String|replace|source={{safesubst<noinclude/>:lc:{{{id|{{{term|{{{1}}}}}}}}}}}|"|<!--blank to strip out double quote mark-->}}}}"}} {{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"|}}>{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{nondefining|}}}||<dfn>}}{{{content|{{{2|{{{term|{{{1}}}}}}}}}}}}{{safesubst<noinclude/>:#if:{{{nondefining|}}}||</dfn>}}</dt><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 98pjzofxvoj3fs4l0jfsto5414hwshs 10 15894 121021 80523 2025-12-19T03:58:01Z en>Sbb 0 {{tlx}} for {{glossary end}} 121021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox top |name= HTML lists |title=HTML lists |state=<includeonly>collapsed</includeonly> |above = More information — {{hlist|class=inline | [[Help:List]] | [[WP:List dos and don'ts]] | [[WP:Manual of Style/Embedded lists]] | {{section link|WP:Manual of Style/Accessibility#Lists}} | [[WP:WikiProject Lists]] }} }} {|style="width:100%" | style="vertical-align:top; width:32%" | {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Horizontal list |- | {{tlx|hlist |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{hlist |item1 |item2}} |} | rowspan=4 style="width:2%"| | style="vertical-align:top; width:32%"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Horizontal list |- | {{tlx|flatlist|<br />* item1<br />* item2}} |- | {{flatlist| * item1 * item2 }} |} | rowspan=4 style="width:2%" | | style="vertical-align:top; width:32%"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Horizontal list |- | {{tlx|cslist |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{cslist |item1 |item2 }} |} |- | style="vertical-align:top;"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Bulleted list |- | {{tlx|bulleted list |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{bulleted list |item1 |item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top;"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Numeric ordered list |- | {{tlx|Ordered list |first&nbsp;|second&nbsp;}} |- | {{Ordered list |first |second }} |} | style="vertical-align:top;"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Alphabetic ordered list |- | {{tlx|Ordered list |list_style_type{{=}}lower-alpha&nbsp;|first&nbsp;|second&nbsp;}} |- | {{Ordered list |list_style_type=lower-alpha |first |second }} |} |- | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Unbulleted list |- | {{tlx|unbulleted list |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{unbulleted list|item1 |item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Unbulleted list |- | {{tlx|plainlist|<br />* item1<br />* item2}} |- | {{plainlist| * item1 * item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top" rowspan=2| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Glossaries|Glossary]] or definition list |- | {{tlx|glossary}}<br /> {{tlx|term|first term}}{{tlx|defn|first description}}<br /> {{tnull|term|second term}}{{tnull|defn|second description}}<br /> {{tlx|glossary end}} |- | {{glossary}} {{term|first term}}{{defn|first description}} {{term|second term}}{{defn|second description}} {{glossary end}} |} |- | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Bulleted list to flow around an image |- | <code><nowiki>[[File:Bad Title Example.png|left|thumb|100px]]</nowiki></code><br /> {{tlx|flowlist|<br />*item1<br />*item2}} |- | [[File:Bad Title Example.png|left|thumb|100px]] {{flowlist| *item1 *item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Ordered list in columns |- | {{tlx|columns-list|colwidth{{=}}5em|<br /># first<br /># second}} |- | {{columns-list|colwidth=5em| # first # second }} |} | style="vertical-align:top"| |} {{navbox bottom |below = {{cl|List formatting and function templates‎}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Please add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata --> </noinclude> mrnhqir11nmaag7k40s1y5193bkht5b 121022 121021 2026-09-04T22:04:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:HTML_lists]] 121021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox top |name= HTML lists |title=HTML lists |state=<includeonly>collapsed</includeonly> |above = More information — {{hlist|class=inline | [[Help:List]] | [[WP:List dos and don'ts]] | [[WP:Manual of Style/Embedded lists]] | {{section link|WP:Manual of Style/Accessibility#Lists}} | [[WP:WikiProject Lists]] }} }} {|style="width:100%" | style="vertical-align:top; width:32%" | {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Horizontal list |- | {{tlx|hlist |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{hlist |item1 |item2}} |} | rowspan=4 style="width:2%"| | style="vertical-align:top; width:32%"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Horizontal list |- | {{tlx|flatlist|<br />* item1<br />* item2}} |- | {{flatlist| * item1 * item2 }} |} | rowspan=4 style="width:2%" | | style="vertical-align:top; width:32%"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Horizontal list |- | {{tlx|cslist |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{cslist |item1 |item2 }} |} |- | style="vertical-align:top;"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Bulleted list |- | {{tlx|bulleted list |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{bulleted list |item1 |item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top;"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Numeric ordered list |- | {{tlx|Ordered list |first&nbsp;|second&nbsp;}} |- | {{Ordered list |first |second }} |} | style="vertical-align:top;"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Alphabetic ordered list |- | {{tlx|Ordered list |list_style_type{{=}}lower-alpha&nbsp;|first&nbsp;|second&nbsp;}} |- | {{Ordered list |list_style_type=lower-alpha |first |second }} |} |- | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Unbulleted list |- | {{tlx|unbulleted list |item1&nbsp;|item2&nbsp;}} |- | {{unbulleted list|item1 |item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Unbulleted list |- | {{tlx|plainlist|<br />* item1<br />* item2}} |- | {{plainlist| * item1 * item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top" rowspan=2| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Glossaries|Glossary]] or definition list |- | {{tlx|glossary}}<br /> {{tlx|term|first term}}{{tlx|defn|first description}}<br /> {{tnull|term|second term}}{{tnull|defn|second description}}<br /> {{tlx|glossary end}} |- | {{glossary}} {{term|first term}}{{defn|first description}} {{term|second term}}{{defn|second description}} {{glossary end}} |} |- | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Bulleted list to flow around an image |- | <code><nowiki>[[File:Bad Title Example.png|left|thumb|100px]]</nowiki></code><br /> {{tlx|flowlist|<br />*item1<br />*item2}} |- | [[File:Bad Title Example.png|left|thumb|100px]] {{flowlist| *item1 *item2 }} |} | style="vertical-align:top"| {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Ordered list in columns |- | {{tlx|columns-list|colwidth{{=}}5em|<br /># first<br /># second}} |- | {{columns-list|colwidth=5em| # first # second }} |} | style="vertical-align:top"| |} {{navbox bottom |below = {{cl|List formatting and function templates‎}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Please add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata --> </noinclude> mrnhqir11nmaag7k40s1y5193bkht5b 10 15914 121131 114989 2025-10-07T10:15:41Z en>Sapphaline 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1315425762|1315425762]] by [[Special:Contributions/Sira Aspera|Sira Aspera]] ([[User talk:Sira Aspera|talk]]) 114988 wikitext text/x-wiki <del class="deprecated-content {{{class|}}}" style="color:{{#if:{{{red|}}}|var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000)|var(--color-subtle, #54595d)}}; text-decoration:none; {{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}|}}" {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"|}} {{#if:{{{title|{{{2|}}}}}}|title="{{{title|{{{2}}}}}}"|}}>{{{1}}}</del><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --> </noinclude> rd5dtqx7ijlfoxt4pdt4wknm3rt5jf0 121132 121131 2026-09-04T22:09:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Deprecated_code]] 114988 wikitext text/x-wiki <del class="deprecated-content {{{class|}}}" style="color:{{#if:{{{red|}}}|var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000)|var(--color-subtle, #54595d)}}; text-decoration:none; {{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}|}}" {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"|}} {{#if:{{{title|{{{2|}}}}}}|title="{{{title|{{{2}}}}}}"|}}>{{{1}}}</del><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --> </noinclude> rd5dtqx7ijlfoxt4pdt4wknm3rt5jf0 10 15925 121139 38760 2025-10-25T11:33:46Z en>Primefac 0 need a tenth 121139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{code|{{{tt|}}}}}}|<code>}}<!-- -->{{((}}{{{1|{{thin space}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{2|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{2}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{3}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{4|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{4}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{5}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{6|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{6}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{7}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{8|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{8}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{9|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{9}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{10|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{10}}}}}<!-- -->{{))}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{code|{{{tt|}}}}}}|</code>}}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> rewjd17h23cnazchf18utdfl6cf4300 121140 121139 2026-09-04T22:09:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Braces]] 121139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{code|{{{tt|}}}}}}|<code>}}<!-- -->{{((}}{{{1|{{thin space}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{2|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{2}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{3}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{4|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{4}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{5}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{6|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{6}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{7}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{8|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{8}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{9|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{9}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{10|}}} |{{thin space}}{{!}}{{thin space}}{{{10}}}}}<!-- -->{{))}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{code|{{{tt|}}}}}}|</code>}}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> rewjd17h23cnazchf18utdfl6cf4300 828 15939 121051 119082 2026-08-30T05:09:20Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121051 Scribunto text/plain return { ["F1"] = 5300, ["FA-Class"] = 16000, ["FAA-airport"] = 3900, ["FACClosed"] = 6500, ["FAC_link"] = 118000, ["FAR_link"] = 118000, ["FCC-LMS-Facility"] = 5800, ["FCC_Licensing_and_Management_System_facility"] = 16000, ["FCCdata"] = 2600, ["FFU"] = 2000, ["FIDE"] = 2500, ["FIFA_player"] = 10000, ["FIG_country_code"] = 2700, ["FIN"] = 10000, ["FIPS"] = 2300, ["FJC_Bio"] = 4000, ["FL-Class"] = 13000, ["FLCClosed"] = 3700, ["FLC_link"] = 118000, ["FM-Class"] = 4300, ["FMA"] = 3400, ["FMARB"] = 8900, ["FM_station_data"] = 8500, ["FPCnom/VotingEnds"] = 12000, ["FPCresult"] = 18000, ["FRA"] = 21000, ["FRG"] = 3800, ["FTE"] = 3400, ["FULLBASEPAGENAME"] = 360000, ["FULLROOTPAGENAME"] = 3850000, ["FXL"] = 2200, ["Fa_bottom"] = 3500, ["Fa_top"] = 3500, ["Facebook"] = 14000, ["Facepalm"] = 2900, ["Facl"] = 118000, ["Fact"] = 38000, ["FadedPage"] = 2700, ["FailedGA"] = 3900, ["Failed_verification"] = 19000, ["Fake_heading"] = 2300, ["Fake_heading/styles.css"] = 2300, ["Family_name_explanation"] = 99000, ["Family_name_explanation/core"] = 99000, ["Family_name_footnote"] = 2400, ["Family_name_hatnote"] = 96000, ["Farl"] = 118000, ["Fb"] = 32000, ["Fb-rt"] = 6200, ["Fb_cs_footer"] = 3300, ["Fb_gd"] = 11000, ["Fb_overview"] = 6400, ["Fb_overview2"] = 5500, ["Fb_rs"] = 11000, ["Fb_rs_footer"] = 11000, ["Fba/core"] = 9300, ["Fba/list"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon/core"] = 12000, ["Fbicon"] = 3600, ["Fbu"] = 4000, ["Fbu-rt"] = 2500, ["Fbw"] = 6100, ["Fdacite"] = 15000, ["Fdate"] = 2900, ["FeaturedPicture"] = 7400, ["Featured_article"] = 7300, ["Featured_article_tools"] = 12000, ["Featured_list"] = 4900, ["Featured_picture"] = 8800, ["Featured_topic_box"] = 3700, ["Featured_topic_box/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Feedback_link"] = 4600, ["Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Fictional_character_redirect"] = 3900, ["File-Class"] = 13000, ["File_other"] = 1000000, ["Filipino_name"] = 4400, ["Film_date"] = 167000, ["Filter_category_by_topic"] = 2800, ["Find"] = 8400, ["FindYDCportal"] = 223000, ["Find_a_Grave"] = 24000, ["Find_country"] = 53000, ["Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Find_general_sources"] = 922000, ["Find_medical_sources"] = 8300, ["Find_page_text"] = 2810000, ["Find_sources"] = 623000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_biography"] = 609000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_med"] = 623000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_video"] = 615000, ["Find_sources/top_proj"] = 623000, ["Find_sources_AFD"] = 264000, ["Find_sources_mainspace"] = 713000, ["Find_video_game_sources"] = 7000, ["Find_video_game_sources_short"] = 3100, ["Findsources"] = 42000, ["First_word"] = 684000, ["FishBase"] = 20000, ["FishBase_genus"] = 4100, ["Fix"] = 1060000, ["Fix-span"] = 64000, ["Fix/category"] = 1030000, ["Fix_comma_category"] = 597000, ["Fixed"] = 10000, ["Fl."] = 3800, ["Flag"] = 344000, ["Flag/core"] = 344000, ["FlagCGFathlete"] = 2400, ["FlagIOC"] = 11000, ["FlagIOC2"] = 4800, ["FlagIOC2athlete"] = 6800, ["FlagIOC2team"] = 2900, ["FlagIOCathlete"] = 11000, ["FlagIPC"] = 3300, ["FlagPASO"] = 2100, ["FlagPASOathlete"] = 3300, ["Flag_CGF"] = 2100, ["Flag_CGF_athlete"] = 2600, ["Flag_IOC"] = 13000, ["Flag_IOC_2"] = 19000, ["Flag_IOC_2_athlete"] = 16000, ["Flag_IOC_2_medalist"] = 5000, ["Flag_IOC_2_team"] = 4400, ["Flag_IOC_athlete"] = 13000, ["Flag_IPC"] = 4000, ["Flag_PASO"] = 3000, ["Flag_PASO_athlete"] = 3500, ["Flag_athlete"] = 40000, ["Flag_country"] = 41000, ["Flag_country/core"] = 41000, ["Flag_data"] = 12000, ["Flag_decoration"] = 94000, ["Flag_decoration/core"] = 94000, ["Flag_icon"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/core"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/nt"] = 9900, ["Flag_link"] = 2100, ["Flag_link/core"] = 88000, ["Flag_medalist"] = 2900, ["Flag_medalist/core"] = 2900, ["Flag_team"] = 2900, ["Flagathlete"] = 31000, ["Flagbig"] = 5100, ["Flagbig/core"] = 9000, ["Flagcountry"] = 26000, ["Flagdeco"] = 60000, ["Flagg"] = 23000, ["Flagicon"] = 461000, ["Flagicon_image"] = 52000, ["Flagmedalist"] = 2900, ["Flagright/core"] = 26000, ["Flagteam"] = 2500, ["Flagu"] = 32000, ["Flagu/core"] = 32000, ["Flat_list"] = 7700, ["Flatlist"] = 2700000, ["Flcl"] = 118000, ["FloraBase"] = 6100, ["Floruit"] = 7900, ["Fmbox"] = 25000, ["FoP-USonly"] = 5400, ["Font"] = 12000, ["Font_color"] = 53000, ["Fontcolor"] = 6900, ["Fooian_companies_established_in_the_year"] = 5500, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/core"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/sortname"] = 11000, ["Fooian_fooers"] = 14000, ["FootballFacts.ru"] = 6000, ["Football_box"] = 29000, ["Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Football_box_collapsible/styles.css"] = 31000, ["Football_kit"] = 54000, ["Football_manager_history"] = 23000, ["Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Football_squad2_player"] = 48000, ["Football_squad_end"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_manager"] = 45000, ["Football_squad_mid"] = 20000, ["Football_squad_player"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_player/role"] = 8300, ["Football_squad_player/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_start"] = 22000, ["Footballbox"] = 5700, ["Footballbox_collapsible"] = 9100, ["Footballstats"] = 4100, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/countrynamesortfix"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/fixcountryname"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/inner_core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/mapname"] = 6200, ["For"] = 211000, ["For-multi"] = 14000, ["For_loop"] = 1180000, ["For_multi"] = 7000, ["For_nowiki"] = 9500, ["For_your_information"] = 2100, ["ForaDeJogo"] = 4100, ["Force_plural"] = 17000, ["Force_singular"] = 2800, ["Format_link"] = 13000, ["Format_linkr"] = 7500, ["Format_molecular_formula"] = 2700, ["Format_numeric_span"] = 3700, ["Format_price"] = 8900, ["Format_price/digits"] = 8700, ["Formatprice"] = 4100, ["Fossil_range"] = 15000, ["Fossil_range/bar"] = 25000, ["Fossilrange"] = 6700, ["Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy"] = 3400, ["Frac"] = 35000, ["Fraction"] = 41000, ["Fraction/styles.css"] = 107000, ["France_metadata_Wikidata"] = 36000, ["Free_access"] = 5400, ["Free_in_US_media"] = 24000, ["Free_media"] = 138000, ["Freedom_of_panorama_(US_only)"] = 5500, ["Frequency"] = 7800, ["Friday"] = 2800, ["Fs_end"] = 20000, ["Fs_mid"] = 18000, ["Fs_player"] = 20000, ["Fs_start"] = 20000, ["Full-time_equivalent"] = 3400, ["Full_citation_needed"] = 10000, ["Full_party_name_with_color"] = 6200, ["Fullurl"] = 7000, ["Fullurl:"] = 6800, ["Further"] = 77000, ["Further_information"] = 2500, ["Fussballdaten"] = 4200, ["Module:Fb_overview"] = 6500, ["Module:Fba"] = 19000, ["Module:Fba/list"] = 36000, ["Module:FeaturedTopicSum"] = 6900, ["Module:Fedi-share"] = 3900, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler/RedirectType"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction_redirect_category_handler"] = 5300, ["Module:File_link"] = 90000, ["Module:FindYDCportal"] = 398000, ["Module:Find_country"] = 53000, ["Module:Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Module:Find_sources"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/config"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/links"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_general_sources"] = 922000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_mainspace"] = 713000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_medical"] = 8300, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_video_games"] = 7000, ["Module:Flag"] = 375000, ["Module:Flag_list"] = 11000, ["Module:Flagg"] = 457000, ["Module:Flagg/Altvar_data"] = 33000, ["Module:Football_box"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Module:Football_event"] = 56000, ["Module:Football_manager_history"] = 24000, ["Module:Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Module:Footballer_positions"] = 219000, ["Module:Footnotes"] = 369000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list"] = 274000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list/data"] = 274000, ["Module:Footnotes/whitelist"] = 274000, ["Module:For"] = 212000, ["Module:For_loop"] = 1180000, ["Module:For_nowiki"] = 12000, ["Module:Format_link"] = 1510000, ["Module:Formatted_appearance"] = 6100, } 0acwhetaxwp4fmf3cqss3zzi4aq0fo4 121052 121051 2026-09-04T22:05:07Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/F]] 121051 Scribunto text/plain return { ["F1"] = 5300, ["FA-Class"] = 16000, ["FAA-airport"] = 3900, ["FACClosed"] = 6500, ["FAC_link"] = 118000, ["FAR_link"] = 118000, ["FCC-LMS-Facility"] = 5800, ["FCC_Licensing_and_Management_System_facility"] = 16000, ["FCCdata"] = 2600, ["FFU"] = 2000, ["FIDE"] = 2500, ["FIFA_player"] = 10000, ["FIG_country_code"] = 2700, ["FIN"] = 10000, ["FIPS"] = 2300, ["FJC_Bio"] = 4000, ["FL-Class"] = 13000, ["FLCClosed"] = 3700, ["FLC_link"] = 118000, ["FM-Class"] = 4300, ["FMA"] = 3400, ["FMARB"] = 8900, ["FM_station_data"] = 8500, ["FPCnom/VotingEnds"] = 12000, ["FPCresult"] = 18000, ["FRA"] = 21000, ["FRG"] = 3800, ["FTE"] = 3400, ["FULLBASEPAGENAME"] = 360000, ["FULLROOTPAGENAME"] = 3850000, ["FXL"] = 2200, ["Fa_bottom"] = 3500, ["Fa_top"] = 3500, ["Facebook"] = 14000, ["Facepalm"] = 2900, ["Facl"] = 118000, ["Fact"] = 38000, ["FadedPage"] = 2700, ["FailedGA"] = 3900, ["Failed_verification"] = 19000, ["Fake_heading"] = 2300, ["Fake_heading/styles.css"] = 2300, ["Family_name_explanation"] = 99000, ["Family_name_explanation/core"] = 99000, ["Family_name_footnote"] = 2400, ["Family_name_hatnote"] = 96000, ["Farl"] = 118000, ["Fb"] = 32000, ["Fb-rt"] = 6200, ["Fb_cs_footer"] = 3300, ["Fb_gd"] = 11000, ["Fb_overview"] = 6400, ["Fb_overview2"] = 5500, ["Fb_rs"] = 11000, ["Fb_rs_footer"] = 11000, ["Fba/core"] = 9300, ["Fba/list"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon"] = 12000, ["Fbaicon/core"] = 12000, ["Fbicon"] = 3600, ["Fbu"] = 4000, ["Fbu-rt"] = 2500, ["Fbw"] = 6100, ["Fdacite"] = 15000, ["Fdate"] = 2900, ["FeaturedPicture"] = 7400, ["Featured_article"] = 7300, ["Featured_article_tools"] = 12000, ["Featured_list"] = 4900, ["Featured_picture"] = 8800, ["Featured_topic_box"] = 3700, ["Featured_topic_box/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Feedback_link"] = 4600, ["Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Fictional_character_redirect"] = 3900, ["File-Class"] = 13000, ["File_other"] = 1000000, ["Filipino_name"] = 4400, ["Film_date"] = 167000, ["Filter_category_by_topic"] = 2800, ["Find"] = 8400, ["FindYDCportal"] = 223000, ["Find_a_Grave"] = 24000, ["Find_country"] = 53000, ["Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Find_general_sources"] = 922000, ["Find_medical_sources"] = 8300, ["Find_page_text"] = 2810000, ["Find_sources"] = 623000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_biography"] = 609000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_med"] = 623000, ["Find_sources/proj/is_video"] = 615000, ["Find_sources/top_proj"] = 623000, ["Find_sources_AFD"] = 264000, ["Find_sources_mainspace"] = 713000, ["Find_video_game_sources"] = 7000, ["Find_video_game_sources_short"] = 3100, ["Findsources"] = 42000, ["First_word"] = 684000, ["FishBase"] = 20000, ["FishBase_genus"] = 4100, ["Fix"] = 1060000, ["Fix-span"] = 64000, ["Fix/category"] = 1030000, ["Fix_comma_category"] = 597000, ["Fixed"] = 10000, ["Fl."] = 3800, ["Flag"] = 344000, ["Flag/core"] = 344000, ["FlagCGFathlete"] = 2400, ["FlagIOC"] = 11000, ["FlagIOC2"] = 4800, ["FlagIOC2athlete"] = 6800, ["FlagIOC2team"] = 2900, ["FlagIOCathlete"] = 11000, ["FlagIPC"] = 3300, ["FlagPASO"] = 2100, ["FlagPASOathlete"] = 3300, ["Flag_CGF"] = 2100, ["Flag_CGF_athlete"] = 2600, ["Flag_IOC"] = 13000, ["Flag_IOC_2"] = 19000, ["Flag_IOC_2_athlete"] = 16000, ["Flag_IOC_2_medalist"] = 5000, ["Flag_IOC_2_team"] = 4400, ["Flag_IOC_athlete"] = 13000, ["Flag_IPC"] = 4000, ["Flag_PASO"] = 3000, ["Flag_PASO_athlete"] = 3500, ["Flag_athlete"] = 40000, ["Flag_country"] = 41000, ["Flag_country/core"] = 41000, ["Flag_data"] = 12000, ["Flag_decoration"] = 94000, ["Flag_decoration/core"] = 94000, ["Flag_icon"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/core"] = 617000, ["Flag_icon/nt"] = 9900, ["Flag_link"] = 2100, ["Flag_link/core"] = 88000, ["Flag_medalist"] = 2900, ["Flag_medalist/core"] = 2900, ["Flag_team"] = 2900, ["Flagathlete"] = 31000, ["Flagbig"] = 5100, ["Flagbig/core"] = 9000, ["Flagcountry"] = 26000, ["Flagdeco"] = 60000, ["Flagg"] = 23000, ["Flagicon"] = 461000, ["Flagicon_image"] = 52000, ["Flagmedalist"] = 2900, ["Flagright/core"] = 26000, ["Flagteam"] = 2500, ["Flagu"] = 32000, ["Flagu/core"] = 32000, ["Flat_list"] = 7700, ["Flatlist"] = 2700000, ["Flcl"] = 118000, ["FloraBase"] = 6100, ["Floruit"] = 7900, ["Fmbox"] = 25000, ["FoP-USonly"] = 5400, ["Font"] = 12000, ["Font_color"] = 53000, ["Fontcolor"] = 6900, ["Fooian_companies_established_in_the_year"] = 5500, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/core"] = 11000, ["Fooian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bar_cat/sortname"] = 11000, ["Fooian_fooers"] = 14000, ["FootballFacts.ru"] = 6000, ["Football_box"] = 29000, ["Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Football_box_collapsible/styles.css"] = 31000, ["Football_kit"] = 54000, ["Football_manager_history"] = 23000, ["Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Football_squad2_player"] = 48000, ["Football_squad_end"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_manager"] = 45000, ["Football_squad_mid"] = 20000, ["Football_squad_player"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_player/role"] = 8300, ["Football_squad_player/styles.css"] = 22000, ["Football_squad_start"] = 22000, ["Footballbox"] = 5700, ["Footballbox_collapsible"] = 9100, ["Footballstats"] = 4100, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/countrynamesortfix"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/fixcountryname"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/inner_core"] = 6200, ["Foo–Bar_relations_category/mapname"] = 6200, ["For"] = 211000, ["For-multi"] = 14000, ["For_loop"] = 1180000, ["For_multi"] = 7000, ["For_nowiki"] = 9500, ["For_your_information"] = 2100, ["ForaDeJogo"] = 4100, ["Force_plural"] = 17000, ["Force_singular"] = 2800, ["Format_link"] = 13000, ["Format_linkr"] = 7500, ["Format_molecular_formula"] = 2700, ["Format_numeric_span"] = 3700, ["Format_price"] = 8900, ["Format_price/digits"] = 8700, ["Formatprice"] = 4100, ["Fossil_range"] = 15000, ["Fossil_range/bar"] = 25000, ["Fossilrange"] = 6700, ["Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy"] = 3400, ["Frac"] = 35000, ["Fraction"] = 41000, ["Fraction/styles.css"] = 107000, ["France_metadata_Wikidata"] = 36000, ["Free_access"] = 5400, ["Free_in_US_media"] = 24000, ["Free_media"] = 138000, ["Freedom_of_panorama_(US_only)"] = 5500, ["Frequency"] = 7800, ["Friday"] = 2800, ["Fs_end"] = 20000, ["Fs_mid"] = 18000, ["Fs_player"] = 20000, ["Fs_start"] = 20000, ["Full-time_equivalent"] = 3400, ["Full_citation_needed"] = 10000, ["Full_party_name_with_color"] = 6200, ["Fullurl"] = 7000, ["Fullurl:"] = 6800, ["Further"] = 77000, ["Further_information"] = 2500, ["Fussballdaten"] = 4200, ["Module:Fb_overview"] = 6500, ["Module:Fba"] = 19000, ["Module:Fba/list"] = 36000, ["Module:FeaturedTopicSum"] = 6900, ["Module:Fedi-share"] = 3900, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction-based_redirects_to_list_entries_category_handler/RedirectType"] = 3300, ["Module:Fiction_redirect_category_handler"] = 5300, ["Module:File_link"] = 90000, ["Module:FindYDCportal"] = 398000, ["Module:Find_country"] = 53000, ["Module:Find_demonym"] = 39000, ["Module:Find_sources"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/config"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/links"] = 1650000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_general_sources"] = 922000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_mainspace"] = 713000, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_medical"] = 8300, ["Module:Find_sources/templates/Find_sources_video_games"] = 7000, ["Module:Flag"] = 375000, ["Module:Flag_list"] = 11000, ["Module:Flagg"] = 457000, ["Module:Flagg/Altvar_data"] = 33000, ["Module:Football_box"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Module:Football_box_collapsible"] = 31000, ["Module:Football_event"] = 56000, ["Module:Football_manager_history"] = 24000, ["Module:Football_squad"] = 45000, ["Module:Footballer_positions"] = 219000, ["Module:Footnotes"] = 369000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list"] = 274000, ["Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list/data"] = 274000, ["Module:Footnotes/whitelist"] = 274000, ["Module:For"] = 212000, ["Module:For_loop"] = 1180000, ["Module:For_nowiki"] = 12000, ["Module:Format_link"] = 1510000, ["Module:Formatted_appearance"] = 6100, } 0acwhetaxwp4fmf3cqss3zzi4aq0fo4 828 15959 121199 118981 2026-08-30T05:08:50Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121199 Scribunto text/plain return { ["C"] = 801000, ["C-Class"] = 17000, ["C-SPAN"] = 13000, ["C-cmn"] = 2800, ["C-pl"] = 51000, ["C."] = 353000, ["CAN"] = 20000, ["CANelec"] = 18000, ["CANelec/gain"] = 3500, ["CANelec/hold"] = 6700, ["CANelec/source"] = 11000, ["CANelec/top"] = 9000, ["CANelec/total"] = 9500, ["CAS"] = 3800, ["CAS_Registry_Number"] = 3800, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 3500, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 3600, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 3400, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 4200, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 3300, ["CBB_roster/Footer"] = 11000, ["CBB_roster/Header"] = 11000, ["CBB_roster/Player"] = 11000, ["CBB_schedule_end"] = 14000, ["CBB_schedule_entry"] = 14000, ["CBB_schedule_start"] = 14000, ["CBB_standings_end"] = 19000, ["CBB_standings_entry"] = 19000, ["CBB_standings_start"] = 19000, ["CBB_yearly_record_end"] = 4700, ["CBB_yearly_record_end/legend"] = 4100, ["CBB_yearly_record_entry"] = 4600, ["CBB_yearly_record_start"] = 4500, ["CBB_yearly_record_subhead"] = 4300, ["CBB_yearly_record_subtotal"] = 4400, ["CBSB_Standings_End"] = 2700, ["CBSB_Standings_Entry"] = 2700, ["CBSB_Standings_Start"] = 2600, ["CBSB_link"] = 4100, ["CBSB_standings_end"] = 5500, ["CBSB_standings_entry"] = 5500, ["CBSB_standings_start"] = 5500, ["CC0"] = 4000, ["CC_BY-SA_2.5"] = 2100, ["CC_BY-SA_2.5,_2.0,_1.0"] = 2100, ["CC_BY-SA_3.0"] = 21000, ["CC_BY-SA_3.0_migrated"] = 19000, ["CC_BY-SA_4.0"] = 13000, ["CC_BY_2.5"] = 2600, ["CC_BY_3.0"] = 7000, ["CFB_Standings_End"] = 16000, ["CFB_Standings_Entry"] = 16000, ["CFB_Standings_Start"] = 16000, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 7900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_End/legend"] = 2900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 7900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 7900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 8000, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 7800, ["CFB_schedule"] = 29000, ["CFB_schedule_entry"] = 22000, ["CFB_standings_end"] = 39000, ["CFB_standings_entry"] = 39000, ["CFB_standings_start"] = 39000, ["CFL_Year"] = 7300, ["CGF_year"] = 3800, ["CGNDB_URL"] = 5400, ["CHE"] = 12000, ["CHI"] = 3300, ["CHL"] = 4300, ["CHN"] = 15000, ["CN"] = 4000, ["CO2"] = 3500, ["COI"] = 14000, ["COIUL"] = 131000, ["COI_editnotice"] = 7800, ["COL"] = 5600, ["COLON"] = 14000, ["CRI"] = 2300, ["CRO"] = 6600, ["CS1_config"] = 15000, ["CSK"] = 2800, ["CSS_crop"] = 2100, ["CSS_image_crop"] = 9600, ["CUB"] = 4200, ["CURRENTDATE"] = 3600, ["CYP"] = 2200, ["CZE"] = 16000, ["Calendar"] = 2500, ["Calendar/styles.css"] = 2800, ["California/color"] = 12000, ["Call_sign_disambiguation"] = 3100, ["Campaignbox"] = 26000, ["CanProvName"] = 19000, ["CanadaByProvinceCatNav"] = 9500, ["CanadaProvinceThe"] = 4500, ["Canada_NTS_Map_Sheet"] = 2100, ["Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900, ["Canadian_English"] = 13000, ["Canadian_Parliament_links"] = 5100, ["Canadian_election_result"] = 18000, ["Canadian_election_result/gain"] = 3600, ["Canadian_election_result/hold"] = 7000, ["Canadian_election_result/source"] = 13000, ["Canadian_election_result/top"] = 19000, ["Canadian_election_result/total"] = 14000, ["Canadian_party_colour"] = 11000, ["Canadian_party_colour/colour"] = 23000, ["Canadian_party_colour/colour/default"] = 23000, ["Canadian_party_colour/name"] = 19000, ["Canadian_party_colour/name/default"] = 8300, ["Canadian_province_name"] = 19000, ["Canned_search"] = 8500, ["Cascite"] = 17000, ["Caselaw_source"] = 4800, ["Cassini-Ehess"] = 3300, ["Cast_listing"] = 30000, ["Castlist"] = 5700, ["Cat"] = 472000, ["CatAutoTOC"] = 372000, ["CatRel"] = 4100, ["CatTrack"] = 20000, ["Cat_class"] = 6100, ["Cat_main"] = 149000, ["Cat_more"] = 102000, ["Cat_more_if_exists"] = 29000, ["Cat_see_also"] = 3800, ["Catalog_lookup_link"] = 60000, ["Catalog_of_Fishes"] = 9800, ["Catalogue_of_Life"] = 24000, ["Category"] = 2400, ["Category-Class"] = 14000, ["Category-inline"] = 11000, ["Category_TOC"] = 80000, ["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year"] = 7500, ["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year/core"] = 7500, ["Category_class"] = 25000, ["Category_described_in_year"] = 6400, ["Category_diffuse"] = 11000, ["Category_disambiguation"] = 2700, ["Category_explanation"] = 416000, ["Category_handler"] = 2730000, ["Category_if_exists"] = 94000, ["Category_ifexist"] = 4900, ["Category_importance"] = 8800, ["Category_link"] = 694000, ["Category_link/core"] = 694000, ["Category_link_if_exists"] = 81000, ["Category_link_with_count"] = 9300, ["Category_link_without_namespace"] = 802000, ["Category_links"] = 9900, ["Category_main_article"] = 221000, ["Category_more"] = 143000, ["Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000, ["Category_ordered_by_date"] = 13000, ["Category_other"] = 1110000, ["Category_pair"] = 2200, ["Category_redirect"] = 159000, ["Category_redirect/core"] = 159000, ["Category_see_also"] = 55000, ["Category_see_also/Category_pair_check"] = 55000, ["Category_see_also_if_exists"] = 95000, ["Category_see_also_if_exists_2"] = 101000, ["Category_series_navigation"] = 598000, ["Category_title"] = 2400, ["Catexp"] = 5900, ["CathEncy"] = 2300, ["Catholic"] = 3700, ["Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 5100, ["Catmain"] = 29000, ["Catmore"] = 9800, ["Catseealso"] = 2300, ["Cbb_link"] = 10000, ["Cbignore"] = 133000, ["Cbsb_link"] = 2500, ["Cc-by-2.5"] = 2600, ["Cc-by-3.0"] = 7000, ["Cc-by-sa-2.5"] = 2100, ["Cc-by-sa-2.5,2.0,1.0"] = 2100, ["Cc-by-sa-3.0"] = 20000, ["Cc-by-sa-3.0-migrated"] = 19000, ["Cc-by-sa-4.0"] = 13000, ["Cc-zero"] = 3800, ["CensusAU"] = 9100, ["Census_2016_AUS"] = 5700, ["Census_2021_AUS"] = 6200, ["Cent"] = 6900, ["Center"] = 301000, ["Centered_quote"] = 37000, ["Centralized_discussion"] = 7300, ["Centralized_discussion/core"] = 7200, ["Centralized_discussion/styles.css"] = 7200, ["Centre"] = 4200, ["Century"] = 16000, ["Century_name_from_decade"] = 2400, ["Century_name_from_decade_or_year"] = 127000, ["Century_name_from_title_decade"] = 7600, ["Century_name_from_title_year"] = 9300, ["Certification_Cite_Ref"] = 38000, ["Certification_Table_Bottom"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry"] = 39000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot/helper"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/MexicanAward"] = 2300, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Region"] = 38000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/AustrianPeriod"] = 2500, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/BelgianPeriod"] = 2400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriod"] = 4400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper1"] = 4400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper2"] = 4400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriod"] = 2200, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriodAlbum"] = 2000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/GermanPeriod"] = 4100, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/ItalianHelper"] = 4500, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/MexicanSales"] = 2200, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/NewZealandPeriod"] = 7800, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SpanishSinglesPeriod"] = 2800, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SwedishPeriod"] = 2300, ["Certification_Table_Separator"] = 3300, ["Certification_Table_Top"] = 39000, ["Cfb_link"] = 26000, ["Cfd_all"] = 6400, ["Cfm_full"] = 2500, ["Cfr_full"] = 3500, ["Chart_bottom"] = 4500, ["Chart_top"] = 4500, ["Check_completeness_of_transclusions"] = 65000, ["Check_talk"] = 64000, ["Check_talk_wp"] = 1460000, ["Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000, ["CheckedSockpuppet"] = 7200, ["Checked_sockpuppet"] = 18000, ["Checkedsockpuppet"] = 5300, ["Checkip"] = 12000, ["Checkuser"] = 90000, ["Checkuserblock-account"] = 45000, ["Chem"] = 6000, ["Chem/atom"] = 5900, ["Chem/link"] = 6000, ["Chem2"] = 11000, ["Chem_molar_mass"] = 22000, ["Chem_molar_mass/format"] = 22000, ["Chembox"] = 16000, ["Chembox/styles.css"] = 16000, ["Chembox_3DMet"] = 15000, ["Chembox_AllOtherNames"] = 14000, ["Chembox_AllOtherNames/format"] = 14000, ["Chembox_Appearance"] = 7200, ["Chembox_BoilingPt"] = 4200, ["Chembox_CASNo"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CASNo/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CalcTemperatures"] = 7600, ["Chembox_ChEBI"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChEBI/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChEMBL"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChEMBL/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChemSpiderID"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChemSpiderID/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CompTox"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CompTox/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Datapage_check"] = 16000, ["Chembox_Density"] = 5700, ["Chembox_DrugBank"] = 15000, ["Chembox_DrugBank/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ECHA"] = 8300, ["Chembox_ECNumber"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ECNumber/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Elements"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Elements/molecular_formula"] = 21000, ["Chembox_FlashPt"] = 2100, ["Chembox_Footer"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Footer/tracking"] = 16000, ["Chembox_GHS_(set)"] = 4500, ["Chembox_Hazards"] = 13000, ["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand"] = 15000, ["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Identifiers"] = 15000, ["Chembox_InChI"] = 15000, ["Chembox_InChI/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Indexlist"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Jmol"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Jmol/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_KEGG"] = 15000, ["Chembox_KEGG/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_MeltingPt"] = 6600, ["Chembox_OtherCpds"] = 2100, ["Chembox_Properties"] = 15000, ["Chembox_PubChem"] = 15000, ["Chembox_PubChem/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_RTECS"] = 15000, ["Chembox_RTECS/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Related"] = 4200, ["Chembox_SMILES"] = 15000, ["Chembox_SMILES/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_SolubilityInWater"] = 4500, ["Chembox_Structure"] = 2400, ["Chembox_UNII"] = 15000, ["Chembox_UNII/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_headerbar"] = 16000, ["Chembox_image"] = 14000, ["Chembox_image_cell"] = 14000, ["Chembox_image_sbs"] = 14000, ["Chembox_parametercheck"] = 15000, ["Chembox_setDatarow"] = 5500, ["Chembox_setHeader"] = 5500, ["Chembox_templatePar/formatPreviewMessage"] = 16000, ["Chembox_verification"] = 6900, ["Chemspidercite"] = 11000, ["Chessgames_player"] = 3800, ["Chinese"] = 3500, ["Circa"] = 470000, ["Circular_reference"] = 4000, ["Citation"] = 412000, ["Citation/make_link"] = 7900, ["Citation/styles.css"] = 53000, ["Citation_needed"] = 637000, ["Citation_needed_span"] = 3600, ["Citation_style"] = 4500, ["Cite_AV_media"] = 81000, ["Cite_AV_media_notes"] = 34000, ["Cite_Appletons'"] = 2400, ["Cite_Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography"] = 5000, ["Cite_Box_Office_Mojo"] = 2500, ["Cite_Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 8600, ["Cite_DCB"] = 3300, ["Cite_DGRBM"] = 2200, ["Cite_DNB"] = 20000, ["Cite_EB1911"] = 26000, ["Cite_FTP"] = 2500, ["Cite_GBIF"] = 4300, ["Cite_GNIS"] = 2400, ["Cite_Gaia_DR3"] = 3100, ["Cite_Google_Maps"] = 20000, ["Cite_Hansard"] = 2700, ["Cite_IUCN"] = 71000, ["Cite_Instagram"] = 7400, ["Cite_Jewish_Encyclopedia"] = 3200, ["Cite_LCDB"] = 2000, ["Cite_Metacritic"] = 2300, ["Cite_NIE"] = 3500, ["Cite_NSW_Parliament"] = 3300, ["Cite_NSW_SHR"] = 2700, ["Cite_NatureServe"] = 3000, ["Cite_ODNB"] = 22000, ["Cite_OED"] = 2500, ["Cite_POWO"] = 6400, ["Cite_Q"] = 17000, ["Cite_QHR"] = 3100, ["Cite_QPN"] = 4100, ["Cite_Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 2900, ["Cite_Rowlett"] = 2500, ["Cite_Russian_law"] = 7800, ["Cite_Ryan"] = 3300, ["Cite_SNL"] = 2100, ["Cite_Sports-Reference"] = 55000, ["Cite_USGov"] = 13000, ["Cite_WoRMS"] = 13000, ["Cite_act"] = 4000, ["Cite_arXiv"] = 7100, ["Cite_bcgnis"] = 3700, ["Cite_book"] = 1910000, ["Cite_certification"] = 43000, ["Cite_certification/Title"] = 39000, ["Cite_certification/URL"] = 43000, ["Cite_certification/archivedate"] = 7700, ["Cite_certification/archiveurl"] = 7700, ["Cite_cgndb"] = 5400, ["Cite_comic"] = 2100, ["Cite_conference"] = 22000, ["Cite_court"] = 6900, ["Cite_dictionary"] = 3600, ["Cite_document"] = 2000, ["Cite_encyclopedia"] = 243000, ["Cite_episode"] = 20000, ["Cite_gnis"] = 35000, ["Cite_instagram"] = 3100, ["Cite_interview"] = 11000, ["Cite_iucn"] = 70000, ["Cite_journal"] = 1180000, ["Cite_legislation_UK"] = 4000, ["Cite_magazine"] = 382000, ["Cite_map"] = 60000, ["Cite_news"] = 1930000, ["Cite_newspaper"] = 2000, ["Cite_newspaper_The_Times"] = 7200, ["Cite_patent"] = 7300, ["Cite_patent/authors"] = 6100, ["Cite_patent/core"] = 7600, ["Cite_peakbagger"] = 5300, ["Cite_podcast"] = 6300, ["Cite_press_release"] = 86000, ["Cite_report"] = 76000, ["Cite_rowlett"] = 2500, ["Cite_ship_register"] = 2000, ["Cite_simbad"] = 5700, ["Cite_sports-reference"] = 60000, ["Cite_taxon"] = 5600, ["Cite_tech_report"] = 3100, ["Cite_thesis"] = 50000, ["Cite_tweet"] = 48000, ["Cite_video"] = 13000, ["Cite_video_game"] = 3500, ["Cite_web"] = 5430000, ["Cite_wikisource"] = 7100, ["Cite_wikisource/make_link"] = 65000, ["Citeweb"] = 4200, ["Civil_navigation"] = 2100, ["Cjersey"] = 3000, ["Cl"] = 219000, ["Clade"] = 10000, ["Clade/styles.css"] = 10000, ["Clarification_needed"] = 2600, ["Clarify"] = 45000, ["Class"] = 38000, ["Class/colour"] = 19000, ["Class/icon"] = 21000, ["Class_mask"] = 462000, ["Classicon"] = 5200, ["Clc"] = 7400, ["Cleanup"] = 8300, ["Cleanup_reorganize"] = 2300, ["Cleanup_rewrite"] = 6800, ["Clear"] = 3760000, ["Clear_left"] = 23000, ["Clear_right"] = 2800, ["Clerk_Request"] = 2500, ["Clerk_note"] = 11000, ["Clerknote"] = 8600, ["Clickable_button"] = 1870000, ["Clickable_button_2"] = 227000, ["Closed_access"] = 5600, ["Closed_peer_review_page"] = 3200, ["Closed_rfc_bottom"] = 2200, ["Closed_rfc_top"] = 2900, ["Clr"] = 3100, ["Club_players_category"] = 9500, ["Clubplayerscat"] = 9500, ["Cmbox"] = 539000, ["Cn"] = 113000, ["Cnote2"] = 2900, ["Cnote2_Begin"] = 2900, ["Cnote2_End"] = 2900, ["Coat_of_arms"] = 2500, ["Cob"] = 15000, ["Code"] = 297000, ["Cof_family"] = 4600, ["Cof_genus"] = 5400, ["Col-1-of-2"] = 2400, ["Col-2"] = 186000, ["Col-2-of-2"] = 2300, ["Col-3"] = 11000, ["Col-4"] = 3800, ["Col-begin"] = 231000, ["Col-begin/styles.css"] = 231000, ["Col-break"] = 229000, ["Col-end"] = 231000, ["Col-float"] = 4900, ["Col-float-break"] = 4800, ["Col-float-end"] = 4800, ["Col-float/styles.css"] = 4900, ["Col-start"] = 9800, ["Col_div"] = 2200, ["Colbegin"] = 24000, ["Colend"] = 27000, ["Collapse"] = 8900, ["Collapse_bottom"] = 56000, ["Collapse_top"] = 57000, ["Collapse_top/styles.css"] = 57000, ["Collapsebottom"] = 4100, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin"] = 4400, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/cont"] = 4400, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/styles.css"] = 4400, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_end"] = 4500, ["Collapsetop"] = 4100, ["Collapsible_list"] = 68000, ["Collapsible_option"] = 152000, ["Colledge:_Ships_RN"] = 3000, ["College"] = 12000, ["CollegePrimaryHeader"] = 8200, ["CollegePrimaryStyle"] = 111000, ["CollegeSecondaryStyle"] = 11000, ["College_Athlete_Recruit_End"] = 2800, ["College_Athlete_Recruit_Entry"] = 2900, ["College_Athlete_Recruit_Start"] = 2900, ["College_athlete_recruit_end"] = 5000, ["College_athlete_recruit_entry"] = 5200, ["College_athlete_recruit_start"] = 5200, ["College_color_list"] = 4400, ["College_sports_team_link"] = 31000, ["Colon"] = 20000, ["Color"] = 501000, ["Color/styles.css"] = 501000, ["Color_box"] = 86000, ["Colorbox"] = 2600, ["Colorbull"] = 4600, ["Colored_link"] = 106000, ["Coloredlink"] = 3200, ["Colors"] = 3600, ["Colour"] = 5500, ["Colour_box"] = 2500, ["Coloured_link"] = 12000, ["Column"] = 4300, ["Column/styles.css"] = 4400, ["Columns-end"] = 4000, ["Columns-list"] = 126000, ["Columns-start"] = 4000, ["Comic_Book_DB"] = 3500, ["Comicbookdb"] = 3400, ["Comics-replaceability"] = 2700, ["Comics_infobox_sec/formcat"] = 3400, ["Comics_infobox_sec/genre"] = 4200, ["Comics_infobox_sec/genrecat"] = 3800, ["Comics_infobox_sec/styles.css"] = 8100, ["Comma-separated_list"] = 3700, ["Comma-separated_list/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Comma_separated_entries"] = 522000, ["Comment"] = 7600, ["Committed_identity"] = 3200, ["Committed_identity/styles.css"] = 3200, ["Commons"] = 73000, ["Commons-inline"] = 25000, ["Commons_cat"] = 45000, ["Commons_category"] = 905000, ["Commons_category-inline"] = 178000, ["Commons_category_inline"] = 5700, ["Commonscat"] = 59000, ["Commonscat-inline"] = 14000, ["Commonscat_inline"] = 2200, ["Commonscatinline"] = 7200, ["Compact_TOC"] = 7300, ["Compact_ToC"] = 3200, ["Compose_molecular_formula"] = 2400, ["Composition_bar"] = 13000, ["Confirmed"] = 20000, ["Confused"] = 3200, ["Confusing"] = 2400, ["CongBio"] = 9400, ["CongLinks"] = 4800, ["Connected_contributor"] = 21000, ["Connected_contributor_(paid)"] = 10000, ["Constellation_navbox"] = 10000, ["Container"] = 14000, ["Container_cat"] = 9100, ["Container_category"] = 93000, ["Containercat"] = 2800, ["Contains_special_characters"] = 5300, ["Contains_special_characters/core"] = 5300, ["Contains_special_characters/styles.css"] = 5300, ["Content_category"] = 7900, ["Contentious_topics/Additional_restrictions.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_editnotice"] = 6900, ["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_talk_notice"] = 6100, ["Contentious_topics/Category_database.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/Restrictions_definition.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/Standard_set.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/list"] = 30000, ["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_editnotice_base"] = 7400, ["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_talk_notice"] = 2700, ["Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000, ["Context"] = 2600, ["Continent2continental"] = 46000, ["Continent_adjective_to_noun"] = 10000, ["Continental2continent"] = 23000, ["Controversial"] = 3000, ["Convert"] = 1420000, ["Convert_abbreviated"] = 174000, ["Convinfobox"] = 308000, ["Coord"] = 1400000, ["Coord_missing"] = 70000, ["Coord_missing/CheckCat"] = 69000, ["Coords"] = 6600, ["Copied"] = 22000, ["Copy_edit"] = 2100, ["Copy_to_Commons"] = 2400, ["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons"] = 86000, ["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons_in"] = 4300, ["Cospar"] = 2800, ["Cot"] = 14000, ["Count"] = 1030000, ["Country2continent"] = 96000, ["Country2continental"] = 32000, ["Country2nationality"] = 35000, ["CountryPrefixThe"] = 77000, ["Country_abbreviation"] = 94000, ["Country_alias"] = 17000, ["Country_at_games_navbox"] = 5800, ["Country_at_games_navbox/below"] = 5800, ["Country_data"] = 12000, ["Country_data_AFG"] = 2600, ["Country_data_ALB"] = 7300, ["Country_data_ALG"] = 11000, ["Country_data_AND"] = 3700, ["Country_data_ANG"] = 4400, ["Country_data_ARG"] = 53000, ["Country_data_ARM"] = 8400, ["Country_data_AUS"] = 89000, ["Country_data_AUT"] = 52000, ["Country_data_AZE"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Afghanistan"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Alabama"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Alaska"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Albania"] = 35000, ["Country_data_Alberta"] = 3100, ["Country_data_Algeria"] = 47000, ["Country_data_American_Samoa"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Andorra"] = 9400, ["Country_data_Angola"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Anguilla"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Antigua_and_Barbuda"] = 6400, ["Country_data_Apulia"] = 7900, ["Country_data_Argentina"] = 151000, ["Country_data_Arizona"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Arkansas"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Armenia"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Aruba"] = 4000, ["Country_data_Australia"] = 274000, ["Country_data_Austria"] = 144000, ["Country_data_Austria-Hungary"] = 2300, ["Country_data_Azerbaijan"] = 51000, ["Country_data_BAH"] = 4700, ["Country_data_BAN"] = 4500, ["Country_data_BAR"] = 2700, ["Country_data_BDI"] = 2000, ["Country_data_BEL"] = 60000, ["Country_data_BEN"] = 2000, ["Country_data_BER"] = 2500, ["Country_data_BFA"] = 2000, ["Country_data_BHR"] = 5800, ["Country_data_BIH"] = 14000, ["Country_data_BLR"] = 26000, ["Country_data_BOL"] = 6700, ["Country_data_BOT"] = 3200, ["Country_data_BRA"] = 65000, ["Country_data_BUL"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Bahamas"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Bahrain"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Bangladesh"] = 34000, ["Country_data_Barbados"] = 8800, ["Country_data_Belarus"] = 90000, ["Country_data_Belgium"] = 156000, ["Country_data_Belize"] = 5300, ["Country_data_Benin"] = 8100, ["Country_data_Bermuda"] = 6400, ["Country_data_Bhutan"] = 4900, ["Country_data_Bolivia"] = 24000, ["Country_data_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina"] = 53000, ["Country_data_Botswana"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Brazil"] = 170000, ["Country_data_British_Columbia"] = 3700, ["Country_data_British_Empire"] = 2100, ["Country_data_British_Raj"] = 2500, ["Country_data_British_Virgin_Islands"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Brunei"] = 6900, ["Country_data_Bulgaria"] = 101000, ["Country_data_Burkina_Faso"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Burma"] = 2300, ["Country_data_Burundi"] = 6800, ["Country_data_CAM"] = 2600, ["Country_data_CAN"] = 69000, ["Country_data_CGO"] = 2500, ["Country_data_CHE"] = 5900, ["Country_data_CHI"] = 20000, ["Country_data_CHL"] = 2400, ["Country_data_CHN"] = 49000, ["Country_data_CIV"] = 8600, ["Country_data_CMR"] = 8800, ["Country_data_COD"] = 3500, ["Country_data_COL"] = 28000, ["Country_data_CPV"] = 2300, ["Country_data_CRC"] = 7000, ["Country_data_CRO"] = 37000, ["Country_data_CUB"] = 13000, ["Country_data_CYP"] = 11000, ["Country_data_CZE"] = 54000, ["Country_data_California"] = 6300, ["Country_data_Cambodia"] = 9900, ["Country_data_Cameroon"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Canada"] = 260000, ["Country_data_Cape_Verde"] = 7100, ["Country_data_Castile_and_León"] = 2000, ["Country_data_Catalonia"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Cayman_Islands"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Central_African_Republic"] = 5200, ["Country_data_Chad"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Chile"] = 90000, ["Country_data_China"] = 149000, ["Country_data_Chinese_Taipei"] = 39000, ["Country_data_Colombia"] = 95000, ["Country_data_Colorado"] = 5200, ["Country_data_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Comoros"] = 4700, ["Country_data_Confederate_States_of_America"] = 3100, ["Country_data_Connecticut"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Cook_Islands"] = 3900, ["Country_data_Costa_Rica"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Croatia"] = 105000, ["Country_data_Cuba"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Curaçao"] = 4400, ["Country_data_Cyprus"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Czech_Republic"] = 151000, ["Country_data_Czechoslovakia"] = 34000, ["Country_data_DEN"] = 40000, ["Country_data_DEU"] = 11000, ["Country_data_DNK"] = 4400, ["Country_data_DOM"] = 8400, ["Country_data_DRC"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Delaware"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Denmark"] = 120000, ["Country_data_Djibouti"] = 5000, ["Country_data_Dominica"] = 4300, ["Country_data_Dominican_Republic"] = 34000, ["Country_data_ECU"] = 13000, ["Country_data_EGY"] = 16000, ["Country_data_ENG"] = 52000, ["Country_data_ESA"] = 2500, ["Country_data_ESP"] = 85000, ["Country_data_EST"] = 17000, ["Country_data_ETH"] = 4600, ["Country_data_EU"] = 2700, ["Country_data_East_Germany"] = 28000, ["Country_data_Ecuador"] = 48000, ["Country_data_Egypt"] = 65000, ["Country_data_El_Salvador"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Empire_of_Japan"] = 4400, ["Country_data_England"] = 162000, ["Country_data_Equatorial_Guinea"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Eritrea"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Estonia"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Eswatini"] = 5100, ["Country_data_Ethiopia"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Europe"] = 2800, ["Country_data_European_Union"] = 8200, ["Country_data_FIJ"] = 4500, ["Country_data_FIN"] = 40000, ["Country_data_FRA"] = 115000, ["Country_data_FRG"] = 18000, ["Country_data_FRO"] = 2200, ["Country_data_FR_Yugoslavia"] = 4400, ["Country_data_Faroe_Islands"] = 5800, ["Country_data_Federated_States_of_Micronesia"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Fiji"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Finland"] = 113000, ["Country_data_Florida"] = 5900, ["Country_data_France"] = 334000, ["Country_data_French_Polynesia"] = 3900, ["Country_data_GAB"] = 2500, ["Country_data_GAM"] = 2300, ["Country_data_GBR"] = 67000, ["Country_data_GDR"] = 11000, ["Country_data_GEO"] = 16000, ["Country_data_GER"] = 96000, ["Country_data_GHA"] = 10000, ["Country_data_GIB"] = 2100, ["Country_data_GRE"] = 30000, ["Country_data_GUA"] = 5400, ["Country_data_GUI"] = 3400, ["Country_data_GUY"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Gabon"] = 8200, ["Country_data_Gambia"] = 7700, ["Country_data_Georgia"] = 8600, ["Country_data_Georgia_(U.S._state)"] = 3200, ["Country_data_Georgia_(country)"] = 54000, ["Country_data_German_Empire"] = 5700, ["Country_data_Germany"] = 291000, ["Country_data_Ghana"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Gibraltar"] = 5200, ["Country_data_Great_Britain"] = 127000, ["Country_data_Greece"] = 105000, ["Country_data_Greenland"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Grenada"] = 5700, ["Country_data_Guadeloupe"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Guam"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Guatemala"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Guinea"] = 9500, ["Country_data_Guinea-Bissau"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Guyana"] = 7700, ["Country_data_HAI"] = 3300, ["Country_data_HKG"] = 15000, ["Country_data_HON"] = 4400, ["Country_data_HUN"] = 44000, ["Country_data_Haiti"] = 9800, ["Country_data_Hawaii"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Honduras"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Hong_Kong"] = 51000, ["Country_data_Hungary"] = 114000, ["Country_data_IDN"] = 5800, ["Country_data_INA"] = 12000, ["Country_data_IND"] = 34000, ["Country_data_IRE"] = 13000, ["Country_data_IRI"] = 6700, ["Country_data_IRL"] = 24000, ["Country_data_IRN"] = 7400, ["Country_data_IRQ"] = 4800, ["Country_data_ISL"] = 9300, ["Country_data_ISR"] = 23000, ["Country_data_ITA"] = 102000, ["Country_data_Iceland"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Idaho"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Illinois"] = 4400, ["Country_data_India"] = 258000, ["Country_data_Indiana"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Indonesia"] = 71000, ["Country_data_Iowa"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Iran"] = 159000, ["Country_data_Iraq"] = 23000, ["Country_data_Ireland"] = 66000, ["Country_data_Isle_of_Man"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Israel"] = 93000, ["Country_data_Italy"] = 286000, ["Country_data_Ivory_Coast"] = 33000, ["Country_data_JAM"] = 12000, ["Country_data_JAP"] = 2300, ["Country_data_JOR"] = 4800, ["Country_data_JP"] = 8700, ["Country_data_JPN"] = 69000, ["Country_data_Jamaica"] = 44000, ["Country_data_Japan"] = 263000, ["Country_data_Jersey"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Jordan"] = 22000, ["Country_data_KAZ"] = 24000, ["Country_data_KEN"] = 10000, ["Country_data_KGZ"] = 4500, ["Country_data_KOR"] = 35000, ["Country_data_KOS"] = 3100, ["Country_data_KSA"] = 7600, ["Country_data_KUW"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Kazakhstan"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Kentucky"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Kenya"] = 35000, ["Country_data_Kingdom_of_France"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Italy"] = 4900, ["Country_data_Kiribati"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Kosovo"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Kuwait"] = 20000, ["Country_data_Kyrgyzstan"] = 11000, ["Country_data_LAO"] = 2200, ["Country_data_LAT"] = 17000, ["Country_data_LBN"] = 3000, ["Country_data_LBR"] = 2000, ["Country_data_LIB"] = 2600, ["Country_data_LIE"] = 3800, ["Country_data_LIT"] = 3700, ["Country_data_LTU"] = 15000, ["Country_data_LUX"] = 12000, ["Country_data_LVA"] = 3000, ["Country_data_Laos"] = 8000, ["Country_data_Latvia"] = 55000, ["Country_data_Lebanon"] = 24000, ["Country_data_Lesotho"] = 5400, ["Country_data_Liberia"] = 7900, ["Country_data_Libya"] = 9100, ["Country_data_Liechtenstein"] = 8900, ["Country_data_Lithuania"] = 54000, ["Country_data_Louisiana"] = 2300, ["Country_data_Luxembourg"] = 48000, ["Country_data_MAC"] = 3000, ["Country_data_MAD"] = 2400, ["Country_data_MAR"] = 15000, ["Country_data_MAS"] = 13000, ["Country_data_MDA"] = 8900, ["Country_data_MEX"] = 35000, ["Country_data_MGL"] = 3600, ["Country_data_MKD"] = 8600, ["Country_data_MLI"] = 4600, ["Country_data_MLT"] = 6500, ["Country_data_MNE"] = 8600, ["Country_data_MON"] = 4700, ["Country_data_MOZ"] = 2700, ["Country_data_MRI"] = 2300, ["Country_data_MYA"] = 3400, ["Country_data_MYS"] = 4200, ["Country_data_Macau"] = 6900, ["Country_data_Macedonia"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Madagascar"] = 9600, ["Country_data_Malawi"] = 6200, ["Country_data_Malaysia"] = 71000, ["Country_data_Maldives"] = 6700, ["Country_data_Mali"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Malta"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Manitoba"] = 3000, ["Country_data_Marshall_Islands"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Martinique"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Maryland"] = 3300, ["Country_data_Massachusetts"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Mauritania"] = 6000, ["Country_data_Mauritius"] = 8500, ["Country_data_Mexico"] = 114000, ["Country_data_Michigan"] = 3900, ["Country_data_Minas_Gerais"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Minnesota"] = 3700, ["Country_data_Missouri"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Moldova"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Monaco"] = 12000, ["Country_data_Mongolia"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Montana"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Montenegro"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Montserrat"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Morocco"] = 51000, ["Country_data_Mozambique"] = 8000, ["Country_data_Myanmar"] = 23000, ["Country_data_NAM"] = 4000, ["Country_data_NED"] = 72000, ["Country_data_NEP"] = 3400, ["Country_data_NGA"] = 8700, ["Country_data_NGR"] = 9400, ["Country_data_NIR"] = 11000, ["Country_data_NLD"] = 7400, ["Country_data_NOR"] = 35000, ["Country_data_NZ"] = 3700, ["Country_data_NZL"] = 39000, ["Country_data_Namibia"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Nauru"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Nazi_Germany"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Nepal"] = 32000, ["Country_data_Netherlands"] = 260000, ["Country_data_Netherlands_Antilles"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Nevada"] = 2100, ["Country_data_New_Brunswick"] = 2600, ["Country_data_New_Caledonia"] = 3300, ["Country_data_New_Hampshire"] = 2000, ["Country_data_New_Jersey"] = 4200, ["Country_data_New_South_Wales"] = 6400, ["Country_data_New_York"] = 4300, ["Country_data_New_York_(state)"] = 6800, ["Country_data_New_Zealand"] = 118000, ["Country_data_Newfoundland_and_Labrador"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Nicaragua"] = 9000, ["Country_data_Niger"] = 6300, ["Country_data_Nigeria"] = 66000, ["Country_data_North_Carolina"] = 3500, ["Country_data_North_Korea"] = 23000, ["Country_data_North_Macedonia"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Northern_Ireland"] = 27000, ["Country_data_Northern_Mariana_Islands"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Norway"] = 117000, ["Country_data_Nova_Scotia"] = 2800, ["Country_data_OMA"] = 3300, ["Country_data_Ohio"] = 6000, ["Country_data_Oklahoma"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Oman"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Ontario"] = 3900, ["Country_data_Ottoman_Empire"] = 3200, ["Country_data_PAK"] = 9100, ["Country_data_PAN"] = 6000, ["Country_data_PAR"] = 11000, ["Country_data_PER"] = 14000, ["Country_data_PHI"] = 13000, ["Country_data_PLE"] = 2000, ["Country_data_PNG"] = 3200, ["Country_data_POL"] = 61000, ["Country_data_POR"] = 37000, ["Country_data_PRK"] = 5000, ["Country_data_PRT"] = 3600, ["Country_data_PUR"] = 8100, ["Country_data_Pakistan"] = 51000, ["Country_data_Palau"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Palestine"] = 7700, ["Country_data_Panama"] = 30000, ["Country_data_Papua_New_Guinea"] = 8400, ["Country_data_Paraguay"] = 45000, ["Country_data_Pennsylvania"] = 3600, ["Country_data_Peru"] = 64000, ["Country_data_Philippines"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Poland"] = 240000, ["Country_data_Portugal"] = 116000, ["Country_data_Prussia"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Puerto_Rico"] = 34000, ["Country_data_QAT"] = 9500, ["Country_data_Qatar"] = 32000, ["Country_data_Quebec"] = 4400, ["Country_data_Queensland"] = 2400, ["Country_data_ROM"] = 15000, ["Country_data_ROU"] = 31000, ["Country_data_RSA"] = 36000, ["Country_data_RUS"] = 68000, ["Country_data_RWA"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Republic_of_China"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Republic_of_Ireland"] = 54000, ["Country_data_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 8300, ["Country_data_Romania"] = 113000, ["Country_data_Russia"] = 254000, ["Country_data_Russian_Empire"] = 5600, ["Country_data_Rwanda"] = 8500, ["Country_data_SAM"] = 3700, ["Country_data_SCG"] = 2900, ["Country_data_SCO"] = 29000, ["Country_data_SEN"] = 8500, ["Country_data_SER"] = 3700, ["Country_data_SGP"] = 4500, ["Country_data_SIN"] = 7500, ["Country_data_SLE"] = 2100, ["Country_data_SLO"] = 22000, ["Country_data_SLV"] = 3200, ["Country_data_SMR"] = 3600, ["Country_data_SPA"] = 5500, ["Country_data_SRB"] = 30000, ["Country_data_SRI"] = 5300, ["Country_data_SUI"] = 51000, ["Country_data_SUR"] = 2300, ["Country_data_SVK"] = 32000, ["Country_data_SVN"] = 7400, ["Country_data_SWE"] = 65000, ["Country_data_SWI"] = 5100, ["Country_data_SYR"] = 4000, ["Country_data_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis"] = 4900, ["Country_data_Saint_Lucia"] = 5300, ["Country_data_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines"] = 5000, ["Country_data_Samoa"] = 8100, ["Country_data_San_Marino"] = 9600, ["Country_data_Saskatchewan"] = 4000, ["Country_data_Saudi_Arabia"] = 37000, ["Country_data_Scotland"] = 101000, ["Country_data_Senegal"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Serbia"] = 104000, ["Country_data_Serbia_and_Montenegro"] = 5400, ["Country_data_Seychelles"] = 5800, ["Country_data_Sierra_Leone"] = 7600, ["Country_data_Singapore"] = 50000, ["Country_data_Slovakia"] = 95000, ["Country_data_Slovenia"] = 91000, ["Country_data_Solomon_Islands"] = 4700, ["Country_data_Somalia"] = 6400, ["Country_data_South_Africa"] = 121000, ["Country_data_South_Australia"] = 2300, ["Country_data_South_Carolina"] = 3100, ["Country_data_South_Korea"] = 116000, ["Country_data_South_Sudan"] = 4800, ["Country_data_Soviet_Union"] = 77000, ["Country_data_Spain"] = 276000, ["Country_data_Sri_Lanka"] = 35000, ["Country_data_Sudan"] = 8700, ["Country_data_Suriname"] = 6800, ["Country_data_Sweden"] = 166000, ["Country_data_Switzerland"] = 149000, ["Country_data_Syria"] = 21000, ["Country_data_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe"] = 3400, ["Country_data_TAN"] = 3500, ["Country_data_TCH"] = 12000, ["Country_data_THA"] = 25000, ["Country_data_TJK"] = 2900, ["Country_data_TKM"] = 3100, ["Country_data_TOG"] = 2100, ["Country_data_TON"] = 2000, ["Country_data_TPE"] = 19000, ["Country_data_TRI"] = 5100, ["Country_data_TTO"] = 2200, ["Country_data_TUN"] = 12000, ["Country_data_TUR"] = 33000, ["Country_data_TWN"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Taiwan"] = 27000, ["Country_data_Tajikistan"] = 9700, ["Country_data_Tanzania"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Tennessee"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Texas"] = 5800, ["Country_data_Thailand"] = 95000, ["Country_data_Timor-Leste"] = 5100, ["Country_data_Togo"] = 7600, ["Country_data_Tonga"] = 6700, ["Country_data_Trinidad_and_Tobago"] = 24000, ["Country_data_Tunisia"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Turkey"] = 139000, ["Country_data_Turkmenistan"] = 8400, ["Country_data_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Tuvalu"] = 2600, ["Country_data_U.S."] = 2000, ["Country_data_U.S._Virgin_Islands"] = 4900, ["Country_data_UAE"] = 11000, ["Country_data_UGA"] = 5300, ["Country_data_UK"] = 19000, ["Country_data_UKGBI"] = 3500, ["Country_data_UKR"] = 44000, ["Country_data_URS"] = 19000, ["Country_data_URU"] = 16000, ["Country_data_US"] = 5600, ["Country_data_USA"] = 151000, ["Country_data_USSR"] = 5300, ["Country_data_UZB"] = 14000, ["Country_data_Uganda"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Ukraine"] = 118000, ["Country_data_United_Arab_Emirates"] = 38000, ["Country_data_United_Kingdom"] = 158000, ["Country_data_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland"] = 4900, ["Country_data_United_Nations"] = 4400, ["Country_data_United_States"] = 437000, ["Country_data_United_States_of_America"] = 4500, ["Country_data_Uruguay"] = 52000, ["Country_data_Uzbekistan"] = 36000, ["Country_data_VEN"] = 18000, ["Country_data_VIE"] = 7300, ["Country_data_Vanuatu"] = 5100, ["Country_data_Vatican_City"] = 3000, ["Country_data_Venezuela"] = 65000, ["Country_data_Victoria"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Vietnam"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Virginia"] = 3100, ["Country_data_WAL"] = 19000, ["Country_data_Wales"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Washington"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Washington,_D.C."] = 2200, ["Country_data_Washington_(state)"] = 3400, ["Country_data_West_Germany"] = 52000, ["Country_data_West_Indies"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Wisconsin"] = 5600, ["Country_data_Wyoming"] = 2100, ["Country_data_YUG"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Yemen"] = 8000, ["Country_data_Yugoslavia"] = 34000, ["Country_data_ZAF"] = 5400, ["Country_data_ZAM"] = 3800, ["Country_data_ZIM"] = 9200, ["Country_data_Zambia"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Zimbabwe"] = 32000, ["Country_data_none"] = 2100, ["Country_flagbio"] = 40000, ["Country_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest"] = 2900, ["Country_name"] = 59000, ["Country_prefix_the"] = 176000, ["Country_showdata"] = 7000, ["Country_topics"] = 25000, ["County"] = 7000, ["County_(judet)_of_Romania"] = 3300, ["Course_assignment"] = 4200, ["Course_details"] = 8600, ["Course_instructor"] = 3200, ["Cquote"] = 35000, ["Cr"] = 5000, ["Cr-rt"] = 2400, ["Create_taxonomy/link"] = 150000, ["Creative_Commons_text_attribution_notice"] = 6400, ["Cref2"] = 2900, ["Cricinfo"] = 24000, ["Cricket_squad2_player"] = 2800, ["Cricketarchive"] = 3000, ["Croatian_Census_2021"] = 4200, ["Cross"] = 4100, ["Crossreference"] = 2600, ["Crossreference/styles.css"] = 2600, ["Cs1_config"] = 13000, ["Cslist"] = 3700, ["Csv"] = 76000, ["Currency"] = 5500, ["Current_events"] = 9400, ["Current_events/styles.css"] = 9400, ["Current_leader"] = 5300, ["Currentdate"] = 24000, ["Cvt"] = 173000, ["Cycling_Archives"] = 4300, ["Cycling_data_DAT"] = 2000, ["Cycling_data_LTD"] = 2400, ["Cycling_data_MOV_men"] = 2300, ["Cycling_data_SOQ"] = 2200, ["Cycling_data_TVL"] = 2400, ["Cycling_data_UEX"] = 2300, ["Cycling_team_link"] = 14000, ["Module:CFB_schedule"] = 29000, ["Module:CS1_identifiers"] = 507000, ["Module:CallAssert"] = 122000, ["Module:Canada_NTS"] = 2100, ["Module:Canada_NTS/data"] = 2100, ["Module:Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900, ["Module:Catalog_lookup_link"] = 62000, ["Module:Category_described_in_year"] = 6400, ["Module:Category_described_in_year/config"] = 6400, ["Module:Category_disambiguation"] = 2700, ["Module:Category_handler"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/blacklist"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/config"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/data"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/shared"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_main_article"] = 221000, ["Module:Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000, ["Module:Category_pair"] = 7100, ["Module:Category_see_also"] = 55000, ["Module:Category_series_navigation"] = 598000, ["Module:Category_series_navigation/styles.css"] = 598000, ["Module:Celestial_object_quadrangle"] = 2100, ["Module:Chart"] = 2900, ["Module:Chart/Default_colors"] = 2900, ["Module:Check_DYK_hook"] = 126000, ["Module:Check_blp_parameter"] = 2920000, ["Module:Check_for_conflicting_parameters"] = 4740000, ["Module:Check_for_deprecated_parameters"] = 972000, ["Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters"] = 23400000, ["Module:Check_height"] = 153000, ["Module:Check_isxn"] = 16000, ["Module:Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000, ["Module:Checkuser"] = 91000, ["Module:Chem2"] = 11000, ["Module:Chem2/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Module:Citation/CS1"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/COinS"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions"] = 26000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation_mode"] = 49000, ["Module:Cite"] = 53000, ["Module:Cite/config"] = 70000, ["Module:Cite_IUCN"] = 71000, ["Module:Cite_Q"] = 17000, ["Module:Cite_Q/config"] = 17000, ["Module:Cite_taxon"] = 56000, ["Module:Cite_tweet"] = 48000, ["Module:Clade"] = 10000, ["Module:Class"] = 61000, ["Module:Class/definition.json"] = 61000, ["Module:Class/styles.css"] = 39000, ["Module:Class_mask"] = 462000, ["Module:Clickable_button"] = 1870000, ["Module:Collapsible_list"] = 70000, ["Module:College_color"] = 137000, ["Module:College_color/data"] = 137000, ["Module:Color_contrast"] = 576000, ["Module:Color_contrast/colors"] = 579000, ["Module:Comma-separated_list"] = 3700, ["Module:Commons_link"] = 1080000, ["Module:Compact_list"] = 2000, ["Module:Complex_date"] = 48000, ["Module:Conservation_status"] = 89000, ["Module:Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000, ["Module:Convert"] = 1520000, ["Module:Convert/data"] = 1520000, ["Module:Convert/helper"] = 13000, ["Module:Convert/text"] = 1520000, ["Module:Convert/wikidata"] = 2700, ["Module:Convert/wikidata/data"] = 2700, ["Module:ConvertIB"] = 799000, ["Module:ConvertIB/data"] = 274000, ["Module:ConvertNumeric"] = 21000, ["Module:Convert_character_width"] = 3100, ["Module:Convert_character_width/data"] = 3100, ["Module:Coordinates"] = 1410000, ["Module:Coordinates/styles.css"] = 1410000, ["Module:Copied"] = 43000, ["Module:Country2nationality"] = 97000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Adjectives"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Demonyms"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/The"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryData"] = 476000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheA"] = 165000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheB"] = 81000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheC"] = 59000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheD"] = 56000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheE"] = 38000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheF"] = 26000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheG"] = 27000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheH"] = 18000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheI"] = 17000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheJ"] = 11000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheK"] = 11000, ["Module:CountryData/summary"] = 476000, ["Module:Country_adjective"] = 4700, ["Module:Country_alias"] = 62000, ["Module:Country_alias/data"] = 63000, ["Module:Cslist"] = 3700, ["Module:Currency"] = 5500, ["Module:Currency/Presentation"] = 5500, ["Module:Current_leader"] = 5500, ["Module:Current_leader/data"] = 5500, } jgcfl4auwz3e5nwv56xjre9pgrfcwpi 121200 121199 2026-09-04T22:13:17Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/C]] 121199 Scribunto text/plain return { ["C"] = 801000, ["C-Class"] = 17000, ["C-SPAN"] = 13000, ["C-cmn"] = 2800, ["C-pl"] = 51000, ["C."] = 353000, ["CAN"] = 20000, ["CANelec"] = 18000, ["CANelec/gain"] = 3500, ["CANelec/hold"] = 6700, ["CANelec/source"] = 11000, ["CANelec/top"] = 9000, ["CANelec/total"] = 9500, ["CAS"] = 3800, ["CAS_Registry_Number"] = 3800, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 3500, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 3600, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 3400, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 4200, ["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 3300, ["CBB_roster/Footer"] = 11000, ["CBB_roster/Header"] = 11000, ["CBB_roster/Player"] = 11000, ["CBB_schedule_end"] = 14000, ["CBB_schedule_entry"] = 14000, ["CBB_schedule_start"] = 14000, ["CBB_standings_end"] = 19000, ["CBB_standings_entry"] = 19000, ["CBB_standings_start"] = 19000, ["CBB_yearly_record_end"] = 4700, ["CBB_yearly_record_end/legend"] = 4100, ["CBB_yearly_record_entry"] = 4600, ["CBB_yearly_record_start"] = 4500, ["CBB_yearly_record_subhead"] = 4300, ["CBB_yearly_record_subtotal"] = 4400, ["CBSB_Standings_End"] = 2700, ["CBSB_Standings_Entry"] = 2700, ["CBSB_Standings_Start"] = 2600, ["CBSB_link"] = 4100, ["CBSB_standings_end"] = 5500, ["CBSB_standings_entry"] = 5500, ["CBSB_standings_start"] = 5500, ["CC0"] = 4000, ["CC_BY-SA_2.5"] = 2100, ["CC_BY-SA_2.5,_2.0,_1.0"] = 2100, ["CC_BY-SA_3.0"] = 21000, ["CC_BY-SA_3.0_migrated"] = 19000, ["CC_BY-SA_4.0"] = 13000, ["CC_BY_2.5"] = 2600, ["CC_BY_3.0"] = 7000, ["CFB_Standings_End"] = 16000, ["CFB_Standings_Entry"] = 16000, ["CFB_Standings_Start"] = 16000, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 7900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_End/legend"] = 2900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 7900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 7900, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 8000, ["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 7800, ["CFB_schedule"] = 29000, ["CFB_schedule_entry"] = 22000, ["CFB_standings_end"] = 39000, ["CFB_standings_entry"] = 39000, ["CFB_standings_start"] = 39000, ["CFL_Year"] = 7300, ["CGF_year"] = 3800, ["CGNDB_URL"] = 5400, ["CHE"] = 12000, ["CHI"] = 3300, ["CHL"] = 4300, ["CHN"] = 15000, ["CN"] = 4000, ["CO2"] = 3500, ["COI"] = 14000, ["COIUL"] = 131000, ["COI_editnotice"] = 7800, ["COL"] = 5600, ["COLON"] = 14000, ["CRI"] = 2300, ["CRO"] = 6600, ["CS1_config"] = 15000, ["CSK"] = 2800, ["CSS_crop"] = 2100, ["CSS_image_crop"] = 9600, ["CUB"] = 4200, ["CURRENTDATE"] = 3600, ["CYP"] = 2200, ["CZE"] = 16000, ["Calendar"] = 2500, ["Calendar/styles.css"] = 2800, ["California/color"] = 12000, ["Call_sign_disambiguation"] = 3100, ["Campaignbox"] = 26000, ["CanProvName"] = 19000, ["CanadaByProvinceCatNav"] = 9500, ["CanadaProvinceThe"] = 4500, ["Canada_NTS_Map_Sheet"] = 2100, ["Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900, ["Canadian_English"] = 13000, ["Canadian_Parliament_links"] = 5100, ["Canadian_election_result"] = 18000, ["Canadian_election_result/gain"] = 3600, ["Canadian_election_result/hold"] = 7000, ["Canadian_election_result/source"] = 13000, ["Canadian_election_result/top"] = 19000, ["Canadian_election_result/total"] = 14000, ["Canadian_party_colour"] = 11000, ["Canadian_party_colour/colour"] = 23000, ["Canadian_party_colour/colour/default"] = 23000, ["Canadian_party_colour/name"] = 19000, ["Canadian_party_colour/name/default"] = 8300, ["Canadian_province_name"] = 19000, ["Canned_search"] = 8500, ["Cascite"] = 17000, ["Caselaw_source"] = 4800, ["Cassini-Ehess"] = 3300, ["Cast_listing"] = 30000, ["Castlist"] = 5700, ["Cat"] = 472000, ["CatAutoTOC"] = 372000, ["CatRel"] = 4100, ["CatTrack"] = 20000, ["Cat_class"] = 6100, ["Cat_main"] = 149000, ["Cat_more"] = 102000, ["Cat_more_if_exists"] = 29000, ["Cat_see_also"] = 3800, ["Catalog_lookup_link"] = 60000, ["Catalog_of_Fishes"] = 9800, ["Catalogue_of_Life"] = 24000, ["Category"] = 2400, ["Category-Class"] = 14000, ["Category-inline"] = 11000, ["Category_TOC"] = 80000, ["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year"] = 7500, ["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year/core"] = 7500, ["Category_class"] = 25000, ["Category_described_in_year"] = 6400, ["Category_diffuse"] = 11000, ["Category_disambiguation"] = 2700, ["Category_explanation"] = 416000, ["Category_handler"] = 2730000, ["Category_if_exists"] = 94000, ["Category_ifexist"] = 4900, ["Category_importance"] = 8800, ["Category_link"] = 694000, ["Category_link/core"] = 694000, ["Category_link_if_exists"] = 81000, ["Category_link_with_count"] = 9300, ["Category_link_without_namespace"] = 802000, ["Category_links"] = 9900, ["Category_main_article"] = 221000, ["Category_more"] = 143000, ["Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000, ["Category_ordered_by_date"] = 13000, ["Category_other"] = 1110000, ["Category_pair"] = 2200, ["Category_redirect"] = 159000, ["Category_redirect/core"] = 159000, ["Category_see_also"] = 55000, ["Category_see_also/Category_pair_check"] = 55000, ["Category_see_also_if_exists"] = 95000, ["Category_see_also_if_exists_2"] = 101000, ["Category_series_navigation"] = 598000, ["Category_title"] = 2400, ["Catexp"] = 5900, ["CathEncy"] = 2300, ["Catholic"] = 3700, ["Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 5100, ["Catmain"] = 29000, ["Catmore"] = 9800, ["Catseealso"] = 2300, ["Cbb_link"] = 10000, ["Cbignore"] = 133000, ["Cbsb_link"] = 2500, ["Cc-by-2.5"] = 2600, ["Cc-by-3.0"] = 7000, ["Cc-by-sa-2.5"] = 2100, ["Cc-by-sa-2.5,2.0,1.0"] = 2100, ["Cc-by-sa-3.0"] = 20000, ["Cc-by-sa-3.0-migrated"] = 19000, ["Cc-by-sa-4.0"] = 13000, ["Cc-zero"] = 3800, ["CensusAU"] = 9100, ["Census_2016_AUS"] = 5700, ["Census_2021_AUS"] = 6200, ["Cent"] = 6900, ["Center"] = 301000, ["Centered_quote"] = 37000, ["Centralized_discussion"] = 7300, ["Centralized_discussion/core"] = 7200, ["Centralized_discussion/styles.css"] = 7200, ["Centre"] = 4200, ["Century"] = 16000, ["Century_name_from_decade"] = 2400, ["Century_name_from_decade_or_year"] = 127000, ["Century_name_from_title_decade"] = 7600, ["Century_name_from_title_year"] = 9300, ["Certification_Cite_Ref"] = 38000, ["Certification_Table_Bottom"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry"] = 39000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot/helper"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/MexicanAward"] = 2300, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Region"] = 38000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales"] = 37000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/AustrianPeriod"] = 2500, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/BelgianPeriod"] = 2400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriod"] = 4400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper1"] = 4400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper2"] = 4400, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriod"] = 2200, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriodAlbum"] = 2000, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/GermanPeriod"] = 4100, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/ItalianHelper"] = 4500, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/MexicanSales"] = 2200, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/NewZealandPeriod"] = 7800, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SpanishSinglesPeriod"] = 2800, ["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SwedishPeriod"] = 2300, ["Certification_Table_Separator"] = 3300, ["Certification_Table_Top"] = 39000, ["Cfb_link"] = 26000, ["Cfd_all"] = 6400, ["Cfm_full"] = 2500, ["Cfr_full"] = 3500, ["Chart_bottom"] = 4500, ["Chart_top"] = 4500, ["Check_completeness_of_transclusions"] = 65000, ["Check_talk"] = 64000, ["Check_talk_wp"] = 1460000, ["Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000, ["CheckedSockpuppet"] = 7200, ["Checked_sockpuppet"] = 18000, ["Checkedsockpuppet"] = 5300, ["Checkip"] = 12000, ["Checkuser"] = 90000, ["Checkuserblock-account"] = 45000, ["Chem"] = 6000, ["Chem/atom"] = 5900, ["Chem/link"] = 6000, ["Chem2"] = 11000, ["Chem_molar_mass"] = 22000, ["Chem_molar_mass/format"] = 22000, ["Chembox"] = 16000, ["Chembox/styles.css"] = 16000, ["Chembox_3DMet"] = 15000, ["Chembox_AllOtherNames"] = 14000, ["Chembox_AllOtherNames/format"] = 14000, ["Chembox_Appearance"] = 7200, ["Chembox_BoilingPt"] = 4200, ["Chembox_CASNo"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CASNo/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CalcTemperatures"] = 7600, ["Chembox_ChEBI"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChEBI/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChEMBL"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChEMBL/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChemSpiderID"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ChemSpiderID/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CompTox"] = 15000, ["Chembox_CompTox/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Datapage_check"] = 16000, ["Chembox_Density"] = 5700, ["Chembox_DrugBank"] = 15000, ["Chembox_DrugBank/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ECHA"] = 8300, ["Chembox_ECNumber"] = 15000, ["Chembox_ECNumber/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Elements"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Elements/molecular_formula"] = 21000, ["Chembox_FlashPt"] = 2100, ["Chembox_Footer"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Footer/tracking"] = 16000, ["Chembox_GHS_(set)"] = 4500, ["Chembox_Hazards"] = 13000, ["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand"] = 15000, ["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Identifiers"] = 15000, ["Chembox_InChI"] = 15000, ["Chembox_InChI/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Indexlist"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Jmol"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Jmol/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_KEGG"] = 15000, ["Chembox_KEGG/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_MeltingPt"] = 6600, ["Chembox_OtherCpds"] = 2100, ["Chembox_Properties"] = 15000, ["Chembox_PubChem"] = 15000, ["Chembox_PubChem/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_RTECS"] = 15000, ["Chembox_RTECS/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_Related"] = 4200, ["Chembox_SMILES"] = 15000, ["Chembox_SMILES/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_SolubilityInWater"] = 4500, ["Chembox_Structure"] = 2400, ["Chembox_UNII"] = 15000, ["Chembox_UNII/format"] = 15000, ["Chembox_headerbar"] = 16000, ["Chembox_image"] = 14000, ["Chembox_image_cell"] = 14000, ["Chembox_image_sbs"] = 14000, ["Chembox_parametercheck"] = 15000, ["Chembox_setDatarow"] = 5500, ["Chembox_setHeader"] = 5500, ["Chembox_templatePar/formatPreviewMessage"] = 16000, ["Chembox_verification"] = 6900, ["Chemspidercite"] = 11000, ["Chessgames_player"] = 3800, ["Chinese"] = 3500, ["Circa"] = 470000, ["Circular_reference"] = 4000, ["Citation"] = 412000, ["Citation/make_link"] = 7900, ["Citation/styles.css"] = 53000, ["Citation_needed"] = 637000, ["Citation_needed_span"] = 3600, ["Citation_style"] = 4500, ["Cite_AV_media"] = 81000, ["Cite_AV_media_notes"] = 34000, ["Cite_Appletons'"] = 2400, ["Cite_Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography"] = 5000, ["Cite_Box_Office_Mojo"] = 2500, ["Cite_Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 8600, ["Cite_DCB"] = 3300, ["Cite_DGRBM"] = 2200, ["Cite_DNB"] = 20000, ["Cite_EB1911"] = 26000, ["Cite_FTP"] = 2500, ["Cite_GBIF"] = 4300, ["Cite_GNIS"] = 2400, ["Cite_Gaia_DR3"] = 3100, ["Cite_Google_Maps"] = 20000, ["Cite_Hansard"] = 2700, ["Cite_IUCN"] = 71000, ["Cite_Instagram"] = 7400, ["Cite_Jewish_Encyclopedia"] = 3200, ["Cite_LCDB"] = 2000, ["Cite_Metacritic"] = 2300, ["Cite_NIE"] = 3500, ["Cite_NSW_Parliament"] = 3300, ["Cite_NSW_SHR"] = 2700, ["Cite_NatureServe"] = 3000, ["Cite_ODNB"] = 22000, ["Cite_OED"] = 2500, ["Cite_POWO"] = 6400, ["Cite_Q"] = 17000, ["Cite_QHR"] = 3100, ["Cite_QPN"] = 4100, ["Cite_Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 2900, ["Cite_Rowlett"] = 2500, ["Cite_Russian_law"] = 7800, ["Cite_Ryan"] = 3300, ["Cite_SNL"] = 2100, ["Cite_Sports-Reference"] = 55000, ["Cite_USGov"] = 13000, ["Cite_WoRMS"] = 13000, ["Cite_act"] = 4000, ["Cite_arXiv"] = 7100, ["Cite_bcgnis"] = 3700, ["Cite_book"] = 1910000, ["Cite_certification"] = 43000, ["Cite_certification/Title"] = 39000, ["Cite_certification/URL"] = 43000, ["Cite_certification/archivedate"] = 7700, ["Cite_certification/archiveurl"] = 7700, ["Cite_cgndb"] = 5400, ["Cite_comic"] = 2100, ["Cite_conference"] = 22000, ["Cite_court"] = 6900, ["Cite_dictionary"] = 3600, ["Cite_document"] = 2000, ["Cite_encyclopedia"] = 243000, ["Cite_episode"] = 20000, ["Cite_gnis"] = 35000, ["Cite_instagram"] = 3100, ["Cite_interview"] = 11000, ["Cite_iucn"] = 70000, ["Cite_journal"] = 1180000, ["Cite_legislation_UK"] = 4000, ["Cite_magazine"] = 382000, ["Cite_map"] = 60000, ["Cite_news"] = 1930000, ["Cite_newspaper"] = 2000, ["Cite_newspaper_The_Times"] = 7200, ["Cite_patent"] = 7300, ["Cite_patent/authors"] = 6100, ["Cite_patent/core"] = 7600, ["Cite_peakbagger"] = 5300, ["Cite_podcast"] = 6300, ["Cite_press_release"] = 86000, ["Cite_report"] = 76000, ["Cite_rowlett"] = 2500, ["Cite_ship_register"] = 2000, ["Cite_simbad"] = 5700, ["Cite_sports-reference"] = 60000, ["Cite_taxon"] = 5600, ["Cite_tech_report"] = 3100, ["Cite_thesis"] = 50000, ["Cite_tweet"] = 48000, ["Cite_video"] = 13000, ["Cite_video_game"] = 3500, ["Cite_web"] = 5430000, ["Cite_wikisource"] = 7100, ["Cite_wikisource/make_link"] = 65000, ["Citeweb"] = 4200, ["Civil_navigation"] = 2100, ["Cjersey"] = 3000, ["Cl"] = 219000, ["Clade"] = 10000, ["Clade/styles.css"] = 10000, ["Clarification_needed"] = 2600, ["Clarify"] = 45000, ["Class"] = 38000, ["Class/colour"] = 19000, ["Class/icon"] = 21000, ["Class_mask"] = 462000, ["Classicon"] = 5200, ["Clc"] = 7400, ["Cleanup"] = 8300, ["Cleanup_reorganize"] = 2300, ["Cleanup_rewrite"] = 6800, ["Clear"] = 3760000, ["Clear_left"] = 23000, ["Clear_right"] = 2800, ["Clerk_Request"] = 2500, ["Clerk_note"] = 11000, ["Clerknote"] = 8600, ["Clickable_button"] = 1870000, ["Clickable_button_2"] = 227000, ["Closed_access"] = 5600, ["Closed_peer_review_page"] = 3200, ["Closed_rfc_bottom"] = 2200, ["Closed_rfc_top"] = 2900, ["Clr"] = 3100, ["Club_players_category"] = 9500, ["Clubplayerscat"] = 9500, ["Cmbox"] = 539000, ["Cn"] = 113000, ["Cnote2"] = 2900, ["Cnote2_Begin"] = 2900, ["Cnote2_End"] = 2900, ["Coat_of_arms"] = 2500, ["Cob"] = 15000, ["Code"] = 297000, ["Cof_family"] = 4600, ["Cof_genus"] = 5400, ["Col-1-of-2"] = 2400, ["Col-2"] = 186000, ["Col-2-of-2"] = 2300, ["Col-3"] = 11000, ["Col-4"] = 3800, ["Col-begin"] = 231000, ["Col-begin/styles.css"] = 231000, ["Col-break"] = 229000, ["Col-end"] = 231000, ["Col-float"] = 4900, ["Col-float-break"] = 4800, ["Col-float-end"] = 4800, ["Col-float/styles.css"] = 4900, ["Col-start"] = 9800, ["Col_div"] = 2200, ["Colbegin"] = 24000, ["Colend"] = 27000, ["Collapse"] = 8900, ["Collapse_bottom"] = 56000, ["Collapse_top"] = 57000, ["Collapse_top/styles.css"] = 57000, ["Collapsebottom"] = 4100, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin"] = 4400, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/cont"] = 4400, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/styles.css"] = 4400, ["Collapsed_infobox_section_end"] = 4500, ["Collapsetop"] = 4100, ["Collapsible_list"] = 68000, ["Collapsible_option"] = 152000, ["Colledge:_Ships_RN"] = 3000, ["College"] = 12000, ["CollegePrimaryHeader"] = 8200, ["CollegePrimaryStyle"] = 111000, ["CollegeSecondaryStyle"] = 11000, ["College_Athlete_Recruit_End"] = 2800, ["College_Athlete_Recruit_Entry"] = 2900, ["College_Athlete_Recruit_Start"] = 2900, ["College_athlete_recruit_end"] = 5000, ["College_athlete_recruit_entry"] = 5200, ["College_athlete_recruit_start"] = 5200, ["College_color_list"] = 4400, ["College_sports_team_link"] = 31000, ["Colon"] = 20000, ["Color"] = 501000, ["Color/styles.css"] = 501000, ["Color_box"] = 86000, ["Colorbox"] = 2600, ["Colorbull"] = 4600, ["Colored_link"] = 106000, ["Coloredlink"] = 3200, ["Colors"] = 3600, ["Colour"] = 5500, ["Colour_box"] = 2500, ["Coloured_link"] = 12000, ["Column"] = 4300, ["Column/styles.css"] = 4400, ["Columns-end"] = 4000, ["Columns-list"] = 126000, ["Columns-start"] = 4000, ["Comic_Book_DB"] = 3500, ["Comicbookdb"] = 3400, ["Comics-replaceability"] = 2700, ["Comics_infobox_sec/formcat"] = 3400, ["Comics_infobox_sec/genre"] = 4200, ["Comics_infobox_sec/genrecat"] = 3800, ["Comics_infobox_sec/styles.css"] = 8100, ["Comma-separated_list"] = 3700, ["Comma-separated_list/styles.css"] = 3700, ["Comma_separated_entries"] = 522000, ["Comment"] = 7600, ["Committed_identity"] = 3200, ["Committed_identity/styles.css"] = 3200, ["Commons"] = 73000, ["Commons-inline"] = 25000, ["Commons_cat"] = 45000, ["Commons_category"] = 905000, ["Commons_category-inline"] = 178000, ["Commons_category_inline"] = 5700, ["Commonscat"] = 59000, ["Commonscat-inline"] = 14000, ["Commonscat_inline"] = 2200, ["Commonscatinline"] = 7200, ["Compact_TOC"] = 7300, ["Compact_ToC"] = 3200, ["Compose_molecular_formula"] = 2400, ["Composition_bar"] = 13000, ["Confirmed"] = 20000, ["Confused"] = 3200, ["Confusing"] = 2400, ["CongBio"] = 9400, ["CongLinks"] = 4800, ["Connected_contributor"] = 21000, ["Connected_contributor_(paid)"] = 10000, ["Constellation_navbox"] = 10000, ["Container"] = 14000, ["Container_cat"] = 9100, ["Container_category"] = 93000, ["Containercat"] = 2800, ["Contains_special_characters"] = 5300, ["Contains_special_characters/core"] = 5300, ["Contains_special_characters/styles.css"] = 5300, ["Content_category"] = 7900, ["Contentious_topics/Additional_restrictions.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_editnotice"] = 6900, ["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_talk_notice"] = 6100, ["Contentious_topics/Category_database.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/Restrictions_definition.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/Standard_set.json"] = 21000, ["Contentious_topics/list"] = 30000, ["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_editnotice_base"] = 7400, ["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_talk_notice"] = 2700, ["Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000, ["Context"] = 2600, ["Continent2continental"] = 46000, ["Continent_adjective_to_noun"] = 10000, ["Continental2continent"] = 23000, ["Controversial"] = 3000, ["Convert"] = 1420000, ["Convert_abbreviated"] = 174000, ["Convinfobox"] = 308000, ["Coord"] = 1400000, ["Coord_missing"] = 70000, ["Coord_missing/CheckCat"] = 69000, ["Coords"] = 6600, ["Copied"] = 22000, ["Copy_edit"] = 2100, ["Copy_to_Commons"] = 2400, ["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons"] = 86000, ["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons_in"] = 4300, ["Cospar"] = 2800, ["Cot"] = 14000, ["Count"] = 1030000, ["Country2continent"] = 96000, ["Country2continental"] = 32000, ["Country2nationality"] = 35000, ["CountryPrefixThe"] = 77000, ["Country_abbreviation"] = 94000, ["Country_alias"] = 17000, ["Country_at_games_navbox"] = 5800, ["Country_at_games_navbox/below"] = 5800, ["Country_data"] = 12000, ["Country_data_AFG"] = 2600, ["Country_data_ALB"] = 7300, ["Country_data_ALG"] = 11000, ["Country_data_AND"] = 3700, ["Country_data_ANG"] = 4400, ["Country_data_ARG"] = 53000, ["Country_data_ARM"] = 8400, ["Country_data_AUS"] = 89000, ["Country_data_AUT"] = 52000, ["Country_data_AZE"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Afghanistan"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Alabama"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Alaska"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Albania"] = 35000, ["Country_data_Alberta"] = 3100, ["Country_data_Algeria"] = 47000, ["Country_data_American_Samoa"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Andorra"] = 9400, ["Country_data_Angola"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Anguilla"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Antigua_and_Barbuda"] = 6400, ["Country_data_Apulia"] = 7900, ["Country_data_Argentina"] = 151000, ["Country_data_Arizona"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Arkansas"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Armenia"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Aruba"] = 4000, ["Country_data_Australia"] = 274000, ["Country_data_Austria"] = 144000, ["Country_data_Austria-Hungary"] = 2300, ["Country_data_Azerbaijan"] = 51000, ["Country_data_BAH"] = 4700, ["Country_data_BAN"] = 4500, ["Country_data_BAR"] = 2700, ["Country_data_BDI"] = 2000, ["Country_data_BEL"] = 60000, ["Country_data_BEN"] = 2000, ["Country_data_BER"] = 2500, ["Country_data_BFA"] = 2000, ["Country_data_BHR"] = 5800, ["Country_data_BIH"] = 14000, ["Country_data_BLR"] = 26000, ["Country_data_BOL"] = 6700, ["Country_data_BOT"] = 3200, ["Country_data_BRA"] = 65000, ["Country_data_BUL"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Bahamas"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Bahrain"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Bangladesh"] = 34000, ["Country_data_Barbados"] = 8800, ["Country_data_Belarus"] = 90000, ["Country_data_Belgium"] = 156000, ["Country_data_Belize"] = 5300, ["Country_data_Benin"] = 8100, ["Country_data_Bermuda"] = 6400, ["Country_data_Bhutan"] = 4900, ["Country_data_Bolivia"] = 24000, ["Country_data_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina"] = 53000, ["Country_data_Botswana"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Brazil"] = 170000, ["Country_data_British_Columbia"] = 3700, ["Country_data_British_Empire"] = 2100, ["Country_data_British_Raj"] = 2500, ["Country_data_British_Virgin_Islands"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Brunei"] = 6900, ["Country_data_Bulgaria"] = 101000, ["Country_data_Burkina_Faso"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Burma"] = 2300, ["Country_data_Burundi"] = 6800, ["Country_data_CAM"] = 2600, ["Country_data_CAN"] = 69000, ["Country_data_CGO"] = 2500, ["Country_data_CHE"] = 5900, ["Country_data_CHI"] = 20000, ["Country_data_CHL"] = 2400, ["Country_data_CHN"] = 49000, ["Country_data_CIV"] = 8600, ["Country_data_CMR"] = 8800, ["Country_data_COD"] = 3500, ["Country_data_COL"] = 28000, ["Country_data_CPV"] = 2300, ["Country_data_CRC"] = 7000, ["Country_data_CRO"] = 37000, ["Country_data_CUB"] = 13000, ["Country_data_CYP"] = 11000, ["Country_data_CZE"] = 54000, ["Country_data_California"] = 6300, ["Country_data_Cambodia"] = 9900, ["Country_data_Cameroon"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Canada"] = 260000, ["Country_data_Cape_Verde"] = 7100, ["Country_data_Castile_and_León"] = 2000, ["Country_data_Catalonia"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Cayman_Islands"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Central_African_Republic"] = 5200, ["Country_data_Chad"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Chile"] = 90000, ["Country_data_China"] = 149000, ["Country_data_Chinese_Taipei"] = 39000, ["Country_data_Colombia"] = 95000, ["Country_data_Colorado"] = 5200, ["Country_data_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Comoros"] = 4700, ["Country_data_Confederate_States_of_America"] = 3100, ["Country_data_Connecticut"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Cook_Islands"] = 3900, ["Country_data_Costa_Rica"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Croatia"] = 105000, ["Country_data_Cuba"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Curaçao"] = 4400, ["Country_data_Cyprus"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Czech_Republic"] = 151000, ["Country_data_Czechoslovakia"] = 34000, ["Country_data_DEN"] = 40000, ["Country_data_DEU"] = 11000, ["Country_data_DNK"] = 4400, ["Country_data_DOM"] = 8400, ["Country_data_DRC"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Delaware"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Denmark"] = 120000, ["Country_data_Djibouti"] = 5000, ["Country_data_Dominica"] = 4300, ["Country_data_Dominican_Republic"] = 34000, ["Country_data_ECU"] = 13000, ["Country_data_EGY"] = 16000, ["Country_data_ENG"] = 52000, ["Country_data_ESA"] = 2500, ["Country_data_ESP"] = 85000, ["Country_data_EST"] = 17000, ["Country_data_ETH"] = 4600, ["Country_data_EU"] = 2700, ["Country_data_East_Germany"] = 28000, ["Country_data_Ecuador"] = 48000, ["Country_data_Egypt"] = 65000, ["Country_data_El_Salvador"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Empire_of_Japan"] = 4400, ["Country_data_England"] = 162000, ["Country_data_Equatorial_Guinea"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Eritrea"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Estonia"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Eswatini"] = 5100, ["Country_data_Ethiopia"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Europe"] = 2800, ["Country_data_European_Union"] = 8200, ["Country_data_FIJ"] = 4500, ["Country_data_FIN"] = 40000, ["Country_data_FRA"] = 115000, ["Country_data_FRG"] = 18000, ["Country_data_FRO"] = 2200, ["Country_data_FR_Yugoslavia"] = 4400, ["Country_data_Faroe_Islands"] = 5800, ["Country_data_Federated_States_of_Micronesia"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Fiji"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Finland"] = 113000, ["Country_data_Florida"] = 5900, ["Country_data_France"] = 334000, ["Country_data_French_Polynesia"] = 3900, ["Country_data_GAB"] = 2500, ["Country_data_GAM"] = 2300, ["Country_data_GBR"] = 67000, ["Country_data_GDR"] = 11000, ["Country_data_GEO"] = 16000, ["Country_data_GER"] = 96000, ["Country_data_GHA"] = 10000, ["Country_data_GIB"] = 2100, ["Country_data_GRE"] = 30000, ["Country_data_GUA"] = 5400, ["Country_data_GUI"] = 3400, ["Country_data_GUY"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Gabon"] = 8200, ["Country_data_Gambia"] = 7700, ["Country_data_Georgia"] = 8600, ["Country_data_Georgia_(U.S._state)"] = 3200, ["Country_data_Georgia_(country)"] = 54000, ["Country_data_German_Empire"] = 5700, ["Country_data_Germany"] = 291000, ["Country_data_Ghana"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Gibraltar"] = 5200, ["Country_data_Great_Britain"] = 127000, ["Country_data_Greece"] = 105000, ["Country_data_Greenland"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Grenada"] = 5700, ["Country_data_Guadeloupe"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Guam"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Guatemala"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Guinea"] = 9500, ["Country_data_Guinea-Bissau"] = 5500, ["Country_data_Guyana"] = 7700, ["Country_data_HAI"] = 3300, ["Country_data_HKG"] = 15000, ["Country_data_HON"] = 4400, ["Country_data_HUN"] = 44000, ["Country_data_Haiti"] = 9800, ["Country_data_Hawaii"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Honduras"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Hong_Kong"] = 51000, ["Country_data_Hungary"] = 114000, ["Country_data_IDN"] = 5800, ["Country_data_INA"] = 12000, ["Country_data_IND"] = 34000, ["Country_data_IRE"] = 13000, ["Country_data_IRI"] = 6700, ["Country_data_IRL"] = 24000, ["Country_data_IRN"] = 7400, ["Country_data_IRQ"] = 4800, ["Country_data_ISL"] = 9300, ["Country_data_ISR"] = 23000, ["Country_data_ITA"] = 102000, ["Country_data_Iceland"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Idaho"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Illinois"] = 4400, ["Country_data_India"] = 258000, ["Country_data_Indiana"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Indonesia"] = 71000, ["Country_data_Iowa"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Iran"] = 159000, ["Country_data_Iraq"] = 23000, ["Country_data_Ireland"] = 66000, ["Country_data_Isle_of_Man"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Israel"] = 93000, ["Country_data_Italy"] = 286000, ["Country_data_Ivory_Coast"] = 33000, ["Country_data_JAM"] = 12000, ["Country_data_JAP"] = 2300, ["Country_data_JOR"] = 4800, ["Country_data_JP"] = 8700, ["Country_data_JPN"] = 69000, ["Country_data_Jamaica"] = 44000, ["Country_data_Japan"] = 263000, ["Country_data_Jersey"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Jordan"] = 22000, ["Country_data_KAZ"] = 24000, ["Country_data_KEN"] = 10000, ["Country_data_KGZ"] = 4500, ["Country_data_KOR"] = 35000, ["Country_data_KOS"] = 3100, ["Country_data_KSA"] = 7600, ["Country_data_KUW"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Kazakhstan"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Kentucky"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Kenya"] = 35000, ["Country_data_Kingdom_of_France"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Italy"] = 4900, ["Country_data_Kiribati"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Kosovo"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Kuwait"] = 20000, ["Country_data_Kyrgyzstan"] = 11000, ["Country_data_LAO"] = 2200, ["Country_data_LAT"] = 17000, ["Country_data_LBN"] = 3000, ["Country_data_LBR"] = 2000, ["Country_data_LIB"] = 2600, ["Country_data_LIE"] = 3800, ["Country_data_LIT"] = 3700, ["Country_data_LTU"] = 15000, ["Country_data_LUX"] = 12000, ["Country_data_LVA"] = 3000, ["Country_data_Laos"] = 8000, ["Country_data_Latvia"] = 55000, ["Country_data_Lebanon"] = 24000, ["Country_data_Lesotho"] = 5400, ["Country_data_Liberia"] = 7900, ["Country_data_Libya"] = 9100, ["Country_data_Liechtenstein"] = 8900, ["Country_data_Lithuania"] = 54000, ["Country_data_Louisiana"] = 2300, ["Country_data_Luxembourg"] = 48000, ["Country_data_MAC"] = 3000, ["Country_data_MAD"] = 2400, ["Country_data_MAR"] = 15000, ["Country_data_MAS"] = 13000, ["Country_data_MDA"] = 8900, ["Country_data_MEX"] = 35000, ["Country_data_MGL"] = 3600, ["Country_data_MKD"] = 8600, ["Country_data_MLI"] = 4600, ["Country_data_MLT"] = 6500, ["Country_data_MNE"] = 8600, ["Country_data_MON"] = 4700, ["Country_data_MOZ"] = 2700, ["Country_data_MRI"] = 2300, ["Country_data_MYA"] = 3400, ["Country_data_MYS"] = 4200, ["Country_data_Macau"] = 6900, ["Country_data_Macedonia"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Madagascar"] = 9600, ["Country_data_Malawi"] = 6200, ["Country_data_Malaysia"] = 71000, ["Country_data_Maldives"] = 6700, ["Country_data_Mali"] = 21000, ["Country_data_Malta"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Manitoba"] = 3000, ["Country_data_Marshall_Islands"] = 3400, ["Country_data_Martinique"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Maryland"] = 3300, ["Country_data_Massachusetts"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Mauritania"] = 6000, ["Country_data_Mauritius"] = 8500, ["Country_data_Mexico"] = 114000, ["Country_data_Michigan"] = 3900, ["Country_data_Minas_Gerais"] = 2100, ["Country_data_Minnesota"] = 3700, ["Country_data_Missouri"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Moldova"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Monaco"] = 12000, ["Country_data_Mongolia"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Montana"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Montenegro"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Montserrat"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Morocco"] = 51000, ["Country_data_Mozambique"] = 8000, ["Country_data_Myanmar"] = 23000, ["Country_data_NAM"] = 4000, ["Country_data_NED"] = 72000, ["Country_data_NEP"] = 3400, ["Country_data_NGA"] = 8700, ["Country_data_NGR"] = 9400, ["Country_data_NIR"] = 11000, ["Country_data_NLD"] = 7400, ["Country_data_NOR"] = 35000, ["Country_data_NZ"] = 3700, ["Country_data_NZL"] = 39000, ["Country_data_Namibia"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Nauru"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Nazi_Germany"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Nepal"] = 32000, ["Country_data_Netherlands"] = 260000, ["Country_data_Netherlands_Antilles"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Nevada"] = 2100, ["Country_data_New_Brunswick"] = 2600, ["Country_data_New_Caledonia"] = 3300, ["Country_data_New_Hampshire"] = 2000, ["Country_data_New_Jersey"] = 4200, ["Country_data_New_South_Wales"] = 6400, ["Country_data_New_York"] = 4300, ["Country_data_New_York_(state)"] = 6800, ["Country_data_New_Zealand"] = 118000, ["Country_data_Newfoundland_and_Labrador"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Nicaragua"] = 9000, ["Country_data_Niger"] = 6300, ["Country_data_Nigeria"] = 66000, ["Country_data_North_Carolina"] = 3500, ["Country_data_North_Korea"] = 23000, ["Country_data_North_Macedonia"] = 33000, ["Country_data_Northern_Ireland"] = 27000, ["Country_data_Northern_Mariana_Islands"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Norway"] = 117000, ["Country_data_Nova_Scotia"] = 2800, ["Country_data_OMA"] = 3300, ["Country_data_Ohio"] = 6000, ["Country_data_Oklahoma"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Oman"] = 10000, ["Country_data_Ontario"] = 3900, ["Country_data_Ottoman_Empire"] = 3200, ["Country_data_PAK"] = 9100, ["Country_data_PAN"] = 6000, ["Country_data_PAR"] = 11000, ["Country_data_PER"] = 14000, ["Country_data_PHI"] = 13000, ["Country_data_PLE"] = 2000, ["Country_data_PNG"] = 3200, ["Country_data_POL"] = 61000, ["Country_data_POR"] = 37000, ["Country_data_PRK"] = 5000, ["Country_data_PRT"] = 3600, ["Country_data_PUR"] = 8100, ["Country_data_Pakistan"] = 51000, ["Country_data_Palau"] = 2600, ["Country_data_Palestine"] = 7700, ["Country_data_Panama"] = 30000, ["Country_data_Papua_New_Guinea"] = 8400, ["Country_data_Paraguay"] = 45000, ["Country_data_Pennsylvania"] = 3600, ["Country_data_Peru"] = 64000, ["Country_data_Philippines"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Poland"] = 240000, ["Country_data_Portugal"] = 116000, ["Country_data_Prussia"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Puerto_Rico"] = 34000, ["Country_data_QAT"] = 9500, ["Country_data_Qatar"] = 32000, ["Country_data_Quebec"] = 4400, ["Country_data_Queensland"] = 2400, ["Country_data_ROM"] = 15000, ["Country_data_ROU"] = 31000, ["Country_data_RSA"] = 36000, ["Country_data_RUS"] = 68000, ["Country_data_RWA"] = 2500, ["Country_data_Republic_of_China"] = 4600, ["Country_data_Republic_of_Ireland"] = 54000, ["Country_data_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 8300, ["Country_data_Romania"] = 113000, ["Country_data_Russia"] = 254000, ["Country_data_Russian_Empire"] = 5600, ["Country_data_Rwanda"] = 8500, ["Country_data_SAM"] = 3700, ["Country_data_SCG"] = 2900, ["Country_data_SCO"] = 29000, ["Country_data_SEN"] = 8500, ["Country_data_SER"] = 3700, ["Country_data_SGP"] = 4500, ["Country_data_SIN"] = 7500, ["Country_data_SLE"] = 2100, ["Country_data_SLO"] = 22000, ["Country_data_SLV"] = 3200, ["Country_data_SMR"] = 3600, ["Country_data_SPA"] = 5500, ["Country_data_SRB"] = 30000, ["Country_data_SRI"] = 5300, ["Country_data_SUI"] = 51000, ["Country_data_SUR"] = 2300, ["Country_data_SVK"] = 32000, ["Country_data_SVN"] = 7400, ["Country_data_SWE"] = 65000, ["Country_data_SWI"] = 5100, ["Country_data_SYR"] = 4000, ["Country_data_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis"] = 4900, ["Country_data_Saint_Lucia"] = 5300, ["Country_data_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines"] = 5000, ["Country_data_Samoa"] = 8100, ["Country_data_San_Marino"] = 9600, ["Country_data_Saskatchewan"] = 4000, ["Country_data_Saudi_Arabia"] = 37000, ["Country_data_Scotland"] = 101000, ["Country_data_Senegal"] = 31000, ["Country_data_Serbia"] = 104000, ["Country_data_Serbia_and_Montenegro"] = 5400, ["Country_data_Seychelles"] = 5800, ["Country_data_Sierra_Leone"] = 7600, ["Country_data_Singapore"] = 50000, ["Country_data_Slovakia"] = 95000, ["Country_data_Slovenia"] = 91000, ["Country_data_Solomon_Islands"] = 4700, ["Country_data_Somalia"] = 6400, ["Country_data_South_Africa"] = 121000, ["Country_data_South_Australia"] = 2300, ["Country_data_South_Carolina"] = 3100, ["Country_data_South_Korea"] = 116000, ["Country_data_South_Sudan"] = 4800, ["Country_data_Soviet_Union"] = 77000, ["Country_data_Spain"] = 276000, ["Country_data_Sri_Lanka"] = 35000, ["Country_data_Sudan"] = 8700, ["Country_data_Suriname"] = 6800, ["Country_data_Sweden"] = 166000, ["Country_data_Switzerland"] = 149000, ["Country_data_Syria"] = 21000, ["Country_data_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe"] = 3400, ["Country_data_TAN"] = 3500, ["Country_data_TCH"] = 12000, ["Country_data_THA"] = 25000, ["Country_data_TJK"] = 2900, ["Country_data_TKM"] = 3100, ["Country_data_TOG"] = 2100, ["Country_data_TON"] = 2000, ["Country_data_TPE"] = 19000, ["Country_data_TRI"] = 5100, ["Country_data_TTO"] = 2200, ["Country_data_TUN"] = 12000, ["Country_data_TUR"] = 33000, ["Country_data_TWN"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Taiwan"] = 27000, ["Country_data_Tajikistan"] = 9700, ["Country_data_Tanzania"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Tennessee"] = 2200, ["Country_data_Texas"] = 5800, ["Country_data_Thailand"] = 95000, ["Country_data_Timor-Leste"] = 5100, ["Country_data_Togo"] = 7600, ["Country_data_Tonga"] = 6700, ["Country_data_Trinidad_and_Tobago"] = 24000, ["Country_data_Tunisia"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Turkey"] = 139000, ["Country_data_Turkmenistan"] = 8400, ["Country_data_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands"] = 2800, ["Country_data_Tuvalu"] = 2600, ["Country_data_U.S."] = 2000, ["Country_data_U.S._Virgin_Islands"] = 4900, ["Country_data_UAE"] = 11000, ["Country_data_UGA"] = 5300, ["Country_data_UK"] = 19000, ["Country_data_UKGBI"] = 3500, ["Country_data_UKR"] = 44000, ["Country_data_URS"] = 19000, ["Country_data_URU"] = 16000, ["Country_data_US"] = 5600, ["Country_data_USA"] = 151000, ["Country_data_USSR"] = 5300, ["Country_data_UZB"] = 14000, ["Country_data_Uganda"] = 22000, ["Country_data_Ukraine"] = 118000, ["Country_data_United_Arab_Emirates"] = 38000, ["Country_data_United_Kingdom"] = 158000, ["Country_data_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland"] = 4900, ["Country_data_United_Nations"] = 4400, ["Country_data_United_States"] = 437000, ["Country_data_United_States_of_America"] = 4500, ["Country_data_Uruguay"] = 52000, ["Country_data_Uzbekistan"] = 36000, ["Country_data_VEN"] = 18000, ["Country_data_VIE"] = 7300, ["Country_data_Vanuatu"] = 5100, ["Country_data_Vatican_City"] = 3000, ["Country_data_Venezuela"] = 65000, ["Country_data_Victoria"] = 2400, ["Country_data_Vietnam"] = 46000, ["Country_data_Virginia"] = 3100, ["Country_data_WAL"] = 19000, ["Country_data_Wales"] = 68000, ["Country_data_Washington"] = 2700, ["Country_data_Washington,_D.C."] = 2200, ["Country_data_Washington_(state)"] = 3400, ["Country_data_West_Germany"] = 52000, ["Country_data_West_Indies"] = 2900, ["Country_data_Wisconsin"] = 5600, ["Country_data_Wyoming"] = 2100, ["Country_data_YUG"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Yemen"] = 8000, ["Country_data_Yugoslavia"] = 34000, ["Country_data_ZAF"] = 5400, ["Country_data_ZAM"] = 3800, ["Country_data_ZIM"] = 9200, ["Country_data_Zambia"] = 11000, ["Country_data_Zimbabwe"] = 32000, ["Country_data_none"] = 2100, ["Country_flagbio"] = 40000, ["Country_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest"] = 2900, ["Country_name"] = 59000, ["Country_prefix_the"] = 176000, ["Country_showdata"] = 7000, ["Country_topics"] = 25000, ["County"] = 7000, ["County_(judet)_of_Romania"] = 3300, ["Course_assignment"] = 4200, ["Course_details"] = 8600, ["Course_instructor"] = 3200, ["Cquote"] = 35000, ["Cr"] = 5000, ["Cr-rt"] = 2400, ["Create_taxonomy/link"] = 150000, ["Creative_Commons_text_attribution_notice"] = 6400, ["Cref2"] = 2900, ["Cricinfo"] = 24000, ["Cricket_squad2_player"] = 2800, ["Cricketarchive"] = 3000, ["Croatian_Census_2021"] = 4200, ["Cross"] = 4100, ["Crossreference"] = 2600, ["Crossreference/styles.css"] = 2600, ["Cs1_config"] = 13000, ["Cslist"] = 3700, ["Csv"] = 76000, ["Currency"] = 5500, ["Current_events"] = 9400, ["Current_events/styles.css"] = 9400, ["Current_leader"] = 5300, ["Currentdate"] = 24000, ["Cvt"] = 173000, ["Cycling_Archives"] = 4300, ["Cycling_data_DAT"] = 2000, ["Cycling_data_LTD"] = 2400, ["Cycling_data_MOV_men"] = 2300, ["Cycling_data_SOQ"] = 2200, ["Cycling_data_TVL"] = 2400, ["Cycling_data_UEX"] = 2300, ["Cycling_team_link"] = 14000, ["Module:CFB_schedule"] = 29000, ["Module:CS1_identifiers"] = 507000, ["Module:CallAssert"] = 122000, ["Module:Canada_NTS"] = 2100, ["Module:Canada_NTS/data"] = 2100, ["Module:Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900, ["Module:Catalog_lookup_link"] = 62000, ["Module:Category_described_in_year"] = 6400, ["Module:Category_described_in_year/config"] = 6400, ["Module:Category_disambiguation"] = 2700, ["Module:Category_handler"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/blacklist"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/config"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/data"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_handler/shared"] = 4990000, ["Module:Category_main_article"] = 221000, ["Module:Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000, ["Module:Category_pair"] = 7100, ["Module:Category_see_also"] = 55000, ["Module:Category_series_navigation"] = 598000, ["Module:Category_series_navigation/styles.css"] = 598000, ["Module:Celestial_object_quadrangle"] = 2100, ["Module:Chart"] = 2900, ["Module:Chart/Default_colors"] = 2900, ["Module:Check_DYK_hook"] = 126000, ["Module:Check_blp_parameter"] = 2920000, ["Module:Check_for_conflicting_parameters"] = 4740000, ["Module:Check_for_deprecated_parameters"] = 972000, ["Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters"] = 23400000, ["Module:Check_height"] = 153000, ["Module:Check_isxn"] = 16000, ["Module:Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000, ["Module:Checkuser"] = 91000, ["Module:Chem2"] = 11000, ["Module:Chem2/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Module:Citation/CS1"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/COinS"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions"] = 26000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist"] = 6560000, ["Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"] = 6680000, ["Module:Citation_mode"] = 49000, ["Module:Cite"] = 53000, ["Module:Cite/config"] = 70000, ["Module:Cite_IUCN"] = 71000, ["Module:Cite_Q"] = 17000, ["Module:Cite_Q/config"] = 17000, ["Module:Cite_taxon"] = 56000, ["Module:Cite_tweet"] = 48000, ["Module:Clade"] = 10000, ["Module:Class"] = 61000, ["Module:Class/definition.json"] = 61000, ["Module:Class/styles.css"] = 39000, ["Module:Class_mask"] = 462000, ["Module:Clickable_button"] = 1870000, ["Module:Collapsible_list"] = 70000, ["Module:College_color"] = 137000, ["Module:College_color/data"] = 137000, ["Module:Color_contrast"] = 576000, ["Module:Color_contrast/colors"] = 579000, ["Module:Comma-separated_list"] = 3700, ["Module:Commons_link"] = 1080000, ["Module:Compact_list"] = 2000, ["Module:Complex_date"] = 48000, ["Module:Conservation_status"] = 89000, ["Module:Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000, ["Module:Convert"] = 1520000, ["Module:Convert/data"] = 1520000, ["Module:Convert/helper"] = 13000, ["Module:Convert/text"] = 1520000, ["Module:Convert/wikidata"] = 2700, ["Module:Convert/wikidata/data"] = 2700, ["Module:ConvertIB"] = 799000, ["Module:ConvertIB/data"] = 274000, ["Module:ConvertNumeric"] = 21000, ["Module:Convert_character_width"] = 3100, ["Module:Convert_character_width/data"] = 3100, ["Module:Coordinates"] = 1410000, ["Module:Coordinates/styles.css"] = 1410000, ["Module:Copied"] = 43000, ["Module:Country2nationality"] = 97000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Adjectives"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Demonyms"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/The"] = 117000, ["Module:CountryData"] = 476000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheA"] = 165000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheB"] = 81000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheC"] = 59000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheD"] = 56000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheE"] = 38000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheF"] = 26000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheG"] = 27000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheH"] = 18000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheI"] = 17000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheJ"] = 11000, ["Module:CountryData/cacheK"] = 11000, ["Module:CountryData/summary"] = 476000, ["Module:Country_adjective"] = 4700, ["Module:Country_alias"] = 62000, ["Module:Country_alias/data"] = 63000, ["Module:Cslist"] = 3700, ["Module:Currency"] = 5500, ["Module:Currency/Presentation"] = 5500, ["Module:Current_leader"] = 5500, ["Module:Current_leader/data"] = 5500, } jgcfl4auwz3e5nwv56xjre9pgrfcwpi 10 15967 121259 47333 2025-11-09T19:12:18Z en>Newslinger 0 Add [[Template:If temporary account]] 121259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Namespace and pagename-detecting templates | state = {{{state|{{{1|<noinclude>expanded</noinclude>}}}}}} | bodyclass=hlist | title = Namespace and pagename-detecting templates | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Namespace|Namespace]] | list1 = {{Navbox |child |groupstyle=font-weight:normal; | group1 = Particular | list1 = * {{tlbare|Main other}} * {{tlbare|Talk other}} * {{tlbare|Category other}} * {{tlbare|Draft other}} * {{tlbare|File other}} ** {{tlbare|Is Commons}} * {{tlbare|Help other}} * {{tlbare|Module other}} * {{tlbare|Portal other}} * {{tlbare|Template other}} * {{tlbare|User other}} * {{tlbare|Project other}} * {{tlbare|Single namespace}} * {{tlbare|If talkspace of}} | group2 = More generic | list2 = * {{tlbare|Namespace detect}} * {{tlbare|Namespace detect showall}} * {{tlbare|Main talk other}} ** {{tlbare|Main talk other flex}} * {{tlbare|Talkspace detect}} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Page name|Pagename]] | list2 = {{navbox|subgroup | groupstyle = line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal; background:transparent; color:inherit; | liststyle = line-height:1.2em | group1 = {{tlbare|When on basepage}} | list1 = Detects and acts according to whether it is on a basepage ''or'' on any subpage (that is, a <code>../..</code> subpage). | group2 = {{tlbare|When pagename is}} | list2 = For pattern matching on the pagename. | group3 = [[Module:Page]] | list3 = Can take apart and put together pagenames in several ways. | group4 = {{tlbare|If temporary account}} | list4 = Page identifies a temporary account | group5 = {{tlbare|IP-talk}} | list5 = Returns IP-user talkpage, registered-user talkpage or non-user talkpage. | group6 = {{tlbare|IP-user other}} | list6 = For detecting IP-user pages. | group7 = {{tlbare|Subpage other}} | list7 = Pagename has an after-slash part (not in mainspace) | group8 = {{tlbare|Sandbox other}} | list8 = Page is subpage /sandbox (template space) | group9 = {{tlbare|Testcases other}} | list9 = Page is subpage /testcases (template space) | group10 = {{tlbare|Rootpage other}} | list10 = Page is rootpage (vs. /subpage) (template space) }} | group3 = Others | list3 = {{navbox|subgroup | groupstyle = line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal; background:transparent; color:inherit; | liststyle = line-height:1.2em | group1 = {{tlbare|Stub other}} | list1 = Detects whether it is on a page with a stub template or not. | group2 = {{tlbare|Redirect other}} | list2 = Detects whether it is on a redirect or not. | group3 = {{tlbare|If preview}} | list3 = Detects whether page is viewed as a preview or not. | group4 = {{tlbare|If IP}} | list4 = Displays different content to IP users and logged-in users. | group5 = {{tlbare|If autoconfirmed}} | list5 = Displays different content to autoconfirmed and non-autoconfirmed users. | group6 = {{tlbare|If extended confirmed}} | list6 = Displays different content to extended confirmed and non-extended confirmed users. | group7 = {{tlbare|If administrator}} | list7 = Displays content only to admins. | group8 = {{tlbare|If mobile}} | list8 = Displays different content to mobile users and desktop users. | group9 = {{tlbare|If dark}} | list9 = Displays different content to dark mode users and light mode users. | group10 = {{tlbare|Noscript}} | list10 = Detects whether page is viewed with a JavaScript-capable client or not. }} | below = * [[Wikipedia:Namespace]] * [[Wikipedia:Page name]] * [[mw:Help:Magic words|Magic words]] * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions|ParserFunctions]] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> q6svs2jr4u4no6ebiaxs1ykz7iaapep 121260 121259 2026-09-04T22:15:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Namespace_and_pagename-detecting_templates]] 121259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Namespace and pagename-detecting templates | state = {{{state|{{{1|<noinclude>expanded</noinclude>}}}}}} | bodyclass=hlist | title = Namespace and pagename-detecting templates | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Namespace|Namespace]] | list1 = {{Navbox |child |groupstyle=font-weight:normal; | group1 = Particular | list1 = * {{tlbare|Main other}} * {{tlbare|Talk other}} * {{tlbare|Category other}} * {{tlbare|Draft other}} * {{tlbare|File other}} ** {{tlbare|Is Commons}} * {{tlbare|Help other}} * {{tlbare|Module other}} * {{tlbare|Portal other}} * {{tlbare|Template other}} * {{tlbare|User other}} * {{tlbare|Project other}} * {{tlbare|Single namespace}} * {{tlbare|If talkspace of}} | group2 = More generic | list2 = * {{tlbare|Namespace detect}} * {{tlbare|Namespace detect showall}} * {{tlbare|Main talk other}} ** {{tlbare|Main talk other flex}} * {{tlbare|Talkspace detect}} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Page name|Pagename]] | list2 = {{navbox|subgroup | groupstyle = line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal; background:transparent; color:inherit; | liststyle = line-height:1.2em | group1 = {{tlbare|When on basepage}} | list1 = Detects and acts according to whether it is on a basepage ''or'' on any subpage (that is, a <code>../..</code> subpage). | group2 = {{tlbare|When pagename is}} | list2 = For pattern matching on the pagename. | group3 = [[Module:Page]] | list3 = Can take apart and put together pagenames in several ways. | group4 = {{tlbare|If temporary account}} | list4 = Page identifies a temporary account | group5 = {{tlbare|IP-talk}} | list5 = Returns IP-user talkpage, registered-user talkpage or non-user talkpage. | group6 = {{tlbare|IP-user other}} | list6 = For detecting IP-user pages. | group7 = {{tlbare|Subpage other}} | list7 = Pagename has an after-slash part (not in mainspace) | group8 = {{tlbare|Sandbox other}} | list8 = Page is subpage /sandbox (template space) | group9 = {{tlbare|Testcases other}} | list9 = Page is subpage /testcases (template space) | group10 = {{tlbare|Rootpage other}} | list10 = Page is rootpage (vs. /subpage) (template space) }} | group3 = Others | list3 = {{navbox|subgroup | groupstyle = line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal; background:transparent; color:inherit; | liststyle = line-height:1.2em | group1 = {{tlbare|Stub other}} | list1 = Detects whether it is on a page with a stub template or not. | group2 = {{tlbare|Redirect other}} | list2 = Detects whether it is on a redirect or not. | group3 = {{tlbare|If preview}} | list3 = Detects whether page is viewed as a preview or not. | group4 = {{tlbare|If IP}} | list4 = Displays different content to IP users and logged-in users. | group5 = {{tlbare|If autoconfirmed}} | list5 = Displays different content to autoconfirmed and non-autoconfirmed users. | group6 = {{tlbare|If extended confirmed}} | list6 = Displays different content to extended confirmed and non-extended confirmed users. | group7 = {{tlbare|If administrator}} | list7 = Displays content only to admins. | group8 = {{tlbare|If mobile}} | list8 = Displays different content to mobile users and desktop users. | group9 = {{tlbare|If dark}} | list9 = Displays different content to dark mode users and light mode users. | group10 = {{tlbare|Noscript}} | list10 = Detects whether page is viewed with a JavaScript-capable client or not. }} | below = * [[Wikipedia:Namespace]] * [[Wikipedia:Page name]] * [[mw:Help:Magic words|Magic words]] * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions|ParserFunctions]] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> q6svs2jr4u4no6ebiaxs1ykz7iaapep 828 15994 121071 117039 2026-08-30T05:11:00Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121071 Scribunto text/plain return { ["P"] = 6400, ["P-1"] = 4800, ["P-phrases"] = 4200, ["P."] = 4000, ["P1"] = 233000, ["P2"] = 514000, ["PAGENAMEBASE"] = 1900000, ["PAGENAMEU"] = 55000, ["PAK"] = 3400, ["PD-US"] = 8600, ["PD-US-1923-abroad"] = 5400, ["PD-US-expired"] = 5000, ["PD-US-expired-abroad"] = 8700, ["PD-US-no_notice"] = 2300, ["PD-art"] = 3200, ["PD-ineligible-USonly"] = 7700, ["PD-notice"] = 26000, ["PD-old-100"] = 3200, ["PD-self"] = 31000, ["PD-textlogo"] = 6200, ["PDB_Gallery"] = 2900, ["PDanube"] = 3300, ["PER"] = 3500, ["PHI"] = 2700, ["PHL"] = 3700, ["PH_census"] = 2000, ["PLANTS"] = 4300, ["PM20"] = 3300, ["PMID"] = 6500, ["PNsign"] = 2100, ["POL"] = 68000, ["POR"] = 5600, ["POTD/Day"] = 2900, ["POTD_archive"] = 2600, ["POTD_archive/footer"] = 2600, ["POTD_default"] = 12000, ["POTD_image"] = 3900, ["POTD_image1"] = 2600, ["POTD_image2"] = 2600, ["POTD_navigation"] = 7800, ["POTD_texttitle"] = 2600, ["POTDlink"] = 8300, ["POV"] = 3200, ["POW"] = 2500, ["PR/header"] = 3100, ["PR/heading"] = 7200, ["PRI"] = 2200, ["PRT"] = 6400, ["PR_link"] = 118000, ["PS"] = 3100, ["Pad"] = 51000, ["Paddle_Steamer"] = 3100, ["Page"] = 4400, ["Page_name_sub"] = 52000, ["Page_needed"] = 23000, ["Page_tabs"] = 4100, ["Page_tabs/styles.css"] = 4100, ["Pagelinks"] = 75000, ["Pagelist"] = 15000, ["Pagetype"] = 11300000, ["Paid"] = 17000, ["Pakistani_English"] = 4000, ["Para"] = 2900000, ["Parabr"] = 3800, ["Paragraph_break"] = 2160000, ["Param_value"] = 152000, ["Param_value/styles.css"] = 152000, ["Parameter"] = 3050000, ["Parameter_names_example"] = 2700, ["ParmPart"] = 15000, ["Partial"] = 5700, ["Partial_minor_planet_designation"] = 5700, ["Partly_done"] = 4300, ["Party_color"] = 82000, ["Party_color_cell"] = 6600, ["Party_index_link"] = 3300, ["Party_name_with_color"] = 7300, ["Party_name_with_colour"] = 4200, ["Party_shading/Democratic"] = 19000, ["Party_shading/Independent"] = 3400, ["Party_shading/Republican"] = 18000, ["Party_stripe"] = 17000, ["Pass"] = 3300, ["Pb"] = 2120000, ["Pd-notice"] = 2200, ["Pedigree"] = 4400, ["Peer_review/heading"] = 10000, ["Peer_review_links"] = 3200, ["Peer_review_tools"] = 9600, ["Penalty_shoot-out"] = 6000, ["Pending"] = 6500, ["Pending_DYK_American_hooks"] = 5200, ["Pending_DYK_biographies"] = 11000, ["Pending_film"] = 2800, ["Pending_films_key"] = 2600, ["Pengoal"] = 12000, ["Penmiss"] = 15000, ["Percentage"] = 18000, ["Performance_key"] = 2800, ["Performance_key/styles.css"] = 2800, ["Period_color"] = 28000, ["Period_end"] = 26000, ["Period_id"] = 29000, ["Period_start"] = 29000, ["Personal_attack_removed"] = 2100, ["PeruTasks"] = 19000, ["Phab"] = 8100, ["Phabricator"] = 8300, ["Phanerozoic_250px"] = 25000, ["PharmNavFootnote"] = 5600, ["Philippine_census_reference"] = 2000, ["Philippine_name"] = 4300, ["Photo"] = 2200, ["Photo_montage"] = 4900, ["Photo_requested"] = 108000, ["Photograph_requested"] = 4600, ["Photomontage"] = 4400, ["Photoreq"] = 2900, ["Picture_of_the_day"] = 8300, ["Pie_chart"] = 8400, ["Pie_chart/styles.css"] = 8400, ["Ping"] = 285000, ["Pipe"] = 97000, ["Place_name_disambiguation"] = 40000, ["Plain_link"] = 119000, ["Plain_list"] = 16000, ["Plain_text"] = 109000, ["Plainlink"] = 30000, ["Plainlist"] = 391000, ["Plainlist/styles.css"] = 3120000, ["Player"] = 3900, ["Player2"] = 2900, ["Please_check_ISSN"] = 16000, ["Plural"] = 107000, ["Pluralize_from_text"] = 2830000, ["Pn"] = 2800, ["Poem_quote"] = 3900, ["Poemquote"] = 2700, ["Politician_icon"] = 34000, ["Politician_icon2"] = 34000, ["Politics_sidebar_below"] = 19000, ["Politics_sidebar_title"] = 19000, ["Polluted_category"] = 2500, ["Polparty"] = 31000, ["Pop_density"] = 10000, ["Population_Germany"] = 14000, ["Portal"] = 10800000, ["Portal-Class"] = 8100, ["Portal-inline"] = 246000, ["Portal_and_project"] = 261000, ["Portal_bar"] = 186000, ["Portal_box"] = 2100, ["Portalbar"] = 9900, ["Portuguese_name"] = 10000, ["Possible"] = 4000, ["Possibly_empty_category"] = 70000, ["Post-nominals"] = 63000, ["Post-nominals/AUS"] = 8500, ["Post-nominals/CAN"] = 10000, ["Post-nominals/GBR"] = 33000, ["Post-nominals/NZL"] = 4500, ["Postnominals"] = 11000, ["Pp"] = 8800, ["Pp-book-cover"] = 52000, ["Pp-extended"] = 11000, ["Pp-move"] = 12000, ["Pp-pc"] = 4400, ["Pp-protected"] = 13000, ["Pp-semi"] = 6800, ["Pp-semi-indef"] = 4800, ["Pp-template"] = 4400, ["Pp-vandalism"] = 2800, ["Precision"] = 6000, ["Preferences"] = 18000, ["Preferences/section"] = 3200, ["PresFoot"] = 3300, ["PresHead"] = 3900, ["PresRow"] = 3900, ["Press"] = 5800, ["Preview_warning"] = 597000, ["Primary_source_inline"] = 8200, ["Primary_sources"] = 33000, ["Principal_rank"] = 654000, ["Prisoner_of_war"] = 2600, ["Prl"] = 118000, ["ProCyclingStats"] = 2400, ["ProQuest"] = 36000, ["Professional_wrestling_profiles"] = 3200, ["Professional_wrestling_results_table"] = 3200, ["Profit"] = 3600, ["Progress_box"] = 19000, ["Project-Class"] = 13000, ["Project_other"] = 18000, ["Promotional"] = 18000, ["Proper_name"] = 2800, ["Prose"] = 3300, ["Protected_page_maintenance_message"] = 42000, ["Protection_padlock"] = 25000, ["Proxy_block"] = 2200, ["Pso"] = 5000, ["Purge"] = 569000, ["Purge_button"] = 19000, ["Purge_button/styles.css"] = 19000, ["Module:POTD_titletext"] = 2500, ["Module:Page"] = 122000, ["Module:PageLinks"] = 75000, ["Module:Page_tabs"] = 4100, ["Module:Pagelist"] = 15000, ["Module:Pagetype"] = 19100000, ["Module:Pagetype/config"] = 19100000, ["Module:Pagetype/disambiguation"] = 13300000, ["Module:Pagetype/rfd"] = 17200000, ["Module:Pagetype/setindex"] = 13600000, ["Module:Pagetype/softredirect"] = 17800000, ["Module:ParameterCount"] = 1700000, ["Module:Parameter_names_example"] = 2700, ["Module:Parameter_validation"] = 165000, ["Module:Parameter_validation/default_config"] = 165000, ["Module:Party_name_with_color"] = 13000, ["Module:Percentage"] = 18000, ["Module:Person_date"] = 1780000, ["Module:Person_height"] = 283000, ["Module:Person_length"] = 7700, ["Module:Person_weight"] = 85000, ["Module:Phone_size"] = 2100, ["Module:Photo_montage"] = 4900, ["Module:Piechart"] = 8400, ["Module:Piechart/cuts.json"] = 8400, ["Module:Plain_text"] = 1880000, ["Module:Pn"] = 4800, ["Module:Political_party"] = 150000, ["Module:Political_party/A"] = 27000, ["Module:Political_party/B"] = 20000, ["Module:Political_party/C"] = 49000, ["Module:Political_party/D"] = 58000, ["Module:Political_party/E"] = 7000, ["Module:Political_party/F"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/G"] = 22000, ["Module:Political_party/H"] = 7500, ["Module:Political_party/I"] = 62000, ["Module:Political_party/J"] = 10000, ["Module:Political_party/K"] = 6200, ["Module:Political_party/L"] = 47000, ["Module:Political_party/M"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/N"] = 39000, ["Module:Political_party/O"] = 7100, ["Module:Political_party/P"] = 34000, ["Module:Political_party/R"] = 58000, ["Module:Political_party/S"] = 37000, ["Module:Political_party/T"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/U"] = 22000, ["Module:Political_party/V"] = 7900, ["Module:Political_party/W"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/Y"] = 2400, ["Module:Pop_density"] = 10000, ["Module:PopulationFromWikidata"] = 15000, ["Module:Portal"] = 11300000, ["Module:Portal-inline"] = 251000, ["Module:Portal/images/a"] = 2050000, ["Module:Portal/images/aliases"] = 360000, ["Module:Portal/images/b"] = 3560000, ["Module:Portal/images/c"] = 2270000, ["Module:Portal/images/d"] = 120000, ["Module:Portal/images/e"] = 595000, ["Module:Portal/images/f"] = 1020000, ["Module:Portal/images/g"] = 704000, ["Module:Portal/images/h"] = 547000, ["Module:Portal/images/i"] = 1300000, ["Module:Portal/images/j"] = 347000, ["Module:Portal/images/k"] = 88000, ["Module:Portal/images/l"] = 533000, ["Module:Portal/images/m"] = 772000, ["Module:Portal/images/n"] = 841000, ["Module:Portal/images/o"] = 461000, ["Module:Portal/images/other"] = 271000, ["Module:Portal/images/p"] = 980000, ["Module:Portal/images/q"] = 3300, ["Module:Portal/images/r"] = 442000, ["Module:Portal/images/s"] = 2000000, ["Module:Portal/images/t"] = 862000, ["Module:Portal/images/u"] = 1400000, ["Module:Portal/images/v"] = 346000, ["Module:Portal/images/w"] = 214000, ["Module:Portal/images/y"] = 39000, ["Module:Portal/images/z"] = 6500, ["Module:Portal/styles.css"] = 10800000, ["Module:Portal_bar"] = 206000, ["Module:Portal_bar/styles.css"] = 206000, ["Module:PrevalenceData"] = 8300, ["Module:Professional_wrestling_profiles"] = 3200, ["Module:Professional_wrestling_results_table"] = 3200, ["Module:Progress_box"] = 19000, ["Module:Progress_box/config"] = 19000, ["Module:Progress_box/styles.css"] = 19000, ["Module:Protect"] = 126000, ["Module:Protected_edit_request"] = 60000, ["Module:Protection_banner"] = 74000, ["Module:Protection_banner/config"] = 74000, ["Module:Purge"] = 591000, } q1zor3u00nhj1ffyibaz0k0wi1mig75 121072 121071 2026-09-04T22:06:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/P]] 121071 Scribunto text/plain return { ["P"] = 6400, ["P-1"] = 4800, ["P-phrases"] = 4200, ["P."] = 4000, ["P1"] = 233000, ["P2"] = 514000, ["PAGENAMEBASE"] = 1900000, ["PAGENAMEU"] = 55000, ["PAK"] = 3400, ["PD-US"] = 8600, ["PD-US-1923-abroad"] = 5400, ["PD-US-expired"] = 5000, ["PD-US-expired-abroad"] = 8700, ["PD-US-no_notice"] = 2300, ["PD-art"] = 3200, ["PD-ineligible-USonly"] = 7700, ["PD-notice"] = 26000, ["PD-old-100"] = 3200, ["PD-self"] = 31000, ["PD-textlogo"] = 6200, ["PDB_Gallery"] = 2900, ["PDanube"] = 3300, ["PER"] = 3500, ["PHI"] = 2700, ["PHL"] = 3700, ["PH_census"] = 2000, ["PLANTS"] = 4300, ["PM20"] = 3300, ["PMID"] = 6500, ["PNsign"] = 2100, ["POL"] = 68000, ["POR"] = 5600, ["POTD/Day"] = 2900, ["POTD_archive"] = 2600, ["POTD_archive/footer"] = 2600, ["POTD_default"] = 12000, ["POTD_image"] = 3900, ["POTD_image1"] = 2600, ["POTD_image2"] = 2600, ["POTD_navigation"] = 7800, ["POTD_texttitle"] = 2600, ["POTDlink"] = 8300, ["POV"] = 3200, ["POW"] = 2500, ["PR/header"] = 3100, ["PR/heading"] = 7200, ["PRI"] = 2200, ["PRT"] = 6400, ["PR_link"] = 118000, ["PS"] = 3100, ["Pad"] = 51000, ["Paddle_Steamer"] = 3100, ["Page"] = 4400, ["Page_name_sub"] = 52000, ["Page_needed"] = 23000, ["Page_tabs"] = 4100, ["Page_tabs/styles.css"] = 4100, ["Pagelinks"] = 75000, ["Pagelist"] = 15000, ["Pagetype"] = 11300000, ["Paid"] = 17000, ["Pakistani_English"] = 4000, ["Para"] = 2900000, ["Parabr"] = 3800, ["Paragraph_break"] = 2160000, ["Param_value"] = 152000, ["Param_value/styles.css"] = 152000, ["Parameter"] = 3050000, ["Parameter_names_example"] = 2700, ["ParmPart"] = 15000, ["Partial"] = 5700, ["Partial_minor_planet_designation"] = 5700, ["Partly_done"] = 4300, ["Party_color"] = 82000, ["Party_color_cell"] = 6600, ["Party_index_link"] = 3300, ["Party_name_with_color"] = 7300, ["Party_name_with_colour"] = 4200, ["Party_shading/Democratic"] = 19000, ["Party_shading/Independent"] = 3400, ["Party_shading/Republican"] = 18000, ["Party_stripe"] = 17000, ["Pass"] = 3300, ["Pb"] = 2120000, ["Pd-notice"] = 2200, ["Pedigree"] = 4400, ["Peer_review/heading"] = 10000, ["Peer_review_links"] = 3200, ["Peer_review_tools"] = 9600, ["Penalty_shoot-out"] = 6000, ["Pending"] = 6500, ["Pending_DYK_American_hooks"] = 5200, ["Pending_DYK_biographies"] = 11000, ["Pending_film"] = 2800, ["Pending_films_key"] = 2600, ["Pengoal"] = 12000, ["Penmiss"] = 15000, ["Percentage"] = 18000, ["Performance_key"] = 2800, ["Performance_key/styles.css"] = 2800, ["Period_color"] = 28000, ["Period_end"] = 26000, ["Period_id"] = 29000, ["Period_start"] = 29000, ["Personal_attack_removed"] = 2100, ["PeruTasks"] = 19000, ["Phab"] = 8100, ["Phabricator"] = 8300, ["Phanerozoic_250px"] = 25000, ["PharmNavFootnote"] = 5600, ["Philippine_census_reference"] = 2000, ["Philippine_name"] = 4300, ["Photo"] = 2200, ["Photo_montage"] = 4900, ["Photo_requested"] = 108000, ["Photograph_requested"] = 4600, ["Photomontage"] = 4400, ["Photoreq"] = 2900, ["Picture_of_the_day"] = 8300, ["Pie_chart"] = 8400, ["Pie_chart/styles.css"] = 8400, ["Ping"] = 285000, ["Pipe"] = 97000, ["Place_name_disambiguation"] = 40000, ["Plain_link"] = 119000, ["Plain_list"] = 16000, ["Plain_text"] = 109000, ["Plainlink"] = 30000, ["Plainlist"] = 391000, ["Plainlist/styles.css"] = 3120000, ["Player"] = 3900, ["Player2"] = 2900, ["Please_check_ISSN"] = 16000, ["Plural"] = 107000, ["Pluralize_from_text"] = 2830000, ["Pn"] = 2800, ["Poem_quote"] = 3900, ["Poemquote"] = 2700, ["Politician_icon"] = 34000, ["Politician_icon2"] = 34000, ["Politics_sidebar_below"] = 19000, ["Politics_sidebar_title"] = 19000, ["Polluted_category"] = 2500, ["Polparty"] = 31000, ["Pop_density"] = 10000, ["Population_Germany"] = 14000, ["Portal"] = 10800000, ["Portal-Class"] = 8100, ["Portal-inline"] = 246000, ["Portal_and_project"] = 261000, ["Portal_bar"] = 186000, ["Portal_box"] = 2100, ["Portalbar"] = 9900, ["Portuguese_name"] = 10000, ["Possible"] = 4000, ["Possibly_empty_category"] = 70000, ["Post-nominals"] = 63000, ["Post-nominals/AUS"] = 8500, ["Post-nominals/CAN"] = 10000, ["Post-nominals/GBR"] = 33000, ["Post-nominals/NZL"] = 4500, ["Postnominals"] = 11000, ["Pp"] = 8800, ["Pp-book-cover"] = 52000, ["Pp-extended"] = 11000, ["Pp-move"] = 12000, ["Pp-pc"] = 4400, ["Pp-protected"] = 13000, ["Pp-semi"] = 6800, ["Pp-semi-indef"] = 4800, ["Pp-template"] = 4400, ["Pp-vandalism"] = 2800, ["Precision"] = 6000, ["Preferences"] = 18000, ["Preferences/section"] = 3200, ["PresFoot"] = 3300, ["PresHead"] = 3900, ["PresRow"] = 3900, ["Press"] = 5800, ["Preview_warning"] = 597000, ["Primary_source_inline"] = 8200, ["Primary_sources"] = 33000, ["Principal_rank"] = 654000, ["Prisoner_of_war"] = 2600, ["Prl"] = 118000, ["ProCyclingStats"] = 2400, ["ProQuest"] = 36000, ["Professional_wrestling_profiles"] = 3200, ["Professional_wrestling_results_table"] = 3200, ["Profit"] = 3600, ["Progress_box"] = 19000, ["Project-Class"] = 13000, ["Project_other"] = 18000, ["Promotional"] = 18000, ["Proper_name"] = 2800, ["Prose"] = 3300, ["Protected_page_maintenance_message"] = 42000, ["Protection_padlock"] = 25000, ["Proxy_block"] = 2200, ["Pso"] = 5000, ["Purge"] = 569000, ["Purge_button"] = 19000, ["Purge_button/styles.css"] = 19000, ["Module:POTD_titletext"] = 2500, ["Module:Page"] = 122000, ["Module:PageLinks"] = 75000, ["Module:Page_tabs"] = 4100, ["Module:Pagelist"] = 15000, ["Module:Pagetype"] = 19100000, ["Module:Pagetype/config"] = 19100000, ["Module:Pagetype/disambiguation"] = 13300000, ["Module:Pagetype/rfd"] = 17200000, ["Module:Pagetype/setindex"] = 13600000, ["Module:Pagetype/softredirect"] = 17800000, ["Module:ParameterCount"] = 1700000, ["Module:Parameter_names_example"] = 2700, ["Module:Parameter_validation"] = 165000, ["Module:Parameter_validation/default_config"] = 165000, ["Module:Party_name_with_color"] = 13000, ["Module:Percentage"] = 18000, ["Module:Person_date"] = 1780000, ["Module:Person_height"] = 283000, ["Module:Person_length"] = 7700, ["Module:Person_weight"] = 85000, ["Module:Phone_size"] = 2100, ["Module:Photo_montage"] = 4900, ["Module:Piechart"] = 8400, ["Module:Piechart/cuts.json"] = 8400, ["Module:Plain_text"] = 1880000, ["Module:Pn"] = 4800, ["Module:Political_party"] = 150000, ["Module:Political_party/A"] = 27000, ["Module:Political_party/B"] = 20000, ["Module:Political_party/C"] = 49000, ["Module:Political_party/D"] = 58000, ["Module:Political_party/E"] = 7000, ["Module:Political_party/F"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/G"] = 22000, ["Module:Political_party/H"] = 7500, ["Module:Political_party/I"] = 62000, ["Module:Political_party/J"] = 10000, ["Module:Political_party/K"] = 6200, ["Module:Political_party/L"] = 47000, ["Module:Political_party/M"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/N"] = 39000, ["Module:Political_party/O"] = 7100, ["Module:Political_party/P"] = 34000, ["Module:Political_party/R"] = 58000, ["Module:Political_party/S"] = 37000, ["Module:Political_party/T"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/U"] = 22000, ["Module:Political_party/V"] = 7900, ["Module:Political_party/W"] = 15000, ["Module:Political_party/Y"] = 2400, ["Module:Pop_density"] = 10000, ["Module:PopulationFromWikidata"] = 15000, ["Module:Portal"] = 11300000, ["Module:Portal-inline"] = 251000, ["Module:Portal/images/a"] = 2050000, ["Module:Portal/images/aliases"] = 360000, ["Module:Portal/images/b"] = 3560000, ["Module:Portal/images/c"] = 2270000, ["Module:Portal/images/d"] = 120000, ["Module:Portal/images/e"] = 595000, ["Module:Portal/images/f"] = 1020000, ["Module:Portal/images/g"] = 704000, ["Module:Portal/images/h"] = 547000, ["Module:Portal/images/i"] = 1300000, ["Module:Portal/images/j"] = 347000, ["Module:Portal/images/k"] = 88000, ["Module:Portal/images/l"] = 533000, ["Module:Portal/images/m"] = 772000, ["Module:Portal/images/n"] = 841000, ["Module:Portal/images/o"] = 461000, ["Module:Portal/images/other"] = 271000, ["Module:Portal/images/p"] = 980000, ["Module:Portal/images/q"] = 3300, ["Module:Portal/images/r"] = 442000, ["Module:Portal/images/s"] = 2000000, ["Module:Portal/images/t"] = 862000, ["Module:Portal/images/u"] = 1400000, ["Module:Portal/images/v"] = 346000, ["Module:Portal/images/w"] = 214000, ["Module:Portal/images/y"] = 39000, ["Module:Portal/images/z"] = 6500, ["Module:Portal/styles.css"] = 10800000, ["Module:Portal_bar"] = 206000, ["Module:Portal_bar/styles.css"] = 206000, ["Module:PrevalenceData"] = 8300, ["Module:Professional_wrestling_profiles"] = 3200, ["Module:Professional_wrestling_results_table"] = 3200, ["Module:Progress_box"] = 19000, ["Module:Progress_box/config"] = 19000, ["Module:Progress_box/styles.css"] = 19000, ["Module:Protect"] = 126000, ["Module:Protected_edit_request"] = 60000, ["Module:Protection_banner"] = 74000, ["Module:Protection_banner/config"] = 74000, ["Module:Purge"] = 591000, } q1zor3u00nhj1ffyibaz0k0wi1mig75 10 16017 121039 115020 2026-08-20T17:28:15Z en>Jonesey95 0 magic word has been implemented as of today 121039 wikitext text/x-wiki __NONEWSECTIONLINK__{{Mbox | name = Redirect category shell | type = move | image = none | style = margin-top: 1.1em; border: solid 1px darkblue; border-left-width: 0.5em; | textstyle = padding-top: 0.9em; padding-bottom: 0.9em; | text = '''This {{Talk other|talk page|page}} is a [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]]. <small>The following [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|categories]] are used to track and monitor this redirect:</small>'''{{#if:{{{h|}}} |{{block indent|1= ''{{{h}}}''}} }} <!-- Automatically detect protected redirects: --><includeonly>{{#switch: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:move}} |sysop|templateeditor|extendedconfirmed={{pp-move|small=yes|catonly=no}} }}{{#switch: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:edit}} |sysop |templateeditor |extendedconfirmed |autoconfirmed={{pp-protected|small=yes}}{{R protected}} | <!--Not protected, or only semi-move-protected--> }}</includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}}||<includeonly> * {{red|'''Important – Please Read! {{maroon|This template should {{em|not}} be applied without parameters by bot nor by any automated or semi-automated process. It should {{em|not}} be used without parameters {{em|unless you want to learn how to categorize redirects}}. For editors who want to learn how to categorize redirects, this template is a {{em|learning tool}}. {{em|Only}} those editors who intend to return to the redirect to learn which rcats to use should apply this template without parameters, or with an empty first parameter!}}'''}}</includeonly> * '''Manifold sort''': If help is needed to determine appropriate categories, then this redirect populates '''{{Cat|Miscellaneous redirects}}'''. Monitors of that category will check this redirect and add or remove [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|rcats]] as needed.{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{nocat|false}}}}} | false |{{{category|<includeonly>[[Category:Miscellaneous redirects]]</includeonly>}}}}} }} {{#if: {{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{{1|}}}}}{{#if: {{{1|}}}{{{2|}}}||{{#ifeq: {{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Redirect category shell||[[Category:Redirect category shell without parameters]]}}}} ''<small>When appropriate, [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|protection levels]] are automatically sensed, described and categorized.</small>'' }}<includeonly>__EXPECTSHORTPAGE__<!--To prevent pages from appearing on Special:ShortPages. See Tech News 2026-34. --></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> dt89h4apbs7l1rhl2q3letiqcxmyceg 121040 121039 2026-09-04T22:04:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Redirect_category_shell]] 121039 wikitext text/x-wiki __NONEWSECTIONLINK__{{Mbox | name = Redirect category shell | type = move | image = none | style = margin-top: 1.1em; border: solid 1px darkblue; border-left-width: 0.5em; | textstyle = padding-top: 0.9em; padding-bottom: 0.9em; | text = '''This {{Talk other|talk page|page}} is a [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]]. <small>The following [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|categories]] are used to track and monitor this redirect:</small>'''{{#if:{{{h|}}} |{{block indent|1= ''{{{h}}}''}} }} <!-- Automatically detect protected redirects: --><includeonly>{{#switch: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:move}} |sysop|templateeditor|extendedconfirmed={{pp-move|small=yes|catonly=no}} }}{{#switch: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:edit}} |sysop |templateeditor |extendedconfirmed |autoconfirmed={{pp-protected|small=yes}}{{R protected}} | <!--Not protected, or only semi-move-protected--> }}</includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}}||<includeonly> * {{red|'''Important – Please Read! {{maroon|This template should {{em|not}} be applied without parameters by bot nor by any automated or semi-automated process. It should {{em|not}} be used without parameters {{em|unless you want to learn how to categorize redirects}}. For editors who want to learn how to categorize redirects, this template is a {{em|learning tool}}. {{em|Only}} those editors who intend to return to the redirect to learn which rcats to use should apply this template without parameters, or with an empty first parameter!}}'''}}</includeonly> * '''Manifold sort''': If help is needed to determine appropriate categories, then this redirect populates '''{{Cat|Miscellaneous redirects}}'''. Monitors of that category will check this redirect and add or remove [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|rcats]] as needed.{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{nocat|false}}}}} | false |{{{category|<includeonly>[[Category:Miscellaneous redirects]]</includeonly>}}}}} }} {{#if: {{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{{1|}}}}}{{#if: {{{1|}}}{{{2|}}}||{{#ifeq: {{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Redirect category shell||[[Category:Redirect category shell without parameters]]}}}} ''<small>When appropriate, [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|protection levels]] are automatically sensed, described and categorized.</small>'' }}<includeonly>__EXPECTSHORTPAGE__<!--To prevent pages from appearing on Special:ShortPages. See Tech News 2026-34. --></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> dt89h4apbs7l1rhl2q3letiqcxmyceg 10 16018 121043 116864 2026-08-30T17:51:50Z en>Asukite 0 fix double redirect [[:w:en:User:Ponor/wAwB| #wAwB]] 121043 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Protected page]] {{Rcat shell| {{R from move}} {{R from long name}} {{R with history}} }} [[Category:Top icon protection templates]] cy4yz1pd5arj2tscxl7d6nbpj62yhtj 121044 121043 2026-09-04T22:04:43Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pp-protected]] 121043 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Protected page]] {{Rcat shell| {{R from move}} {{R from long name}} {{R with history}} }} [[Category:Top icon protection templates]] cy4yz1pd5arj2tscxl7d6nbpj62yhtj 828 16076 120987 116699 2026-08-30T17:20:50Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Module:Protection banner]] to [[Module:Protected page]]: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 120987 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page]] szdce6cijto5md3vglrgsqmjww4leo2 120988 120987 2026-09-04T22:04:30Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protection_banner]] 120987 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page]] szdce6cijto5md3vglrgsqmjww4leo2 828 16077 121065 116701 2026-08-30T17:20:50Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Module:Protection banner/config]] to [[Module:Protected page/config]]: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 121065 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page/config]] 9sgamab0yv8m46yxkwzud1pycb9kki4 121066 121065 2026-09-04T22:06:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protection_banner/config]] 121065 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page/config]] 9sgamab0yv8m46yxkwzud1pycb9kki4 10 16079 121067 116943 2026-08-30T17:52:03Z en>Asukite 0 fix double redirect [[:w:en:User:Ponor/wAwB| #wAwB]] 121067 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Protected page]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} isvqshsbl6kwg3hu0omhis38t2yg816 121068 121067 2026-09-04T22:06:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pp]] 121067 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Protected page]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} isvqshsbl6kwg3hu0omhis38t2yg816 10 16083 121213 81615 2025-04-02T14:19:52Z en>Ivanvector 0 [[WP:GLOBALIZE]]: allow usage of a neutral "mdy" switch for month-day-year format, for countries which are not the USA 121213 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--{{As of}} begin--><includeonly><!-- ## param 1 is the year ## optional param 2 is the month ## optional param 3 is the day of the month ## optional named parameter alt=[text] is alternative display text (may include wiki markup) ## optional named parameter df=mdy or df=US produces month-day-year format in displayed text ## optional named parameter lc=on gives lower-case-first output ## optional named parameter url=[URL] gives statement reference ## displayed text ([A/a]s of [Start date] by default) -->{{#if: {{{alt|}}} | {{{alt}}} | {{#if:{{{bare|}}}||{{#if:{{yesno|{{{since|}}}}}|{{#if: {{yesno|{{{lc|}}}}} | s | S }}ince | {{#if: {{yesno|{{{lc|}}}}} | a | A }}s of}}}} {{#if:{{{pre|}}}|{{{pre}}}&#32;}}{{#if: {{{3|}}} | {{#switch:{{lc:{{{df|}}}}}|us|mdy={{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}&nbsp;{{#expr:{{{3}}}}},&#32;|{{#expr:{{{3}}}}}&nbsp;{{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}&nbsp;}}{{{1}}}|{{#if: {{{2|}}} |{{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}&nbsp;}}{{{1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{post|}}}|<nowiki />{{{post}}}}}<!-- #### That nowiki is required or, various characters (:, ;, #, and *} will be parsed as wikisyntax for list items. ## ref/update inline banner (hidden by default) --><sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag {{#if:{{{url|}}}|ref|update}}" style="display:none;">[{{#if:{{{url|}}}|{{{url}}} &#91;ref&#93;|{{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} &#91;update&#93;}}]</sup><!-- ## categorisation disabled outside main namespace -->{{Dated maintenance category (articles)|Articles containing potentially dated statements|from|<!-- ## temporal category for template (word method) -->{{#if: {{#ifexpr: {{{1}}} = 1 }} |{{#ifexpr:{{#time:U|{{{1}}}}} > {{#time:U}} | the future | {{#ifexpr: {{#time:Y|{{{1}}}}} > 2004 | {{{1}}} | {{#ifexpr: {{#time:Y|{{{1}}}}} > 1989 | {{#time:Y|{{{1}}}}} | before 1990 }}}}}} |<!-- ## temporal category for template (parameter method) -->{{#ifexpr: {{{1}}} > 2004 | {{#ifexpr:{{#time:U|{{#if:{{{2|}}} | {{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}}} {{{1}}}}} > {{#time:U}} | the future| {{#if:{{{2|}}} | {{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}} }} {{{1}}}}} | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} > 1989 | {{{1}}} | before 1990 }}}}}}|<!-- ## global category for template -->All articles containing potentially dated statements}}</includeonly><!--{{As of}} end--><noinclude><!-- ## dynamic example (as of today, self ref) -->{{As of|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|{{CURRENTMONTH}}|{{CURRENTDAY}}}}<sup class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:As_of &#91;ref&#93;]</sup> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> </noinclude>{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using as of template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:As of]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | 3 | alt | bare | df | lc | post | pre | since | url }} bq5bdna8yn906uggp4lk061xrls2ey6 121214 121213 2026-09-04T22:14:18Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:As_of]] 121213 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--{{As of}} begin--><includeonly><!-- ## param 1 is the year ## optional param 2 is the month ## optional param 3 is the day of the month ## optional named parameter alt=[text] is alternative display text (may include wiki markup) ## optional named parameter df=mdy or df=US produces month-day-year format in displayed text ## optional named parameter lc=on gives lower-case-first output ## optional named parameter url=[URL] gives statement reference ## displayed text ([A/a]s of [Start date] by default) -->{{#if: {{{alt|}}} | {{{alt}}} | {{#if:{{{bare|}}}||{{#if:{{yesno|{{{since|}}}}}|{{#if: {{yesno|{{{lc|}}}}} | s | S }}ince | {{#if: {{yesno|{{{lc|}}}}} | a | A }}s of}}}} {{#if:{{{pre|}}}|{{{pre}}}&#32;}}{{#if: {{{3|}}} | {{#switch:{{lc:{{{df|}}}}}|us|mdy={{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}&nbsp;{{#expr:{{{3}}}}},&#32;|{{#expr:{{{3}}}}}&nbsp;{{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}&nbsp;}}{{{1}}}|{{#if: {{{2|}}} |{{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}&nbsp;}}{{{1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{post|}}}|<nowiki />{{{post}}}}}<!-- #### That nowiki is required or, various characters (:, ;, #, and *} will be parsed as wikisyntax for list items. ## ref/update inline banner (hidden by default) --><sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag {{#if:{{{url|}}}|ref|update}}" style="display:none;">[{{#if:{{{url|}}}|{{{url}}} &#91;ref&#93;|{{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} &#91;update&#93;}}]</sup><!-- ## categorisation disabled outside main namespace -->{{Dated maintenance category (articles)|Articles containing potentially dated statements|from|<!-- ## temporal category for template (word method) -->{{#if: {{#ifexpr: {{{1}}} = 1 }} |{{#ifexpr:{{#time:U|{{{1}}}}} > {{#time:U}} | the future | {{#ifexpr: {{#time:Y|{{{1}}}}} > 2004 | {{{1}}} | {{#ifexpr: {{#time:Y|{{{1}}}}} > 1989 | {{#time:Y|{{{1}}}}} | before 1990 }}}}}} |<!-- ## temporal category for template (parameter method) -->{{#ifexpr: {{{1}}} > 2004 | {{#ifexpr:{{#time:U|{{#if:{{{2|}}} | {{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}}} {{{1}}}}} > {{#time:U}} | the future| {{#if:{{{2|}}} | {{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}} }} {{{1}}}}} | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} > 1989 | {{{1}}} | before 1990 }}}}}}|<!-- ## global category for template -->All articles containing potentially dated statements}}</includeonly><!--{{As of}} end--><noinclude><!-- ## dynamic example (as of today, self ref) -->{{As of|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|{{CURRENTMONTH}}|{{CURRENTDAY}}}}<sup class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:As_of &#91;ref&#93;]</sup> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> </noinclude>{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using as of template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:As of]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | 3 | alt | bare | df | lc | post | pre | since | url }} bq5bdna8yn906uggp4lk061xrls2ey6 10 16552 121171 114681 2026-08-30T15:44:12Z en>Ravenpuff 0 enable display of a custom template name using {{{actualtemplate}}} 121171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke: Unsubst||$B= {{Always substitute|yesnomaybe=never|nocat={{{nocat|}}}|actualtemplate={{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tl|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default=<includeonly>{{PAGENAME}}</includeonly><noinclude>Example</noinclude>}}}}|{{Tlu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 63esbwky68ghzrbwjej508dk81e8vij 121172 121171 2026-09-04T22:10:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Never_substitute]] 121171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke: Unsubst||$B= {{Always substitute|yesnomaybe=never|nocat={{{nocat|}}}|actualtemplate={{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tl|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default=<includeonly>{{PAGENAME}}</includeonly><noinclude>Example</noinclude>}}}}|{{Tlu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 63esbwky68ghzrbwjej508dk81e8vij 10 16571 120999 117261 2026-08-15T14:49:09Z en>Paine Ellsworth 0 per edit request on talk page - include light brown 120999 wikitext text/x-wiki [[{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#switch:{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}lc:{{{color|{{{colour|}}}}}} }} |red |rd |r =File:X mark.svg |darkred |dkred |drd |dr =File:Dark red x.svg |orange |or |o =File:Orange x.svg |yellow |yel |y =File:Dark yellow x.svg |lightbrown |lbr |lb =File:Light brown x.svg |black |blk |k =File:Black x.svg |grey |gray |gry |gy =File:SemiTransBlack x.svg <!--default--> |File:X mark.svg }}|{{Str number/trim|{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|20}}}}px|link=|alt=X mark]]<span style="display:none">N</span><!--template:Xmark--><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> qf2x6lw33ss2o1dll4p07cpm84wxnk9 121000 120999 2026-09-04T22:04:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Xmark]] 120999 wikitext text/x-wiki [[{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#switch:{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}lc:{{{color|{{{colour|}}}}}} }} |red |rd |r =File:X mark.svg |darkred |dkred |drd |dr =File:Dark red x.svg |orange |or |o =File:Orange x.svg |yellow |yel |y =File:Dark yellow x.svg |lightbrown |lbr |lb =File:Light brown x.svg |black |blk |k =File:Black x.svg |grey |gray |gry |gy =File:SemiTransBlack x.svg <!--default--> |File:X mark.svg }}|{{Str number/trim|{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|20}}}}px|link=|alt=X mark]]<span style="display:none">N</span><!--template:Xmark--><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> qf2x6lw33ss2o1dll4p07cpm84wxnk9 10 16583 121217 67788 2026-01-31T21:30:57Z en>TechnoSquirrel69 0 Temporarily restoring |alt= per talk page 121217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Respond|info|{{{1|Note:}}}|alt=Information}}<!--template:A note--><noinclude> {{documentation}}</noinclude> 45dvn0d8brwiwxy39a99wcvfppfwb2m 121218 121217 2026-09-04T22:14:19Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:A_note]] 121217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Respond|info|{{{1|Note:}}}|alt=Information}}<!--template:A note--><noinclude> {{documentation}}</noinclude> 45dvn0d8brwiwxy39a99wcvfppfwb2m 10 16645 121371 62355 2024-06-29T13:49:47Z en>Hex 0 Scott moved page [[Template:Warnsign]] to [[Template:Warning sign]]: Plain English title improves searchability 121371 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Warning sign]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 5k4k1cv6zs0uut6hra4o4if2be0lril 121372 121371 2026-09-04T22:17:08Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Warnsign]] 121371 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Warning sign]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 5k4k1cv6zs0uut6hra4o4if2be0lril 828 16859 121185 105910 2026-08-30T05:08:30Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121185 Scribunto text/plain return { ["A-Class"] = 5400, ["A.k.a."] = 4400, ["A2r"] = 2000, ["ACArt"] = 3800, ["AFB_game_box_end"] = 2500, ["AFB_game_box_start"] = 2500, ["AFB_game_box_start/styles.css"] = 2500, ["AFC_comment"] = 17000, ["AFC_submission"] = 22000, ["AFC_submission_category_header"] = 4600, ["AFD_help"] = 173000, ["AFD_help/styles.css"] = 173000, ["AFI/Picture_box/show_picture"] = 4200, ["AFI_film"] = 10000, ["AFL"] = 2200, ["AFL_Car"] = 2700, ["AFL_Col"] = 2600, ["AFL_Ess"] = 2600, ["AFL_Gee"] = 2600, ["AFL_Haw"] = 2400, ["AFL_Mel"] = 2800, ["AFL_NM"] = 2300, ["AFL_Ric"] = 2500, ["AFL_StK"] = 2800, ["AFL_Tables"] = 12000, ["AFL_Year"] = 2800, ["AFL_player"] = 2100, ["AI-generated"] = 9500, ["ALG"] = 2700, ["AMARB"] = 4400, ["AM_station_data"] = 4400, ["ARBPIA"] = 3200, ["ARE"] = 2200, ["ARG"] = 7000, ["ARM"] = 2100, ["ASIN"] = 5000, ["ATP"] = 5200, ["AUD"] = 2000, ["AUS"] = 15000, ["AUT"] = 10000, ["AZE"] = 2900, ["A_note"] = 6500, ["A_or_an"] = 12000, ["Aan"] = 62000, ["Abbr"] = 992000, ["Abbreviation"] = 3000, ["Abbrlink"] = 17000, ["Abot"] = 31000, ["About"] = 170000, ["Absolute_page_title"] = 4700, ["Acad"] = 6700, ["Access_icon"] = 3300, ["According_to_whom"] = 4600, ["AchievementTable"] = 11000, ["AdSenseSummary"] = 12000, ["Added"] = 2800, ["Adjacent_communities"] = 29000, ["Adjacent_stations"] = 42000, ["Adjacent_stations/styles.css"] = 42000, ["Adjacent_stations_doc"] = 2400, ["Adjstn"] = 2500, ["Admin"] = 15000, ["Admin_help/helped"] = 2200, ["Administrator_note"] = 6900, ["Administrators'_noticeboard_archives_all"] = 2100, ["Administrators'_noticeboard_navbox_all"] = 2100, ["Adminnote"] = 3600, ["Advert"] = 8800, ["Aet"] = 7100, ["AfC_accept/C_percentage"] = 6500, ["AfC_comment"] = 25000, ["AfC_date_category"] = 269000, ["AfC_submission"] = 44000, ["AfC_submission/comments"] = 32000, ["AfC_submission/declined"] = 32000, ["AfC_submission/draft"] = 11000, ["AfC_submission/helptools"] = 43000, ["AfC_submission/styles.css"] = 44000, ["AfC_submission_category_header"] = 6800, ["AfC_submission_category_header/day"] = 6500, ["AfC_submission_category_header/td"] = 6500, ["AfC_talk/C_percentage"] = 6500, ["AfC_topic"] = 29000, ["AfD_categories_horizontal_shortnames"] = 5400, ["AfD_count_link"] = 4100, ["Afd-merged-from"] = 11000, ["Afd_bottom/old"] = 412000, ["Afd_top/old"] = 412000, ["Afd_top/old/styles.css"] = 412000, ["Africa_topic"] = 6700, ["After_extra_time"] = 7200, ["Age"] = 29000, ["Age_in_days"] = 5700, ["Age_in_years,_months,_weeks_and_days"] = 5300, ["Age_in_years,_months_and_days"] = 20000, ["Age_in_years_and_days"] = 5100, ["Age_in_years_and_days_nts"] = 4900, ["Agree"] = 2600, ["Ahnentafel"] = 7800, ["Ahnentafel/styles.css"] = 7800, ["Air_Force_Historical_Research_Agency"] = 4400, ["Air_force"] = 7500, ["Air_force/core"] = 7500, ["Aircontent"] = 9500, ["Aircraft_specs"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/convert"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/eng"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/length"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/range"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/speed"] = 12000, ["Airport-dest-list"] = 3400, ["Airport_codes"] = 13000, ["Airport_destination_list"] = 4800, ["Aka"] = 2100, ["Al"] = 82000, ["Album"] = 3600, ["Album_chart"] = 36000, ["Album_cover_fur"] = 53000, ["Album_label_category"] = 2400, ["Album_label_category/core"] = 2400, ["Album_ratings"] = 29000, ["Album_reviews"] = 2300, ["Albums_category"] = 25000, ["Albums_category/core"] = 25000, ["Albums_category/type/default"] = 25000, ["Align"] = 211000, ["Aligned_table"] = 14000, ["AllIrelandByCountyCatNav"] = 3200, ["AllMusic"] = 77000, ["All_Ireland_by_county_category_navigation"] = 3200, ["All_plot"] = 2300, ["Allcaps"] = 11000, ["Allcaps/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Allmusic"] = 11000, ["Allow_wrap"] = 6300, ["Already_done"] = 2900, ["Also"] = 2300, ["Also_known_as"] = 6700, ["Alternating_rows_table"] = 2400, ["Alternating_rows_table/styles.css"] = 2400, ["Alumni"] = 3200, ["Always_substitute"] = 9300, ["Ambox"] = 1490000, ["Ambox_globe"] = 44000, ["Ambox_globe_current_red"] = 42000, ["American_English"] = 24000, ["American_football_roster/Footer"] = 3900, ["American_football_roster/Header"] = 3900, ["American_football_roster/Player"] = 3900, ["Americanfootballbox"] = 4800, ["Anarchism_announcements"] = 4100, ["Anarchism_announcements/shell"] = 4100, ["Anbl"] = 2900, ["Anchor"] = 85000, ["Angbr"] = 2800, ["Angbr_IPA"] = 2400, ["Angle_bracket"] = 4000, ["Anglican_navbox_titlestyle"] = 14000, ["Anglicise_rank"] = 551000, ["Animal_tasks"] = 38000, ["Anime_News_Network"] = 13000, ["Anl"] = 2300, ["Annotated_biography_link"] = 2900, ["Annotated_link"] = 16000, ["Anonblock"] = 35000, ["Antonym_of_(dis)establish"] = 16000, ["Apostrophe"] = 99000, ["Apostrophe+s"] = 9400, ["Arbitration_Committee_candidate/data"] = 107000, ["Archive"] = 347000, ["Archive_bottom"] = 70000, ["Archive_box"] = 17000, ["Archive_list"] = 98000, ["Archive_top"] = 50000, ["Archive_top/styles.css"] = 50000, ["Archive_top_green"] = 16000, ["Archive_top_green/styles.css"] = 16000, ["Archive_top_red"] = 7000, ["Archive_top_red/styles.css"] = 7000, ["Archivebottom"] = 3700, ["Archivebox"] = 2200, ["Archives"] = 56000, ["Archivetop"] = 3700, ["Army"] = 18000, ["Army/core"] = 18000, ["Art_UK_bio"] = 2600, ["Art_UK_bio/plural"] = 2600, ["Article"] = 3000, ["ArticleHistory"] = 27000, ["Article_for_improvement_banner/Picture_box"] = 4600, ["Article_for_improvement_banner/Picture_box/show_picture"] = 4200, ["Article_history"] = 53000, ["Article_links"] = 520000, ["Article_links_2"] = 82000, ["Article_or_page"] = 6600, ["Article_stub_box"] = 2370000, ["Articles_by_Importance"] = 12000, ["Articles_by_Quality"] = 37000, ["Articles_for_creation_links"] = 7000, ["As_of"] = 93000, ["As_written"] = 2600, ["Asbox"] = 2350000, ["Asia_topic"] = 11000, ["Asof"] = 6200, ["Assessed-Class"] = 18000, ["Assignment"] = 6000, ["Assignment_milestones"] = 5300, ["Association_of_Tennis_Professionals"] = 5200, ["AstDys"] = 2800, ["Asterisk"] = 3700, ["Astro_list_redirect_comment"] = 2000, ["AthAbbr"] = 7700, ["Atnhead"] = 6000, ["Atop"] = 7400, ["Atopg"] = 15000, ["Atopr"] = 6600, ["Attached_KML"] = 14000, ["Au"] = 6300, ["AuEduNewbie"] = 2700, ["Audio"] = 42000, ["Audio_sample"] = 3100, ["AustralianFootball"] = 9000, ["Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography"] = 2300, ["Australian_English"] = 3900, ["Australian_Football_League_team"] = 2200, ["Australian_dollar"] = 2300, ["Australian_party_style"] = 6700, ["Australian_politics/name"] = 4700, ["Australian_politics/party_colours"] = 6900, ["Austria_metadata_Wikidata"] = 2100, ["Austria_population_Wikidata"] = 2100, ["Aut"] = 7700, ["Authority_control"] = 2300000, ["Authority_control_(arts)"] = 16000, ["Auto_link"] = 74000, ["Autobiography"] = 2100, ["Autolink"] = 41000, ["Automated_tools"] = 84000, ["Automated_tools/core"] = 84000, ["Automatic_archive_navigator"] = 42000, ["Automatic_archives_blurb"] = 20000, ["Automatic_category_TOC"] = 862000, ["Automatic_category_TOC/core"] = 861000, ["Automatic_taxobox"] = 105000, ["Automatically_generated"] = 2000, ["Aviation_accidents_and_incidents"] = 2800, ["Avoid_wrap"] = 6300, ["Awaiting_admin"] = 3100, ["Awaitingadmin"] = 3000, ["Award2"] = 2600, ["Awards"] = 2600, ["Awards_table"] = 6200, ["Awards_table/styles.css"] = 6200, ["Ayd"] = 4700, ["Aye"] = 14000, ["Module:A_or_an"] = 12000, ["Module:A_or_an/words"] = 12000, ["Module:About"] = 171000, ["Module:Adjacent_stations"] = 80000, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/Amtrak"] = 2900, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/Deutsche_Bahn"] = 2100, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/Indian_Railways"] = 3800, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/JR_East"] = 2600, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/i18n"] = 80000, ["Module:Administrators'_noticeboard_archives"] = 2200, ["Module:Administrators'_noticeboard_archives/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Module:AfC_submission_catcheck"] = 292000, ["Module:AfC_topic"] = 29000, ["Module:Age"] = 1420000, ["Module:Ahnentafel"] = 7800, ["Module:Airport_destination_list"] = 4800, ["Module:Aligned_dates_list"] = 2800, ["Module:Aligned_table"] = 14000, ["Module:All_Ireland_by_county_category_navigation"] = 3400, ["Module:Anchor"] = 85000, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_era"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_era/data"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_kings"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_kings/data"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Olympiads"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Olympiads/data"] = 2700, ["Module:Annotated_link"] = 19000, ["Module:Archive"] = 347000, ["Module:Archive/config"] = 347000, ["Module:Archive_list"] = 100000, ["Module:Archives/bots"] = 36000, ["Module:Arguments"] = 37600000, ["Module:Armenian"] = 2700, ["Module:Arrowverse_redirect_category_handler"] = 2100, ["Module:Article_history"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_history/Category"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_history/config"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_history/styles.css"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_stub_box"] = 2370000, ["Module:Article_stub_box/styles.css"] = 2370000, ["Module:Articles_by_class"] = 49000, ["Module:Asbox_stubtree"] = 42000, ["Module:Attached_KML"] = 14000, ["Module:Attached_KML/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Module:Australian_place_map"] = 16000, ["Module:Authority_control"] = 2310000, ["Module:Authority_control/auxiliary"] = 717000, ["Module:Authority_control/config"] = 2310000, ["Module:Auto_date_formatter"] = 16000, ["Module:Automated_taxobox"] = 501000, ["Module:Autotaxobox"] = 654000, } dd8jy1690pqowxyuqqqdy1gdls0himg 121186 121185 2026-09-04T22:11:57Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/A]] 121185 Scribunto text/plain return { ["A-Class"] = 5400, ["A.k.a."] = 4400, ["A2r"] = 2000, ["ACArt"] = 3800, ["AFB_game_box_end"] = 2500, ["AFB_game_box_start"] = 2500, ["AFB_game_box_start/styles.css"] = 2500, ["AFC_comment"] = 17000, ["AFC_submission"] = 22000, ["AFC_submission_category_header"] = 4600, ["AFD_help"] = 173000, ["AFD_help/styles.css"] = 173000, ["AFI/Picture_box/show_picture"] = 4200, ["AFI_film"] = 10000, ["AFL"] = 2200, ["AFL_Car"] = 2700, ["AFL_Col"] = 2600, ["AFL_Ess"] = 2600, ["AFL_Gee"] = 2600, ["AFL_Haw"] = 2400, ["AFL_Mel"] = 2800, ["AFL_NM"] = 2300, ["AFL_Ric"] = 2500, ["AFL_StK"] = 2800, ["AFL_Tables"] = 12000, ["AFL_Year"] = 2800, ["AFL_player"] = 2100, ["AI-generated"] = 9500, ["ALG"] = 2700, ["AMARB"] = 4400, ["AM_station_data"] = 4400, ["ARBPIA"] = 3200, ["ARE"] = 2200, ["ARG"] = 7000, ["ARM"] = 2100, ["ASIN"] = 5000, ["ATP"] = 5200, ["AUD"] = 2000, ["AUS"] = 15000, ["AUT"] = 10000, ["AZE"] = 2900, ["A_note"] = 6500, ["A_or_an"] = 12000, ["Aan"] = 62000, ["Abbr"] = 992000, ["Abbreviation"] = 3000, ["Abbrlink"] = 17000, ["Abot"] = 31000, ["About"] = 170000, ["Absolute_page_title"] = 4700, ["Acad"] = 6700, ["Access_icon"] = 3300, ["According_to_whom"] = 4600, ["AchievementTable"] = 11000, ["AdSenseSummary"] = 12000, ["Added"] = 2800, ["Adjacent_communities"] = 29000, ["Adjacent_stations"] = 42000, ["Adjacent_stations/styles.css"] = 42000, ["Adjacent_stations_doc"] = 2400, ["Adjstn"] = 2500, ["Admin"] = 15000, ["Admin_help/helped"] = 2200, ["Administrator_note"] = 6900, ["Administrators'_noticeboard_archives_all"] = 2100, ["Administrators'_noticeboard_navbox_all"] = 2100, ["Adminnote"] = 3600, ["Advert"] = 8800, ["Aet"] = 7100, ["AfC_accept/C_percentage"] = 6500, ["AfC_comment"] = 25000, ["AfC_date_category"] = 269000, ["AfC_submission"] = 44000, ["AfC_submission/comments"] = 32000, ["AfC_submission/declined"] = 32000, ["AfC_submission/draft"] = 11000, ["AfC_submission/helptools"] = 43000, ["AfC_submission/styles.css"] = 44000, ["AfC_submission_category_header"] = 6800, ["AfC_submission_category_header/day"] = 6500, ["AfC_submission_category_header/td"] = 6500, ["AfC_talk/C_percentage"] = 6500, ["AfC_topic"] = 29000, ["AfD_categories_horizontal_shortnames"] = 5400, ["AfD_count_link"] = 4100, ["Afd-merged-from"] = 11000, ["Afd_bottom/old"] = 412000, ["Afd_top/old"] = 412000, ["Afd_top/old/styles.css"] = 412000, ["Africa_topic"] = 6700, ["After_extra_time"] = 7200, ["Age"] = 29000, ["Age_in_days"] = 5700, ["Age_in_years,_months,_weeks_and_days"] = 5300, ["Age_in_years,_months_and_days"] = 20000, ["Age_in_years_and_days"] = 5100, ["Age_in_years_and_days_nts"] = 4900, ["Agree"] = 2600, ["Ahnentafel"] = 7800, ["Ahnentafel/styles.css"] = 7800, ["Air_Force_Historical_Research_Agency"] = 4400, ["Air_force"] = 7500, ["Air_force/core"] = 7500, ["Aircontent"] = 9500, ["Aircraft_specs"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/convert"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/eng"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/length"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/range"] = 12000, ["Aircraft_specs/speed"] = 12000, ["Airport-dest-list"] = 3400, ["Airport_codes"] = 13000, ["Airport_destination_list"] = 4800, ["Aka"] = 2100, ["Al"] = 82000, ["Album"] = 3600, ["Album_chart"] = 36000, ["Album_cover_fur"] = 53000, ["Album_label_category"] = 2400, ["Album_label_category/core"] = 2400, ["Album_ratings"] = 29000, ["Album_reviews"] = 2300, ["Albums_category"] = 25000, ["Albums_category/core"] = 25000, ["Albums_category/type/default"] = 25000, ["Align"] = 211000, ["Aligned_table"] = 14000, ["AllIrelandByCountyCatNav"] = 3200, ["AllMusic"] = 77000, ["All_Ireland_by_county_category_navigation"] = 3200, ["All_plot"] = 2300, ["Allcaps"] = 11000, ["Allcaps/styles.css"] = 11000, ["Allmusic"] = 11000, ["Allow_wrap"] = 6300, ["Already_done"] = 2900, ["Also"] = 2300, ["Also_known_as"] = 6700, ["Alternating_rows_table"] = 2400, ["Alternating_rows_table/styles.css"] = 2400, ["Alumni"] = 3200, ["Always_substitute"] = 9300, ["Ambox"] = 1490000, ["Ambox_globe"] = 44000, ["Ambox_globe_current_red"] = 42000, ["American_English"] = 24000, ["American_football_roster/Footer"] = 3900, ["American_football_roster/Header"] = 3900, ["American_football_roster/Player"] = 3900, ["Americanfootballbox"] = 4800, ["Anarchism_announcements"] = 4100, ["Anarchism_announcements/shell"] = 4100, ["Anbl"] = 2900, ["Anchor"] = 85000, ["Angbr"] = 2800, ["Angbr_IPA"] = 2400, ["Angle_bracket"] = 4000, ["Anglican_navbox_titlestyle"] = 14000, ["Anglicise_rank"] = 551000, ["Animal_tasks"] = 38000, ["Anime_News_Network"] = 13000, ["Anl"] = 2300, ["Annotated_biography_link"] = 2900, ["Annotated_link"] = 16000, ["Anonblock"] = 35000, ["Antonym_of_(dis)establish"] = 16000, ["Apostrophe"] = 99000, ["Apostrophe+s"] = 9400, ["Arbitration_Committee_candidate/data"] = 107000, ["Archive"] = 347000, ["Archive_bottom"] = 70000, ["Archive_box"] = 17000, ["Archive_list"] = 98000, ["Archive_top"] = 50000, ["Archive_top/styles.css"] = 50000, ["Archive_top_green"] = 16000, ["Archive_top_green/styles.css"] = 16000, ["Archive_top_red"] = 7000, ["Archive_top_red/styles.css"] = 7000, ["Archivebottom"] = 3700, ["Archivebox"] = 2200, ["Archives"] = 56000, ["Archivetop"] = 3700, ["Army"] = 18000, ["Army/core"] = 18000, ["Art_UK_bio"] = 2600, ["Art_UK_bio/plural"] = 2600, ["Article"] = 3000, ["ArticleHistory"] = 27000, ["Article_for_improvement_banner/Picture_box"] = 4600, ["Article_for_improvement_banner/Picture_box/show_picture"] = 4200, ["Article_history"] = 53000, ["Article_links"] = 520000, ["Article_links_2"] = 82000, ["Article_or_page"] = 6600, ["Article_stub_box"] = 2370000, ["Articles_by_Importance"] = 12000, ["Articles_by_Quality"] = 37000, ["Articles_for_creation_links"] = 7000, ["As_of"] = 93000, ["As_written"] = 2600, ["Asbox"] = 2350000, ["Asia_topic"] = 11000, ["Asof"] = 6200, ["Assessed-Class"] = 18000, ["Assignment"] = 6000, ["Assignment_milestones"] = 5300, ["Association_of_Tennis_Professionals"] = 5200, ["AstDys"] = 2800, ["Asterisk"] = 3700, ["Astro_list_redirect_comment"] = 2000, ["AthAbbr"] = 7700, ["Atnhead"] = 6000, ["Atop"] = 7400, ["Atopg"] = 15000, ["Atopr"] = 6600, ["Attached_KML"] = 14000, ["Au"] = 6300, ["AuEduNewbie"] = 2700, ["Audio"] = 42000, ["Audio_sample"] = 3100, ["AustralianFootball"] = 9000, ["Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography"] = 2300, ["Australian_English"] = 3900, ["Australian_Football_League_team"] = 2200, ["Australian_dollar"] = 2300, ["Australian_party_style"] = 6700, ["Australian_politics/name"] = 4700, ["Australian_politics/party_colours"] = 6900, ["Austria_metadata_Wikidata"] = 2100, ["Austria_population_Wikidata"] = 2100, ["Aut"] = 7700, ["Authority_control"] = 2300000, ["Authority_control_(arts)"] = 16000, ["Auto_link"] = 74000, ["Autobiography"] = 2100, ["Autolink"] = 41000, ["Automated_tools"] = 84000, ["Automated_tools/core"] = 84000, ["Automatic_archive_navigator"] = 42000, ["Automatic_archives_blurb"] = 20000, ["Automatic_category_TOC"] = 862000, ["Automatic_category_TOC/core"] = 861000, ["Automatic_taxobox"] = 105000, ["Automatically_generated"] = 2000, ["Aviation_accidents_and_incidents"] = 2800, ["Avoid_wrap"] = 6300, ["Awaiting_admin"] = 3100, ["Awaitingadmin"] = 3000, ["Award2"] = 2600, ["Awards"] = 2600, ["Awards_table"] = 6200, ["Awards_table/styles.css"] = 6200, ["Ayd"] = 4700, ["Aye"] = 14000, ["Module:A_or_an"] = 12000, ["Module:A_or_an/words"] = 12000, ["Module:About"] = 171000, ["Module:Adjacent_stations"] = 80000, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/Amtrak"] = 2900, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/Deutsche_Bahn"] = 2100, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/Indian_Railways"] = 3800, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/JR_East"] = 2600, ["Module:Adjacent_stations/i18n"] = 80000, ["Module:Administrators'_noticeboard_archives"] = 2200, ["Module:Administrators'_noticeboard_archives/styles.css"] = 2200, ["Module:AfC_submission_catcheck"] = 292000, ["Module:AfC_topic"] = 29000, ["Module:Age"] = 1420000, ["Module:Ahnentafel"] = 7800, ["Module:Airport_destination_list"] = 4800, ["Module:Aligned_dates_list"] = 2800, ["Module:Aligned_table"] = 14000, ["Module:All_Ireland_by_county_category_navigation"] = 3400, ["Module:Anchor"] = 85000, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_era"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_era/data"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_kings"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Egypt_kings/data"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Olympiads"] = 2600, ["Module:Ancient_Olympiads/data"] = 2700, ["Module:Annotated_link"] = 19000, ["Module:Archive"] = 347000, ["Module:Archive/config"] = 347000, ["Module:Archive_list"] = 100000, ["Module:Archives/bots"] = 36000, ["Module:Arguments"] = 37600000, ["Module:Armenian"] = 2700, ["Module:Arrowverse_redirect_category_handler"] = 2100, ["Module:Article_history"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_history/Category"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_history/config"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_history/styles.css"] = 53000, ["Module:Article_stub_box"] = 2370000, ["Module:Article_stub_box/styles.css"] = 2370000, ["Module:Articles_by_class"] = 49000, ["Module:Asbox_stubtree"] = 42000, ["Module:Attached_KML"] = 14000, ["Module:Attached_KML/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Module:Australian_place_map"] = 16000, ["Module:Authority_control"] = 2310000, ["Module:Authority_control/auxiliary"] = 717000, ["Module:Authority_control/config"] = 2310000, ["Module:Auto_date_formatter"] = 16000, ["Module:Automated_taxobox"] = 501000, ["Module:Autotaxobox"] = 654000, } dd8jy1690pqowxyuqqqdy1gdls0himg 10 16940 121113 107527 2025-10-17T16:04:44Z en>Jonesey95 0 comment on strange newline 121113 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" /><!-- --><blockquote class="templatequote {{{class|}}}" {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}}>{{{text|{{{content|{{{quotetext|{{{quote|{{{1|<includeonly>{{error|Error: No text given for quotation (or equals sign used in the actual argument to an unnamed parameter)}}{{main other|[[Category:Pages incorrectly using the quote template]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{lorem ipsum}}</noinclude>}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{multiline|}}}|<nowiki /><!-- See talk page in 2025 for why this newline needs to be here --> </blockquote>|</blockquote>}}{{#if:{{{sign|}}}{{{cite|}}}{{{author|}}}{{{by|}}}{{{personquoted|}}}{{{source|}}}{{{ts|}}}{{{title|}}}{{{publication|}}}{{{quotesource|}}}{{{char|}}}{{{character|}}}{{{2|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{4|}}}{{{5|}}}| <div class="templatequotecite"><p style="display: inline; padding-left: 2.3em;">—&#8202;{{#if:{{{char|{{{character|{{{5|}}}}}}}}}|{{{char|{{{character|{{{5|}}}}}}}}}, in&#32;}}{{Comma separated entries | {{if empty|{{{sign|}}}|{{{cite|}}}|{{{author|}}}|{{{by|}}}|{{{personquoted|}}}|{{{2|}}}}} | {{if empty|{{{title|}}}|{{{publication|}}}|{{{ts|}}}|{{{quotesource|}}}|{{{3|}}}}} | {{if empty|{{{source|}}}|{{{4|}}}}} }}</p></div>}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using Blockquote template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Blockquote]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | author | by | char | character | cite | class | content | multiline | personquoted | publication | quote | quotesource | quotetext | sign | source | style | text | title | ts }}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!--Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> g7n7pv15tnzl05fx3i60b1fldxyxojx 121114 121113 2026-09-04T22:09:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Blockquote]] 121113 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" /><!-- --><blockquote class="templatequote {{{class|}}}" {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}}>{{{text|{{{content|{{{quotetext|{{{quote|{{{1|<includeonly>{{error|Error: No text given for quotation (or equals sign used in the actual argument to an unnamed parameter)}}{{main other|[[Category:Pages incorrectly using the quote template]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{lorem ipsum}}</noinclude>}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{multiline|}}}|<nowiki /><!-- See talk page in 2025 for why this newline needs to be here --> </blockquote>|</blockquote>}}{{#if:{{{sign|}}}{{{cite|}}}{{{author|}}}{{{by|}}}{{{personquoted|}}}{{{source|}}}{{{ts|}}}{{{title|}}}{{{publication|}}}{{{quotesource|}}}{{{char|}}}{{{character|}}}{{{2|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{4|}}}{{{5|}}}| <div class="templatequotecite"><p style="display: inline; padding-left: 2.3em;">—&#8202;{{#if:{{{char|{{{character|{{{5|}}}}}}}}}|{{{char|{{{character|{{{5|}}}}}}}}}, in&#32;}}{{Comma separated entries | {{if empty|{{{sign|}}}|{{{cite|}}}|{{{author|}}}|{{{by|}}}|{{{personquoted|}}}|{{{2|}}}}} | {{if empty|{{{title|}}}|{{{publication|}}}|{{{ts|}}}|{{{quotesource|}}}|{{{3|}}}}} | {{if empty|{{{source|}}}|{{{4|}}}}} }}</p></div>}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using Blockquote template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Blockquote]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | author | by | char | character | cite | class | content | multiline | personquoted | publication | quote | quotesource | quotetext | sign | source | style | text | title | ts }}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!--Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> g7n7pv15tnzl05fx3i60b1fldxyxojx 10 16941 121115 41279 2024-09-06T23:38:58Z en>Izno 0 already have a lot of left whitespace on small resolutions with quotations, so make this inline below 500px. remove some unnecessary specificity 121115 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .templatequote { overflow: hidden; margin: 1em 0; padding: 0 32px; } .templatequotecite { line-height: 1.5em; /* @noflip */ text-align: left; margin-top: 0; } @media (min-width: 500px) { .templatequotecite { /* @noflip */ padding-left: 1.6em; } } 975tzgnvhd5jyqf0ucyxd4w8q6i98j0 121116 121115 2026-09-04T22:09:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Blockquote/styles.css]] 121115 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .templatequote { overflow: hidden; margin: 1em 0; padding: 0 32px; } .templatequotecite { line-height: 1.5em; /* @noflip */ text-align: left; margin-top: 0; } @media (min-width: 500px) { .templatequotecite { /* @noflip */ padding-left: 1.6em; } } 975tzgnvhd5jyqf0ucyxd4w8q6i98j0 10 16945 121135 41289 2025-07-12T16:44:11Z en>Redrose64 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1300099827|1300099827]] by [[Special:Contributions/Waddie96|Waddie96]] ([[User talk:Waddie96|talk]]) templatedata belongs on doc page 121135 wikitext text/x-wiki <code class="nowrap">{{#switch:{{{2|pair}}} |c|close = <!--nothing--> |s|single |o|open |p|pair = &lt;{{#switch:{{{1|}}} |categorytree=[[mw:Extension:CategoryTree|categorytree]] |charinsert=[[mw:Extension:CharInsert|charinsert]] |ce=[[Help:Displaying a formula#Chemistry|ce]] |chem=[[Help:Displaying a formula#Chemistry|chem]] |gallery=[[Help:Gallery tag|gallery]] |graph=[[Help:Graph|graph]] |hiero=[[mw:Extension:WikiHiero|hiero]] |includeonly=[[Help:Template#Noinclude, includeonly, and onlyinclude|includeonly]] |indicator=[[mw:Help:Page status indicators|indicator]] |imagemap=[[mw:Extension:ImageMap|imagemap]] |inputbox=[[mw:Extension:InputBox|inputbox]] |mapframe=[[mw:Extension:Kartographer|mapframe]] |maplink=[[mw:Extension:Kartographer#<maplink>|maplink]] |math=[[mw:Extension:Math|math]] |math chem=[[Help:Displaying a formula#Chemistry|math chem]] |noinclude=[[Help:Template#Noinclude, includeonly, and onlyinclude|noinclude]] |nowiki=[[Help:Wikitext#Nowiki|nowiki]] |onlyinclude=[[Help:Template#Noinclude, includeonly, and onlyinclude|onlyinclude]] |poem=[[mw:Extension:Poem|poem]] |pre=[[Help:Wikitext#Pre|pre]] |ref=[[mw:Extension:Cite/Cite.php|ref]] |references=[[mw:Extension:Cite/Cite.php|references]] |score=[[Help:Score|score]] |section=[[mw:Extension:Labeled Section Transclusion|section]] |source=[[mw:Extension:SyntaxHighlight|source]] |syntaxhighlight=[[mw:Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntaxhighlight]] |templatedata=[[Wikipedia:TemplateData/Tutorial|templatedata]] |templatestyles=[[mw:Extension:TemplateStyles|templatestyles]] |timeline=[[mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|timeline]] |#default={{{1|}}}[[Category:Pages using xtag template with unsupported tag name]] }}{{#if:{{{params|}}}|&#32;{{{params}}}}} }}{{#switch:{{{2|open}}} |c|close = {{{content|}}} |s|single = &#32;/&gt; |o|open = &gt;{{{content|}}} |p|pair = &gt;{{{content|...}}} }}{{#switch:{{{2|open}}} |s|single |o|open = <!--nothing--> |c|close |p|pair = &lt;/{{{1|tag}}}&gt; }}</code><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 2vnd41n7pfohwg71j2wi96yt6lxbcfn 121136 121135 2026-09-04T22:09:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Xtag]] 121135 wikitext text/x-wiki <code class="nowrap">{{#switch:{{{2|pair}}} |c|close = <!--nothing--> |s|single |o|open |p|pair = &lt;{{#switch:{{{1|}}} |categorytree=[[mw:Extension:CategoryTree|categorytree]] |charinsert=[[mw:Extension:CharInsert|charinsert]] |ce=[[Help:Displaying a formula#Chemistry|ce]] |chem=[[Help:Displaying a formula#Chemistry|chem]] |gallery=[[Help:Gallery tag|gallery]] |graph=[[Help:Graph|graph]] |hiero=[[mw:Extension:WikiHiero|hiero]] |includeonly=[[Help:Template#Noinclude, includeonly, and onlyinclude|includeonly]] |indicator=[[mw:Help:Page status indicators|indicator]] |imagemap=[[mw:Extension:ImageMap|imagemap]] |inputbox=[[mw:Extension:InputBox|inputbox]] |mapframe=[[mw:Extension:Kartographer|mapframe]] |maplink=[[mw:Extension:Kartographer#<maplink>|maplink]] |math=[[mw:Extension:Math|math]] |math chem=[[Help:Displaying a formula#Chemistry|math chem]] |noinclude=[[Help:Template#Noinclude, includeonly, and onlyinclude|noinclude]] |nowiki=[[Help:Wikitext#Nowiki|nowiki]] |onlyinclude=[[Help:Template#Noinclude, includeonly, and onlyinclude|onlyinclude]] |poem=[[mw:Extension:Poem|poem]] |pre=[[Help:Wikitext#Pre|pre]] |ref=[[mw:Extension:Cite/Cite.php|ref]] |references=[[mw:Extension:Cite/Cite.php|references]] |score=[[Help:Score|score]] |section=[[mw:Extension:Labeled Section Transclusion|section]] |source=[[mw:Extension:SyntaxHighlight|source]] |syntaxhighlight=[[mw:Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntaxhighlight]] |templatedata=[[Wikipedia:TemplateData/Tutorial|templatedata]] |templatestyles=[[mw:Extension:TemplateStyles|templatestyles]] |timeline=[[mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|timeline]] |#default={{{1|}}}[[Category:Pages using xtag template with unsupported tag name]] }}{{#if:{{{params|}}}|&#32;{{{params}}}}} }}{{#switch:{{{2|open}}} |c|close = {{{content|}}} |s|single = &#32;/&gt; |o|open = &gt;{{{content|}}} |p|pair = &gt;{{{content|...}}} }}{{#switch:{{{2|open}}} |s|single |o|open = <!--nothing--> |c|close |p|pair = &lt;/{{{1|tag}}}&gt; }}</code><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 2vnd41n7pfohwg71j2wi96yt6lxbcfn 10 16949 121229 41297 2026-08-22T19:46:45Z en>Axolitl 0 Update template names 121229 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{mos-recommended|}}}||</includeonly>{{warning|If this template is used in article space, it will suppress the display of decorative curly quote marks, per [[MOS:BLOCKQUOTE]].}} <includeonly>}}</includeonly> {{Template:Blockquote/SimpleMOS}}{{#switch:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}| Blockquote | Poem quote = {{Blockquote/SimpleMOS/Recommended for articles}} | Block indent | in5 = {{Blockquote/SimpleMOS/Recommended for non-articles}}|#default = }} The [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Block quotations|Manual of Style guidelines for block quotations]] recommend formatting block quotations using the {{tl|Blockquote}} template or the HTML &lt;[[blockquote]]&gt; element, for which that template provides a wrapper. * Quotes work best when used with short sentences, and at the start or end of a section, as a hint of or to help emphasize the section's content. * For typical quotes, especially those longer than the rest of the paragraph in which they are quoted, {{tl|Centered quote}} (for use outside of article space only) provides a borderless quote with decorative quotation marks, and {{tl|Quote frame}} provides a bordered quote. Both span the page width. * For very short quotes, {{tl|Reduced quote}} (with decorative quotation marks, for use outside of article space only) or {{tl|Quote box}} (framed) can be used to set the quote off to either the right or left as in a magazine [[Sidebar (publishing)|sidebar]]. This can be effective on [[WP:ESSAY|essay]] pages and [[WP:WIKIPROJECT|WikiProject]] homepages. * To quote article content in guidelines, how-tos and essays, use {{tl|Quote article content}}.<noinclude> {{Documentation|content=This is shared documentation verbiage transcluded into the /doc pages of everything in [[:Category:Enhanced quote templates]].}} [[Category:Documentation shared content templates]]</noinclude> 078jt3r8cj3si25ueh57gndj7zpljat 121230 121229 2026-09-04T22:14:24Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Blockquote/doc/boilerplate]] 121229 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{mos-recommended|}}}||</includeonly>{{warning|If this template is used in article space, it will suppress the display of decorative curly quote marks, per [[MOS:BLOCKQUOTE]].}} <includeonly>}}</includeonly> {{Template:Blockquote/SimpleMOS}}{{#switch:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}| Blockquote | Poem quote = {{Blockquote/SimpleMOS/Recommended for articles}} | Block indent | in5 = {{Blockquote/SimpleMOS/Recommended for non-articles}}|#default = }} The [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Block quotations|Manual of Style guidelines for block quotations]] recommend formatting block quotations using the {{tl|Blockquote}} template or the HTML &lt;[[blockquote]]&gt; element, for which that template provides a wrapper. * Quotes work best when used with short sentences, and at the start or end of a section, as a hint of or to help emphasize the section's content. * For typical quotes, especially those longer than the rest of the paragraph in which they are quoted, {{tl|Centered quote}} (for use outside of article space only) provides a borderless quote with decorative quotation marks, and {{tl|Quote frame}} provides a bordered quote. Both span the page width. * For very short quotes, {{tl|Reduced quote}} (with decorative quotation marks, for use outside of article space only) or {{tl|Quote box}} (framed) can be used to set the quote off to either the right or left as in a magazine [[Sidebar (publishing)|sidebar]]. This can be effective on [[WP:ESSAY|essay]] pages and [[WP:WIKIPROJECT|WikiProject]] homepages. * To quote article content in guidelines, how-tos and essays, use {{tl|Quote article content}}.<noinclude> {{Documentation|content=This is shared documentation verbiage transcluded into the /doc pages of everything in [[:Category:Enhanced quote templates]].}} [[Category:Documentation shared content templates]]</noinclude> 078jt3r8cj3si25ueh57gndj7zpljat 10 16950 121231 105702 2025-12-04T03:56:03Z en>Zackmann08 0 template being deleted 121231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Quotation templates | state = {{{state|{{{1|}}}}}} | title = {{c|Quotation templates}} | liststyle = font-size:110%; | tracking = no <!-- keep the documented templates out of the hlist tracking category --> | list1 = {{Aligned table |class=sortable |style=margin:0 auto 0.4em;line-height:1.35em;text-align:left; |colstyle=<!--vertical-align:middle;-->padding-right:1.0em; |row1style=line-height:1.6em;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; | Template&nbsp; | Use{{\}}description&nbsp; | ↓ ''Block indentation for quotations'' | ''See [[MOS:BLOCKQUOTE]]'' | {{tlb|Blockquote}} | Standard block quotation template for quotations only: unbordered page-wide quotation with optional smaller-sized attribution | {{tlb|Numbered verses}} | Quote poems showing the verse numbers | {{tlb|Poem}} | {{tl|Blockquote}} variant for use with poems, song lyrics, and other quotations that require the use of frequent formatting elements such as line breaks and indentation (such as {{code|lang=html|code=<br />}}); requires substitution | {{tlb|Poem quote}} | {{tl|Blockquote}} variant for use with poems, song lyrics, and other quotations that require the use of frequent formatting elements such as line breaks and indentation (such as {{code|lang=html|code=<br />}}); requires substitution. With optional attribution. | {{tlb|Poetically break lines}}<small> (shortcut: {{tlb|pbl}})</small> | Designed to format poetry simply and reliably; it differs from {{tl|Poem quote}} in two significant ways: it does not add spacing around the poem that sets it apart as “block quote”, and it automatically provides hanging indentation when lines are so long that they wrap | {{tlb|Translated blockquote}} | Displays original language above and translated text below | {{tlb|Text and translation}} | Displays original language and translated text, one beside the other | {{tlb|Verse translation}} | Displays ''original language verse'' (defaults to italics) and translated verse (roman) side-by-side | {{tlb|Verse transliteration-translation}} | Like {{tl|Verse translation}}, but with a transliteration separate from the original version | {{tlb|Cquote}} | "centered quote" – Page-wide quote, between large quotation marks | {{tlb|Rquote}} | "reduced quote" – Quote between large quotation marks in a reduced [[Cascading Style Sheets#Float and clear|float]]ing area | {{tlb|Quote frame}} | Page-wide bordered quote | {{tlb|Quote box}} | Quote floated in a reduced bordered box | {{tlb|Tweet}} | For quoting directly from tweets. Automatically generates {{tlx|Cite tweet}} citation, or a custom reference can be provided. | &nbsp;|&nbsp; | ↓ ''Talk page quoting'' | ''Not for use in articles'' | {{tlb|Talk quote inline}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|tq}},{{Clear}}{{tlb|tqq}}, {{tlb|tqi}}, or {{tlb|tqqi}})</small> | Inline quotation for use on talk pages | {{tlb|Not talk quote inline}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|!tq}},{{Clear}}{{tlb|!tqq}}, {{tlb|!tqi}}, or {{tlb|!tqqi}})</small> | Inline quotation for what someone ''didn't say'' but could have, or perhaps should have, said. | {{tlb|Talk quote block}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|tqb}}, {{tlb|tq2}})</small> | Block-style quotation for use on talk pages | {{tlb|Talk quote block minimalist}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|tqbm}})</small> | [[Minimalist]] version of above | &nbsp;|&nbsp; | ↓ ''Block indentations for non-quotations'' | ''See [[MOS:INDENT]]'' | {{tlb|Block indent}} | To indent an entire block of content (uses {{code|lang=html|code=<div>}} and CSS margins) | {{tlb|Divbox}} | To frame messages or the example output of an article or template }} }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 41mg77ffyjkp0rn230psl6oob4m35f5 121232 121231 2026-09-04T22:14:24Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Quotation_templates]] 121231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Quotation templates | state = {{{state|{{{1|}}}}}} | title = {{c|Quotation templates}} | liststyle = font-size:110%; | tracking = no <!-- keep the documented templates out of the hlist tracking category --> | list1 = {{Aligned table |class=sortable |style=margin:0 auto 0.4em;line-height:1.35em;text-align:left; |colstyle=<!--vertical-align:middle;-->padding-right:1.0em; |row1style=line-height:1.6em;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; | Template&nbsp; | Use{{\}}description&nbsp; | ↓ ''Block indentation for quotations'' | ''See [[MOS:BLOCKQUOTE]]'' | {{tlb|Blockquote}} | Standard block quotation template for quotations only: unbordered page-wide quotation with optional smaller-sized attribution | {{tlb|Numbered verses}} | Quote poems showing the verse numbers | {{tlb|Poem}} | {{tl|Blockquote}} variant for use with poems, song lyrics, and other quotations that require the use of frequent formatting elements such as line breaks and indentation (such as {{code|lang=html|code=<br />}}); requires substitution | {{tlb|Poem quote}} | {{tl|Blockquote}} variant for use with poems, song lyrics, and other quotations that require the use of frequent formatting elements such as line breaks and indentation (such as {{code|lang=html|code=<br />}}); requires substitution. With optional attribution. | {{tlb|Poetically break lines}}<small> (shortcut: {{tlb|pbl}})</small> | Designed to format poetry simply and reliably; it differs from {{tl|Poem quote}} in two significant ways: it does not add spacing around the poem that sets it apart as “block quote”, and it automatically provides hanging indentation when lines are so long that they wrap | {{tlb|Translated blockquote}} | Displays original language above and translated text below | {{tlb|Text and translation}} | Displays original language and translated text, one beside the other | {{tlb|Verse translation}} | Displays ''original language verse'' (defaults to italics) and translated verse (roman) side-by-side | {{tlb|Verse transliteration-translation}} | Like {{tl|Verse translation}}, but with a transliteration separate from the original version | {{tlb|Cquote}} | "centered quote" – Page-wide quote, between large quotation marks | {{tlb|Rquote}} | "reduced quote" – Quote between large quotation marks in a reduced [[Cascading Style Sheets#Float and clear|float]]ing area | {{tlb|Quote frame}} | Page-wide bordered quote | {{tlb|Quote box}} | Quote floated in a reduced bordered box | {{tlb|Tweet}} | For quoting directly from tweets. Automatically generates {{tlx|Cite tweet}} citation, or a custom reference can be provided. | &nbsp;|&nbsp; | ↓ ''Talk page quoting'' | ''Not for use in articles'' | {{tlb|Talk quote inline}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|tq}},{{Clear}}{{tlb|tqq}}, {{tlb|tqi}}, or {{tlb|tqqi}})</small> | Inline quotation for use on talk pages | {{tlb|Not talk quote inline}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|!tq}},{{Clear}}{{tlb|!tqq}}, {{tlb|!tqi}}, or {{tlb|!tqqi}})</small> | Inline quotation for what someone ''didn't say'' but could have, or perhaps should have, said. | {{tlb|Talk quote block}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|tqb}}, {{tlb|tq2}})</small> | Block-style quotation for use on talk pages | {{tlb|Talk quote block minimalist}}{{Clear}}<small>(shortcut: {{tlb|tqbm}})</small> | [[Minimalist]] version of above | &nbsp;|&nbsp; | ↓ ''Block indentations for non-quotations'' | ''See [[MOS:INDENT]]'' | {{tlb|Block indent}} | To indent an entire block of content (uses {{code|lang=html|code=<div>}} and CSS margins) | {{tlb|Divbox}} | To frame messages or the example output of an article or template }} }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 41mg77ffyjkp0rn230psl6oob4m35f5 10 16979 121223 41359 2026-01-16T15:38:16Z en>Grufo 0 +{{R with history}} 121223 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Magic word link]] {{Rcat shell| {{R with history}} }} ljocptv8yb580996l0aybqrhao9ez28 121224 121223 2026-09-04T22:14:20Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Magic_word]] 121223 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Magic word link]] {{Rcat shell| {{R with history}} }} ljocptv8yb580996l0aybqrhao9ez28 10 16984 121019 41369 2024-03-31T14:46:33Z en>CambridgeBayWeather 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Demo]]" ([Edit=Require extended confirmed access] (indefinite) [Move=Require extended confirmed access] (indefinite)) 41368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Demo|main}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> qo8uxqtbhlvri8ihi5293by4l1j4soc 121020 121019 2026-09-04T22:04:37Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Demo]] 41368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Demo|main}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> qo8uxqtbhlvri8ihi5293by4l1j4soc 10 17035 121215 41497 2026-08-04T08:05:15Z en>RMCD bot 0 Notifying subject page of move discussion on [[Template talk:Hlist#Requested move 3 August 2026|Template talk:Hlist]] 121215 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Requested move notice|1=Template:Comma-separated entries|2=Template talk:Hlist#Requested move 3 August 2026}} </noinclude>{{<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:Separated entries|comma|dataPlural=1}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> rqa9mpkfe1ibwgbulghtcw3stb1bs3l 121216 121215 2026-09-04T22:14:18Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Comma_separated_entries]] 121215 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Requested move notice|1=Template:Comma-separated entries|2=Template talk:Hlist#Requested move 3 August 2026}} </noinclude>{{<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:Separated entries|comma|dataPlural=1}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> rqa9mpkfe1ibwgbulghtcw3stb1bs3l 10 17107 121091 67504 2026-07-15T07:40:35Z en>Bb010g 0 Use [[Template:FULLPAGENAME]] to support user sandboxes 121091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Template talk||'''{{small|When used inside the {{Tl|Redirect category shell}} template:}}}}''' {{Mbox | name = This is a redirect/rcat | type = move | image = none | style = margin-top: 1.1em; border: solid 1px darkblue; border-left-width: 0.5em; | textstyle = padding-top: 0.9em; padding-bottom: 0.9em; | text = '''This page is a [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]]. <small>The following [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|categories]] are used to track and monitor this redirect:</small>''' {{#ifeq:{{PAGENAME}}|R avoided double redirect|<includeonly>{{{text|{{ {{#switch:{{PAGENAME}}|This is a redirect/rcat=|This is a redirect/rcat/sandbox=|This is a redirect/rcat/testcases=|#default={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}|embed=yes}}}}}</includeonly>| <noinclude>* (Text of rcat)</noinclude><includeonly>{{{text|{{ {{#switch:{{PAGENAME}}|This is a redirect/rcat=|This is a redirect/rcat/sandbox=|This is a redirect/rcat/testcases=|#default={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}|embed=yes}}}}}</includeonly>}} ''<small>When appropriate, [[WP:PP|protection levels]] are automatically sensed, described and categorized.</small>'' }} {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Template talk||{{#if:{{{1|}}}||<br />'''{{small|When used by itself:}}'''}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> tveqxnxz1dfhcopafoqzcel2i08bsx4 121092 121091 2026-09-04T22:07:45Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:This_is_a_redirect/rcat]] 121091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Template talk||'''{{small|When used inside the {{Tl|Redirect category shell}} template:}}}}''' {{Mbox | name = This is a redirect/rcat | type = move | image = none | style = margin-top: 1.1em; border: solid 1px darkblue; border-left-width: 0.5em; | textstyle = padding-top: 0.9em; padding-bottom: 0.9em; | text = '''This page is a [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]]. <small>The following [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|categories]] are used to track and monitor this redirect:</small>''' {{#ifeq:{{PAGENAME}}|R avoided double redirect|<includeonly>{{{text|{{ {{#switch:{{PAGENAME}}|This is a redirect/rcat=|This is a redirect/rcat/sandbox=|This is a redirect/rcat/testcases=|#default={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}|embed=yes}}}}}</includeonly>| <noinclude>* (Text of rcat)</noinclude><includeonly>{{{text|{{ {{#switch:{{PAGENAME}}|This is a redirect/rcat=|This is a redirect/rcat/sandbox=|This is a redirect/rcat/testcases=|#default={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}|embed=yes}}}}}</includeonly>}} ''<small>When appropriate, [[WP:PP|protection levels]] are automatically sensed, described and categorized.</small>'' }} {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Template talk||{{#if:{{{1|}}}||<br />'''{{small|When used by itself:}}'''}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> tveqxnxz1dfhcopafoqzcel2i08bsx4 828 17197 121151 114747 2026-07-15T00:45:23Z en>Izno 0 Parsoid is now the one true parser 121151 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp|small=y}} */ .ambox { border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #36c; /* Default "notice" blue */ background-color: #fbfbfb; box-sizing: border-box; } /* Single border between stacked boxes. * category and TemplateStyles are wrapped in an "empty" span [[phab:T378906]] * [[phab:T200206]] may be relevant at a later date */ .ambox + .mw-empty-elt + .ambox, .ambox + .mw-empty-elt + .mw-empty-elt + .ambox, /* * and Template:Dated maintenance category. we can probably remove this flavor * when T200206 is fixed */ .ambox + .mw-empty-elt + .mw-empty-elt + .mw-empty-elt + .ambox { margin-top: -1px; } /* For the "small=left" option. */ /* must override .ambox + .ambox styles above */ html body.mediawiki .ambox.mbox-small-left { /* @noflip */ margin: 4px 1em 4px 0; overflow: hidden; width: 238px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.25em; } .ambox-speedy { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #b32424; /* Red */ background-color: #fee7e6; /* Pink */ } .ambox-delete { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #b32424; /* Red */ } .ambox-content { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #f28500; /* Orange */ } .ambox-style { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #fc3; /* Yellow */ } .ambox-move { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #9932cc; /* Purple */ } .ambox-protection { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #a2a9b1; /* Gray-gold */ } .ambox .mbox-text { border: none; /* @noflip */ padding: 0.25em 0.5em; width: 100%; } .ambox .mbox-image { border: none; /* @noflip */ padding: 2px 0 2px 0.5em; text-align: center; } .ambox .mbox-imageright { border: none; /* @noflip */ padding: 2px 0.5em 2px 0; text-align: center; } /* An empty narrow cell */ .ambox .mbox-empty-cell { border: none; padding: 0; width: 1px; } .ambox .mbox-image-div { width: 52px; } @media (min-width: 720px) { .ambox { margin: 0 10%; /* 10% = Will not overlap with other elements */ } } @media print { body.ns-0 .ambox { display: none !important; } } idzaktajuuk2185o4mwkmbswy6znoaz 121152 121151 2026-09-04T22:10:01Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Message_box/ambox.css]] 121151 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp|small=y}} */ .ambox { border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #36c; /* Default "notice" blue */ background-color: #fbfbfb; box-sizing: border-box; } /* Single border between stacked boxes. * category and TemplateStyles are wrapped in an "empty" span [[phab:T378906]] * [[phab:T200206]] may be relevant at a later date */ .ambox + .mw-empty-elt + .ambox, .ambox + .mw-empty-elt + .mw-empty-elt + .ambox, /* * and Template:Dated maintenance category. we can probably remove this flavor * when T200206 is fixed */ .ambox + .mw-empty-elt + .mw-empty-elt + .mw-empty-elt + .ambox { margin-top: -1px; } /* For the "small=left" option. */ /* must override .ambox + .ambox styles above */ html body.mediawiki .ambox.mbox-small-left { /* @noflip */ margin: 4px 1em 4px 0; overflow: hidden; width: 238px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.25em; } .ambox-speedy { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #b32424; /* Red */ background-color: #fee7e6; /* Pink */ } .ambox-delete { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #b32424; /* Red */ } .ambox-content { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #f28500; /* Orange */ } .ambox-style { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #fc3; /* Yellow */ } .ambox-move { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #9932cc; /* Purple */ } .ambox-protection { /* @noflip */ border-left: 10px solid #a2a9b1; /* Gray-gold */ } .ambox .mbox-text { border: none; /* @noflip */ padding: 0.25em 0.5em; width: 100%; } .ambox .mbox-image { border: none; /* @noflip */ padding: 2px 0 2px 0.5em; text-align: center; } .ambox .mbox-imageright { border: none; /* @noflip */ padding: 2px 0.5em 2px 0; text-align: center; } /* An empty narrow cell */ .ambox .mbox-empty-cell { border: none; padding: 0; width: 1px; } .ambox .mbox-image-div { width: 52px; } @media (min-width: 720px) { .ambox { margin: 0 10%; /* 10% = Will not overlap with other elements */ } } @media print { body.ns-0 .ambox { display: none !important; } } idzaktajuuk2185o4mwkmbswy6znoaz 10 17294 121181 42524 2024-12-24T17:59:57Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Quote]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 71825 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 121181 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Blockquote]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} {{R from modification}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} nvfko102x33m2mcmcnjr7wctxcycw6v 121182 121181 2026-09-04T22:11:57Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Quote]] 121181 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Blockquote]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} {{R from modification}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} nvfko102x33m2mcmcnjr7wctxcycw6v 10 17419 121041 52054 2026-08-30T17:19:31Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:Pp-move]] to [[Template:Move-protected]] over redirect: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 121041 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Move-protected]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} aa3vgd76ddohahiyds1cd2ifcna2fqq 121042 121041 2026-09-04T22:04:43Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pp-move]] 121041 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Move-protected]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} aa3vgd76ddohahiyds1cd2ifcna2fqq 10 17485 121069 80329 2026-05-04T00:13:17Z en>JHD0919 0 The "permanent" template has been renamed & moved, and the "temporary" template has been deleted. 121069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | state = {{{state|{{{1|<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Module||collapsed}}</includeonly>}}}}}} | title = {{c|Protection templates}} | image<!--left--> = <!--[[File:Padlock.svg|40px|link=|alt=]]--> | tracking = no <!-- keep all the documented templates out of the hlist tracking category --> | inner-style = table-format:fixed; | list1 = <div style="overflow:auto">{{Aligned table |cols=5 |style=table-format:fixed;border:1px solid #aaa;margin:0 auto<!-- 0.2em-->; |colstyle=vertical-align:middle;padding-left:1.0em;<!--font-family:monospace;-->padding-right:1.0em; <!--row#--> |row1header=on |row1style=padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #bbf; <!-- 1 --> | | Edit | Move | [[Wikipedia:Pending changes|Pending changes]] | Upload <!-- 2 --> | Generic | {{tl|pp}} | {{tl|pp-move}} | {{tl|pp-pc}} | {{tl|pp-upload}} <!-- 3 --> | [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|BLP]] | {{tl|pp-blp}} | – | – | – <!-- 4 --> | Blocked user's talk page | {{tl|pp-usertalk}} | – | – | – <!-- 5 --> | Dispute | {{tl|pp-dispute}} | {{tl|pp-move-dispute}} | – | – <!-- 6 --> | [[Wikipedia:Protection_policy#Extended_confirmed_protection|Extended confirmed protection]] | {{tl|pp-extended}} | – | – | – <!-- 7 --> | Indefinite | {{tl|pp-semi-indef}} | {{tl|pp-move-indef}} | – | – <!-- 8 --> | [[Main Page]] image | {{tl|pp-main-page}} | – | – | – <!-- 9 --> | [[Wikipedia:Office actions|Office]] | {{tl|pp-office}} | – | – | – <!-- 10--> | [[Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry|Sockpuppetry]] | {{tl|pp-sock}} | – | – | – <!-- 11 --> | Templates and images | {{tl|pp-template}} | – | – | {{tl|pp-upload}} <!-- 12 --> | Vandalism | {{tl|pp-vandalism}} | {{tl|pp-move-vandalism}} | – | – <!-- 13 --> | Talk page | {{tl|Indefinitely protected}} | – | – | – }}</div> | below = [[Module:Protection banner]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation|content= {{Collapsible option |statename=optional |default=collapsed}} {{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia administration templates]] }}}}<!--(end Documentation)--> </noinclude> n1kcstoc2yv7pztv9swgzwfgr0pu0zp 121070 121069 2026-09-04T22:06:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Protection_templates]] 121069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | state = {{{state|{{{1|<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Module||collapsed}}</includeonly>}}}}}} | title = {{c|Protection templates}} | image<!--left--> = <!--[[File:Padlock.svg|40px|link=|alt=]]--> | tracking = no <!-- keep all the documented templates out of the hlist tracking category --> | inner-style = table-format:fixed; | list1 = <div style="overflow:auto">{{Aligned table |cols=5 |style=table-format:fixed;border:1px solid #aaa;margin:0 auto<!-- 0.2em-->; |colstyle=vertical-align:middle;padding-left:1.0em;<!--font-family:monospace;-->padding-right:1.0em; <!--row#--> |row1header=on |row1style=padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #bbf; <!-- 1 --> | | Edit | Move | [[Wikipedia:Pending changes|Pending changes]] | Upload <!-- 2 --> | Generic | {{tl|pp}} | {{tl|pp-move}} | {{tl|pp-pc}} | {{tl|pp-upload}} <!-- 3 --> | [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|BLP]] | {{tl|pp-blp}} | – | – | – <!-- 4 --> | Blocked user's talk page | {{tl|pp-usertalk}} | – | – | – <!-- 5 --> | Dispute | {{tl|pp-dispute}} | {{tl|pp-move-dispute}} | – | – <!-- 6 --> | [[Wikipedia:Protection_policy#Extended_confirmed_protection|Extended confirmed protection]] | {{tl|pp-extended}} | – | – | – <!-- 7 --> | Indefinite | {{tl|pp-semi-indef}} | {{tl|pp-move-indef}} | – | – <!-- 8 --> | [[Main Page]] image | {{tl|pp-main-page}} | – | – | – <!-- 9 --> | [[Wikipedia:Office actions|Office]] | {{tl|pp-office}} | – | – | – <!-- 10--> | [[Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry|Sockpuppetry]] | {{tl|pp-sock}} | – | – | – <!-- 11 --> | Templates and images | {{tl|pp-template}} | – | – | {{tl|pp-upload}} <!-- 12 --> | Vandalism | {{tl|pp-vandalism}} | {{tl|pp-move-vandalism}} | – | – <!-- 13 --> | Talk page | {{tl|Indefinitely protected}} | – | – | – }}</div> | below = [[Module:Protection banner]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation|content= {{Collapsible option |statename=optional |default=collapsed}} {{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia administration templates]] }}}}<!--(end Documentation)--> </noinclude> n1kcstoc2yv7pztv9swgzwfgr0pu0zp 828 17486 121073 42986 2026-08-30T17:20:51Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Module:Protection banner/documentation]] to [[Module:Protected page/documentation]]: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 121073 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page/documentation]] dyf4tfo453uofw6muk3f0i6kqlewt9v 121074 121073 2026-09-04T22:06:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protection_banner/documentation]] 121073 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page/documentation]] dyf4tfo453uofw6muk3f0i6kqlewt9v 828 17487 121075 42988 2026-08-30T17:20:51Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Module:Protection banner/documentation/config]] to [[Module:Protected page/documentation/config]]: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 121075 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page/documentation/config]] 4bny22wl50li3by3bq416dza06apyms 121076 121075 2026-09-04T22:06:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protection_banner/documentation/config]] 121075 Scribunto text/plain return require [[Module:Protected page/documentation/config]] 4bny22wl50li3by3bq416dza06apyms 10 17489 121195 43004 2026-05-17T00:04:49Z en>Amire80 0 remove unnecessary comment 121195 wikitext text/x-wiki <span style="color:green;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage --> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> atp2m4axc4t1dca7xhuwiw8hxxu6fzl 121196 121195 2026-09-04T22:12:51Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Green]] 121195 wikitext text/x-wiki <span style="color:green;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage --> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> atp2m4axc4t1dca7xhuwiw8hxxu6fzl 10 17517 121559 43095 2026-04-18T03:35:55Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Rcatsh]]" ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 43094 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Redirect category shell]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R to redirect template}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} 29bzayoi3nnwiqlqomxzg08fp5qmvuz 121560 121559 2026-09-04T22:19:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Rcatsh]] 43094 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Redirect category shell]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R to redirect template}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} 29bzayoi3nnwiqlqomxzg08fp5qmvuz 828 17786 121221 105169 2026-08-30T05:08:40Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121221 Scribunto text/plain return { ["B-Class"] = 18000, ["BBC_Online"] = 3600, ["BBC_programme"] = 2700, ["BCGNIS"] = 2100, ["BDFA"] = 4000, ["BDFutbol"] = 8500, ["BEL"] = 9200, ["BGR"] = 6000, ["BIH"] = 4400, ["BLP"] = 1240000, ["BLP_no_footnotes"] = 3200, ["BLP_one_source"] = 11000, ["BLP_others"] = 15000, ["BLP_primary_sources"] = 6000, ["BLP_sources"] = 100000, ["BLP_sources_section"] = 3400, ["BLP_unreferenced"] = 7700, ["BLP_unreferenced_section"] = 7500, ["BLP_unsourced"] = 7600, ["BLR"] = 5300, ["BRA"] = 11000, ["BS_template"] = 3300, ["BSsplit"] = 15000, ["BSto"] = 7700, ["BUL"] = 5500, ["BWF.TournamentSoftware.com_profile"] = 2200, ["Babel"] = 45000, ["Background_color"] = 6900, ["Bad_JPEG"] = 2500, ["Ballotpedia"] = 2100, ["Bar_box"] = 9500, ["Bar_percent"] = 9300, ["Barrington_Atlas"] = 2100, ["Base_Mérimée"] = 2500, ["Baseball_navbox"] = 13000, ["Baseball_primary_link"] = 8900, ["Baseball_primary_style"] = 18000, ["Baseball_secondary_link"] = 7500, ["Baseball_secondary_style"] = 15000, ["Baseball_year"] = 13000, ["Baseballstats"] = 27000, ["Based_on"] = 31000, ["Basketball_color"] = 7200, ["Basketball_color_cell"] = 12000, ["Basketball_color_cell2"] = 5900, ["Basketball_current_roster"] = 2400, ["Basketball_kit"] = 3900, ["Basketball_primary_style"] = 2200, ["Basketball_roster_footer"] = 2100, ["Basketballbox"] = 5000, ["Basketballstats"] = 3700, ["Bcc"] = 2000, ["Bda"] = 2500, ["Before_and_after_year_navbox_links"] = 3000, ["Better_source"] = 2600, ["Better_source_needed"] = 27000, ["Better_source_requested"] = 4000, ["Bibleverse"] = 8000, ["Big"] = 330000, ["Bigger"] = 44000, ["BillboardURLbyName"] = 8900, ["Billie_Jean_King_Cup_player"] = 2100, ["BioRef"] = 4000, ["Bio_icon"] = 90000, ["Bio_icon2"] = 90000, ["Biographical_Directory_of_Congress"] = 10000, ["Bioguide"] = 3200, ["Biology_high_taxon_classification_navs"] = 2200, ["Birds_tasks"] = 33000, ["Birdsong"] = 2600, ["Birth-date"] = 4900, ["Birth-date_and_age"] = 7800, ["Birth_based_on_age_as_of_date"] = 7900, ["Birth_date"] = 477000, ["Birth_date_and_age"] = 807000, ["Birth_date_and_age2"] = 6700, ["Birth_date_and_age_text"] = 13000, ["Birth_date_text"] = 55000, ["Birth_year"] = 28000, ["Birth_year_and_age"] = 74000, ["Bk"] = 4200, ["Bkicon"] = 2500, ["Blanked_IP_talk"] = 8270000, ["Blist"] = 33000, ["Block_indent"] = 1110000, ["Block_indent/styles.css"] = 1110000, ["Blocked_and_tagged"] = 6000, ["Blocked_proxy"] = 19000, ["Blockedtaggedclosing"] = 3000, ["Blockquote"] = 215000, ["Blockquote/styles.css"] = 215000, ["Blue"] = 18000, ["Bnt"] = 5400, ["Bold_div"] = 3100, ["Border"] = 3400, ["Bot"] = 2100, ["BotApproved"] = 2400, ["BotTrial"] = 2500, ["Bot_trial"] = 2600, ["Botanist"] = 4900, ["Botanist/styles.css"] = 4900, ["Both"] = 1500000, ["Botop"] = 2200, ["Bots"] = 18000, ["Box"] = 265000, ["Box-footer"] = 6300, ["Box-header"] = 5600, ["Box-shadow_border"] = 121000, ["BoxRec"] = 5800, ["Boxbottom"] = 2600, ["Boxboxbottom"] = 17000, ["Boxboxtop"] = 19000, ["BoxingRecordSummary"] = 4200, ["Boxing_record_summary"] = 4300, ["Boxrec"] = 4900, ["Bq"] = 21000, ["Br"] = 14000, ["Br_list"] = 8200, ["Br_separated_entries"] = 1780000, ["Bracket"] = 2900, ["Break"] = 30000, ["British_English"] = 19000, ["Brldb_prim"] = 2200, ["Broken_anchor"] = 3400, ["Broken_anchors"] = 49000, ["Broken_ref"] = 64000, ["Broken_ref/cat"] = 7700, ["Broken_ref/lang"] = 64000, ["Broken_ref/styles.css"] = 57000, ["Bronze03"] = 18000, ["Bronze3"] = 43000, ["Bronze_medal"] = 7100, ["Bronze_medal_icon"] = 57000, ["Bs_position"] = 2200, ["Btc"] = 2500, ["Buddhism_topics"] = 2200, ["Bulleted_list"] = 274000, ["Bus_icon"] = 3800, ["Busy"] = 3000, ["Butt-Stations"] = 2600, ["Button"] = 48000, ["By"] = 4200, ["By_whom"] = 6500, ["Module:Babel"] = 45000, ["Module:Banner_shell"] = 12000000, ["Module:Banner_shell/config"] = 12000000, ["Module:Banner_shell/styles.css"] = 12000000, ["Module:BaseConvert"] = 38000, ["Module:Based_on"] = 31000, ["Module:Bibleverse"] = 8000, ["Module:Birth_based_on_age_as_of_dates"] = 7900, ["Module:Box-header"] = 5800, ["Module:Box-header/colours"] = 5800, ["Module:Box-header/styles.css"] = 5800, ["Module:British_regnal_year"] = 2700, ["Module:British_regnal_year/data"] = 2700, ["Module:Buffer"] = 2370000, ["Module:Build_bracket"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Config"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Helpers"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Logic"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Params"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Paths"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Render"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/StateChecks"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/styles.css"] = 9300, } i6lc6uxvfn56uf4dsu0g8picgkat1qt 121222 121221 2026-09-04T22:14:20Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/B]] 121221 Scribunto text/plain return { ["B-Class"] = 18000, ["BBC_Online"] = 3600, ["BBC_programme"] = 2700, ["BCGNIS"] = 2100, ["BDFA"] = 4000, ["BDFutbol"] = 8500, ["BEL"] = 9200, ["BGR"] = 6000, ["BIH"] = 4400, ["BLP"] = 1240000, ["BLP_no_footnotes"] = 3200, ["BLP_one_source"] = 11000, ["BLP_others"] = 15000, ["BLP_primary_sources"] = 6000, ["BLP_sources"] = 100000, ["BLP_sources_section"] = 3400, ["BLP_unreferenced"] = 7700, ["BLP_unreferenced_section"] = 7500, ["BLP_unsourced"] = 7600, ["BLR"] = 5300, ["BRA"] = 11000, ["BS_template"] = 3300, ["BSsplit"] = 15000, ["BSto"] = 7700, ["BUL"] = 5500, ["BWF.TournamentSoftware.com_profile"] = 2200, ["Babel"] = 45000, ["Background_color"] = 6900, ["Bad_JPEG"] = 2500, ["Ballotpedia"] = 2100, ["Bar_box"] = 9500, ["Bar_percent"] = 9300, ["Barrington_Atlas"] = 2100, ["Base_Mérimée"] = 2500, ["Baseball_navbox"] = 13000, ["Baseball_primary_link"] = 8900, ["Baseball_primary_style"] = 18000, ["Baseball_secondary_link"] = 7500, ["Baseball_secondary_style"] = 15000, ["Baseball_year"] = 13000, ["Baseballstats"] = 27000, ["Based_on"] = 31000, ["Basketball_color"] = 7200, ["Basketball_color_cell"] = 12000, ["Basketball_color_cell2"] = 5900, ["Basketball_current_roster"] = 2400, ["Basketball_kit"] = 3900, ["Basketball_primary_style"] = 2200, ["Basketball_roster_footer"] = 2100, ["Basketballbox"] = 5000, ["Basketballstats"] = 3700, ["Bcc"] = 2000, ["Bda"] = 2500, ["Before_and_after_year_navbox_links"] = 3000, ["Better_source"] = 2600, ["Better_source_needed"] = 27000, ["Better_source_requested"] = 4000, ["Bibleverse"] = 8000, ["Big"] = 330000, ["Bigger"] = 44000, ["BillboardURLbyName"] = 8900, ["Billie_Jean_King_Cup_player"] = 2100, ["BioRef"] = 4000, ["Bio_icon"] = 90000, ["Bio_icon2"] = 90000, ["Biographical_Directory_of_Congress"] = 10000, ["Bioguide"] = 3200, ["Biology_high_taxon_classification_navs"] = 2200, ["Birds_tasks"] = 33000, ["Birdsong"] = 2600, ["Birth-date"] = 4900, ["Birth-date_and_age"] = 7800, ["Birth_based_on_age_as_of_date"] = 7900, ["Birth_date"] = 477000, ["Birth_date_and_age"] = 807000, ["Birth_date_and_age2"] = 6700, ["Birth_date_and_age_text"] = 13000, ["Birth_date_text"] = 55000, ["Birth_year"] = 28000, ["Birth_year_and_age"] = 74000, ["Bk"] = 4200, ["Bkicon"] = 2500, ["Blanked_IP_talk"] = 8270000, ["Blist"] = 33000, ["Block_indent"] = 1110000, ["Block_indent/styles.css"] = 1110000, ["Blocked_and_tagged"] = 6000, ["Blocked_proxy"] = 19000, ["Blockedtaggedclosing"] = 3000, ["Blockquote"] = 215000, ["Blockquote/styles.css"] = 215000, ["Blue"] = 18000, ["Bnt"] = 5400, ["Bold_div"] = 3100, ["Border"] = 3400, ["Bot"] = 2100, ["BotApproved"] = 2400, ["BotTrial"] = 2500, ["Bot_trial"] = 2600, ["Botanist"] = 4900, ["Botanist/styles.css"] = 4900, ["Both"] = 1500000, ["Botop"] = 2200, ["Bots"] = 18000, ["Box"] = 265000, ["Box-footer"] = 6300, ["Box-header"] = 5600, ["Box-shadow_border"] = 121000, ["BoxRec"] = 5800, ["Boxbottom"] = 2600, ["Boxboxbottom"] = 17000, ["Boxboxtop"] = 19000, ["BoxingRecordSummary"] = 4200, ["Boxing_record_summary"] = 4300, ["Boxrec"] = 4900, ["Bq"] = 21000, ["Br"] = 14000, ["Br_list"] = 8200, ["Br_separated_entries"] = 1780000, ["Bracket"] = 2900, ["Break"] = 30000, ["British_English"] = 19000, ["Brldb_prim"] = 2200, ["Broken_anchor"] = 3400, ["Broken_anchors"] = 49000, ["Broken_ref"] = 64000, ["Broken_ref/cat"] = 7700, ["Broken_ref/lang"] = 64000, ["Broken_ref/styles.css"] = 57000, ["Bronze03"] = 18000, ["Bronze3"] = 43000, ["Bronze_medal"] = 7100, ["Bronze_medal_icon"] = 57000, ["Bs_position"] = 2200, ["Btc"] = 2500, ["Buddhism_topics"] = 2200, ["Bulleted_list"] = 274000, ["Bus_icon"] = 3800, ["Busy"] = 3000, ["Butt-Stations"] = 2600, ["Button"] = 48000, ["By"] = 4200, ["By_whom"] = 6500, ["Module:Babel"] = 45000, ["Module:Banner_shell"] = 12000000, ["Module:Banner_shell/config"] = 12000000, ["Module:Banner_shell/styles.css"] = 12000000, ["Module:BaseConvert"] = 38000, ["Module:Based_on"] = 31000, ["Module:Bibleverse"] = 8000, ["Module:Birth_based_on_age_as_of_dates"] = 7900, ["Module:Box-header"] = 5800, ["Module:Box-header/colours"] = 5800, ["Module:Box-header/styles.css"] = 5800, ["Module:British_regnal_year"] = 2700, ["Module:British_regnal_year/data"] = 2700, ["Module:Buffer"] = 2370000, ["Module:Build_bracket"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Config"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Helpers"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Logic"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Params"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Paths"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/Render"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/StateChecks"] = 9300, ["Module:Build_bracket/styles.css"] = 9300, } i6lc6uxvfn56uf4dsu0g8picgkat1qt 10 17793 121001 45755 2026-07-11T17:02:17Z en>HouseBlaster 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1363534438|1363534438]] by [[Special:Contributions/HouseBlaster|HouseBlaster]] ([[User talk:HouseBlaster|talk]]) see talk of [[TM:yes]] 121001 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|{{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> nghoiochp86tws0qygulg4wjodf0sse 121002 121001 2026-09-04T22:04:32Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:No]] 121001 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|{{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> nghoiochp86tws0qygulg4wjodf0sse 10 17794 121003 45757 2026-07-11T17:01:56Z en>HouseBlaster 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1363534284|1363534284]] by [[Special:Contributions/HouseBlaster|HouseBlaster]] ([[User talk:HouseBlaster|talk]]) see talk 121003 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|{{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> bgtt7vrln31bhly7j9zj7qq9axxg01v 121004 121003 2026-09-04T22:04:33Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Yes]] 121003 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|{{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> bgtt7vrln31bhly7j9zj7qq9axxg01v 828 17923 121097 110550 2026-08-30T05:11:20Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121097 Scribunto text/plain return { ["R"] = 37000, ["R/ref"] = 37000, ["R/superscript"] = 113000, ["R/where"] = 113000, ["RA"] = 11000, ["RCS"] = 5500, ["REVISIONUSER2"] = 64000, ["RMS"] = 6400, ["RMnac"] = 3200, ["ROM"] = 2700, ["ROU"] = 7500, ["RSA"] = 5200, ["RSS-Atom_feed_notice"] = 222000, ["RTGS"] = 2900, ["RT_data"] = 4100, ["RUS"] = 15000, ["R_Wikidata"] = 2200, ["R_alt"] = 2900, ["R_ambig"] = 16000, ["R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 204000, ["R_cat_shell"] = 12000, ["R_category_shell"] = 15000, ["R_from_ASCII-only"] = 241000, ["R_from_ATC_code"] = 4700, ["R_from_ATCvet_code"] = 5400, ["R_from_British_English"] = 2700, ["R_from_DOI_prefix"] = 7700, ["R_from_IMO_number"] = 4500, ["R_from_ISO_4"] = 42000, ["R_from_ISO_4_abbreviation"] = 47000, ["R_from_ISO_639"] = 8800, ["R_from_ISO_639_code"] = 9000, ["R_from_NLM"] = 4600, ["R_from_NLM_abbreviation"] = 4700, ["R_from_UK_road"] = 3000, ["R_from_UN/LOCODE"] = 7100, ["R_from_US_postal_abbreviation"] = 44000, ["R_from_Unicode"] = 28000, ["R_from_Unicode_character"] = 32000, ["R_from_abbreviation"] = 27000, ["R_from_acronym"] = 3000, ["R_from_adjective"] = 7900, ["R_from_airport_code"] = 7000, ["R_from_album"] = 18000, ["R_from_alt_name"] = 5300, ["R_from_alternate_name"] = 21000, ["R_from_alternate_spelling"] = 7200, ["R_from_alternative_capitalisation"] = 9100, ["R_from_alternative_capitalization"] = 4600, ["R_from_alternative_disambiguation"] = 6300, ["R_from_alternative_hyphenation"] = 324000, ["R_from_alternative_language"] = 91000, ["R_from_alternative_name"] = 300000, ["R_from_alternative_punctuation"] = 33000, ["R_from_alternative_scientific_name"] = 160000, ["R_from_alternative_spacing"] = 16000, ["R_from_alternative_spelling"] = 80000, ["R_from_alternative_title"] = 10000, ["R_from_alternative_transliteration"] = 7400, ["R_from_ambiguous"] = 3000, ["R_from_ambiguous_page"] = 7800, ["R_from_ambiguous_sort_name"] = 40000, ["R_from_ambiguous_term"] = 53000, ["R_from_avoided_double_redirect"] = 7500, ["R_from_birth_name"] = 14000, ["R_from_book"] = 5500, ["R_from_case_citation"] = 3300, ["R_from_category_navigation"] = 4400, ["R_from_chemical_formula"] = 9200, ["R_from_comment_subpage"] = 22000, ["R_from_diacritic"] = 11000, ["R_from_diacritics"] = 2100, ["R_from_domain_name"] = 15000, ["R_from_draft"] = 4000, ["R_from_draft_namespace"] = 5900, ["R_from_drug_trade_name"] = 23000, ["R_from_emoji"] = 3400, ["R_from_fictional_character"] = 57000, ["R_from_fictional_element"] = 5700, ["R_from_fictional_location"] = 2400, ["R_from_film"] = 2100, ["R_from_former_name"] = 33000, ["R_from_full_name"] = 13000, ["R_from_gene_symbol"] = 11000, ["R_from_given_name"] = 3300, ["R_from_incomplete_disambiguation"] = 61000, ["R_from_incomplete_name"] = 2600, ["R_from_incorrect_disambiguation"] = 5700, ["R_from_incorrect_name"] = 14000, ["R_from_initialism"] = 27000, ["R_from_initials"] = 4200, ["R_from_legislation"] = 3300, ["R_from_less_specific_name"] = 5100, ["R_from_list_topic"] = 21000, ["R_from_long"] = 6600, ["R_from_long_name"] = 108000, ["R_from_longer_name"] = 17000, ["R_from_member"] = 6700, ["R_from_merge"] = 77000, ["R_from_miscapitalisation"] = 42000, ["R_from_miscapitalization"] = 5900, ["R_from_misspelling"] = 69000, ["R_from_modification"] = 465000, ["R_from_molecular_formula"] = 6800, ["R_from_monotypic_taxon"] = 8100, ["R_from_more_specific_geographic_name"] = 2800, ["R_from_more_specific_name"] = 6300, ["R_from_move"] = 3050000, ["R_from_move/except"] = 3050000, ["R_from_name_with_title"] = 6600, ["R_from_nickname"] = 3200, ["R_from_old_AfC_draft"] = 29000, ["R_from_other_capitalisation"] = 418000, ["R_from_other_capitalization"] = 6500, ["R_from_other_disambiguation"] = 21000, ["R_from_other_language"] = 2900, ["R_from_other_name"] = 8100, ["R_from_other_punctuation"] = 2000, ["R_from_other_spelling"] = 2800, ["R_from_person"] = 14000, ["R_from_personal_name"] = 3100, ["R_from_plural"] = 39000, ["R_from_product_name"] = 2600, ["R_from_pseudonym"] = 2900, ["R_from_railroad_name_with_ampersand"] = 2300, ["R_from_related_term"] = 2200, ["R_from_related_topic"] = 7100, ["R_from_related_word"] = 18000, ["R_from_remote_page"] = 12000, ["R_from_remote_talk_page"] = 30000, ["R_from_school"] = 3500, ["R_from_scientific_name"] = 36000, ["R_from_short"] = 5600, ["R_from_short_name"] = 117000, ["R_from_shortcut"] = 48000, ["R_from_shorter_name"] = 2500, ["R_from_shorter_title"] = 5200, ["R_from_song"] = 60000, ["R_from_sort_name"] = 188000, ["R_from_species_to_genus"] = 4800, ["R_from_stylization"] = 2000, ["R_from_subpage"] = 41000, ["R_from_subtopic"] = 83000, ["R_from_surname"] = 33000, ["R_from_symbol"] = 3100, ["R_from_synonym"] = 6500, ["R_from_taxonomic_synonym"] = 2500, ["R_from_television_episode"] = 63000, ["R_from_template_shortcut"] = 4700, ["R_from_title_with_diacritics"] = 5800, ["R_from_title_without_diacritics"] = 392000, ["R_from_trade_name"] = 23000, ["R_from_typo"] = 4000, ["R_from_unnecessary_disambiguation"] = 48000, ["R_from_work"] = 2800, ["R_from_year"] = 4100, ["R_hatnote"] = 3000, ["R_list_topic"] = 11000, ["R_mentioned_in_hatnote"] = 12000, ["R_miscap"] = 3000, ["R_move"] = 2300, ["R_printworthy"] = 94000, ["R_protected"] = 11000, ["R_protected/excon"] = 2600, ["R_protected/semi"] = 6300, ["R_sect"] = 3500, ["R_section"] = 24000, ["R_shell"] = 22000, ["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(,_Switzerland)"] = 2300, ["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(canton)"] = 3500, ["R_to_Swiss_municipality_2L"] = 2600, ["R_to_TV_episode_list_entry"] = 9100, ["R_to_alternative_scientific_name"] = 3200, ["R_to_anchor"] = 114000, ["R_to_category_namespace"] = 6600, ["R_to_century"] = 2700, ["R_to_diacritic"] = 422000, ["R_to_diacritics"] = 3900, ["R_to_disambiguation"] = 4000, ["R_to_disambiguation_page"] = 289000, ["R_to_list"] = 39000, ["R_to_list_entry"] = 94000, ["R_to_monotypic_taxon"] = 17000, ["R_to_plural"] = 4900, ["R_to_project"] = 2600, ["R_to_project_namespace"] = 26000, ["R_to_redirect_template"] = 4800, ["R_to_related_topic"] = 95000, ["R_to_scientific_name"] = 105000, ["R_to_section"] = 427000, ["R_to_short_name"] = 4400, ["R_to_stub_template"] = 5000, ["R_to_subpage"] = 8000, ["R_to_subtopic"] = 4200, ["R_to_transliteration"] = 15000, ["R_unprintworthy"] = 99000, ["R_with_Wikidata_item"] = 50000, ["R_with_history"] = 21000, ["R_with_possibilities"] = 127000, ["Racing-Reference_driver"] = 2900, ["Radio_Relay"] = 3600, ["Radio_formats"] = 11000, ["Rail-interchange"] = 42000, ["RailGauge"] = 10000, ["Rail_color"] = 38000, ["Rail_color_box"] = 15000, ["Rail_icon"] = 22000, ["Rail_line"] = 9700, ["Rail_navbox_titlestyle"] = 14000, ["Rail_pass_box"] = 18000, ["Rail_start"] = 2100, ["Rail_template_doc"] = 2300, ["Railway-routemap"] = 4600, ["Railway_division_link"] = 5000, ["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 3100, ["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 5300, ["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header/core"] = 5300, ["Rand"] = 5300, ["Random_number"] = 5600, ["Random_page_in_category"] = 5600, ["Random_subpage"] = 7800, ["Ranking_movements"] = 4800, ["Rating"] = 102000, ["Rating-Christgau"] = 2700, ["Rayment"] = 2000, ["Rayment-hc"] = 6400, ["Razavi_Khorasan_Province"] = 2400, ["Rbox"] = 2200, ["Rcat_shell"] = 269000, ["Rcatsh"] = 9800, ["Rcatshell"] = 5900, ["Rcb"] = 10000, ["Rcr"] = 30000, ["Rcs"] = 4700, ["Re"] = 89000, ["Recent_AfDs"] = 5400, ["Recent_AfDs/core"] = 5400, ["Red"] = 54000, ["Redacted"] = 3200, ["Redirect"] = 62000, ["Redirect-Class"] = 13000, ["Redirect-distinguish"] = 5200, ["Redirect_category"] = 5000, ["Redirect_category_shell"] = 4160000, ["Redirect_from_modification"] = 3200, ["Redirect_from_move"] = 3700, ["Redirect_italic_title"] = 2100, ["Redirect_shell"] = 326000, ["Redirect_template"] = 7870000, ["Redirect_to_section"] = 3600, ["Redr"] = 9300, ["Ref"] = 24000, ["Ref."] = 2300, ["Ref_heading"] = 2600, ["Ref_improve"] = 2500, ["Ref_label"] = 13000, ["Refbegin"] = 225000, ["Refbegin/styles.css"] = 225000, ["Refend"] = 225000, ["Reference_column_heading"] = 11000, ["Reference_page"] = 80000, ["Refh"] = 4800, ["Refideas"] = 30000, ["Refimprove"] = 76000, ["Reflist"] = 6560000, ["Reflist-talk"] = 109000, ["Reflist-talk/styles.css"] = 110000, ["Reflist/styles.css"] = 6560000, ["Reflist_talk"] = 7900, ["Refn"] = 43000, ["Reftalk"] = 9500, ["Region_history_sidebar_title"] = 5900, ["Registration_required"] = 7800, ["Reign"] = 5800, ["Related_molecular_formulas"] = 2400, ["ReleaseVersionParameters"] = 2100, ["Release_version_parameters"] = 2100, ["Reliable_sources_for_medical_articles"] = 14000, ["Remove_accents"] = 9000, ["Remove_file_prefix"] = 2200, ["Remove_first_word"] = 190000, ["Remove_last_word"] = 21000, ["Repeat_vandal"] = 2700, ["Repeated_IP_abuse"] = 5200, ["Repeatvandal"] = 2200, ["Replace"] = 1130000, ["Reply"] = 24000, ["Reply_to"] = 372000, ["Replyto"] = 19000, ["Republican_Party_(US)/meta/shading"] = 19000, ["Reqmapin"] = 2500, ["Reqphoto"] = 71000, ["Request_and_endorse"] = 2500, ["Request_edit_button"] = 13000, ["Request_edit_button/styles.css"] = 13000, ["Requestandendorse"] = 2400, ["Resbox"] = 3400, ["Resize"] = 152000, ["Resizediv"] = 14000, ["Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1370000, ["Resolved"] = 18000, ["Respell"] = 24000, ["Respond"] = 76000, ["Resume-like"] = 4300, ["Retired"] = 11000, ["Retrieved"] = 3200, ["Reverse_date"] = 56000, ["Reviewer_topicon"] = 2700, ["RfA_watchlist_notice"] = 7300, ["Rfd_log_header"] = 7300, ["Ribbon_devices"] = 5200, ["Ribbon_devices/alt"] = 5200, ["Ribbon_devices/device"] = 4100, ["Ribbon_devices/device_layout"] = 4100, ["Ric"] = 17000, ["Right"] = 6600, ["Right-pointing_double_angles"] = 3000, ["Right_angles"] = 3000, ["Right_ascension"] = 11000, ["Rint"] = 31000, ["Rlp"] = 11000, ["Rlp/Positions"] = 11000, ["Rmri"] = 3900, ["Rnd"] = 8400, ["Rollback_topicon"] = 3300, ["Roman"] = 3600, ["Romania_metadata_Wikidata"] = 3200, ["RomanianSoccer"] = 2400, ["Rotten-tomatoes"] = 9100, ["Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 26000, ["Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500, ["Rotten_Tomatoes_prose"] = 6700, ["Round"] = 61000, ["Round4-with_third"] = 3500, ["Round_corners"] = 9600, ["Rounddown"] = 4100, ["RouteBox"] = 9600, ["Routemap"] = 30000, ["Routemap/embeded_text"] = 9400, ["Routemap/if_empty_codes"] = 5100, ["Routemap/styles.css"] = 31000, ["RoutemapRouteIcon"] = 4000, ["Row_hover_highlight"] = 2900, ["Row_hover_highlight/styles.css"] = 2900, ["Royal_Australian_Navy_ship"] = 6700, ["Royal_Canadian_Navy_ship"] = 5300, ["Royal_Mail_ship"] = 6400, ["Royal_Netherlands_Navy_ship"] = 3300, ["Rp"] = 76000, ["Rshell"] = 10000, ["Rtl-para"] = 2100, ["Rto"] = 3500, ["Ru"] = 3700, ["Ru-census"] = 7500, ["Ru-census2002"] = 5700, ["Ru-census2010"] = 7500, ["Ru-pop-ref"] = 9900, ["Rugby_box"] = 3600, ["Rugby_league_positions"] = 11000, ["Rugby_league_positions/Positions"] = 11000, ["Rugby_league_records"] = 2000, ["Rugby_league_squad2_coach"] = 2800, ["Rugby_union"] = 3700, ["Rugby_union_team"] = 5300, ["Rugby_union_team/link"] = 5300, ["Rugbybox"] = 3600, ["RussiaAdmMunRef"] = 5800, ["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata"] = 6700, ["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata/getQID"] = 6500, ["Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000, ["Rut"] = 5300, ["Rwd"] = 5000, ["Rws"] = 27000, ["Module:R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 204000, ["Module:Rail-interchange_multi"] = 15000, ["Module:Random"] = 13000, ["Module:Ranking_movements"] = 4800, ["Module:Ranking_movements/styles.css"] = 4800, ["Module:Redirect"] = 5000000, ["Module:Redirect-distinguish"] = 5200, ["Module:RedirectData"] = 48000, ["Module:Redirect_hatnote"] = 64000, ["Module:Redirect_template"] = 7870000, ["Module:Redirect_template_handler"] = 29000, ["Module:Reply_to"] = 372000, ["Module:ResolveEntityId"] = 504000, ["Module:Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1770000, ["Module:Respell"] = 24000, ["Module:RfD"] = 2400, ["Module:Rivals.com_recruit_url"] = 2500, ["Module:Road_data"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/RJL_types"] = 17000, ["Module:Road_data/banners/USA"] = 9500, ["Module:Road_data/browse"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/browsetable"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/browsetable/styles.css"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/countrymask"] = 36000, ["Module:Road_data/extra"] = 32000, ["Module:Road_data/locations"] = 12000, ["Module:Road_data/parser"] = 42000, ["Module:Road_data/parser/hooks"] = 20000, ["Module:Road_data/parser/namespace"] = 4300, ["Module:Road_data/size"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/ASIA"] = 9100, ["Module:Road_data/strings/CAN"] = 5000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/EUR"] = 5800, ["Module:Road_data/strings/IND"] = 2300, ["Module:Road_data/strings/JPN"] = 3500, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/GRR"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/NER"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Tour"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Trails"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/util"] = 43000, ["Module:Roman"] = 6400, ["Module:Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500, ["Module:RoundN"] = 13000, ["Module:Routemap"] = 31000, ["Module:Rugby_box"] = 3600, ["Module:Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000, } mmk1gcguztj7jade1pseoe0el736l7s 121098 121097 2026-09-04T22:07:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/R]] 121097 Scribunto text/plain return { ["R"] = 37000, ["R/ref"] = 37000, ["R/superscript"] = 113000, ["R/where"] = 113000, ["RA"] = 11000, ["RCS"] = 5500, ["REVISIONUSER2"] = 64000, ["RMS"] = 6400, ["RMnac"] = 3200, ["ROM"] = 2700, ["ROU"] = 7500, ["RSA"] = 5200, ["RSS-Atom_feed_notice"] = 222000, ["RTGS"] = 2900, ["RT_data"] = 4100, ["RUS"] = 15000, ["R_Wikidata"] = 2200, ["R_alt"] = 2900, ["R_ambig"] = 16000, ["R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 204000, ["R_cat_shell"] = 12000, ["R_category_shell"] = 15000, ["R_from_ASCII-only"] = 241000, ["R_from_ATC_code"] = 4700, ["R_from_ATCvet_code"] = 5400, ["R_from_British_English"] = 2700, ["R_from_DOI_prefix"] = 7700, ["R_from_IMO_number"] = 4500, ["R_from_ISO_4"] = 42000, ["R_from_ISO_4_abbreviation"] = 47000, ["R_from_ISO_639"] = 8800, ["R_from_ISO_639_code"] = 9000, ["R_from_NLM"] = 4600, ["R_from_NLM_abbreviation"] = 4700, ["R_from_UK_road"] = 3000, ["R_from_UN/LOCODE"] = 7100, ["R_from_US_postal_abbreviation"] = 44000, ["R_from_Unicode"] = 28000, ["R_from_Unicode_character"] = 32000, ["R_from_abbreviation"] = 27000, ["R_from_acronym"] = 3000, ["R_from_adjective"] = 7900, ["R_from_airport_code"] = 7000, ["R_from_album"] = 18000, ["R_from_alt_name"] = 5300, ["R_from_alternate_name"] = 21000, ["R_from_alternate_spelling"] = 7200, ["R_from_alternative_capitalisation"] = 9100, ["R_from_alternative_capitalization"] = 4600, ["R_from_alternative_disambiguation"] = 6300, ["R_from_alternative_hyphenation"] = 324000, ["R_from_alternative_language"] = 91000, ["R_from_alternative_name"] = 300000, ["R_from_alternative_punctuation"] = 33000, ["R_from_alternative_scientific_name"] = 160000, ["R_from_alternative_spacing"] = 16000, ["R_from_alternative_spelling"] = 80000, ["R_from_alternative_title"] = 10000, ["R_from_alternative_transliteration"] = 7400, ["R_from_ambiguous"] = 3000, ["R_from_ambiguous_page"] = 7800, ["R_from_ambiguous_sort_name"] = 40000, ["R_from_ambiguous_term"] = 53000, ["R_from_avoided_double_redirect"] = 7500, ["R_from_birth_name"] = 14000, ["R_from_book"] = 5500, ["R_from_case_citation"] = 3300, ["R_from_category_navigation"] = 4400, ["R_from_chemical_formula"] = 9200, ["R_from_comment_subpage"] = 22000, ["R_from_diacritic"] = 11000, ["R_from_diacritics"] = 2100, ["R_from_domain_name"] = 15000, ["R_from_draft"] = 4000, ["R_from_draft_namespace"] = 5900, ["R_from_drug_trade_name"] = 23000, ["R_from_emoji"] = 3400, ["R_from_fictional_character"] = 57000, ["R_from_fictional_element"] = 5700, ["R_from_fictional_location"] = 2400, ["R_from_film"] = 2100, ["R_from_former_name"] = 33000, ["R_from_full_name"] = 13000, ["R_from_gene_symbol"] = 11000, ["R_from_given_name"] = 3300, ["R_from_incomplete_disambiguation"] = 61000, ["R_from_incomplete_name"] = 2600, ["R_from_incorrect_disambiguation"] = 5700, ["R_from_incorrect_name"] = 14000, ["R_from_initialism"] = 27000, ["R_from_initials"] = 4200, ["R_from_legislation"] = 3300, ["R_from_less_specific_name"] = 5100, ["R_from_list_topic"] = 21000, ["R_from_long"] = 6600, ["R_from_long_name"] = 108000, ["R_from_longer_name"] = 17000, ["R_from_member"] = 6700, ["R_from_merge"] = 77000, ["R_from_miscapitalisation"] = 42000, ["R_from_miscapitalization"] = 5900, ["R_from_misspelling"] = 69000, ["R_from_modification"] = 465000, ["R_from_molecular_formula"] = 6800, ["R_from_monotypic_taxon"] = 8100, ["R_from_more_specific_geographic_name"] = 2800, ["R_from_more_specific_name"] = 6300, ["R_from_move"] = 3050000, ["R_from_move/except"] = 3050000, ["R_from_name_with_title"] = 6600, ["R_from_nickname"] = 3200, ["R_from_old_AfC_draft"] = 29000, ["R_from_other_capitalisation"] = 418000, ["R_from_other_capitalization"] = 6500, ["R_from_other_disambiguation"] = 21000, ["R_from_other_language"] = 2900, ["R_from_other_name"] = 8100, ["R_from_other_punctuation"] = 2000, ["R_from_other_spelling"] = 2800, ["R_from_person"] = 14000, ["R_from_personal_name"] = 3100, ["R_from_plural"] = 39000, ["R_from_product_name"] = 2600, ["R_from_pseudonym"] = 2900, ["R_from_railroad_name_with_ampersand"] = 2300, ["R_from_related_term"] = 2200, ["R_from_related_topic"] = 7100, ["R_from_related_word"] = 18000, ["R_from_remote_page"] = 12000, ["R_from_remote_talk_page"] = 30000, ["R_from_school"] = 3500, ["R_from_scientific_name"] = 36000, ["R_from_short"] = 5600, ["R_from_short_name"] = 117000, ["R_from_shortcut"] = 48000, ["R_from_shorter_name"] = 2500, ["R_from_shorter_title"] = 5200, ["R_from_song"] = 60000, ["R_from_sort_name"] = 188000, ["R_from_species_to_genus"] = 4800, ["R_from_stylization"] = 2000, ["R_from_subpage"] = 41000, ["R_from_subtopic"] = 83000, ["R_from_surname"] = 33000, ["R_from_symbol"] = 3100, ["R_from_synonym"] = 6500, ["R_from_taxonomic_synonym"] = 2500, ["R_from_television_episode"] = 63000, ["R_from_template_shortcut"] = 4700, ["R_from_title_with_diacritics"] = 5800, ["R_from_title_without_diacritics"] = 392000, ["R_from_trade_name"] = 23000, ["R_from_typo"] = 4000, ["R_from_unnecessary_disambiguation"] = 48000, ["R_from_work"] = 2800, ["R_from_year"] = 4100, ["R_hatnote"] = 3000, ["R_list_topic"] = 11000, ["R_mentioned_in_hatnote"] = 12000, ["R_miscap"] = 3000, ["R_move"] = 2300, ["R_printworthy"] = 94000, ["R_protected"] = 11000, ["R_protected/excon"] = 2600, ["R_protected/semi"] = 6300, ["R_sect"] = 3500, ["R_section"] = 24000, ["R_shell"] = 22000, ["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(,_Switzerland)"] = 2300, ["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(canton)"] = 3500, ["R_to_Swiss_municipality_2L"] = 2600, ["R_to_TV_episode_list_entry"] = 9100, ["R_to_alternative_scientific_name"] = 3200, ["R_to_anchor"] = 114000, ["R_to_category_namespace"] = 6600, ["R_to_century"] = 2700, ["R_to_diacritic"] = 422000, ["R_to_diacritics"] = 3900, ["R_to_disambiguation"] = 4000, ["R_to_disambiguation_page"] = 289000, ["R_to_list"] = 39000, ["R_to_list_entry"] = 94000, ["R_to_monotypic_taxon"] = 17000, ["R_to_plural"] = 4900, ["R_to_project"] = 2600, ["R_to_project_namespace"] = 26000, ["R_to_redirect_template"] = 4800, ["R_to_related_topic"] = 95000, ["R_to_scientific_name"] = 105000, ["R_to_section"] = 427000, ["R_to_short_name"] = 4400, ["R_to_stub_template"] = 5000, ["R_to_subpage"] = 8000, ["R_to_subtopic"] = 4200, ["R_to_transliteration"] = 15000, ["R_unprintworthy"] = 99000, ["R_with_Wikidata_item"] = 50000, ["R_with_history"] = 21000, ["R_with_possibilities"] = 127000, ["Racing-Reference_driver"] = 2900, ["Radio_Relay"] = 3600, ["Radio_formats"] = 11000, ["Rail-interchange"] = 42000, ["RailGauge"] = 10000, ["Rail_color"] = 38000, ["Rail_color_box"] = 15000, ["Rail_icon"] = 22000, ["Rail_line"] = 9700, ["Rail_navbox_titlestyle"] = 14000, ["Rail_pass_box"] = 18000, ["Rail_start"] = 2100, ["Rail_template_doc"] = 2300, ["Railway-routemap"] = 4600, ["Railway_division_link"] = 5000, ["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 3100, ["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 5300, ["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header/core"] = 5300, ["Rand"] = 5300, ["Random_number"] = 5600, ["Random_page_in_category"] = 5600, ["Random_subpage"] = 7800, ["Ranking_movements"] = 4800, ["Rating"] = 102000, ["Rating-Christgau"] = 2700, ["Rayment"] = 2000, ["Rayment-hc"] = 6400, ["Razavi_Khorasan_Province"] = 2400, ["Rbox"] = 2200, ["Rcat_shell"] = 269000, ["Rcatsh"] = 9800, ["Rcatshell"] = 5900, ["Rcb"] = 10000, ["Rcr"] = 30000, ["Rcs"] = 4700, ["Re"] = 89000, ["Recent_AfDs"] = 5400, ["Recent_AfDs/core"] = 5400, ["Red"] = 54000, ["Redacted"] = 3200, ["Redirect"] = 62000, ["Redirect-Class"] = 13000, ["Redirect-distinguish"] = 5200, ["Redirect_category"] = 5000, ["Redirect_category_shell"] = 4160000, ["Redirect_from_modification"] = 3200, ["Redirect_from_move"] = 3700, ["Redirect_italic_title"] = 2100, ["Redirect_shell"] = 326000, ["Redirect_template"] = 7870000, ["Redirect_to_section"] = 3600, ["Redr"] = 9300, ["Ref"] = 24000, ["Ref."] = 2300, ["Ref_heading"] = 2600, ["Ref_improve"] = 2500, ["Ref_label"] = 13000, ["Refbegin"] = 225000, ["Refbegin/styles.css"] = 225000, ["Refend"] = 225000, ["Reference_column_heading"] = 11000, ["Reference_page"] = 80000, ["Refh"] = 4800, ["Refideas"] = 30000, ["Refimprove"] = 76000, ["Reflist"] = 6560000, ["Reflist-talk"] = 109000, ["Reflist-talk/styles.css"] = 110000, ["Reflist/styles.css"] = 6560000, ["Reflist_talk"] = 7900, ["Refn"] = 43000, ["Reftalk"] = 9500, ["Region_history_sidebar_title"] = 5900, ["Registration_required"] = 7800, ["Reign"] = 5800, ["Related_molecular_formulas"] = 2400, ["ReleaseVersionParameters"] = 2100, ["Release_version_parameters"] = 2100, ["Reliable_sources_for_medical_articles"] = 14000, ["Remove_accents"] = 9000, ["Remove_file_prefix"] = 2200, ["Remove_first_word"] = 190000, ["Remove_last_word"] = 21000, ["Repeat_vandal"] = 2700, ["Repeated_IP_abuse"] = 5200, ["Repeatvandal"] = 2200, ["Replace"] = 1130000, ["Reply"] = 24000, ["Reply_to"] = 372000, ["Replyto"] = 19000, ["Republican_Party_(US)/meta/shading"] = 19000, ["Reqmapin"] = 2500, ["Reqphoto"] = 71000, ["Request_and_endorse"] = 2500, ["Request_edit_button"] = 13000, ["Request_edit_button/styles.css"] = 13000, ["Requestandendorse"] = 2400, ["Resbox"] = 3400, ["Resize"] = 152000, ["Resizediv"] = 14000, ["Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1370000, ["Resolved"] = 18000, ["Respell"] = 24000, ["Respond"] = 76000, ["Resume-like"] = 4300, ["Retired"] = 11000, ["Retrieved"] = 3200, ["Reverse_date"] = 56000, ["Reviewer_topicon"] = 2700, ["RfA_watchlist_notice"] = 7300, ["Rfd_log_header"] = 7300, ["Ribbon_devices"] = 5200, ["Ribbon_devices/alt"] = 5200, ["Ribbon_devices/device"] = 4100, ["Ribbon_devices/device_layout"] = 4100, ["Ric"] = 17000, ["Right"] = 6600, ["Right-pointing_double_angles"] = 3000, ["Right_angles"] = 3000, ["Right_ascension"] = 11000, ["Rint"] = 31000, ["Rlp"] = 11000, ["Rlp/Positions"] = 11000, ["Rmri"] = 3900, ["Rnd"] = 8400, ["Rollback_topicon"] = 3300, ["Roman"] = 3600, ["Romania_metadata_Wikidata"] = 3200, ["RomanianSoccer"] = 2400, ["Rotten-tomatoes"] = 9100, ["Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 26000, ["Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500, ["Rotten_Tomatoes_prose"] = 6700, ["Round"] = 61000, ["Round4-with_third"] = 3500, ["Round_corners"] = 9600, ["Rounddown"] = 4100, ["RouteBox"] = 9600, ["Routemap"] = 30000, ["Routemap/embeded_text"] = 9400, ["Routemap/if_empty_codes"] = 5100, ["Routemap/styles.css"] = 31000, ["RoutemapRouteIcon"] = 4000, ["Row_hover_highlight"] = 2900, ["Row_hover_highlight/styles.css"] = 2900, ["Royal_Australian_Navy_ship"] = 6700, ["Royal_Canadian_Navy_ship"] = 5300, ["Royal_Mail_ship"] = 6400, ["Royal_Netherlands_Navy_ship"] = 3300, ["Rp"] = 76000, ["Rshell"] = 10000, ["Rtl-para"] = 2100, ["Rto"] = 3500, ["Ru"] = 3700, ["Ru-census"] = 7500, ["Ru-census2002"] = 5700, ["Ru-census2010"] = 7500, ["Ru-pop-ref"] = 9900, ["Rugby_box"] = 3600, ["Rugby_league_positions"] = 11000, ["Rugby_league_positions/Positions"] = 11000, ["Rugby_league_records"] = 2000, ["Rugby_league_squad2_coach"] = 2800, ["Rugby_union"] = 3700, ["Rugby_union_team"] = 5300, ["Rugby_union_team/link"] = 5300, ["Rugbybox"] = 3600, ["RussiaAdmMunRef"] = 5800, ["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata"] = 6700, ["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata/getQID"] = 6500, ["Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000, ["Rut"] = 5300, ["Rwd"] = 5000, ["Rws"] = 27000, ["Module:R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 204000, ["Module:Rail-interchange_multi"] = 15000, ["Module:Random"] = 13000, ["Module:Ranking_movements"] = 4800, ["Module:Ranking_movements/styles.css"] = 4800, ["Module:Redirect"] = 5000000, ["Module:Redirect-distinguish"] = 5200, ["Module:RedirectData"] = 48000, ["Module:Redirect_hatnote"] = 64000, ["Module:Redirect_template"] = 7870000, ["Module:Redirect_template_handler"] = 29000, ["Module:Reply_to"] = 372000, ["Module:ResolveEntityId"] = 504000, ["Module:Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1770000, ["Module:Respell"] = 24000, ["Module:RfD"] = 2400, ["Module:Rivals.com_recruit_url"] = 2500, ["Module:Road_data"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/RJL_types"] = 17000, ["Module:Road_data/banners/USA"] = 9500, ["Module:Road_data/browse"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/browsetable"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/browsetable/styles.css"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/countrymask"] = 36000, ["Module:Road_data/extra"] = 32000, ["Module:Road_data/locations"] = 12000, ["Module:Road_data/parser"] = 42000, ["Module:Road_data/parser/hooks"] = 20000, ["Module:Road_data/parser/namespace"] = 4300, ["Module:Road_data/size"] = 18000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/ASIA"] = 9100, ["Module:Road_data/strings/CAN"] = 5000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/EUR"] = 5800, ["Module:Road_data/strings/IND"] = 2300, ["Module:Road_data/strings/JPN"] = 3500, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/GRR"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/NER"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Tour"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Trails"] = 21000, ["Module:Road_data/util"] = 43000, ["Module:Roman"] = 6400, ["Module:Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500, ["Module:RoundN"] = 13000, ["Module:Routemap"] = 31000, ["Module:Rugby_box"] = 3600, ["Module:Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000, } mmk1gcguztj7jade1pseoe0el736l7s 10 18234 121549 71731 2026-08-27T01:56:16Z en>PK2 0 add '[[Template:deprecated archival service]]' and link to '[[Wikipedia:archive.today guidance]]' 121549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates | title = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources|Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates]] | listclass = hlist | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | group1 = Sourcing | list1 = * {{Tlg|Circular}} * {{Tlg|Deprecated archival service}} * {{Tlg|Dubious}} * {{Tlg|Excessive citations}} * {{Tlg|Further reading cleanup}} * {{Tlg|Independent sources}} * {{Tlg|More citations needed}} ** {{Tlg|More citations needed section}} * {{Tlg|More footnotes needed}} * {{Tlg|No footnotes}} * {{Tlg|No reliable sources}} * {{Tlg|No significant coverage}} * {{Tlg|One source}} ** {{Tlg|One source section}} * {{Tlg|Only primary sources}} ** {{Tlg|NRIS only}} * {{Tlg|Primary sources}} ** {{Tlg|Primary sources section}} * {{Tlg|Religious text primary}} * {{Tlg|Self-published}} * {{Tlg|Self-reference cleanup}} * {{Tlg|Self-sourcing examples}} ** {{Tlg|Refexample section}} * {{Tlg|Sources exist}} * {{Tlg|Text-source}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced}} ** {{Tlg|Unreferenced section}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced category}} * {{Tlg|Unreliable sources}} ** {{Tlg|Unreliable sources section}} * {{tlg|User-generated}} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|BLP]]-specific | list2 = * {{Tlg|BLP unreferenced}} ** {{Tlg|BLP unreferenced section}} * {{Tlg|BLP primary sources}} * {{Tlg|BLP self-published}} * {{Tlg|BLP sources}} ** {{Tlg|BLP sources section}} * {{Tlg|BLP no footnotes}} * {{Tlg|BLP more footnotes needed}} * {{Tlg|BLP one source}} | group3 = Topic specific | list3 = * {{Tlg|Localist}} * {{Tlg|Media IMDb refimprove}} * {{Tlg|More medical citations needed}} * {{Tlg|More science citations needed}} * {{Tlg|Neologism}} * {{Tlg|Science review}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced law}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced medical section}} | group4 = Dispute-related | list4 = * {{Tlg|Cite check}} ** {{Tlg|Cite check section}} * {{Tlg|Content}} * {{Tlg|Disputed}} ** {{Tlg|Dispute about}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed section}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed chem}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed list}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed map}} * {{Tlg|Expert needed}} * {{Tlg|Hoax}} * {{Tlg|Original research}} ** {{Tlg|Original research section}} * {{Tlg|Speculation}} ** {{Tlg|Speculation section}} * {{Tlg|Synthesis}} * {{Tlg|Verifiability}} * {{Tlg|Verify sources}} | group5 = Citation improvements | list5 = * {{Tlg|Citation style}} * {{Tlg|Citations broken}} * {{Tlg|Cleanup bare URLs}} * {{Tlg|Format footnotes}} * {{Tlg|Full citations needed}} * {{Tlg|Ibid}} * {{Tlg|Page numbers improve}} * {{Tlg|Page numbers needed}} * {{Tlg|Parenthetical referencing}} * {{Tlg|Shallow references}} | group6 = General advice | list6 = * [[Wikipedia:archive.today guidance|archive.today guidance]] * [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|Citing sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|Reliable sources]] * [[Help:Maintenance template removal |Maintenance template removal]] * [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|Citation needed]] * [[Help:Find sources|Find sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Combining sources|Combining sources]] * [[Help:Overview of referencing styles|Referencing styles]] }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> ppadfnitzvpd1oe4emsgjpqwre6fr9b 121550 121549 2026-09-04T22:18:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Citation_and_verifiability_article_maintenance_templates]] 121549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates | title = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources|Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates]] | listclass = hlist | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | group1 = Sourcing | list1 = * {{Tlg|Circular}} * {{Tlg|Deprecated archival service}} * {{Tlg|Dubious}} * {{Tlg|Excessive citations}} * {{Tlg|Further reading cleanup}} * {{Tlg|Independent sources}} * {{Tlg|More citations needed}} ** {{Tlg|More citations needed section}} * {{Tlg|More footnotes needed}} * {{Tlg|No footnotes}} * {{Tlg|No reliable sources}} * {{Tlg|No significant coverage}} * {{Tlg|One source}} ** {{Tlg|One source section}} * {{Tlg|Only primary sources}} ** {{Tlg|NRIS only}} * {{Tlg|Primary sources}} ** {{Tlg|Primary sources section}} * {{Tlg|Religious text primary}} * {{Tlg|Self-published}} * {{Tlg|Self-reference cleanup}} * {{Tlg|Self-sourcing examples}} ** {{Tlg|Refexample section}} * {{Tlg|Sources exist}} * {{Tlg|Text-source}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced}} ** {{Tlg|Unreferenced section}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced category}} * {{Tlg|Unreliable sources}} ** {{Tlg|Unreliable sources section}} * {{tlg|User-generated}} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|BLP]]-specific | list2 = * {{Tlg|BLP unreferenced}} ** {{Tlg|BLP unreferenced section}} * {{Tlg|BLP primary sources}} * {{Tlg|BLP self-published}} * {{Tlg|BLP sources}} ** {{Tlg|BLP sources section}} * {{Tlg|BLP no footnotes}} * {{Tlg|BLP more footnotes needed}} * {{Tlg|BLP one source}} | group3 = Topic specific | list3 = * {{Tlg|Localist}} * {{Tlg|Media IMDb refimprove}} * {{Tlg|More medical citations needed}} * {{Tlg|More science citations needed}} * {{Tlg|Neologism}} * {{Tlg|Science review}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced law}} * {{Tlg|Unreferenced medical section}} | group4 = Dispute-related | list4 = * {{Tlg|Cite check}} ** {{Tlg|Cite check section}} * {{Tlg|Content}} * {{Tlg|Disputed}} ** {{Tlg|Dispute about}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed section}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed chem}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed list}} ** {{Tlg|Disputed map}} * {{Tlg|Expert needed}} * {{Tlg|Hoax}} * {{Tlg|Original research}} ** {{Tlg|Original research section}} * {{Tlg|Speculation}} ** {{Tlg|Speculation section}} * {{Tlg|Synthesis}} * {{Tlg|Verifiability}} * {{Tlg|Verify sources}} | group5 = Citation improvements | list5 = * {{Tlg|Citation style}} * {{Tlg|Citations broken}} * {{Tlg|Cleanup bare URLs}} * {{Tlg|Format footnotes}} * {{Tlg|Full citations needed}} * {{Tlg|Ibid}} * {{Tlg|Page numbers improve}} * {{Tlg|Page numbers needed}} * {{Tlg|Parenthetical referencing}} * {{Tlg|Shallow references}} | group6 = General advice | list6 = * [[Wikipedia:archive.today guidance|archive.today guidance]] * [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|Citing sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|Reliable sources]] * [[Help:Maintenance template removal |Maintenance template removal]] * [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|Citation needed]] * [[Help:Find sources|Find sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Combining sources|Combining sources]] * [[Help:Overview of referencing styles|Referencing styles]] }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> ppadfnitzvpd1oe4emsgjpqwre6fr9b 10 18246 121303 47596 2026-05-08T18:00:21Z en>MusikBot II 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Maybe]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 2500 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require extended confirmed access] (indefinite) [Move=Require extended confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121303 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FF8; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-maybe"|{{{1|Maybe}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> a2frx3j20kuec7fngd8cdx74gcbaq2y 121304 121303 2026-09-04T22:16:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Maybe]] 121303 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FF8; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-maybe"|{{{1|Maybe}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> a2frx3j20kuec7fngd8cdx74gcbaq2y 10 18247 121059 47598 2024-10-12T22:38:24Z en>HouseBlaster 0 HouseBlaster moved page [[Draft:Move/Phab]] to [[Template:Phab]] without leaving a redirect: finish [[WP:ROBIN]] move 121059 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Phabricator]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} 2v7b9zitfrr5ekac69clcxqz46nw1ow 121060 121059 2026-09-04T22:06:01Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Phab]] 121059 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Phabricator]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} {{R from template shortcut}} }} 2v7b9zitfrr5ekac69clcxqz46nw1ow 10 18248 121460 118946 2026-08-28T17:10:20Z en>BrandonXLF 0 Link to [[Help:Infinite parameters]] 121460 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Notice |style=margin-bottom:1.5em; |1=<span style="font-size:large;color:#9b527f;">Please do not post your requests or questions on this page. If you have questions about using Wikipedia, please ask at the '''[[Wikipedia:Help desk|help desk]]''' or the '''[[Wikipedia:Teahouse|Teahouse]]'''. For questions about subjects and topics, please use the '''[[Wikipedia:Reference desk|reference desk]]'''. 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page|How to create a page]] * [[Wikipedia:IRC|IRC]] ** [[Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Help:Mobile access|Mobile access]] * [[Help:Multilingual support|Multilingual support]] * [[Help:Page history|Page history]] * [[Help:Page information|Page information]] * [[Wikipedia:Page name|Page name]] ** [[Help:Page name|Help]] * [[Help:Printing|Printing]] * [[Wikipedia:Software notices|Software notices]] ** [[Wikipedia:Editnotice|Editnotice]] * [[Help:Special characters|Special characters]] ** [[Help:Entering special characters|Entering]] * [[Wikipedia:User access levels|User access levels]] * [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] ** [[Help:VisualEditor|Help]] | group2 = [[Special:SpecialPages|Special<br />page]]–related | list2 = * [[Help:Special page|Special page help]] * [[Help:AllPages|AllPages]] * [[Wikipedia:Edit filter|Edit filter]] * [[Wikipedia:Emailing users|Emailing users]] * [[Help:Logging in|Logging in]] ** [[Help:Reset password|Reset passwords]] * [[Help:Log|Logs]] * [[Wikipedia:Moving a page|Moving a page]] ** [[Wikipedia:History merging|History merging]] ** [[Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"|Non-admin and admin-only page moves]] * [[Help:Notifications|Notifications/Echo]] ** [[Help:Notifications/FAQ|FAQ]] * [[Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help|Page Curation]] * [[Help:Import|Page import]] * [[Wikipedia:Pending changes|Pending changes]] * [[Wikipedia:Random|Random pages]] * [[Help:Recent changes|Recent changes]] * [[Help:Related changes|Related changes]] * [[Help:Searching|Searching]] ** [[Help:Linksearch|Linksearch]] * [[Wikipedia:Tags|Tags]] * [[Help:User contributions|User contributions]] * [[Help:Watchlist|Watchlist]] * [[Help:What links here|What links here]] | group3 = [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] | list3 = * [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] ** [[Help:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Help:Columns|Columns]] * [[Help:Line-break handling|Line-break handling]] * [[Help:List|Lists]] * [[Help:Magic words|Magic words]] ** [[Help:Magic words for beginners|For beginners]] ** [[Help:Conditional expressions|Conditional expressions]] ** [[Help:Switch parser function|Switch parser function]] ** [[Help:Time function|Time function]] * [[Help:Redirect|Redirects]] * [[Help:Section|Sections and TOCs]] * [[Help:Table|Tables]] ** [[Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1|Introduction]] ** [[Help:Basic table markup|Basics]] ** [[Help:Advanced table formatting|Advanced table formatting]] ** [[Help:Collapsing tables and more|Collapsing]] ** [[Help:Conditional tables|Conditional tables]] ** [[Help:Sortable tables|Sortable tables]] * [[Help:Using colours|Using colours]] | group4 = [[Help:Link|Links]] and [[Help:Diff|diffs]] | list4 = * [[Help:Link|Links]] ** [[Help:Interlanguage links|Interlanguage]] ** [[Help:Interwiki linking|Interwiki]] ** [[Help:Permanent link|Permanent]] * [[Help:Diff|Diffs]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide|Simplest diff guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide|Simple diff and link guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide|Complete diff and link guide]] * [[Help:Colon trick|Colon trick]] * [[Help:Link color|Link color]] * [[Help:Pipe trick|Pipe trick]] * [[Help:URL|URLs]] | group5 = [[Help:Media|Media files]] | list5 = * [[Help:Media|Media help]] * [[Help:Files|Files]] ** [[Help:Creation and usage of media files|Creation and usage]] ** [[Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons|Moving files to Commons]] * [[Wikipedia:Images|Images]] ** [[Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1|Introduction to images]] ** [[Help:Pictures|Picture tutorial]] ** [[Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload|Preparing images for upload]] ** [[Wikipedia:Uploading images|Uploading images]] ** [[Help:Options to hide an image|Options to hide an image]] ** [[Wikipedia:Extended image syntax|Extended image syntax]] ** [[Wikipedia:SVG help|SVG help]] * [[Help:Gallery tag|Gallery tag]] * [[Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials|Graphics tutorials]] ** [[Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing|Basic bitmap image editing]] ** [[Wikipedia:How to improve image quality|How to improve image quality]] ** [[Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources|Graphics Lab resources]] * [[Help:Sound file markup|Sound file markup]] * [[Help:Visual file markup|Visual file markup]] | group6 = Other graphics | list6 = * [[Help:Family trees|Family trees]] * [[Wikipedia:Graphs and charts|Graphs and charts]] ** [[Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles|How to create]] ** [[Help:Barchart|Barcharts]] ** [[Wikipedia:To scale charts|To scale charts]] * [[Help:Displaying a formula|Math formulas]] ** [[Help:Displaying a formula#Use of HTML templates|Math symbols]] * [[Help:Score|Musical scores]] ** [[Help:Musical symbols|Musical symbols]] * [[Wikipedia:Timeline|Timeline]] ** [[Help:EasyTimeline syntax|EasyTimeline syntax]] * [[Help:WikiHiero syntax|WikiHiero syntax]] | group7 = [[Help:A quick guide to templates|Templates]] and<br />[[Lua]] modules | list7 = * [[Help:Template|Templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Advanced template coding|Advanced template coding]] * [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|Template documentation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index|Template index]] * [[Help:Template limits|Template limits]] * [[Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases|Template sandbox and test cases]] * [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Citation templates]] * [[Help:Lua|Lua help]] * [[Wikipedia:Lua|Lua project]] ** [[Wikipedia:Lua/Resources|Resources]] ** [[Wikipedia:Lua/To do|To do]] * [[Help:Substitution|Substitution]] * [[Help:Purge|Purge]] ** [[Help:Job queue|Job queue]] * [[Help:Transclusion|Transclusion]] ** [[Help:Labeled section transclusion|Labeled section]] ** [[Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits|Costs and benefits]] * [[Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling|Guide to Scribbling]] * [[Help:Infinite parameters|Infinite parameters]] | group8 = [[Wikipedia:Administration#Data structure and development|Data structure]] | list8 = * [[Wikipedia:Namespace|Namespaces]] * [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|Main/Article]] * [[Help:Category|Category]] * [[Wikipedia:Drafts|Draft]] * [[Help:Files|File]] ** [[Help:File description page|File description page]] * [[Wikipedia:Help namespace|Help]] * [[Wikipedia:Portal|Portal]] * [[Wikipedia:Project namespace|Project/Wikipedia]] * [[Help:Talk pages|Talk]] ** [[Help:Archiving a talk page|Archiving]] ***[[Help:Archiving (plain and simple)|Simple]] * [[Wikipedia:Template namespace|Template]] * [[Wikipedia:User pages|User]] ** [[Wikipedia:User page design guide|User page design]] * [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki]] ** [[Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests|Bug reports and feature requests]] ** [[mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler|TimedMediaHandler extension]] * [[Wikipedia:Lua|Module]] * [[Help:Special page|Special]] | group9 = [[HTML]] and [[CSS]] | list9 = * [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets|Cascading Style Sheets]] * [[Help:HTML in wikitext|HTML in wikitext]] * [[Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css|Common.js and common.css]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes|Classes in microformats]] * [[Help:Markup validation|Markup validation]] * [[Wikipedia:Span tags|Span tags]] * [[Help:Useful styles|Useful styles]] | group10 = [[Wikipedia:Customisation|Customisation]]<br />and tools | list10 = * [[Help:Preferences|Preferences]] * [[Wikipedia:Gadget|Gadgets]] * [[Wikipedia:Skin|Skins]] * [[Help:Citation tools|Citation tools]] * [[Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools|Cleaning up vandalism tools]] * [[Wikipedia:Customizing watchlists|Customizing watchlists]] ** [[Help:Hide Pages in Watchlist|Hide pages]] * [[Wikipedia:Scripts|IRC Scripts]] * [[Wikipedia:User scripts|User scripts]] ** [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Guide|Guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:User scripts/List|List]] ** [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Techniques|Techniques]] ** [[Help:Safe mode|Safe mode]] * [[Help:User style|User style]] * [[Wikipedia:Tools|Tools]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative browsing|Alternative browsing]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Browser tools|Browser tools]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Editing tools|Editing tools]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation shortcuts|Navigation shortcuts]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum tool set|Optimum tool set]] * [[Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services|Wikimedia Cloud Services]] * [[mw:Beta Features|Beta Features at MediaWiki]] | group11 = Automated editing | list11 = * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script|AfC helper script]] * [[Wikipedia:AntiVandal|AntiVandal]] * [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AutoWikiBrowser]] * [[Wikipedia:Bots|Bots]] ** [[Help:Creating a bot|Creating]] **[[Wikipedia:History of Wikipedia bots|history]] * [[Wikipedia:HotCat|HotCat]] * [[Wikipedia:Huggle|Huggle]] * [[Wikipedia:Interceptor|Interceptor]] * [[Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups|Navigation popups]] * [[Wikipedia:RedWarn|RedWarn]] * [[Wikipedia:Twinkle|Twinkle]] * [[Wikipedia:Ultraviolet|Ultraviolet]] * [[Wikipedia:WPCleaner|WPCleaner]] * Inactive ** [[Wikipedia:igloo|igloo]] ** [[Wikipedia:STiki|STiki]] | below = * See also: '''[[:Category:Wikipedia how-to]]''' * '''[[:Category:Wikipedia information pages]]'''<br />Further navigation at: [[Template:Wikipedia help pages|Help pages]] ** [[Template:Administrators' guide|Administrators]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu|Accessibility]] * [[Template:Wikipedia accounts|Accounts]] * [[Template:Botnav|Bots]] * [[Template:Wikipedia referencing|Referencing]] ** [[Template:Citation metadata navbox|Citation metadata]] * [[Template:Wikipedia templates|Templates]] * [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox|User scripts]] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis in Wikidata, not here! --> </noinclude> qhl35rbnm29pqh5qbnfhq6bi3qzxufm 121463 121460 2026-09-04T22:17:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Wikipedia_technical_help]] 121460 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Notice |style=margin-bottom:1.5em; |1=<span style="font-size:large;color:#9b527f;">Please do not post your requests or questions on this page. If you have questions about using Wikipedia, please ask at the '''[[Wikipedia:Help desk|help desk]]''' or the '''[[Wikipedia:Teahouse|Teahouse]]'''. For questions about subjects and topics, please use the '''[[Wikipedia:Reference desk|reference desk]]'''. Volunteers at these locations will respond to your questions as soon as possible.</span>}}</noinclude><!-- -->{{#invoke:navbox|navbox | name = Wikipedia technical help | title = [[Help:Directory#Technical help|Wikipedia technical help]] | state = {{{state<includeonly>|{{{1|autocollapse}}}</includeonly>}}} | basestyle = text-align: center; | bodyclass = hlist | above = '''Get personal technical help at [[Wikipedia:Teahouse|the Teahouse]], [[Wikipedia:Help desk|help desk]], [[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)|village pump (technical)]], [[Help:Introduction to talk pages/1|talk pages]], or [[Wikipedia:IRC|IRC]].''' | group1 = [[Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical|General<br />technical help]] | list1 = * [[Wikipedia:Bypass your cache|Bypass cache]] * [[Help:Keyboard shortcuts|Keyboard shortcuts]] * [[Help:Editing|Editing]] ** [[Help:CharInsert|CharInsert]] ** [[Help:Edit conflict|Edit conflict]] ** [[Help:Edit toolbar|Edit toolbar]] ** [[Help:Reverting|Reverting]] * [[Wikipedia:How to create a page|How to create a page]] * [[Wikipedia:IRC|IRC]] ** [[Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Help:Mobile access|Mobile access]] * [[Help:Multilingual support|Multilingual support]] * [[Help:Page history|Page history]] * [[Help:Page information|Page information]] * [[Wikipedia:Page name|Page name]] ** [[Help:Page name|Help]] * [[Help:Printing|Printing]] * [[Wikipedia:Software notices|Software notices]] ** [[Wikipedia:Editnotice|Editnotice]] * [[Help:Special characters|Special characters]] ** [[Help:Entering special characters|Entering]] * [[Wikipedia:User access levels|User access levels]] * [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] ** [[Help:VisualEditor|Help]] | group2 = [[Special:SpecialPages|Special<br />page]]–related | list2 = * [[Help:Special page|Special page help]] * [[Help:AllPages|AllPages]] * [[Wikipedia:Edit filter|Edit filter]] * [[Wikipedia:Emailing users|Emailing users]] * [[Help:Logging in|Logging in]] ** [[Help:Reset password|Reset passwords]] * [[Help:Log|Logs]] * [[Wikipedia:Moving a page|Moving a page]] ** [[Wikipedia:History merging|History merging]] ** [[Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"|Non-admin and admin-only page moves]] * [[Help:Notifications|Notifications/Echo]] ** [[Help:Notifications/FAQ|FAQ]] * [[Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help|Page Curation]] * [[Help:Import|Page import]] * [[Wikipedia:Pending changes|Pending changes]] * [[Wikipedia:Random|Random pages]] * [[Help:Recent changes|Recent changes]] * [[Help:Related changes|Related changes]] * [[Help:Searching|Searching]] ** [[Help:Linksearch|Linksearch]] * [[Wikipedia:Tags|Tags]] * [[Help:User contributions|User contributions]] * [[Help:Watchlist|Watchlist]] * [[Help:What links here|What links here]] | group3 = [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] | list3 = * [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] ** [[Help:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Help:Columns|Columns]] * [[Help:Line-break handling|Line-break handling]] * [[Help:List|Lists]] * [[Help:Magic words|Magic words]] ** [[Help:Magic words for beginners|For beginners]] ** [[Help:Conditional expressions|Conditional expressions]] ** [[Help:Switch parser function|Switch parser function]] ** [[Help:Time function|Time function]] * [[Help:Redirect|Redirects]] * [[Help:Section|Sections and TOCs]] * [[Help:Table|Tables]] ** [[Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1|Introduction]] ** [[Help:Basic table markup|Basics]] ** [[Help:Advanced table formatting|Advanced table formatting]] ** [[Help:Collapsing tables and more|Collapsing]] ** [[Help:Conditional tables|Conditional tables]] ** [[Help:Sortable tables|Sortable tables]] * [[Help:Using colours|Using colours]] | group4 = [[Help:Link|Links]] and [[Help:Diff|diffs]] | list4 = * [[Help:Link|Links]] ** [[Help:Interlanguage links|Interlanguage]] ** [[Help:Interwiki linking|Interwiki]] ** [[Help:Permanent link|Permanent]] * [[Help:Diff|Diffs]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide|Simplest diff guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide|Simple diff and link guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide|Complete diff and link guide]] * [[Help:Colon trick|Colon trick]] * [[Help:Link color|Link color]] * [[Help:Pipe trick|Pipe trick]] * [[Help:URL|URLs]] | group5 = [[Help:Media|Media files]] | list5 = * [[Help:Media|Media help]] * [[Help:Files|Files]] ** [[Help:Creation and usage of media files|Creation and usage]] ** [[Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons|Moving files to Commons]] * [[Wikipedia:Images|Images]] ** [[Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1|Introduction to images]] ** [[Help:Pictures|Picture tutorial]] ** [[Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload|Preparing images for upload]] ** [[Wikipedia:Uploading images|Uploading images]] ** [[Help:Options to hide an image|Options to hide an image]] ** [[Wikipedia:Extended image syntax|Extended image syntax]] ** [[Wikipedia:SVG help|SVG help]] * [[Help:Gallery tag|Gallery tag]] * [[Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials|Graphics tutorials]] ** [[Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing|Basic bitmap image editing]] ** [[Wikipedia:How to improve image quality|How to improve image quality]] ** [[Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources|Graphics Lab resources]] * [[Help:Sound file markup|Sound file markup]] * [[Help:Visual file markup|Visual file markup]] | group6 = Other graphics | list6 = * [[Help:Family trees|Family trees]] * [[Wikipedia:Graphs and charts|Graphs and charts]] ** [[Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles|How to create]] ** [[Help:Barchart|Barcharts]] ** [[Wikipedia:To scale charts|To scale charts]] * [[Help:Displaying a formula|Math formulas]] ** [[Help:Displaying a formula#Use of HTML templates|Math symbols]] * [[Help:Score|Musical scores]] ** [[Help:Musical symbols|Musical symbols]] * [[Wikipedia:Timeline|Timeline]] ** [[Help:EasyTimeline syntax|EasyTimeline syntax]] * [[Help:WikiHiero syntax|WikiHiero syntax]] | group7 = [[Help:A quick guide to templates|Templates]] and<br />[[Lua]] modules | list7 = * [[Help:Template|Templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Advanced template coding|Advanced template coding]] * [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|Template documentation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index|Template index]] * [[Help:Template limits|Template limits]] * [[Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases|Template sandbox and test cases]] * [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Citation templates]] * [[Help:Lua|Lua help]] * [[Wikipedia:Lua|Lua project]] ** [[Wikipedia:Lua/Resources|Resources]] ** [[Wikipedia:Lua/To do|To do]] * [[Help:Substitution|Substitution]] * [[Help:Purge|Purge]] ** [[Help:Job queue|Job queue]] * [[Help:Transclusion|Transclusion]] ** [[Help:Labeled section transclusion|Labeled section]] ** [[Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits|Costs and benefits]] * [[Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling|Guide to Scribbling]] * [[Help:Infinite parameters|Infinite parameters]] | group8 = [[Wikipedia:Administration#Data structure and development|Data structure]] | list8 = * [[Wikipedia:Namespace|Namespaces]] * [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|Main/Article]] * [[Help:Category|Category]] * [[Wikipedia:Drafts|Draft]] * [[Help:Files|File]] ** [[Help:File description page|File description page]] * [[Wikipedia:Help namespace|Help]] * [[Wikipedia:Portal|Portal]] * [[Wikipedia:Project namespace|Project/Wikipedia]] * [[Help:Talk pages|Talk]] ** [[Help:Archiving a talk page|Archiving]] ***[[Help:Archiving (plain and simple)|Simple]] * [[Wikipedia:Template namespace|Template]] * [[Wikipedia:User pages|User]] ** [[Wikipedia:User page design guide|User page design]] * [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki]] ** [[Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests|Bug reports and feature requests]] ** [[mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler|TimedMediaHandler extension]] * [[Wikipedia:Lua|Module]] * [[Help:Special page|Special]] | group9 = [[HTML]] and [[CSS]] | list9 = * [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets|Cascading Style Sheets]] * [[Help:HTML in wikitext|HTML in wikitext]] * [[Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css|Common.js and common.css]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes|Classes in microformats]] * [[Help:Markup validation|Markup validation]] * [[Wikipedia:Span tags|Span tags]] * [[Help:Useful styles|Useful styles]] | group10 = [[Wikipedia:Customisation|Customisation]]<br />and tools | list10 = * [[Help:Preferences|Preferences]] * [[Wikipedia:Gadget|Gadgets]] * [[Wikipedia:Skin|Skins]] * [[Help:Citation tools|Citation tools]] * [[Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools|Cleaning up vandalism tools]] * [[Wikipedia:Customizing watchlists|Customizing watchlists]] ** [[Help:Hide Pages in Watchlist|Hide pages]] * [[Wikipedia:Scripts|IRC Scripts]] * [[Wikipedia:User scripts|User scripts]] ** [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Guide|Guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:User scripts/List|List]] ** [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Techniques|Techniques]] ** [[Help:Safe mode|Safe mode]] * [[Help:User style|User style]] * [[Wikipedia:Tools|Tools]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative browsing|Alternative browsing]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Browser tools|Browser tools]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Editing tools|Editing tools]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation shortcuts|Navigation shortcuts]] ** [[Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum tool set|Optimum tool set]] * [[Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services|Wikimedia Cloud Services]] * [[mw:Beta Features|Beta Features at MediaWiki]] | group11 = Automated editing | list11 = * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script|AfC helper script]] * [[Wikipedia:AntiVandal|AntiVandal]] * [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AutoWikiBrowser]] * [[Wikipedia:Bots|Bots]] ** [[Help:Creating a bot|Creating]] **[[Wikipedia:History of Wikipedia bots|history]] * [[Wikipedia:HotCat|HotCat]] * [[Wikipedia:Huggle|Huggle]] * [[Wikipedia:Interceptor|Interceptor]] * [[Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups|Navigation popups]] * [[Wikipedia:RedWarn|RedWarn]] * [[Wikipedia:Twinkle|Twinkle]] * [[Wikipedia:Ultraviolet|Ultraviolet]] * [[Wikipedia:WPCleaner|WPCleaner]] * Inactive ** [[Wikipedia:igloo|igloo]] ** [[Wikipedia:STiki|STiki]] | below = * See also: '''[[:Category:Wikipedia how-to]]''' * '''[[:Category:Wikipedia information pages]]'''<br />Further navigation at: [[Template:Wikipedia help pages|Help pages]] ** [[Template:Administrators' guide|Administrators]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu|Accessibility]] * [[Template:Wikipedia accounts|Accounts]] * [[Template:Botnav|Bots]] * [[Template:Wikipedia referencing|Referencing]] ** [[Template:Citation metadata navbox|Citation metadata]] * [[Template:Wikipedia templates|Templates]] * [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox|User scripts]] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis in Wikidata, not here! --> </noinclude> qhl35rbnm29pqh5qbnfhq6bi3qzxufm 10 18249 121464 118948 2026-08-22T17:11:16Z en>Andrybak 0 remove unnecessary "id" attribute for the <inputbox> tag (see also [[mw:Extension:InputBox]]); clean up wikitext 121464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:navbox|navbox | name = Wikipedia templates | state = {{{state<includeonly>|{{{1|autocollapse}}}</includeonly>}}} | bodyclass = hlist | title = [[Wikipedia:Template index|Wikipedia templates]] | group10 = Main namespace | list10 = * [[Wikipedia:Template index/General|General]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|Cleanup]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources|Verifiability and sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Disputes|Disputes]] * [[Wikipedia:Hatnote|Hatnotes]] * [[Wikipedia:List of infoboxes|Infoboxes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Links|Links]] ** [[:Category:External link templates|External link templates]] ** [[Wikipedia:Inline templates linking country articles|Linking country articles]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Lists|Lists]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Main page and alternatives|Main page]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Section|Section]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles|Sources of articles]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles/Citation quick reference|Quick reference]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Standard boxes|Standard boxes]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types|Stub types]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Translation|Translation]] | group20 = Other namespaces | list20 = * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Compact tables of contents|Compact TOC]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace|Category]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/File namespace|File]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Talk namespace|Talk]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Template namespace|Template]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/User namespace|User]] ** [[Wikipedia:Userboxes|Userboxes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/User talk namespace|User talk]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Wikipedia namespace|Wikipedia]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/WikiProject banners|WikiProject banners]] | group30 = All namespaces | list30 = * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Deletion|Deletion]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Speedy deletion|Speedy]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Format|Formatting]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Maintenance|Maintenance]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Merging|Merging]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Moving|Moving]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Moving/Requested|Requested]] * [[Wikipedia:Navigation template|Navigation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages|Redirect pages]] ** [[:Template:R template index|Functional index]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect language codes|Language codes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Splitting|Splitting]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Translation|Translation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Work in progress|Work in progress]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Sister projects|Wikimedia sister projects]] | group40 = Navboxes<br/>with templates | list40 = * [[Template:Templates for archiving|Archiving]] * [[Template:Afd see also documentation|Articles for deletion]] * [[Template:Birth, death and age templates|Birth, death and age]] * [[Template:Button templates|Button]] * [[Template:Other category-header templates|Category header]] * [[Template:Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates|Citation and verifiability]] * [[Template:Citation Style 1|Citation Style 1]] * [[Template:DRV see also documentation|Deletion review]] * [[Template:Editnotice templates|Editnotice]] * [[Template:Hatnote templates|Hatnotes]] * [[Template:Help desk templates navbox|Help desk]] * [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|Inline cleanup]] * [[Template:Introduction cleanup templates|Introduction cleanup]] * [[Template:IPA templates|IPA]] * [[Template:Math templates|Math]] * [[Template:Notice and warning templates|Notice and warnings]] * [[Template:Organization infoboxes|Organization infoboxes]] * [[Template:Pam see also documentation|Proposed article mergers]] * [[Template:Protection templates|Protection]] * [[Template:Quotation templates|Quotation]] * [[Template:R template index|Redirects]] * [[Template:Search templates|Search]] * [[Template:Semantic markup templates|Semantics]] * [[Template:Speedy deletion navbox|Speedy deletion]] ** [[Template:Speedy deletion notices|Notices]] * [[Template:String-handling templates|String-handling]] * [[Template:Sup and sub-related templates|Sup and sub-related]] * [[Template:Top icon templates|Top icon]] * [[Template:Transwiki maintenance|Transwiki maintenance]] * [[Template:Unicode templates|Unicode]] * [[Template:User talk pages|User talk pages]] * [[Template:User noticeboard notices|User noticeboard notices]] * [[Template:WikiProject Userboxes navbox|Userboxes]] ** [[Template:User rights templates|User rights]] * [[Template:Userspace linking templates|Userspace linking]] * [[Template:Userspace disclaimers|Userspace disclaimers]] * [[Template:Wikibreak templates|Wikibreak]] * [[Template:WikiLove see also|WikiLove]] | group50 = Inline images | list50 = *[[Template:Icon|Wikipedia icons]] *[[Wikipedia:List of discussion templates|Discussion icons]] *[[Template:Done/See also|Comment icons]] *[[Template:Emoji|Emoji]] | group55= Help pages | list55 = * [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|Template documentation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Examples|Examples of templates]] * [[Help:Maintenance template removal|Maintenance template removal]] * [[Wikipedia:Requested templates|Requested templates]] * [[Help:Template|Template help]] ** [[Help:A quick guide to templates|Quick guide]] * [[Wikipedia:Favorite templates|Favorite templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Template namespace|Template namespace]] | group60= Related topics | list60 = *[[Template:Wikipedia editor navigation templates|Editor navigation templates]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Templates|WikiProject Templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index|Index]] ** [[:Category:Wikipedia templates|Category]] | group70 = Search | list70 = <inputbox> type=fulltext width = 25 namespaces=Template** searchbuttonlabel=Search templates break=no placeholder= e.g. Infoboxes </inputbox> | belowstyle = font-weight:bold; | below = * {{#invoke:Icon|main|CAT}} [[:Category:Wikipedia templates|Category]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> j81h3g9nie2aj5m0ynavmg53wg0aeuc 121467 121464 2026-09-04T22:17:41Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Wikipedia_templates]] 121464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:navbox|navbox | name = Wikipedia templates | state = {{{state<includeonly>|{{{1|autocollapse}}}</includeonly>}}} | bodyclass = hlist | title = [[Wikipedia:Template index|Wikipedia templates]] | group10 = Main namespace | list10 = * [[Wikipedia:Template index/General|General]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|Cleanup]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources|Verifiability and sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Disputes|Disputes]] * [[Wikipedia:Hatnote|Hatnotes]] * [[Wikipedia:List of infoboxes|Infoboxes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Links|Links]] ** [[:Category:External link templates|External link templates]] ** [[Wikipedia:Inline templates linking country articles|Linking country articles]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Lists|Lists]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Main page and alternatives|Main page]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Section|Section]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles|Sources of articles]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles/Citation quick reference|Quick reference]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Standard boxes|Standard boxes]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types|Stub types]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Translation|Translation]] | group20 = Other namespaces | list20 = * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Compact tables of contents|Compact TOC]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace|Category]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/File namespace|File]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Talk namespace|Talk]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Template namespace|Template]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/User namespace|User]] ** [[Wikipedia:Userboxes|Userboxes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/User talk namespace|User talk]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Wikipedia namespace|Wikipedia]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/WikiProject banners|WikiProject banners]] | group30 = All namespaces | list30 = * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Deletion|Deletion]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Speedy deletion|Speedy]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Format|Formatting]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Maintenance|Maintenance]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Merging|Merging]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Moving|Moving]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Moving/Requested|Requested]] * [[Wikipedia:Navigation template|Navigation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages|Redirect pages]] ** [[:Template:R template index|Functional index]] ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect language codes|Language codes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Splitting|Splitting]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Translation|Translation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Work in progress|Work in progress]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Sister projects|Wikimedia sister projects]] | group40 = Navboxes<br/>with templates | list40 = * [[Template:Templates for archiving|Archiving]] * [[Template:Afd see also documentation|Articles for deletion]] * [[Template:Birth, death and age templates|Birth, death and age]] * [[Template:Button templates|Button]] * [[Template:Other category-header templates|Category header]] * [[Template:Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates|Citation and verifiability]] * [[Template:Citation Style 1|Citation Style 1]] * [[Template:DRV see also documentation|Deletion review]] * [[Template:Editnotice templates|Editnotice]] * [[Template:Hatnote templates|Hatnotes]] * [[Template:Help desk templates navbox|Help desk]] * [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|Inline cleanup]] * [[Template:Introduction cleanup templates|Introduction cleanup]] * [[Template:IPA templates|IPA]] * [[Template:Math templates|Math]] * [[Template:Notice and warning templates|Notice and warnings]] * [[Template:Organization infoboxes|Organization infoboxes]] * [[Template:Pam see also documentation|Proposed article mergers]] * [[Template:Protection templates|Protection]] * [[Template:Quotation templates|Quotation]] * [[Template:R template index|Redirects]] * [[Template:Search templates|Search]] * [[Template:Semantic markup templates|Semantics]] * [[Template:Speedy deletion navbox|Speedy deletion]] ** [[Template:Speedy deletion notices|Notices]] * [[Template:String-handling templates|String-handling]] * [[Template:Sup and sub-related templates|Sup and sub-related]] * [[Template:Top icon templates|Top icon]] * [[Template:Transwiki maintenance|Transwiki maintenance]] * [[Template:Unicode templates|Unicode]] * [[Template:User talk pages|User talk pages]] * [[Template:User noticeboard notices|User noticeboard notices]] * [[Template:WikiProject Userboxes navbox|Userboxes]] ** [[Template:User rights templates|User rights]] * [[Template:Userspace linking templates|Userspace linking]] * [[Template:Userspace disclaimers|Userspace disclaimers]] * [[Template:Wikibreak templates|Wikibreak]] * [[Template:WikiLove see also|WikiLove]] | group50 = Inline images | list50 = *[[Template:Icon|Wikipedia icons]] *[[Wikipedia:List of discussion templates|Discussion icons]] *[[Template:Done/See also|Comment icons]] *[[Template:Emoji|Emoji]] | group55= Help pages | list55 = * [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|Template documentation]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Examples|Examples of templates]] * [[Help:Maintenance template removal|Maintenance template removal]] * [[Wikipedia:Requested templates|Requested templates]] * [[Help:Template|Template help]] ** [[Help:A quick guide to templates|Quick guide]] * [[Wikipedia:Favorite templates|Favorite templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Template namespace|Template namespace]] | group60= Related topics | list60 = *[[Template:Wikipedia editor navigation templates|Editor navigation templates]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Templates|WikiProject Templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index|Index]] ** [[:Category:Wikipedia templates|Category]] | group70 = Search | list70 = <inputbox> type=fulltext width = 25 namespaces=Template** searchbuttonlabel=Search templates break=no placeholder= e.g. Infoboxes </inputbox> | belowstyle = font-weight:bold; | below = * {{#invoke:Icon|main|CAT}} [[:Category:Wikipedia templates|Category]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> j81h3g9nie2aj5m0ynavmg53wg0aeuc 10 18265 121233 51411 2026-01-18T00:57:44Z en>Jonesey95 0 restore span to end of text; the change is causing too many Linter errors. People will just have to be concise. 121233 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span class="nowrap">[[File:{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#switch:{{{1|{{{icon|}}}}}} |blackcheck = Black check.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert |bluebrokenplus = Symbol unsupport2 vote.svg |bluecheck2 = Cornflower blue check.svg |bluecheck = Artículo bueno-blue.svg |blueclock = Pictogram voting wait blue.svg |blueplus = Symbol support2 vote.svg |deferred = Symbol deferred.svg |greencheck2 = Yes check.svg |greencheck = Symbol confirmed.svg |greenclock = Pictogram voting wait green.svg |greenplus = Symbol support vote.svg |greybrokenplus = Symbol unsupport vote.svg |greyexclamation = Pictogram voting comment.svg |info=Symbol information vote.svg |minus = Symbol declined.svg |neutral = Symbol neutral vote.svg |orangeclock = Pictogram voting wait orange.svg |orangeexclamation = Ambox important.svg |redexclamation = Ambox important red.svg |pinkclock = Pictogram voting wait pink.svg |question2 = Symbol question.svg |question = Pictogram voting question.svg |wait = Symbol_wait.svg |xmark2 = X mark.svg |xmark = Symbol unrelated.svg |yellowcheck = Yellow check.svg |yellowclock = Pictogram voting wait.svg |{{{1|{{{icon|Pictogram voting question.svg}}}}}}}}|{{{size|18px}}}|alt={{{alt|}}}]] <b>{{{2|{{{text|Response}}}}}}</b></span></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> e46u9jzzi433zezrmzbfconxvbngmv9 121234 121233 2026-09-04T22:14:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Respond]] 121233 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span class="nowrap">[[File:{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#switch:{{{1|{{{icon|}}}}}} |blackcheck = Black check.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert |bluebrokenplus = Symbol unsupport2 vote.svg |bluecheck2 = Cornflower blue check.svg |bluecheck = Artículo bueno-blue.svg |blueclock = Pictogram voting wait blue.svg |blueplus = Symbol support2 vote.svg |deferred = Symbol deferred.svg |greencheck2 = Yes check.svg |greencheck = Symbol confirmed.svg |greenclock = Pictogram voting wait green.svg |greenplus = Symbol support vote.svg |greybrokenplus = Symbol unsupport vote.svg |greyexclamation = Pictogram voting comment.svg |info=Symbol information vote.svg |minus = Symbol declined.svg |neutral = Symbol neutral vote.svg |orangeclock = Pictogram voting wait orange.svg |orangeexclamation = Ambox important.svg |redexclamation = Ambox important red.svg |pinkclock = Pictogram voting wait pink.svg |question2 = Symbol question.svg |question = Pictogram voting question.svg |wait = Symbol_wait.svg |xmark2 = X mark.svg |xmark = Symbol unrelated.svg |yellowcheck = Yellow check.svg |yellowclock = Pictogram voting wait.svg |{{{1|{{{icon|Pictogram voting question.svg}}}}}}}}|{{{size|18px}}}|alt={{{alt|}}}]] <b>{{{2|{{{text|Response}}}}}}</b></span></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> e46u9jzzi433zezrmzbfconxvbngmv9 828 19118 121017 101555 2026-08-30T05:09:40Z en>Ahechtbot 0 [[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page. 121017 Scribunto text/plain return { ["H-phrases"] = 4300, ["HABS"] = 2700, ["HAER"] = 2500, ["HDS"] = 4600, ["HD_Radio"] = 2200, ["HD_color"] = 2900, ["HKG"] = 3600, ["HMAS"] = 6700, ["HMCS"] = 5300, ["HMS"] = 38000, ["HNLMS"] = 3300, ["HOUR"] = 2300, ["HRV"] = 7100, ["HUN"] = 12000, ["HWYACR"] = 59000, ["Hab"] = 14000, ["Hair_space"] = 7800, ["HanCinema_person"] = 2000, ["Handbook_of_Texas"] = 2100, ["Hansard-contribs"] = 9400, ["Harv"] = 6000, ["Harvard_citation"] = 6300, ["Harvard_citation_no_brackets"] = 55000, ["Harvard_citation_text"] = 7900, ["Harvard_citation_year_brackets"] = 6200, ["Harvid"] = 77000, ["Harvnb"] = 53000, ["Harvp"] = 6100, ["Harvtxt"] = 7200, ["HasTemplate"] = 115000, ["Has_short_description"] = 804000, ["Hat"] = 14000, ["Hatnote"] = 807000, ["Hatnote_group"] = 2300, ["Hatnote_inline"] = 3000, ["Height"] = 88000, ["Help_me-helped"] = 16000, ["Helpbox"] = 3100, ["Helpbox/styles.css"] = 3100, ["Helpme-helped"] = 2100, ["Hex2dec"] = 2200, ["Hidden"] = 287000, ["Hidden/FC"] = 3700, ["Hidden_archive_bottom"] = 14000, ["Hidden_archive_top"] = 14000, ["Hidden_archive_top/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Hidden_begin"] = 343000, ["Hidden_begin/styles.css"] = 343000, ["Hidden_category"] = 6800, ["Hidden_end"] = 343000, ["Hidden_ping"] = 5500, ["Hidden_sort_key"] = 22000, ["Hide"] = 2000, ["High-Class"] = 15000, ["High-importance"] = 16000, ["High-use"] = 13000, ["Highlight"] = 8200, ["Highlight/core"] = 8400, ["Highlight_round"] = 4400, ["Highlight_round/styles.css"] = 4400, ["Hilite"] = 2300, ["Historic_Environment_Scotland"] = 3800, ["Historical"] = 25000, ["Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland"] = 5100, ["Historical_populations"] = 61000, ["History"] = 7600, ["History_icon"] = 8500, ["History_icon2"] = 8500, ["Hlist"] = 310000, ["Hlist/styles.css"] = 9230000, ["Hmbox"] = 30000, ["Hmbox/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Hndis"] = 77000, ["Hong_Kong_English"] = 3600, ["Horizontal_TOC"] = 7400, ["Horizontal_TOC/styles.css"] = 7400, ["HoursElapsed"] = 34000, ["Hours_elapsed"] = 34000, ["How_to_request_photo_in"] = 3000, ["Howtoreqphotoin"] = 2800, ["Hr"] = 6900, ["Hs"] = 22000, ["Hsp"] = 5000, ["Huge"] = 2200, ["Hugman"] = 7600, ["Human_name_disambiguation"] = 82000, ["Human_readable_duration"] = 36000, ["Humor"] = 4400, ["Hurricane_season_bar"] = 2400, ["Hurricane_season_bar/button"] = 2400, ["Hurricane_season_bar/styles.css"] = 2400, ["Hurricane_status_small"] = 2400, ["Höhe"] = 2000, ["Module:HTMLDecode"] = 865000, ["Module:Hatnote"] = 2200000, ["Module:Hatnote/styles.css"] = 2200000, ["Module:Hatnote_group"] = 2300, ["Module:Hatnote_inline"] = 3100, ["Module:Hatnote_list"] = 1280000, ["Module:Hidden_ping"] = 5500, ["Module:High-use"] = 64000, ["Module:Highest_archive_number"] = 347000, ["Module:Historical_populations"] = 61000, ["Module:Historical_populations/styles.css"] = 61000, ["Module:Hms"] = 252000, } rs1likirckbllcxogrqjx0amw73ixo5 121018 121017 2026-09-04T22:04:37Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/H]] 121017 Scribunto text/plain return { ["H-phrases"] = 4300, ["HABS"] = 2700, ["HAER"] = 2500, ["HDS"] = 4600, ["HD_Radio"] = 2200, ["HD_color"] = 2900, ["HKG"] = 3600, ["HMAS"] = 6700, ["HMCS"] = 5300, ["HMS"] = 38000, ["HNLMS"] = 3300, ["HOUR"] = 2300, ["HRV"] = 7100, ["HUN"] = 12000, ["HWYACR"] = 59000, ["Hab"] = 14000, ["Hair_space"] = 7800, ["HanCinema_person"] = 2000, ["Handbook_of_Texas"] = 2100, ["Hansard-contribs"] = 9400, ["Harv"] = 6000, ["Harvard_citation"] = 6300, ["Harvard_citation_no_brackets"] = 55000, ["Harvard_citation_text"] = 7900, ["Harvard_citation_year_brackets"] = 6200, ["Harvid"] = 77000, ["Harvnb"] = 53000, ["Harvp"] = 6100, ["Harvtxt"] = 7200, ["HasTemplate"] = 115000, ["Has_short_description"] = 804000, ["Hat"] = 14000, ["Hatnote"] = 807000, ["Hatnote_group"] = 2300, ["Hatnote_inline"] = 3000, ["Height"] = 88000, ["Help_me-helped"] = 16000, ["Helpbox"] = 3100, ["Helpbox/styles.css"] = 3100, ["Helpme-helped"] = 2100, ["Hex2dec"] = 2200, ["Hidden"] = 287000, ["Hidden/FC"] = 3700, ["Hidden_archive_bottom"] = 14000, ["Hidden_archive_top"] = 14000, ["Hidden_archive_top/styles.css"] = 14000, ["Hidden_begin"] = 343000, ["Hidden_begin/styles.css"] = 343000, ["Hidden_category"] = 6800, ["Hidden_end"] = 343000, ["Hidden_ping"] = 5500, ["Hidden_sort_key"] = 22000, ["Hide"] = 2000, ["High-Class"] = 15000, ["High-importance"] = 16000, ["High-use"] = 13000, ["Highlight"] = 8200, ["Highlight/core"] = 8400, ["Highlight_round"] = 4400, ["Highlight_round/styles.css"] = 4400, ["Hilite"] = 2300, ["Historic_Environment_Scotland"] = 3800, ["Historical"] = 25000, ["Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland"] = 5100, ["Historical_populations"] = 61000, ["History"] = 7600, ["History_icon"] = 8500, ["History_icon2"] = 8500, ["Hlist"] = 310000, ["Hlist/styles.css"] = 9230000, ["Hmbox"] = 30000, ["Hmbox/styles.css"] = 30000, ["Hndis"] = 77000, ["Hong_Kong_English"] = 3600, ["Horizontal_TOC"] = 7400, ["Horizontal_TOC/styles.css"] = 7400, ["HoursElapsed"] = 34000, ["Hours_elapsed"] = 34000, ["How_to_request_photo_in"] = 3000, ["Howtoreqphotoin"] = 2800, ["Hr"] = 6900, ["Hs"] = 22000, ["Hsp"] = 5000, ["Huge"] = 2200, ["Hugman"] = 7600, ["Human_name_disambiguation"] = 82000, ["Human_readable_duration"] = 36000, ["Humor"] = 4400, ["Hurricane_season_bar"] = 2400, ["Hurricane_season_bar/button"] = 2400, ["Hurricane_season_bar/styles.css"] = 2400, ["Hurricane_status_small"] = 2400, ["Höhe"] = 2000, ["Module:HTMLDecode"] = 865000, ["Module:Hatnote"] = 2200000, ["Module:Hatnote/styles.css"] = 2200000, ["Module:Hatnote_group"] = 2300, ["Module:Hatnote_inline"] = 3100, ["Module:Hatnote_list"] = 1280000, ["Module:Hidden_ping"] = 5500, ["Module:High-use"] = 64000, ["Module:Highest_archive_number"] = 347000, ["Module:Historical_populations"] = 61000, ["Module:Historical_populations/styles.css"] = 61000, ["Module:Hms"] = 252000, } rs1likirckbllcxogrqjx0amw73ixo5 10 19127 121545 49434 2024-05-22T19:22:36Z en>SilverLocust 0 safesubst 121545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude/>#invoke:icon|link}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> laziz53pk64f56hbi1f4x07wapkwht1 121546 121545 2026-09-04T22:18:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Icon_link]] 121545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude/>#invoke:icon|link}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> laziz53pk64f56hbi1f4x07wapkwht1 10 19128 121551 70981 2026-07-19T10:32:03Z en>HudecEmil 0 Failed replication 121551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Inline cleanup tags | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | bodyclass = hlist | title = Inline cleanup tags | evenodd = off | group1 = Attribution | list1 = * {{tl|According to whom}} * {{tl|Among whom}} * {{tl|Attribution needed}} * {{tl|By what}} * {{tl|By whom}} * {{tl|For whom}} * {{tl|From whom?}} * {{tl|Like whom?}} * {{tl|To whom?}} * {{tl|Who}} * {{tl|Whose}} * {{tl|With whom}} | group2 = Clarity | list2 = * {{tl|Ambiguous}} * {{tl|Circular definition}} * {{tl|Clarify}} * {{tl|Clarify span}} * {{tl|Clarify timeframe}} * {{tl|Context inline}} * {{tl|Expand acronym}} * {{tl|Incomprehensible inline}} * {{tl|Incomprehensible span}} * {{tl|Key needed}} * {{tl|Non sequitur}} * {{tl|Sentence fragment}} * {{tl|Sic?}} * {{tl|Which calendar}} * {{tl|Which lang}} | group3 = Miscellaneous | list3 = * {{tl|Chinese script needed inline}} * {{tl|Chinese script needed inline span}} * {{tl|Cleanup inline}} * {{tl|Copyvio}} * {{tl|Copyvio link}} * {{tl|Data missing}} * {{tl|Disambiguation needed}} * {{tl|External links inline}} * {{tl|Improve caption}} * {{tl|Japanese script needed inline}} * {{tl|MisleadingNameLink}} * {{tl|Needs IPA}} * {{tl|Not English inline}} * {{tl|Not in body}} * {{tl|Original research inline}} * {{tl|Original research span}} * {{tl|Pronunciation needed}} * {{tl|Qualify evidence}} * {{tl|Romanization needed}} * {{tl|Script needed inline}} * {{tl|Spam link}} * {{tl|Synthesis inline}} * {{tl|Synthesis span}} * {{tl|Typo help inline}} * {{tl|Under discussion inline}} * {{tl|Verify spelling}} * {{tl|Whose translation}} | group4 = Neutrality | list4 = * {{tl|Buzzword inline}} * {{tl|Compared to?}} * {{tl|Contentious label inline}} * {{tl|Editorializing}} * {{tl|Fact or opinion}} * {{tl|Opinion}} * {{tl|Peacock inline}} * {{tl|POV statement}} * {{tl|Promotion inline}} * {{tl|Unbalanced opinion}} * {{tl|Weasel inline}} | group5 = Precision | list5 = {{Navbox |child | evenodd = off | list1 = * {{tl|By how much}} * {{tl|Definition}} * {{tl|Definition span}} * {{tl|Definition needed}} * {{tl|Example needed}} * {{tl|Example needed span}} * {{tl|Explain}} * {{tl|Explain-wrap}} * {{tl|From where}} * {{tl|How}} * {{tl|How often}} * {{tl|Misquoted}} * {{tl|More detail needed}} * {{tl|Of what}} * {{tl|Quantify}} * {{tl|Specify}} * {{tl|Vague}} * {{tl|When}} * {{tl|Where}} * {{tl|Where-geo}} * {{tl|Which}} * {{tl|Who else}} * {{tl|Why}} * {{tl|Year needed}} | group2 = Excessive | list2 = * {{tl|Duplication span}} * {{tl|Globalize inline}} * {{tl|Importance example}} * {{tl|Importance inline}} * {{tl|Infobox clutter}} * {{tl|List entry too long}} * {{tl|Long quote}} * {{tl|Off topic paragraph}} * {{tl|Off topic sentence}} * {{tl|Overly detailed inline}} * {{tl|Over-explained}} * {{tl|Relevance inline}} * {{tl|Undue weight inline}} }} | group6 = Time-sensitivity | list6 = * {{tl|Anachronism inline}} * {{tl|As of?}} * {{tl|Clarify timeframe}} * {{tl|Current event inline}} * {{tl|Is this date calibrated?}} * {{tl|Outdated statistic}} * {{tl|Until when}} * {{tl|Update after}} * {{tl|Update inline}} * {{tl|Update span}} | group7 = Verifiability | list7 = {{Navbox|child | evenodd = off | groupstyle = white-space: normal; | group1 = Dubious | list1 = * {{tl|Contradictory inline}} * {{tl|Discuss}} * {{tl|Disputed inline}} * {{tl|Dubious}} * {{tl|Dubious span}} * {{tl|Inconsistent}} * {{tl|Needs independent confirmation}} * {{tl|Speculation inline}} | group2 = [[WP:Bare URLs|Bare URLs]] | list2 = * {{tl|Bare URL inline}} * {{tl|Bare URL AV media}} * {{tl|Bare URL DOC}} * {{tl|Bare URL image}} * {{tl|Bare URL non-HTML}} * {{tl|Bare URL PDF}} * {{tl|Bare URL plain text}} * {{tl|Bare URL spreadsheet}} | group3 = Incomplete or broken citation | list3 = * {{tl|Author incomplete}} * {{tl|Author missing}} * {{tl|Broken footnote}} * {{tl|Date missing}} * {{tl|Dead link}} * {{tl|Dead YouTube link}} * {{tl|Deep link needed}} * {{tl|Edition needed}} * {{tl|Episode needed}} * {{tl|Full citation needed}} * {{tl|Incomplete short citation}} * {{tl|ISBN missing}} * {{tl|Missing long citation}} * {{tl|Moved resource}} * {{tl|Page needed}} * {{tl|Pages needed}} * {{tl|Permanent dead link}} * {{tl|Place missing}} * {{tl|Publisher missing}} * {{tl|Season needed}} * {{tl|Time needed}} * {{tl|Title incomplete}} * {{tl|Title missing}} * {{tl|Unused source}} * {{tl|Volume needed}} * {{tl|Year missing}} | group4 = Missing or problematic reference | list4 = * {{tl|Additional citation needed}} * {{tl|AI-generated inline}} * {{tl|AI-generated source?}} * {{tl|AI-retrieved source}} * {{tl|Better source needed}} * {{tl|Better source needed example}} * {{tl|Check quotation}} * {{tl|Chronology citation needed}} * {{tl|Circular reference}} * {{tl|Circular reporting}} * {{tl|Citation needed}} * {{tl|Citation needed span}} * {{tl|Citation needed paragraph}} * {{tl|Citation not found}} * {{tl|Close paraphrasing inline}} * {{tl|COI source}} * {{tl|Deprecated inline}} * {{tl|Excessive citations inline}} * {{tl|Failed replication}} * {{tl|Failed verification}} * {{tl|Failed verification span}} * {{tl|Image reference needed}} * {{tl|Independent source inline}} * {{tl|Irrelevant citation}} * {{tl|Marketing material}} * {{tl|Medical citation needed}} * {{tl|Medical citation needed span}} * {{tl|Misplaced footnote}} * {{tl|Nonspecific}} * {{tl|Not verified in body}} * {{tl|Not verified in body span}} * {{tl|Obsolete source}} * {{tl|Page range too broad}} * {{tl|Primary source inline}} * {{tl|Promotional source}} * {{tl|Quote without source}} * {{tl|Request quotation}} * {{tl|Request quotation span}} * {{tl|Retracted}} * {{tl|Scientific citation needed}} * {{tl|Self-published inline}} * {{tl|Self-published source}} * {{tl|Shallow reference inline}} * {{tl|Tertiary source inline}} * {{tl|Text-source inline}} * {{tl|Unreliable source?}} * {{tl|Unreliable fringe source}} * {{tl|Unreliable medical source}} * {{tl|Unreliable scientific source}} * {{tl|User-generated inline}} * {{tl|User-generated source}} * {{tl|Verify quote}} * {{tl|Verify source}} * {{tl|Whose quote}} }} | group8 = Wording | list8 = * {{tl|Buzzword inline}} * {{tl|Colloquialism}} * {{tl|Copy edit inline}} * {{tl|Copy edit span}} * {{tl|Idiom}} * {{tl|Neologism inline}} * {{tl|Technical inline}} * {{tl|Tone inline}} | group9 = General advice | list9 = * [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|Citing sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|Reliable sources]] * [[Help:Maintenance template removal |Maintenance template removal]] * [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|Citation needed]] * [[Help:Find sources|Find sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Combining sources|Combining sources]] * [[Help:Overview of referencing styles|Referencing styles]] | belowstyle = font-weight:bold; | below = * {{icon|Category}} {{Category link without namespace|Inline cleanup templates}} * {{icon link|WikiProject|Wikipedia:WikiProject Inline Templates|WikiProject Inline Templates}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> nh35a4fk2wzfjkxt7z31dnlhegw5g2a 121552 121551 2026-09-04T22:18:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Inline_cleanup_tags]] 121551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Inline cleanup tags | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | bodyclass = hlist | title = Inline cleanup tags | evenodd = off | group1 = Attribution | list1 = * {{tl|According to whom}} * {{tl|Among whom}} * {{tl|Attribution needed}} * {{tl|By what}} * {{tl|By whom}} * {{tl|For whom}} * {{tl|From whom?}} * {{tl|Like whom?}} * {{tl|To whom?}} * {{tl|Who}} * {{tl|Whose}} * {{tl|With whom}} | group2 = Clarity | list2 = * {{tl|Ambiguous}} * {{tl|Circular definition}} * {{tl|Clarify}} * {{tl|Clarify span}} * {{tl|Clarify timeframe}} * {{tl|Context inline}} * {{tl|Expand acronym}} * {{tl|Incomprehensible inline}} * {{tl|Incomprehensible span}} * {{tl|Key needed}} * {{tl|Non sequitur}} * {{tl|Sentence fragment}} * {{tl|Sic?}} * {{tl|Which calendar}} * {{tl|Which lang}} | group3 = Miscellaneous | list3 = * {{tl|Chinese script needed inline}} * {{tl|Chinese script needed inline span}} * {{tl|Cleanup inline}} * {{tl|Copyvio}} * {{tl|Copyvio link}} * {{tl|Data missing}} * {{tl|Disambiguation needed}} * {{tl|External links inline}} * {{tl|Improve caption}} * {{tl|Japanese script needed inline}} * {{tl|MisleadingNameLink}} * {{tl|Needs IPA}} * {{tl|Not English inline}} * {{tl|Not in body}} * {{tl|Original research inline}} * {{tl|Original research span}} * {{tl|Pronunciation needed}} * {{tl|Qualify evidence}} * {{tl|Romanization needed}} * {{tl|Script needed inline}} * {{tl|Spam link}} * {{tl|Synthesis inline}} * {{tl|Synthesis span}} * {{tl|Typo help inline}} * {{tl|Under discussion inline}} * {{tl|Verify spelling}} * {{tl|Whose translation}} | group4 = Neutrality | list4 = * {{tl|Buzzword inline}} * {{tl|Compared to?}} * {{tl|Contentious label inline}} * {{tl|Editorializing}} * {{tl|Fact or opinion}} * {{tl|Opinion}} * {{tl|Peacock inline}} * {{tl|POV statement}} * {{tl|Promotion inline}} * {{tl|Unbalanced opinion}} * {{tl|Weasel inline}} | group5 = Precision | list5 = {{Navbox |child | evenodd = off | list1 = * {{tl|By how much}} * {{tl|Definition}} * {{tl|Definition span}} * {{tl|Definition needed}} * {{tl|Example needed}} * {{tl|Example needed span}} * {{tl|Explain}} * {{tl|Explain-wrap}} * {{tl|From where}} * {{tl|How}} * {{tl|How often}} * {{tl|Misquoted}} * {{tl|More detail needed}} * {{tl|Of what}} * {{tl|Quantify}} * {{tl|Specify}} * {{tl|Vague}} * {{tl|When}} * {{tl|Where}} * {{tl|Where-geo}} * {{tl|Which}} * {{tl|Who else}} * {{tl|Why}} * {{tl|Year needed}} | group2 = Excessive | list2 = * {{tl|Duplication span}} * {{tl|Globalize inline}} * {{tl|Importance example}} * {{tl|Importance inline}} * {{tl|Infobox clutter}} * {{tl|List entry too long}} * {{tl|Long quote}} * {{tl|Off topic paragraph}} * {{tl|Off topic sentence}} * {{tl|Overly detailed inline}} * {{tl|Over-explained}} * {{tl|Relevance inline}} * {{tl|Undue weight inline}} }} | group6 = Time-sensitivity | list6 = * {{tl|Anachronism inline}} * {{tl|As of?}} * {{tl|Clarify timeframe}} * {{tl|Current event inline}} * {{tl|Is this date calibrated?}} * {{tl|Outdated statistic}} * {{tl|Until when}} * {{tl|Update after}} * {{tl|Update inline}} * {{tl|Update span}} | group7 = Verifiability | list7 = {{Navbox|child | evenodd = off | groupstyle = white-space: normal; | group1 = Dubious | list1 = * {{tl|Contradictory inline}} * {{tl|Discuss}} * {{tl|Disputed inline}} * {{tl|Dubious}} * {{tl|Dubious span}} * {{tl|Inconsistent}} * {{tl|Needs independent confirmation}} * {{tl|Speculation inline}} | group2 = [[WP:Bare URLs|Bare URLs]] | list2 = * {{tl|Bare URL inline}} * {{tl|Bare URL AV media}} * {{tl|Bare URL DOC}} * {{tl|Bare URL image}} * {{tl|Bare URL non-HTML}} * {{tl|Bare URL PDF}} * {{tl|Bare URL plain text}} * {{tl|Bare URL spreadsheet}} | group3 = Incomplete or broken citation | list3 = * {{tl|Author incomplete}} * {{tl|Author missing}} * {{tl|Broken footnote}} * {{tl|Date missing}} * {{tl|Dead link}} * {{tl|Dead YouTube link}} * {{tl|Deep link needed}} * {{tl|Edition needed}} * {{tl|Episode needed}} * {{tl|Full citation needed}} * {{tl|Incomplete short citation}} * {{tl|ISBN missing}} * {{tl|Missing long citation}} * {{tl|Moved resource}} * {{tl|Page needed}} * {{tl|Pages needed}} * {{tl|Permanent dead link}} * {{tl|Place missing}} * {{tl|Publisher missing}} * {{tl|Season needed}} * {{tl|Time needed}} * {{tl|Title incomplete}} * {{tl|Title missing}} * {{tl|Unused source}} * {{tl|Volume needed}} * {{tl|Year missing}} | group4 = Missing or problematic reference | list4 = * {{tl|Additional citation needed}} * {{tl|AI-generated inline}} * {{tl|AI-generated source?}} * {{tl|AI-retrieved source}} * {{tl|Better source needed}} * {{tl|Better source needed example}} * {{tl|Check quotation}} * {{tl|Chronology citation needed}} * {{tl|Circular reference}} * {{tl|Circular reporting}} * {{tl|Citation needed}} * {{tl|Citation needed span}} * {{tl|Citation needed paragraph}} * {{tl|Citation not found}} * {{tl|Close paraphrasing inline}} * {{tl|COI source}} * {{tl|Deprecated inline}} * {{tl|Excessive citations inline}} * {{tl|Failed replication}} * {{tl|Failed verification}} * {{tl|Failed verification span}} * {{tl|Image reference needed}} * {{tl|Independent source inline}} * {{tl|Irrelevant citation}} * {{tl|Marketing material}} * {{tl|Medical citation needed}} * {{tl|Medical citation needed span}} * {{tl|Misplaced footnote}} * {{tl|Nonspecific}} * {{tl|Not verified in body}} * {{tl|Not verified in body span}} * {{tl|Obsolete source}} * {{tl|Page range too broad}} * {{tl|Primary source inline}} * {{tl|Promotional source}} * {{tl|Quote without source}} * {{tl|Request quotation}} * {{tl|Request quotation span}} * {{tl|Retracted}} * {{tl|Scientific citation needed}} * {{tl|Self-published inline}} * {{tl|Self-published source}} * {{tl|Shallow reference inline}} * {{tl|Tertiary source inline}} * {{tl|Text-source inline}} * {{tl|Unreliable source?}} * {{tl|Unreliable fringe source}} * {{tl|Unreliable medical source}} * {{tl|Unreliable scientific source}} * {{tl|User-generated inline}} * {{tl|User-generated source}} * {{tl|Verify quote}} * {{tl|Verify source}} * {{tl|Whose quote}} }} | group8 = Wording | list8 = * {{tl|Buzzword inline}} * {{tl|Colloquialism}} * {{tl|Copy edit inline}} * {{tl|Copy edit span}} * {{tl|Idiom}} * {{tl|Neologism inline}} * {{tl|Technical inline}} * {{tl|Tone inline}} | group9 = General advice | list9 = * [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|Citing sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|Reliable sources]] * [[Help:Maintenance template removal |Maintenance template removal]] * [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|Citation needed]] * [[Help:Find sources|Find sources]] * [[Wikipedia:Combining sources|Combining sources]] * [[Help:Overview of referencing styles|Referencing styles]] | belowstyle = font-weight:bold; | below = * {{icon|Category}} {{Category link without namespace|Inline cleanup templates}} * {{icon link|WikiProject|Wikipedia:WikiProject Inline Templates|WikiProject Inline Templates}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> nh35a4fk2wzfjkxt7z31dnlhegw5g2a 0 19343 121593 115561 2026-09-05T00:37:45Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:1|2|0 */ 121593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{good article}} Sumu za ku [[Malawi]] zikufuma ku ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Britain]], Africa, na America. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakendanga nyengo yitali ndipo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu vyaru vinyake. Cimoza mwa vinthu ivyo vikapangiska kuti sumu za ku Malawi zikwane ni Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose. Paumaliro wa nkhondo, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakondwanga na magulu gha ŵakwimba gitala na banjo. Vyakuimbira vyose viŵiri vikafuma ku vyaru vinyake. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu migodi ya ku South Africa na Mozambique nawo ŵakasangananga na kwimba sumu zakupambanapambana.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |last=Jecks |first=Nikki |date=2009-08-06 |title=Reviving Malawi's music heritage |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8185971.stm |access-date=2012-01-29 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Pa nyengo iyo charu cha Malawi chikaŵa pasi pa muwuso wa ŵasilikari, ŵakwimba ŵakumanyikwa ŵakaŵa ŵachoko chomene. Yumoza wa ŵakwimba aŵa wakaŵa Tony Bird, uyo wakababikira ku Nyasaland ndipo wakimbanga sumu zakususkana na boma la Malawi. Sumu zake zikulongosoreka kuti zikukolerana na mitheto ya ku Malawi na Afrikaans. Kawonekero kake kakamupangiska kuti walute na Ladysmith Black Mambazo mu ma 1980. Mu nyengo ya Pulezidenti Hastings Banda, boma la Malawi likakanizga sumu izo likati ni za kugonana panji za ndyali. Ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵachoko waka awo ŵakamanyikwanga pa charu chose ŵanjire mu vyaru ivi kufuma mu 1964 m'paka 1994. Ndipouli, pamanyuma pa mavoti ghakwamba gha vyaru vinandi mu 1994, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kwimba pa wumba. Kwambira mu 1994, ŵanthu ŵakutemwa comene sumu kweniso ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa. Chifukwa cha nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵakakanizganga sumu, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Malawi awo ŵakamba kwimba ŵakaŵa ŵawukirano. Ŵalendo nga ni Young Kay ŵakukhozgeka na ŵantchito ŵaphya ndipo ŵakugwira nchito pamoza kupeleka umanyi uphya ku Malawi.<ref>{{cite web |author=malawimoto says |date=2010-08-19 |title=Jamati Online &#124; Malawian Music has no identity |url=http://www.jamati.com/online/music/malawi-music-has-no-identity/ |access-date=2012-01-29 |publisher=Jamati.com}}</ref> Ŵaluso ŵanandi ŵa ku malo agha ŵakumanyikwa pa caru cose. Ŵalendo awo ŵakumanyikwa chomene ku Malawi ni Wambali Mkandawire, Erik Paliani, Lucius Banda, Tay Grin, Esau Mwamwaya, Tsar Leo, Lawrence Khwisa (LULU). Mu 2015 sumu ya Malawi yikamanyikwa pa 58th Grammy Awards kwa nyengo yakwamba, na kusankhika kwa Zomba Prison Project I Have No Everything Here kwa Best World Music Album.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180626220455/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/malawi-prisoners-score-surprise-grammy-nomination-20151209 "Malawi Prisoners Score Surprise Grammy Nomination"] Retrieved December 14, 2015.</ref> == Sumu za ku Malawi == === Nyimbo za Kwela === In the late 1960s, [[:en:South_Africa|South African]] [[:en:Kwela|kwela]] music was popular in Malawi. The country produced its own kwela stars that were not as popular as the South African counterparts, but contemporary Kwela artists like Daniel Kachamba & His Kwela Band have enjoyed popularity. South African Kwela music was first created by Malawian immigrants who, upon moving to South Africa, fused their music with local sounds.<ref name="autogenerated1" /> The word, 'Kwela', in Chichewa means 'to climb' which is similar to the South African definition, which means to "get up" or "rise". === Jazz ya ku Malawi === Malawian jazz bands also became popular. In spite of the name, Malawian jazz has little in common with its American namesake. Rural musicians played acoustic instruments, often in very traditional ways. These performers include Jazz Giants, Linengwe River Band, Mulanje Mountain Band and Chimvu Jazz. By the beginning of the 1970s, [[:en:Electric_guitar|electric guitars]] had become common and American [[:en:Rock_and_roll|rock and roll]], [[:en:Soul_music|soul]] and [[:en:Funk|funk]] influences the music scene, resulting in a fusion called afroma.{{typo help inline|date=May 2019}} [[:en:New_Scene|New Scene]], led by Morson Phuka, was the most well-known exponent of afroma. Contemporary Malawian jazz artists include [[:en:Wambali_Mkandawire|Wambali Mkandawire]], South-Africa-based [[:en:Ray_Phiri|Ray Phiri]] and US-based [[:en:Masauko_Chipembere_Jr|Masauko Chipembere Jr]]. Jazz concerts can be seen throughout Malawi. Many Malawian Jazz band perform regularly at local hotels and clubs. Sunday Jazz is a popular event in many lodges and hotels in Malawi, where it is a social event for people in the suburban areas to meet and listen to Jazz music on Sundays. === Malawi kwasa kwasa === Influenced by the 1980s music from the Congo, Malawi's own kwasa kwasa music grew. The 1980s saw [[:en:Soukous|soukous]] from the [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (then ''Zaire'') become popular, and result in a Malawian variety called [[:en:Kwasa_kwasa|kwasa kwasa]]. === Hip-hop/rap ya Malaŵi === Kwamba mu 1994, sumu za rap zazara chomene mu Malaŵi kufuma ku misumba yakutali nga ni Blantyre na [[Lilongwe]] m'paka ku mizi yakutali nga Nkhata Bay panji Chitipa. Vinthu vya rap mu Malawi vikukolerana na wayilesi na manyuzipepara. Ŵanthu ŵa ku United States, South Africa, United Kingdom, na Caribbean ŵakamba kulondezga mitheto ya hip hop pa wayilesi na mavidiyo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Perullo|first1=Alex|last2=Fenn|first2=John|date=Fall 2000|title=Language Ideologies, Choices, and Practices in Eastern African Hip Hop|url=https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1076&context=eng_jou|journal=English and Cultural Studios Journal|volume=|pages=|via=}}</ref> Sumu za ku Malaŵi zikamba na gulu la Real Elements, awo ŵakiza na sumu za ku America ku Malaŵi. Ŵakaŵa pa channel O ndipo ŵakachitanga mu Malaŵi ndipo ŵakamba ku UK kwa banthu ŵa hip hop nga ni Blak Twang. Ŵakapanga mtundu uphya wa sumu za ku Malawi mu nthowa ya hip-hop na rap. Kufuma waka mu nyengo ya Real Elements, mtundu wa Malawi wa hip-hop wakura comene. Ici cikusazgapo Young Kay, Third Eye. Mandela Mwanza, Phyzix, Dominant 1, Incyt, Cyclone, A.B, The Basement, Pittie Boyz, The Daredevilz, Lomwe, the Legendary Barryone, Nthumwi Pixy, Biriwiri, Renegade & Pilgrim, Jay-T Pius Parsley pamoza na nyenyezi za pa caru cose nga ni Tay Grin, Gwamba, South African based St Bosseratti. [Pakukhumbika ukaboni apa] Chiwonetsero cha hip hop ku Malawi chikupitilira kusintha ndi ojambula atsopano a sukulu monga Gwamba ndi Marste. Ŵa Africa ŵa ku Africa, Tsar Leo na Lxrry ndiwo ŵakutimbanizga chomene nkhani za hip hop. Makomiti gha rap na ragga agho ghakucitiskika na mawupu gha ŵanthu ŵekha ghakumanyikwa comene na ŵawukirano. Cingelezi ndico cikuyowoyeka comene mu sumu za rap za ku Malawi, kusazgapo nkhani za mu manyuzipepara, kudumbiskana na ŵawukirano, na pa wayilesi. Ndipouli, mu vigaŵa vinyake, Chichewa chikuwoneka kuŵa chiyowoyero chiwemi.<ref name=":0" /> === Nyimbo za Chiuta za ku Malawi === Sumu ya Gospel njimoza mwa sumu izo zikumanyikwa chomene mu Malawi. Vinthu ivi vikamba kumanyikwa mu ma 1990. Apo Papa Yohane Paul II wakaluta mu caru ici mu 1989, sumu za Gospel zikamba kuwoneka comene. Ŵalendo ŵakumanyikwa ŵa Malawi ŵa gospel ni Ndirande Anglican Voices, Ethel Kamwendo-Banda, Grace Chinga, Lloyd Phiri, George Mkandawire na Chitheka Family.<ref name="nyasatimes1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20091004194153/http://www.nyasatimes.com/national/gospel-preaching-the-word-of-god-through-hip-hop-music.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091004194153/http://www.nyasatimes.com/national/gospel-preaching-the-word-of-god-through-hip-hop-music.html|date=October 4, 2009}}</ref> Apo ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakuchita vyakusanguluska ŵakamba 'kubabikaso,' mu Malaŵi muli sumu zinandi za Gospel, comenecomene za mu matawuni. Ŵanyamata ŵakwambilira awo ŵakamanyikwanga na sumu za rap ni Chart Rock na The Strategy. Pasono,Template:When David (uyo kale wakaŵa Stix wa Real Elements, KBG uyo wakambiska NyaLimuziK na Gosple (Aubrey Mvula) sono ndiwo ŵakulongozga mu mtundu uwu wa gospel rap. Apo tikulutizga kusanda umo gospel hip hop panji music ya mu muzi yikukulira, tingaleka yayi kuzunura ŵanthu ŵaŵiri awo ŵakwiza mu chigaŵa ichi.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} === Malawia R&B === Mtundu wa R&B wa ku Malawi ukukura chomene ndipo wafika pakumanyikwa na ŵanthu nga Maskal, Theo Thomson, Sonye na Dan Lu. Paliso ŵantchito ŵanyake ŵaphya nga ni Kumbu, Bucci, na Kell Kay, Tremone Trun. === Nyimbo za reggae za ku Malawi === Mu Malaŵi, sumu ya reggae yikutemweka comene. Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, sumu ya reggae ya ku Malawi yaluta panthazi chomene, comenecomene pakati pa ŵalondezgi ŵa Rasta ku Malawi na mumphepete mwa nyanja iyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakwiza. Magulu gha sumu nga ni Black Missionaries ghazgoka ghamanyikwiro comene mu Malawi. Ŵalendo nga ni Lucius Banda, na Evison Matafale ŵakawovwira kuti sumu za ku Malawi zikwane pa charu chose. Kweniso pali magulu ghanyake gha rock reggae agho ghakuŵa na sumu zawo nga ni Fostered Legacy, Soul Raiders, na Wailing Brothers. Sumu za reggae za ku Malawi ni sumu za kulimbana. Nkhani zinandi za mu sumu iyi zikuyowoya za vinthu vyambura urunji, vimbundi na kuyana kwa ŵanthu wose ŵa ku Malawi. === Malawian traditional music and dances === Sumu za ku Malawi nazo zikwenda makora chomene, nga ni za ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakuchemeka Pamtondo, awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito sumu za ŵanthu ŵa ku Lomwe, Makuwa na Mang'anja. Pakaŵaso ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakalondezganga mitheto ya kale nga ni Alan Namoko, Micheal Yekha, Ndingo brothers, Millennium Sound Checks na Waliko Makhala. Mu Malaŵi, ŵanthu ŵakwimba makora chomene nga ni Manganje, Mganda, Tchopa, Beni, Malipenga, Ngoma, Chitelera, Likwata, Chiwoda, Masewe, Chimtali, Visekese, Khunju, Gule wa Mkulu na Chisamba. === Malawian pop/fusion === Ŵalendo ŵa ku Malawi ŵakumanyikwa kuti ŵakusazga sumu za rock, r&b, na za ku America kuti ŵapange sumu za fusion. Yumoza wa ŵanthu aŵa ni Esau Mwamwaya, uyo sumu zake zikusazga sumu za ku Malawi, za pop na za mu tawuni. == Kupanga nyimbo == Pambere chaka cha 1968 chindafike, ku Malawi ŵakacitanga vyakujambulira pa mafoni, kweniso ku Federal Broadcasting Studios ku Lusaka, Zambia. Nzeru Record Company (NRC), yikakhazikiskika mu 1968, ndipo yikaŵa studio yakwamba ku Malawi. Ndipouli, studio iyi yikamara mu 1972 cifukwa ca suzgo la malonda..<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Lwanda|first1=John|last2=Kanjo|first2=Chipo|date=2013|title=Computers, Culture and Music: the History of the Recording Industry in Malawi|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23611942|journal=The Society of Malawi Journal|volume=66|issue=1|pages=23–42|jstor=23611942|issn=0037-993X}}</ref> Kwambira mu 1972 m'paka mu 1989, malekodi ghanandi ghakaŵa pa wayilesi ya Radio Malawi, iyo pamasinda yikacemekanga Malawi Broadcasting Corporation. Pakuti boma ndilo likalamuliranga wayilesi iyi, mastudio agha ghakawovwiranga kuti sumu ziŵe zakutowa. Sumu izo ŵakalemba zikaŵa za pa tepi ndipo zikafumiskikanga yayi pa vinyl. Mu 1988, boma likamba kuzomerezga ŵanthu kuti ŵagwirenge nchito na mabuku ghawo. Paumaliro wa m'ma 1990, masitudiyo ghacoko waka ghakaŵa mu Blantyre, Balaka, na Lilongwe. Mpingo wa ku Malawi ukajura mastudiyo gha Andiamo, uko gulu la Christian Alleluya Band likakora sumu yawo yakwamba pa kaseti mu 1988. Mu 1991, Paul Banda uyo wakwimba gitala wa Alleluya Band wakambiska Imbirani Yahwe Studios mu Balaka Town. Kufuma waka pa nyengo iyi, Ŵakwimba ŵanandi ŵa ku Malawi ŵakukhumba kuŵa na studio yawo ya kujambura sumu. Pa cifukwa ici, nchakusuzga kusanga mastudio gha kwimba sumu mu caru ici, ndipo maburosha gha vyakwimba sumu ghakukhala nyengo yicoko. Mu vyaru vinyake vya ku Malawi, ŵanthu ŵakulemba sumu mu ma studio ghanandi. Mu tawuni ya Blantyre ndimo muli ma studio ghanandi gha ku Malawi. Ŵawukirano awo ŵakukhumba kulemba sumu yawo ŵakuyilemba mu mastudio agho ghakupeleka nthowa zakupulikizga izo zingaŵawovwira kuti ŵalembe sumu yimoza..<ref name=":0" /> == Sumu za pa caru cose == Pali wupu wa Malawi Broadcasting Corporation, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kutegherezga "Radio One" ŵakumanya kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kutegherezga mu Malawi ni Don Williams, Jim Reeves, Shaggy, Judy Boucher na ŵanthu ŵa ku South Africa nga ni Lucky Dube na Brenda Fassie. == Viphikiro vya sumu == * Mu chaka cha 2004, munthu wa ku England Will Jameson wakambiska Lake of Stars Music Festival uko kuli ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake na ŵa ku Malawi. Pa nyengo yasono, nyuzipepara ya The Independent na The Times ya ku Britain yikuti ni umoza wa viphikiro vya sumu viwemi comene pa caru cose.<ref>{{cite web |author=Lucinda Beaman Last updated January 29, 2012 2:31AM |date=2012-01-25 |title=The Times &#124; UK News, World News and Opinion |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/holiday_type/music_and_travel/article6838885.ece |access-date=2012-01-29 |publisher=Timesonline.co.uk}}</ref> * Kufuma waka apo ŵakazengera nyanja ya nyenyezi, ku Malawi kuli viphikiro vinandi, ndipo vinyake vikuchitika nyengo yitali. * Sand Fest * Tumaini ni chiphikiro chawanangwa icho chikuchitikira mu msasa wa ŵanthu ŵakuchimbira kwawo wa Dzaleka. * Mu chaka cha 2021, chiphikiro cha Zomba City chikamba. Chikondwelero cha Zomba City ndi chochitika cha pachaka, chomwe chimachitika pa sabata la Labor Day. Chiphikiro cha Zomba City chikukhumba kulongora kukopa kwa Zomba ku ŵalendo ŵake.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FESTIVAL – Destination Zomba & Liwonde (Malawi) |url=https://visitzomba.com/festival/ |access-date=2021-11-29 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-24 |title=3-day Zomba City Festival to put Zomba on the map |url=https://www.malawitourism.com/news-blogs/3-day-zomba-city-festival-to-put-zomba-on-the-map/ |access-date=2021-11-29 |website=Malawi Tourism |language=en-US}}</ref> * Mu chaka cha 2021, Lifest, chikondwelero cha sumu chikanozgeka mu Lilongwe, msumba ukuru wa Malawi. == Ŵakwimba ŵakumanyikwa ŵa ku Malawi == * Joseph Tembo * Black Missionaries * Lucius Banda * Tony Bird * Erik Paliani * Masauko Chipembere Jr * Tay Grin (Limbani Kalinani) * Evison Matafale * Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka * Esau Mwamwaya * Ritaa * Real Elements * Wambali Mkandawire * Ray Phiri * Gwamba * Zomba Prison Project * Tsar Leo * Home Grown African * Young Kay * Blasto == Maukaboni == <references responsive="1"></references> * Lwanda, John. "Sounds Afroma!". 2000. In: Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), ''World Music Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East''. pp 533–538. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. {{ISBN|1-85828-636-0}} == Ma linki ghanyake == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230329155514/https://keepitmusic.com/ keepitmusic.com] * [http://www.malawi-music.com/ malawi-music.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230129015013/http://joynathu.com/ joynathu.com] * [http://mikozinetwork.com/ mikozinetwork.com] * [http://musicofmalawi.wordpress.com/ musicofmalawi.wordpress.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230317043647/https://lakeofstars.org/ lakeofstars.org] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120721051608/http://gondwanasound.com/news/2012/07/12/kenny-gilmore-and-deep-roots-malawi Interview with Kenny Gilmore director of Deep Roots Malawi] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXBnz9uFGmg&feature=g-upl Deep Roots Malawi the Official Film directed by Kenny Gilmore]{{Music of Africa}} dqadvk5dnazzpge0qg08hertx54hmtt 121594 121593 2026-09-05T00:38:02Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{good article}} '''Sumu za ku [[Malawi]]''' zikufuma ku ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Britain]], Africa, na America. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakendanga nyengo yitali ndipo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu vyaru vinyake. Cimoza mwa vinthu ivyo vikapangiska kuti sumu za ku Malawi zikwane ni Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose. Paumaliro wa nkhondo, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakondwanga na magulu gha ŵakwimba gitala na banjo. Vyakuimbira vyose viŵiri vikafuma ku vyaru vinyake. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu migodi ya ku South Africa na Mozambique nawo ŵakasangananga na kwimba sumu zakupambanapambana.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |last=Jecks |first=Nikki |date=2009-08-06 |title=Reviving Malawi's music heritage |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8185971.stm |access-date=2012-01-29 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Pa nyengo iyo charu cha Malawi chikaŵa pasi pa muwuso wa ŵasilikari, ŵakwimba ŵakumanyikwa ŵakaŵa ŵachoko chomene. Yumoza wa ŵakwimba aŵa wakaŵa Tony Bird, uyo wakababikira ku Nyasaland ndipo wakimbanga sumu zakususkana na boma la Malawi. Sumu zake zikulongosoreka kuti zikukolerana na mitheto ya ku Malawi na Afrikaans. Kawonekero kake kakamupangiska kuti walute na Ladysmith Black Mambazo mu ma 1980. Mu nyengo ya Pulezidenti Hastings Banda, boma la Malawi likakanizga sumu izo likati ni za kugonana panji za ndyali. Ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵachoko waka awo ŵakamanyikwanga pa charu chose ŵanjire mu vyaru ivi kufuma mu 1964 m'paka 1994. Ndipouli, pamanyuma pa mavoti ghakwamba gha vyaru vinandi mu 1994, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kwimba pa wumba. Kwambira mu 1994, ŵanthu ŵakutemwa comene sumu kweniso ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa. Chifukwa cha nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵakakanizganga sumu, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Malawi awo ŵakamba kwimba ŵakaŵa ŵawukirano. Ŵalendo nga ni Young Kay ŵakukhozgeka na ŵantchito ŵaphya ndipo ŵakugwira nchito pamoza kupeleka umanyi uphya ku Malawi.<ref>{{cite web |author=malawimoto says |date=2010-08-19 |title=Jamati Online &#124; Malawian Music has no identity |url=http://www.jamati.com/online/music/malawi-music-has-no-identity/ |access-date=2012-01-29 |publisher=Jamati.com}}</ref> Ŵaluso ŵanandi ŵa ku malo agha ŵakumanyikwa pa caru cose. Ŵalendo awo ŵakumanyikwa chomene ku Malawi ni Wambali Mkandawire, Erik Paliani, Lucius Banda, Tay Grin, Esau Mwamwaya, Tsar Leo, Lawrence Khwisa (LULU). Mu 2015 sumu ya Malawi yikamanyikwa pa 58th Grammy Awards kwa nyengo yakwamba, na kusankhika kwa Zomba Prison Project I Have No Everything Here kwa Best World Music Album.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180626220455/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/malawi-prisoners-score-surprise-grammy-nomination-20151209 "Malawi Prisoners Score Surprise Grammy Nomination"] Retrieved December 14, 2015.</ref> == Sumu za ku Malawi == === Nyimbo za Kwela === In the late 1960s, [[:en:South_Africa|South African]] [[:en:Kwela|kwela]] music was popular in Malawi. The country produced its own kwela stars that were not as popular as the South African counterparts, but contemporary Kwela artists like Daniel Kachamba & His Kwela Band have enjoyed popularity. South African Kwela music was first created by Malawian immigrants who, upon moving to South Africa, fused their music with local sounds.<ref name="autogenerated1" /> The word, 'Kwela', in Chichewa means 'to climb' which is similar to the South African definition, which means to "get up" or "rise". === Jazz ya ku Malawi === Malawian jazz bands also became popular. In spite of the name, Malawian jazz has little in common with its American namesake. Rural musicians played acoustic instruments, often in very traditional ways. These performers include Jazz Giants, Linengwe River Band, Mulanje Mountain Band and Chimvu Jazz. By the beginning of the 1970s, [[:en:Electric_guitar|electric guitars]] had become common and American [[:en:Rock_and_roll|rock and roll]], [[:en:Soul_music|soul]] and [[:en:Funk|funk]] influences the music scene, resulting in a fusion called afroma.{{typo help inline|date=May 2019}} [[:en:New_Scene|New Scene]], led by Morson Phuka, was the most well-known exponent of afroma. Contemporary Malawian jazz artists include [[:en:Wambali_Mkandawire|Wambali Mkandawire]], South-Africa-based [[:en:Ray_Phiri|Ray Phiri]] and US-based [[:en:Masauko_Chipembere_Jr|Masauko Chipembere Jr]]. Jazz concerts can be seen throughout Malawi. Many Malawian Jazz band perform regularly at local hotels and clubs. Sunday Jazz is a popular event in many lodges and hotels in Malawi, where it is a social event for people in the suburban areas to meet and listen to Jazz music on Sundays. === Malawi kwasa kwasa === Influenced by the 1980s music from the Congo, Malawi's own kwasa kwasa music grew. The 1980s saw [[:en:Soukous|soukous]] from the [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (then ''Zaire'') become popular, and result in a Malawian variety called [[:en:Kwasa_kwasa|kwasa kwasa]]. === Hip-hop/rap ya Malaŵi === Kwamba mu 1994, sumu za rap zazara chomene mu Malaŵi kufuma ku misumba yakutali nga ni Blantyre na [[Lilongwe]] m'paka ku mizi yakutali nga Nkhata Bay panji Chitipa. Vinthu vya rap mu Malawi vikukolerana na wayilesi na manyuzipepara. Ŵanthu ŵa ku United States, South Africa, United Kingdom, na Caribbean ŵakamba kulondezga mitheto ya hip hop pa wayilesi na mavidiyo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Perullo|first1=Alex|last2=Fenn|first2=John|date=Fall 2000|title=Language Ideologies, Choices, and Practices in Eastern African Hip Hop|url=https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1076&context=eng_jou|journal=English and Cultural Studios Journal|volume=|pages=|via=}}</ref> Sumu za ku Malaŵi zikamba na gulu la Real Elements, awo ŵakiza na sumu za ku America ku Malaŵi. Ŵakaŵa pa channel O ndipo ŵakachitanga mu Malaŵi ndipo ŵakamba ku UK kwa banthu ŵa hip hop nga ni Blak Twang. Ŵakapanga mtundu uphya wa sumu za ku Malawi mu nthowa ya hip-hop na rap. Kufuma waka mu nyengo ya Real Elements, mtundu wa Malawi wa hip-hop wakura comene. Ici cikusazgapo Young Kay, Third Eye. Mandela Mwanza, Phyzix, Dominant 1, Incyt, Cyclone, A.B, The Basement, Pittie Boyz, The Daredevilz, Lomwe, the Legendary Barryone, Nthumwi Pixy, Biriwiri, Renegade & Pilgrim, Jay-T Pius Parsley pamoza na nyenyezi za pa caru cose nga ni Tay Grin, Gwamba, South African based St Bosseratti. [Pakukhumbika ukaboni apa] Chiwonetsero cha hip hop ku Malawi chikupitilira kusintha ndi ojambula atsopano a sukulu monga Gwamba ndi Marste. Ŵa Africa ŵa ku Africa, Tsar Leo na Lxrry ndiwo ŵakutimbanizga chomene nkhani za hip hop. Makomiti gha rap na ragga agho ghakucitiskika na mawupu gha ŵanthu ŵekha ghakumanyikwa comene na ŵawukirano. Cingelezi ndico cikuyowoyeka comene mu sumu za rap za ku Malawi, kusazgapo nkhani za mu manyuzipepara, kudumbiskana na ŵawukirano, na pa wayilesi. Ndipouli, mu vigaŵa vinyake, Chichewa chikuwoneka kuŵa chiyowoyero chiwemi.<ref name=":0" /> === Nyimbo za Chiuta za ku Malawi === Sumu ya Gospel njimoza mwa sumu izo zikumanyikwa chomene mu Malawi. Vinthu ivi vikamba kumanyikwa mu ma 1990. Apo Papa Yohane Paul II wakaluta mu caru ici mu 1989, sumu za Gospel zikamba kuwoneka comene. Ŵalendo ŵakumanyikwa ŵa Malawi ŵa gospel ni Ndirande Anglican Voices, Ethel Kamwendo-Banda, Grace Chinga, Lloyd Phiri, George Mkandawire na Chitheka Family.<ref name="nyasatimes1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20091004194153/http://www.nyasatimes.com/national/gospel-preaching-the-word-of-god-through-hip-hop-music.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091004194153/http://www.nyasatimes.com/national/gospel-preaching-the-word-of-god-through-hip-hop-music.html|date=October 4, 2009}}</ref> Apo ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakuchita vyakusanguluska ŵakamba 'kubabikaso,' mu Malaŵi muli sumu zinandi za Gospel, comenecomene za mu matawuni. Ŵanyamata ŵakwambilira awo ŵakamanyikwanga na sumu za rap ni Chart Rock na The Strategy. Pasono,Template:When David (uyo kale wakaŵa Stix wa Real Elements, KBG uyo wakambiska NyaLimuziK na Gosple (Aubrey Mvula) sono ndiwo ŵakulongozga mu mtundu uwu wa gospel rap. Apo tikulutizga kusanda umo gospel hip hop panji music ya mu muzi yikukulira, tingaleka yayi kuzunura ŵanthu ŵaŵiri awo ŵakwiza mu chigaŵa ichi.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} === Malawia R&B === Mtundu wa R&B wa ku Malawi ukukura chomene ndipo wafika pakumanyikwa na ŵanthu nga Maskal, Theo Thomson, Sonye na Dan Lu. Paliso ŵantchito ŵanyake ŵaphya nga ni Kumbu, Bucci, na Kell Kay, Tremone Trun. === Nyimbo za reggae za ku Malawi === Mu Malaŵi, sumu ya reggae yikutemweka comene. Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, sumu ya reggae ya ku Malawi yaluta panthazi chomene, comenecomene pakati pa ŵalondezgi ŵa Rasta ku Malawi na mumphepete mwa nyanja iyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakwiza. Magulu gha sumu nga ni Black Missionaries ghazgoka ghamanyikwiro comene mu Malawi. Ŵalendo nga ni Lucius Banda, na Evison Matafale ŵakawovwira kuti sumu za ku Malawi zikwane pa charu chose. Kweniso pali magulu ghanyake gha rock reggae agho ghakuŵa na sumu zawo nga ni Fostered Legacy, Soul Raiders, na Wailing Brothers. Sumu za reggae za ku Malawi ni sumu za kulimbana. Nkhani zinandi za mu sumu iyi zikuyowoya za vinthu vyambura urunji, vimbundi na kuyana kwa ŵanthu wose ŵa ku Malawi. === Malawian traditional music and dances === Sumu za ku Malawi nazo zikwenda makora chomene, nga ni za ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakuchemeka Pamtondo, awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito sumu za ŵanthu ŵa ku Lomwe, Makuwa na Mang'anja. Pakaŵaso ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakalondezganga mitheto ya kale nga ni Alan Namoko, Micheal Yekha, Ndingo brothers, Millennium Sound Checks na Waliko Makhala. Mu Malaŵi, ŵanthu ŵakwimba makora chomene nga ni Manganje, Mganda, Tchopa, Beni, Malipenga, Ngoma, Chitelera, Likwata, Chiwoda, Masewe, Chimtali, Visekese, Khunju, Gule wa Mkulu na Chisamba. === Malawian pop/fusion === Ŵalendo ŵa ku Malawi ŵakumanyikwa kuti ŵakusazga sumu za rock, r&b, na za ku America kuti ŵapange sumu za fusion. Yumoza wa ŵanthu aŵa ni Esau Mwamwaya, uyo sumu zake zikusazga sumu za ku Malawi, za pop na za mu tawuni. == Kupanga nyimbo == Pambere chaka cha 1968 chindafike, ku Malawi ŵakacitanga vyakujambulira pa mafoni, kweniso ku Federal Broadcasting Studios ku Lusaka, Zambia. Nzeru Record Company (NRC), yikakhazikiskika mu 1968, ndipo yikaŵa studio yakwamba ku Malawi. Ndipouli, studio iyi yikamara mu 1972 cifukwa ca suzgo la malonda..<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Lwanda|first1=John|last2=Kanjo|first2=Chipo|date=2013|title=Computers, Culture and Music: the History of the Recording Industry in Malawi|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23611942|journal=The Society of Malawi Journal|volume=66|issue=1|pages=23–42|jstor=23611942|issn=0037-993X}}</ref> Kwambira mu 1972 m'paka mu 1989, malekodi ghanandi ghakaŵa pa wayilesi ya Radio Malawi, iyo pamasinda yikacemekanga Malawi Broadcasting Corporation. Pakuti boma ndilo likalamuliranga wayilesi iyi, mastudio agha ghakawovwiranga kuti sumu ziŵe zakutowa. Sumu izo ŵakalemba zikaŵa za pa tepi ndipo zikafumiskikanga yayi pa vinyl. Mu 1988, boma likamba kuzomerezga ŵanthu kuti ŵagwirenge nchito na mabuku ghawo. Paumaliro wa m'ma 1990, masitudiyo ghacoko waka ghakaŵa mu Blantyre, Balaka, na Lilongwe. Mpingo wa ku Malawi ukajura mastudiyo gha Andiamo, uko gulu la Christian Alleluya Band likakora sumu yawo yakwamba pa kaseti mu 1988. Mu 1991, Paul Banda uyo wakwimba gitala wa Alleluya Band wakambiska Imbirani Yahwe Studios mu Balaka Town. Kufuma waka pa nyengo iyi, Ŵakwimba ŵanandi ŵa ku Malawi ŵakukhumba kuŵa na studio yawo ya kujambura sumu. Pa cifukwa ici, nchakusuzga kusanga mastudio gha kwimba sumu mu caru ici, ndipo maburosha gha vyakwimba sumu ghakukhala nyengo yicoko. Mu vyaru vinyake vya ku Malawi, ŵanthu ŵakulemba sumu mu ma studio ghanandi. Mu tawuni ya Blantyre ndimo muli ma studio ghanandi gha ku Malawi. Ŵawukirano awo ŵakukhumba kulemba sumu yawo ŵakuyilemba mu mastudio agho ghakupeleka nthowa zakupulikizga izo zingaŵawovwira kuti ŵalembe sumu yimoza..<ref name=":0" /> == Sumu za pa caru cose == Pali wupu wa Malawi Broadcasting Corporation, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kutegherezga "Radio One" ŵakumanya kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kutegherezga mu Malawi ni Don Williams, Jim Reeves, Shaggy, Judy Boucher na ŵanthu ŵa ku South Africa nga ni Lucky Dube na Brenda Fassie. == Viphikiro vya sumu == * Mu chaka cha 2004, munthu wa ku England Will Jameson wakambiska Lake of Stars Music Festival uko kuli ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake na ŵa ku Malawi. Pa nyengo yasono, nyuzipepara ya The Independent na The Times ya ku Britain yikuti ni umoza wa viphikiro vya sumu viwemi comene pa caru cose.<ref>{{cite web |author=Lucinda Beaman Last updated January 29, 2012 2:31AM |date=2012-01-25 |title=The Times &#124; UK News, World News and Opinion |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/holiday_type/music_and_travel/article6838885.ece |access-date=2012-01-29 |publisher=Timesonline.co.uk}}</ref> * Kufuma waka apo ŵakazengera nyanja ya nyenyezi, ku Malawi kuli viphikiro vinandi, ndipo vinyake vikuchitika nyengo yitali. * Sand Fest * Tumaini ni chiphikiro chawanangwa icho chikuchitikira mu msasa wa ŵanthu ŵakuchimbira kwawo wa Dzaleka. * Mu chaka cha 2021, chiphikiro cha Zomba City chikamba. Chikondwelero cha Zomba City ndi chochitika cha pachaka, chomwe chimachitika pa sabata la Labor Day. Chiphikiro cha Zomba City chikukhumba kulongora kukopa kwa Zomba ku ŵalendo ŵake.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FESTIVAL – Destination Zomba & Liwonde (Malawi) |url=https://visitzomba.com/festival/ |access-date=2021-11-29 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-24 |title=3-day Zomba City Festival to put Zomba on the map |url=https://www.malawitourism.com/news-blogs/3-day-zomba-city-festival-to-put-zomba-on-the-map/ |access-date=2021-11-29 |website=Malawi Tourism |language=en-US}}</ref> * Mu chaka cha 2021, Lifest, chikondwelero cha sumu chikanozgeka mu Lilongwe, msumba ukuru wa Malawi. == Ŵakwimba ŵakumanyikwa ŵa ku Malawi == * Joseph Tembo * Black Missionaries * Lucius Banda * Tony Bird * Erik Paliani * Masauko Chipembere Jr * Tay Grin (Limbani Kalinani) * Evison Matafale * Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka * Esau Mwamwaya * Ritaa * Real Elements * Wambali Mkandawire * Ray Phiri * Gwamba * Zomba Prison Project * Tsar Leo * Home Grown African * Young Kay * Blasto == Maukaboni == <references responsive="1"></references> * Lwanda, John. "Sounds Afroma!". 2000. In: Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), ''World Music Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East''. pp 533–538. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. {{ISBN|1-85828-636-0}} == Ma linki ghanyake == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230329155514/https://keepitmusic.com/ keepitmusic.com] * [http://www.malawi-music.com/ malawi-music.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230129015013/http://joynathu.com/ joynathu.com] * [http://mikozinetwork.com/ mikozinetwork.com] * [http://musicofmalawi.wordpress.com/ musicofmalawi.wordpress.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230317043647/https://lakeofstars.org/ lakeofstars.org] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120721051608/http://gondwanasound.com/news/2012/07/12/kenny-gilmore-and-deep-roots-malawi Interview with Kenny Gilmore director of Deep Roots Malawi] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXBnz9uFGmg&feature=g-upl Deep Roots Malawi the Official Film directed by Kenny Gilmore]{{Music of Africa}} thmektvqs6uilqy855z3k9zq3g83vht 10 19698 121145 50561 2024-05-21T14:50:48Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:Dcr]] to [[Template:Deprecated code red]]: expand name for clarity 121145 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Deprecated code red]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 87x8z51quza981n1vfjzeguj96paijz 121146 121145 2026-09-04T22:10:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Dcr]] 121145 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Deprecated code red]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 87x8z51quza981n1vfjzeguj96paijz 10 19886 121573 51065 2026-08-11T06:32:20Z en>Izno 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1368533783|1368533783]] by [[Special:Contributions/Izno|Izno]] ([[User talk:Izno|talk]]) [[WT:CS1#Stripmarkers_in_titles_with_template_mathematics]] for temporary 51064 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="texhtml {{#if:{{{big|}}}{{{size|}}}|texhtml-big}}" {{#if:{{{big|}}}{{{size|}}}|style="font-size:{{{size|165%}}};"}}>{{{1}}}</span><!-- -->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check | unknown = {{main other|[[Category:Pages using Math with unknown parameters|_VALUE_]]}} | showblankpositional=1 | preview = unknown parameter "_VALUE_" (consider using <code>{{!}}1=</code>, <code><nowiki>{{!}}</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>{{=}}</nowiki></code>) | 1 | big | size }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> loxcc5wdrayadh9axqvyklr3t29jdgm 121574 121573 2026-09-04T22:21:32Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Math]] 51064 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="texhtml {{#if:{{{big|}}}{{{size|}}}|texhtml-big}}" {{#if:{{{big|}}}{{{size|}}}|style="font-size:{{{size|165%}}};"}}>{{{1}}}</span><!-- -->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check | unknown = {{main other|[[Category:Pages using Math with unknown parameters|_VALUE_]]}} | showblankpositional=1 | preview = unknown parameter "_VALUE_" (consider using <code>{{!}}1=</code>, <code><nowiki>{{!}}</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>{{=}}</nowiki></code>) | 1 | big | size }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> loxcc5wdrayadh9axqvyklr3t29jdgm 10 20098 121293 51525 2024-02-19T01:29:01Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Screen reader-only]]": 44K transclusions ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 51524 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Screen reader-only/styles.css" /><span class="sr-only">{{{1|}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> dr03ykw4bip84lwesqte5xzxp6gkuod 121294 121293 2026-09-04T22:16:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Screen_reader-only]] 51524 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Screen reader-only/styles.css" /><span class="sr-only">{{{1|}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> dr03ykw4bip84lwesqte5xzxp6gkuod 10 20265 121053 97491 2026-09-03T22:23:36Z en>Jonesey95 0 class=inline examples 121053 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Protection padlock|small=yes}}</noinclude> {{Redirect|Template:Inline list|a navbox listing templates used within lines of text to mark problems needing attention|Template:Inline cleanup tags}} {{Documentation subpage}}<!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata. Thank you! --> {{Template redirect|Flt|Startflatlist}} {{High risk}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Hlist/styles.css}} {{Cascade-protected template}} This template provides a [[Web Content Accessibility Guidelines|WCAG]]/ISO standards-compliant accessible alternative to comma-, dash- or other single character-delimited lists, per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists#Horizontal lists|Manual of Style/Lists § Horizontal lists]] and [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility#Horizontal lists|Manual of Style:Accessibility § Horizontal lists]]. Lists output by {{Template link general|Flatlist}} and {{Template link general|Hlist}} are semantically and visually identical, differing only in the underlying wiki-markup they expect as input to create the lists. {{TOC limit|3}} == Usage == {{Template link general|Flatlist}} starts a horizontal list, such as: {{Flatlist| * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] }} If this template is used with no parameters, {{Template link general|Endflatlist}} is required. For navigation boxes using {{Template link general|Navbox}}, one can set {{Para|listclass|hlist}} and achieve the same styling without using this template. For image captions, list (i.e. leading asterisk) markup does not work, so consider using {{Template link general|Hlist}} instead. == Parameters == {{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{ROOTPAGENAME}} | #default = {{Format TemplateData|1=<templatedata>{ "description": { "en": "Used to create horizontal bulleted lists." }, "format": "block", "paramOrder": [ "class", "style", "indent", "1" ], "params": { "1": { "label": { "en": "Content" }, "description": { "en": "The list to wrap." }, "suggested": true, "type": "content" }, "class": { "label": { "en": "Extra Classes" }, "description": { "en": "Adds extra CSS classes to the containing div." }, "type": "string" }, "style": { "label": { "en": "CSS Style" }, "description": { "en": "Adds extra CSS properties to the containing div. Complex styles should not be used in articles (per [[MOS:DEVIATIONS]]) but may be acceptable on user, project and talk pages." }, "example": "\n border: solid 1px silver;\n background: lightyellow;\n color: black;\n", "type": "string" }, "indent": { "label": { "en": "Indent" }, "description": { "en": "Indents the list by a number of standard indents (one indent being 1.6[[em (typography)|em]]). (Useful in an indented discussion thread.)" }, "example": "2", "type": "number" } } }</templatedata>}} | Template:Endflatlist = {{Format TemplateData|1=<templatedata>{ "description": "Ends a flat list created by &lbrace;&lbrace;[[Template:Flatlist|Flatlist]]&rbrace;&rbrace;.", "format": "inline", "params": {} }</templatedata>}} }} == Examples == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist| * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] }}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Flatlist| * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] }} === Alternative syntax === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Startflatlist}} * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] {{Endflatlist}}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Startflatlist}} * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] {{Endflatlist}} === Syntax for ordered lists === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist| # [[first]] # [[second]] # [[3|third]] # [[fourth]] # [[fifth]] # [[sixth]] }}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Flatlist| # [[first]] # [[second]] # [[3|third]] # [[fourth]] # [[fifth]] # [[sixth]] }} === Using optional parameters === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist|indent=2|class=nowraplinks|style=background-color: var(--background-color-notice-subtle, lightgray); border: thin solid silver; color: var(--color-base, black);| * [[Alpine skiing at the 1936 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1964 Winter Olympics]] }}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Flatlist|indent=2|class=nowraplinks|style=background-color: var(--background-color-notice-subtle, lightgray); border: thin solid silver; color: var(--color-base, black);| * [[Alpine skiing at the 1936 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1964 Winter Olympics]] }} === Generating an inline list preceded by text === In some situations, it may be useful to present an inline list preceded by other text. Normally, this template is rendered as a block element that starts on a new line. In order to prevent that new line, use {{para|class|inline}} <em>and</em> wrap the preceding text and this template in {{tag|div}} tags (div tags are not necessary if the template is inside a table cell). ====Without div tags (normal usage; note that class=inline does not work)==== <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }} </syntaxhighlight> produces: Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }} ====With div tags (class=inline works)==== <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> <div>Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }}</div> </syntaxhighlight> produces: <div>Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }}</div> == Technical details == This template uses the {{Code|.hlist}} [[CSS]] class defined in [[Template:Hlist/styles.css]] to generate horizontal lists. It causes ordinary HTML list items to be displayed inline (horizontally), where normally they would be displayed as block elements (vertically). The class also generates the [[interpunct]]s between list items and parentheses around nested lists. {| class="wikitable" ! Wikitext ! Expanded template ! HTML |- style="vertical-align: top;" | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist| * cat * dog * horse * cow * sheep * pig }}</syntaxhighlight> | {{nowiki2|tag=pre|{{Flatlist| * cat * dog * horse * cow * sheep * pig }}}} | <syntaxhighlight lang="html"><div class="hlist"><ul> <li>cat</li> <li>dog</li> <li>horse</li> <li>cow</li> <li>sheep</li> <li>pig</li> </ul></div></syntaxhighlight> |} == Maintenance categories == * {{Category link with count|Pages using flatlist with unknown parameters}} == See also == * {{Template link general|Endflatlist}} * {{Template link general|Hlist}} * {{Template link general|Plainlist}} and {{Template link general|Unbulleted list}} * {{Template link general|Bulleted list}} * {{Template link general|Ordered list}} * {{Template link general|Nowrap}} * {{Template link general|Pagelist}} * [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility#Horizontal lists|Manual of Style:Accessibility § Horizontal lists]] {{HTML lists}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other||<!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:List formatting and function templates|Flatlist]] [[Category:Typing-aid templates|Flatlist]] }}</includeonly> dvacsrnfp1b88kqov1othvyokdg2b39 121054 121053 2026-09-04T22:05:07Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Flatlist/doc]] 121053 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Protection padlock|small=yes}}</noinclude> {{Redirect|Template:Inline list|a navbox listing templates used within lines of text to mark problems needing attention|Template:Inline cleanup tags}} {{Documentation subpage}}<!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata. Thank you! --> {{Template redirect|Flt|Startflatlist}} {{High risk}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Hlist/styles.css}} {{Cascade-protected template}} This template provides a [[Web Content Accessibility Guidelines|WCAG]]/ISO standards-compliant accessible alternative to comma-, dash- or other single character-delimited lists, per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists#Horizontal lists|Manual of Style/Lists § Horizontal lists]] and [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility#Horizontal lists|Manual of Style:Accessibility § Horizontal lists]]. Lists output by {{Template link general|Flatlist}} and {{Template link general|Hlist}} are semantically and visually identical, differing only in the underlying wiki-markup they expect as input to create the lists. {{TOC limit|3}} == Usage == {{Template link general|Flatlist}} starts a horizontal list, such as: {{Flatlist| * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] }} If this template is used with no parameters, {{Template link general|Endflatlist}} is required. For navigation boxes using {{Template link general|Navbox}}, one can set {{Para|listclass|hlist}} and achieve the same styling without using this template. For image captions, list (i.e. leading asterisk) markup does not work, so consider using {{Template link general|Hlist}} instead. == Parameters == {{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{ROOTPAGENAME}} | #default = {{Format TemplateData|1=<templatedata>{ "description": { "en": "Used to create horizontal bulleted lists." }, "format": "block", "paramOrder": [ "class", "style", "indent", "1" ], "params": { "1": { "label": { "en": "Content" }, "description": { "en": "The list to wrap." }, "suggested": true, "type": "content" }, "class": { "label": { "en": "Extra Classes" }, "description": { "en": "Adds extra CSS classes to the containing div." }, "type": "string" }, "style": { "label": { "en": "CSS Style" }, "description": { "en": "Adds extra CSS properties to the containing div. Complex styles should not be used in articles (per [[MOS:DEVIATIONS]]) but may be acceptable on user, project and talk pages." }, "example": "\n border: solid 1px silver;\n background: lightyellow;\n color: black;\n", "type": "string" }, "indent": { "label": { "en": "Indent" }, "description": { "en": "Indents the list by a number of standard indents (one indent being 1.6[[em (typography)|em]]). (Useful in an indented discussion thread.)" }, "example": "2", "type": "number" } } }</templatedata>}} | Template:Endflatlist = {{Format TemplateData|1=<templatedata>{ "description": "Ends a flat list created by &lbrace;&lbrace;[[Template:Flatlist|Flatlist]]&rbrace;&rbrace;.", "format": "inline", "params": {} }</templatedata>}} }} == Examples == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist| * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] }}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Flatlist| * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] }} === Alternative syntax === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Startflatlist}} * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] {{Endflatlist}}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Startflatlist}} * [[cat]] * [[dog]] * [[horse]] * [[cow]] * [[sheep]] * [[pig]] {{Endflatlist}} === Syntax for ordered lists === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist| # [[first]] # [[second]] # [[3|third]] # [[fourth]] # [[fifth]] # [[sixth]] }}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Flatlist| # [[first]] # [[second]] # [[3|third]] # [[fourth]] # [[fifth]] # [[sixth]] }} === Using optional parameters === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist|indent=2|class=nowraplinks|style=background-color: var(--background-color-notice-subtle, lightgray); border: thin solid silver; color: var(--color-base, black);| * [[Alpine skiing at the 1936 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1964 Winter Olympics]] }}</syntaxhighlight> produces: {{Flatlist|indent=2|class=nowraplinks|style=background-color: var(--background-color-notice-subtle, lightgray); border: thin solid silver; color: var(--color-base, black);| * [[Alpine skiing at the 1936 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics]] * [[Alpine skiing at the 1964 Winter Olympics]] }} === Generating an inline list preceded by text === In some situations, it may be useful to present an inline list preceded by other text. Normally, this template is rendered as a block element that starts on a new line. In order to prevent that new line, use {{para|class|inline}} <em>and</em> wrap the preceding text and this template in {{tag|div}} tags (div tags are not necessary if the template is inside a table cell). ====Without div tags (normal usage; note that class=inline does not work)==== <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }} </syntaxhighlight> produces: Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }} ====With div tags (class=inline works)==== <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> <div>Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }}</div> </syntaxhighlight> produces: <div>Here's a list: {{flatlist |class=inline |1= * foo * bar * baz }}</div> == Technical details == This template uses the {{Code|.hlist}} [[CSS]] class defined in [[Template:Hlist/styles.css]] to generate horizontal lists. It causes ordinary HTML list items to be displayed inline (horizontally), where normally they would be displayed as block elements (vertically). The class also generates the [[interpunct]]s between list items and parentheses around nested lists. {| class="wikitable" ! Wikitext ! Expanded template ! HTML |- style="vertical-align: top;" | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Flatlist| * cat * dog * horse * cow * sheep * pig }}</syntaxhighlight> | {{nowiki2|tag=pre|{{Flatlist| * cat * dog * horse * cow * sheep * pig }}}} | <syntaxhighlight lang="html"><div class="hlist"><ul> <li>cat</li> <li>dog</li> <li>horse</li> <li>cow</li> <li>sheep</li> <li>pig</li> </ul></div></syntaxhighlight> |} == Maintenance categories == * {{Category link with count|Pages using flatlist with unknown parameters}} == See also == * {{Template link general|Endflatlist}} * {{Template link general|Hlist}} * {{Template link general|Plainlist}} and {{Template link general|Unbulleted list}} * {{Template link general|Bulleted list}} * {{Template link general|Ordered list}} * {{Template link general|Nowrap}} * {{Template link general|Pagelist}} * [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility#Horizontal lists|Manual of Style:Accessibility § Horizontal lists]] {{HTML lists}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other||<!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:List formatting and function templates|Flatlist]] [[Category:Typing-aid templates|Flatlist]] }}</includeonly> dvacsrnfp1b88kqov1othvyokdg2b39 10 20331 121057 53369 2024-12-23T00:44:42Z en>HouseBlaster 0 semantic markup 121057 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {{This is a redirect/rcat}} </noinclude>{{Redirect template |id=R with history |name=With history |from=a page containing <span class="editlink plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|action=history}} '''substantive page history''']</span> |info=This page is kept as a redirect to preserve its former content and attributions. Please <em>do not</em> remove the tag that generates this text (unless the need to recreate content on this page has been demonstrated), nor delete this page. ** This template should <em>not</em> be used for redirects having some edit history but no meaningful content in their previous versions, nor for redirects created as a result of a [[Wikipedia:Merging|page merge]] (use {{tl|R from merge}} instead), nor for redirects from a title that forms a historic part of Wikipedia (use {{tl|R with old history}} instead). |all category=Redirects with history }}<noinclude> <!-- Place categories on /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata. --> {{documentation}} </noinclude> f93vdvyyipmtbr38ntr4lyajrlxl5yu 121058 121057 2026-09-04T22:05:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:R_with_history]] 121057 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {{This is a redirect/rcat}} </noinclude>{{Redirect template |id=R with history |name=With history |from=a page containing <span class="editlink plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|action=history}} '''substantive page history''']</span> |info=This page is kept as a redirect to preserve its former content and attributions. Please <em>do not</em> remove the tag that generates this text (unless the need to recreate content on this page has been demonstrated), nor delete this page. ** This template should <em>not</em> be used for redirects having some edit history but no meaningful content in their previous versions, nor for redirects created as a result of a [[Wikipedia:Merging|page merge]] (use {{tl|R from merge}} instead), nor for redirects from a title that forms a historic part of Wikipedia (use {{tl|R with old history}} instead). |all category=Redirects with history }}<noinclude> <!-- Place categories on /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata. --> {{documentation}} </noinclude> f93vdvyyipmtbr38ntr4lyajrlxl5yu 0 20477 121656 105476 2026-09-05T06:38:59Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->| offichial_name = Mzuzu | other_name = | native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> | nickname = | settlement_type = Msumba | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = MzuzuMalawi.JPG | imagesize = 300px | image_caption = Mzuzu | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Malawi#Northern Region#Mzimba | pushpin_mapsize = 240 | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Malawi <!-- Location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Malawi}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Malawi|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Northern Region, Malawi|Northern Region]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Malawi|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Mzimba]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Chigaŵa chavisankho]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Chigaŵa chavisankho cha Mzuzu Msumba|Mzuzu Msumba]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->| area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> | population_as_of = 2018 Census<ref>[https://malawi.unfpa.org/sites/...pdf/2018%20Census%20Preliminary%20Report.pdf] {{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 221,272 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnichities | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = +2 | utc_offset = | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|11.45807|S|34.015131|E|region:MW|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | blank1_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank1_info_sec2 = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cwb)|Cwb]] <!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = | area_code = | blank_name = | blank_info = | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Msumba wa Mzuzu''' ndiwo uli likuru la [[Chigaŵa cha Kumpoto|chigaŵa cha kumpoto]] kwa [[Malaŵi|Malawi]]. Msumba uwu uli na ŵanthu 221,272 na ŵanthu 20,000 (ŵasambiri ŵa Yunivesite ya Mzuzu) ndipo ŵanthu pafupifupi 1.7 miliyoni ŵakukhala mu msumba uwu.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org">{{Cite web |title=Munichipal in Malawi, Malawi Munichipal, Mzuzu City Assembly welcome, Commonwealth |url=http://www.commonwealth-of-nations.org/Malawi/Munichipal/Mzuzu_City_Assembly/welcome |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724031431/http://www.commonwealth-of-nations.org/Malawi/Munichipal/Mzuzu_City_Assembly/welcome |archive-date=24 July 2011 |access-date=9 June 2011 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Ili mu chigaŵa cha [[Mzimba (msumba)|Mzimba]]. Muzi wa Mzuzu uli mu mapiri gha Viphya, ndipo chigaŵa icho chili kufupi na msumba uwu chikupambika tiyi, ghamayi, na khofi. Ku vigaŵa vya kumwera kwa msumba uwu kuli nkhorongo yikuru chomene iyo ŵanthu ŵali kupanga mu Africa.<ref name="TA">{{cite journal|date=August 2001|title=Malawi: Fragile Forests|journal=Travel Africa Magazine|issue=17|url=http://www.travelafricamag.com/content/view/149/56/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822032058/http://www.travelafricamag.com/content/view/149/56/|archive-date=22 August 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Malo ghanyake agho ghakumanyikwa chomene mu msumba uwu ni Chibavi, Luwinga, Area 1B, Chibanja, Katoto, Zolozolo, Masasa, Mchenga-utuba, Chimaliro, Kaning'ina na Katawa. == Ŵanthu == {{historical populations|11=1977|12=16,108|13=1987|14=51,904|15=1998|16=86,980|17=2008|18=133,968|19=2018|20=221,272|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/malawi/cities/|title=Malawi: Regions, Major Cities, Towns & Urban Localities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|website=Citypopulation.de|access-date=22 November 2021}}</ref>|align=right}} === Mitundu ya Ŵanthu === {{bar box|title=Mitundu mu Msumba wa Mzuzu (2018 Census)<ref name="Census2018" />|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Ethnic Groups|right1=percent|float=right|bars={{bar percent|Tumbuka|darkgreen|51.71}} {{bar percent|Chewa|purple|13.51}} {{bar percent|Ngoni|red|8.09}} {{bar percent|Tonga|black|7.36}} {{bar percent|Nkhonde|orange|4.08}} {{bar percent|Lambya|darkblue|3.75}}{{bar percent|Yao|green|3.59}} {{bar percent|Lomwe|maroon|3.54}} {{bar percent|Sukwa|darkgray|1.07}} {{bar percent|Sena|gray|0.66}} {{bar percent|Mang'anja|tan|0.38}} {{bar percent|Nyanja|lime|0.28}} {{bar percent|Other|Violet|2}}}}Kuyana na kalembera wa 2018, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tumbuka ndiwo ni mtundu ukuru chomene mu msumba uwu. Chigaŵa chikuru cha ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa ichi ni ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chewa. Mitundu yinyake yichoko ni Ngoni na 8.09% ya ŵanthu, Tonga na 7.36%, Nkhonde na 4.08%, Lambya na 3.75%, Yao na 3.59%, Lomwe na 3.54%, Sukwa na 1.07%, Sena na 0.66%, Mang'anja na 0.38%, Nyanja na 0.28%, na mitundu yinyake na 2% ya ŵanthu.<ref name="Census2018">{{cite web |title=2018 Population and Housing Census Main Report |url=http://www.nsomalawi.mw/images/stories/data_on_line/demography/census_2018/2018%20Malawi%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf |access-date=25 December 2019 |publisher=Malawi National Statistical Office}}</ref> === Chisopa === {{Pie chart|thumb=right|caption='''Religions in Mzuzu City (2018 Census)<ref name="Census2018" />'''|label1=Church of Central Africa Presbyterian|value1=28.01|color2=#36A|label2=Catholic|value2=17.28|color1=#6A5|label3=Seventh-day Adventist/Baptist/Apostolic|value3=16.27|color3=#FF33AC|label4=Pentecostal|value4=6.62|color4=#1A9|label5=Anglican|value5=1.58|color5=#E17720|label6=Other Christian|value6=22.21|color6=#F0FF00|label7=Muslim|value7=4.06|color7=#64ECDF|label8=Traditional|value8=0.1|color8=#36A|label9=Other|value9=3.59|color9=#6A5|label10=No Religion|value10=0.28|color10=#FF33AC}}Chisopa chikuru chomene mu Mzuzu ni cha Church of Central Africa Presbyterian icho chili na 28.01%. Chisopa chikuru chomene pa visopa vyose ni Chatoliki, ndipo ŵanthu 17.28% ŵali mu cisopa ichi. Visopa vinyake vikuruvikuru ni vya Chi Adventist, Baptist, na Apostolic na 16.27% pamoza, Pentecostal na 6.62%, Anglican na 1.58%, visopa vinyake vya Chikhristu na 22.21%, Islam na 4.06%, Traditional na 0.1%, visopa vinyake na 3.59%, na vyakusopa yayi na 0.28% ya msumba.<ref name="Census2018" /> Msumba uwu ukazengeka mu 1947 kuzingilizga munda wa mafuta wa Tung wa Commonwealth Development Corporation ndipo ukasangika mu 1985. Zina lakuti Vizuzu lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti 'Vizuzu' ilo likayowoyeka mwakubudika na ŵazungu. Vizuzu ni vyakumera ivyo vikukura mumphepete mwa mlonga wa Lunyangwa. Vipambi ivi ŵakaviwona kufupi na sukulu ya Mzuzu Government Secondary School iyo yikuchemekaso kuti Area 1A. == Mwambo == Ŵanthu ŵa mu msumba iyi ŵali na mitheto yakupambanapambana. ChiTumbuka chikuyowoyeka chomene mu chiyowoyero cha Mzuzu kweni viyowoyero vinyake nga ni Chichewa, ChiTonga, Chiswahili, na ChiNgonde navyo vikuyowoyeka. Mu msumba iyi muli nyumba yakusungiramo vinthu vyakale (iyo yikajulika mu 1986) umo muli vinthu vyakupambanapambana ivyo vikulongora mitheto ya kumpoto.<ref name="Lusaka">{{cite journal|last1=Lusaka|first1=Mwayi|date=4 Jan 2023|title=Curating the nation: Collections, ethnographic representations and heritage production at Museum of Malawi|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311983.2022.2160577|journal=Cogent Arts & Humanities|volume=10|doi=10.1080/23311983.2022.2160577|s2cid=255631526|access-date=26 January 2023}}</ref> Vyakurya ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa ni sima (vyakufuma ku chimanga, panji ku maniyu, panji ku sima ya mayagho), mpunga, na somba ya batala (mormyrid, Mormyrus longirostris). Batala wakufuma ku Nyanja ya Malawi iyo yili kufupi na Nkhata Bay. Vyakurya vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kurya ni: chimanga, nthochi, vibama, koko, maniyu, na mbatata. == Umoyo == Mu msumba ya Mzuzu muli chipatala cha Mzuzu Central, chimoza mwa vipatala vinayi ivi. Msumba uwu uli na Mapale Health Center iyo yili mu msumba uwu pafupi na Shoprite. Paliso vipatala vinandi vya CHAM nga ni St. John, St. John of God Mental Hospital, Nkhorongo SDA Clinic. Msumba uwu uli na ma clinic gha ŵanthu nga ni: Katoto MASM MEDI Clinic, Mumbwe, Kandindindi Evergreen. Kampani ya Kentam Products Limited iyo yikupanga munkhwala yili ku Mzuzu. == Nyengo == {{Weather box|location=Mzuzu (1961–1990)|metric first=Yes|single line=Yes|Jan high C=25.5|Feb high C=25.6|Mar high C=24.8|Apr high C=23.5|May high C=22.1|Jun high C=20.4|Jul high C=20.3|Aug high C=21.9|Sep high C=25.1|Oct high C=27.2|Nov high C=27.2|Dec high C=26.1|year high C=24.1|Jan mean C=19.9|Feb mean C=20.0|Mar mean C=19.5|Apr mean C=18.7|May mean C=16.4|Jun mean C=13.9|Jul mean C=13.1|Aug mean C=14.0|Sep mean C=16.7|Oct mean C=19.4|Nov mean C=20.5|Dec mean C=20.1|year mean C=17.7|Jan low C=16.1|Feb low C=16.5|Mar low C=16.0|Apr low C=14.9|May low C=11.6|Jun low C=7.9|Jul low C=6.5|Aug low C=6.6|Sep low C=8.7|Oct low C=11.7|Nov low C=14.2|Dec low C=15.9|year low C=12.2|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=203.3|Feb precipitation mm=179.5|Mar precipitation mm=224.1|Apr precipitation mm=213.0|May precipitation mm=58.8|Jun precipitation mm=29.5|Jul precipitation mm=30.1|Aug precipitation mm=11.8|Sep precipitation mm=10.4|Oct precipitation mm=35.4|Nov precipitation mm=95.7|Dec precipitation mm=197.0|year precipitation mm=1288.6|Jan humidity=82|Feb humidity=82|Mar humidity=85|Apr humidity=86|May humidity=85|Jun humidity=84|Jul humidity=83|Aug humidity=77|Sep humidity=67|Oct humidity=62|Nov humidity=70|Dec humidity=80|year humidity=79|unit precipitation days=0.3 mm|Jan precipitation days=20|Feb precipitation days=18|Mar precipitation days=20|Apr precipitation days=19|May precipitation days=9|Jun precipitation days=6|Jul precipitation days=6|Aug precipitation days=3|Sep precipitation days=2|Oct precipitation days=3|Nov precipitation days=9|Dec precipitation days=18|year precipitation days=133|Jan sun=145.7|Feb sun=137.2|Mar sun=164.3|Apr sun=171.0|May sun=217.0|Jun sun=219.0|Jul sun=238.7|Aug sun=275.9|Sep sun=288.0|Oct sun=300.7|Nov sun=252.0|Dec sun=176.7|year sun=2586.2|Jand sun=4.7|Febd sun=4.9|Mard sun=5.3|Aprd sun=5.7|Mayd sun=7.0|Jund sun=7.3|Juld sun=7.7|Augd sun=8.9|Sepd sun=9.6|Octd sun=9.7|Novd sun=8.4|Decd sun=5.7|yeard sun=|source 1=NOAA<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/MW/67489.TXT | title = Mzuzu Climate Normals 1961–1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | access-date = 10 August 2016}}</ref>}} == Chuma na vinthu vinyake == Malo agha ndigho ghakupangika khofi, makuni, vipambi, mkaka na uchi. Vinthu ivi ni munkhwala, vyakutoweskera, na makuni. Chifukwa cha Yunivesite ya Mzuzu, msumba uwu uli na ŵanthu ŵaluso chomene. Muziwu uli na malo ghawemi ghakulondezgako vyakurya, kweni wachali kupanga magesi. Ndalama zikwenda makora cifukwa ca mabanki ghaphya.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org" />Kweniso ku malo agha kuli mabizinesi ghachoko na ghapakati agho ghakupeleka mauthenga gha pa foni, mawebusayiti, na mashopu. Vinthu vyakupambanapambana nga ni Chipiku, Peoples Trading, na A.C. Opticals vilipo. Msumba uwu ndiwo uli na makampani gha Mzuzu Coffee, Kentam Products Limited, Mzupaso Paints Limited na magazini ya Northern Life. Mzuzu wali na misika yikuru yiŵiri, kusazgapo Msika wa Taifa uwo ukuguliska vipasi, vyakuvwara, mafoni, skapato na vinthu vinyake. == Masambiro == Mu msumba iyi ndimo muli Yunivesite ya Mzuzu, iyo yikambika mu 1999. Yunivesite iyi yili na masukulu ghankhondi: Tourism and Hospitality Management, Education, Health Sciences, Environmental Sciences and Information and Library Science. Sukulu ya Mzuzu Technical College, iyo yikaŵako mu 1958 na Ŵadada Ŵatuŵa, yili ku Mzuzu. Muli masukulu ghakuru gha ku mpoto, kusazgapo Marymount Secondary School, Wukani private Secondary School, Katoto Government Secondary School, Zolozolo Community Day Secondary School Viphya Schools na Mzuzu Academy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Homepage |url=http://www.mzuzuacademy.org |publisher=mzuzuacademy.org}}</ref> The city also has several primary schools such as Wukani, Trust Academy, Wongani private primary school [run by MIC Catholic Sisters], Beehive and Hilltop schools. == Umoyo == Msumba wa Mzuzu uli na makuni ghanandi kweniso mapiri. Mu msumba uwu muli makuni ghanandi gha miombo. Kumpoto na kumwera kwa msumba uwu kuli mapiri gha Viphya agho ghali na utheka na makuni. Ŵanyake ŵakuti Viphya Plantation iyo yili mu mapiri kumwera kwa msumba uwu ndiyo nkhorongo yikuru chomene mu Africa. Mu nyengo yakuzizima, mu Mzuzu mukuzizima chomene. === Ulimi === Mu msumba uwu muli vyakurya vinandi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuliska tiyi, gombi, na khofi. == Ulendo == Ku malo agha kuli nyanja ya Malawi iyo yili na mchenga, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kusambira mu maji. Nyika National Park, ni paki yikuru chomene ya ku Malawi, ndipo yikusambizga ŵanthu kwenda mu mapiri, kukwera njinga, kwenda pa mahaci, na kwenda pa galimoto. Malo gha vyakusanguluska gha mu hotelo ya Mzuzu na O Seasons agho kale ghakachemekanga Key Lounge ghakukopa ŵantchito ŵa ku charu chose na vyaru vinyake. Malo ghanyake ghakusanguluskira ni Mzuzu Golf Clib, Villa Kagwentha (iyo yikumanyikwa na disko mise yiliyose ya Chisulo) na Squirrels park. Paliso malo ghakupambanapambana ghakupumulirapo nga ni Lake View Lodge na Mzuzu Sanctuary. Mzuzu Botanic Gardens ili ku Zolozolo. Mungenda mu mapiri gha Kaning'ina. Damu la Gulliver, ilo likupeleka maji ku msumba wa Mzuzu na vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga, likupeleka na malo ghakwenda Gulu lakwamba la Scout (UK) lazenga msasa wa Scout uwo uli na vinthu vinandi kuwaro kwa Mzuzu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kavuzicampsite |url=http://www.campingmalawi.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706065004/http://www.campingmalawi.com/ |archive-date=6 July 2017 |access-date=19 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1st Poulner Scout Group - Kavuzi Campsite |url=http://www.1stpoulnerscouts.org.uk/malawi/kavuzi-campsite/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703092919/http://1stpoulnerscouts.org.uk/malawi/kavuzi-campsite/ |archive-date=3 July 2016 |access-date=19 June 2017 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> == Mayendelo == Ku Mzuzu City kuli ndege ya Mzuzu Airport. Mu 2017, boma likamba kuzenga chiŵanja cha ndege chiphya na chikuru mu chigaŵa cha Dunduzu.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org" /> Msumba wa Mzuzu uli mumphepete mwa msewu ukuru wa M1, uwo ukufuma kumpoto kuya kumwera. Ni malo gha kumpoto kwa msewu wa M5, uwo ukujumpha kumafumiro gha dazi mu mapiri gha Viphya kuya ku Nkhata Bay, ndipo kufuma apo kumwera kufupi na nyanja ya Malawi. == Maseŵera == Mu Mzuzu, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa maseŵero gha bola. Magulu ghaŵiri, Moyale Barracks FC na Mzuni ghakwimira msumba iyi mu ligi ya Malawi. Sitediyamu ya Mzuzu (ya ŵanthu 15,000) ndiyo njimoza pera mu msumba uwu iyo yikazengeka mu 1970. Mu msumba iyi muli magulu ghaŵiri gha basketball, [[Nkhulande]] na [[Pistons]]. == Ŵanthu Ŵakumanyikwa == [[:en:Shepherd_Bushiri|Shepherd Bushiri]], founder of the Enlightened Christian Gathering, is from Mzuzu. Bushiri is also the founder of PSB Network<ref>{{Cite web |title=PSB Network &#124; The Mobile Network That Cares |url=http://www.mypsb.co.za/ |website=Mypsb.co.za |accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> and the Prophetic Channel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prophet Shepherd Bushiri - YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/user/propheticchannelTv |access-date=22 November 2021 |publisher=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> == Chuma == [[File:Mzuzu Market 10.jpg|thumb|Wasenga Brothers|left]] Mzuzu wali na msika wa Wasenga Brothers, uwo ukuchemekaso Msika wa Mzuzu == Ukaboni == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Vigaŵa vya kuwaro == {{commons category-inline}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Msumba mu Boma la Mzimba]] o5me6hrvrqm1uf0xbyzaggh4k43d1u0 121657 121656 2026-09-05T06:39:36Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] ([[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] 105476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->| official_name = Mzuzu | other_name = | native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> | nickname = | settlement_type = Msumba | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = MzuzuMalawi.JPG | imagesize = 300px | image_caption = Mzuzu | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Malawi#Northern Region#Mzimba | pushpin_mapsize = 240 | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Malawi <!-- Location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Malawi}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Malawi|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Northern Region, Malawi|Northern Region]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Malawi|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Mzimba]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Chigaŵa chavisankho]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Chigaŵa chavisankho cha Mzuzu Msumba|Mzuzu Msumba]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->| area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> | population_as_of = 2018 Census<ref>[https://malawi.unfpa.org/sites/...pdf/2018%20Census%20Preliminary%20Report.pdf] {{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 221,272 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = +2 | utc_offset = | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|11.45807|S|34.015131|E|region:MW|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | blank1_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank1_info_sec2 = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cwb)|Cwb]] <!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = | area_code = | blank_name = | blank_info = | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Msumba wa Mzuzu''' ndiwo uli likuru la [[Chigaŵa cha Kumpoto|chigaŵa cha kumpoto]] kwa [[Malaŵi|Malawi]]. Msumba uwu uli na ŵanthu 221,272 na ŵanthu 20,000 (ŵasambiri ŵa Yunivesite ya Mzuzu) ndipo ŵanthu pafupifupi 1.7 miliyoni ŵakukhala mu msumba uwu.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org">{{Cite web |title=Municipal in Malawi, Malawi Municipal, Mzuzu City Assembly welcome, Commonwealth |url=http://www.commonwealth-of-nations.org/Malawi/Municipal/Mzuzu_City_Assembly/welcome |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724031431/http://www.commonwealth-of-nations.org/Malawi/Municipal/Mzuzu_City_Assembly/welcome |archive-date=24 July 2011 |access-date=9 June 2011 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Ili mu chigaŵa cha [[Mzimba (msumba)|Mzimba]]. Muzi wa Mzuzu uli mu mapiri gha Viphya, ndipo chigaŵa icho chili kufupi na msumba uwu chikupambika tiyi, ghamayi, na khofi. Ku vigaŵa vya kumwera kwa msumba uwu kuli nkhorongo yikuru comene iyo ŵanthu ŵali kupanga mu Africa.<ref name="TA">{{cite journal|date=August 2001|title=Malawi: Fragile Forests|journal=Travel Africa Magazine|issue=17|url=http://www.travelafricamag.com/content/view/149/56/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822032058/http://www.travelafricamag.com/content/view/149/56/|archive-date=22 August 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Malo ghanyake agho ghakumanyikwa chomene mu msumba uwu ni Chibavi, Luwinga, Area 1B, Chibanja, Katoto, Zolozolo, Masasa, Mchenga-utuba, Chimaliro, Kaning'ina na Katawa. == Ŵanthu == {{historical populations|11=1977|12=16,108|13=1987|14=51,904|15=1998|16=86,980|17=2008|18=133,968|19=2018|20=221,272|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/malawi/cities/|title=Malawi: Regions, Major Cities, Towns & Urban Localities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|website=Citypopulation.de|access-date=22 November 2021}}</ref>|align=right}} === Mitundu ya Ŵanthu === {{bar box|title=Mitundu mu Msumba wa Mzuzu (2018 Census)<ref name="Census2018" />|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Ethnic Groups|right1=percent|float=right|bars={{bar percent|Tumbuka|darkgreen|51.71}} {{bar percent|Chewa|purple|13.51}} {{bar percent|Ngoni|red|8.09}} {{bar percent|Tonga|black|7.36}} {{bar percent|Nkhonde|orange|4.08}} {{bar percent|Lambya|darkblue|3.75}}{{bar percent|Yao|green|3.59}} {{bar percent|Lomwe|maroon|3.54}} {{bar percent|Sukwa|darkgray|1.07}} {{bar percent|Sena|gray|0.66}} {{bar percent|Mang'anja|tan|0.38}} {{bar percent|Nyanja|lime|0.28}} {{bar percent|Other|Violet|2}}}}Kuyana na kalembera wa 2018, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tumbuka ndiwo ni mtundu ukuru chomene mu msumba uwu. Chigaŵa chikuru cha ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa ichi ni ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chewa. Mitundu yinyake yichoko ni Ngoni na 8.09% ya ŵanthu, Tonga na 7.36%, Nkhonde na 4.08%, Lambya na 3.75%, Yao na 3.59%, Lomwe na 3.54%, Sukwa na 1.07%, Sena na 0.66%, Mang'anja na 0.38%, Nyanja na 0.28%, na mitundu yinyake na 2% ya ŵanthu.<ref name="Census2018">{{cite web |title=2018 Population and Housing Census Main Report |url=http://www.nsomalawi.mw/images/stories/data_on_line/demography/census_2018/2018%20Malawi%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf |access-date=25 December 2019 |publisher=Malawi National Statistical Office}}</ref> === Chisopa === {{Pie chart|thumb=right|caption='''Religions in Mzuzu City (2018 Census)<ref name="Census2018" />'''|label1=Church of Central Africa Presbyterian|value1=28.01|color2=#36A|label2=Catholic|value2=17.28|color1=#6A5|label3=Seventh-day Adventist/Baptist/Apostolic|value3=16.27|color3=#FF33AC|label4=Pentecostal|value4=6.62|color4=#1A9|label5=Anglican|value5=1.58|color5=#E17720|label6=Other Christian|value6=22.21|color6=#F0FF00|label7=Muslim|value7=4.06|color7=#64ECDF|label8=Traditional|value8=0.1|color8=#36A|label9=Other|value9=3.59|color9=#6A5|label10=No Religion|value10=0.28|color10=#FF33AC}}Chisopa chikuru chomene mu Mzuzu ni cha Church of Central Africa Presbyterian icho chili na 28.01%. Chisopa cikuru comene pa visopa vyose ni Chatoliki, ndipo ŵanthu 17.28% ŵali mu cisopa ici. Visopa vinyake vikuruvikuru ni vya Chi Adventist, Baptist, na Apostolic na 16.27% pamoza, Pentecostal na 6.62%, Anglican na 1.58%, visopa vinyake vya Chikhristu na 22.21%, Islam na 4.06%, Traditional na 0.1%, visopa vinyake na 3.59%, na vyakusopa yayi na 0.28% ya msumba.<ref name="Census2018" /> Msumba uwu ukazengeka mu 1947 kuzingilizga munda wa mafuta wa Tung wa Commonwealth Development Corporation ndipo ukasangika mu 1985. Zina lakuti Vizuzu lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti 'Vizuzu' ilo likayowoyeka mwakubudika na ŵazungu. Vizuzu ni vyakumera ivyo vikukura mumphepete mwa mlonga wa Lunyangwa. Vipambi ivi ŵakaviwona kufupi na sukulu ya Mzuzu Government Secondary School iyo yikuchemekaso kuti Area 1A. == Mwambo == Ŵanthu ŵa mu tawuni iyi ŵali na mitheto yakupambanapambana. ChiTumbuka chikuyowoyeka chomene mu chiyowoyero cha Mzuzu kweni viyowoyero vinyake nga ni Chichewa, ChiTonga, Chiswahili, na ChiNgonde navyo vikuyowoyeka. Mu tawuni iyi muli nyumba yakusungiramo vinthu vyakale (iyo yikajulika mu 1986) umo muli vinthu vyakupambanapambana ivyo vikulongora mitheto ya kumpoto.<ref name="Lusaka">{{cite journal|last1=Lusaka|first1=Mwayi|date=4 Jan 2023|title=Curating the nation: Collections, ethnographic representations and heritage production at Museum of Malawi|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311983.2022.2160577|journal=Cogent Arts & Humanities|volume=10|doi=10.1080/23311983.2022.2160577|s2cid=255631526|access-date=26 January 2023}}</ref> Vyakurya ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa ni sima (vyakufuma ku chimanga, panji ku maniyu, panji ku sima ya mayagho), mpunga, na somba ya batala (mormyrid, Mormyrus longirostris). Batala wakufuma ku Nyanja ya Malawi iyo yili kufupi na Nkhata Bay. Vyakurya vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kurya ni: chimanga, nthochi, vibama, koko, maniyu, na mbatata. == Umoyo == Mu tawuni ya Mzuzu muli chipatala cha Mzuzu Central, chimoza mwa vipatala vinayi ivi. Msumba uwu uli na Mapale Health Center iyo yili mu msumba uwu pafupi na Shoprite. Paliso vipatala vinandi vya CHAM nga ni St. John, St. John of God Mental Hospital, Nkhorongo SDA Clinic. Msumba uwu uli na ma clinic gha ŵanthu nga ni: Katoto MASM MEDI Clinic, Mumbwe, Kandindindi Evergreen. Kampani ya Kentam Products Limited iyo yikupanga munkhwala yili ku Mzuzu. == Nyengo == {{Weather box|location=Mzuzu (1961–1990)|metric first=Yes|single line=Yes|Jan high C=25.5|Feb high C=25.6|Mar high C=24.8|Apr high C=23.5|May high C=22.1|Jun high C=20.4|Jul high C=20.3|Aug high C=21.9|Sep high C=25.1|Oct high C=27.2|Nov high C=27.2|Dec high C=26.1|year high C=24.1|Jan mean C=19.9|Feb mean C=20.0|Mar mean C=19.5|Apr mean C=18.7|May mean C=16.4|Jun mean C=13.9|Jul mean C=13.1|Aug mean C=14.0|Sep mean C=16.7|Oct mean C=19.4|Nov mean C=20.5|Dec mean C=20.1|year mean C=17.7|Jan low C=16.1|Feb low C=16.5|Mar low C=16.0|Apr low C=14.9|May low C=11.6|Jun low C=7.9|Jul low C=6.5|Aug low C=6.6|Sep low C=8.7|Oct low C=11.7|Nov low C=14.2|Dec low C=15.9|year low C=12.2|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=203.3|Feb precipitation mm=179.5|Mar precipitation mm=224.1|Apr precipitation mm=213.0|May precipitation mm=58.8|Jun precipitation mm=29.5|Jul precipitation mm=30.1|Aug precipitation mm=11.8|Sep precipitation mm=10.4|Oct precipitation mm=35.4|Nov precipitation mm=95.7|Dec precipitation mm=197.0|year precipitation mm=1288.6|Jan humidity=82|Feb humidity=82|Mar humidity=85|Apr humidity=86|May humidity=85|Jun humidity=84|Jul humidity=83|Aug humidity=77|Sep humidity=67|Oct humidity=62|Nov humidity=70|Dec humidity=80|year humidity=79|unit precipitation days=0.3 mm|Jan precipitation days=20|Feb precipitation days=18|Mar precipitation days=20|Apr precipitation days=19|May precipitation days=9|Jun precipitation days=6|Jul precipitation days=6|Aug precipitation days=3|Sep precipitation days=2|Oct precipitation days=3|Nov precipitation days=9|Dec precipitation days=18|year precipitation days=133|Jan sun=145.7|Feb sun=137.2|Mar sun=164.3|Apr sun=171.0|May sun=217.0|Jun sun=219.0|Jul sun=238.7|Aug sun=275.9|Sep sun=288.0|Oct sun=300.7|Nov sun=252.0|Dec sun=176.7|year sun=2586.2|Jand sun=4.7|Febd sun=4.9|Mard sun=5.3|Aprd sun=5.7|Mayd sun=7.0|Jund sun=7.3|Juld sun=7.7|Augd sun=8.9|Sepd sun=9.6|Octd sun=9.7|Novd sun=8.4|Decd sun=5.7|yeard sun=|source 1=NOAA<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/MW/67489.TXT | title = Mzuzu Climate Normals 1961–1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | access-date = 10 August 2016}}</ref>}} == Chuma na vinthu vinyake == Malo agha ndigho ghakupangika khofi, makuni, vipambi, mkaka na uchi. Vinthu ivi ni munkhwala, vyakutoweskera, na makuni. Chifukwa cha Yunivesite ya Mzuzu, msumba uwu uli na ŵanthu ŵaluso comene. Muziwu uli na malo ghawemi ghakulondezgako vyakurya, kweni wachali kupanga magesi. Ndalama zikwenda makora cifukwa ca mabanki ghaphya.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org" />Kweniso ku malo agha kuli mabizinesi ghachoko na ghapakati agho ghakupeleka mauthenga gha pa foni, mawebusayiti, na mashopu. Vinthu vyakupambanapambana nga ni Chipiku, Peoples Trading, na A.C. Opticals vilipo. Msumba uwu ndiwo uli na makampani gha Mzuzu Coffee, Kentam Products Limited, Mzupaso Paints Limited na magazini ya Northern Life. Mzuzu wali na misika yikuru yiŵiri, kusazgapo Msika wa Taifa uwo ukuguliska vipasi, vyakuvwara, mafoni, skapato na vinthu vinyake. == Masambiro == Mu tawuni iyi ndimo muli Yunivesite ya Mzuzu, iyo yikambika mu 1999. Yunivesite iyi yili na masukulu ghankhondi: Tourism and Hospitality Management, Education, Health Sciences, Environmental Sciences and Information and Library Science. Sukulu ya Mzuzu Technical College, iyo yikaŵako mu 1958 na Ŵadada Ŵatuŵa, yili ku Mzuzu. Muli masukulu ghakuru gha ku mpoto, kusazgapo Marymount Secondary School, Wukani private Secondary School, Katoto Government Secondary School, Zolozolo Community Day Secondary School Viphya Schools na Mzuzu Academy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Homepage |url=http://www.mzuzuacademy.org |publisher=mzuzuacademy.org}}</ref> The city also has several primary schools such as Wukani, Trust Academy, Wongani private primary school [run by MIC Catholic Sisters], Beehive and Hilltop schools. == Umoyo == Msumba wa Mzuzu uli na makuni ghanandi kweniso mapiri. Mu msumba uwu muli makuni ghanandi gha miombo. Kumpoto na kumwera kwa msumba uwu kuli mapiri gha Viphya agho ghali na utheka na makuni. Ŵanyake ŵakuti Viphya Plantation iyo yili mu mapiri kumwera kwa msumba uwu ndiyo nkhorongo yikuru comene mu Africa. Mu nyengo yakuzizima, mu Mzuzu mukuzizima comene. === Ulimi === Mu msumba uwu muli vyakurya vinandi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuliska tiyi, gombi, na khofi. == Ulendo == Ku malo agha kuli nyanja ya Malawi iyo yili na mchenga, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kusambira mu maji. Nyika National Park, ni paki yikuru comene ya ku Malawi, ndipo yikusambizga ŵanthu kwenda mu mapiri, kukwera njinga, kwenda pa mahaci, na kwenda pa galimoto. Malo gha vyakusanguluska gha mu hotelo ya Mzuzu na O Seasons agho kale ghakachemekanga Key Lounge ghakukopa ŵantchito ŵa ku charu chose na vyaru vinyake. Malo ghanyake ghakusanguluskira ni Mzuzu Golf Clib, Villa Kagwentha (iyo yikumanyikwa na disko mise yiliyose ya Chisulo) na Squirrels park. Paliso malo ghakupambanapambana ghakupumulirapo nga ni Lake View Lodge na Mzuzu Sanctuary. Mzuzu Botanic Gardens ili ku Zolozolo. Mungenda mu mapiri gha Kaning'ina. Damu la Gulliver, ilo likupeleka maji ku msumba wa Mzuzu na vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga, likupeleka na malo ghakwenda Gulu lakwamba la Scout (UK) lazenga msasa wa Scout uwo uli na vinthu vinandi kuwaro kwa Mzuzu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kavuzicampsite |url=http://www.campingmalawi.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706065004/http://www.campingmalawi.com/ |archive-date=6 July 2017 |access-date=19 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1st Poulner Scout Group - Kavuzi Campsite |url=http://www.1stpoulnerscouts.org.uk/malawi/kavuzi-campsite/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703092919/http://1stpoulnerscouts.org.uk/malawi/kavuzi-campsite/ |archive-date=3 July 2016 |access-date=19 June 2017 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> == Mayendelo == Ku Mzuzu City kuli ndege ya Mzuzu Airport. Mu 2017, boma likamba kuzenga chiŵanja cha ndege chiphya na chikuru mu chigaŵa cha Dunduzu.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org" /> Msumba wa Mzuzu uli mumphepete mwa msewu ukuru wa M1, uwo ukufuma kumpoto kuya kumwera. Ni malo gha kumpoto kwa msewu wa M5, uwo ukujumpha kumafumiro gha dazi mu mapiri gha Viphya kuya ku Nkhata Bay, ndipo kufuma apo kumwera kufupi na nyanja ya Malawi. == Maseŵera == Mu Mzuzu, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa maseŵero gha bola. Magulu ghaŵiri, Moyale Barracks FC na Mzuni ghakwimira tawuni iyi mu ligi ya Malawi. Sitediyamu ya Mzuzu (ya ŵanthu 15,000) ndiyo njimoza pera mu msumba uwu iyo yikazengeka mu 1970. Mu tawuni iyi muli magulu ghaŵiri gha basketball, [[Nkhulande]] na [[Pistons]]. == Ŵanthu Ŵakumanyikwa == [[:en:Shepherd_Bushiri|Shepherd Bushiri]], founder of the Enlightened Christian Gathering, is from Mzuzu. Bushiri is also the founder of PSB Network<ref>{{Cite web |title=PSB Network &#124; The Mobile Network That Cares |url=http://www.mypsb.co.za/ |website=Mypsb.co.za |accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> and the Prophetic Channel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prophet Shepherd Bushiri - YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/user/propheticchannelTv |access-date=22 November 2021 |publisher=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> == Chuma == [[File:Mzuzu Market 10.jpg|thumb|Wasenga Brothers|left]] Mzuzu wali na msika wa Wasenga Brothers, uwo ukuchemekaso Msika wa Mzuzu == Ukaboni == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Vigaŵa vya kuwaro == {{commons category-inline}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Msumba mu Boma la Mzimba]] 3gn8lefi0c14kab0qj12lrptnz7gl8e 121658 121657 2026-09-05T06:40:31Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->| official_name = Mzuzu | other_name = | native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> | nickname = | settlement_type = Msumba | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = MzuzuMalawi.JPG | imagesize = 300px | image_caption = Mzuzu | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Malawi#Northern Region#Mzimba | pushpin_mapsize = 240 | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Malawi <!-- Location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Malawi}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Malawi|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Northern Region, Malawi|Northern Region]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Malawi|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Mzimba]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Chigaŵa chavisankho]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Chigaŵa chavisankho cha Mzuzu Msumba|Mzuzu Msumba]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->| area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> | population_as_of = 2018 Census<ref>[https://malawi.unfpa.org/sites/...pdf/2018%20Census%20Preliminary%20Report.pdf] {{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 221,272 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = +2 | utc_offset = | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|11.45807|S|34.015131|E|region:MW|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | blank1_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank1_info_sec2 = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cwb)|Cwb]] <!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = | area_code = | blank_name = | blank_info = | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Msumba wa Mzuzu''' ndiwo uli likuru la [[Chigaŵa cha Kumpoto|chigaŵa cha kumpoto]] kwa [[Malaŵi|Malawi]]. Msumba uwu uli na ŵanthu 221,272 na ŵanthu 20,000 (ŵasambiri ŵa Yunivesite ya Mzuzu) ndipo ŵanthu pafupifupi 1.7 miliyoni ŵakukhala mu msumba uwu.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org">{{Cite web |title=Municipal in Malawi, Malawi Municipal, Mzuzu City Assembly welcome, Commonwealth |url=http://www.commonwealth-of-nations.org/Malawi/Municipal/Mzuzu_City_Assembly/welcome |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724031431/http://www.commonwealth-of-nations.org/Malawi/Municipal/Mzuzu_City_Assembly/welcome |archive-date=24 July 2011 |access-date=9 June 2011 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Ili mu chigaŵa cha [[Mzimba (msumba)|Mzimba]]. Muzi wa Mzuzu uli mu mapiri gha Viphya, ndipo chigaŵa icho chili kufupi na msumba uwu chikupambika tiyi, ghamayi, na khofi. Ku vigaŵa vya kumwera kwa msumba uwu kuli nkhorongo yikuru chomene iyo ŵanthu ŵali kupanga mu Africa.<ref name="TA">{{cite journal|date=August 2001|title=Malawi: Fragile Forests|journal=Travel Africa Magazine|issue=17|url=http://www.travelafricamag.com/content/view/149/56/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822032058/http://www.travelafricamag.com/content/view/149/56/|archive-date=22 August 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Malo ghanyake agho ghakumanyikwa chomene mu msumba uwu ni Chibavi, Luwinga, Area 1B, Chibanja, Katoto, Zolozolo, Masasa, Mchenga-utuba, Chimaliro, Kaning'ina na Katawa. == Ŵanthu == {{historical populations|11=1977|12=16,108|13=1987|14=51,904|15=1998|16=86,980|17=2008|18=133,968|19=2018|20=221,272|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/malawi/cities/|title=Malawi: Regions, Major Cities, Towns & Urban Localities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|website=Citypopulation.de|access-date=22 November 2021}}</ref>|align=right}} === Mitundu ya Ŵanthu === {{bar box|title=Mitundu mu Msumba wa Mzuzu (2018 Census)<ref name="Census2018" />|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Ethnic Groups|right1=percent|float=right|bars={{bar percent|Tumbuka|darkgreen|51.71}} {{bar percent|Chewa|purple|13.51}} {{bar percent|Ngoni|red|8.09}} {{bar percent|Tonga|black|7.36}} {{bar percent|Nkhonde|orange|4.08}} {{bar percent|Lambya|darkblue|3.75}}{{bar percent|Yao|green|3.59}} {{bar percent|Lomwe|maroon|3.54}} {{bar percent|Sukwa|darkgray|1.07}} {{bar percent|Sena|gray|0.66}} {{bar percent|Mang'anja|tan|0.38}} {{bar percent|Nyanja|lime|0.28}} {{bar percent|Other|Violet|2}}}}Kuyana na kalembera wa 2018, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Tumbuka ndiwo ni mtundu ukuru chomene mu msumba uwu. Chigaŵa chikuru cha ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa ichi ni ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chewa. Mitundu yinyake yichoko ni Ngoni na 8.09% ya ŵanthu, Tonga na 7.36%, Nkhonde na 4.08%, Lambya na 3.75%, Yao na 3.59%, Lomwe na 3.54%, Sukwa na 1.07%, Sena na 0.66%, Mang'anja na 0.38%, Nyanja na 0.28%, na mitundu yinyake na 2% ya ŵanthu.<ref name="Census2018">{{cite web |title=2018 Population and Housing Census Main Report |url=http://www.nsomalawi.mw/images/stories/data_on_line/demography/census_2018/2018%20Malawi%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf |access-date=25 December 2019 |publisher=Malawi National Statistical Office}}</ref> === Chisopa === {{Pie chart|thumb=right|caption='''Religions in Mzuzu City (2018 Census)<ref name="Census2018" />'''|label1=Church of Central Africa Presbyterian|value1=28.01|color2=#36A|label2=Catholic|value2=17.28|color1=#6A5|label3=Seventh-day Adventist/Baptist/Apostolic|value3=16.27|color3=#FF33AC|label4=Pentecostal|value4=6.62|color4=#1A9|label5=Anglican|value5=1.58|color5=#E17720|label6=Other Christian|value6=22.21|color6=#F0FF00|label7=Muslim|value7=4.06|color7=#64ECDF|label8=Traditional|value8=0.1|color8=#36A|label9=Other|value9=3.59|color9=#6A5|label10=No Religion|value10=0.28|color10=#FF33AC}}Chisopa chikuru chomene mu Mzuzu ni cha Church of Central Africa Presbyterian icho chili na 28.01%. Chisopa cikuru chomene pa visopa vyose ni Chatoliki, ndipo ŵanthu 17.28% ŵali mu cisopa ichi. Visopa vinyake vikuruvikuru ni vya Chi Adventist, Baptist, na Apostolic na 16.27% pamoza, Pentecostal na 6.62%, Anglican na 1.58%, visopa vinyake vya Chikhristu na 22.21%, Islam na 4.06%, Traditional na 0.1%, visopa vinyake na 3.59%, na vyakusopa yayi na 0.28% ya msumba.<ref name="Census2018" /> Msumba uwu ukazengeka mu 1947 kuzingilizga munda wa mafuta wa Tung wa Commonwealth Development Corporation ndipo ukasangika mu 1985. Zina lakuti Vizuzu lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti 'Vizuzu' ilo likayowoyeka mwakubudika na ŵazungu. Vizuzu ni vyakumera ivyo vikukura mumphepete mwa mlonga wa Lunyangwa. Vipambi ivi ŵakaviwona kufupi na sukulu ya Mzuzu Government Secondary School iyo yikuchemekaso kuti Area 1A. == Mwambo == Ŵanthu ŵa mu msumba iyi ŵali na mitheto yakupambanapambana. ChiTumbuka chikuyowoyeka chomene mu chiyowoyero cha Mzuzu kweni viyowoyero vinyake nga ni Chichewa, ChiTonga, Chiswahili, na ChiNgonde navyo vikuyowoyeka. Mu msumba iyi muli nyumba yakusungiramo vinthu vyakale (iyo yikajulika mu 1986) umo muli vinthu vyakupambanapambana ivyo vikulongora mitheto ya kumpoto.<ref name="Lusaka">{{cite journal|last1=Lusaka|first1=Mwayi|date=4 Jan 2023|title=Curating the nation: Collections, ethnographic representations and heritage production at Museum of Malawi|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311983.2022.2160577|journal=Cogent Arts & Humanities|volume=10|doi=10.1080/23311983.2022.2160577|s2cid=255631526|access-date=26 January 2023}}</ref> Vyakurya ivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa ni sima (vyakufuma ku chimanga, panji ku maniyu, panji ku sima ya mayagho), mpunga, na somba ya batala (mormyrid, Mormyrus longirostris). Batala wakufuma ku Nyanja ya Malawi iyo yili kufupi na Nkhata Bay. Vyakurya vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kurya ni: chimanga, nthochi, vibama, koko, maniyu, na mbatata. == Umoyo == Mu msumba ya Mzuzu muli chipatala cha Mzuzu Central, chimoza mwa vipatala vinayi ivi. Msumba uwu uli na Mapale Health Center iyo yili mu msumba uwu pafupi na Shoprite. Paliso vipatala vinandi vya CHAM nga ni St. John, St. John of God Mental Hospital, Nkhorongo SDA Clinic. Msumba uwu uli na ma clinic gha ŵanthu nga ni: Katoto MASM MEDI Clinic, Mumbwe, Kandindindi Evergreen. Kampani ya Kentam Products Limited iyo yikupanga munkhwala yili ku Mzuzu. == Nyengo == {{Weather box|location=Mzuzu (1961–1990)|metric first=Yes|single line=Yes|Jan high C=25.5|Feb high C=25.6|Mar high C=24.8|Apr high C=23.5|May high C=22.1|Jun high C=20.4|Jul high C=20.3|Aug high C=21.9|Sep high C=25.1|Oct high C=27.2|Nov high C=27.2|Dec high C=26.1|year high C=24.1|Jan mean C=19.9|Feb mean C=20.0|Mar mean C=19.5|Apr mean C=18.7|May mean C=16.4|Jun mean C=13.9|Jul mean C=13.1|Aug mean C=14.0|Sep mean C=16.7|Oct mean C=19.4|Nov mean C=20.5|Dec mean C=20.1|year mean C=17.7|Jan low C=16.1|Feb low C=16.5|Mar low C=16.0|Apr low C=14.9|May low C=11.6|Jun low C=7.9|Jul low C=6.5|Aug low C=6.6|Sep low C=8.7|Oct low C=11.7|Nov low C=14.2|Dec low C=15.9|year low C=12.2|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=203.3|Feb precipitation mm=179.5|Mar precipitation mm=224.1|Apr precipitation mm=213.0|May precipitation mm=58.8|Jun precipitation mm=29.5|Jul precipitation mm=30.1|Aug precipitation mm=11.8|Sep precipitation mm=10.4|Oct precipitation mm=35.4|Nov precipitation mm=95.7|Dec precipitation mm=197.0|year precipitation mm=1288.6|Jan humidity=82|Feb humidity=82|Mar humidity=85|Apr humidity=86|May humidity=85|Jun humidity=84|Jul humidity=83|Aug humidity=77|Sep humidity=67|Oct humidity=62|Nov humidity=70|Dec humidity=80|year humidity=79|unit precipitation days=0.3 mm|Jan precipitation days=20|Feb precipitation days=18|Mar precipitation days=20|Apr precipitation days=19|May precipitation days=9|Jun precipitation days=6|Jul precipitation days=6|Aug precipitation days=3|Sep precipitation days=2|Oct precipitation days=3|Nov precipitation days=9|Dec precipitation days=18|year precipitation days=133|Jan sun=145.7|Feb sun=137.2|Mar sun=164.3|Apr sun=171.0|May sun=217.0|Jun sun=219.0|Jul sun=238.7|Aug sun=275.9|Sep sun=288.0|Oct sun=300.7|Nov sun=252.0|Dec sun=176.7|year sun=2586.2|Jand sun=4.7|Febd sun=4.9|Mard sun=5.3|Aprd sun=5.7|Mayd sun=7.0|Jund sun=7.3|Juld sun=7.7|Augd sun=8.9|Sepd sun=9.6|Octd sun=9.7|Novd sun=8.4|Decd sun=5.7|yeard sun=|source 1=NOAA<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/MW/67489.TXT | title = Mzuzu Climate Normals 1961–1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | access-date = 10 August 2016}}</ref>}} == Chuma na vinthu vinyake == Malo agha ndigho ghakupangika khofi, makuni, vipambi, mkaka na uchi. Vinthu ivi ni munkhwala, vyakutoweskera, na makuni. Chifukwa cha Yunivesite ya Mzuzu, msumba uwu uli na ŵanthu ŵaluso chomene. Muziwu uli na malo ghawemi ghakulondezgako vyakurya, kweni wachali kupanga magesi. Ndalama zikwenda makora cifukwa ca mabanki ghaphya.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org" />Kweniso ku malo agha kuli mabizinesi ghachoko na ghapakati agho ghakupeleka mauthenga gha pa foni, mawebusayiti, na mashopu. Vinthu vyakupambanapambana nga ni Chipiku, Peoples Trading, na A.C. Opticals vilipo. Msumba uwu ndiwo uli na makampani gha Mzuzu Coffee, Kentam Products Limited, Mzupaso Paints Limited na magazini ya Northern Life. Mzuzu wali na misika yikuru yiŵiri, kusazgapo Msika wa Taifa uwo ukuguliska vipasi, vyakuvwara, mafoni, skapato na vinthu vinyake. == Masambiro == Mu msumba iyi ndimo muli Yunivesite ya Mzuzu, iyo yikambika mu 1999. Yunivesite iyi yili na masukulu ghankhondi: Tourism and Hospitality Management, Education, Health Sciences, Environmental Sciences and Information and Library Science. Sukulu ya Mzuzu Technical College, iyo yikaŵako mu 1958 na Ŵadada Ŵatuŵa, yili ku Mzuzu. Muli masukulu ghakuru gha ku mpoto, kusazgapo Marymount Secondary School, Wukani private Secondary School, Katoto Government Secondary School, Zolozolo Community Day Secondary School Viphya Schools na Mzuzu Academy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Homepage |url=http://www.mzuzuacademy.org |publisher=mzuzuacademy.org}}</ref> The city also has several primary schools such as Wukani, Trust Academy, Wongani private primary school [run by MIC Catholic Sisters], Beehive and Hilltop schools. == Umoyo == Msumba wa Mzuzu uli na makuni ghanandi kweniso mapiri. Mu msumba uwu muli makuni ghanandi gha miombo. Kumpoto na kumwera kwa msumba uwu kuli mapiri gha Viphya agho ghali na utheka na makuni. Ŵanyake ŵakuti Viphya Plantation iyo yili mu mapiri kumwera kwa msumba uwu ndiyo nkhorongo yikuru chomene mu Africa. Mu nyengo yakuzizima, mu Mzuzu mukuzizima chomene. === Ulimi === Mu msumba uwu muli vyakurya vinandi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuliska tiyi, gombi, na khofi. == Ulendo == Ku malo agha kuli nyanja ya Malawi iyo yili na mchenga, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kusambira mu maji. Nyika National Park, ni paki yikuru chomene ya ku Malawi, ndipo yikusambizga ŵanthu kwenda mu mapiri, kukwera njinga, kwenda pa mahaci, na kwenda pa galimoto. Malo gha vyakusanguluska gha mu hotelo ya Mzuzu na O Seasons agho kale ghakachemekanga Key Lounge ghakukopa ŵantchito ŵa ku charu chose na vyaru vinyake. Malo ghanyake ghakusanguluskira ni Mzuzu Golf Clib, Villa Kagwentha (iyo yikumanyikwa na disko mise yiliyose ya Chisulo) na Squirrels park. Paliso malo ghakupambanapambana ghakupumulirapo nga ni Lake View Lodge na Mzuzu Sanctuary. Mzuzu Botanic Gardens ili ku Zolozolo. Mungenda mu mapiri gha Kaning'ina. Damu la Gulliver, ilo likupeleka maji ku msumba wa Mzuzu na vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga, likupeleka na malo ghakwenda Gulu lakwamba la Scout (UK) lazenga msasa wa Scout uwo uli na vinthu vinandi kuwaro kwa Mzuzu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kavuzicampsite |url=http://www.campingmalawi.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706065004/http://www.campingmalawi.com/ |archive-date=6 July 2017 |access-date=19 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1st Poulner Scout Group - Kavuzi Campsite |url=http://www.1stpoulnerscouts.org.uk/malawi/kavuzi-campsite/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703092919/http://1stpoulnerscouts.org.uk/malawi/kavuzi-campsite/ |archive-date=3 July 2016 |access-date=19 June 2017 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> == Mayendelo == Ku Mzuzu City kuli ndege ya Mzuzu Airport. Mu 2017, boma likamba kuzenga chiŵanja cha ndege chiphya na chikuru mu chigaŵa cha Dunduzu.<ref name="commonwealth-of-nations.org" /> Msumba wa Mzuzu uli mumphepete mwa msewu ukuru wa M1, uwo ukufuma kumpoto kuya kumwera. Ni malo gha kumpoto kwa msewu wa M5, uwo ukujumpha kumafumiro gha dazi mu mapiri gha Viphya kuya ku Nkhata Bay, ndipo kufuma apo kumwera kufupi na nyanja ya Malawi. == Maseŵera == Mu Mzuzu, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa maseŵero gha bola. Magulu ghaŵiri, Moyale Barracks FC na Mzuni ghakwimira msumba iyi mu ligi ya Malawi. Sitediyamu ya Mzuzu (ya ŵanthu 15,000) ndiyo njimoza pera mu msumba uwu iyo yikazengeka mu 1970. Mu msumba iyi muli magulu ghaŵiri gha basketball, [[Nkhulande]] na [[Pistons]]. == Ŵanthu Ŵakumanyikwa == [[:en:Shepherd_Bushiri|Shepherd Bushiri]], founder of the Enlightened Christian Gathering, is from Mzuzu. Bushiri is also the founder of PSB Network<ref>{{Cite web |title=PSB Network &#124; The Mobile Network That Cares |url=http://www.mypsb.co.za/ |website=Mypsb.co.za |accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> and the Prophetic Channel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prophet Shepherd Bushiri - YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/user/propheticchannelTv |access-date=22 November 2021 |publisher=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> == Chuma == [[File:Mzuzu Market 10.jpg|thumb|Wasenga Brothers|left]] Mzuzu wali na msika wa Wasenga Brothers, uwo ukuchemekaso Msika wa Mzuzu == Ukaboni == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Vigaŵa vya kuwaro == {{commons category-inline}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Msumba mu Boma la Mzimba]] m9hgxzwb9n4edljzlbw5epbja1dd6ny 10 20489 121121 54004 2026-08-11T06:32:37Z en>Izno 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1368534078|1368534078]] by [[Special:Contributions/Izno|Izno]] ([[User talk:Izno|talk]]) [[WT:CS1#Stripmarkers_in_titles_with_template_mathematics]] for temporary 54003 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 8k22bfpb1fumx1hoy2fvyn75gfrondy 121122 121121 2026-09-04T22:09:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Mvar]] 54003 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 8k22bfpb1fumx1hoy2fvyn75gfrondy 10 20515 121547 54067 2026-03-27T18:00:26Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Wikipedia editor navigation templates]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 267 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox | name = Wikipedia editor navigation templates | title = [[Template:Wikipedia editor navigation templates|Wikipedia editor navigation templates]] | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} | group1 = Help page navboxes | list1 = * [[Template:Wikipedia accounts|Accounts]] * [[Template:Administrators' guide|Administrators' guide]] * [[Template:Basic information|Basic information]] * [[Template:Wikipedia categorization navbox|Categorization]] * [[Template:Citation metadata navbox|Citation metadata]] * [[Template:CSS and JS MediaWiki messages|CSS and JS files]] * [[Template:Wikipedia directories|Directories and indexes]] * [[Template:Wikipedia dos and don'ts|Dos and don'ts]] * [[Template:Wikipedia essays|Essays]] ** [[Template:User essays|User essays]] * [[Template:Handling miscellanea|Handling miscellanea]] * [[Template:Help desk searches|Help desk searches]] * [[Template:Wikipedia help pages|Help pages]] * [[Template:IPA keys|IPA keys]] * [[Template:List navbox|Lists]] * [[Template:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]] * [[Template:MediaWiki messages|MediaWiki messages]] * [[Template:Wikipedia principles|Principles]] * [[Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines|Policies and guidelines]] * [[Template:Wikipedia referencing|Referencing]] * [[Template:Relevance and scope|Relevance and scope]] * [[Template:Rule summaries|Rule summaries]] * [[Template:Wikipedia sockpuppetry|Sock puppetry]] * [[Template:Speedy deletion navbox|Speedy deletion navbox]] * [[Template:Wikipedia technical help|Technical help]] * [[Template:Wikipedia templates|Templates]] ** [[Template:Quicktemplates|Quick templates]] * [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox|User scripts]] * [[Template:Writing guides|Writing guides]] | group2 = Community navboxes | list2 = * [[Template:Active Wiki Fixup Projects|Active Wiki Fixup Projects]] * [[Template:Arbitration Committee Elections|ArbCom Elections]] * [[Template:Wikipedia community|Community]] * [[Template:Core topics|Core topics]] * [[Template:Deletion debates navbar|Deletion debates]] * [[Template:Goings-on|Goings-on]] * [[Template:History of Wikipedia|History of Wikipedia]] * [[Template:Wikipedia in the media|In the media]] * [[Template:AbuseNavigation|Long term abuse]] * [[Template:Noticeboard links|Noticeboards]] ** [[Template:Regional Wikipedian notice boards|Regional notice boards]] * [[Template:Main Page topics|Main Page topics]] * [[Wikipedia:Meetup Box|Meetups]] * [[Template:Awards, decorations, and medals of Wikipedia|Orders, decorations, and medals]] * [[Template:Requested content|Requested articles]] ** [[Template:Requested articles navbox|Requested articles by country]] * [[Template:Requests for permissions|Requests for permissions]] * [[Template:RfA Navigation|RfA]] ** [[Template:Requests for adminship by year|RfA by year]] * [[Template:RFC list footer|RFC list]] * [[Template:BJAODN|Silly things]] * [[Wikipedia:Teahouse/Host_navigation|Teahouse host pages]] * [[Template:Transwiki maintenance|Transwiki maintenance]] * [[Template:WikiFauna|WikiFauna]] * [[Template:Wikipediholism|Wikipediholism]] * [[Template:WikiProject Footer|WikiProjects]] | group3 = Other navboxes | list3 = * [[Template:Help desk searches|Help desk searches]] * [[Template:User toolbox|User toolbox]] ** [[Template:RfA toolbox|RfA/RfB]] * [[Template:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]] ** [[Template:Wikipedias|Languages]] * [[Template:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] * [[Template:TWLJ|The Wikipedia Library resources]] ** [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|The Wikipedia Library Navbox]] | group4 = All-in-one navboxes | list4 = * [[Template:Wikipedia editor navigation|Editor navigation]] * [[Template:Useful links|Useful links]] * [[Template:Tools|Tools]] | group5 = Rule sidebars | list5 = * [[Template:Guideline list|Guideline list]] ** [[Template:Style|Manual of Style]] ** [[Template:Notability guide|Notability guide]] * [[Template:Policy list|Policy list]] ** [[Template:Naming conventions|Naming conventions]] ** [[Template:Conduct policy list|Conduct policy]] ** [[Template:Content policy list|Content policy]] ** [[Template:Deletion policy list|Deletion policy]] ** [[Template:Enforcement policy list|Enforcement policy]] ** [[Template:Legal policy list|Legal policy]] ** [[Template:Wikipedia vandalism|Vandalism]] * [[Template:Wikipedia content|Content]] | group6 = Other help sidebars | list6 = * [[Template:About Wikipedia|About Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu|Accessibility]] * [[Template:Article creation|Article creation]] * [[Template:Article resources|Article resources]] * [[Template:Wikipedia copyright|Copyright]] * [[Template:Contributing to Wikipedia|Contributing to Wikipedia]] * [[Template:Dabnav|Disambiguation]] * [[Template:Arguments|Discussions]] * [[Template:Editor toc|Editing]] * [[Template:Essay list|Essay]] * [[Template:FAPath|Featured article path]] * [[Template:Glossaries|Glossaries]] * [[Template:Linking and page manipulation|Linking and page manipulation]] * [[Template:Namespaces|Namespaces]] * [[Wikipedia:Processes/Wikipedia processes|Processes]] * [[Template:Reader help|Reader help]] * [[Template:Tutorials|Tutorials]] * [[Template:Wikimedia user access levels|User access levels]] * [[Template:VisualEditor navbox|VisualEditor]] * [[Template:Wikitext navbox|Wiki markup]] * [[Wikipedia:User page design center/Navigation aids/Nav header editing/Wikipedian philosophies|Wikipedian philosophies]] | group7 = Community sidebars | list7 = * [[Template:MiniAWFP|Active Wiki Fixup Projects]] * [[Template:AFMPbox|April Fool's Day Main Page]] * [[Template:ArbCom sidebar|Arbitration Committee]] * [[Template:Wikipedia Awards|Awards]] * [[Template:COTWs|Collaborations]] * [[Template:Precedents|Common decisions and arguments]] * [[Template:CSD-categories|CSD-categories]] * [[Template:Deletion debates|Deletion debates]] ** [[Template:Deletion tools|Deletion tools]] * [[Template:Dispute-resolution|Dispute resolution]] * [[Template:Newpagesbox|New Page Patrol]] * [[Template:Rewardboardpages|Reward Board]] * [[Template:Resources for collaboration|Resources for maintenance and collaboration]] * [[Template:SPI navigation|Sockpuppet investigations]] * [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/Templates/Navigation|Signpost]] * [[Template:Translation department|Translation department]] * [[Template:WikiStats|WikiStats]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Directory/Links|WikiProjects]] | group8 = Bar-style headers | list8 = * [[Template:Botnav|Bots]] * [[Template:Header navbar community|Community]] * [[Template:Edit filter navigation|Edit filter]] * [[Template:Help pages header|Help pages]] * [[Template:Medcom menu|Mediation Committee]] * [[Template:Wikipedia programs|Programs]] * [[Template:Header navbar WikiProjects|WikiProjects]] | below = For navboxes that link mostly to templates see the [[Template:Wikipedia templates|template navbox]]. See also [[:Category:WikiProject navigational templates|WikiProject navigation]] and [[:Category:Wikipedia meetups navigation templates|meetup]] categories. }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> nba14ahsiuu9zboxg4iap7j5bu9g4qd 121548 121547 2026-09-04T22:18:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Wikipedia_editor_navigation_templates]] 121547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{navbox | name = Wikipedia editor navigation templates | title = [[Template:Wikipedia editor navigation templates|Wikipedia editor navigation templates]] | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} | group1 = Help page navboxes | list1 = * [[Template:Wikipedia accounts|Accounts]] * [[Template:Administrators' guide|Administrators' guide]] * [[Template:Basic information|Basic information]] * [[Template:Wikipedia categorization navbox|Categorization]] * [[Template:Citation metadata navbox|Citation metadata]] * [[Template:CSS and JS MediaWiki messages|CSS and JS files]] * [[Template:Wikipedia directories|Directories and indexes]] * [[Template:Wikipedia dos and don'ts|Dos and don'ts]] * [[Template:Wikipedia essays|Essays]] ** [[Template:User essays|User essays]] * [[Template:Handling miscellanea|Handling miscellanea]] * [[Template:Help desk searches|Help desk searches]] * [[Template:Wikipedia help pages|Help pages]] * [[Template:IPA keys|IPA keys]] * [[Template:List navbox|Lists]] * [[Template:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]] * [[Template:MediaWiki messages|MediaWiki messages]] * [[Template:Wikipedia principles|Principles]] * [[Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines|Policies and guidelines]] * [[Template:Wikipedia referencing|Referencing]] * [[Template:Relevance and scope|Relevance and scope]] * [[Template:Rule summaries|Rule summaries]] * [[Template:Wikipedia sockpuppetry|Sock puppetry]] * [[Template:Speedy deletion navbox|Speedy deletion navbox]] * [[Template:Wikipedia technical help|Technical help]] * [[Template:Wikipedia templates|Templates]] ** [[Template:Quicktemplates|Quick templates]] * [[Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox|User scripts]] * [[Template:Writing guides|Writing guides]] | group2 = Community navboxes | list2 = * [[Template:Active Wiki Fixup Projects|Active Wiki Fixup Projects]] * [[Template:Arbitration Committee Elections|ArbCom Elections]] * [[Template:Wikipedia community|Community]] * [[Template:Core topics|Core topics]] * [[Template:Deletion debates navbar|Deletion debates]] * [[Template:Goings-on|Goings-on]] * [[Template:History of Wikipedia|History of Wikipedia]] * [[Template:Wikipedia in the media|In the media]] * [[Template:AbuseNavigation|Long term abuse]] * [[Template:Noticeboard links|Noticeboards]] ** [[Template:Regional Wikipedian notice boards|Regional notice boards]] * [[Template:Main Page topics|Main Page topics]] * [[Wikipedia:Meetup Box|Meetups]] * [[Template:Awards, decorations, and medals of Wikipedia|Orders, decorations, and medals]] * [[Template:Requested content|Requested articles]] ** [[Template:Requested articles navbox|Requested articles by country]] * [[Template:Requests for permissions|Requests for permissions]] * [[Template:RfA Navigation|RfA]] ** [[Template:Requests for adminship by year|RfA by year]] * [[Template:RFC list footer|RFC list]] * [[Template:BJAODN|Silly things]] * [[Wikipedia:Teahouse/Host_navigation|Teahouse host pages]] * [[Template:Transwiki maintenance|Transwiki maintenance]] * [[Template:WikiFauna|WikiFauna]] * [[Template:Wikipediholism|Wikipediholism]] * [[Template:WikiProject Footer|WikiProjects]] | group3 = Other navboxes | list3 = * [[Template:Help desk searches|Help desk searches]] * [[Template:User toolbox|User toolbox]] ** [[Template:RfA toolbox|RfA/RfB]] * [[Template:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]] ** [[Template:Wikipedias|Languages]] * [[Template:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] * [[Template:TWLJ|The Wikipedia Library resources]] ** [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|The Wikipedia Library Navbox]] | group4 = All-in-one navboxes | list4 = * [[Template:Wikipedia editor navigation|Editor navigation]] * [[Template:Useful links|Useful links]] * [[Template:Tools|Tools]] | group5 = Rule sidebars | list5 = * [[Template:Guideline list|Guideline list]] ** [[Template:Style|Manual of Style]] ** [[Template:Notability guide|Notability guide]] * [[Template:Policy list|Policy list]] ** [[Template:Naming conventions|Naming conventions]] ** [[Template:Conduct policy list|Conduct policy]] ** [[Template:Content policy list|Content policy]] ** [[Template:Deletion policy list|Deletion policy]] ** [[Template:Enforcement policy list|Enforcement policy]] ** [[Template:Legal policy list|Legal policy]] ** [[Template:Wikipedia vandalism|Vandalism]] * [[Template:Wikipedia content|Content]] | group6 = Other help sidebars | list6 = * [[Template:About Wikipedia|About Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu|Accessibility]] * [[Template:Article creation|Article creation]] * [[Template:Article resources|Article resources]] * [[Template:Wikipedia copyright|Copyright]] * [[Template:Contributing to Wikipedia|Contributing to Wikipedia]] * [[Template:Dabnav|Disambiguation]] * [[Template:Arguments|Discussions]] * [[Template:Editor toc|Editing]] * [[Template:Essay list|Essay]] * [[Template:FAPath|Featured article path]] * [[Template:Glossaries|Glossaries]] * [[Template:Linking and page manipulation|Linking and page manipulation]] * [[Template:Namespaces|Namespaces]] * [[Wikipedia:Processes/Wikipedia processes|Processes]] * [[Template:Reader help|Reader help]] * [[Template:Tutorials|Tutorials]] * [[Template:Wikimedia user access levels|User access levels]] * [[Template:VisualEditor navbox|VisualEditor]] * [[Template:Wikitext navbox|Wiki markup]] * [[Wikipedia:User page design center/Navigation aids/Nav header editing/Wikipedian philosophies|Wikipedian philosophies]] | group7 = Community sidebars | list7 = * [[Template:MiniAWFP|Active Wiki Fixup Projects]] * [[Template:AFMPbox|April Fool's Day Main Page]] * [[Template:ArbCom sidebar|Arbitration Committee]] * [[Template:Wikipedia Awards|Awards]] * [[Template:COTWs|Collaborations]] * [[Template:Precedents|Common decisions and arguments]] * [[Template:CSD-categories|CSD-categories]] * [[Template:Deletion debates|Deletion debates]] ** [[Template:Deletion tools|Deletion tools]] * [[Template:Dispute-resolution|Dispute resolution]] * [[Template:Newpagesbox|New Page Patrol]] * [[Template:Rewardboardpages|Reward Board]] * [[Template:Resources for collaboration|Resources for maintenance and collaboration]] * [[Template:SPI navigation|Sockpuppet investigations]] * [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/Templates/Navigation|Signpost]] * [[Template:Translation department|Translation department]] * [[Template:WikiStats|WikiStats]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Directory/Links|WikiProjects]] | group8 = Bar-style headers | list8 = * [[Template:Botnav|Bots]] * [[Template:Header navbar community|Community]] * [[Template:Edit filter navigation|Edit filter]] * [[Template:Help pages header|Help pages]] * [[Template:Medcom menu|Mediation Committee]] * [[Template:Wikipedia programs|Programs]] * [[Template:Header navbar WikiProjects|WikiProjects]] | below = For navboxes that link mostly to templates see the [[Template:Wikipedia templates|template navbox]]. See also [[:Category:WikiProject navigational templates|WikiProject navigation]] and [[:Category:Wikipedia meetups navigation templates|meetup]] categories. }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> nba14ahsiuu9zboxg4iap7j5bu9g4qd 828 20569 121265 54235 2025-06-01T05:39:35Z en>Johnuniq 0 change 0.3em spacing to 0.225em (same total space as old code) per [[Template talk:Val#Proposal to reduce spacing around ±]] 121265 Scribunto text/plain -- For Template:Val, output a number and optional unit. -- Format options include scientific and uncertainty notations. local numdot = '.' -- decimal mark (use ',' for Italian) local numsep = ',' -- group separator (use ' ' for Italian) local mtext = { -- Message and other text that should be localized. ['mt-bad-exponent'] = 'exponent parameter (<b>e</b>)', ['mt-parameter'] = 'parameter ', ['mt-not-number'] = 'is not a valid number', ['mt-cannot-range'] = 'cannot use a range if the first parameter includes "e"', ['mt-need-range'] = 'needs a range in parameter 2', ['mt-should-range'] = 'should be a range', ['mt-cannot-with-e'] = 'cannot be used if the first parameter includes "e"', ['mt-not-range'] = 'does not accept a range', ['mt-cannot-e'] = 'cannot use e notation', ['mt-too-many-parameter'] = 'too many parameters', ['mt-need-number'] = 'need a number after the last parameter because it is a range.', ['mt-ignore-parameter4'] = 'Val parameter 4 ignored', ['mt-val-not-supported'] = 'Val parameter "%s=%s" is not supported', ['mt-invalid-scale'] = 'Unit "%s" has invalid scale "%s"', ['mt-both-u-ul'] = 'unit (<b>u</b>) and unit with link (<b>ul</b>) are both specified, only one is allowed.', ['mt-both-up-upl'] = 'unit per (<b>up</b>) and unit per with link (<b>upl</b>) are both specified, only one is allowed.', } local data_module = 'Module:Val/units' local convert_module = 'Module:Convert' local function valerror(msg, nocat, iswarning) -- Return formatted message text for an error or warning. -- Can append "#FormattingError" to URL of a page with a problem to find it. local anchor = '<span id="FormattingError"></span>' local body, category if nocat or mw.title.getCurrentTitle():inNamespaces(1, 2, 3, 5) then -- No category in Talk, User, User_talk, or Wikipedia_talk. category = '' else category = '[[Category:Pages with incorrect formatting templates use]]' end iswarning = false -- problems are infrequent so try showing large error so editor will notice if iswarning then body = '<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">' .. '[[Template:Val|<span title="' .. msg:gsub('"', '&quot;') .. '">warning</span>]]</sup>' else body = '<strong class="error">' .. 'Error in &#123;&#123;[[Template:val|val]]&#125;&#125;: ' .. msg .. '</strong>' end return anchor .. body .. category end local range_types = { -- No need for '&nbsp;' because nowrap applies to all output. [","] = ", ", ["by"] = " by ", ["-"] = "–", ["–"] = "–", ["and"] = " and ", ["or"] = " or " , ["to"] = " to " , ["x"] = " × ", ["×"] = " × ", ["/"] = "/", } local range_repeat_unit = { -- WP:UNIT wants unit repeated when a "multiply" range is used. ["x"] = true, ["×"] = true, } local function extract_item(index, numbers, arg) -- Extract an item from arg and store the result in numbers[index]. -- If no argument or if argument is valid, return nil (no error); -- otherwise, return an error message. -- The stored result is: -- * a table for a number (empty if there was no specified number); or -- * a string for range text -- Input like 1e3 is regarded as invalid for all except argument 1 -- which accepts e notation as an alternative to the 'e' argument. -- Input group separators are removed. local which = index local function fail(msg) local description if which == 'e' then description = mtext['mt-bad-exponent'] else description = mtext['mt-parameter'] .. which end return description .. ' ' .. (msg or mtext['mt-not-number']) .. '.' end local result = {} local range = range_types[arg] if range then if type(index) == 'number' and (index % 2 == 0) then if index == 2 then if numbers[1] and numbers[1].exp then return fail(mtext['mt-cannot-range']) end numbers.has_ranges = true else if not numbers.has_ranges then return fail(mtext['mt-need-range']) end end numbers[index] = range if range_repeat_unit[arg] then -- Any "repeat" range forces unit (if any) to be repeated for all items. numbers.isrepeat = true end return nil end return fail(mtext['mt-not-range']) end if numbers.has_ranges and type(index) == 'number' and (index % 2 == 0) then return fail(mtext['mt-should-range']) end if index == 'e' then local e = numbers[1] and numbers[1].exp if e then if arg then return fail(mtext['mt-cannot-with-e']) end arg = e which = 1 end end if arg and arg ~= '' then arg = arg:gsub(numsep, '') if numdot ~= '.' then arg = arg:gsub(numdot, '.') end if arg:sub(1, 1) == '(' and arg:sub(-1) == ')' then result.parens = true arg = arg:sub(2, -2) end local a, b = arg:match('^(.+)[Ee](.+)$') if a then if index == 1 then arg = a result.exp = b else return fail(mtext['mt-cannot-e']) end end local isnegative, propersign, prefix local minus = '−' prefix, arg = arg:match('^(.-)([%d.]+)$') local value = tonumber(arg) if not value then return fail() end if arg:sub(1, 1) == '.' then arg = '0' .. arg end if prefix == '' then -- Ignore. elseif prefix == '±' then -- Display for first number, ignore for others. if index == 1 then propersign = '±' end elseif prefix == '+' then propersign = '+' elseif prefix == '-' or prefix == minus then propersign = minus isnegative = true else return fail() end result.clean = arg result.sign = propersign or '' result.value = isnegative and -value or value end numbers[index] = result return nil -- no error end local function get_args(numbers, args) -- Extract arguments and store the results in numbers. -- Return nothing (no error) if ok; otherwise, return an error message. for index = 1, 99 do local which = index local arg = args[which] -- has been trimmed if not arg then which = 'e' arg = args[which] end local msg = extract_item(which, numbers, arg) if msg then return msg end if which == 'e' then break end if index > 19 then return mtext['mt-too-many-parameter'] end end if numbers.has_ranges and (#numbers % 2 == 0) then return mtext['mt-need-number'] end end local function get_scale(text, ucode) -- Return the value of text as a number, or throw an error. -- This supports extremely basic expressions of the form: -- a / b -- a ^ b -- where a and b are numbers or 'pi'. local n = tonumber(text) if n then return n end n = text:gsub('pi', math.pi) for _, op in ipairs({ '/', '^' }) do local a, b = n:match('^(.-)' .. op .. '(.*)$') if a then a = tonumber(a) b = tonumber(b) if a and b then if op == '/' then return a / b elseif op == '^' then return a ^ b end end break end end error(string.format(mtext['mt-invalid-scale'], ucode, text)) end local function get_builtin_unit(ucode, definitions) -- Return table of information for the specified built-in unit, or nil if not known. -- Each defined unit code must be followed by two spaces (not tab characters). local _, pos = definitions:find('\n' .. ucode .. ' ', 1, true) if pos then local endline = definitions:find('%s*\n', pos) if endline then local result = {} local n = 0 local text = definitions:sub(pos + 1, endline - 1):gsub('%s%s+', '\t') for item in (text .. '\t'):gmatch('(%S.-)\t') do if item == 'ALIAS' then result.alias = true elseif item == 'ANGLE' then result.isangle = true result.nospace = true elseif item == 'NOSPACE' then result.nospace = true elseif item == 'SI' then result.si = true else n = n + 1 if n == 1 then local link, symbol = item:match('^%[%[([^|]+)|(.+)%]%]$') if link then result.symbol = symbol result.link = link n = 2 else result.symbol = item end elseif n == 2 then result.link = item elseif n == 3 then result.scale_text = item result.scale = get_scale(item, ucode) else result.more_ignored = item break end end end if result.si then local s = result.symbol if ucode == 'mc' .. s or ucode == 'mu' .. s then result.ucode = 'µ' .. s -- unit code for convert should be this end end if n >= 2 or (n >= 1 and result.alias) then return result end -- Ignore invalid definition, treating it as a comment. end end end local function convert_lookup(ucode, value, scaled_top, want_link, si, options) local lookup = require(convert_module)._unit return lookup(ucode, { value = value, scaled_top = scaled_top, link = want_link, si = si, sort = options.sortable, }) end local function get_unit(ucode, value, scaled_top, options) local want_link = options.want_link if scaled_top then want_link = options.want_per_link end local data = mw.loadData(data_module) local result = options.want_longscale and get_builtin_unit(ucode, data.builtin_units_long_scale) or get_builtin_unit(ucode, data.builtin_units) local si, use_convert if result then if result.alias then ucode = result.symbol use_convert = true end if result.scale then -- Setting si means convert will use the unit as given, and the sort key -- will be calculated from the value without any extra scaling that may -- occur if convert found the unit code. For example, if val defines the -- unit 'year' with a scale and if si were not set, convert would also apply -- its own scale because convert knows that a year is 31,557,600 seconds. si = { result.symbol, result.link } value = value * result.scale end if result.si then ucode = result.ucode or ucode si = { result.symbol, result.link } use_convert = true end else result = {} use_convert = true end local convert_unit = convert_lookup(ucode, value, scaled_top, want_link, si, options) result.sortkey = convert_unit.sortspan if use_convert then result.text = convert_unit.text result.scaled_top = convert_unit.scaled_value else if want_link then result.text = '[[' .. result.link .. '|' .. result.symbol .. ']]' else result.text = result.symbol end result.scaled_top = value end return result end local function makeunit(value, options) -- Return table of information for the requested unit and options, or -- return nil if no unit. options = options or {} local unit local ucode = options.u local percode = options.per if ucode then unit = get_unit(ucode, value, nil, options) elseif percode then unit = { nospace = true, scaled_top = value } else return nil end local text = unit.text or '' local sortkey = unit.sortkey if percode then local function bracketed(code, text) return code:find('[*./]') and '(' .. text .. ')' or text end local perunit = get_unit(percode, 1, unit.scaled_top, options) text = (ucode and bracketed(ucode, text) or '') .. '/' .. bracketed(percode, perunit.text) sortkey = perunit.sortkey end if not (unit.nospace or options.nospace) then text = '&nbsp;' .. text end return { text = text, isangle = unit.isangle, sortkey = sortkey } end local function list_units(mode) -- Return wikitext to list the built-in units. -- A unit code should not contain wikimarkup so don't bother escaping. local data = mw.loadData(data_module) local definitions = data.builtin_units .. data.builtin_units_long_scale local last_was_blank = true local n = 0 local result = {} local function add(line) if line == '' then last_was_blank = true else if last_was_blank and n > 0 then n = n + 1 result[n] = '' end last_was_blank = false n = n + 1 result[n] = line end end local si_prefixes = { -- These are the prefixes recognized by convert; u is accepted for micro. y = 'y', z = 'z', a = 'a', f = 'f', p = 'p', n = 'n', u = 'µ', ['µ'] = 'µ', m = 'm', c = 'c', d = 'd', da = 'da', h = 'h', k = 'k', M = 'M', G = 'G', T = 'T', P = 'P', E = 'E', Z = 'Z', Y = 'Y', } local function is_valid(ucode, unit) if unit and not unit.more_ignored then assert(type(unit.symbol) == 'string' and unit.symbol ~= '') if unit.alias then if unit.link or unit.scale_text or unit.si then return false end end if unit.si then if unit.scale_text then return false end ucode = unit.ucode or ucode local base = unit.symbol if ucode == base then unit.display = base return true end local plen = #ucode - #base if plen > 0 then local prefix = si_prefixes[ucode:sub(1, plen)] if prefix and ucode:sub(plen + 1) == base then unit.display = prefix .. base return true end end else unit.display = unit.symbol return true end end return false end local lookup = require(convert_module)._unit local function show_convert(ucode, unit) -- If a built-in unit defines a scale or sets the SI flag, any unit defined in -- convert is not used (the scale or SI prefix's scale is used for a sort key). -- If there is no scale or SI flag, and the unit is not defined in convert, -- the sort key may not be correct; this allows such units to be identified. if not (unit.si or unit.scale_text) then if mode == 'convert' then unit.show = not lookup(unit.alias and unit.symbol or ucode).unknown unit.show_text = 'CONVERT' elseif mode == 'unknown' then unit.show = lookup(unit.alias and unit.symbol or ucode).unknown unit.show_text = 'UNKNOWN' elseif not unit.alias then -- Show convert's scale in square brackets ('[1]' for an unknown unit). -- Don't show scale for an alias because it's misleading for temperature -- and an alias is probably not useful for anything else. local scale = lookup(ucode, {value=1, sort='on'}).scaled_value if type(scale) == 'number' then scale = string.format('%.5g', scale):gsub('e%+?(%-?)0*(%d+)', 'e%1%2') else scale = '?' end unit.show = true unit.show_text = '[' .. scale .. ']' end end end for line in definitions:gmatch('([^\n]*)\n') do local pos, _ = line:find(' ', 1, true) if pos then local ucode = line:sub(1, pos - 1) local unit = get_builtin_unit(ucode, '\n' .. line .. '\n') if is_valid(ucode, unit) then show_convert(ucode, unit) local flags, text if unit.alias then text = unit.symbol else text = '[[' .. unit.link .. '|' .. unit.display .. ']]' end if unit.isangle then unit.nospace = nil -- don't show redundant flag end for _, f in ipairs({ { 'alias', 'ALIAS' }, { 'isangle', 'ANGLE' }, { 'nospace', 'NOSPACE' }, { 'si', 'SI' }, { 'scale_text', unit.scale_text }, { 'show', unit.show_text }, }) do if unit[f[1]] then local t = f[2] if t:match('^%u+$') then t = '<small>' .. t .. '</small>' end if flags then flags = flags .. ' ' .. t else flags = t end end end if flags then text = text .. ' • ' .. flags end add(ucode .. ' = ' .. text .. '<br />') else add(line .. ' ◆ <b>invalid definition</b><br />') end else add(line) end end return table.concat(result, '\n') end local delimit_groups = require('Module:Gapnum').groups local function delimit(sign, numstr, fmt) -- Return sign and numstr (unsigned digits or numdot only) after formatting. -- Four-digit integers are not formatted with gaps. fmt = (fmt or ''):lower() if fmt == 'none' or (fmt == '' and #numstr == 4 and numstr:match('^%d+$')) then return sign .. numstr end -- Group number by integer and decimal parts. -- If there is no decimal part, delimit_groups returns only one table. local ipart, dpart = delimit_groups(numstr) local result if fmt == 'commas' then result = sign .. table.concat(ipart, numsep) if dpart then result = result .. numdot .. table.concat(dpart) end else -- Delimit with a small gap by default. local groups = {} groups[1] = table.remove(ipart, 1) for _, v in ipairs(ipart) do table.insert(groups, '<span style="margin-left:.25em;">' .. v .. '</span>') end if dpart then table.insert(groups, numdot .. (table.remove(dpart, 1) or '')) for _, v in ipairs(dpart) do table.insert(groups, '<span style="margin-left:.25em;">' .. v .. '</span>') end end result = sign .. table.concat(groups) end return result end local function sup_sub(sup, sub, align) -- Return the same result as Module:Su except val defaults to align=right. if align == 'l' or align == 'left' then align = 'left' elseif align == 'c' or align == 'center' then align = 'center' else align = 'right' end return '<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;text-align:' .. align .. ';">' .. sup .. '<br />' .. sub .. '</span>' end local function range_text(items, unit_table, options) local fmt = options.fmt local nend = items.nend or '' if items.isrepeat or unit_table.isangle then nend = nend .. unit_table.text end local text = '' for i = 1, #items do if i % 2 == 0 then text = text .. items[i] else text = text .. delimit(items[i].sign, items[i].clean, fmt) .. nend end end return text end local function uncertainty_text(uncertainty, unit_table, options) local angle, text, need_parens if unit_table.isangle then angle = unit_table.text end local upper = uncertainty.upper or {} local lower = uncertainty.lower or {} local uncU = upper.clean if uncU then local fmt = options.fmt local uncL = lower.clean if uncL then uncU = delimit('+', uncU, fmt) .. (upper.errend or '') uncL = delimit('−', uncL, fmt) .. (lower.errend or '') if angle then uncU = uncU .. angle uncL = uncL .. angle end text = (angle or '') .. '<span style="margin-left:0.3em;">' .. sup_sub(uncU, uncL, options.align) .. '</span>' else if upper.parens then text = '(' .. uncU .. ')' -- old template did not delimit else text = (angle or '') .. '<span style="margin-left:0.225em;margin-right:0.225em;">±</span>' .. delimit('', uncU, fmt) need_parens = true end if uncertainty.errend then text = text .. uncertainty.errend end if angle then text = text .. angle end end else if angle then text = angle end end return text, need_parens end local function _main(values, unit_spec, options) if options.sandbox then data_module = data_module .. '/sandbox' convert_module = convert_module .. '/sandbox' end local action = options.action if action then if action == 'list' then -- Kludge: am using the align parameter (a=xxx) for type of list. return list_units(options.align) end return valerror('invalid action "' .. action .. '".', options.nocat) end local number = values.number or (values.numbers and values.numbers[1]) or {} local e_10 = options.e or {} local novalue = (number.value == nil and e_10.clean == nil) local fmt = options.fmt local want_sort = true local sortable = options.sortable if sortable == 'off' or (sortable == nil and novalue) then want_sort = false elseif sortable == 'debug' then -- Same as sortable = 'on' but the sort key is displayed. else sortable = 'on' end local sort_value = 1 if want_sort then sort_value = number.value or 1 if e_10.value and sort_value ~= 0 then -- The 'if' avoids {{val|0|e=1234}} giving an invalid sort_value due to overflow. sort_value = sort_value * 10^e_10.value end end local unit_table = makeunit(sort_value, { u = unit_spec.u, want_link = unit_spec.want_link, per = unit_spec.per, want_per_link = unit_spec.want_per_link, nospace = novalue, want_longscale = unit_spec.want_longscale, sortable = sortable, }) local sortkey if unit_table then if want_sort then sortkey = unit_table.sortkey end else unit_table = { text = '' } if want_sort then sortkey = convert_lookup('dummy', sort_value, nil, nil, nil, { sortable = sortable }).sortspan end end local final_unit = unit_table.isangle and '' or unit_table.text local e_text, n_text, need_parens local uncertainty = values.uncertainty if uncertainty then if number.clean then n_text = delimit(number.sign, number.clean, fmt) .. (number.nend or '') local text text, need_parens = uncertainty_text(uncertainty, unit_table, options) if text then n_text = n_text .. text end else n_text = '' end else if values.numbers.isrepeat then final_unit = '' end n_text = range_text(values.numbers, unit_table, options) need_parens = true end if e_10.clean then if need_parens then n_text = '(' .. n_text .. ')' end e_text = '10^{' .. delimit(e_10.sign, e_10.clean, fmt) .. '}' if number.clean then e_text = '<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>' .. e_text end else e_text = '' end local result = (sortkey or '') .. (options.prefix or '') .. n_text .. e_text .. final_unit .. (options.suffix or '') if result ~= '' then result = '<span class="nowrap">' .. result .. '</span>' end return result .. (options.warning or '') end local function check_parameters(args, has_ranges, nocat) -- Return warning text for the first problem parameter found, or nothing if ok. local whitelist = { a = true, action = true, debug = true, e = true, ['end'] = true, errend = true, ['+errend'] = true, ['-errend'] = true, fmt = true, ['long scale'] = true, long_scale = true, longscale = true, nocategory = true, p = true, s = true, sortable = true, u = true, ul = true, up = true, upl = true, } for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'string' and not whitelist[k] then local warning = string.format(mtext['mt-val-not-supported'], k, v) return valerror(warning, nocat, true) end end if not has_ranges and args[4] then return valerror(mtext['mt-ignore-parameter4'], nocat, true) end end local function main(frame) local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = { 'Template:Val' }}) local nocat = args.nocategory local numbers = {} -- table of number tables, perhaps with range text local msg = get_args(numbers, args) if msg then return valerror(msg, nocat) end if args.u and args.ul then return valerror(mtext['mt-both-u-ul'], nocat) end if args.up and args.upl then return valerror(mtext['mt-both-up-upl'], nocat) end local values if numbers.has_ranges then -- Multiple values with range separators but no uncertainty. numbers.nend = args['end'] values = { numbers = numbers, } else -- A single value with optional uncertainty. local function setfield(i, dst, src) local v = args[src] if v then if numbers[i] then numbers[i][dst] = v else numbers[i] = { [dst] = v } end end end setfield(1, 'nend', 'end') setfield(2, 'errend', '+errend') setfield(3, 'errend', '-errend') values = { number = numbers[1], uncertainty = { upper = numbers[2], lower = numbers[3], errend = args.errend, } } end local unit_spec = { u = args.ul or args.u, want_link = args.ul ~= nil, per = args.upl or args.up, want_per_link = args.upl ~= nil, want_longscale = (args.longscale or args.long_scale or args['long scale']) == 'on', } local options = { action = args.action, align = args.a, e = numbers.e, fmt = args.fmt, nocat = nocat, prefix = args.p, sandbox = string.find(frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) ~= nil, sortable = args.sortable or (args.debug == 'yes' and 'debug' or nil), suffix = args.s, warning = check_parameters(args, numbers.has_ranges, nocat), } return _main(values, unit_spec, options) end return { main = main, _main = _main } cf2vy01lmmi4xusv9uok74d8k7gzawo 121266 121265 2026-09-04T22:16:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Val]] 121265 Scribunto text/plain -- For Template:Val, output a number and optional unit. -- Format options include scientific and uncertainty notations. local numdot = '.' -- decimal mark (use ',' for Italian) local numsep = ',' -- group separator (use ' ' for Italian) local mtext = { -- Message and other text that should be localized. ['mt-bad-exponent'] = 'exponent parameter (<b>e</b>)', ['mt-parameter'] = 'parameter ', ['mt-not-number'] = 'is not a valid number', ['mt-cannot-range'] = 'cannot use a range if the first parameter includes "e"', ['mt-need-range'] = 'needs a range in parameter 2', ['mt-should-range'] = 'should be a range', ['mt-cannot-with-e'] = 'cannot be used if the first parameter includes "e"', ['mt-not-range'] = 'does not accept a range', ['mt-cannot-e'] = 'cannot use e notation', ['mt-too-many-parameter'] = 'too many parameters', ['mt-need-number'] = 'need a number after the last parameter because it is a range.', ['mt-ignore-parameter4'] = 'Val parameter 4 ignored', ['mt-val-not-supported'] = 'Val parameter "%s=%s" is not supported', ['mt-invalid-scale'] = 'Unit "%s" has invalid scale "%s"', ['mt-both-u-ul'] = 'unit (<b>u</b>) and unit with link (<b>ul</b>) are both specified, only one is allowed.', ['mt-both-up-upl'] = 'unit per (<b>up</b>) and unit per with link (<b>upl</b>) are both specified, only one is allowed.', } local data_module = 'Module:Val/units' local convert_module = 'Module:Convert' local function valerror(msg, nocat, iswarning) -- Return formatted message text for an error or warning. -- Can append "#FormattingError" to URL of a page with a problem to find it. local anchor = '<span id="FormattingError"></span>' local body, category if nocat or mw.title.getCurrentTitle():inNamespaces(1, 2, 3, 5) then -- No category in Talk, User, User_talk, or Wikipedia_talk. category = '' else category = '[[Category:Pages with incorrect formatting templates use]]' end iswarning = false -- problems are infrequent so try showing large error so editor will notice if iswarning then body = '<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">' .. '[[Template:Val|<span title="' .. msg:gsub('"', '&quot;') .. '">warning</span>]]</sup>' else body = '<strong class="error">' .. 'Error in &#123;&#123;[[Template:val|val]]&#125;&#125;: ' .. msg .. '</strong>' end return anchor .. body .. category end local range_types = { -- No need for '&nbsp;' because nowrap applies to all output. [","] = ", ", ["by"] = " by ", ["-"] = "–", ["–"] = "–", ["and"] = " and ", ["or"] = " or " , ["to"] = " to " , ["x"] = " × ", ["×"] = " × ", ["/"] = "/", } local range_repeat_unit = { -- WP:UNIT wants unit repeated when a "multiply" range is used. ["x"] = true, ["×"] = true, } local function extract_item(index, numbers, arg) -- Extract an item from arg and store the result in numbers[index]. -- If no argument or if argument is valid, return nil (no error); -- otherwise, return an error message. -- The stored result is: -- * a table for a number (empty if there was no specified number); or -- * a string for range text -- Input like 1e3 is regarded as invalid for all except argument 1 -- which accepts e notation as an alternative to the 'e' argument. -- Input group separators are removed. local which = index local function fail(msg) local description if which == 'e' then description = mtext['mt-bad-exponent'] else description = mtext['mt-parameter'] .. which end return description .. ' ' .. (msg or mtext['mt-not-number']) .. '.' end local result = {} local range = range_types[arg] if range then if type(index) == 'number' and (index % 2 == 0) then if index == 2 then if numbers[1] and numbers[1].exp then return fail(mtext['mt-cannot-range']) end numbers.has_ranges = true else if not numbers.has_ranges then return fail(mtext['mt-need-range']) end end numbers[index] = range if range_repeat_unit[arg] then -- Any "repeat" range forces unit (if any) to be repeated for all items. numbers.isrepeat = true end return nil end return fail(mtext['mt-not-range']) end if numbers.has_ranges and type(index) == 'number' and (index % 2 == 0) then return fail(mtext['mt-should-range']) end if index == 'e' then local e = numbers[1] and numbers[1].exp if e then if arg then return fail(mtext['mt-cannot-with-e']) end arg = e which = 1 end end if arg and arg ~= '' then arg = arg:gsub(numsep, '') if numdot ~= '.' then arg = arg:gsub(numdot, '.') end if arg:sub(1, 1) == '(' and arg:sub(-1) == ')' then result.parens = true arg = arg:sub(2, -2) end local a, b = arg:match('^(.+)[Ee](.+)$') if a then if index == 1 then arg = a result.exp = b else return fail(mtext['mt-cannot-e']) end end local isnegative, propersign, prefix local minus = '−' prefix, arg = arg:match('^(.-)([%d.]+)$') local value = tonumber(arg) if not value then return fail() end if arg:sub(1, 1) == '.' then arg = '0' .. arg end if prefix == '' then -- Ignore. elseif prefix == '±' then -- Display for first number, ignore for others. if index == 1 then propersign = '±' end elseif prefix == '+' then propersign = '+' elseif prefix == '-' or prefix == minus then propersign = minus isnegative = true else return fail() end result.clean = arg result.sign = propersign or '' result.value = isnegative and -value or value end numbers[index] = result return nil -- no error end local function get_args(numbers, args) -- Extract arguments and store the results in numbers. -- Return nothing (no error) if ok; otherwise, return an error message. for index = 1, 99 do local which = index local arg = args[which] -- has been trimmed if not arg then which = 'e' arg = args[which] end local msg = extract_item(which, numbers, arg) if msg then return msg end if which == 'e' then break end if index > 19 then return mtext['mt-too-many-parameter'] end end if numbers.has_ranges and (#numbers % 2 == 0) then return mtext['mt-need-number'] end end local function get_scale(text, ucode) -- Return the value of text as a number, or throw an error. -- This supports extremely basic expressions of the form: -- a / b -- a ^ b -- where a and b are numbers or 'pi'. local n = tonumber(text) if n then return n end n = text:gsub('pi', math.pi) for _, op in ipairs({ '/', '^' }) do local a, b = n:match('^(.-)' .. op .. '(.*)$') if a then a = tonumber(a) b = tonumber(b) if a and b then if op == '/' then return a / b elseif op == '^' then return a ^ b end end break end end error(string.format(mtext['mt-invalid-scale'], ucode, text)) end local function get_builtin_unit(ucode, definitions) -- Return table of information for the specified built-in unit, or nil if not known. -- Each defined unit code must be followed by two spaces (not tab characters). local _, pos = definitions:find('\n' .. ucode .. ' ', 1, true) if pos then local endline = definitions:find('%s*\n', pos) if endline then local result = {} local n = 0 local text = definitions:sub(pos + 1, endline - 1):gsub('%s%s+', '\t') for item in (text .. '\t'):gmatch('(%S.-)\t') do if item == 'ALIAS' then result.alias = true elseif item == 'ANGLE' then result.isangle = true result.nospace = true elseif item == 'NOSPACE' then result.nospace = true elseif item == 'SI' then result.si = true else n = n + 1 if n == 1 then local link, symbol = item:match('^%[%[([^|]+)|(.+)%]%]$') if link then result.symbol = symbol result.link = link n = 2 else result.symbol = item end elseif n == 2 then result.link = item elseif n == 3 then result.scale_text = item result.scale = get_scale(item, ucode) else result.more_ignored = item break end end end if result.si then local s = result.symbol if ucode == 'mc' .. s or ucode == 'mu' .. s then result.ucode = 'µ' .. s -- unit code for convert should be this end end if n >= 2 or (n >= 1 and result.alias) then return result end -- Ignore invalid definition, treating it as a comment. end end end local function convert_lookup(ucode, value, scaled_top, want_link, si, options) local lookup = require(convert_module)._unit return lookup(ucode, { value = value, scaled_top = scaled_top, link = want_link, si = si, sort = options.sortable, }) end local function get_unit(ucode, value, scaled_top, options) local want_link = options.want_link if scaled_top then want_link = options.want_per_link end local data = mw.loadData(data_module) local result = options.want_longscale and get_builtin_unit(ucode, data.builtin_units_long_scale) or get_builtin_unit(ucode, data.builtin_units) local si, use_convert if result then if result.alias then ucode = result.symbol use_convert = true end if result.scale then -- Setting si means convert will use the unit as given, and the sort key -- will be calculated from the value without any extra scaling that may -- occur if convert found the unit code. For example, if val defines the -- unit 'year' with a scale and if si were not set, convert would also apply -- its own scale because convert knows that a year is 31,557,600 seconds. si = { result.symbol, result.link } value = value * result.scale end if result.si then ucode = result.ucode or ucode si = { result.symbol, result.link } use_convert = true end else result = {} use_convert = true end local convert_unit = convert_lookup(ucode, value, scaled_top, want_link, si, options) result.sortkey = convert_unit.sortspan if use_convert then result.text = convert_unit.text result.scaled_top = convert_unit.scaled_value else if want_link then result.text = '[[' .. result.link .. '|' .. result.symbol .. ']]' else result.text = result.symbol end result.scaled_top = value end return result end local function makeunit(value, options) -- Return table of information for the requested unit and options, or -- return nil if no unit. options = options or {} local unit local ucode = options.u local percode = options.per if ucode then unit = get_unit(ucode, value, nil, options) elseif percode then unit = { nospace = true, scaled_top = value } else return nil end local text = unit.text or '' local sortkey = unit.sortkey if percode then local function bracketed(code, text) return code:find('[*./]') and '(' .. text .. ')' or text end local perunit = get_unit(percode, 1, unit.scaled_top, options) text = (ucode and bracketed(ucode, text) or '') .. '/' .. bracketed(percode, perunit.text) sortkey = perunit.sortkey end if not (unit.nospace or options.nospace) then text = '&nbsp;' .. text end return { text = text, isangle = unit.isangle, sortkey = sortkey } end local function list_units(mode) -- Return wikitext to list the built-in units. -- A unit code should not contain wikimarkup so don't bother escaping. local data = mw.loadData(data_module) local definitions = data.builtin_units .. data.builtin_units_long_scale local last_was_blank = true local n = 0 local result = {} local function add(line) if line == '' then last_was_blank = true else if last_was_blank and n > 0 then n = n + 1 result[n] = '' end last_was_blank = false n = n + 1 result[n] = line end end local si_prefixes = { -- These are the prefixes recognized by convert; u is accepted for micro. y = 'y', z = 'z', a = 'a', f = 'f', p = 'p', n = 'n', u = 'µ', ['µ'] = 'µ', m = 'm', c = 'c', d = 'd', da = 'da', h = 'h', k = 'k', M = 'M', G = 'G', T = 'T', P = 'P', E = 'E', Z = 'Z', Y = 'Y', } local function is_valid(ucode, unit) if unit and not unit.more_ignored then assert(type(unit.symbol) == 'string' and unit.symbol ~= '') if unit.alias then if unit.link or unit.scale_text or unit.si then return false end end if unit.si then if unit.scale_text then return false end ucode = unit.ucode or ucode local base = unit.symbol if ucode == base then unit.display = base return true end local plen = #ucode - #base if plen > 0 then local prefix = si_prefixes[ucode:sub(1, plen)] if prefix and ucode:sub(plen + 1) == base then unit.display = prefix .. base return true end end else unit.display = unit.symbol return true end end return false end local lookup = require(convert_module)._unit local function show_convert(ucode, unit) -- If a built-in unit defines a scale or sets the SI flag, any unit defined in -- convert is not used (the scale or SI prefix's scale is used for a sort key). -- If there is no scale or SI flag, and the unit is not defined in convert, -- the sort key may not be correct; this allows such units to be identified. if not (unit.si or unit.scale_text) then if mode == 'convert' then unit.show = not lookup(unit.alias and unit.symbol or ucode).unknown unit.show_text = 'CONVERT' elseif mode == 'unknown' then unit.show = lookup(unit.alias and unit.symbol or ucode).unknown unit.show_text = 'UNKNOWN' elseif not unit.alias then -- Show convert's scale in square brackets ('[1]' for an unknown unit). -- Don't show scale for an alias because it's misleading for temperature -- and an alias is probably not useful for anything else. local scale = lookup(ucode, {value=1, sort='on'}).scaled_value if type(scale) == 'number' then scale = string.format('%.5g', scale):gsub('e%+?(%-?)0*(%d+)', 'e%1%2') else scale = '?' end unit.show = true unit.show_text = '[' .. scale .. ']' end end end for line in definitions:gmatch('([^\n]*)\n') do local pos, _ = line:find(' ', 1, true) if pos then local ucode = line:sub(1, pos - 1) local unit = get_builtin_unit(ucode, '\n' .. line .. '\n') if is_valid(ucode, unit) then show_convert(ucode, unit) local flags, text if unit.alias then text = unit.symbol else text = '[[' .. unit.link .. '|' .. unit.display .. ']]' end if unit.isangle then unit.nospace = nil -- don't show redundant flag end for _, f in ipairs({ { 'alias', 'ALIAS' }, { 'isangle', 'ANGLE' }, { 'nospace', 'NOSPACE' }, { 'si', 'SI' }, { 'scale_text', unit.scale_text }, { 'show', unit.show_text }, }) do if unit[f[1]] then local t = f[2] if t:match('^%u+$') then t = '<small>' .. t .. '</small>' end if flags then flags = flags .. ' ' .. t else flags = t end end end if flags then text = text .. ' • ' .. flags end add(ucode .. ' = ' .. text .. '<br />') else add(line .. ' ◆ <b>invalid definition</b><br />') end else add(line) end end return table.concat(result, '\n') end local delimit_groups = require('Module:Gapnum').groups local function delimit(sign, numstr, fmt) -- Return sign and numstr (unsigned digits or numdot only) after formatting. -- Four-digit integers are not formatted with gaps. fmt = (fmt or ''):lower() if fmt == 'none' or (fmt == '' and #numstr == 4 and numstr:match('^%d+$')) then return sign .. numstr end -- Group number by integer and decimal parts. -- If there is no decimal part, delimit_groups returns only one table. local ipart, dpart = delimit_groups(numstr) local result if fmt == 'commas' then result = sign .. table.concat(ipart, numsep) if dpart then result = result .. numdot .. table.concat(dpart) end else -- Delimit with a small gap by default. local groups = {} groups[1] = table.remove(ipart, 1) for _, v in ipairs(ipart) do table.insert(groups, '<span style="margin-left:.25em;">' .. v .. '</span>') end if dpart then table.insert(groups, numdot .. (table.remove(dpart, 1) or '')) for _, v in ipairs(dpart) do table.insert(groups, '<span style="margin-left:.25em;">' .. v .. '</span>') end end result = sign .. table.concat(groups) end return result end local function sup_sub(sup, sub, align) -- Return the same result as Module:Su except val defaults to align=right. if align == 'l' or align == 'left' then align = 'left' elseif align == 'c' or align == 'center' then align = 'center' else align = 'right' end return '<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;text-align:' .. align .. ';">' .. sup .. '<br />' .. sub .. '</span>' end local function range_text(items, unit_table, options) local fmt = options.fmt local nend = items.nend or '' if items.isrepeat or unit_table.isangle then nend = nend .. unit_table.text end local text = '' for i = 1, #items do if i % 2 == 0 then text = text .. items[i] else text = text .. delimit(items[i].sign, items[i].clean, fmt) .. nend end end return text end local function uncertainty_text(uncertainty, unit_table, options) local angle, text, need_parens if unit_table.isangle then angle = unit_table.text end local upper = uncertainty.upper or {} local lower = uncertainty.lower or {} local uncU = upper.clean if uncU then local fmt = options.fmt local uncL = lower.clean if uncL then uncU = delimit('+', uncU, fmt) .. (upper.errend or '') uncL = delimit('−', uncL, fmt) .. (lower.errend or '') if angle then uncU = uncU .. angle uncL = uncL .. angle end text = (angle or '') .. '<span style="margin-left:0.3em;">' .. sup_sub(uncU, uncL, options.align) .. '</span>' else if upper.parens then text = '(' .. uncU .. ')' -- old template did not delimit else text = (angle or '') .. '<span style="margin-left:0.225em;margin-right:0.225em;">±</span>' .. delimit('', uncU, fmt) need_parens = true end if uncertainty.errend then text = text .. uncertainty.errend end if angle then text = text .. angle end end else if angle then text = angle end end return text, need_parens end local function _main(values, unit_spec, options) if options.sandbox then data_module = data_module .. '/sandbox' convert_module = convert_module .. '/sandbox' end local action = options.action if action then if action == 'list' then -- Kludge: am using the align parameter (a=xxx) for type of list. return list_units(options.align) end return valerror('invalid action "' .. action .. '".', options.nocat) end local number = values.number or (values.numbers and values.numbers[1]) or {} local e_10 = options.e or {} local novalue = (number.value == nil and e_10.clean == nil) local fmt = options.fmt local want_sort = true local sortable = options.sortable if sortable == 'off' or (sortable == nil and novalue) then want_sort = false elseif sortable == 'debug' then -- Same as sortable = 'on' but the sort key is displayed. else sortable = 'on' end local sort_value = 1 if want_sort then sort_value = number.value or 1 if e_10.value and sort_value ~= 0 then -- The 'if' avoids {{val|0|e=1234}} giving an invalid sort_value due to overflow. sort_value = sort_value * 10^e_10.value end end local unit_table = makeunit(sort_value, { u = unit_spec.u, want_link = unit_spec.want_link, per = unit_spec.per, want_per_link = unit_spec.want_per_link, nospace = novalue, want_longscale = unit_spec.want_longscale, sortable = sortable, }) local sortkey if unit_table then if want_sort then sortkey = unit_table.sortkey end else unit_table = { text = '' } if want_sort then sortkey = convert_lookup('dummy', sort_value, nil, nil, nil, { sortable = sortable }).sortspan end end local final_unit = unit_table.isangle and '' or unit_table.text local e_text, n_text, need_parens local uncertainty = values.uncertainty if uncertainty then if number.clean then n_text = delimit(number.sign, number.clean, fmt) .. (number.nend or '') local text text, need_parens = uncertainty_text(uncertainty, unit_table, options) if text then n_text = n_text .. text end else n_text = '' end else if values.numbers.isrepeat then final_unit = '' end n_text = range_text(values.numbers, unit_table, options) need_parens = true end if e_10.clean then if need_parens then n_text = '(' .. n_text .. ')' end e_text = '10^{' .. delimit(e_10.sign, e_10.clean, fmt) .. '}' if number.clean then e_text = '<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>' .. e_text end else e_text = '' end local result = (sortkey or '') .. (options.prefix or '') .. n_text .. e_text .. final_unit .. (options.suffix or '') if result ~= '' then result = '<span class="nowrap">' .. result .. '</span>' end return result .. (options.warning or '') end local function check_parameters(args, has_ranges, nocat) -- Return warning text for the first problem parameter found, or nothing if ok. local whitelist = { a = true, action = true, debug = true, e = true, ['end'] = true, errend = true, ['+errend'] = true, ['-errend'] = true, fmt = true, ['long scale'] = true, long_scale = true, longscale = true, nocategory = true, p = true, s = true, sortable = true, u = true, ul = true, up = true, upl = true, } for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'string' and not whitelist[k] then local warning = string.format(mtext['mt-val-not-supported'], k, v) return valerror(warning, nocat, true) end end if not has_ranges and args[4] then return valerror(mtext['mt-ignore-parameter4'], nocat, true) end end local function main(frame) local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = { 'Template:Val' }}) local nocat = args.nocategory local numbers = {} -- table of number tables, perhaps with range text local msg = get_args(numbers, args) if msg then return valerror(msg, nocat) end if args.u and args.ul then return valerror(mtext['mt-both-u-ul'], nocat) end if args.up and args.upl then return valerror(mtext['mt-both-up-upl'], nocat) end local values if numbers.has_ranges then -- Multiple values with range separators but no uncertainty. numbers.nend = args['end'] values = { numbers = numbers, } else -- A single value with optional uncertainty. local function setfield(i, dst, src) local v = args[src] if v then if numbers[i] then numbers[i][dst] = v else numbers[i] = { [dst] = v } end end end setfield(1, 'nend', 'end') setfield(2, 'errend', '+errend') setfield(3, 'errend', '-errend') values = { number = numbers[1], uncertainty = { upper = numbers[2], lower = numbers[3], errend = args.errend, } } end local unit_spec = { u = args.ul or args.u, want_link = args.ul ~= nil, per = args.upl or args.up, want_per_link = args.upl ~= nil, want_longscale = (args.longscale or args.long_scale or args['long scale']) == 'on', } local options = { action = args.action, align = args.a, e = numbers.e, fmt = args.fmt, nocat = nocat, prefix = args.p, sandbox = string.find(frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) ~= nil, sortable = args.sortable or (args.debug == 'yes' and 'debug' or nil), suffix = args.s, warning = check_parameters(args, numbers.has_ranges, nocat), } return _main(values, unit_spec, options) end return { main = main, _main = _main } cf2vy01lmmi4xusv9uok74d8k7gzawo 828 20570 121267 54237 2025-07-23T01:10:07Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Module:Gapnum]]" ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 54236 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local getArgs function p.main(frame) if not getArgs then getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs end local args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Gapnum'}) local n = args[1] if not n then error('Parameter 1 is required') elseif not tonumber(n) and not tonumber(n, 36) then -- Validates any number with base ≤ 36 error('Unable to convert "' .. args[1] .. '" to a number') end local gap = args.gap local precision = tonumber(args.prec) return p.gaps(n,{gap=gap,prec=precision}) end -- Not named p._main so that it has a better function name when required by Module:Val function p.gaps(n,tbl) local nstr = tostring(n) if not tbl then tbl = {} end local gap = tbl.gap or '.25em' local int_part, frac_part = p.groups(n,tbl.prec) local ret = mw.html.create('span') :css('white-space','nowrap') -- No gap necessary on first group :wikitext(table.remove(int_part,1)) -- Build int part for _, v in ipairs(int_part) do ret:tag('span') :css('margin-left',gap) :wikitext(v) end if frac_part then -- The first group after the decimal shouldn't have a gap ret:wikitext('.' .. table.remove(frac_part,1)) -- Build frac part for _, v in ipairs(frac_part) do ret:tag('span') :css('margin-left',gap) :wikitext(v) end end return ret end -- Creates tables where each element is a different group of the number function p.groups(num,precision) local nstr = tostring(num) if not precision then precision = -1 end local decimalloc = nstr:find('.', 1, true) local int_part, frac_part if decimalloc == nil then int_part = nstr else int_part = nstr:sub(1, decimalloc-1) frac_part = nstr:sub(decimalloc + 1) end -- only define ret_i as an empty table, let ret_d stay nil local ret_i,ret_d = {} -- Loop to handle most of the groupings; from right to left, so that if a group has less than 3 members, it will be the first group while int_part:len() > 3 do -- Insert in first spot, since we're moving backwards table.insert(ret_i,1,int_part:sub(-3)) int_part = int_part:sub(1,-4) end -- handle any left over numbers if int_part:len() > 0 then table.insert(ret_i,1,int_part) end if precision ~= 0 and frac_part then ret_d = {} if precision == -1 then precision = frac_part:len() end -- Reduce the length of the string if required precision is less than actual precision -- OR -- Increase it (by adding 0s) if the required precision is more than actual local offset = precision - frac_part:len() if offset < 0 then frac_part = frac_part:sub(1,precision) elseif offset > 0 then frac_part = frac_part .. string.rep('0', offset) end -- Allow groups of 3 or 2 (3 first) for v in string.gmatch(frac_part,'%d%d%d?') do table.insert(ret_d,v) end -- Preference for groups of 4 instead of groups of 1 at the end if #frac_part % 3 == 1 then if frac_part:len() == 1 then ret_d = {frac_part} else local last_g = ret_d[#ret_d] or '' last_g = last_g..frac_part:sub(-1) ret_d[#ret_d] = last_g end end end return ret_i,ret_d end return p lj5n3lgypceqtbnvwbvlt9k8birgmdl 121268 121267 2026-09-04T22:16:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Gapnum]] 54236 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local getArgs function p.main(frame) if not getArgs then getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs end local args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Gapnum'}) local n = args[1] if not n then error('Parameter 1 is required') elseif not tonumber(n) and not tonumber(n, 36) then -- Validates any number with base ≤ 36 error('Unable to convert "' .. args[1] .. '" to a number') end local gap = args.gap local precision = tonumber(args.prec) return p.gaps(n,{gap=gap,prec=precision}) end -- Not named p._main so that it has a better function name when required by Module:Val function p.gaps(n,tbl) local nstr = tostring(n) if not tbl then tbl = {} end local gap = tbl.gap or '.25em' local int_part, frac_part = p.groups(n,tbl.prec) local ret = mw.html.create('span') :css('white-space','nowrap') -- No gap necessary on first group :wikitext(table.remove(int_part,1)) -- Build int part for _, v in ipairs(int_part) do ret:tag('span') :css('margin-left',gap) :wikitext(v) end if frac_part then -- The first group after the decimal shouldn't have a gap ret:wikitext('.' .. table.remove(frac_part,1)) -- Build frac part for _, v in ipairs(frac_part) do ret:tag('span') :css('margin-left',gap) :wikitext(v) end end return ret end -- Creates tables where each element is a different group of the number function p.groups(num,precision) local nstr = tostring(num) if not precision then precision = -1 end local decimalloc = nstr:find('.', 1, true) local int_part, frac_part if decimalloc == nil then int_part = nstr else int_part = nstr:sub(1, decimalloc-1) frac_part = nstr:sub(decimalloc + 1) end -- only define ret_i as an empty table, let ret_d stay nil local ret_i,ret_d = {} -- Loop to handle most of the groupings; from right to left, so that if a group has less than 3 members, it will be the first group while int_part:len() > 3 do -- Insert in first spot, since we're moving backwards table.insert(ret_i,1,int_part:sub(-3)) int_part = int_part:sub(1,-4) end -- handle any left over numbers if int_part:len() > 0 then table.insert(ret_i,1,int_part) end if precision ~= 0 and frac_part then ret_d = {} if precision == -1 then precision = frac_part:len() end -- Reduce the length of the string if required precision is less than actual precision -- OR -- Increase it (by adding 0s) if the required precision is more than actual local offset = precision - frac_part:len() if offset < 0 then frac_part = frac_part:sub(1,precision) elseif offset > 0 then frac_part = frac_part .. string.rep('0', offset) end -- Allow groups of 3 or 2 (3 first) for v in string.gmatch(frac_part,'%d%d%d?') do table.insert(ret_d,v) end -- Preference for groups of 4 instead of groups of 1 at the end if #frac_part % 3 == 1 then if frac_part:len() == 1 then ret_d = {frac_part} else local last_g = ret_d[#ret_d] or '' last_g = last_g..frac_part:sub(-1) ret_d[#ret_d] = last_g end end end return ret_i,ret_d end return p lj5n3lgypceqtbnvwbvlt9k8birgmdl 828 20802 121269 62249 2026-08-05T06:14:51Z en>Johnuniq 0 ppq + ppt per request at talk 121269 Scribunto text/plain -- Definitions for units known to val -- File format is two strings and a return statement with them in it: -- string in quotes [=[ ... builtin_units ... ]=]. -- string in quotes [=[ ... builtin_units_long_scale ... ]=]. -- First string, builtin_units, is short-scale, second string is long scale. -- Entry format: -- One record per line, starting in first column, having 2-4 fields. -- Field separator: two or more spaces -- Between first and second fields: two or more spaces -- Between all other fields: two or more spaces, or one or more tabs -- Entries without two spaces in them are ignored. -- There must be a blank line before the first entry and after the last. -- I.e. the first two and last two characters of the string must be newlines. -- Format of entry. Two record types: -- -- One record type is a wikilink: -- Unit-code [[ pagename | Symbol-accepts-HTML-only ]] -- Text-field separator is still two spaces. Two spaces not allowed in wikilink. -- -- The other record type is all fields: -- Unit-code symbol-accepts-HTML-only pagename#section-OK -- -- Plus there is an optional field that goes at the end after two or more spaces. -- Whether it is a number or an equation or the letters SI, -- any of these three has the same function: a wikitable sorting "scale". -- It is for sorting, and it works for either record type. -- Difference is SI can't accept HTML. But SI correctly scales any SI prefix. -- (Optional fields ALIAS and NOSPACE and ANGLE are for advanced users.) -- "Invalid unit" error: -- Using SI requires that the symbol equal unit-code, so never allows HTML. -- Any difference between SI or symbol must be an SI prefix, such as k, M, or G. -- A space at the end of an entry is an error. No space at each EOL. local builtin_units = [=[ == Test == Foo [[Hz|<samp>Foo</samp>]] Baz [[Hertz|baz₀]] Baz [[Kelvins|baz₀]] Bar [[Foobar|bar<abbr title="super duper">0</abbr>]] quux [[Foobar|<span title="super duper 2">bar0</span>]] == Unsorted units == c0 [[Speed of light#Numerical value, notation, and units|''c''₀]] lbf [[Pound (force)|<span title="pound-force">lb_F</span>]] N.s [[Newton-second|N&sdot;s]] J.K-1 [[Joule per kelvin|J&sdot;K⁻¹]] C.mol-1 [[Faraday constant|C&sdot;mol⁻¹]] C/mol [[Faraday constant|C/mol]] C.kg-1 [[Roentgen (unit)|C&sdot;kg⁻¹]] C/kg [[Roentgen (unit)|C/kg]] F.m-1 [[vacuum permittivity|F&sdot;m⁻¹]] F/m [[vacuum permittivity|F/m]] e [[Elementary charge|''e'']] kB [[Kilobyte|kB]] 8e3 KB [[Kilobyte|KB]] 8e3 MB [[Megabyte|MB]] 8e6 GB [[Gigabyte|GB]] 8e9 TB [[Terabyte|TB]] 8e12 lx [[Lux (unit)|lx]] nat [[nat (unit)|nat]] == Time and frequency == byte/s [[Data rate units|byte/s]] 8 kB/s [[Data rate units#Kilobyte per second|<span title="Kilobytes per second">kB/s</span>]] 8e3 MB/s [[Data rate units#Megabyte per second|<span title="Megabytes per second">MB/s</span>]] 8e6 GB/s [[Data rate units#Gigabyte per second|<span title="Gigabytes per second">GB/s</span>]] 8e9 TB/s [[Data rate units#Terabyte per second|<span title="Terabytes per second">TB/s</span>]] 8e12 bit/s [[Bit per second|bit/s]] 1 bps [[Bit per second|bit/s]] 1 kbit/s [[Kilobit per second|kbit/s]] 1e3 Mbit/s [[Megabit per second|Mbit/s]] 1e6 Gbit/s [[Gigabit per second|Gbit/s]] 1e9 Tbit/s [[Terabit per second|Tbit/s]] 1e12 kT/s [[Transfer (computing)|<span title="Kilotransfers per second">kT/s</span>]] 1e3 MT/s [[Transfer (computing)|<span title="Megatransfers per second">MT/s</span>]] 1e6 GT/s [[Transfer (computing)|<span title="Gigatransfers per second">GT/s</span>]] 1e9 year [[Year|year]] 31557600 years [[Year|years]] 31557600 yr [[Year#Symbols and abbreviations|yr]] 31557600 y [[Year|y]] 31557600 a [[Annum|a]] 31557600 Ga [[Gigaannum|Ga]] 31557600000000000 Ma [[Megaannum|Ma]] 31557600000000 ka [[Kiloannum|ka]] 31557600000 kyr [[kyr|kyr]] 31557600000 kya [[kyr|kya]] 31557600000 myr [[myr|myr]] 31557600000000 mya [[Mya (unit)|mya]] 31557600000000 byr [[Billion years|byr]] 31557600000000000 bya [[Billion years ago|bya]] 31557600000000000 Gyr [[billion years|Gyr]] 31557600000000000 BP [[Before present|BP]] uBP [[Radiocarbon dating#Calibration|¹⁴C yr BP]] BC [[Before Christ|BC]] -1 AD [[Anno Domini|AD]] 1 BCE [[Before the Common Era|BCE]] -1 CE [[Common Era|CE]] 1 JD [[Julian date|JD]] 1 MJD [[Modified Julian date|MJD]] 1 s-1 [[Second|s⁻¹]] s-2 [[Second|s⁻²]] s2 [[Second|s²]] s [[Second|s]] SI as [[Attosecond|s]] SI cs [[Second|s]] SI das [[Second|s]] SI ds [[Second|s]] SI Es [[Second|s]] SI fs [[Femtosecond|s]] SI Gs [[Second|s]] SI hs [[Second|s]] SI ks [[Second|s]] SI ms [[Millisecond|s]] SI µs [[Microsecond|s]] SI us [[Microsecond|s]] SI Ms [[Second|s]] SI ns [[Nanosecond|s]] SI ps [[Picosecond|s]] SI Ps [[Second|s]] SI Ts [[Second|s]] SI Ys [[Second|s]] SI ys [[Yoctosecond|s]] SI Zs [[Second|s]] SI zs [[Zeptosecond|s]] SI Hz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI aHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI cHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI daHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI dHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI EHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI fHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI hHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI GHz [[Gigahertz|Hz]] SI kHz [[Kilohertz|Hz]] SI MHz [[Megahertz|Hz]] SI mHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI uHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI µHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI nHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI pHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI PHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI THz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI yHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI YHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI zHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI ZHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI ips [[Inch per second|ips]] == Length, area, volume == Å3 [[Ångström|ų]] fb-1 [[Barn (unit)#Inverse femtobarn|fb⁻¹]] m-1 [[Metre|m⁻¹]] m-2 [[Square metre|m⁻²]] m-3 [[Cubic metre|m⁻³]] km2 [[Square kilometre|km²]] km3 [[Cubic kilometre|km³]] µm2 [[Square metre|μm²]] um2 [[Square metre|μm²]] am2 [[Square metre|am²]] cm2 [[Square centimetre|cm²]] dam2 [[Square metre|dam²]] dm2 [[Square metre|dm²]] Em2 [[Square metre|Em²]] fm2 [[Square metre|fm²]] Gm2 [[Square metre|Gm²]] hm2 [[Square metre|hm²]] mm2 [[Square metre|mm²]] Mm2 [[Square metre|Mm²]] nm2 [[Square metre|nm²]] pm2 [[Square metre|pm²]] Pm2 [[Square metre|Pm²]] Tm2 [[Square metre|Tm²]] ym2 [[Square metre|ym²]] Ym2 [[Square metre|Ym²]] zm2 [[Square metre|zm²]] Zm2 [[Square metre|Zm²]] gal [[Gallon|gal]] Gal [[Gal (unit)|Gal]] uGal [[Gal (unit)|μGal]] µGal [[Gal (unit)|μGal]] mGal [[Gal (unit)|mGal]] b [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI ab [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI cb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI dab [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI db [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Eb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI fb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Gb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI hb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI kb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI mb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI µb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI ub [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Mb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI nb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI pb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Pb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Tb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Yb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI yb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Zb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI zb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI == Velocity and acceleration == m.s-2 [[Metre per second squared|m&sdot;s⁻²]] m/s2 [[Metre per second squared|m/s²]] m.s-1 [[Metre per second|m&sdot;s⁻¹]] m/s [[Metre per second|m/s]] km.s-1 [[Metre per second|km&sdot;s⁻¹]] km/s [[Metre per second|km/s]] == Mass and energy == lbm [[Pound (mass)|<span title="pound-mass">lb_m</span>]] uJ [[Joule|μJ]] J.s [[Joule-second|J&sdot;s]] kWh [[Kilowatt-hour|kWh]] kW.h [[Kilowatt-hour|kW&sdot;h]] J/C [[Volt|J/C]] J/kg [[Joule|J/kg]] Da [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI EDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI PDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI TDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI GDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI MDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI kDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI mDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI uDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI μDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI nDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI pDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI fDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI aDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI g [[Gram|g]] SI ag [[Attogram|g]] SI cg [[Centigram|g]] SI dag [[Gram|g]] SI dg [[Decigram|g]] SI Eg [[Exagram|g]] SI fg [[Femtogram|g]] SI Gg [[Gigagram|g]] SI hg [[Kilogram#SI multiples|g]] SI kg [[Kilogram|g]] SI mcg [[Microgram|g]] SI Mg [[Megagram|g]] SI mg [[Milligram|g]] SI ug [[Microgram|g]] SI µg [[Microgram|g]] SI ng [[Nanogram|g]] SI Pg [[Petagram|g]] SI pg [[Picogram|g]] SI Tg [[Tonne|g]] SI yg [[Yoctogram|g]] SI Yg [[Yottagram|g]] SI zg [[Zeptogram|g]] SI Zg [[Zettagram|g]] SI == Pressure and density == psi [[Pounds per square inch|psi]] g.cm-3 [[Gram per cubic centimetre|g&sdot;cm⁻³]] g/cm3 [[Gram per cubic centimetre|g/cm³]] kg.m-3 [[Kilogram per cubic metre|kg&sdot;m⁻³]] kg/m3 [[Kilogram per cubic metre|kg/m³]] kg/cm3 [[Density#Formula and common units|kg/cm³]] g/L [[Gram per litre|g/L]] g/l [[Gram per litre|g/l]] mcg/dL [[Gram per litre|μg/dL]] mcg/dl [[Gram per litre|μg/dl]] mg/mL [[Gram per litre|mg/mL]] mg/ml [[Gram per litre|mg/ml]] ug/dL [[Gram per litre|μg/dL]] ug/dl [[Gram per litre|μg/dl]] μg/dL [[Gram per litre|μg/dL]] μg/dl [[Gram per litre|μg/dl]] mg.L-1 [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/L</abbr>]] mg/L [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/L</abbr>]] mg.l-1 [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/l</abbr>]] mg/l [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/l</abbr>]] == Fracture toughness == MPa.m.5 [[Fracture toughness|MPa&sdot;m^1/2]] kPa.m.5 [[Fracture toughness|kPa&sdot;m^1/2]] Pa.m.5 [[Fracture toughness|Pa&sdot;m^1/2]] == Temperature == degC °C ALIAS degF °F ALIAS degR °R ALIAS K [[Kelvin|K]] SI YK [[Yottakelvin|K]] SI ZK [[Zettakelvin|K]] SI EK [[Kelvin|K]] SI PK [[Petakelvin|K]] SI TK [[Terakelvin|K]] SI GK [[Gigakelvin|K]] SI MK [[Megakelvin|K]] SI kK [[Kilokelvin|K]] SI hK [[Hectokelvin|K]] SI daK [[Decakelvin|K]] SI dK [[Decikelvin|K]] SI cK [[Centikelvin|K]] SI mK [[Millikelvin|K]] SI µK [[Microkelvin|K]] SI uK [[Microkelvin|K]] SI nK [[Nanokelvin|K]] SI pK [[Picokelvin|K]] SI fK [[Femtokelvin|K]] SI aK [[Attokelvin|K]] SI zK [[Zeptokelvin|K]] SI yK [[Yoctokelvin|K]] SI == Electromagnetism == Wb [[Weber (unit)|Wb]] N.A-2 [[Permeability (electromagnetism)|N&sdot;A⁻²]] H.m-1 [[Permeability (electromagnetism)|H&sdot;m⁻¹]] V.m-1 [[Electric field|V&sdot;m⁻¹]] V/m [[Electric field|V/m]] C [[Coulomb|C]] SI YC [[Coulomb|C]] SI ZC [[Coulomb|C]] SI EC [[Coulomb|C]] SI PC [[Coulomb|C]] SI TC [[Coulomb|C]] SI GC [[Coulomb|C]] SI MC [[Coulomb|C]] SI kC [[Coulomb|C]] SI hC [[Coulomb|C]] SI daC [[Coulomb|C]] SI dC [[Coulomb|C]] SI cC [[Coulomb|C]] SI mC [[Coulomb|C]] SI µC [[Coulomb|C]] SI uC [[Coulomb|C]] SI nC [[Coulomb|C]] SI pC [[Coulomb|C]] SI fC [[Coulomb|C]] SI aC [[Coulomb|C]] SI zC [[Coulomb|C]] SI yC [[Coulomb|C]] SI F [[Farad|F]] SI YF [[Farad|F]] SI ZF [[Farad|F]] SI EF [[Farad|F]] SI PF [[Farad|F]] SI TF [[Farad|F]] SI GF [[Farad|F]] SI MF [[Farad|F]] SI kF [[Farad|F]] SI hF [[Farad|F]] SI daF [[Farad|F]] SI dF [[Farad|F]] SI cF [[Farad|F]] SI mF [[Farad|F]] SI µF [[Farad|F]] SI uF [[Farad|F]] SI nF [[Farad|F]] SI pF [[Farad|F]] SI fF [[Farad|F]] SI aF [[Farad|F]] SI zF [[Farad|F]] SI yF [[Farad|F]] SI H [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI YH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI ZH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI EH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI PH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI TH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI GH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI MH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI kH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI hH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI daH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI dH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI cH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI mH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI µH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI uH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI nH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI pH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI fH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI aH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI zH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI yH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI A [[Ampere|A]] SI YA [[Ampere|A]] SI ZA [[Ampere|A]] SI EA [[Ampere|A]] SI PA [[Ampere|A]] SI TA [[Ampere|A]] SI GA [[Ampere|A]] SI MA [[Ampere|A]] SI kA [[Ampere|A]] SI hA [[Ampere|A]] SI daA [[Ampere|A]] SI dA [[Ampere|A]] SI cA [[Ampere|A]] SI mA [[Ampere|A]] SI µA [[Ampere|A]] SI uA [[Ampere|A]] SI nA [[Ampere|A]] SI pA [[Ampere|A]] SI fA [[Ampere|A]] SI aA [[Ampere|A]] SI zA [[Ampere|A]] SI yA [[Ampere|A]] SI V [[Volt|V]] SI YV [[Volt|V]] SI ZV [[Volt|V]] SI EV [[Volt|V]] SI PV [[Volt|V]] SI TV [[Volt|V]] SI GV [[Volt|V]] SI MV [[Volt|V]] SI kV [[Volt|V]] SI hV [[Volt|V]] SI daV [[Volt|V]] SI dV [[Volt|V]] SI cV [[Volt|V]] SI mV [[Volt|V]] SI µV [[Volt|V]] SI uV [[Volt|V]] SI nV [[Volt|V]] SI pV [[Volt|V]] SI fV [[Volt|V]] SI aV [[Volt|V]] SI zV [[Volt|V]] SI yV [[Volt|V]] SI VA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI YVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI ZVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI EVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI PVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI TVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI GVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI MVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI kVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI hVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI daVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI dVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI cVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI mVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI µVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI uVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI nVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI pVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI fVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI aVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI zVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI yVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI Ω [[Ohm|Ω]] SI GΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI MΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI kΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI mΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI μΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI uΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI nΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI ohm [[Ohm|Ω]] Gohm [[Ohm|GΩ]] 1e9 Mohm [[Ohm|MΩ]] 1e6 kohm [[Ohm|kΩ]] 1e3 mohm [[Ohm|mΩ]] 1e-3 μohm [[Ohm|μΩ]] 1e-6 uohm [[Ohm|μΩ]] 1e-6 nohm [[Ohm|nΩ]] 1e-9 YΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|YΩ&sdot;m]] 1e24 ZΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|ZΩ&sdot;m]] 1e21 EΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|EΩ&sdot;m]] 1e18 PΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|PΩ&sdot;m]] 1e15 TΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|TΩ&sdot;m]] 1e12 GΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|GΩ&sdot;m]] 1e9 MΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|MΩ&sdot;m]] 1e6 kΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|kΩ&sdot;m]] 1e3 Ω.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|Ω&sdot;m]] 1 mΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|mΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-3 µΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|μΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-6 uΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|μΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-6 nΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|nΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-9 pΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|pΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-12 fΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|fΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-15 aΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|aΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-18 zΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|zΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-21 yΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|yΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-24 R [[Rayleigh (unit)|R]] SI G [[Gauss (unit)|G]] SI aG [[Attogauss|G]] SI cG [[Centigauss|G]] SI daG [[Decagauss|G]] SI dG [[Decigauss|G]] SI EG [[Exagauss|G]] SI fG [[Femtogauss|G]] SI GG [[Gigagauss|G]] SI hG [[Hectogauss|G]] SI kG [[Kilogauss|G]] SI MG [[Megagauss|G]] SI mG [[Milligauss|G]] SI uG [[Microgauss|G]] SI µG [[Microgauss|G]] SI nG [[Nanogauss|G]] SI PG [[Petagauss|G]] SI pG [[Picogauss|G]] SI TG [[Teragauss|G]] SI yG [[Yoctogauss|G]] SI YG [[Yottagauss|G]] SI zG [[Zeptogauss|G]] SI ZG [[Zettagauss|G]] SI T [[Tesla (unit)|T]] SI aT [[Attotesla|T]] SI cT [[Centitesla|T]] SI daT [[Decatesla|T]] SI dT [[Decitesla|T]] SI ET [[Exatesla|T]] SI fT [[Femtotesla|T]] SI GT [[Gigatesla|T]] SI hT [[Hectotesla|T]] SI kT [[Kilotesla|T]] SI MT [[Megatesla|T]] SI mT [[Millitesla|T]] SI uT [[Microtesla|T]] SI µT [[Microtesla|T]] SI nT [[Nanotesla|T]] SI PT [[Petatesla|T]] SI pT [[Picotesla|T]] SI TT [[Teratesla|T]] SI yT [[Yoctotesla|T]] SI YT [[Yottatesla|T]] SI zT [[Zeptotesla|T]] SI ZT [[Zettatesla|T]] SI == Astrophysics == au [[Astronomical unit|au]] c [[Speed of light|''c'']] ly [[Light-year|ly]] Earth mass [[Earth mass|''M''_🜨]] Earth radius [[Earth radius|''R''_🜨]] M_Earth [[Earth mass|''M''_🜨]] R_Earth [[Earth radius|''R''_🜨]] M+ [[Earth mass|''M''_🜨]] R+ [[Earth radius|''R''_🜨]] Jupiter mass [[Jupiter mass|''M''_J]] Jupiter radius [[Jupiter radius|''R''_J]] Jy [[Jansky|Jy]] M_Jupiter [[Jupiter mass|''M''_J]] R_Jupiter [[Jupiter radius|''R''_J]] Solar mass [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] solar mass [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] M_Solar [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] M_solar [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] R_Solar [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] R_solar [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] Solar radius [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] solar radius [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] Solar luminosity [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] solar luminosity [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] L_solar [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] L_Solar [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] Lo [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] pc2 [[Parsec|pc²]] pc3 [[Parsec|pc³]] kpc2 [[Parsec#Parsecs and kiloparsecs|kpc²]] kpc3 [[Parsec#Parsecs and kiloparsecs|kpc³]] kpc [[Parsec#Parsecs and kiloparsecs|kpc]] Mpc2 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Mpc²]] Mpc3 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Mpc³]] Mpc [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Mpc]] Gpc2 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Gpc²]] Gpc3 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Gpc³]] Gpc [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Gpc]] == Physics and chemistry == cm-1 [[Wavenumber|cm⁻¹]] u [[Unified atomic mass unit|u]] osmol [[Osmole (unit)|osmol]] Osm [[Osmole (unit)|Osm]] M [[Molarity|M]] TM [[Molarity|M]] SI GM [[Molarity|M]] SI MM [[Molarity|M]] SI kM [[Molarity|M]] SI hM [[Molarity|M]] SI daM [[Molarity|M]] SI dM [[Molarity|M]] SI cM [[Molarity|M]] SI mM [[Molarity|M]] SI uM [[Molarity|M]] 1e-6 nM [[Molarity|M]] SI pM [[Molarity|M]] SI kg.mol-1 [[Molar mass|kg&sdot;mol⁻¹]] kg/mol [[Molar mass|kg/mol]] g.mol-1 [[Molar mass|g&sdot;mol⁻¹]] g/mol [[Molar mass|g/mol]] eV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|eV/''c''²]] keV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|keV/''c''²]] MeV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|MeV/''c''²]] GeV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|GeV/''c''²]] TeV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|TeV/''c''²]] eV [[Electronvolt|eV]] meV [[Electronvolt|meV]] keV [[Electronvolt|keV]] MeV [[Electronvolt|MeV]] GeV [[Electronvolt|GeV]] TeV [[Electronvolt|TeV]] mol-1 [[Avogadro constant|mol⁻¹]] J.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|J&sdot;mol⁻¹]] J/mol [[Joule per mole|J/mol]] kJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|kJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] kJ/mol [[Joule per mole|kJ/mol]] MJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|MJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] MJ/mol [[Joule per mole|MJ/mol]] GJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|GJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] GJ/mol [[Joule per mole|GJ/mol]] TJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|TJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] TJ/mol [[Joule per mole|TJ/mol]] μB [[Bohr magneton|''μ''_B]] J.mol-1.K-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;mol⁻¹&sdot;K⁻¹]] J/mol.K [[Molar heat capacity|J/(mol&sdot;K)]] J.K-1.mol-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;K⁻¹&sdot;mol⁻¹]] J/K.mol [[Molar heat capacity|J/(K&sdot;mol)]] J.mol-1.degC-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;mol⁻¹&sdot;°C⁻¹]] J/mol.degC [[Molar heat capacity|J/(mol&sdot;°C)]] J.degC-1.mol-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;°C⁻¹&sdot;mol⁻¹]] J/degC.mol [[Molar heat capacity|J/(°C&sdot;mol)]] μPa.s [[Viscosity#Units|μPa&sdot;s]] mPa.s [[Viscosity#Units|mPa&sdot;s]] Pa.s [[Viscosity#Units|Pa&sdot;s]] kPa.s [[Viscosity#Units|kPa&sdot;s]] == Numbers and phrases == pp [[Page (paper)|pp]] ppb [[Parts per billion|ppb]] 1e-9 ppm [[Parts per million|ppm]] 1e-6 ppq [[Parts per quadrillion|ppq]] 1e-15 ppt [[Parts per trillion|ppt]] 1e-12 billiard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|billiard]] 1e15 billion [[1,000,000,000|billion]] 1e9 billionth [[1,000,000,000|billionth]] 1e-9 billionths [[1,000,000,000|billionths]] 1e-9 decilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1063|decilliard]] 1e63 decillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|decillion]] 1e33 decillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|decillionth]] 1e-33 decillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|decillionths]] 1e-33 milliard [[1,000,000,000|milliard]] 1e9 million [[Million|million]] 1e6 millionth [[Million|millionth]] 1e-6 millionths [[Million|millionths]] 1e-6 nonilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1057|nonilliard]] 1e57 nonillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|nonillion]] 1e30 nonillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|nonillionth]] 1e-30 nonillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|nonillionths]] 1e-30 octilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1051|octilliard]] 1e51 octillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|octillion]] 1e27 octillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|octillionth]] 1e-27 octillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|octillionths]] 1e-27 quadrilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|quadrilliard]] 1e27 quadrillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|quadrillion]] 1e15 quadrillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|quadrillionth]] 1e-15 quadrillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|quadrillionths]] 1e-15 quintilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|quintilliard]] 1e33 quintillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|quintillion]] 1e18 quintillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|quintillionth]] 1e-18 quintillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|quintillionths]] 1e-18 septilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1045|septilliard]] 1e45 septillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|septillion]] 1e24 septillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|septillionth]] 1e-24 septillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|septillionths]] 1e-24 sextilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1039|sextilliard]] 1e39 sextillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|sextillion]] 1e21 sextillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|sextillionth]] 1e-21 sextillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|sextillionths]] 1e-21 trilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|trilliard]] 1e21 trillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|trillion]] 1e12 trillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|trillionth]] 1e-12 trillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|trillionths]] 1e-12 == Angle and square angle == % % Percent ANGLE 0.01 percent % Percent ANGLE 0.01 per cent % Percent ANGLE 0.01 ‰ ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 per mil ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 per mill ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 per mille ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 permil ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 permill ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 permille ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 ° ° Degree (angle) ANGLE pi/180 deg ° Degree (angle) ANGLE pi/180 degree ° Degree (angle) NOSPACE pi/180 -- for a degree symbol that does not repeat ' ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 ′ ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 arcmin ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 arcminute ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 " ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 ″ ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 arcsec ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 arcsecond ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 mas [[Milliarcsecond|mas]] pi/648000000 uas [[Microarcsecond|μas]] pi/648000000000 μas [[Microarcsecond|μas]] pi/648000000000 sr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Ysr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Zsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Esr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Psr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Tsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Gsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Msr [[Steradian|sr]] SI ksr [[Steradian|sr]] SI hsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI dasr [[Steradian|sr]] SI dsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI csr [[Steradian|sr]] SI msr [[Steradian|sr]] SI usr [[Steradian|sr]] SI μsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI nsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI psr [[Steradian|sr]] SI fsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI asr [[Steradian|sr]] SI zsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI ysr [[Steradian|sr]] SI -- next three symbols from [[MNRAS]] (https://academic.oup.com/mnras/pages/general_instructions) deg2 [[Square degree|deg²]] arcmin2 [[Square degree|arcmin²]] arcsec2 [[Square degree|arcsec²]] mas2 [[Square degree|mas²]] uas2 [[Square degree|μas²]] μas2 [[Square degree|μas²]] ]=] -- If val has "|long scale=on" the following definitions are used -- (then, if not found here, the normal definitions are used). -- Unit code [[Link|Symbol]] Flags/Scale local builtin_units_long_scale = [=[ == Long scale numbers and phrases == billion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|billion]] 1e12 billionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|billionth]] 1e-12 billionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|billionths]] 1e-12 decillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1060|decillion]] 1e60 decillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1060|decillionth]] 1e-60 decillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1060|decillionths]] 1e-60 nonillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1054|nonillion]] 1e54 nonillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1054|nonillionth]] 1e-54 nonillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1054|nonillionths]] 1e-54 octillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1048|octillion]] 1e48 octillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1048|octillionth]] 1e-48 octillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1048|octillionths]] 1e-48 quadrillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|quadrillion]] 1e24 quadrillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|quadrillionth]] 1e-24 quadrillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|quadrillionths]] 1e-24 quintillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|quintillion]] 1e30 quintillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|quintillionth]] 1e-30 quintillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|quintillionths]] 1e-30 septillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1042|septillion]] 1e42 septillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1042|septillionth]] 1e-42 septillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1042|septillionths]] 1e-42 sextillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1036|sextillion]] 1e36 sextillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1036|sextillionth]] 1e-36 sextillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1036|sextillionths]] 1e-36 trillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|trillion]] 1e18 trillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|trillionth]] 1e-18 trillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|trillionths]] 1e-18 ]=] return { builtin_units = builtin_units, builtin_units_long_scale = builtin_units_long_scale } tuw24uoe4ak9akydma28mtuor0fl0p4 121270 121269 2026-09-04T22:16:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Val/units]] 121269 Scribunto text/plain -- Definitions for units known to val -- File format is two strings and a return statement with them in it: -- string in quotes [=[ ... builtin_units ... ]=]. -- string in quotes [=[ ... builtin_units_long_scale ... ]=]. -- First string, builtin_units, is short-scale, second string is long scale. -- Entry format: -- One record per line, starting in first column, having 2-4 fields. -- Field separator: two or more spaces -- Between first and second fields: two or more spaces -- Between all other fields: two or more spaces, or one or more tabs -- Entries without two spaces in them are ignored. -- There must be a blank line before the first entry and after the last. -- I.e. the first two and last two characters of the string must be newlines. -- Format of entry. Two record types: -- -- One record type is a wikilink: -- Unit-code [[ pagename | Symbol-accepts-HTML-only ]] -- Text-field separator is still two spaces. Two spaces not allowed in wikilink. -- -- The other record type is all fields: -- Unit-code symbol-accepts-HTML-only pagename#section-OK -- -- Plus there is an optional field that goes at the end after two or more spaces. -- Whether it is a number or an equation or the letters SI, -- any of these three has the same function: a wikitable sorting "scale". -- It is for sorting, and it works for either record type. -- Difference is SI can't accept HTML. But SI correctly scales any SI prefix. -- (Optional fields ALIAS and NOSPACE and ANGLE are for advanced users.) -- "Invalid unit" error: -- Using SI requires that the symbol equal unit-code, so never allows HTML. -- Any difference between SI or symbol must be an SI prefix, such as k, M, or G. -- A space at the end of an entry is an error. No space at each EOL. local builtin_units = [=[ == Test == Foo [[Hz|<samp>Foo</samp>]] Baz [[Hertz|baz₀]] Baz [[Kelvins|baz₀]] Bar [[Foobar|bar<abbr title="super duper">0</abbr>]] quux [[Foobar|<span title="super duper 2">bar0</span>]] == Unsorted units == c0 [[Speed of light#Numerical value, notation, and units|''c''₀]] lbf [[Pound (force)|<span title="pound-force">lb_F</span>]] N.s [[Newton-second|N&sdot;s]] J.K-1 [[Joule per kelvin|J&sdot;K⁻¹]] C.mol-1 [[Faraday constant|C&sdot;mol⁻¹]] C/mol [[Faraday constant|C/mol]] C.kg-1 [[Roentgen (unit)|C&sdot;kg⁻¹]] C/kg [[Roentgen (unit)|C/kg]] F.m-1 [[vacuum permittivity|F&sdot;m⁻¹]] F/m [[vacuum permittivity|F/m]] e [[Elementary charge|''e'']] kB [[Kilobyte|kB]] 8e3 KB [[Kilobyte|KB]] 8e3 MB [[Megabyte|MB]] 8e6 GB [[Gigabyte|GB]] 8e9 TB [[Terabyte|TB]] 8e12 lx [[Lux (unit)|lx]] nat [[nat (unit)|nat]] == Time and frequency == byte/s [[Data rate units|byte/s]] 8 kB/s [[Data rate units#Kilobyte per second|<span title="Kilobytes per second">kB/s</span>]] 8e3 MB/s [[Data rate units#Megabyte per second|<span title="Megabytes per second">MB/s</span>]] 8e6 GB/s [[Data rate units#Gigabyte per second|<span title="Gigabytes per second">GB/s</span>]] 8e9 TB/s [[Data rate units#Terabyte per second|<span title="Terabytes per second">TB/s</span>]] 8e12 bit/s [[Bit per second|bit/s]] 1 bps [[Bit per second|bit/s]] 1 kbit/s [[Kilobit per second|kbit/s]] 1e3 Mbit/s [[Megabit per second|Mbit/s]] 1e6 Gbit/s [[Gigabit per second|Gbit/s]] 1e9 Tbit/s [[Terabit per second|Tbit/s]] 1e12 kT/s [[Transfer (computing)|<span title="Kilotransfers per second">kT/s</span>]] 1e3 MT/s [[Transfer (computing)|<span title="Megatransfers per second">MT/s</span>]] 1e6 GT/s [[Transfer (computing)|<span title="Gigatransfers per second">GT/s</span>]] 1e9 year [[Year|year]] 31557600 years [[Year|years]] 31557600 yr [[Year#Symbols and abbreviations|yr]] 31557600 y [[Year|y]] 31557600 a [[Annum|a]] 31557600 Ga [[Gigaannum|Ga]] 31557600000000000 Ma [[Megaannum|Ma]] 31557600000000 ka [[Kiloannum|ka]] 31557600000 kyr [[kyr|kyr]] 31557600000 kya [[kyr|kya]] 31557600000 myr [[myr|myr]] 31557600000000 mya [[Mya (unit)|mya]] 31557600000000 byr [[Billion years|byr]] 31557600000000000 bya [[Billion years ago|bya]] 31557600000000000 Gyr [[billion years|Gyr]] 31557600000000000 BP [[Before present|BP]] uBP [[Radiocarbon dating#Calibration|¹⁴C yr BP]] BC [[Before Christ|BC]] -1 AD [[Anno Domini|AD]] 1 BCE [[Before the Common Era|BCE]] -1 CE [[Common Era|CE]] 1 JD [[Julian date|JD]] 1 MJD [[Modified Julian date|MJD]] 1 s-1 [[Second|s⁻¹]] s-2 [[Second|s⁻²]] s2 [[Second|s²]] s [[Second|s]] SI as [[Attosecond|s]] SI cs [[Second|s]] SI das [[Second|s]] SI ds [[Second|s]] SI Es [[Second|s]] SI fs [[Femtosecond|s]] SI Gs [[Second|s]] SI hs [[Second|s]] SI ks [[Second|s]] SI ms [[Millisecond|s]] SI µs [[Microsecond|s]] SI us [[Microsecond|s]] SI Ms [[Second|s]] SI ns [[Nanosecond|s]] SI ps [[Picosecond|s]] SI Ps [[Second|s]] SI Ts [[Second|s]] SI Ys [[Second|s]] SI ys [[Yoctosecond|s]] SI Zs [[Second|s]] SI zs [[Zeptosecond|s]] SI Hz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI aHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI cHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI daHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI dHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI EHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI fHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI hHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI GHz [[Gigahertz|Hz]] SI kHz [[Kilohertz|Hz]] SI MHz [[Megahertz|Hz]] SI mHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI uHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI µHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI nHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI pHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI PHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI THz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI yHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI YHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI zHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI ZHz [[Hertz|Hz]] SI ips [[Inch per second|ips]] == Length, area, volume == Å3 [[Ångström|ų]] fb-1 [[Barn (unit)#Inverse femtobarn|fb⁻¹]] m-1 [[Metre|m⁻¹]] m-2 [[Square metre|m⁻²]] m-3 [[Cubic metre|m⁻³]] km2 [[Square kilometre|km²]] km3 [[Cubic kilometre|km³]] µm2 [[Square metre|μm²]] um2 [[Square metre|μm²]] am2 [[Square metre|am²]] cm2 [[Square centimetre|cm²]] dam2 [[Square metre|dam²]] dm2 [[Square metre|dm²]] Em2 [[Square metre|Em²]] fm2 [[Square metre|fm²]] Gm2 [[Square metre|Gm²]] hm2 [[Square metre|hm²]] mm2 [[Square metre|mm²]] Mm2 [[Square metre|Mm²]] nm2 [[Square metre|nm²]] pm2 [[Square metre|pm²]] Pm2 [[Square metre|Pm²]] Tm2 [[Square metre|Tm²]] ym2 [[Square metre|ym²]] Ym2 [[Square metre|Ym²]] zm2 [[Square metre|zm²]] Zm2 [[Square metre|Zm²]] gal [[Gallon|gal]] Gal [[Gal (unit)|Gal]] uGal [[Gal (unit)|μGal]] µGal [[Gal (unit)|μGal]] mGal [[Gal (unit)|mGal]] b [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI ab [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI cb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI dab [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI db [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Eb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI fb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Gb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI hb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI kb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI mb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI µb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI ub [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Mb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI nb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI pb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Pb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Tb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Yb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI yb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI Zb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI zb [[Barn (unit)|b]] SI == Velocity and acceleration == m.s-2 [[Metre per second squared|m&sdot;s⁻²]] m/s2 [[Metre per second squared|m/s²]] m.s-1 [[Metre per second|m&sdot;s⁻¹]] m/s [[Metre per second|m/s]] km.s-1 [[Metre per second|km&sdot;s⁻¹]] km/s [[Metre per second|km/s]] == Mass and energy == lbm [[Pound (mass)|<span title="pound-mass">lb_m</span>]] uJ [[Joule|μJ]] J.s [[Joule-second|J&sdot;s]] kWh [[Kilowatt-hour|kWh]] kW.h [[Kilowatt-hour|kW&sdot;h]] J/C [[Volt|J/C]] J/kg [[Joule|J/kg]] Da [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI EDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI PDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI TDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI GDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI MDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI kDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI mDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI uDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI μDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI nDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI pDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI fDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI aDa [[Dalton (unit)|Da]] SI g [[Gram|g]] SI ag [[Attogram|g]] SI cg [[Centigram|g]] SI dag [[Gram|g]] SI dg [[Decigram|g]] SI Eg [[Exagram|g]] SI fg [[Femtogram|g]] SI Gg [[Gigagram|g]] SI hg [[Kilogram#SI multiples|g]] SI kg [[Kilogram|g]] SI mcg [[Microgram|g]] SI Mg [[Megagram|g]] SI mg [[Milligram|g]] SI ug [[Microgram|g]] SI µg [[Microgram|g]] SI ng [[Nanogram|g]] SI Pg [[Petagram|g]] SI pg [[Picogram|g]] SI Tg [[Tonne|g]] SI yg [[Yoctogram|g]] SI Yg [[Yottagram|g]] SI zg [[Zeptogram|g]] SI Zg [[Zettagram|g]] SI == Pressure and density == psi [[Pounds per square inch|psi]] g.cm-3 [[Gram per cubic centimetre|g&sdot;cm⁻³]] g/cm3 [[Gram per cubic centimetre|g/cm³]] kg.m-3 [[Kilogram per cubic metre|kg&sdot;m⁻³]] kg/m3 [[Kilogram per cubic metre|kg/m³]] kg/cm3 [[Density#Formula and common units|kg/cm³]] g/L [[Gram per litre|g/L]] g/l [[Gram per litre|g/l]] mcg/dL [[Gram per litre|μg/dL]] mcg/dl [[Gram per litre|μg/dl]] mg/mL [[Gram per litre|mg/mL]] mg/ml [[Gram per litre|mg/ml]] ug/dL [[Gram per litre|μg/dL]] ug/dl [[Gram per litre|μg/dl]] μg/dL [[Gram per litre|μg/dL]] μg/dl [[Gram per litre|μg/dl]] mg.L-1 [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/L</abbr>]] mg/L [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/L</abbr>]] mg.l-1 [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/l</abbr>]] mg/l [[Gram per litre|<abbr title="milligrams per liter">mg/l</abbr>]] == Fracture toughness == MPa.m.5 [[Fracture toughness|MPa&sdot;m^1/2]] kPa.m.5 [[Fracture toughness|kPa&sdot;m^1/2]] Pa.m.5 [[Fracture toughness|Pa&sdot;m^1/2]] == Temperature == degC °C ALIAS degF °F ALIAS degR °R ALIAS K [[Kelvin|K]] SI YK [[Yottakelvin|K]] SI ZK [[Zettakelvin|K]] SI EK [[Kelvin|K]] SI PK [[Petakelvin|K]] SI TK [[Terakelvin|K]] SI GK [[Gigakelvin|K]] SI MK [[Megakelvin|K]] SI kK [[Kilokelvin|K]] SI hK [[Hectokelvin|K]] SI daK [[Decakelvin|K]] SI dK [[Decikelvin|K]] SI cK [[Centikelvin|K]] SI mK [[Millikelvin|K]] SI µK [[Microkelvin|K]] SI uK [[Microkelvin|K]] SI nK [[Nanokelvin|K]] SI pK [[Picokelvin|K]] SI fK [[Femtokelvin|K]] SI aK [[Attokelvin|K]] SI zK [[Zeptokelvin|K]] SI yK [[Yoctokelvin|K]] SI == Electromagnetism == Wb [[Weber (unit)|Wb]] N.A-2 [[Permeability (electromagnetism)|N&sdot;A⁻²]] H.m-1 [[Permeability (electromagnetism)|H&sdot;m⁻¹]] V.m-1 [[Electric field|V&sdot;m⁻¹]] V/m [[Electric field|V/m]] C [[Coulomb|C]] SI YC [[Coulomb|C]] SI ZC [[Coulomb|C]] SI EC [[Coulomb|C]] SI PC [[Coulomb|C]] SI TC [[Coulomb|C]] SI GC [[Coulomb|C]] SI MC [[Coulomb|C]] SI kC [[Coulomb|C]] SI hC [[Coulomb|C]] SI daC [[Coulomb|C]] SI dC [[Coulomb|C]] SI cC [[Coulomb|C]] SI mC [[Coulomb|C]] SI µC [[Coulomb|C]] SI uC [[Coulomb|C]] SI nC [[Coulomb|C]] SI pC [[Coulomb|C]] SI fC [[Coulomb|C]] SI aC [[Coulomb|C]] SI zC [[Coulomb|C]] SI yC [[Coulomb|C]] SI F [[Farad|F]] SI YF [[Farad|F]] SI ZF [[Farad|F]] SI EF [[Farad|F]] SI PF [[Farad|F]] SI TF [[Farad|F]] SI GF [[Farad|F]] SI MF [[Farad|F]] SI kF [[Farad|F]] SI hF [[Farad|F]] SI daF [[Farad|F]] SI dF [[Farad|F]] SI cF [[Farad|F]] SI mF [[Farad|F]] SI µF [[Farad|F]] SI uF [[Farad|F]] SI nF [[Farad|F]] SI pF [[Farad|F]] SI fF [[Farad|F]] SI aF [[Farad|F]] SI zF [[Farad|F]] SI yF [[Farad|F]] SI H [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI YH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI ZH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI EH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI PH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI TH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI GH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI MH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI kH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI hH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI daH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI dH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI cH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI mH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI µH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI uH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI nH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI pH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI fH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI aH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI zH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI yH [[Henry (unit)|H]] SI A [[Ampere|A]] SI YA [[Ampere|A]] SI ZA [[Ampere|A]] SI EA [[Ampere|A]] SI PA [[Ampere|A]] SI TA [[Ampere|A]] SI GA [[Ampere|A]] SI MA [[Ampere|A]] SI kA [[Ampere|A]] SI hA [[Ampere|A]] SI daA [[Ampere|A]] SI dA [[Ampere|A]] SI cA [[Ampere|A]] SI mA [[Ampere|A]] SI µA [[Ampere|A]] SI uA [[Ampere|A]] SI nA [[Ampere|A]] SI pA [[Ampere|A]] SI fA [[Ampere|A]] SI aA [[Ampere|A]] SI zA [[Ampere|A]] SI yA [[Ampere|A]] SI V [[Volt|V]] SI YV [[Volt|V]] SI ZV [[Volt|V]] SI EV [[Volt|V]] SI PV [[Volt|V]] SI TV [[Volt|V]] SI GV [[Volt|V]] SI MV [[Volt|V]] SI kV [[Volt|V]] SI hV [[Volt|V]] SI daV [[Volt|V]] SI dV [[Volt|V]] SI cV [[Volt|V]] SI mV [[Volt|V]] SI µV [[Volt|V]] SI uV [[Volt|V]] SI nV [[Volt|V]] SI pV [[Volt|V]] SI fV [[Volt|V]] SI aV [[Volt|V]] SI zV [[Volt|V]] SI yV [[Volt|V]] SI VA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI YVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI ZVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI EVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI PVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI TVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI GVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI MVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI kVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI hVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI daVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI dVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI cVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI mVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI µVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI uVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI nVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI pVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI fVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI aVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI zVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI yVA [[Volt-ampere|VA]] SI Ω [[Ohm|Ω]] SI GΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI MΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI kΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI mΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI μΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI uΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI nΩ [[Ohm|Ω]] SI ohm [[Ohm|Ω]] Gohm [[Ohm|GΩ]] 1e9 Mohm [[Ohm|MΩ]] 1e6 kohm [[Ohm|kΩ]] 1e3 mohm [[Ohm|mΩ]] 1e-3 μohm [[Ohm|μΩ]] 1e-6 uohm [[Ohm|μΩ]] 1e-6 nohm [[Ohm|nΩ]] 1e-9 YΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|YΩ&sdot;m]] 1e24 ZΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|ZΩ&sdot;m]] 1e21 EΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|EΩ&sdot;m]] 1e18 PΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|PΩ&sdot;m]] 1e15 TΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|TΩ&sdot;m]] 1e12 GΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|GΩ&sdot;m]] 1e9 MΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|MΩ&sdot;m]] 1e6 kΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|kΩ&sdot;m]] 1e3 Ω.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|Ω&sdot;m]] 1 mΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|mΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-3 µΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|μΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-6 uΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|μΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-6 nΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|nΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-9 pΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|pΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-12 fΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|fΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-15 aΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|aΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-18 zΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|zΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-21 yΩ.m [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity#Definition|yΩ&sdot;m]] 1e-24 R [[Rayleigh (unit)|R]] SI G [[Gauss (unit)|G]] SI aG [[Attogauss|G]] SI cG [[Centigauss|G]] SI daG [[Decagauss|G]] SI dG [[Decigauss|G]] SI EG [[Exagauss|G]] SI fG [[Femtogauss|G]] SI GG [[Gigagauss|G]] SI hG [[Hectogauss|G]] SI kG [[Kilogauss|G]] SI MG [[Megagauss|G]] SI mG [[Milligauss|G]] SI uG [[Microgauss|G]] SI µG [[Microgauss|G]] SI nG [[Nanogauss|G]] SI PG [[Petagauss|G]] SI pG [[Picogauss|G]] SI TG [[Teragauss|G]] SI yG [[Yoctogauss|G]] SI YG [[Yottagauss|G]] SI zG [[Zeptogauss|G]] SI ZG [[Zettagauss|G]] SI T [[Tesla (unit)|T]] SI aT [[Attotesla|T]] SI cT [[Centitesla|T]] SI daT [[Decatesla|T]] SI dT [[Decitesla|T]] SI ET [[Exatesla|T]] SI fT [[Femtotesla|T]] SI GT [[Gigatesla|T]] SI hT [[Hectotesla|T]] SI kT [[Kilotesla|T]] SI MT [[Megatesla|T]] SI mT [[Millitesla|T]] SI uT [[Microtesla|T]] SI µT [[Microtesla|T]] SI nT [[Nanotesla|T]] SI PT [[Petatesla|T]] SI pT [[Picotesla|T]] SI TT [[Teratesla|T]] SI yT [[Yoctotesla|T]] SI YT [[Yottatesla|T]] SI zT [[Zeptotesla|T]] SI ZT [[Zettatesla|T]] SI == Astrophysics == au [[Astronomical unit|au]] c [[Speed of light|''c'']] ly [[Light-year|ly]] Earth mass [[Earth mass|''M''_🜨]] Earth radius [[Earth radius|''R''_🜨]] M_Earth [[Earth mass|''M''_🜨]] R_Earth [[Earth radius|''R''_🜨]] M+ [[Earth mass|''M''_🜨]] R+ [[Earth radius|''R''_🜨]] Jupiter mass [[Jupiter mass|''M''_J]] Jupiter radius [[Jupiter radius|''R''_J]] Jy [[Jansky|Jy]] M_Jupiter [[Jupiter mass|''M''_J]] R_Jupiter [[Jupiter radius|''R''_J]] Solar mass [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] solar mass [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] M_Solar [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] M_solar [[Solar mass|''M''_&#x2609;]] R_Solar [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] R_solar [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] Solar radius [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] solar radius [[Solar radius|''R''_&#x2609;]] Solar luminosity [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] solar luminosity [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] L_solar [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] L_Solar [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] Lo [[Solar luminosity|''L''_&#x2609;]] pc2 [[Parsec|pc²]] pc3 [[Parsec|pc³]] kpc2 [[Parsec#Parsecs and kiloparsecs|kpc²]] kpc3 [[Parsec#Parsecs and kiloparsecs|kpc³]] kpc [[Parsec#Parsecs and kiloparsecs|kpc]] Mpc2 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Mpc²]] Mpc3 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Mpc³]] Mpc [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Mpc]] Gpc2 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Gpc²]] Gpc3 [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Gpc³]] Gpc [[Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs|Gpc]] == Physics and chemistry == cm-1 [[Wavenumber|cm⁻¹]] u [[Unified atomic mass unit|u]] osmol [[Osmole (unit)|osmol]] Osm [[Osmole (unit)|Osm]] M [[Molarity|M]] TM [[Molarity|M]] SI GM [[Molarity|M]] SI MM [[Molarity|M]] SI kM [[Molarity|M]] SI hM [[Molarity|M]] SI daM [[Molarity|M]] SI dM [[Molarity|M]] SI cM [[Molarity|M]] SI mM [[Molarity|M]] SI uM [[Molarity|M]] 1e-6 nM [[Molarity|M]] SI pM [[Molarity|M]] SI kg.mol-1 [[Molar mass|kg&sdot;mol⁻¹]] kg/mol [[Molar mass|kg/mol]] g.mol-1 [[Molar mass|g&sdot;mol⁻¹]] g/mol [[Molar mass|g/mol]] eV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|eV/''c''²]] keV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|keV/''c''²]] MeV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|MeV/''c''²]] GeV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|GeV/''c''²]] TeV/c2 [[Electronvolt#Mass|TeV/''c''²]] eV [[Electronvolt|eV]] meV [[Electronvolt|meV]] keV [[Electronvolt|keV]] MeV [[Electronvolt|MeV]] GeV [[Electronvolt|GeV]] TeV [[Electronvolt|TeV]] mol-1 [[Avogadro constant|mol⁻¹]] J.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|J&sdot;mol⁻¹]] J/mol [[Joule per mole|J/mol]] kJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|kJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] kJ/mol [[Joule per mole|kJ/mol]] MJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|MJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] MJ/mol [[Joule per mole|MJ/mol]] GJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|GJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] GJ/mol [[Joule per mole|GJ/mol]] TJ.mol-1 [[Joule per mole|TJ&sdot;mol⁻¹]] TJ/mol [[Joule per mole|TJ/mol]] μB [[Bohr magneton|''μ''_B]] J.mol-1.K-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;mol⁻¹&sdot;K⁻¹]] J/mol.K [[Molar heat capacity|J/(mol&sdot;K)]] J.K-1.mol-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;K⁻¹&sdot;mol⁻¹]] J/K.mol [[Molar heat capacity|J/(K&sdot;mol)]] J.mol-1.degC-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;mol⁻¹&sdot;°C⁻¹]] J/mol.degC [[Molar heat capacity|J/(mol&sdot;°C)]] J.degC-1.mol-1 [[Molar heat capacity|J&sdot;°C⁻¹&sdot;mol⁻¹]] J/degC.mol [[Molar heat capacity|J/(°C&sdot;mol)]] μPa.s [[Viscosity#Units|μPa&sdot;s]] mPa.s [[Viscosity#Units|mPa&sdot;s]] Pa.s [[Viscosity#Units|Pa&sdot;s]] kPa.s [[Viscosity#Units|kPa&sdot;s]] == Numbers and phrases == pp [[Page (paper)|pp]] ppb [[Parts per billion|ppb]] 1e-9 ppm [[Parts per million|ppm]] 1e-6 ppq [[Parts per quadrillion|ppq]] 1e-15 ppt [[Parts per trillion|ppt]] 1e-12 billiard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|billiard]] 1e15 billion [[1,000,000,000|billion]] 1e9 billionth [[1,000,000,000|billionth]] 1e-9 billionths [[1,000,000,000|billionths]] 1e-9 decilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1063|decilliard]] 1e63 decillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|decillion]] 1e33 decillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|decillionth]] 1e-33 decillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|decillionths]] 1e-33 milliard [[1,000,000,000|milliard]] 1e9 million [[Million|million]] 1e6 millionth [[Million|millionth]] 1e-6 millionths [[Million|millionths]] 1e-6 nonilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1057|nonilliard]] 1e57 nonillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|nonillion]] 1e30 nonillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|nonillionth]] 1e-30 nonillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|nonillionths]] 1e-30 octilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1051|octilliard]] 1e51 octillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|octillion]] 1e27 octillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|octillionth]] 1e-27 octillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|octillionths]] 1e-27 quadrilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1027|quadrilliard]] 1e27 quadrillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|quadrillion]] 1e15 quadrillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|quadrillionth]] 1e-15 quadrillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1015|quadrillionths]] 1e-15 quintilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1033|quintilliard]] 1e33 quintillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|quintillion]] 1e18 quintillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|quintillionth]] 1e-18 quintillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|quintillionths]] 1e-18 septilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1045|septilliard]] 1e45 septillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|septillion]] 1e24 septillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|septillionth]] 1e-24 septillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|septillionths]] 1e-24 sextilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1039|sextilliard]] 1e39 sextillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|sextillion]] 1e21 sextillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|sextillionth]] 1e-21 sextillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|sextillionths]] 1e-21 trilliard [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1021|trilliard]] 1e21 trillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|trillion]] 1e12 trillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|trillionth]] 1e-12 trillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|trillionths]] 1e-12 == Angle and square angle == % % Percent ANGLE 0.01 percent % Percent ANGLE 0.01 per cent % Percent ANGLE 0.01 ‰ ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 per mil ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 per mill ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 per mille ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 permil ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 permill ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 permille ‰ Per mil ANGLE 1e-3 ° ° Degree (angle) ANGLE pi/180 deg ° Degree (angle) ANGLE pi/180 degree ° Degree (angle) NOSPACE pi/180 -- for a degree symbol that does not repeat ' ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 ′ ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 arcmin ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 arcminute ′ Minute of arc ANGLE pi/10800 " ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 ″ ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 arcsec ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 arcsecond ″ Second of arc ANGLE pi/648000 mas [[Milliarcsecond|mas]] pi/648000000 uas [[Microarcsecond|μas]] pi/648000000000 μas [[Microarcsecond|μas]] pi/648000000000 sr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Ysr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Zsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Esr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Psr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Tsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Gsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI Msr [[Steradian|sr]] SI ksr [[Steradian|sr]] SI hsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI dasr [[Steradian|sr]] SI dsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI csr [[Steradian|sr]] SI msr [[Steradian|sr]] SI usr [[Steradian|sr]] SI μsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI nsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI psr [[Steradian|sr]] SI fsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI asr [[Steradian|sr]] SI zsr [[Steradian|sr]] SI ysr [[Steradian|sr]] SI -- next three symbols from [[MNRAS]] (https://academic.oup.com/mnras/pages/general_instructions) deg2 [[Square degree|deg²]] arcmin2 [[Square degree|arcmin²]] arcsec2 [[Square degree|arcsec²]] mas2 [[Square degree|mas²]] uas2 [[Square degree|μas²]] μas2 [[Square degree|μas²]] ]=] -- If val has "|long scale=on" the following definitions are used -- (then, if not found here, the normal definitions are used). -- Unit code [[Link|Symbol]] Flags/Scale local builtin_units_long_scale = [=[ == Long scale numbers and phrases == billion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|billion]] 1e12 billionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|billionth]] 1e-12 billionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|billionths]] 1e-12 decillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1060|decillion]] 1e60 decillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1060|decillionth]] 1e-60 decillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1060|decillionths]] 1e-60 nonillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1054|nonillion]] 1e54 nonillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1054|nonillionth]] 1e-54 nonillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1054|nonillionths]] 1e-54 octillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1048|octillion]] 1e48 octillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1048|octillionth]] 1e-48 octillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1048|octillionths]] 1e-48 quadrillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|quadrillion]] 1e24 quadrillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|quadrillionth]] 1e-24 quadrillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1024|quadrillionths]] 1e-24 quintillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|quintillion]] 1e30 quintillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|quintillionth]] 1e-30 quintillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1030|quintillionths]] 1e-30 septillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1042|septillion]] 1e42 septillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1042|septillionth]] 1e-42 septillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1042|septillionths]] 1e-42 sextillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1036|sextillion]] 1e36 sextillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1036|sextillionth]] 1e-36 sextillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1036|sextillionths]] 1e-36 trillion [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|trillion]] 1e18 trillionth [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|trillionth]] 1e-18 trillionths [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1018|trillionths]] 1e-18 ]=] return { builtin_units = builtin_units, builtin_units_long_scale = builtin_units_long_scale } tuw24uoe4ak9akydma28mtuor0fl0p4 10 20804 121273 62253 2024-06-11T22:40:06Z en>HouseBlaster 0 fix redirect 121273 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Nominated]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from long name}} {{R from template shortcut}} {{R from move}} }} 5bkkc4v5a842e4t4kjbp0aj7swzaqxt 121274 121273 2026-09-04T22:16:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from 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{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> kpex67sx09gvxcbkof172qndfuj72zd 10 20809 121283 62263 2026-02-28T00:34:59Z en>ChomponU Pongsawet 0 Replaced the "_" with the " ". 121283 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|[[Casting (performing arts)#Cast types or roles|Main]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> 34f9ykbv5h7rmqubviz2j76gypk089l 121284 121283 2026-09-04T22:16:35Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:CMain]] 121283 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|[[Casting (performing 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{{{1|[[Recurring character|Recurring]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> szr6yae1gqefxjfh6rjt8j7c3ia9qs9 10 20811 121287 62267 2026-03-10T00:17:53Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:TBA]] to [[Template:To be announced]]: expand name for clarity 121287 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:To be announced]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} d2lptqkbjoz4hh9eweqr0qou8p9g303 121288 121287 2026-09-04T22:16:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:TBA]] 121287 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:To be announced]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} d2lptqkbjoz4hh9eweqr0qou8p9g303 10 20812 121291 62269 2026-03-13T12:04:45Z en>Trialpears 0 More bronze color per edit request on talk page 121291 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: {{ #switch: {{lc:{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}} |won = 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{{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>C96}}}}}} |platinum = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>767676}}}}}} |honorary = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>CEF}}}}}} |#default = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>F8EABA}}}}}} }}|{{ #switch: {{lc:{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}} |platinum = {{{text|{{{t|<nowiki>#</nowiki>FFF}}}}}} |#default = {{{text|{{{t|<nowiki>#</nowiki>000}}}}}} }}}} < 4.5|[[Category:Articles using unified table cell templates with invalid colour combination]]}}}}}}{{{1|{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> hrubpjwpj11n2g1y0qjrd9tqzibojzs 121292 121291 2026-09-04T22:16:37Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Won]] 121291 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: {{ #switch: {{lc:{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}} |won = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>9EFF9E}}}}}} |1|1st|gold = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>FFD700}}}}}} |2|2nd|silver = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>C0C0C0}}}}}} |3|3rd|bronze = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>C96}}}}}} |platinum = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>767676}}}}}} |honorary = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>CEF}}}}}} |#default = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>F8EABA}}}}}} }}; color: {{ #switch: {{lc:{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}} |platinum = {{{text|{{{t|<nowiki>#</nowiki>FFF}}}}}} |#default = {{{text|{{{t|<nowiki>#</nowiki>000}}}}}} }}; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="yes table-yes2 notheme"|{{#if:{{{color|}}}{{{c|}}}{{{text|}}}{{{t|}}}|{{Main other|{{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:Color contrast|ratio|{{#switch: {{lc:{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}} |won = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>9EFF9E}}}}}} |1|1st|gold = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>FFD700}}}}}} |2|2nd|silver = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>C0C0C0}}}}}} |3|3rd|bronze = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>C96}}}}}} |platinum = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>767676}}}}}} |honorary = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>CEF}}}}}} |#default = {{{color|{{{c|<nowiki>#</nowiki>F8EABA}}}}}} }}|{{ #switch: {{lc:{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}} |platinum = {{{text|{{{t|<nowiki>#</nowiki>FFF}}}}}} |#default = {{{text|{{{t|<nowiki>#</nowiki>000}}}}}} }}}} < 4.5|[[Category:Articles using unified table cell templates with invalid colour combination]]}}}}}}{{{1|{{{place|{{{p|Won}}}}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> hrubpjwpj11n2g1y0qjrd9tqzibojzs 10 20813 121295 62271 2024-07-11T18:47:38Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121295 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #BFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="yes2 table-yes2"| {{{1|Good}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 03fg7apnyuq2mq70svxuvgasx099ckx 121296 121295 2026-09-04T22:16:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Good]] 121295 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #BFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="yes2 table-yes2"| {{{1|Good}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 03fg7apnyuq2mq70svxuvgasx099ckx 10 20815 121297 62275 2025-10-13T19:36:39Z en>Gamapamani 0 nowrap differs from standard cell template behavior, needlessly forces horz stretching with customized text, and can be easily added with |style if really needed 121297 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #EEE); color: var(--color-base, black); vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-Unknown" | {{{1|Unknown}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> mzra2hnvvpsfkb2vhyjmm68zwji8ujj 121298 121297 2026-09-04T22:16:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Unknown]] 121297 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #EEE); color: var(--color-base, black); vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-Unknown" | {{{1|Unknown}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> mzra2hnvvpsfkb2vhyjmm68zwji8ujj 10 20816 121299 62277 2025-04-21T18:00:43Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Shade]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 251 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121299 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{|class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>rowspan="{{{rowspan|1}}}" style="background:#{{#invoke:Color |hexMix |F8F9FA |{{#switch:{{{color|}}} |green=92EE92 |blue=73CEFF |gold=F6D770 |violet=FFA5FF |orange=FBB775 |grey=C5C5C5 |FFA9A9}} |{{#expr:{{#if:{{{inv|}}} |{{{max|100}}}-}}{{{1|0}}}}} |max={{{max|100}}}}};color:black;vertical-align:{{{valign|middle}}};text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}"|{{{2|{{{pre|}}}{{formatnum:{{{1|0}}}}}{{{suff|}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> t1qx1hg05rzmtva5nwbyvxg6ch7wpcv 121300 121299 2026-09-04T22:16:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Shade]] 121299 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{|class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>rowspan="{{{rowspan|1}}}" style="background:#{{#invoke:Color |hexMix |F8F9FA |{{#switch:{{{color|}}} |green=92EE92 |blue=73CEFF |gold=F6D770 |violet=FFA5FF |orange=FBB775 |grey=C5C5C5 |FFA9A9}} |{{#expr:{{#if:{{{inv|}}} |{{{max|100}}}-}}{{{1|0}}}}} |max={{{max|100}}}}};color:black;vertical-align:{{{valign|middle}}};text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}"|{{{2|{{{pre|}}}{{formatnum:{{{1|0}}}}}{{{suff|}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> t1qx1hg05rzmtva5nwbyvxg6ch7wpcv 828 20817 121301 62279 2025-06-20T01:21:51Z en>Awesome Aasim 0 add more function exports for other Lua modules 121301 Scribunto text/plain -- Introduction: https://colorspace.r-forge.r-project.org/articles/color_spaces.html local p = {} local function isempty(v) return v == nil or v == '' end local function hexToRgb(color) local cleanColor = color:gsub("&#35;", "#"):match('^[%s#]*(.-)[%s;]*$') if (#cleanColor == 6) then return { r = tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 1, 2), 16), g = tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 3, 4), 16), b = tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 5, 6), 16) } elseif (#cleanColor == 3) then return { r = 17 * tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 1, 1), 16), g = 17 * tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 2, 2), 16), b = 17 * tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 3, 3), 16) } end error("Invalid hexadecimal color " .. cleanColor, 1) end p._hexToRgb = hexToRgb local function round(v) if (v < 0) then return math.ceil(v - 0.5) else return math.floor(v + 0.5) end end local function rgbToHex(r, g, b) return string.format("%02X%02X%02X", round(r), round(g), round(b)) end p._rgbToHex = rgbToHex local function rgbToCmyk(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local c = 1 - r / 255 local m = 1 - g / 255 local y = 1 - b / 255 local k = math.min(c, m, y) if (k == 1) then c = 0 m = 0 y = 0 else local d = 1 - k c = (c - k) / d m = (m - k) / d y = (y - k) / d end return { c = c * 100, m = m * 100, y = y * 100, k = k * 100 } end p._rgbToCmyk = rgbToCmyk local function rgbToHsl(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local channelMax = math.max(r, g, b) local channelMin = math.min(r, g, b) local range = channelMax - channelMin local h, s if (range == 0) then h = 0 elseif (channelMax == r) then h = 60 * ((g - b) / range) if (h < 0) then h = 360 + h end elseif (channelMax == g) then h = 60 * (2 + (b - r) / range) else h = 60 * (4 + (r - g) / range) end local L = channelMax + channelMin if (L == 0 or L == 510) then s = 0 else s = 100 * range / math.min(L, 510 - L) end return { h = h, s = s, l = L * 50 / 255 } end p._rgbToHsl = rgbToHsl local function rgbToHsv(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local channelMax = math.max(r, g, b) local channelMin = math.min(r, g, b) local range = channelMax - channelMin local h, s if (range == 0) then h = 0 elseif (channelMax == r) then h = 60 * ((g - b) / range) if (h < 0) then h = 360 + h end elseif (channelMax == g) then h = 60 * (2 + (b - r) / range) else h = 60 * (4 + (r - g) / range) end if (channelMax == 0) then s = 0 else s = 100 * range / channelMax end return { h = h, s = s, v = channelMax * 100 / 255 } end p._rgbToHsv = rgbToHsv -- c in [0, 255], condition tweaked for no discontinuity -- http://entropymine.com/imageworsener/srgbformula/ local function toLinear(c) if (c > 10.314300250662591) then return math.pow((c + 14.025) / 269.025, 2.4) else return c / 3294.6 end end local function toNonLinear(c) if (c > 0.00313066844250063) then return 269.025 * math.pow(c, 1.0/2.4) - 14.025 else return 3294.6 * c end end local function srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local R = toLinear(r) local G = toLinear(g) local B = toLinear(b) -- https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/5922 local X = 0.1804807884018343 * B + 0.357584339383878 * G + 0.41239079926595934 * R local Y = 0.07219231536073371 * B + 0.21263900587151027 * R + 0.715168678767756 * G local Z = 0.01933081871559182 * R + 0.11919477979462598 * G + 0.9505321522496607 * B local L, C, h if (Y > 0.00885645167903563082) then L = 116 * math.pow(Y, 1/3) - 16 else L = Y * 903.2962962962962962963 end if ((r == g and g == b) or L == 0) then C = 0 h = 0 else d = X + 3 * Z + 15 * Y if (d == 0) then C = 0 h = 0 else -- 0.19783... and 0.4631... computed with extra precision from (X,Y,Z) when (R,G,B) = (1,1,1), -- in which case (u,v) ≈ (0,0) local us = 4 * X / d - 0.19783000664283678994 local vs = 9 * Y / d - 0.46831999493879099801 h = math.atan2(vs, us) * 57.2957795130823208768 if (h < 0) then h = h + 360 elseif (h == 0) then h = 0 -- ensure zero is positive end C = math.sqrt(us * us + vs * vs) * 13 * L if (C == 0) then C = 0 h = 0 end end end return { L = L, C = C, h = h } end p._srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg = srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg local function srgbMix(t, r0, g0, b0, r1, g1, b1) if (t > 1 or t < 0) then error("Interpolation parameter out of bounds") end if (r0 > 255 or g0 > 255 or b0 > 255 or r1 > 255 or g1 > 255 or b1 > 255 or r0 < 0 or g0 < 0 or b0 < 0 or r1 < 0 or g1 < 0 or b1 < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local tc = 1 - t return { r = toNonLinear(tc * toLinear(r0) + t * toLinear(r1)), g = toNonLinear(tc * toLinear(g0) + t * toLinear(g1)), b = toNonLinear(tc * toLinear(b0) + t * toLinear(b1)) } end local function formatToPrecision(value, p) return string.format("%." .. p .. "f", value) end local function getFractionalZeros(p) if (p > 0) then return "." .. string.rep("0", p) else return "" end end function p.hexToRgbTriplet(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) return rgb.r .. ', ' .. rgb.g .. ', ' .. rgb.b else return "" end end function p.rgbTripletToHex(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local r = tonumber(args[1]) local g = tonumber(args[2]) local b = tonumber(args [3]) if (isempty(r) or isempty(g) or isempty(b)) then return "" else return rgbToHex(r,g,b) end end function p.hexToCmyk(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local s = args.pctsign or "1" local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local cmyk = rgbToCmyk(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fk = formatToPrecision(cmyk.k, p) local fc, fm, fy local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) if (fk == 100 .. fracZeros) then local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros fc = fZero fm = fZero fy = fZero else fc = formatToPrecision(cmyk.c, p) fm = formatToPrecision(cmyk.m, p) fy = formatToPrecision(cmyk.y, p) end if (s ~= "0") then return fc .. "%, " .. fm .. "%, " .. fy .. "%, " .. fk .. "%" else return fc .. ", " .. fm .. ", " .. fy .. ", " .. fk end else return "" end end function p.hexToHsl(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local hsl = rgbToHsl(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fl = formatToPrecision(hsl.l, p) local fs, fh local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros if (fl == fZero or fl == 100 .. fracZeros) then fs = fZero fh = fZero else fs = formatToPrecision(hsl.s, p) if (fs == fZero) then fh = fZero else fh = formatToPrecision(hsl.h, p) if (fh == 360 .. fracZeros) then fh = fZero -- handle rounding to 360 end end end return fh .. "°, " .. fs .. "%, " .. fl .. "%" else return "" end end function p.hexToHsv(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local hsv = rgbToHsv(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fv = formatToPrecision(hsv.v, p) local fs, fh local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros if (fv == fZero) then fh = fZero fs = fZero else fs = formatToPrecision(hsv.s, p) if (fs == fZero) then fh = fZero else fh = formatToPrecision(hsv.h, p) if (fh == 360 .. fracZeros) then fh = fZero -- handle rounding to 360 end end end return fh .. "°, " .. fs .. "%, " .. fv .. "%" else return "" end end function p.hexToCielch(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local LCh = srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fL = formatToPrecision(LCh.L, p) local fC, fh local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros if (fL == fZero or fL == 100 .. fracZeros) then fC = fZero fh = fZero else fC = formatToPrecision(LCh.C, p) if (fC == fZero) then fh = fZero else fh = formatToPrecision(LCh.h, p) if (fh == 360 .. fracZeros) then fh = fZero -- handle rounding to 360 end end end return fL .. ", " .. fC .. ", " .. fh .. "°" else return "" end end function p.hexMix(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex0 = args[1] local hex1 = args[2] if (isempty(hex0) or isempty(hex1)) then return "" end local t = tonumber(args[3]) if not t then t = 0.5 else local min = tonumber(args.min) or 0 local max = tonumber(args.max) or 100 if (min >= max) then error("Minimum proportion greater than or equal to maximum") elseif (t < min) then t = 0 elseif (t > max) then t = 1 else t = (t - min) / (max - min) end end local rgb0 = hexToRgb(hex0) local rgb1 = hexToRgb(hex1) local rgb = srgbMix(t, rgb0.r, rgb0.g, rgb0.b, rgb1.r, rgb1.g, rgb1.b) return rgbToHex(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) end return p ktb90vylgy2rb56bi0vlcczgnx4zzi2 121302 121301 2026-09-04T22:16:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Color]] 121301 Scribunto text/plain -- Introduction: https://colorspace.r-forge.r-project.org/articles/color_spaces.html local p = {} local function isempty(v) return v == nil or v == '' end local function hexToRgb(color) local cleanColor = color:gsub("&#35;", "#"):match('^[%s#]*(.-)[%s;]*$') if (#cleanColor == 6) then return { r = tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 1, 2), 16), g = tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 3, 4), 16), b = tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 5, 6), 16) } elseif (#cleanColor == 3) then return { r = 17 * tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 1, 1), 16), g = 17 * tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 2, 2), 16), b = 17 * tonumber(string.sub(cleanColor, 3, 3), 16) } end error("Invalid hexadecimal color " .. cleanColor, 1) end p._hexToRgb = hexToRgb local function round(v) if (v < 0) then return math.ceil(v - 0.5) else return math.floor(v + 0.5) end end local function rgbToHex(r, g, b) return string.format("%02X%02X%02X", round(r), round(g), round(b)) end p._rgbToHex = rgbToHex local function rgbToCmyk(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local c = 1 - r / 255 local m = 1 - g / 255 local y = 1 - b / 255 local k = math.min(c, m, y) if (k == 1) then c = 0 m = 0 y = 0 else local d = 1 - k c = (c - k) / d m = (m - k) / d y = (y - k) / d end return { c = c * 100, m = m * 100, y = y * 100, k = k * 100 } end p._rgbToCmyk = rgbToCmyk local function rgbToHsl(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local channelMax = math.max(r, g, b) local channelMin = math.min(r, g, b) local range = channelMax - channelMin local h, s if (range == 0) then h = 0 elseif (channelMax == r) then h = 60 * ((g - b) / range) if (h < 0) then h = 360 + h end elseif (channelMax == g) then h = 60 * (2 + (b - r) / range) else h = 60 * (4 + (r - g) / range) end local L = channelMax + channelMin if (L == 0 or L == 510) then s = 0 else s = 100 * range / math.min(L, 510 - L) end return { h = h, s = s, l = L * 50 / 255 } end p._rgbToHsl = rgbToHsl local function rgbToHsv(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local channelMax = math.max(r, g, b) local channelMin = math.min(r, g, b) local range = channelMax - channelMin local h, s if (range == 0) then h = 0 elseif (channelMax == r) then h = 60 * ((g - b) / range) if (h < 0) then h = 360 + h end elseif (channelMax == g) then h = 60 * (2 + (b - r) / range) else h = 60 * (4 + (r - g) / range) end if (channelMax == 0) then s = 0 else s = 100 * range / channelMax end return { h = h, s = s, v = channelMax * 100 / 255 } end p._rgbToHsv = rgbToHsv -- c in [0, 255], condition tweaked for no discontinuity -- http://entropymine.com/imageworsener/srgbformula/ local function toLinear(c) if (c > 10.314300250662591) then return math.pow((c + 14.025) / 269.025, 2.4) else return c / 3294.6 end end local function toNonLinear(c) if (c > 0.00313066844250063) then return 269.025 * math.pow(c, 1.0/2.4) - 14.025 else return 3294.6 * c end end local function srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg(r, g, b) if (r > 255 or g > 255 or b > 255 or r < 0 or g < 0 or b < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local R = toLinear(r) local G = toLinear(g) local B = toLinear(b) -- https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/5922 local X = 0.1804807884018343 * B + 0.357584339383878 * G + 0.41239079926595934 * R local Y = 0.07219231536073371 * B + 0.21263900587151027 * R + 0.715168678767756 * G local Z = 0.01933081871559182 * R + 0.11919477979462598 * G + 0.9505321522496607 * B local L, C, h if (Y > 0.00885645167903563082) then L = 116 * math.pow(Y, 1/3) - 16 else L = Y * 903.2962962962962962963 end if ((r == g and g == b) or L == 0) then C = 0 h = 0 else d = X + 3 * Z + 15 * Y if (d == 0) then C = 0 h = 0 else -- 0.19783... and 0.4631... computed with extra precision from (X,Y,Z) when (R,G,B) = (1,1,1), -- in which case (u,v) ≈ (0,0) local us = 4 * X / d - 0.19783000664283678994 local vs = 9 * Y / d - 0.46831999493879099801 h = math.atan2(vs, us) * 57.2957795130823208768 if (h < 0) then h = h + 360 elseif (h == 0) then h = 0 -- ensure zero is positive end C = math.sqrt(us * us + vs * vs) * 13 * L if (C == 0) then C = 0 h = 0 end end end return { L = L, C = C, h = h } end p._srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg = srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg local function srgbMix(t, r0, g0, b0, r1, g1, b1) if (t > 1 or t < 0) then error("Interpolation parameter out of bounds") end if (r0 > 255 or g0 > 255 or b0 > 255 or r1 > 255 or g1 > 255 or b1 > 255 or r0 < 0 or g0 < 0 or b0 < 0 or r1 < 0 or g1 < 0 or b1 < 0) then error("Color level out of bounds") end local tc = 1 - t return { r = toNonLinear(tc * toLinear(r0) + t * toLinear(r1)), g = toNonLinear(tc * toLinear(g0) + t * toLinear(g1)), b = toNonLinear(tc * toLinear(b0) + t * toLinear(b1)) } end local function formatToPrecision(value, p) return string.format("%." .. p .. "f", value) end local function getFractionalZeros(p) if (p > 0) then return "." .. string.rep("0", p) else return "" end end function p.hexToRgbTriplet(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) return rgb.r .. ', ' .. rgb.g .. ', ' .. rgb.b else return "" end end function p.rgbTripletToHex(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local r = tonumber(args[1]) local g = tonumber(args[2]) local b = tonumber(args [3]) if (isempty(r) or isempty(g) or isempty(b)) then return "" else return rgbToHex(r,g,b) end end function p.hexToCmyk(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local s = args.pctsign or "1" local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local cmyk = rgbToCmyk(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fk = formatToPrecision(cmyk.k, p) local fc, fm, fy local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) if (fk == 100 .. fracZeros) then local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros fc = fZero fm = fZero fy = fZero else fc = formatToPrecision(cmyk.c, p) fm = formatToPrecision(cmyk.m, p) fy = formatToPrecision(cmyk.y, p) end if (s ~= "0") then return fc .. "%, " .. fm .. "%, " .. fy .. "%, " .. fk .. "%" else return fc .. ", " .. fm .. ", " .. fy .. ", " .. fk end else return "" end end function p.hexToHsl(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local hsl = rgbToHsl(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fl = formatToPrecision(hsl.l, p) local fs, fh local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros if (fl == fZero or fl == 100 .. fracZeros) then fs = fZero fh = fZero else fs = formatToPrecision(hsl.s, p) if (fs == fZero) then fh = fZero else fh = formatToPrecision(hsl.h, p) if (fh == 360 .. fracZeros) then fh = fZero -- handle rounding to 360 end end end return fh .. "°, " .. fs .. "%, " .. fl .. "%" else return "" end end function p.hexToHsv(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local hsv = rgbToHsv(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fv = formatToPrecision(hsv.v, p) local fs, fh local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros if (fv == fZero) then fh = fZero fs = fZero else fs = formatToPrecision(hsv.s, p) if (fs == fZero) then fh = fZero else fh = formatToPrecision(hsv.h, p) if (fh == 360 .. fracZeros) then fh = fZero -- handle rounding to 360 end end end return fh .. "°, " .. fs .. "%, " .. fv .. "%" else return "" end end function p.hexToCielch(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex = args[1] if (hex) then local p = tonumber(args.precision) or 0 local rgb = hexToRgb(hex) local LCh = srgbToCielchuvD65o2deg(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) local fL = formatToPrecision(LCh.L, p) local fC, fh local fracZeros = getFractionalZeros(p) local fZero = 0 .. fracZeros if (fL == fZero or fL == 100 .. fracZeros) then fC = fZero fh = fZero else fC = formatToPrecision(LCh.C, p) if (fC == fZero) then fh = fZero else fh = formatToPrecision(LCh.h, p) if (fh == 360 .. fracZeros) then fh = fZero -- handle rounding to 360 end end end return fL .. ", " .. fC .. ", " .. fh .. "°" else return "" end end function p.hexMix(frame) local args = frame.args or frame:getParent().args local hex0 = args[1] local hex1 = args[2] if (isempty(hex0) or isempty(hex1)) then return "" end local t = tonumber(args[3]) if not t then t = 0.5 else local min = tonumber(args.min) or 0 local max = tonumber(args.max) or 100 if (min >= max) then error("Minimum proportion greater than or equal to maximum") elseif (t < min) then t = 0 elseif (t > max) then t = 1 else t = (t - min) / (max - min) end end local rgb0 = hexToRgb(hex0) local rgb1 = hexToRgb(hex1) local rgb = srgbMix(t, rgb0.r, rgb0.g, rgb0.b, rgb1.r, rgb1.g, rgb1.b) return rgbToHex(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b) end return p ktb90vylgy2rb56bi0vlcczgnx4zzi2 10 20818 121305 62281 2024-07-11T18:26:37Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121305 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-failure" | {{{1|Failure}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> i0xyxc5emmyqx10cgtytf94ajlgfzz2 121306 121305 2026-09-04T22:16:41Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Failure]] 121305 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-failure" | {{{1|Failure}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> i0xyxc5emmyqx10cgtytf94ajlgfzz2 10 20819 121307 62283 2024-07-11T18:44:52Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121307 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFB; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-partial" | {{{1|Partial failure}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> i19y48irxk6uegnjc6lokx8j35xh47p 121308 121307 2026-09-04T22:16:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Partial_failure]] 121307 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFB; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-partial" | {{{1|Partial failure}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> i19y48irxk6uegnjc6lokx8j35xh47p 10 20820 121309 62285 2024-07-11T18:22:29Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121309 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-planned" | {{{1|Planned}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> fzglsxwanbpkii3cew3u77wy3zcvuhy 121310 121309 2026-09-04T22:16:43Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Planned]] 121309 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-planned" | {{{1|Planned}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> fzglsxwanbpkii3cew3u77wy3zcvuhy 10 20821 121311 62287 2024-07-11T18:22:35Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121311 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-planned" | {{{1|Scheduled}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> c2ohn9s7527au0z757nroobcva6jm90 121312 121311 2026-09-04T22:16:44Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Scheduled]] 121311 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-planned" | {{{1|Scheduled}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> c2ohn9s7527au0z757nroobcva6jm90 10 20822 121313 62289 2024-07-11T18:26:49Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121313 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-success" | {{{1|Success}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 2nlnvdwnn78qiula925c8kamwyhkht6 121314 121313 2026-09-04T22:16:45Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Success]] 121313 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-success" | {{{1|Success}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 2nlnvdwnn78qiula925c8kamwyhkht6 10 20823 121315 62291 2024-09-14T18:45:31Z en>HouseBlaster 0 HouseBlaster moved page [[Template:Rh2]] to [[Template:Row header inactive]]: expand template name per [[WP:TPN]] 121315 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Row header inactive]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 31cqahg9epsvg5g0nlvbi3dkf7qhr6t 121316 121315 2026-09-04T22:16:45Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Rh2]] 121315 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Row header inactive]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 31cqahg9epsvg5g0nlvbi3dkf7qhr6t 10 20826 121317 62297 2024-07-11T18:22:56Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121317 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-active"|{{{1|Open source}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> q4j188gtfbqbh9sgghrcgjfwk3lte4h 121318 121317 2026-09-04T22:16:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Open_source]] 121317 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-active"|{{{1|Open source}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> q4j188gtfbqbh9sgghrcgjfwk3lte4h 10 20827 121319 62299 2024-07-11T18:23:04Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121319 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-proprietary"|{{{1|[[Proprietary software|Proprietary]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates|Proprietary]] </noinclude> r2c3d23gv4ux3188gcxoat1yeejtx9b 121320 121319 2026-09-04T22:16:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Proprietary]] 121319 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-proprietary"|{{{1|[[Proprietary software|Proprietary]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates|Proprietary]] </noinclude> r2c3d23gv4ux3188gcxoat1yeejtx9b 10 20828 121321 115434 2026-02-18T11:20:14Z en>CommonsDelinker 0 Replacing Dark_Red_x.svg with [[File:Dark_red_x.svg]] (by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: To make set of *x.svg files uniformly named.). 121321 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|No}}}" style="background: #FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="skin-invert table-no2" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} | {{{text|[[File:Dark red x.svg|13px|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|No}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}}</noinclude> jytsajvmx0igbkl6pemfzg7llvs73yp 121322 121321 2026-09-04T22:16:47Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Na]] 121321 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|No}}}" style="background: #FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="skin-invert table-no2" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} | {{{text|[[File:Dark red x.svg|13px|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|No}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}}</noinclude> jytsajvmx0igbkl6pemfzg7llvs73yp 10 20829 121323 62303 2026-07-30T00:36:22Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Ya]]" ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 121323 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|Yes}}}" style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-yes2 skin-invert" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} |{{{text|[[File:Check-green.svg|13px|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|Yes}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Checkmark insertion templates]] </noinclude> iiq47iizs2o56y9bid2h2vo34whc19l 121324 121323 2026-09-04T22:16:48Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Ya]] 121323 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|Yes}}}" style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-yes2 skin-invert" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} |{{{text|[[File:Check-green.svg|13px|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|Yes}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Checkmark insertion templates]] </noinclude> iiq47iizs2o56y9bid2h2vo34whc19l 10 20830 121325 62305 2024-07-11T18:45:32Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121325 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFDFFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="dropped table-dropped"|{{{1|Terminated}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> r9lhqqwchn0zxzo06fplo6opw4gr936 121326 121325 2026-09-04T22:16:49Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Terminated]] 121325 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFDFFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="dropped table-dropped"|{{{1|Terminated}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> r9lhqqwchn0zxzo06fplo6opw4gr936 10 20831 121327 62307 2024-07-11T18:47:24Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121327 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#CDE; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:{{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-draw" |{{{1|}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 0q8zwz3y7h9h3vnnr9vvqlo76xweo8o 121328 121327 2026-09-04T22:16:50Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Draw]] 121327 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#CDE; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:{{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-draw" |{{{1|}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 0q8zwz3y7h9h3vnnr9vvqlo76xweo8o 10 20832 121329 62309 2026-04-18T03:58:26Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Pending]]" ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 121329 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Pending}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> j2sv7g7hmpt1ptn0pgxn7fwi5x2vgp9 121330 121329 2026-09-04T22:16:51Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pending]] 121329 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Pending}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> j2sv7g7hmpt1ptn0pgxn7fwi5x2vgp9 10 20834 121333 62313 2025-10-11T05:36:46Z en>Oklopfer 0 slightly lighter 121333 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #F2EC9B; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial skin-invert" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} |{{{text|[[File:Brown_check.svg|13px|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|Maybe}}}]] {{{2|}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}}</noinclude> h9p3gd8e6xew5mhksstt4e9x9ujv14u 121334 121333 2026-09-04T22:16:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:MaybeCheck]] 121333 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #F2EC9B; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial skin-invert" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} |{{{text|[[File:Brown_check.svg|13px|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|Maybe}}}]] {{{2|}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}}</noinclude> h9p3gd8e6xew5mhksstt4e9x9ujv14u 10 20835 121335 62315 2024-07-11T18:19:30Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121335 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FED; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="depends table-depends"|{{{1|Depends}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> hzgsvszsalu4vd2e4sxstvr825lzzlr 121336 121335 2026-09-04T22:16:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Depends]] 121335 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FED; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="depends table-depends"|{{{1|Depends}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> hzgsvszsalu4vd2e4sxstvr825lzzlr 10 20836 121337 62317 2024-07-11T18:46:21Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121337 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}};" class="table-cast"|{{{1|Runner-up}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> 1i9lm2qgd85t3yosy63a98zgkjq3ms8 121338 121337 2026-09-04T22:16:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Runner-up]] 121337 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}};" class="table-cast"|{{{1|Runner-up}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> 1i9lm2qgd85t3yosy63a98zgkjq3ms8 10 20837 121339 62319 2024-09-14T18:46:40Z en>HouseBlaster 0 HouseBlaster moved page [[Template:Rh]] to [[Template:Row header]]: expand template name per [[WP:TPN]] 121339 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Row header]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} rldrs4lav2bldvo3ccgchr3i8mu5bjy 121340 121339 2026-09-04T22:16:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Rh]] 121339 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Row header]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} rldrs4lav2bldvo3ccgchr3i8mu5bjy 10 20838 121341 62321 2024-07-11T18:19:35Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121341 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="beta table-beta"|{{{1|[[software release life cycle#Beta{{!}}Beta]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> g9wvveurqly3d7sg3htszvjeulnlenu 121342 121341 2026-09-04T22:16:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Beta]] 121341 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="beta table-beta"|{{{1|[[software release life cycle#Beta{{!}}Beta]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> g9wvveurqly3d7sg3htszvjeulnlenu 10 20839 121343 62323 2024-07-11T18:44:59Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121343 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"| {{{1|Neutral}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> sc6e37zyagboclp5i6rjitmaoly2md0 121344 121343 2026-09-04T22:16:56Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Okay]] 121343 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"| {{{1|Neutral}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> sc6e37zyagboclp5i6rjitmaoly2md0 10 20840 121345 62325 2024-07-11T18:22:59Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode 121345 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="free table-free"|{{{1|Free}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> sdl5f9zrnmmcx95a0dsltws8dr29bny 121346 121345 2026-09-04T22:16:57Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Free]] 121345 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="free table-free"|{{{1|Free}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> sdl5f9zrnmmcx95a0dsltws8dr29bny 10 20841 121347 62327 2024-07-11T18:46:35Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121347 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Rarely}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> llrafobawz75assfpm22me1y55kimi2 121348 121347 2026-09-04T22:16:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Rarely]] 121347 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Rarely}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> llrafobawz75assfpm22me1y55kimi2 10 20842 121349 62329 2024-07-11T18:44:32Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121349 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #CEF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Usually}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 05gk3jvprvnrzs18b59acx9l7iu6nx0 121350 121349 2026-09-04T22:16:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Usually]] 121349 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #CEF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Usually}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 05gk3jvprvnrzs18b59acx9l7iu6nx0 10 20843 121351 62331 2024-07-11T18:45:28Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121351 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #8FD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Unofficial}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 8tijv0oqx5vw2pq1qv3xuebayptrva4 121352 121351 2026-09-04T22:17:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Unofficial]] 121351 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #8FD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Unofficial}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 8tijv0oqx5vw2pq1qv3xuebayptrva4 10 20844 121353 62333 2024-07-11T18:19:59Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121353 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}"|{{{1|Optional}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> m6tfwqhhxh78fuq4g5pvq93b7duc97c 121354 121353 2026-09-04T22:17:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Optional]] 121353 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}"|{{{1|Optional}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> m6tfwqhhxh78fuq4g5pvq93b7duc97c 10 20845 121355 62335 2024-12-14T08:48:23Z en>Michael X 0 121355 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-active"| {{{1|Active}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> 9e8xsw4zn24wc3w9xht15v5sigzznud 121356 121355 2026-09-04T22:17:01Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Active]] 121355 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-active"| {{{1|Active}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> 9e8xsw4zn24wc3w9xht15v5sigzznud 10 20846 121357 62337 2024-07-11T18:22:39Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121357 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="experimental table-experimental"|{{{1|Experimental}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> 1o3be6lh01971vihd2lu8k2kd0q6ch9 121358 121357 2026-09-04T22:17:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Table-experimental]] 121357 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="experimental table-experimental"|{{{1|Experimental}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> 1o3be6lh01971vihd2lu8k2kd0q6ch9 10 20847 121359 62339 2024-07-11T18:08:58Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121359 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Eliminated}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> lldorbtrrh5nzwnmu5lndcz6a5qia8x 121360 121359 2026-09-04T22:17:03Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Eliminated]] 121359 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Eliminated}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> lldorbtrrh5nzwnmu5lndcz6a5qia8x 10 20848 121207 80473 2024-07-11T18:27:04Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121207 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|<!-- Accessibility text for screen readers only --><span style="display: none">Does not appear</span>}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> dh4dc6ir4xdqewid41s92hwh3p6y9jj 121208 121207 2026-09-04T22:14:03Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:CNone]] 121207 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|<!-- Accessibility text for screen readers only --><span style="display: none">Does not appear</span>}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> dh4dc6ir4xdqewid41s92hwh3p6y9jj 10 20849 121361 62343 2024-07-11T18:22:17Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121361 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="included table-included"|{{{1|Included}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 55u0h44vsm237zf1jv89nu0vockqjr8 121362 121361 2026-09-04T22:17:04Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Included]] 121361 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="included table-included"|{{{1|Included}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 55u0h44vsm237zf1jv89nu0vockqjr8 10 20850 121363 62345 2024-07-11T18:44:45Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121363 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFB; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-partial" | {{{1|Partial success}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 14kkbdkx2fhx4rwoia0wzrntsjduc2q 121364 121363 2026-09-04T22:17:05Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Partial_success]] 121363 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFB; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-partial" | {{{1|Partial success}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 14kkbdkx2fhx4rwoia0wzrntsjduc2q 10 20851 121365 62347 2024-07-11T18:21:16Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121365 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|}}}" style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-na" <!-- -->| {{{1|Varies}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 6wn2e432s27uzyrzex7tj8zjakgaa3x 121366 121365 2026-09-04T22:17:06Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Varies]] 121365 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|}}}" style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-na" <!-- -->| {{{1|Varies}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 6wn2e432s27uzyrzex7tj8zjakgaa3x 10 20852 121367 62349 2024-07-11T18:19:43Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121367 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Yes/No}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> fmc6n7k92sad93m5xn8xahbssvs41kt 121368 121367 2026-09-04T22:17:06Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Yes-No]] 121367 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Yes/No}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> fmc6n7k92sad93m5xn8xahbssvs41kt 10 20854 121369 62353 2024-07-11T18:09:09Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121369 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: {{{valign|middle}}}; text-align: {{{halign|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Lost}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> ig1bz5ttny291efj3qg4dfnn5sde7ov 121370 121369 2026-09-04T22:17:07Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Lost]] 121369 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: {{{valign|middle}}}; text-align: {{{halign|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Lost}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> ig1bz5ttny291efj3qg4dfnn5sde7ov 10 20855 121373 62357 2024-07-11T18:26:11Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121373 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Safe}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> a8iyct0ry1j6sxpgk93hu9b6e8ttj4v 121374 121373 2026-09-04T22:17:08Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Safe]] 121373 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Safe}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> a8iyct0ry1j6sxpgk93hu9b6e8ttj4v 10 20856 121375 62359 2024-07-11T18:26:43Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121375 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFB; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Sometimes}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 8x8artyecaf3jr2uthu3odiizt8x55l 121376 121375 2026-09-04T22:17:09Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Sometimes]] 121375 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFB; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Sometimes}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 8x8artyecaf3jr2uthu3odiizt8x55l 10 20857 121377 62361 2024-07-30T13:43:39Z en>Sohom Datta 0 fix for dark mode 121377 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="{{#if:{{{color|}}}|{{Greater color contrast ratio|{{{color}}}|#ffffff|#000000|css=y}}|background:var(--background-color-interactive, #eee); color: var(--color-base, #000);}}vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" | {{{1|Not yet}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> op1gz1mirlb6id2mr3wpxdchxcg9oj2 121378 121377 2026-09-04T22:17:10Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Not_yet]] 121377 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="{{#if:{{{color|}}}|{{Greater color contrast ratio|{{{color}}}|#ffffff|#000000|css=y}}|background:var(--background-color-interactive, #eee); color: var(--color-base, #000);}}vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" | {{{1|Not yet}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> op1gz1mirlb6id2mr3wpxdchxcg9oj2 10 20858 121379 62363 2024-07-11T18:19:24Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121379 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FED; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="dropped table-dropped"|{{{1|Dropped}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> bv3axitz5mg7lmv8e5kdjya75p5dgtr 121380 121379 2026-09-04T22:17:11Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Dropped]] 121379 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FED; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="dropped table-dropped"|{{{1|Dropped}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> bv3axitz5mg7lmv8e5kdjya75p5dgtr 10 20859 121381 106795 2024-07-11T18:27:15Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121381 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #CEF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-success" | {{{1|Operational}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> n8tr5yhoh78cljly1qe165xy2gswjsj 121382 121381 2026-09-04T22:17:12Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Operational]] 121381 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #CEF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-success" | {{{1|Operational}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> n8tr5yhoh78cljly1qe165xy2gswjsj 10 20860 121383 62367 2024-07-11T18:48:32Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121383 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|[[File:Green check.svg|13px|link=|]] {{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> s5vruk1gxgltm8mw7j104coti19uuvt 121384 121383 2026-09-04T22:17:13Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Yes_C]] 121383 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|[[File:Green check.svg|13px|link=|]] {{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> s5vruk1gxgltm8mw7j104coti19uuvt 10 20861 121385 62369 2025-05-17T18:41:39Z en>Redrose64 0 don't emit data-sort-value= attrib unless |sort= param is non-blank; see [[Template talk:Table cell templates#Remove data-sort-value]] 121385 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|data-sort-value="{{{sort}}}"}} style="background: #000; color: #CCC; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-na"|{{{1|N/A}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> cgj66r8d897j86kr29xslrmj5dwjir0 121386 121385 2026-09-04T22:17:14Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:BLACK]] 121385 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|data-sort-value="{{{sort}}}"}} style="background: #000; color: #CCC; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-na"|{{{1|N/A}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> cgj66r8d897j86kr29xslrmj5dwjir0 10 20862 121387 62371 2024-10-29T18:00:26Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:D-A]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121387 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-absent]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} gt7qwupkyrgv05nlgljwxgcquw4jpv9 121388 121387 2026-09-04T22:17:14Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-A]] 121387 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-absent]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} gt7qwupkyrgv05nlgljwxgcquw4jpv9 10 20863 121389 62373 2024-07-11T18:45:16Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121389 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Nonpartisan}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- categories --> </noinclude> i9xyxxivepu65g03nwzyqes6714khcf 121390 121389 2026-09-04T22:17:15Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Nonpartisan]] 121389 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Nonpartisan}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- categories --> </noinclude> i9xyxxivepu65g03nwzyqes6714khcf 10 20864 121391 62375 2024-07-11T18:46:49Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121391 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|[[Ensemble cast|Also starring]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> 1jup4v0lo9jjcv7a7mh3f8m99esu5wc 121392 121391 2026-09-04T22:17:16Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:CAlso_starring]] 121391 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|[[Ensemble cast|Also starring]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> 1jup4v0lo9jjcv7a7mh3f8m99esu5wc 10 20866 121393 62379 2024-06-14T04:04:58Z en>Avelludo 0 Pass `align` and `style` parameters down the chain 121393 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{n/a| 1={{{1|Unreleased}}} | align={{{align|center}}} | style={{{style|}}} }}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 43n3y6rwa7yrdc1e8wwu9vcg6b72n2u 121394 121393 2026-09-04T22:17:16Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Unreleased]] 121393 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{n/a| 1={{{1|Unreleased}}} | align={{{align|center}}} | style={{{style|}}} }}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 43n3y6rwa7yrdc1e8wwu9vcg6b72n2u 10 20867 121395 62381 2024-07-11T18:53:29Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121395 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background-color: #FFF; color:black; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|<!-- Accessibility text for screen readers only --><span style="display: none">Does not appear</span>}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> p1lsqc3kkxjhuy1hz7fcx5g4ijl90wm 121396 121395 2026-09-04T22:17:17Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:COther]] 121395 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background-color: #FFF; color:black; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|<!-- Accessibility text for screen readers only --><span style="display: none">Does not appear</span>}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> p1lsqc3kkxjhuy1hz7fcx5g4ijl90wm 10 20868 121397 62383 2025-05-19T18:31:06Z en>Redrose64 0 pass |align= through 121397 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}} | {{n/a|Non-album single{{efn{{#ifeq:{{YesNo|{{{uppercase|}}}}}|yes|-ua}}|{{{1}}}}}|align={{#if:{{{align|}}}|{{{align}}}|center}} }} | {{n/a|Non-album single|align={{#if:{{{align|}}}|{{{align}}}|center}} }} }}</includeonly> <noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 46fd0jxznkm34hnrl6gi2ce2hfooohz 121398 121397 2026-09-04T22:17:18Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Non-album_single]] 121397 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}} | {{n/a|Non-album single{{efn{{#ifeq:{{YesNo|{{{uppercase|}}}}}|yes|-ua}}|{{{1}}}}}|align={{#if:{{{align|}}}|{{{align}}}|center}} }} | {{n/a|Non-album single|align={{#if:{{{align|}}}|{{{align}}}|center}} }} }}</includeonly> <noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 46fd0jxznkm34hnrl6gi2ce2hfooohz 10 20869 121399 62385 2025-10-13T20:04:33Z en>Gamapamani 0 nowrap differs from standard cell template behavior, needlessly forces horz stretching with customized text, and can be easily added with |style if really needed 121399 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-noAttempt" | {{{1|No&nbsp;attempt}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 2lma83qledpyjq4jb20px7ev3hi0oxe 121400 121399 2026-09-04T22:17:18Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:No_attempt]] 121399 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-noAttempt" | {{{1|No&nbsp;attempt}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 2lma83qledpyjq4jb20px7ev3hi0oxe 10 20870 121401 62387 2024-07-11T18:25:48Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121401 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background-color: #CDE; color:black; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> k21mbtf1jdw86e1nqe3hjb9vs1s5v7k 121402 121401 2026-09-04T22:17:19Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Nocontest]] 121401 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background-color: #CDE; color:black; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> k21mbtf1jdw86e1nqe3hjb9vs1s5v7k 10 20871 121403 62389 2024-07-11T18:23:12Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121403 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FCE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="nonfree table-nonfree"|{{{1|Non-free}}}<noinclude> |} {{confuse|Template:Non-free}} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> cmp3sbh3bqiraiv1u3aa1yoxs5d34dg 121404 121403 2026-09-04T22:17:20Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Nonfree]] 121403 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FCE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="nonfree table-nonfree"|{{{1|Non-free}}}<noinclude> |} {{confuse|Template:Non-free}} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> cmp3sbh3bqiraiv1u3aa1yoxs5d34dg 10 20872 121405 62391 2024-07-11T18:22:21Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121405 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="noresult"|{{{1|No result}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> fx250bi3935oxoygjh6kx6kj1zxuyxb 121406 121405 2026-09-04T22:17:21Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:No_result]] 121405 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="noresult"|{{{1|No result}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> fx250bi3935oxoygjh6kx6kj1zxuyxb 10 20873 121407 62393 2024-07-11T18:27:09Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121407 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #BFE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Unofficial}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 3jpla1mx4340fipl9kj80lbz5ocdylq 121408 121407 2026-09-04T22:17:22Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Unofficial2]] 121407 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #BFE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="partial table-partial"|{{{1|Unofficial}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} <!-- interwikis & categories --> </noinclude> 3jpla1mx4340fipl9kj80lbz5ocdylq 10 20874 121409 62395 2024-07-11T18:44:37Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121409 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="automatic table-automatic"| {{{1|Perhaps}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> n9rjr4rqe2hi2paih8l71tzd1rm139o 121410 121409 2026-09-04T22:17:23Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Perhaps]] 121409 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="automatic table-automatic"| {{{1|Perhaps}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> n9rjr4rqe2hi2paih8l71tzd1rm139o 10 20875 121411 62397 2024-07-11T18:46:04Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121411 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no2"|{{{1|Longlisted}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> kkx6o445lrf62yssjcg8taxnenom66k 121412 121411 2026-09-04T22:17:24Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Longlisted]] 121411 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no2"|{{{1|Longlisted}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> kkx6o445lrf62yssjcg8taxnenom66k 10 20876 121413 62399 2024-07-11T18:25:58Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121413 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-siteactive"|{{{1|Coming soon}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Coming soon/doc}} </noinclude> aydu40sugtm4bghsbgoka6lw8l5vy4q 121414 121413 2026-09-04T22:17:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Coming_soon]] 121413 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-siteactive"|{{{1|Coming soon}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Coming soon/doc}} </noinclude> aydu40sugtm4bghsbgoka6lw8l5vy4q 10 20877 121415 62401 2024-07-11T18:27:27Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121415 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFCCFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|Quit}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> dlzsxfhiw8jqxmd3s2kq7f35oy2fhkr 121416 121415 2026-09-04T22:17:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Quit]] 121415 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFCCFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|Quit}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> dlzsxfhiw8jqxmd3s2kq7f35oy2fhkr 10 20878 121417 115436 2026-02-18T11:13:25Z en>CommonsDelinker 0 Replacing Dark_Red_x.svg with [[File:Dark_red_x.svg]] (by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: To make set of *x.svg files uniformly named.). 121417 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|[[File:Dark red x.svg|13px|link=|]] {{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> krjf9q13j1dapc1082lnb0sotp2m3ft 121418 121417 2026-09-04T22:17:26Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:No_X]] 121417 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|[[File:Dark red x.svg|13px|link=|]] {{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> krjf9q13j1dapc1082lnb0sotp2m3ft 10 20879 121419 106797 2024-07-11T18:50:08Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121419 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|[[File:Symbol confirmed.svg|18px|link=|]] {{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> h136qoyzwzkxo5s9mpiji7psakpupgd 121420 121419 2026-09-04T22:17:27Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Yes_O]] 121419 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|[[File:Symbol confirmed.svg|18px|link=|]] {{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> h136qoyzwzkxo5s9mpiji7psakpupgd 10 20880 121421 62407 2024-05-21T16:44:15Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:D-I]] to [[Template:Debate-invited]]: expand to match name/purpose 121421 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-invited]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} cyy03rk9hkmye6pbrnxppfoydl5aqyk 121422 121421 2026-09-04T22:17:27Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-I]] 121421 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-invited]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} cyy03rk9hkmye6pbrnxppfoydl5aqyk 10 20881 121423 62409 2024-07-11T18:46:43Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121423 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="any table-any"|{{{1|Any}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 30x7uwhzph9302w92jeeq3ztb38yedv 121424 121423 2026-09-04T22:17:28Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Any]] 121423 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="any table-any"|{{{1|Any}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 30x7uwhzph9302w92jeeq3ztb38yedv 10 20882 121425 62411 2024-07-11T18:45:50Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121425 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-siteactive"|{{{1|Active}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> ib1gjb3jo36mrb8s8kemyi6ipjrrh2c 121426 121425 2026-09-04T22:17:29Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Site_active]] 121425 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="active table-siteactive"|{{{1|Active}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> ib1gjb3jo36mrb8s8kemyi6ipjrrh2c 10 20883 121427 62413 2024-07-11T18:26:04Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121427 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="inactive table-siteinactive"|{{{1|Inactive}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 2h1mjm22kz9giga0mwt7t8nn4l9bbf7 121428 121427 2026-09-04T22:17:30Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Site_inactive]] 121427 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="inactive table-siteinactive"|{{{1|Inactive}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 2h1mjm22kz9giga0mwt7t8nn4l9bbf7 10 20884 121429 62415 2024-07-11T18:19:52Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121429 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="incorrect"|{{{1|Incorrect}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 8o7tsbslhsnoaam375u2cfuin21panp 121430 121429 2026-09-04T22:17:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Incorrect]] 121429 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="incorrect"|{{{1|Incorrect}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 8o7tsbslhsnoaam375u2cfuin21panp 10 20885 121431 62417 2024-07-11T18:46:31Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121431 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-partial"|{{{1|Regional}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> iyn1f0a7kin0c9ql81bajtz2nw65ujn 121432 121431 2026-09-04T22:17:32Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Regional]] 121431 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-partial"|{{{1|Regional}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> iyn1f0a7kin0c9ql81bajtz2nw65ujn 10 20886 121433 62419 2024-05-21T16:44:11Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:D-Out]] to [[Template:Debate-out]]: expand to match name/purpose 121433 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-out]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 4fntmpxaqaj9tmr6liusqa8rr12yqq4 121434 121433 2026-09-04T22:17:32Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-Out]] 121433 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-out]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 4fntmpxaqaj9tmr6liusqa8rr12yqq4 10 20887 121435 62421 2024-07-11T18:46:55Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121435 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}};" class="table-cast"|{{{1|{{{place|Finalist}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> 26x0f3i84pvvzchzbmpbglxt7c5fz52 121436 121435 2026-09-04T22:17:33Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:CFinalist]] 121435 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}};" class="table-cast"|{{{1|{{{place|Finalist}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> 26x0f3i84pvvzchzbmpbglxt7c5fz52 10 20888 121437 62423 2024-07-11T18:27:19Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121437 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE9; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|removed}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> pj0jpvb7lp4ubfowgblwzav7iif0vrm 121438 121437 2026-09-04T22:17:34Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:CRemoved]] 121437 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE9; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|removed}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] [[Category:Big Brother (franchise) templates]] </noinclude> pj0jpvb7lp4ubfowgblwzav7iif0vrm 10 20889 121439 62425 2024-07-11T18:23:17Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121439 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FED; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="need table-needs"|{{{1|Needs}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> 23dexlx9uhtu2m8xiscxuy7rml56shk 121440 121439 2026-09-04T22:17:35Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Needs]] 121439 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FED; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="need table-needs"|{{{1|Needs}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> 23dexlx9uhtu2m8xiscxuy7rml56shk 10 20891 121441 62429 2024-07-11T18:53:55Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121441 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="nightly table-nightly"|{{{1|[[Neutral build|Nightly build]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> pzspp64yrnq22nflvlsabyoax4euso0 121442 121441 2026-09-04T22:17:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Nightly]] 121441 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="nightly table-nightly"|{{{1|[[Neutral build|Nightly build]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> pzspp64yrnq22nflvlsabyoax4euso0 10 20892 121443 106801 2024-07-11T18:26:54Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121443 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="no table-no"|Active {{nowrap|({{{1|}}})}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}}</noinclude> ljqn0v9n801x22x3shsrncfkizx9avk 121444 121443 2026-09-04T22:17:37Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Active_fire]] 121443 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="no table-no"|Active {{nowrap|({{{1|}}})}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation}}</noinclude> ljqn0v9n801x22x3shsrncfkizx9avk 10 20894 121445 62435 2024-05-21T16:44:14Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:D-N]] to [[Template:Debate-not invited]]: expand to match name/purpose 121445 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-not invited]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 8jkw9ra2huijt7gacl80fuobmjhkrv1 121446 121445 2026-09-04T22:17:37Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-N]] 121445 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-not invited]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 8jkw9ra2huijt7gacl80fuobmjhkrv1 10 20895 121447 62437 2024-05-21T16:44:38Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:D-Nv]] to [[Template:Debate-not voting]]: expand to match name/purpose 121447 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-not voting]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} n3ni5zj0pdblaqwn8qwnu6i6wwuw241 121448 121447 2026-09-04T22:17:37Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-Nv]] 121447 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-not voting]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} n3ni5zj0pdblaqwn8qwnu6i6wwuw241 10 20896 121449 62439 2024-05-21T16:44:14Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:D-O]] to [[Template:Debate-other]]: expand to match name/purpose 121449 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-other]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} czq47ufs7otjlsc7d1cfeh24pvrdb1b 121450 121449 2026-09-04T22:17:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-O]] 121449 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-other]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} czq47ufs7otjlsc7d1cfeh24pvrdb1b 10 20897 121451 62441 2026-01-04T18:00:24Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:D-P]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121451 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-present]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} ry8py6b513eehzrlc4m1v076h2mhpiw 121452 121451 2026-09-04T22:17:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-P]] 121451 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-present]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} ry8py6b513eehzrlc4m1v076h2mhpiw 10 20898 121453 62443 2024-05-21T16:44:22Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:D-W]] to [[Template:Debate-withdrawn]]: expand to match name/purpose 121453 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-withdrawn]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 4aa51il7jzic2fll5sozgatu8tt4ap0 121454 121453 2026-09-04T22:17:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:D-W]] 121453 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Debate-withdrawn]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 4aa51il7jzic2fll5sozgatu8tt4ap0 10 20899 121455 62445 2024-07-11T18:28:07Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121455 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #CF8; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|exempt}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> 8y2u6k0mxl3rxm3edbd8kdmzupm9xoi 121456 121455 2026-09-04T22:17:38Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Exempt]] 121455 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #CF8; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}" class="table-cast"|{{{1|exempt}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Television table cell templates]] </noinclude> 8y2u6k0mxl3rxm3edbd8kdmzupm9xoi 10 20900 121457 62447 2024-12-22T18:00:40Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Nan]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 253 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121457 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Na neutral]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} e6xefubuiqg0gjdcvbsm508ex3mgjn8 121458 121457 2026-09-04T22:17:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Nan]] 121457 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Na neutral]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} e6xefubuiqg0gjdcvbsm508ex3mgjn8 10 20901 121459 62449 2024-07-11T18:27:46Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121459 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|[[Image:Pictogram voting delete.svg|18px|link=|]] {{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> rmynrjcjk12ml5o2ch9zi3kdm2qd4ah 121461 121459 2026-09-04T22:17:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:No_O]] 121459 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|[[Image:Pictogram voting delete.svg|18px|link=|]] {{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |}{{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> rmynrjcjk12ml5o2ch9zi3kdm2qd4ah 10 20902 121462 62451 2024-07-11T18:28:27Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121462 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|{{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> o7ly9fmk6rlpa8eo6jf9wor9r708lao 121465 121462 2026-09-04T22:17:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:No_Y]] 121462 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#9EFF9E; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-no"|{{{1|No}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> o7ly9fmk6rlpa8eo6jf9wor9r708lao 10 20903 121466 62453 2024-07-11T18:22:48Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121466 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #BFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-release-candidate"|{{{1|[[Software release life cycle#Release candidate|Release candidate]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> bd5jvrg640z07mfi5yt2fafox24r0ma 121471 121466 2026-09-04T22:17:41Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Release-candidate]] 121466 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #BFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-release-candidate"|{{{1|[[Software release life cycle#Release candidate|Release candidate]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Software table cell templates]] </noinclude> bd5jvrg640z07mfi5yt2fafox24r0ma 10 20904 121472 62455 2024-09-30T03:04:10Z en>Sdrqaz 0 Removed protection from "[[Template:Table cell templates]]": [[WP:UNPROTPOL|No longer necessary]]: Not used in actual templates, only used in documentations. See [[Special:Permalink/1248543009#Talk:Jason Momoa protection|discussion with protecting administrator]] 62454 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| |</noinclude>{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: {{{bg|<nowiki>{{/bgcolor}}</nowiki>}}}; color: {{{color|black}}}; vertical-align: {{{valign|middle}}}; text-align: <nowiki>{{{align|</nowiki>{{{align|center}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="{{{class|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}} table-{{{class|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}"| <nowiki>{{{1|</nowiki>{{{text}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki><noinclude> |} {{Documentation}} <!-- ADD CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE --> [[Category:Table cell templates]] </noinclude> nv215pztm0qc4dk6weavbxdqm3920mz 121476 121472 2026-09-04T22:17:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Table_cell_templates]] 62454 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| |</noinclude>{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: {{{bg|<nowiki>{{/bgcolor}}</nowiki>}}}; color: {{{color|black}}}; vertical-align: {{{valign|middle}}}; text-align: <nowiki>{{{align|</nowiki>{{{align|center}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="{{{class|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}} table-{{{class|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}"| <nowiki>{{{1|</nowiki>{{{text}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki><noinclude> |} {{Documentation}} <!-- ADD CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE --> [[Category:Table cell templates]] </noinclude> nv215pztm0qc4dk6weavbxdqm3920mz 10 20905 121477 106803 2026-09-01T10:59:21Z en>~2026-42129-64 0 clarifying you should not expect advice specifically for whatever template you're watching 121477 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Documentation subpage}}</noinclude>{{#switch: {{FULLPAGENAME}} | Template:BLACK = {{For|the text color template|Template:Black}} | Template:Ya = {{For|the template with a smaller tick and no green background|Template:Aye}} | Template:Maybe = {{For|the yellow tick template|Template:Mby}} | Template:To be announced = {{distinguish|Template:TBD}} | Template:Pending = {{For|the comment templates with small icons|Template:Tobedone|Template:Bug pending|Template:PendingRequest}} | Template:Correct = {{distinguish|Template:Correct title}} }}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:High-use|num|x|demo={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}|many||{{High-use|demo={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}} :''This documentation page covers several similar templates, such as {{tl|yes}}, {{tl|good}}, {{tl|won}} and many others.'' The templates in this series, including {{tlxb|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}, are designed to be used in a [[Help:Table|table]] to make a cell with text in that cell, with an appropriately colored background. They are commonly used in [[:Category:Comparisons|comparison tables]]. Most of these templates should not be used simply to produce a background color: use them according to their meaning. For example, {{Tl|yes}} makes a cell with a green background. The text in the cell is taken from the first [[Help:Template#Parameters|parameter]]; <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{yes|Sure}}</syntaxhighlight> would give "Sure" otherwise it defaults to "Yes". Most templates allow editors to override the default text using {{para|1}} or equivalent, some require text to be placed after the template call, and others may need a vertical bar ({{char|{{!}}}}) separating the two: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{table cell template}} text</syntaxhighlight> or <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{table cell template}} | text</syntaxhighlight>. This information, the colors, and default texts are found in the table below. {{Warnsign|Important:}} If you want to use other attributes for the table cells that do not appear in {{slink|#Code}} below, ''e.g.'' <code>colspan</code>, <code>rowspan</code>, or <code>style</code>, they need to be put before the template call, and there must be '''no vertical bar''' ({{char|{{!}}}}) in-between them, for example: {| class=wikitable align=right style="margin-left:0.6em; margin-top:5px;" !{{Yes}} ||{{No}} ||rowspan=2 {{n/a}} |- |colspan=2 style="border:solid 3px Maroon" {{Yes-No}} |} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:75%;">... !{{Yes}} ||{{No}} ||rowspan=2 {{n/a}} |- |colspan=2 style="border:solid 3px Maroon" {{Yes-No}} ... </syntaxhighlight> ==Templates== <div style="overflow:100%;"> {{sticky header}} {| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" style="width:100%; text-align:left;" |+ Table cell templates ! scope="col" rowspan=2 class=unsortable | Class<ref>The HTML class of table cell templates may be referenced in a [[m:help:User style|user stylesheet]] to change appearance.</ref> ! scope="colgroup" colspan=2 class=unsortable | Default ! scope="colgroup" colspan=2 class=unsortable | Customized |- ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Syntax ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Preview ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Syntax ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Preview |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-rh}} | {{tlx|rh}} {{tt|{{!}} Row header}}<ref name="table-cell-templates-table-after+pipe"/> || {{rh}} | Row header || {{tlx|rh|2=align=right}} {{mono|{{!}} Row header}} || {{rh|align=right}} | Row header |- | {{tlx|rh2}} {{tt|{{!}} Row header}}<ref name="table-cell-templates-table-after+pipe">Does not take a parameter; the content should be placed after the template call, separated by a pipe (|) character.</ref> || {{rh2}} | Row header || {{tlx|rh2|2=align=center}} {{mono|{{!}} Row header}} || {{rh2|align=center}} | Row header |- |rowspan=4| {{tt|table-yes}} | {{tlx|yes}} || {{yes}} || {{tlx|yes|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{yes|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|yes C}} || {{yes C}} || {{tlx|yes C|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{yes C|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|yes O}} || {{yes O}} || {{tlx|yes O|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{yes O|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|yes N}} || {{yes N}} || {{tlx|yes N|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{yes N|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tt|table-maybe}} | {{tlx|maybe}} || {{maybe}} || {{tlx|maybe|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{maybe|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- |rowspan=9| {{tt|table-no}} | {{tlx|no}} || {{no}} || {{tlx|no|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{no|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|no O}} || {{no O}} || {{tlx|no O|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{no O|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|no X}} || {{no X}} || {{tlx|no X|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{no X|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|eliminated}} || {{eliminated}} || {{tlx|eliminated|dropped out}} || {{eliminated|dropped out}} |- | {{tlx|lost}} || {{lost}} || {{tlx|lost|missing}} || {{lost|missing}} |- | {{tlx|active fire}}<ref>This template is related to {{WikiProject link|Wildfire}}.</ref> || {{active fire}} ||{{tlx|active fire|12%}}||{{active fire|12%}} |- | {{tlx|member inactive}} || {{member inactive}} || {{tlx|member inactive}} (Last active 2017) || {{member inactive}} (Last active 2017) |- | {{tlx|safe}} || {{safe}} || {{tlx|safe|protected}} || {{safe|protected}} |- | {{tlx|no Y}} || {{no Y}} || {{tlx|no Y|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{no Y|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tt|table-active}} | {{tlx|active}} || {{active}} || {{tlx|active|live}} || {{active|live}} |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-siteactive}} | {{tlx|site active}} || {{site active}} || {{tlx|site active|up}} || {{site active|up}} |- | {{tlx|coming soon}} || {{coming soon}} || {{tlx|coming soon|second half of the year}} || {{coming soon|second half of the year}} |- | {{tt|table-siteinactive}} | {{tlx|site inactive}} || {{site inactive}} || {{tlx|site inactive|down}} || {{site inactive|down}} |- | rowspan=2 |{{tt|table-success}} | {{tlx|success}} || {{success}} || {{tlx|success|mission complete}} || {{success|mission complete}} |- | {{tlx|operational}} || {{operational}} || {{tlx|operational|returning data}} || {{operational|returning data}} |- | {{tt|table-failure}} | {{tlx|failure}} || {{failure}} || {{tlx|failure|wrong orbit}} || {{failure|wrong orbit}} |- |rowspan=12| {{tt|table-yes2}} | {{tlx|yes2}} || {{yes2}} || {{tlx|yes2|text}} || {{yes2|text}} |- | {{tlx|good}} || {{good}} || {{tlx|good|A}} || {{good|A}} |- | {{tlx|ya}} || {{ya}} || {{tlx|ya|text{{=}}ya}} || {{ya|text=ya}} |- | {{tlx|ya|Ya}} || {{ya|Ya}} || {{tlx|ya|text|link{{=}}WP:ALT}} || {{ya|text|link=WP:ALT}} |- | {{tlx|yan}} || {{yan}} || {{tlx|yan|text{{=}}ya}} || {{yan|text=ya}} |- | {{tlx|won}} || {{won}} || {{tlx|won|text{{=}}white|color{{=}}darkblue|winner}} || {{won|text=white|color=darkblue|winner}} |- | {{tlx|won|place{{=}}1}} || {{won|place=1}} || {{tlx|won|place{{=}}gold}} || {{won|place=gold}} |- | {{tlx|won|place{{=}}2}} || {{won|place=2}} || {{tlx|won|place{{=}}silver}} || {{won|place=silver}} |- | {{tlx|won|place{{=}}3}} || {{won|place=3}} || {{tlx|won|place{{=}}bronze}} || {{won|place=bronze}} |- | {{tlx|WinDL}} || {{WinDL}} || {{tlx|WinDL|win}} || {{WinDL|win}} |- | {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}D}} || {{WinDL|res=D}} || {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}draw}} || {{WinDL|res=draw}} |- | {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}L}} || {{WinDL|res=L}} || {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}loss}} || {{WinDL|res=loss}} |- |rowspan=9| {{tt|table-no2}} | {{tlx|no2}} || {{no2}} || {{tlx|no2|text}} || {{no2|text}} |- | {{tlx|na}} || {{na}} || {{tlx|na|text{{=}}na}} || {{na|text=na}} |- | {{tlx|na|Na}} || {{na|Na}} || {{tlx|na|text|link{{=}}WP:ALT}} || {{na|text|link=WP:ALT}} |- | {{tlx|nan}} || {{nan}} || {{tlx|nan|text{{=}}na}} || {{nan|text=na}} |- | {{tlx|nom}} || {{nom}} || {{tlx|nom|5}} || {{nom|5}} |- | {{tlx|notnom}} || {{notnom}} || | {{tlx|notnom|not selected}} || {{notnom|not selected}} |- | {{tlx|shortlisted}} || {{shortlisted}} || {{tlx|shortlisted|proposed}} || {{shortlisted|proposed}} |- | {{tlx|longlisted}} || {{longlisted}} || {{tlx|longlisted|rejected}} || {{longlisted|rejected}} |- | {{tlx|TBA}} || {{TBA}} || {{tlx|TBA|to be announced}} || {{TBA|to be announced}} |- | rowspan=16| {{tt|table-partial}} | {{tlx|partial}} || {{partial}} || {{tlx|partial|almost done}} ||{{partial|almost done}} |- | {{tlx|Regional}} || {{Regional}} || {{tlx|Regional|Uyghur}} || {{Regional|Uyghur}} |- | {{tlx|MaybeCheck}} || {{MaybeCheck}} || {{tlx|MaybeCheck|text{{=}}possibly}} || {{MaybeCheck|text=possibly}} |- | {{tlx|MaybeCheck|possibly}} || {{MaybeCheck|possibly}} || {{tlx|MaybeCheck|text|link{{=}}WP:ALT}} || {{MaybeCheck|text|link=WP:ALT}} |- | {{tlx|partial success}} || {{partial success}} || {{tlx|partial success|<br>reached orbit and returned pictures}} || {{partial success|reached orbit and returned pictures}} |- | {{tlx|partial failure}} || {{partial failure}} || {{tlx|partial failure|<nowiki>[[</nowiki>Cubesat]] not deployed}} || {{partial failure|[[Cubesat]] not deployed}} |- | {{tlx|okay}} || {{okay}} || {{tlx|okay|C}} || {{okay|C}} |- | {{tlx|Yes-No}} || {{Yes-No}} || {{tlx|Yes-No|yes with an if; no with a but}} || {{Yes-No|yes with an if; no with a but}} |- | {{tlx|some}} || {{some}} || {{tlx|some|many}} || {{some|many}} |- | {{tlx|pending}} || {{pending}} || {{tlx|pending|awaiting}} || {{pending|awaiting}} |- | {{tlx|sometimes}} || {{sometimes}} || {{tlx|sometimes|occasionally}} || {{sometimes|occasionally}} |- | {{tlx|rarely}} || {{rarely}} || {{tlx|rarely|seldom}}|| {{rarely|seldom}} |- | {{tlx|usually}} || {{usually}} || {{tlx|usually|commonly}} || {{usually|commonly}} |- | {{tlx|unofficial}} || {{unofficial}} || {{tlx|unofficial|<nowiki>''de facto''</nowiki>}} || {{unofficial|''de facto''}} |- | {{tlx|unofficial2}} || {{unofficial2}} || {{tlx|unofficial2|<nowiki>''de facto''</nowiki>}} || {{unofficial2|''de facto''}} |- | {{tlx|nonpartisan}} || {{nonpartisan}} || {{tlx|nonpartisan|impartial}} || {{nonpartisan|impartial}} |- | {{tt|table-any}} | {{tlx|any}} || {{any}} || {{tlx|any|anyone}}|| {{any|anyone}} |- | {{tt|table-automatic}} | {{tlx|perhaps}} || {{perhaps}} || {{tlx|perhaps|maybe}} || {{perhaps|maybe}} |- | {{tt|table-draw}} | {{tlx|draw}} || {{draw}} || {{tlx|draw|1:1}} || {{draw|1:1}} |- | {{tt|table-noAttempt}} | {{tlx|No attempt}} || {{No attempt}} || {{tlx|No attempt|No landing attempted}} || {{No attempt|No landing attempted}} |- |rowspan=7| {{tt|table-na}} | {{tlx|n/a}} || {{n/a}} || {{tlx|n/a|unavailable}}|| {{n/a|unavailable}} |- | {{tlx|varies}} || {{varies}} || {{tlx|varies|differs}}|| {{varies|differs}} |- | {{tlx|non-album single}}<ref>This template is related to {{WikiProject link|Songs}}.</ref> || {{non-album single}} || {{tlx|non-album single|EP}} || {{non-album single|EP}} |- | {{tlx|unreleased}} || {{unreleased}} || {{tlx|unreleased|shelved}} || {{unreleased|shelved}} |- | {{tlx|BLACK}} || {{BLACK}} || {{tlx|BLACK|banned}} || {{BLACK|banned}} |- | {{tlx|sdash}} || {{sdash}} || {{tlx|sdash}}|| {{sdash}} |- | {{tlx|vacant}} || {{vacant}} || {{tlx|vacant|missing}} || {{vacant|missing}} |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-unknown}} | {{tlx|unknown}} || {{Unknown}} || {{tlx|unknown|?}} || {{unknown|?}} |- | {{tlx|dunno}} || {{Dunno}} || {{tlx|dunno|not sure}} || {{dunno|not sure}} |- | {{tt|table-included}} | {{tlx|included}} || {{included}} || {{tlx|included|incorporated}} || {{included|incorporated}} |- | {{tt|noresult}} | {{tlx|no result}} || {{no result}} || {{tlx|no result|NR}} || {{no result|NR}} |- | {{tt|table-planned}} | {{tlx|planned}} || {{planned}} || {{tlx|planned|July 2028}} || {{planned|July 2028}} |- | {{tt|table-scheduled}} | {{tlx|scheduled}} || {{scheduled}} || {{tlx|scheduled|3 March 2027}} || {{scheduled|3 March 2027}} |- |rowspan=9| {{tt|table-software}}<ref>This group of templates is related to {{WikiProject link|Software}}.</ref> | {{tlx|beta}} || {{beta}} || {{tlx|beta|preview}} || {{beta|preview}} |- | {{tlx|table-experimental}} || {{table-experimental}} || {{tlx|table-experimental|lab}} || {{table-experimental|lab}} |- | {{tlx|nightly}} || {{nightly}} || {{tlx|nightly|dev}} || {{nightly|dev}} |- | {{tlx|release-candidate}} || {{release-candidate}} || {{tlx|release-candidate|RC}} || {{release-candidate|RC}} |- | {{tlx|open source}} || {{open source}} || {{tlx|open source|software libre}} || {{open source|software libre}} |- | {{tlx|free}} || {{free}} || {{tlx|free|empty}} || {{free|empty}} |- | {{tlx|proprietary}} || {{proprietary}} || {{tlx|proprietary|custom extension}} || {{proprietary|custom extension}} |- | {{tlx|nonfree}} || {{nonfree}} || {{tlx|nonfree|paid}} || {{nonfree|paid}} |- | {{tlx|needs}} || {{needs}} || {{tlx|needs|req.}} || {{needs|req.}} |- | {{tt|table-depends}} | {{tlx|depends}} || {{depends}} || {{tlx|depends|vendor-defined}} || {{depends|vendor-defined}} |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-dropped}} | {{tlx|dropped}} || {{dropped}} || {{tlx|dropped|discontinued}} || {{dropped|discontinued}} |- | {{tlx|terminated}} || {{terminated}} || {{tlx|terminated|fired}} || {{terminated|fired}} |- | {{tt|correct}} | {{tlx|correct}} || {{correct}} || {{tlx|correct|royt}} || {{correct|royt}} |- | {{tt|incorrect}} | {{tlx|incorrect}} || {{incorrect}} || {{tlx|incorrect|wrong}} || {{incorrect|wrong}} |- | rowspan=8 | {{tt|table-debate}} | {{tlx|D-P}} || {{D-P}} || {{tlx|D-P|present}} || {{D-P|present}} |- | {{tlx|D-A}} || {{D-A}} || {{tlx|D-A|absent}} || {{D-A|absent}} |- | {{tlx|D-I}} || {{D-I}} || {{tlx|D-I|invited}} || {{D-I|invited}} |- | {{tlx|D-O}} || {{D-O}} || {{tlx|D-O|other debate}} || {{D-O|other debate}} |- | {{tlx|D-N}} || {{D-N}} || {{tlx|D-N|not invited}} || {{D-N|not invited}} |- | {{tlx|D-Nv}} || {{D-Nv}} || {{tlx|D-Nv|not voting}} || {{D-Nv|not voting}} |- | {{tlx|D-W}} || {{D-W}} || {{tlx|D-W|withdrawn}} || {{D-W|withdrawn}} |- | {{tlx|D-Out}} || {{D-Out}} || {{tlx|D-Out|out of race}} || {{D-Out|out of race}} |- |rowspan=14| {{tt|table-cast}}<ref>This group of templates is related to {{WikiProject link|Television}}.</ref> | {{tlx|CMain}} || {{CMain}} || {{tlx|CMain|text}} || {{CMain|text}} |- | {{tlx|CAlso starring}} || {{CAlso starring}} || {{tlx|CAlso starring|costar}} || {{CAlso starring|costar}} |- | {{tlx|CRecurring}} || {{CRecurring}} || {{tlx|CRecurring|regular guest}} || {{CRecurring|regular guest}} |- | {{tlx|CGuest}} || {{CGuest}} || {{tlx|CGuest|victim}} || {{CGuest|victim}} |- | {{tlx|COther}} || {{COther}} || {{tlx|COther|ensemble}} || {{COther|ensemble}} |- | {{tlx|CNone}} || {{CNone}} || {{tlx|CNone|cast}} || {{CNone|cast}} |- | {{tlx|CRemoved}} || {{CRemoved}} || {{tlx|CRemoved|edited}} || {{CRemoved|edited}} |- | {{tlx|CFinalist}} || {{CFinalist}} || {{tlx|CFinalist|contender}} || {{CFinalist|contender}} |- | {{tlx|CFinalist|place{{=}}3rd Place}} || {{CFinalist|place=3rd Place}} || {{tlx|CFinalist|place{{=}}third place}} || {{CFinalist|place=third place}} |- | {{tlx|exempt}} || {{exempt}} || {{tlx|exempt|exe}} || {{exempt|exe}} |- | {{tlx|Black Exempt}} || {{Black Exempt}} || {{tlx|Black Exempt|lack}} || {{Black Exempt|lack}} |- | {{tlx|nocontest}} || {{nocontest}} || {{tlx|nocontest|rescheduled}} || {{nocontest|rescheduled}} |- | {{tlx|Runner-up}} || {{Runner-up}} || {{tlx|Runner-up|2nd Place}} || {{Runner-up|2nd Place}} |- | {{tlx|Quit}} || {{Quit}} || {{tlx|Quit|left}} || {{Quit|left}} |- |rowspan=7| {{tt|table-IUCN}}<ref>This group of templates is related to {{WikiProject link|Tree of Life}}.</ref> | {{tlx|IUCN-EX}} || {{IUCN-EX}} || {{tlx|IUCN-EX|Extinct}} || {{IUCN-EX|Extinct}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-CR}} || {{IUCN-CR}} || {{tlx|IUCN-CR|Critically Endangered}} || {{IUCN-CR|Critically Endangered}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-EN}} || {{IUCN-EN}} || {{tlx|IUCN-EN|Endangered}} || {{IUCN-EN|Endangered}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-VU}} || {{IUCN-VU}} || {{tlx|IUCN-VU|Vulnerable}} || {{IUCN-VU|Vulnerable}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-NT}} || {{IUCN-NT}} || {{tlx|IUCN-NT|Near-Threatened}} || {{IUCN-NT|Near-Threatened}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-LC}} || {{IUCN-LC}} || {{tlx|IUCN-LC|Least Concern}} || {{IUCN-LC|Least Concern}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-DD}} || {{IUCN-DD}} || {{tlx|IUCN-DD|Data Deficient}} || {{IUCN-DD|Data Deficient}} |- |rowspan=9| ''no class'' | {{tlx|not yet}} || {{not yet}} || {{tlx|not yet|<nowiki>NY with [[link text]]</nowiki>}} || {{not yet|NY with [[link text]]}} |- | {{tlx|optional}} || {{optional}} || {{tlx|optional|non-mandatory}} || {{optional|non-mandatory}} |- | {{tlx|shade|100}}% || {{shade|100}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|100}}% || {{shade|color=blue|100}}% |- | {{tlx|shade|75}}% || {{shade|75}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|75|73–78}}% || {{shade|color=blue|75|73–78}}% |- | {{tlx|shade|25}}% || {{shade|25}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|25|<nowiki>{{val|25|2|u=%}}</nowiki>}} || {{shade|color=blue|25|{{val|25|2|u=%}}}} |- | {{tlx|shade|0}}% || {{shade|0}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|0}}% || {{shade|color=blue|0}}% |- | {{tlx|CellCategory|1}} || {{CellCategory|1}} || {{tlx|CellCategory|1|Group A}} || {{CellCategory|1|Group A}} |- | {{tlx|CellCategory|2}} || {{CellCategory|2}} || {{tlx|CellCategory|2|Group B|align{{=}}tc}} || {{CellCategory|2|Group B|align=tc}} |- | {{tlx|CellCategory|3}} || {{CellCategory|3}} || {{tlx|CellCategory|3|Group C|align{{=}}tr}} || {{CellCategory|3|Group C|align=tr}} |}</div> {{notelist}} {{Reflist}} ==Code== Common code to most if not all the templates in this series: :<code>{{Table cell templates|class=''automatic''|text=''text''|bg=#''abcdef''}}</code> <includeonly>Code specific to this template: :<code>{{ {{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc={{#titleparts:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|-1}}|#default={{FULLPAGENAME}}}} }}</code>{{#if:{{{doc|}}}|<!-- force newline after nowiki tags --><nowiki></nowiki> {{{doc}}}|<!-- no newline if there is no additional documentation -->}}</includeonly> ==Creating new templates== To make a new table cell template you can use: :<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{subst:Table cell templates|text= default text |bg= background color |class= a class name without prefix |align= standard horizontal alignment}}</syntaxhighlight> You should leave out the <code>align</code> parameter and often the <code>class</code> parameter is unnecessary, too. Add the new template to the table in the [[Template:Table cell templates/doc|common documentation]] afterwards. Please consider reusing one of the other templates and please choose the color sensibly. If you find a table cell template that does not take a parameter and you want to be able to change the text in the cell, ''do not'' duplicate the template! Instead, edit the template and change the text to a default parameter substitution. For example, if a template's text is <code>Dropped</code>, change that to <code><nowiki>{{{1|Dropped}}}</nowiki></code>. :<syntaxhighlight lang=text inline>style="background: #abcdef; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="automatic table-automatic"| {{{1|text}}}</syntaxhighlight> ==Choosing a color== When changing or creating a new template, follow the [[HELP:COLOR|use of colour guidelines]] and the [[MOS:COLOR|color accessibility guidelines]] when choosing the background color and, sometimes, the text color. Many of these templates can be used with links to other articles or references, so the links should be clearly identifiable against the background color. You can check contrast level using the [https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/ WebAIM contrast checker] by setting the foreground color to the [[WP:LINKCOLOR|blue link]] color. Contrast should be at the minimum WCAG AA level and, whenever possible, at WCAG AAA level. [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Colors]] has a set of colors that comply with WCAG AAA and WCAG AA for unvisited links and normal text. ==Color subpage== All templates should either have a <code>/bgcolor</code> subpage that contains nothing but a valid CSS color code, possibly wrapped in ''nowiki'' tags, e.g. <code><nowiki>#BFD</nowiki></code>, which can be included with <code><nowiki>background: {{/bgcolor}};</nowiki></code> in the <code>style</code> attribute, or they should reference another template's subpage, e.g. <code><nowiki>background: {{Template:Yes2/bgcolor}};</nowiki></code>. Alternatively, the <code>/bgcolor</code> subpage may redirect to another color code subpage: <code><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[yes2/bgcolor]]</nowiki></code>. This way, pages that are using these templates may also use {{tl|legend}} and similar templates which can reference the actual color: <code><nowiki>{{legend|{{yes2/bgcolor}}|supported}}</nowiki></code> ==TemplateData== {{TemplateData header|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}} {{{templatedata|<templatedata> { "description": "One of several templates for styling individual table cells with standard contents and colors.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "text", "description": "text to be displayed instead of the default; if this doesn't work put the text after the template, possibly with a vertical bar | in between", "type": "content", "default": "(template dependent)", "required": false, "suggested": false }, "align": { "label": "horizontal align", "description": "text alignment inside the cell, either 'left', 'right', 'center' or 'justified'", "default": "center", "inherits": "1", "type": "string", "suggested": false, "suggestedvalues": [ "left", "center", "right", "justified" ] }, "style": { "label": "style", "description": "a semicolon-separated list of additional CSS rules to be applied to the table cell", "inherits": "1", "type": "string", "suggested": false }, "color": { "label": "background color", "description": "a valid CSS color value or name to override the standard cell background, only available with some templates", "inherits": "1", "type": "line", "suggested": false } } } </templatedata>}}} ==See also== * {{tl|Change}} – calculates, displays and color-codes changes between two values * {{tl|Cell color}} – shaded cell based on value in a range with automatic text visibility * {{tl|BSD-lic}} – specialized redirect for {{tlf|free}} * {{tl|GPL-lic}} – specialized redirect for {{tlf|free}} * {{tl|LGPL-lic}} – specialized redirect for {{tlf|free}} * {{tl|Active}} / {{tl|No result}} / {{tl|Eliminated}} for {{C|Comparisons|comparison tables}} ==Notes== {{Reflist}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other||{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc=|#default= <!-- ADD CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE --> [[Category:Unified table cell templates]] }}}}</includeonly> max6k0v4wz3ezk73uezg3vsavgrvhdk 121478 121477 2026-09-04T22:17:43Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Table_cell_templates/doc]] 121477 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Documentation subpage}}</noinclude>{{#switch: {{FULLPAGENAME}} | Template:BLACK = {{For|the text color template|Template:Black}} | Template:Ya = {{For|the template with a smaller tick and no green background|Template:Aye}} | Template:Maybe = {{For|the yellow tick template|Template:Mby}} | Template:To be announced = {{distinguish|Template:TBD}} | Template:Pending = {{For|the comment templates with small icons|Template:Tobedone|Template:Bug pending|Template:PendingRequest}} | Template:Correct = {{distinguish|Template:Correct title}} }}<!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:High-use|num|x|demo={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}|many||{{High-use|demo={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}} :''This documentation page covers several similar templates, such as {{tl|yes}}, {{tl|good}}, {{tl|won}} and many others.'' The templates in this series, including {{tlxb|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}, are designed to be used in a [[Help:Table|table]] to make a cell with text in that cell, with an appropriately colored background. They are commonly used in [[:Category:Comparisons|comparison tables]]. Most of these templates should not be used simply to produce a background color: use them according to their meaning. For example, {{Tl|yes}} makes a cell with a green background. The text in the cell is taken from the first [[Help:Template#Parameters|parameter]]; <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{yes|Sure}}</syntaxhighlight> would give "Sure" otherwise it defaults to "Yes". Most templates allow editors to override the default text using {{para|1}} or equivalent, some require text to be placed after the template call, and others may need a vertical bar ({{char|{{!}}}}) separating the two: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{table cell template}} text</syntaxhighlight> or <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{table cell template}} | text</syntaxhighlight>. This information, the colors, and default texts are found in the table below. {{Warnsign|Important:}} If you want to use other attributes for the table cells that do not appear in {{slink|#Code}} below, ''e.g.'' <code>colspan</code>, <code>rowspan</code>, or <code>style</code>, they need to be put before the template call, and there must be '''no vertical bar''' ({{char|{{!}}}}) in-between them, for example: {| class=wikitable align=right style="margin-left:0.6em; margin-top:5px;" !{{Yes}} ||{{No}} ||rowspan=2 {{n/a}} |- |colspan=2 style="border:solid 3px Maroon" {{Yes-No}} |} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="width:75%;">... !{{Yes}} ||{{No}} ||rowspan=2 {{n/a}} |- |colspan=2 style="border:solid 3px Maroon" {{Yes-No}} ... </syntaxhighlight> ==Templates== <div style="overflow:100%;"> {{sticky header}} {| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" style="width:100%; text-align:left;" |+ Table cell templates ! scope="col" rowspan=2 class=unsortable | Class<ref>The HTML class of table cell templates may be referenced in a [[m:help:User style|user stylesheet]] to change appearance.</ref> ! scope="colgroup" colspan=2 class=unsortable | Default ! scope="colgroup" colspan=2 class=unsortable | Customized |- ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Syntax ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Preview ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Syntax ! scope="col" class=unsortable | Preview |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-rh}} | {{tlx|rh}} {{tt|{{!}} Row header}}<ref name="table-cell-templates-table-after+pipe"/> || {{rh}} | Row header || {{tlx|rh|2=align=right}} {{mono|{{!}} Row header}} || {{rh|align=right}} | Row header |- | {{tlx|rh2}} {{tt|{{!}} Row header}}<ref name="table-cell-templates-table-after+pipe">Does not take a parameter; the content should be placed after the template call, separated by a pipe (|) character.</ref> || {{rh2}} | Row header || {{tlx|rh2|2=align=center}} {{mono|{{!}} Row header}} || {{rh2|align=center}} | Row header |- |rowspan=4| {{tt|table-yes}} | {{tlx|yes}} || {{yes}} || {{tlx|yes|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{yes|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|yes C}} || {{yes C}} || {{tlx|yes C|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{yes C|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|yes O}} || {{yes O}} || {{tlx|yes O|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{yes O|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|yes N}} || {{yes N}} || {{tlx|yes N|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{yes N|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tt|table-maybe}} | {{tlx|maybe}} || {{maybe}} || {{tlx|maybe|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{maybe|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- |rowspan=9| {{tt|table-no}} | {{tlx|no}} || {{no}} || {{tlx|no|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{no|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|no O}} || {{no O}} || {{tlx|no O|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{no O|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|no X}} || {{no X}} || {{tlx|no X|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} || {{no X|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tlx|eliminated}} || {{eliminated}} || {{tlx|eliminated|dropped out}} || {{eliminated|dropped out}} |- | {{tlx|lost}} || {{lost}} || {{tlx|lost|missing}} || {{lost|missing}} |- | {{tlx|active fire}}<ref>This template is related to {{WikiProject link|Wildfire}}.</ref> || {{active fire}} ||{{tlx|active fire|12%}}||{{active fire|12%}} |- | {{tlx|member inactive}} || {{member inactive}} || {{tlx|member inactive}} (Last active 2017) || {{member inactive}} (Last active 2017) |- | {{tlx|safe}} || {{safe}} || {{tlx|safe|protected}} || {{safe|protected}} |- | {{tlx|no Y}} || {{no Y}} || {{tlx|no Y|<nowiki>customized [[plain text|text]]</nowiki>}} ||{{no Y|customized [[plain text|text]]}} |- | {{tt|table-active}} | {{tlx|active}} || {{active}} || {{tlx|active|live}} || {{active|live}} |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-siteactive}} | {{tlx|site active}} || {{site active}} || {{tlx|site active|up}} || {{site active|up}} |- | {{tlx|coming soon}} || {{coming soon}} || {{tlx|coming soon|second half of the year}} || {{coming soon|second half of the year}} |- | {{tt|table-siteinactive}} | {{tlx|site inactive}} || {{site inactive}} || {{tlx|site inactive|down}} || {{site inactive|down}} |- | rowspan=2 |{{tt|table-success}} | {{tlx|success}} || {{success}} || {{tlx|success|mission complete}} || {{success|mission complete}} |- | {{tlx|operational}} || {{operational}} || {{tlx|operational|returning data}} || {{operational|returning data}} |- | {{tt|table-failure}} | {{tlx|failure}} || {{failure}} || {{tlx|failure|wrong orbit}} || {{failure|wrong orbit}} |- |rowspan=12| {{tt|table-yes2}} | {{tlx|yes2}} || {{yes2}} || {{tlx|yes2|text}} || {{yes2|text}} |- | {{tlx|good}} || {{good}} || {{tlx|good|A}} || {{good|A}} |- | {{tlx|ya}} || {{ya}} || {{tlx|ya|text{{=}}ya}} || {{ya|text=ya}} |- | {{tlx|ya|Ya}} || {{ya|Ya}} || {{tlx|ya|text|link{{=}}WP:ALT}} || {{ya|text|link=WP:ALT}} |- | {{tlx|yan}} || {{yan}} || {{tlx|yan|text{{=}}ya}} || {{yan|text=ya}} |- | {{tlx|won}} || {{won}} || {{tlx|won|text{{=}}white|color{{=}}darkblue|winner}} || {{won|text=white|color=darkblue|winner}} |- | {{tlx|won|place{{=}}1}} || {{won|place=1}} || {{tlx|won|place{{=}}gold}} || {{won|place=gold}} |- | {{tlx|won|place{{=}}2}} || {{won|place=2}} || {{tlx|won|place{{=}}silver}} || {{won|place=silver}} |- | {{tlx|won|place{{=}}3}} || {{won|place=3}} || {{tlx|won|place{{=}}bronze}} || {{won|place=bronze}} |- | {{tlx|WinDL}} || {{WinDL}} || {{tlx|WinDL|win}} || {{WinDL|win}} |- | {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}D}} || {{WinDL|res=D}} || {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}draw}} || {{WinDL|res=draw}} |- | {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}L}} || {{WinDL|res=L}} || {{tlx|WinDL|res{{=}}loss}} || {{WinDL|res=loss}} |- |rowspan=9| {{tt|table-no2}} | {{tlx|no2}} || {{no2}} || {{tlx|no2|text}} || {{no2|text}} |- | {{tlx|na}} || {{na}} || {{tlx|na|text{{=}}na}} || {{na|text=na}} |- | {{tlx|na|Na}} || {{na|Na}} || {{tlx|na|text|link{{=}}WP:ALT}} || {{na|text|link=WP:ALT}} |- | {{tlx|nan}} || {{nan}} || {{tlx|nan|text{{=}}na}} || {{nan|text=na}} |- | {{tlx|nom}} || {{nom}} || {{tlx|nom|5}} || {{nom|5}} |- | {{tlx|notnom}} || {{notnom}} || | {{tlx|notnom|not selected}} || {{notnom|not selected}} |- | {{tlx|shortlisted}} || {{shortlisted}} || {{tlx|shortlisted|proposed}} || {{shortlisted|proposed}} |- | {{tlx|longlisted}} || {{longlisted}} || {{tlx|longlisted|rejected}} || {{longlisted|rejected}} |- | {{tlx|TBA}} || {{TBA}} || {{tlx|TBA|to be announced}} || {{TBA|to be announced}} |- | rowspan=16| {{tt|table-partial}} | {{tlx|partial}} || {{partial}} || {{tlx|partial|almost done}} ||{{partial|almost done}} |- | {{tlx|Regional}} || {{Regional}} || {{tlx|Regional|Uyghur}} || {{Regional|Uyghur}} |- | {{tlx|MaybeCheck}} || {{MaybeCheck}} || {{tlx|MaybeCheck|text{{=}}possibly}} || {{MaybeCheck|text=possibly}} |- | {{tlx|MaybeCheck|possibly}} || {{MaybeCheck|possibly}} || {{tlx|MaybeCheck|text|link{{=}}WP:ALT}} || {{MaybeCheck|text|link=WP:ALT}} |- | {{tlx|partial success}} || {{partial success}} || {{tlx|partial success|<br>reached orbit and returned pictures}} || {{partial success|reached orbit and returned pictures}} |- | {{tlx|partial failure}} || {{partial failure}} || {{tlx|partial failure|<nowiki>[[</nowiki>Cubesat]] not deployed}} || {{partial failure|[[Cubesat]] not deployed}} |- | {{tlx|okay}} || {{okay}} || {{tlx|okay|C}} || {{okay|C}} |- | {{tlx|Yes-No}} || {{Yes-No}} || {{tlx|Yes-No|yes with an if; no with a but}} || {{Yes-No|yes with an if; no with a but}} |- | {{tlx|some}} || {{some}} || {{tlx|some|many}} || {{some|many}} |- | {{tlx|pending}} || {{pending}} || {{tlx|pending|awaiting}} || {{pending|awaiting}} |- | {{tlx|sometimes}} || {{sometimes}} || {{tlx|sometimes|occasionally}} || {{sometimes|occasionally}} |- | {{tlx|rarely}} || {{rarely}} || {{tlx|rarely|seldom}}|| {{rarely|seldom}} |- | {{tlx|usually}} || {{usually}} || {{tlx|usually|commonly}} || {{usually|commonly}} |- | {{tlx|unofficial}} || {{unofficial}} || {{tlx|unofficial|<nowiki>''de facto''</nowiki>}} || {{unofficial|''de facto''}} |- | {{tlx|unofficial2}} || {{unofficial2}} || {{tlx|unofficial2|<nowiki>''de facto''</nowiki>}} || {{unofficial2|''de facto''}} |- | {{tlx|nonpartisan}} || {{nonpartisan}} || {{tlx|nonpartisan|impartial}} || {{nonpartisan|impartial}} |- | {{tt|table-any}} | {{tlx|any}} || {{any}} || {{tlx|any|anyone}}|| {{any|anyone}} |- | {{tt|table-automatic}} | {{tlx|perhaps}} || {{perhaps}} || {{tlx|perhaps|maybe}} || {{perhaps|maybe}} |- | {{tt|table-draw}} | {{tlx|draw}} || {{draw}} || {{tlx|draw|1:1}} || {{draw|1:1}} |- | {{tt|table-noAttempt}} | {{tlx|No attempt}} || {{No attempt}} || {{tlx|No attempt|No landing attempted}} || {{No attempt|No landing attempted}} |- |rowspan=7| {{tt|table-na}} | {{tlx|n/a}} || {{n/a}} || {{tlx|n/a|unavailable}}|| {{n/a|unavailable}} |- | {{tlx|varies}} || {{varies}} || {{tlx|varies|differs}}|| {{varies|differs}} |- | {{tlx|non-album single}}<ref>This template is related to {{WikiProject link|Songs}}.</ref> || {{non-album single}} || {{tlx|non-album single|EP}} || {{non-album single|EP}} |- | {{tlx|unreleased}} || {{unreleased}} || {{tlx|unreleased|shelved}} || {{unreleased|shelved}} |- | {{tlx|BLACK}} || {{BLACK}} || {{tlx|BLACK|banned}} || {{BLACK|banned}} |- | {{tlx|sdash}} || {{sdash}} || {{tlx|sdash}}|| {{sdash}} |- | {{tlx|vacant}} || {{vacant}} || {{tlx|vacant|missing}} || {{vacant|missing}} |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-unknown}} | {{tlx|unknown}} || {{Unknown}} || {{tlx|unknown|?}} || {{unknown|?}} |- | {{tlx|dunno}} || {{Dunno}} || {{tlx|dunno|not sure}} || {{dunno|not sure}} |- | {{tt|table-included}} | {{tlx|included}} || {{included}} || {{tlx|included|incorporated}} || {{included|incorporated}} |- | {{tt|noresult}} | {{tlx|no result}} || {{no result}} || {{tlx|no result|NR}} || {{no result|NR}} |- | {{tt|table-planned}} | {{tlx|planned}} || {{planned}} || {{tlx|planned|July 2028}} || {{planned|July 2028}} |- | {{tt|table-scheduled}} | {{tlx|scheduled}} || {{scheduled}} || {{tlx|scheduled|3 March 2027}} || {{scheduled|3 March 2027}} |- |rowspan=9| {{tt|table-software}}<ref>This group of templates is related to {{WikiProject link|Software}}.</ref> | {{tlx|beta}} || {{beta}} || {{tlx|beta|preview}} || {{beta|preview}} |- | {{tlx|table-experimental}} || {{table-experimental}} || {{tlx|table-experimental|lab}} || {{table-experimental|lab}} |- | {{tlx|nightly}} || {{nightly}} || {{tlx|nightly|dev}} || {{nightly|dev}} |- | {{tlx|release-candidate}} || {{release-candidate}} || {{tlx|release-candidate|RC}} || {{release-candidate|RC}} |- | {{tlx|open source}} || {{open source}} || {{tlx|open source|software libre}} || {{open source|software libre}} |- | {{tlx|free}} || {{free}} || {{tlx|free|empty}} || {{free|empty}} |- | {{tlx|proprietary}} || {{proprietary}} || {{tlx|proprietary|custom extension}} || {{proprietary|custom extension}} |- | {{tlx|nonfree}} || {{nonfree}} || {{tlx|nonfree|paid}} || {{nonfree|paid}} |- | {{tlx|needs}} || {{needs}} || {{tlx|needs|req.}} || {{needs|req.}} |- | {{tt|table-depends}} | {{tlx|depends}} || {{depends}} || {{tlx|depends|vendor-defined}} || {{depends|vendor-defined}} |- |rowspan=2| {{tt|table-dropped}} | {{tlx|dropped}} || {{dropped}} || {{tlx|dropped|discontinued}} || {{dropped|discontinued}} |- | {{tlx|terminated}} || {{terminated}} || {{tlx|terminated|fired}} || {{terminated|fired}} |- | {{tt|correct}} | {{tlx|correct}} || {{correct}} || {{tlx|correct|royt}} || {{correct|royt}} |- | {{tt|incorrect}} | {{tlx|incorrect}} || {{incorrect}} || {{tlx|incorrect|wrong}} || {{incorrect|wrong}} |- | rowspan=8 | {{tt|table-debate}} | {{tlx|D-P}} || {{D-P}} || {{tlx|D-P|present}} || {{D-P|present}} |- | {{tlx|D-A}} || {{D-A}} || {{tlx|D-A|absent}} || {{D-A|absent}} |- | {{tlx|D-I}} || {{D-I}} || {{tlx|D-I|invited}} || {{D-I|invited}} |- | {{tlx|D-O}} || {{D-O}} || {{tlx|D-O|other debate}} || {{D-O|other debate}} |- | {{tlx|D-N}} || {{D-N}} || {{tlx|D-N|not invited}} || {{D-N|not invited}} |- | {{tlx|D-Nv}} || {{D-Nv}} || {{tlx|D-Nv|not voting}} || {{D-Nv|not voting}} |- | {{tlx|D-W}} || {{D-W}} || {{tlx|D-W|withdrawn}} || {{D-W|withdrawn}} |- | {{tlx|D-Out}} || {{D-Out}} || {{tlx|D-Out|out of race}} || {{D-Out|out of race}} |- |rowspan=14| {{tt|table-cast}}<ref>This group of templates is related to {{WikiProject link|Television}}.</ref> | {{tlx|CMain}} || {{CMain}} || {{tlx|CMain|text}} || {{CMain|text}} |- | {{tlx|CAlso starring}} || {{CAlso starring}} || {{tlx|CAlso starring|costar}} || {{CAlso starring|costar}} |- | {{tlx|CRecurring}} || {{CRecurring}} || {{tlx|CRecurring|regular guest}} || {{CRecurring|regular guest}} |- | {{tlx|CGuest}} || {{CGuest}} || {{tlx|CGuest|victim}} || {{CGuest|victim}} |- | {{tlx|COther}} || {{COther}} || {{tlx|COther|ensemble}} || {{COther|ensemble}} |- | {{tlx|CNone}} || {{CNone}} || {{tlx|CNone|cast}} || {{CNone|cast}} |- | {{tlx|CRemoved}} || {{CRemoved}} || {{tlx|CRemoved|edited}} || {{CRemoved|edited}} |- | {{tlx|CFinalist}} || {{CFinalist}} || {{tlx|CFinalist|contender}} || {{CFinalist|contender}} |- | {{tlx|CFinalist|place{{=}}3rd Place}} || {{CFinalist|place=3rd Place}} || {{tlx|CFinalist|place{{=}}third place}} || {{CFinalist|place=third place}} |- | {{tlx|exempt}} || {{exempt}} || {{tlx|exempt|exe}} || {{exempt|exe}} |- | {{tlx|Black Exempt}} || {{Black Exempt}} || {{tlx|Black Exempt|lack}} || {{Black Exempt|lack}} |- | {{tlx|nocontest}} || {{nocontest}} || {{tlx|nocontest|rescheduled}} || {{nocontest|rescheduled}} |- | {{tlx|Runner-up}} || {{Runner-up}} || {{tlx|Runner-up|2nd Place}} || {{Runner-up|2nd Place}} |- | {{tlx|Quit}} || {{Quit}} || {{tlx|Quit|left}} || {{Quit|left}} |- |rowspan=7| {{tt|table-IUCN}}<ref>This group of templates is related to {{WikiProject link|Tree of Life}}.</ref> | {{tlx|IUCN-EX}} || {{IUCN-EX}} || {{tlx|IUCN-EX|Extinct}} || {{IUCN-EX|Extinct}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-CR}} || {{IUCN-CR}} || {{tlx|IUCN-CR|Critically Endangered}} || {{IUCN-CR|Critically Endangered}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-EN}} || {{IUCN-EN}} || {{tlx|IUCN-EN|Endangered}} || {{IUCN-EN|Endangered}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-VU}} || {{IUCN-VU}} || {{tlx|IUCN-VU|Vulnerable}} || {{IUCN-VU|Vulnerable}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-NT}} || {{IUCN-NT}} || {{tlx|IUCN-NT|Near-Threatened}} || {{IUCN-NT|Near-Threatened}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-LC}} || {{IUCN-LC}} || {{tlx|IUCN-LC|Least Concern}} || {{IUCN-LC|Least Concern}} |- | {{tlx|IUCN-DD}} || {{IUCN-DD}} || {{tlx|IUCN-DD|Data Deficient}} || {{IUCN-DD|Data Deficient}} |- |rowspan=9| ''no class'' | {{tlx|not yet}} || {{not yet}} || {{tlx|not yet|<nowiki>NY with [[link text]]</nowiki>}} || {{not yet|NY with [[link text]]}} |- | {{tlx|optional}} || {{optional}} || {{tlx|optional|non-mandatory}} || {{optional|non-mandatory}} |- | {{tlx|shade|100}}% || {{shade|100}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|100}}% || {{shade|color=blue|100}}% |- | {{tlx|shade|75}}% || {{shade|75}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|75|73–78}}% || {{shade|color=blue|75|73–78}}% |- | {{tlx|shade|25}}% || {{shade|25}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|25|<nowiki>{{val|25|2|u=%}}</nowiki>}} || {{shade|color=blue|25|{{val|25|2|u=%}}}} |- | {{tlx|shade|0}}% || {{shade|0}}% || {{tlx|shade|color{{=}}blue|0}}% || {{shade|color=blue|0}}% |- | {{tlx|CellCategory|1}} || {{CellCategory|1}} || {{tlx|CellCategory|1|Group A}} || {{CellCategory|1|Group A}} |- | {{tlx|CellCategory|2}} || {{CellCategory|2}} || {{tlx|CellCategory|2|Group B|align{{=}}tc}} || {{CellCategory|2|Group B|align=tc}} |- | {{tlx|CellCategory|3}} || {{CellCategory|3}} || {{tlx|CellCategory|3|Group C|align{{=}}tr}} || {{CellCategory|3|Group C|align=tr}} |}</div> {{notelist}} {{Reflist}} ==Code== Common code to most if not all the templates in this series: :<code>{{Table cell templates|class=''automatic''|text=''text''|bg=#''abcdef''}}</code> <includeonly>Code specific to this template: :<code>{{ {{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc={{#titleparts:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|-1}}|#default={{FULLPAGENAME}}}} }}</code>{{#if:{{{doc|}}}|<!-- force newline after nowiki tags --><nowiki></nowiki> {{{doc}}}|<!-- no newline if there is no additional documentation -->}}</includeonly> ==Creating new templates== To make a new table cell template you can use: :<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline=yes>{{subst:Table cell templates|text= default text |bg= background color |class= a class name without prefix |align= standard horizontal alignment}}</syntaxhighlight> You should leave out the <code>align</code> parameter and often the <code>class</code> parameter is unnecessary, too. Add the new template to the table in the [[Template:Table cell templates/doc|common documentation]] afterwards. Please consider reusing one of the other templates and please choose the color sensibly. If you find a table cell template that does not take a parameter and you want to be able to change the text in the cell, ''do not'' duplicate the template! Instead, edit the template and change the text to a default parameter substitution. For example, if a template's text is <code>Dropped</code>, change that to <code><nowiki>{{{1|Dropped}}}</nowiki></code>. :<syntaxhighlight lang=text inline>style="background: #abcdef; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="automatic table-automatic"| {{{1|text}}}</syntaxhighlight> ==Choosing a color== When changing or creating a new template, follow the [[HELP:COLOR|use of colour guidelines]] and the [[MOS:COLOR|color accessibility guidelines]] when choosing the background color and, sometimes, the text color. Many of these templates can be used with links to other articles or references, so the links should be clearly identifiable against the background color. You can check contrast level using the [https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/ WebAIM contrast checker] by setting the foreground color to the [[WP:LINKCOLOR|blue link]] color. Contrast should be at the minimum WCAG AA level and, whenever possible, at WCAG AAA level. [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Colors]] has a set of colors that comply with WCAG AAA and WCAG AA for unvisited links and normal text. ==Color subpage== All templates should either have a <code>/bgcolor</code> subpage that contains nothing but a valid CSS color code, possibly wrapped in ''nowiki'' tags, e.g. <code><nowiki>#BFD</nowiki></code>, which can be included with <code><nowiki>background: {{/bgcolor}};</nowiki></code> in the <code>style</code> attribute, or they should reference another template's subpage, e.g. <code><nowiki>background: {{Template:Yes2/bgcolor}};</nowiki></code>. Alternatively, the <code>/bgcolor</code> subpage may redirect to another color code subpage: <code><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[yes2/bgcolor]]</nowiki></code>. This way, pages that are using these templates may also use {{tl|legend}} and similar templates which can reference the actual color: <code><nowiki>{{legend|{{yes2/bgcolor}}|supported}}</nowiki></code> ==TemplateData== {{TemplateData header|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}} {{{templatedata|<templatedata> { "description": "One of several templates for styling individual table cells with standard contents and colors.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "text", "description": "text to be displayed instead of the default; if this doesn't work put the text after the template, possibly with a vertical bar | in between", "type": "content", "default": "(template dependent)", "required": false, "suggested": false }, "align": { "label": "horizontal align", "description": "text alignment inside the cell, either 'left', 'right', 'center' or 'justified'", "default": "center", "inherits": "1", "type": "string", "suggested": false, "suggestedvalues": [ "left", "center", "right", "justified" ] }, "style": { "label": "style", "description": "a semicolon-separated list of additional CSS rules to be applied to the table cell", "inherits": "1", "type": "string", "suggested": false }, "color": { "label": "background color", "description": "a valid CSS color value or name to override the standard cell background, only available with some templates", "inherits": "1", "type": "line", "suggested": false } } } </templatedata>}}} ==See also== * {{tl|Change}} – calculates, displays and color-codes changes between two values * {{tl|Cell color}} – shaded cell based on value in a range with automatic text visibility * {{tl|BSD-lic}} – specialized redirect for {{tlf|free}} * {{tl|GPL-lic}} – specialized redirect for {{tlf|free}} * {{tl|LGPL-lic}} – specialized redirect for {{tlf|free}} * {{tl|Active}} / {{tl|No result}} / {{tl|Eliminated}} for {{C|Comparisons|comparison tables}} ==Notes== {{Reflist}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other||{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc=|#default= <!-- ADD CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE --> [[Category:Unified table cell templates]] }}}}</includeonly> max6k0v4wz3ezk73uezg3vsavgrvhdk 10 20906 121479 62459 2024-09-07T19:55:08Z en>Matrix 0 121479 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|}}}" style="{{{style|vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; background-color:var(--background-color-base); color: inherit}}}" class="{{{class|table-na}}}" | ''{{{1|Vac&shy;ant}}}''<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> ctbpz61hu0zkhv2n4p42khxffve1e88 121480 121479 2026-09-04T22:17:44Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Vacant]] 121479 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|}}}" style="{{{style|vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; background-color:var(--background-color-base); color: inherit}}}" class="{{{class|table-na}}}" | ''{{{1|Vac&shy;ant}}}''<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> ctbpz61hu0zkhv2n4p42khxffve1e88 10 20907 121481 62461 2024-03-07T20:37:26Z en>DB1729 0 Category:WikiProject link templates 121481 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{{1}}}|WikiProject {{{1}}}]]<noinclude> {{template shortcut|proj}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "WikiProject name", "description": "The name of the WikiProject you want to link to.", "type": "string", "required": true } }, "description": "Creates a link to a WikiProject page." } </templatedata> {{documentation |content= {{no documentation}} [[Category:WikiProject link templates]] }} </noinclude> jukgeuyc9c7w6ggd82rbllt6l808w5q 121482 121481 2026-09-04T22:17:45Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:WikiProject_link]] 121481 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{{1}}}|WikiProject {{{1}}}]]<noinclude> {{template shortcut|proj}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "WikiProject name", "description": "The name of the WikiProject you want to link to.", "type": "string", "required": true } }, "description": "Creates a link to a WikiProject page." } </templatedata> {{documentation |content= {{no documentation}} [[Category:WikiProject link templates]] }} </noinclude> jukgeuyc9c7w6ggd82rbllt6l808w5q 10 20908 121483 62463 2024-11-13T20:40:09Z en>HTGS 0 Big oops (add missing pipe) 121483 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: <nowiki>#</nowiki>{{ #switch: {{lc:{{{res|{{{1|WinDL}}}}}}}} |windl|win|w = CFC |draw|d|D = FFC |loss|l|L = FFE3E3 |#default = CFC }}; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="yes table-yes2"|{{{text|{{{res|{{{1|W}}}}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> egoobv6fum0y70erekkjm4f4647w6ks 121484 121483 2026-09-04T22:17:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:WinDL]] 121483 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: <nowiki>#</nowiki>{{ #switch: {{lc:{{{res|{{{1|WinDL}}}}}}}} |windl|win|w = CFC |draw|d|D = FFC |loss|l|L = FFE3E3 |#default = CFC }}; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="yes table-yes2"|{{{text|{{{res|{{{1|W}}}}}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> egoobv6fum0y70erekkjm4f4647w6ks 10 20909 121485 62465 2024-12-06T18:00:16Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Yan]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121485 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Ya neutral]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} pufnjp8j1ape2ztm9c7xiehte3xmnh7 121486 121485 2026-09-04T22:17:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Yan]] 121485 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Ya neutral]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} pufnjp8j1ape2ztm9c7xiehte3xmnh7 10 20910 121487 62467 2024-07-11T18:49:59Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121487 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|{{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 73ucxdg5paa6ubh5hntenaq5g48wtd3 121488 121487 2026-09-04T22:17:47Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Yes_N]] 121487 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:{{{align|center}}};{{{style|}}}" class="table-yes"|{{{1|Yes}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 73ucxdg5paa6ubh5hntenaq5g48wtd3 0 22648 121624 119302 2026-09-05T02:47:17Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|1|0 */ 121624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Revision}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Roman Empire | common_name = Roman Empire | native_name = {{unbulleted list |item3_style=font-size:80%;padding-top:0.15em;line-height:1.15em | {{native phrase|la|[[SPQR|Senatus Populusque Romanus]]}} | {{native phrase|la|Imperium Romanum{{Efn|Other ways of referring to the "Roman Empire" among the Romans and Greeks themselves included ''{{lang|la|Res publica Romana}}'' or ''{{lang|la|Imperium Romanorum}}'' (also in Greek: {{lang|grc|Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων}} – {{grc-tr|Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων}} – ["Dominion ('kingdom' but interpreted as 'empire') of the Romans"] and ''Romania''. ''{{lang|la|Res publica}}'' means Roman "commonwealth"<!--?: Usually,--> and can refer to both the Republican and the Imperial eras. ''{{lang|la|Imperium Romanum}}'' (or "{{lang|la|Romanorum}}") refers to the territorial extent of Roman authority. ''{{lang|la| Populus Romanus}}'' ("the Roman people") was/is often [[Metonym|used to indicate the Roman state]] in matters involving other nations. The term ''Romania'', initially a colloquial term for the empire's territory as well as a [[Collective noun|collective name]] for its inhabitants, appears in Greek and Latin sources from the 4th century onward and was eventually carried over to the [[Eastern Roman Empire]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wolff |first=Robert Lee |author-link=Robert Lee Wolff |date=1948 |title=Romania: The Latin Empire of Constantinople |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_speculum_1948-01_23_1/page/1 |volume=23 |pages=1–34, especially 2–3 |journal=Speculum|issue=1 |doi=10.2307/2853672 |jstor=2853672 |s2cid=162802725 }}</ref>}}}} | {{native phrase|grc|Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων|italics=off}}<br/>{{nobold|{{transliteration|grc|Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn}}}} }} | status = Empire | life_span = {{line-height|1.3em|{{nowrap|27 BC–AD 395 {{nobold|(unified)}}}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morley |first=Neville |title=The Roman Empire: Roots of Imperialism |date=17 August 2010 |isbn=978-0-7453-2870-6}}; {{Cite book |last=Diamond |first=Jared |title=Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed: Revised Edition |date=4 January 2011 |isbn=978-1-101-50200-6 |page=13 |author-link=Jared Diamond}}</ref><br/>{{nowrap|AD 395–476/480 {{nobold|([[Western Roman Empire|Western]])}}}}<br/>{{nowrap|AD 395–1453}} {{nobold|([[Byzantine Empire|Eastern]])}}}} | p1 = Roman Republic | s1 = Western Roman Empire | s2 = Byzantine Empire{{!}}Eastern Roman Empire | image_flag = Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg | flag_border = no | flag_size = 100px | flag_type = ''[[Vexillum]]''<br/>with the imperial ''[[Aquila (Roman)|aquila]]'' | image_coat = Better Imperial Aquila.png | coa_size = 100 px | symbol_type = Imperial [[Aquila (Roman)|''aquila'']] | image_map = Roman Empire Trajan 117AD.png | image_map_caption = The Roman Empire in AD 117 at its greatest extent, at the time of [[Trajan]]'s death (with its [[vassal state|vassal]]s in pink){{Sfnp|Bennett|1997}}{{Efn|Fig. 1. Regions east of the [[Euphrates]] river were held only in the years 116–117.}} | image_map2 = Animated map of the Roman territorial evolution from the rise of the city-state of Rome to the fall of the Western Roman Empire.gif | map_caption2 = The Roman Empire from the rise of the city-state of Rome to the fall of the Western Roman Empire | capital = {{plainlist}} * [[Rome]]<br/>(27 BC–AD 286) * [[Mediolanum]]<br/>(286–330, [[Western Roman Empire|West]]) * [[Nicomedia]]<br/>(286–330, [[Byzantine Empire|East]]) * [[Constantinople]]<br/>(330–395) * [[Constantinople]]<br/>{{nowrap|(395–1453, East)}}{{Efn|Between 1204 and 1261 there was an interregnum when the empire was divided into the [[Empire of Nicaea]], the [[Empire of Trebizond]] and the [[Despotate of Epirus]] – all contenders for the rule of the empire. The Empire of Nicaea is usually considered the "legitimate" continuation of the Roman Empire because it managed to re-take Constantinople.}} * [[Mediolanum]]<br/>(395–401, [[Western Roman Empire|West]]) * [[Ravenna]]<br/>(401–403, 408–450, 457–461, 475–476, [[Western Roman Empire|West]]) * [[Rome]]<br/>(403–408, 450–457, 461–475, [[Western Roman Empire|West]])<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gillett |first=Andrew |author-link=Andrew Gillett |date=2001 |title=Rome, Ravenna and the Last Western Emperors |url=https://www.academia.edu/18189525 |journal=Papers of the British School at Rome |volume=69 |doi=10.1017/S0068246200001781 |issn=0068-2462 |pages=131–167 |s2cid=129373675}}</ref> {{Endplainlist}} | common_languages = [[Viyowoyero vya mu Ufumu wa Roma|Regional languages]] | official_languages = [[Chilatini]] | religion = {{plainlist}} * [[Roman imperial cult|Imperial cult]]-driven [[Religion in ancient Rome|polytheism]]<br/>(until AD 380; with [[Henotheism|henotheistic]] solar cult of [[Sol Invictus]] from 274–380) * [[Nicene Christianity]]<br/>([[State church of the Roman Empire|officially]] from AD 380) {{Endplainlist}} | government_type = [[Elective monarchy|Semi-elective]] [[absolute monarchy]] {{small|(de facto)}} | title_leader = [[Roman emperor#Titles and positions|Emperor]] | year_leader1 = {{nowrap|27 BC – AD 14}} | leader1 = [[Augustus]] (first) | year_leader2 = 98–117 | leader2 = [[Trajan]] | year_leader3 = 138–161 | leader3 = [[Antoninus Pius]] | year_leader4 = 270–275 | leader4 = [[Aurelian]] | year_leader5 = 284–305 | leader5 = [[Diocletian]] | year_leader6 = 306–337 | leader6 = [[Constantine I]] | year_leader7 = 379–395 | leader7 = [[Theodosius I]]{{Efn|The final emperor to rule over all of the Empire's territories before its conversion to a diarchy.}} | year_leader8 = 474–480 | leader8 = [[Julius Nepos]]{{Efn|Traditionally the final emperor of the Western empire.<!-- Romulus Augustus's reign was never confirmed by the imperial court in Constantinople, thus making him officially a usurper, only Julius Nepos's reign was legally confirmed until his death in 480. Many historians, wikipedia articles and others sources confirm this -->}} | year_leader9 = 475–476 | leader9 = [[Romulus Augustus]] | year_leader10 = 527–565 | leader10 = [[Justinian I]] | year_leader11 = 610–641 | leader11 = [[Heraclius]] | year_leader12 = 780–797 | leader12 = [[Constantine VI]]{{Efn|Final ruler to be universally recognized as Roman emperor, including by the surviving empire in the East, the Papacy, and by kingdoms in Western Europe.}} | year_leader13 = 976–1025 | leader13 = [[Basil II]] | year_leader14 = 1143–1180 | leader14 = [[Manuel I Komnenos|Manuel I]] | year_leader15 = 1449–1453 | leader15 = [[Constantine XI Palaiologos|Constantine XI]]<!--(Please retain following for sake of legibility:)-->{{Efn|Last emperor of the Eastern (Byzantine) empire.}} | era = [[Classical era]] to [[Late Middle Ages]] | date_pre = 32–30 BC | event_pre = [[War of Actium]] | year_start = 30–2 BC | event_start = [[Constitutional reforms of Augustus|Empire established]] | date_event1 = 16 January 27 BC | event1 = [[Octavian]] named ''[[augustus (title)|augustus]]'' | date_event2 = 11 May 330 | event2 = [[Constantinople#306–337|Constantinople]]<br/>becomes capital | date_event3 = 17 January 395 | event3 = {{nowrap|[[Western Roman Empire#Further divisions|Final]] [[Greek East and Latin West|East-West]] divide}} | date_event4 = 4 September 476 | event4 = [[Deposition of Romulus Augustus]] | date_event5 = 9 May 480 | event5 = Murder of [[Julius Nepos]] | date_event6 = 12 April 1204 | event6 = [[Fourth Crusade]] | date_event7 = 25 July 1261 | event7 = [[Reconquest of Constantinople]] | year_end = 1453 | date_end = 29 May | event_end = [[Fall of Constantinople]] | event_post = [[Fall of Trebizond]] | date_post = 15 August 1461 | stat_year1 = 25 BC | stat_area1 = 2750000 | stat_pop1 = 56,800,000 | stat_year2 = AD 117 | stat_area2 = 5000000 | stat_pop2 = | stat_year3 = AD 390 | stat_area3 = 3400000 | stat_pop3 = | currency = [[sestertius]],{{Efn|Abbreviated "HS". Prices and values are usually expressed in sesterces; see [[#Currency and banking]] for currency denominations by period.}} [[aureus]], [[Solidus (coin)|solidus]], [[Solidus (coin)|nomisma]] | demonym = [[Roman people|Roman]] | area_km2 = | area_rank = | GDP_PPP = | GDP_PPP_year = | HDI = | HDI_year = | ref_area1 = <ref name="size">{{Cite journal |last=Taagepera |first=Rein |author-link=Rein Taagepera |date=1979 |title=Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D |journal=Social Science History |publisher=Duke University Press |volume=3 |issue=3/4 |doi=10.2307/1170959 |page=125|jstor=1170959 }}</ref> | ref_area2 = <ref name="size"/><ref name="East-West">{{Cite journal |last1=Turchin |first1=Peter |author-link=Peter Turchin |last2=Adams |first2=Jonathan M. |last3=Hall |first3=Thomas D. |date=2006 |title=East-West Orientation of Historical Empires |url=http://peterturchin.com/PDF/Turchin_Adams_Hall_2006.pdf |journal=Journal of World-Systems Research |volume=12 |issue=2 |issn=1076-156X |access-date=6 February 2016 |page=222}}</ref> | ref_area3 = <ref name="size"/> | ref_pop1 = <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Durand |first=John D. |date=1977 |title=Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation |url=http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=psc_penn_papers |journal=Population and Development Review |volume=3 |issue=3 |doi=10.2307/1971891 |pages=253–296|jstor=1971891 }}</ref> }} '''Ufumu wa Roma''' (Latin: ''Imperium Romanum'' [ɪmˈpɛri.ũː roːˈmaːnũː]; Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν ??ωμαίων, translit. Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) yikaŵa nyengo ya ku Roma. Mu ufumu uwu mukaŵa vyaru vinandi ivyo vikaŵa kufupi na Nyanja ya Meditereniyani ku [[Europe]], North Africa, na Western Asia. Kufuma apo Kesare Augusto wakambira kuwusa mu ufumu wa Romu m'paka apo ufumu wa Romu ukambira kulamulira mu vyaka vya m'ma 300 C.E., msumba uwu ukaŵa wa Italy. Nyengo yikati yajumphapo, mafumu ghanandi ghakawusanga Ufumu wa Ŵaroma. Msumba wa Roma ndiwo ukaŵa msumba ukuru wa vigaŵa vyose viŵiri ivi m'paka mu 476 C.E. apo ŵasilikari ŵakatumizga vimanyikwiro vya ufumu ku Constantinople. Chikhristu chikati chazomerezgeka kuŵa tchalitchi la boma la Ufumu wa Roma mu 380 C.E. ndipo Ufumu wa Roma wa Kumanjiliro gha dazi ukathereskeka na mathemba gha ku [[Germany]], vikaŵa nga ni para nyengo yakale yili kumara ndipo nyengo ya ku Middle Ages yikamba. Chifukwa cha ivyo vikachitika, kweniso chifukwa chakuti Ufumu wa Romu wa kumafumiro gha dazi ukazgoka wa Ŵagiriki, ŵanthu ŵakusanda mdauko ŵakuyowoya kuti Ufumu wa Romu uwo ukakhala mu vigaŵa vya kumafumiro gha dazi ukaŵa wa Byzantine. Ufumu wa Romu, uwo ukaŵa panthazi pa ufumu uwu, ukasuzgika chomene chifukwa cha nkhondo za pawenenawene na viwawa vya ndyali. Pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 100 B.C.E., Julius Caesar wakimikika kuŵa ''dictator perpetuo'' ("munthu wakulamulira kwamuyirayira"), ndipo pamanyuma wakakomeka mu 44 B.C.E. Nkhondo za pawenenawene zikalutilira, ndipo paumaliro Octavian wakathereska Mark Antony na Cleopatra pa Nkhondo ya Actium mu 31 BC. Chaka chakulondezgapo, Octavian wakathereska ufumu wa Ptolemaic ku Egypt, ndipo nyengo ya Hellenistic yikamara. Octavian wakaŵaso na mazaza pa ŵanthu wose, ndipo wupu wa ku Rome ukamupa mazaza ghose na zina lakuti Augusto. Vyaru vikuruvikuru vya Romu vikaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Mu vyaka 200 vyakwambilira vya muwuso wa Ŵaroma, vinthu vikaŵa makora chomene. "Mtende wa Ŵaroma"). Mu nyengo ya Trajan (mu 98-117 C.E.), ufumu wa Roma ukafika pa malo ghakuru chomene. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 300 C.E., Ufumu wa Roma ukakumana na suzgo likuru chomene, chifukwa Ufumu wa Gallic na Palmyrene ukafumako ku ufumu wa Roma. Mu nyengo ya Aurelian (r. 270–275). Kuti wamazge suzgo ili, Diocletian wakimika makhoti ghaŵiri gha ufumu mu chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Greece na cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Latin mu 286; Ŵakhristu ŵakamba kuŵa na mazaza mu vyaka vya m'ma 300 C.E. pamanyuma pa dango la ku Milan mu 313. Pakati pajumpha nyengo yichoko waka, ŵanthu ŵa ku Germany na Ŵahuni ŵa ku Attila ŵakamba kugaluka. Apo msumba wa Ravenna ukathereskeka na Ŵageremani ŵa Herulian kweniso apo Odoacer wakathereska Romulus Augustus mu 476 C.E., Ufumu wa Ŵaroma ukawa. Ufumu wa ku mpoto wa Ŵaroma ukakhalako vyaka vinandi m'paka apo msumba wa Constantinople ukagolera mu 1453 na Ŵaturuki ŵa Ottoman. Chifukwa chakuti Ufumu wa Roma ukaŵa ukuru chomene kweniso ukakhala nyengo yitali, vinthu ivyo vikachitikanga mu ufumu uwu vikakhwaska chomene chiyowoyero, chisopa, luso, maofesi, mabuku, vinjeru vya ŵanthu, malango, na maboma. Chilatini icho Ŵaroma ŵakayowoyanga ndicho chikazgoka viyowoyero vya ŵanthu ŵa mu nyengo yakale na mazuŵa ghano. Ufumu wa Roma ukati wamba kugomezga Cikristu, pakaŵa cisopa cautesi. Ŵaroma na Ŵagiriki ŵakakhwaska comene luso lwa ku Italy. Maluso gha ku Roma ghakaŵa ghakovwira chomene ku ŵanthu awo ŵakazenganga nyumba za Ŵaroma, Renaissance, na Neoclassical. Ku Europe, sayansi ya Ŵagiriki na Ŵaroma (iyo yikapangiska sayansi ya Chisilamu) yikambaso. Dango la Ŵaroma lili na ŵanthu awo ŵali kulondezga malango gha mazuŵa ghano, nga ni Dango la Napoleon ku France, apo boma la Romu lili na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵali kulondezga malango agha. == Cholowa == Vyaru vinandi vikayowoya kuti vikaŵa mu muwuso wa Ŵaroma pamanyuma pakuti ufumu wa Ŵaroma wa ku Western wareka kuwusa. Ufumu wa Ŵaroma, uwo ukaŵa chiyezgo cha kuwuska ufumu wa Ŵaroma ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi, ukakhazikiskika mu 800 apo Papa Leo III wakathya mphumphu Themba la Ŵafrankhi Charlemagne kuŵa themba la Ŵaroma pa Khisimasi. Ufumu uwu ukalutilira kuŵa na mazaza m'paka mu 1806, apo chigaŵa chikuru cha ufumu uwu chikazgoka Confederation of the Rhine. Nangauli vikaŵa nthena, kweni nyumba yake yikaluza zina ili pamanyuma pakuti Napoleon waleka ufumu wake. Pamanyuma pa kuwa kwa Constantinople, Ufumu wa Russia, pakuŵa muwukirano wa Ufumu wa Byzantine, ukajiwonanga kuti ni ufumu wacitatu wa Roma. Fundo izi zikucemeka kuti translatio imperii. Pambuyo pa kuwina kwa Ufumu wa Russia, wolamulidwa ndi Nyumba ya Romanov, izi zinathera mu Russian Revolution ya 1917 pamene mabolchevik oukira anagwetsa ufumu. Pamanyuma pa kuguliska mutu wa ufumu wa ufumu wa ufumu wa kumpoto kwa Romu, Andres Palaiologos, kwa Ferdinand II wa Aragon na Isabella I wa Castile, na mgwirizano wa ufumu wa ufumu wa [[Spain]], ufumu uwu ukazgoka muwuso wa ufumu wa Romu. Apo ŵa Ottoman ŵakamba kuwukira msumba wa Constantinople mu 1453, Mehmed II wakaŵika msumba wake ukuru mu msumba uwu. Wakambiska nkhondo ya Ottoman ya Otranto, iyo yikaŵa ku Southern Italy, na cilato cakuti wambeso kuwunganya ufumu, kweni nyifwa yake yikapangiska kuti nkhondo iyi yimare. Mehmed II wakacemaso ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ku msumba wake ukuru, kusazgapo Gentile Bellini. Mu vyaka vyapakati pa 500 na 1500 C.E., lizgu lakuti "Roma" likang'anamuranga tchalitchi na papa wa ku Roma. Zina la Chigiriki lakuti Romaioi likalutilira kulembeka mu chiyowoyero cha Chigiriki mu Ufumu wa Roma. Chiharo cha ufumu wa Roma cha kulamulira chilumba cha Italy chikakhwaska mtundu wa Italy na kuwungana kwa Italy mu 1861. Charu cha Roma chikalutilira kuŵa na maghanoghano gha ŵasilikari, chomenechomene Ufumu wa Italy na Nazi Germany. Mu ndyali za United States, Ŵawiskewo ŵa United States ŵakasambizgika mu mitheto ya Classical, ndipo ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito viyelezgero vya Classical pa kuzenga vinthu vya ku America, kuti ŵaleke kuzunura vinthu vya ku Europe nga ni nyumba zacifumu na macalichi. Pakusambizga fundo yawo ya dango lakusazgikana, awo ŵakambiska ŵakawoneseskanga kuti demokilase ya ku Ateni na boma la Romu ni vyakuwonerapo, kweni ŵakawonanga kuti themba la Romu ni munthu wa nkhaza. == Ukaboni == {{Refbegin|30em|indent=yes}} * {{Cite book |last=Abbott |first=Frank Frost |title=A History and Description of Roman Political Institutions |date=1901 |publisher=Elibron Classics |isbn=978-0-543-92749-1 |author-link=Frank Frost Abbott}} * {{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=J. 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P. Wiseman |date=1970 |title=The Definition of ''Eques Romanus'' |journal=Historia |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=67–83}} * {{Cite book |last=Wood |first=Gordon S. |title=The Idea of America: Reflections on the Birth of the United States |url=https://archive.org/details/ideaofamericaref00wood_0 |date=2011 |publisher=Penguin Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-101-51514-3 |author-link=Gordon S. Wood}} {{refend}} 0gcaws0wmrsy7ojsd57kbynw029qh9w 10 23016 121107 65525 2025-11-14T06:57:05Z en>Paine Ellsworth 0 per edit request on talk page - remove TfM template 65524 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{This is a redirect/rcat}} </noinclude>{{Redirect template |id=R from merge |name=From a merge |from=a page that was merged into another page |info=This redirect was kept in order to preserve [[Special:PageHistory/{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|'''the edit history of this page''']] after its content was merged into {{#if:{{{1|}}}|'''[[{{{1}}}]]'''|the content of the target page}}. Please ''do not'' remove the tag that generates this text (unless the need to recreate content on this page has been demonstrated) or delete this page. ** For redirects with substantive [[Help:page histories|page histories]] that ''did not result from page merges'' use {{tl|R with history}} instead. |all category=Redirects from merges }}<noinclude> <!-- Place categories on /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata. --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> n5y7p9w41cjqouy7lq6e8e3cxrmav57 121108 121107 2026-09-04T22:09:26Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:R_from_merge]] 65524 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{This is a redirect/rcat}} </noinclude>{{Redirect template |id=R from merge |name=From a merge |from=a page that was merged into another page |info=This redirect was kept in order to preserve [[Special:PageHistory/{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|'''the edit history of this page''']] after its content was merged into {{#if:{{{1|}}}|'''[[{{{1}}}]]'''|the content of the target page}}. Please ''do not'' remove the tag that generates this text (unless the need to recreate content on this page has been demonstrated) or delete this page. ** For redirects with substantive [[Help:page histories|page histories]] that ''did not result from page merges'' use {{tl|R with history}} instead. |all category=Redirects from merges }}<noinclude> <!-- Place categories on /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata. --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> n5y7p9w41cjqouy7lq6e8e3cxrmav57 10 23594 121093 76412 2026-07-15T10:29:59Z en>Oshwah 0 This is dead code that outputs nothing and can be removed. 121093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke: Unsubst||$B= {{Ombox | style = text-align: center; | type = notice | text = This template '''should {{{1}}} be [[Wikipedia:Substitution|substituted]]'''{{#if:{{{2|}}}|&#32;{{{2}}}}}.}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> o2i9x8aj4d29lpq97h66ytmnp4atf0i 121094 121093 2026-09-04T22:07:45Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Substitution]] 121093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke: Unsubst||$B= {{Ombox | style = text-align: center; | type = notice | text = This template '''should {{{1}}} be [[Wikipedia:Substitution|substituted]]'''{{#if:{{{2|}}}|&#32;{{{2}}}}}.}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> o2i9x8aj4d29lpq97h66ytmnp4atf0i 10 23671 121123 66734 2024-08-28T15:24:49Z en>Jonesey95 0 Update for dark mode; see talk. All testcases passed nicely. 121123 wikitext text/x-wiki <kbd class="nowrap button" title="{{{tooltip|This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find.}}}" style="padding:{{{padTB|.2em}}} {{{padLR|.6em}}}; border:1px solid; border-color:var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) var(--border-color-interactive, #72777d) var(--border-color-interactive, #72777d) var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); border-radius:3px; background-color: {{{bgcolor|#F2F2F2}}}; color: {{{fgcolor|inherit}}}; {{#if:{{{bgcolor|}}}||background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, {{{bgcolor1|var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa)}}}, {{{bgcolor2|var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0)}}});}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|}}}|bold|font-weight: bold;}} font-family:sans-serif; {{{style|}}}">{{{text|{{{1|Hello, World!}}}}}}</kbd><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> l8epoj486xq4j2414xkln2gt3xxg1rg 121124 121123 2026-09-04T22:09:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Button]] 121123 wikitext text/x-wiki <kbd class="nowrap button" title="{{{tooltip|This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find.}}}" style="padding:{{{padTB|.2em}}} {{{padLR|.6em}}}; border:1px solid; border-color:var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) var(--border-color-interactive, #72777d) var(--border-color-interactive, #72777d) var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); border-radius:3px; background-color: {{{bgcolor|#F2F2F2}}}; color: {{{fgcolor|inherit}}}; {{#if:{{{bgcolor|}}}||background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, {{{bgcolor1|var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa)}}}, {{{bgcolor2|var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0)}}});}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|}}}|bold|font-weight: bold;}} font-family:sans-serif; {{{style|}}}">{{{text|{{{1|Hello, World!}}}}}}</kbd><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> l8epoj486xq4j2414xkln2gt3xxg1rg 10 23674 121129 66740 2026-08-13T23:16:20Z en>Axolitl 0 Using [[wmdocs:codex/latest/design-tokens/color.html|Codex colors]] so the template appears better on dark mode 121129 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap" style="border: 0.1em solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); border-radius:0.2em; box-shadow: 0.1em 0.2em 0.2em var(--border-color-disabled, #c8ccd1); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #202122); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0), var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa), var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0)); padding: 0.1em 0.3em; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.85em;">{{#switch:{{lc:{{{1}}}}} | shift lock = [[Shift Lock|⇪ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | second level lock | 2nd level lock | l2 lock | level 2 lock = ⇫ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | capitals lock | caps lock = [[Caps Lock|⇬ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | numeric lock = ⇭ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | num | num lock = {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} ⇩ | third level lock | 3rd level lock | l3 lock | level 3 lock = ⇯ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | generalized lock | generalised lock | lock | general lock = ⇩ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | group lock = ⇰ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | scrolling | scrolling lock = ⇳ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | scroll | scroll lock = {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} ⇩ | pause = ⎉ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | break = ⎊ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- sleep ☾, hibernate, power ⌽, suspend | sysrq | sysreq | system request = {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} --> <!-- level and group switching, modifiers --> | second level | 2nd level | level 2 select | level 2 selector | level 2 | shift = [[Shift key|⇧ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | alternate graphic | alt graph | alt graphic | alt grill | alt car | alt char | right alt | ralt | alt group | alternate group | altgroup | altgr | alt gr | third level | 3rd level | level 3 select | level 3 selector | level 3 = [[AltGr key|⇮ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | group select | group selector | group = ⇨ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- Enter and Return --> | enter = [[Enter key|⌅ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | return = [[Enter key|{{#switch:{{{3|}}}|thin|narrow=↵|thick|hollow=⏎|bend||#default=↩}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | submit | send = ⎆ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- Option and Alt --> | opt | option = [[Option key|⌥ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | alternate | left alt | lalt | alt = [[Alt key|⎇ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Pre-IBM keys --> | greek = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | top = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | front = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | super = [[Super key (keyboard button)|❖ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | hyper = [[Space-cadet keyboard|✦ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | repeat = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | code = [[MSX|⌃ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | graph = [[MSX|⎇ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | meta = [[Meta key|◆ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Laptop keys --> | function | fn = [[Fn key|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- deleting and erasing --> | backwards erase | erase | backspace = [[Backspace|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|⟵|⌫}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | del | delete = [[Delete|⌦ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | ins | insert = {{#if:{{{3|}}}|⎀|⌤}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- ! --> | clear input = ⌧ {{{2|Clear}}} <!-- ! --> <!-- Escape --> | esc | escape = [[Escape key|⎋ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Control (symbol either ISO ⎈ or Apple ⌃) --> | ctrl | control | helm = [[Control key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|⎈|⌃}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Vendor keys, Command (⊞ resembles the Windows logo) --> | os | vendor | cmd | command = [[Command key|⌘ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | windows | win = [[Windows key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|⊞|⌘}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | apple = [[Command key|⌘ {{{2|}}}]] <!--▤--> | menu = [[Menu key|≣ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Compose --> | cmp | compose = [[Compose key|⎄ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- arrow cursor movement --> | /\ = ⇡ {{{2|Up}}} | up | up arrow | move up = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|🔼|↑}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | \/ = ⇣ {{{2|Down}}} | down | down arrow | move down = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|🔽|↓}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | <- = ⇠ {{{2|Left}}} | left | left arrow | move left = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|◀|←}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | -> = ⇢ {{{2|Right}}} | right | right arrow | move right = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|▶|→}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | north west | north-west | nw | <\ | top-left | top left = ↖ | south east | south-east | se | \> | bottom-right | bottom right = ↘ | north east | north-east | ne | /> | top-right | top right = ↗ | south west | south-west | sw | </ | bottom-left | bottom left = ↙ <!-- tab --> | tabulator | htab | horizontal tab | horizontal tabulator | tab = [[Tab key|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}} ↹]] | right tab = [[Tab key|{{{2|Tab}}} ⇥]] <!-- ! --> | shift tab | left tab = [[Tab key|⇤ {{{2|Tab}}}]] <!-- ! --> | vertical tab | vertical tabulator = ↨ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!--Home/End--> | pos1 | start | home = [[Home key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|↖|⇱}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | end = [[End key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|↘|⇲}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | line start = ⇤ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | line end = ⇥ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | page start | top = ⤒ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | page end | bottom = ⤓ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- paged media --> | page up | pgup | pg up = [[Page Up and Page Down keys|⇞ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | page down | pgdn | pgdown | pg down = [[Page Up and Page Down keys|⇟ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | left page | prev page | prev. page = ⎗ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | previous page = ⎗ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | right page | next page = ⎘ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- screen, note “clear input” ⌧ --> | prtscr | prt scr | prtsc | prt sc | print, print screen = ⎙ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | clrscr | clr scr | cls | clr sc | clear | clear screen = ⎚ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- multimedia control; possible inconsistencies --> | play | playback | start playback | scroll right = ▶ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | play reverse | reverse | scroll left = ◀ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | play/pause | play pause = ⏯ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | pause | pause playback = ‖ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | stop = {{#if:{{{3|}}}|◼|■}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | eject = ⏏ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | record = {{#if:{{{3|}}}|🔴|●}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | fwd | forward = ⏭ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip | skip forward = ⏭ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip back | skip backward = ⏮ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | backward | backwards | rewind = ⏪ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | ffad | fast forward = ⏩ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | downward | downwards = ⏬ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip down | scroll down = 🔽 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | upward | upwards = ⏫ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip up | scroll up = 🔼 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | random | randomize | rnd | rand = 🔀 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | repeat | rpt = 🔁 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | repeat once | rpt1 = 🔂 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | reload | refresh = 🔄 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | reception = 📶 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | mute = 🔇 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | volume down | quieter = 🔉 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | volume up | louder = 🔊 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | home | house = ⌂ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- telephones and other telematic devices, also numpad --> | initiator | phone star = ✲ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | terminator | phone hash = ⌗ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | times | multiply | num star = × {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | divide | num slash = ÷ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- spaces → | space | sp | space bar = ␣ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | nbsp | non-breaking space = ⍽ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- problematic characters --> | asterisk | star | * = <nowiki>*</nowiki> | hash | hash sign | pound | pound sign | # = [[Number sign|#]] | colon | : = [[Colon (punctuation)|:]] | pipe symbol | vertical bar | pipe = [[Pipe symbol|{{!}}]] | semicolon = <nowiki>;</nowiki> | equals = <nowiki>=</nowiki> <!-- PlayStation --> | ex = × | circle = ○ | square = □ | triangle = △ <!-- default --> | #default = {{{1}}} }}</kbd></onlyinclude><noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Add categories and interwikis links to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> 2cllc66gzk7s5dy47lba6pz3lf2ik2y 121130 121129 2026-09-04T22:09:57Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Key_top]] 121129 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap" style="border: 0.1em solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); border-radius:0.2em; box-shadow: 0.1em 0.2em 0.2em var(--border-color-disabled, #c8ccd1); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:var(--color-base, #202122); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0), var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa), var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0)); padding: 0.1em 0.3em; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.85em;">{{#switch:{{lc:{{{1}}}}} | shift lock = [[Shift Lock|⇪ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | second level lock | 2nd level lock | l2 lock | level 2 lock = ⇫ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | capitals lock | caps lock = [[Caps Lock|⇬ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | numeric lock = ⇭ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | num | num lock = {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} ⇩ | third level lock | 3rd level lock | l3 lock | level 3 lock = ⇯ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | generalized lock | generalised lock | lock | general lock = ⇩ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | group lock = ⇰ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | scrolling | scrolling lock = ⇳ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | scroll | scroll lock = {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} ⇩ | pause = ⎉ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | break = ⎊ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- sleep ☾, hibernate, power ⌽, suspend | sysrq | sysreq | system request = {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} --> <!-- level and group switching, modifiers --> | second level | 2nd level | level 2 select | level 2 selector | level 2 | shift = [[Shift key|⇧ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | alternate graphic | alt graph | alt graphic | alt grill | alt car | alt char | right alt | ralt | alt group | alternate group | altgroup | altgr | alt gr | third level | 3rd level | level 3 select | level 3 selector | level 3 = [[AltGr key|⇮ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | group select | group selector | group = ⇨ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- Enter and Return --> | enter = [[Enter key|⌅ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | return = [[Enter key|{{#switch:{{{3|}}}|thin|narrow=↵|thick|hollow=⏎|bend||#default=↩}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | submit | send = ⎆ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- Option and Alt --> | opt | option = [[Option key|⌥ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | alternate | left alt | lalt | alt = [[Alt key|⎇ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Pre-IBM keys --> | greek = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | top = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | front = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | super = [[Super key (keyboard button)|❖ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | hyper = [[Space-cadet keyboard|✦ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | repeat = [[Space-cadet keyboard|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | code = [[MSX|⌃ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | graph = [[MSX|⎇ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | meta = [[Meta key|◆ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Laptop keys --> | function | fn = [[Fn key|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- deleting and erasing --> | backwards erase | erase | backspace = [[Backspace|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|⟵|⌫}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | del | delete = [[Delete|⌦ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | ins | insert = {{#if:{{{3|}}}|⎀|⌤}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- ! --> | clear input = ⌧ {{{2|Clear}}} <!-- ! --> <!-- Escape --> | esc | escape = [[Escape key|⎋ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Control (symbol either ISO ⎈ or Apple ⌃) --> | ctrl | control | helm = [[Control key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|⎈|⌃}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Vendor keys, Command (⊞ resembles the Windows logo) --> | os | vendor | cmd | command = [[Command key|⌘ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | windows | win = [[Windows key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|⊞|⌘}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | apple = [[Command key|⌘ {{{2|}}}]] <!--▤--> | menu = [[Menu key|≣ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- Compose --> | cmp | compose = [[Compose key|⎄ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] <!-- arrow cursor movement --> | /\ = ⇡ {{{2|Up}}} | up | up arrow | move up = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|🔼|↑}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | \/ = ⇣ {{{2|Down}}} | down | down arrow | move down = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|🔽|↓}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | <- = ⇠ {{{2|Left}}} | left | left arrow | move left = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|◀|←}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | -> = ⇢ {{{2|Right}}} | right | right arrow | move right = [[Arrow keys|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|▶|→}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | north west | north-west | nw | <\ | top-left | top left = ↖ | south east | south-east | se | \> | bottom-right | bottom right = ↘ | north east | north-east | ne | /> | top-right | top right = ↗ | south west | south-west | sw | </ | bottom-left | bottom left = ↙ <!-- tab --> | tabulator | htab | horizontal tab | horizontal tabulator | tab = [[Tab key|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}} ↹]] | right tab = [[Tab key|{{{2|Tab}}} ⇥]] <!-- ! --> | shift tab | left tab = [[Tab key|⇤ {{{2|Tab}}}]] <!-- ! --> | vertical tab | vertical tabulator = ↨ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!--Home/End--> | pos1 | start | home = [[Home key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|↖|⇱}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | end = [[End key|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|↘|⇲}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | line start = ⇤ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | line end = ⇥ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | page start | top = ⤒ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | page end | bottom = ⤓ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- paged media --> | page up | pgup | pg up = [[Page Up and Page Down keys|⇞ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | page down | pgdn | pgdown | pg down = [[Page Up and Page Down keys|⇟ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] | left page | prev page | prev. page = ⎗ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | previous page = ⎗ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | right page | next page = ⎘ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- screen, note “clear input” ⌧ --> | prtscr | prt scr | prtsc | prt sc | print, print screen = ⎙ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | clrscr | clr scr | cls | clr sc | clear | clear screen = ⎚ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- multimedia control; possible inconsistencies --> | play | playback | start playback | scroll right = ▶ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | play reverse | reverse | scroll left = ◀ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | play/pause | play pause = ⏯ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | pause | pause playback = ‖ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | stop = {{#if:{{{3|}}}|◼|■}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | eject = ⏏ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | record = {{#if:{{{3|}}}|🔴|●}} {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | fwd | forward = ⏭ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip | skip forward = ⏭ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip back | skip backward = ⏮ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | backward | backwards | rewind = ⏪ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | ffad | fast forward = ⏩ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | downward | downwards = ⏬ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip down | scroll down = 🔽 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | upward | upwards = ⏫ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | skip up | scroll up = 🔼 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | random | randomize | rnd | rand = 🔀 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | repeat | rpt = 🔁 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | repeat once | rpt1 = 🔂 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | reload | refresh = 🔄 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | reception = 📶 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | mute = 🔇 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | volume down | quieter = 🔉 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | volume up | louder = 🔊 {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | home | house = ⌂ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- telephones and other telematic devices, also numpad --> | initiator | phone star = ✲ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | terminator | phone hash = ⌗ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | times | multiply | num star = × {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | divide | num slash = ÷ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- spaces → | space | sp | space bar = ␣ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} | nbsp | non-breaking space = ⍽ {{{2|{{{1}}}}}} <!-- problematic characters --> | asterisk | star | * = <nowiki>*</nowiki> | hash | hash sign | pound | pound sign | # = [[Number sign|#]] | colon | : = [[Colon (punctuation)|:]] | pipe symbol | vertical bar | pipe = [[Pipe symbol|{{!}}]] | semicolon = <nowiki>;</nowiki> | equals = <nowiki>=</nowiki> <!-- PlayStation --> | ex = × | circle = ○ | square = □ | triangle = △ <!-- default --> | #default = {{{1}}} }}</kbd></onlyinclude><noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Add categories and interwikis links to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> 2cllc66gzk7s5dy47lba6pz3lf2ik2y 10 23675 121133 66742 2024-05-21T14:49:11Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:Dc2]] to [[Template:Deprecated code 2]]: expand name for clarity 121133 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Deprecated code 2]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 1sqepyb2v7yxhbi8llcidg4t6040qc2 121134 121133 2026-09-04T22:09:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Dc2]] 121133 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Deprecated code 2]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} 1sqepyb2v7yxhbi8llcidg4t6040qc2 10 23677 121147 66748 2024-08-25T12:16:47Z en>Warudo 0 +rcat 121147 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Param value]] {{Rcat shell| {{R shortcut}} }} brfkzkf9futzxnw5ien0erejft2lgre 121148 121147 2026-09-04T22:10:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Pvalue]] 121147 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Param value]] {{Rcat shell| {{R shortcut}} }} brfkzkf9futzxnw5ien0erejft2lgre 10 23678 121149 108524 2026-06-26T15:14:03Z en>Kvng 0 {{mvar}} 121149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Semantic markup templates | state = {{{state|{{{1|<includeonly>collapsed</includeonly>}}}}}} | title = {{c|Semantic markup templates}} | liststyle = font-size:110%; | tracking = no <!-- keep the documented templates out of the hlist tracking category --> | list1 = {{Aligned table |cols=3 |class=wikitable sortable |style=line-height:1.35em;text-align:left; |colstyle=<!--vertical-align:middle;-->padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=white-space:nowrap; |col3style=white-space:normal; |row1style=line-height:1.6em; |row1header=on | Template&nbsp; | Example output&nbsp; | Use&nbsp; | {{tlb|strong}} | {{strong|Important!}} | To indicate [[HTML element#strong|<nowiki><strong></nowiki>]] importance, seriousness, or urgency instead of just simple typographical boldfacing | {{tlb|strongbad}} | "{{strongbad|Never}} use&thinsp;..." | Same as {{braces|strong}} but in red | {{tlb|stronggood}} | "{{stronggood|Only}} use&thinsp;..." | Same as {{braces|strong}} but in green | {{tlb|em}} | "An {{em|emphatic phrase}}" | To indicate [[HTML element#em|<nowiki><em></nowiki>]] stress emphasis (not just purely typographical italicization like for book titles or foreign terms) | {{tlb|var}} | {{var|strPrefix}} | To indicate text is a variable name. Use for any variable names except those including "I" (uppercase&nbsp;i) and/or "l" (lowercase&nbsp;L); for these, {{braces|var serif}} should be used to ensure a noticeable distinction | {{tlb|var serif}} | {{var serif|strIllustratePrefix}} | (see {{braces|var}} above) | {{tlb|mvar}} | Let {{mvar|x}} be the maximum value used. | Used to refer to individual variables in &lt;math&gt; ([[MOS:FORMULA|formula]]) elements in normal running text. | {{tlb|dfn}} | This {{dfn|term|Definition}} has a definition | To indicate a [[MOS:TERM|term]] defined in nearby text. | {{tlb|dfni}} | This {{dfni|term}} has a definition | Wrapper for {{tl|dfn}} that applies metadata and italic styling. | {{tlb|lang}} | She said: "{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}" | Indicate that a piece of text belongs to a particular language other than that of the page as a whole. | {{tlb|tld}} | {{tld|DEFAULTSORT:Y, X}} | To display wikicode variables and [[Help:Magic words|magic words]] as they would appear in code | {{tlb|parameter}} | {{para|year|2008}} | To display template parameters with or without values | {{tlb|param}} | {{param|title|alt}} | To display parameters as used in code (i.e. with triple braces), especially to indicate relationships between them. May be combined with {{braces|parameter}} above | {{tlb|param value}}| {{pvalue| 2 blanks fore and aft |space=·}} | To display parameter values lightly bordered; replaces &lt;code>...&lt;/code>, especially when value contains embedded or leading/trailing blanks; visualized here with [[middot]] (&middot;) but can use ␠, ▯, or any character. | {{tlb|tlx}} etc. | {{tlx|Template|{{var|1}}|{{var|2}}|...|{{var|10}}}} | To display a template call (with or without parameters and values) as code | {{tlb|tag}} | {{resize|95%|"The {{tag|img}} tags&thinsp;..."}} | To render [[HTML element]]s ("tags") in prose | {{tlb|code}}/{{tlb|codett}} | "Ensure the {{code|1=alt=}} parameter&thinsp;..." | To indicate text is source code. To nest other templates within {{braces|code}}, use {{tag|code}}. {{tl|codett}} differs only in styling: {{code|someMethod}} becomes {{codett|someMethod}} | {{tlb|PreCode}} | {{resize|95%|"[[Forth (programming language)|FORTH]] has keyword {{PreCode|?BRANCH}}."}} | Like {{tlb|code}}, but prevents line breaks inside the code. Only for very short code parts. | {{tlg|bold=y|subst=y|codenowiki}} | <code><nowiki>{{small|small text example}}</nowiki></code> | To wrap example code in {{code|<code><<nowiki>nowiki</nowiki>>...<<nowiki>/nowiki</nowiki>></code>}} | {{tlg|bold=y|subst=y|kbdnowiki}} | <kbd><nowiki>{{large|large text example}}</nowiki></kbd> | To wrap example code in {{code|<kbd><<nowiki>nowiki</nowiki>>...<<nowiki>/nowiki</nowiki>></kbd>}} | {{tlb|syntaxhighlight}} | {{syntaxhighlight|border=no|lang=html|line=1|highlight=2|code= <table align=center style="background: ivory">}} | ({{thin space|or {{tlx|sxhl}}}})&nbsp; Wrapper for {{tag|syntaxhighlight}}, but will wrap overflowing text | {{tlb|deprecated code}} | "Do not use {{tag|{{deprecated code|blink}}|o}}." | ({{thin space|or {{tlx|dc}}}})&nbsp; To indicate [[deprecated]] source code in template documentation, articles on HTML specs, etc. The {{tlx|dc2}} variant uses strike-through ({{tag|{{dc2|blink}}|o}}) while {{tlx|dcr}} uses red ({{tag|{{dcr|blink}}|o}}). | {{tlb|pre}} | {{pre|You miss '''100%''' of the shots you don't take}} | For larger blocks of source code and other pre-formatted text | {{tlb|blockquote}} | {{blockquote|No good deed<br />goes unpunished}}| For block quotations (only – never for non-quotations) | {{tlb|block indent}} | {{block indent|Hurry and succumb<br />to temptation before it<br />goes away}} | For indented blocks of material; visually identical to {{tlx|quote}} but without quote markup | {{tlb|kbd}} | {{kbd|user input}} | To indicate user input | {{tlb|key press}} | {{key press|Ctrl|x}} | To indicate specific-keystroke input, including combinations | {{tlb|key top}} | {{key top|Left shift}} | Similar; includes more symbols, but does not directly support combinations | {{tlb|button}} | {{button|Don't save}} | To indicate a button in a user interface | {{tlb|samp}} | {{samp|example output}} | To indicate sample or example output }} }}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> pcpeeqx2clr3rxt3ldipd1ifgqh7eyh 121150 121149 2026-09-04T22:10:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Semantic_markup_templates]] 121149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Semantic markup templates | state = {{{state|{{{1|<includeonly>collapsed</includeonly>}}}}}} | title = {{c|Semantic markup templates}} | liststyle = font-size:110%; | tracking = no <!-- keep the documented templates out of the hlist tracking category --> | list1 = {{Aligned table |cols=3 |class=wikitable sortable |style=line-height:1.35em;text-align:left; |colstyle=<!--vertical-align:middle;-->padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=white-space:nowrap; |col3style=white-space:normal; |row1style=line-height:1.6em; |row1header=on | Template&nbsp; | Example output&nbsp; | Use&nbsp; | {{tlb|strong}} | {{strong|Important!}} | To indicate [[HTML element#strong|<nowiki><strong></nowiki>]] importance, seriousness, or urgency instead of just simple typographical boldfacing | {{tlb|strongbad}} | "{{strongbad|Never}} use&thinsp;..." | Same as {{braces|strong}} but in red | {{tlb|stronggood}} | "{{stronggood|Only}} use&thinsp;..." | Same as {{braces|strong}} but in green | {{tlb|em}} | "An {{em|emphatic phrase}}" | To indicate [[HTML element#em|<nowiki><em></nowiki>]] stress emphasis (not just purely typographical italicization like for book titles or foreign terms) | {{tlb|var}} | {{var|strPrefix}} | To indicate text is a variable name. Use for any variable names except those including "I" (uppercase&nbsp;i) and/or "l" (lowercase&nbsp;L); for these, {{braces|var serif}} should be used to ensure a noticeable distinction | {{tlb|var serif}} | {{var serif|strIllustratePrefix}} | (see {{braces|var}} above) | {{tlb|mvar}} | Let {{mvar|x}} be the maximum value used. | Used to refer to individual variables in &lt;math&gt; ([[MOS:FORMULA|formula]]) elements in normal running text. | {{tlb|dfn}} | This {{dfn|term|Definition}} has a definition | To indicate a [[MOS:TERM|term]] defined in nearby text. | {{tlb|dfni}} | This {{dfni|term}} has a definition | Wrapper for {{tl|dfn}} that applies metadata and italic styling. | {{tlb|lang}} | She said: "{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}" | Indicate that a piece of text belongs to a particular language other than that of the page as a whole. | {{tlb|tld}} | {{tld|DEFAULTSORT:Y, X}} | To display wikicode variables and [[Help:Magic words|magic words]] as they would appear in code | {{tlb|parameter}} | {{para|year|2008}} | To display template parameters with or without values | {{tlb|param}} | {{param|title|alt}} | To display parameters as used in code (i.e. with triple braces), especially to indicate relationships between them. May be combined with {{braces|parameter}} above | {{tlb|param value}}| {{pvalue| 2 blanks fore and aft |space=·}} | To display parameter values lightly bordered; replaces &lt;code>...&lt;/code>, especially when value contains embedded or leading/trailing blanks; visualized here with [[middot]] (&middot;) but can use ␠, ▯, or any character. | {{tlb|tlx}} etc. | {{tlx|Template|{{var|1}}|{{var|2}}|...|{{var|10}}}} | To display a template call (with or without parameters and values) as code | {{tlb|tag}} | {{resize|95%|"The {{tag|img}} tags&thinsp;..."}} | To render [[HTML element]]s ("tags") in prose | {{tlb|code}}/{{tlb|codett}} | "Ensure the {{code|1=alt=}} parameter&thinsp;..." | To indicate text is source code. To nest other templates within {{braces|code}}, use {{tag|code}}. {{tl|codett}} differs only in styling: {{code|someMethod}} becomes {{codett|someMethod}} | {{tlb|PreCode}} | {{resize|95%|"[[Forth (programming language)|FORTH]] has keyword {{PreCode|?BRANCH}}."}} | Like {{tlb|code}}, but prevents line breaks inside the code. Only for very short code parts. | {{tlg|bold=y|subst=y|codenowiki}} | <code><nowiki>{{small|small text example}}</nowiki></code> | To wrap example code in {{code|<code><<nowiki>nowiki</nowiki>>...<<nowiki>/nowiki</nowiki>></code>}} | {{tlg|bold=y|subst=y|kbdnowiki}} | <kbd><nowiki>{{large|large text example}}</nowiki></kbd> | To wrap example code in {{code|<kbd><<nowiki>nowiki</nowiki>>...<<nowiki>/nowiki</nowiki>></kbd>}} | {{tlb|syntaxhighlight}} | {{syntaxhighlight|border=no|lang=html|line=1|highlight=2|code= <table align=center style="background: ivory">}} | ({{thin space|or {{tlx|sxhl}}}})&nbsp; Wrapper for {{tag|syntaxhighlight}}, but will wrap overflowing text | {{tlb|deprecated code}} | "Do not use {{tag|{{deprecated code|blink}}|o}}." | ({{thin space|or {{tlx|dc}}}})&nbsp; To indicate [[deprecated]] source code in template documentation, articles on HTML specs, etc. The {{tlx|dc2}} variant uses strike-through ({{tag|{{dc2|blink}}|o}}) while {{tlx|dcr}} uses red ({{tag|{{dcr|blink}}|o}}). | {{tlb|pre}} | {{pre|You miss '''100%''' of the shots you don't take}} | For larger blocks of source code and other pre-formatted text | {{tlb|blockquote}} | {{blockquote|No good deed<br />goes unpunished}}| For block quotations (only – never for non-quotations) | {{tlb|block indent}} | {{block indent|Hurry and succumb<br />to temptation before it<br />goes away}} | For indented blocks of material; visually identical to {{tlx|quote}} but without quote markup | {{tlb|kbd}} | {{kbd|user input}} | To indicate user input | {{tlb|key press}} | {{key press|Ctrl|x}} | To indicate specific-keystroke input, including combinations | {{tlb|key top}} | {{key top|Left shift}} | Similar; includes more symbols, but does not directly support combinations | {{tlb|button}} | {{button|Don't save}} | To indicate a button in a user interface | {{tlb|samp}} | {{samp|example output}} | To indicate sample or example output }} }}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> pcpeeqx2clr3rxt3ldipd1ifgqh7eyh 10 23680 121569 66754 2026-04-18T04:08:17Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Sfrac]]" ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 121569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||$B=<templatestyles src="Sfrac/styles.css" /><span class="sfrac">&NoBreak;{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{1}}}<span class="sr-only">+</span>}}<!-- --><span class="tion" {{#if:{{{font-size|}}}|style="font-size:{{{font-size}}}"}}><!-- --><span class="num">{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{1}}}|1}}}}</span><!-- --><span class="sr-only">/</span><!-- --><span class="den">{{{3|{{{2|{{{1|1}}}}}}}}}</span><!-- --></span><!-- -->&NoBreak;</span>}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to /doc subpage, not here. --> </noinclude> 32mv70cbd4f0m43l2vz2f7pex1ig26i 121570 121569 2026-09-04T22:21:30Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Sfrac]] 121569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||$B=<templatestyles src="Sfrac/styles.css" /><span class="sfrac">&NoBreak;{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{1}}}<span class="sr-only">+</span>}}<!-- --><span class="tion" {{#if:{{{font-size|}}}|style="font-size:{{{font-size}}}"}}><!-- --><span class="num">{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{1}}}|1}}}}</span><!-- --><span class="sr-only">/</span><!-- --><span class="den">{{{3|{{{2|{{{1|1}}}}}}}}}</span><!-- --></span><!-- -->&NoBreak;</span>}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to /doc subpage, not here. --> </noinclude> 32mv70cbd4f0m43l2vz2f7pex1ig26i 10 23681 121571 66756 2026-05-15T23:02:51Z en>Beland 0 fix problems with numerals colliding with horizontal bar 121571 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp|small=y}} */ .sfrac { white-space: nowrap; } .sfrac.tion, .sfrac .tion { display: inline-block; vertical-align: -0.5em; font-size: 85%; text-align: center; margin-left: .1em; margin-right: .1em; } .sfrac .num { display: block; border-bottom: 1px solid; } .sfrac .den { display: block; line-height: 1.5em; } /* [[Template:Screen reader-only]] is canonical implementation onwiki */ .sr-only { border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); /* removed from CSS */ clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; /* white-space: nowrap; /* already have nowrap above */ } 9np07cmr35dbpmlh7lal8fpfm5p5hs6 121572 121571 2026-09-04T22:21:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Sfrac/styles.css]] 121571 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp|small=y}} */ .sfrac { white-space: nowrap; } .sfrac.tion, .sfrac .tion { display: inline-block; vertical-align: -0.5em; font-size: 85%; text-align: center; margin-left: .1em; margin-right: .1em; } .sfrac .num { display: block; border-bottom: 1px solid; } .sfrac .den { display: block; line-height: 1.5em; } /* [[Template:Screen reader-only]] is canonical implementation onwiki */ .sr-only { border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); /* removed from CSS */ clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; /* white-space: nowrap; /* already have nowrap above */ } 9np07cmr35dbpmlh7lal8fpfm5p5hs6 10 23682 121579 66758 2024-07-26T02:04:31Z en>Izno 0 remove 'defaults' entirely as totally unnecessary with the use of the conditionals; remove a parameter that is totally useless 121579 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span style="{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{font|}}} |font-family:{{{font}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{size|}}} |font-size:{{{size}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{color|}}} |color:{{{color}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{bgcolor|}}} |background-color:{{{bgcolor}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{css|}}} |{{{css}}}}}">{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{1|}}} |{{{1}}}|{{{text}}}}}</span></includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> pzwfv05e52tkgmzlwpvr2tqf09u7whp 121580 121579 2026-09-04T22:21:34Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Font]] 121579 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span style="{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{font|}}} |font-family:{{{font}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{size|}}} |font-size:{{{size}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{color|}}} |color:{{{color}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{bgcolor|}}} |background-color:{{{bgcolor}}};}}{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{css|}}} |{{{css}}}}}">{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if: {{{1|}}} |{{{1}}}|{{{text}}}}}</span></includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> pzwfv05e52tkgmzlwpvr2tqf09u7whp 10 23685 121581 66764 2025-04-17T15:40:48Z 208.114.63.4 121581 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude><span style="font-size: {{{2|1em}}}">&lceil;</span>{{{1}}}<span style="font-size: {{{2|1em}}}">&rceil;</span></onlyinclude> {{Documentation}} n8jb91k1nquapaeretguyfq7flz7w79 121582 121581 2026-09-04T22:21:35Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Ceil]] 121581 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude><span style="font-size: {{{2|1em}}}">&lceil;</span>{{{1}}}<span style="font-size: {{{2|1em}}}">&rceil;</span></onlyinclude> {{Documentation}} n8jb91k1nquapaeretguyfq7flz7w79 10 23686 121583 66766 2026-03-12T15:51:41Z en>EinesteinNobel 0 Added my new template 121583 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- This template uses British English. --> {{Navbox with collapsible groups | name = Math templates | state = {{{state|expanded}}} | bodyclass = hlist | title = Math templates | liststyle = font-size:110%;<!--(as some templates' descriptions include links)--> | selected = {{{selected|{{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} <!-------------- Functions / Numeral systems --------------> | abbr1 = FN | group1 = *Functions *Numeral systems | state1 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list1 = {{Navbox |child | group1 = Functions | list1 = *{{tlbare|elementary arithmetic}} *{{tlbare|precision}} *{{tlbare|val}}&nbsp;(value formatting) *{{tlbare|percentage}} | group2 = Numeral systems | list2 = *{{ml|BaseConvert|''X''to''Y''}} *{{tlbare|binary}} *{{tlbare|decimal2Base}} *{{tlbare|hex2dec}} *{{tlbare|hexadecimal}} *{{tlbare|octal}} *{{tlbare|quaternary}} *{{tlbare|rn}} *{{tlbare|roman}} *{{tlbare|ternary}} *{{tlbare|vigesimal}} }} <!---------------------- Conversions ----------------------> | abbr2 = conversions | group2 = Conversions | state2 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list2 = {{Aligned table |style=margin:0 auto 0;text-align:left; | {{Aligned table |style=padding-right:2.5em; |col1style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=font-size:90%;<!--(see liststyle above)--> vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic; | {{tlbare|convert}} | many units (see: [[Template:Convert/list_of_units |list]]) | {{tlbare|cvt}} | abbreviated {{tl|convert}} | {{tlbare|convinfobox}} | {{tl|convert}} for infoboxes | {{tlbare|bbl to t}} | barrels of oil to tonnes | {{tlbare|long ton}} | long hundredweights, quarters and pounds to kilograms;<br/>long tons and hundredweights to pounds and metric tons | {{tlbare|miles-chains}} | miles and chains to kilometres linking "chains" }} | {{Aligned table |col1style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=font-size:90%;<!--(as above)--> vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic; | {{tlbare|decdeg}} | degrees, minutes, and seconds to [[decimal degrees]] | {{tlbare|deg2DMS|deg2dms}} | decimal degrees to degrees, minutes, and seconds | {{tlbare|deg2HMS|deg2hms}} | decimal degrees to [[hour angle]] (in hours, minutes, and seconds) | {{tlbare|HMS2Deg|hms2deg}} | [[hour angle]] (in hours, minutes, and seconds) to decimal degrees | {{tlbare|inflation}} | calculate inflation of Consumer Price Index-related prices | {{tlbare|pop density}} | population density in an area | {{tlbare|track gauge}} | railway track gauges }} }} <!----------------------- Notation & formatting ------------------------> | group3 = Notation and {{Category link|Mathematical formatting templates|formatting}} | abbr3 = notation | state3 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list3 = {{Aligned table |style=margin:0 auto 0;text-align:left; |cols=4 |col1style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=font-size:90%;<!--(as above)--> vertical-align:top;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic;padding-right:2.5em; |col3style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col4style=font-size:90%;<!--(as above)--> vertical-align:top;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic; |row1style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; |row4style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; |row7style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; |row10style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; <!-- This is a bit awkward to sort. Basically within a group of size 8 we go in the order of 1|1|5|5|2|2|6|6|3|3|7|7|4|4|8|8 --> <!-- Group 1. The essential texhtml --> | {{tlbare|bigmath}} | bigger font to match {{noitalic|[[TeX]]}} {{noitalic|<samp><nowiki>\</nowiki>displaystyle</samp>}} (standalone formulas only) | {{tlbare|math}} | short text-based formulas <!-- Group 2. Other inline typographical --> | {{tlbare|mathcal}} | [mathematical] calligraphic font; alternative to {{noitalic|[[LaTeX]]}} {{noitalic|<samp><nowiki>\</nowiki>mathcal{...}</samp>}} | {{tlbare|tombstone}} | symbol indicating the [[Tombstone (typography)|end of a proof]] <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|mvar}} | individual italicized maths variables in normal text | {{tlbare|val}} | measurement values, uncertainties and units <!-- Row --> | *{{tlbare|overline}} *{{tlbare|underline}} *{{tlbare|overunderline}}| a line set above/below a sequence of characters | {{tlbare|vec}} | various overarrows, underarrows, etc.<!--pointing left, right or both ways--> <!-- Row -- | {{tlbare|overarc}} | an arc set above a sequence of characters | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |row5style=border-bottom:1px solid #333; <!-- Group 3. The deliminators --> | {{tlbare|abs}} | absolute values (paired vertical lines) | *{{tlbare|langle}} *{{tlbare|rangle}} *{{tlbare|Angle bracket|angbr}} | [[Bracket#Angular brackets|angular bracket]]s <!-- Row --> | *{{tlbare|bra-ket}} *{{tlbare|braket}} *{{tlbare|bra}} *{{tlbare|ket}} | [[bra–ket notation]] | *{{tlbare|ldelim}} *{{tlbare|rdelim}} | multiline delimiters (2–5 lines inclusive) <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|ceil}}, {{tlbare|floor}} | calculations [[:mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##expr|:mw:Help:#expr]]; formatting indicators {{noitalic|1={{ceil|3.14}}<!-- -->}}, {{noitalic|1={{floor|3.14}}<!-- -->}} (no calculation performed) | {{tlbare|pars}} | parentheses that can be resized {{noitalic|1={{math|{{pars|s=150|{{large|∑}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}} <!-- Group 4. The taller-than-one-line (composites, etc) --> <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|fraction}} | slant fractions {{frac|3|5}} (not for maths/science articles; use ''standing'' or upright fractions {{noitalic|{{tlx|sfrac}}<!-- -->}} instead) | {{tlbare|sfrac}} | "standing" or upright fractions {{sfrac|3|5}} (use in maths/science articles instead of{{noitalic|{{tlx|fraction}}<!-- -->}}) <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|intmath}} | [[integral symbol]]s |{{tlbare|sum-int}} | an integral superimposed over a capital sigma | *{{tlbare|sub}} *{{tlbare|sup}} *{{tlbare|su}} | subscripts and superscripts <!-- Row --> | *{{tlbare|overset}} *{{tlbare|underset}} | arbitrary characters/diacritics set above/below one another | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |row13style=border-bottom:1px solid #333; <!-- Group 5. For interfacing with <math>, not the texhtml stuff --> | {{tlbare|tmath}} | Wrap {{noitalic|[[TeX]]}} in {{noitalic|<nowiki><math></nowiki>}} tags }} <!---------------- Boxes / Tags / Notices -----------------> | abbr4 = BTN | group4 = *Boxes *Tags *Notices | state4 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list4 = {{Navbox with columns |child |colstyle=text-align:center; | col1header = Boxes | col1 = *{{tlbare|arithmetic operations}} *{{tlbare|calculus}} *{{tlbare|Infobox mathematical function}} *{{tlbare|functions}} | col2header = Tags | col2 = *{{tlbare|metricate}} *{{tlbare|undue precision}} *{{tlbare|units attention}} }} | below = *{{icon|Category}} {{c|Mathematics templates|Category}} *[[:Module:Math]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> bvzugyng60byww5whpuiwk2eq3tfxzu 121584 121583 2026-09-04T22:21:35Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Math_templates]] 121583 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- This template uses British English. --> {{Navbox with collapsible groups | name = Math templates | state = {{{state|expanded}}} | bodyclass = hlist | title = Math templates | liststyle = font-size:110%;<!--(as some templates' descriptions include links)--> | selected = {{{selected|{{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} <!-------------- Functions / Numeral systems --------------> | abbr1 = FN | group1 = *Functions *Numeral systems | state1 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list1 = {{Navbox |child | group1 = Functions | list1 = *{{tlbare|elementary arithmetic}} *{{tlbare|precision}} *{{tlbare|val}}&nbsp;(value formatting) *{{tlbare|percentage}} | group2 = Numeral systems | list2 = *{{ml|BaseConvert|''X''to''Y''}} *{{tlbare|binary}} *{{tlbare|decimal2Base}} *{{tlbare|hex2dec}} *{{tlbare|hexadecimal}} *{{tlbare|octal}} *{{tlbare|quaternary}} *{{tlbare|rn}} *{{tlbare|roman}} *{{tlbare|ternary}} *{{tlbare|vigesimal}} }} <!---------------------- Conversions ----------------------> | abbr2 = conversions | group2 = Conversions | state2 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list2 = {{Aligned table |style=margin:0 auto 0;text-align:left; | {{Aligned table |style=padding-right:2.5em; |col1style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=font-size:90%;<!--(see liststyle above)--> vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic; | {{tlbare|convert}} | many units (see: [[Template:Convert/list_of_units |list]]) | {{tlbare|cvt}} | abbreviated {{tl|convert}} | {{tlbare|convinfobox}} | {{tl|convert}} for infoboxes | {{tlbare|bbl to t}} | barrels of oil to tonnes | {{tlbare|long ton}} | long hundredweights, quarters and pounds to kilograms;<br/>long tons and hundredweights to pounds and metric tons | {{tlbare|miles-chains}} | miles and chains to kilometres linking "chains" }} | {{Aligned table |col1style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=font-size:90%;<!--(as above)--> vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic; | {{tlbare|decdeg}} | degrees, minutes, and seconds to [[decimal degrees]] | {{tlbare|deg2DMS|deg2dms}} | decimal degrees to degrees, minutes, and seconds | {{tlbare|deg2HMS|deg2hms}} | decimal degrees to [[hour angle]] (in hours, minutes, and seconds) | {{tlbare|HMS2Deg|hms2deg}} | [[hour angle]] (in hours, minutes, and seconds) to decimal degrees | {{tlbare|inflation}} | calculate inflation of Consumer Price Index-related prices | {{tlbare|pop density}} | population density in an area | {{tlbare|track gauge}} | railway track gauges }} }} <!----------------------- Notation & formatting ------------------------> | group3 = Notation and {{Category link|Mathematical formatting templates|formatting}} | abbr3 = notation | state3 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list3 = {{Aligned table |style=margin:0 auto 0;text-align:left; |cols=4 |col1style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col2style=font-size:90%;<!--(as above)--> vertical-align:top;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic;padding-right:2.5em; |col3style=text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:1.0em; |col4style=font-size:90%;<!--(as above)--> vertical-align:top;line-height:1.3em;font-style:italic; |row1style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; |row4style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; |row7style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; |row10style=border-bottom:1px solid #777; <!-- This is a bit awkward to sort. Basically within a group of size 8 we go in the order of 1|1|5|5|2|2|6|6|3|3|7|7|4|4|8|8 --> <!-- Group 1. The essential texhtml --> | {{tlbare|bigmath}} | bigger font to match {{noitalic|[[TeX]]}} {{noitalic|<samp><nowiki>\</nowiki>displaystyle</samp>}} (standalone formulas only) | {{tlbare|math}} | short text-based formulas <!-- Group 2. Other inline typographical --> | {{tlbare|mathcal}} | [mathematical] calligraphic font; alternative to {{noitalic|[[LaTeX]]}} {{noitalic|<samp><nowiki>\</nowiki>mathcal{...}</samp>}} | {{tlbare|tombstone}} | symbol indicating the [[Tombstone (typography)|end of a proof]] <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|mvar}} | individual italicized maths variables in normal text | {{tlbare|val}} | measurement values, uncertainties and units <!-- Row --> | *{{tlbare|overline}} *{{tlbare|underline}} *{{tlbare|overunderline}}| a line set above/below a sequence of characters | {{tlbare|vec}} | various overarrows, underarrows, etc.<!--pointing left, right or both ways--> <!-- Row -- | {{tlbare|overarc}} | an arc set above a sequence of characters | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |row5style=border-bottom:1px solid #333; <!-- Group 3. The deliminators --> | {{tlbare|abs}} | absolute values (paired vertical lines) | *{{tlbare|langle}} *{{tlbare|rangle}} *{{tlbare|Angle bracket|angbr}} | [[Bracket#Angular brackets|angular bracket]]s <!-- Row --> | *{{tlbare|bra-ket}} *{{tlbare|braket}} *{{tlbare|bra}} *{{tlbare|ket}} | [[bra–ket notation]] | *{{tlbare|ldelim}} *{{tlbare|rdelim}} | multiline delimiters (2–5 lines inclusive) <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|ceil}}, {{tlbare|floor}} | calculations [[:mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##expr|:mw:Help:#expr]]; formatting indicators {{noitalic|1={{ceil|3.14}}<!-- -->}}, {{noitalic|1={{floor|3.14}}<!-- -->}} (no calculation performed) | {{tlbare|pars}} | parentheses that can be resized {{noitalic|1={{math|{{pars|s=150|{{large|∑}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}} <!-- Group 4. The taller-than-one-line (composites, etc) --> <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|fraction}} | slant fractions {{frac|3|5}} (not for maths/science articles; use ''standing'' or upright fractions {{noitalic|{{tlx|sfrac}}<!-- -->}} instead) | {{tlbare|sfrac}} | "standing" or upright fractions {{sfrac|3|5}} (use in maths/science articles instead of{{noitalic|{{tlx|fraction}}<!-- -->}}) <!-- Row --> | {{tlbare|intmath}} | [[integral symbol]]s |{{tlbare|sum-int}} | an integral superimposed over a capital sigma | *{{tlbare|sub}} *{{tlbare|sup}} *{{tlbare|su}} | subscripts and superscripts <!-- Row --> | *{{tlbare|overset}} *{{tlbare|underset}} | arbitrary characters/diacritics set above/below one another | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |row13style=border-bottom:1px solid #333; <!-- Group 5. For interfacing with <math>, not the texhtml stuff --> | {{tlbare|tmath}} | Wrap {{noitalic|[[TeX]]}} in {{noitalic|<nowiki><math></nowiki>}} tags }} <!---------------- Boxes / Tags / Notices -----------------> | abbr4 = BTN | group4 = *Boxes *Tags *Notices | state4 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude> | list4 = {{Navbox with columns |child |colstyle=text-align:center; | col1header = Boxes | col1 = *{{tlbare|arithmetic operations}} *{{tlbare|calculus}} *{{tlbare|Infobox mathematical function}} *{{tlbare|functions}} | col2header = Tags | col2 = *{{tlbare|metricate}} *{{tlbare|undue precision}} *{{tlbare|units attention}} }} | below = *{{icon|Category}} {{c|Mathematics templates|Category}} *[[:Module:Math]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> bvzugyng60byww5whpuiwk2eq3tfxzu 10 24143 121095 80741 2026-09-03T14:57:41Z en>Frietjes 0 121095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:navbox with collapsible groups|navbox | name = R template index | title = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages]] | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state<includeonly>|{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}}|off|collapsed}}</includeonly>}}} | selected = {{{selected|{{{1|<includeonly>functions</includeonly>}}} }}} | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#List of redirects by function|Rcat functional index]] | abbr1 = functions | list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | groupstyle = text-align:center; | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Grammar, punctuation and spelling|Grammar,<br />punctuation,<br />and spelling]] | list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = Abbreviation | list1 = * {{tl|R from abbreviation}} * {{tl|R to acronym}} * {{tl|R from acronym}} * {{tl|R to initialism}} * {{tl|R from initialism}} * {{tl|R from numeronym}} * {{tl|R from Bluebook abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from MathSciNet abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from NLM abbreviation}} | group2 = Capitalisation | list2 = * {{tl|R from CamelCase}} * {{tl|R from other capitalisation}} * {{tl|R from miscapitalisation}} | group3 = Grammar and<br/>punctuation | list3 = * {{tl|R from modification}} * {{tl|R from plural}} * {{tl|R to plural}} | group4 = Parts of speech | list4 = * {{tl|R from adjective}} * {{tl|R from adverb}} * {{tl|R from common noun}} * {{tl|R from gerund}} * {{tl|R from proper noun}} * {{tl|R from verb}} | group5 = Spelling | list5 = * {{tl|R from alternative spelling}} * {{tl|R from alternative hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from alternative punctuation}} * {{tl|R from alternative spacing}} * {{tl|R from alternative transliteration}} * {{tl|R from American English}} * {{tl|R from ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R to ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R from British English}} * {{tl|R from diacritic}} * {{tl|R to diacritic}} * {{tl|R from incorrect hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from ligature}} * {{tl|R to ligature}} * {{tl|R from misspelling}} * {{tl|R from stylization}} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Alternative names|Alternative<br />names]] | list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = General | list1 = * {{tl|R from alternative language}} ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect language codes|language codes]] * {{tl|R from alternative name}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous sort name}} <!-- Exists at {{R from sort name/ambiguous}} --> * {{tl|R from antonym}} * {{tl|R from colloquial name}} * {{tl|R country data}} * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R from incomplete name}} * {{tl|R from incorrect name}} * {{tl|R from less specific name}} * {{tl|R from long name}} * {{tl|R from more specific name}} * {{tl|R from non-neutral name}} * {{tl|R to numerals}} * {{tl|R from numerals}} * {{tl|R to Roman numerals}} * {{tl|R from Roman numerals}} * {{tl|R from portmanteau}} * {{tl|R from short name}} * {{tl|R from sort name}} * {{tl|R from synonym}} | group2 = People | list2 = * {{tl|R from birth name}} * {{tl|R from given name}} * {{tl|R to joint biography}} * {{tl|R from married name}} * {{tl|R from name with title}} * {{tl|R from person}} * {{tl|R from personal name}} * {{tl|R from Eastern name}} * {{tl|R from Western name}} * {{tl|R from pseudonym}} * {{tl|R from surname}} | group3 = Technical | list3 = * {{tl|R from CAS Registry Number}} * {{tl|R from court case}} * {{tl|R from drug trade name}} * {{tl|R from E number}} * {{tl|R from EC number}} * {{tl|R from filename}} * {{tl|R from file extension}} * {{tl|R from identifier}} * {{tl|R from Java package name}} * {{tl|R from chemical formula}} * {{tl|R from gene symbol}} * {{tl|R from technical name}} * {{tl|R to technical name}} * {{tl|R from radio frequency}} | group4 = Organisms | list4 = * {{tl|R to scientific name}} * {{tl|R from scientific name}} * {{tl|R from alternative scientific name}} * {{tl|R from scientific abbreviation}} * {{tl|R to monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R from monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R taxon with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from species to genus}} | group5 = Geography | list5 = * {{tl|R from name and country}} * {{tl|R from more specific geographic name}} * {{tl|R from postal code}} }} | group3 = Navigation<br/>aids | list3 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Miscellaneous|Navigation]] | list1 = * {{tl|R to anchor}} * {{tl|R avoided double redirect}} * {{tl|R from category navigation}} * {{tl|R from file metadata link}} * {{tl|R to list entry}} * {{tl|R mentioned in hatnote}} * {{tl|R to section}} * {{tl|R from shortcut}} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Disambiguation|Disambiguation]] | list2 = * {{tl|R from ambiguous term}} * {{tl|R to disambiguation page}} * {{tl|R from incomplete disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from other disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from predictable disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from unnecessary disambiguation}} | group3 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Merges, duplicates and moves|Merge, duplicate and move]] | list3 = * {{tl|R from draft namespace}} * {{tl|R from duplicated article}} * {{tl|R with history}} * {{tl|R from merge}} * {{tl|R from move}} * {{tl|R with old history}} | group4 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#To namespaces|To namespaces]] | list4 = * {{tl|R from remote talk page}} * {{tl|R to category namespace}} * {{tl|R to draft namespace}} * {{tl|R to help namespace}} * {{tl|R to main namespace}} * {{tl|R to MOS namespace}} * {{tl|R to portal namespace}} * {{tl|R to project namespace}} * {{tl|R to talk page}} * {{tl|R to template namespace}} * {{tl|R to user namespace}} }} | group4 = Media | list4 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = General | list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = | list1 = * {{tl|R from book}} * {{tl|R comics naming convention}} * {{tl|R from film}} * {{tl|R from upcoming film}} * {{tl|R from journal}} * {{tl|R from meme}} * {{tl|R from radio program}} * {{tl|R from subreddit}} * {{tl|R from work}} * {{tl|R from creator}} * {{tl|R from radio frequency}} * {{tl|R from broadcast translator}} | group2 = Music | list2 = * {{tl|R from album}} * {{tl|R from lyric}} * {{tl|R from song}} * {{tl|R from cover song}} * {{tl|R from band name}} | group3 = Television | list3 = * {{tl|R from television episode}} * {{tl|R from television program}} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Miscellaneous|Fiction]] | list2 = * {{tl|R from fictional character}} * {{tl|R from fictional element}} * {{tl|R from fictional location}} }} | group5 = Miscellaneous | list5 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Miscellaneous|Related<br/>information]] | list1 = * {{tl|R to article without mention}} * {{tl|R to decade}} * {{tl|R to century}} * {{tl|R to millennium}} * {{tl|R from city and state}} * {{tl|R from URL}} * {{tl|R from domain name}} ** {{tl|R from second-level domain}} ** {{tl|R from top-level domain}} * {{tl|R from gendered term}} * {{tl|R from legislation}} * {{tl|R from list topic}} * {{tl|R from member}} * {{tl|R from phrase}} * {{tl|R from quotation}} * {{tl|R to related topic}} * {{tl|R from related word}} * {{tl|R from relative}} ** {{tl|R from spouse}} * {{tl|R from school}} * {{tl|R from slogan}} * {{tl|R from subsidiary}} * {{tl|R from subtopic}} * {{tl|R to subtopic}} * {{tl|R from gap in series}} * {{tl|R from team}} * {{tl|R from Unicode character}} * {{tl|R from Unicode code}} * {{tl|R from emoji}} * {{tl|R from question}} | group2 = {{c|Redirects with possibilities|With possibilities}} | list2 = * {{tl|R with possibilities}} ** {{cat|Template redirects with possibilities}} * {{tl|R category with possibilities}} | group3 = [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO codes]] | list3 = * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 639 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 3166 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4217 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 15924 code}} | group4 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Printworthy vs. unprintworthy|Printworthiness]] | list4 = * [[Wikipedia:Printability|Printability]] * {{tl|R printworthy}} * {{tl|R unprintworthy}} ** e.g. {{tlf|R with possibilities}} is printworthy by default; {{tlf|R from misspelling}} is unprintworthy by default; some have no default | group5 = Protection | list5 = * {{tl|R protected}} * {{tl|R with high-use template}} | group6 = Tools | list6 = * {{cat|Miscellaneous redirects}} * [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|Protection policy]] * {{tl|R from template-generated category}} * {{tl|Redirect category shell}} * {{tl|Talk page of redirect}} | group7 = Wikidata | list7 = * {{tl|R with Wikidata item}} * {{tl|Soft redirect with Wikidata item}} }} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Alphanumeric listing|Alphanumeric listing]] | abbr2 = alphanumeric | list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | groupstyle = text-align:center; | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#0–9|0–9]] | list1 = * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 639 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 3166 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4217 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 15924 code}} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#A|A]] | list2 = * {{tl|R avoided double redirect}} * {{tl|R from abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from scientific abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from systematic abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from US postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from acronym}} * {{tl|R to acronym}} * {{tl|R from adjective}} * {{tl|R from old AfC draft}} * {{tl|R from adverb}} * {{tl|R from airline code}} * {{tl|R from airport code}} * {{tl|R from album}} * {{tl|R from alternative hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from alternative language}} * {{tl|R from alternative military designation}} * {{tl|R from alternative name}} * {{tl|R from alternative punctuation}} * {{tl|R from alternative scientific name}} * {{tl|R from alternative spacing}} * {{tl|R from alternative spelling}} * {{tl|R from alternative translation}} * {{tl|R from alternative transliteration}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous sort name}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous term}} * {{tl|R from American English}} * {{tl|R from amusement ride}} * {{tl|R to anchor}} * {{tl|R from animal}} * {{tl|R from antonym}} * {{tl|R to article without mention}} * {{tl|R from ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R to ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R from ATC code}} * {{tl|R from ATCvet code}} | group3 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#B|B]] | list3 = * {{tl|R from band name}} * {{tl|R to joint biography}} * {{tl|R from birth name}} * {{tl|R from book}} * {{tl|R from brand name}} * {{tl|R from British English}} * {{tl|R from bus route}} * {{tl|R from London bus route}} * {{tl|R from NYC bus route}} | group4 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#C|C]] | list4 = * {{tl|R from calling code}} * {{tl|R from CamelCase}} * {{tl|R from Canadian settlement name}} * {{tl|R from miscapitalisation}} * {{tl|R from other capitalisation}} * {{tl|R from CAS Registry Number}} * {{tl|R from case citation}} * {{tl|R from catchphrase}} * {{tl|R to category namespace}} * {{tl|R category with possibilities}} * {{tl|R to century}} * {{tl|R from chemical formula}} * {{tl|R from city and province}} * {{tl|R from city and state}} * {{tl|R from code}} * {{tl|R from postal code}} * {{tl|R comics naming convention}} * {{tl|R from common noun}} * {{tl|R from company name}} * {{tl|R from predecessor company name}} * {{tl|R for convenience}} * {{tl|R country data}} * {{tl|R from cover song}} | group5 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#D|D]] | list5 = * {{tl|R to decade}} * {{tl|R from demonym}} * {{tl|R from diacritic}} * {{tl|R to diacritic}} * {{tl|R to disambiguation page}} * {{tl|R from incomplete disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from other disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from predictable disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from unnecessary disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from DOI prefix}} * {{tl|R from URL}} * {{tl|R from domain name}} * {{tl|R from second-level domain}} * {{tl|R from top-level domain}} * {{tl|R avoided double redirect}} * {{tl|R from draft namespace}} * {{tl|R to draft namespace}} * {{tl|R from drug trade name}} * {{tl|R from duplicated article}} | group6 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#E|E]] | list6 = * {{tl|R from E number}} * {{tl|R from E2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from Eastern name}} * {{tl|R from EC number}} * {{tl|R from emoji}} * {{tl|R from eponym}} * {{tl|R from mathematical expression}} * {{tl|R protected/excon}} | group7 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#F|F]] | list7 = * {{tl|R from fictional character}} * {{tl|R from fictional element}} * {{tl|R from fictional location}} * {{tl|R from fictional species}} * {{tl|R from file extension}} * {{tl|R from file metadata link}} * {{tl|R from filename}} * {{tl|R from film}} * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R to former name}} * {{tl|R from former Swiss municipality}} * {{tl|R protected/full}} | group8 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#G|G]] | list8 = * {{tl|R from gendered term}} * {{tl|R from gene symbol}} * {{tl|R from gerund}} * {{tl|R from given name}} * {{tl|R from Greek letter organization letters}} | group9 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#H|H]] | list9 = * {{tl|R from H2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R mentioned in hatnote}} * {{tl|R to help namespace}} * {{tl|R from highway}} * {{tl|R from highway in region}} * {{tl|R from highway in region without possibilities}} * {{tl|R with high-use template}} * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R with history}} * {{tl|R with old history}} * {{tl|R from HTML entity}} | group10 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#I|I]] | list10 = * {{tl|R from identifier}} * {{tl|R from IMO number}} * {{tl|R from imprint}} * {{tl|R from incomplete disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incomplete name}} * {{tl|R from incorrect disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect name}} * {{tl|R from initialism}} * {{tl|R to initialism}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 639 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 3166 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 15924 code}} | group11 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#J|J]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#K|K]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#L|L]] | list11 = * {{tl|R from Java package name}} * {{tl|R to joint biography}} * {{tl|R from journal}} * {{tl|R from alternative language}} * {{tl|R from legislation}} * {{tl|R from less specific name}} * {{tl|R from letter–word combination}} * {{tl|R from ligature}} * {{tl|R to ligature}} * {{tl|R to list entry}} * {{tl|R from list topic}} * {{tl|R from London bus route}} * {{tl|R from London place name}} * {{tl|R from long name}} * {{tl|R from lyric}} | group12 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#M|M]] | list12 = * {{tl|R to main namespace}} * {{tl|R from manufacturer's designation}} * {{tl|R from married name}} * {{tl|R from mathematical expression}} * {{tl|R from member}} * {{tl|R from meme}} * {{tl|R mentioned in hatnote}} * {{tl|R from merge}} * {{tl|R from file metadata link}} * {{tl|R from military designation}} * {{tl|R from alternative military designation}} * {{tl|R from variant military designation}} * {{tl|R from miscapitalisation}} * {{tl|R from misspelling}} * {{tl|R from modification}} * {{tl|R from mojibake}} * {{tl|R from monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R to monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R from more specific name}} * {{tl|R from more specific geographic name}} * {{tl|R from move}} | group13 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#N|N]] | list13 = * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R from name and country}} * {{tl|R from name with title}} * {{tl|R to name with title}} * {{tl|R comics naming convention}} * {{tl|R from natural disambiguation}} * {{tl|R to natural disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from non-neutral name}} * {{tl|R from CAS Registry Number}} * {{tl|R from E number}} * {{tl|R from EC number}} * {{tl|R from numerals}} * {{tl|R to numerals}} * {{tl|R from numeronym}} * {{tl|R from NYC bus route}} | group14 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#O|O]] | list14 = * {{tl|R with old history}} * {{tl|R from other capitalisation}} * {{tl|R from other disambiguation}} | group15 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#P|P]] | list15 = * {{tl|R from person}} * {{tl|R from personal name}} * {{tl|R from phrase}} * {{tl|R plant with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from plural}} * {{tl|R to plural}} * {{tl|R to portal namespace}} * {{tl|R from portmanteau}} * {{tl|R with possibilities}} * {{tl|R category with possibilities}} * {{tl|R plant with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from US postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from postal code}} * {{tl|R from UK postcode}} * {{tl|R from predecessor company name}} * {{tl|R from predictable disambiguation}} * {{tl|R printworthy}} * {{tl|R from product name}} * {{tl|R to project namespace}} * {{tl|R from proper noun}} * {{tl|R protected}} * {{tl|R protected/excon}} * {{tl|R protected/full}} * {{tl|R protected/semi}} * {{tl|R protected/template}} * {{tl|R from pseudonym}} | group16 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Q|Q]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#R|R]] | list16 = * {{tl|R from quotation}} * {{tl|R from radio frequency}} * {{tl|R from radio program}} * {{tl|R from railroad name with ampersand}} * {{tl|R to redirect template}} * {{tl|R to related topic}} * {{tl|R from related word}} * {{tl|R from relative}} * {{tl|R from remote talk page}} * {{tl|R from reporting name}} * {{tl|R restricted}} * {{tl|R from RFC}} * {{tl|R from Wade–Giles romanization}} * {{tl|R from route number}} | group17 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#S|S]] | list17 = * {{tl|R from S2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from school}} * {{tl|R from scientific abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from scientific name}} * {{tl|R from alternative scientific name}} * {{tl|R to scientific name}} * {{tl|R from second-level domain}} * {{tl|R to section}} * {{tl|R protected/semi}} * {{tl|R from short name}} * {{tl|R from shortcut}} * {{tl|R from slogan}} * {{tl|R from song}} * {{tl|R from cover song}} * {{tl|R from sort name}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous sort name}} * {{tl|R from South Indian spelling}} * {{tl|R from species to genus}} * {{tl|R from more specific geographic name}} * {{tl|R from less specific name}} * {{tl|R from more specific name}} * {{tl|R to sports league}} * {{tl|R from spouse}} * {{tl|R from stock symbol}} * {{tl|R to stub template}} * {{tl|R from stylization}} * {{tl|R from subpage}} * {{tl|R to subpage}} * {{tl|R from subsidiary}} * {{tl|R from subsidiary title}} * {{tl|R from subtopic}} * {{tl|R to subtopic}} * {{tl|R from surname}} * {{tl|R from former Swiss municipality}} * {{tl|R to Swiss municipality 2L}} * {{tl|R to Swiss municipality (canton)}} * {{tl|R to Swiss municipality (, Switzerland)}} * {{tl|R from symbol}} * {{tl|R from gene symbol}} * {{tl|R from mathematical expression}} * {{tl|R from stock symbol}} * {{tl|R from E2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from H2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from S2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from synonym}} * {{tl|R from systematic abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from systematic name}} * {{tl|R to systematic name}} | group18 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#T|T]] | list18 = * {{tl|R from remote talk page}} * {{tl|R to talk page}} * {{tl|R taxon with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R to monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R from team}} * {{tl|R from technical name}} * {{tl|R to technical name}} * {{tl|R from telephone number}} * {{tl|R to template namespace}} * {{tl|R protected/template}} * {{tl|R from name with title}} * {{tl|R to name with title}} * {{tl|R from list topic}} * {{tl|R from top-level domain}} * {{tl|R from trademark}} * {{tl|R from alternative translation}} * {{tl|R from alternative transliteration}} * {{tl|R from television episode}} * {{tl|R from X username}} | group19 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#U|U]] | list19 = * {{tl|R from UK postcode}} * {{tl|R from Unicode character}} * {{tl|R from Unicode code}} * {{tl|R from UN/LOCODE}} * {{tl|R from unnecessary disambiguation}} * {{tl|R unprintworthy}} * {{tl|R from upcoming film}} * {{tl|R to userbox}} * {{tl|R to user namespace}} * {{tl|R from US military aircraft designator}} * {{tl|R from US postal abbreviation}} | group20 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#V|V]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#W|W]] | list20 = * {{tl|R from variant military designation}} * {{tl|R from verb}} * {{tl|R from Wade–Giles romanization}} * {{tl|R to warning template}} * {{tl|R from Western name}} * {{tl|R with Wikidata item}} * {{tl|R from letter–word combination}} * {{tl|R from work}} * {{tl|R from writer}} | group21 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#X|X]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Y|Y]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Z|Z]] | list21 = * {{tl|R from year}} }} | belowstyle = font-weight:bold; | below = * {{#invoke:Icon|main|RED}} [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Alphanumeric listing|Complete alphanumeric index]] ** for the full list of rcat templates * {{#invoke:Icon|main|Category}} [[:Category:Redirect templates|Category]] * {{#invoke:Icon|main|WIKIPROJECT}} [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Redirect|WikiProject Redirect]] * {{#invoke:Icon|main|wikipedia}} [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|Categorizing redirects]] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> a1eyqddy9bgnaxatovshqjlnwtavvue 121096 121095 2026-09-04T22:07:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:R_template_index]] 121095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:navbox with collapsible groups|navbox | name = R template index | title = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages]] | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state<includeonly>|{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}}|off|collapsed}}</includeonly>}}} | selected = {{{selected|{{{1|<includeonly>functions</includeonly>}}} }}} | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#List of redirects by function|Rcat functional index]] | abbr1 = functions | list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | groupstyle = text-align:center; | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Grammar, punctuation and spelling|Grammar,<br />punctuation,<br />and spelling]] | list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = Abbreviation | list1 = * {{tl|R from abbreviation}} * {{tl|R to acronym}} * {{tl|R from acronym}} * {{tl|R to initialism}} * {{tl|R from initialism}} * {{tl|R from numeronym}} * {{tl|R from Bluebook abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from MathSciNet abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from NLM abbreviation}} | group2 = Capitalisation | list2 = * {{tl|R from CamelCase}} * {{tl|R from other capitalisation}} * {{tl|R from miscapitalisation}} | group3 = Grammar and<br/>punctuation | list3 = * {{tl|R from modification}} * {{tl|R from plural}} * {{tl|R to plural}} | group4 = Parts of speech | list4 = * {{tl|R from adjective}} * {{tl|R from adverb}} * {{tl|R from common noun}} * {{tl|R from gerund}} * {{tl|R from proper noun}} * {{tl|R from verb}} | group5 = Spelling | list5 = * {{tl|R from alternative spelling}} * {{tl|R from alternative hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from alternative punctuation}} * {{tl|R from alternative spacing}} * {{tl|R from alternative transliteration}} * {{tl|R from American English}} * {{tl|R from ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R to ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R from British English}} * {{tl|R from diacritic}} * {{tl|R to diacritic}} * {{tl|R from incorrect hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from ligature}} * {{tl|R to ligature}} * {{tl|R from misspelling}} * {{tl|R from stylization}} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Alternative names|Alternative<br />names]] | list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = General | list1 = * {{tl|R from alternative language}} ** [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect language codes|language codes]] * {{tl|R from alternative name}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous sort name}} <!-- Exists at {{R from sort name/ambiguous}} --> * {{tl|R from antonym}} * {{tl|R from colloquial name}} * {{tl|R country data}} * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R from incomplete name}} * {{tl|R from incorrect name}} * {{tl|R from less specific name}} * {{tl|R from long name}} * {{tl|R from more specific name}} * {{tl|R from non-neutral name}} * {{tl|R to numerals}} * {{tl|R from numerals}} * {{tl|R to Roman numerals}} * {{tl|R from Roman numerals}} * {{tl|R from portmanteau}} * {{tl|R from short name}} * {{tl|R from sort name}} * {{tl|R from synonym}} | group2 = People | list2 = * {{tl|R from birth name}} * {{tl|R from given name}} * {{tl|R to joint biography}} * {{tl|R from married name}} * {{tl|R from name with title}} * {{tl|R from person}} * {{tl|R from personal name}} * {{tl|R from Eastern name}} * {{tl|R from Western name}} * {{tl|R from pseudonym}} * {{tl|R from surname}} | group3 = Technical | list3 = * {{tl|R from CAS Registry Number}} * {{tl|R from court case}} * {{tl|R from drug trade name}} * {{tl|R from E number}} * {{tl|R from EC number}} * {{tl|R from filename}} * {{tl|R from file extension}} * {{tl|R from identifier}} * {{tl|R from Java package name}} * {{tl|R from chemical formula}} * {{tl|R from gene symbol}} * {{tl|R from technical name}} * {{tl|R to technical name}} * {{tl|R from radio frequency}} | group4 = Organisms | list4 = * {{tl|R to scientific name}} * {{tl|R from scientific name}} * {{tl|R from alternative scientific name}} * {{tl|R from scientific abbreviation}} * {{tl|R to monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R from monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R taxon with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from species to genus}} | group5 = Geography | list5 = * {{tl|R from name and country}} * {{tl|R from more specific geographic name}} * {{tl|R from postal code}} }} | group3 = Navigation<br/>aids | list3 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Miscellaneous|Navigation]] | list1 = * {{tl|R to anchor}} * {{tl|R avoided double redirect}} * {{tl|R from category navigation}} * {{tl|R from file metadata link}} * {{tl|R to list entry}} * {{tl|R mentioned in hatnote}} * {{tl|R to section}} * {{tl|R from shortcut}} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Disambiguation|Disambiguation]] | list2 = * {{tl|R from ambiguous term}} * {{tl|R to disambiguation page}} * {{tl|R from incomplete disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from other disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from predictable disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from unnecessary disambiguation}} | group3 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Merges, duplicates and moves|Merge, duplicate and move]] | list3 = * {{tl|R from draft namespace}} * {{tl|R from duplicated article}} * {{tl|R with history}} * {{tl|R from merge}} * {{tl|R from move}} * {{tl|R with old history}} | group4 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#To namespaces|To namespaces]] | list4 = * {{tl|R from remote talk page}} * {{tl|R to category namespace}} * {{tl|R to draft namespace}} * {{tl|R to help namespace}} * {{tl|R to main namespace}} * {{tl|R to MOS namespace}} * {{tl|R to portal namespace}} * {{tl|R to project namespace}} * {{tl|R to talk page}} * {{tl|R to template namespace}} * {{tl|R to user namespace}} }} | group4 = Media | list4 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = General | list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = | list1 = * {{tl|R from book}} * {{tl|R comics naming convention}} * {{tl|R from film}} * {{tl|R from upcoming film}} * {{tl|R from journal}} * {{tl|R from meme}} * {{tl|R from radio program}} * {{tl|R from subreddit}} * {{tl|R from work}} * {{tl|R from creator}} * {{tl|R from radio frequency}} * {{tl|R from broadcast translator}} | group2 = Music | list2 = * {{tl|R from album}} * {{tl|R from lyric}} * {{tl|R from song}} * {{tl|R from cover song}} * {{tl|R from band name}} | group3 = Television | list3 = * {{tl|R from television episode}} * {{tl|R from television program}} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Miscellaneous|Fiction]] | list2 = * {{tl|R from fictional character}} * {{tl|R from fictional element}} * {{tl|R from fictional location}} }} | group5 = Miscellaneous | list5 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | listclass = hlist | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Miscellaneous|Related<br/>information]] | list1 = * {{tl|R to article without mention}} * {{tl|R to decade}} * {{tl|R to century}} * {{tl|R to millennium}} * {{tl|R from city and state}} * {{tl|R from URL}} * {{tl|R from domain name}} ** {{tl|R from second-level domain}} ** {{tl|R from top-level domain}} * {{tl|R from gendered term}} * {{tl|R from legislation}} * {{tl|R from list topic}} * {{tl|R from member}} * {{tl|R from phrase}} * {{tl|R from quotation}} * {{tl|R to related topic}} * {{tl|R from related word}} * {{tl|R from relative}} ** {{tl|R from spouse}} * {{tl|R from school}} * {{tl|R from slogan}} * {{tl|R from subsidiary}} * {{tl|R from subtopic}} * {{tl|R to subtopic}} * {{tl|R from gap in series}} * {{tl|R from team}} * {{tl|R from Unicode character}} * {{tl|R from Unicode code}} * {{tl|R from emoji}} * {{tl|R from question}} | group2 = {{c|Redirects with possibilities|With possibilities}} | list2 = * {{tl|R with possibilities}} ** {{cat|Template redirects with possibilities}} * {{tl|R category with possibilities}} | group3 = [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO codes]] | list3 = * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 639 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 3166 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4217 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 15924 code}} | group4 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Printworthy vs. unprintworthy|Printworthiness]] | list4 = * [[Wikipedia:Printability|Printability]] * {{tl|R printworthy}} * {{tl|R unprintworthy}} ** e.g. {{tlf|R with possibilities}} is printworthy by default; {{tlf|R from misspelling}} is unprintworthy by default; some have no default | group5 = Protection | list5 = * {{tl|R protected}} * {{tl|R with high-use template}} | group6 = Tools | list6 = * {{cat|Miscellaneous redirects}} * [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|Protection policy]] * {{tl|R from template-generated category}} * {{tl|Redirect category shell}} * {{tl|Talk page of redirect}} | group7 = Wikidata | list7 = * {{tl|R with Wikidata item}} * {{tl|Soft redirect with Wikidata item}} }} }} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Alphanumeric listing|Alphanumeric listing]] | abbr2 = alphanumeric | list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child | groupstyle = text-align:center; | group1 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#0–9|0–9]] | list1 = * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 639 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 3166 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4217 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 15924 code}} | group2 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#A|A]] | list2 = * {{tl|R avoided double redirect}} * {{tl|R from abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from scientific abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from systematic abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from US postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from acronym}} * {{tl|R to acronym}} * {{tl|R from adjective}} * {{tl|R from old AfC draft}} * {{tl|R from adverb}} * {{tl|R from airline code}} * {{tl|R from airport code}} * {{tl|R from album}} * {{tl|R from alternative hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from alternative language}} * {{tl|R from alternative military designation}} * {{tl|R from alternative name}} * {{tl|R from alternative punctuation}} * {{tl|R from alternative scientific name}} * {{tl|R from alternative spacing}} * {{tl|R from alternative spelling}} * {{tl|R from alternative translation}} * {{tl|R from alternative transliteration}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous sort name}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous term}} * {{tl|R from American English}} * {{tl|R from amusement ride}} * {{tl|R to anchor}} * {{tl|R from animal}} * {{tl|R from antonym}} * {{tl|R to article without mention}} * {{tl|R from ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R to ASCII-only}} * {{tl|R from ATC code}} * {{tl|R from ATCvet code}} | group3 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#B|B]] | list3 = * {{tl|R from band name}} * {{tl|R to joint biography}} * {{tl|R from birth name}} * {{tl|R from book}} * {{tl|R from brand name}} * {{tl|R from British English}} * {{tl|R from bus route}} * {{tl|R from London bus route}} * {{tl|R from NYC bus route}} | group4 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#C|C]] | list4 = * {{tl|R from calling code}} * {{tl|R from CamelCase}} * {{tl|R from Canadian settlement name}} * {{tl|R from miscapitalisation}} * {{tl|R from other capitalisation}} * {{tl|R from CAS Registry Number}} * {{tl|R from case citation}} * {{tl|R from catchphrase}} * {{tl|R to category namespace}} * {{tl|R category with possibilities}} * {{tl|R to century}} * {{tl|R from chemical formula}} * {{tl|R from city and province}} * {{tl|R from city and state}} * {{tl|R from code}} * {{tl|R from postal code}} * {{tl|R comics naming convention}} * {{tl|R from common noun}} * {{tl|R from company name}} * {{tl|R from predecessor company name}} * {{tl|R for convenience}} * {{tl|R country data}} * {{tl|R from cover song}} | group5 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#D|D]] | list5 = * {{tl|R to decade}} * {{tl|R from demonym}} * {{tl|R from diacritic}} * {{tl|R to diacritic}} * {{tl|R to disambiguation page}} * {{tl|R from incomplete disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from other disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from predictable disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from unnecessary disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from DOI prefix}} * {{tl|R from URL}} * {{tl|R from domain name}} * {{tl|R from second-level domain}} * {{tl|R from top-level domain}} * {{tl|R avoided double redirect}} * {{tl|R from draft namespace}} * {{tl|R to draft namespace}} * {{tl|R from drug trade name}} * {{tl|R from duplicated article}} | group6 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#E|E]] | list6 = * {{tl|R from E number}} * {{tl|R from E2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from Eastern name}} * {{tl|R from EC number}} * {{tl|R from emoji}} * {{tl|R from eponym}} * {{tl|R from mathematical expression}} * {{tl|R protected/excon}} | group7 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#F|F]] | list7 = * {{tl|R from fictional character}} * {{tl|R from fictional element}} * {{tl|R from fictional location}} * {{tl|R from fictional species}} * {{tl|R from file extension}} * {{tl|R from file metadata link}} * {{tl|R from filename}} * {{tl|R from film}} * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R to former name}} * {{tl|R from former Swiss municipality}} * {{tl|R protected/full}} | group8 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#G|G]] | list8 = * {{tl|R from gendered term}} * {{tl|R from gene symbol}} * {{tl|R from gerund}} * {{tl|R from given name}} * {{tl|R from Greek letter organization letters}} | group9 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#H|H]] | list9 = * {{tl|R from H2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R mentioned in hatnote}} * {{tl|R to help namespace}} * {{tl|R from highway}} * {{tl|R from highway in region}} * {{tl|R from highway in region without possibilities}} * {{tl|R with high-use template}} * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R with history}} * {{tl|R with old history}} * {{tl|R from HTML entity}} | group10 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#I|I]] | list10 = * {{tl|R from identifier}} * {{tl|R from IMO number}} * {{tl|R from imprint}} * {{tl|R from incomplete disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incomplete name}} * {{tl|R from incorrect disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect hyphenation}} * {{tl|R from incorrect name}} * {{tl|R from initialism}} * {{tl|R to initialism}} * {{tl|R from ISO 4 abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from ISO 639 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 3166 code}} * {{tl|R from ISO 15924 code}} | group11 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#J|J]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#K|K]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#L|L]] | list11 = * {{tl|R from Java package name}} * {{tl|R to joint biography}} * {{tl|R from journal}} * {{tl|R from alternative language}} * {{tl|R from legislation}} * {{tl|R from less specific name}} * {{tl|R from letter–word combination}} * {{tl|R from ligature}} * {{tl|R to ligature}} * {{tl|R to list entry}} * {{tl|R from list topic}} * {{tl|R from London bus route}} * {{tl|R from London place name}} * {{tl|R from long name}} * {{tl|R from lyric}} | group12 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#M|M]] | list12 = * {{tl|R to main namespace}} * {{tl|R from manufacturer's designation}} * {{tl|R from married name}} * {{tl|R from mathematical expression}} * {{tl|R from member}} * {{tl|R from meme}} * {{tl|R mentioned in hatnote}} * {{tl|R from merge}} * {{tl|R from file metadata link}} * {{tl|R from military designation}} * {{tl|R from alternative military designation}} * {{tl|R from variant military designation}} * {{tl|R from miscapitalisation}} * {{tl|R from misspelling}} * {{tl|R from modification}} * {{tl|R from mojibake}} * {{tl|R from monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R to monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R from more specific name}} * {{tl|R from more specific geographic name}} * {{tl|R from move}} | group13 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#N|N]] | list13 = * {{tl|R from former name}} * {{tl|R from name and country}} * {{tl|R from name with title}} * {{tl|R to name with title}} * {{tl|R comics naming convention}} * {{tl|R from natural disambiguation}} * {{tl|R to natural disambiguation}} * {{tl|R from non-neutral name}} * {{tl|R from CAS Registry Number}} * {{tl|R from E number}} * {{tl|R from EC number}} * {{tl|R from numerals}} * {{tl|R to numerals}} * {{tl|R from numeronym}} * {{tl|R from NYC bus route}} | group14 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#O|O]] | list14 = * {{tl|R with old history}} * {{tl|R from other capitalisation}} * {{tl|R from other disambiguation}} | group15 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#P|P]] | list15 = * {{tl|R from person}} * {{tl|R from personal name}} * {{tl|R from phrase}} * {{tl|R plant with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from plural}} * {{tl|R to plural}} * {{tl|R to portal namespace}} * {{tl|R from portmanteau}} * {{tl|R with possibilities}} * {{tl|R category with possibilities}} * {{tl|R plant with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from US postal abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from postal code}} * {{tl|R from UK postcode}} * {{tl|R from predecessor company name}} * {{tl|R from predictable disambiguation}} * {{tl|R printworthy}} * {{tl|R from product name}} * {{tl|R to project namespace}} * {{tl|R from proper noun}} * {{tl|R protected}} * {{tl|R protected/excon}} * {{tl|R protected/full}} * {{tl|R protected/semi}} * {{tl|R protected/template}} * {{tl|R from pseudonym}} | group16 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Q|Q]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#R|R]] | list16 = * {{tl|R from quotation}} * {{tl|R from radio frequency}} * {{tl|R from radio program}} * {{tl|R from railroad name with ampersand}} * {{tl|R to redirect template}} * {{tl|R to related topic}} * {{tl|R from related word}} * {{tl|R from relative}} * {{tl|R from remote talk page}} * {{tl|R from reporting name}} * {{tl|R restricted}} * {{tl|R from RFC}} * {{tl|R from Wade–Giles romanization}} * {{tl|R from route number}} | group17 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#S|S]] | list17 = * {{tl|R from S2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from school}} * {{tl|R from scientific abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from scientific name}} * {{tl|R from alternative scientific name}} * {{tl|R to scientific name}} * {{tl|R from second-level domain}} * {{tl|R to section}} * {{tl|R protected/semi}} * {{tl|R from short name}} * {{tl|R from shortcut}} * {{tl|R from slogan}} * {{tl|R from song}} * {{tl|R from cover song}} * {{tl|R from sort name}} * {{tl|R from ambiguous sort name}} * {{tl|R from South Indian spelling}} * {{tl|R from species to genus}} * {{tl|R from more specific geographic name}} * {{tl|R from less specific name}} * {{tl|R from more specific name}} * {{tl|R to sports league}} * {{tl|R from spouse}} * {{tl|R from stock symbol}} * {{tl|R to stub template}} * {{tl|R from stylization}} * {{tl|R from subpage}} * {{tl|R to subpage}} * {{tl|R from subsidiary}} * {{tl|R from subsidiary title}} * {{tl|R from subtopic}} * {{tl|R to subtopic}} * {{tl|R from surname}} * {{tl|R from former Swiss municipality}} * {{tl|R to Swiss municipality 2L}} * {{tl|R to Swiss municipality (canton)}} * {{tl|R to Swiss municipality (, Switzerland)}} * {{tl|R from symbol}} * {{tl|R from gene symbol}} * {{tl|R from mathematical expression}} * {{tl|R from stock symbol}} * {{tl|R from E2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from H2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from S2 symmetry}} * {{tl|R from synonym}} * {{tl|R from systematic abbreviation}} * {{tl|R from systematic name}} * {{tl|R to systematic name}} | group18 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#T|T]] | list18 = * {{tl|R from remote talk page}} * {{tl|R to talk page}} * {{tl|R taxon with possibilities}} * {{tl|R from monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R to monotypic taxon}} * {{tl|R from team}} * {{tl|R from technical name}} * {{tl|R to technical name}} * {{tl|R from telephone number}} * {{tl|R to template namespace}} * {{tl|R protected/template}} * {{tl|R from name with title}} * {{tl|R to name with title}} * {{tl|R from list topic}} * {{tl|R from top-level domain}} * {{tl|R from trademark}} * {{tl|R from alternative translation}} * {{tl|R from alternative transliteration}} * {{tl|R from television episode}} * {{tl|R from X username}} | group19 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#U|U]] | list19 = * {{tl|R from UK postcode}} * {{tl|R from Unicode character}} * {{tl|R from Unicode code}} * {{tl|R from UN/LOCODE}} * {{tl|R from unnecessary disambiguation}} * {{tl|R unprintworthy}} * {{tl|R from upcoming film}} * {{tl|R to userbox}} * {{tl|R to user namespace}} * {{tl|R from US military aircraft designator}} * {{tl|R from US postal abbreviation}} | group20 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#V|V]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#W|W]] | list20 = * {{tl|R from variant military designation}} * {{tl|R from verb}} * {{tl|R from Wade–Giles romanization}} * {{tl|R to warning template}} * {{tl|R from Western name}} * {{tl|R with Wikidata item}} * {{tl|R from letter–word combination}} * {{tl|R from work}} * {{tl|R from writer}} | group21 = [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#X|X]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Y|Y]]–[[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Z|Z]] | list21 = * {{tl|R from year}} }} | belowstyle = font-weight:bold; | below = * {{#invoke:Icon|main|RED}} [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#Alphanumeric listing|Complete alphanumeric index]] ** for the full list of rcat templates * {{#invoke:Icon|main|Category}} [[:Category:Redirect templates|Category]] * {{#invoke:Icon|main|WIKIPROJECT}} [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Redirect|WikiProject Redirect]] * {{#invoke:Icon|main|wikipedia}} [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|Categorizing redirects]] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> a1eyqddy9bgnaxatovshqjlnwtavvue 10 24482 121468 98669 2025-12-18T02:05:20Z en>Helpful Raccoon 0 remove historical page 121468 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Notice |style=margin-bottom:1.5em; |1=<span style="font-size:large;">Please do not post your requests or questions on this page. If you have questions about using Wikipedia, please ask at the '''[[Wikipedia:Help desk|Help&nbsp;desk]]''' or the '''[[Wikipedia:Teahouse|Teahouse]]'''. For questions about subjects and topics, please use the '''[[Wikipedia:Reference desk|Reference Desk]]'''. Volunteers at those locations will respond to your questions as soon as possible.</span>}}</noinclude><!-- -->{{Sidebar with collapsible lists | name = Linking and page manipulation | templatestyles = Linking and page manipulation/styles.css | class = hlist linking-and-page-manipulation | centered list titles = y | title = [[Wikipedia:Integrate|Linking and<br/>page manipulation]] | titlestyle = {{{titlestyle|}}} | child templatestyles = {{{child templatestyles|}}} | expanded = {{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}} | list1title = Linking and diffs | list1name = linking and diffs | list1 = * [[Help:URL|URLs]] * [[Help:Link|Links]] * [[Wikipedia:Orphan|Orphans]] * [[Help:Interlanguage links|Interlanguage links]] * [[Help:Interwiki linking|Interwiki linking]] * [[Wikipedia:Shortcut|Shortcuts]] * [[Wikipedia:External links|External links]] ** [[Help:External link icons|External link icons]] ** [[Help:Plainlinks|Plainlinks]] * [[Help:Link color|Link color]] * [[Help:Colon trick|Colon trick]] * [[Help:Pipe trick|Pipe trick]] * [[Help:Self link|Self links]] * [[Help:What links here|What links here]] * [[Help:Linksearch|Linksearch]] * [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|Manual of Style on linking]] * [[Wikipedia:Navigation template|Navigation templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Hatnote|Hatnotes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Links|Template index for links]] <!-- new line space below--> * [[Help:Diff|Diffs]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide|Simplest diff guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide|Simple diff and link guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide|Complete diff and link guide]] | list2title = Categorization | list2name = categorization | list2 = * [[Help:Category|Category]] * [[Wikipedia:Categorization|Categorization guideline]] * [[Wikipedia:Classification|Classification]] * [[Wikipedia:Container category|Container category]] * [[Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization|FAQ for categorization]] * [[Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories|FAQ for categories]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates|Categories, lists, and navigation templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Categorizing articles about people|Categorizing articles about people]] ** [[Wikipedia:People by year|By year]] * [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|Redirect categories]] * [[Wikipedia:User categories|User categories]] * [[Wikipedia:Overcategorization|Overcategorization]] ** [[Wikipedia:Overcategorization/User categories|User categories]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace|Template index for categories]] | list3title = Moving and redirecting | list3name = moving and redirecting | list3 = * [[Help:How to move a page|How to move a page for beginners]] * [[Wikipedia:Redirect|Redirects]] * [[Wikipedia:Moving a page|Moving a page]] * [[Wikipedia:Requested moves|Requested moves]] * [[Wikipedia:Administrators' guide/Fixing cut-and-paste moves|How to fix cut-and-paste moves]] * [[Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons|Moving files to Commons]] * [[Wikipedia:Userfication|Userfication]] * [[Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"|Non-admin and admin-only moves]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Moving|Template index for moving]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages|Template index for redirects]] | list4title = Merging | list4name = merging | list4 = * [[Wikipedia:Merging|Merging]] * [[Wikipedia:Proposed article mergers|Proposed article mergers]] * [[Wikipedia:Requests for history merge|Requests for history merge]] * [[Wikipedia:Merge and delete|Merge and delete?]] * [[Wikipedia:Merge what?|Merge what?]] * [[Wikipedia:Delete or merge|Delete or merge?]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Merging|Template index for merging]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Merge|WikiProject Merge]] | list5title = Splitting | list5name = splitting | list5 = * [[Wikipedia:Splitting|Splitting]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Splitting|Template index for splitting]] | list6title = Importing and copying | list6name = importing and copying | list6 = * [[Wikipedia:Requests for page importation|Requests for page importation]] * [[Help:Import|Import]] * [[Help:Export|Export]] * [[Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia|Copying within Wikipedia]] | list7title = Protecting | list7name = protecting | list7 = * [[Help:Protection|Protection]] * [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|Protection policy]] * [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|Requests for page protection]] * [[Wikipedia:Rough guide to semi-protection|Rough guide to semi-protection]] | list8title = Additional | list8name = See also | list8 = * [[Wikipedia:How to create a page|How to create a page]] * [[Help:Your first article|Your first article]] * [[Help:Editing|Editing]] * [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|Deletion process]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD THIS TEMPLATE'S CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 6vrr7ziujl3yx5ina8me5qp60fvabev 121469 121468 2026-09-04T22:17:41Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Linking_and_page_manipulation]] 121468 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Notice |style=margin-bottom:1.5em; |1=<span style="font-size:large;">Please do not post your requests or questions on this page. If you have questions about using Wikipedia, please ask at the '''[[Wikipedia:Help desk|Help&nbsp;desk]]''' or the '''[[Wikipedia:Teahouse|Teahouse]]'''. For questions about subjects and topics, please use the '''[[Wikipedia:Reference desk|Reference Desk]]'''. Volunteers at those locations will respond to your questions as soon as possible.</span>}}</noinclude><!-- -->{{Sidebar with collapsible lists | name = Linking and page manipulation | templatestyles = Linking and page manipulation/styles.css | class = hlist linking-and-page-manipulation | centered list titles = y | title = [[Wikipedia:Integrate|Linking and<br/>page manipulation]] | titlestyle = {{{titlestyle|}}} | child templatestyles = {{{child templatestyles|}}} | expanded = {{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}} | list1title = Linking and diffs | list1name = linking and diffs | list1 = * [[Help:URL|URLs]] * [[Help:Link|Links]] * [[Wikipedia:Orphan|Orphans]] * [[Help:Interlanguage links|Interlanguage links]] * [[Help:Interwiki linking|Interwiki linking]] * [[Wikipedia:Shortcut|Shortcuts]] * [[Wikipedia:External links|External links]] ** [[Help:External link icons|External link icons]] ** [[Help:Plainlinks|Plainlinks]] * [[Help:Link color|Link color]] * [[Help:Colon trick|Colon trick]] * [[Help:Pipe trick|Pipe trick]] * [[Help:Self link|Self links]] * [[Help:What links here|What links here]] * [[Help:Linksearch|Linksearch]] * [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|Manual of Style on linking]] * [[Wikipedia:Navigation template|Navigation templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Hatnote|Hatnotes]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Links|Template index for links]] <!-- new line space below--> * [[Help:Diff|Diffs]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide|Simplest diff guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide|Simple diff and link guide]] ** [[Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide|Complete diff and link guide]] | list2title = Categorization | list2name = categorization | list2 = * [[Help:Category|Category]] * [[Wikipedia:Categorization|Categorization guideline]] * [[Wikipedia:Classification|Classification]] * [[Wikipedia:Container category|Container category]] * [[Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization|FAQ for categorization]] * [[Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories|FAQ for categories]] * [[Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates|Categories, lists, and navigation templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Categorizing articles about people|Categorizing articles about people]] ** [[Wikipedia:People by year|By year]] * [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|Redirect categories]] * [[Wikipedia:User categories|User categories]] * [[Wikipedia:Overcategorization|Overcategorization]] ** [[Wikipedia:Overcategorization/User categories|User categories]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace|Template index for categories]] | list3title = Moving and redirecting | list3name = moving and redirecting | list3 = * [[Help:How to move a page|How to move a page for beginners]] * [[Wikipedia:Redirect|Redirects]] * [[Wikipedia:Moving a page|Moving a page]] * [[Wikipedia:Requested moves|Requested moves]] * [[Wikipedia:Administrators' guide/Fixing cut-and-paste moves|How to fix cut-and-paste moves]] * [[Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons|Moving files to Commons]] * [[Wikipedia:Userfication|Userfication]] * [[Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"|Non-admin and admin-only moves]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Moving|Template index for moving]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages|Template index for redirects]] | list4title = Merging | list4name = merging | list4 = * [[Wikipedia:Merging|Merging]] * [[Wikipedia:Proposed article mergers|Proposed article mergers]] * [[Wikipedia:Requests for history merge|Requests for history merge]] * [[Wikipedia:Merge and delete|Merge and delete?]] * [[Wikipedia:Merge what?|Merge what?]] * [[Wikipedia:Delete or merge|Delete or merge?]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Merging|Template index for merging]] * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Merge|WikiProject Merge]] | list5title = Splitting | list5name = splitting | list5 = * [[Wikipedia:Splitting|Splitting]] * [[Wikipedia:Template index/Splitting|Template index for splitting]] | list6title = Importing and copying | list6name = importing and copying | list6 = * [[Wikipedia:Requests for page importation|Requests for page importation]] * [[Help:Import|Import]] * [[Help:Export|Export]] * [[Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia|Copying within Wikipedia]] | list7title = Protecting | list7name = protecting | list7 = * [[Help:Protection|Protection]] * [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|Protection policy]] * [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk templates]] * [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|Requests for page protection]] * [[Wikipedia:Rough guide to semi-protection|Rough guide to semi-protection]] | list8title = Additional | list8name = See also | list8 = * [[Wikipedia:How to create a page|How to create a page]] * [[Help:Your first article|Your first article]] * [[Help:Editing|Editing]] * [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|Deletion process]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD THIS TEMPLATE'S CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 6vrr7ziujl3yx5ina8me5qp60fvabev 10 25108 121183 69770 2025-11-04T11:40:16Z en>Paine Ellsworth 0 add [[WP:RCAT|rcat 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The last statement should've said, "the boolean conditions for 'auto' and 'nocat' now consistently default to "no" when set to a non-true string. 121169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst|main|$B= {{Ombox | style = text-align: center; | name = Subst only | type = notice | text = This template <strong>{{#switch:{{lc:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}}}|can|may={{lc:{{{yesnomaybe}}}}} be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> by using <!-- --><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tls|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{Tlsu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong><!-- -->|not|never=should <em>{{lc:{{{yesnomaybe}}}}}</em> be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> – use <!-- --><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tl|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{Tlu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong><!-- -->|#default=should <em>always</em> be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> – use <!-- --><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tls|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default=<includeonly>{{PAGENAME}}</includeonly><noinclude>Example</noinclude>}}}}|{{Tlsu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong>}}. <!-- -->{{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{auto|}}}}}|yes|{{#switch:{{lc:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}}}|can|may|not|never=|#default=Any accidental transclusions will be automatically substituted by a bot.{{{1|}}}{{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{nocat|<noinclude>true</noinclude>}}}}}|yes|<!--no categorization-->|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox=|#default=[[Category:Wikipedia templates to be automatically substituted]]}}}}}}}} <!-- -->{{#if:{{{alt|}}}|{{#switch:{{lc:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}}}|can|may|not|never=|#default={{#ifeq:{{{auto|}}}|yes|<br/>}}For [[Help:Transclusion|transclusion]], use <strong>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE:{{{alt}}}}}|Template|&#123;&#123;[[{{{alt}}}|{{PAGENAME:{{{alt}}}}}]]&#125;&#125;|{{Tlg|{{{alt}}}}}}}</strong> instead.}}}} }}{{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{nocat|<noinclude>true</noinclude>}}}}}|yes|<!--no categorization-->|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox=|#default={{#switch:{{lc:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}}} |not|never=[[Category:Wikipedia never-substituted templates]] |can|may=<!--No applicable category--> |#default=[[Category:Wikipedia substituted templates]]{{#ifexpr: 0{{Find page text |text=<!%-%- *{{NAMESPACE}}:[{{lc:{{str left|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}}}}{{uc:{{str left|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}}}}]{{str right|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}} *%-%-> |title={{FULLPAGENAME}} |plain=f}} > 0 | [[Category:Templates with matching hidden id]]}} }}}}}}}}<includeonly>__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 97ot5yef1a57x458n4y84wnemwq1wo3 121170 121169 2026-09-04T22:10:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Always_substitute]] 121169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst|main|$B= {{Ombox | style = text-align: center; 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Charu ichi chikaŵa chigaŵa cha [[Germany|German]] East Africa kufuma mu 1880 m'paka mu 1919 apo chikaŵa pasi pa League of Nations. Mu nyengo ya Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose, msumba uwu ndiwo ukaŵa malo ghakuliskako ŵasilikari ŵa Britain, ndipo ŵakapelekanga ndalama, vilwero, na ŵasilikari. Mu 1947, charu cha Tanganyika chikaŵa pasi pa boma la Britain, ndipo chikalutilira kulamulira m'paka apo chikapokera wanangwa mu 1961. Chirwa cha Zanzibar chikaŵa malo ghakwendeskera malonda, ndipo pamanyuma pake Ŵapwitikizi ŵakamba kulamulira charu cha Oman. [[Julius Nyerere]], mulongozgi wa wanangwa na "baba wa taifa" wa Tanganyika (baba wa mtundu wa Tanganyika), wakawusa chalo kwa virimika vinandi, apo Abeid Amaan Karume, wakawusa Zanzibar nga ni president na vice president wa United Republic of Tanzania. Nyerere wakati wafumapo pa udindo mu 1985, vinthu vikasintha pa ndyali na vyachuma. Wakasoleka na Pulezidenti Ali Hassan Mwinyi. == Nkhani za mu nyengo yakale == === Nyengo Yakwambilira ya Malibwe === [[File:OlduvaiGorge TZ MWegmann2012.jpg|thumb|right|Malo gha Olduvai Gorge agho ghakumanyikwaso kuti "Malo gha ŵanthu"]] [[File:Mary Douglas Nicol Leakey (1913-1996) and her husband Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey (1903-1972).jpg|thumb|right|Louis and Mary Leakey]] Ku Tanzania kuli malo ghanyake ghakale comene agho ŵasayansi ŵakasanga. Vinthu vyakale chomene ivyo ŵanthu ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito na viswaswa vikusangika mu Olduvai Gorge, kumpoto kwa Tanzania. Mu 1931, Louis Leakey wakabowozga kuti malibwe agho Hans Reck wakiza nagho ku Germany kufuma ku Olduvai mu 1913 ni malibwe. Mu chaka chenechicho, Louis Leakey wakasanga vinthu vyakale chomene mu Olduvai Gorge. Ivi ndivyo vikaŵa viyelezgero vyakwamba vya vinthu vyakale chomene ivyo ŵanthu ŵakavumbura mu Afilika, ndipo pamasinda vikamanyikwa pa charu chose chapasi kuti Oldowan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.efossils.org/site/olduvai|title=Olduvai - eFossils Resources|first=The University of Texas at Austin, Department of|last=Anthropology|website=www.efossils.org|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> === Nyengo ya Malibwe === Mu mphanji ya Mumba, kumpoto kwa Tanzania muli vinthu vya mu nyengo ya pakati pa nyengo ya malibwe (MSA) m'paka mu nyengo yaumaliro ya malibwe (LSA). Mu nyengo iyi, ŵasayansi ŵanandi ŵakumanya umo ŵanthu ŵakugwilira ntchito mazuŵa ghano.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000-11-01|title=The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/06021515512fc56b41e0b766c92598ee722068de|journal=Journal of Human Evolution|language=en|volume=39|issue=5|pages=453–563|doi=10.1006/jhev.2000.0435|pmid=11102266|issn=0047-2484|last1=McBrearty|first1=Sally|last2=Brooks|first2=Alison S.|s2cid=42968840}}</ref> === Nyengo Yakunthazi ya Malibwe na Nyengo ya Malibwe === Vyaka pafupifupi 10,000 kumasinda mu nyengo ya malibwe, ŵanthu ŵakagomezganga kuti mu Tanzania mukaŵa ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga na ŵanthu awo ŵakakoperanga. Pakati pa vilimika 4,000 na 3,000 ivyo vyajumpha, mu nyengo iyo yikumanyikwa kuti nyengo ya viŵeto, ŵaliska ŵa viŵeto awo ŵakendanga na ng'ombe, mberere, mbuzi, na mbunda ŵakiza ku Tanzania kufuma kumpoto.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lane|first=Paul J.|editor1-first=Peter|editor1-last=Mitchell|editor2-first=Paul J|editor2-last=Lane|date=2013-07-04|title=The Archaeology of Pastoralism and Stock-Keeping in East Africa|journal=The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology|url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199569885.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199569885-e-40|language=en|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199569885.001.0001|isbn=9780199569885}}</ref> Ŵanthu ŵa ku Savanna Pastoral Neolithic (awo ŵanthu ŵawo ŵakwenera kuti ŵakayowoyanga chiyowoyero cha ku Southern Cushitic) na Elmenteitan (awo ŵanthu ŵawo ŵakwenera kuti ŵakayowoyanga chiyowoyero cha ku Southern Nilotic) ndiwo ŵakamanyikwa. Luxmanda ni malo ghakurughakuru comene na ghakumwera comene agho ghakumanyikwa na ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Grillo|first1=Katherine|last2=Prendergast|first2=Mary|display-authors=etal|date=2018|title=Pastoral Neolithic settlement at Luxmanda, Tanzania|journal=Journal of Field Archaeology|volume=43|issue=2|pages=102–120|doi=10.1080/00934690.2018.1431476|s2cid=135287460|url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01783062/file/Grillo%20et%20al%20Journal%20of%20Field%20Archaeology%202018.pdf}}</ref> === Nyengo ya Chitsulo === Pafupifupi vyaka 2000 ivyo vyajumpha, ŵanthu awo ŵakayowoyanga Chibantu ŵakamba kufuma ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Afilika. Magulu agha ghakaŵa na maluso ghakunozga visulo, ulimi, na fundo ziphya zakukhwaskana na ndyali. Ŵakapokeleraso ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Kushiti awo ŵakakhalako pambere iwo ŵandababike, kweniso ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakayowoyanga Chikhoisan. Nyengo yikati yajumphapo, ŵaliska ŵa viŵeto ŵa ku Nile ŵakafika mu chigaŵa ichi, ndipo ŵakalutilira kwiza m'paka mu ma 1800.<ref name="O'Meara">{{Cite book | last1 = Martin | first1 = Phyllis | last2 = O'Meara | first2 = Patrick | author-link2 = Patrick O'Meara | title = Africa | publisher = [[Indiana University Press]] | year = 1995 | isbn = 978-0-253-20984-9 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/africa00mart }}</ref> Yumoza mwa malo ghakuzirwa comene gha ku Tanzania agho ghakusangika mu nyengo ya Iron Age ni Engaruka mu Great Rift Valley, uko kuli ulimi na ulimi. == Mbiri Yakwambilira ya Mphepete mwa Nyanja == Ŵalendo na ŵamalonda ŵakufuma ku Persian Gulf na Western [[India]] ŵakendanga mu vyaru vya ku East Africa kwambira mu vyaka vya m'ma 1000 C.E. Malemba gha Cigiriki nga ni Periplus of the Erythraean Sea na Ptolemy's Geography ghakalongosora vya misika iyo yikaŵa mumphepete mwa nyanja. Vinthu ivyo vikusangika mu nyengo ya Ŵaroma vikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakaguliskanga vinthu, ndipo buku la Ptolemy's Geography likuti msumba wa Rhapta ukaŵa msumba wa ndyali. Ŵakufukura vinthu vyakale ŵandamanye uko kukaŵa msumba wa Rhapta, nangauli ŵanandi ŵakugomezga kuti ukaŵa pasi pa maji gha mu Mlonga wa Rufiji. Pa mabuku ghakale agha pakaŵavya nkhani zinandi izo zikulongosora vya malo agha. Vinthu vinyake ivyo vikukhala mu matawuni agha vikulongora kuti ghakafuma ku ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha. Ndipo ciyowoyero ico ŵakayowoyanga, Ciswahili (ico sono ni ciyowoyero ca caru cose ca ku Tanzania), nchimoza mwa viyowoyero vya ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ivyo vikamba kucitika kumpoto kwa [[Kenya]] pambere Ŵaarabu ŵandambe kuŵapo mu cigaŵa ici. Pakwamba kwa vyaka vya m'ma 1000 C.E., matawuni gha Chiswahili ghakachitanga malonda ghanandi chomene ndipo ghakakumananga na ŵanthu ŵa ku Afilika awo ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vya mukati na awo ŵakaguliskanga nawo mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean. Kufuma cha m'ma 1200 m'paka 1500 C.E., tawuni ya Kilwa Kisiwani (Kilwa), ku mphepete mwa nyanja ya kumwera kwa Tanzania, yikaŵa yikusambazi comene na yankhongono comene pa tawuni izi. Kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1400, Ibn Battuta, uyo wakaŵa mulendo wa ku North Africa, wakaluta ku Kilwa ndipo wakati ni msumba uwemi chomene pa charu chose. Chisilamu chikamba kugwira ntchito ku Swahili mu vyaka vya m'ma 800 panji 900 C.E.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Society|url=https://archive.org/details/swahilisociallan0000hort|last1=Horton|first1=Mark|last2=Middleton|first2=John|publisher=Wiley|year=2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Swahili: Reconstructing the History and Language of an African Society, 800-1500|url=https://archive.org/details/swahilireconstru0000nurs|last1=Nurse|first1=Derek|last2=Spear|first2=Thomas|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=1985}}</ref> Mu 1498, Vasco da Gama, uyo wakafuma ku Portugal, ndiyo wakaŵa munthu wakwamba wa ku [[Europe]] kufika ku Afilika.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Walker | first = Eric | title = The Cambridge History of the British Empire | publisher = [[Cambridge University Press|CUP Archive]] | year = 1940 | pages = 85 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ISg9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA85}}</ref> Mu 1505 Ŵapwitikizi ŵakapoka cirwa ca Zanzibar.<ref name="Notholt">{{Cite book | last = Notholt | first = Stuart | title = Fields of Fire: An Atlas of Ethnic Conflict | publisher = Troubador Publishing | year = 2008 | pages = 2.52 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=E7cNWmXFrNMC&pg=SA2-PA52 | isbn =978-1-906510-47-3}}</ref> Ŵapwitikizi ŵakalutilira kuwusa mpaka mu ma 1800, apo Ŵaarabu ŵa ku Oman ŵakamba kukhala mu chigaŵa ichi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Oman awo ŵakakhalanga mumphepete mwa nyanja ŵakathereska Ŵapwitikizi kumpoto kwa mlonga wa Ruvuma. Pakukhumba malo agha, Sultan Seyyid Said wa ku Oman wakasamuskira msumba wake ukuru ku msumba wa Zanzibar mu 1840.<ref name="Notholt"/> Wakafika pa chirwa ichi na kupanga nthowa zakwendakwenda izo zikendanga m'paka ku Nyanja ya Tanganyika na Central Africa. Mu nyengo iyi, Zanzibar yikazgoka malo ghakurughakuru gha malonda gha ŵazga mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean. Chifukwa cha muwuso wa Ŵaarabu na Ŵaperesiya, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Europe ŵakatondeka kupulikiska umo ŵanthu ŵa ku Swahili ŵakakhalira. Ndipouli, mu vyaka 40 ivyo vyajumpha, ŵanthu ŵakamba kuleka kupulikiska makora chiyowoyero ichi chifukwa ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakumanya kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Swahili ŵali kufuma ku Afilika.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.swahilihub.com/JifunzeKiswahili/-/1306806/1333292/-/jbyx02z/-/index.html |title = History and Origin of Swahili - Jifunze Kiswahili |access-date = 27 July 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160621021817/http://www.swahilihub.com/JifunzeKiswahili/-/1306806/1333292/-/jbyx02z/-/index.html |archive-date = 21 June 2016 |url-status = dead }}</ref> == Tanganyika (1850–1890) == Charu cha Tanganyika chikaŵa na malo na ndyali zinandi chomene, kweni chikaŵako yayi pambere Ufumu wa Wupu Wakulongozga undafike. Ntheura, ico cikuyowoyeka apa ni mbiri ya cigaŵa ico cikeneranga kuzgoka Tanzania. Chigaŵa chinyake cha chigaŵa cha Great Lakes, ndiko kuti, kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Victoria, chikaŵa na maufumu ghachoko waka, chomenechomene Karagwe na Buzinza, agho ghakaŵa pasi pa mazaza gha vyaru vyapafupi nga ni Rwanda, Burundi, na Buganda. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakamba kusanda malo agha pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 1800. Mu 1848, mishonale wa ku Germany, Johannes Rebmann, wakaŵa munthu wakwamba wa ku Europe kuwona Phiri la Kilimanjaro.<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Raum | first1 = Otto Friedrich | last2 = Moore | first2 = Sally Falk | title=Chaga Childhood: A Description of Indigenous Education in an East African Tribe | publisher=LIT Verlag Berlin-Hamburg-Münster | year=1996 | page=xvi | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KUaKD0LI4QAC&pg=PR16 | isbn = 978-3-89473-874-7 }}</ref> Richard Burton na John Speke, awo ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵa ku Britain, ŵakambukira ku Nyanja ya Tanganyika mu Juni 1857.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Wright | first = Thomas | title = The Life of Sir Richard Burton | publisher = BiblioBazaar, LLC | year = 2008 | pages = 116–122 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=r3zYevarvTAC&pg=PA116 | isbn =978-0-554-22005-5 }}</ref> Mu Janyuwale 1866, David Livingstone, uyo wakaŵa mishonale wa ku Scotland, wakaluta ku Zanzibar kukapenja maji gha mu Mlonga wa Nayelo. Pamanyuma pakuti wakakhala vyaka vinandi kwambura kuyowoyeskana na ŵanthu ŵa kuwaro, ŵakamusanga pa Novembala 10, 1871. Henry Morton Stanley, uyo wakatumika na nyuzipepara ya New York Herald kuti wamusange, wakamutawuzga na mazgu ghakumanyikwa comene ghakuti: "Dr. Livingstone, kasi?" Mu 1877, gulu lakwamba la ŵanthu ŵa ku Belgium ŵakiza ku Zanzibar. Mu 1879, ŵakazenga siteshoni ku Kigoma kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika. Masiteshoni ghose ghaŵiri agha ghakazengeka na zina la Comite D'Etudes Du Haut Congo, gulu ilo likaŵa lakwamba la Congo Free State. Mu 1884, boma la Germany likamba kukolerana na vyaru vinyake.<ref name="Modern">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m0dalboHfXgC|title=A Modern History of Tanganyika|first=John|last=Iliffe|date=10 May 1979|publisher=Cambridge University Press|access-date=5 April 2018|via=Google Books|isbn=9780521296113}}</ref>{{rp|page 90}} Karl Peters, uyo wakambiska wupu wakucemeka Society for German Colonization, wakacita mapangano ghanandi agho ghakazomerezganga ŵalongozgi ŵa mafuko kuti ŵagaŵire malo ku ŵanthu aŵa.<ref name="Modern"/>{{rp|page 90}} Mu 1885, boma la Fumu Otto von Bismarck likapeleka civikiliro ku kampani ya German East Africa Company iyo yikapangika na Peters.{{rp|page 90}} Pa ungano wa ku Berlin mu 1885, boma la Belgium likakondwa comene cifukwa ca umo boma la Kigoma likakhazikiskikira na kupelekera vyakurya kufuma ku Zanzibar na Bagamoyo. Kuyana na umo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakughanaghanira, pa ungano wa ku Berlin, caru ca Afilika cikagaŵikana yayi, kweni ŵakawoneseska kuti maboma gha vyaru vinyake na maboma ghanyake gha vyaru vinyake ghaŵe na malango ghakwendeskera vinthu. Apo ŵa ku Belgium ŵakamba kutemwa chomene Mlonga wa Congo, ŵa ku Britain na Germany ŵakamba kutemwa chomene vyaru vya kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Afilika ndipo mu 1886 ŵakagaŵikana chigaŵa cha East Afilika. Nyengo yikati yajumphapo, boma la Congo Free State likapeleka ku Germany chigaŵa cha Kigoma (malo ghake ghakale chomene mu Central Africa) na chigaŵa chilichose cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika. == German East Africa == {{Main|German East Africa}}Ŵakaleka kulimbana na Ŵachijeremani mu vigaŵa vya mukati, ndipo ŵakamba kwambaso kuwungana mu German East Africa. Ŵakalutilira kucita nkhaza na mazaza ghawo kwambura kuzirwiska malango na mitheto ya uko ŵakakhalanga. Apo boma la Germany likapelekanga vyakurya, njanji, na misewu ku Tanganyika, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakasuskanga ŵanthu ŵa ku Afilika. Pakati pa 1891 na 1894, ŵanthu ŵa Hehe awo ŵakalongozgekanga na Chief Mkwawa ŵakalimbana na Ŵachijeremani. Pamanyuma pa nkhondo ya ŵasilikari, Mkwawa wakajikoma mu 1898. === Kulimbana na Maji Maji === {{Main|Maji Maji Rebellion}} Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakwiya, ndipo mu 1902, ŵakamba kulimbana na ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵachichizganga kugwira ntchito za wuzga. Nkhondo iyi yikamara mu Julayi 1905 apo Matumbi ŵa ku Nandete ŵakalongozgeka na Kinjikitile Ngwale ŵakagalukira ŵamazaza ŵa ku malo agha (akida) ndipo mwamabuci ŵakamba kusanuzgika kufuma ku Dar Es Salaam kuya ku mapiri gha Uluguru, Kilombero Valley, Mahenge na Makonde plateaus, Ruvuma mu chigaŵa chakumwera chomene na Kilwa, Songea, Masasi, na kufuma ku Kilosa kuya ku Iringa mpaka ku mafumiro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Nyasa. Kuwukira uku kukafika pachanya mu nyengo ya Maji Maji mu 1905-1907. Nkhondo iyi yikati yamara, ŵanthu pafupifupi 300,000 ŵa ku Afilika ŵakafwa na njara. Kafukufuku wakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakasuzgikanga comene cifukwa ca mitheto yawo. Ŵachijeremani ŵakakhalira mu malo agha kwambira mu 1897 ndipo ŵakasintha comene umoyo wa ŵanthu. Ŵamishonale ŵakaŵawovwira comene ndipo ŵakayezga kuti ŵaparanyirethu visambizgo vya ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha, comenecomene ŵakawotcha nyumba za mahoka uko ŵanthu ŵakasopanga mizimu ya ŵasekuru ŵawo. Ici cikaŵa cambura kuluwika panji kugowokereka; nkhondo yakwamba iyo yikacitika pa Uwereka mu Seputembala 1905 pasi pa muwuso wa Count Gustav Adolf von Götzen, nyengo yeneyiyo yikasintha kuŵa nkhondo yikuru comene na kukoma ŵanthu kwambura kupambaniska na kukoma ŵanthu ŵanandi pa vigaŵa vyose. Nkhondo iyi yikamanyikwa kuti Nkhondo ya Maji-Maji, ndipo ŵanthu ŵa ku Ngoni ndiwo ŵakathereskeka comene. === Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose === {{Main|East African Campaign (World War I)}} [[Image:Battle of tanga.jpg|thumb|200px|Nkhondo ya Tanga, yikacitika pakati pa Ŵanandi na Ŵachijeremani mu Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose]] Pambere nkhondo yindambe, caru ca German East Africa cikaŵa cakunozgeka kulimbana na cilicose ico cingacitika kwambura kunozgekera. Mu chaka chakwamba cha nkhondo, Ŵachijeremani ŵakaŵa ŵankhongono comene mwakuti ŵakamba kuwukira vigaŵa vya ŵazengezgani ŵawo. Mwaciyelezgero, kanandi ŵakasuzganga njanji za ku British East Africa. Nkhondo yikati yamba, ŵanthu ŵakamanyanga yayi umo ŵasilikari ŵa Germany ŵakaŵa ŵankhongono. Mulara wa ŵasilikari ŵa ku Britain, Jan Smuts, uyo wakadangiliranga ŵasilikari ŵa ku East Africa kwamba mu 1916, wakati ŵakaŵa Ŵachijeremani 2,000 na Ŵaaskari 16,000. Mu 1913, ŵanalume ŵambura kutengwa ŵakaŵapo 3,500 (panji kuti pakaŵavya ŵasilikari ŵa ku Germany). Kweniso, ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ici awo ŵakaŵa ŵakujumpha 7,000,000, ŵakaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi comene kuti ŵagwirenge nchito. "Palije cifukwa ca kukayikira kuti Ŵaciroma ŵakagwiliskira nchito comene vinthu ivi mu myezi pafupifupi 18 iyo yikajumphapo kufuma apo nkhondo yikambira mpaka apo ŵasilikari ŵakamba kuwukira caru cawo". Kweniso malo gha ku German East Africa ghakaŵa ghakusuzga chomene ku ŵasilikari ŵa Britain na ŵanyawo. Ku mumphepete mwa nyanja kukaŵa malo ghacoko waka ghakukwana ghakukhilirapo, ndipo kukaŵa vyakumera vinandi. Ku chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kukaŵa nyanja na mapiri ndipo ŵanthu ŵakasuzgikanga chomene. Ŵasilikari ŵa boma la Belgian Congo ŵakeneranga kujumpha mu Uganda. Kumwera, mlonga wa Ruvuma ukendanga pera. Ku mpoto, kukaŵa waka malo ghamoza agho ghakaŵa ghakukwana makilomita ghankhondi na ghatatu pakati pa mapiri gha Pare na Phiri la Kilimanjaro, ndipo kuno ŵasilikari ŵa Germany ŵakasunkhunyika kwa myezi 18..<ref name="Brown">{{cite web |title=South and East African Year Book and Guide for 1920, 26th issue |url=http://www.ntz.info/gen/b00628.html#id03489 |access-date=5 April 2018 |website=www.ntz.info |editor-last1=Samler Brown |editor-first1=A. |editor-last2=Gordon Brown |editor-first2=G.}}</ref> Mu 1914, caru ca Germany cikamba nkhondo mwa kuwukira msumba wa Tanga. Ŵasilikari ŵa Britain ŵakamba kuwukira tawuni iyi mu Novembala 1914, kweni ŵasilikari ŵa Jenerale Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck ŵakaŵathereska pa Nkhondo ya Tanga. Mu Janyuwale 1915, ŵasilikari ŵa boma la Britain ŵakanjira mu caru ca Mafia Island. Ndipouli, "ciwukirano ico cikacitikira ku Tanga na nkhondo zinandi zicoko comene izo zikalondezgana na ici, [vikalongora] nkhongono za... [Ŵasilikari ŵa Germany] ndipo vikalongora kuti pakwenera kuŵa ŵasilikari ŵankhongono comene pambere ŵandambe kupoka [Afirika Wakumafumiro gha Dazi kwa Germany]. Cinthu ca mtundu uwu cikeneranga kulindilira nyengo yiwemi pa nkhondo za ku Europe na kunyake. Kweni mu Julayi 1915, ŵasilikari ŵaumaliro ŵa Germany ŵakaluta ku Southwest. Ŵafrika ŵakajipeleka ndipo ŵasilikari awo ŵakakhumbikwiranga ŵakasangika". Ŵasilikari ŵa Britain kufuma kumpoto ca kumafumiro gha dazi na kumwera ca kumanjiliro gha dazi na ŵa Belgian kufuma kumpoto kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi ŵakamba kuwukira na kuthereska ŵasilikari ŵa Germany kwamba mu Janyuwale 1916. Mu Okutobala 1916, Jenerale Smuts wakalemba kuti: "Kupatulako ku Mahenge Plateau, [Ŵajeremani] ŵali kutaya cigaŵa cilicose ciwemi panji cakuzirwa ca malo ghawo.".<ref name="Brown"/> Cifukwa cakuti wakaŵa kutali na Germany, Jenerale Von Lettow wakalutilira kucita nkhondo ya nkhondo mu 1917. Mu Disembala, ŵasilikari ŵa Germany awo ŵakaŵa kuti ŵachalipo ŵakafumamo mu tawuni iyi na kwambuka Mlonga wa Ruvuma kuluta ku Mozambique. Ŵasilikari aŵa ŵakaŵa 320 na Askari 2,500. Mu myezi yinkhondi na umoza ya 1917, Ŵachijeremani 1,618 na Ŵaaskari 5,482 ŵakakomeka panji kukakika. Mu Novembala 1918, ŵasilikari ŵake ŵakakhalako ŵakajipeleka kufupi na ku Mbala, Zambia, ndipo ŵakaŵa na ŵanthu 155 ŵa ku Europe, 1,165 ŵa ku Askari, 2,294 ŵa ku Afilika, na ŵanakazi 819 ŵa ku Afilika.<ref name="Brown"/> Kuyana na phangano la ku Versailles, caru ca Germany cikapeleka malo ghake ghose agho ghakaŵa ku vyaru vinyake, kusazgapo German East Africa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://net.lib.byu.edu/~rdh7/wwi/versa/versa3.html|title=Peace Treaty of Versailles, Articles 118-158, German Rights and Interests Outside Germany|website=net.lib.byu.edu|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> Ŵasilikari 3,443 ŵa Britain ŵakafwa pa nkhondo, ndipo 6,558 ŵakafwa na matenda.<ref name="Modern"/>{{rp|page 246}} Chiŵelengero chakuyana na cha Belgium chikaŵa 683 na 1,300..<ref name="Modern"/>{{rp|page 246}} Ŵajeremani ŵakataya ŵanthu 734 ŵa ku Europe na 1,798 ŵa ku Afilika.<ref name="Modern"/>{{rp|page 246}} Ndondomeko ya Von Lettow ya kuwotcha caru na kupoka nyumba zikapangiska kuti boma lileke kusambizga ŵanthu, nangauli masukulu ghanyake ghakasungilira visambizgo. Mwakupambana na maboma gha ku Belgium, Britain, France, na Portugal, agho ghakaŵa ku Afilika, ku Germany kukaŵa masukulu ghakwamba, ghaciŵiri, na ghasono. Ŵasambizgi ŵakeneranga kuŵa na maluso, mabuku, na vinthu vinyake vyakusambizgira."<ref name="Miller">{{Cite book | last = Miller | first = Charles | author-link = Charles Miller (author) | title = Battle for the Bundu: the First World War in East Africa | url = https://archive.org/details/battleforbundufi00unse | location = New York| publisher = [[Macmillan Publishers]] | year = 1974 | page = [https://archive.org/details/battleforbundufi00unse/page/21 21] | isbn =978-0-02-584930-3}}</ref> Mu 1924, pati pajumpha vilimika 10 kufuma apo Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose yikambira ndiposo vilimika vinkhondi na cimoza kufuma apo Britain yikambira kuwusa, wupu wa Phelps-Stokes Commission wa ku America ukayowoya kuti: Pa nkhani ya masukulu, Ŵajeremani ŵacita vinthu vyakuzizwiska. Pakwenera kujumpha nyengo yitali pambere masambiro ghaleke kuŵa nga umo ghakaŵira mu nyengo ya Ŵachijeremani..<ref name="Miller"/> Kweni mu 1920, Dipatimenti ya Masambiro yikaŵa na mulara yumoza na ŵantchito ŵaŵiri, ndipo ndalama izo ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito zikaŵa zakukwana 1% ya ndalama za mu charu. == Boma la Britain pamanyuma pa Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose == In 1919, the population was estimated at 3,500,000. Mulara wakwamba wa boma la Britain pamanyuma pa Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose wakaŵa Sir Horace Archer Byatt CMG, uyo wakasankhika na Royal Commission pa 31 January 1919.<ref name="Microfilm">{{cite web| url = http://www.microform.co.uk/guides/R96996.pdf| title = "Introduction", ''Government Publications Relating to Tanganyika, 1919-1961'', authored by James S. Read, Microform Academic Publishers, 2006, accessed 1 November 2014}}</ref>{{rp|page 2}} Mu Janyuwale 1920, chigaŵa ichi chikapika zina lakuti Tanganyika Territory.<ref name="Modern"/>{{rp|page 247}}<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 3}}Mu Seputembala 1920, Dango la mu 1920 likakhazikiska mphaka za chigaŵa ichi, wupu wa Executive Council, na maofesi gha kazembe na mulara wa ŵasilikari..<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 2}} Kazembe wakapanganga malango mwakuyana na dango m'paka mu 1926.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 4}} Britain na Belgium ŵakasazga phangano lakukhwaskana na mphaka pakati pa Tanganyika na Ruanda-Urundi mu 1924.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/ibs069.pdf&ved=0CD0QFjAK&usg=AFQjCNGXATsA2TynZR-nfXFINvyANQRV1A&sig2=nCoqdUMIaQvihw7lNCeHbg|title=Protocol respecting the Boundary between Tanganyika Territory and the Belgian Mandated Territory of Ruanda–Urundi, Kigoma, 5 August 1924, "Burundi-Tanzania Border", International Boundary Study, United States Department of State, 16 May 1966|website=fsu.edu|access-date=5 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426224538/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/IBS069.pdf|archive-date=26 April 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The administration of the Territory continued to be carried out under the terms of the mandate until its transfer to the Trusteeship System under the Charter of the United Nations by the Trusteeship Agreement of 13 December 1946. === Boma la Britain likalongozganga ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha === Kazembe Byatt wakawovwira kuti maboma gha mu Afilika ghaŵeso na nkhongono. Wakazomerezga kuti mu 1922 mabungwe gha ndyali ghapangike nga ni African Civil Service Association ya ku Tanganyika Territory, iyo mu 1929 yikazgoka Tanganyika African Association ndipo pamasinda yikaŵa chigaŵa chikuru cha gulu la ndyali.<ref>{{Cite thesis|last=Mashaka|first=Riziki|date=August 2018|title=THE HISTORICAL INFORMATION OF TANZANIA (From Colonialism to Political independence)|publisher=University of Campinas|url=https://www.academia.edu/37297346|page=9}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=A paper, that under its "Refferences"[sic], includes "4. Googlesearch/http.www.historyoftanzania.com.wikipedia.". The text is also copied verbatim. The source is potentially one of the others cited in the paper?|date=March 2021}} Kuyana na malango gha mu 1923, ŵalongozgi ŵanyake awo ŵakamanyikwanga ŵakaŵa na mazaza ghachoko waka.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 6}} Sir Donald Cameron wakaŵa kazembe wa Tanganyika mu 1925.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 5}} "Mulimo wake... ukaŵa wakuzirwa comene pakusintha ndyali za boma, comenecomene pakuyezgayezga kukhazikiska ndondomeko ya 'Ulamuliri Wambura Kuŵa Wakudunjika' kwizira mu ŵamazaza ŵa cikaya".<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 5}} Wakasuskanga comene fundo za Kazembe Byatt zakukhwaskana na muwuso wambura kwenelera ''Native Administration Memorandum No. 1, Principles of Native Administration and their Application''.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 6}} Mu 1926, Wupu Wakulongozga ukaŵa na ŵanthu 7 (ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake) na ŵanthu 13 awo ŵakazomerezgekanga na boma.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|pages 4–5}} Mu 1945, ŵanthu ŵakwamba ŵa ku Afilika ŵakimikika mu wupu uwu.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 5}} Wupu uwu ukapangika mu 1948 pasi pa Kazembe Edward Twining, ndipo ukaŵa na ŵanthu 15 (7 ŵa ku Europe, 4 ŵa ku Afilika, na 4 ŵa ku India) kweniso ŵanthu 14 ŵa boma.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 9}} [[Julius Nyerere]] became one of the unofficial members in 1954.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 9}} Mu 1955, wupu uwu ukaŵaso na ŵanthu 44 (10 ŵa ku Europe, 10 ŵa ku Afilika, 10 ŵa ku India, na ŵimiliri 14 ŵa boma) kweniso ŵanthu 17 ŵa boma.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 9}} Mu 1929, Kazembe Cameron wakafumiska dango lakucemeka Native Courts Ordinance No. 5, ilo likawuskapo makhoti agha mu mawoko gha makhoti gha mu vyaru vinyake na kunozga nthowa yakuti kazembe ndiyo wapemphenge dankha.<ref name="Microfilm"/>{{rp|page 6}} === Kupanga njanji === Mu 1928, njanji ya Tabora na Mwanza yikajulika.<ref>{{cite report|title=XVIIth International Geographical Congress|publisher=International Geographical Union|year=1952}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Tanzania: A Political Economy|isbn=978-0-199-67996-6|page=107|last1=Coulson |first1=Andrew |date=25 July 2013 }}{{missing author|date=April 2023}}</ref> Mzere kuchokera ku Moshi mpaka ku Arusha unatsegulidwa mu 1930.<ref name="Modern"/>{{rp|page 136}} === Kalembera wa 1931 === Mu 1931, ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanganyika ŵakaŵa 5,022,640, kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵa ku Asia 32,398 na ŵa ku Europe 8,228. === Vyakuchita vya umoyo na masambiro === Mu nyengo ya ufumu wa Britain, ŵanthu ŵakamba kulimbana na nthenda ya tsetse fly (iyo yikwambiska nthenda ya African trypanosomiasis), maleriya na bilharziasis. Mu 1926, boma likapeleka wovwiri ku masukulu agho ghakacitiskikanga na ŵamishonale. Kweni mu 1935, bajeti ya vya masambiro mu charu chose cha Tanganyika yikaŵa madola 290,000 gha ku America pera. === Ndondomeko ya tirigu wa Tanganyika === Boma la Britain likaghanaghana vyakuti likure tirigu kuti lipeleke vyakurya ku Britain, uko kukaŵa nkhondo, kweniso ku Europe, uko ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru vyakupambanapambana ŵakalindiliranga kuti ŵathereske paumaliro wa Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose. Mulimi munyake wa ku America wa ku Tanganyika, zina lake Freddie Smith, ndiyo wakalaŵiliranga, ndipo David Gordon Hines ndiyo wakalaŵiliranga ndalama. Chigaŵa ichi chikaŵa na malo ghakukwana 50,000 acres (202 km2) mu vidika vya Ardai kufupi na Arusha; 25,000 acres (101 km2) pa Phiri la Kilimanjaro; na 25,000 acres (101 km2) kulazga ku Ngorongoro kumanjiliro gha dazi. Makina ghose ghakafuma ku United States, kusazgapo mathirakitala 30, viŵiya vyakulimira, na viŵiya vyakulimira 30. Pakaŵa ŵalongozgi ŵa vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi awo ŵakagwiranga ntchito zaulimi na kuzenga. Ŵanandi mwa ŵantchito aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵazga ŵa nkhondo ŵa ku Italy ŵakufuma ku Somalia na Ethiopia. Mu vigaŵa vya Ardai mukaŵa vyakurya vinandi yayi, kweni mu vigaŵa vya Kilimanjaro na Ngorongoro mukaŵa vyakurya vinandi.<ref name="Ogilvie">{{cite interview|title=Interview with David Hines|last=Ogilvie|first=W.D.|year=1999}}{{publisher missing|date=April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Obituary of David Hines|newspaper=Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=2000-04-08}}</ref> === World War II === Pakati pajumpha mazuŵa ghaŵiri kufuma apo Nazi yikapokelera Poland, Britain yikapharazga nkhondo ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa Britain ku Tanganyika ŵakaphalirika kuti ŵakakake ŵanalume ŵa ku Germany awo ŵakakhalanga ku Tanganyika. Boma la Britain likawopanga kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vya Axis aŵa ŵangayezga kovwira ŵasilikari ŵa Axis ndipo Ŵachijeremani ŵanyake awo ŵakakhalanga mu Dar es Salaam ŵakayezga kuti ŵafumemo mu charu ichi kweni ŵakakanizgika na Roald Dahl na gulu lichoko la ŵasilikari ŵa Tanganyikan ŵa King's African Rifles.<ref>{{cite book|title=Going Solo|url=https://archive.org/details/goingsolo0000dahl_r9w7|last=Dahl|first=Roald|publisher=Puffin Books|date=2008-09-04|isbn=978-0141322742}}</ref> Mu nyengo ya nkhondo, ŵanthu pafupifupi 100,000 ŵakufuma ku Tanganyika ŵakanjira gulu la ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru vinyake. Ŵakaŵa mu gulu la ŵasilikari 375,000 ŵa Britain awo ŵakarwa nkhondo na ŵasilikari ŵa Axis. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanganyikan ŵakarwa mu gulu la King's African Rifles ndipo ŵakarwa mu East African Campaign ku Somalia na Abyssinia kwimikana na ŵa ku Italy, ku Madagascar kwimikana na ŵa Vichy French mu nyengo ya Madagascar Campaign, na ku Burma kwimikana na ŵa ku Japan mu nyengo ya Burma Campaign. Charu cha Tanganyika chikaŵa chakukhumbikwa chomene pa vyakurya, ndipo ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakaguliskanga ku vyaru vinyake zikakura chomene kufuma apo kukaŵa suzgo yikuru. Ndipouli, nangauli ŵanthu ŵakasanganga ndalama zinandi, kweni nkhondo yikapangiska kuti vinthu visinthe mu caru. === Kusamukira ku wanangwa === Mu 1947, charu cha Tanganyika chikazgoka chigaŵa cha wupu wa United Nations. "Charu cha Tanganyika chili na malo ghanandi, nyengo, ndyali, umo ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga na mbiri yake."<ref name="Voices">{{cite book|title=Voices from Tanganyika: Great Britain, The United Nations and the Decolonization of a Trust Territory, 1946-1961|last=Lohrmann|first=Ullrich|publisher=Lit Verlag|location=Berlin, Germany|year=2007}}</ref>{{rp|page 11}} Kweni ŵanthu ŵaŵiri pa ŵanthu ŵatatu ŵakakhalanga mu cigaŵa cimoza pa vigaŵa 10 vya caru ici cifukwa ca kupeleŵera kwa maji, kunangika kwa dongo, vula zambura kugomezgeka, viyuni vya tsetse, kweniso cifukwa ca suzgo la kwendera na kwendera.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 11}} [[File:BEA-KUT 1958 MiNr0097 pm B002.jpg|thumb|170px|Sitampu ya British East Africa na cithuzithuzi ca Fumukazi Elizabeth II]] ==== Ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana ==== Mu 1957, matawuni 15 pera ndigho ghakaŵa na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 5,000.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 12}} Charu cha Tanganyika chikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana, ntheura chikaŵa chapadera chomene pa charu chose. Ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵako mu 1957 ŵakaŵa 123,310 ndipo ŵakasangika mu vyaru ivi: 95,636 ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Asia na Ŵaarabu (ŵakaŵa 65,461 ŵakaŵa ŵa ku India, 6,299 ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Pakistan, 4,776 ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Goan, na 19,100 ŵakaŵa Ŵaarabu), 3,114 ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Somalia, na 3,782 ŵakaŵa ŵa mitundu yinyake. Ŵazungu, awo ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Europe (Ŵacigiriki, Ŵachitaliya, Ŵachigiriki, na Ŵachijeremani) na ŵa ku South Africa, ŵakaŵa 20,598. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanganyika ŵakasuzgikanga cifukwa ca mitundu yawo kweniso cuma. Ndondomeko yawo yikaŵa yakuti ŵaŵikengepo ŵanyawo ŵa ku Europe kuti ŵakhozge chuma cha caru ici. Kweni Ŵanung'una ŵakeneranga kupulikira ivyo Ŵafrika ŵakakhumbanga.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 13}} Mu nyengo iyi, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Afilika ŵakaŵa ŵateŵeti ŵa boma, ŵantchito, ŵantchito, na ŵakulima vyakurya. Kweni ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaŵa ŵalimi ŵambura ntchito ndipo ŵakapanganga vyakurya vinandi yayi. Ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga makora yayi, ŵakavwaranga makora yayi, kweniso vinthu vikaŵa makora yayi.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 12}} Ŵanthu ŵa ku Asia na Ŵaarabu ŵakaŵa ŵamitundu yakupambanapambana ndipo ŵakaguliskanga vinthu vinandi. Ŵazungu ŵakaŵa ŵamishonale, ŵateŵeti ŵa boma, kweniso ŵakaŵa na minda, migodi, na mabizinesi ghanyake. Ŵazungu ndiwo ŵakapanganga vyakurya vinandi.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 13}} ==== Kulima mu vyaru vinyake kukamba ==== Britain, kwizira mwa mulongozgi wake David Gordon Hines, wakaciska kuti kulima kwa makoperative kukhazikiskike kuti kovwire kuti ŵalimi ŵaŵeso na ndalama zinandi. Ŵalimi aŵa ŵakaguliskanga vyakurya vyawo ku ŵamalonda ŵa ku India pa mtengo wapasi. Kuuyambiro wa m'ma 1950, pa caru cose pakaŵa makoperati ghakujumpha 400.<ref>{{cite book|title=Lonely Planet: East Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/eastafricatravel0000crow_g4a3|edition=3|year=1994|isbn=0-86442-209-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/eastafricatravel0000crow_g4a3/page/497 497]|last1=Crowther|first1=Geoff|last2=Finlay|first2=Hugh}}</ref> Makampani ghakapanga "magulu" gha ŵanthu ŵa mu vigaŵa vyawo ndipo ghakapanga mafakitale gha makuni gha makuni gha makuni gha makuni, mafakitale gha khofi, na vyakumetera hona. Chinthu chikuru icho chikawovwira chomene ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanzania ni mashopu gha khofi gha ku Moshi agho ghakakopanga ŵanthu ŵanandi kufuma ku vyaru vinyake. Ndondomeko iyi yikamba mu 1946 ndipo yikamara mu 1951. ==== Malo ghakulongozgeka na UN ==== Ŵanji ŵati ŵamanya kuti charu cha Tanganyika chili pasi pa mawupu gha wupu wa United Nations, Ŵanandi ŵakamba kukhumba kuti vinthu vyende makora. Fundo ya Britain yakuti "kucita vinthu mwakucepa" yikamba kuwoneka kuti njambura kwenelera ndipo yikamara mu vilimika vicoko waka pambere caru cindaŵe na wanangwa. Maofesi gha UN ghankhondi ghakaluta ku Tanganyika, ndipo UN yikapokera makalata ghakukwana mahandiredi ghanandi, kweniso nkhani zinandi izo zikayowoyeka pa maungano gha ku New York pakati pa 1948 na 1960.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 16}} Wupu wa UN na ŵanthu ŵa ku Afilika awo ŵakagwiliskira nchito wupu uwu kuti ŵafiske vilato vyawo, ndiwo ŵakapangiska kuti Tanganyika waŵe wakujiyimira payekha. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Afilika aŵa ŵakaluta ku maungano ku Tanganyika pamoza na ŵimiliri ŵa UN. Pakaŵa ŵalimi, ŵantchito ŵa mu matawuni, ŵantchito ŵa boma, na ŵalongozgi ŵa vigaŵa na ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa awo ŵakalombanga ku UN pa nkhani izo zikakhumbikwiranga kuchitapo kanthu mwaluŵiro. Paumaliro, ŵanthu ŵa ku Afilika ndiwo ŵakaŵa na mazaza pa ndyali. Chilato chawo chikaŵa chakuti ŵanthu ŵa mu Afilika ŵalute panthazi pa ndyali. Wakawumbika mu 1929 nga ni wupu wa ŵateŵeti ŵa boma ŵa ku Afilika mu Dar es Salaam na Zanzibar. Gulu ili likasinthika zina kuti Tanganyika African Association (TAA) mu 1948 ndipo likaleka kunjilirapo pa vya ku Zanzibar.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 17}} ==== Kutemwa caru ca Afilika ==== Kwamba mu chaka cha 1954, mtundu wa Afilika ukaghanaghana chomene vya Tanzania African National Union (TANU), gulu la ndyali ilo likapangika na Julius Nyerere.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 17}} Chipani cha TANU chikapambana pa zisankho za mu 1958, 1959, na 1960, ndipo Nyerere wakazgoka nduna yikuru pamanyuma pa chisankho cha 1960. Boma likamba kulamulira pa 1 Meyi 1961, ndipo likamba kujiyimira pawekha pa 9 Disembala 1961.<ref name="Voices"/>{{rp|page 16}} == Zanzibar == {{Main|History of Zanzibar}} [[File:Spice Islands (Zanzibar highlighted) sv.svg|thumb|Malo gha Zanzibar mu Tanzania]] Zanzibar lero likung'anamura cirwa ca zina ili, ico cikumanyikwaso na zina lakuti Unguja, na cirwa ca Pemba. Virwa vyose viŵiri vikaŵa pasi pa Ŵapwitikizi mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500 na m'ma 1700, kweni Ŵaarabu ŵa ku Oman ŵakaviwuskamo mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800. Ulamuliro wa Aarabu ukafika pachanya pa nyengo ya muwuso wa Sultan Said, uyo wakasamuska msumba wake ukuru kufuma ku Muscat, Oman kuya ku Zanzibar, wakambiska ufumu wa Aarabu, ndipo wakakhwimiska vyakumera vya clove, na kugwiliskira nchito ŵazga ŵa pa cirwa ici. Zanzibar na Pemba ŵakaŵa ŵakumanyikwa pa caru cose cifukwa ca malonda ghawo gha vyakununkhira ndipo ŵakamanyikwanga na zina lakuti Zanzibar Archipelago. Zanzibar yikaŵaso malo ghakuru ghakulongozgako ŵazga pa nyanja zikuruzikuru za mu Afilika na mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean. Zanzibar yikakopanga maboti ghakufuma kutali comene nga ni United States, iyo yikakhazikiska ofesi ya wupu wakuwona vya chalo mu 1833. Boma la United Kingdom likamba kutemwa chomene charu cha Zanzibar chifukwa cha malonda na kukhumba kumazga malonda gha ŵazga. Mu 1822, ŵa ku Britain ŵakasazga phangano lakwamba na Sultan Said kuti ŵamazge malonda agha, kweni mu 1876 pera ndiwo ŵakakanizga kuguliska ŵazga. Pa phangano la Heligoland-Zanzibar la mu 1890, Zanzibar na Pemba vikazgoka vigaŵa vya Britain, ndipo chigaŵa cha Caprivi mu Namibia chikazgoka chigaŵa cha Germany. Ufumu wa Britain ukendanga mwakuyana waka kufuma kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800 m'paka mu 1957, apo kukaŵa maungano gha ŵalara. == Kudziyimira pawokha ndi Mgwirizano wa Tanganyika ndi Zanzibar == [[File:The National Archives UK - CO 1069-166-21.jpg|thumb|Julius Nyerere wakakhumbanga kuti Tanganyika yiŵe na wanangwa wa ndyali mu 1961.]] Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere, msambizgi wa sukulu uyo wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu ŵaŵiri pera ŵa ku Tanganyikans awo ŵakasambira pa yunivesite, wakambiska chipani cha ndyali (Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Pa Disembala 9, 1961, Tanganyika yikajiyimira pawekha, nangauli themba la Britain likalutilira kuŵa Fumukazi ya Tanganyika. Pa Disembala 9, 1962, boma la Republican likamba kulamulira ndipo Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa Tanganyika. Zanzibar yikapokera wanangwa wake kufuma ku United Kingdom pa 10 Disembala, 1963, nga ni boma lachifumu ilo likulongozgeka na Sultan wake. Pa 12 Janyuwale 1964, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Afilika ŵakagalukira themba la ku Zanzibar ndipo boma liphya likapangika na mulongozgi wa ASP, Abeid Karume, uyo wakaŵa purezidenti wa Zanzibar kweniso mulongozgi wa Revolutionary Council. Mu mazuŵa ghakwambilira gha nkhondo iyo yikamanyikwa kuti Zanzibar Revolution, Ŵaarabu na Ŵahindi pakati pa 5,000 na 15,000 ŵakakomeka. Mu nyengo ya vivulupi vinandi, ŵalondezgi ŵa John Okello ŵakakolelera ŵanthu ŵanandi na kuparanya nyumba na vinthu vinyake.<ref>{{cite book|title=Revolution In Zanzibar: An American's Cold War Tale|last=Petterson|first=Don|publisher=Basic Books|location=New York, USA|year=2002|page=65}}</ref> Mu masabata ghacoko waka, cigaŵa cimoza mu vigaŵa vinkhondi vya ŵanthu ŵakafwa panji kucimbira. Pa nyengo iyi, ŵasilikari ŵa Tanganyika ŵakagaluka ndipo Julius Nyerere wakapempha Britain kuti watume ŵasilikari. Ŵasilikari ŵa Royal Marines ŵakatumika kufuma ku England kwizira ku Nairobi, ndipo ŵasilikari 40 ŵakakhira pa sitima ya nkhondo yakuchemeka HMS Bulwark. Ŵakapharazga kwa myezi yinandi na ŵasilikari awo ŵakendanga mu vyaru vyose. Nkhondo iyi yikati yamara, ŵasilikari ŵa Royal Marines ŵakafumapo ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa Canada ŵakamba kuŵawovwira. Pa 26 Epulero, 1964, charu cha Tanganyika chikakolerana na charu cha Zanzibar ndipo chikazgoka United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Pa Okutobala 29, mu chaka chenechichi, charu ichi chikamba kuchemeka United Republic of Tanzania. Zina lakuti Tanzania likusazgikana na mazina gha Tanganyika na Zanzibar ndipo pakwamba likaŵa na ng'anamuro lililose yayi. Kuyana na umo vinthu viliri, boma la Zanzibar lili na wanangwa wa kujilongozga. == Mbiri Yaposachedwapa == Kuti wapange chipani chimoza cha boma mu vigaŵa vyose viŵiri vya chalo ichi, Julius Nyerere wakasazga TANU na chipani cha boma cha Zanzibar, Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP) of Zanzibar kuti wapange CCM (Chama cha Mapinduzi-CCM Revolutionary Party), pa February 5, 1977. Nyerere wakagomezganga kuti maboma ghanandi, mu chalo icho chili na mafuko ghanandi, ghangaŵa pangozi ku umoza wa chalo ndipo wakakhumbanga nthowa zakovwilira kuti paŵe chipani chimoza<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/julius-kambarage-nyerere-43589|title=Biography of Julius Kambarage Nyerere, Father of Tanzania|last=Boddy-Evans|first=Alistair|date=2019-05-23|publisher=ThoughtCo.}}</ref> Mu nyengo iyo vinthu vikaŵa makora yayi, Nyerere 'wakamanyanga makora kuti ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghakupambana, ntheura wakafumiskamo visopa mu ndyali.'<ref>{{cite book|title=African Cities: Competing Claims on Urban Spaces|series=Africa-Europe Group for Interdisciplinary Studies|volume=3|editor-last1=Locatelli|editor-first1=Francesca|editor-last2=Nugent|editor-first2=Paul|year=2009|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/13489?language=en|page=252|publisher=Brill |isbn=9789047442486 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter=The urban melting pot in east Africa: Ethnicity and urban growth in Kampala and dar es Salaam|first=Deborah Fahy|last=Bryceson|date=20 May 2009|title=African Cities|pages=241–260|doi=10.1163/ej.9789004162648.i-308.67|isbn = 9789004162648}}</ref> Kuti wawovwire ŵanthu kuti ŵaŵe ŵakukolerana, Nyerere wakasankha chiyowoyero cha Chiswahili kuŵa chiyowoyero cha charu. Nyerere wakambiska cisopa ca ku Afilika, panji Ujamaa, kung'anamura'mbumba.' Boma la Nyerere likapangiska Ujamaa kuŵa visambizgo ivyo vikulongozga chitukuko cha chalo cha Tanzania; 'boma likadumulira dala malo gha mu matawuni kuti likanizge na kukanizga kuti vinthu vileke kwenda makora...malo ghakuru gha mu matawuni gha mu Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, ghakaŵa ghakusuzgika comene kwa virimika vinandi, comenecomene cifukwa cakuti ghakaŵa 'chakukumbuska Nyerere vya kuhara uko kukacitika mu nyengo ya ukoloni.<ref>{{cite book|last=Myers|first=Garth A.|title=African Cities: Alternative Visions of Urban Theory and Practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3xAWTwEACAAJ|year=2011|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=978-1-84813-508-6}}</ref>{{rp|page 44}} Boma ili likakura mwaluŵiro chomene ndipo likakhwaska vigaŵa vyose. Mu 1967, boma likaŵa na nchito yikuru comene mu caru ici cifukwa ca kucitiska kuti caru cose ciŵe cawo. Wakawovwiranga pa vyose, kwambira pa malonda gha malonda gha malonda gha vyakurya na vyakurya, na kuphika. Ici cikapangiska kuti paŵe vimbundi. Ndondomeko zinonono za boma na misonkho yinandi iyo ŵakaŵikanga ŵalara ŵa boma, vikapwetekaso comene cuma. Ndalama zinandi za boma zikagwiliskirika nchito mwambura kwenelera. Nkhongono ya kugura yikamba kuchepa comene, ndipo nanga ni vinthu vyakukhumbikwa pa umoyo vikamba kusoŵa. Ŵalara ŵa boma ŵakasanganga vimbundi vikuru chomene chifukwa cha kupeleka vimbundi. Ivi vikapangiska kuti paŵe vimbundi. Ŵalara ŵa boma ŵakamba kumanyikwa na zina lakuti Wabenzi ("ŵanthu ŵa Benz"). Kuzakafika pakati pa 1979, vimbundi vikafika paheni chomene chifukwa chuma chikamba kunangika.<ref name="Stapenhurst">{{Cite book | last1 = Stapenhurst | first1 = Rick | last2 = Kpundeh | first2 = Sahr John | title = Curbing corruption: toward a model for building national integrity | publisher = [[World Bank Publications]] | year = 1999 | pages = 153–156 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eLh72ZUQcssC&pg=PA153 | isbn =978-0-8213-4257-2}}</ref> Charu cha Tanzania icho chikaŵa pasi pa Nyerere chikaŵa paubwezi wakukhora na charu cha China<ref>{{cite book|title=Maoism: A Global History|url=https://archive.org/details/maoismglobalhist0000juli|last=Lovell|first=Julia|year=2019|pages=[https://archive.org/details/maoismglobalhist0000juli/page/192 192]–216}}</ref>, United Kingdom, na Germany. Mu 1979, caru ca Tanzania cikapharazga nkhondo ku Uganda, pamanyuma pakuti caru ca Uganda ico cikateŵeteranga ku Soviet Union cikanjira mu caru ici na kupoka cigaŵa ca Kagera. Tanzania yikathereska waka ŵasilikari ŵa ku Uganda yayi, kweni yikaŵaso na ŵasilikari ŵa ku Uganda. Pa Epulero 11, 1979, pulezidenti wa ku Uganda, Idi Amin, wakacicizgika kufumamo mu msumba ukuru wa Kampala, na kumazga nkhondo ya pakati pa Uganda na Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Mwakikagile | first = Godfrey | title = Ethnic Politics in Kenya and Nigeria | publisher = [[Nova Publishers]] | year = 2001 | page = 221 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=gqTjUjdvTQwC&pg=PA221 | isbn =978-1-56072-967-9}}</ref> Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Tanzania ŵakatora msumba uwu na wovwiri wa ŵasilikari ŵa ku Uganda na Rwanda. Amin wakacimbilira ku caru cinyake.'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/597725.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Africa - Obituary: The buffoon tyrant|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref>''' Mu Okutobala 1985, Nyerere wakapeleka mazaza kwa Ali Hassan Mwinyi, kweni wakalutilira kuwusa chipani cha Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM), nga ni Chairman mpaka 1990, apo wakapeleka mazaza agha kwa Mwinyi. Mu 1990, gulu la ŵanthu ŵa mafuko na mitheto ya ku Zanzibar likapempha kuti paŵe referendum. Iwo ŵakati cifukwa ca kukolerana na caru cikuru ca Tanzania, ico cikalongozgekanga na cisambizgo ca wupu wakuwona vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu ico sono cafwa, Zanzibar wazgoka caru cakupeleŵera.<ref name="Minahan">{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z|last=Minahan|first=James|pages=2088–2089}}</ref> Ŵakapulikira yayi ivyo ŵakakhumbanga. Ndipouli, chipani icho chili na mazaza pa charu chose chikatonda pa mavoti uku vinthu vikaŵa makora yayi<ref name="Minahan"/> ndipo wakwimilira wake Benjamin William Mkapa wakalapizga kuŵa purezidenti muphya wa Tanzania mu mavoti gha vyaru vinandi pa 23 November 1995.<ref>{{Citation | title = Polling Problems Mar Election in Tanzania | newspaper = [[The New York Times]] | page = A4 | date = 30 October 1995 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/30/world/world-news-briefs-polling-problems-mar-election-in-tanzania.html?pagewanted=1 | access-date =11 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | title = Tanzania swears in Mkapa as president | newspaper = [[The Blade (Toledo)|The Blade]] | publisher = [[Block Communications]] | page = 2 | date = 24 November 1995 | url = https://news.google.co.uk/newspapers?id=ZeE0AAAAIBAJ&sjid=bgMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4324,7043753&dq=mkapa&hl=en | access-date =11 March 2010}}</ref> Paumaliro wa chaka cha 2000, pakaŵa masankho agho ghakatimbanizgika, ndipo mu Janyuwale 2001, boma likakoma ŵanthu 35 na kupweteka 600..<ref>{{Citation | title = Tanzania: Zanzibar Election Massacres Documented | newspaper = [[Human Rights Watch]] | date = 9 April 2002 | url = http://hrw.org/english/docs/2002/04/10/tanzan3838.htm | access-date =22 March 2010}}</ref> Mu Disembala 2005, Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti wachinayi kwa nyengo ya vyaka vinkhondi. Mu 1998, boma la United States likaponya mabomba mu msumba wa Dar Es Salaam, ndipo linyake mu Nairobi, Kenya. Mu 2004, chindindindi icho chikachitika ku nyanja ya Indian Ocean, chikapangiska tsunami mumphepete mwa nyanja ku Tanzania. Cingalaŵa cinyake ico cikanyamuliranga mafuta cikaŵa mu dowoko la Dar Es Salaam, ndipo cikananga maji. Mu 2008, ku Zanzibar kukaŵa suzgo la magesi, ndipo mu 2008 ku Zanzibar kukaŵa suzgo la magesi. Mu 2015, pamanyuma pa nyengo ya vyaka khumi ya purezidenti Jakaya Kikwete, John Magufuli ndiyo wakathereska pa chisankho cha purezidenti..<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-10-29|title=Tanzania poll: John Magufuli of CCM defeats Edward Lowassa|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-34669468|access-date=2021-06-01}}</ref> Mu Okutobala 2020, pulezidenti Magufoli wakasankhikaso pa chisankho icho chikaŵa na upusikizgi na viheni vinandi kuyana na ivyo ŵakususka ŵakayowoya. Chipani cha Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM) chili na mazaza kwambira apo charu chikapokera wanangwa mu 1961. Ndilo gulu la ndyali ilo laŵapo nyengo yitali comene mu Africa. Purezidenti waliyose wa Tanzania wakwimira chipani ichi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Magufuli is Transforming Tanzania's Ruling Party From a "Benign Hegemon" Into a Malevolent One|url=https://www.cfr.org/blog/magufuli-transforming-tanzanias-ruling-party-benign-hegemon-malevolent-one|access-date=2021-06-01|website=Council on Foreign Relations|language=en}}</ref> Malinga ndi bungwe la Human Rights Watch, kuyambira chisankho cha Pulezidenti John Magufuli mu December 2015, Tanzania yakhala ikuchepa kwambiri kulemekeza ufulu wa kulankhula, kusonkhana ndi kusonkhana .<ref>{{Cite book|date=2019-01-17|title=World Report 2019: Rights Trends in Tanzania|chapter=Tanzania: Events of 2018 |chapter-url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/tanzania-and-zanzibar|access-date=2021-06-01|website=Human Rights Watch|language=en}}</ref> Pa 19 March 2021, Wachiŵiri kwa Pulezidenti Samia Suluhu Hassan wakaŵa pulezidenti muphya pamanyuma pa nyifwa ya mwamabuci ya Pulezidenti John Magufuli. Wakaŵa mwanakazi wakwamba kuŵa purezidenti wa Tanzania..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Samia Hassan sworn in as Tanzania's first female president|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/19/tanzania-to-swear-in-new-president-on-friday-after-death-of-maguf|access-date=2021-06-01|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ivyo ŵasayansi ŵasanga sonosono apa == Mu Febuluwale 2021, akatswiri ofukula zakale aku Poland ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Jagiellonian adalengeza kuti apeza zojambula zakale za miyala yokhala ndi zifaniziro za anthu omwe ali bwino pamalo otetezera miyala a Amak??hee 4 ku Swaga Swaga Game Reserve ku Tanzania..<ref>{{cite journal|title=Amak'hee 4: a newly documented rock art site in the Swaga Swaga Game Reserve|last=Grzelczyk|first=Maciej|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/amakhee-4-a-newly-documented-rock-art-site-in-the-swaga-swaga-game-reserve/E7EACF28F4EA1BEFC3C8142F34353C49|publisher=Cambridge University Press|journal=Antiquity|date=2021-01-14|volume=95|issue=379|page=E1|doi=10.15184/aqy.2020.246|s2cid=231891881 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sciencealert.com/eerie-figures-with-giant-heads-found-painted-in-a-rock-shelter-in-tanzania|title=Eerie Figures With Giant Heads Found Painted in a Rock Shelter in Tanzania|last=Starr|first=Michelle|publisher=Science Alert|date=2022-06-29}}</ref> Pa vithuzithuzi ivyo vikasangika pa malo agha, pakaŵa mitu ya ng'ombe, mutu na singo ya nkhalamira, na ng'ombe. Vinthu ivi vikalembeka vyaka vinandi ivyo vyajumpha. Ŵakufukura vinthu vyakale ŵakaghanaghananga kuti vithuzithuzi ivi vingaŵa kuti vikulongosora za kaluso ka ŵanthu ŵa ku Sandawe, nangauli visopa vyawo vya mazuŵa ghano vikulongosora yayi umo ŵanthu ŵakuwonera mbaŵala.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tanzanian Rock Art Depicts Trios of Bizarre Anthropomorphic Figures {{!}} Archaeology {{!}} Sci-News.com|url=http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/tanzanian-rock-art-09332.html|access-date=2021-02-16|website=Breaking Science News {{!}} Sci-News.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mysterious and bizarre: scientists discovered ancient rock art that dates back to several hundred years ago|url=https://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/canada/mysterious-and-bizarre-scientists-discovered-ancient-rock-art-that-dates-back-to-several-hundred-years-ago/ar-BB1dDyzY|access-date=2021-02-16|website=www.msn.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Grzelczyk|first=Maciej|date=2021|title=Amak'hee 4: a newly documented rock art site in the Swaga Swaga Game Reserve|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/E7EACF28F4EA1BEFC3C8142F34353C49/S0003598X2000246Xa.pdf/amakhee_4_a_newly_documented_rock_art_site_in_the_swaga_swaga_game_reserve.pdf|journal=Antiquity|publisher=Cambridge University Press|volume=95|issue=379|pages=1–9|doi=10.15184/aqy.2020.246|s2cid=231891881|via=|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ukaboni == {{Reflist}} == Wonani vinandi == * Gibbons, Ann (2007). ''The First Human: The Race to Discover our Earliest Ancestor''. Anchor Books. {{ISBN|978-1-4000-7696-3}}. * Hyden, Goran (1980). ''Beyond Ujamaa in Tanzania: Underdevelopment and an Uncaptured Peasantry''. Berkeley: University of California Press. * Iliffe, John (1971). ''Agricultural Change in Modern Tanganyika'' (Historical Association of Tanzania Paper no. 10. (Nairobi: East African Publishing House, 1971), 47 pp. * Kjekshus, Helge (1996). ''Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History''. London: James Currey. * Koponen, Juhani (1988). ''People and Production in Late Pre-colonial Tanzania: History and Structures''. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of International Studies. * Koponen, Juhani (1994). ''Development for Exploitation: German Colonial Policies in Mainland Tanzania, 1884–1914''. * Paice, Edward (2007). ''Tip and Run: The Untold Tragedy of the Great War in Africa''. London: Orion Publishing. * Waters, Tony (2007). ''The Persistence of Subsistence Agriculture: Life Beneath the Level of the Marketplace''. Lanham: Lexington Books. == Vigaŵa vya kuwaro == {{Commons category|History of Tanzania}} * [https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2843.htm Background Note: Tanzania] {{Tanzania topics}} {{History of Africa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:History Of Tanzania}} [[Category:History of Tanzania| ]] bcrw7rllhfb49fpzk0aspeceekbxn4i 0 25670 121625 71384 2026-09-05T02:50:19Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|1|0 */ 121625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{EngvarB|date=October 2018}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}{{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->| official_name = Kasama | other_name = | native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> | nickname = Aba saamike akatambala ku chimuti | settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = | imagesize = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Zambia<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Zambia <!-- Location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|25px]] [[Zambia]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Zambia|Province]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Northern Province, Zambia|Northern Province]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Zambia#Northern Province|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Kasama District]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> | population_as_of = 2010 census | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 101845 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|10|12|42|S|31|10|42|E|region:ZM|display=inline}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 1374 | elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> | postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = Kasama town and other areas districts of northern province use the 410 postcode | area_code = | blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank_info = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cwa]] | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Kasama''' ni msumba wa kumpoto kwa [[Zambia]]. Ni msumba ukuru wa chigaŵa cha Kasama..<ref name="1R">{{cite web |author=Zambia Advisor |date=4 October 2018 |title=About Kasama Town, Northern Province, Zambia |url=https://www.zambia-advisor.com/kasama-town.html |access-date=4 October 2018 |work=Zambia-Advisor.com}}</ref> == Makhalilo == Charu ichi chili pa chigaŵa cha pakati na kumwera kwa Africa, pafupifupi makilomita 856 (532 mi), pa msewu, kumpoto kwa Lusaka, msumba ukuru na ukuru chomene wa Zambia.<ref name="2R">{{cite web |author=Globefeed.com |date=4 October 2018 |title=Distance between Lusaka, Zambia and Kasama, Zambia |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Zambia_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Lusaka%2C%20Zambia&toplace=Kasama%2C%20Zambia&dt1=ChIJSaq8PH3zQBkR6xMgRsGT0NA&dt2=ChIJA9tXgRzGCBkRviTKP1u-0n8&sr=dc |access-date=4 October 2018 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> Kasama ili pa msewu wa M1 (msewu wakale wa Great North Road) kuchokera ku Mpika kumwera kupita ku Mbala ndi Mpulungu, kumapeto kwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika, kumpoto. == Ŵanthu == Ŵanthu ŵa mu tawuni iyi ŵakakura comene mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980 pamanyuma pa kuzenga njanji ya TAZARA iyo yikajumphanga mu tawuni iyi, na kujara pa Great North Road, Zambia. Kuyana na buku la Encyclopedia Britannica, mu 2000 mu tawuni iyi mukaŵa ŵanthu 74,243 ndipo mu 2010 ŵakafika 113,779.<ref name="5R">{{cite web |author=((The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica)) |date=4 October 2018 |title=Population of Kasama Town, Zambia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kasama |access-date=4 October 2018 |publisher=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]] |location=Chicago, Illinois, United States}}</ref> == Mbili == Mu 1898/1899, suzgo la chiharo cha Chitimukulu likapangiska Bishop Joseph 'Moto Moto' Dupont kuti wazomerezgane na ŵalongozgi ŵa Bemba kuti Robert Codrington, uyo wakaŵa mulara wa boma la Britain ku North-Eastern Rhodesia, ndiyo walaŵilirenge chigaŵa ichi. Codrington wakimika boma ku Kasama. Chifukwa chakuti msumba uwu ukaŵa pafupi na nyumba ya themba la ku Chitimukulu, ukazgoka msumba ukuru chomene mu chigaŵa cha kumpoto kwa Rhodesia. == Ntchito zaumoyo == Mu tawuni iyi muli vinthu vinandi vya mazuŵa ghano. Msumba uwu uli na maofesi gha mabanki gha Zambia agho ghakusazgapo Zambia National Commercial Bank, National Savings & Credit Bank, Atlas Mara Bank Zambia Limited, Standard Chartered Zambia, Cavmont Bank, Barclays Bank of Zambia, Access Bank Zambia na Indo-Zambia Bank Limited. Mu tawuni iyi muli ma ATM na ma visa. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Kasama ŵalije nchito, ndipo ŵakugwira nchito zicoko kuti ŵasange vyakukhumbikwa pa umoyo wawo. Chipatala ichi ni Kasama General Hospital, ndipo chikupeleka wovwiri wa munkhwala ku ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha. Mu tawuni iyi muli ŵapolisi ŵanandi. Awo ŵakugwira ntchito pa foni ni MTN Group, Airtel Zambia na Zamtel. Mu Kasama muli makampani ghanandi agho ghakusanga vyakurya, nga ni Northern Coffee Company Limited (NCCL), kampani ya Olam International, iyo yikukuzga khofi ku Kateshi Estates, na Kalungwishi Estates iyo yikukuzga mkaka na kupanga Kasama Sugar. == Ethnic Groups == Kasama wali mu mtima wa mtundu wa Bemba, uwo mukuru wawo Chitimukulu wali na likuru lake pa mtunda wa makilomita 9 kufuma ku Malole, mtunda wa makilomita 51 kumafumiro gha dazi kwa msumba.<ref name="6R">{{cite web |author=Globefeed.com |date=4 October 2018 |title=Distance between Kasama, Zambia and Malole, Zambia |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Zambia_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kasama%2C%20Zambia&toplace=Malole%2C%20Zambia&dt1=ChIJA9tXgRzGCBkRviTKP1u-0n8&dt2=ChIJm5UZX-emCBkRD9aqYtbYp5s&sr=dc |access-date=4 October 2018 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> == Malo gha ku mizi == Kasama wali na malo ghakuliskako ŵanthu ghakulondezgapo mu mphaka za chigaŵa: * Central Town (the largest) * New Town or Mbulo * Location * Mukulumpe * Chikumanino Vinthu ivi vili ku chigaŵa cha msumba uwu: * Mulenga Hills * Jazz * Tazara * Misamfu * Milima * Chiba * Chitamba * Brown * Winberg * Kasama Village * Kungu * Mutale/Milenge * Chisanga * Soft Katongo * Lua Luo == Mtunda == Kasama wali na misewu yinandi yikuruyikuru. Ili pa msewu wa M1, uwo ukuya kumwera ku Mpika na kumpoto ku Mbala. Msewu wa M3 ukuyaniska Kasama na Luwingu, Mansa na Congo Pedicle kumanjiliro gha dazi. Msewu wa D18 ukuyaniska Kasama na Mungwi na Isoka kumafumiro gha dazi. {{RailGauge|1067mm|al=on|lk=on}} Msewu wa TAZARA Railway ukukumana na [[Tanzania]] kumpoto-kumafumiro gha dazi kwizira ku Kasama, na Zambia Railways ku Kapiri Mposhi kumwera-kumanjiliro gha dazi. Ŵanthu ŵakwenda pa ndege pa chiŵanja cha ndege cha Kasama. Malo agha ghakukwaniska kunyamura ndege zichoko, ndipo pasono ghakunozgekerathu kuti ghatore ndege zikuruzikuru. Ŵakaghanaghananga kuti yiŵenge yakunozgeka kuumaliro wa 2017. == Vyakusanguluska == [[File:Mutumuna_falls_Northern_Zambia.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mutumuna_falls_Northern_Zambia.jpg|right|thumb|Mutumuna Falls]] [[File:Chishimba_Falls.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chishimba_Falls.jpg|right|thumb|Chishimba Falls]] Vipinda vyakusanguluskira vya ku Kasama ni Kasama Golf Club, iyo yikusangikaso na maseŵero gha tenisi, volleyball, badminton, thupi, na malo gha mpira ghachoko waka agho ghakukwana ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1,000. Mu tawuni iyi muli malo ghanyake agho ŵanthu ŵangaseŵera bola. Ku Chishimba Falls kuli malo ghakusungirako ŵalendo nga ni Chinchi's Nest na Kings Guest House. == Madambo == Chigaŵa cha Kasama chili na milonga yikuru yinkhondi, Chambeshi, Lukulu, Lukupa, Lubansenshi na Luombe. Maji gha Chishimba ghakusangika kusirya linyake la Mlonga wa Luombe ndipo ndigho ghakopa ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Zambia. Mu maji agha ndimo muli maji gha Chishimba agho ghali na nkhongono ya ma megawati 15.<ref>{{cite web |author=Teresia Njoroge |date=15 August 2021 |title=Zambia to rehabilitate US $46m Chishimba falls power station |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/news/zambia-to-rehabilitate-us-46m-chishimba-falls-power-station/ |access-date=16 May 2022 |work=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}</ref> == Nyengo == {{Weather box|location=Kasama|single line=Yes|metric first=Yes|Jan record high C=30.5|Feb record high C=31.2|Mar record high C=31.5|Apr record high C=31.2|May record high C=31.3|Jun record high C=30.6|Jul record high C=30.0|Aug record high C=32.4|Sep record high C=36.5|Oct record high C=35.6|Nov record high C=34.8|Dec record high C=32.0|year record high C=36.5|Jan high C=26.3|Feb high C=26.8|Mar high C=26.8|Apr high C=26.5|May high C=26.0|Jun high C=24.9|Jul high C=24.9|Aug high C=26.9|Sep high C=29.8|Oct high C=30.9|Nov high C=28.9|Dec high C=26.7|year high C=27.1|Jan mean C=19.7|Feb mean C=19.9|Mar mean C=20.2|Apr mean C=20.2|May mean C=18.9|Jun mean C=17.2|Jul mean C=17.1|Aug mean C=18.9|Sep mean C=21.8|Oct mean C=23.1|Nov mean C=21.6|Dec mean C=20.1|year mean C=19.9|Jan low C=16.1|Feb low C=16.2|Mar low C=16.1|Apr low C=15.2|May low C=12.5|Jun low C=9.6|Jul low C=9.3|Aug low C=11.0|Sep low C=13.8|Oct low C=15.9|Nov low C=16.4|Dec low C=16.2|year low C=14.0|Jan record low C=8.2|Feb record low C=13.3|Mar record low C=12.2|Apr record low C=9.8|May record low C=2.4|Jun record low C=1.0|Jul record low C=2.5|Aug record low C=4.7|Sep record low C=8.5|Oct record low C=11.4|Nov record low C=12.6|Dec record low C=10.9|year record low C=1.0|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=285.3|Feb precipitation mm=242.8|Mar precipitation mm=233.1|Apr precipitation mm=91.3|May precipitation mm=10.5|Jun precipitation mm=0.4|Jul precipitation mm=0.1|Aug precipitation mm=0.1|Sep precipitation mm=3.0|Oct precipitation mm=23.3|Nov precipitation mm=158.3|Dec precipitation mm=295.0|year precipitation mm=1343.2|unit precipitation days=1.0 mm|Jan precipitation days=23|Feb precipitation days=20|Mar precipitation days=20|Apr precipitation days=8|May precipitation days=1|Jun precipitation days=0|Jul precipitation days=0|Aug precipitation days=0|Sep precipitation days=0|Oct precipitation days=3|Nov precipitation days=14|Dec precipitation days=24|year precipitation days=113|Jan humidity=82.7|Feb humidity=82.3|Mar humidity=82.1|Apr humidity=77.3|May humidity=69.5|Jun humidity=63.2|Jul humidity=57.6|Aug humidity=51.9|Sep humidity=44.4|Oct humidity=50.2|Nov humidity=67.4|Dec humidity=80.6|year humidity=67.4|Jan sun=133.3|Feb sun=134.4|Mar sun=179.8|Apr sun=222.0|May sun=288.3|Jun sun=297.0|Jul sun=306.9|Aug sun=306.9|Sep sun=279.0|Oct sun=251.1|Nov sun=207.0|Dec sun=151.9|year sun=2757.6|source 1=NOAA<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/ZA/67475.TXT | title = Kasama MET Climate Normals 1961–1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | access-date = 5 April 2015}}</ref>|date=April 2015}} == Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose == [[File:Chambeshi_Monument_03.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chambeshi_Monument_03.jpg|right|thumb|Chipilala cha Chambeshi icho chikukumbukira uthenga wa von Lettow-Vorbeck wa kusazgikira kwa nkhondo paumaliro wa Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose, mazuŵa ghatatu pamanyuma pa nkhondo ya ku Europe.]] Paumaliro wa Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose, apo yikaŵa na maofesi gha boma ghacoko waka na mashopu ghanandi, ŵanthu ŵa ku Britain ŵakamufumamo cifukwa cakuti ŵasilikari ŵa German East Africa ŵakalongozgekanga na Jenerale Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. Pakumanya yayi kuti ŵasilikari ŵa ku Britain ŵati ŵafika ku [[Europe]] zuŵa lakulondezgapo, Ŵachijeremani ŵakatora tawuni iyi pa Novembala 12, 1918 ndipo ŵakalutilira kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi (pakaŵavya nkhondo pa Kasama chifukwa chakuti ŵasilikari ŵa ku Britain ŵakaŵa ku Abercorn). Ŵakazomerezga kuti ŵaleke kuwukira ku Mlonga wa Chambeshi pa Novembala 14 apo ŵakaphalirika kuti Ŵachijeremani ŵafika ku Europe. Kuti mumanye vinandi wonani Von Lettow-Vorbeck Memorial. == Luso == Kasama wakumanyikwa na vinthu vya mu miyala ivyo vili mu malo agha. Kufupi na tawuni iyi kuli maji gha Chishimba Falls. == Ŵanthu Ŵakumanyikwa == * [[:en:Alexander_Chikwanda|Alexander Chikwanda]] - Minister of Finance, 2011-2016, born in Kasama. == Wonaniso == * [[:en:Railway_stations_in_Zambia|Railway stations in Zambia]] * [[:en:St._John_the_Apostle_Cathedral,_Kasama|St. John the Apostle Cathedral, Kasama]] == Ukaboni == {{Wikivoyage|Kasama}} <references responsive="1"></references> {{Authority control}} tpnxos7ihbs8blsej1wwqg2niu8n82m 121626 121625 2026-09-05T02:51:11Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{EngvarB|date=October 2018}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}{{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->| official_name = Kasama | other_name = | native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> | nickname = Aba saamike akatambala ku chimuti | settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = | imagesize = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Zambia<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Zambia <!-- Location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|25px]] [[Zambia]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Zambia|Province]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Northern Province, Zambia|Northern Province]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Zambia#Northern Province|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Kasama District]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> | population_as_of = 2010 census | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 101845 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|10|12|42|S|31|10|42|E|region:ZM|display=inline}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 1374 | elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> | postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = Kasama town and other areas districts of northern province use the 410 postcode | area_code = | blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank_info = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cwa]] | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Kasama''' ni msumba wa kumpoto kwa [[Zambia]]. Ni msumba ukuru wa chigaŵa cha Kasama..<ref name="1R">{{cite web |author=Zambia Advisor |date=4 October 2018 |title=About Kasama Town, Northern Province, Zambia |url=https://www.zambia-advisor.com/kasama-town.html |access-date=4 October 2018 |work=Zambia-Advisor.com}}</ref> == Makhalilo == Charu ichi chili pa chigaŵa cha pakati na kumwera kwa Africa, pafupifupi makilomita 856 (532 mi), pa msewu, kumpoto kwa Lusaka, msumba ukuru na ukuru chomene wa Zambia.<ref name="2R">{{cite web |author=Globefeed.com |date=4 October 2018 |title=Distance between Lusaka, Zambia and Kasama, Zambia |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Zambia_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Lusaka%2C%20Zambia&toplace=Kasama%2C%20Zambia&dt1=ChIJSaq8PH3zQBkR6xMgRsGT0NA&dt2=ChIJA9tXgRzGCBkRviTKP1u-0n8&sr=dc |access-date=4 October 2018 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> Kasama ili pa msewu wa M1 (msewu wakale wa Great North Road) kuchokera ku Mpika kumwera kupita ku Mbala ndi Mpulungu, kumapeto kwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika, kumpoto. == Ŵanthu == Ŵanthu ŵa mu tawuni iyi ŵakakura comene mu vyaka vya m'ma 1970 na 1980 pamanyuma pa kuzenga njanji ya TAZARA iyo yikajumphanga mu tawuni iyi, na kujara pa Great North Road, Zambia. Kuyana na buku la Encyclopedia Britannica, mu 2000 mu tawuni iyi mukaŵa ŵanthu 74,243 ndipo mu 2010 ŵakafika 113,779.<ref name="5R">{{cite web |author=((The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica)) |date=4 October 2018 |title=Population of Kasama Town, Zambia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kasama |access-date=4 October 2018 |publisher=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]] |location=Chicago, Illinois, United States}}</ref> == Mbili == Mu 1898/1899, suzgo la chiharo cha Chitimukulu likapangiska Bishop Joseph 'Moto Moto' Dupont kuti wazomerezgane na ŵalongozgi ŵa Bemba kuti Robert Codrington, uyo wakaŵa mulara wa boma la Britain ku North-Eastern Rhodesia, ndiyo walaŵilirenge chigaŵa ichi. Codrington wakimika boma ku Kasama. Chifukwa chakuti msumba uwu ukaŵa pafupi na nyumba ya themba la ku Chitimukulu, ukazgoka msumba ukuru chomene mu chigaŵa cha kumpoto kwa Rhodesia. == Ntchito zaumoyo == Mu tawuni iyi muli vinthu vinandi vya mazuŵa ghano. Msumba uwu uli na maofesi gha mabanki gha Zambia agho ghakusazgapo Zambia National Commercial Bank, National Savings & Credit Bank, Atlas Mara Bank Zambia Limited, Standard Chartered Zambia, Cavmont Bank, Barclays Bank of Zambia, Access Bank Zambia na Indo-Zambia Bank Limited. Mu tawuni iyi muli ma ATM na ma visa. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Kasama ŵalije nchito, ndipo ŵakugwira nchito zicoko kuti ŵasange vyakukhumbikwa pa umoyo wawo. Chipatala ichi ni Kasama General Hospital, ndipo chikupeleka wovwiri wa munkhwala ku ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha. Mu tawuni iyi muli ŵapolisi ŵanandi. Awo ŵakugwira ntchito pa foni ni MTN Group, Airtel Zambia na Zamtel. Mu Kasama muli makampani ghanandi agho ghakusanga vyakurya, nga ni Northern Coffee Company Limited (NCCL), kampani ya Olam International, iyo yikukuzga khofi ku Kateshi Estates, na Kalungwishi Estates iyo yikukuzga mkaka na kupanga Kasama Sugar. == Ethnic Groups == Kasama wali mu mtima wa mtundu wa Bemba, uwo mukuru wawo Chitimukulu wali na likuru lake pa mtunda wa makilomita 9 kufuma ku Malole, mtunda wa makilomita 51 kumafumiro gha dazi kwa msumba.<ref name="6R">{{cite web |author=Globefeed.com |date=4 October 2018 |title=Distance between Kasama, Zambia and Malole, Zambia |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Zambia_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kasama%2C%20Zambia&toplace=Malole%2C%20Zambia&dt1=ChIJA9tXgRzGCBkRviTKP1u-0n8&dt2=ChIJm5UZX-emCBkRD9aqYtbYp5s&sr=dc |access-date=4 October 2018 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> == Malo gha ku mizi == Kasama wali na malo ghakuliskako ŵanthu ghakulondezgapo mu mphaka za chigaŵa: * Central Town (the largest) * New Town or Mbulo * Location * Mukulumpe * Chikumanino Vinthu ivi vili ku chigaŵa cha msumba uwu: * Mulenga Hills * Jazz * Tazara * Misamfu * Milima * Chiba * Chitamba * Brown * Winberg * Kasama Village * Kungu * Mutale/Milenge * Chisanga * Soft Katongo * Lua Luo == Mtunda == Kasama wali na misewu yinandi yikuruyikuru. Ili pa msewu wa M1, uwo ukuya kumwera ku Mpika na kumpoto ku Mbala. Msewu wa M3 ukuyaniska Kasama na Luwingu, Mansa na Congo Pedicle kumanjiliro gha dazi. Msewu wa D18 ukuyaniska Kasama na Mungwi na Isoka kumafumiro gha dazi. {{RailGauge|1067mm|al=on|lk=on}} Msewu wa TAZARA Railway ukukumana na [[Tanzania]] kumpoto-kumafumiro gha dazi kwizira ku Kasama, na Zambia Railways ku Kapiri Mposhi kumwera-kumanjiliro gha dazi. Ŵanthu ŵakwenda pa ndege pa chiŵanja cha ndege cha Kasama. Malo agha ghakukwaniska kunyamura ndege zichoko, ndipo pasono ghakunozgekerathu kuti ghatore ndege zikuruzikuru. Ŵakaghanaghananga kuti yiŵenge yakunozgeka kuumaliro wa 2017. == Vyakusanguluska == [[File:Mutumuna_falls_Northern_Zambia.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mutumuna_falls_Northern_Zambia.jpg|right|thumb|Mutumuna Falls]] [[File:Chishimba_Falls.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chishimba_Falls.jpg|right|thumb|Chishimba Falls]] Vipinda vyakusanguluskira vya ku Kasama ni Kasama Golf Club, iyo yikusangikaso na maseŵero gha tenisi, volleyball, badminton, thupi, na malo gha mpira ghachoko waka agho ghakukwana ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1,000. Mu tawuni iyi muli malo ghanyake agho ŵanthu ŵangaseŵera bola. Ku Chishimba Falls kuli malo ghakusungirako ŵalendo nga ni Chinchi's Nest na Kings Guest House. == Madambo == Chigaŵa cha Kasama chili na milonga yikuru yinkhondi, Chambeshi, Lukulu, Lukupa, Lubansenshi na Luombe. Maji gha Chishimba ghakusangika kusirya linyake la Mlonga wa Luombe ndipo ndigho ghakopa ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Zambia. Mu maji agha ndimo muli maji gha Chishimba agho ghali na nkhongono ya ma megawati 15.<ref>{{cite web |author=Teresia Njoroge |date=15 August 2021 |title=Zambia to rehabilitate US $46m Chishimba falls power station |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/news/zambia-to-rehabilitate-us-46m-chishimba-falls-power-station/ |access-date=16 May 2022 |work=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}</ref> == Nyengo == {{Weather box|location=Kasama|single line=Yes|metric first=Yes|Jan record high C=30.5|Feb record high C=31.2|Mar record high C=31.5|Apr record high C=31.2|May record high C=31.3|Jun record high C=30.6|Jul record high C=30.0|Aug record high C=32.4|Sep record high C=36.5|Oct record high C=35.6|Nov record high C=34.8|Dec record high C=32.0|year record high C=36.5|Jan high C=26.3|Feb high C=26.8|Mar high C=26.8|Apr high C=26.5|May high C=26.0|Jun high C=24.9|Jul high C=24.9|Aug high C=26.9|Sep high C=29.8|Oct high C=30.9|Nov high C=28.9|Dec high C=26.7|year high C=27.1|Jan mean C=19.7|Feb mean C=19.9|Mar mean C=20.2|Apr mean C=20.2|May mean C=18.9|Jun mean C=17.2|Jul mean C=17.1|Aug mean C=18.9|Sep mean C=21.8|Oct mean C=23.1|Nov mean C=21.6|Dec mean C=20.1|year mean C=19.9|Jan low C=16.1|Feb low C=16.2|Mar low C=16.1|Apr low C=15.2|May low C=12.5|Jun low C=9.6|Jul low C=9.3|Aug low C=11.0|Sep low C=13.8|Oct low C=15.9|Nov low C=16.4|Dec low C=16.2|year low C=14.0|Jan record low C=8.2|Feb record low C=13.3|Mar record low C=12.2|Apr record low C=9.8|May record low C=2.4|Jun record low C=1.0|Jul record low C=2.5|Aug record low C=4.7|Sep record low C=8.5|Oct record low C=11.4|Nov record low C=12.6|Dec record low C=10.9|year record low C=1.0|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=285.3|Feb precipitation mm=242.8|Mar precipitation mm=233.1|Apr precipitation mm=91.3|May precipitation mm=10.5|Jun precipitation mm=0.4|Jul precipitation mm=0.1|Aug precipitation mm=0.1|Sep precipitation mm=3.0|Oct precipitation mm=23.3|Nov precipitation mm=158.3|Dec precipitation mm=295.0|year precipitation mm=1343.2|unit precipitation days=1.0 mm|Jan precipitation days=23|Feb precipitation days=20|Mar precipitation days=20|Apr precipitation days=8|May precipitation days=1|Jun precipitation days=0|Jul precipitation days=0|Aug precipitation days=0|Sep precipitation days=0|Oct precipitation days=3|Nov precipitation days=14|Dec precipitation days=24|year precipitation days=113|Jan humidity=82.7|Feb humidity=82.3|Mar humidity=82.1|Apr humidity=77.3|May humidity=69.5|Jun humidity=63.2|Jul humidity=57.6|Aug humidity=51.9|Sep humidity=44.4|Oct humidity=50.2|Nov humidity=67.4|Dec humidity=80.6|year humidity=67.4|Jan sun=133.3|Feb sun=134.4|Mar sun=179.8|Apr sun=222.0|May sun=288.3|Jun sun=297.0|Jul sun=306.9|Aug sun=306.9|Sep sun=279.0|Oct sun=251.1|Nov sun=207.0|Dec sun=151.9|year sun=2757.6|source 1=NOAA<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/ZA/67475.TXT | title = Kasama MET Climate Normals 1961–1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | access-date = 5 April 2015}}</ref>|date=April 2015}} == Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Charu Chose == [[File:Chambeshi_Monument_03.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chambeshi_Monument_03.jpg|right|thumb|Chipilala cha Chambeshi icho chikukumbukira uthenga wa von Lettow-Vorbeck wa kusazgikira kwa nkhondo paumaliro wa Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose, mazuŵa ghatatu pamanyuma pa nkhondo ya ku Europe.]] Paumaliro wa Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Charu Chose, apo yikaŵa na maofesi gha boma ghachoko waka na mashopu ghanandi, ŵanthu ŵa ku Britain ŵakamufumamo chifukwa chakuti ŵasilikari ŵa German East Africa ŵakalongozgekanga na Jenerale Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. Pakumanya yayi kuti ŵasilikari ŵa ku Britain ŵati ŵafika ku [[Europe]] zuŵa lakulondezgapo, Ŵachijeremani ŵakatora tawuni iyi pa Novembala 12, 1918 ndipo ŵakalutilira kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi (pakaŵavya nkhondo pa Kasama chifukwa chakuti ŵasilikari ŵa ku Britain ŵakaŵa ku Abercorn). Ŵakazomerezga kuti ŵaleke kuwukira ku Mlonga wa Chambeshi pa Novembala 14 apo ŵakaphalirika kuti Ŵachijeremani ŵafika ku Europe. Kuti mumanye vinandi wonani Von Lettow-Vorbeck Memorial. == Luso == Kasama wakumanyikwa na vinthu vya mu miyala ivyo vili mu malo agha. Kufupi na tawuni iyi kuli maji gha Chishimba Falls. == Ŵanthu Ŵakumanyikwa == * [[:en:Alexander_Chikwanda|Alexander Chikwanda]] - Minister of Finance, 2011-2016, born in Kasama. == Wonaniso == * [[:en:Railway_stations_in_Zambia|Railway stations in Zambia]] * [[:en:St._John_the_Apostle_Cathedral,_Kasama|St. John the Apostle Cathedral, Kasama]] == Ukaboni == {{Wikivoyage|Kasama}} <references responsive="1"></references> {{Authority control}} 7y05652xic245zqtqn7r7j8jnfc1svr 10 28756 121177 76422 2026-08-17T17:52:17Z en>Oshwah 0 /* List of subst helper templates */ Fix punctuation to be consistent. Added description for listed template. 121177 wikitext text/x-wiki == List of subst helper templates == * {{tl|require substitution}} – Prints an error unless substituted. * {{tl|ifsubst}} – if-then-else metatemplate that checks if a template is currently being substituted or transcluded. ** {{tl|always substitute}} – For the [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|doc]] of the above templates; prints a message asking for it be substituted. ** {{tl|frequently substituted}} – Notice displayed in the documentation of substitution templates notifying the user that the template is widely used. ** {{tl|never substitute}} – The reverse of {{tlf|always substitute}}. For the doc of templates which should ''not'' be substituted; prints a message asking for it not to be substituted. ** {{tl|can be substituted}} – For the doc of templates whose substitution is optional. ** {{tl|may be substituted}} – Same as the template above, but with the adverb ''may'' being used in the notice (instead of ''can''). ** {{tl|substitution}} – Allows free-fill description of whether the template should be substituted and under what conditions. * {{tl|issubst}} – Returns "yes" if substituted. * {{tl|HTML comment}} – To sign substitutions with comments that contain wikitext expansions. * [[Module:Unsubst]] – Prevents substitution. * [[Module:Unsubst-infobox]] – Prevents substitution for infoboxes, cleans up parameters.<noinclude> [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Template namespace templates]] </noinclude> de9cze7fxvmzsje5yw685ne2kzzwcpa 121178 121177 2026-09-04T22:11:17Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:List_of_subst_helper_templates]] 121177 wikitext text/x-wiki == List of subst helper templates == * {{tl|require substitution}} – Prints an error unless substituted. * {{tl|ifsubst}} – if-then-else metatemplate that checks if a template is currently being substituted or transcluded. ** {{tl|always substitute}} – For the [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|doc]] of the above templates; prints a message asking for it be substituted. ** {{tl|frequently substituted}} – Notice displayed in the documentation of substitution templates notifying the user that the template is widely used. ** {{tl|never substitute}} – The reverse of {{tlf|always substitute}}. For the doc of templates which should ''not'' be substituted; prints a message asking for it not to be substituted. ** {{tl|can be substituted}} – For the doc of templates whose substitution is optional. ** {{tl|may be substituted}} – Same as the template above, but with the adverb ''may'' being used in the notice (instead of ''can''). ** {{tl|substitution}} – Allows free-fill description of whether the template should be substituted and under what conditions. * {{tl|issubst}} – Returns "yes" if substituted. * {{tl|HTML comment}} – To sign substitutions with comments that contain wikitext expansions. * [[Module:Unsubst]] – Prevents substitution. * [[Module:Unsubst-infobox]] – Prevents substitution for infoboxes, cleans up parameters.<noinclude> [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Template namespace templates]] </noinclude> de9cze7fxvmzsje5yw685ne2kzzwcpa 10 28757 121179 76424 2024-04-18T18:45:52Z en>Eejit43 0 update templatedata 121179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Distinguish|Template:Subst|Template:Substituted}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{Never substitute}} ==Examples== === With middle text but no additional text at the end === <code><nowiki>{{Substitution|not}}</nowiki></code> produces: {{Substitution|not}} === With both middle text and additional text at the end=== <code><nowiki>{{Substitution|only (at least as of </nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>)|if temperatures fall and it starts to snow}}</nowiki></code> produces: {{Substitution|only (at least as of {{CURRENTYEAR}})|if temperatures fall and it starts to snow}} === With no middle text but some additional text at the end=== <code><nowiki>{{Substitution| |if you wish to ensure your emoji's image remains the same even if its template's image is changed}}</nowiki></code> produces: {{Substitution| |if you wish to ensure your emoji image remains the same even if its template image is changed}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "Use this template to add a message box to a template's documentation subpage indicating if and how that template should be substituted.", "params": { "1": { "label": "1", "description": "Inserts any helpful or instructive text in bold font such as 'always' or 'never' between the words 'should' and 'be' in the resulting message box; if no such instruction is desired, this parameter should be entered as a single blank typed space (in this sense, the parameter is required: it must be an instructive word OR it must be a blank typed space—it must NOT be left with no entry", "example": "never", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "2", "description": "This parameter takes any text you add to it and places it at the end of the sentence that the message box generates; it should NOT end in a period", "example": "unless older versions cannot be found", "type": "string" } }, "format": "inline" } </templatedata> ==See also== * {{tl|Transclusionless}} {{List of subst helper templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| [[Category:Documentation header templates]] }}</includeonly> 3djse40xpu39x1b0c0t4s60gbc69157 121180 121179 2026-09-04T22:11:17Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Substitution/doc]] 121179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Distinguish|Template:Subst|Template:Substituted}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{Never substitute}} ==Examples== === With middle text but no additional text at the end === <code><nowiki>{{Substitution|not}}</nowiki></code> produces: {{Substitution|not}} === With both middle text and additional text at the end=== <code><nowiki>{{Substitution|only (at least as of </nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>)|if temperatures fall and it starts to snow}}</nowiki></code> produces: {{Substitution|only (at least as of {{CURRENTYEAR}})|if temperatures fall and it starts to snow}} === With no middle text but some additional text at the end=== <code><nowiki>{{Substitution| |if you wish to ensure your emoji's image remains the same even if its template's image is changed}}</nowiki></code> produces: {{Substitution| |if you wish to ensure your emoji image remains the same even if its template image is changed}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "Use this template to add a message box to a template's documentation subpage indicating if and how that template should be substituted.", "params": { "1": { "label": "1", "description": "Inserts any helpful or instructive text in bold font such as 'always' or 'never' between the words 'should' and 'be' in the resulting message box; if no such instruction is desired, this parameter should be entered as a single blank typed space (in this sense, the parameter is required: it must be an instructive word OR it must be a blank typed space—it must NOT be left with no entry", "example": "never", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "2", "description": "This parameter takes any text you add to it and places it at the end of the sentence that the message box generates; it should NOT end in a period", "example": "unless older versions cannot be found", "type": "string" } }, "format": "inline" } </templatedata> ==See also== * {{tl|Transclusionless}} {{List of subst helper templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| [[Category:Documentation header templates]] }}</includeonly> 3djse40xpu39x1b0c0t4s60gbc69157 10 28760 121470 80747 2026-08-24T17:39:21Z en>JAAqqO 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1370327941|1370327941]] by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-45469-44|~2026-45469-44]] ([[User talk:~2026-45469-44|talk]]) 121470 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Never substitute}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{-}} {{Template shortcut|Rcats}} ==When editing this navbox template itself== {{Hatnote|'''Note:''' Changes made to this navbox must '''also''' be made to the [[#See also|functional index]], and vice versa.}} ===Avoid double redirects in the navbox=== {{Further|Wikipedia:Navigation template|Wikipedia:Redirect#Bypass redirects in navigational templates}} As with all navbox templates, if you edit the contents of the nest box template itself, please do not use aliases (titles of redirects). Use a direct link to the title, in either plain or piped format. In any navbox, redirects are not any [[WP:AUDIENCE|audience's]] friend. If the title of the target page of the redirect page, that is, the title of the non-redirect subject page is used in the navbox, then the title will appear not as a link, but as a bold, unclickable entry that's easy to find when the navbox is placed on that entry's page. However, a redirect listed in the same navbox on the same page will not appear in unclickable bold text but as a link, which could send an editor on a confusing runaround if they click the redirect's title. ==When looking through this navbox or adding its template to other pages == ===Purpose of this navbox template=== {{Linking and page manipulation|categorization}} You can use this [[Wikipedia:Navboxes|navbox (navigation box)]] template to quickly find the [[WP:RCAT|redirect category templates]] (rcats or, much more rarely, redcats) to add near the bottom of a redirect page that you are creating or editing. The rcats are organized by function. For information on placing these rcats on redirects (redirect pages; a Wikipedia page that sends the browser to a different article, [[Wikipedia:Project namespace|project page]], or other type of English Wikipedia page), see the rcat's own documentation page or [[WP:REDCAT]]. For an expanded index (not a navbox) with examples and a complete [[Alphanumeric|alphanumerical]] listing of redirect category templates, see [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages]]. The links on this page's navbox template lead either to sections on that expanded index page or less often to other explanatory pages associated with rcats. === Usage === This navbox belongs at the bottom of template documentation pages (above the categories). Add either {{tlc|R template index}} or its shortcut, {{tlc|Rcats}}, in the following manner: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{R template index}} </syntaxhighlight> === Visibility parameter <code>|state=</code> and its options=== {{Collapsible option|default=collapsed}} === See also === * {{section link|Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#List of redirects by function}}, a functional index that is composed of each and every rcat (Redirect CATegory) template in this navbox. {{center|''{{maroon|'''Note:''' Additions made to the above functional index must '''also''' be added to this navbox, and vice versa.}}''}} * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Redirect/Style guide]] * [[Wikipedia:Printability]] * [[:Category:Redirect templates]] * {{Section link |Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates#Navigation templates}} {{Wikipedia templates|expanded}} {{Wikipedia technical help}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> {{DEFAULTSORT:R Template Index}} [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Redirect templates| ]] [[Category:Wikipedia redirecting|*]] [[Category:WikiProject Redirect templates]] }}</includeonly> t26iks8tnssukppn3o36nbqih9jmxdc 121473 121470 2026-09-04T22:17:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:R_template_index/doc]] 121470 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Never substitute}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{-}} {{Template shortcut|Rcats}} ==When editing this navbox template itself== {{Hatnote|'''Note:''' Changes made to this navbox must '''also''' be made to the [[#See also|functional index]], and vice versa.}} ===Avoid double redirects in the navbox=== {{Further|Wikipedia:Navigation template|Wikipedia:Redirect#Bypass redirects in navigational templates}} As with all navbox templates, if you edit the contents of the nest box template itself, please do not use aliases (titles of redirects). Use a direct link to the title, in either plain or piped format. In any navbox, redirects are not any [[WP:AUDIENCE|audience's]] friend. If the title of the target page of the redirect page, that is, the title of the non-redirect subject page is used in the navbox, then the title will appear not as a link, but as a bold, unclickable entry that's easy to find when the navbox is placed on that entry's page. However, a redirect listed in the same navbox on the same page will not appear in unclickable bold text but as a link, which could send an editor on a confusing runaround if they click the redirect's title. ==When looking through this navbox or adding its template to other pages == ===Purpose of this navbox template=== {{Linking and page manipulation|categorization}} You can use this [[Wikipedia:Navboxes|navbox (navigation box)]] template to quickly find the [[WP:RCAT|redirect category templates]] (rcats or, much more rarely, redcats) to add near the bottom of a redirect page that you are creating or editing. The rcats are organized by function. For information on placing these rcats on redirects (redirect pages; a Wikipedia page that sends the browser to a different article, [[Wikipedia:Project namespace|project page]], or other type of English Wikipedia page), see the rcat's own documentation page or [[WP:REDCAT]]. For an expanded index (not a navbox) with examples and a complete [[Alphanumeric|alphanumerical]] listing of redirect category templates, see [[Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages]]. The links on this page's navbox template lead either to sections on that expanded index page or less often to other explanatory pages associated with rcats. === Usage === This navbox belongs at the bottom of template documentation pages (above the categories). Add either {{tlc|R template index}} or its shortcut, {{tlc|Rcats}}, in the following manner: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{R template index}} </syntaxhighlight> === Visibility parameter <code>|state=</code> and its options=== {{Collapsible option|default=collapsed}} === See also === * {{section link|Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages#List of redirects by function}}, a functional index that is composed of each and every rcat (Redirect CATegory) template in this navbox. {{center|''{{maroon|'''Note:''' Additions made to the above functional index must '''also''' be added to this navbox, and vice versa.}}''}} * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Redirect/Style guide]] * [[Wikipedia:Printability]] * [[:Category:Redirect templates]] * {{Section link |Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates#Navigation templates}} {{Wikipedia templates|expanded}} {{Wikipedia technical help}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> {{DEFAULTSORT:R Template Index}} [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Redirect templates| ]] [[Category:Wikipedia redirecting|*]] [[Category:WikiProject Redirect templates]] }}</includeonly> t26iks8tnssukppn3o36nbqih9jmxdc 10 29128 121089 105587 2025-03-06T23:47:41Z en>Explicit 0 [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2025 February 27#Template:Syntaxhighlight]] closed as keep ([[WP:XFDC#4.0.16|XFDcloser]]) 121089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#tag:syntaxhighlight|{{{code|{{{1}}}}}}|lang="{{{lang|{{{2|text}}}}}}"|{{#ifeq:{{{border|}}}|no|style="border: none !important"}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- This template's categories are added at the /doc subpage. Not here. Thanks. --> </noinclude> 1hdhalftmcb4dw994xcs5qqlsimsvq7 121090 121089 2026-09-04T22:07:45Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Syntaxhighlight]] 121089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#tag:syntaxhighlight|{{{code|{{{1}}}}}}|lang="{{{lang|{{{2|text}}}}}}"|{{#ifeq:{{{border|}}}|no|style="border: none !important"}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- This template's categories are added at the /doc subpage. Not here. Thanks. --> </noinclude> 1hdhalftmcb4dw994xcs5qqlsimsvq7 10 29335 121109 77519 2025-10-13T08:52:00Z en>Rich Farmbrough 0 Allow text variation. 121109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B={{ambox |small = left |style = width: auto; |textstyle = width: auto; |text = {{#switch: {{{type|{{{1|}}}}}} | alumni = This alumni, faculty and related people list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete alumni lists]]}} | Film | film = This film-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete film lists]]}} | literature = This literature-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete literature lists]]}} | music = This list of songs or music-related items{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete music lists]]}} | personnel = This musical group's list of members{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Musical group articles with incomplete personnel listings]]}} | sportresults = This list of sports fixtures or results{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete sports result lists]]}} | science = This science-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete science lists]]}} | sport = This sports-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete sports lists]]}} | transport = This transport-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete transport lists]]}} | television = This television-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete television lists]]}} | video game | videogames = This list related to video games{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete video game lists]]}} | video = This list related to film, television, or video{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete film, television, or video lists]]}} |This list}} is [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists#Incomplete lists|incomplete]]; you can help by [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} adding missing {{{items|items}}}]. |date = {{{date|}}} }}{{main other|{{TDMCA|Incomplete lists|from|{{{date|}}}}}}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> pb33mhfx9ikrob8vh1ys69ganojoxf0 121110 121109 2026-09-04T22:09:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Incomplete_list]] 121109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B={{ambox |small = left |style = width: auto; |textstyle = width: auto; |text = {{#switch: {{{type|{{{1|}}}}}} | alumni = This alumni, faculty and related people list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete alumni lists]]}} | Film | film = This film-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete film lists]]}} | literature = This literature-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete literature lists]]}} | music = This list of songs or music-related items{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete music lists]]}} | personnel = This musical group's list of members{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Musical group articles with incomplete personnel listings]]}} | sportresults = This list of sports fixtures or results{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete sports result lists]]}} | science = This science-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete science lists]]}} | sport = This sports-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete sports lists]]}} | transport = This transport-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete transport lists]]}} | television = This television-related list{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete television lists]]}} | video game | videogames = This list related to video games{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete video game lists]]}} | video = This list related to film, television, or video{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Category:Incomplete film, television, or video lists]]}} |This list}} is [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists#Incomplete lists|incomplete]]; you can help by [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} adding missing {{{items|items}}}]. |date = {{{date|}}} }}{{main other|{{TDMCA|Incomplete lists|from|{{{date|}}}}}}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> pb33mhfx9ikrob8vh1ys69ganojoxf0 10 29339 121163 98542 2026-08-17T20:55:27Z en>Andrybak 0 /* Tracking categories */ new section – categories as of [[Special:Permalink/1316582854]] 121163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{High-use}} {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> {{tsh|iclist}} ==Usage== {{Tlx|Incomplete list|2=date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} Place this template tag in an article, immediately before any [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists#Incomplete lists|incomplete list]]. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOT|not a directory]], nor an [[WP:IINFO|indiscriminate collection of information]]; lists should have a clearly defined purpose and inclusion criteria. As such, an incomplete list is any well-defined list which is missing obvious entries. This template categorizes pages into [[:Category:Incomplete lists]]. Other, more specific versions of this template can be used, either by typing <code><nowiki>{{Incomplete list|<scope>|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> (replacing 'scope' with one of valid parameters listed in the TemplateData section) or by using one of the [[WP:WRAPPER|wrapper]] templates listed below. ==TemplateData== <templatedata> { "description": "A template identifying a list as incomplete", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "Topic", "description": "The topic the incomplete list is within. To display the default message, omit this parameter.", "type": "string", "suggestedvalues": [ "film", "literature", "music", "personnel", "sportresults", "science", "sport", "transport", "television", "videogames", "video" ] }, "date": { "label": "Month and year", "description": "The month and year that the template was placed (in full). \"{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}\" inserts the current month and year automatically.", "type": "line", "autovalue": "{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}", "example": "January 2013", "suggested": true }, "type": {}, "items": { "label": "Items override", "description": "Text to override the word \"items\" in \"You can help by adding missing items.\"", "example": "birth and death dates", "type": "string", "default": "items" } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Incomplete alumni lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete film lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete literature lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete music lists}} * {{clc|Musical group articles with incomplete personnel listings}} * {{clc|Incomplete sports result lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete science lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete sports lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete transport lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete television lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete video game lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete film, television, or video lists}} {{Incomplete list/metadoc}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- CATEGORIES HERE, THANKS --> [[Category:Incomplete list maintenance templates]]}}</includeonly> hwob0h24bo2jcj4p98h869gwp71755k 121164 121163 2026-09-04T22:10:26Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Incomplete_list/doc]] 121163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{High-use}} {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> {{tsh|iclist}} ==Usage== {{Tlx|Incomplete list|2=date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} Place this template tag in an article, immediately before any [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists#Incomplete lists|incomplete list]]. Wikipedia is [[WP:NOT|not a directory]], nor an [[WP:IINFO|indiscriminate collection of information]]; lists should have a clearly defined purpose and inclusion criteria. As such, an incomplete list is any well-defined list which is missing obvious entries. This template categorizes pages into [[:Category:Incomplete lists]]. Other, more specific versions of this template can be used, either by typing <code><nowiki>{{Incomplete list|<scope>|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> (replacing 'scope' with one of valid parameters listed in the TemplateData section) or by using one of the [[WP:WRAPPER|wrapper]] templates listed below. ==TemplateData== <templatedata> { "description": "A template identifying a list as incomplete", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "Topic", "description": "The topic the incomplete list is within. To display the default message, omit this parameter.", "type": "string", "suggestedvalues": [ "film", "literature", "music", "personnel", "sportresults", "science", "sport", "transport", "television", "videogames", "video" ] }, "date": { "label": "Month and year", "description": "The month and year that the template was placed (in full). \"{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}\" inserts the current month and year automatically.", "type": "line", "autovalue": "{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}", "example": "January 2013", "suggested": true }, "type": {}, "items": { "label": "Items override", "description": "Text to override the word \"items\" in \"You can help by adding missing items.\"", "example": "birth and death dates", "type": "string", "default": "items" } } } </templatedata> ==Tracking categories== * {{clc|Incomplete alumni lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete film lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete literature lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete music lists}} * {{clc|Musical group articles with incomplete personnel listings}} * {{clc|Incomplete sports result lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete science lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete sports lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete transport lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete television lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete video game lists}} * {{clc|Incomplete film, television, or video lists}} {{Incomplete list/metadoc}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- CATEGORIES HERE, THANKS --> [[Category:Incomplete list maintenance templates]]}}</includeonly> hwob0h24bo2jcj4p98h869gwp71755k 10 29728 121143 78476 2023-11-11T17:24:21Z en>HouseBlaster 0 [[MOS:BLANKALT]], update, detect namespace (if it is not in the module namespace it is used as a template, even if it is not in the template namespace) 121143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ombox | type = style | image = [[File:Ambox warning yellow.svg|40x40px|link=|alt=]] | text = Due to a server limit of '''500''' "[[Help:Template limits#Expensive parser function calls|expensive parser function]]" calls <small>(e.g. [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|#ifexist:]], [[mw:Help:Magic words#Technical metadata|PAGESIZE:]], and [[mw:Help:Magic words#Statistics|PAGESINCATEGORY:]])</small>, this {{#ifeq: Module | {{NAMESPACE}} | module | template}} will only work properly if the page using it has not already exceeded the limit. When the limit is exceeded, the page using this template or module is categorised in [[:Category:Pages with too many expensive parser function calls]]. <small>(''[[Template:Expensive|further information]]'')</small> }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}} <!-- Categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis to Wikidata; thanks! --> </noinclude> 5eo16jt56egm8pzlm2g5h5l9xe38uwz 121144 121143 2026-09-04T22:10:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Expensive]] 121143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ombox | type = style | image = [[File:Ambox warning yellow.svg|40x40px|link=|alt=]] | text = Due to a server limit of '''500''' "[[Help:Template limits#Expensive parser function calls|expensive parser function]]" calls <small>(e.g. [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|#ifexist:]], [[mw:Help:Magic words#Technical metadata|PAGESIZE:]], and [[mw:Help:Magic words#Statistics|PAGESINCATEGORY:]])</small>, this {{#ifeq: Module | {{NAMESPACE}} | module | template}} will only work properly if the page using it has not already exceeded the limit. When the limit is exceeded, the page using this template or module is categorised in [[:Category:Pages with too many expensive parser function calls]]. <small>(''[[Template:Expensive|further information]]'')</small> }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}} <!-- Categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis to Wikidata; thanks! --> </noinclude> 5eo16jt56egm8pzlm2g5h5l9xe38uwz 10 30067 121167 79191 2024-10-07T17:14:03Z en>Ahecht 0 {{Redirect category shell| {{R with history}} {{R from modification}} }} per edit request 121167 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Plainlist]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R with history}} {{R from modification}} }} 8nble4kp50tf36jlxqz00di73ygcjik 121168 121167 2026-09-04T22:10:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Startplainlist]] 121167 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Plainlist]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R with history}} {{R from modification}} }} 8nble4kp50tf36jlxqz00di73ygcjik 10 30654 121205 80471 2025-12-26T01:03:04Z en>Quindraco 0 Generic support for any valid valign, not just super and sub. 121205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst<noinclude />:#switch: {{{valign|sub}}} | normal = <span style="line-height:{{{3|{{{2|180%}}}}}}"><span style="font-size:{{{2|180%}}};">{{{1}}}</span></span> | #default=<span style="vertical-align:{{{valign|sub}}};"><span style="vertical-align:{{{valign|sub}}};line-height:{{{3|{{{2|180%}}}}}}"><span style="font-size:{{{2|180%}}}; vertical-align:{{{valign|sub}}};">{{{1}}}</span></span></span> }}<noinclude> <!-- Please add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you. --> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 3ptaqut5hwbtic4md03xpx0kin3qo2k 121206 121205 2026-09-04T22:14:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Huge]] 121205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst<noinclude />:#switch: {{{valign|sub}}} | normal = <span style="line-height:{{{3|{{{2|180%}}}}}}"><span style="font-size:{{{2|180%}}};">{{{1}}}</span></span> | #default=<span style="vertical-align:{{{valign|sub}}};"><span style="vertical-align:{{{valign|sub}}};line-height:{{{3|{{{2|180%}}}}}}"><span style="font-size:{{{2|180%}}}; vertical-align:{{{valign|sub}}};">{{{1}}}</span></span></span> }}<noinclude> <!-- Please add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you. --> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 3ptaqut5hwbtic4md03xpx0kin3qo2k 10 30655 121209 102062 2025-04-02T10:06:32Z en>Gonnym 0 same here 121209 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" |+ Font size templates {{view|Template:Font size templates|edit|brackets=y}} |- ! Code for inline content !! Code for block content !! Size !! Result |- | {{tlx|small|text}} || {{tlx|smalldiv|text}} || 85% || {{small|text}} |- | {{tlx|resize|text}} || {{tlx|resizediv|text}} || 90% || {{resize|text}} |- | {{CNone|none}} || {{CNone|none}} || 100% || text |- | {{tlx|large|text}} || {{tlx|largediv|text}} || 120% || {{large|text}} |- | {{tlx|huge|text}} || || 180% || {{huge|text}} |- | {{tlx|resize|<var>x</var>%|text}} || {{tlx|resizediv|<var>x</var>%|text}} || custom || varies |- | {{tlx|font|size{{=}}<var>x</var>%}} || || custom || varies |}<noinclude> [[Category:Resizing templates| ]] </noinclude> dqvndc96j1fg3ug0iud19a8t7vyzyn5 121210 121209 2026-09-04T22:14:04Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Font_size_templates]] 121209 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" |+ Font size templates {{view|Template:Font size templates|edit|brackets=y}} |- ! Code for inline content !! Code for block content !! Size !! Result |- | {{tlx|small|text}} || {{tlx|smalldiv|text}} || 85% || {{small|text}} |- | {{tlx|resize|text}} || {{tlx|resizediv|text}} || 90% || {{resize|text}} |- | {{CNone|none}} || {{CNone|none}} || 100% || text |- | {{tlx|large|text}} || {{tlx|largediv|text}} || 120% || {{large|text}} |- | {{tlx|huge|text}} || || 180% || {{huge|text}} |- | {{tlx|resize|<var>x</var>%|text}} || {{tlx|resizediv|<var>x</var>%|text}} || custom || varies |- | {{tlx|font|size{{=}}<var>x</var>%}} || || custom || varies |}<noinclude> [[Category:Resizing templates| ]] </noinclude> dqvndc96j1fg3ug0iud19a8t7vyzyn5 10 30656 121253 80477 2025-11-22T13:48:12Z en>W.andrea 0 /* top */ +link 121253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-risk| 901592 }} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Notice|As of [[Special:Diff/724648585|June 10, 2016]], a rule has been added to MediaWiki:Common.css, so now {{tag|small|o}} consistently renders at size that is 85% of the surrounding text. This template remains as a convenience wrapper.}} {{Template redirect|Smaller|Petit|HW-small|Sma}} {{tlb|Small}} is a replacement for {{tag|small|link=y}}. == Usage == Remember "Avoid using smaller font sizes in elements that already use a smaller font size, such as infoboxes, navboxes and references sections", per [[MOS:ACCESS#Font size]] and [[MOS:SMALLFONT]]. Using this template within an infobox would produce a font size 75% of the page default, well below the 85% minimum specified in the linked guidelines. <!-- Per [[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 159#Infobox font size]], common text within an infobox is 88% of page default. Therefore use of this template in an infobox yields 74.8% of page default (0.88 * 0.85). --> The only parameter is the content and may contain templates, images, etc. if a block needs to be wrapped in this template and contains such elements. Note that if the <code>=</code> character appears in the content, the parameter must be explicitly specified as {{para|1}}. ==Usage with multiple lines== Do not use this template to wrap multiple lines; doing so will cause [[Special:LintErrors|Linter]] errors. If you need to wrap multiple list items or multiple paragraphs, use {{tl|smalldiv}} around the entire block, or wrap each list item or paragraph separately. Thus {{done|Good practice}}: {{anchor|small-dos}} {| class="wikitable" |- !input !shows |- | <code><nowiki>What a wonderful world</nowiki></code> | What a wonderful world |- | <code><nowiki>{{small|What a wonderful world}}</nowiki></code> | {{small|What a wonderful world}} |- | <code><nowiki>{{small|1=3 + 2 = 5}}</nowiki></code> | {{small|1=3 + 2 = 5}} |- |<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{small|1=103}} {{small|1=+ 2}} —— {{small|1=105}}</syntaxhighlight> |{{small|1=103}} {{small|1=+ 2}} —— {{small|1=105}} |} {{not done|Don't do this}}: {{anchor|small-don'ts}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{small| *One *Two *Three}}</syntaxhighlight> {{done|Do this instead}}: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{smalldiv| *One *Two *Three}}</syntaxhighlight> == TemplateData == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "A template shortcut for the \"small\" HTML tag that makes the font smaller", "params": { "1": { "label": "Text", "description": "The text that you'd like to be made smaller", "type": "string", "required": true } } } </templatedata> == Tracking categories == * {{clc|Pages using small with an empty input parameter}} * {{clc|Pages using small with unknown parameters}} == See also == {{font size templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- TEMPLATE CATEGORIES HERE, THANKS --> [[Category:Resizing templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 0es6jwk3kwxp73vn27v9h44s4gnjy1n 121254 121253 2026-09-04T22:15:05Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Small/doc]] 121253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-risk| 901592 }} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Notice|As of [[Special:Diff/724648585|June 10, 2016]], a rule has been added to MediaWiki:Common.css, so now {{tag|small|o}} consistently renders at size that is 85% of the surrounding text. This template remains as a convenience wrapper.}} {{Template redirect|Smaller|Petit|HW-small|Sma}} {{tlb|Small}} is a replacement for {{tag|small|link=y}}. == Usage == Remember "Avoid using smaller font sizes in elements that already use a smaller font size, such as infoboxes, navboxes and references sections", per [[MOS:ACCESS#Font size]] and [[MOS:SMALLFONT]]. Using this template within an infobox would produce a font size 75% of the page default, well below the 85% minimum specified in the linked guidelines. <!-- Per [[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 159#Infobox font size]], common text within an infobox is 88% of page default. Therefore use of this template in an infobox yields 74.8% of page default (0.88 * 0.85). --> The only parameter is the content and may contain templates, images, etc. if a block needs to be wrapped in this template and contains such elements. Note that if the <code>=</code> character appears in the content, the parameter must be explicitly specified as {{para|1}}. ==Usage with multiple lines== Do not use this template to wrap multiple lines; doing so will cause [[Special:LintErrors|Linter]] errors. If you need to wrap multiple list items or multiple paragraphs, use {{tl|smalldiv}} around the entire block, or wrap each list item or paragraph separately. Thus {{done|Good practice}}: {{anchor|small-dos}} {| class="wikitable" |- !input !shows |- | <code><nowiki>What a wonderful world</nowiki></code> | What a wonderful world |- | <code><nowiki>{{small|What a wonderful world}}</nowiki></code> | {{small|What a wonderful world}} |- | <code><nowiki>{{small|1=3 + 2 = 5}}</nowiki></code> | {{small|1=3 + 2 = 5}} |- |<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{small|1=103}} {{small|1=+ 2}} —— {{small|1=105}}</syntaxhighlight> |{{small|1=103}} {{small|1=+ 2}} —— {{small|1=105}} |} {{not done|Don't do this}}: {{anchor|small-don'ts}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{small| *One *Two *Three}}</syntaxhighlight> {{done|Do this instead}}: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{smalldiv| *One *Two *Three}}</syntaxhighlight> == TemplateData == {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "A template shortcut for the \"small\" HTML tag that makes the font smaller", "params": { "1": { "label": "Text", "description": "The text that you'd like to be made smaller", "type": "string", "required": true } } } </templatedata> == Tracking categories == * {{clc|Pages using small with an empty input parameter}} * {{clc|Pages using small with unknown parameters}} == See also == {{font size templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- TEMPLATE CATEGORIES HERE, THANKS --> [[Category:Resizing templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 0es6jwk3kwxp73vn27v9h44s4gnjy1n 10 30657 121255 80479 2023-10-30T02:55:37Z 2600:1700:A2A0:FB50:3DF8:1DDB:3DFA:69FB 121255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> == Usage == This template is used to enlarge the size (but compensate for line height while doing so) in order to make diacritic marks in linguistic articles easier to discern in detail and distinguish from each other. * {{tlx|Huge|<var>diacritic mark to make large</var>}} If the value passed to the template is or contains a "=" (equals sign) character it must be done like so: * {{tlx|Huge|1&#61;<var>&#61;</var>}} or * {{tlx|Huge|<var>&amp;#61;</var>}} This template is compatible with {{tl|IPA}}, and similar templates. ;Example of typical usage: * <code><nowiki>Blah blah blah {{Huge|῾}} versus {{Huge|᾽}} blah blah.</nowiki></code> This looks like: * Blah blah blah {{Huge|῾}} versus {{Huge|᾽}} blah blah. The size may also be specified, setting equivalent line spacing by default: {{tlx|Huge|<var>&amp;&#61;</var>|500%}} {{Huge|<var>&amp;&#61;</var>|500%}} Or, you may choose to specify line spacing: ---- {{tlx|Huge|&amp;<nowiki><br /></nowiki>&#61;|300%}} ---- {{tlx|Huge|&amp;<nowiki><br /></nowiki>&#61;|300%|0%}} ---- {{Huge|&amp;<br />&#61;|300%}} ---- {{Huge|&amp;<br />&#61;|300%|0%}} ---- <br /> Alignment can also be altered: '''valign''' can be set to "sub" (the default), "super", or "normal". {{tlx|Huge|sub}} {{tlx|Huge|super<nowiki>|valign=super</nowiki>}} {{tlx|Huge|normal<nowiki>|valign=normal</nowiki>}} {{Huge|sub}}{{Huge|super|valign=super}}{{Huge|normal|valign=normal}} <br /> Finally, here's an example of putting it all together: {{tlx|Huge|Wiki<nowiki><br /></nowiki>Wiki|300%|200%<nowiki>|valign=super</nowiki>}}<nowiki><br /></nowiki>Wiki Wiki. ---- {{Huge|Wiki<br />Wiki|300%|200%|valign=super}}<br />Wiki Wiki. ==TemplateData== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "Enlarge the size of diacritic marks and compensate for line height.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Mark", "description": "The diacritic mark to make large.", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Font size", "description": "Font size as a percentage. Default is 180%.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "3": { "label": "Line height", "description": "Line height, defaults to font size or 180%.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "valign": { "label": "valign", "description": "Vertical alignment. Either 'normal', 'super' or 'sub' (the default).", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> == See also == {{font size templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other| | <!-- CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE: --> [[Category:Resizing templates]] }}</includeonly> ldc5yyzib1ftmsxs9hwowi7vfv60k2u 121256 121255 2026-09-04T22:15:34Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Huge/doc]] 121255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> == Usage == This template is used to enlarge the size (but compensate for line height while doing so) in order to make diacritic marks in linguistic articles easier to discern in detail and distinguish from each other. * {{tlx|Huge|<var>diacritic mark to make large</var>}} If the value passed to the template is or contains a "=" (equals sign) character it must be done like so: * {{tlx|Huge|1&#61;<var>&#61;</var>}} or * {{tlx|Huge|<var>&amp;#61;</var>}} This template is compatible with {{tl|IPA}}, and similar templates. ;Example of typical usage: * <code><nowiki>Blah blah blah {{Huge|῾}} versus {{Huge|᾽}} blah blah.</nowiki></code> This looks like: * Blah blah blah {{Huge|῾}} versus {{Huge|᾽}} blah blah. The size may also be specified, setting equivalent line spacing by default: {{tlx|Huge|<var>&amp;&#61;</var>|500%}} {{Huge|<var>&amp;&#61;</var>|500%}} Or, you may choose to specify line spacing: ---- {{tlx|Huge|&amp;<nowiki><br /></nowiki>&#61;|300%}} ---- {{tlx|Huge|&amp;<nowiki><br /></nowiki>&#61;|300%|0%}} ---- {{Huge|&amp;<br />&#61;|300%}} ---- {{Huge|&amp;<br />&#61;|300%|0%}} ---- <br /> Alignment can also be altered: '''valign''' can be set to "sub" (the default), "super", or "normal". {{tlx|Huge|sub}} {{tlx|Huge|super<nowiki>|valign=super</nowiki>}} {{tlx|Huge|normal<nowiki>|valign=normal</nowiki>}} {{Huge|sub}}{{Huge|super|valign=super}}{{Huge|normal|valign=normal}} <br /> Finally, here's an example of putting it all together: {{tlx|Huge|Wiki<nowiki><br /></nowiki>Wiki|300%|200%<nowiki>|valign=super</nowiki>}}<nowiki><br /></nowiki>Wiki Wiki. ---- {{Huge|Wiki<br />Wiki|300%|200%|valign=super}}<br />Wiki Wiki. ==TemplateData== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "description": "Enlarge the size of diacritic marks and compensate for line height.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Mark", "description": "The diacritic mark to make large.", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Font size", "description": "Font size as a percentage. Default is 180%.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "3": { "label": "Line height", "description": "Line height, defaults to font size or 180%.", "type": "string", "required": false }, "valign": { "label": "valign", "description": "Vertical alignment. Either 'normal', 'super' or 'sub' (the default).", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </templatedata> == See also == {{font size templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other| | <!-- CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE: --> [[Category:Resizing templates]] }}</includeonly> ldc5yyzib1ftmsxs9hwowi7vfv60k2u 10 30658 121495 80485 2026-01-04T18:00:23Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:CellCategory]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 256 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121495 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="color:black;background: <nowiki>#</nowiki>{{CategoryBgColor|{{{1|}}}}};{{#if:{{{align|}}}| vertical-align: {{#switch: {{lc:{{{align}}}}} | ml | mc | mr = middle | bl | bc | br = bottom | #default = top }}; text-align: {{#switch: {{lc:{{{align}}}}} | tc | mc | bc = center | tr | mr | br = right | #default = left }};}}"|{{{2|}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation}} </noinclude> aq71m8xmc06dpzxdkhhz2m1g3vh7s59 121496 121495 2026-09-04T22:17:50Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:CellCategory]] 121495 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="color:black;background: <nowiki>#</nowiki>{{CategoryBgColor|{{{1|}}}}};{{#if:{{{align|}}}| vertical-align: {{#switch: {{lc:{{{align}}}}} | ml | mc | mr = middle | bl | bc | br = bottom | #default = top }}; text-align: {{#switch: {{lc:{{{align}}}}} | tc | mc | bc = center | tr | mr | br = right | #default = left }};}}"|{{{2|}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation}} </noinclude> aq71m8xmc06dpzxdkhhz2m1g3vh7s59 10 30659 121497 80487 2026-01-03T18:00:26Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:CategoryBgColor]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 80486 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#switch: {{lc:{{{1|}}}}} |1 = FFF2AE |2 = E6F5C9 |3 = FEE7D6 |4 = D9F1E6 |5 = FAE6F2 |6 = E7ECF4 |7 = F5EAD9 |#default = EBEBEB }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 1oco5zj0ds5r6cijo21sax2ah4p7odr 121498 121497 2026-09-04T22:17:51Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:CategoryBgColor]] 80486 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#switch: {{lc:{{{1|}}}}} |1 = FFF2AE |2 = E6F5C9 |3 = FEE7D6 |4 = D9F1E6 |5 = FAE6F2 |6 = E7ECF4 |7 = F5EAD9 |#default = EBEBEB }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 1oco5zj0ds5r6cijo21sax2ah4p7odr 10 30672 121203 80513 2025-08-05T05:36:22Z en>Theknightwho 0 Cleaner code. 121203 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:#if:x <noinclude><!-- Remove surrounding whitespace --></noinclude> | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with full pagename --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }} <noinclude><!-- Has data, or is empty but defined --></noinclude> | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "User:Somepage/+" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|1|1}}/+ | <noinclude><!-- Else, are we on a subpage or a basepage? --></noinclude> {{safesubst:#if:{{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|2}} | <noinclude><!-- We are on a subpage, check for match with "User:Somepage/*" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|1|1}}/* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "Somepage/*" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{safesubst:PAGENAME:{{{page|}}}}} | {{safesubst:PAGENAME}} }}|1|1}}/* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/something" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}} | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/somethin*" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:lc: {{safesubst:padleft:|8| {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}}# }} }}* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/someth*" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:lc: {{safesubst:padleft:|6| {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}}# }} }}* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/some*" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:lc: {{safesubst:padleft:|4| {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}}# }} }}* <noinclude><!-- Pad with # so "/a" doesn't match "/aaaa*" --></noinclude> | {{{subpage| {{{other|}}} }}} <noinclude><!-- Respecting empty parameter on purpose --></noinclude> }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} | <noinclude><!-- We are on a basepage, check for match with "Somepage" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{safesubst:PAGENAME:{{{page|}}}}} | {{safesubst:PAGENAME}} }} | {{{basepage| {{{other|}}} }}} <noinclude><!-- Respecting empty parameter on purpose --></noinclude> }}} }} <noinclude><!-- End if, are we on a subpage or a basepage? --></noinclude> }}} }}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories and interwikis to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> r1aiagj3f205j5kkqg8hl6mmz40n7lu 121204 121203 2026-09-04T22:14:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:When_pagename_is]] 121203 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:#if:x <noinclude><!-- Remove surrounding whitespace --></noinclude> | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with full pagename --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }} <noinclude><!-- Has data, or is empty but defined --></noinclude> | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "User:Somepage/+" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|1|1}}/+ | <noinclude><!-- Else, are we on a subpage or a basepage? --></noinclude> {{safesubst:#if:{{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|2}} | <noinclude><!-- We are on a subpage, check for match with "User:Somepage/*" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|1|1}}/* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "Somepage/*" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{safesubst:PAGENAME:{{{page|}}}}} | {{safesubst:PAGENAME}} }}|1|1}}/* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/something" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}} | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/somethin*" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:lc: {{safesubst:padleft:|8| {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}}# }} }}* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/someth*" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:lc: {{safesubst:padleft:|6| {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}}# }} }}* | <noinclude><!-- Check for match with "/some*" --></noinclude> {{{ /{{safesubst:lc: {{safesubst:padleft:|4| {{safesubst:#titleparts:{{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{{page|}}} | {{safesubst:FULLPAGENAME}} }}|0|-1}}# }} }}* <noinclude><!-- Pad with # so "/a" doesn't match "/aaaa*" --></noinclude> | {{{subpage| {{{other|}}} }}} <noinclude><!-- Respecting empty parameter on purpose --></noinclude> }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} | <noinclude><!-- We are on a basepage, check for match with "Somepage" --></noinclude> {{{ {{safesubst:#if:{{{page|}}}| {{safesubst:PAGENAME:{{{page|}}}}} | {{safesubst:PAGENAME}} }} | {{{basepage| {{{other|}}} }}} <noinclude><!-- Respecting empty parameter on purpose --></noinclude> }}} }} <noinclude><!-- End if, are we on a subpage or a basepage? --></noinclude> }}} }}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories and interwikis to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> r1aiagj3f205j5kkqg8hl6mmz40n7lu 10 30676 121023 80525 2026-08-30T14:59:54Z en>W.andrea 0 /* All parameters */ semantic markup (italics → var) 121023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{Tlr|clear=right|Horizontal list|dotlist}} {{Used in system|in [[MediaWiki:Citethispage-content]]}} {{Uses TemplateStyles}} {{Lua|Module:List}} {{Cascade-protected template}} This template creates [[WP:HLIST|horizontal lists]]. Each item in the list may be individually styled with [[CSS]]. Lists output by {{tl|Flatlist}} and {{tl|Hlist}} are semantically and visually identical, and differ only in the wiki markup used to create the lists. __TOC__ {{-}} == Usage == ===Basic usage=== {{tlf|hlist|{{var|first item}}|{{var|second item}}|{{var|third item}}|{{var|...}}}} ===All parameters=== {{pre|<nowiki>{{</nowiki>hlist <nowiki>|</nowiki>{{var|first item}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{var|second item}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{var|third item}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>... <nowiki>|class = </nowiki>{{var|class for div tag}} <nowiki>|style = </nowiki>{{var|style for div tag}} <nowiki>|list_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for ul tag}} <nowiki>|item_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for all li tags}} <nowiki>|item1_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for first li tag}} <nowiki>|item2_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for second li tag}} <nowiki>|</nowiki>... <nowiki>|indent = </nowiki>{{var|the number of tabs to indent}} <nowiki>}}</nowiki> }} ===Example=== {{demo |<nowiki>{{hlist|Jazz|rock|pop|rap}}</nowiki> |sep=produces:}} == Parameters == * Positional parameters (<code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>...): these are the list items. If no list items are present, the module will output nothing. * <code>class</code>: a custom class for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list. Set to <code>inline</code> when using {{tlf|hlist}} inside text. * <code>style</code>: a custom CSS style for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list, e.g. <code>font-size: 90%;</code>. * <code>list_style</code>: a custom CSS style for the {{tag|ul}} tags around the list. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter. * <code>item_style</code>: a custom CSS style for all of the list items (the {{Tag|li}} tags). The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter. *: Avoid using the style <code>white-space:nowrap</code> in the <code>item_style</code> parameter, because it will have the unintended effect of avoiding line breaks anywhere in the list, instead of just inside the list item; the workaround is to move this style in the <code>list_style</code> parameter, and then insert {{Tl|Wbr}} at the ''beginning'' of each item value, to insert an invisible word-break opportunity (and not at ''end'' of the item value, as the word-break would occur just before the trailing spaced-bullet separator). * <code>item1_style</code>, <code>item2_style</code>, <code>item3_style</code>...: custom CSS styles for each of the list items. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter. * <code>indent</code>: the number of tabs to indent the list. Default value is 0. == Examples == {{Markup | <nowiki>{{hlist|entry1|entry2|entry3|entry4|entry5|entry6|entry7|entry8|entry9}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|entry1|entry2|entry3|entry4|entry5|entry6|entry7|entry8|entry9}} | <nowiki>✘ Giant planets ({{hlist|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}).</nowiki> | ✘ Giant planets ({{hlist|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}). ''(incorrect markup)'' | <nowiki>✔ Giant planets ({{hlist|class=inline|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}).</nowiki> | ✔ Giant planets ({{hlist|class=inline|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}). ''(correct markup)'' | <nowiki>{{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|indent=2}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|indent=2}} | <nowiki>{{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item_style=color:blue;}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item_style=color:blue;}} | <nowiki>{{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item1_style=background-color:yellow;color:black;|item2_style=background-color:silver;color:black;}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item1_style=background-color:yellow;color:black;|item2_style=background-color:silver;color:black;}} }} == Avoiding Linter errors == {{tlf|hlist}} will produce [[Wikipedia:Linter|Linter]] [[Special:LintErrors/misc-tidy-replacement-issues|errors]] if placed inside a template that uses {{tag|span}} tags, such as {{tl|small}}, {{tl|larger}}, etc. To avoid this, use the substitutions from the table below: {| class="wikitable" ! {{no|}} {{cross}} Incorrect markup !! {{yes|}} {{tick}} Correct markup |- | <code><nowiki>{{small|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:85%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{resize|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:90%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{midsize|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:92%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{larger|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:120%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{big|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:120%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{large|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:120%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{huge|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:180%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{resize|x%|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:x%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{font|size=x%|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:x%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{nowrap|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=white-space: nowrap}}</nowiki></code> |} {{navbox lists}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go here, and interwikis go in Wikidata --> [[Category:Inline list formatting templates]] [[Category:Variadic templates]] }}</includeonly> ialrmjmnaizu21of7d1361l6k7rdtsc 121024 121023 2026-09-04T22:04:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Hlist/doc]] 121023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{Tlr|clear=right|Horizontal list|dotlist}} {{Used in system|in [[MediaWiki:Citethispage-content]]}} {{Uses TemplateStyles}} {{Lua|Module:List}} {{Cascade-protected template}} This template creates [[WP:HLIST|horizontal lists]]. Each item in the list may be individually styled with [[CSS]]. Lists output by {{tl|Flatlist}} and {{tl|Hlist}} are semantically and visually identical, and differ only in the wiki markup used to create the lists. __TOC__ {{-}} == Usage == ===Basic usage=== {{tlf|hlist|{{var|first item}}|{{var|second item}}|{{var|third item}}|{{var|...}}}} ===All parameters=== {{pre|<nowiki>{{</nowiki>hlist <nowiki>|</nowiki>{{var|first item}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{var|second item}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{var|third item}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>... <nowiki>|class = </nowiki>{{var|class for div tag}} <nowiki>|style = </nowiki>{{var|style for div tag}} <nowiki>|list_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for ul tag}} <nowiki>|item_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for all li tags}} <nowiki>|item1_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for first li tag}} <nowiki>|item2_style = </nowiki>{{var|style for second li tag}} <nowiki>|</nowiki>... <nowiki>|indent = </nowiki>{{var|the number of tabs to indent}} <nowiki>}}</nowiki> }} ===Example=== {{demo |<nowiki>{{hlist|Jazz|rock|pop|rap}}</nowiki> |sep=produces:}} == Parameters == * Positional parameters (<code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>...): these are the list items. If no list items are present, the module will output nothing. * <code>class</code>: a custom class for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list. Set to <code>inline</code> when using {{tlf|hlist}} inside text. * <code>style</code>: a custom CSS style for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list, e.g. <code>font-size: 90%;</code>. * <code>list_style</code>: a custom CSS style for the {{tag|ul}} tags around the list. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter. * <code>item_style</code>: a custom CSS style for all of the list items (the {{Tag|li}} tags). The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter. *: Avoid using the style <code>white-space:nowrap</code> in the <code>item_style</code> parameter, because it will have the unintended effect of avoiding line breaks anywhere in the list, instead of just inside the list item; the workaround is to move this style in the <code>list_style</code> parameter, and then insert {{Tl|Wbr}} at the ''beginning'' of each item value, to insert an invisible word-break opportunity (and not at ''end'' of the item value, as the word-break would occur just before the trailing spaced-bullet separator). * <code>item1_style</code>, <code>item2_style</code>, <code>item3_style</code>...: custom CSS styles for each of the list items. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter. * <code>indent</code>: the number of tabs to indent the list. Default value is 0. == Examples == {{Markup | <nowiki>{{hlist|entry1|entry2|entry3|entry4|entry5|entry6|entry7|entry8|entry9}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|entry1|entry2|entry3|entry4|entry5|entry6|entry7|entry8|entry9}} | <nowiki>✘ Giant planets ({{hlist|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}).</nowiki> | ✘ Giant planets ({{hlist|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}). ''(incorrect markup)'' | <nowiki>✔ Giant planets ({{hlist|class=inline|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}).</nowiki> | ✔ Giant planets ({{hlist|class=inline|[[Jupiter|J]]|[[Saturn|S]]|[[Uranus|U]]|[[Neptune|N]]}}). ''(correct markup)'' | <nowiki>{{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|indent=2}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|indent=2}} | <nowiki>{{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item_style=color:blue;}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item_style=color:blue;}} | <nowiki>{{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item1_style=background-color:yellow;color:black;|item2_style=background-color:silver;color:black;}}</nowiki> | {{hlist|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item1_style=background-color:yellow;color:black;|item2_style=background-color:silver;color:black;}} }} == Avoiding Linter errors == {{tlf|hlist}} will produce [[Wikipedia:Linter|Linter]] [[Special:LintErrors/misc-tidy-replacement-issues|errors]] if placed inside a template that uses {{tag|span}} tags, such as {{tl|small}}, {{tl|larger}}, etc. To avoid this, use the substitutions from the table below: {| class="wikitable" ! {{no|}} {{cross}} Incorrect markup !! {{yes|}} {{tick}} Correct markup |- | <code><nowiki>{{small|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:85%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{resize|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:90%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{midsize|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:92%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{larger|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:120%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{big|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:120%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{large|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:120%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{huge|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:180%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{resize|x%|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:x%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{font|size=x%|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=font-size:x%}}</nowiki></code> |- | <code><nowiki>{{nowrap|{{hlist|...}}}}</nowiki></code> || <code><nowiki>{{hlist|...|style=white-space: nowrap}}</nowiki></code> |} {{navbox lists}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go here, and interwikis go in Wikidata --> [[Category:Inline list formatting templates]] [[Category:Variadic templates]] }}</includeonly> ialrmjmnaizu21of7d1361l6k7rdtsc 10 30779 121589 80751 2026-06-29T01:14:39Z en>Chaotic Enby 0 deleted 121589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Button templates | title = Button templates | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state|{{{1|}}}}}} | group1 = General button templates | list1 = *{{tl|Clickable button}} *{{tl|Branded button}} *{{tl|Button}} <small>(not clickable)</small> *{{tl|Blue button}} *{{tl|MediaWiki button}} *{{tl|Expandable button}} | group2 = WikiProject-specific buttons | list2 = *Article Wizard **[[Template:Article wizard/button|button]] **[[Template:Article wizard/button2|button2]] **[[Template:Article wizard/button wizard|button wizard]] *{{tl|Big Blue Button}} *{{tl|Big Red Button}} *{{tl|Big Cyan Button}} *{{tl|Big Green Button}} *{{tl|Big Lime Button}} *{{tl|Big Orange Button}} *{{tl|Big Turquoise Button}} *{{tl|Big Fuchsia Button}} *{{tl|Big Skyblue Button}} *{{tl|Big Purple Button}} *{{tl|Big Yellow Button}} *{{tl|AfC button}} *{{tl|Cleanup Button}} |belowstyle = font-weight:bold; |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Category:Wikipedia button templates|Category]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD THIS TEMPLATE'S CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> gi1arzslbqcfumj4v4yewz589oiweey 121590 121589 2026-09-04T22:22:04Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Button_templates]] 121589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Button templates | title = Button templates | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state|{{{1|}}}}}} | group1 = General button templates | list1 = *{{tl|Clickable button}} *{{tl|Branded button}} *{{tl|Button}} <small>(not clickable)</small> *{{tl|Blue button}} *{{tl|MediaWiki button}} *{{tl|Expandable button}} | group2 = WikiProject-specific buttons | list2 = *Article Wizard **[[Template:Article wizard/button|button]] **[[Template:Article wizard/button2|button2]] **[[Template:Article wizard/button wizard|button wizard]] *{{tl|Big Blue Button}} *{{tl|Big Red Button}} *{{tl|Big Cyan Button}} *{{tl|Big Green Button}} *{{tl|Big Lime Button}} *{{tl|Big Orange Button}} *{{tl|Big Turquoise Button}} *{{tl|Big Fuchsia Button}} *{{tl|Big Skyblue Button}} *{{tl|Big Purple Button}} *{{tl|Big Yellow Button}} *{{tl|AfC button}} *{{tl|Cleanup Button}} |belowstyle = font-weight:bold; |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Category:Wikipedia button templates|Category]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD THIS TEMPLATE'S CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> gi1arzslbqcfumj4v4yewz589oiweey 10 31860 121567 83006 2025-09-07T22:28:24Z en>JJMC89 bot III 0 Moving [[:Category:Wikipedia XHTML tag-replacing templates]] to [[:Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] per [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2025 August 28#Category:Wikipedia XHTML tag-replacing templates]] 121567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> == Purpose == This template is for explicitly indicating that the content inside it represents example output from a computer program or other machine source ([[automated attendant]]/[[interactive voice response]] call system, [[exit code]] of an application, [[standard output]], LCD display, file name, etc.) It uses the &#91;[[XHTML|X]]&#93;[[HTML]] element {{tag|samp}} (''sample output'') which exists for this purpose, and applies some styling to it, namely a faint greying out of the text color to visually difference it from source code and input. It retains the default monospaced (non-proportional) font style of the {{tag|samp|open}} element. Because it uses {{tag|samp}} instead of simply applying visual style effects, it is [[semantic markup]] that conveys meaning, and it can be further acted upon by the user agent (e.g. with custom local style sheets). This tag is the exact opposite of {{tlx|kbd}}, which is for example input. == Usage == The template takes one mandatory parameter, the content to be marked up. If this content contains "=" (an equals sign), the parameter {{em|must}} be explicitly named {{para|1}}, or the template will fail. (This is a limitation of the MediaWiki software, not the template.) It is always safer to use {{para|1}} syntax. It may be used as a container for {{tlx|var}}, {{tlx|varserif}} or {{tag|var}} when the example output contains or consists entirely of a variable. It may also be used with (but not inside) {{tlx|code}}, or with {{tag|code}} (it generally should not be used inside the latter, as output is not a part of source code, but something that results from it; however, this style can be used to illustrate computer display of mixed type, as illustrated below). For cases where it is useful to display the color of the output, there is an optional parameter {{para|color}} that takes an [[Web colors|HTML color name or <code>#<var>nnnnnn</var></code> color code]] (in which case the <code>#</code> is mandatory). For [[WP:ACCESSIBILITY|accessibility]] reasons, color should never be the only distinguishing factor, as {{samp|foo|color=red}} and {{samp|foo|color=green}} may be indistinguishable to color-blind readers. There may also be cases where some other aspect of the output may need to be reproduced; the {{para|style}} parameter accepts any complete CSS statement(s), terminating with a semicolon, e.g. {{para|style|font-variant:small-caps; font-style:italic;}}. Examples: * {{tnull|samp|1{{=}}[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}}: "The error message {{samp|1=[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}} has been cited as notoriously user-unfriendly." * {{tnull|samp|%}} with {{tnull|kbd|1{{=}}ssh <nowiki>{{var|hostname}}</nowiki>}}: "At the {{samp|%}} prompt, the user must enter {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}." * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red}}, to indicate output color: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red}} light activates. * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red|style{{=}}font-variant:small-caps;}}, for more customization: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red|style=font-variant:small-caps;}} light activates. <!--The section below only makes sense if you remember that when /doc pages are included into the template page they belong to, their background is light green! -->Some of these examples may look slightly different outside this documentation, because the default background color varies by page type (articles are stark white, template documentation pale green, most other pages very pale grey). In-article example: <div style="background:#FFFFFF;"> * {{tnull|samp|1{{=}}[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}}: "The error message {{samp|1=[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}} has been cited as notoriously user-unfriendly." * {{tnull|samp|%}} with {{tnull|kbd|1{{=}}ssh <nowiki>{{var|hostname}}</nowiki>}}: "At the {{samp|%}} prompt, the user must enter {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}." * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red}}, to indicate output color: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red}} light activates. * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red|style{{=}}font-variant:small-caps;}}, for more customization: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red|style=font-variant:small-caps;}} light activates. </div><!-- The section above only makes sense if you remember that when /doc pages are included into the template page they belong to, their background is light green! --> === See also === * {{t|code}} {{Semantic markup templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Programming typing-aid templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] }}</includeonly> shik5un86jhwkj9gwnomq3kerlv6fyh 121568 121567 2026-09-04T22:21:03Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Samp/doc]] 121567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> == Purpose == This template is for explicitly indicating that the content inside it represents example output from a computer program or other machine source ([[automated attendant]]/[[interactive voice response]] call system, [[exit code]] of an application, [[standard output]], LCD display, file name, etc.) It uses the &#91;[[XHTML|X]]&#93;[[HTML]] element {{tag|samp}} (''sample output'') which exists for this purpose, and applies some styling to it, namely a faint greying out of the text color to visually difference it from source code and input. It retains the default monospaced (non-proportional) font style of the {{tag|samp|open}} element. Because it uses {{tag|samp}} instead of simply applying visual style effects, it is [[semantic markup]] that conveys meaning, and it can be further acted upon by the user agent (e.g. with custom local style sheets). This tag is the exact opposite of {{tlx|kbd}}, which is for example input. == Usage == The template takes one mandatory parameter, the content to be marked up. If this content contains "=" (an equals sign), the parameter {{em|must}} be explicitly named {{para|1}}, or the template will fail. (This is a limitation of the MediaWiki software, not the template.) It is always safer to use {{para|1}} syntax. It may be used as a container for {{tlx|var}}, {{tlx|varserif}} or {{tag|var}} when the example output contains or consists entirely of a variable. It may also be used with (but not inside) {{tlx|code}}, or with {{tag|code}} (it generally should not be used inside the latter, as output is not a part of source code, but something that results from it; however, this style can be used to illustrate computer display of mixed type, as illustrated below). For cases where it is useful to display the color of the output, there is an optional parameter {{para|color}} that takes an [[Web colors|HTML color name or <code>#<var>nnnnnn</var></code> color code]] (in which case the <code>#</code> is mandatory). For [[WP:ACCESSIBILITY|accessibility]] reasons, color should never be the only distinguishing factor, as {{samp|foo|color=red}} and {{samp|foo|color=green}} may be indistinguishable to color-blind readers. There may also be cases where some other aspect of the output may need to be reproduced; the {{para|style}} parameter accepts any complete CSS statement(s), terminating with a semicolon, e.g. {{para|style|font-variant:small-caps; font-style:italic;}}. Examples: * {{tnull|samp|1{{=}}[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}}: "The error message {{samp|1=[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}} has been cited as notoriously user-unfriendly." * {{tnull|samp|%}} with {{tnull|kbd|1{{=}}ssh <nowiki>{{var|hostname}}</nowiki>}}: "At the {{samp|%}} prompt, the user must enter {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}." * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red}}, to indicate output color: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red}} light activates. * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red|style{{=}}font-variant:small-caps;}}, for more customization: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red|style=font-variant:small-caps;}} light activates. <!--The section below only makes sense if you remember that when /doc pages are included into the template page they belong to, their background is light green! -->Some of these examples may look slightly different outside this documentation, because the default background color varies by page type (articles are stark white, template documentation pale green, most other pages very pale grey). In-article example: <div style="background:#FFFFFF;"> * {{tnull|samp|1{{=}}[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}}: "The error message {{samp|1=[A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail?}} has been cited as notoriously user-unfriendly." * {{tnull|samp|%}} with {{tnull|kbd|1{{=}}ssh <nowiki>{{var|hostname}}</nowiki>}}: "At the {{samp|%}} prompt, the user must enter {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}." * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red}}, to indicate output color: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red}} light activates. * {{tnull|samp|Error|color{{=}}red|style{{=}}font-variant:small-caps;}}, for more customization: On failure, the {{samp|Error|color=red|style=font-variant:small-caps;}} light activates. </div><!-- The section above only makes sense if you remember that when /doc pages are included into the template page they belong to, their background is light green! --> === See also === * {{t|code}} {{Semantic markup templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Programming typing-aid templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] }}</includeonly> shik5un86jhwkj9gwnomq3kerlv6fyh 10 31870 121187 83034 2026-09-04T16:41:05Z en>Oshwah 0 /* Categorization */ Fixed text formatting for iff. 121187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{doc sub}} <!--- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE ---> {{lua|Module:Unsubst}} {{Always substitute|yesnomaybe=never}} {{tsh|subst only|substed|substitute|substituted|substonly|clear=right}} {{high-use}} {{tlf|Always substitute|code=on}} produces the following notice: {{quote|{{Subst only|actualtemplate={{tlg|foo|subst=on}}|nocat=true}}}} (but the {{tlf|Always substitute}} template itself should {{em|{{strong|never}}}} be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]].) == Usage == <code><nowiki>{{Always substitute}}</nowiki></code> {{tlf|Always substitute}} should be placed on the {{strong|[[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] [[Wikipedia:Subpage|subpage]]}} of any template that requires [[Help:Substitution|substitution]] rather than [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transclusion]] ''(not on the template's own page itself)''. == Parameters == All of the parameters for this template are ''optional''. If ''none'' of the parameters are used when transclusing this template onto the documentation subpage of a template, it will default to displaying a notice stating that the template "should ''always'' be substituted", and include a statement with the template syntax that the reader should ''always'' use in order to substitute it onto a page. No additional statements are amended to the notice, and automatic categorization of the template that this notice refers to is allowed. ;{{para|yesnomaybe}} : Can be set to <code>never</code>, <code>not</code>, <code>can</code>, <code>may</code>, or <code>always</code>. :* Setting it to <code>never</code> or <code>not</code> will display a notice stating that the template "should ''never'' be substituted" or "should ''not'' be substituted", respectively – and display the template syntax that the reader should ''always'' use in order to transclude it onto a page. :* Setting it to <code>can</code> or <code>may</code> will display a notice stating that the template "''can'' be substituted" or "''may'' be substituted", respectively – and display the template syntax that the reader can use in order to substitute it onto a page if they so choose. :* Setting it to <code>always</code> will display a notice stating that the template "should ''always'' be substituted" – and display the template syntax that the reader should ''always'' use in order to substitute it onto a page. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to anything not listed above, the template defaults to using <code>always</code>.'' ;{{para|auto|yes}} : Set this parameter to <code>yes</code> if a Wikipedia [[WP:BOT|bot]] automatically searches for accidental transclusions of the template this notice refers to and fixes them to be substitutions, unless the {{para|demo|yes}} parameter is set. :* When set to <code>yes</code>, the notice will include a statement with this information to the reader, as well as place the template that the notice refers to in {{cl|Wikipedia templates to be automatically substituted}}; see [[User:AnomieBOT/docs/TemplateSubster]] for more information. :* This parameter is ''ignored'' by the template if {{para|yesnomaybe}} is set to an option other than <code>always</code>, since this would cause the template to show conflicting information to the reader that makes no sense. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to anything other than <code>yes</code>,<ref name=autoref>This template uses {{tl|yesno-no}} to sanitize and parse the input so that the result is either <code>yes</code> or <code>no</code>. As a result, setting this parameter to any input that is construed to be affirmative will also return <code>yes</code>. See [[Template:Yesno/doc|template documentation]] for more information.</ref> the template defaults to using <code>no</code>.'' ;{{para|alt}} : Set this parameter to the page title or location of an alternate template that the reader should use for transclusion instead of the template that the notice refers to (e.g. {{para|alt|Template:Example}} or {{para|alt|Example}}). :* Enter the page title or location using ''plain text'', and do not include quotations, square brackets, or braces. :* When set to a page title or location, the notice will include a statement instructing the reader to use the alternate template for transclusions, and provide the appropriate template syntax for the reader to use. :* If the location includes "Template:" or "TM:" at the beginning of the text, it is automatically dropped from being displayed in the template syntax. :* This parameter is ''ignored'' by the template if {{para|yesnomaybe}} is set to an option other than <code>always</code>, since this would cause the template to show conflicting information to the reader that makes no sense. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to no value or to only [[whitespace character]]s, the template will default to not displaying the additional information to the reader.'' ; {{para|nocat|true}} : Set this parameter to <code>true</code> in order to [[Wikipedia:Category suppression|suppress automatic categorization]] of the template that it applies to. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to anything other than <code>yes</code>,<ref name=autoref /> the template defaults to allowing automatic categorization.'' == Categorization == Pages that include {{tlf|Always substitute}} are added to [[:Category:Wikipedia substituted templates]]. Templates that subst a template name string onto the target page in [[WP:HIDDEN|hidden text]] are added to [[:Category:Templates with matching hidden id]] ''if and '''only if''''' the hidden template name string matches the name of the template. For example: [[Template:Uw-coi]] contains the token <code><nowiki><!-- Template:Uw-coi --></nowiki></code>, and since the token matches the Template name, Template:Uw-coi is a member of the category. {{List of subst helper templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!--- CATEGORIES HERE, PLEASE: ---> {{DEFAULTSORT:Substitute, Always}} [[Category:Documentation header templates]] }}</includeonly> == Notes == {{reflist}} a4k6v0uymexgraz4sg5f9xq3zt8wnc4 121188 121187 2026-09-04T22:11:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Always_substitute/doc]] 121187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{doc sub}} <!--- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE ---> {{lua|Module:Unsubst}} {{Always substitute|yesnomaybe=never}} {{tsh|subst only|substed|substitute|substituted|substonly|clear=right}} {{high-use}} {{tlf|Always substitute|code=on}} produces the following notice: {{quote|{{Subst only|actualtemplate={{tlg|foo|subst=on}}|nocat=true}}}} (but the {{tlf|Always substitute}} template itself should {{em|{{strong|never}}}} be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]].) == Usage == <code><nowiki>{{Always substitute}}</nowiki></code> {{tlf|Always substitute}} should be placed on the {{strong|[[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] [[Wikipedia:Subpage|subpage]]}} of any template that requires [[Help:Substitution|substitution]] rather than [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transclusion]] ''(not on the template's own page itself)''. == Parameters == All of the parameters for this template are ''optional''. If ''none'' of the parameters are used when transclusing this template onto the documentation subpage of a template, it will default to displaying a notice stating that the template "should ''always'' be substituted", and include a statement with the template syntax that the reader should ''always'' use in order to substitute it onto a page. No additional statements are amended to the notice, and automatic categorization of the template that this notice refers to is allowed. ;{{para|yesnomaybe}} : Can be set to <code>never</code>, <code>not</code>, <code>can</code>, <code>may</code>, or <code>always</code>. :* Setting it to <code>never</code> or <code>not</code> will display a notice stating that the template "should ''never'' be substituted" or "should ''not'' be substituted", respectively – and display the template syntax that the reader should ''always'' use in order to transclude it onto a page. :* Setting it to <code>can</code> or <code>may</code> will display a notice stating that the template "''can'' be substituted" or "''may'' be substituted", respectively – and display the template syntax that the reader can use in order to substitute it onto a page if they so choose. :* Setting it to <code>always</code> will display a notice stating that the template "should ''always'' be substituted" – and display the template syntax that the reader should ''always'' use in order to substitute it onto a page. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to anything not listed above, the template defaults to using <code>always</code>.'' ;{{para|auto|yes}} : Set this parameter to <code>yes</code> if a Wikipedia [[WP:BOT|bot]] automatically searches for accidental transclusions of the template this notice refers to and fixes them to be substitutions, unless the {{para|demo|yes}} parameter is set. :* When set to <code>yes</code>, the notice will include a statement with this information to the reader, as well as place the template that the notice refers to in {{cl|Wikipedia templates to be automatically substituted}}; see [[User:AnomieBOT/docs/TemplateSubster]] for more information. :* This parameter is ''ignored'' by the template if {{para|yesnomaybe}} is set to an option other than <code>always</code>, since this would cause the template to show conflicting information to the reader that makes no sense. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to anything other than <code>yes</code>,<ref name=autoref>This template uses {{tl|yesno-no}} to sanitize and parse the input so that the result is either <code>yes</code> or <code>no</code>. As a result, setting this parameter to any input that is construed to be affirmative will also return <code>yes</code>. See [[Template:Yesno/doc|template documentation]] for more information.</ref> the template defaults to using <code>no</code>.'' ;{{para|alt}} : Set this parameter to the page title or location of an alternate template that the reader should use for transclusion instead of the template that the notice refers to (e.g. {{para|alt|Template:Example}} or {{para|alt|Example}}). :* Enter the page title or location using ''plain text'', and do not include quotations, square brackets, or braces. :* When set to a page title or location, the notice will include a statement instructing the reader to use the alternate template for transclusions, and provide the appropriate template syntax for the reader to use. :* If the location includes "Template:" or "TM:" at the beginning of the text, it is automatically dropped from being displayed in the template syntax. :* This parameter is ''ignored'' by the template if {{para|yesnomaybe}} is set to an option other than <code>always</code>, since this would cause the template to show conflicting information to the reader that makes no sense. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to no value or to only [[whitespace character]]s, the template will default to not displaying the additional information to the reader.'' ; {{para|nocat|true}} : Set this parameter to <code>true</code> in order to [[Wikipedia:Category suppression|suppress automatic categorization]] of the template that it applies to. : ''If this parameter is not used, or if it is set to anything other than <code>yes</code>,<ref name=autoref /> the template defaults to allowing automatic categorization.'' == Categorization == Pages that include {{tlf|Always substitute}} are added to [[:Category:Wikipedia substituted templates]]. Templates that subst a template name string onto the target page in [[WP:HIDDEN|hidden text]] are added to [[:Category:Templates with matching hidden id]] ''if and '''only if''''' the hidden template name string matches the name of the template. For example: [[Template:Uw-coi]] contains the token <code><nowiki><!-- Template:Uw-coi --></nowiki></code>, and since the token matches the Template name, Template:Uw-coi is a member of the category. {{List of subst helper templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!--- CATEGORIES HERE, PLEASE: ---> {{DEFAULTSORT:Substitute, Always}} [[Category:Documentation header templates]] }}</includeonly> == Notes == {{reflist}} a4k6v0uymexgraz4sg5f9xq3zt8wnc4 10 32011 121061 83322 2025-10-22T15:54:44Z en>Ahecht 0 Fix multiple issues surrounding labels and prefixes 121061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{art|}}}{{{article|}}}|[[Wikipedia:Phabricator|Phabricator]]''':'''&nbsp;}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{1|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{1}}}|T{{{1}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label1|}}}|&#32;({{{label1}}})}}|[[Phabricator:|Phabricator]]}}<!-- Extra fields -->{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{2|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{2}}}|T{{{2}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label2|}}}|&#32;({{{label2}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{3|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{3}}}|{{{3}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{3}}}|T{{{3}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label3|}}}|&#32;({{{label3}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{4|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{4|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{4}}}|{{{4}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{4}}}|T{{{4}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label4|}}}|&#32;({{{label4}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{5|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{5}}}|{{{5}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{5}}}|T{{{5}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label5|}}}|&#32;({{{label5}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{6|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{6|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{6}}}|{{{6}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{6}}}|T{{{6}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label6|}}}|&#32;({{{label6}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{7|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{7}}}|{{{7}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{7}}}|T{{{7}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label7|}}}|&#32;({{{label7}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{8|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{8|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{8}}}|{{{8}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{8}}}|T{{{8}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label8|}}}|&#32;({{{label8}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{9|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{9|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{9}}}|{{{9}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{9}}}|T{{{9}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label9|}}}|&#32;({{{label9}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{10|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{10|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{10}}}|{{{10}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{10}}}|T{{{10}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label10|}}}|&#32;({{{label10}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{11|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{11|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{11}}}|{{{11}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{11}}}|T{{{11}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label11|}}}|&#32;({{{label11}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{12|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{12|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{12}}}|{{{12}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{12}}}|T{{{12}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label12|}}}|&#32;({{{label12}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{13|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{13|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{13}}}|{{{13}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{13}}}|T{{{13}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label13|}}}|&#32;({{{label13}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{14|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{14|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{14}}}|{{{14}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{14}}}|T{{{14}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label14|}}}|&#32;({{{label14}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{15|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{15|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{15}}}|{{{15}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{15}}}|T{{{15}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label15|}}}|&#32;({{{label15}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{16|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{16|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{16}}}|{{{16}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{16}}}|T{{{16}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label16|}}}|&#32;({{{label16}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{17|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{17|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{17}}}|{{{17}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{17}}}|T{{{17}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label17|}}}|&#32;({{{label17}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{18|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{18|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{18}}}|{{{18}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{18}}}|T{{{18}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label18|}}}|&#32;({{{label18}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{19|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{19|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{19}}}|{{{19}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{19}}}|T{{{19}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label19|}}}|&#32;({{{label19}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{20|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{20|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{20}}}|{{{20}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{20}}}|T{{{20}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label20|}}}|&#32;({{{label20}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{label|}}}|&#32;({{{label}}})}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 1edv3wsq13ci3oceb2vih8cczh6s1w2 121062 121061 2026-09-04T22:06:01Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Phabricator]] 121061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{art|}}}{{{article|}}}|[[Wikipedia:Phabricator|Phabricator]]''':'''&nbsp;}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{1|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{1}}}|T{{{1}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label1|}}}|&#32;({{{label1}}})}}|[[Phabricator:|Phabricator]]}}<!-- Extra fields -->{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{2|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{2}}}|T{{{2}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label2|}}}|&#32;({{{label2}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{3|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{3}}}|{{{3}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{3}}}|T{{{3}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label3|}}}|&#32;({{{label3}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{4|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{4|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{4}}}|{{{4}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{4}}}|T{{{4}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label4|}}}|&#32;({{{label4}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{5|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{5}}}|{{{5}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{5}}}|T{{{5}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label5|}}}|&#32;({{{label5}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{6|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{6|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{6}}}|{{{6}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{6}}}|T{{{6}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label6|}}}|&#32;({{{label6}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{7|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{7}}}|{{{7}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{7}}}|T{{{7}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label7|}}}|&#32;({{{label7}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{8|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{8|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{8}}}|{{{8}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{8}}}|T{{{8}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label8|}}}|&#32;({{{label8}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{9|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{9|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{9}}}|{{{9}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{9}}}|T{{{9}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label9|}}}|&#32;({{{label9}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{10|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{10|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{10}}}|{{{10}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{10}}}|T{{{10}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label10|}}}|&#32;({{{label10}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{11|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{11|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{11}}}|{{{11}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{11}}}|T{{{11}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label11|}}}|&#32;({{{label11}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{12|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{12|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{12}}}|{{{12}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{12}}}|T{{{12}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label12|}}}|&#32;({{{label12}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{13|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{13|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{13}}}|{{{13}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{13}}}|T{{{13}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label13|}}}|&#32;({{{label13}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{14|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{14|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{14}}}|{{{14}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{14}}}|T{{{14}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label14|}}}|&#32;({{{label14}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{15|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{15|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{15}}}|{{{15}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{15}}}|T{{{15}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label15|}}}|&#32;({{{label15}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{16|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{16|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{16}}}|{{{16}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{16}}}|T{{{16}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label16|}}}|&#32;({{{label16}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{17|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{17|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{17}}}|{{{17}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{17}}}|T{{{17}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label17|}}}|&#32;({{{label17}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{18|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{18|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{18}}}|{{{18}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{18}}}|T{{{18}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label18|}}}|&#32;({{{label18}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{19|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{19|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{19}}}|{{{19}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{19}}}|T{{{19}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label19|}}}|&#32;({{{label19}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{20|}}}|{{nbsp}}• {{#ifeq:{{padleft:|1|{{{20|T}}}}}|T|[[Phabricator:{{{20}}}|{{{20}}}]]|[[Phabricator:T{{{20}}}|T{{{20}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{label20|}}}|&#32;({{{label20}}})}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{label|}}}|&#32;({{{label}}})}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 1edv3wsq13ci3oceb2vih8cczh6s1w2 10 32152 121557 83627 2026-01-30T04:34:08Z en>Cedar101 0 syntaxhighlight 121557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Lua|Module:Icon}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> Use this template to display a [[Template:Icon#Table|Wikipedia icon]] followed by a link. <!-- : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''&#32;|''2''}} : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''&#32;|''2''&#32;|italics&#61;''(see below)''}} : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''&#32;|''2''|''3''}} : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''|iconsize&#61;''(see below)''&#32;|''2'' ''(etc)''}} --> Set the first parameter as the icon's class or name (as given at {{tl|icon}}). Set the second parameter as the link's name<!--. Any double and triple apostrophes (i.e. [[Help:Wiki markup#Text formatting|wiki markup for italics and bold]]) will be ignored-->: {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |GA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |GA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |A |''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |A |''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}} |} To render the link in italics, include the parameter {{para|i}}, {{para|italics}} or {{para|italic}} with any value (e.g. "on", "true", "y"): {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |FAC |Jumping Flash!|italics=on}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |FAC |Jumping Flash!|italics=on}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |NA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|i=y}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |NA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|i=y}} |} (Note that "(mobile)" in the example immediately above is also now italicized.) Alternatively, use the third parameter to specify a label for the link and/or its formatting: {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |B |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |B |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|Something ''completely'' different}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|Something ''completely'' different}} |} By default, the icon is rendered as 16x16px (16 by 16 pixels). To use a different size, set it as {{para|iconsize}} or {{para|size}}: {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |Wikinews |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |Wikinews |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |Wikinews|iconsize=28px |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |Wikinews|iconsize=28px |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}} |} ===See also=== * {{tl|icon}} <includeonly>{{basepage subpage | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Internal link templates]] [[Category:Interwiki link templates]] [[Category:Icon insertion templates]] }}</includeonly> 1wmvsqhu1lsfy17rxflg5tkchwgwc1m 121558 121557 2026-09-04T22:19:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Icon_link/doc]] 121557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Lua|Module:Icon}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> Use this template to display a [[Template:Icon#Table|Wikipedia icon]] followed by a link. <!-- : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''&#32;|''2''}} : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''&#32;|''2''&#32;|italics&#61;''(see below)''}} : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''&#32;|''2''|''3''}} : {{tc|icon link&#32;|''1''|iconsize&#61;''(see below)''&#32;|''2'' ''(etc)''}} --> Set the first parameter as the icon's class or name (as given at {{tl|icon}}). Set the second parameter as the link's name<!--. Any double and triple apostrophes (i.e. [[Help:Wiki markup#Text formatting|wiki markup for italics and bold]]) will be ignored-->: {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |GA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |GA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |A |''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |A |''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}} |} To render the link in italics, include the parameter {{para|i}}, {{para|italics}} or {{para|italic}} with any value (e.g. "on", "true", "y"): {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |FAC |Jumping Flash!|italics=on}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |FAC |Jumping Flash!|italics=on}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |NA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|i=y}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |NA |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|i=y}} |} (Note that "(mobile)" in the example immediately above is also now italicized.) Alternatively, use the third parameter to specify a label for the link and/or its formatting: {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |B |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |B |Saints Row 2 (mobile)}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|''Saints Row 2'' (mobile)}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|Something ''completely'' different}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |C |Saints Row 2 (mobile)|Something ''completely'' different}} |} By default, the icon is rendered as 16x16px (16 by 16 pixels). To use a different size, set it as {{para|iconsize}} or {{para|size}}: {| class="wikitable" ! Code !! Output |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |Wikinews |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |Wikinews |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}} |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{icon link |Wikinews|iconsize=28px |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}}</syntaxhighlight> || {{icon link |Wikinews|iconsize=28px |Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews}} |} ===See also=== * {{tl|icon}} <includeonly>{{basepage subpage | <!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--> [[Category:Internal link templates]] [[Category:Interwiki link templates]] [[Category:Icon insertion templates]] }}</includeonly> 1wmvsqhu1lsfy17rxflg5tkchwgwc1m 10 34721 121275 88352 2025-02-18T21:03:34Z en>Opencooper 0 add missing fallback value for CSS variable, which was causing display issues in the mobile app's dark theme; see [[User_talk:Spitzak#template:char_and_dark_mode]] 121275 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> c861x2mzlzbr96qayvzy9wjjxvkz9j8 121276 121275 2026-09-04T22:16:32Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Char]] 121275 wikitext text/x-wiki <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> c861x2mzlzbr96qayvzy9wjjxvkz9j8 10 35938 121191 90741 2026-07-02T21:21:35Z en>Pppery 0 I don't think you even need to mention it's a wrapper here - while technically it is one it's conceptually a separate template 121191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tsh|no subst}} {{Lua|Module:Unsubst}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{hatnote|The following applies to this template itself ({{tnull|Never substitute}}): it should {{strong|never}} be substituted:}} {{Never substitute}} == Usage == <code><nowiki>{{Never substitute}}</nowiki></code> This template should be placed on the <big>[[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] [[Wikipedia:Subpage|subpage]]</big> (not the template page itself) of any template that should '''not''' be substituted (and [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] instead). Pages that include {{tlf|Never substitute}} are added to [[:Category:Wikipedia never-substituted templates]]. ==Parameters== ;{{para|nocat|true}} : [[Wikipedia:Category suppression|Suppress automatic categorization]]. {{List of subst helper templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Substitute, Never}} [[Category:Documentation header templates]] }}</includeonly> 49j55haxebhn9bhtt108w2d7bav85qe 121192 121191 2026-09-04T22:12:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Never_substitute/doc]] 121191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tsh|no subst}} {{Lua|Module:Unsubst}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{hatnote|The following applies to this template itself ({{tnull|Never substitute}}): it should {{strong|never}} be substituted:}} {{Never substitute}} == Usage == <code><nowiki>{{Never substitute}}</nowiki></code> This template should be placed on the <big>[[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] [[Wikipedia:Subpage|subpage]]</big> (not the template page itself) of any template that should '''not''' be substituted (and [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] instead). Pages that include {{tlf|Never substitute}} are added to [[:Category:Wikipedia never-substituted templates]]. ==Parameters== ;{{para|nocat|true}} : [[Wikipedia:Category suppression|Suppress automatic categorization]]. {{List of subst helper templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> {{DEFAULTSORT:Substitute, Never}} [[Category:Documentation header templates]] }}</includeonly> 49j55haxebhn9bhtt108w2d7bav85qe 10 36170 121561 91250 2024-10-21T00:18:41Z en>Ahecht 0 {{R adr|Template:R from template shortcut}} 121561 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:R from shortcut]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R to redirect template}} {{R from template shortcut}} {{R adr|Template:R from template shortcut}} }} tikjv2r2638qay1lms6w1vvvmhofsqc 121562 121561 2026-09-04T22:19:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:R_tsh]] 121561 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:R from shortcut]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R to redirect template}} {{R from template shortcut}} {{R adr|Template:R from template shortcut}} }} tikjv2r2638qay1lms6w1vvvmhofsqc 10 37334 121127 93368 2026-05-05T10:56:39Z en>Zzuuzz 0 Protected "[[Template:Dfn]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High risk template]] ([Edit=Require extended confirmed access] (indefinite)) 93367 wikitext text/x-wiki <dfn {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} {{#if:{{{title|}}}|title="{{{title}}}"}} {{#if:{{{2|}}}{{{class|}}}{{{title|}}}|class="{{#if:{{{2|}}}{{{title|}}}|explain}} {{#if:{{{class|}}}|{{{class}}}}}"}} {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}}>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|<span title="{{{2}}}">{{{1}}}</span>|{{{1}}}}}</dfn><noinclude> <!--Categories and interwikis go in the /doc subpage.--> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> luvqpiwetgllp79grmkxnuyoyftzgmm 121128 121127 2026-09-04T22:09:57Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Dfn]] 93367 wikitext text/x-wiki <dfn {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}"}} {{#if:{{{title|}}}|title="{{{title}}}"}} {{#if:{{{2|}}}{{{class|}}}{{{title|}}}|class="{{#if:{{{2|}}}{{{title|}}}|explain}} {{#if:{{{class|}}}|{{{class}}}}}"}} {{#if:{{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}}>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|<span title="{{{2}}}">{{{1}}}</span>|{{{1}}}}}</dfn><noinclude> <!--Categories and interwikis go in the /doc subpage.--> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> luvqpiwetgllp79grmkxnuyoyftzgmm 10 37337 121141 93376 2026-08-22T18:01:03Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Dfni]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 252 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121141 wikitext text/x-wiki Wrapper for {{tl|dfn}} that applies italics for [[MOS:TECHNICAL]] uses. Supports all parameters of {{tl|dfn}}. The template {{tl|dfnil}} can be used when linking is required. <onlyinclude><includeonly>''{{dfn|1={{{1|}}}|2={{{2|}}}|title={{{title|}}}|id={{{id|}}}|style={{{style|}}}|class={{{class|}}}}}''</includeonly></onlyinclude> [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] lo95sgnhemczryrpa9lkpome7o3ree3 121142 121141 2026-09-04T22:09:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Dfni]] 121141 wikitext text/x-wiki Wrapper for {{tl|dfn}} that applies italics for [[MOS:TECHNICAL]] uses. Supports all parameters of {{tl|dfn}}. The template {{tl|dfnil}} can be used when linking is required. <onlyinclude><includeonly>''{{dfn|1={{{1|}}}|2={{{2|}}}|title={{{title|}}}|id={{{id|}}}|style={{{style|}}}|class={{{class|}}}}}''</includeonly></onlyinclude> [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] lo95sgnhemczryrpa9lkpome7o3ree3 10 37439 121565 93612 2026-08-29T11:36:32Z en>Hason-LEK-SIN 0 [[WP:MOSLINK]] on [[HTML element]] 121565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --> {{hatnote|For inline cleanup templates requesting definitions or explanations, see {{tl|Definition}} and {{tl|Explain}}.}} {{Cascade-protected template}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{High-use}} {{Bot use warning|bots=[[User:AAlertBot]]}} {{#ifeq:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Tooltip|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Tooltip/styles.css}}|{{lua|Module:String}}}} Wikipedia uses two separate templates to generate tooltips. The {{tl|abbr}} template is used to write an abbreviation (including an acronym or initialism) with its expanded meaning. It is a wrapper for the [[HTML element]] {{tag|abbr}}. The {{tl|tooltip}} template uses the {{tag|span|link=yes}} element to provide generic notes. '''Only use {{tnull|abbr}} or {{tag|abbr|o}} to mark up abbreviations (including acronyms and initialisms).''' Using it to generate tooltips elsewhere is a misuse of the underlying HTML and causes [[WP:Accessibility|accessibility]] problems. For general-purpose tooltips, use {{tlx|tooltip}} instead. Readers on '''mobile devices''' typically do not have a mouse to hover with, and so generally cannot see tooltip contents. As of 2023, [https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org/reading/total-page-views/normal&vert;bar&vert;2-year&vert;access~desktop*mobile-app*mobile-web&vert;monthly more English Wikipedia page views occur on mobile than on desktop browsers]. == Usage == {{tlc|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|text to display inline in the article|pop-up tip|_show_result=yes}} == Parameters == Two unnamed (positional) parameters (required) and three named parameters (optional): * {{para|1}} – the term to be explained; displays as text. [[Wiki markup]] is allowed but works more consistently when wrapping the template, see below for linking examples. * {{para|2}} – the tooltip/pop-up ('''no wiki or HTML markup allowed'''). The popup is created by an HTML <code>title=</code> attribute, so it cannot contain HTML (or markup that resolves to HTML when rendered). This includes simple things like <code><nowiki>''italics''</nowiki></code>. * {{para|class}} – one or more CSS classes (space-separated if more than one) * {{para|id}} – an HTML ID must be unique on the entire page. * {{para|style}} – CSS to apply to the displayed text (no effect on tooltip/popup). Any style values with embedded blanks must be single-quoted, e.g. {{para|style|font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;}} == Examples == {{markup |<nowiki>{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} </nowiki> |{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} }} When hovering over the text "{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}}", something like <span class="titlehint" style="border: 1px solid black; background-color: #FFFFFF; color: black; margin-right: 2px; padding: 1px 2px; font-size: smaller; box-shadow: 2px 2px 3px #A0A0A0;">Louisiana School for the Deaf</span> will appear as a tooltip in desktop browsers. Mobile devices may display a dotted line or other visual indicator of abbreviation, but ''will not'' provide the tooltip. No screen readers for the visually impaired will read the expansion by default; some provide an optional setting to read the expansion aloud. === Abbr examples === {{markup | title=Accessible when used in addition to inline expansion |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the Louisiana School for the Deaf (LSD) campus can phone their parents using an American Sign Language (ASL) interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the Louisiana School for the Deaf (LSD) campus can phone their parents using an American Sign Language (ASL) interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. }} In the above example, each abbreviation is first expanded in the body text within parentheses. The template provides an ''additional'' way for some users to access the meaning later in the text. See [[MOS:ABBR]] for more information. {{markup | title=Less accessible when used in place of inline expansion |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. }} In the above example, all abbreviations are expanded via the template. This is discouraged because it is the ''only'' way for users to access the meaning. Users reading on a mobile device, reading a printout, or listening to a screen reader will likely not have access to the full meaning. {{markup | title=Least accessible when <span style="color:red;">misused</span> to create tooltip notes |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} {{abbr|interpreter|Although fluent in ASL, most students at LSD prefer texting their parents directly.}}. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} {{abbr|interpreter|Although fluent in ASL, most students at LSD prefer texting their parents directly.}}. }} In the above example, all abbreviations are expanded via the template, and an entire sentence is embedded via the template. It is the ''only'' way for users to access the meaning. A user reading on a mobile device, reading a printout, or listening to a screen reader will likely not have access to the full meaning of the abbreviation and will have no clear indication that the embedded footnote exists. ===Tooltip example=== {{markup |<nowiki>[[WP:COI|{{tooltip|conflict of interest|in the specific sense employed in Wikipedia policy}}]]</nowiki> |[[WP:COI|{{tooltip|conflict of interest|in the specific sense employed in Wikipedia policy}}]] }} Tooltips should not be used within the body text of an article if possible (see [[MOS:NOTOOLTIPS]]). Generic tooltip notes are not a substitute for [[Help:Footnotes|footnotes]] and are intended to be used for navigational and other secondary features where space is limited. See [[Template:Glossary link]] or [[Template:Cite book/doc#Usage]] for practical examples. == Linking == {{Notice|Preferably use {{tl|Abbrlink}} instead.}} To wiki-link the abbreviation being marked up by this template, wrap the template in the link, or the tooltip will not appear in some browsers. {|class="wikitable" !Compatibility !Markup !Renders as |- !{{yes|Compatible}} |{{code|<nowiki>[[Knockout#Technical knockout|{{abbr|TKO|technical knockout}}]]</nowiki>}} |[[Knockout#Technical knockout|{{abbr|TKO|technical knockout}}]] |- !{{no|Less compatible}} |{{code|<nowiki>{{abbr|[[Knockout#Technical knockout|TKO]]|technical knockout}}</nowiki>}} |{{abbr|[[Knockout#Technical knockout|TKO]]|technical knockout}} |} == Accessibility and validity == The {{Tl|Abbr}} template is intended {{em|only}} for use with abbreviations (including acronyms and initialisms). The [[Web Content Accessibility Guidelines]] contain guidelines for using the {{tag|abbr|o}} element generated by this template; see section [http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H28.html H28: Providing definitions for abbreviations by using the abbr and acronym elements]. HTML specifications (both those of the [[W3C]] and [[WHATWG]]) strictly define the {{tag|abbr|o}} element as reserved for markup of abbreviations. Abusing it for mouse-over tooltips breaks our [[Semantic HTML|semantic markup]] and makes our content {{em|invalid HTML}} (it will falsely pass a basic [[Validator|automated validator]] test because such a tool can't tell that the logical application of the data to the structure isn't correct, only that tags are nested properly). == Redirects == The following template names will [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]] to {{tl|Abbr}}: * {{tl|Abbrv}} * {{tl|Define}} {{tl|Tooltip}} is a separate template sharing the same documentation. ==Maintenance categories== *{{clc|Pages using tooltip with unknown parameters}} == Template data == {{TemplateData header}}<!-- This documentation is shared by Template:abbr and Template:tooltip. TemplateData for both is below. --> {{#switch: {{PAGENAME}} | Abbr = <TemplateData> { "description": "An abbreviation or acronym with a tooltip displayed on mouse-over.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Term", "description": "Shows as text", "type": "string/line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Meaning", "description": "Shows as a mouse-over tooltip; do not use markup", "type": "string", "required": true }, "style": { "label": "CSS", "description": "applies the specified CSS directives to the content of parameter 1", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Class", "description": "Adds a one or more CSS classes", "type": "string", "required": false }, "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "Adds an HTML id (must be unique in the page)", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </TemplateData> | Tooltip = <TemplateData> { "description": "Generic tooltip displayed on mouse-over.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Term", "description": "Shows as text", "type": "string/line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Tooltip", "description": "Shows as a mouse-over tooltip; do not use markup", "type": "string", "required": true }, "style": { "label": "CSS", "description": "applies the specified CSS directives to the content of parameter 1", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Class", "description": "Adds a one or more CSS classes", "type": "string", "required": false }, "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "Adds an HTML id (must be unique in the page)", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </TemplateData> }} == See also == * {{tl|Abbrlink}}, a variant of this template that includes automatic wikilinking of the term (abbreviation). * {{tl|dfn}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> [[Category:Abbreviation templates| ]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] }}</includeonly> c2ydvi4lml1wjc9hvrl3a22zprjmhxk 121566 121565 2026-09-04T22:20:43Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Abbr/doc]] 121565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --> {{hatnote|For inline cleanup templates requesting definitions or explanations, see {{tl|Definition}} and {{tl|Explain}}.}} {{Cascade-protected template}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{High-use}} {{Bot use warning|bots=[[User:AAlertBot]]}} {{#ifeq:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Tooltip|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Tooltip/styles.css}}|{{lua|Module:String}}}} Wikipedia uses two separate templates to generate tooltips. The {{tl|abbr}} template is used to write an abbreviation (including an acronym or initialism) with its expanded meaning. It is a wrapper for the [[HTML element]] {{tag|abbr}}. The {{tl|tooltip}} template uses the {{tag|span|link=yes}} element to provide generic notes. '''Only use {{tnull|abbr}} or {{tag|abbr|o}} to mark up abbreviations (including acronyms and initialisms).''' Using it to generate tooltips elsewhere is a misuse of the underlying HTML and causes [[WP:Accessibility|accessibility]] problems. For general-purpose tooltips, use {{tlx|tooltip}} instead. Readers on '''mobile devices''' typically do not have a mouse to hover with, and so generally cannot see tooltip contents. As of 2023, [https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org/reading/total-page-views/normal&vert;bar&vert;2-year&vert;access~desktop*mobile-app*mobile-web&vert;monthly more English Wikipedia page views occur on mobile than on desktop browsers]. == Usage == {{tlc|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|text to display inline in the article|pop-up tip|_show_result=yes}} == Parameters == Two unnamed (positional) parameters (required) and three named parameters (optional): * {{para|1}} – the term to be explained; displays as text. [[Wiki markup]] is allowed but works more consistently when wrapping the template, see below for linking examples. * {{para|2}} – the tooltip/pop-up ('''no wiki or HTML markup allowed'''). The popup is created by an HTML <code>title=</code> attribute, so it cannot contain HTML (or markup that resolves to HTML when rendered). This includes simple things like <code><nowiki>''italics''</nowiki></code>. * {{para|class}} – one or more CSS classes (space-separated if more than one) * {{para|id}} – an HTML ID must be unique on the entire page. * {{para|style}} – CSS to apply to the displayed text (no effect on tooltip/popup). Any style values with embedded blanks must be single-quoted, e.g. {{para|style|font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;}} == Examples == {{markup |<nowiki>{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} </nowiki> |{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} }} When hovering over the text "{{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}}", something like <span class="titlehint" style="border: 1px solid black; background-color: #FFFFFF; color: black; margin-right: 2px; padding: 1px 2px; font-size: smaller; box-shadow: 2px 2px 3px #A0A0A0;">Louisiana School for the Deaf</span> will appear as a tooltip in desktop browsers. Mobile devices may display a dotted line or other visual indicator of abbreviation, but ''will not'' provide the tooltip. No screen readers for the visually impaired will read the expansion by default; some provide an optional setting to read the expansion aloud. === Abbr examples === {{markup | title=Accessible when used in addition to inline expansion |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the Louisiana School for the Deaf (LSD) campus can phone their parents using an American Sign Language (ASL) interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the Louisiana School for the Deaf (LSD) campus can phone their parents using an American Sign Language (ASL) interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. }} In the above example, each abbreviation is first expanded in the body text within parentheses. The template provides an ''additional'' way for some users to access the meaning later in the text. See [[MOS:ABBR]] for more information. {{markup | title=Less accessible when used in place of inline expansion |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} interpreter. Although fluent in {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}}, most students at {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} prefer texting their parents directly. }} In the above example, all abbreviations are expanded via the template. This is discouraged because it is the ''only'' way for users to access the meaning. Users reading on a mobile device, reading a printout, or listening to a screen reader will likely not have access to the full meaning. {{markup | title=Least accessible when <span style="color:red;">misused</span> to create tooltip notes |<nowiki>High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} {{abbr|interpreter|Although fluent in ASL, most students at LSD prefer texting their parents directly.}}. </nowiki> |High school students staying overnight on the {{abbr|LSD|Louisiana School for the Deaf}} campus can phone their parents using an {{abbr|ASL|American Sign Language}} {{abbr|interpreter|Although fluent in ASL, most students at LSD prefer texting their parents directly.}}. }} In the above example, all abbreviations are expanded via the template, and an entire sentence is embedded via the template. It is the ''only'' way for users to access the meaning. A user reading on a mobile device, reading a printout, or listening to a screen reader will likely not have access to the full meaning of the abbreviation and will have no clear indication that the embedded footnote exists. ===Tooltip example=== {{markup |<nowiki>[[WP:COI|{{tooltip|conflict of interest|in the specific sense employed in Wikipedia policy}}]]</nowiki> |[[WP:COI|{{tooltip|conflict of interest|in the specific sense employed in Wikipedia policy}}]] }} Tooltips should not be used within the body text of an article if possible (see [[MOS:NOTOOLTIPS]]). Generic tooltip notes are not a substitute for [[Help:Footnotes|footnotes]] and are intended to be used for navigational and other secondary features where space is limited. See [[Template:Glossary link]] or [[Template:Cite book/doc#Usage]] for practical examples. == Linking == {{Notice|Preferably use {{tl|Abbrlink}} instead.}} To wiki-link the abbreviation being marked up by this template, wrap the template in the link, or the tooltip will not appear in some browsers. {|class="wikitable" !Compatibility !Markup !Renders as |- !{{yes|Compatible}} |{{code|<nowiki>[[Knockout#Technical knockout|{{abbr|TKO|technical knockout}}]]</nowiki>}} |[[Knockout#Technical knockout|{{abbr|TKO|technical knockout}}]] |- !{{no|Less compatible}} |{{code|<nowiki>{{abbr|[[Knockout#Technical knockout|TKO]]|technical knockout}}</nowiki>}} |{{abbr|[[Knockout#Technical knockout|TKO]]|technical knockout}} |} == Accessibility and validity == The {{Tl|Abbr}} template is intended {{em|only}} for use with abbreviations (including acronyms and initialisms). The [[Web Content Accessibility Guidelines]] contain guidelines for using the {{tag|abbr|o}} element generated by this template; see section [http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H28.html H28: Providing definitions for abbreviations by using the abbr and acronym elements]. HTML specifications (both those of the [[W3C]] and [[WHATWG]]) strictly define the {{tag|abbr|o}} element as reserved for markup of abbreviations. Abusing it for mouse-over tooltips breaks our [[Semantic HTML|semantic markup]] and makes our content {{em|invalid HTML}} (it will falsely pass a basic [[Validator|automated validator]] test because such a tool can't tell that the logical application of the data to the structure isn't correct, only that tags are nested properly). == Redirects == The following template names will [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]] to {{tl|Abbr}}: * {{tl|Abbrv}} * {{tl|Define}} {{tl|Tooltip}} is a separate template sharing the same documentation. ==Maintenance categories== *{{clc|Pages using tooltip with unknown parameters}} == Template data == {{TemplateData header}}<!-- This documentation is shared by Template:abbr and Template:tooltip. TemplateData for both is below. --> {{#switch: {{PAGENAME}} | Abbr = <TemplateData> { "description": "An abbreviation or acronym with a tooltip displayed on mouse-over.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Term", "description": "Shows as text", "type": "string/line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Meaning", "description": "Shows as a mouse-over tooltip; do not use markup", "type": "string", "required": true }, "style": { "label": "CSS", "description": "applies the specified CSS directives to the content of parameter 1", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Class", "description": "Adds a one or more CSS classes", "type": "string", "required": false }, "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "Adds an HTML id (must be unique in the page)", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </TemplateData> | Tooltip = <TemplateData> { "description": "Generic tooltip displayed on mouse-over.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Term", "description": "Shows as text", "type": "string/line", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Tooltip", "description": "Shows as a mouse-over tooltip; do not use markup", "type": "string", "required": true }, "style": { "label": "CSS", "description": "applies the specified CSS directives to the content of parameter 1", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Class", "description": "Adds a one or more CSS classes", "type": "string", "required": false }, "id": { "label": "ID", "description": "Adds an HTML id (must be unique in the page)", "type": "string", "required": false } } } </TemplateData> }} == See also == * {{tl|Abbrlink}}, a variant of this template that includes automatic wikilinking of the term (abbreviation). * {{tl|dfn}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --> [[Category:Abbreviation templates| ]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] }}</includeonly> c2ydvi4lml1wjc9hvrl3a22zprjmhxk 10 38242 121225 95351 2025-05-07T20:52:35Z en>SuperMarioMan 0 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contribs/114.10.65.80|114.10.65.80]] ([[User talk:114.10.65.80|talk]]) to last version by 172.97.141.219 121225 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{notice|Ignore any errors showing below; they do not appear when this snippet is transcluded (nor does this message box). This doc snippet's output only works when it's transcluded into the context of a specific template, e.g. at [[Template:Block indent/doc]]}} </noinclude>If the block-formatted content uses a ''named'' parameter (including {{para|1}}) and begins with a list (or any other wikimarkup that is dependent upon a specific markup character being at the beginning of a line), because [[MediaWiki]] behavior is to strip whitespace from named parameters, a {{xtag|nowiki|s}} and a new line must exist before the list (or whatever) starts. This no longer affects ''unnamed'' parameters. Compare: {| class="wikitable" |- ! &nbsp; ! scope="col" | code ! scope="col" | result |- ! scope="row" | Works as intended |{{tlx|nolink=true|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|<br>*Firstly, ...<br/>*Secondly, ...<br/>*Thirdly, ...<br/>}} | <includeonly>{{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}| *Firstly, ... *Secondly, ... *Thirdly, ... }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{error|This output only works when this doc snippet is transcluded.}}</noinclude> |- ! scope="row" | FAIL |{{tlx|nolink=true|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{nowrap|{{{1|1}}}{{=}}}}<br>*Firstly, ...<br/>*Secondly, ...<br/>*Thirdly, ...<br/>}} | <includeonly>{{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{{1|1}}}= *Firstly, ... *Secondly, ... *Thirdly, ... }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{error|This output only works when this doc snippet is transcluded.}}</noinclude> |- ! scope="row" | Works as intended |{{tlx|nolink=true|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{{1|1}}}{{=}}'''&lt;nowiki /&gt;'''<br/>*Firstly, ...<br/>*Secondly, ...<br/>*Thirdly, ...<br/>}} | <includeonly>{{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{{1|1}}}=<nowiki /> *Firstly, ... *Secondly, ... *Thirdly, ... }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{error|This output only works when this doc snippet is transcluded.}}</noinclude> |} To embed a table in block markup like this, the block template's content parameter must be named or numbered and include the self-closing nowiki – as in <code><nowiki>|1=&lt;nowiki /&gt;</nowiki></code> – then every <code><nowiki>|</nowiki></code> character in the table markup must be escaped with {{magic word|!}}. An alternative is to use explicit HTML {{tag|table|o}}, {{tag|tr|o}}, {{tag|th|o}}, and {{tag|td|o}} markup.<noinclude> {{Documentation|content=This is transcluded documentation, which can be transcluded in the /doc pages of various templates like {{tlx|Block indent}} and {{tlx|Quote}}, e.g. under a "Technical issue with block templates" heading or the like. Right now it takes no parameter other than {{para|1|{{var|foo}}}}, to change the <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code> to something else, thus changing the display (and operation) to use something other than {{para|1}} in the shown template operations. [[Category:Documentation shared content templates]] }} </noinclude> erbk8zg4fktqk8puwyoffooxrxrpo20 121226 121225 2026-09-04T22:14:21Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Block_bug_documentation]] 121225 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{notice|Ignore any errors showing below; they do not appear when this snippet is transcluded (nor does this message box). This doc snippet's output only works when it's transcluded into the context of a specific template, e.g. at [[Template:Block indent/doc]]}} </noinclude>If the block-formatted content uses a ''named'' parameter (including {{para|1}}) and begins with a list (or any other wikimarkup that is dependent upon a specific markup character being at the beginning of a line), because [[MediaWiki]] behavior is to strip whitespace from named parameters, a {{xtag|nowiki|s}} and a new line must exist before the list (or whatever) starts. This no longer affects ''unnamed'' parameters. Compare: {| class="wikitable" |- ! &nbsp; ! scope="col" | code ! scope="col" | result |- ! scope="row" | Works as intended |{{tlx|nolink=true|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|<br>*Firstly, ...<br/>*Secondly, ...<br/>*Thirdly, ...<br/>}} | <includeonly>{{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}| *Firstly, ... *Secondly, ... *Thirdly, ... }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{error|This output only works when this doc snippet is transcluded.}}</noinclude> |- ! scope="row" | FAIL |{{tlx|nolink=true|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{nowrap|{{{1|1}}}{{=}}}}<br>*Firstly, ...<br/>*Secondly, ...<br/>*Thirdly, ...<br/>}} | <includeonly>{{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{{1|1}}}= *Firstly, ... *Secondly, ... *Thirdly, ... }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{error|This output only works when this doc snippet is transcluded.}}</noinclude> |- ! scope="row" | Works as intended |{{tlx|nolink=true|{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{{1|1}}}{{=}}'''&lt;nowiki /&gt;'''<br/>*Firstly, ...<br/>*Secondly, ...<br/>*Thirdly, ...<br/>}} | <includeonly>{{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{{1|1}}}=<nowiki /> *Firstly, ... *Secondly, ... *Thirdly, ... }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{error|This output only works when this doc snippet is transcluded.}}</noinclude> |} To embed a table in block markup like this, the block template's content parameter must be named or numbered and include the self-closing nowiki – as in <code><nowiki>|1=&lt;nowiki /&gt;</nowiki></code> – then every <code><nowiki>|</nowiki></code> character in the table markup must be escaped with {{magic word|!}}. An alternative is to use explicit HTML {{tag|table|o}}, {{tag|tr|o}}, {{tag|th|o}}, and {{tag|td|o}} markup.<noinclude> {{Documentation|content=This is transcluded documentation, which can be transcluded in the /doc pages of various templates like {{tlx|Block indent}} and {{tlx|Quote}}, e.g. under a "Technical issue with block templates" heading or the like. Right now it takes no parameter other than {{para|1|{{var|foo}}}}, to change the <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code> to something else, thus changing the display (and operation) to use something other than {{para|1}} in the shown template operations. [[Category:Documentation shared content templates]] }} </noinclude> erbk8zg4fktqk8puwyoffooxrxrpo20 828 40467 121063 100175 2026-01-27T18:11:36Z en>RogueScholar 0 Update documentation to reflect updates to module 121063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Lua|Module:Format TemplateData/config|Module:Format TemplateData/global|Module:JSONutil|Module:Multilingual|Module:Text|Module:WLink}} <code>Module:Format TemplateData</code> – auxiliary functions for template documentation using TemplateData; core functionality is improved presentation on template documentation pages. __TOC__ == Usage == Currently focused on one template only: : {{Template link general|bold=on|plaincode=on|Format TemplateData}} == Rationale == === {{Anchor|improveMW}}Improve template documentation page – MediaWiki disappoints === For presentation of template depiction in VisualEditor agreement was made to abandon all markup and clickable links, permitting all tooltips in all environments. Basically this is reasonable, albeit tooltips with markup and clickable links are supported as HTML application for decades now and JavaScript is present anyway when VisualEditor is used. * In consequence it was decided, that also presentation on template documentation views never ever is permitted to contain effective links or markup. * That involved, that on many template documentation pages two separated parameter documentation tables are needed and required to be maintained simultaneously: One plain text version for VisualEditor, and a useful one for complex circumstances, with links and markup and lists and tables. – BTW, VisualEditor has not only tooltips, but also a static GUI view, where the lack of deepening links in parameter description is painful. This state is indefensible. ==== {{Anchor|enhancedJSON}}Improved presentation ==== In addition to the simple syntax supported by MediaWiki and presented in the VisualEditor, the following features can be added to the JSON code for the template documentation page. They affect the elements classified as ''InterfaceText'', but are only useful for description fields. '''Wikilinks''' (internal format) * Using double square brackets pages can be linked as common. * In VisualEditor, only link titles are visible, as it is displayed otherwise. '''External links''' ([[URL]] format) * Open URL are linked as usual by themselves. In VisualEditor they appear as normal text. * External links enclosed in simple square brackets are displayed normally on the template documentation page. In VisualEditor the title is omitted and the URL is displayed so that the users can c&p it and transfer it to the address field of the browser. There is no other way. '''Apostrophe''' <code>'</code> for italic and bold * They can be used to emphasize on the documentation page and are missing in VisualEditor (regular script). '''HTML entities''' * The following entities can be used: <code style="white-space: nowrap">&amp;lt; &amp;gt; &amp;amp; &amp;quot; &amp;nbsp;</code> and all numeric formats. '''HTML tags''' * HTML tags (and the MediaWiki elements that are not replaced in advance) are removed for the VisualEditor. Otherwise, they remain effective. * Attributes are often included in <code>"</code>, which conflicts with the JSON syntax. It is important to make sure that <code>'</code> is used, which can be a problem with template transclusions. '''Noexport tags''' ({{Tag|noexport|p}}) * The enclosed areas are not exported to the VisualEditor. * More complex wiki syntax and extensive explanations can be restricted to the documentation page. * Within a ''noexport'' area, the line structure of the source text is considered. Otherwise everything is running in a single line, as it would also be represented in the VisualEditor. '''Templates''' * In particular when the template parameter <code>JSON=</code> is used, templates can be distributed anywhere in the JSON code. However, the expanded syntax might collide with the JSON syntax. '''More effects''' * According to the state (required, suggested, optional, deprecated) the table rows are highlighted in light blue, white, gray and pale red. * When sorting by state, this importance is taken into account and not the alphabetical sequence of the keywords. * Each parameter can be addressed as a jump destination. The fragment is <code>#templatedata:</code>''parameter-name''. * Missing labels are highlighted as errors. * A maintenance category is triggered if errors occur. * If there are no parameters, the element <code>params:{}</code> is not required. ==== Eliminate disadvantages ==== Two aspects were found to be particularly disturbing in 2013–2017: # Even if no parameters at all were defined, a table head is always displayed for a table without content. Even more, this is sortable. #* A reduction was rejected with {{Phab|126150}}. A sortable table of the parameters would be always necessary, even if the table has no rows at all and consists only of the header row. #* This ridiculous statement led to the development of this module in 2016. # Even if the context does not permit that default values or even AutoValue specifications will be defined ever, a content-free six-line definition list is output for each individual parameter value. #* {{Phab|T125333}} / {{Phab|T137443}} / {{Phab|T160254}} / {{Phab|T52512}} #* MediaWiki did not even deign to answer the disastrous documentation page situation. The general comments show that MediaWiki only regards the presentation of TemplateData specifications in the VisualEditor as important. However, someone has to program and maintain the templates and someone needs to generate the template description and make it manageable beside the functionality in the VisualEditor form, but that is beyond ken. * Two years later the relatively easy task {{Phab|T125333}} has been solved by a community originated patch. == General workflow == * An attempt is made to read the JSON object (string) from passed template parameters. * If this failed, the source code of the current and the documentation page is searched for <code>&lt;templatedata></code> elements. * Two representations are obtained from the JSON object input: *# A localized version, markup etc. stripped off, in JSON format. *# An HTML structure, basically similar to the MediaWiki representation, possibly with table of the parameters, with enhanced features. * The result of the template is a visible documentation with markup, followed by a hidden <code>&lt;templatedata></code> element. This is done for the export and corresponds to the MediaWiki guidelines. ** If current page has been identified as documentation page the hidden <code>&lt;templatedata></code> is suppressed, and those pages do not appear separately in [[Special:PagesWithProp/templatedata]]. == {{Anchor|template}}Functions for templates == === Details === ; {{Anchor|f}}f : Improve TemplateData-presentation; used in [[Template:Format TemplateData]] : ''Parameters of template transclusion environment (all optional):''<section begin="templatePar" /> ::; 1 ::: JSON string or <code>&lt;templatedata></code> object ::; JSON ::: JSON string ::: (precedes '''1''') ::: Transition from <code>&lt;templatedata></code> objects with pipe symbols needs special attention: Pipes are to be represented as <code><nowiki>{{!}}</nowiki></code>, on double curly brackets one should be encoded by HTML entity. ::; TOC ::: <code>1</code> – Insert table of contents after general purpose descriptions; but before parameter list, if present ::: [[:de:Wikipedia:Lua/Modul/TemplateData/TOC|Example]] ::; lang ::: Language code according to [[ISO 639]] etc. ::; lazy ::: <code>1</code> – Presentation only, do not generate an effective data block ::: For general method descriptions. ::; debug ::: <code>1</code> – developer mode ::; source ::: <code>1</code> – show effective JSON source text (after template expansion) for debugging<section end="templatePar" /> : ''Parameters of'' <code>#invoke</code> ''for particular project adaption (all optional):'' ::; lang ::: Language code according to [[ISO 639]] etc. ::; debug ::: Development mode, if provided and not equal <code>0</code> ::; cat ::: Title of a maintenance category on invalid parameter value etc. ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] ::; docpageCreate ::: Pattern for creation of subpage names; <code>%s/Doku</code> ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] ::; docpageDetect ::: Pattern for recognition of subpage names; <code>/Doku$</code> ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] ::; msgDescMiss ::: Localisation: complaint text on missing <code>description</code> ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] : ''Returns:'' HTML code; and/or error message, probably with <code>class="error"</code> ; failsafe {{Anker|failsafe}} : Version management == {{Anchor|Lua}} Functions for Lua modules (API) == Some functions described above can be used by other modules: <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> local lucky, TemplateData = pcall( require, "Module:Format TemplateData" ) if type( TemplateData ) == "table" then TemplateData = TemplateData.TemplateData() else -- failure; TemplateData is the error message return "<span class='error'>" .. TemplateData .. "</span>" end </syntaxhighlight> ; TemplateData.[[#failsafe|failsafe]](atleast) :# atleast<br />''optional''<br />''nil'' or minimal version request or <code>"wikidata"</code> : Returns: ''string'' or ''false'' ; TemplateData.getPlainJSON(adapt) : Reduce enhanced JSON information to MediaWiki JSON :# adapt<br /> ''string'', with JSON (enhanced) : Returns: ''string'', with JSON (MediaWiki ) ; TemplateData.test(adapt, arglist) : Simulation of template functionality :# adapt<br /> ''table'', <code>#invoke</code> parameters :# arglist<br /> ''table'', template parameters : Returns: ''string'' == {{Anchor|config}} Configuration == A local module [[Module:Format TemplateData/config]], if present, facilitates adaptions to the local project. A ''table'' is expected via <code>mw.loadData</code>. The following entries are optional components: ; catProblem : Title of a maintenance category on invalid parameter value etc. ; classNoNumTOC : Name of class for the table of contents; especially to suppress numbering. : <code>nonumtoc</code> ; classTable : ''table'' with classes for the table of parameters. : <code>{ "wikitable" }</code> ; cssParams : ''table'' with CSS assignments for formatting of single parameters ; cssParWrap : ''table'' with CSS assignments for formatting of the entire parameter table ; docpageCreate : Pattern for creation of subpage names; <code>%s/Doku</code> : <code>%s/Doku</code> ; docpageDetect : Pattern for recognition of subpage names; <code>/Doku$</code> : <code>/Doku$</code> ; help********* : Link targets for context sensitive help on details ; helpBoolean ; helpContent ; helpDate ; helpFile ; helpFormat : Link target on help about wikitext transclusion layout ; helpLine ; helpNumber ; helpPage ; helpString ; helpTemplate ; helpURL ; helpUser ; msgDescMiss : Localisation: complaint text on missing <code>description</code> ; permit : ''table'' with specification of properties for a single parameter; components: :; boole :: ''table'' with specification for ''boolean'' presentation :: Two components <code>true</code> and <code>false</code> – each one ''table'': ::; css ::: ''table'' with CSS for this explanation of the value ::; lead ::: <code>true</code> – show explanation for <code>0</code> or <code>1</code> respectively preceding the value ::: <code>false</code> – show explanation for <code>0</code> or <code>1</code> respectively following the value ::; show ::: explanation; ''string'' or <code>false</code> to suppress :; css :: ''table'' with specifications for rendering of the parameter table; components: ::; tablehead ::: ''table'' with CSS for table head ::; required ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>required</code> ::; suggested ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>suggested</code> ::; optional ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>optional</code> ::; deprecated ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>deprecated</code> e4gppkb22w5db1zep62yssnuvus5aah 121064 121063 2026-09-04T22:06:01Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Format_TemplateData/doc]] 121063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Lua|Module:Format TemplateData/config|Module:Format TemplateData/global|Module:JSONutil|Module:Multilingual|Module:Text|Module:WLink}} <code>Module:Format TemplateData</code> – auxiliary functions for template documentation using TemplateData; core functionality is improved presentation on template documentation pages. __TOC__ == Usage == Currently focused on one template only: : {{Template link general|bold=on|plaincode=on|Format TemplateData}} == Rationale == === {{Anchor|improveMW}}Improve template documentation page – MediaWiki disappoints === For presentation of template depiction in VisualEditor agreement was made to abandon all markup and clickable links, permitting all tooltips in all environments. Basically this is reasonable, albeit tooltips with markup and clickable links are supported as HTML application for decades now and JavaScript is present anyway when VisualEditor is used. * In consequence it was decided, that also presentation on template documentation views never ever is permitted to contain effective links or markup. * That involved, that on many template documentation pages two separated parameter documentation tables are needed and required to be maintained simultaneously: One plain text version for VisualEditor, and a useful one for complex circumstances, with links and markup and lists and tables. – BTW, VisualEditor has not only tooltips, but also a static GUI view, where the lack of deepening links in parameter description is painful. This state is indefensible. ==== {{Anchor|enhancedJSON}}Improved presentation ==== In addition to the simple syntax supported by MediaWiki and presented in the VisualEditor, the following features can be added to the JSON code for the template documentation page. They affect the elements classified as ''InterfaceText'', but are only useful for description fields. '''Wikilinks''' (internal format) * Using double square brackets pages can be linked as common. * In VisualEditor, only link titles are visible, as it is displayed otherwise. '''External links''' ([[URL]] format) * Open URL are linked as usual by themselves. In VisualEditor they appear as normal text. * External links enclosed in simple square brackets are displayed normally on the template documentation page. In VisualEditor the title is omitted and the URL is displayed so that the users can c&p it and transfer it to the address field of the browser. There is no other way. '''Apostrophe''' <code>'</code> for italic and bold * They can be used to emphasize on the documentation page and are missing in VisualEditor (regular script). '''HTML entities''' * The following entities can be used: <code style="white-space: nowrap">&amp;lt; &amp;gt; &amp;amp; &amp;quot; &amp;nbsp;</code> and all numeric formats. '''HTML tags''' * HTML tags (and the MediaWiki elements that are not replaced in advance) are removed for the VisualEditor. Otherwise, they remain effective. * Attributes are often included in <code>"</code>, which conflicts with the JSON syntax. It is important to make sure that <code>'</code> is used, which can be a problem with template transclusions. '''Noexport tags''' ({{Tag|noexport|p}}) * The enclosed areas are not exported to the VisualEditor. * More complex wiki syntax and extensive explanations can be restricted to the documentation page. * Within a ''noexport'' area, the line structure of the source text is considered. Otherwise everything is running in a single line, as it would also be represented in the VisualEditor. '''Templates''' * In particular when the template parameter <code>JSON=</code> is used, templates can be distributed anywhere in the JSON code. However, the expanded syntax might collide with the JSON syntax. '''More effects''' * According to the state (required, suggested, optional, deprecated) the table rows are highlighted in light blue, white, gray and pale red. * When sorting by state, this importance is taken into account and not the alphabetical sequence of the keywords. * Each parameter can be addressed as a jump destination. The fragment is <code>#templatedata:</code>''parameter-name''. * Missing labels are highlighted as errors. * A maintenance category is triggered if errors occur. * If there are no parameters, the element <code>params:{}</code> is not required. ==== Eliminate disadvantages ==== Two aspects were found to be particularly disturbing in 2013–2017: # Even if no parameters at all were defined, a table head is always displayed for a table without content. Even more, this is sortable. #* A reduction was rejected with {{Phab|126150}}. A sortable table of the parameters would be always necessary, even if the table has no rows at all and consists only of the header row. #* This ridiculous statement led to the development of this module in 2016. # Even if the context does not permit that default values or even AutoValue specifications will be defined ever, a content-free six-line definition list is output for each individual parameter value. #* {{Phab|T125333}} / {{Phab|T137443}} / {{Phab|T160254}} / {{Phab|T52512}} #* MediaWiki did not even deign to answer the disastrous documentation page situation. The general comments show that MediaWiki only regards the presentation of TemplateData specifications in the VisualEditor as important. However, someone has to program and maintain the templates and someone needs to generate the template description and make it manageable beside the functionality in the VisualEditor form, but that is beyond ken. * Two years later the relatively easy task {{Phab|T125333}} has been solved by a community originated patch. == General workflow == * An attempt is made to read the JSON object (string) from passed template parameters. * If this failed, the source code of the current and the documentation page is searched for <code>&lt;templatedata></code> elements. * Two representations are obtained from the JSON object input: *# A localized version, markup etc. stripped off, in JSON format. *# An HTML structure, basically similar to the MediaWiki representation, possibly with table of the parameters, with enhanced features. * The result of the template is a visible documentation with markup, followed by a hidden <code>&lt;templatedata></code> element. This is done for the export and corresponds to the MediaWiki guidelines. ** If current page has been identified as documentation page the hidden <code>&lt;templatedata></code> is suppressed, and those pages do not appear separately in [[Special:PagesWithProp/templatedata]]. == {{Anchor|template}}Functions for templates == === Details === ; {{Anchor|f}}f : Improve TemplateData-presentation; used in [[Template:Format TemplateData]] : ''Parameters of template transclusion environment (all optional):''<section begin="templatePar" /> ::; 1 ::: JSON string or <code>&lt;templatedata></code> object ::; JSON ::: JSON string ::: (precedes '''1''') ::: Transition from <code>&lt;templatedata></code> objects with pipe symbols needs special attention: Pipes are to be represented as <code><nowiki>{{!}}</nowiki></code>, on double curly brackets one should be encoded by HTML entity. ::; TOC ::: <code>1</code> – Insert table of contents after general purpose descriptions; but before parameter list, if present ::: [[:de:Wikipedia:Lua/Modul/TemplateData/TOC|Example]] ::; lang ::: Language code according to [[ISO 639]] etc. ::; lazy ::: <code>1</code> – Presentation only, do not generate an effective data block ::: For general method descriptions. ::; debug ::: <code>1</code> – developer mode ::; source ::: <code>1</code> – show effective JSON source text (after template expansion) for debugging<section end="templatePar" /> : ''Parameters of'' <code>#invoke</code> ''for particular project adaption (all optional):'' ::; lang ::: Language code according to [[ISO 639]] etc. ::; debug ::: Development mode, if provided and not equal <code>0</code> ::; cat ::: Title of a maintenance category on invalid parameter value etc. ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] ::; docpageCreate ::: Pattern for creation of subpage names; <code>%s/Doku</code> ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] ::; docpageDetect ::: Pattern for recognition of subpage names; <code>/Doku$</code> ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] ::; msgDescMiss ::: Localisation: complaint text on missing <code>description</code> ::: '''Deprecated''' – use [[#config|configuration module]] : ''Returns:'' HTML code; and/or error message, probably with <code>class="error"</code> ; failsafe {{Anker|failsafe}} : Version management == {{Anchor|Lua}} Functions for Lua modules (API) == Some functions described above can be used by other modules: <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> local lucky, TemplateData = pcall( require, "Module:Format TemplateData" ) if type( TemplateData ) == "table" then TemplateData = TemplateData.TemplateData() else -- failure; TemplateData is the error message return "<span class='error'>" .. TemplateData .. "</span>" end </syntaxhighlight> ; TemplateData.[[#failsafe|failsafe]](atleast) :# atleast<br />''optional''<br />''nil'' or minimal version request or <code>"wikidata"</code> : Returns: ''string'' or ''false'' ; TemplateData.getPlainJSON(adapt) : Reduce enhanced JSON information to MediaWiki JSON :# adapt<br /> ''string'', with JSON (enhanced) : Returns: ''string'', with JSON (MediaWiki ) ; TemplateData.test(adapt, arglist) : Simulation of template functionality :# adapt<br /> ''table'', <code>#invoke</code> parameters :# arglist<br /> ''table'', template parameters : Returns: ''string'' == {{Anchor|config}} Configuration == A local module [[Module:Format TemplateData/config]], if present, facilitates adaptions to the local project. A ''table'' is expected via <code>mw.loadData</code>. The following entries are optional components: ; catProblem : Title of a maintenance category on invalid parameter value etc. ; classNoNumTOC : Name of class for the table of contents; especially to suppress numbering. : <code>nonumtoc</code> ; classTable : ''table'' with classes for the table of parameters. : <code>{ "wikitable" }</code> ; cssParams : ''table'' with CSS assignments for formatting of single parameters ; cssParWrap : ''table'' with CSS assignments for formatting of the entire parameter table ; docpageCreate : Pattern for creation of subpage names; <code>%s/Doku</code> : <code>%s/Doku</code> ; docpageDetect : Pattern for recognition of subpage names; <code>/Doku$</code> : <code>/Doku$</code> ; help********* : Link targets for context sensitive help on details ; helpBoolean ; helpContent ; helpDate ; helpFile ; helpFormat : Link target on help about wikitext transclusion layout ; helpLine ; helpNumber ; helpPage ; helpString ; helpTemplate ; helpURL ; helpUser ; msgDescMiss : Localisation: complaint text on missing <code>description</code> ; permit : ''table'' with specification of properties for a single parameter; components: :; boole :: ''table'' with specification for ''boolean'' presentation :: Two components <code>true</code> and <code>false</code> – each one ''table'': ::; css ::: ''table'' with CSS for this explanation of the value ::; lead ::: <code>true</code> – show explanation for <code>0</code> or <code>1</code> respectively preceding the value ::: <code>false</code> – show explanation for <code>0</code> or <code>1</code> respectively following the value ::; show ::: explanation; ''string'' or <code>false</code> to suppress :; css :: ''table'' with specifications for rendering of the parameter table; components: ::; tablehead ::: ''table'' with CSS for table head ::; required ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>required</code> ::; suggested ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>suggested</code> ::; optional ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>optional</code> ::; deprecated ::: ''table'' with CSS for <code>deprecated</code> e4gppkb22w5db1zep62yssnuvus5aah 10 41489 121261 101900 2025-05-24T14:33:29Z en>Andrybak 0 [[Category:If-namespace-then-else templates]] 121261 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect [[Template:Template other]] [[Category:Template namespace templates]] [[Category:If-namespace-then-else templates]] jji1jc1oo4rgkse6n665u4fdr70lu7b 121262 121261 2026-09-04T22:15:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:When_on_template_page]] 121261 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect [[Template:Template other]] [[Category:Template namespace templates]] [[Category:If-namespace-then-else templates]] jji1jc1oo4rgkse6n665u4fdr70lu7b 10 41547 121175 102030 2026-08-26T20:05:49Z en>W.andrea 0 /* */ move {{Documentation subpage}} to top 121175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{hatnote|This template is for linking to main content. For the mainspace detection template, see [[Template:Main other]].}} <noinclude>{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}</noinclude> {{High-use}} {{Never substitute}} {{Lua|icononly=on|Module:Labelled list hatnote}} When a [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|Wikipedia article]] is large, it is often written in [[Wikipedia:Summary style|summary style]]. This [[Wikipedia:Template messages|template]] is used after the heading of the summary, to link to the subtopic article that has been summarized. For [[Help:Category|Category namespace]], use {{tl|Category main article}} instead. Use of this template should be restricted to the purposes described above. It is {{em|not}} to be used as a substitute for inline links or {{tl|Further}} template. The latter is used when the section expounds a specific aspect of the topic instead of summarizing its article. For example, in [[phthalate]], the template under the "Endocrine disruptor" section should {{em|not}} be {{tlf|Main|Endocrine disruptor}}, because the section specifically deals with phthalate as an endocrine disruptor and not endocrine disruptors in general. Do not use this template on top of a page (such as above the lead), where hatnotes are for disambiguation and not for related topics (according to [[WP:RELATED]]). A lead section is always a summary of its own article, not any other; as such, the only appropriate target for a {{tl|Main}} link in the lead section would be the article itself, which is not useful. {{TOC limit}} ==Usage== {{see|WP:SUMMARYHATNOTE}} {{startplainlist}} * {{vad|Basic usage:|7.5em|left}} <code>{{((}}{{BASEPAGENAME}}{{!}}{{var|page}}{{))}}</code> * {{vad|All parameters:|7.5em|left}} <code>{{((}}{{BASEPAGENAME}}{{!}}{{var|page1}}{{!}}{{var|page2}}{{!}}{{var|page3}}{{!}}&nbsp;...&nbsp;{{!}}l1&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|label1}}{{!}}l2&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|label2}}{{!}}l3&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|label3}}{{!}}&nbsp;...&nbsp;{{!}}selfref&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|yes}}{{))}}</code> {{endplainlist}} ==Parameters== *<code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>, ... – the pages to link to. If no page names are specified, the current page name is used instead (without the [[Wikipedia:Namespace|namespace]] prefix). Categories and files are automatically escaped with the [[Help:Colon trick|colon trick]], and links to sections are automatically formatted as ''page § section'', rather than the MediaWiki default of ''page#section''. *<code>l1</code>, <code>l2</code>, <code>l3</code>, ... ''or''<code>label 1</code>, <code>label 2</code>, <code>label 3</code>, ... – optional labels for each of the pages to link to (this is for articles where a piped link would be used). Note that the extra parameters use a lower case 'L', for example, <code>l1</code>, <u>not</u> <code>L1</code>. *<code>selfref</code> – if set to "yes", "y", "true" or "1", adds the CSS class "selfref". This is used to denote self-references to Wikipedia. See [[Template:Selfref]] for more information. This is only necessary in articles and other content (e.g. templates) that will appear in articles, and need not be added for uses of this template on <code>Wikipedia:</code> namespace pages. ==Tracking categories== *Templates in articles that link to nonexistent pages are tracked in {{clc|Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page}}. ==Template data== {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template is used after the heading of a section, to link to a sub-article (or sub-articles) that is entirely about the topic of the section. The template will display, in italics, \"Main article: Article 1, Article 2 and Article 3\"", "params": { "1": { "label": "Page 1", "description": "The name of the first page that you want to link to. If this is not specified, the current page name (with no namespace prefix) is used instead. ", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": true, "suggested": true }, "2": { "label": "Page 2", "description": "The name of the second page that you want to link to.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "3": { "label": "Page 3", "description": "The name of the third page that you want to link to. More pages can be added using the parameters \"4\", \"5\", etc.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "4": { "label": "Page 4", "description": "The name of the fourth page that you want to link to.", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "5": { "label": "Page 5", "description": "The name of the fifth page that you want to link to.", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "l1": { "type": "string", "label": "Label 1", "description": "What the first linked page is to be displayed as.", "aliases": [ "label 1" ] }, "l2": { "label": "Label 2", "description": "What the second linked page is to be displayed as.", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "label 2" ] }, "l3": { "label": "Label 3", "description": "What the third linked page is to be displayed as. Other labels can be added by using increasing numbers (starting with \"l4\" for page 4) as parameter names.", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "label 3" ] }, "selfref": { "type": "boolean", "label": "Self reference", "description": "Set to \"yes\" if the template is a self-reference to Wikipedia that would not make sense on mirrors or forks of the Wikipedia site." }, "l4": { "aliases": [ "label 4" ], "label": "Label 4", "description": "What the fourth linked page is to be displayed as.", "type": "string" }, "l5": { "aliases": [ "label 5" ], "label": "Label 5", "description": "What the fifth linked page is to be displayed as.", "type": "string" } }, "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "l1", "l2", "l3", "l4", "l5", "selfref" ], "format": "{{_|_ = _}}\n" } </templatedata> ==Examples== {{hatnote|Underscores (_) between words are not necessary}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|category=no}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article#Section title}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article#Section title}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article#Section|l1=Custom section label}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article#Section|l1=Custom section label}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article1|Article2|Article3}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article1|Article2|Article3}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article1|l1=Custom label 1|Article2|l2=Custom label 2}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article1|l1=Custom label 1|Article2|l2=Custom label 2}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|(15760) 1992 QB1|l1={{mp|(15760) 1992 QB|1}}}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|(15760) 1992 QB1|l1={{mp|(15760) 1992 QB|1}}}} ==Errors== If the name of the first page that you want to link to is not specified, the current page name (with no namespace prefix) is used instead: *{{Main|category=no}} No errors can be displayed due to the illegal usage of parameters or other usages (i.e. the first parameter can be omitted, other parameters can be used even if the first one is empty (and automatically filled with the current page name (with no namespace prefix)), equals sign can be used as one of the parameters, and template can be used by direct call to the module (using "#invoke")). This is not the case for {{tl|see also}}, for example. ==See also== *{{tl|Main list}}: For a more comprehensive list, see {{color|blue|Article}}. *{{tl|Broader}}: For broader coverage of this topic, see {{color|blue|Article}}. *{{tl|Excerpt}}, which allows transclusion of text (such as an intro section) from one article into another *{{tl|Further}}: Further information: {{color|blue|Article}}. *{{tl|Official website}} {{Hatnote templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go here and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> [[Category:Hatnote templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia page-section templates]] [[Category:Variadic templates]] }}</includeonly> s8nko87k1ijvgk4z4tqy8518mb2wj7j 121176 121175 2026-09-04T22:10:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Main/doc]] 121175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{hatnote|This template is for linking to main content. For the mainspace detection template, see [[Template:Main other]].}} <noinclude>{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}</noinclude> {{High-use}} {{Never substitute}} {{Lua|icononly=on|Module:Labelled list hatnote}} When a [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|Wikipedia article]] is large, it is often written in [[Wikipedia:Summary style|summary style]]. This [[Wikipedia:Template messages|template]] is used after the heading of the summary, to link to the subtopic article that has been summarized. For [[Help:Category|Category namespace]], use {{tl|Category main article}} instead. Use of this template should be restricted to the purposes described above. It is {{em|not}} to be used as a substitute for inline links or {{tl|Further}} template. The latter is used when the section expounds a specific aspect of the topic instead of summarizing its article. For example, in [[phthalate]], the template under the "Endocrine disruptor" section should {{em|not}} be {{tlf|Main|Endocrine disruptor}}, because the section specifically deals with phthalate as an endocrine disruptor and not endocrine disruptors in general. Do not use this template on top of a page (such as above the lead), where hatnotes are for disambiguation and not for related topics (according to [[WP:RELATED]]). A lead section is always a summary of its own article, not any other; as such, the only appropriate target for a {{tl|Main}} link in the lead section would be the article itself, which is not useful. {{TOC limit}} ==Usage== {{see|WP:SUMMARYHATNOTE}} {{startplainlist}} * {{vad|Basic usage:|7.5em|left}} <code>{{((}}{{BASEPAGENAME}}{{!}}{{var|page}}{{))}}</code> * {{vad|All parameters:|7.5em|left}} <code>{{((}}{{BASEPAGENAME}}{{!}}{{var|page1}}{{!}}{{var|page2}}{{!}}{{var|page3}}{{!}}&nbsp;...&nbsp;{{!}}l1&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|label1}}{{!}}l2&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|label2}}{{!}}l3&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|label3}}{{!}}&nbsp;...&nbsp;{{!}}selfref&nbsp;{{=}}&nbsp;{{var|yes}}{{))}}</code> {{endplainlist}} ==Parameters== *<code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>, ... – the pages to link to. If no page names are specified, the current page name is used instead (without the [[Wikipedia:Namespace|namespace]] prefix). Categories and files are automatically escaped with the [[Help:Colon trick|colon trick]], and links to sections are automatically formatted as ''page § section'', rather than the MediaWiki default of ''page#section''. *<code>l1</code>, <code>l2</code>, <code>l3</code>, ... ''or''<code>label 1</code>, <code>label 2</code>, <code>label 3</code>, ... – optional labels for each of the pages to link to (this is for articles where a piped link would be used). Note that the extra parameters use a lower case 'L', for example, <code>l1</code>, <u>not</u> <code>L1</code>. *<code>selfref</code> – if set to "yes", "y", "true" or "1", adds the CSS class "selfref". This is used to denote self-references to Wikipedia. See [[Template:Selfref]] for more information. This is only necessary in articles and other content (e.g. templates) that will appear in articles, and need not be added for uses of this template on <code>Wikipedia:</code> namespace pages. ==Tracking categories== *Templates in articles that link to nonexistent pages are tracked in {{clc|Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page}}. ==Template data== {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "This template is used after the heading of a section, to link to a sub-article (or sub-articles) that is entirely about the topic of the section. The template will display, in italics, \"Main article: Article 1, Article 2 and Article 3\"", "params": { "1": { "label": "Page 1", "description": "The name of the first page that you want to link to. If this is not specified, the current page name (with no namespace prefix) is used instead. ", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": true, "suggested": true }, "2": { "label": "Page 2", "description": "The name of the second page that you want to link to.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "3": { "label": "Page 3", "description": "The name of the third page that you want to link to. More pages can be added using the parameters \"4\", \"5\", etc.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": false }, "4": { "label": "Page 4", "description": "The name of the fourth page that you want to link to.", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "5": { "label": "Page 5", "description": "The name of the fifth page that you want to link to.", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "l1": { "type": "string", "label": "Label 1", "description": "What the first linked page is to be displayed as.", "aliases": [ "label 1" ] }, "l2": { "label": "Label 2", "description": "What the second linked page is to be displayed as.", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "label 2" ] }, "l3": { "label": "Label 3", "description": "What the third linked page is to be displayed as. Other labels can be added by using increasing numbers (starting with \"l4\" for page 4) as parameter names.", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "label 3" ] }, "selfref": { "type": "boolean", "label": "Self reference", "description": "Set to \"yes\" if the template is a self-reference to Wikipedia that would not make sense on mirrors or forks of the Wikipedia site." }, "l4": { "aliases": [ "label 4" ], "label": "Label 4", "description": "What the fourth linked page is to be displayed as.", "type": "string" }, "l5": { "aliases": [ "label 5" ], "label": "Label 5", "description": "What the fifth linked page is to be displayed as.", "type": "string" } }, "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "l1", "l2", "l3", "l4", "l5", "selfref" ], "format": "{{_|_ = _}}\n" } </templatedata> ==Examples== {{hatnote|Underscores (_) between words are not necessary}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|category=no}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article#Section title}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article#Section title}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article#Section|l1=Custom section label}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article#Section|l1=Custom section label}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article1|Article2|Article3}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article1|Article2|Article3}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|Article1|l1=Custom label 1|Article2|l2=Custom label 2}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|Article1|l1=Custom label 1|Article2|l2=Custom label 2}} *<code><nowiki>{{Main|(15760) 1992 QB1|l1={{mp|(15760) 1992 QB|1}}}}</nowiki></code> &rarr; {{main|(15760) 1992 QB1|l1={{mp|(15760) 1992 QB|1}}}} ==Errors== If the name of the first page that you want to link to is not specified, the current page name (with no namespace prefix) is used instead: *{{Main|category=no}} No errors can be displayed due to the illegal usage of parameters or other usages (i.e. the first parameter can be omitted, other parameters can be used even if the first one is empty (and automatically filled with the current page name (with no namespace prefix)), equals sign can be used as one of the parameters, and template can be used by direct call to the module (using "#invoke")). This is not the case for {{tl|see also}}, for example. ==See also== *{{tl|Main list}}: For a more comprehensive list, see {{color|blue|Article}}. *{{tl|Broader}}: For broader coverage of this topic, see {{color|blue|Article}}. *{{tl|Excerpt}}, which allows transclusion of text (such as an intro section) from one article into another *{{tl|Further}}: Further information: {{color|blue|Article}}. *{{tl|Official website}} {{Hatnote templates}} <includeonly>{{sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go here and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> [[Category:Hatnote templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia page-section templates]] [[Category:Variadic templates]] }}</includeonly> s8nko87k1ijvgk4z4tqy8518mb2wj7j 10 43806 121153 105589 2026-08-28T14:35:40Z en>W.andrea 0 /* TemplateData */ Mention {{code}} in description. +brackets for clarity. 121153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Expensive}} {{tlr|syntaxhilight|syntax highlight}} {{tsh|sxhl|synhl|synhi}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> Simple wrapper around the {{xtag|syntaxhighlight}} tag to show [[Syntax highlighting|syntax-highlighted]] text. Unlike {{tag|syntaxhighlight|o}}, text that does not fit on the screen will be [[text wrap|wrapped]]. ==Usage== {{tlx|Syntaxhighlight|''code''|''lang''}} * ''code'' will become the contents of the syntax highlighted block. * ''lang'' is the language used for syntax highlighting. Use {{para|lang|wikitext}} for [[Help:wikitext|wikitext]] (wikimarkup). Other supported languages are [[#Supported languages|listed below]]. For inline mode, use {{tlx|code}} instead. (Despite the name, it generates {{tag|syntaxhighlight|o|attribs=inline}}, not {{tag|code|o}}.) The {{tag|syntaxhighlight|o}} tag used by this template is an [[WP:EXPENSIVE|expensive parser function call]], so, if it is used on a page with 500 or more 'expensive' parser functions, all subsequent instances of this template after the 500th expensive function use on that page will be rendered as {{tag|code|link=y}} blocks (without syntax highlighting). ==Supported languages== {{main|mw: Extension: SyntaxHighlight#Supported languages}} {{Incomplete list}} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="float:left" !Code||Language |- |<code>4cs</code>||4CS |- |<code>6502acme</code>||[[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] (6510) ACME Cross Assembler |- |<code>6502kickass</code>||[[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] (6510) Kick Assembler |- |<code>6502tasm</code>||[[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] (6510) TASM/64TASS |- |<code>68000devpac</code>||[[Motorola 68000]] HiSoft Devpac ST 2 assembly |- |<code>abap</code>||[[ABAP]] |- |<code>actionscript</code>||[[ActionScript]] |- |<code>actionscript3</code>||[[ActionScript]]3 |- |<code>ada</code>||[[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] |- |<code>algol68</code>||[[ALGOL 68]] |- |<code>apache</code>||[[Apache HTTP Server|Apache configuration]] |- |<code>applescript</code>||[[AppleScript]] |- |<code>apt_sources</code>||[[APT (software)|APT sources]] |- |<code>arm</code>||[[ARM architecture family|ARM]] assembly |- |<code>asm</code>||[[Assembly language|Assembly]] |- |<code>asp</code>||[[Active Server Pages]] (ASP) |- |<code>asymptote</code>||[[Asymptote (vector graphics language)|Asymptote]] |- |<code>autoconf</code>||[[Autoconf]] |- |<code>autohotkey</code>||[[AutoHotkey]] |- |<code>autoit</code>||[[AutoIt]] |- |<code>avisynth</code>||[[AviSynth]] |- |<code>awk</code>||[[AWK]] |- |<code>bascomavr</code>||BASCOM AVR |- |<code>bash</code>||[[Bash (Unix shell)|Bash]] |- |<code>basic4gl</code>||[[Basic4GL]] |- |<code>bf</code>||[[Brainfuck]] |- |<code>bibtex</code>||[[BibTeX]] |- |<code>blitzbasic</code>||[[Blitz BASIC]] |- |<code>bnf</code>||[[Backus–Naur form]] |- |<code>boo</code>||[[Boo (programming language)|Boo]] |- |<code>c</code>||[[C (programming language)|C]] |- |<code>c_loadrunner</code>||C Loadrunner |- |<code>c_mac</code>||C (Mac) |- |<code>caddcl</code>||AutoCAD [[Dialog Control Language]] (DCL) |- |<code>cadlisp</code>||[[AutoLISP]] |- |<code>cfdg</code>||CFDG |- |<code>cfm</code>||[[ColdFusion Markup Language]] |- |<code>chaiscript</code>||[[ChaiScript]] |- |<code>cil</code>||[[Common Intermediate Language]] (CIL) |- |<code>clojure</code>||[[Clojure]] |- |<code>clp</code>||[[Control Language]] Program |- |<code>cmake</code>||[[CMake]] |- |<code>cobol</code>||[[COBOL]] |- |<code>coffeescript</code>||[[CoffeeScript]] |- |<code>cpp</code>||[[C++]] |- |<code>cpp-qt</code>||[[Qt (software)|C++ (Qt toolkit)]] |- |<code>csharp</code>||[[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] |- |<code>css</code>||[[Cascading Style Sheets]] (CSS) |- |<code>cuesheet</code>||[[Cue sheet (computing)|Cue sheet]] |- |<code>d</code>||[[D (programming language)|D]] |- |<code>dcl</code>||[[DIGITAL Command Language]] |- |<code>dcpu16</code>||[[DCPU-16]] |- |<code>dcs</code>||Data Conversion System |- |<code>delphi</code>||[[Delphi (software)|Delphi]] |- |<code>diff</code>||[[Diff]] |- |<code>div</code>||DIV |- |<code>dos</code>||[[DOS batch file]] |- |<code>dot</code>||[[DOT (graph description language)|DOT]] |- |<code>e</code>||[[E (programming language)|E]] |- |<code>ecmascript</code>||[[ECMAScript]] |- |<code>eiffel</code>||[[Eiffel (programming language)|Eiffel]] |- |<code>email</code>||Email ([[mbox]] \ eml \ RFC format) |- |<code>epc</code>||Enerscript |- |<code>erlang</code>||[[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]] |- |<code>euphoria</code>||[[Euphoria (programming language)|Euphoria]] |- |<code>f1</code>||Formula One |- |<code>fo</code>||FO |- |<code>fortran</code>||[[Fortran]] |- |<code>freebasic</code>||[[FreeBASIC]] |- |<code>freeswitch</code>||[[FreeSWITCH]] |- |<code>fsharp</code>||[[Fsharp]] |- |<code>gambas</code>||[[Gambas]] |- |<code>gdb</code>||[[GDB]] |- |<code>genero</code>||Genero |- |<code>genie</code>||Genie |- |<code>gettext</code>||[[gettext]] |- |<code>glsl</code>||[[OpenGL Shading Language]] (GLSL) |- |<code>gml</code>||[[Game Maker Language]] (GML) |- |<code>gnuplot</code>||[[gnuplot]] |- |<code>go</code>||[[Go (programming language)|Go]] |- |<code>groovy</code>||[[Apache Groovy|Groovy]] |- |<code>gwbasic</code>||[[GW-BASIC]] |- |<code>haskell</code>||[[Haskell]] |- |<code>haxe</code>||[[Haxe]] |- |<code>hicest</code>||HicEst |- |<code>hq9plus</code>||HQ9+ |- |<code>html</code>||[[HTML]] |- |<code>icon</code>||[[Icon (programming language)|Icon]] |- |<code>idl</code>||[[Universal Network Objects|Uno IDL]] |- |<code>ini</code>||[[INI file|INI]] |- |<code>inno</code>||[[Inno Setup|Inno]] |- |<code>intercal</code>||[[INTERCAL]] |- |<code>io</code>||[[Io (programming language)|Io]] |- |<code>j</code>||[[J (programming language)|J]] |- |<code>java</code>||[[Java (programming language)|Java]] |- |<code>java5</code>||[[Java (programming language)|Java(TM) 2 Platform Standard Edition 5.0 ]] |- |<code>javascript</code>||[[JavaScript]] |- |<code>jcl</code>||[[Job Control Language]] |- |<code>kixtart</code>||[[KiXtart]] |- |<code>klonec</code>||Klone C |- |<code>klonecpp</code>||Klone C++ |- |<code>latex</code>||[[LaTeX]] |- |<code>lb</code>||[[Liberty BASIC]] |- |<code>ldif</code>||[[LDAP Data Interchange Format]] |- |<code>lisp</code>||[[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]] |- |<code>llvm</code>||[[LLVM]] |- |<code>locobasic</code>||[[Locomotive BASIC]] |- |<code>logtalk</code>||[[Logtalk]] |- |<code>lolcode</code>||[[LOLCODE]] |- |<code>lotusformulas</code>||[[Formula language]] |- |<code>lotusscript</code>||[[LotusScript]] |- |<code>lscript</code>||[[LScript|LightWave 3D]] |- |<code>lsl2</code>||[[Linden Scripting Language]] |- |<code>lua</code>||[[Lua]] |- |<code>magiksf</code>||[[Magik (programming language)|Magik]] |- |<code>m68k</code>||[[Motorola 68000]] assembly |- |<code>make</code>||[[Make (software)|make]] |- |<code>mapbasic</code>||[[MapBasic]] |- |<code>matlab</code>||[[MATLAB]] M |- |<code>mirc</code>||[[mIRC scripting language]] |- |<code>mmix</code>||[[MMIX]] |- |<code>modula2</code>||[[Modula-2]] |- |<code>modula3</code>||[[Modula-3]] |- |<code>mpasm</code>||[[PIC microcontrollers|Microchip assembly]] |- |<code>mxml</code>||MXML |- |<code>mysql</code>||[[MySQL]] |- |<code>nagios</code>||[[Nagios]] |- |<code>netrexx</code>||[[NetRexx]] |- |<code>newlisp</code>||[[NewLISP]] |- |<code>nsis</code>||[[Nullsoft Scriptable Install System]] (NSIS) |- |<code>oberon2</code>||[[Oberon-2]] |- |<code>objc</code>||[[Objective-C]] |- |<code>objeck</code>||Objeck |- |<code>ocaml</code>||[[OCaml]] |- |<code>ocaml-brief</code>||[[OCaml]] |- |<code>ocl</code>||[[Operational Control Language]] |- |<code>octave</code>||[[GNU Octave|Octave]] |- |<code>oobas</code>||[[OpenOffice Basic]] |- |<code>oorexx</code>||[[Object REXX]] |- |<code>oracle11</code>||[[PL/SQL|Oracle 11 SQL]] |- |<code>oracle8</code>||[[PL/SQL|Oracle 8 SQL]] |- |<code>oxygene</code>||[[Oxygene (programming language)|Oxygene]] |- |<code>oz</code>||[[Oz (programming language)|Oz]] |- |<code>parasail</code>||[[ParaSail (programming language)|ParaSail]] |- |<code>parigp</code>||[[PARI/GP]] |- |<code>pascal</code>||[[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]] |- |<code>pcre</code>||[[Perl Compatible Regular Expressions]] |- |<code>per</code>||per |- |<code>perl</code>||[[Perl]] |- |<code>perl6</code>||[[Raku (programming language)|Raku]] |- |<code>pf</code>||[[PF (firewall)|PF]] |- |<code>php</code>||[[PHP]] |- |<code>php-brief</code>||[[PHP]] |- |<code>pic16</code>||[[PIC microcontrollers|PIC]] assembly |- |<code>pike</code>||[[Pike (programming language)|Pike]] |- |<code>pixelbender</code>||[[Adobe Pixel Bender|Pixel Bender]] |- |<code>pli</code>||[[PL/I]] |- |<code>plsql</code>||[[PL/SQL]] |- |<code>postgresql</code>||[[PostgreSQL]] |- |<code>povray</code>||[[POV-Ray|Persistence of Vision Raytracer]] |- |<code>powerbuilder</code>||[[PowerBuilder]] |- |<code>powershell</code>||[[PowerShell]] |- |<code>proftpd</code>||[[ProFTPD]] |- |<code>progress</code>||[[OpenEdge Advanced Business Language]] |- |<code>prolog</code>||[[Prolog]] |- |<code>properties</code>||[[.properties|Properties file]] |- |<code>providex</code>||ProvideX |- |<code>purebasic</code>||[[PureBasic]] |- |<code>pycon</code>||[[Python (programming language)|Python]] |- |<code>pys60</code>||[[Python for S60|PyS60]] |- |<code>python</code>||[[Python (programming language)|Python]] |- |<code>q</code>||[[Pure (programming language)|Q]] |- |<code>qbasic</code>||[[QBasic]]–QuickBASIC |- |<code>ragel</code>||[[Ragel]] |- |<code>rails</code>||[[Ruby on Rails|Rails]] |- |<code>rebol</code>||[[Rebol]] |- |<code>reg</code>||[[Windows Registry]] |- |<code>rexx</code>||[[Rexx]] |- |<code>robots</code>||[[Robots exclusion standard|robots.txt]] |- |<code>rpg</code>||[[IBM RPG|RPG]] |- |<code>rpgii</code>||[[IBM RPG II|RPG II]] |- |<code>rpgiii</code>||[[IBM RPG III|RPG III]] |- |<code>rpg400</code>||[[IBM RPG|RPG/400]] |- |<code>rpgiv</code>||[[IBM RPG|RPG IV]] |- |<code>rpmspec</code>||[[RPM Package Manager|RPM Spec files]] |- |<code>rsplus</code>||[[R (programming language)|R]] |- |<code>ruby</code>||[[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]] |- |<code>sas</code>||[[SAS (software)|SAS]] |- |<code>scala</code>||[[Scala (programming language)|Scala]] |- |<code>scheme</code>||[[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]] |- |<code>scilab</code>||[[Scilab]] |- |<code>sdlbasic</code>||[[SdlBasic]] |- |<code>smalltalk</code>||[[Smalltalk]] |- |<code>smarty</code>||[[Smarty (template engine)|Smarty]] |- |<code>spark</code>||[[SPARK (programming language)|SPARK]] |- |<code>sparql</code>||[[SPARQL]] |- |<code>sql</code>||[[SQL]] |- |<code>stonescript</code>||StoneScript (scripting language for ShiVa3D) |- |<code>systemverilog</code>||[[SystemVerilog]] |- |<code>tcl</code>||[[Tcl (programming language)|Tcl]] |- |<code>teraterm</code>||[[Tera Term]] |- |<code>text</code>||[[Plain text]] |- |<code>thinbasic</code>||thinBasic |- |<code>tsql</code>||[[Transact-SQL]] |- |<code>typoscript</code>||[[TYPO3|TypoScript]] |- |<code>unicon</code>||[[Unicon (programming language)|Unicon]] |- |<code>upc</code>||[[Unified Parallel C]] |- |<code>urbi</code>||[[URBI]] |- |<code>uscript</code>||[[UnrealScript]] |- |<code>vala</code>||[[Vala (programming language)|Vala]] |- |<code>vb</code>||[[Visual Basic (classic)]] |- |<code>vbnet</code>||[[Visual Basic (.NET)]] |- |<code>vedit</code>||[[VEDIT]] |- |<code>verilog</code>||[[Verilog]] |- |<code>vhdl</code>||[[VHDL]] |- |<code>vim</code>||[[Vim script]] |- |<code>visualfoxpro</code>||[[Visual FoxPro]] |- |<code>visualprolog</code>||[[Visual Prolog]] |- |<code>whitespace</code>||[[Whitespace (programming language)|Whitespace]] |- |<code>whois</code>||[[Whois]] |- |<code>wikitext</code>||[[Help:Wikitext]] |- |<code>winbatch</code>||[[Winbatch]] |- |<code>xml</code>||[[XML]] |- |<code>xorg_conf</code>||[[Xorg.conf]] |- |<code>yaml</code>||[[YAML]] |- |<code>xpp</code>||[[Microsoft Dynamics AX]] |- |<code>z80</code>||[[Zilog Z80]] assembly |- |<code>zxbasic</code>||ZXBasic ([[Sinclair BASIC]] derivative) |} {{clear}} ==Examples== ===JavaScript example=== <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{syntaxhighlight|lang=javascript|code=const elem = document.getElementById("para"); elem.style.color = "green";}}</syntaxhighlight> {{syntaxhighlight|lang=javascript|code=const elem = document.getElementById("para"); elem.style.color = "green";}} ===Necessary unescaping of source code from another page=== {{demo|<nowiki>{{syntaxhighlight|{{#invoke:DecodeEncode|decode|s={{msgnw:Template:Engvar/doc/infobox demo}}}}|lang=wikitext}}</nowiki>}} ==TemplateData== {{templatedata header}} <templatedata> { "params": { "code": { "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The code that will be displayed", "required": true, "type": "content" }, "lang": { "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The language of the code", "type": "string", "default": "text", "suggested": true }, "border": { "description": "Set this to \"no\" to remove the border", "autovalue": "no" } }, "description": "Simple wrapper around the <syntaxhighlight> tag to show syntax-highlighted text. Unlike <syntaxhighlight>, text that does not fit on the screen will be wrapped. For inline mode, use {{code}} instead." } </templatedata> == Notes == * Sometimes, an error regarding [[mediawikiwiki:Strip marker|scriptmarker]]{{Clarify|reason=What's "scriptmarker"? The link points to "strip marker", so perhaps it's an eggcorn.|date=March 2026}} exposed may occur when using these templates. If you encounter this issue, please manually highlight your code using [[wikitext]]. ==See also== {{Semantic markup templates|show}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line --> [[Category:Text-specific formatting and function templates]] }}</includeonly> k5oteccx5jgt9xoda3eefpauzkgwq7f 121154 121153 2026-09-04T22:10:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Syntaxhighlight/doc]] 121153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Expensive}} {{tlr|syntaxhilight|syntax highlight}} {{tsh|sxhl|synhl|synhi}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> Simple wrapper around the {{xtag|syntaxhighlight}} tag to show [[Syntax highlighting|syntax-highlighted]] text. Unlike {{tag|syntaxhighlight|o}}, text that does not fit on the screen will be [[text wrap|wrapped]]. ==Usage== {{tlx|Syntaxhighlight|''code''|''lang''}} * ''code'' will become the contents of the syntax highlighted block. * ''lang'' is the language used for syntax highlighting. Use {{para|lang|wikitext}} for [[Help:wikitext|wikitext]] (wikimarkup). Other supported languages are [[#Supported languages|listed below]]. For inline mode, use {{tlx|code}} instead. (Despite the name, it generates {{tag|syntaxhighlight|o|attribs=inline}}, not {{tag|code|o}}.) The {{tag|syntaxhighlight|o}} tag used by this template is an [[WP:EXPENSIVE|expensive parser function call]], so, if it is used on a page with 500 or more 'expensive' parser functions, all subsequent instances of this template after the 500th expensive function use on that page will be rendered as {{tag|code|link=y}} blocks (without syntax highlighting). ==Supported languages== {{main|mw: Extension: SyntaxHighlight#Supported languages}} {{Incomplete list}} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="float:left" !Code||Language |- |<code>4cs</code>||4CS |- |<code>6502acme</code>||[[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] (6510) ACME Cross Assembler |- |<code>6502kickass</code>||[[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] (6510) Kick Assembler |- |<code>6502tasm</code>||[[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] (6510) TASM/64TASS |- |<code>68000devpac</code>||[[Motorola 68000]] HiSoft Devpac ST 2 assembly |- |<code>abap</code>||[[ABAP]] |- |<code>actionscript</code>||[[ActionScript]] |- |<code>actionscript3</code>||[[ActionScript]]3 |- |<code>ada</code>||[[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] |- |<code>algol68</code>||[[ALGOL 68]] |- |<code>apache</code>||[[Apache HTTP Server|Apache configuration]] |- |<code>applescript</code>||[[AppleScript]] |- |<code>apt_sources</code>||[[APT (software)|APT sources]] |- |<code>arm</code>||[[ARM architecture family|ARM]] assembly |- |<code>asm</code>||[[Assembly language|Assembly]] |- |<code>asp</code>||[[Active Server Pages]] (ASP) |- |<code>asymptote</code>||[[Asymptote (vector graphics language)|Asymptote]] |- |<code>autoconf</code>||[[Autoconf]] |- |<code>autohotkey</code>||[[AutoHotkey]] |- |<code>autoit</code>||[[AutoIt]] |- |<code>avisynth</code>||[[AviSynth]] |- |<code>awk</code>||[[AWK]] |- |<code>bascomavr</code>||BASCOM AVR |- |<code>bash</code>||[[Bash (Unix shell)|Bash]] |- |<code>basic4gl</code>||[[Basic4GL]] |- |<code>bf</code>||[[Brainfuck]] |- |<code>bibtex</code>||[[BibTeX]] |- |<code>blitzbasic</code>||[[Blitz BASIC]] |- |<code>bnf</code>||[[Backus–Naur form]] |- |<code>boo</code>||[[Boo (programming language)|Boo]] |- |<code>c</code>||[[C (programming language)|C]] |- |<code>c_loadrunner</code>||C Loadrunner |- |<code>c_mac</code>||C (Mac) |- |<code>caddcl</code>||AutoCAD [[Dialog Control Language]] (DCL) |- |<code>cadlisp</code>||[[AutoLISP]] |- |<code>cfdg</code>||CFDG |- |<code>cfm</code>||[[ColdFusion Markup Language]] |- |<code>chaiscript</code>||[[ChaiScript]] |- |<code>cil</code>||[[Common Intermediate Language]] (CIL) |- |<code>clojure</code>||[[Clojure]] |- |<code>clp</code>||[[Control Language]] Program |- |<code>cmake</code>||[[CMake]] |- |<code>cobol</code>||[[COBOL]] |- |<code>coffeescript</code>||[[CoffeeScript]] |- |<code>cpp</code>||[[C++]] |- |<code>cpp-qt</code>||[[Qt (software)|C++ (Qt toolkit)]] |- |<code>csharp</code>||[[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] |- |<code>css</code>||[[Cascading Style Sheets]] (CSS) |- |<code>cuesheet</code>||[[Cue sheet (computing)|Cue sheet]] |- |<code>d</code>||[[D (programming language)|D]] |- |<code>dcl</code>||[[DIGITAL Command Language]] |- |<code>dcpu16</code>||[[DCPU-16]] |- |<code>dcs</code>||Data Conversion System |- |<code>delphi</code>||[[Delphi (software)|Delphi]] |- |<code>diff</code>||[[Diff]] |- |<code>div</code>||DIV |- |<code>dos</code>||[[DOS batch file]] |- |<code>dot</code>||[[DOT (graph description language)|DOT]] |- |<code>e</code>||[[E (programming language)|E]] |- |<code>ecmascript</code>||[[ECMAScript]] |- |<code>eiffel</code>||[[Eiffel (programming language)|Eiffel]] |- |<code>email</code>||Email ([[mbox]] \ eml \ RFC format) |- |<code>epc</code>||Enerscript |- |<code>erlang</code>||[[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]] |- |<code>euphoria</code>||[[Euphoria (programming language)|Euphoria]] |- |<code>f1</code>||Formula One |- |<code>fo</code>||FO |- |<code>fortran</code>||[[Fortran]] |- |<code>freebasic</code>||[[FreeBASIC]] |- |<code>freeswitch</code>||[[FreeSWITCH]] |- |<code>fsharp</code>||[[Fsharp]] |- |<code>gambas</code>||[[Gambas]] |- |<code>gdb</code>||[[GDB]] |- |<code>genero</code>||Genero |- |<code>genie</code>||Genie |- |<code>gettext</code>||[[gettext]] |- |<code>glsl</code>||[[OpenGL Shading Language]] (GLSL) |- |<code>gml</code>||[[Game Maker Language]] (GML) |- |<code>gnuplot</code>||[[gnuplot]] |- |<code>go</code>||[[Go (programming language)|Go]] |- |<code>groovy</code>||[[Apache Groovy|Groovy]] |- |<code>gwbasic</code>||[[GW-BASIC]] |- |<code>haskell</code>||[[Haskell]] |- |<code>haxe</code>||[[Haxe]] |- |<code>hicest</code>||HicEst |- |<code>hq9plus</code>||HQ9+ |- |<code>html</code>||[[HTML]] |- |<code>icon</code>||[[Icon (programming language)|Icon]] |- |<code>idl</code>||[[Universal Network Objects|Uno IDL]] |- |<code>ini</code>||[[INI file|INI]] |- |<code>inno</code>||[[Inno Setup|Inno]] |- |<code>intercal</code>||[[INTERCAL]] |- |<code>io</code>||[[Io (programming language)|Io]] |- |<code>j</code>||[[J (programming language)|J]] |- |<code>java</code>||[[Java (programming language)|Java]] |- |<code>java5</code>||[[Java (programming language)|Java(TM) 2 Platform Standard Edition 5.0 ]] |- |<code>javascript</code>||[[JavaScript]] |- |<code>jcl</code>||[[Job Control Language]] |- |<code>kixtart</code>||[[KiXtart]] |- |<code>klonec</code>||Klone C |- |<code>klonecpp</code>||Klone C++ |- |<code>latex</code>||[[LaTeX]] |- |<code>lb</code>||[[Liberty BASIC]] |- |<code>ldif</code>||[[LDAP Data Interchange Format]] |- |<code>lisp</code>||[[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]] |- |<code>llvm</code>||[[LLVM]] |- |<code>locobasic</code>||[[Locomotive BASIC]] |- |<code>logtalk</code>||[[Logtalk]] |- |<code>lolcode</code>||[[LOLCODE]] |- |<code>lotusformulas</code>||[[Formula language]] |- |<code>lotusscript</code>||[[LotusScript]] |- |<code>lscript</code>||[[LScript|LightWave 3D]] |- |<code>lsl2</code>||[[Linden Scripting Language]] |- |<code>lua</code>||[[Lua]] |- |<code>magiksf</code>||[[Magik (programming language)|Magik]] |- |<code>m68k</code>||[[Motorola 68000]] assembly |- |<code>make</code>||[[Make (software)|make]] |- |<code>mapbasic</code>||[[MapBasic]] |- |<code>matlab</code>||[[MATLAB]] M |- |<code>mirc</code>||[[mIRC scripting language]] |- |<code>mmix</code>||[[MMIX]] |- |<code>modula2</code>||[[Modula-2]] |- |<code>modula3</code>||[[Modula-3]] |- |<code>mpasm</code>||[[PIC microcontrollers|Microchip assembly]] |- |<code>mxml</code>||MXML |- |<code>mysql</code>||[[MySQL]] |- |<code>nagios</code>||[[Nagios]] |- |<code>netrexx</code>||[[NetRexx]] |- |<code>newlisp</code>||[[NewLISP]] |- |<code>nsis</code>||[[Nullsoft Scriptable Install System]] (NSIS) |- |<code>oberon2</code>||[[Oberon-2]] |- |<code>objc</code>||[[Objective-C]] |- |<code>objeck</code>||Objeck |- |<code>ocaml</code>||[[OCaml]] |- |<code>ocaml-brief</code>||[[OCaml]] |- |<code>ocl</code>||[[Operational Control Language]] |- |<code>octave</code>||[[GNU Octave|Octave]] |- |<code>oobas</code>||[[OpenOffice Basic]] |- |<code>oorexx</code>||[[Object REXX]] |- |<code>oracle11</code>||[[PL/SQL|Oracle 11 SQL]] |- |<code>oracle8</code>||[[PL/SQL|Oracle 8 SQL]] |- |<code>oxygene</code>||[[Oxygene (programming language)|Oxygene]] |- |<code>oz</code>||[[Oz (programming language)|Oz]] |- |<code>parasail</code>||[[ParaSail (programming language)|ParaSail]] |- |<code>parigp</code>||[[PARI/GP]] |- |<code>pascal</code>||[[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]] |- |<code>pcre</code>||[[Perl Compatible Regular Expressions]] |- |<code>per</code>||per |- |<code>perl</code>||[[Perl]] |- |<code>perl6</code>||[[Raku (programming language)|Raku]] |- |<code>pf</code>||[[PF (firewall)|PF]] |- |<code>php</code>||[[PHP]] |- |<code>php-brief</code>||[[PHP]] |- |<code>pic16</code>||[[PIC microcontrollers|PIC]] assembly |- |<code>pike</code>||[[Pike (programming language)|Pike]] |- |<code>pixelbender</code>||[[Adobe Pixel Bender|Pixel Bender]] |- |<code>pli</code>||[[PL/I]] |- |<code>plsql</code>||[[PL/SQL]] |- |<code>postgresql</code>||[[PostgreSQL]] |- |<code>povray</code>||[[POV-Ray|Persistence of Vision Raytracer]] |- |<code>powerbuilder</code>||[[PowerBuilder]] |- |<code>powershell</code>||[[PowerShell]] |- |<code>proftpd</code>||[[ProFTPD]] |- |<code>progress</code>||[[OpenEdge Advanced Business Language]] |- |<code>prolog</code>||[[Prolog]] |- |<code>properties</code>||[[.properties|Properties file]] |- |<code>providex</code>||ProvideX |- |<code>purebasic</code>||[[PureBasic]] |- |<code>pycon</code>||[[Python (programming language)|Python]] |- |<code>pys60</code>||[[Python for S60|PyS60]] |- |<code>python</code>||[[Python (programming language)|Python]] |- |<code>q</code>||[[Pure (programming language)|Q]] |- |<code>qbasic</code>||[[QBasic]]–QuickBASIC |- |<code>ragel</code>||[[Ragel]] |- |<code>rails</code>||[[Ruby on Rails|Rails]] |- |<code>rebol</code>||[[Rebol]] |- |<code>reg</code>||[[Windows Registry]] |- |<code>rexx</code>||[[Rexx]] |- |<code>robots</code>||[[Robots exclusion standard|robots.txt]] |- |<code>rpg</code>||[[IBM RPG|RPG]] |- |<code>rpgii</code>||[[IBM RPG II|RPG II]] |- |<code>rpgiii</code>||[[IBM RPG III|RPG III]] |- |<code>rpg400</code>||[[IBM RPG|RPG/400]] |- |<code>rpgiv</code>||[[IBM RPG|RPG IV]] |- |<code>rpmspec</code>||[[RPM Package Manager|RPM Spec files]] |- |<code>rsplus</code>||[[R (programming language)|R]] |- |<code>ruby</code>||[[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]] |- |<code>sas</code>||[[SAS (software)|SAS]] |- |<code>scala</code>||[[Scala (programming language)|Scala]] |- |<code>scheme</code>||[[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]] |- |<code>scilab</code>||[[Scilab]] |- |<code>sdlbasic</code>||[[SdlBasic]] |- |<code>smalltalk</code>||[[Smalltalk]] |- |<code>smarty</code>||[[Smarty (template engine)|Smarty]] |- |<code>spark</code>||[[SPARK (programming language)|SPARK]] |- |<code>sparql</code>||[[SPARQL]] |- |<code>sql</code>||[[SQL]] |- |<code>stonescript</code>||StoneScript (scripting language for ShiVa3D) |- |<code>systemverilog</code>||[[SystemVerilog]] |- |<code>tcl</code>||[[Tcl (programming language)|Tcl]] |- |<code>teraterm</code>||[[Tera Term]] |- |<code>text</code>||[[Plain text]] |- |<code>thinbasic</code>||thinBasic |- |<code>tsql</code>||[[Transact-SQL]] |- |<code>typoscript</code>||[[TYPO3|TypoScript]] |- |<code>unicon</code>||[[Unicon (programming language)|Unicon]] |- |<code>upc</code>||[[Unified Parallel C]] |- |<code>urbi</code>||[[URBI]] |- |<code>uscript</code>||[[UnrealScript]] |- |<code>vala</code>||[[Vala (programming language)|Vala]] |- |<code>vb</code>||[[Visual Basic (classic)]] |- |<code>vbnet</code>||[[Visual Basic (.NET)]] |- |<code>vedit</code>||[[VEDIT]] |- |<code>verilog</code>||[[Verilog]] |- |<code>vhdl</code>||[[VHDL]] |- |<code>vim</code>||[[Vim script]] |- |<code>visualfoxpro</code>||[[Visual FoxPro]] |- |<code>visualprolog</code>||[[Visual Prolog]] |- |<code>whitespace</code>||[[Whitespace (programming language)|Whitespace]] |- |<code>whois</code>||[[Whois]] |- |<code>wikitext</code>||[[Help:Wikitext]] |- |<code>winbatch</code>||[[Winbatch]] |- |<code>xml</code>||[[XML]] |- |<code>xorg_conf</code>||[[Xorg.conf]] |- |<code>yaml</code>||[[YAML]] |- |<code>xpp</code>||[[Microsoft Dynamics AX]] |- |<code>z80</code>||[[Zilog Z80]] assembly |- |<code>zxbasic</code>||ZXBasic ([[Sinclair BASIC]] derivative) |} {{clear}} ==Examples== ===JavaScript example=== <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{syntaxhighlight|lang=javascript|code=const elem = document.getElementById("para"); elem.style.color = "green";}}</syntaxhighlight> {{syntaxhighlight|lang=javascript|code=const elem = document.getElementById("para"); elem.style.color = "green";}} ===Necessary unescaping of source code from another page=== {{demo|<nowiki>{{syntaxhighlight|{{#invoke:DecodeEncode|decode|s={{msgnw:Template:Engvar/doc/infobox demo}}}}|lang=wikitext}}</nowiki>}} ==TemplateData== {{templatedata header}} <templatedata> { "params": { "code": { "aliases": [ "1" ], "description": "The code that will be displayed", "required": true, "type": "content" }, "lang": { "aliases": [ "2" ], "description": "The language of the code", "type": "string", "default": "text", "suggested": true }, "border": { "description": "Set this to \"no\" to remove the border", "autovalue": "no" } }, "description": "Simple wrapper around the <syntaxhighlight> tag to show syntax-highlighted text. Unlike <syntaxhighlight>, text that does not fit on the screen will be wrapped. For inline mode, use {{code}} instead." } </templatedata> == Notes == * Sometimes, an error regarding [[mediawikiwiki:Strip marker|scriptmarker]]{{Clarify|reason=What's "scriptmarker"? The link points to "strip marker", so perhaps it's an eggcorn.|date=March 2026}} exposed may occur when using these templates. If you encounter this issue, please manually highlight your code using [[wikitext]]. ==See also== {{Semantic markup templates|show}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line --> [[Category:Text-specific formatting and function templates]] }}</includeonly> k5oteccx5jgt9xoda3eefpauzkgwq7f 10 44952 121219 107472 2024-07-12T09:05:20Z en>JWBTH 0 let users see what it actually prints by default 121219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:lorem ipsum|main}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 1u4bp7uwhc1wy1jszrzt9jlcqnr5zd7 121220 121219 2026-09-04T22:14:20Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Lorem_ipsum]] 121219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:lorem ipsum|main}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 1u4bp7uwhc1wy1jszrzt9jlcqnr5zd7 10 45246 121201 107872 2026-04-25T18:19:08Z en>Dissident93 0 unless there are issues I didn't see, the template now works in dark mode the same as using {{White}} and {{Red}} 121201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} __NOTOC__ <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> {{high-use}} {{Warning |'''Prose text intended for readers should never be manually colored.''' ([[MOS:PROSECOLOR]])}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Color/styles.css}} {{tl|color}} can be used to specify the foreground color of a span of text. Acceptable values are [[RGB color model|RGB]] hex codes, e.g. #C9E72A, or any of the [[web colors]]: red, blue, green, moccasin, darkorchid, etc. To set the background color of a span of text, use {{Template link|background color}}. == Usage == * {{Template link expanded|color|name of color or hex code of color|Text}} For example: * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|red|Hello, world!}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|#00F000|Hello, world!}} If the second parameter is omitted, the color value is displayed as text: * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|#00F000}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|red}} <div style="background-color:var(--background-color-base); color:var(--color-base); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base); padding:4px; margin:4px;">Using the [[wmdoc:codex/latest/design-tokens/color.html|Codex Design Style Guide for Wikimedia]] text colors: * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-success, #177860)|'''Success'''}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-error, #bf3c2c)|'''Error'''}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-content-added, #006400)|'''Content added'''}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-content-removed, #8b0000)|'''Content removed'''}}</div> == Redirects == * {{Template link general |COLOR|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general |Colored text|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general |Colour|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general|COLOUR|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general |Fgcolor|nolink=on|code=on}} == See also == * {{Template link|resize}} * {{Template link|colored link}} * {{Template link|background color}} * {{Template link|font color}} – allows setting both text and background color * {{Template link|coltit}} – colored table header cell * {{Template link|overcoloured}} – when color is used in a way that hides information from color-blind people == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "The color template can be used to add a span of text with any given text color", "params": { "1": { "label": "Color", "description": "CSS name of color or hex code of color, e.g. 'red' or '#00F000'.", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Text", "description": "The string of text to be formatted in the desired color", "type": "string", "suggested": true } } } </templatedata> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other| | <!-- CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE: --> [[Category:Text color templates| ]] }}</includeonly> 8g0gnthxc3ts37p55ssxcy6x3yrba7o 121202 121201 2026-09-04T22:13:17Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Color/doc]] 121201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} __NOTOC__ <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --> {{high-use}} {{Warning |'''Prose text intended for readers should never be manually colored.''' ([[MOS:PROSECOLOR]])}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Color/styles.css}} {{tl|color}} can be used to specify the foreground color of a span of text. Acceptable values are [[RGB color model|RGB]] hex codes, e.g. #C9E72A, or any of the [[web colors]]: red, blue, green, moccasin, darkorchid, etc. To set the background color of a span of text, use {{Template link|background color}}. == Usage == * {{Template link expanded|color|name of color or hex code of color|Text}} For example: * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|red|Hello, world!}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|#00F000|Hello, world!}} If the second parameter is omitted, the color value is displayed as text: * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|#00F000}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|red}} <div style="background-color:var(--background-color-base); color:var(--color-base); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base); padding:4px; margin:4px;">Using the [[wmdoc:codex/latest/design-tokens/color.html|Codex Design Style Guide for Wikimedia]] text colors: * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-success, #177860)|'''Success'''}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-error, #bf3c2c)|'''Error'''}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-content-added, #006400)|'''Content added'''}} * {{#invoke:demoTemplate|color|var(--color-content-removed, #8b0000)|'''Content removed'''}}</div> == Redirects == * {{Template link general |COLOR|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general |Colored text|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general |Colour|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general|COLOUR|nolink=on|code=on}} * {{Template link general |Fgcolor|nolink=on|code=on}} == See also == * {{Template link|resize}} * {{Template link|colored link}} * {{Template link|background color}} * {{Template link|font color}} – allows setting both text and background color * {{Template link|coltit}} – colored table header cell * {{Template link|overcoloured}} – when color is used in a way that hides information from color-blind people == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "The color template can be used to add a span of text with any given text color", "params": { "1": { "label": "Color", "description": "CSS name of color or hex code of color, e.g. 'red' or '#00F000'.", "type": "string", "required": true }, "2": { "label": "Text", "description": "The string of text to be formatted in the desired color", "type": "string", "suggested": true } } } </templatedata> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other| | <!-- CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE: --> [[Category:Text color templates| ]] }}</includeonly> 8g0gnthxc3ts37p55ssxcy6x3yrba7o 0 46107 121595 119607 2026-09-05T00:44:00Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|1|0 */ 121595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|British explorer and missionary to Africa (1813–1873)}} {{other people}} {{Use British English|date=September 2022}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}} {{Infobox person | name = David Livingstone | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FRGS|FRS}} | image = David Livingstone by Thomas Annan.jpg | caption = Livingstone in 1864 | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1813|3|19}} | birth_place = [[Blantyre, South Lanarkshire]], in Scotland | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1873|5|1|1813|3|19}}<ref name="BBC2014">{{cite web | title = David Livingstone (1813–1873) | work = BBC - History - Historic Figures | date = 2014 | access-date = 2018-07-12 | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/livingstone_david.shtml }}</ref> | death_place = [[Livingstone Memorial|Chief Chitambo's Village]], Kingdom of Kazembe {{awrap|(today [[Northern Province, Zambia]])}} | resting_place = [[Westminster Abbey]] | resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|51.499444|-0.1275}} | known_for = Proselytizing Christianity, exploration of Africa, and meeting with [[Henry Morton Stanley|Henry Stanley]] | spouse = {{marriage|[[Mary Moffat Livingstone|Mary Moffat]]|January 1845|27 April 1862|end=d}} | children = 6 }} '''David Livingstone''' (19 Malichi 1813 - 4 Meyi 1873) wakaŵa dokotala wa ku Scotland<ref name=":0" />, Congregationalist, mupayiniya wa mishonale wachikhristu na London Missionary Society<ref name=":0" />, na explorer ku Africa, uyo wakakhumbanga kuti waleke wuzga; yumoza wa ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa chomene ŵa ku Britain mu nyengo ya Victorian ya 19th century. David wakaŵa mfumu wa Mary Moffat Livingstone, uyo wakafuma mu mbumba yakumanyikwa ya ŵamishonale ya mu virimika vya m'ma 1700, Moffat.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Bayly |first=Paul |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/853507173 |title=David Livingstone, Africa's greatest explorer : the man, the missionary and the myth |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-78155-333-6 |location=Stroud |pages=50 |oclc=853507173}}</ref> Livingstone wakaŵa munthu wavinjeru uyo wakacitanga vinthu vinandi vyakupambanapambana. Wakaŵa mishonale wa Chiprotesitanti uyo wakajipeleka kuti waŵe musambiri, munthu uyo wakajipeleka kuti waŵe musambazi, wasayansi, wakwendakwenda, wakunozga vinthu, wakususka wuzga, na wakukhozgera kuti Britain yisandenge malonda ghake na kukhazikiska maufumu ghanyake.<ref name="Easton2017">{{cite web | title = Why don't many British tourists visit Victoria Falls? | last = Easton | first = Mark | work = BBC News | date = 3 September 2017 | access-date = 2018-07-12 | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-41083374 }}</ref> Livingstone wakamanyikwanga kuti ni munthu uyo wakakhumbanga kumanya uko kukufuma maji gha mu Mlonga wa Nile, ndipo wakagomezganga kuti usange wangawuskapo cisisi ici, wamanyikwenge kuti wacitengepo kanthu kuti walekeske malonda gha ŵazga mu caru ca East Africa. Wakaphalira mubwezi wake kuti: "Maji gha mu Nile ghali na candulo cifukwa ca kunovwira kuti niŵe na nkhongono pakati pa ŵanthu. Nkhongono iyi [ndiyo] nkhugomezga kuti yizamumazga suzgo likuru".{{sfn | Jeal | 2013 | p=289}} Wakamba kupenja malo ghakupambanapambana gha ku Central Africa, ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Europe]] ŵasange malo ghakupambanapambana mu Africa. Pa nyengo yeneyiyo pera, maulendo ghake gha umishonale, "kuzgeŵa", na nyifwa yake mu Africa, ndiposo kuzunurika kwake nga ni munthu wakuzirwa mu 1874 vikapangiska kuti paŵe maubwezi ghanandi gha Ŵakhristu ŵa ku Central Africa.<ref name="Mackenzie1990">{{cite book|last=Mackenzie|first=John M. |editor1-first=Graham |editor1-last=Walker|editor2-first=Tom |editor2-last=Gallagher|title=Sermons and battle hymns: Protestant popular culture in modern Scotland|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpZnAAAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-0217-9|chapter=David Livingstone: The Construction of the Myth}}</ref> == Umoyo wake == [[File:Birthplace of david livingstone.jpg|thumb|Livingstone's birthplace in [[Blantyre]], [[South Lanarkshire]], Scotland]] [[File:David Livingstones birthplace (geograph 4530192).jpg|thumb|David Livingstone's birthplace, with period furnishings]] Livingstone wakababika pa 19 March 1813 mu tawuni ya Blantyre, Scotland, mu nyumba ya ŵantchito ŵa fakitare ya thonje pa m'mphepete mwa Mlonga wa Clyde pasi pa mlatho uwo ukujumpha mu Bothwell.<ref name="nts.org.uk">{{cite web |url=https://www.nts.org.uk/Property/23/ |title=David Livingstone Centre: Birthplace Of Famous Scot |access-date=12 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212012712/https://www.nts.org.uk/Property/23/ |archive-date=12 February 2007 |url-status=bot: unknown |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Wakaŵa mwana waciŵiri pa ŵana ŵankhondi na ŵaŵiri ŵa Neil Livingstone (1788 ⁇ 1856) na muwoli wake Agnes (née Hunter; 1782- 1865). Apo Davide wakaŵa na vilimika khumi, wakamba kugwira nchito pa fakitare ya Henry Monteith & Co. ku Blantyre Works. Iyo na mudumbu wake John, ŵakagwiranga nchito ya maora 12 pa zuŵa, ŵakakakiliranga visulo vya thonje pa makina ghakusonera. Neil Livingstone wakaŵa msambizgi wa Sande sukulu ndipo wakakananga kumwa moŵa, ndipo wakagaŵiranga mathirakiti gha Cikhristu paulendo wake wa kuguliska tiyi nyumba na nyumba. Wakaŵazga comene mabuku ghakukhwaskana na cisopo, vyamwendakwenda, na mauteŵeti gha umishonale. Ivi vikamovwira kuti waŵe munthu wakutemwa kuŵazga, kweniso kuti wasangenge [[vinyama]], vyakumera, na vinthu vinyake mu migodi ya malibwe. Neil wakafipanga mtima kuti mabuku gha sayansi ghangatimbanizga Cikristu ndipo wakayezga kucicizga mwana wake kuti waŵazgenge vya cisopo pera, kweni David wakatemwanga comene vinthu vya cilengiwa na sayansi, ndipo ici cikamupangiska kuti wasande umo cisopa na sayansi vikukolerana.{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | p=6}} Mu 1832, wakaŵazga buku la Thomas Dick lakuti Philosophy of a Future State, ndipo wakasanga fundo izo zikamovwira kuti wagwirizaniske cisopa na sayansi. Padera pa Baibolo, buku ili ndilo likamovwira comene pa nkhani ya vinjeru.<ref name="Blaikie1880">{{cite book|last=Blaikie|first=William Garden|author-link=William Garden Blaikie |title=The Personal Life of David Livingstone... Chiefly from His Unpublished Journals and Correspondence in the Possession of His Family|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13262|year=1880|publisher=John Murray|location=London|via=[[Project Gutenberg]]}}</ref> Ŵanyake awo ŵakamovwira comene apo wakaŵa mwana ŵakaŵa Thomas Burke, mupharazgi wa mu Blantyre, na David Hogg, msambizgi wake wa Sunday school. Apo wakaŵa na virimika 15, David wakafumamo mu Church of Scotland na kuluta ku mpingo wa Congregational, ndipo wakapusikika na ŵapharazgi nga ni Ralph Wardlaw, awo ŵakakananga kuti munthu wangapona cifukwa ca kugomezga kuti vinthu vyose vili kulembekerathu. Pakuti Livingstone wakasambizgika visambizgo vya ŵanthu ŵa ku United States, wakazomera fundo iyo Charles Finney, uyo ni Pulofesa wa vya cisopa pa Oberlin College, ku [[Ohio]], wakayowoya yakuti "mzimu utuŵa ukupelekeka kwa wose awo ŵakuwulomba". Kwa Livingstone, ici cikang'anamuranga kuti walekerethu kopa kuti wazamuparanyika kwamuyirayira. Livingstone wakati waŵazga buku la Karl Gützlaff, ilo likayowoyanga za visopa vya ku Britain na America, wakaciska adada ŵake kuti ŵasambire vya udokotala kuti ŵasange nchito ya kusopa. Ivyo vikacitikira Livingstone ku H. Mulimo wa ku Blantyre uwo Monteith wakacitanga, ukaŵawovwiranga chomene ŵana awo ŵakaŵa na vyaka vyapakati pa 10 na 26. Mulimo uwu ukaŵa wakukhumbikwa kuti wovwire mbumba yake iyo yikaŵa yambura ndalama zinandi, kweni ukamusambizga kuti waŵe wakuzizipizga, ndiposo kuti waŵenge walusungu na wose awo ŵakugwira nchito, nga ni umo wakalongolera mu mazgu agho wakacemerezganga mu sumu ya Robert Burns yakuti: "When man to man, the world o'er/Shall brothers be for a' that".{{efn|This sentiment today would be expressed along the lines of: "all people, worldwide, are brothers and sisters, despite everything."<ref name="Blaikie1880" />}} ==Masambilo== Livingstone wakasambiranga pa sukulu ya mu muzi wa Blantyre, pamoza na ŵana ŵanyake awo ŵakagwiranga nchito ya ku fakitare nangauli ŵakagwiranga nchito maora 14 pa zuŵa (6 koloko mulenji mpaka 8 koloko mise). Cifukwa cakuti wakaŵa na mbumba iyo yikalimbikiranga comene kusambira, wakasambira vinandi. Apo wakaŵa na vilimika 21, wakakondwa comene na kapepara ako adada ŵake ŵakapokera kufuma ku chalichi ako kakayowoyanga ivyo Gützlaff wakacema ŵamishonale kuti ŵalute ku China, ndipo kakayowoyanga kuti ŵamishonale ŵakwenera kusambizgika kuŵa ŵadokotala. Awiske ŵakamukhorweska, ndipo nga umo ŵakacitiranga ŵana ŵanyake ku Scotland, Livingstone wakeneranga kusanga vyakukhumbikwa pa umoyo wake, na kuzomerezgana na ŵalaŵiliri ŵa fakitare, ndipo wakeneranga kugwira nchito yake yakale kufuma pa Isitara m'paka Okutobala. Mu 1836, wakasambira ku Anderson's University, ku Glasgow, ndipo wakasambiranga vyaumoyo na chemistry. Kweniso wakasambiranga vya cisopa na Richard Wardlaw, uyo wakalimbananga na wuzga.{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=9–12}}<ref name="education">{{cite web |first1=Christopher |last1= Lawrence| editor-last =Wisnicki | editor-first =Adrian S. | editor-last2 =Ward | editor-first2 = Megan | title=Livingstone's Medical Education | website=Livingstone Online | url=https://livingstoneonline.org/life-and-times/livingstones-medical-education |year= 2015 | access-date=15 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="UnivGlas">{{cite web | title = The University of Glasgow Story : David Livingstone | work = University of Glasgow | date = n.d. | access-date = 2018-07-12 | url = https://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH0220&type=P }}</ref> Kuti wanjire sukulu ya udokotala, wakakhumbikwiranga kumanya Cilatini, ndipo wakasambizgikanga na Daniel Gallagher (uyo pamasinda wakaŵa wasembe, ndipo wakambiska chalichi la St. Simon's, ku Partick). Livingstone wakalimbikiranga comene nchito, wakasambira comene vya sayansi na vya cipatala, ndipo wakasanga ŵabwezi ŵanandi, kusazgapo Andrew Buchanan na James Young.<ref name="education" />{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=13–14}} Pa nyengo iyo, gulu la London Missionary Society (LMS) ndilo likaŵa likuru comene pa gulu la ŵamishonale mu caru ici. Mu Okutobala 1837 wakalembeska ku LMS, ndipo mu Janyuwale ŵakamutumira mafumbo agho wakazgora. Wakazgoreka yayi m'paka apo wakacemekera ku maungano ghaŵiri mu Ogasiti 1838. Pamanyuma pake wakapokelereka nga ni mulondezgi, ndipo wakapika masambiro ghakwambilira ku Ongar, Essex, nga ni umo ŵakambira masambiro kuti waŵe muteŵeti mu mpingo wa Congregational Union wakutumikira mu LMS, m'malo mwa masambiro ghakwambilira gha mishonale. Ku Ongar, iyo na ŵasambiri ŵanyake 6 ŵakasambiranga Cigiriki, Cilatini, Cihebere, na vya cisopa kwa Reverend Richard Cecil, uyo mu Janyuwale 1839 wakawona kuti nangauli Livingstone wakaŵa "wakujikuzga" kweniso "wakusuzga", kweni wakaŵa na "maghanoghano ghawemi, wakukhazikika, wakutemwa kusesa, kweniso wakaŵa na nkharo yiwemi. Pakati pajumpha mwezi umoza, wakalutilira kughanaghana kuti Livingstone "wakaŵa wakunozgeka yayi" kuti wasambire vya cisopa ku Cheshunt College, ndipo wakaŵa "wakwenelera kweni wakaŵa kuti walije mahara". Mu Juni 1839 ŵalongozgi ŵa LMS ŵakazomera Livingstone, ndipo ŵakazomera pempho lake lakuti walutilire kusambira na Cecil ku Ongar mpaka kuumaliro wa cilimika, ndipo pamanyuma pake LMS yikamovwira kuti wasambire vya udokotala ku London. Kuti wasambire vya chipatala, wakalutizga masambiro ghake ku Charing Cross Hospital Medical School. Pa 16 November 1840 wakaba Licentiate of the Faculty (now Royal College) of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow (mu 1857 wakaba Honorary Fellow of the Faculty). Pa Novembala 20, 1840, Livingstone wakimikika kuŵa muteŵeti wa mpingo, pamoza na William Ross, uyo nayo wakaŵa mishonale ku South Africa, mu mpingo wa Albion Chapel, ku Finsbury. Cecil na J. J. Freeman.<ref name="Albion Chapel">{{cite book | title=The Evangelical Magazine and Missionary Chronicle | issue=v. 19 | year=1841 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4eI6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA50 | access-date=15 March 2022 | page=50}}</ref> ==Vision for Africa== [[File: Dance of Landeens.jpg|thumb|[[Zulu people|Zulu]] dance, at [[Chupanga|Shupanga]] on the [[Zambesi]] to collect tribute from Portuguese merchants.]] Nangauli Livingstone wakazomera pempho la Gützlaff lakuti ŵamishonale ŵapharazgike ku China, kweni cifukwa cakuti Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Opiyamu yikaŵa pafupi, ŵalara ŵa LMS ŵakaghanaghana kuti ŵaleke kutuma ŵanthu ku China. Wakati wapempha kuti wakakhaleko nyengo yitali ku Ongar, Cecil wakamuphalira kuti ŵakukhumba kuti iyo wagwirenge nchito ku West Indies "m'malo mwa ku South Africa". Pa Julayi 2, 1839, wakalembera kalata ŵalara ŵa LMS kuti ku West Indies kukaŵa ŵadokotala ŵanandi, ndipo nyengo zose wakakhumbanga kuluta ku vigaŵa vinyake vya pa charu chapasi m'malo mwa kukakhala ku malo ghakupambanapambana. Wati wazomerezgana na gulu la LMS, wakalutilira kusambira vya cisopa na Cecil mpaka kuumaliro wa cilimika ici, ndipo pamasinda wakambiraso masambiro gha udokotala. Mu Janyuwale 1840, wakati wamba masambiro ghake, wakawelera ku sukulu ya Mrs. Nyumba iyo Sewell wakakhalanga apo wakaŵa mishonale ku Aldersgate.<ref name="education" />{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=19–20}} Ŵanji awo ŵakakhalanga ku malo agha nyengo na nyengo ŵakizanga kucezga na mishonale Robert Moffat, uyo panyengo iyo wakaŵa ku England na mbumba yake kuti waŵapharazgire vya mulimo wa LMS ku Kuruman, South Africa. Livingstone wakamufumba kanandi waka vya Africa, ndipo nga umo Moffat wakalongosolera pamanyuma, wakati: "Nyengo na nyengo wakanifumbanga usange ine nkhugomezga kuti wangawovwira ku Africa. Nkhamuphalira kuti ine nkhugomezga kuti wangacita nthena, usange wangaluta ku malo ghakale yayi, kweni ku malo ghambura ŵanthu, chomenechomene ku mapiri ghakumpoto, uko nyengo zinyake nkhawonanga josi la mizi yikuruyikuru, uko kulije mishonale uyo wali kufikapo". Iyo wakakondwa na umo Moffat wakawoneranga mulimo wa umishonale kumpoto kwa Bechuanaland, kweniso nkhani ya Chikhristu na malonda. John Philip, uyo wakaŵa mishonale wa LMS, wakati wadumbiskana na Fowell Buxton, uyo wakakhumbanga kuti boma lilekerethu mulimo wa kupharazga, wakalemba buku la Researches in South Africa mu 1828. Fundo iyi yikakhozgeka na Livingstone apo wakaluta ku ungano uwo ukacitikira ku Exeter Hall pa Juni 1, 1840. Pa ungano uwu, Buxton wakalongosora mwakukhorweska kuti malonda gha ŵazga ku Africa ghamalenge usange ŵalongozgi ŵa mafuko, m'malo mwa kuguliska ŵazga, ŵangasanga vinthu vyakukhumbikwa ku Europe kwizira mu "malonda ghaunenesko".<ref name="Vetch1893">{{cite DNB|wstitle=Livingstone, David|first=Robert Hamilton|last=Vetch|authorlink=Robert Hamilton Vetch|p=385|volume=33}}</ref>{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=24–25}} ===Mission stations=== Livingstone wakafumako ku London pa Novembala 17, 1840, ndipo wakaluta ku Cape of Good Hope, pamoza na ŵamishonale ŵanyake ŵaŵiri ŵa LMS: Ross, uyo wakasankhika pa uteŵeti umoza na iyo, na muwoli wake. Pa ulendo utali uwu, wakasambira ciyowoyero ca Cidachi na Citswana, ndipo kapiteni wakamusambizga comene umo ŵangendeskera sitima. Mu Rio de Janeiro, mwakupambana na maboti ghanyake ghaŵiri, iyo wakafika pa mtunda ndipo wakakondwa na tchalitchi na malo agho ghakaŵa ku mtunda, kweni wakakondwa yayi na uloŵevu wa ŵantchito ŵa sitima ŵa ku Britain na ŵa ku America, ntheura wakaŵagaŵira mathirakiti mu malo ghakunjilira moŵa. Pa 15 March 1841, ngaraŵa yikafika ku Simon's Bay, ndipo kwa mwezi umoza, ŵanthu ŵatatu aŵa ŵakakhala mu msumba wa Cape Town pamoza na mfumu na muwoli wa Philip. Nga ni mulongozgi wa LMS, Philip wakalutilira na ndondomeko yawo yakuti ŵanthu wose ŵakaŵa ŵakuyana pamaso pa Chiuta na dango, ivyo vikapangiska kuti ŵaŵe na mphindano na ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Boers, na awo ŵakakhalanga ku Britain. Ŵamishonale ŵakakolerana nayo yayi nkhani iyi, kweniso ŵakakolerana yayi na fundo yakuti wakakhumbanga kuti ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Griqua ndiwo ŵapharazgenge. Ŵanyake, nga ni Moffatt, ŵakakhumbanga kuti ŵapharazgenge mu vigaŵa vinyake. Pakaŵaso mphindano pakati pa ŵamishonale awo ŵakagwiranga nchito za mawoko, na ŵamishonale awo ŵakaŵikika kuŵa ŵalaŵiliri.{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=25, 33–36, 37–40}} Ngalaŵa iyi yikaluta na Livingstone na mbumba yake ku Algoa Bay, ndipo kufuma pa 19 Meyi mpaka pa 31 Julayi ŵakenda pa ngolo ya ng'ombe kuluta ku Kuruman Mission. Mbumba ya Moffat yikaŵa kuti yindawelere kufuma ku Britain, ndipo iyo wakajiŵikamo comene mu umoyo wa Ŵatswana. Kufuma mu Seputembala mpaka kuumaliro wa Disembala, wakenda mtunda wa makilomita 1,210 na mishonale Roger Edwards, uyo wakaŵa ku Kuruman kwambira mu 1830. Ŵakacezgera na kudumbiskana malo ghakucemeka Mabotsa, Botswana, kufupi na Zeerust, North West Province, South Africa. Mu 1842, Livingstone wakaluta ku Africa na ŵanyake ŵaŵiri, Paul na Mebalwe, awo ŵakaŵa ŵamishonale. Mu Juni 1843, Edwards wakazomelezgeka na LMS kuti wakhazikiske malo gha mishoni pamoza na muwoli wake ku Mabotsa. Livingstone wakasamukira ku malo agha na kukolerana nawo, ndipo wakaŵawovwira pa mulimo wa kuzenga. Wakalembera kalata Arthur Tidman, uyo wakaŵa mulembi wa LMS, kuti waŵenge wakukondwa kucemeka Mabotsa kuti "ntchigaŵa ca nchito yane", kweni waŵenge wakunozgeka "kuya kulikose, kweni kunthazi pera". Mu Janyuwale 1844, mbumba ya Moffat yikati yafika ku Mlonga wa Vaal pamoza na mbumba zinyake ziŵiri za ŵamishonale, Livingstone wakaluta kukakumana nawo, ndipo wakakhala mu ngolo ya Moffat na kuyowoya na Robert kwa maora ghanandi mu ulendo wa mazuŵa 17 panji 18 wa ku Kuruman. Aka kakaŵa kakwamba kuti wakumane na mwana wawo Mary, uyo wakababikira na kukulira ku Africa.{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=44–46, 49}}[[File:David Livingstone attacked by a lion in Africa. Lithograph. Wellcome V0018847.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Deacon Mebalwe shooting, distracting the lion which had overpowered Livingstone.]] [[File:Livingstone and the Lion.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Livingstone Memorial Sculpture in [[Blantyre, South Lanarkshire|Blantyre]], Scotland]] Pa 16 February, Mebalwe na Livingstone ŵakamba kuvikilira mberere zawo. Livingstone wakawona nkharamu yikuru, kweni apo iyo wakayeghanga katundu, nkharamu iyi yikamuwukira, yikamudinya woko lake lamazere, ndipo yikamugwaza pasi. Mebalwe wakaponoska umoyo wa nkhalamu apo wakayizguzga kuti yikome nkharamu. Nayo wakuluma. Mwanalume munyake uyo wakayezga kumugwaza na mkondo wakalasika pambere wandafwe. Nangauli Livingstone wakaphwanya chiwangwa, kweni iyo na Edwards ŵakakhozga ubwezi wawo. Wakaluta ku Kuruman kuti wakachizgike, ndipo mwana wa Moffat, zina lake Mary, ndiyo wakamupweleleranga. Woko lake likachizgika, ndipo likamba kumuwuska na futi, nangauli likalutilira kumusuzga umoyo wake wose, ndipo wakatondekanga kuwuska woko lake kujumpha pa chiŵegha. Livingstone na Mary ŵakatorana pa Janyuwale 9, 1845. Livingstone wakeneranga kuleka uteŵeti wake wakwamba wa umishonale ku Mabotsa mu caru ca Botswana mu 1845 cifukwa ca mphindano izo zikaŵapo pakati pa iyo na Rogers Edwards, uyo nayo wakaŵa mishonale, ndiposo cifukwa cakuti ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bakgatla ŵakaleka kupulikira makani ghawemi. Mu 1847, wakaleka uteŵeti wake wa ku Chonuane cifukwa ca njara, kweniso cifukwa cakuti ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Boer ŵakaŵa pafupi, ndipo wakakhumbanga "kusamukira ku vigaŵa vinyake". Ku Kolobeng Mission, Livingstone wakang'anamura maghanoghano gha mulongozgi Sechele mu 1849 pamanyuma pa vilimika viŵiri vya kulimbikira kumunyengelera. Pakati pajumpha myezi yichoko waka, Sechele wakafwa.<ref name="Livingstone1960">{{cite book|last=Livingstone|first=David |editor=Isaac Schapera|title=Livingstone's private journals, 1851–1853|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZgQrAAAAIAAJ|year=1960|publisher=University of California Press|page=304}}</ref> ==Exploration of southern and central Africa== [[File:Map livingstone travels africa.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|The journeys of Livingstone in Africa between 1851 and 1873]] Livingstone na William Cotton Oswell ŵakaluta kutali kumpoto kwa Kolobeng kuti ŵasambire ciyowoyero ca Tswana na kusanga malo ghakukhala ŵamishonale. Mu 1849 ŵakambuka mapopa gha Kalahari na kufika pa Nyanja ya Ngami. Mu 1850, Royal Geographical Society yikamuwonga ndipo yikamupa wachi wa chronometer chifukwa cha ulendo wake wa ku nyanja yikuru ya Ngami. Wakapulika za mlonga uwo ukwenera kuti ukaŵa "msewu ukuru" uwo ukafikanga ku nyanja, ndipo mu Ogasiti 1851 ŵakafika ku Zambezi, uko wakagomezganga kuti kukaŵa "kiyi wakunjilira mu vyaru vya mukati". Mu 1852, wakati watuma mbumba yake ku Britain, Livingstone wakaluta kumpoto ku muzi wa Linyanti pa mlonga wa Zambezi, uwo ukaŵa pakati pa mphepete ya kumafumiro na kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Africa. Ŵakafika mu msumba wa Luanda ku [[Portugal]] mu Meyi 1854 pamanyuma pa masuzgo ghanandi na nyifwa iyo yikaŵa pafupi kucitika ya Livingstone. Livingstone wakamanya kuti ulendo uwu ukaŵa wakusuzga comene ku ŵamalonda ŵa munthazi, ntheura wakawelera ku Linyanti. Pamanyuma pake, pamoza na ŵanalume 114 ŵa fuko la Kololo, awo ŵakagwiranga nchito na mulongozgi uyu, ŵakanyamuka kuya ku Zambezi. Pa ulendo uwu, wakaŵa munthu wakwamba ku Europe kuwona maji ghakututuka gha Mosi-oa-Tunya, agho wakathya zina lakuti Victoria Falls, mu zina la Fumukazi Victoria. Paumaliro wakafika ku Quelimane pa Nyanja ya India, ndipo wakapanga mapu gha nthowa ya mu mlonga wa Zambezi.{{sfn | Jeal | 2013 | pp=126, 147–8}}<ref name="Life & Expeditions" /> Pa cifukwa ici, Livingstone wakaŵa munthu wakwamba wa ku Europe kujumpha mu caru ca Africa pa mtunda uwu, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakamulumba kuti "wakajura" caru ca Africa, kweni pakaŵa kale nthowa zinandi za malonda. Ŵamalonda ŵa ku Portugal ŵakanjira mu caru ca Africa kufuma ku vigaŵa vyose viŵiri, mu 1853 na 1854 ŵamalonda ŵaŵiri ŵa ku Arabia ŵakambukira ku Zanzibar kuluta ku Benguela, ndipo ca m'ma 1800 ŵamalonda ŵa ku Angola ŵakambukira ku [[Mozambique]].{{sfn|Jeal|1973b|p=159}} [[File:Preaching from a Waggon (David Livingstone) by The London Missionary Society.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Livingstone preaching the gospel to unconverted Africans. Like other missionaries of the era he had a low success rate and is credited with a single conversion.{{sfn|Jeal|1973b}}]] Livingstone wakakhumbanga kuti ku Central Africa kuŵe malonda na visopa, kweni wakakhumbanga kuti ŵazga ŵa ku Africa ŵaleke kugwiliskirika nchito na Ŵaphwitikizi ŵa ku Tete na Ŵaarabu ŵa ku Kilwa. Mazgu ghake agho ghakalembeka pa chikhwangwani chake ku Victoria Falls ghakaŵa "Chikhristu, Malonda na Civilization", ndipo wakagomezganga kuti ghazamuzgora malonda gha ŵazga na kupeleka ntchindi ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe. Wakagomezganga kuti nthowa yakufiskira vilato ivi yikaŵa yakuti Mlonga wa Zambezi uŵe nthowa yikuru yakwendeskera malonda gha Ŵakhristu mu vyaru vya mukati.<ref name="Holmes1996">{{cite book|last=Holmes|first=Tim |title=Spectrum Guide to Zambia|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlUwAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Struik|isbn=978-1-86872-012-5|chapter=The History}}</ref> ===Author and campaigner=== Wakawelera ku Britain mu Disembala 1856. Mu 1855, wupu wa Royal Geographical Society ukamupa nkhombo ya Patron's Medal cifukwa ca ivyo wakacita ku Africa. Wati wacicizgika na wupu wa London Missionary Society, wakalemba buku lake lakucemeka kuti Missionary Travels, ilo mu 1857 likalembeka na John Murray. Buku ili likaŵa la malonda comene. Buku ili likaŵa na nkhani za sayansi, ndipo likalongosoranga makora vya ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa. Wakayowoya kuti mauteŵeti gha umishonale na "malonda gha pamtunda" pa mlonga wa pakati pa Africa vizamumazga malonda gha ŵazga.<ref name="Life & Expeditions">{{cite web |first1=Adrian S. |last1=Wisnicki |first2= Megan |last2=Ward | title=Livingstone's Life & Expeditions | website=Livingstone Online | url=https://livingstoneonline.org/life-and-times/livingstone-s-life-expeditions |year=2015| access-date=28 September 2021}}</ref>{{sfn | Livingstone | 1857 | pp=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33342/page/n122 92], [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33342/page/n740 679–680, 683]}} [[File:Gang of Captives at Mbame’s.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Slave traders and their captives bound in chains and collared with 'taming sticks'. From Livingstone's ''Narrative'']] Livingstone wakakhozgeka comene na umo ŵanthu ŵa ku Britain ŵakacitira na ivyo wakasanga, kweniso ŵakamovwira kuti wacitenge maulendo ghanyake. Wakayowoya kuti wakambenge kupenjerezga malo ghanyake, kuti wasange nthowa za malonda izo wakagomezganga kuti zingatora malo gha malonda gha ŵazga, m'malo mwa kupenja nthowa za umishonale. Wupu wa London Missionary Society (LMS) ukati wamanya ivyo wakakhumbanga kucita, ukamutumira kalata, iyo Livingstone wakapokera ku Quelimane, na kumuwonga cifukwa ca ulendo wake, kweni ukati ŵalongozgi ŵa wupu uwu "ŵakakanizgika kovwira kuti mulimo wa kupharazga makani ghawemi ufike patali". Wakakana kuti ŵambe kuzenga misasa yinyake kumpoto kwa Zambezi, ndipo wakakhumbanga kuti Zambezi yiŵe nthowa yakwendeskera malonda mu vyaru vinyake, kweni wakakhumba yayi kuleka LMS nyengo yeneyiyo. Apo Roderick Murchison, pulezidenti wa Royal Geographical Society, wakadumbiskana nayo na nduna ya vya caru, Livingstone wakayowoyapo cilicose yayi ku ŵalongozgi ŵa LMS, nanga ni apo cikawonekanga kuti boma ndilo lizamugwiliskira nchito ndalama pakwendeska ulendo wa ku Zambezi. Wakaphalira mubwezi wake kuti: "Nindamanye vinandi vyakukhwaskana na Boma, kweni nkhumanya vinandi vyakukhwaskana na Sosaite (LMS)". Mu 1857, Livingstone wakafumapo pa gulu la London Missionary Society, ndipo mu Meyi wa cilimika ici, wakimikika kuŵa mulara wa boma la ku Mozambique. Mu Febuluwale 1858, boma likati malo agho wakenera kulamulira ni "mafumiro gha dazi kwa Africa na vigaŵa vya mukati mwa Africa". Apo wakadumbiskananga na boma kuti waŵe Konsolo, ŵa LMS ŵakaghanaghananga kuti wawelerenge ku Africa na ulendo wawo wa ku Kololo ku Barotseland, uko Livingstone wakawovwira. Paumaliro, mishonale yumoza, muwoli wake, muwoli wa mishonale munyake, na ŵana ŵake ŵatatu ŵakafwa na maleriya. Livingstone wakakumana na viyezgo vinandi pa ulendo wake wakwamba, kweni wakapulikiska yayi masuzgo agho wakakumana nagho, ndipo wakajumphizga kughanaghanira za caru ico ŵakasangako, ntheura ŵamishonale aŵa ŵakaluta ku malo gha mathipa uku ŵakaŵa na cakurya cambura kukwana ca quinine. Munthu munyake wakulemba mbiri ya ŵanthu zina lake Tim Jeal, wakawona kuti nkhani iyi yikulongora kuti Livingstone wakatondeka kucita makora vinthu vinyake, ndipo wakalongora kuti nyengo zose wakaŵikanga vilato vyake na ntchito yake pakwamba kuluska umoyo wa ŵanthu ŵanyake. Pa nyengo iyi Livingstone wakaŵa munthu wakumanyikwa comene, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga kuti wayowoyenge nkhani pa wumba, ndipo wakasankhika kuŵa mu Royal Society. Wakapokera ndalama zinandi ku boma kuti wawovwire pa ulendo wake wakulondezgapo. Kweniso boma likamupa ndalama zakukwana £5,000 kuti wawone umo ŵamalonda ŵa ku Britain ŵangagwilira nchito pa Mlonga wa Zambezi.<ref name="Life & Expeditions" /> ===Zambezi expedition===<!-- This section is linked from [[Zambezi]] --> Mu Disembala 1857, ofesi ya munthavi yikanozga kuti yilute na gulu likuru. Mu Janyuwale 1858 wakazomera kulongozga ulendo waciŵiri wa ku Zambezi pamoza na ŵalara ŵa ŵasilikari ŵankhondi na yumoza. Boti lakucemeka Ma Robert likapangika mwaluŵiro ndipo likanyamulika mu boti la Colonial Office la Pearl, ilo likaluta nalo ku Ceylon. Ŵakafumako pa 10 March, ndipo ŵakaluta ku Freetown na kutora ŵanthu 12 ŵa mtundu wa Kru kuti ŵakateŵetere pa sitima ya pa mlonga, ndipo ŵakafika pa Zambezi pa 14 May. Ŵakaghanaghana kuti ngalaŵa zose ziŵiri ziŵawovwire kuti ŵende mu mlonga na kukhazikapo malo, kweni pakaŵa pakusuzga kuti ngalaŵa zijumphemo para zajumpha mu Cahora Bassa rapids. Pearl wakataya katundu wawo pa cirwa ico cikaŵa pa mtunda wa makilomita 64 kufuma uko kukaŵa boti ili. Kufuma pa malo agha, Ma Robert wakendanga mwakuzizima, ndipo ŵakamuguzira mu maji ghanandi. Mlonga uwu ukaŵa malo gha nkhondo, ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa ku Portugal na ŵazga ŵawo ŵakarwanga nkhondo na Ŵachikunda ŵa ku Matakenya (Mariano) awo ŵakakhumbanga ŵazga, kweni wose ŵaŵiri ŵakazomera kuti ŵaŵe ŵabwezi.{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=129–138}}<ref name="Popular Account I">{{cite wikisource|chapter=CHAPTER I|wslink=A Popular Account of Dr Livingstone's Expedition to the Zambesi and its Tributaries|plaintitle=A Popular Account of Dr Livingstone's Expedition to the Zambesi and its Tributaries| last=Livingstone|first=David|year= 1894 |publisher=John Murray|page=|wspage=|scan=}}</ref>[[File:MaryMoffatGravestone.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|The grave of Livingstone’s wife, [[Mary Moffat Livingstone]], in [[Chupanga]], Mozambique. She died in 1862.]] Ŵasayansi ŵara ŵakati ŵakhala waka ku Shupanga, ŵakamanya yayi umo vinthu vikwenera kucitikira, ntheura ŵakakolerana yayi. Thomas Baines, uyo wakaŵa citatata, ŵakamuwuskamo mu gulu ili. Ŵanyake awo ŵakaluta ku Nyanja ya Nyasa ndiwo ŵakaŵa ŵakwamba kufika ku Nyanja iyi, ndipo ŵakenda pa sitima zinayi. Mu 1861, ofesi ya Colonial yikatumizga boti la nkhuni lakucemeka Pioneer, ilo likanyamura gulu la University Mission to Central Africa (UMCA) ilo likalongozgekanga na Bishop Charles MacKenzie. Livingstone wakawunjika ndalama kuti wapange ngalaŵa yinyake, ya Lady Nyasa, iyo yikanozgeka kuti yende pa Nyanja ya Nyasa. Buku ili likatumizgika mu vigaŵa-vigaŵa, mwakupambana na ivyo wakapempha, pamoza na ŵamishonale ŵanyake, kusazgapo Mary Livingstone, ndipo ŵakafika mu 1862. Ngalaŵa ya Pioneer yikacedwa kufika pa mtunda kuti yikakumane nawo, ndipo yikacedwa comene cifukwa cakuti yikamanya kuti Bishopu wafwa. Mary Livingstone wakafwa pa 27 Epulero 1862 cifukwa ca maleriya. Livingstone wakatora sitima ya Pioneer na kuluta ku mtunda na kukawona Mlonga wa Ruvuma, ndipo dokotala John Kirk wakalemba kuti: "Nkhuwona kuti Dr. Livingstone wali na maghanoghano ghaheni ndipo ni mulongozgi wakofya comene". Apo ŵapayiniya ŵakaweleranga ku Shupanga mu Disembala 1862, ŵakaŵalipira (mu salu) "ŵanalume ŵa Mazaro" awo ŵakafumapo na kusanga ŵanyake. Pa 10 Janyuwale 1863 ŵakanyamuka, ŵakaguzanga Lady Nyasa, ndipo ŵakakwelera mu Mlonga wa Shire uko kukaŵa vinthu vinandi ivyo vikaparanyika apo Mariano wakambanga kupenja ŵazga ku Chikunda, ivyo vikapangiska njara. Ŵakafika ku Chibisa na ku Murchison Cataracts mu Epulero, ndipo ŵakamba kuwuskapo Nyanakazi Nyasa na kuzenga msewu uwo ukajumphanga mu vigaŵa vinyake vya Nyanja iyi.{{sfn | Livingstone | Livingstone | 1866 | pp=[https://archive.org/details/narrativeanexpe03livigoog/page/n509/mode/2up 472–475]}}{{sfn | Ross | 2002 | pp=180–182}} Mu 1864 wakanyamura ngalaŵa izi mu mlonga pamanyuma pakuti boma lazomerezga kuti ŵaleke kuluta. Ŵapharazgi ŵanandi ŵa mu nyuzipepara ŵakayowoya kuti ulendo wa ku Zambezi watondeka, ndipo Livingstone vikamusuzga kusanga ndalama zakwendeskera ulendo wake wa ku Africa. John Kirk, Charles Meller, na Richard Thornton, ŵasayansi awo ŵakasankhika na Livingstone kuti ŵacite mulimo uwu, ŵakapeleka vinthu vinandi vyakukhwaskana na vyakumera, vinyama, na ŵanthu ku masukulu gha ŵasayansi ku United Kingdom. ===Nile River=== Mu Janyuwale 1866, Livingstone wakawelera ku Africa, ndipo pa nyengo iyi wakaluta ku Zanzibar, ndipo kufuma ku malo agha wakamba kupenja uko kukufuma maji gha mu Mlonga wa Nile. Richard Francis Burton, John Hanning Speke, na Samuel Baker ŵakayowoya kuti Nyanja ya Albert panji Nyanja ya Victoria ndiyo yikafuma maji agha. (Ivyo vikaŵa vyaunenesko nadi, cifukwa Nile "yikuphulika kufuma pasi pa mapiri gha ku Burundi pakati pa Nyanja ya Tanganyika na Nyanja ya Victoria"), kweni pakaŵa mphindano pa nkhani iyi. Livingstone wakagomezganga kuti cisimi ici cikaŵa kumwera ndipo wakasora gulu la ŵazga awo ŵakafwatuka ku wuzga, ŵanthu ŵa ku virwa vya Comoros, na ŵateŵeti ŵaŵiri ŵa pa ulendo wake wakwamba, Chuma na Susi. [[File:Livingstone House, Mikindani, Tanzania.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|This house in Mikindani in southern Tanzania was the starting point for Livingstone's last expedition. He stayed here from 24 March to 7 April 1866.]] Livingstone wakamba ulendo wake kufuma pa mlomo wa mlonga wa Ruvuma, kweni pacoko na pacoko awo ŵakamovwiranga ŵakamba kumuleka. Ŵanthu ŵa ku virwa vya Comoros ŵakawelera ku Zanzibar ndipo ŵakaphalira ŵalara ŵa boma kuti Livingstone wafwa. Wakafika pa Nyanja ya Malawi pa 6 Ogasiti, ndipo pa nyengo iyi vinthu vyake vinandi vikaŵa kuti vyibika, kusazgapo munkhwala wake wose. Kufuma apo, Livingstone wakaluta ku Nyanja ya Tanganyika, ndipo umoyo wake ukaŵa pa ngozi. Wakatuma uthenga ku Zanzibar kupempha kuti ŵatumizge vinthu ku Ujiji ndipo wakaluta kumanjiliro gha dazi, chifukwa cha ulwari. Wakafika pa Nyanja ya Mweru pa 8 November 1867 ndipo wakalutizga ulendo wake, wakaluta kumwera kukaŵa munthu wakwamba wa ku Europe kuwona Nyanja ya Bangweulu. Wakati wasanga mlonga wa Lualaba, Livingstone wakaghanaghana kuti ungaŵa mu mphepete mwa Mlonga wa Nile, kweni wakamanya kuti mu mphepete mwa Mlonga wa Congo muli Nyanja ya Upper Congo.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Livingstone |first1=David |title=Personal Letter to J. Kirk or R. Playfair |url=http://www.livingstoneonline.ucl.ac.uk/view/transcript.php?id=LETT2200 |website=David Livingstone Online |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221195004/http://www.livingstoneonline.ucl.ac.uk/view/transcript.php?id=LETT2200 |archive-date=21 December 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> Caka ca 1869 cikamba apo Livingstone wakalwara comene apo wakaŵa mu nkhorongo. Ŵamalonda Ŵaarabu ndiwo ŵakamuponoska, ŵakamupa munkhwala na kuluta nayo ku malo gha Ŵaarabu. Mu Malici 1869, Livingstone wakalwara nthenda ya chibungu ndipo wakati wafika ku Ujiji, wakasanga kuti ŵanthu ŵabiba katundu wake. Wakapwetekeka na cholera ndipo malundi ghake ghakaŵa na vilonda, ntheura wakeneranga kugomezga ŵamalonda ŵa ŵazga kuti ŵamufikiske ku Bambara, uko nyengo ya vula yikamukora. Pakuti wakaŵaje cakurya, Livingstone wakaryanga mu cipinda ico ŵakakakilira vingwe kuti ŵakondweske ŵanthu ŵa mu cigaŵa ici. Pa Julayi 15, 1871, Livingstone wakalemba ivyo wakawona apo Ŵaarabu ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga ku msika wa Nyangwe, mumphepete mwa Mlonga wa Lualaba. Ŵakayowoya kuti cifukwa ca kupanikizgira ici cikaŵa kuwezgera pa ivyo wakacita Manilla, uyo wakaŵa muzga uyo wakawukira ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Mohombo cifukwa ca kulongozgeka na mulongozgi wa mtundu wa Wagenya, Kimburu. Ŵaarabu ŵakawukira ŵamalonda na ŵanthu ŵa Kimburu. Ŵasayansi ŵa pa Yunivesite ya Indiana ku Pennsylvania, awo ŵakawona ivyo vikaŵa mu diary ya Livingstone ŵakayowoya kuti apo wakalembanga ivyo vikaŵa mu diary yake, wakaleka kughanaghanira vya ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵanyake, awo ŵakaŵa ŵazga ŵa ŵamalonda ŵa ku Banyan, awo ŵakagwiranga nchito na John Kirk, uyo wakaŵa mulara wa boma ku Zanzibar, ndipo wakatumika kuti wakaponoske Livingstone. Ŵazga aŵa ŵakaŵafwatura ndipo ŵakasazgikako ku gulu lake, kweni ŵakalongora nkhaza ku ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha mwakupambana na ulongozgi wake, ndipo wakafipanga mtima kuti panji ndiwo ŵakambiska kuti ŵanthu ŵakomeke. Mu diary yake wakalemba kuti "ŵanalume ŵa Dugumbe ŵakakoma Kimburu na munyake kuti ŵaŵe ŵazga" ndipo wakalongosora kuti ŵazga ŵa Manilla ndiwo ŵakalongozganga, kweni pakuwona ivyo vikacitika, wakati ŵanthu ŵa Dugumbé ndiwo ŵakaŵa na mulandu, ndipo ŵakamba mulandu uwu kuti ŵaŵe ciyelezgero ciwemi ku Manilla. Mu diary yake wakalongosora kuti wakatuma ŵanalume ŵake na ndembera kuti ŵawovwire munung'una wa Manilla. Baibolo ilo Waller wakalemba mu "Last Journals", ilo likalembeka mu 1874, likulongosora yayi ivyo Livingstone wakayowoya vyakukhwaskana na Kirk na nkharo yiheni ya ŵanalume ŵa ku Banyan awo ŵakagwiranga nchito, ndipo likulongosora yayi umo ŵanthu ŵa mu muzi ŵakakhalira pakwamba apo ŵakalimbana na ŵazga ŵa Ŵaarabu. Cigaŵa ico cikulongosora vya kukoma ŵanthu cikaŵa na mazgu ghacoko waka. Kupenjerezga ivyo vikalembeka mu dayare kukulutilira.<ref name="cbsn_Rese">{{Cite web |title=Researchers now presume that Dr Livingstone lied |work=CBS News |date=2 November 2011 |access-date=25 April 2019 |url= https://www.cbsnews.com/news/researchers-now-presume-that-dr-livingstone-lied/ }}</ref><ref name="livingstoneonline.org">{{Cite web |last=Wisnicki |first=Adrian S. |date=2011 |title=Livingstone in 1871 |url=http://www.livingstoneonline.org/spectral-imaging/livingstone-in-1871 |access-date=25 April 2019 |work=livingstoneonline.org}}</ref> Livingstone wakatenthema comene na ivyo vikacitika, ndipo wakalutilira yayi kupenja maji gha mu Nile. Nyengo ya vula yikati yamara, wakenda mtunda wa makilomita 390 kufuma ku Nyangwe kuwelera ku Ujiji, malo gha Ŵaarabu agho ghakaŵa kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika. ===Geographical discoveries=== Nangauli Livingstone wakananga pakuyowoya za Nile, kweni wakasora malo ghanandi agho ghakovwira ŵasayansi ŵa ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi, nga ni Nyanja ya Ngami, Nyanja ya Malawi, na Nyanja ya Bangweulu, kusazgapo Victoria Falls iyo yazunulika kale. Wakalongosora makora umo Nyanja ya Tanganyika, Nyanja ya Mweru, na nthowa ya milonga yinandi, comenecomene ya Zambezi, ndipo ivyo wakawona vikawovwira kuti vigaŵa vikuruvikuru ivyo vikaŵa vyambura kumanyikwa vilembeke. Nangauli vikaŵa nthena, kweni wakafika yayi kumpoto kwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika, iyo yikaŵa kumwera kwa Equator, ndipo wakafika yayi ku nkhorongo za mu Mlonga wa Congo uko kukaŵa kufupi na Msumba wa Ntangwe, kufupi na Misisi. Livingstone wakapika mendulo ya golide ya Royal Geographical Society of London, ndipo wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu awo ŵakakolerananga na gulu ili umoyo wake wose.<ref name="Blaikie1880" /> ==Stanley meeting== [[File:Omani Empire 2.png|thumb|Livingstone's meeting with Stanley took place at [[Ujiji]], an Arab trading post under the [[Sultanate of Zanzibar]], marked in pink at the bottom left of this map.]] [[File:Henry Morton Stanley meeting David Livingstone at Ujiji, in Wellcome V0006855.jpg|thumb|Henry Morton Stanley meets David Livingstone]] [[File:Livingstone Memorial, Tanzania.jpg|thumb|Livingstone Memorial in [[Ujiji]], Tanzania]] Kwa vilimika vinkhondi na cimoza, Livingstone wakaleka kucezga na ŵanthu ndipo vilimika vinayi vyaumaliro wa umoyo wake, wakaŵa mulwari comene. Pa makalata 44 agho wakatuma, limoza pera ndilo likafika ku Zanzibar. Kalata yimoza iyo yikalembeka na Horace Waller, yikavumbukwa na Peter Beard mu 2010. Likuti: "Nili na nthumbo yikuru, kweni iyi njinu pera... Nkhukayika usange nizamukuwonaso".<ref>{{cite news|title=David Livingstone letter deciphered at last. Four-page missive composed at the lowest point in his professional life|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/38064893|agency=Associated Press|date=2 July 2010|access-date=2 July 2010}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100705102958/http://emelibrary.org/livingstoneletter/ ''Livingstone's Letter from Bambarre''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705102958/http://emelibrary.org/livingstoneletter/ |date=5 July 2010 }}, emelibrary.org; accessed 4 July 2010.</ref> Mu 1869, nyuzipepara ya New York Herald yikatuma Henry Morton Stanley kuti wamupenje. Wakamusanga Livingstone mu tawuni ya Ujiji pa mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika pa Novembala 10, 1871. Livingstone, nkhugomezga?" Livingstone wakazgora kuti, "Enya", ndipo wakasazgirapo kuti, "Nkhuwonga comene kuti nili pano kuti nimupokelerani". Mazgu ghakumanyikwa agha ghangaŵa ghakupangika waka, cifukwa pamasinda Stanley wakalemba mu diary yake ivyo vikacitika. Nanga ni nkhani ya Livingstone ya umo wakakumana na ŵanthu aŵa yikuzunurapo yayi mazgu agha. Kweni mazgu agha ghakusangika mu nyuzipepara ya New York Herald ya Ogasiti 10, 1872, ndipo mabuku gha Encyclopædia Britannica na Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ghakuzunura mazgu agha kwambura kukayika. Mazgu agha ghakumanyikwa comene cifukwa cakuti ghakulongora kuti Livingstone wakaŵa yekha muzungu uyo wakaŵapo pa mtunda wa makilomita ghanandi, kweniso cifukwa cakuti Stanley wakayezgayezga kuti wawoneke wakucindikika mu nkhorongo ya mu Africa mwa kuyowoya mazgu agho munthu wangaghanaghananga kuti wangapulika mu kilabu ya ŵanthu ŵakuzirwa ku London. Ndipouli, awo ŵakaŵazganga nyuzipepara iyi ŵakawona kuti Stanley wakuneneska yayi. Munthu munyake uyo wakalemba mbiri ya umoyo wa Stanley, zina lake Tim Jeal, wakati umoyo wake wose Stanley wakalimbananga na suzgo lakuti wakaŵa mukavu. Buku la Stanley likulongora kuti mazgu agha ghakaŵa ghakufuma ku soni, cifukwa wakakhumba yayi kukumbatira Livingstone. Nangauli Stanley wakamuchiskanga, kweni Livingstone wakaŵikapo mtima kuti waleke kuwukapo mu Africa m'paka wamalizge mulimo wake. Ulwari wake ukamupangiska kuti watimbanizgike maghanoghano ndipo wakasuzgikanga kusankha vinthu paumaliro wa umoyo wake. Wakenda mu mlonga wa Lualaba, ndipo wakati watondeka kusanga nthowa yakunjilira mu mlonga wa Nile, wakawelera ku Nyanja ya Bangweulu na malo ghake kuti wakawone umo mlonga uwo ukendanga kumpoto ukuyendera.{{sfn|Livingstone|1874|p=}} ==Christianity and Sechele== Livingstone wakumanyikwa kuti ni "mishonale mulara comene mu Africa", ndipouli, pali kulembeka kuti wakang'anamura mtima munthu yumoza pera wa ku Africa: Sechele, uyo wakaŵa mulongozgi wa ŵantu ŵa mtundu wa Kwena ŵa ku Botswana (ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Kwena mba Sotho-Tswana, awo ŵakusangika mu South Africa, Lesotho, na Botswana mu magulu ghose ghatatu gha ciyowoyero ca Sotho-Tswana). Sechele wakababika mu 1812. Adada ŵake ŵakafwa apo Sechele wakaŵa na vilimika 10, ndipo ŵaŵiri mwa ŵadumbu ŵake ŵakagaŵana fuko, ndipo ici cikapangiska kuti Sechele wafumeko ku nyumba yake kwa vilimika vinkhondi na vinayi. Sechele wakati wawelera, wakatora cigaŵa ca fuko la sekuru wake, ndipo pa nyengo iyi ndipo wakakumana na Livingstone. Livingstone wakamba kutemwa chomene Sechele, chomenechomene umo wakaŵazgiranga. Pakuti Sechele wakasambiranga luŵiro, wakasambira alufabeti mu mazuŵa ghaŵiri ndipo mwaluŵiro wakamba kuyowoya Cingelezi. Wakati wasambizga ŵanakazi ŵake luso ulu, wakalemba Baibolo mu ciyowoyero cake. Livingstone wakamanyikwanga mu vigaŵa vinandi vya mu Africa kuti wakacindikanga ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha, ndipo mafuko agho wakaluta nagho ghakamucindikanga na cipulikano ndiposo kugomezgeka. Ndipouli, wakatondeka kuzgora ŵanthu ŵa mu fuko ili kuti ŵaŵe Ŵakhristu. Cifukwa cimoza nchakuti, Sechele, uyo panyengo iyo wakaŵa mulongozgi wa fuko la ku Africa, wakakondwa yayi na fundo yakuti Livingstone wangapempha yayi vula kwa Ciuta wake nga ni umo awo ŵakapanganga vula ŵakacitiranga, ŵeneawo ŵakatenge ŵangacita. Livingstone wakadandawura kwa nyengo yitali, ndipo wakabapatiza Sechele na kumuzomerezga kuti waŵe muteŵeti wa chalichi. Sono Sechele wakaŵa mu chalichi, kweni wakalutilira kucita vinthu kuyana na mitheto yake ya ku Africa, iyo yikaŵa yakupambana na visambizgo vya Livingstone.:20 Sechele wakaŵa wakupambana yayi na ŵanalume ŵanyake ŵa fuko lake pa nkhani ya kutora ŵanakazi ŵanandi. Wakaŵa na ŵawoli ŵankhondi, kusazgapo MmaKgari (kufuma ku lizgu la Citswana ilo likung'anamura "anyina ŵa Kgari"), Mokgokong na Masebele. Wakati walekana na ŵanakazi aŵa, Livingstone wakaŵabatizga wose ndipo vyose vikenda makora. Ndipouli, pakati pajumpha cilimika cimoza, yumoza wa ŵawoli ŵake wakale wakaŵa na nthumbo, ndipo mwana wakababika na Sechele. Sechele wakapempha Livingstone kuti waleke kumugongoweska cifukwa cipulikano cake cikaŵa kuti citali, kweni Livingstone wakafumamo mu caru ici na kuluta kumpoto kuti walutilire kuzgora ŵanthu kuŵa Ŵakhristu. Template:Mapeji ghakukhumbikwa Livingstone wakati wafumako ku fuko la Kwena, Sechele wakalutilira kugomezgeka ku Cikhristu ndipo wakalongozganga ŵamishonale ku mafuko gha pafupi na kuzgora pafupifupi ŵanthu wose ŵa fuko la Kwena kuŵa Ŵakristu. Neil Parsons wa ku Yunivesite ya ku Botswana wakati, Sechele "wakacita vinandi pakuthandazga Cikristu kumwera kwa Africa mu vilimika vya m'ma 1800 kuluska mishonale waliyose wa ku Europe". Nangauli Sechele wakajicemanga kuti ni Mkhristu, kweni ŵamishonale ŵanandi ŵa ku Europe ŵakakolerana nayo yayi. Mulongozgi wa fuko la Kwena wakakhumbanga kuti vula yilokwe, kweniso wakakhumbanga kuti ŵanakazi ŵaŵe na ŵanakazi ŵanandi.<ref name="Tomkins2013a">{{cite web |last=Tomkins |first=Stephen |date=19 March 2013 |title=The African chief converted to Christianity by Dr Livingstone |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21807368 |access-date=2018-07-12 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ==Death== [[File:David Livingstone Medal (p.60) - Copy.jpg|thumb|David Livingstone Medal<ref name="LMS1890">{{cite journal|title=A Livingstone Medal|journal=Chronicles of the London Missionary Society|date=February 1890 |url=https://archive.org/stream/chroniclelondon00unkngoog#page/n104/mode/2up/search/livingstone+medal|first=Allen|last=Wyon|page=60|location=London}}</ref>]] Livingstone wakafwa pa 1 May 1873 apo wakaŵa na vyaka 60 mu muzi wa Chitambo ku Chipundu, kumwera-kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Bangweulu, mu Zambia lero, chifukwa cha maleriya na kuthika ndopa mukati chifukwa cha nthenda ya malungo. Wakalongozgeka na ŵantchito ŵake ŵakugomezgeka, Chuma na Susi, ndipo gulu lake likanozga vyakusunkhizga nyifwa. Ŵakafumiskamo mtima wake na kuwusunga musi mwa khuni ilo likaŵa pafupi na malo agho wakafwira. Ŵanthu ŵakuti khuni ili ni mvula panji baobab, kweni likwenera kuti ni mpundu, chifukwa awo ŵakukhala pasi pa khuni ili mbachoko chomene kweniso ŵali mu malo ghambura maji.<ref name="WickensLowe2008">{{cite book|last1=Wickens|first1=G. E. |last2= Lowe |first2=P.|title=The Baobabs: Pachycauls of Africa, Madagascar and Australia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jYq6NAEACAAJ|year=2008|publisher=Springer Netherlands|isbn=978-1-4020-6430-2|page=33}}</ref>{{sfn|Dugard|2014|p=147}} Pa malo agha, agho sono ghakucemeka kuti Livingstone Memorial, pali kulembeka kuti wakafwa pa 4 May, zuŵa ilo Chuma na Susi ŵakayowoya (ndipo ŵakalilemba mu khuni); kweni mabuku ghanandi ghakulongora kuti zuŵa lakwamba la Meyi ndilo likaŵa zuŵa leneko ilo Livingstone wakalemberanga ivyo wakalemba. Ŵanthu awo ŵakalongozgekanga na Chuma na Susi, ŵakanyamura thupi lake, pamoza na buku lake lakulongosora umoyo wake na katundu wake, ndipo ŵakenda ulendo wa mazuŵa 63 kuluta ku Bagamoyo, tawuni iyo yili mumphepete mwa nyanja, mtunda wa makilomita ghakujumpha 1,600. Ŵakafika ku Ujiji mu Febuluwale 1874, uko ŵakasanga mapepara gha Livingstone na kughapeleka ku England. Ŵalondezgi 79 ŵakamalizga ulendo uwu, ndipo ŵanalume aŵa ŵakapokera malipiro ghawo, ndipo viwangwa vya Livingstone vikaweleraso ku Britain kuti ŵakasunge. Mu London, thupi lake likagona pa No.1 Savile Row, uko panyengo iyo kukaŵa likuru la Royal Geographical Society, pambere ŵandamuŵike ku Westminster Abbey.<ref name="Blaikie1880" /><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.cigaraficionado.com/Cigar/CA_Archives/CA_Show_Article/0,2322,626,00.html|title=On Savile Row|author=G. Bruce Boyer|magazine=Cigar Aficionado|date=Summer 1996|access-date=21 December 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817001808/http://www.cigaraficionado.com/Cigar/CA_Archives/CA_Show_Article/0,2322,626,00.html|archive-date=17 August 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=David Livingstone|url=https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/david-livingstone|access-date=2023-02-07|website=Westminster Abbey}}</ref> ==Livingstone and slavery== [[File:The Slave Gang (relates to David Livingstone) by The London Missionary Society.jpg|thumb|Arab slave traders and their captives]] {{blockquote|Ndipo usange ivyo nasanga vyakukhwaskana na wuzga wa ku Ujijian vikovwira kuti malonda gha ŵazga ghaleke kucitika ku East Coast, niwonenge kuti nkhani iyi njakuzirwa comene kuluska kusanga maji ghose gha mu Nile.|Livingstone mu kalata iyo wakalembera mulembi wa nyuzipepara ya New York Herald<ref name="Stanley1872">{{cite book|last=Stanley|first=Henry Morton|author-link=Henry Morton Stanley |title=How I Found Livingstone: Travels, Adventures and Discoveries in Central Africa: Including an Account of Four Months' Residence with Dr. Livingstone|url=https://archive.org/details/howifoundliving01stangoog|year=1872|publisher=Scribner, Armstrong & Company}}</ref>}} Apo wakayowoyanga za malonda gha ŵazga ku East Africa mu nyuzipepara yake: {{blockquote|Ntchambura macitiko kuti uheni wake uleke kuŵa na nkhongono.{{sfn|Livingstone|1874|p=442}} }} Livingstone wrote about a group of slaves forced to march by Arab slave traders in the [[African Great Lakes]] region when he was travelling there in 1866: {{blockquote|Tikawona muzga mwanakazi uyo ŵakamukoma na futi panji kumudinya ndipo wakaŵa mu nthowa. Gulu la ŵanalume likimilira patali, ndipo gulu linyake la ŵanakazi likawoneleranga. Ŵakati Muarabu munyake uyo wakajumphapo mulenjilenji zuŵa lira, wakachita nthena chifukwa cha ukali chifukwa cha kutaya ndalama izo ŵakamulipira, chifukwa chakuti mwanakazi uyu wakatondekanga kwenda. 27 Juni 1866 - Lero tikakumana na munthu uyo wakafwa na njara, cifukwa wakaŵa wakunyotwa comene. Yumoza wa ŵanalume ŵithu wakendendendeka ndipo wakasanga ŵazga ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵa na ndodo za wuzga, awo ŵasekuru ŵawo ŵakaŵaleka cifukwa ca kusoŵa cakurya. Ŵakaŵa ŵakulopwa comene mwakuti ŵakatondekanga kuyowoya panji kuyowoya uko ŵakafuma; ŵanyake ŵakaŵa ŵacoko comene.|source={{harvnb|Livingstone|1874|p=62}}}} He also described: {{blockquote|Nthenda yiheni comene iyo nili kuyiwonapo mu caru ici yikuwoneka kuti ni mtima wakuphyoka, ndipo yikuwukira ŵanalume ŵanangwa awo ŵakakoleka na kuzgoka ŵazga... Ŵanalume 21 ŵakafwatuka, kweni wose ŵakacimbira nyengo yeneyiyo. Ŵanandi 8 ŵakakakika, ndipo ŵakafwa mu mazuŵa ghatatu ŵati ŵambuka. Iwo ŵakalongosora kuti ŵakasuzgikanga waka mu mtima, ndipo ŵakaŵika woko pa malo ghakwenelera, nangauli ŵanandi ŵakughanaghana kuti woko ili lili mu chiwangwa cha pa nganga.|source={{harvnb|Livingstone|1874|p=352}} }} Makalata gha Livingstone, mabuku ghake, na magazini ghake ghakawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakane wuzga, kweni wakakhumbikwiranga wovwiri wa awo ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga, awo wakakhumbanga kuŵawuskapo. Wakaŵa mulongozgi wambura nkharo pakati pa ŵanyake, ndipo pa ulendo wake waumaliro wakaluta nga ni munthu uyo wakwenda yekha, na ŵateŵeti na awo ŵakamunyamulira katundu, kweni wakaŵavya wovwiri wa nkhwantha. Kweniso wakakhumbanga yayi kulondezga nthowa za ŵanthu ŵankhaza nga ni Stanley, kuti waŵavikilire ŵantchito ŵake na katundu wake. Pa vifukwa ivi, wakazomera kovwirika na kupokelereka kufuma mu 1867 na Mohamad Bogharib na Mohamad bin Saleh (wakumanyikwaso kuti "Mpamari"), ŵamalonda awo ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga, nga umo wakalongosolera mu mabuku ghake. Iwo nawo ŵakasanga candulo cifukwa cakuti Livingstone wakaŵa na mazaza pa ŵanthu ŵa mu cigaŵa ici, ndipo ici cikawovwira kuti Mpamari wafumiskike mu wuzga wa Mwata Kazembe. Livingstone wakakwiya comene wakati wamanya kuti ŵanji mwa awo ŵakatumizgikanga kufuma ku Ujiji ŵakaŵa ŵazga. Kweni maukaboni gha Livingstone ghakukhwaskana na ŵazga ŵakughakayikira comene.<ref name="TeelockPeerthum2017">{{cite book|last1=Teelock|first1=Vijayalakshmi|last2=Peerthum|first2=Satyendra|title=Transition from Slavery in Zanzibar and Mauritius|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0iXUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA47|year=2017|publisher=CODESRIA|isbn=978-2-86978-680-6|pages=47–}}</ref><ref name="Rijpma2015">{{cite book|last=Rijpma|first=Sjoerd |title=David Livingstone and the Myth of African Poverty and Disease: A Close Examination of his Writing on the Pre-colonial Era|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Jj8CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA161|year=2015|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-29373-1|pages=161–}}</ref> {{clear left}} ==Legacy== Ku umaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1860, Livingstone wakaŵa na lumbiri luheni ku Europe cifukwa ca kutondeka kwa ulendo wake wa ku Zambezi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakamugomezganga yayi pa nkhani ya uko kukufuma Mlonga wa Nile. Ulendo wake ukaŵa wakulongozgeka makora yayi. Stanley na nyuzipepara yake ŵakamovwira kuti waŵe na lumbiri luwemi, kweniso ŵateŵeti ŵa Livingstone ŵakamovwira kuti waŵe wakugomezgeka. Kulembeka kwa buku lake laumaliro kukavumbura kuti wakaŵa wakukhwima mtima nangauli wakasuzgikanga. Mu 1860, pa pempho lake, ŵakambiska sukulu ya University's Mission to Central Africa. Ŵamishonale ŵanandi ŵakuzirwa, nga ni Mulongozgi Stirling na Miss Annie Allen, ŵakamba kuteŵetera gulu ili. Gulu ili na ŵamishonale awo ŵakagwiranga nchito ya udokotala ŵakamba kovwira comene ŵanthu ŵa mu Africa. Livingstone wakabowozga vinthu vinyake vya ku Europe. Wakaciska ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kuti ŵazga ŵaleke kugwiliskirika nchito, awo ŵakendanga mu vyaru vinyake, na ŵamishonale. Wakajulira ŵanthu ŵa ku Central Africa kuti ŵamishonale ŵambe kusambizga ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa na kuŵapwelelera, kweniso wakambiska kampani ya African Lakes Company. Ŵalongozgi ŵanandi ŵa ku Africa na ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha ŵakamucindikanga comene, ndipo zina lake likawovwira kuti ŵaŵe paubwezi na ŵaboma ŵa ku Britain.<ref name="Blaikie1880" />[[File:David Livingstone statue, Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|[[Statue of David Livingstone, Edinburgh|Livingstone statue]], Edinburgh by [[Amelia Robertson Hill]]]] Ici cikapangiska kuti pamasinda pa vilimika 50 kufuma apo wakafwira, mu Africa muŵe ufumu wa ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yinyake, ndipo ŵazungu ŵakaciskika kuti ŵakhalenge mu vyaru vinyake. Ndipouli, ivyo Livingstone wakaghanaghananga kuti "makoloni" ghaŵenge nga ni umo ise tikughanaghanira sono ni ufumu wa ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe yayi, kweni vikaya vya Ŵakhristu ŵakujipeleka awo ŵakakhalanga na ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe kuti ŵaŵawovwire kusanga nthowa za umoyo zambura wuzga. Livingstone wakaŵa yumoza wa gulu la ŵanthu awo ŵakatemwanga kupharazga makani ghawemi ndipo ŵakakhumbanga kuti vinthu viŵayendere makora ku Britain. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, gulu ili likawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu charu cha Britain ŵaleke kughanaghana kuti Chiuta wali na mazaza pa ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yinyake. Nyumba ya David Livingstone ku Blantyre yili mu nyumba iyo wakababikiramo, ndipo yili pa malo agho pakaŵa nyumba iyo wakagwirangamo ntchito. Cipulikano cake ca Cikhristu cikulongoreka mu buku lake, umo muli mazgu ghakuti: "Nkhukhumba cara kuŵa na cinthu cilicose ico nili naco panji ico ningaŵa naco, kweni ico cikukolerana na ufumu wa Khristu. Usange cinthu cinyake cingawovwira kuti vinthu vya Ufumu viŵe makora, cipelekekenge panji kusungika, kweni para nkhupeleka panji kusungika, ndikuti nkhukhozga ucindami wa Uyo nkhugomezga kuti wazamuniponoska kwamuyirayira". Alvyn Austin mu 1997 wakati:<ref>Alvyn Austin, "Discovering Livingstone" ''Christian History'' (1997) 16#4 pp 10-19.</ref><blockquote>Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1960, Livingstone wakalongosoreka kuti ni munthu yumoza pera uyo wakazgoka Mkhristu, kweni pamasinda wakawelera nyuma. Wakenda mu vigaŵa vichoko waka ivyo ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakafikako yayi. Wakathaska ŵazga ŵachoko waka. Ndipouli, mu nyengo iyi apo mazina gha vyaru ghakuzgoreka na vithuzithuzi vikubwangandulika, Livingstone wandafwe. Nangauli ŵanthu ŵa mu Africa mazuŵa ghano ŵakutinkha comene ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe, nga ni Cecil Rhodes, kweni Livingstone wakalutilira kuŵa munthu wacikanga. Kwa nyengo yitali, Rhodesia wali kuleka kuzunura zina lake, kweni mu misumba ya Livingstone (Zambia) na Livingstonia (Malawi) zina la munthu uyu likulutilira kumanyikwa.</blockquote> Mu 2002, David Livingstone wakasankhika kuŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu 100 ŵakumanyikwa comene ŵa ku Britain.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/greatbritons/list.shtml/ |title=The Top 100 Great Britons |access-date=19 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021204214727/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/greatbritons/list.shtml/ |archive-date=4 December 2002 |url-status=dead | work = BBC | date= 2002|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ==Family life== [[File:David Livingstone by Frederick Havill.jpg|thumb|Posthumous portrait of David Livingstone by [[Frederick Havill]]]] Nangauli Livingstone wakawovwira comene kuti ufumu wa Britain uthande, kweni mbumba yake yikakhwaskika comene. Ŵana ŵake ŵakakura kwambura awiskewo, ndipo muwoli wake Mary (mwana wa Mary na Robert Moffat), uyo wakatorana nayo mu 1845, wakaŵa na umoyo uheni comene, ndipo wakafwa na maleriya pa 27 Epulero 1862. Wakaŵa na ŵana ŵankhondi na yumoza: # Robert died while serving in the [[Union Army]] during the [[American Civil War]];<ref>{{cite journal|jstor=716469|pages=250–252|last1=Chirgwin|first1=A. M.|title=New Light on Robert Livingstone|volume=33|issue=132|journal=Journal of the Royal African Society|year=1934}}</ref> He took the name Rupert Vincent and was the substitute for Horace Heath, and took his place in Company H of the [[3rd New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry|3rd New Hampshire Volunteers]]. Robert ended up being captured by the [[Confederate States Army]] and died at the [[Salisbury National Cemetery|Salisbury prison camp]] in [[Rowan County, North Carolina]],<ref name="Murray2011">{{cite web | title = Rupert Vincent, I Presume? | last = Murray | first = John | work = Crossfire |issue=96|date=August 2011 | access-date = 2018-07-12 | url = http://www.acwrt.org.uk/uk-heritage_The-Search-for-Robert-Livingstone.asp }}</ref> which has since been termed, "North Carolina's [[Andersonville Prison|Andersonville]]."<ref>{{Cite web|author=Joel R. Stegall|date=2018-09-13|title=Salisbury Prison: North Carolina's Andersonville|url=https://nccivilwarcenter.org/salisbury-prison-north-carolinas-andersonville/|access-date=2023-02-07|website=North Carolina Civil War & Reconstruction History Center|language=en-US}}</ref> # Agnes (born 1847 or 1857, died 1912; married A.L. Bruce, a wealthy Scottish brewery executive.{{Sfn|Dugard||2012|p=384}}) # Thomas, died in Egypt in 1876 at the age of 27 from [[Schistosomiasis|bilharzia]], a disease he contracted as a child living in Africa.{{Sfn|Dugard||2012|p=}} # Elizabeth (who died at two months) # William Oswell (nicknamed Zouga because of the river along which he was born, in 1851; died in 1892 in Trinidad where he practiced medicine.{{Sfn|Dugard||2012|p=}}) # Anna Mary (born 1858, died 1939) Only Agnes, William Oswell and Anna Mary married and had children.<ref>{{cite web|author=Steven Wilson|url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~swilson/livingstone/descendants.htm|title=Livingstone Descendants|publisher=Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com|access-date=23 January 2012}}</ref> His one regret in later life was that he did not spend enough time with his children.<ref name="Ferguson2002">{{cite book|last=Ferguson|first=Niall |author-link=Niall Ferguson|title=Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power|url=https://archive.org/details/empire00nial|url-access=registration|year=2002|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-02329-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/empire00nial/page/158 158]}}</ref> ==Archives== Ivyo vikalembeka mu mabuku gha David Livingstone vikusungikira mu ofesi ya University of Glasgow (GUAS). Pa Novembala 11, 2011, buku la Livingstone la 1871 Field Diary, pamoza na mabuku ghanyake ghakalembeka na David Livingstone Spectral Imaging Project. Mabuku agho ghakulongosora ivyo vikacitika apo Livingstone wakaŵa mishonale wa London Missionary Society (nga ni mapu gha ku South-East Africa) ghali mu malo ghakusungirako vinthu vyakale gha School of Oriental and African Studies. Mabuku gha pa Intaneti agho ghakukolerana na vinthu ivi na vinyake, ghakusangika na ŵanthu wose kwizira mu pulogiramu ya Livingstone Online ya pa Yunivesite ya Nebraska-Lincoln.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://today.oregonstate.edu/archives/2015/jun/scottish-explorer-david-livingstone%E2%80%99s-writings-drawings-now-available-through-onli|title=Scottish explorer David Livingstone's writings, drawings now available through online archive|date=2015-06-24|website=Life at OSU|language=en|access-date=2019-02-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.livingstoneonline.org/about-this-site/livingstone-online-introduction|title=Livingstone Online: An Introduction {{!}} Livingstone Online|website=www.livingstoneonline.org|language=en|access-date=2019-02-19}}</ref> ==Place names and other memorials== [[File:Portrait of David Livingstone (4671614).jpg|thumb|upright|Photograph of Livingstone in later life]] ===Africa=== '''Botswana''' *Scottish Livingstone Hospital in Molepolole 50&nbsp;km west of [[Gaborone|Gaborone, Botswana]] * There is a memorial to Livingstone at the ruins of the [[Kolobeng Mission]], 40&nbsp;km west of Gaborone, Botswana. * Livingstone Kolobeng College, a private secondary school in Gaborone, Botswana. '''Burundi''' The [[Livingstone–Stanley Monument]] in [[Mugere]] (present-day [[Burundi]]) marks a spot that Livingstone and Stanley visited on their exploration of Lake Tanganyika, mistaken by some as the first meeting place of the two explorers. '''Congo''' *[[Livingstone Falls]] on the River Congo, named by Stanley. * The [[Livingstone Inland Mission]], a Baptist mission to the [[Central Africa]] 1877–1884, located in present-day [[Kinshasa|Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. '''Ghana''' * Livingstone House, Achimota School, Ghana (boys' boarding house). '''Kenya''' * Dr Livingstone Primary School in [[Nairobi]], [[Kenya]]. * Livingstone house, Alliance Highschool in [[Kiambu]], Kenya. [[File:David Livingstone memorial at Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe.jpg|thumb|[[Statue of David Livingstone, Zimbabwe|David Livingstone statue]] at [[Victoria Falls]], the first statue on the Zimbabwean side]]'''Malawi''' *The town of [[Livingstonia, Malawi]]. * The city of [[Blantyre, Malawi]] is named after Livingstone's birthplace in Scotland, and includes a memorial. * The ''David Livingstone Scholarships'' for students at the [[University of Malawi]], funded through [[Strathclyde University]], Scotland. * The David Livingstone Clinic was founded by the University of Strathclyde's Millennium Project in [[Lilongwe]], Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=David Livingstone Clinic - University of Strathclyde |url=http://www.strath.ac.uk/malawi/projects/davidlivingstoneclinic}}</ref> * The [[Kipengere Range]] in south-west Tanzania at the north-eastern end of [[Lake Malawi]] is also called the Livingstone Mountains. '''Namibia''' * David Livingstone Museum in [[Sangwali]], north-eastern [[Namibia]]. Livingstone stayed at Sangwali in the 1850s before travelling further north. '''South Africa''' * David Livingstone Senior Secondary School in Schauderville, [[Port Elizabeth]], South Africa. * Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. '''Tanzania''' *A memorial in [[Ujiji]] commemorates his meeting with Stanley.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Grant |first=C. H. B. |date=April 1932 |title=The Livingstone-Stanley Memorials in Africa |journal=The Geographical Journal |volume=79 |issue=4 |pages=318–319 |doi=10.2307/1784331 |issn=0016-7398 |jstor=1784331}}</ref> * The church tower of the Holy Ghost Mission (Roman Catholic) in [[Bagamoyo]], Tanzania, is sometimes called "Livingstone Tower" as Livingstone's body was laid down there for one night before it was shipped to London. {{citation needed|date=January 2014}} * Livingstone House in [[Stone Town]], [[Zanzibar]], provided by the [[Majid bin Said of Zanzibar|Sultan]] for Livingstone's use, January to March 1866, to prepare his last expedition; the house was purchased by the Zanzibar government in 1947. {{citation needed|date=January 2014}} * Plaque commemorating his departure from [[Mikindani]] (present-day [[Tanzania]]) on his final expedition on the wall of the house that has been built over the house he reputedly stayed in. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181020221743/http://tz.geoview.info/livingstone_street,25108633w Livingstone Street], [[Dar es Salaam]], Tanzania. '''Uganda''' * Livingstone Hall, Men's Hall of residence at [[Makerere University]], [[Kampala, Uganda]]. '''Zambia''' * The [[Livingstone Memorial]] in [[Zambia|Ilala, Zambia]] marks where David Livingstone died * The city of [[Livingstone, Zambia]], which includes a memorial in front of the [[Livingstone Museum]] and a new statue erected in 2005.<ref name="TOZ">{{cite web |url=http://www.times.co.zm/news/viewnews.cgi?category=6&id=1132264497 |title=David Livingstone Remembered |access-date=27 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927225346/http://www.times.co.zm/news/viewnews.cgi?category=6&id=1132264497 |archive-date=27 September 2007 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref> * The [[Rhodes-Livingstone Institute]], located a few miles outside [[Lusaka, Zambia]], 1937 to 1964, was a pioneering research institution in anthropology.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Crehan |first1=Kate |date=1997 |title=The Fractured Community: Landscapes of Power and Gender in Rural Zambia|place=Berkeley, California |publisher=University of California Press |url=http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft0779n6dt/ |chapter-url=https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft0779n6dt&chunk.id=d0e2527&toc.depth=100&toc.id=d0e2413&brand=ucpress |chapter=Max Gluckman and the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute}}</ref><ref>Schumaker, Lynette Louise, "The lion in the path: Fieldwork and culture in the history of the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute, 1937-1964" (1994). Dissertations available from ProQuest. AAI9521118. https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI9521118</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Heron |first1=Alastair |title=Rhodes-Livingstone Institute, Lusaka |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-modern-african-studies_1964-03_2_1/page/112 |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |date=March 1964 |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=112–113 |doi=10.1017/S0022278X00003724|s2cid=155082162 }}</ref> * David Livingstone Teachers' Training College, Livingstone, Zambia. * A new statue of David Livingstone was erected in November 2005 on the Zambian side of Victoria Falls.<ref name="TOZ" /> '''Zimbabwe''' * The David Livingstone Memorial statue at [[Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe]], erected in 1934 on the western bank of the falls.<ref name="Michler2007">{{cite book|last=Michler|first=Ian|title=Victoria Falls & Surrounds: The Insider's Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NprYukGOsEoC|year=2007|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-1-77007-361-6|page=11}}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> {{harvnb|Michler|2007}} quoted 1954 which is wrong. The statue was unveiled on 5 August 1934<ref name="VicFalls">{{cite sign|url=http://www.rhodesia.me.uk/VictoriaFalls.htm|title=David Livingstone's statue|date=1934|location=[[Victoria Falls]]|access-date=30 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150309063629/http://www.rhodesia.me.uk/VictoriaFalls.htm|archive-date=9 March 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> * A plaque was unveiled in November 2005 at Livingstone Island on the lip of Victoria Falls marking where Livingstone stood to get his first view of the falls.<ref name="TOZ" /> * David Livingstone Primary School in [[Harare|Salisbury, Rhodesia (present-day Harare, Zimbabwe)]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dr.livingstone.primary.school.co.ke/|title=Dr Livingstone Primary School - Nairobi|website=dr.livingstone.primary.school.co.ke}}</ref> * David Livingstone Secondary School in Ntabazinduna about 40&nbsp;km from [[Bulawayo]], Zimbabwe. * Livingstone House in Harare, Zimbabwe, designed by Leonora Granger. {{Who|date=January 2014}}<ref>{{cite news | title=Museum to honour David Livingstone | last=Lottering | first=Francois | work=[[The Namibian]] | date=28 October 2016 | page=7 | url=http://www.namibian.com.na/47333/read/Museum-to-honour-David-Livingstone | access-date=29 October 2016 | archive-date=29 October 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029174306/http://www.namibian.com.na/47333/read/Museum-to-honour-David-Livingstone | url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Asia=== '''New Zealand''' *Livingstone Street in Westmere, Auckland *Livingstone Road in Flaxmere, Hastings ===Europe=== '''Scotland''' [[File:David Livingstone statue, Glasgow.JPG|thumb|Livingstone statue, [[Glasgow]]]] * The [[David Livingstone Centre|David Livingstone Birthplace Museum]] in [[Blantyre, South Lanarkshire]], is a museum in his honour, operated by the David Livingstone Trust. * David Livingstone Memorial Primary School in Blantyre. * David Livingstone Memorial Church of the Church of Scotland in Blantyre. * A statue of Livingstone in [[Cathedral Square, Glasgow|Cathedral Square]], [[Glasgow]]. * A [[Statue of David Livingstone, Edinburgh|statue]] of Livingstone in [[Princes Street Gardens]], Edinburgh. * A bust of Livingstone is among those of famous Scotsmen in the [[Wallace Monument]] near [[Stirling]]. * [[Strathclyde University]], Glasgow (which evolved from Anderson's University, later the [[Royal College of Science and Technology]]), commemorates him in the David Livingstone Centre for Sustainability<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.strath.ac.uk/dlcs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120807084611/http://www.strath.ac.uk/dlcs/|url-status=dead|title=David Livingstone Centre for Sustainability webpage|archive-date=7 August 2012}}</ref> and the [[Livingstone Tower]] where there is a statue of him in the building's foyer. * The David Livingstone Room in the [[Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fifteenninetynine.co.uk/venue/the-david-livingstone-room.aspx|title=David Livingstone Meeting & Function Room {{!}} Fifteen Ninety Nine|website=fifteenninetynine.co.uk|access-date=23 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531140052/http://fifteenninetynine.co.uk/venue/the-david-livingstone-room.aspx|archive-date=31 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> A portrait of Livingstone by [[Thomas Annan]] (a photograph painted over in oils) hangs outside the room.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://libraryblog.rcpsg.ac.uk/2016/01/05/thomas-annan-and-the-documentary-photograph/|title=Thomas Annan and the Documentary Photograph|last=Andrew McAinsh|date=5 January 2016|website=College Library|access-date=23 August 2016|archive-date=29 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629185327/https://libraryblog.rcpsg.ac.uk/2016/01/05/thomas-annan-and-the-documentary-photograph/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * The ''David Livingstone (Anderson College) Memorial Prize in Physiology'' commemorates him at the [[University of Glasgow]]. * Livingstone Place, a street in the [[Sciennes]] neighbourhood of Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Harris |first1=Stuart |title=The Place Names of Edinburgh: Their Origins and History |url=https://archive.org/details/placenamesofedin0000stua |date=2002 |publisher=Steve Savage Publishers |isbn=1-904246-06-0 |page=[https://archive.org/details/placenamesofedin0000stua/page/371 371]}}</ref> * Livingstone Street in [[Addiewell]]. * A memorial plaque commemorating the centenary of Livingstone's birth was dedicated in [[Hamilton United Reformed Church|St. James's Congregational Church in Hamilton]], the church he attended as a boy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hamilton.urc.org.uk/david-livingstone/ |title=David Livingstone – a brief history |publisher=Hamilton.urc.org.uk |date=13 January 2012 |access-date=7 March 2013 |archive-date=21 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021144458/http://hamilton.urc.org.uk/david-livingstone/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Livingstone lived at 17 Burnbank Road in [[Hamilton, South Lanarkshire]], for a short time in 1862. The house still stands and has a memorial plaque outside. He was awarded the [[Freedom of the City|Freedom of the Town]] of Hamilton.<ref>{{cite book|author=Blaikie, William Garden|title=The Personal Life of David Livingstone|publisher=Project Gutenberg|year=2004|orig-year=1880|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/13262/13262-h/13262-h.htm}}</ref> '''England''' * A statue of David Livingstone stands in a niche on the outer wall of the [[Royal Geographical Society]] on Kensington Gore, London, looking out across Kensington Gardens. It was unveiled in 1953.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Unveiling of the Livingstone Statue|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_geographical-journal_1954-03_120_1/page/15|journal=The Geographical Journal|volume=120|issue=1|pages=15–20|year=1954|issn=0016-7398|doi=10.2307/1791984|jstor=1791984}}</ref> * Livingstone is one of the four houses at [[Eltham College]]. * David Livingstone Primary School in Thornton Heath, South London. ===North America=== '''Canada''' * The [[Livingstone Range (Canada)|Livingstone Range]] of mountains in southern [[Alberta]]. * David Livingstone Elementary School, [[Vancouver]]. * David Livingstone Community School, [[Winnipeg]]. * Bronze bust in [[City of Halifax|Halifax]], Nova Scotia. * Gold bust in the city of Borden, Ontario. * Livingstone Avenue in Barrie, Ontario. * Livingstone Street, St. John's, [[Newfoundland and Labrador]], Canada. '''United States''' * The town of [[Livingston, California]] * [[Livingstone College]], Salisbury, North Carolina. * Livingstone Adventist Academy, [[Salem, Oregon]]. * Livingston Falls, Busch Gardens, Tampa Bay ===South America=== *The Livingstone Healthservice in Jardín América, Misiones, Argentina is named in his honour.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.accc-ja.com/0000009f7f0a5e705/0000009ff00e61617/index.html |title=Livingstone Healthservice |access-date=7 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104452/http://www.accc-ja.com/0000009f7f0a5e705/0000009ff00e61617/index.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Banknotes=== In 1971–1998 Livingstone's image was portrayed on [[Banknotes of the pound sterling|£10 notes]] issued by the [[Clydesdale Bank]]. He was originally shown surrounded by palm tree leaves with an illustration of African [[tribesmen]] on the back.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aes.iupui.edu/rwise/banknotes/scotland/ScotlandP213a-10Pounds-1982-donatedth_b.jpg |title=Clydesdale 10 Pounds, 1982 |publisher=Ron Wise's Banknoteworld |access-date=15 October 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021212133/http://aes.iupui.edu/rwise/banknotes/scotland/ScotlandP213a-10Pounds-1982-donatedth_b.jpg |archive-date=21 October 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> A later issue showed Livingstone against a background graphic of a map of Livingstone's Zambezi expedition, showing the [[Zambezi|River Zambezi]], [[Victoria Falls, Zambia|Victoria Falls]], [[Lake Nyasa]] and [[Blantyre, Malawi]]; on the reverse, the African figures were replaced with an image of Livingstone's birthplace in [[Blantyre, South Lanarkshire|Blantyre]], Scotland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aes.iupui.edu/rwise/banknotes/scotland/ScotlandP214-10Pounds-1990-donatedth_f.jpg |title=Clydesdale 10 Pounds, 1990 |publisher=Ron Wise's Banknoteworld |access-date=15 October 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021212114/http://aes.iupui.edu/rwise/banknotes/scotland/ScotlandP214-10Pounds-1990-donatedth_f.jpg |archive-date=21 October 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> ===Science=== The following species have been named in honour of David Livingstone: * Livingston's cichlid, ''[[Nimbochromis livingstonii]]'' * Livingstone's eland, ''[[Taurotragus oryx]] livingstonii'' * [[Livingstone's fruit bat]], ''Pteropus livingstonii'' The mineral [[livingstonite]] is named in his honor.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Barcena |first1=M |title=On livingstonite, a new mineral |journal=American Journal of Science |date=1874 |volume=108 |pages=145–146}}</ref> It was described in 1874 from Mexico. ==Portrayal in film and books== * Livingstone has been portrayed by [[M.A. Wetherell]] in [[Livingstone (film)|''Livingstone'']] (1925), [[Percy Marmont]] in [[David Livingstone (film)|''David Livingstone'']] (1936), Sir [[Cedric Hardwicke]] in ''[[Stanley and Livingstone]]'' (1939), [[Bernard Hill]] in [[Mountains of the Moon (film)|''Mountains of the Moon'']] (1990) and Sir [[Nigel Hawthorne]] in the TV movie ''Forbidden Territory'' (1997).<ref>{{IMDb title|id=0132972|title=Forbidden Territory: Stanley's Search for Livingstone (1997)}}</ref> * [[Marvel Comics]]' ''[[Young Allies (Marvel Comics)|The Young Allies]]'' #2 featured an explorer named "Martin Livingstone" who discovered a new territory he dubbed "New America" and claimed it for the United States. [[Bucky Barnes]] greets him with the famous, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" The story was at least partially drawn by [[Ernie Hart]], but the writer is unknown--[[Otto Binder]] had written the preceding issue and [[Stan Lee]] the following one.<ref>Stan Lee, Otto Binder, et al. ''[[Marvel Masterworks]]: Young Allies''. New York: Marvel Publishing, 2009.</ref> * The 1949 [[comedy film]] ''[[Africa Screams]]'' is the story of a dimwitted clerk named Stanley Livington (played by [[Lou Costello]]), who is mistaken for a famous African explorer and recruited to lead a treasure hunt. The character's name appears to be a play on Stanley and Livingstone. * Stanley Livingston, played by [[Mort Marshall]], whose name invokes both Stanley and David Livingtone, was the zoo director on ''[[Tennessee Tuxedo and His Tales]]'', a 1963-66 animated series. * ''Out of Darkness, Shining Light'' (2019) by [[Petina Gappah]] is a fictionalized account of how Livingstone's body, papers, and maps traveled 1,500 miles across the continent of Africa, so his remains could be returned to England and his work preserved there. ==In popular culture== In the 1940 [[Warner Bros.]] [[Looney Tunes]] cartoon "[[Africa Squeaks]]", a caricature of [[Spencer Tracy]] as [[Henry Morton Stanley]] erroneously presumes Porky Pig to be Livingstone in the heart of "Darkest Africa". The [[Moody Blues]] 1968 single [[Dr. Livingstone, I Presume (song)|"Dr. Livingstone, I Presume"]] paints the adventures of Livingstone, [[Captain Scott]], and [[Christopher Columbus|Columbus]] with the refrain "What did you find there? Did you stand awhile and stare? Did you meet anyone?", followed by a repeated chorus of "We're all looking for someone". The ABBA song "[[What About Livingstone?|What about Livingstone?]]"<ref name="Sheridan2012">{{cite book|last1=Sheridan|first1=Simon|title=The Complete ABBA|date=2012|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=978-0857687241|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=glQ4CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT69|page=69|edition=40th Anniversary}}</ref> mentions Livingstone "traveling up the Nile". Livingstone made 4 great journeys into Africa, three of them starting in Cape Town, South Africa and the last at Zanzibar. None of the routes traveled on the Nile which lay far to the north. He may have crossed sections of the headwaters of Nile on his final expedition but he would not have known so as these areas were not considered in the Nile watershed until much later. A song from American [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] band [[Alcatrazz]] called Jet to Jet from 1983's [[No Parole from Rock 'n' Roll]] contains the lyrics "Dr. Livingstone where are you, when We need you the most" which is in reference to the famed doctor and his expedition to [[Africa]]. Stanley's search for and discovery of Livingstone is the subject of the [[Hugh Masekela]] song "Witch Doctor" that appears on his 1976 album, ''[[Colonial Man]]''. ==Wonaniso== *[[Thomas Baines]] *[[John Kirk (explorer)|John Kirk]] *[[Livingstone Inland Mission]] *[[History of Christianity in Zambia]] ==Ukaboni== ===Notes=== {{notelist}} ===Citations=== {{reflist}} ===Sources and further reading=== {{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}} * Austin, Alvyn. "Discovering Livingstone" ''Christian History'' (1997) 16#4 pp.&nbsp;10–19. * Dritsas, Lawrence. ''Zambesi: David Livingstone and expeditionary science in Africa'' (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2020). *{{cite book|last=Dugard|first=Martin |title=Into Africa: The Epic Adventures Of Stanley And Livingstone|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X5xM29LaRZQC&pg=PA384|year=2012|publisher=Transworld|isbn=978-1-4464-3720-9}} *{{cite book|last=Dugard|first=Martin |title=The Explorers: A Story of Fearless Outcasts, Blundering Geniuses, and Impossible Success|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_HumAwAAQBAJ|year=2014|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-4516-7757-7}} * Gooding, Philip. "David Livingstone, UNESCO, and Nation-Building in 19th-21st-Century Scotland and East and Central Africa." ''Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies'' 5.2 (2021): 243–269. [https://jiows.mcgill.ca/article/view/117/72 online] * Groop, Kim Stefan. "Exploring Africa in the Nordic Press: David Livingstone, Henry Stanley and the Popular Fascination with Exploration and Adventure in Africa in the Late 19th Century." in ''Modernity, Frontiers and Revolutions: Proceedings of the 4th International Multidisciplinary Congress'' (CRC Press, 2018). [https://www.academia.edu/download/57545041/Grooop_-_Exploring_Africa.pdf online]{{dead link|date=May 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * Holmes, Timothy (1993). ''Journey to Livingstone: Exploration of an Imperial Myth''. Edinburgh: Canongate Press. {{ISBN|978-0-86241-402-3}}; scholarly biography *{{cite book|first=Tim|last=Jeal|author-link=Tim Jeal|title=Livingstone|url=https://archive.org/details/livingstone0000unse_i2j7|year=1973|publisher=[[Heinemann (book publisher)|Heinemann]]|location=London|isbn=978-0-434-37208-9}}, scholarly biography * {{cite book|last=Jeal|first= Tim |url=https://archive.org/details/livingstone00jeal |date=1973b |title=Livingstone |location=New York |publisher=G. P. Putnum's Sons|isbn= 9780399112157 |lccn=73-82030}}, first American edition * {{cite book|last=Jeal|first=Tim|author-link=Tim Jeal |title=Livingstone: Revised and Expanded Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HcDR7nTiVAYC|year=2013|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-19100-4}} * Kilbride, Daniel. "The Old South Confronts the Dilemma of David Livingstone." ''Journal of Southern History'' (2016) 82#4 p789-822; how he was seen in the American South. * Lewis, Joanna. ''Empire of sentiment: the death of Livingstone and the myth of Victorian imperialism'' (Cambridge University Press, 2018) . * Liebenberg, Elri. "‘I Will Open a Path into the Interior (of Africa), or Perish’: David Livingstone and the Mapping of Africa." ''Cartographic Journal'' 58.1 (2021): 29-49. <!--*{{cite book|last=Livingstone|first=David|title=Journeys in South Africa, or Travels and Researches in South Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/travelsresearche00livi|orig-year=1857|year=1905|publisher=The Amalgamated Press Ltd.|location=London, UK}}--> *{{cite book|last=Livingstone|first=David |title=Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa: Including a Sketch of Sixteen Years' Residence in the Interior of Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33342/page/n3 |year=1857|publisher=Murray|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33342 Contents]}} * {{cite book | last1=Livingstone | first1=D. | last2=Livingstone | first2=C. | title=Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambesi and Its Tributaries: And of the Discovery of the Lakes Shirwa and Nyassa. 1858–1864 | publisher=Harper & Brothers | year=1866 | url=https://archive.org/details/narrativeanexpe03livigoog }} *{{cite book|last=Livingstone|first=David |editor-first=Horace |editor-last=Waller|editor-link=Horace Waller (activist)|title=The Last Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death: Continued by a Narrative of His Last Moments and Sufferings, Obtained from His Faithful Servants Chuma and Susi; in Two Volumes|url=https://archive.org/details/lastjournalsdav00livigoog|year=1874|publisher=J. Murray}} * Livingstone, David and James I. Macnair (eds) (1954). ''Livingstone's Travels''. London: J.M. Dent. * Livingstone, David (1999) [1875]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927214512/http://www.arlea.fr/article.php3?id_article=493&var_recherche=livingstone%2F ''Dernier Journal'']. Paris: [[Arléa]]; {{ISBN|2-86959-215-9}} {{in lang|fr}} * Livingstone, Justin D. "Livingstone’s Life & Expeditions." in Adrian S. Wisnicki and Megan Ward, eds. ''Livingstone Online'' (2015) [http://livingstoneonline.org/uuid/node/76ab1aa0-2bf4-4c42-adf7-c8c4ee960236 online]. * MacKenzie, John M. "David Livingstone, the Scottish cultural and political revival and the end of empire in Africa." in ''Scotland, empire and decolonisation in the twentieth century'' (Manchester University Press, 2017) pp.&nbsp;180–199. * [[Thomas Banks Maclachlan|Maclachlan, T. Banks.]] ''David Livingstone,'' Edinburgh: [[Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier]], 1901, ([[List of books for the "Famous Scots Series"|"Famous Scots Series"]]). * Martelli, George (1970). ''Livingstone's River: A History of the Zambezi Expedition'', 1858–1864. London: Chatto & Windus. {{ISBN|978-0-7011-1527-2}} * {{cite book|first=Jay|last=Milbrandt|title=The Daring Heart of David Livingstone: Exile, African Slavery, and the Publicity Stunt that Saved Millions|url=https://archive.org/details/daringheartofdav0000milb|year=2014|publisher=[[Thomas Nelson (book publisher)|Thomas Nelson]]|location=Nashville, TN|isbn=978-1-59555-592-2}} scholarly biography * [[Basil Joseph Mathews|Mathews, Basil Joseph]], ''Livingstone, the Pathfinder'', illustrated by [[Ernest Prater]] (Oxford and London: Henry Frowde Oxford University Press, 1913) * Mkenda, Festo. "A Protestant Verdict on the Jesuit Missionary Approach in Africa: David Livingstone and Memories of the Early Jesuit Presence in South Central Africa." in ''Encounters between Jesuits and Protestants in Africa'' (Brill, 2017). 59-79 [https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004347151/B9789004347151_006.xml online]. * Morrill, Leslie, and Madge Haines (1959). ''Livingstone, Trail Blazer for God''. Mountain View: Pacific Press Publication Association. * [[M. NourbeSe Philip|Philip, M. NourbeSe]] (1991). ''Looking for Livingstone: An Odyssey of Silence''. Stratford: The Mercury Press; {{ISBN|978-0-920544-88-4}} * Rea, W. F. "Livingstone's Rhodesian Legacy." '' History Today'' (Sept 1973), Vol. 23 Issue 9, pp.&nbsp;633–639 online. * {{cite book | last=Ross | first=Andrew | title=David Livingstone : Mission and Empire | publisher=Hambledon Continuum | publication-place=London | year=2002 | isbn= 978-1-85285-285-6 | oclc=}} * Rotberg, Robert I. "His Brother’s Keeper: Charles Livingstone and the ‘Failure’ of David Livingstone's Zambezi Expedition." ''Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History'' 47.1 (2019): 76-99. * Seaver, George. ''David Livingston: His Life and Letters'' (1957), a standard biography * Shepperson, George. "David Livingstone 1813–1873: a centenary assessment." ''Geographical Journal'' (1973): 205–219. {{doi|10.2307/1796089}} * Stanley, Henry M. ''How I Found Livingstone'' (1872) [https://archive.org/details/howifoundliving00stangoog famous primary source]. * Stuart, John. "David Livingstone, British Protestant missions, memory and empire." in Dominik Geppert, ed., ''Sites of imperial memory'' (Manchester University Press, 2016). * Waters, John (1996). ''David Livingstone: Trail Blazer''. Leicester: Inter-Varsity; {{ISBN|978-0-85111-170-4}} * Wisnicki, Adrian S. (2009). "Interstitial Cartographer: David Livingstone and the Invention of South Central Africa". ''Victorian Literature and Culture'' 37.1 (Mar.): 255–71. {{refend}} ==External links== * {{Commons category-inline|David Livingstone}} {{Wikiquote}} {{wikisource author}} {{EB1911|wstitle=Cameron, Verney Lovett|volume=5|page=109}} *[https://www.livingstoneonline.org/life-and-times/livingstone-s-life-expeditions Livingstone Online] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20170715215339/http://livingstone.library.ucla.edu/ Livingstone Spectral Imaging Project] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715215339/http://livingstone.library.ucla.edu/ |date=15 July 2017 }}. Many of Livingstone's original papers spectrally imaged. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080217151257/http://www.livingstoneonline.ucl.ac.uk/index.html Livingstone Online – Explore the manuscripts of David Livingstone] Images of original documents alongside transcribed, critically edited versions *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120401060253/http://ssa.nls.uk/film.cfm?fid=0192 David Livingstone (c. 1956)]. Archive film from the National Library of Scotland: Scottish Screen Archive * {{Gutenberg author |id=519| name=David Livingstone}} **''[[gutenberg:1039|Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa]]'' **''[https://gutenberg.org/etext/2519 A Popular Account of Dr Livingstone's Expedition to the Zambesi and its Tributaries] '' **''[https://gutenberg.org/etext/13262 The Personal Life of David Livingstone] '' * {{Internet Archive author |sname=David Livingstone}} *{{cite journal |publisher=Macmillan & Co. |pages=225–236 |year=1892 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0CMYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA225 |title=Dr. Livingston (obituary, Wed., 28 Jan. 1874) |journal=Eminent Persons: Biographies Reprinted from the Times. Vol. 1–6. D. Vol I, 1870–1875}} * [https://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/the-lost-diary-of-dr-livingstone-watch-the-full-episode/1157/ The Lost Diary of Dr. Livingstone] Documentary produced by the [[PBS]] Series [[Secrets of the Dead]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150309063629/http://www.rhodesia.me.uk/VictoriaFalls.htm How Livingstone discovered the Falls. by J. Desmond Clark M.A. PH.D. F.S.A. Curator of the Rhodes-Livingstone Museum. 1955] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170413235642/http://labs.jstor.org/zambezi/?cid=soc_JSTORedu Interactive map of Livingstone's Zambezi expedition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170413235642/http://labs.jstor.org/zambezi/?cid=soc_JSTORedu |date=13 April 2017 }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Livingstone, David}} [[Category:David Livingstone| ]] [[Category:1813 births]] [[Category:1873 deaths]] [[Category:Alumni of Charing Cross Medical School]] [[Category:Alumni of the University of Glasgow]] [[Category:Big cat attack victims]] [[Category:Burials at Westminster Abbey]] [[Category:Congregationalist missionaries in Africa]] [[Category:Deaths from dysentery]] [[Category:Deaths from malaria]] [[Category:Explorers of Africa]] [[Category:Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society]] [[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]] [[Category:Infectious disease deaths in Zambia]] [[Category:Medical missionaries]] [[Category:People from Blantyre, South Lanarkshire]] [[Category:Scottish Congregationalist missionaries]] [[Category:Scottish explorers]] [[Category:Scottish evangelicals]] [[Category:Deaths from bleeding]] [[Category:Scottish Congregationalist ministers]] tti6zt7lvbudi729fh2m3pryj1qevl4 0 47409 121655 120770 2026-09-05T06:36:19Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Koror''' ni msumba cha [[chigaŵa cha Koror]] kwa [[Palau]]. Mu 2024, ŵanthu ŵake ŵakukwana 12,676, ndipo pafupifupi hafu ya ŵanthu wose ŵa mu charu ichi ŵakukhala mu charu ichi.<ref>https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/101894212</ref> ==Vyachuma== Koror ndiyo yikuchitika chomene ku Palau ndipo kuli malo ghanandi ghakuchezgera, malo ghakuseŵelerapo usiku, malo ghakulyera, na mahotela. Boma ndilo likulembaso ntchito zinandi mu msumba uwu. Kuguliska tuna ku vyaru vinyake na kupanga copra ni vinthu vinyake viŵiri ivyo vikuchitika mu msumba uwu. Palau Continental Hotel ku Koror ndiyo yikaŵa hotelo yakwamba ya ŵalendo ku Palau nangauli vipinda vyake 56 vikaŵa vichoko kuluska vipinda 184 na vipinda 200 vya ku Saipan na Guam.{{citation needed}} ===Nyengo=== Koror ili na nyengo ya vula yakuzizima ([[Köppen]] ''Af'').<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190328191635/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=80419&cityname=Koror,+Palau</ref> Chiŵelengero cha mazuŵa agho ghakaŵa na nyengo yakuzizima pachanya pa 90°F chikakwera kufuma pa 46 pa chaka pakati pa 1952 na 1961, kufika pa 100 pa chaka kufuma mu 2009 na 2018. Chiŵelengero cha usiku uwo nyengo yikaŵa pasi pa 74°F chikakhira kufuma pa 40 pa chaka kufuma mu 1952 na 19232 kufuma pa 1920.<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep28813.5</ref> ==Vilembo vifupi== {{reflist}} [[Category:Palau]] g0fwfw9fw9hebkffbio40pnp6c1uzhk 10 47794 121239 116923 2026-08-30T04:31:38Z en>Axolitl 0 add __EXPECTSHORTPAGE__ 121239 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} |{{safesubst:<noinclude />#switch:{{{1}}} | __NOTOC__ = [[:mw:Help:Magic words#NOTOC|__NOTO<nowiki />C__]] | __FORCETOC__ = [[:mw:Help:Magic words#FORCETOC|__FORC<nowiki />ETOC__]] | __TOC__ = [[:mw:Help:Magic words#TOC|__T<nowiki />OC__]] | __NOEDITSECTION__ = [[:mw:Help:Magic words#NOEDITSECTION|__NOEDI<nowiki />TSEC<nowiki />TION__]] | __NEWSECTIONLINK__ = [[:mw:Help:Magic words#NEWSECTIONLINK|__NE<nowiki />WSECTI<nowiki />ONLI<nowiki />NK__]] | __NONEWSECTIONLINK__ = [[:mw:Help:Magic words#NONEWSECTIONLINK|__NONE<nowiki />WSECTI<nowiki />ONLI<nowiki />NK__]] | 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works | noexternallanglinks = mw:Extension:Wikibase Client | noreplace = mw:Extension:Wikibase Client | pendingchangelevel = mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs | #property = d:Wikidata:How to use data on Wikimedia projects | #statements = d:Wikidata:How to use data on Wikimedia projects | #target = mw:Extension:MassMessage | #default = mw:Help:Magic words#{{{1}}} }} }}|{{{1}}}]]{{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{2|a}}}|{{{2|b}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />Encodefirst|:}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:for nowiki|template|{{!}}|<nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki>|offset=1}}{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:For each named parameter|main||<nowiki>|{{{name}}}={{{value}}}</nowiki>}}&#125;&#125; }} |{{Error|Error: No magic word was provided.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 38fbksvy6gusx5gddkv1bi22vbnexne 121240 121239 2026-09-04T22:14:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Magic_word_link]] 121239 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude 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/>#ifeq:{{{2|a}}}|{{{2|b}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />Encodefirst|:}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:for nowiki|template|{{!}}|<nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki>|offset=1}}{{safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:For each named parameter|main||<nowiki>|{{{name}}}={{{value}}}</nowiki>}}&#125;&#125; }} |{{Error|Error: No magic word was provided.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 38fbksvy6gusx5gddkv1bi22vbnexne 0 48618 121659 119528 2026-09-05T07:02:23Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{good article}} {{Databox}} '''Lodwar '''ni msumba yikuru chomene kumpoto chakumanjiliro gha dazi kwa [[Kenya]], iyo yili kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Turkana pa msewu wa A1. Mafakitale ghakuru ni kuluka mabasiketi na vya maulendo. Mapiri gha Loima ghali kumanjiliro gha dazi. Lodwar ndi msumba ukuru wa [[Turkana County, Kenya|chigaŵa cha Turkana]]. Msumba iyi yikaŵa na ŵanthu 82,970 pa kalembero ka 2019.<ref>https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units&wpdmdl=5728&ind=MT12f0IDWVM-a0J2dc3Xi42qelbruMwR0a7XIWb0iAwnedEVNBjd_1FEwMun_eI5</ref> ==Mbiri== Kuyana na buku la ''Insider’s Guide to Kenya'', mdauko wa Lodwar ukamba pafupifupi mu 1933 apo malonda munyake zina lake Shah Mohamed wakafika mumphepete mwa Mlonga wa Turkwell. Misewu yikaŵa yiheni, ntheura wakiza na mbunda. Paumaliro wakazenga malo ghakuchitiramo malonda ghambura kumara ku Lodwar, kusazgapo malo ghakuguliskira mafuta. Ŵakazenga ofesi ya mulaŵiliri wa chigaŵa, ndipo pamanyuma pake ŵakazenga chipatala chichoko na jele la boma. Ŵakazenga likuru la ŵapolisi ku Lokitaung, chifukwa ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaŵanga na mphindano za mafuko mu chigaŵa ichi. Mu vilimika vya m’ma 1960, ŵamishonale ŵakazenga masukulu mu msumba iyi na kuzingilizga. Shah Mohamed wakajura masitolo ghanandi mu mamsumba ghakutali gha Turkana County chifukwa ndiyo yekha wakagwiranga ntchito ya kupanga makontrakitala na kupeleka katundu ku madipatimenti gha boma, wakayeghanga makalata ku malo agha, ndipo wakapelekanga na kunyamura katundu ku ntchito ya kupanga somba mu viŵiya vya ku Norway na Italy pa Nyanja ya Turkana (vyose vikatondeka pamanyuma). Mu nyengo ya ŵakoloni, Lodwar wakagwiranga nchito nga ni malo ghakujumphapo gha ŵalara ŵa boma la Britain awo ŵakasunkhunyanga ŵakayidi ŵandyali ŵa ku Kenya ku mpoto. Jomo Kenyatta, pulezidenti wakwamba wa Kenya, wakakanizgika kukhala mu jele mu nyumba kwa vilimika viŵiri ku Lodwar, kwamba mu 1959. Msumba iyi yikaŵa kuti yamanyikwa kuti ni malo ghakutali chomene agho ghali kutali chomene na Kenya yose, kweni mu vyaka vyasonosono apa Lodwar wakukura ndipo wakumanyikwa chomene pa nkhani ya malonda na chuma. ==Kuwoneseska mwakudumura== [[File:Lodwar Kenya landing2010.JPG|thumb|Kuwona kwa Lodwar apo mukukhira]] Lodwar yikuwoneka kuti ni msumba ukuru wa chigaŵa ichi, ndipo muli malo gha boma na gha boma, kusazgapo malo ghakuru gha umoyo gha ku Turkana na chipatala chikuru cha kutumizga ŵanthu, Lodwar County Hospital (LDH).<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110727212955/http://www.rescue-uk.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Reports/IRC_LivingOn_online-1_01.pdf</ref> Kweniso ni mpando wa Dayosizi ya Katolika ya Roma ya Lodwar. Msumba iyi yikuteŵetereka na ndege ya Lodwar. Siteshoni ya magesi ya Turkana Geothermal yikuzengeka kufuma mu 2026 pafupifupi makilomita 170 kutali.<ref>https://geothermalresourcescouncil.blogspot.com/2017/11/kenya-geothermal_9.html</ref> ==Nyengo== Lodwar ili na nyengo yakutentha ya mapopa ([[kugaŵika kwa nyengo ya Köppen]] ''BWh'') iyo yili na nyengo yakutentha chomene ndiposo vula yichoko chomene chaka chose. Avereji ya vula pa chaka ili pafupifupi 210 mm (8.27 in). Lodwar ili na nyengo ya zuŵa comene cilimika cose, ndipo zuŵa likuŵa pafupifupi maora 3,600 pa cilimika. <div style="width:100%"> {{Weather box |location = Lodwar (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1920–present) |single line = Yes |metric first = Yes |Jan record high C = 39.8 |Feb record high C = 40.0 |Mar record high C = 40.6 |Apr record high C = 40.3 |May record high C = 39.0 |Jun record high C = 37.4 |Jul record high C = 38.3 |Aug record high C = 37.0 |Sep record high C = 39.0 |Oct record high C = 38.4 |Nov record high C = 39.9 |Dec record high C = 39.3 |year record high C = 40.6 |Jan high C = 36.4 |Feb high C = 37.5 |Mar high C = 37.1 |Apr high C = 35.9 |May high C = 35.6 |Jun high C = 34.6 |Jul high C = 33.8 |Aug high C = 34.3 |Sep high C = 35.6 |Oct high C = 35.9 |Nov high C = 35.4 |Dec high C = 35.5 |year high C = |Jan mean C = 29.3 |Feb mean C = 30.2 |Mar mean C = 30.6 |Apr mean C = 30.2 |May mean C = 30.3 |Jun mean C = 29.6 |Jul mean C = 29.1 |Aug mean C = 29.5 |Sep mean C = 30.4 |Oct mean C = 30.7 |Nov mean C = 29.8 |Dec mean C = 29.0 |year mean C = |Jan low C = 22.1 |Feb low C = 22.9 |Mar low C = 24.0 |Apr low C = 24.7 |May low C = 25.2 |Jun low C = 24.5 |Jul low C = 24.4 |Aug low C = 24.6 |Sep low C = 25.2 |Oct low C = 25.4 |Nov low C = 24.0 |Dec low C = 22.3 |year low C = |Jan record low C = 15.0 |Feb record low C = 12.6 |Mar record low C = 15.2 |Apr record low C = 14.3 |May record low C = 15.5 |Jun record low C = 17.4 |Jul record low C = 18.6 |Aug record low C = 19.2 |Sep record low C = 19.2 |Oct record low C = 15.3 |Nov record low C = 13.5 |Dec record low C = 14.5 |year record low C = 12.6 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 8.6 |Feb precipitation mm = 9.5 |Mar precipitation mm = 18.9 |Apr precipitation mm = 58.0 |May precipitation mm = 21.3 |Jun precipitation mm = 7.6 |Jul precipitation mm = 20.2 |Aug precipitation mm = 8.9 |Sep precipitation mm = 5.1 |Oct precipitation mm = 10.2 |Nov precipitation mm = 28.4 |Dec precipitation mm = 14.0 |year precipitation mm = 210.7 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 1 |Feb precipitation days = 1 |Mar precipitation days = 2 |Apr precipitation days = 4 |May precipitation days = 2 |Jun precipitation days = 1 |Jul precipitation days = 2 |Aug precipitation days = 1 |Sep precipitation days = 1 |Oct precipitation days = 1 |Nov precipitation days = 2 |Dec precipitation days = 1 |year precipitation days = 19 |Jan humidity = 38 |Feb humidity = 39 |Mar humidity = 41 |Apr humidity = 50 |May humidity = 50 |Jun humidity = 47 |Jul humidity = 48 |Aug humidity = 46 |Sep humidity = 42 |Oct humidity = 41 |Nov humidity = 44 |Dec humidity = 41 |year humidity = 44 |Jan sun = 316.2 |Feb sun = 271.6 |Mar sun = 288.3 |Apr sun = 258.0 |May sun = 310.0 |Jun sun = 306.0 |Jul sun = 306.9 |Aug sun = 306.9 |Sep sun = 306.0 |Oct sun = 306.9 |Nov sun = 288.0 |Dec sun = 313.1 |year sun = 3577.9 |Jand sun = 10.2 |Febd sun = 9.7 |Mard sun = 9.3 |Aprd sun = 8.6 |Mayd sun = 10.0 |Jund sun = 10.2 |Juld sun = 9.9 |Augd sun = 9.9 |Sepd sun = 10.2 |Octd sun = 9.9 |Novd sun = 9.6 |Decd sun = 10.1 |yeard sun = |source 1 = NOAA (precipitation and sun 1961–1990)<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/KN/63612.TXT | title = Lodwar Climate Normals 1961–1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201031082827/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/KN/63612.TXT | archive-date = 2020-10-31 | url-status = dead | access-date = July 6, 2015}}</ref> |source 2 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (humidity 1961–1990),<ref name = DWD> {{cite web | url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_636120_kt.pdf | title = Klimatafel von Lodwar / Kenia | work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | language = de | access-date = August 31, 2016}}</ref> Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)<ref name = meteoclimat> {{cite web | url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=1760 | title = Station Lodwar | publisher = Meteo Climat |language = fr | access-date = August 31, 2016}}</ref> }} </div> ==Vinthu viheni== Ŵanthu pafupifupi 35 peresenti pera ŵa ku Lodwar ndiwo ŵali na magesi mu nyumba zawo. Lodwar Alluvial Aquifer ili na ndondomeko ziŵiri zapadera kumafumiro gha dazi na kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa musumba wa Lodwar, ku vigaŵa vyose viŵiri vya Mlonga wa Turkwel. Pafupifupi 1.3 biliyoni cubic metres yingasungika pano na pafupifupi 10% iyo yingaseŵezeskeka kwambura kupangiska masuzgo ghambura kuzomerezgeka gha chilengiwa, chuma na umoyo.<ref>https://reachwater.uk/ecr-feature-groundwater-is-a-vital-invisible-resource-to-use-it-we-need-to-better-understand-it-and-make-it-visible/</ref> Pali maji ghambura kunyang’amira gha pasi mu chigaŵa ichi agho ghali na maji ghawemi ghakumwa, nangauli ŵanthu ŵakusoŵa maji nyengo na nyengo ndipo ivi vikupangiska kuti viŵeto vifwe. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuŵa ŵaliska ŵakukhala mu malo ghakupambanapambana. ==Ukaboni== {{Reflist}} * Elizabeth Watkins, ''Jomo's Jailor – Grand Warrior of Kenya''. (1993) Mulberry Books {{ISBN|978-0-9528952-0-6}} {{Authority control}} {{Coord|03|07|00|N| 35|36|00|E|region:KE_type:city|display=title}} [[Category:Kenya]] gvoviu9w2eks6kzr1yqbwkiy5i9xpqg 0 48705 121622 120141 2026-09-05T01:19:31Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Purge page button (feel free to remove if you'd like) 121622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Clickable button|Special:Purge/Jani likulu|Purge this page|class=mw-ui-progressive}} <templatestyles src="Wikipedia:Main Page/styles.css" /> {{Chiphapha cha panthazi}} <templatestyles src="Main Page/minerva.css" />__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ {| style="width:100%; background:#eef7f3; border:1px solid #cfe4dc; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:12px;" | style="padding:16px; text-align:center;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#0b6b4f; margin-bottom:8px;"> </div> |} {| style="width:100%; border:0; background:transparent; margin:0;" | style="width:50%; padding-right:7px; vertical-align:top;" | <!-- FEATURED ARTICLE --> {| style="width:100%; 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line-height:1.6; background:#fbf7fe;" | <div id="mp-otd"> {{Wikipedia:Mndandanda wa nyengo za vyakuchitika/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} </div> |} |} <!-- ========================================================= UNCONTACTED TRIBES + PLACES TO DISCOVER ========================================================= --> {| style="width:100%; border:0; background:transparent; margin:0 0 14px 0;" | style="width:50%; padding-right:7px; vertical-align:top;" | <!-- UNCONTACTED TRIBES --> {| style="width:100%; background:#f8f4fc; border:1px solid #d8c5e8; border-left:5px solid #7b4fa3; border-radius:12px; margin:0;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#f8f4fc;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:People icon.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu </div> |- | style="padding:15px; line-height:1.6; background:#fcf9ff;" | {{Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} |} | style="width:50%; padding-left:7px; vertical-align:top;" | <!-- PLACES TO DISCOVER --> {| style="width:100%; background:#edf9f7; border:1px solid #b9ddd5; border-left:5px solid #159a8a; border-radius:12px; margin:0;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#edf9f7;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:P globe.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Malo ghakuzizwiska </div> |- | style="padding:15px; line-height:1.6; background:#f6fcfb;" | {{Wikipedia:Malo ghakuziziswa/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} |} |} <!-- ========================================================= IMAGE OF THE DAY ========================================================= --> {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f6f8; border:1px solid #ccd3d9; border-left:5px solid #72777d; border-radius:12px; margin:0 0 14px 0;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#f4f6f8;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:Photo icon.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Chithuzi cha mwahuno </div> |- | style="padding:16px; text-align:center; background:#fafbfc;" | {{Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} |} <!-- ========================================================= RELATED WIKIPEDIA IN AFRICA ========================================================= --> {| style="width:100%; background:#f8f8f8; border:1px solid #d2d2d2; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:14px;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#f8f8f8;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:P globe.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Wikipediya zinyake zamu Afilika </div> |- | style="padding:15px; background:#fcfcfc;" | {{Wikipedia:Wikipediya zinyake zamu Afilika}} |} {{purgepage}} 58p56x6fnszkputtknoww9fx76c9322 121623 121622 2026-09-05T01:19:57Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Just saw theres already a button 121623 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Wikipedia:Main Page/styles.css" /> {{Chiphapha cha panthazi}} <templatestyles src="Main Page/minerva.css" />__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ {| style="width:100%; background:#eef7f3; border:1px solid #cfe4dc; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:12px;" | style="padding:16px; text-align:center;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#0b6b4f; margin-bottom:8px;"> </div> |} {| style="width:100%; border:0; background:transparent; margin:0;" | style="width:50%; padding-right:7px; vertical-align:top;" | <!-- FEATURED ARTICLE --> {| style="width:100%; background:#eef9f3; border:1px solid #a8d5c1; border-left:5px solid #159570; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:14px;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#eef9f3;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:Newspaper.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Nkhani ya mwahuno </div> |- | style="padding:14px; line-height:1.6; background:#f3fbf7;" | <div id="mp-tfa"> {{Wikipedia:Nkhani yamwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} </div> |} <!-- DID YOU KNOW --> {| style="width:100%; background:#edf6ff; border:1px solid #b7d2ea; border-left:5px solid #3684c6; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:14px;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#edf6ff;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:Lightbulb.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Kasi mukumanya? </div> |- | style="padding:14px; line-height:1.6; background:#f4f9ff;" | <div id="mp-dyk"> {{Wikipedia:Kasi mukumanya mu ChiTumbuka?/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} </div> |} | style="width:50%; padding-left:7px; vertical-align:top;" | <!-- TODAY --> {| style="width:100%; background:#fff7e7; border:1px solid #ead3a5; border-left:5px solid #e19a27; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:14px;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#fff7e7;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:Calendar-icon.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Pa dazi ili </div> |- | style="padding:14px; line-height:1.6; background:#fffaf0;" | <div id="mp-itn"> {{Wikipedia:Pa siku la mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} </div> |} <!-- ON THIS DAY --> {| style="width:100%; background:#f7f0fc; border:1px solid #d8c5e8; border-left:5px solid #8b63b6; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:14px;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#f7f0fc;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:History.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Mbili ya vyakuchitika </div> |- | style="padding:14px; line-height:1.6; background:#fbf7fe;" | <div id="mp-otd"> {{Wikipedia:Mndandanda wa nyengo za vyakuchitika/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} </div> |} |} <!-- ========================================================= UNCONTACTED TRIBES + PLACES TO DISCOVER ========================================================= --> {| style="width:100%; border:0; background:transparent; margin:0 0 14px 0;" | style="width:50%; padding-right:7px; vertical-align:top;" | <!-- UNCONTACTED TRIBES --> {| style="width:100%; background:#f8f4fc; border:1px solid #d8c5e8; border-left:5px solid #7b4fa3; border-radius:12px; margin:0;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#f8f4fc;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:People icon.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu </div> |- | style="padding:15px; line-height:1.6; background:#fcf9ff;" | {{Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} |} | style="width:50%; padding-left:7px; vertical-align:top;" | <!-- PLACES TO DISCOVER --> {| style="width:100%; background:#edf9f7; border:1px solid #b9ddd5; border-left:5px solid #159a8a; border-radius:12px; margin:0;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#edf9f7;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:P globe.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Malo ghakuzizwiska </div> |- | style="padding:15px; line-height:1.6; background:#f6fcfb;" | {{Wikipedia:Malo ghakuziziswa/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} |} |} <!-- ========================================================= IMAGE OF THE DAY ========================================================= --> {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f6f8; border:1px solid #ccd3d9; border-left:5px solid #72777d; border-radius:12px; margin:0 0 14px 0;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#f4f6f8;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:Photo icon.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Chithuzi cha mwahuno </div> |- | style="padding:16px; text-align:center; background:#fafbfc;" | {{Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}/{{CURRENTDAY}}}} |} <!-- ========================================================= RELATED WIKIPEDIA IN AFRICA ========================================================= --> {| style="width:100%; background:#f8f8f8; border:1px solid #d2d2d2; border-radius:12px; margin-bottom:14px;" |- | style="padding:8px 12px 4px 12px; background:#f8f8f8;" | <div style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; color:#202122; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-bottom:3px;"> [[File:P globe.svg|18px|link=]]&nbsp; Wikipediya zinyake zamu Afilika </div> |- | style="padding:15px; background:#fcfcfc;" | {{Wikipedia:Wikipediya zinyake zamu Afilika}} |} {{purgepage}} dllemklr7v6wglihi231zgnngrbk4zv 2 49342 120942 2026-09-04T12:33:00Z Viyowoyelo-vya-Malawi 12144 Created page with "This account is a '''[[:en:Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry#Doppelg%C3%A4nger_accounts|doppelgänger account]]''' created by '''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]],''' an established user, to prevent impersonation by vandals. Please see their '''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk page]]''' for relevant discussion. You can also view Viyowoyelo-vya-Malawi's edit count by [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/ec/tum.wikipedia/Viyowoyelo-vya-Malawi clicking here]." 120942 wikitext text/x-wiki This account is a '''[[:en:Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry#Doppelg%C3%A4nger_accounts|doppelgänger account]]''' created by '''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]],''' an established user, to prevent impersonation by vandals. Please see their '''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|talk page]]''' for relevant discussion. You can also view Viyowoyelo-vya-Malawi's edit count by [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/ec/tum.wikipedia/Viyowoyelo-vya-Malawi clicking here]. 5psazzthou9vkwam8jtuziciu9q51jk 3 49343 120943 2026-09-04T12:34:09Z Viyowoyelo-vya-Malawi 12144 Redirected page to [[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] 120943 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] a54dcweljle0yytidsrwoetwk56etp7 1 49344 120944 2026-09-04T12:42:09Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49345 120945 2026-09-04T12:42:35Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49346 120946 2026-09-04T12:42:57Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49347 120947 2026-09-04T12:43:13Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49348 120948 2026-09-04T12:43:30Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49349 120949 2026-09-04T12:43:45Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49350 120950 2026-09-04T12:44:01Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49351 120951 2026-09-04T12:44:20Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49352 120952 2026-09-04T12:44:40Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49353 120953 2026-09-04T12:44:59Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49354 120954 2026-09-04T12:45:19Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49355 120955 2026-09-04T12:46:00Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49356 120956 2026-09-04T12:46:20Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49357 120957 2026-09-04T12:46:36Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49358 120958 2026-09-04T12:47:06Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49359 120959 2026-09-04T12:48:28Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49360 120960 2026-09-04T12:48:45Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120960 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49361 120961 2026-09-04T12:49:01Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49362 120962 2026-09-04T12:49:22Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49363 120963 2026-09-04T12:49:39Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49364 120964 2026-09-04T12:50:00Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49365 120965 2026-09-04T13:47:23Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49366 120966 2026-09-04T13:48:01Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49367 120967 2026-09-04T13:48:16Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 121614 120967 2026-09-05T00:48:32Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Chipeli]] to [[Talk:ChiPeli]] 120967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49368 120968 2026-09-04T13:48:31Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49369 120969 2026-09-04T14:05:03Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49370 120970 2026-09-04T14:05:18Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49371 120972 2026-09-04T14:11:58Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 120972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 10 49372 120975 2026-08-30T17:26:45Z en>Primefac 0 /* top */ clean up post-move 120975 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Protected page|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> be35s04n7ulj8q1ihft9660mipq8pnb 120976 120975 2026-09-04T22:03:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Template-protected]] 120975 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Protected page|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> be35s04n7ulj8q1ihft9660mipq8pnb 828 49373 120977 2026-08-30T17:24:01Z en>Primefac 0 update /config call 120977 Scribunto text/plain -- This module implements {{pp-meta}} and its daughter templates such as -- {{pp-dispute}}, {{pp-vandalism}} and {{pp-sock}}. -- Initialise necessary modules. require('strict') local makeFileLink = require('Module:File link')._main local effectiveProtectionLevel = require('Module:Effective protection level')._main local effectiveProtectionExpiry = require('Module:Effective protection expiry')._main local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') -- Lazily initialise modules and objects we don't always need. local getArgs, makeMessageBox, lang -- Set constants. local CONFIG_MODULE = 'Module:Protected page/config' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Helper functions -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local function makeCategoryLink(cat, sort) if cat then return string.format( '[[%s:%s|%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[14].name, cat, sort ) end end -- Validation function for the expiry and the protection date local function validateDate(dateString, dateType) if not lang then lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage() end local success, result = pcall(lang.formatDate, lang, 'U', dateString) if success then result = tonumber(result) if result then return result end end error(string.format( 'invalid %s: %s', dateType, tostring(dateString) ), 4) end local function makeFullUrl(page, query, display) return string.format( '[%s %s]', tostring(mw.uri.fullUrl(page, query)), display ) end -- Given a directed graph formatted as node -> table of direct successors, -- get a table of all nodes reachable from a given node (though always -- including the given node). local function getReachableNodes(graph, start) local toWalk, retval = {[start] = true}, {} while true do -- Can't use pairs() since we're adding and removing things as we're iterating local k = next(toWalk) -- This always gets the "first" key if k == nil then return retval end toWalk[k] = nil retval[k] = true for _,v in ipairs(graph[k]) do if not retval[v] then toWalk[v] = true end end end end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Protection = {} Protection.__index = Protection Protection.supportedActions = { edit = true, move = true, autoreview = true, upload = true } Protection.bannerConfigFields = { 'text', 'explanation', 'tooltip', 'alt', 'link', 'image' } function Protection.new(args, cfg, title) local obj = {} obj._cfg = cfg obj.title = title or mw.title.getCurrentTitle() -- Set action if not args.action then obj.action = 'edit' elseif Protection.supportedActions[args.action] then obj.action = args.action else error(string.format( 'invalid action: %s', tostring(args.action) ), 3) end -- Set level obj.level = args.demolevel or effectiveProtectionLevel(obj.action, obj.title) if not obj.level or (obj.action == 'move' and obj.level == 'autoconfirmed') then -- Users need to be autoconfirmed to move pages anyway, so treat -- semi-move-protected pages as unprotected. obj.level = '*' end -- Set expiry local effectiveExpiry = effectiveProtectionExpiry(obj.action, obj.title) if effectiveExpiry == 'infinity' then obj.expiry = 'indef' elseif effectiveExpiry ~= 'unknown' then obj.expiry = validateDate(effectiveExpiry, 'expiry date') end -- Set reason if args[1] then obj.reason = mw.ustring.lower(args[1]) if obj.reason:find('|') then error('reasons cannot contain the pipe character ("|")', 3) end end -- Set protection date if args.date then obj.protectionDate = validateDate(args.date, 'protection date') end -- Set banner config do obj.bannerConfig = {} local configTables = {} if cfg.banners[obj.action] then configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.banners[obj.action][obj.reason] end if cfg.defaultBanners[obj.action] then configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.defaultBanners[obj.action][obj.level] configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.defaultBanners[obj.action].default end configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.masterBanner for i, field in ipairs(Protection.bannerConfigFields) do for j, t in ipairs(configTables) do if t[field] then obj.bannerConfig[field] = t[field] break end end end end return setmetatable(obj, Protection) end function Protection:isUserScript() -- Whether the page is a user JavaScript or CSS page. local title = self.title return title.namespace == 2 and ( title.contentModel == 'javascript' or title.contentModel == 'css' ) end function Protection:isProtected() return self.level ~= '*' end function Protection:shouldShowLock() -- Whether we should output a banner/padlock return self:isProtected() and not self:isUserScript() end -- Whether this page needs a protection category. Protection.shouldHaveProtectionCategory = Protection.shouldShowLock function Protection:isTemporary() return type(self.expiry) == 'number' end function Protection:makeProtectionCategory() if not self:shouldHaveProtectionCategory() then return '' end local cfg = self._cfg local title = self.title -- Get the expiry key fragment. local expiryFragment if self.expiry == 'indef' then expiryFragment = self.expiry elseif type(self.expiry) == 'number' then expiryFragment = 'temp' end -- Get the namespace key fragment. local namespaceFragment = cfg.categoryNamespaceKeys[title.namespace] if not namespaceFragment and title.namespace % 2 == 1 then namespaceFragment = 'talk' end -- Define the order that key fragments are tested in. This is done with an -- array of tables containing the value to be tested, along with its -- position in the cfg.protectionCategories table. local order = { {val = expiryFragment, keypos = 1}, {val = namespaceFragment, keypos = 2}, {val = self.reason, keypos = 3}, {val = self.level, keypos = 4}, {val = self.action, keypos = 5} } --[[ -- The old protection templates used an ad-hoc protection category system, -- with some templates prioritising namespaces in their categories, and -- others prioritising the protection reason. To emulate this in this module -- we use the config table cfg.reasonsWithNamespacePriority to set the -- reasons for which namespaces have priority over protection reason. -- If we are dealing with one of those reasons, move the namespace table to -- the end of the order table, i.e. give it highest priority. If not, the -- reason should have highest priority, so move that to the end of the table -- instead. --]] table.insert(order, table.remove(order, self.reason and cfg.reasonsWithNamespacePriority[self.reason] and 2 or 3)) --[[ -- Define the attempt order. Inactive subtables (subtables with nil "value" -- fields) are moved to the end, where they will later be given the key -- "all". This is to cut down on the number of table lookups in -- cfg.protectionCategories, which grows exponentially with the number of -- non-nil keys. We keep track of the number of active subtables with the -- noActive parameter. --]] local noActive, attemptOrder do local active, inactive = {}, {} for i, t in ipairs(order) do if t.val then active[#active + 1] = t else inactive[#inactive + 1] = t end end noActive = #active attemptOrder = active for i, t in ipairs(inactive) do attemptOrder[#attemptOrder + 1] = t end end --[[ -- Check increasingly generic key combinations until we find a match. If a -- specific category exists for the combination of key fragments we are -- given, that match will be found first. If not, we keep trying different -- key fragment combinations until we match using the key -- "all-all-all-all-all". -- -- To generate the keys, we index the key subtables using a binary matrix -- with indexes i and j. j is only calculated up to the number of active -- subtables. For example, if there were three active subtables, the matrix -- would look like this, with 0 corresponding to the key fragment "all", and -- 1 corresponding to other key fragments. -- -- j 1 2 3 -- i -- 1 1 1 1 -- 2 0 1 1 -- 3 1 0 1 -- 4 0 0 1 -- 5 1 1 0 -- 6 0 1 0 -- 7 1 0 0 -- 8 0 0 0 -- -- Values of j higher than the number of active subtables are set -- to the string "all". -- -- A key for cfg.protectionCategories is constructed for each value of i. -- The position of the value in the key is determined by the keypos field in -- each subtable. --]] local cats = cfg.protectionCategories for i = 1, 2^noActive do local key = {} for j, t in ipairs(attemptOrder) do if j > noActive then key[t.keypos] = 'all' else local quotient = i / 2 ^ (j - 1) quotient = math.ceil(quotient) if quotient % 2 == 1 then key[t.keypos] = t.val else key[t.keypos] = 'all' end end end key = table.concat(key, '|') local attempt = cats[key] if attempt then return makeCategoryLink(attempt, title.text) end end return '' end function Protection:isIncorrect() if not self:shouldHaveProtectionCategory() then return true end if type(self.expiry) ~= 'number' then return false end local expiry = os.date('*t', self.expiry) -- Avoid checking today.day or os.time(), unless close. https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416616 local today = os.date('*t') return (expiry.year < today.year) or (expiry.year == today.year and expiry.month < today.month) or (expiry.year == today.year and expiry.month == today.month and expiry.day < today.day) or (expiry.year == today.year and expiry.month == today.month and expiry.day == today.day and self.expiry < os.time()) end function Protection:isTemplateProtectedNonTemplate() local action, namespace = self.action, self.title.namespace return self.level == 'templateeditor' and ( (action ~= 'edit' and action ~= 'move') or (namespace ~= 10 and namespace ~= 828) ) end function Protection:makeCategoryLinks() local msg = self._cfg.msg local ret = {self:makeProtectionCategory()} if self:isIncorrect() then ret[#ret + 1] = makeCategoryLink( msg['tracking-category-incorrect'], self.title.text ) end if self:isTemplateProtectedNonTemplate() then ret[#ret + 1] = makeCategoryLink( msg['tracking-category-template'], self.title.text ) end return table.concat(ret) end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Blurb class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Blurb = {} Blurb.__index = Blurb Blurb.bannerTextFields = { text = true, explanation = true, tooltip = true, alt = true, link = true } function Blurb.new(protectionObj, args, cfg) return setmetatable({ _cfg = cfg, _protectionObj = protectionObj, _args = args }, Blurb) end -- Private methods -- function Blurb:_formatDate(num) -- Formats a Unix timestamp into dd Month, YYYY format. lang = lang or mw.language.getContentLanguage() local success, date = pcall( lang.formatDate, lang, self._cfg.msg['expiry-date-format'] or 'j F Y', '@' .. tostring(num) ) if success then return date end end function Blurb:_getExpandedMessage(msgKey) return self:_substituteParameters(self._cfg.msg[msgKey]) end function Blurb:_substituteParameters(msg) if not self._params then local parameterFuncs = {} parameterFuncs.CURRENTVERSION = self._makeCurrentVersionParameter parameterFuncs.EDITREQUEST = self._makeEditRequestParameter parameterFuncs.EXPIRY = self._makeExpiryParameter parameterFuncs.EXPLANATIONBLURB = self._makeExplanationBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.IMAGELINK = self._makeImageLinkParameter parameterFuncs.INTROBLURB = self._makeIntroBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.INTROFRAGMENT = self._makeIntroFragmentParameter parameterFuncs.PAGETYPE = self._makePagetypeParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONBLURB = self._makeProtectionBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONDATE = self._makeProtectionDateParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONLEVEL = self._makeProtectionLevelParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONLOG = self._makeProtectionLogParameter parameterFuncs.TALKPAGE = self._makeTalkPageParameter parameterFuncs.TOOLTIPBLURB = self._makeTooltipBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.TOOLTIPFRAGMENT = self._makeTooltipFragmentParameter parameterFuncs.VANDAL = self._makeVandalTemplateParameter self._params = setmetatable({}, { __index = function (t, k) local param if parameterFuncs[k] then param = parameterFuncs[k](self) end param = param or '' t[k] = param return param end }) end msg = msg:gsub('${(%u+)}', self._params) return msg end function Blurb:_makeCurrentVersionParameter() -- A link to the page history or the move log, depending on the kind of -- protection. local pagename = self._protectionObj.title.prefixedText if self._protectionObj.action == 'move' then -- We need the move log link. return makeFullUrl( 'Special:Log', {type = 'move', page = pagename}, self:_getExpandedMessage('current-version-move-display') ) else -- We need the history link. return makeFullUrl( pagename, {action = 'history'}, self:_getExpandedMessage('current-version-edit-display') ) end end function Blurb:_makeEditRequestParameter() local mEditRequest = require('Module:Submit an edit request') local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level -- Get the edit request type. local requestType if action == 'edit' then if level == 'autoconfirmed' then requestType = 'semi' elseif level == 'extendedconfirmed' then requestType = 'extended' elseif level == 'templateeditor' then requestType = 'template' end end requestType = requestType or 'full' -- Get the display value. local display = self:_getExpandedMessage('edit-request-display') return mEditRequest._link{type = requestType, display = display} end function Blurb:_makeExpiryParameter() local expiry = self._protectionObj.expiry if type(expiry) == 'number' then return self:_formatDate(expiry) else return expiry end end function Blurb:_makeExplanationBlurbParameter() -- Cover special cases first. if self._protectionObj.title.namespace == 8 then -- MediaWiki namespace return self:_getExpandedMessage('explanation-blurb-nounprotect') end -- Get explanation blurb table keys local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local talkKey = self._protectionObj.title.isTalkPage and 'talk' or 'subject' -- Find the message in the explanation blurb table and substitute any -- parameters. local explanations = self._cfg.explanationBlurbs local msg if explanations[action][level] and explanations[action][level][talkKey] then msg = explanations[action][level][talkKey] elseif explanations[action][level] and explanations[action][level].default then msg = explanations[action][level].default elseif explanations[action].default and explanations[action].default[talkKey] then msg = explanations[action].default[talkKey] elseif explanations[action].default and explanations[action].default.default then msg = explanations[action].default.default else error(string.format( 'could not find explanation blurb for action "%s", level "%s" and talk key "%s"', action, level, talkKey ), 8) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeImageLinkParameter() local imageLinks = self._cfg.imageLinks local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local msg if imageLinks[action][level] then msg = imageLinks[action][level] elseif imageLinks[action].default then msg = imageLinks[action].default else msg = imageLinks.edit.default end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeIntroBlurbParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-blurb-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-blurb-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makeIntroFragmentParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-fragment-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-fragment-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makePagetypeParameter() local pagetypes = self._cfg.pagetypes return pagetypes[self._protectionObj.title.namespace] or pagetypes.default or error('no default pagetype defined', 8) end function Blurb:_makeProtectionBlurbParameter() local protectionBlurbs = self._cfg.protectionBlurbs local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local msg if protectionBlurbs[action][level] then msg = protectionBlurbs[action][level] elseif protectionBlurbs[action].default then msg = protectionBlurbs[action].default elseif protectionBlurbs.edit.default then msg = protectionBlurbs.edit.default else error('no protection blurb defined for protectionBlurbs.edit.default', 8) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeProtectionDateParameter() local protectionDate = self._protectionObj.protectionDate if type(protectionDate) == 'number' then return self:_formatDate(protectionDate) else return protectionDate end end function Blurb:_makeProtectionLevelParameter() local protectionLevels = self._cfg.protectionLevels local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local msg if protectionLevels[action][level] then msg = protectionLevels[action][level] elseif protectionLevels[action].default then msg = protectionLevels[action].default elseif protectionLevels.edit.default then msg = protectionLevels.edit.default else error('no protection level defined for protectionLevels.edit.default', 8) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeProtectionLogParameter() local pagename = self._protectionObj.title.prefixedText if self._protectionObj.action == 'autoreview' then -- We need the pending changes log. return makeFullUrl( 'Special:Log', {type = 'stable', page = pagename}, self:_getExpandedMessage('pc-log-display') ) else -- We need the protection log. return makeFullUrl( 'Special:Log', {type = 'protect', page = pagename}, self:_getExpandedMessage('protection-log-display') ) end end function Blurb:_makeTalkPageParameter() return string.format( '[[%s:%s#%s|%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[self._protectionObj.title.namespace].talk.name, self._protectionObj.title.text, self._args.section or 'top', self:_getExpandedMessage('talk-page-link-display') ) end function Blurb:_makeTooltipBlurbParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-blurb-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-blurb-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makeTooltipFragmentParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-fragment-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-fragment-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makeVandalTemplateParameter() return mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{ title="vandal-m", args={self._args.user or self._protectionObj.title.baseText} } end -- Public methods -- function Blurb:makeBannerText(key) -- Validate input. if not key or not Blurb.bannerTextFields[key] then error(string.format( '"%s" is not a valid banner config field', tostring(key) ), 2) end -- Generate the text. local msg = self._protectionObj.bannerConfig[key] if type(msg) == 'string' then return self:_substituteParameters(msg) elseif type(msg) == 'function' then msg = msg(self._protectionObj, self._args) if type(msg) ~= 'string' then error(string.format( 'bad output from banner config function with key "%s"' .. ' (expected string, got %s)', tostring(key), type(msg) ), 4) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- BannerTemplate class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local BannerTemplate = {} BannerTemplate.__index = BannerTemplate function BannerTemplate.new(protectionObj, cfg) local obj = {} obj._cfg = cfg -- Set the image filename. local imageFilename = protectionObj.bannerConfig.image if imageFilename then obj._imageFilename = imageFilename else -- If an image filename isn't specified explicitly in the banner config, -- generate it from the protection status and the namespace. local action = protectionObj.action local level = protectionObj.level local namespace = protectionObj.title.namespace local reason = protectionObj.reason -- Deal with special cases first. if ( namespace == 10 or namespace == 828 or reason and obj._cfg.indefImageReasons[reason] ) and action == 'edit' and level == 'sysop' and not protectionObj:isTemporary() then -- Fully protected modules and templates get the special red "indef" -- padlock. obj._imageFilename = obj._cfg.msg['image-filename-indef'] else -- Deal with regular protection types. local images = obj._cfg.images if images[action] then if images[action][level] then obj._imageFilename = images[action][level] elseif images[action].default then obj._imageFilename = images[action].default end end end end return setmetatable(obj, BannerTemplate) end function BannerTemplate:renderImage() local filename = self._imageFilename or self._cfg.msg['image-filename-default'] or 'Transparent.gif' return makeFileLink{ file = filename, size = (self.imageWidth or 20) .. 'px', alt = self._imageAlt, link = self._imageLink, caption = self.imageCaption } end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Banner class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Banner = setmetatable({}, BannerTemplate) Banner.__index = Banner function Banner.new(protectionObj, blurbObj, cfg) local obj = BannerTemplate.new(protectionObj, cfg) -- This doesn't need the blurb. obj.imageWidth = 40 obj.imageCaption = blurbObj:makeBannerText('alt') -- Large banners use the alt text for the tooltip. obj._reasonText = blurbObj:makeBannerText('text') obj._explanationText = blurbObj:makeBannerText('explanation') obj._page = protectionObj.title.prefixedText -- Only makes a difference in testing. return setmetatable(obj, Banner) end function Banner:__tostring() -- Renders the banner. makeMessageBox = makeMessageBox or require('Module:Message box').main local reasonText = self._reasonText or error('no reason text set', 2) local explanationText = self._explanationText local mbargs = { page = self._page, type = 'protection', image = self:renderImage(), text = string.format( "'''%s'''%s", reasonText, explanationText and '<br />' .. explanationText or '' ) } return makeMessageBox('mbox', mbargs) end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Padlock class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Padlock = setmetatable({}, BannerTemplate) Padlock.__index = Padlock function Padlock.new(protectionObj, blurbObj, cfg) local obj = BannerTemplate.new(protectionObj, cfg) -- This doesn't need the blurb. obj.imageWidth = 20 obj.imageCaption = blurbObj:makeBannerText('tooltip') obj._imageAlt = blurbObj:makeBannerText('alt') obj._imageLink = blurbObj:makeBannerText('link') obj._indicatorName = cfg.padlockIndicatorNames[protectionObj.action] or cfg.padlockIndicatorNames.default or 'pp-default' return setmetatable(obj, Padlock) end function Padlock:__tostring() local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() -- The nowiki tag helps prevent whitespace at the top of articles. return frame:extensionTag{name = 'nowiki'} .. frame:extensionTag{ name = 'indicator', args = {name = self._indicatorName}, content = self:renderImage() } end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Exports -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local p = {} function p._exportClasses() -- This is used for testing purposes. return { Protection = Protection, Blurb = Blurb, BannerTemplate = BannerTemplate, Banner = Banner, Padlock = Padlock, } end function p._main(args, cfg, title) args = args or {} cfg = cfg or require(CONFIG_MODULE) local protectionObj = Protection.new(args, cfg, title) local ret = {} -- If a page's edit protection is equally or more restrictive than its -- protection from some other action, then don't bother displaying anything -- for the other action (except categories). if not yesno(args.catonly) and (protectionObj.action == 'edit' or args.demolevel or not getReachableNodes( cfg.hierarchy, protectionObj.level )[effectiveProtectionLevel('edit', protectionObj.title)]) then -- Initialise the blurb object local blurbObj = Blurb.new(protectionObj, args, cfg) -- Render the banner if protectionObj:shouldShowLock() then ret[#ret + 1] = tostring( (yesno(args.small) and Padlock or Banner) .new(protectionObj, blurbObj, cfg) ) end end -- Render the categories if yesno(args.category) ~= false then ret[#ret + 1] = protectionObj:makeCategoryLinks() end -- For arbitration enforcement, flagging [[WP:PIA]] pages to enable [[Special:AbuseFilter/1339]] to flag edits to them if protectionObj.level == "extendedconfirmed" then if require("Module:TableTools").inArray(protectionObj.title.talkPageTitle.categories, "Wikipedia pages subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict") then ret[#ret + 1] = "<p class='PIA-flag' style='display:none; visibility:hidden;' title='This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.'></p>" end end return table.concat(ret) end function p.main(frame, cfg) cfg = cfg or require(CONFIG_MODULE) -- Find default args, if any. local parent = frame.getParent and frame:getParent() local defaultArgs = parent and cfg.wrappers[parent:getTitle():gsub('/sandbox$', '')] -- Find user args, and use the parent frame if we are being called from a -- wrapper template. getArgs = getArgs or require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local userArgs = getArgs(frame, { parentOnly = defaultArgs, frameOnly = not defaultArgs }) -- Build the args table. User-specified args overwrite default args. local args = {} for k, v in pairs(defaultArgs or {}) do args[k] = v end for k, v in pairs(userArgs) do args[k] = v end return p._main(args, cfg) end return p p8ryzquso3eyufqyguwh2oyqz5eu1l6 120978 120977 2026-09-04T22:03:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protected_page]] 120977 Scribunto text/plain -- This module implements {{pp-meta}} and its daughter templates such as -- {{pp-dispute}}, {{pp-vandalism}} and {{pp-sock}}. -- Initialise necessary modules. require('strict') local makeFileLink = require('Module:File link')._main local effectiveProtectionLevel = require('Module:Effective protection level')._main local effectiveProtectionExpiry = require('Module:Effective protection expiry')._main local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') -- Lazily initialise modules and objects we don't always need. local getArgs, makeMessageBox, lang -- Set constants. local CONFIG_MODULE = 'Module:Protected page/config' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Helper functions -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local function makeCategoryLink(cat, sort) if cat then return string.format( '[[%s:%s|%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[14].name, cat, sort ) end end -- Validation function for the expiry and the protection date local function validateDate(dateString, dateType) if not lang then lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage() end local success, result = pcall(lang.formatDate, lang, 'U', dateString) if success then result = tonumber(result) if result then return result end end error(string.format( 'invalid %s: %s', dateType, tostring(dateString) ), 4) end local function makeFullUrl(page, query, display) return string.format( '[%s %s]', tostring(mw.uri.fullUrl(page, query)), display ) end -- Given a directed graph formatted as node -> table of direct successors, -- get a table of all nodes reachable from a given node (though always -- including the given node). local function getReachableNodes(graph, start) local toWalk, retval = {[start] = true}, {} while true do -- Can't use pairs() since we're adding and removing things as we're iterating local k = next(toWalk) -- This always gets the "first" key if k == nil then return retval end toWalk[k] = nil retval[k] = true for _,v in ipairs(graph[k]) do if not retval[v] then toWalk[v] = true end end end end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Protection = {} Protection.__index = Protection Protection.supportedActions = { edit = true, move = true, autoreview = true, upload = true } Protection.bannerConfigFields = { 'text', 'explanation', 'tooltip', 'alt', 'link', 'image' } function Protection.new(args, cfg, title) local obj = {} obj._cfg = cfg obj.title = title or mw.title.getCurrentTitle() -- Set action if not args.action then obj.action = 'edit' elseif Protection.supportedActions[args.action] then obj.action = args.action else error(string.format( 'invalid action: %s', tostring(args.action) ), 3) end -- Set level obj.level = args.demolevel or effectiveProtectionLevel(obj.action, obj.title) if not obj.level or (obj.action == 'move' and obj.level == 'autoconfirmed') then -- Users need to be autoconfirmed to move pages anyway, so treat -- semi-move-protected pages as unprotected. obj.level = '*' end -- Set expiry local effectiveExpiry = effectiveProtectionExpiry(obj.action, obj.title) if effectiveExpiry == 'infinity' then obj.expiry = 'indef' elseif effectiveExpiry ~= 'unknown' then obj.expiry = validateDate(effectiveExpiry, 'expiry date') end -- Set reason if args[1] then obj.reason = mw.ustring.lower(args[1]) if obj.reason:find('|') then error('reasons cannot contain the pipe character ("|")', 3) end end -- Set protection date if args.date then obj.protectionDate = validateDate(args.date, 'protection date') end -- Set banner config do obj.bannerConfig = {} local configTables = {} if cfg.banners[obj.action] then configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.banners[obj.action][obj.reason] end if cfg.defaultBanners[obj.action] then configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.defaultBanners[obj.action][obj.level] configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.defaultBanners[obj.action].default end configTables[#configTables + 1] = cfg.masterBanner for i, field in ipairs(Protection.bannerConfigFields) do for j, t in ipairs(configTables) do if t[field] then obj.bannerConfig[field] = t[field] break end end end end return setmetatable(obj, Protection) end function Protection:isUserScript() -- Whether the page is a user JavaScript or CSS page. local title = self.title return title.namespace == 2 and ( title.contentModel == 'javascript' or title.contentModel == 'css' ) end function Protection:isProtected() return self.level ~= '*' end function Protection:shouldShowLock() -- Whether we should output a banner/padlock return self:isProtected() and not self:isUserScript() end -- Whether this page needs a protection category. Protection.shouldHaveProtectionCategory = Protection.shouldShowLock function Protection:isTemporary() return type(self.expiry) == 'number' end function Protection:makeProtectionCategory() if not self:shouldHaveProtectionCategory() then return '' end local cfg = self._cfg local title = self.title -- Get the expiry key fragment. local expiryFragment if self.expiry == 'indef' then expiryFragment = self.expiry elseif type(self.expiry) == 'number' then expiryFragment = 'temp' end -- Get the namespace key fragment. local namespaceFragment = cfg.categoryNamespaceKeys[title.namespace] if not namespaceFragment and title.namespace % 2 == 1 then namespaceFragment = 'talk' end -- Define the order that key fragments are tested in. This is done with an -- array of tables containing the value to be tested, along with its -- position in the cfg.protectionCategories table. local order = { {val = expiryFragment, keypos = 1}, {val = namespaceFragment, keypos = 2}, {val = self.reason, keypos = 3}, {val = self.level, keypos = 4}, {val = self.action, keypos = 5} } --[[ -- The old protection templates used an ad-hoc protection category system, -- with some templates prioritising namespaces in their categories, and -- others prioritising the protection reason. To emulate this in this module -- we use the config table cfg.reasonsWithNamespacePriority to set the -- reasons for which namespaces have priority over protection reason. -- If we are dealing with one of those reasons, move the namespace table to -- the end of the order table, i.e. give it highest priority. If not, the -- reason should have highest priority, so move that to the end of the table -- instead. --]] table.insert(order, table.remove(order, self.reason and cfg.reasonsWithNamespacePriority[self.reason] and 2 or 3)) --[[ -- Define the attempt order. Inactive subtables (subtables with nil "value" -- fields) are moved to the end, where they will later be given the key -- "all". This is to cut down on the number of table lookups in -- cfg.protectionCategories, which grows exponentially with the number of -- non-nil keys. We keep track of the number of active subtables with the -- noActive parameter. --]] local noActive, attemptOrder do local active, inactive = {}, {} for i, t in ipairs(order) do if t.val then active[#active + 1] = t else inactive[#inactive + 1] = t end end noActive = #active attemptOrder = active for i, t in ipairs(inactive) do attemptOrder[#attemptOrder + 1] = t end end --[[ -- Check increasingly generic key combinations until we find a match. If a -- specific category exists for the combination of key fragments we are -- given, that match will be found first. If not, we keep trying different -- key fragment combinations until we match using the key -- "all-all-all-all-all". -- -- To generate the keys, we index the key subtables using a binary matrix -- with indexes i and j. j is only calculated up to the number of active -- subtables. For example, if there were three active subtables, the matrix -- would look like this, with 0 corresponding to the key fragment "all", and -- 1 corresponding to other key fragments. -- -- j 1 2 3 -- i -- 1 1 1 1 -- 2 0 1 1 -- 3 1 0 1 -- 4 0 0 1 -- 5 1 1 0 -- 6 0 1 0 -- 7 1 0 0 -- 8 0 0 0 -- -- Values of j higher than the number of active subtables are set -- to the string "all". -- -- A key for cfg.protectionCategories is constructed for each value of i. -- The position of the value in the key is determined by the keypos field in -- each subtable. --]] local cats = cfg.protectionCategories for i = 1, 2^noActive do local key = {} for j, t in ipairs(attemptOrder) do if j > noActive then key[t.keypos] = 'all' else local quotient = i / 2 ^ (j - 1) quotient = math.ceil(quotient) if quotient % 2 == 1 then key[t.keypos] = t.val else key[t.keypos] = 'all' end end end key = table.concat(key, '|') local attempt = cats[key] if attempt then return makeCategoryLink(attempt, title.text) end end return '' end function Protection:isIncorrect() if not self:shouldHaveProtectionCategory() then return true end if type(self.expiry) ~= 'number' then return false end local expiry = os.date('*t', self.expiry) -- Avoid checking today.day or os.time(), unless close. https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416616 local today = os.date('*t') return (expiry.year < today.year) or (expiry.year == today.year and expiry.month < today.month) or (expiry.year == today.year and expiry.month == today.month and expiry.day < today.day) or (expiry.year == today.year and expiry.month == today.month and expiry.day == today.day and self.expiry < os.time()) end function Protection:isTemplateProtectedNonTemplate() local action, namespace = self.action, self.title.namespace return self.level == 'templateeditor' and ( (action ~= 'edit' and action ~= 'move') or (namespace ~= 10 and namespace ~= 828) ) end function Protection:makeCategoryLinks() local msg = self._cfg.msg local ret = {self:makeProtectionCategory()} if self:isIncorrect() then ret[#ret + 1] = makeCategoryLink( msg['tracking-category-incorrect'], self.title.text ) end if self:isTemplateProtectedNonTemplate() then ret[#ret + 1] = makeCategoryLink( msg['tracking-category-template'], self.title.text ) end return table.concat(ret) end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Blurb class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Blurb = {} Blurb.__index = Blurb Blurb.bannerTextFields = { text = true, explanation = true, tooltip = true, alt = true, link = true } function Blurb.new(protectionObj, args, cfg) return setmetatable({ _cfg = cfg, _protectionObj = protectionObj, _args = args }, Blurb) end -- Private methods -- function Blurb:_formatDate(num) -- Formats a Unix timestamp into dd Month, YYYY format. lang = lang or mw.language.getContentLanguage() local success, date = pcall( lang.formatDate, lang, self._cfg.msg['expiry-date-format'] or 'j F Y', '@' .. tostring(num) ) if success then return date end end function Blurb:_getExpandedMessage(msgKey) return self:_substituteParameters(self._cfg.msg[msgKey]) end function Blurb:_substituteParameters(msg) if not self._params then local parameterFuncs = {} parameterFuncs.CURRENTVERSION = self._makeCurrentVersionParameter parameterFuncs.EDITREQUEST = self._makeEditRequestParameter parameterFuncs.EXPIRY = self._makeExpiryParameter parameterFuncs.EXPLANATIONBLURB = self._makeExplanationBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.IMAGELINK = self._makeImageLinkParameter parameterFuncs.INTROBLURB = self._makeIntroBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.INTROFRAGMENT = self._makeIntroFragmentParameter parameterFuncs.PAGETYPE = self._makePagetypeParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONBLURB = self._makeProtectionBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONDATE = self._makeProtectionDateParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONLEVEL = self._makeProtectionLevelParameter parameterFuncs.PROTECTIONLOG = self._makeProtectionLogParameter parameterFuncs.TALKPAGE = self._makeTalkPageParameter parameterFuncs.TOOLTIPBLURB = self._makeTooltipBlurbParameter parameterFuncs.TOOLTIPFRAGMENT = self._makeTooltipFragmentParameter parameterFuncs.VANDAL = self._makeVandalTemplateParameter self._params = setmetatable({}, { __index = function (t, k) local param if parameterFuncs[k] then param = parameterFuncs[k](self) end param = param or '' t[k] = param return param end }) end msg = msg:gsub('${(%u+)}', self._params) return msg end function Blurb:_makeCurrentVersionParameter() -- A link to the page history or the move log, depending on the kind of -- protection. local pagename = self._protectionObj.title.prefixedText if self._protectionObj.action == 'move' then -- We need the move log link. return makeFullUrl( 'Special:Log', {type = 'move', page = pagename}, self:_getExpandedMessage('current-version-move-display') ) else -- We need the history link. return makeFullUrl( pagename, {action = 'history'}, self:_getExpandedMessage('current-version-edit-display') ) end end function Blurb:_makeEditRequestParameter() local mEditRequest = require('Module:Submit an edit request') local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level -- Get the edit request type. local requestType if action == 'edit' then if level == 'autoconfirmed' then requestType = 'semi' elseif level == 'extendedconfirmed' then requestType = 'extended' elseif level == 'templateeditor' then requestType = 'template' end end requestType = requestType or 'full' -- Get the display value. local display = self:_getExpandedMessage('edit-request-display') return mEditRequest._link{type = requestType, display = display} end function Blurb:_makeExpiryParameter() local expiry = self._protectionObj.expiry if type(expiry) == 'number' then return self:_formatDate(expiry) else return expiry end end function Blurb:_makeExplanationBlurbParameter() -- Cover special cases first. if self._protectionObj.title.namespace == 8 then -- MediaWiki namespace return self:_getExpandedMessage('explanation-blurb-nounprotect') end -- Get explanation blurb table keys local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local talkKey = self._protectionObj.title.isTalkPage and 'talk' or 'subject' -- Find the message in the explanation blurb table and substitute any -- parameters. local explanations = self._cfg.explanationBlurbs local msg if explanations[action][level] and explanations[action][level][talkKey] then msg = explanations[action][level][talkKey] elseif explanations[action][level] and explanations[action][level].default then msg = explanations[action][level].default elseif explanations[action].default and explanations[action].default[talkKey] then msg = explanations[action].default[talkKey] elseif explanations[action].default and explanations[action].default.default then msg = explanations[action].default.default else error(string.format( 'could not find explanation blurb for action "%s", level "%s" and talk key "%s"', action, level, talkKey ), 8) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeImageLinkParameter() local imageLinks = self._cfg.imageLinks local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local msg if imageLinks[action][level] then msg = imageLinks[action][level] elseif imageLinks[action].default then msg = imageLinks[action].default else msg = imageLinks.edit.default end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeIntroBlurbParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-blurb-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-blurb-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makeIntroFragmentParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-fragment-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('intro-fragment-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makePagetypeParameter() local pagetypes = self._cfg.pagetypes return pagetypes[self._protectionObj.title.namespace] or pagetypes.default or error('no default pagetype defined', 8) end function Blurb:_makeProtectionBlurbParameter() local protectionBlurbs = self._cfg.protectionBlurbs local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local msg if protectionBlurbs[action][level] then msg = protectionBlurbs[action][level] elseif protectionBlurbs[action].default then msg = protectionBlurbs[action].default elseif protectionBlurbs.edit.default then msg = protectionBlurbs.edit.default else error('no protection blurb defined for protectionBlurbs.edit.default', 8) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeProtectionDateParameter() local protectionDate = self._protectionObj.protectionDate if type(protectionDate) == 'number' then return self:_formatDate(protectionDate) else return protectionDate end end function Blurb:_makeProtectionLevelParameter() local protectionLevels = self._cfg.protectionLevels local action = self._protectionObj.action local level = self._protectionObj.level local msg if protectionLevels[action][level] then msg = protectionLevels[action][level] elseif protectionLevels[action].default then msg = protectionLevels[action].default elseif protectionLevels.edit.default then msg = protectionLevels.edit.default else error('no protection level defined for protectionLevels.edit.default', 8) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end function Blurb:_makeProtectionLogParameter() local pagename = self._protectionObj.title.prefixedText if self._protectionObj.action == 'autoreview' then -- We need the pending changes log. return makeFullUrl( 'Special:Log', {type = 'stable', page = pagename}, self:_getExpandedMessage('pc-log-display') ) else -- We need the protection log. return makeFullUrl( 'Special:Log', {type = 'protect', page = pagename}, self:_getExpandedMessage('protection-log-display') ) end end function Blurb:_makeTalkPageParameter() return string.format( '[[%s:%s#%s|%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[self._protectionObj.title.namespace].talk.name, self._protectionObj.title.text, self._args.section or 'top', self:_getExpandedMessage('talk-page-link-display') ) end function Blurb:_makeTooltipBlurbParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-blurb-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-blurb-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makeTooltipFragmentParameter() if self._protectionObj:isTemporary() then return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-fragment-expiry') else return self:_getExpandedMessage('tooltip-fragment-noexpiry') end end function Blurb:_makeVandalTemplateParameter() return mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{ title="vandal-m", args={self._args.user or self._protectionObj.title.baseText} } end -- Public methods -- function Blurb:makeBannerText(key) -- Validate input. if not key or not Blurb.bannerTextFields[key] then error(string.format( '"%s" is not a valid banner config field', tostring(key) ), 2) end -- Generate the text. local msg = self._protectionObj.bannerConfig[key] if type(msg) == 'string' then return self:_substituteParameters(msg) elseif type(msg) == 'function' then msg = msg(self._protectionObj, self._args) if type(msg) ~= 'string' then error(string.format( 'bad output from banner config function with key "%s"' .. ' (expected string, got %s)', tostring(key), type(msg) ), 4) end return self:_substituteParameters(msg) end end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- BannerTemplate class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local BannerTemplate = {} BannerTemplate.__index = BannerTemplate function BannerTemplate.new(protectionObj, cfg) local obj = {} obj._cfg = cfg -- Set the image filename. local imageFilename = protectionObj.bannerConfig.image if imageFilename then obj._imageFilename = imageFilename else -- If an image filename isn't specified explicitly in the banner config, -- generate it from the protection status and the namespace. local action = protectionObj.action local level = protectionObj.level local namespace = protectionObj.title.namespace local reason = protectionObj.reason -- Deal with special cases first. if ( namespace == 10 or namespace == 828 or reason and obj._cfg.indefImageReasons[reason] ) and action == 'edit' and level == 'sysop' and not protectionObj:isTemporary() then -- Fully protected modules and templates get the special red "indef" -- padlock. obj._imageFilename = obj._cfg.msg['image-filename-indef'] else -- Deal with regular protection types. local images = obj._cfg.images if images[action] then if images[action][level] then obj._imageFilename = images[action][level] elseif images[action].default then obj._imageFilename = images[action].default end end end end return setmetatable(obj, BannerTemplate) end function BannerTemplate:renderImage() local filename = self._imageFilename or self._cfg.msg['image-filename-default'] or 'Transparent.gif' return makeFileLink{ file = filename, size = (self.imageWidth or 20) .. 'px', alt = self._imageAlt, link = self._imageLink, caption = self.imageCaption } end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Banner class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Banner = setmetatable({}, BannerTemplate) Banner.__index = Banner function Banner.new(protectionObj, blurbObj, cfg) local obj = BannerTemplate.new(protectionObj, cfg) -- This doesn't need the blurb. obj.imageWidth = 40 obj.imageCaption = blurbObj:makeBannerText('alt') -- Large banners use the alt text for the tooltip. obj._reasonText = blurbObj:makeBannerText('text') obj._explanationText = blurbObj:makeBannerText('explanation') obj._page = protectionObj.title.prefixedText -- Only makes a difference in testing. return setmetatable(obj, Banner) end function Banner:__tostring() -- Renders the banner. makeMessageBox = makeMessageBox or require('Module:Message box').main local reasonText = self._reasonText or error('no reason text set', 2) local explanationText = self._explanationText local mbargs = { page = self._page, type = 'protection', image = self:renderImage(), text = string.format( "'''%s'''%s", reasonText, explanationText and '<br />' .. explanationText or '' ) } return makeMessageBox('mbox', mbargs) end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Padlock class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Padlock = setmetatable({}, BannerTemplate) Padlock.__index = Padlock function Padlock.new(protectionObj, blurbObj, cfg) local obj = BannerTemplate.new(protectionObj, cfg) -- This doesn't need the blurb. obj.imageWidth = 20 obj.imageCaption = blurbObj:makeBannerText('tooltip') obj._imageAlt = blurbObj:makeBannerText('alt') obj._imageLink = blurbObj:makeBannerText('link') obj._indicatorName = cfg.padlockIndicatorNames[protectionObj.action] or cfg.padlockIndicatorNames.default or 'pp-default' return setmetatable(obj, Padlock) end function Padlock:__tostring() local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() -- The nowiki tag helps prevent whitespace at the top of articles. return frame:extensionTag{name = 'nowiki'} .. frame:extensionTag{ name = 'indicator', args = {name = self._indicatorName}, content = self:renderImage() } end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Exports -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local p = {} function p._exportClasses() -- This is used for testing purposes. return { Protection = Protection, Blurb = Blurb, BannerTemplate = BannerTemplate, Banner = Banner, Padlock = Padlock, } end function p._main(args, cfg, title) args = args or {} cfg = cfg or require(CONFIG_MODULE) local protectionObj = Protection.new(args, cfg, title) local ret = {} -- If a page's edit protection is equally or more restrictive than its -- protection from some other action, then don't bother displaying anything -- for the other action (except categories). if not yesno(args.catonly) and (protectionObj.action == 'edit' or args.demolevel or not getReachableNodes( cfg.hierarchy, protectionObj.level )[effectiveProtectionLevel('edit', protectionObj.title)]) then -- Initialise the blurb object local blurbObj = Blurb.new(protectionObj, args, cfg) -- Render the banner if protectionObj:shouldShowLock() then ret[#ret + 1] = tostring( (yesno(args.small) and Padlock or Banner) .new(protectionObj, blurbObj, cfg) ) end end -- Render the categories if yesno(args.category) ~= false then ret[#ret + 1] = protectionObj:makeCategoryLinks() end -- For arbitration enforcement, flagging [[WP:PIA]] pages to enable [[Special:AbuseFilter/1339]] to flag edits to them if protectionObj.level == "extendedconfirmed" then if require("Module:TableTools").inArray(protectionObj.title.talkPageTitle.categories, "Wikipedia pages subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict") then ret[#ret + 1] = "<p class='PIA-flag' style='display:none; visibility:hidden;' title='This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.'></p>" end end return table.concat(ret) end function p.main(frame, cfg) cfg = cfg or require(CONFIG_MODULE) -- Find default args, if any. local parent = frame.getParent and frame:getParent() local defaultArgs = parent and cfg.wrappers[parent:getTitle():gsub('/sandbox$', '')] -- Find user args, and use the parent frame if we are being called from a -- wrapper template. getArgs = getArgs or require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local userArgs = getArgs(frame, { parentOnly = defaultArgs, frameOnly = not defaultArgs }) -- Build the args table. User-specified args overwrite default args. local args = {} for k, v in pairs(defaultArgs or {}) do args[k] = v end for k, v in pairs(userArgs) do args[k] = v end return p._main(args, cfg) end return p p8ryzquso3eyufqyguwh2oyqz5eu1l6 828 49374 120979 2026-08-30T17:22:32Z en>Primefac 0 per prev, old wrappers moved, removing from this list 120979 Scribunto text/plain -- This module provides configuration data for [[Module:Protection banner]]. return { -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- BANNER DATA -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --[[ -- Banner data consists of six fields: -- * text - the main protection text that appears at the top of protection -- banners. -- * explanation - the text that appears below the main protection text, used -- to explain the details of the protection. -- * tooltip - the tooltip text you see when you move the mouse over a small -- padlock icon. -- * link - the page that the small padlock icon links to. -- * alt - the alt text for the small padlock icon. This is also used as tooltip -- text for the large protection banners. -- * image - the padlock image used in both protection banners and small padlock -- icons. -- -- The module checks in three separate tables to find a value for each field. -- First it checks the banners table, which has values specific to the reason -- for the page being protected. Then the module checks the defaultBanners -- table, which has values specific to each protection level. Finally, the -- module checks the masterBanner table, which holds data for protection -- templates to use if no data has been found in the previous two tables. -- -- The values in the banner data can take parameters. These are specified -- using ${TEXTLIKETHIS} (a dollar sign preceding a parameter name -- enclosed in curly braces). -- -- Available parameters: -- -- ${CURRENTVERSION} - a link to the page history or the move log, with the -- display message "current-version-edit-display" or -- "current-version-move-display". -- -- ${EDITREQUEST} - a link to create an edit request for the current page. -- -- ${EXPLANATIONBLURB} - an explanation blurb, e.g. "Please discuss any changes -- on the talk page; you may submit a request to ask an administrator to make -- an edit if it is minor or supported by consensus." -- -- ${IMAGELINK} - a link to set the image to, depending on the protection -- action and protection level. -- -- ${INTROBLURB} - the PROTECTIONBLURB parameter, plus the expiry if an expiry -- is set. E.g. "Editing of this page by new or unregistered users is currently -- disabled until dd Month YYYY." -- -- ${INTROFRAGMENT} - the same as ${INTROBLURB}, but without final punctuation -- so that it can be used in run-on sentences. -- -- ${PAGETYPE} - the type of the page, e.g. "article" or "template". -- Defined in the cfg.pagetypes table. -- -- ${PROTECTIONBLURB} - a blurb explaining the protection level of the page, e.g. -- "Editing of this page by new or unregistered users is currently disabled" -- -- ${PROTECTIONDATE} - the protection date, if it has been supplied to the -- template. -- -- ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} - the protection level, e.g. "fully protected" or -- "semi-protected". -- -- ${PROTECTIONLOG} - a link to the protection log or the pending changes log, -- depending on the protection action. -- -- ${TALKPAGE} - a link to the talk page. If a section is specified, links -- straight to that talk page section. -- -- ${TOOLTIPBLURB} - uses the PAGETYPE, PROTECTIONTYPE and EXPIRY parameters to -- create a blurb like "This template is semi-protected", or "This article is -- move-protected until DD Month YYYY". -- -- ${VANDAL} - links for the specified username (or the root page name) -- using Module:Vandal-m. -- -- Functions -- -- For advanced users, it is possible to use Lua functions instead of strings -- in the banner config tables. Using functions gives flexibility that is not -- possible just by using parameters. Functions take two arguments, the -- protection object and the template arguments, and they must output a string. -- -- For example: -- -- text = function (protectionObj, args) -- if protectionObj.level == 'autoconfirmed' then -- return 'foo' -- else -- return 'bar' -- end -- end -- -- Some protection object properties and methods that may be useful: -- protectionObj.action - the protection action -- protectionObj.level - the protection level -- protectionObj.reason - the protection reason -- protectionObj.expiry - the expiry. Nil if unset, the string "indef" if set -- to indefinite, and the protection time in unix time if temporary. -- protectionObj.protectionDate - the protection date in unix time, or nil if -- unspecified. -- protectionObj.bannerConfig - the banner config found by the module. Beware -- of editing the config field used by the function, as it could create an -- infinite loop. -- protectionObj:isProtected - returns a boolean showing whether the page is -- protected. -- protectionObj:isTemporary - returns a boolean showing whether the expiry is -- temporary. -- protectionObj:isIncorrect - returns a boolean showing whether the protection -- template is incorrect. --]] -- The master banner data, used if no values have been found in banners or -- defaultBanners. masterBanner = { text = '${INTROBLURB}', explanation = '${EXPLANATIONBLURB}', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPBLURB}', link = '${IMAGELINK}', alt = 'Page ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}' }, -- The default banner data. This holds banner data for different protection -- levels. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. defaultBanners = { edit = {}, move = {}, autoreview = { default = { alt = 'Page protected with pending changes', tooltip = 'All edits by unregistered and new users are subject to review prior to becoming visible to unregistered users', image = 'Pending-protection-shackle.svg' } }, upload = {} }, -- The banner data. This holds banner data for different protection reasons. -- In fact, the reasons specified in this table control which reasons are -- valid inputs to the first positional parameter. -- -- There is also a non-standard "description" field that can be used for items -- in this table. This is a description of the protection reason for use in the -- module documentation. -- -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. banners = { edit = { blp = { description = 'For pages protected to promote compliance with the' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons' .. '|biographies of living persons]] policy', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to promote compliance with' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons' .. "|Wikipedia's&nbsp;policy on&nbsp;the&nbsp;biographies" .. ' of&nbsp;living&nbsp;people]].', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} to promote compliance with the policy on' .. ' biographies of living persons', }, deceased = { description = 'For user pages of Wikipedia users who are deceased', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to prevent vandalism of a deceased' .. ' Wikipedian\'s user page.' .. ' A family member who wishes to edit this user page can use this' .. ' user\'s ${TALKPAGE} or submit a request to [[Wikipedia:VRT|the' .. ' Volunteer Response Team]].', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} because this Wikipedian is deceased' }, dmca = { description = 'For pages protected by the Wikimedia Foundation' .. ' due to [[Digital Millennium Copyright Act]] takedown requests', explanation = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = 'Pursuant to a rights owner notice under the Digital' .. ' Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) regarding some content' .. ' in this article, the Wikimedia Foundation acted under' .. ' applicable law and took down and restricted the content' .. ' in question.' if args.notice then ret = ret .. ' A copy of the received notice can be found here: ' .. args.notice .. '.' end ret = ret .. ' For more information, including websites discussing' .. ' how to file a counter-notice, please see' .. " [[Wikipedia:Office actions]] and the article's ${TALKPAGE}." .. "'''Do not remove this template from the article until the" .. " restrictions are withdrawn'''." return ret end, image = 'Office-protection-shackle.svg', link = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#office', }, dispute = { description = 'For pages protected due to editing disputes', text = function (protectionObj, args) -- Find the value of "disputes". local display = 'disputes' local disputes if args.section then disputes = string.format( '[[%s:%s#%s|%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[protectionObj.title.namespace].talk.name, protectionObj.title.text, args.section, display ) else disputes = display end -- Make the blurb, depending on the expiry. local msg if type(protectionObj.expiry) == 'number' then msg = '${INTROFRAGMENT} or until editing %s have been resolved.' else msg = '${INTROFRAGMENT} until editing %s have been resolved.' end return string.format(msg, disputes) end, explanation = "This protection is '''not''' an endorsement of the" .. ' ${CURRENTVERSION}. ${EXPLANATIONBLURB}', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} due to editing disputes', }, ecp = { description = 'For articles in topic areas authorized by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee|ArbCom]] or' .. ' meets the criteria for community use', alt = 'Extended-protected ${PAGETYPE}', }, mainpage = { description = 'For pages protected for being displayed on the [[Main Page]]', text = 'This file is currently' .. ' [[Wikipedia:This page is protected|protected]] from' .. ' editing because it is currently or will soon be displayed' .. ' on the [[Main Page]].', explanation = 'Images on the Main Page are protected due to their high' .. ' visibility. Please discuss any necessary changes on the ${TALKPAGE}.' .. '<br /><span style="font-size:90%;">' .. "'''Administrators:''' Once this image is definitely off the Main Page," .. ' please unprotect this file, or reduce to semi-protection,' .. ' as appropriate.</span>', }, office = { description = 'For pages protected by the Wikimedia Foundation', text = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently under the' .. ' scrutiny of the' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Office actions|Wikimedia Foundation Office]]' .. ' and is protected.' if protectionObj.protectionDate then ret = ret .. ' It has been protected since ${PROTECTIONDATE}.' end return ret end, explanation = "If you can edit this page, please discuss all changes and" .. " additions on the ${TALKPAGE} first. '''Do not remove protection from this" .. " page unless you are authorized by the Wikimedia Foundation to do" .. " so.'''", image = 'Office-protection-shackle.svg', link = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#office', }, reset = { description = 'For pages protected by the Wikimedia Foundation and' .. ' "reset" to a bare-bones version', text = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently under the' .. ' scrutiny of the' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Office actions|Wikimedia Foundation Office]]' .. ' and is protected.', explanation = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = '' if protectionObj.protectionDate then ret = ret .. 'On ${PROTECTIONDATE} this ${PAGETYPE} was' else ret = ret .. 'This ${PAGETYPE} has been' end ret = ret .. ' reduced to a' .. ' simplified, "bare bones" version so that it may be completely' .. ' rewritten to ensure it meets the policies of' .. ' [[WP:NPOV|Neutral Point of View]] and [[WP:V|Verifiability]].' .. ' Standard Wikipedia policies will apply to its rewriting—which' .. ' will eventually be open to all editors—and will be strictly' .. ' enforced. The ${PAGETYPE} has been ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} while' .. ' it is being rebuilt.\n\n' .. 'Any insertion of material directly from' .. ' pre-protection revisions of the ${PAGETYPE} will be removed, as' .. ' will any material added to the ${PAGETYPE} that is not properly' .. ' sourced. The associated talk page(s) were also cleared on the' .. " same date.\n\n" .. "If you can edit this page, please discuss all changes and" .. " additions on the ${TALKPAGE} first. '''Do not override" .. " this action, and do not remove protection from this page," .. " unless you are authorized by the Wikimedia Foundation" .. " to do so. No editor may remove this notice.'''" return ret end, image = 'Office-protection-shackle.svg', link = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#office', }, sock = { description = 'For pages protected due to' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Sock puppetry|sock puppetry]]', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to prevent [[Wikipedia:Sock puppetry|sock puppets]] of' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] or' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Banning policy|banned users]]' .. ' from editing it.', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} to prevent sock puppets of blocked or banned users from' .. ' editing it', }, template = { description = 'For [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|high-risk]]' .. ' templates and Lua modules', text = 'This is a permanently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|protected]] ${PAGETYPE},' .. ' as it is [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|high-risk]].', explanation = 'Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you may' .. ' ${EDITREQUEST} to ask an' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Administrators|administrator]] or' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Template editor|template editor]] to make an edit if' .. ' it is [[Help:Minor edit#When to mark an edit as a minor edit' .. '|uncontroversial]] or supported by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]]. You can also' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]] that the page be' .. ' unprotected.', tooltip = 'This high-risk ${PAGETYPE} is permanently ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}' .. ' to prevent vandalism', alt = 'Permanently protected ${PAGETYPE}', }, usertalk = { description = 'For pages protected against disruptive edits by a' .. ' particular user', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to prevent ${VANDAL} from using it to make disruptive edits,' .. ' such as abusing the' .. ' &#123;&#123;[[Template:unblock|unblock]]&#125;&#125; template.', explanation = 'If you cannot edit this user talk page and you need to' .. ' make a change or leave a message, you can' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for edits to a protected page' .. '|request an edit]],' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]],' .. ' [[Special:Userlogin|log in]],' .. ' or [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].', }, vandalism = { description = 'For pages protected against' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]]', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} due to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]].', explanation = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = '' if protectionObj.level == 'sysop' then ret = ret .. "This protection is '''not''' an endorsement of the" .. ' ${CURRENTVERSION}. ' end return ret .. '${EXPLANATIONBLURB}' end, tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} due to vandalism', } }, move = { dispute = { description = 'For pages protected against page moves due to' .. ' disputes over the page title', explanation = "This protection is '''not''' an endorsement of the" .. ' ${CURRENTVERSION}. ${EXPLANATIONBLURB}', image = 'Move-protection-shackle.svg' }, vandalism = { description = 'For pages protected against' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Vandalism#Page-move vandalism' .. ' |page-move vandalism]]' } }, autoreview = {}, upload = {} }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- GENERAL DATA TABLES -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection blurbs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table produces the protection blurbs available with the -- ${PROTECTIONBLURB} parameter. It is sorted by protection action and -- protection level, and is checked by the module in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level -- 3. "edit" protection action, default protection level -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. protectionBlurbs = { edit = { default = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#full|' .. 'protected]] from editing', templateeditor = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#template' .. '|protected]] from editing', autoconfirmed = 'Editing of this ${PAGETYPE} by [[Wikipedia:User access' .. ' levels#New users|new]] or [[Wikipedia:User access levels#Unregistered' .. ' users|unregistered]] users is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection' .. ' policy#semi|disabled]]', extendedconfirmed = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently under [[Wikipedia:Protection' .. ' policy#extended|extended confirmed protection]]', }, move = { default = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#Move' .. ' protection|protected]] from [[Help:Moving a page|page moves]]' }, autoreview = { default = 'All edits made to this ${PAGETYPE} by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:User access levels#New users|new]] or' .. ' [[Wikipedia:User access levels#Unregistered users|unregistered]]' .. ' users are currently' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Pending changes|subject to review]]' }, upload = { default = 'Uploading new versions of this ${PAGETYPE} is currently disabled' } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Explanation blurbs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table produces the explanation blurbs available with the -- ${EXPLANATIONBLURB} parameter. It is sorted by protection action, -- protection level, and whether the page is a talk page or not. If the page is -- a talk page it will have a talk key of "talk"; otherwise it will have a talk -- key of "subject". The table is checked in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level, page's talk key -- 2. page's protection action, page's protection level, default talk key -- 3. page's protection action, default protection level, page's talk key -- 4. page's protection action, default protection level, default talk key -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. explanationBlurbs = { edit = { autoconfirmed = { subject = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details. If you' .. ' cannot edit this ${PAGETYPE} and you wish to make a change, you can' .. ' ${EDITREQUEST}, discuss changes on the ${TALKPAGE},' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]], [[Special:Userlogin|log in]], or' .. ' [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].', default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details. If you' .. ' cannot edit this ${PAGETYPE} and you wish to make a change, you can' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]], [[Special:Userlogin|log in]], or' .. ' [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].', }, extendedconfirmed = { default = 'Extended confirmed protection prevents edits from all unregistered editors' .. ' and registered users with fewer than 30 days tenure and 500 edits.' .. ' The [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#extended|policy on community use]]' .. ' specifies that extended confirmed protection can be applied to combat' .. ' disruption, if semi-protection has proven to be ineffective.' .. ' Extended confirmed protection may also be applied to enforce' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee|arbitration sanctions]].' .. ' Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you may' .. ' ${EDITREQUEST} to ask for uncontroversial changes supported by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]].' }, default = { subject = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you' .. ' may ${EDITREQUEST} to ask an' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Administrators|administrator]] to make an edit if it' .. ' is [[Help:Minor edit#When to mark an edit as a minor edit' .. '|uncontroversial]] or supported by [[Wikipedia:Consensus' .. '|consensus]]. You may also [[Wikipedia:Requests for' .. ' page protection#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request]] that this page be unprotected.', default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' You may [[Wikipedia:Requests for page' .. ' protection#Current requests for edits to a protected page|request an' .. ' edit]] to this page, or [[Wikipedia:Requests for' .. ' page protection#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|ask]] for it to be unprotected.' } }, move = { default = { subject = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' The page may still be edited but cannot be moved' .. ' until unprotected. Please discuss any suggested moves on the' .. ' ${TALKPAGE} or at [[Wikipedia:Requested moves]]. You can also' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]] that the page be' .. ' unprotected.', default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' The page may still be edited but cannot be moved' .. ' until unprotected. Please discuss any suggested moves at' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requested moves]]. You can also' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]] that the page be' .. ' unprotected.' } }, autoreview = { default = { default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' Edits to this ${PAGETYPE} by new and unregistered users' .. ' will not be visible to readers until they are accepted by' .. ' a reviewer. To avoid the need for your edits to be' .. ' reviewed, you may' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]], [[Special:Userlogin|log in]], or' .. ' [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].' }, }, upload = { default = { default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' The page may still be edited but new versions of the file' .. ' cannot be uploaded until it is unprotected. You can' .. ' request that a new version be uploaded by using a' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Edit requests|protected edit request]], or you' .. ' can [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]]' .. ' that the file be unprotected.' } } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection levels -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table provides the data for the ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} parameter, which -- produces a short label for different protection levels. It is sorted by -- protection action and protection level, and is checked in the following -- order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level -- 3. "edit" protection action, default protection level -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. protectionLevels = { edit = { default = 'protected', templateeditor = 'template-protected', extendedconfirmed = 'extended-confirmed-protected', autoconfirmed = 'semi-protected', }, move = { default = 'move-protected' }, autoreview = { }, upload = { default = 'upload-protected' } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Images -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table lists different padlock images for each protection action and -- protection level. It is used if an image is not specified in any of the -- banner data tables, and if the page does not satisfy the conditions for using -- the ['image-filename-indef'] image. It is checked in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level images = { edit = { default = 'Full-protection-shackle.svg', templateeditor = 'Template-protection-shackle.svg', extendedconfirmed = 'Extended-protection-shackle.svg', autoconfirmed = 'Semi-protection-shackle.svg' }, move = { default = 'Move-protection-shackle.svg', }, autoreview = { default = 'Pending-protection-shackle.svg' }, upload = { default = 'Upload-protection-shackle.svg' } }, -- Pages with a reason specified in this table will show the special "indef" -- padlock, defined in the 'image-filename-indef' message, if no expiry is set. indefImageReasons = { template = true }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Image links -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table provides the data for the ${IMAGELINK} parameter, which gets -- the image link for small padlock icons based on the page's protection action -- and protection level. It is checked in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level -- 3. "edit" protection action, default protection level -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. imageLinks = { edit = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#full', templateeditor = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#template', extendedconfirmed = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#extended', autoconfirmed = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#semi' }, move = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#move' }, autoreview = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#pending' }, upload = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#upload' } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Padlock indicator names -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table provides the "name" attribute for the <indicator> extension tag -- with which small padlock icons are generated. All indicator tags on a page -- are displayed in alphabetical order based on this attribute, and with -- indicator tags with duplicate names, the last tag on the page wins. -- The attribute is chosen based on the protection action; table keys must be a -- protection action name or the string "default". padlockIndicatorNames = { autoreview = 'pp-autoreview', default = 'pp-default' }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection categories -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --[[ -- The protection categories are stored in the protectionCategories table. -- Keys to this table are made up of the following strings: -- -- 1. the expiry date -- 2. the namespace -- 3. the protection reason (e.g. "dispute" or "vandalism") -- 4. the protection level (e.g. "sysop" or "autoconfirmed") -- 5. the action (e.g. "edit" or "move") -- -- When the module looks up a category in the table, first it will will check to -- see a key exists that corresponds to all five parameters. For example, a -- user page semi-protected from vandalism for two weeks would have the key -- "temp-user-vandalism-autoconfirmed-edit". If no match is found, the module -- changes the first part of the key to "all" and checks the table again. It -- keeps checking increasingly generic key combinations until it finds the -- field, or until it reaches the key "all-all-all-all-all". -- -- The module uses a binary matrix to determine the order in which to search. -- This is best demonstrated by a table. In this table, the "0" values -- represent "all", and the "1" values represent the original data (e.g. -- "indef" or "file" or "vandalism"). -- -- expiry namespace reason level action -- order -- 1 1 1 1 1 1 -- 2 0 1 1 1 1 -- 3 1 0 1 1 1 -- 4 0 0 1 1 1 -- 5 1 1 0 1 1 -- 6 0 1 0 1 1 -- 7 1 0 0 1 1 -- 8 0 0 0 1 1 -- 9 1 1 1 0 1 -- 10 0 1 1 0 1 -- 11 1 0 1 0 1 -- 12 0 0 1 0 1 -- 13 1 1 0 0 1 -- 14 0 1 0 0 1 -- 15 1 0 0 0 1 -- 16 0 0 0 0 1 -- 17 1 1 1 1 0 -- 18 0 1 1 1 0 -- 19 1 0 1 1 0 -- 20 0 0 1 1 0 -- 21 1 1 0 1 0 -- 22 0 1 0 1 0 -- 23 1 0 0 1 0 -- 24 0 0 0 1 0 -- 25 1 1 1 0 0 -- 26 0 1 1 0 0 -- 27 1 0 1 0 0 -- 28 0 0 1 0 0 -- 29 1 1 0 0 0 -- 30 0 1 0 0 0 -- 31 1 0 0 0 0 -- 32 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- In this scheme the action has the highest priority, as it is the last -- to change, and the expiry has the least priority, as it changes the most. -- The priorities of the expiry, the protection level and the action are -- fixed, but the priorities of the reason and the namespace can be swapped -- through the use of the cfg.bannerDataNamespaceHasPriority table. --]] -- If the reason specified to the template is listed in this table, -- namespace data will take priority over reason data in the protectionCategories -- table. reasonsWithNamespacePriority = { vandalism = true, }, -- The string to use as a namespace key for the protectionCategories table for each -- namespace number. categoryNamespaceKeys = { [ 2] = 'user', [ 3] = 'user', [ 4] = 'project', [ 6] = 'file', [ 8] = 'mediawiki', [ 10] = 'template', [ 12] = 'project', [ 14] = 'category', [100] = 'portal', [828] = 'module', }, protectionCategories = { ['all|all|all|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected pages', ['all|all|office|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia Office-protected pages', ['all|all|reset|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia Office-protected pages', ['all|all|dmca|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia Office-protected pages', ['all|all|mainpage|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected main page files', ['all|all|all|extendedconfirmed|all'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages', ['all|all|ecp|extendedconfirmed|all'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages', ['all|template|all|all|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected templates', ['all|all|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected pages', ['indef|all|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages', ['all|all|blp|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people', ['temp|all|blp|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia temporarily semi-protected biographies of living people', ['all|all|dispute|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages semi-protected due to dispute', ['all|all|sock|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages semi-protected from banned users', ['all|all|vandalism|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism', ['all|category|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected categories', ['all|file|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected files', ['all|portal|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected portals', ['all|project|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected project pages', ['all|talk|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected talk pages', ['all|template|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected templates', ['all|user|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected user and user talk pages', ['all|all|all|templateeditor|move'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected pages other than templates and modules', ['all|all|all|templateeditor|edit'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected pages other than templates and modules', ['all|template|all|templateeditor|edit'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected templates', ['all|template|all|templateeditor|move'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected templates', -- move-protected templates ['all|all|blp|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely protected biographies of living people', ['temp|all|blp|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia temporarily protected biographies of living people', ['all|all|dispute|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages protected due to dispute', ['all|all|sock|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages protected from banned users', ['all|all|vandalism|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages protected against vandalism', ['all|category|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected categories', ['all|file|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected files', ['all|project|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected project pages', ['all|talk|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected talk pages', ['all|template|all|extendedconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected templates', ['all|template|all|extendedconfirmed|move'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected templates', ['all|template|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected templates', ['all|user|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected user and user talk pages', ['all|module|all|all|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected modules', ['all|module|all|templateeditor|edit'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected modules', ['all|module|all|extendedconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected modules', ['all|module|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected modules', ['all|all|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected pages', ['indef|all|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages', ['all|all|dispute|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia pages move-protected due to dispute', ['all|all|vandalism|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia pages move-protected due to vandalism', ['all|portal|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected portals', ['all|project|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected project pages', ['all|talk|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected talk pages', ['all|template|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected templates', ['all|user|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected user and user talk pages', ['all|all|all|autoconfirmed|autoreview'] = 'Wikipedia pending changes protected pages', ['all|file|all|all|upload'] = 'Wikipedia upload-protected files', }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Expiry category config -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table configures the expiry category behaviour for each protection -- action. -- * If set to true, setting that action will always categorise the page if -- an expiry parameter is not set. -- * If set to false, setting that action will never categorise the page. -- * If set to nil, the module will categorise the page if: -- 1) an expiry parameter is not set, and -- 2) a reason is provided, and -- 3) the specified reason is not blacklisted in the reasonsWithoutExpiryCheck -- table. expiryCheckActions = { edit = nil, move = false, autoreview = true, upload = false }, reasonsWithoutExpiryCheck = { blp = true, template = true, }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Pagetypes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table produces the page types available with the ${PAGETYPE} parameter. -- Keys are namespace numbers, or the string "default" for the default value. pagetypes = { [0] = 'article', [6] = 'file', [10] = 'template', [14] = 'category', [828] = 'module', default = 'page' }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Strings marking indefinite protection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table contains values passed to the expiry parameter that mean the page -- is protected indefinitely. indefStrings = { ['indef'] = true, ['indefinite'] = true, ['indefinitely'] = true, ['infinite'] = true, }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Group hierarchy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table maps each group to all groups that have a superset of the original -- group's page editing permissions. hierarchy = { sysop = {}, reviewer = {'sysop'}, filemover = {'sysop'}, templateeditor = {'sysop'}, extendedconfirmed = {'sysop'}, autoconfirmed = {'reviewer', 'filemover', 'templateeditor', 'extendedconfirmed'}, user = {'autoconfirmed'}, ['*'] = {'user'} }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Wrapper templates and their default arguments -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table contains wrapper templates used with the module, and their -- default arguments. Templates specified in this table should contain the -- following invocation, and no other template content: -- -- {{#invoke:Protection banner|main}} -- -- If other content is desired, it can be added between -- <noinclude>...</noinclude> tags. -- -- When a user calls one of these wrapper templates, they will use the -- default arguments automatically. However, users can override any of the -- arguments. wrappers = { ['Template:Protected page'] = {}, ['Template:Extended confirmed–protected'] = {'ecp'}, ['Template:Protected biography of a living person'] = {'blp'}, ['Template:Protected due to a dispute'] = {'dispute'}, ['Template:Move-protected'] = {action = 'move', catonly = 'yes'}, ['Template:Move-protected due to a dispute'] = {'dispute', action = 'move', catonly = 'yes'}, ['Template:Move-protected due to vandalism'] = {'vandalism', action = 'move', catonly = 'yes'}, ['Template:Office-protected'] = {'office'}, ['Template:Pending changes–protected'] = {action = 'autoreview', small = true}, ['Template:Semi-protected indefinitely'] = {small = true}, ['Template:Protected due to sockpuppetry'] = {'sock'}, ['Template:Template-protected'] = {'template', small = true}, ['Template:Upload-protected'] = {action = 'upload'}, ['Template:Protected talk page of a blocked user'] = {'usertalk'}, ['Template:Protected due to vandalism'] = {'vandalism'}, }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- MESSAGES -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- msg = { -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Intro blurb and intro fragment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages specify what is produced by the ${INTROBLURB} and -- ${INTROFRAGMENT} parameters. If the protection is temporary they use the -- intro-blurb-expiry or intro-fragment-expiry, and if not they use -- intro-blurb-noexpiry or intro-fragment-noexpiry. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['intro-blurb-expiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB} until ${EXPIRY}.', ['intro-blurb-noexpiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB}.', ['intro-fragment-expiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB} until ${EXPIRY},', ['intro-fragment-noexpiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB}', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Tooltip blurb -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages specify what is produced by the ${TOOLTIPBLURB} parameter. -- If the protection is temporary the tooltip-blurb-expiry message is used, and -- if not the tooltip-blurb-noexpiry message is used. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['tooltip-blurb-expiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} until ${EXPIRY}.', ['tooltip-blurb-noexpiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}.', ['tooltip-fragment-expiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} until ${EXPIRY},', ['tooltip-fragment-noexpiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Special explanation blurb -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- An explanation blurb for pages that cannot be unprotected, e.g. for pages -- in the MediaWiki namespace. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in this message. ['explanation-blurb-nounprotect'] = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you' .. ' may ${EDITREQUEST} to ask an' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Administrators|administrator]] to make an edit if it' .. ' is [[Help:Minor edit#When to mark an edit as a minor edit' .. '|uncontroversial]] or supported by [[Wikipedia:Consensus' .. '|consensus]].', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection log display values -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages determine the display values for the protection log link -- or the pending changes log link produced by the ${PROTECTIONLOG} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['protection-log-display'] = 'protection log', ['pc-log-display'] = 'pending changes log', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Current version display values -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages determine the display values for the page history link -- or the move log link produced by the ${CURRENTVERSION} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['current-version-move-display'] = 'current title', ['current-version-edit-display'] = 'current version', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Talk page -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This message determines the display value of the talk page link produced -- with the ${TALKPAGE} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in this message. ['talk-page-link-display'] = 'talk page', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Edit requests -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This message determines the display value of the edit request link produced -- with the ${EDITREQUEST} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in this message. ['edit-request-display'] = 'submit an edit request', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Expiry date format -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This is the format for the blurb expiry date. It should be valid input for -- the first parameter of the #time parser function. ['expiry-date-format'] = 'F j, Y "at" H:i e', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Tracking categories -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages determine which tracking categories the module outputs. ['tracking-category-incorrect'] = 'Wikipedia pages with incorrect protection templates', ['tracking-category-template'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected pages other than templates and modules', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Images -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These are images that are not defined by their protection action and protection level. ['image-filename-indef'] = 'Full-protection-shackle.svg', ['image-filename-default'] = 'Transparent.gif', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- End messages -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- End configuration -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- } pj6zo6l44p4bk4pwax9tlbkyf7cpx34 120980 120979 2026-09-04T22:03:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protected_page/config]] 120979 Scribunto text/plain -- This module provides configuration data for [[Module:Protection banner]]. return { -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- BANNER DATA -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --[[ -- Banner data consists of six fields: -- * text - the main protection text that appears at the top of protection -- banners. -- * explanation - the text that appears below the main protection text, used -- to explain the details of the protection. -- * tooltip - the tooltip text you see when you move the mouse over a small -- padlock icon. -- * link - the page that the small padlock icon links to. -- * alt - the alt text for the small padlock icon. This is also used as tooltip -- text for the large protection banners. -- * image - the padlock image used in both protection banners and small padlock -- icons. -- -- The module checks in three separate tables to find a value for each field. -- First it checks the banners table, which has values specific to the reason -- for the page being protected. Then the module checks the defaultBanners -- table, which has values specific to each protection level. Finally, the -- module checks the masterBanner table, which holds data for protection -- templates to use if no data has been found in the previous two tables. -- -- The values in the banner data can take parameters. These are specified -- using ${TEXTLIKETHIS} (a dollar sign preceding a parameter name -- enclosed in curly braces). -- -- Available parameters: -- -- ${CURRENTVERSION} - a link to the page history or the move log, with the -- display message "current-version-edit-display" or -- "current-version-move-display". -- -- ${EDITREQUEST} - a link to create an edit request for the current page. -- -- ${EXPLANATIONBLURB} - an explanation blurb, e.g. "Please discuss any changes -- on the talk page; you may submit a request to ask an administrator to make -- an edit if it is minor or supported by consensus." -- -- ${IMAGELINK} - a link to set the image to, depending on the protection -- action and protection level. -- -- ${INTROBLURB} - the PROTECTIONBLURB parameter, plus the expiry if an expiry -- is set. E.g. "Editing of this page by new or unregistered users is currently -- disabled until dd Month YYYY." -- -- ${INTROFRAGMENT} - the same as ${INTROBLURB}, but without final punctuation -- so that it can be used in run-on sentences. -- -- ${PAGETYPE} - the type of the page, e.g. "article" or "template". -- Defined in the cfg.pagetypes table. -- -- ${PROTECTIONBLURB} - a blurb explaining the protection level of the page, e.g. -- "Editing of this page by new or unregistered users is currently disabled" -- -- ${PROTECTIONDATE} - the protection date, if it has been supplied to the -- template. -- -- ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} - the protection level, e.g. "fully protected" or -- "semi-protected". -- -- ${PROTECTIONLOG} - a link to the protection log or the pending changes log, -- depending on the protection action. -- -- ${TALKPAGE} - a link to the talk page. If a section is specified, links -- straight to that talk page section. -- -- ${TOOLTIPBLURB} - uses the PAGETYPE, PROTECTIONTYPE and EXPIRY parameters to -- create a blurb like "This template is semi-protected", or "This article is -- move-protected until DD Month YYYY". -- -- ${VANDAL} - links for the specified username (or the root page name) -- using Module:Vandal-m. -- -- Functions -- -- For advanced users, it is possible to use Lua functions instead of strings -- in the banner config tables. Using functions gives flexibility that is not -- possible just by using parameters. Functions take two arguments, the -- protection object and the template arguments, and they must output a string. -- -- For example: -- -- text = function (protectionObj, args) -- if protectionObj.level == 'autoconfirmed' then -- return 'foo' -- else -- return 'bar' -- end -- end -- -- Some protection object properties and methods that may be useful: -- protectionObj.action - the protection action -- protectionObj.level - the protection level -- protectionObj.reason - the protection reason -- protectionObj.expiry - the expiry. Nil if unset, the string "indef" if set -- to indefinite, and the protection time in unix time if temporary. -- protectionObj.protectionDate - the protection date in unix time, or nil if -- unspecified. -- protectionObj.bannerConfig - the banner config found by the module. Beware -- of editing the config field used by the function, as it could create an -- infinite loop. -- protectionObj:isProtected - returns a boolean showing whether the page is -- protected. -- protectionObj:isTemporary - returns a boolean showing whether the expiry is -- temporary. -- protectionObj:isIncorrect - returns a boolean showing whether the protection -- template is incorrect. --]] -- The master banner data, used if no values have been found in banners or -- defaultBanners. masterBanner = { text = '${INTROBLURB}', explanation = '${EXPLANATIONBLURB}', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPBLURB}', link = '${IMAGELINK}', alt = 'Page ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}' }, -- The default banner data. This holds banner data for different protection -- levels. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. defaultBanners = { edit = {}, move = {}, autoreview = { default = { alt = 'Page protected with pending changes', tooltip = 'All edits by unregistered and new users are subject to review prior to becoming visible to unregistered users', image = 'Pending-protection-shackle.svg' } }, upload = {} }, -- The banner data. This holds banner data for different protection reasons. -- In fact, the reasons specified in this table control which reasons are -- valid inputs to the first positional parameter. -- -- There is also a non-standard "description" field that can be used for items -- in this table. This is a description of the protection reason for use in the -- module documentation. -- -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. banners = { edit = { blp = { description = 'For pages protected to promote compliance with the' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons' .. '|biographies of living persons]] policy', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to promote compliance with' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons' .. "|Wikipedia's&nbsp;policy on&nbsp;the&nbsp;biographies" .. ' of&nbsp;living&nbsp;people]].', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} to promote compliance with the policy on' .. ' biographies of living persons', }, deceased = { description = 'For user pages of Wikipedia users who are deceased', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to prevent vandalism of a deceased' .. ' Wikipedian\'s user page.' .. ' A family member who wishes to edit this user page can use this' .. ' user\'s ${TALKPAGE} or submit a request to [[Wikipedia:VRT|the' .. ' Volunteer Response Team]].', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} because this Wikipedian is deceased' }, dmca = { description = 'For pages protected by the Wikimedia Foundation' .. ' due to [[Digital Millennium Copyright Act]] takedown requests', explanation = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = 'Pursuant to a rights owner notice under the Digital' .. ' Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) regarding some content' .. ' in this article, the Wikimedia Foundation acted under' .. ' applicable law and took down and restricted the content' .. ' in question.' if args.notice then ret = ret .. ' A copy of the received notice can be found here: ' .. args.notice .. '.' end ret = ret .. ' For more information, including websites discussing' .. ' how to file a counter-notice, please see' .. " [[Wikipedia:Office actions]] and the article's ${TALKPAGE}." .. "'''Do not remove this template from the article until the" .. " restrictions are withdrawn'''." return ret end, image = 'Office-protection-shackle.svg', link = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#office', }, dispute = { description = 'For pages protected due to editing disputes', text = function (protectionObj, args) -- Find the value of "disputes". local display = 'disputes' local disputes if args.section then disputes = string.format( '[[%s:%s#%s|%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[protectionObj.title.namespace].talk.name, protectionObj.title.text, args.section, display ) else disputes = display end -- Make the blurb, depending on the expiry. local msg if type(protectionObj.expiry) == 'number' then msg = '${INTROFRAGMENT} or until editing %s have been resolved.' else msg = '${INTROFRAGMENT} until editing %s have been resolved.' end return string.format(msg, disputes) end, explanation = "This protection is '''not''' an endorsement of the" .. ' ${CURRENTVERSION}. ${EXPLANATIONBLURB}', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} due to editing disputes', }, ecp = { description = 'For articles in topic areas authorized by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee|ArbCom]] or' .. ' meets the criteria for community use', alt = 'Extended-protected ${PAGETYPE}', }, mainpage = { description = 'For pages protected for being displayed on the [[Main Page]]', text = 'This file is currently' .. ' [[Wikipedia:This page is protected|protected]] from' .. ' editing because it is currently or will soon be displayed' .. ' on the [[Main Page]].', explanation = 'Images on the Main Page are protected due to their high' .. ' visibility. Please discuss any necessary changes on the ${TALKPAGE}.' .. '<br /><span style="font-size:90%;">' .. "'''Administrators:''' Once this image is definitely off the Main Page," .. ' please unprotect this file, or reduce to semi-protection,' .. ' as appropriate.</span>', }, office = { description = 'For pages protected by the Wikimedia Foundation', text = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently under the' .. ' scrutiny of the' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Office actions|Wikimedia Foundation Office]]' .. ' and is protected.' if protectionObj.protectionDate then ret = ret .. ' It has been protected since ${PROTECTIONDATE}.' end return ret end, explanation = "If you can edit this page, please discuss all changes and" .. " additions on the ${TALKPAGE} first. '''Do not remove protection from this" .. " page unless you are authorized by the Wikimedia Foundation to do" .. " so.'''", image = 'Office-protection-shackle.svg', link = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#office', }, reset = { description = 'For pages protected by the Wikimedia Foundation and' .. ' "reset" to a bare-bones version', text = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently under the' .. ' scrutiny of the' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Office actions|Wikimedia Foundation Office]]' .. ' and is protected.', explanation = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = '' if protectionObj.protectionDate then ret = ret .. 'On ${PROTECTIONDATE} this ${PAGETYPE} was' else ret = ret .. 'This ${PAGETYPE} has been' end ret = ret .. ' reduced to a' .. ' simplified, "bare bones" version so that it may be completely' .. ' rewritten to ensure it meets the policies of' .. ' [[WP:NPOV|Neutral Point of View]] and [[WP:V|Verifiability]].' .. ' Standard Wikipedia policies will apply to its rewriting—which' .. ' will eventually be open to all editors—and will be strictly' .. ' enforced. The ${PAGETYPE} has been ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} while' .. ' it is being rebuilt.\n\n' .. 'Any insertion of material directly from' .. ' pre-protection revisions of the ${PAGETYPE} will be removed, as' .. ' will any material added to the ${PAGETYPE} that is not properly' .. ' sourced. The associated talk page(s) were also cleared on the' .. " same date.\n\n" .. "If you can edit this page, please discuss all changes and" .. " additions on the ${TALKPAGE} first. '''Do not override" .. " this action, and do not remove protection from this page," .. " unless you are authorized by the Wikimedia Foundation" .. " to do so. No editor may remove this notice.'''" return ret end, image = 'Office-protection-shackle.svg', link = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#office', }, sock = { description = 'For pages protected due to' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Sock puppetry|sock puppetry]]', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to prevent [[Wikipedia:Sock puppetry|sock puppets]] of' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] or' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Banning policy|banned users]]' .. ' from editing it.', tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} to prevent sock puppets of blocked or banned users from' .. ' editing it', }, template = { description = 'For [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|high-risk]]' .. ' templates and Lua modules', text = 'This is a permanently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|protected]] ${PAGETYPE},' .. ' as it is [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|high-risk]].', explanation = 'Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you may' .. ' ${EDITREQUEST} to ask an' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Administrators|administrator]] or' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Template editor|template editor]] to make an edit if' .. ' it is [[Help:Minor edit#When to mark an edit as a minor edit' .. '|uncontroversial]] or supported by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]]. You can also' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]] that the page be' .. ' unprotected.', tooltip = 'This high-risk ${PAGETYPE} is permanently ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}' .. ' to prevent vandalism', alt = 'Permanently protected ${PAGETYPE}', }, usertalk = { description = 'For pages protected against disruptive edits by a' .. ' particular user', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} to prevent ${VANDAL} from using it to make disruptive edits,' .. ' such as abusing the' .. ' &#123;&#123;[[Template:unblock|unblock]]&#125;&#125; template.', explanation = 'If you cannot edit this user talk page and you need to' .. ' make a change or leave a message, you can' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for edits to a protected page' .. '|request an edit]],' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]],' .. ' [[Special:Userlogin|log in]],' .. ' or [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].', }, vandalism = { description = 'For pages protected against' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]]', text = '${INTROFRAGMENT} due to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]].', explanation = function (protectionObj, args) local ret = '' if protectionObj.level == 'sysop' then ret = ret .. "This protection is '''not''' an endorsement of the" .. ' ${CURRENTVERSION}. ' end return ret .. '${EXPLANATIONBLURB}' end, tooltip = '${TOOLTIPFRAGMENT} due to vandalism', } }, move = { dispute = { description = 'For pages protected against page moves due to' .. ' disputes over the page title', explanation = "This protection is '''not''' an endorsement of the" .. ' ${CURRENTVERSION}. ${EXPLANATIONBLURB}', image = 'Move-protection-shackle.svg' }, vandalism = { description = 'For pages protected against' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Vandalism#Page-move vandalism' .. ' |page-move vandalism]]' } }, autoreview = {}, upload = {} }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- GENERAL DATA TABLES -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection blurbs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table produces the protection blurbs available with the -- ${PROTECTIONBLURB} parameter. It is sorted by protection action and -- protection level, and is checked by the module in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level -- 3. "edit" protection action, default protection level -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. protectionBlurbs = { edit = { default = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#full|' .. 'protected]] from editing', templateeditor = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#template' .. '|protected]] from editing', autoconfirmed = 'Editing of this ${PAGETYPE} by [[Wikipedia:User access' .. ' levels#New users|new]] or [[Wikipedia:User access levels#Unregistered' .. ' users|unregistered]] users is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection' .. ' policy#semi|disabled]]', extendedconfirmed = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently under [[Wikipedia:Protection' .. ' policy#extended|extended confirmed protection]]', }, move = { default = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is currently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#Move' .. ' protection|protected]] from [[Help:Moving a page|page moves]]' }, autoreview = { default = 'All edits made to this ${PAGETYPE} by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:User access levels#New users|new]] or' .. ' [[Wikipedia:User access levels#Unregistered users|unregistered]]' .. ' users are currently' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Pending changes|subject to review]]' }, upload = { default = 'Uploading new versions of this ${PAGETYPE} is currently disabled' } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Explanation blurbs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table produces the explanation blurbs available with the -- ${EXPLANATIONBLURB} parameter. It is sorted by protection action, -- protection level, and whether the page is a talk page or not. If the page is -- a talk page it will have a talk key of "talk"; otherwise it will have a talk -- key of "subject". The table is checked in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level, page's talk key -- 2. page's protection action, page's protection level, default talk key -- 3. page's protection action, default protection level, page's talk key -- 4. page's protection action, default protection level, default talk key -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. explanationBlurbs = { edit = { autoconfirmed = { subject = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details. If you' .. ' cannot edit this ${PAGETYPE} and you wish to make a change, you can' .. ' ${EDITREQUEST}, discuss changes on the ${TALKPAGE},' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]], [[Special:Userlogin|log in]], or' .. ' [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].', default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details. If you' .. ' cannot edit this ${PAGETYPE} and you wish to make a change, you can' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]], [[Special:Userlogin|log in]], or' .. ' [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].', }, extendedconfirmed = { default = 'Extended confirmed protection prevents edits from all unregistered editors' .. ' and registered users with fewer than 30 days tenure and 500 edits.' .. ' The [[Wikipedia:Protection policy#extended|policy on community use]]' .. ' specifies that extended confirmed protection can be applied to combat' .. ' disruption, if semi-protection has proven to be ineffective.' .. ' Extended confirmed protection may also be applied to enforce' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee|arbitration sanctions]].' .. ' Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you may' .. ' ${EDITREQUEST} to ask for uncontroversial changes supported by' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]].' }, default = { subject = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you' .. ' may ${EDITREQUEST} to ask an' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Administrators|administrator]] to make an edit if it' .. ' is [[Help:Minor edit#When to mark an edit as a minor edit' .. '|uncontroversial]] or supported by [[Wikipedia:Consensus' .. '|consensus]]. You may also [[Wikipedia:Requests for' .. ' page protection#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request]] that this page be unprotected.', default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' You may [[Wikipedia:Requests for page' .. ' protection#Current requests for edits to a protected page|request an' .. ' edit]] to this page, or [[Wikipedia:Requests for' .. ' page protection#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|ask]] for it to be unprotected.' } }, move = { default = { subject = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' The page may still be edited but cannot be moved' .. ' until unprotected. Please discuss any suggested moves on the' .. ' ${TALKPAGE} or at [[Wikipedia:Requested moves]]. You can also' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]] that the page be' .. ' unprotected.', default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' The page may still be edited but cannot be moved' .. ' until unprotected. Please discuss any suggested moves at' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requested moves]]. You can also' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]] that the page be' .. ' unprotected.' } }, autoreview = { default = { default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' Edits to this ${PAGETYPE} by new and unregistered users' .. ' will not be visible to readers until they are accepted by' .. ' a reviewer. To avoid the need for your edits to be' .. ' reviewed, you may' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection' .. '#Current requests for reduction in protection level' .. '|request unprotection]], [[Special:Userlogin|log in]], or' .. ' [[Special:UserLogin/signup|create an account]].' }, }, upload = { default = { default = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' The page may still be edited but new versions of the file' .. ' cannot be uploaded until it is unprotected. You can' .. ' request that a new version be uploaded by using a' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Edit requests|protected edit request]], or you' .. ' can [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|request]]' .. ' that the file be unprotected.' } } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection levels -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table provides the data for the ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} parameter, which -- produces a short label for different protection levels. It is sorted by -- protection action and protection level, and is checked in the following -- order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level -- 3. "edit" protection action, default protection level -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. protectionLevels = { edit = { default = 'protected', templateeditor = 'template-protected', extendedconfirmed = 'extended-confirmed-protected', autoconfirmed = 'semi-protected', }, move = { default = 'move-protected' }, autoreview = { }, upload = { default = 'upload-protected' } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Images -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table lists different padlock images for each protection action and -- protection level. It is used if an image is not specified in any of the -- banner data tables, and if the page does not satisfy the conditions for using -- the ['image-filename-indef'] image. It is checked in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level images = { edit = { default = 'Full-protection-shackle.svg', templateeditor = 'Template-protection-shackle.svg', extendedconfirmed = 'Extended-protection-shackle.svg', autoconfirmed = 'Semi-protection-shackle.svg' }, move = { default = 'Move-protection-shackle.svg', }, autoreview = { default = 'Pending-protection-shackle.svg' }, upload = { default = 'Upload-protection-shackle.svg' } }, -- Pages with a reason specified in this table will show the special "indef" -- padlock, defined in the 'image-filename-indef' message, if no expiry is set. indefImageReasons = { template = true }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Image links -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table provides the data for the ${IMAGELINK} parameter, which gets -- the image link for small padlock icons based on the page's protection action -- and protection level. It is checked in the following order: -- 1. page's protection action, page's protection level -- 2. page's protection action, default protection level -- 3. "edit" protection action, default protection level -- -- It is possible to use banner parameters inside this table. -- *required* - this table needs edit, move, autoreview and upload subtables. imageLinks = { edit = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#full', templateeditor = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#template', extendedconfirmed = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#extended', autoconfirmed = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#semi' }, move = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#move' }, autoreview = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#pending' }, upload = { default = 'Wikipedia:Protection policy#upload' } }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Padlock indicator names -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table provides the "name" attribute for the <indicator> extension tag -- with which small padlock icons are generated. All indicator tags on a page -- are displayed in alphabetical order based on this attribute, and with -- indicator tags with duplicate names, the last tag on the page wins. -- The attribute is chosen based on the protection action; table keys must be a -- protection action name or the string "default". padlockIndicatorNames = { autoreview = 'pp-autoreview', default = 'pp-default' }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection categories -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --[[ -- The protection categories are stored in the protectionCategories table. -- Keys to this table are made up of the following strings: -- -- 1. the expiry date -- 2. the namespace -- 3. the protection reason (e.g. "dispute" or "vandalism") -- 4. the protection level (e.g. "sysop" or "autoconfirmed") -- 5. the action (e.g. "edit" or "move") -- -- When the module looks up a category in the table, first it will will check to -- see a key exists that corresponds to all five parameters. For example, a -- user page semi-protected from vandalism for two weeks would have the key -- "temp-user-vandalism-autoconfirmed-edit". If no match is found, the module -- changes the first part of the key to "all" and checks the table again. It -- keeps checking increasingly generic key combinations until it finds the -- field, or until it reaches the key "all-all-all-all-all". -- -- The module uses a binary matrix to determine the order in which to search. -- This is best demonstrated by a table. In this table, the "0" values -- represent "all", and the "1" values represent the original data (e.g. -- "indef" or "file" or "vandalism"). -- -- expiry namespace reason level action -- order -- 1 1 1 1 1 1 -- 2 0 1 1 1 1 -- 3 1 0 1 1 1 -- 4 0 0 1 1 1 -- 5 1 1 0 1 1 -- 6 0 1 0 1 1 -- 7 1 0 0 1 1 -- 8 0 0 0 1 1 -- 9 1 1 1 0 1 -- 10 0 1 1 0 1 -- 11 1 0 1 0 1 -- 12 0 0 1 0 1 -- 13 1 1 0 0 1 -- 14 0 1 0 0 1 -- 15 1 0 0 0 1 -- 16 0 0 0 0 1 -- 17 1 1 1 1 0 -- 18 0 1 1 1 0 -- 19 1 0 1 1 0 -- 20 0 0 1 1 0 -- 21 1 1 0 1 0 -- 22 0 1 0 1 0 -- 23 1 0 0 1 0 -- 24 0 0 0 1 0 -- 25 1 1 1 0 0 -- 26 0 1 1 0 0 -- 27 1 0 1 0 0 -- 28 0 0 1 0 0 -- 29 1 1 0 0 0 -- 30 0 1 0 0 0 -- 31 1 0 0 0 0 -- 32 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- In this scheme the action has the highest priority, as it is the last -- to change, and the expiry has the least priority, as it changes the most. -- The priorities of the expiry, the protection level and the action are -- fixed, but the priorities of the reason and the namespace can be swapped -- through the use of the cfg.bannerDataNamespaceHasPriority table. --]] -- If the reason specified to the template is listed in this table, -- namespace data will take priority over reason data in the protectionCategories -- table. reasonsWithNamespacePriority = { vandalism = true, }, -- The string to use as a namespace key for the protectionCategories table for each -- namespace number. categoryNamespaceKeys = { [ 2] = 'user', [ 3] = 'user', [ 4] = 'project', [ 6] = 'file', [ 8] = 'mediawiki', [ 10] = 'template', [ 12] = 'project', [ 14] = 'category', [100] = 'portal', [828] = 'module', }, protectionCategories = { ['all|all|all|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected pages', ['all|all|office|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia Office-protected pages', ['all|all|reset|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia Office-protected pages', ['all|all|dmca|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia Office-protected pages', ['all|all|mainpage|all|all'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected main page files', ['all|all|all|extendedconfirmed|all'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages', ['all|all|ecp|extendedconfirmed|all'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages', ['all|template|all|all|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected templates', ['all|all|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected pages', ['indef|all|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages', ['all|all|blp|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people', ['temp|all|blp|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia temporarily semi-protected biographies of living people', ['all|all|dispute|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages semi-protected due to dispute', ['all|all|sock|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages semi-protected from banned users', ['all|all|vandalism|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism', ['all|category|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected categories', ['all|file|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected files', ['all|portal|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected portals', ['all|project|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected project pages', ['all|talk|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected talk pages', ['all|template|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected templates', ['all|user|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected user and user talk pages', ['all|all|all|templateeditor|move'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected pages other than templates and modules', ['all|all|all|templateeditor|edit'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected pages other than templates and modules', ['all|template|all|templateeditor|edit'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected templates', ['all|template|all|templateeditor|move'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected templates', -- move-protected templates ['all|all|blp|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely protected biographies of living people', ['temp|all|blp|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia temporarily protected biographies of living people', ['all|all|dispute|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages protected due to dispute', ['all|all|sock|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages protected from banned users', ['all|all|vandalism|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia pages protected against vandalism', ['all|category|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected categories', ['all|file|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected files', ['all|project|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected project pages', ['all|talk|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected talk pages', ['all|template|all|extendedconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected templates', ['all|template|all|extendedconfirmed|move'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected templates', ['all|template|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected templates', ['all|user|all|sysop|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected user and user talk pages', ['all|module|all|all|edit'] = 'Wikipedia fully protected modules', ['all|module|all|templateeditor|edit'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected modules', ['all|module|all|extendedconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected modules', ['all|module|all|autoconfirmed|edit'] = 'Wikipedia semi-protected modules', ['all|all|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected pages', ['indef|all|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages', ['all|all|dispute|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia pages move-protected due to dispute', ['all|all|vandalism|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia pages move-protected due to vandalism', ['all|portal|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected portals', ['all|project|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected project pages', ['all|talk|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected talk pages', ['all|template|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected templates', ['all|user|all|sysop|move'] = 'Wikipedia move-protected user and user talk pages', ['all|all|all|autoconfirmed|autoreview'] = 'Wikipedia pending changes protected pages', ['all|file|all|all|upload'] = 'Wikipedia upload-protected files', }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Expiry category config -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table configures the expiry category behaviour for each protection -- action. -- * If set to true, setting that action will always categorise the page if -- an expiry parameter is not set. -- * If set to false, setting that action will never categorise the page. -- * If set to nil, the module will categorise the page if: -- 1) an expiry parameter is not set, and -- 2) a reason is provided, and -- 3) the specified reason is not blacklisted in the reasonsWithoutExpiryCheck -- table. expiryCheckActions = { edit = nil, move = false, autoreview = true, upload = false }, reasonsWithoutExpiryCheck = { blp = true, template = true, }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Pagetypes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table produces the page types available with the ${PAGETYPE} parameter. -- Keys are namespace numbers, or the string "default" for the default value. pagetypes = { [0] = 'article', [6] = 'file', [10] = 'template', [14] = 'category', [828] = 'module', default = 'page' }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Strings marking indefinite protection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table contains values passed to the expiry parameter that mean the page -- is protected indefinitely. indefStrings = { ['indef'] = true, ['indefinite'] = true, ['indefinitely'] = true, ['infinite'] = true, }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Group hierarchy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table maps each group to all groups that have a superset of the original -- group's page editing permissions. hierarchy = { sysop = {}, reviewer = {'sysop'}, filemover = {'sysop'}, templateeditor = {'sysop'}, extendedconfirmed = {'sysop'}, autoconfirmed = {'reviewer', 'filemover', 'templateeditor', 'extendedconfirmed'}, user = {'autoconfirmed'}, ['*'] = {'user'} }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Wrapper templates and their default arguments -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This table contains wrapper templates used with the module, and their -- default arguments. Templates specified in this table should contain the -- following invocation, and no other template content: -- -- {{#invoke:Protection banner|main}} -- -- If other content is desired, it can be added between -- <noinclude>...</noinclude> tags. -- -- When a user calls one of these wrapper templates, they will use the -- default arguments automatically. However, users can override any of the -- arguments. wrappers = { ['Template:Protected page'] = {}, ['Template:Extended confirmed–protected'] = {'ecp'}, ['Template:Protected biography of a living person'] = {'blp'}, ['Template:Protected due to a dispute'] = {'dispute'}, ['Template:Move-protected'] = {action = 'move', catonly = 'yes'}, ['Template:Move-protected due to a dispute'] = {'dispute', action = 'move', catonly = 'yes'}, ['Template:Move-protected due to vandalism'] = {'vandalism', action = 'move', catonly = 'yes'}, ['Template:Office-protected'] = {'office'}, ['Template:Pending changes–protected'] = {action = 'autoreview', small = true}, ['Template:Semi-protected indefinitely'] = {small = true}, ['Template:Protected due to sockpuppetry'] = {'sock'}, ['Template:Template-protected'] = {'template', small = true}, ['Template:Upload-protected'] = {action = 'upload'}, ['Template:Protected talk page of a blocked user'] = {'usertalk'}, ['Template:Protected due to vandalism'] = {'vandalism'}, }, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- MESSAGES -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- msg = { -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Intro blurb and intro fragment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages specify what is produced by the ${INTROBLURB} and -- ${INTROFRAGMENT} parameters. If the protection is temporary they use the -- intro-blurb-expiry or intro-fragment-expiry, and if not they use -- intro-blurb-noexpiry or intro-fragment-noexpiry. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['intro-blurb-expiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB} until ${EXPIRY}.', ['intro-blurb-noexpiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB}.', ['intro-fragment-expiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB} until ${EXPIRY},', ['intro-fragment-noexpiry'] = '${PROTECTIONBLURB}', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Tooltip blurb -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages specify what is produced by the ${TOOLTIPBLURB} parameter. -- If the protection is temporary the tooltip-blurb-expiry message is used, and -- if not the tooltip-blurb-noexpiry message is used. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['tooltip-blurb-expiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} until ${EXPIRY}.', ['tooltip-blurb-noexpiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}.', ['tooltip-fragment-expiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL} until ${EXPIRY},', ['tooltip-fragment-noexpiry'] = 'This ${PAGETYPE} is ${PROTECTIONLEVEL}', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Special explanation blurb -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- An explanation blurb for pages that cannot be unprotected, e.g. for pages -- in the MediaWiki namespace. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in this message. ['explanation-blurb-nounprotect'] = 'See the [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|' .. 'protection policy]] and ${PROTECTIONLOG} for more details.' .. ' Please discuss any changes on the ${TALKPAGE}; you' .. ' may ${EDITREQUEST} to ask an' .. ' [[Wikipedia:Administrators|administrator]] to make an edit if it' .. ' is [[Help:Minor edit#When to mark an edit as a minor edit' .. '|uncontroversial]] or supported by [[Wikipedia:Consensus' .. '|consensus]].', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Protection log display values -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages determine the display values for the protection log link -- or the pending changes log link produced by the ${PROTECTIONLOG} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['protection-log-display'] = 'protection log', ['pc-log-display'] = 'pending changes log', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Current version display values -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages determine the display values for the page history link -- or the move log link produced by the ${CURRENTVERSION} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in these messages. ['current-version-move-display'] = 'current title', ['current-version-edit-display'] = 'current version', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Talk page -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This message determines the display value of the talk page link produced -- with the ${TALKPAGE} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in this message. ['talk-page-link-display'] = 'talk page', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Edit requests -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This message determines the display value of the edit request link produced -- with the ${EDITREQUEST} parameter. -- It is possible to use banner parameters in this message. ['edit-request-display'] = 'submit an edit request', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Expiry date format -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- This is the format for the blurb expiry date. It should be valid input for -- the first parameter of the #time parser function. ['expiry-date-format'] = 'F j, Y "at" H:i e', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Tracking categories -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These messages determine which tracking categories the module outputs. ['tracking-category-incorrect'] = 'Wikipedia pages with incorrect protection templates', ['tracking-category-template'] = 'Wikipedia template-protected pages other than templates and modules', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Images -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- These are images that are not defined by their protection action and protection level. ['image-filename-indef'] = 'Full-protection-shackle.svg', ['image-filename-default'] = 'Transparent.gif', -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- End messages -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- End configuration -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- } pj6zo6l44p4bk4pwax9tlbkyf7cpx34 10 49375 121025 2024-09-27T21:54:51Z en>RMCD bot 0 Removing notice of move discussion 121025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||$B= {{mbox | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = move | small = {{{small|}}} | text = <b>A request that this {{main other|article|page}} title be changed{{#ifeq:{{{1|?}}}|?||&nbsp;to ''{{no redirect|{{{1}}}}}''}} is {{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[{{{2}}}|under discussion]]|[[:{{NAMESPACE}} talk:{{PAGENAME}}#{{{section|}}}|under discussion]]}}</b>. Please <em>do not move</em> this {{main other|article|page}} until the discussion is closed. }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> m8leh6fx3cm47b963h68rgop67tgyof 121026 121025 2026-09-04T22:04:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Requested_move_notice]] 121025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||$B= {{mbox | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = move | small = {{{small|}}} | text = <b>A request that this {{main other|article|page}} title be changed{{#ifeq:{{{1|?}}}|?||&nbsp;to ''{{no redirect|{{{1}}}}}''}} is {{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[{{{2}}}|under discussion]]|[[:{{NAMESPACE}} talk:{{PAGENAME}}#{{{section|}}}|under discussion]]}}</b>. Please <em>do not move</em> this {{main other|article|page}} until the discussion is closed. }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> m8leh6fx3cm47b963h68rgop67tgyof 10 49376 121027 2024-06-13T03:21:51Z en>Pppery 0 Protected "[[Template:Glossary/styles.css]]": [[WP:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]] ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite) [Move=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121027 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .glossary dt { margin-top: 0.4em; } .glossary dt + dt { margin-top: -0.2em; } /* the inline styles that were defined in {gbq}/{gquote}; simply use {quote} within {defn}, will work like {gbq} */ .glossary .templatequote { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: -0.5em; } 4hh821x02ojnxsxxaojq51gaveybu7m 121028 121027 2026-09-04T22:04:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Glossary/styles.css]] 121027 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .glossary dt { margin-top: 0.4em; } .glossary dt + dt { margin-top: -0.2em; } /* the inline styles that were defined in {gbq}/{gquote}; simply use {quote} within {defn}, will work like {gbq} */ .glossary .templatequote { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: -0.5em; } 4hh821x02ojnxsxxaojq51gaveybu7m 10 49377 121029 2026-08-07T18:00:06Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Flowing list]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121029 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Flowing list/styles.css" /><div class="flowlist {{{class|}}}" {{#if: {{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}}>{{#if:{{{1|}}}| {{{1}}} </div>}}<noinclude></div> {{documentation}} </noinclude> kfkv7ge8h32s6cllecpo85qqygcrm2r 121030 121029 2026-09-04T22:04:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Flowing_list]] 121029 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Flowing list/styles.css" /><div class="flowlist {{{class|}}}" {{#if: {{{style|}}}|style="{{{style}}}"}}>{{#if:{{{1|}}}| {{{1}}} </div>}}<noinclude></div> {{documentation}} </noinclude> kfkv7ge8h32s6cllecpo85qqygcrm2r 10 49378 121031 2026-08-09T18:00:00Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Flowing list/styles.css]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121031 sanitized-css text/css .flowlist ul { overflow-x: hidden; margin-left: 0; padding-left: 1.6em; } .flowlist ol { overflow-x: hidden; margin-left: 0; padding-left: 3.2em; } .flowlist dl { overflow-x: hidden; } igrr8xl5xvxo8f8317d995u5rnberye 121032 121031 2026-09-04T22:04:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Flowing_list/styles.css]] 121031 sanitized-css text/css .flowlist ul { overflow-x: hidden; margin-left: 0; padding-left: 1.6em; } .flowlist ol { overflow-x: hidden; margin-left: 0; padding-left: 3.2em; } .flowlist dl { overflow-x: hidden; } igrr8xl5xvxo8f8317d995u5rnberye 10 49379 121033 2026-08-03T09:14:26Z en>FaviFake 0 postmove cu 121033 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Comma-separated list/styles.css" />{{#invoke:Cslist |makelist}}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!-- Please place categories and language links on the /doc page, not here! --> </noinclude> f5e6nxkqj3wn9eesvktm7s58dl10gse 121034 121033 2026-09-04T22:04:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Comma-separated_list]] 121033 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Comma-separated list/styles.css" />{{#invoke:Cslist |makelist}}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!-- Please place categories and language links on the /doc page, not here! --> </noinclude> f5e6nxkqj3wn9eesvktm7s58dl10gse 10 49380 121035 2026-08-03T09:13:56Z en>FaviFake 0 FaviFake moved page [[Template:Cslist/styles.css]] to [[Template:Comma-separated list/styles.css]] without leaving a redirect: Moving for the reason explained at [[Template talk:Hlist#c-FaviFake-20260803091300-Requested_move_3_August_2026]] 121035 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ /* make an inline list with either comma or semicolon separators */ ul.cslist, ul.sslist, ul.andlist, ul.andlistoxford { margin: 0; padding: 0; display: inline-block; list-style: none; } ul.cslist-embedded { display: inline; } .cslist li, .sslist li, .andlist li, .andlistoxford li { margin: 0; padding: 0 0.25em 0 0; display: inline-block; } .cslist li:after, .andlistoxford li:after { content: ", "; } .sslist li:after { content: "; "; } .cslist li:last-child:after, .sslist li:last-child:after, .andlist li:last-child:after, .andlistoxford li:last-child:after { content: none; } .andlist li:nth-last-child(2):after { content: " and "; } .andlistoxford li:nth-last-child(2):after { content: ", and "; } sjeps3to13rvtslga1mu0t849vt5a6d 121036 121035 2026-09-04T22:04:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Comma-separated_list/styles.css]] 121035 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ /* make an inline list with either comma or semicolon separators */ ul.cslist, ul.sslist, ul.andlist, ul.andlistoxford { margin: 0; padding: 0; display: inline-block; list-style: none; } ul.cslist-embedded { display: inline; } .cslist li, .sslist li, .andlist li, .andlistoxford li { margin: 0; padding: 0 0.25em 0 0; display: inline-block; } .cslist li:after, .andlistoxford li:after { content: ", "; } .sslist li:after { content: "; "; } .cslist li:last-child:after, .sslist li:last-child:after, .andlist li:last-child:after, .andlistoxford li:last-child:after { content: none; } .andlist li:nth-last-child(2):after { content: " and "; } .andlistoxford li:nth-last-child(2):after { content: ", and "; } sjeps3to13rvtslga1mu0t849vt5a6d 828 49381 121037 2026-08-03T09:25:53Z en>FaviFake 0 FaviFake moved page [[Module:Cslist]] to [[Module:Comma-separated list]]: Moving for the reasons explained at [[Template talk:Hlist#c-FaviFake-20260803091300-Requested_move_3_August_2026|this comment]] 121037 Scribunto text/plain p = {} p.makelist = function(frame) local args = frame.args if not args[1] then args = frame:getParent().args if not args[1] then return end end local semi = args.semi if semi then semi = semi:lower() end local oxford = args.oxford if oxford then oxford = oxford:lower() end local embedded = args.embedded if embedded then embedded = embedded:lower() end local out = "" for k, v in ipairs(args) do v = mw.text.trim(v) if v ~= "" then out = out .. "<li>" .. v .. "</li>" end end local listclass = "" if semi then listclass = listclass .. "sslist" else if oxford then if args[3] then listclass = listclass .. "andlistoxford" else listclass = listclass .. "andlist" end else listclass = listclass .. "cslist" end end if embedded then listclass = listclass .. " cslist-embedded" end if out ~= "" then return '<ul class="'.. listclass ..'">' .. out .. '</ul>' end end return p 3fj8k957dg266yw39h8kuabkuaqeqqq 121038 121037 2026-09-04T22:04:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Comma-separated_list]] 121037 Scribunto text/plain p = {} p.makelist = function(frame) local args = frame.args if not args[1] then args = frame:getParent().args if not args[1] then return end end local semi = args.semi if semi then semi = semi:lower() end local oxford = args.oxford if oxford then oxford = oxford:lower() end local embedded = args.embedded if embedded then embedded = embedded:lower() end local out = "" for k, v in ipairs(args) do v = mw.text.trim(v) if v ~= "" then out = out .. "<li>" .. v .. "</li>" end end local listclass = "" if semi then listclass = listclass .. "sslist" else if oxford then if args[3] then listclass = listclass .. "andlistoxford" else listclass = listclass .. "andlist" end else listclass = listclass .. "cslist" end end if embedded then listclass = listclass .. " cslist-embedded" end if out ~= "" then return '<ul class="'.. listclass ..'">' .. out .. '</ul>' end end return p 3fj8k957dg266yw39h8kuabkuaqeqqq 10 49382 121045 2026-08-30T17:26:39Z en>Primefac 0 /* top */ clean up post-move 121045 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Protected page|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 6y1fepgg5duiitvvcck1nbt4hrqzfwb 121046 121045 2026-09-04T22:04:43Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Protected_page]] 121045 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Protected page|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 6y1fepgg5duiitvvcck1nbt4hrqzfwb 10 49383 121047 2026-08-30T17:26:47Z en>Primefac 0 /* top */ clean up post-move 121047 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Protected page|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> be35s04n7ulj8q1ihft9660mipq8pnb 121048 121047 2026-09-04T22:04:44Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Move-protected]] 121047 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Protected page|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> be35s04n7ulj8q1ihft9660mipq8pnb 828 49384 121077 2026-08-30T19:58:17Z en>Andrybak 0 [[Module:Protection banner]] was renamed to [[Module:Protected page]] ([[Special:Diff/1372159443]] per [[Template talk:Protected page#Requested move 16 August 2026]]) [[:w:en:User:Ponor/wAwB| #wAwB]] 121077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{High-use}} {{Module rating|protected}} {{Lua|Module:Protected page/config|Module:File link|Module:Effective protection level|Module:Effective protection expiry|Module:Yesno|Module:Arguments|Module:Message box|Module:Submit an edit request}} This module creates protection banners and padlock icons that are placed at the top of [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|protected pages]]. Most users will not need to use this module directly. == Usage == For adding protection templates to pages you can use the {{tl|pp}} template, or you may find it more convenient to use one of the more specific protection templates in the table below. {{protection templates}} === From wikitext === &#123;{#invoke:Protection banner|main | 1 = ''reason'' | small = ''yes/no'' | action = ''action'' | date = ''protection date'' | user = ''username'' | section = ''talk page section name'' | category = ''yes'' }&#125; The #invoke syntax can be used for creating protection templates more specific than {{tl|pp}}. For example, it is possible to create a protection template which always shows a padlock icon by using the code <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Protection banner|main|small=yes}}</nowiki></code>. Pages which call this template will still be able to use other arguments, like ''action''. However, this only works one level deep; a page calling a template which calls another template containing the above code will not automatically be able to use parameters like ''action''. '''''Note:''' You should no longer specify the expiry, as it is automatically retrieved in all cases.'' === From Lua === First, load the module. <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> local mProtectionBanner = require('Module:Protected page') </syntaxhighlight> Then you can make protection banners by using the _main function. <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> mProtectionBanner._main(args, cfg, titleObj) </syntaxhighlight> <var>args</var> is a table of arguments to pass to the module. For possible keys and values for this table, see the [[#Parameters|parameters section]]. The <var>cfg</var> and <var>titleObj</var> variables are intended only for testing; <var>cfg</var> specifies a customised config table to use instead of [[Module:Protected page/config]], and <var>titleObj</var> specifies a mw.title object to use instead of the current title. <var>args</var>, <var>cfg</var> and <var>titleObj</var> are all optional. == Parameters == All parameters are optional. * '''1''' – the reason that the page was protected. If set, this must be one of the values listed in the [[#Reasons|reasons table]]. * '''small''' – if set to "yes", "y", "1", or "true", a padlock icon is generated instead of a full protection banner. * '''action''' – the protection action. Must be one of "edit" (for normal protection), "move" (for move-protection) or "autoreview" (for pending changes). The default value is "edit". * '''date''' – the protection date. This must be valid input to the second parameter of the [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|#time parser function]]. This argument has an effect for reasons that use the PROTECTIONDATE parameter in their configuration. As of July 2014, those were the "office" and "reset" reasons. * '''user''' – the username of the user to generate links for. As of July 2014, this only has an effect when the "usertalk" reason is specified. * '''section''' – the section name of the protected page's talk page where discussion is taking place. This works for most, but not all, values of ''reason''. * '''category''' – categories are suppressed if this is set to "no", "n", "0", or "false". * '''catonly''' – if set to "yes", "y", "1", or "true", will only return the protection categories, and not return the banner or padlock. This has no visible output. == Reasons == The following table contains the available reasons, plus the actions for which they are available. {{#invoke:Protection banner/documentation|reasonTable}} == Errors == Below is a list of some of the common errors that this module can produce, and how to fix them. === Invalid protection date === {{error|Error: invalid protection date ("abc")}} This error is produced if you supply a {{para|date}} parameter value that is not recognised as a valid date by the #time parser function. If in doubt, you can just use a date in the format "dd Month YYYY", e.g. "{{#time:j F Y|+ 1 week}}". To see a full range of valid inputs, see the [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|#time documentation]] (only the first parameter, the ''format string'', may be specified). === Invalid action === {{error|Error: invalid action ("abc")}} This error is produced if you specify an invalid protection action. There are only three valid actions: <code>edit</code> (the default, for normal protection), <code>move</code> (for move-protection), and <code>autoreview</code> (for [[WP:PC|pending changes]]). This should only be possible if you are using a template that supports manually specifying the protection action, such as {{tl|pp}}, or if you are using #invoke directly. If this is not the case, please leave a message on [[Module talk:Protection banner]]. === Reasons cannot contain the pipe character === {{error|Error: reasons cannot contain the pipe character ("&#124;")}} This error is produced if you specify a reason using the {{para|1}} parameter that includes a pipe character ("&#124;"). Please check that you are not entering the {{tl|!}} magic word into this parameter by mistake. The pipe character is disallowed as the module uses it internally. A list of valid reasons can be seen in the [[#Reasons|reasons section]]. === Other errors === If you see an error other than the ones above, it is likely to either be a bug in the module or mistake in the configuration. Please post a message about it at [[Module talk:Protection banner]]. == Technical details == This module uses configuration data from [[Module:Protected page/config]]. Most of the module's behaviour can be configured there, making it easily portable across different wikis and different languages. General test cases for the module can be found at [[w:en:Module:Protected page/testcases|Module:Protected page/testcases]], and test cases specific to enwiki's config can be found at [[w:en:Module:Protected page/config/testcases|Module:Protected page/config/testcases]]. Bug reports and feature requests should be made on [[w:en:Module talk:Protection banner|the module's talk page]]. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go here and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> }}</includeonly> fozp6f908g6yizr7xns4r9jst26sgdw 121078 121077 2026-09-04T22:07:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protected_page/doc]] 121077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{High-use}} {{Module rating|protected}} {{Lua|Module:Protected page/config|Module:File link|Module:Effective protection level|Module:Effective protection expiry|Module:Yesno|Module:Arguments|Module:Message box|Module:Submit an edit request}} This module creates protection banners and padlock icons that are placed at the top of [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|protected pages]]. Most users will not need to use this module directly. == Usage == For adding protection templates to pages you can use the {{tl|pp}} template, or you may find it more convenient to use one of the more specific protection templates in the table below. {{protection templates}} === From wikitext === &#123;{#invoke:Protection banner|main | 1 = ''reason'' | small = ''yes/no'' | action = ''action'' | date = ''protection date'' | user = ''username'' | section = ''talk page section name'' | category = ''yes'' }&#125; The #invoke syntax can be used for creating protection templates more specific than {{tl|pp}}. For example, it is possible to create a protection template which always shows a padlock icon by using the code <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Protection banner|main|small=yes}}</nowiki></code>. Pages which call this template will still be able to use other arguments, like ''action''. However, this only works one level deep; a page calling a template which calls another template containing the above code will not automatically be able to use parameters like ''action''. '''''Note:''' You should no longer specify the expiry, as it is automatically retrieved in all cases.'' === From Lua === First, load the module. <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> local mProtectionBanner = require('Module:Protected page') </syntaxhighlight> Then you can make protection banners by using the _main function. <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> mProtectionBanner._main(args, cfg, titleObj) </syntaxhighlight> <var>args</var> is a table of arguments to pass to the module. For possible keys and values for this table, see the [[#Parameters|parameters section]]. The <var>cfg</var> and <var>titleObj</var> variables are intended only for testing; <var>cfg</var> specifies a customised config table to use instead of [[Module:Protected page/config]], and <var>titleObj</var> specifies a mw.title object to use instead of the current title. <var>args</var>, <var>cfg</var> and <var>titleObj</var> are all optional. == Parameters == All parameters are optional. * '''1''' – the reason that the page was protected. If set, this must be one of the values listed in the [[#Reasons|reasons table]]. * '''small''' – if set to "yes", "y", "1", or "true", a padlock icon is generated instead of a full protection banner. * '''action''' – the protection action. Must be one of "edit" (for normal protection), "move" (for move-protection) or "autoreview" (for pending changes). The default value is "edit". * '''date''' – the protection date. This must be valid input to the second parameter of the [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|#time parser function]]. This argument has an effect for reasons that use the PROTECTIONDATE parameter in their configuration. As of July 2014, those were the "office" and "reset" reasons. * '''user''' – the username of the user to generate links for. As of July 2014, this only has an effect when the "usertalk" reason is specified. * '''section''' – the section name of the protected page's talk page where discussion is taking place. This works for most, but not all, values of ''reason''. * '''category''' – categories are suppressed if this is set to "no", "n", "0", or "false". * '''catonly''' – if set to "yes", "y", "1", or "true", will only return the protection categories, and not return the banner or padlock. This has no visible output. == Reasons == The following table contains the available reasons, plus the actions for which they are available. {{#invoke:Protection banner/documentation|reasonTable}} == Errors == Below is a list of some of the common errors that this module can produce, and how to fix them. === Invalid protection date === {{error|Error: invalid protection date ("abc")}} This error is produced if you supply a {{para|date}} parameter value that is not recognised as a valid date by the #time parser function. If in doubt, you can just use a date in the format "dd Month YYYY", e.g. "{{#time:j F Y|+ 1 week}}". To see a full range of valid inputs, see the [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|#time documentation]] (only the first parameter, the ''format string'', may be specified). === Invalid action === {{error|Error: invalid action ("abc")}} This error is produced if you specify an invalid protection action. There are only three valid actions: <code>edit</code> (the default, for normal protection), <code>move</code> (for move-protection), and <code>autoreview</code> (for [[WP:PC|pending changes]]). This should only be possible if you are using a template that supports manually specifying the protection action, such as {{tl|pp}}, or if you are using #invoke directly. If this is not the case, please leave a message on [[Module talk:Protection banner]]. === Reasons cannot contain the pipe character === {{error|Error: reasons cannot contain the pipe character ("&#124;")}} This error is produced if you specify a reason using the {{para|1}} parameter that includes a pipe character ("&#124;"). Please check that you are not entering the {{tl|!}} magic word into this parameter by mistake. The pipe character is disallowed as the module uses it internally. A list of valid reasons can be seen in the [[#Reasons|reasons section]]. === Other errors === If you see an error other than the ones above, it is likely to either be a bug in the module or mistake in the configuration. Please post a message about it at [[Module talk:Protection banner]]. == Technical details == This module uses configuration data from [[Module:Protected page/config]]. Most of the module's behaviour can be configured there, making it easily portable across different wikis and different languages. General test cases for the module can be found at [[w:en:Module:Protected page/testcases|Module:Protected page/testcases]], and test cases specific to enwiki's config can be found at [[w:en:Module:Protected page/config/testcases|Module:Protected page/config/testcases]]. Bug reports and feature requests should be made on [[w:en:Module talk:Protection banner|the module's talk page]]. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories go here and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> }}</includeonly> fozp6f908g6yizr7xns4r9jst26sgdw 828 49386 121081 2026-08-30T17:20:51Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Module:Protection banner/documentation]] to [[Module:Protected page/documentation]]: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 121081 Scribunto text/plain -- This module generates documentation for [[Module:Protection banner]]. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Documentation class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Documentation = {} Documentation.__index = Documentation function Documentation:new(mainCfg, docCfg) return setmetatable({ _mainCfg = mainCfg, _docCfg = docCfg }, self) end function Documentation:makeReasonTable() -- Get the data from the cfg.banners table. local rowData = {} for action, reasonTables in pairs(self._mainCfg.banners) do for reason, t in pairs(reasonTables) do rowData[#rowData + 1] = { reason = reason, action = action, description = t.description } end end -- Sort the table into alphabetical order, first by action and then by -- reason. table.sort(rowData, function (t1, t2) if t1.action == t2.action then return t1.reason < t2.reason else return t1.action < t2.action end end) -- Assemble a wikitable of the data. local ret = {} ret[#ret + 1] = '{| class="wikitable"' if #rowData < 1 then ret[#ret + 1] = '|-' ret[#ret + 1] = string.format( '| colspan="3" | %s', self._docCfg['documentation-blurb-noreasons'] ) else -- Header ret[#ret + 1] = '|-' ret[#ret + 1] = string.format( '! %s\n! %s\n! %s', self._docCfg['documentation-heading-reason'], self._docCfg['documentation-heading-action'], self._docCfg['documentation-heading-description'] ) -- Rows for _, t in ipairs(rowData) do ret[#ret + 1] = '|-' ret[#ret + 1] = string.format( '| %s\n| %s\n| %s', t.reason, t.action, t.description or '' ) end end ret[#ret + 1] = '|}' return table.concat(ret, '\n') end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Exports -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local p = {} function p.reasonTable() local mainCfg = require('Module:Protection banner/config') local docCfg = require('Module:Protection banner/documentation/config') local documentationObj = Documentation:new(mainCfg, docCfg) return documentationObj:makeReasonTable() end return p imbe3ltwmegb6fcpqrsgth07bd9uybu 121082 121081 2026-09-04T22:07:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protected_page/documentation]] 121081 Scribunto text/plain -- This module generates documentation for [[Module:Protection banner]]. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Documentation class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local Documentation = {} Documentation.__index = Documentation function Documentation:new(mainCfg, docCfg) return setmetatable({ _mainCfg = mainCfg, _docCfg = docCfg }, self) end function Documentation:makeReasonTable() -- Get the data from the cfg.banners table. local rowData = {} for action, reasonTables in pairs(self._mainCfg.banners) do for reason, t in pairs(reasonTables) do rowData[#rowData + 1] = { reason = reason, action = action, description = t.description } end end -- Sort the table into alphabetical order, first by action and then by -- reason. table.sort(rowData, function (t1, t2) if t1.action == t2.action then return t1.reason < t2.reason else return t1.action < t2.action end end) -- Assemble a wikitable of the data. local ret = {} ret[#ret + 1] = '{| class="wikitable"' if #rowData < 1 then ret[#ret + 1] = '|-' ret[#ret + 1] = string.format( '| colspan="3" | %s', self._docCfg['documentation-blurb-noreasons'] ) else -- Header ret[#ret + 1] = '|-' ret[#ret + 1] = string.format( '! %s\n! %s\n! %s', self._docCfg['documentation-heading-reason'], self._docCfg['documentation-heading-action'], self._docCfg['documentation-heading-description'] ) -- Rows for _, t in ipairs(rowData) do ret[#ret + 1] = '|-' ret[#ret + 1] = string.format( '| %s\n| %s\n| %s', t.reason, t.action, t.description or '' ) end end ret[#ret + 1] = '|}' return table.concat(ret, '\n') end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Exports -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- local p = {} function p.reasonTable() local mainCfg = require('Module:Protection banner/config') local docCfg = require('Module:Protection banner/documentation/config') local documentationObj = Documentation:new(mainCfg, docCfg) return documentationObj:makeReasonTable() end return p imbe3ltwmegb6fcpqrsgth07bd9uybu 828 49387 121083 2026-08-30T17:20:51Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Module:Protection banner/documentation/config]] to [[Module:Protected page/documentation/config]]: update following [[Special:Permalink/1372151970#Requested_move_16_August_2026|RM]] 121083 Scribunto text/plain -- This module contains messages used to generate the documentation for -- [[Module:Protection banner]]. return { -- Reason table headings. ['documentation-heading-reason'] = 'Reason', ['documentation-heading-action'] = 'Action', ['documentation-heading-description'] = 'Description', -- Blurb to display if no reasons were found in the module config. ['documentation-blurb-noreasons'] = 'No reason values were found in the module' .. ' configuration.', } 1hgoczciij55c2768j2k1ubzxkco9p9 121084 121083 2026-09-04T22:07:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Protected_page/documentation/config]] 121083 Scribunto text/plain -- This module contains messages used to generate the documentation for -- [[Module:Protection banner]]. return { -- Reason table headings. ['documentation-heading-reason'] = 'Reason', ['documentation-heading-action'] = 'Action', ['documentation-heading-description'] = 'Description', -- Blurb to display if no reasons were found in the module config. ['documentation-blurb-noreasons'] = 'No reason values were found in the module' .. ' configuration.', } 1hgoczciij55c2768j2k1ubzxkco9p9 10 49388 121099 2024-10-13T18:42:14Z en>Tom.Reding 0 /* Printworthiness */ Replace common text with {{[[Template:Redirect category printworthiness|Redirect category printworthiness]]}} 121099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{distinguish|Template:R with old history}} {{High-use}} {{Substitution|not|nor used to tag [[Wikipedia:Soft redirects|soft redirects]]}} __NOTOC__ === Usage === {{hatnote|Use this rcat template in '''any [[WP:Namespace|namespace]]'''.}} * This redirect category ([[WP:RCAT|rcat]]) template populates {{Cat|Redirects with history}} by default. Add this rcat to a [[WP:redirect page|redirect page]] in the following manner: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> #REDIRECT [[(target page name)]] {{Rcat shell| {{R with history}} }} </syntaxhighlight> : Template {{tl|Rcat shell}} is an alias for the ''Redirect category shell'' template, which may be used to add as many appropriate rcats as needed, usually from one to seven, along with their parameters, to a redirect. For more information see the documentation on its template page. This rcat may also tag a redirect individually: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> #REDIRECT [[(target page name)]] {{R with history}} </syntaxhighlight> : This is in accord with instructions found at [[Wikipedia:REDCAT]]. * Use this rcat to tag any redirect in any namespace that at some point in time was a content page (an article, a Wikipedia project page, etc.), that possesses a significant and meaningful edit history, and yet was not the result of a [[WP:MERGE|page merge]]. ==== Aliases ==== * <span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:R_with_history|hidetrans=1&hidelinks=1&limit=500}} Also known as...]</span> – list of templates that redirect here and may also be used === Printworthiness === {{Redirect category printworthiness|bullet=This template does not set a default sort for [[WP:Printworthiness|printworthiness]].}} === See also === * {{tl|R from move}} * {{tl|R from merge}} * {{tl|R with old history}} * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Redirect/Style guide|WikiProject Redirect/Style guide]] {{R template index}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Redirect templates|History]] [[Category:Redirects with history| ]] [[Category:All namespace redirect templates]]}}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Category:Redirect category template documentation pages|History]] </noinclude> ctndccaw5nnf93u0dj2pc0ins1104mz 121100 121099 2026-09-04T22:07:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:R_with_history/doc]] 121099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{distinguish|Template:R with old history}} {{High-use}} {{Substitution|not|nor used to tag [[Wikipedia:Soft redirects|soft redirects]]}} __NOTOC__ === Usage === {{hatnote|Use this rcat template in '''any [[WP:Namespace|namespace]]'''.}} * This redirect category ([[WP:RCAT|rcat]]) template populates {{Cat|Redirects with history}} by default. Add this rcat to a [[WP:redirect page|redirect page]] in the following manner: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> #REDIRECT [[(target page name)]] {{Rcat shell| {{R with history}} }} </syntaxhighlight> : Template {{tl|Rcat shell}} is an alias for the ''Redirect category shell'' template, which may be used to add as many appropriate rcats as needed, usually from one to seven, along with their parameters, to a redirect. For more information see the documentation on its template page. This rcat may also tag a redirect individually: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> #REDIRECT [[(target page name)]] {{R with history}} </syntaxhighlight> : This is in accord with instructions found at [[Wikipedia:REDCAT]]. * Use this rcat to tag any redirect in any namespace that at some point in time was a content page (an article, a Wikipedia project page, etc.), that possesses a significant and meaningful edit history, and yet was not the result of a [[WP:MERGE|page merge]]. ==== Aliases ==== * <span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:R_with_history|hidetrans=1&hidelinks=1&limit=500}} Also known as...]</span> – list of templates that redirect here and may also be used === Printworthiness === {{Redirect category printworthiness|bullet=This template does not set a default sort for [[WP:Printworthiness|printworthiness]].}} === See also === * {{tl|R from move}} * {{tl|R from merge}} * {{tl|R with old history}} * [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Redirect/Style guide|WikiProject Redirect/Style guide]] {{R template index}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Redirect templates|History]] [[Category:Redirects with history| ]] [[Category:All namespace redirect templates]]}}</includeonly> <noinclude> [[Category:Redirect category template documentation pages|History]] </noinclude> ctndccaw5nnf93u0dj2pc0ins1104mz 828 49389 121101 2024-10-12T14:51:54Z en>Tom.Reding 0 Create for the <syntaxhighlight> portion of [[Template:Redirect category printworthiness]] 121101 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} function p.syn(frame) local base = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().baseText local n = '\n' local code = "{{Redirect category shell|"..n.. "{{"..base.."}}"..n.. "{{R printworthy}}"..n.. "}}"..n.. ""..n.. "{{Redirect category shell|"..n.. "{{"..base.."}}"..n.. "{{R unprintworthy}}"..n.. "}}" local args = { ['lang'] = 'wikitext', ['code'] = code } return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Syntaxhighlight', args = args } end return p tdp9m2horikfi1qnkn81sn31rtmkiwf 121102 121101 2026-09-04T22:07:47Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Redirect_category_printworthiness]] 121101 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} function p.syn(frame) local base = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().baseText local n = '\n' local code = "{{Redirect category shell|"..n.. "{{"..base.."}}"..n.. "{{R printworthy}}"..n.. "}}"..n.. ""..n.. "{{Redirect category shell|"..n.. "{{"..base.."}}"..n.. "{{R unprintworthy}}"..n.. "}}" local args = { ['lang'] = 'wikitext', ['code'] = code } return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Syntaxhighlight', args = args } end return p tdp9m2horikfi1qnkn81sn31rtmkiwf 10 49390 121103 2026-01-25T11:41:00Z en>Stephan Leeds 0 /* top */ wrong article (“a offline”) 121103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ombox|type=notice|image=[[File:Stop hand.svg|40px|link=]]|text=Please do not alter the printworthy settings of ''any'' rcat without first notifying the '''[[WP:Version 1.0 Editorial Team|Version 1.0 Editorial Team]]''', who are responsible for any and all materials, including redirects, that go into an offline version of ''Wikipedia''.}} {{#if:{{{bullet|}}}|* {{{bullet|}}}}} * In 2003, efforts were begun to support the [[Wikimedia Foundation]]'s goal of increasing access and availability of ''Wikipedia'' articles in [[Wikipedia:Pushing to 1.0|printed versions]]<!-- {{diff|Wikipedia:Pushing to 1.0||1319195|printed versions}} -->. Some rcats automatically populate either {{Cat|Printworthy redirects}} or {{Cat|Unprintworthy redirects}} by default. Others, like this rcat, do not, and that means it is up to editors to choose which of those categories, ''Printworthy'' or ''Unprintworthy'', is appropriate and should be populated. The rcats that are used separately to populate those categories are: :* {{tlx|R printworthy}} and :* {{tlx|R unprintworthy}} : Please click on each one for more details and guidance. * Template {{tl|Redirect category shell}} will accept these and any other rcats: {{#invoke:Redirect category printworthiness|syn}}<noinclude><!-- Place categories on /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata. --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 3rj99iy2zjesr03nz8sufv20jv9jeh4 121104 121103 2026-09-04T22:07:47Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Redirect_category_printworthiness]] 121103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ombox|type=notice|image=[[File:Stop hand.svg|40px|link=]]|text=Please do not alter the printworthy settings of ''any'' rcat without first notifying the '''[[WP:Version 1.0 Editorial Team|Version 1.0 Editorial Team]]''', who are responsible for any and all materials, including redirects, that go into an offline version of ''Wikipedia''.}} {{#if:{{{bullet|}}}|* {{{bullet|}}}}} * In 2003, efforts were begun to support the [[Wikimedia Foundation]]'s goal of increasing access and availability of ''Wikipedia'' articles in [[Wikipedia:Pushing to 1.0|printed versions]]<!-- {{diff|Wikipedia:Pushing to 1.0||1319195|printed versions}} -->. Some rcats automatically populate either {{Cat|Printworthy redirects}} or {{Cat|Unprintworthy redirects}} by default. Others, like this rcat, do not, and that means it is up to editors to choose which of those categories, ''Printworthy'' or ''Unprintworthy'', is appropriate and should be populated. The rcats that are used separately to populate those categories are: :* {{tlx|R printworthy}} and :* {{tlx|R unprintworthy}} : Please click on each one for more details and guidance. * Template {{tl|Redirect category shell}} will accept these and any other rcats: {{#invoke:Redirect category printworthiness|syn}}<noinclude><!-- Place categories on /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata. --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 3rj99iy2zjesr03nz8sufv20jv9jeh4 10 49391 121105 2026-08-27T13:34:38Z en>CapnZapp 0 121105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use}} {{Tsh|Phab}} A template that links to a specific [[mw:Phabricator|Phabricator]] task using an inline link. Use {{tl|Tracked}} to display the Phabricator link as a float-right box. == Usage == * {{tlx|Phabricator|T8452}} returns: {{Phab|T8452}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|8452}} returns: {{Phab|T8452}} (still supported but not encouraged) * {{tlx|Phabricator}} just returns: {{Phab}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|art{{=}}y|T1234}} or {{tlx|Phab|article{{=}}yes|T1234}} returns: {{Phab|art=y|T1234}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|T8452|T1234|T5678|label{{=}}Various issues}} returns: {{Phab|T8452|T1234|T5678|label=Various issues}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|T8542|label1{{=}}Ability to edit and compare versions of SVG images.|T1234|label2{{=}}Restrict Bugzilla access to read-only}} returns: {{Phab|T8542|label1=Ability to edit and compare versions of SVG images.|T1234|label2=Restrict Bugzilla access to read-only}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "Shorthand for [[phabricator:Tnumber|Tnumber]]", "params": { "1": { "label": "task", "description": "Task number or Tnumber", "type": "string", "required": true } } } </templatedata> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Inline interwiki link templates]] }}</includeonly> ef1ffoko0sjso5rla4ta7n29p0ebm3d 121106 121105 2026-09-04T22:08:20Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Phabricator/doc]] 121105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{High-use}} {{Tsh|Phab}} A template that links to a specific [[mw:Phabricator|Phabricator]] task using an inline link. Use {{tl|Tracked}} to display the Phabricator link as a float-right box. == Usage == * {{tlx|Phabricator|T8452}} returns: {{Phab|T8452}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|8452}} returns: {{Phab|T8452}} (still supported but not encouraged) * {{tlx|Phabricator}} just returns: {{Phab}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|art{{=}}y|T1234}} or {{tlx|Phab|article{{=}}yes|T1234}} returns: {{Phab|art=y|T1234}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|T8452|T1234|T5678|label{{=}}Various issues}} returns: {{Phab|T8452|T1234|T5678|label=Various issues}} * {{tlx|Phabricator|T8542|label1{{=}}Ability to edit and compare versions of SVG images.|T1234|label2{{=}}Restrict Bugzilla access to read-only}} returns: {{Phab|T8542|label1=Ability to edit and compare versions of SVG images.|T1234|label2=Restrict Bugzilla access to read-only}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "description": "Shorthand for [[phabricator:Tnumber|Tnumber]]", "params": { "1": { "label": "task", "description": "Task number or Tnumber", "type": "string", "required": true } } } </templatedata> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Inline interwiki link templates]] }}</includeonly> ef1ffoko0sjso5rla4ta7n29p0ebm3d 10 49392 121155 2024-07-24T19:22:40Z en>Ahecht 0 Use en-GB instead of en-UK, Favorite should also be regionalized 121155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox | title = Personal likes | above = Demo: using [[WP:ENGVAR|WP:Engvar]] in templates | abovestyle = background:#ddd; font-weight:normal; font-size:smaller; | headerstyle = background:lemonchiffon | label1 = Home country | data1 = {{{home country|}}} | header2 = {{engvar|defaultWord=Favourite |defaultLang=en-GB | engvar={{{engvar|auto}}} |en-US=Favorite }} things | label3 = {{engvar|defaultWord=Colour |defaultLang=en-GB | engvar={{{engvar|auto}}} |en-US=Color }} | data3 = {{{color|}}} | label4 = {{engvar|defaultWord=Football |defaultLang=en-GB | engvar={{{engvar|auto}}} |en-US=Soccer |en-AU=Association Football}} team | data4 = {{{team|}}} | below = In this demo 'article', the template parameter is set: {{para|1=engvar|2={{{engvar|(unspecified)}}}}} | belowstyle = background:#ddd; }} gcumkesllgrn3muhm2aadm7avq9mf9e 121156 121155 2026-09-04T22:10:03Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Engvar/doc/infobox_demo]] 121155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox | title = Personal likes | above = Demo: using [[WP:ENGVAR|WP:Engvar]] in templates | abovestyle = background:#ddd; font-weight:normal; font-size:smaller; | headerstyle = background:lemonchiffon | label1 = Home country | data1 = {{{home country|}}} | header2 = {{engvar|defaultWord=Favourite |defaultLang=en-GB | engvar={{{engvar|auto}}} |en-US=Favorite }} things | label3 = {{engvar|defaultWord=Colour |defaultLang=en-GB | engvar={{{engvar|auto}}} |en-US=Color }} | data3 = {{{color|}}} | label4 = {{engvar|defaultWord=Football |defaultLang=en-GB | engvar={{{engvar|auto}}} |en-US=Soccer |en-AU=Association Football}} team | data4 = {{{team|}}} | below = In this demo 'article', the template parameter is set: {{para|1=engvar|2={{{engvar|(unspecified)}}}}} | belowstyle = background:#ddd; }} gcumkesllgrn3muhm2aadm7avq9mf9e 10 49393 121157 2025-10-13T09:03:06Z en>Waddie96 0 add for custom CSS 121157 wikitext text/x-wiki <code class="tpl-precode" style="white-space:pre;{{{style|}}}">{{{1|text}}}</code><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --> </noinclude> gtycn1dc0bu4n1v8073f016mu25jlqm 121158 121157 2026-09-04T22:10:03Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:PreCode]] 121157 wikitext text/x-wiki <code class="tpl-precode" style="white-space:pre;{{{style|}}}">{{{1|text}}}</code><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --> </noinclude> gtycn1dc0bu4n1v8073f016mu25jlqm 10 49394 121159 2025-10-07T10:14:08Z en>Sapphaline 0 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1315425948|1315425948]] by [[Special:Contributions/Sira Aspera|Sira Aspera]] ([[User talk:Sira Aspera|talk]]) 121159 wikitext text/x-wiki <del class="deprecated-content {{{class|}}}" style="color:{{#if:{{{red|}}}|var(--color-content-removed, #8b0000)|var(--color-disabled, #a2a9b1)}}; text-decoration:line-through; {{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}|}}" {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}|}}" {{#if:{{{title|{{{2|}}}}}}|title="{{{title|{{{2}}}}}}"|}}><span style="color:{{#if:{{{red|}}}|var(--color-destructive--visited, #9f5555)|var(--color-subtle, #54595d)}};">{{{1}}}</span></del><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --> </noinclude> 1viki8mmlnoak5tz6faha7ltghpir7f 121160 121159 2026-09-04T22:10:03Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Deprecated_code_2]] 121159 wikitext text/x-wiki <del class="deprecated-content {{{class|}}}" style="color:{{#if:{{{red|}}}|var(--color-content-removed, #8b0000)|var(--color-disabled, #a2a9b1)}}; text-decoration:line-through; {{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}|}}" {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id="{{{id}}}|}}" {{#if:{{{title|{{{2|}}}}}}|title="{{{title|{{{2}}}}}}"|}}><span style="color:{{#if:{{{red|}}}|var(--color-destructive--visited, #9f5555)|var(--color-subtle, #54595d)}};">{{{1}}}</span></del><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --> </noinclude> 1viki8mmlnoak5tz6faha7ltghpir7f 10 49395 121161 2025-03-09T10:16:35Z en>Shkuru Afshar 0 121161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Deprecated code|red=y|{{{1|Example text}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation|Template:Deprecated code/doc}} <!-- Please add documentation and categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, thank you --> </noinclude> nnzhg9piwznp35ceevmejv96r3otjrk 121162 121161 2026-09-04T22:10:04Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Deprecated_code_red]] 121161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Deprecated code|red=y|{{{1|Example text}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation|Template:Deprecated code/doc}} <!-- Please add documentation and categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, thank you --> </noinclude> nnzhg9piwznp35ceevmejv96r3otjrk 10 49396 121189 2024-08-02T04:45:50Z en>Chipmunkdavis 0 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contribs/199.188.195.184|199.188.195.184]] ([[User talk:199.188.195.184|talk]]) to last version by Jlwoodwa 121189 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect [[Template:Documentation subpage]] {{rcatsh| {{r tsh}} }} 7fbc234ohwl0i91m2dwqjabstdqwy3h 121190 121189 2026-09-04T22:11:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Doc_sub]] 121189 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect [[Template:Documentation subpage]] {{rcatsh| {{r tsh}} }} 7fbc234ohwl0i91m2dwqjabstdqwy3h 10 49397 121197 2020-04-27T02:53:32Z en>Vanisaac 0 /* See also */clean up per [[WP:CAT#T]] and [[WP:AWBREQ]] add template:Sandbox other 121197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> == Usage == This template subpage is used to illustrate the {{tl|Redirect category shell}} (''Rcat shell'') template on [[wp:redirect|redirect]] category ([[wp:rcat|rcat]]) template pages. This template should be surrounded by <nowiki><noinclude></nowiki> tags so it will not be a part of the transcluded rcat. :{{small|''The "&#60;/noinclude>" closing tag (with a " / " at the beginning) must go before "real" template code directly, without intervening spaces or line breaks (or it will introduce unnecessary whitespace).''}} Place this template at the TOP of an rcat page to illustrate the ''Redirect category shell'' template on that page. :{{green|'''''Correct:'''''}} <pre> <noinclude>{{This is a redirect/rcat}} </noinclude>{{Redirect template ... </pre> :{{red|'''''Incorrect:'''''}} <pre> <noinclude>{{This is a redirect/rcat}}</noinclude> {{Redirect template ... </pre> == See also == * {{tl|Redirect category shell/Comparison}} – compare the ''Redirect category shell'' and ''This is a redirect'' templates' usage to the individual use of rcats. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:WikiProject Redirect templates|This is a redirect/rcat]] [[Category:Redirect templates| ]] }}</includeonly> bwhsp1ffyxkw7m98oq7xgkqtpbk9qjv 121198 121197 2026-09-04T22:12:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:This_is_a_redirect/rcat/doc]] 121197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> == Usage == This template subpage is used to illustrate the {{tl|Redirect category shell}} (''Rcat shell'') template on [[wp:redirect|redirect]] category ([[wp:rcat|rcat]]) template pages. This template should be surrounded by <nowiki><noinclude></nowiki> tags so it will not be a part of the transcluded rcat. :{{small|''The "&#60;/noinclude>" closing tag (with a " / " at the beginning) must go before "real" template code directly, without intervening spaces or line breaks (or it will introduce unnecessary whitespace).''}} Place this template at the TOP of an rcat page to illustrate the ''Redirect category shell'' template on that page. :{{green|'''''Correct:'''''}} <pre> <noinclude>{{This is a redirect/rcat}} </noinclude>{{Redirect template ... </pre> :{{red|'''''Incorrect:'''''}} <pre> <noinclude>{{This is a redirect/rcat}}</noinclude> {{Redirect template ... </pre> == See also == * {{tl|Redirect category shell/Comparison}} – compare the ''Redirect category shell'' and ''This is a redirect'' templates' usage to the individual use of rcats. <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:WikiProject Redirect templates|This is a redirect/rcat]] [[Category:Redirect templates| ]] }}</includeonly> bwhsp1ffyxkw7m98oq7xgkqtpbk9qjv 10 49398 121227 2026-07-22T22:52:26Z en>Frietjes 0 121227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Redirect|[[Template:Long quotation]]|maintenance templates about excessively long quotations|Template:Long quote|and|Template:Over-quotation}} {{For|linking a subject to a collection of quotes on [[Wikiquote]]|Template:Wikiquote}} {{Template shortcut|bq|"|Quote|Bquote}} {{High-risk}} {{Lua|Module:Check for unknown parameters}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:{{BASEPAGENAME}}/styles.css}} {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}/doc/boilerplate|mos-recommended=yes}} == Usage == {{tlc|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}} adds a [[block quotation]] to an article page. This is easier to type and is more wiki-like than the equivalent [[HTML]] {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>...</blockquote>}} tags, and has additional pre-formatted attribution parameters for author and source (though these are not usually used in articles; {{crossreference|see {{section link||Reference citations}}, below}}). '''Note:''' Block quotes do {{em|not}} normally contain quotation marks {{crossreference|(see [[MOS:BLOCKQUOTE]])}}. {{warning|heading=This template is for actual quotations only.|text=Do not use it for block indentation of other material; see {{tlx|Block indent}} for that purpose.}} === Examples === '''Basic use'''{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki>{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. }}</nowiki>|{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. }}}} '''With attribution displayed'''{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki>{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last }}</nowiki>|{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last }}}} '''With more attribution'''{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki> {{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last |title="Article Title" |source=''Book Title'' (date) }}</nowiki>| {{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last |title="Article Title" |source=''Book Title'' (date) }}}} '''Examples with "multiline"'''{{colon}} Especially useful for translated quotes; ''see [[#multiline|notes about this parameter]]''. * with "multiline" {{tick}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki> {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |multiline=yes |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}</nowiki>| {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |multiline=yes |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}}} * for comparison without "multiline" {{xmark}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki> {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}</nowiki>| {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}}} '''An ample example'''<!-- no pun intended -->{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki>{{Blockquote|text=Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.|character=Mark Antony|author=[[William Shakespeare]]|title=''[[Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]''|source=act III, scene I}}</nowiki> |{{Blockquote|text=Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.|character=Mark Antony|author=[[William Shakespeare]]|title=''[[Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]''|source=act III, scene I}}}} == Parameters == === Parameter list === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Blockquote | text = | author = | title = | source = | character = | multiline = | class = | style = }} </syntaxhighlight> See also section [[#TemplateData]]. === Quoted text === {{para|text}} a.k.a. {{para|1}}—The material being quoted, without quotation marks around it. It is always safest to name this parameter (rather than use an unnamed positional parameter), because, otherwise, any inclusion of a [[Template:=|non-escaped "=" character]] (e.g., in a URL in a source citation) will break the template. === Displayed attribution === These parameters are for {{em|displaying}} attribution information below the quote; this should not be confused with citing a source {{crossreference|(see {{section link||Reference citations}}, below)}}. These parameters are entirely optional, and are usually used with famous quotations, not routine block quotations, which are usually sourced at the end of the introductory line immediately before the quotation, with a normal <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> tag. {{para|author}} a.k.a. {{para|2}} – optional author/speaker attribution information that will appear below the quotation, and preceded with an attribution dash. {{para|title}} a.k.a. {{para|3}} – optional title of the work the quote appears in, to display below the quotation. This parameter immediately follows the output of {{para|author}} (and an auto-generated comma), if one is provided. It does not auto-italicize. Major works (books, plays, albums, feature films, etc.) should be italicized; minor works (articles, chapters, poems, songs, TV episodes, etc.) go in quotation marks {{crossreference|(see [[MOS:TITLES]])}}. Additional citation information can be provided in a fourth parameter, {{para|source}}, below, which will appear after the title. {{para|source}} a.k.a. {{para|4}} – optionally used for additional source information to display, after {{para|title}}, like so: {{code|lang="wikitext"|code={{!}}title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels" {{!}}source=''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'', 2016}}; a comma will be auto-generated between the two parameters. If {{para|source}} is used without {{para|title}}, it simply acts as {{para|title}}. Do not put a {{tag|ref}} by itself in this parameter; if you use a {{tag|ref}}, add it to the end of another parameter instead. <small>(This parameter was added primarily to ease conversion from misuse of the [[pull quote]] template {{tlx|Quote frame}} for block quotation, but it may aid in cleaner meta-data implementation later.)</small> {{para|character}} a.k.a. {{para|char}} or {{para|5}} – to attribute fictional speech to a fictional character, {{em|with}} other citation information. Can also be used to attribute real speech to a specific speaker among many, e.g. in a roundtable/panel transcript, a band interview, etc. This parameter outputs "[{{Var|Character's name}}], in" after the attribution dash and before the output of the parameters above, thus one or more of those parameters must also be supplied. If you need to cite a fictional speaker in an article about a single work of fiction, where repeating the author and title information would be redundant, you can just use the {{para|author}} parameter instead of {{para|character}}. Technically, all citation information can be given in a single parameter, as in: {{code|lang="wikitext"|code={{!}}source=Anonymous interview subject, in Jane G. Arthur, "The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels", ''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'' (2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.)}} But this is a bit messy, and will impede later efforts to generate metadata from quotation attribution the way we are already doing with source citations. This is much more usable: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> |character=Anonymous interview subject |author=Jane G. Arthur |title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels" |source=''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'' (2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.) </syntaxhighlight> Later development can assign a CSS <code>class</code> and so forth to these separate parameters, upon which scripts would be able to operate (e.g. to look up things in WikiQuote). === Rarely used technical parameters === * {{anchor|multiline}}{{para|multiline}} – keep forced linebreaks in output.{{pb}}''Notes:'' ** Will only be applied if at least one of these other parameters or its aliases is not empty (including implicit, unnamed parameters):{{pb}}{{para|author}}, {{para|title}}, {{para|source}}, or {{para|character}}. ** The value does not matter, as long it is not empty. Using a so called speaking parameter (such as <code>true</code> or <code>yes</code>) is highly recommended. Avoid values that can surprise users (e.g. <code>false</code> or <code>no</code>). * {{para|style}} – allows specifying additional [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] styles ({{em|not}} classes) to apply to the {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>...</blockquote>}} element. {{Crossreference|(See [[#Nested quotations]], below, for the most common use case.)}} * {{para|class}} – allows specifying additional HTML classes to apply to the same element. == Reference citations == {{anchor|Attribution|reason=Old section name}} A [[WP:Citing sources|reference citation]] can be placed before the quote, after the quote, or in the {{para|source}} parameter: {{bulleted list |{{tick}} {{stronggood|Typical use:}} In the regular-prose introduction to the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed {{para|author}}, {{para|title}}, or {{para|source}} parameters: <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>According to Pat Doe, in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015):<ref>...</ref> {{blockquote |text=Quoted material.}}</syntaxhighlight> |At the end of the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed {{para|author}}, {{para|title}}, or {{para|source}} parameters, and placement before the quote isn't appropriate (e.g. because the material immediately before the quote isn't cited to the same source or introduces multiple quotes from different sources: <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>Pat Doe and Chris Foo took opposing positions: {{blockquote |text=Doe's Quoted material.<ref>...</ref>}} {{blockquote |text=Foo's Quoted material.<ref>...</ref>}}</syntaxhighlight> |After the {{para|source}} value (if a value is given for the {{para|source}} parameter other than the <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> itself):<syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>One expert noted in 2015: {{blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe |source="Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015)<ref>...</ref>}}</syntaxhighlight> |{{xmark}} {{strongbad|Deprecated:}} <s>After the quoted person's name in {{para|author}}, or after the work's title in {{para|title}}, when a {{para|source}} parameter is not being added: <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>As noted in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015): {{blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe<ref>...</ref>}}</syntaxhighlight></s>{{pb}}{{A note}} Please avoid this format, as it will pollute the author or title metadata with non-author or non-title information. }} Please do not place the citation in a {{para|author}} or {{para|source}} parameter by itself, as it will produce a nonsensical attribution line that looks like this: {{pb}}{{in5}}—&#8239;{{dummy reference}}{{pb}} Please also do not put it just outside the {{tlf|blockquote}} template, as this will cause a: {{pb}}{{in5}}{{dummy reference}}{{pb}}on a line by itself. == Limitations == {{anchor|Restrictions|reason=Old section name}} If you do not provide text, the template generates a parser error message, which will appear in red text in the rendered page. If any parameter's actual value contains an [[equals sign]] (<code>=</code>), you {{strong|must}} use a named parameter (e.g. <code>|text="E=MC²" is a formula everyone knows but few understand</code>, not a blank-name positional parameter. The text before the equals sign gets misinterpreted as a named parameter otherwise. Be wary of URLs, which frequently contain this character. Named parameters are always safer, in this and other templates. If any parameter's actual value contains characters used for wiki markup syntax (such as [[vertical bar|pipe]], [[brackets]], single quotation marks, etc.), you may need to escape it. See {{tlx|!}} and friends. Do not combine named and unnamed parameters. For example, if {{para|text}} is used for the quotation, followed by an unnamed parameter for the source, the first unnamed parameter will be interpreted as {{para|1}} instead of {{para|2}}, and it will be ignored. This is a problem inherent in any template that uses multiple unnamed parameters with aliases. === Next to right-floated boxes === {{As of|2015|09|post=,}} the text of a block quotation may rarely overflow (in Firefox or other Gecko browsers) a right-floated item (e.g. a {{tlx|Listen}} box, when that item is below another right-floated item of a fixed size that is narrower. In Safari and other Webkit browsers (and even more rarely in Chrome/Chromium) the same condition can cause the block quotation to be pushed downward. Both of these problems can be fixed by either: # removing the sizing on the upper item and letting it use its default size (e.g. removing <code>{{var|###}}x{{var|###}}px</code> sizing or {{para|upright}} from a right-floated image above a wider right-floated object that is being overflowed by quotation text; or # using {{para|style|{{code|lang=css|code=overflow:inherit;}}}} in the quotation template. There may be other solutions, and future browser upgrades may eliminate the issue. It arises at all because of the <syntaxhighlight lang="css" inline>blockquote {overflow: hidden;}</syntaxhighlight> CSS declaration in [[Mediawiki:Common.css]], which itself works around other, more common display problems. A solution that fixes {{em|all}} of the issues is unknown at this time. === Vanishing quotes === In rare layout cases, e.g. when quotes are sandwiched between userboxes, a quotation may appear blanked out, in some browsers. The workaround for this problem is to add {{para|style|{{code|lang=css|code=overflow:inherit;}}}} to such an instance of the template. === Line breaks === This template sets a text style which might ignore one blank line, and so the template must be ended with a break (newline) or the next blank line might be ignored. Otherwise, beware inline, as:<br />{{in5}}text here {{tlf|blockquote|this is quoted}} More text here<br />spans a blank line, unless a {{tlf|blockquote|...}} is ended with a line break, then the next blank line might be ignored and two paragraphs joined. The {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>}} element and any templates that use it do not honor newlines: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> <blockquote> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </blockquote> </nowiki> |<blockquote> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </blockquote> }} An easy solution is to use the {{tl|poem quote}} template instead of {{tag|blockquote}}. This is effectively the same as using the {{xtag|poem}} tag inside {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>}}, which converts line breaks to {{code|lang=html|code=<br />}} tags: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> <blockquote><poem> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </poem></blockquote> </nowiki> |<blockquote><poem> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </poem></blockquote> }} To markup actual paragraphs within block quotations, entire blank lines can be used between them, which will convert to {{code|lang=html|code=<p>...</p>}} tags: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> <blockquote> Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 </blockquote> </nowiki> |<blockquote> Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 </blockquote> }} Note that it may be necessary to put a line break in the wikitext before <nowiki><blockquote> and after </blockquote></nowiki> in order for the paragraphs to render with the intended separation. (This also makes the wikitext easier to read.) This paragraph style also works with {{tl|blockquote}}, which is a replacement for {{xtag|blockquote}} that also has parameters to make formatting of the attribution more convenient and consistent. Blockquote and templates that call it, and are indented with colon (:), bulleted with asterisk (*), or numbered with number (#), may generate errors and incorrectly display anything after a newline character. To ensure that the blockquote displays properly, put all of the wikitext on a single line, with no manual line breaks, like this, ending with the {{tag|blockquote|c}} tag or the closing braces of the template still on the same line: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> :<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> </nowiki> | :<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> }} {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> *{{blockquote|Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2}} </nowiki> | *{{blockquote|Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2}} }} {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> #<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> </nowiki> | #<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> }} ---- === Nested quotations === The {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>...</blockquote>}} element has styles that change the font size: on desktop, text is smaller; on mobile, it is larger. This change is relative to the enclosing context, meaning that if you quote from a source that itself uses a block quotation, you'll find that the inner quotation is either really tiny and hard to read, or really large and barely fits on the screen. To fix this issue, add the parameter {{para|style|{{code|lang=css|font-size:inherit;}}}} on any inner {{tlf|blockquote}} templates. === Technical issues with block templates === {{Block bug documentation}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}}<templatedata> { "description": "Adds a block quotation.", "params": { "text": { "label": "text", "description": "The text to quote", "type": "content", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1", "quote" ], "example": "Cry \"Havoc\" and let slip the dogs of war." }, "author": { "label": "author", "description": "The writer of the source", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2", "cite", "sign" ], "example": "William Shakespeare", "suggested": true }, "title": { "label": "title", "description": "The work being quoted from", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "3" ], "example": "Julius Caesar", "suggested": true }, "source": { "label": "source", "description": "A source for the quote", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "4" ], "example": "act III, scene I", "suggested": true }, "character": { "label": "character", "description": "The speaker within the work who is being quoted", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "5", "char" ], "example": "Mark Antony", "suggested": false }, "multiline": { "label": "multiline", "description": "Keeps forced linebreaks in output", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "true", "suggested": false }, "style": { "label": "style", "description": "Additional CSS styles (not classes) to apply", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "font-size:inherit;", "suggested": false }, "class": { "label": "class", "description": "Additional HTML classes to apply", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "pullquote", "suggested": false } } }</templatedata> == Tracking categories == * {{Category link with count|Pages incorrectly using the quote template}} * {{Category link with count|Pages using Blockquote template with unknown parameters}} ==See also== {{Quotation templates}} {{semantic markup templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- ADD CATEGORIES AFTER THIS LINE, PLEASE: --> [[Category:Quotation templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 9k701mvqaglwpsay49tasqy8fiywter 121228 121227 2026-09-04T22:14:23Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Blockquote/doc]] 121227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --> {{Redirect|[[Template:Long quotation]]|maintenance templates about excessively long quotations|Template:Long quote|and|Template:Over-quotation}} {{For|linking a subject to a collection of quotes on [[Wikiquote]]|Template:Wikiquote}} {{Template shortcut|bq|"|Quote|Bquote}} {{High-risk}} {{Lua|Module:Check for unknown parameters}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:{{BASEPAGENAME}}/styles.css}} {{ {{BASEPAGENAME}}/doc/boilerplate|mos-recommended=yes}} == Usage == {{tlc|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}} adds a [[block quotation]] to an article page. This is easier to type and is more wiki-like than the equivalent [[HTML]] {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>...</blockquote>}} tags, and has additional pre-formatted attribution parameters for author and source (though these are not usually used in articles; {{crossreference|see {{section link||Reference citations}}, below}}). '''Note:''' Block quotes do {{em|not}} normally contain quotation marks {{crossreference|(see [[MOS:BLOCKQUOTE]])}}. {{warning|heading=This template is for actual quotations only.|text=Do not use it for block indentation of other material; see {{tlx|Block indent}} for that purpose.}} === Examples === '''Basic use'''{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki>{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. }}</nowiki>|{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. }}}} '''With attribution displayed'''{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki>{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last }}</nowiki>|{{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last }}}} '''With more attribution'''{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki> {{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last |title="Article Title" |source=''Book Title'' (date) }}</nowiki>| {{Blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last |title="Article Title" |source=''Book Title'' (date) }}}} '''Examples with "multiline"'''{{colon}} Especially useful for translated quotes; ''see [[#multiline|notes about this parameter]]''. * with "multiline" {{tick}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki> {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |multiline=yes |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}</nowiki>| {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |multiline=yes |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}}} * for comparison without "multiline" {{xmark}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight| <nowiki> {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}</nowiki>| {{blockquote|text= {{lang|fr|Ceci n'est pas une pipe.}} This is Not a Pipe. |author=[[René Magritte]] |title=''[[The Treachery of Images]]'' }}}} '''An ample example'''<!-- no pun intended -->{{colon}} {{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki>{{Blockquote|text=Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.|character=Mark Antony|author=[[William Shakespeare]]|title=''[[Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]''|source=act III, scene I}}</nowiki> |{{Blockquote|text=Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.|character=Mark Antony|author=[[William Shakespeare]]|title=''[[Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]''|source=act III, scene I}}}} == Parameters == === Parameter list === <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{Blockquote | text = | author = | title = | source = | character = | multiline = | class = | style = }} </syntaxhighlight> See also section [[#TemplateData]]. === Quoted text === {{para|text}} a.k.a. {{para|1}}—The material being quoted, without quotation marks around it. It is always safest to name this parameter (rather than use an unnamed positional parameter), because, otherwise, any inclusion of a [[Template:=|non-escaped "=" character]] (e.g., in a URL in a source citation) will break the template. === Displayed attribution === These parameters are for {{em|displaying}} attribution information below the quote; this should not be confused with citing a source {{crossreference|(see {{section link||Reference citations}}, below)}}. These parameters are entirely optional, and are usually used with famous quotations, not routine block quotations, which are usually sourced at the end of the introductory line immediately before the quotation, with a normal <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> tag. {{para|author}} a.k.a. {{para|2}} – optional author/speaker attribution information that will appear below the quotation, and preceded with an attribution dash. {{para|title}} a.k.a. {{para|3}} – optional title of the work the quote appears in, to display below the quotation. This parameter immediately follows the output of {{para|author}} (and an auto-generated comma), if one is provided. It does not auto-italicize. Major works (books, plays, albums, feature films, etc.) should be italicized; minor works (articles, chapters, poems, songs, TV episodes, etc.) go in quotation marks {{crossreference|(see [[MOS:TITLES]])}}. Additional citation information can be provided in a fourth parameter, {{para|source}}, below, which will appear after the title. {{para|source}} a.k.a. {{para|4}} – optionally used for additional source information to display, after {{para|title}}, like so: {{code|lang="wikitext"|code={{!}}title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels" {{!}}source=''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'', 2016}}; a comma will be auto-generated between the two parameters. If {{para|source}} is used without {{para|title}}, it simply acts as {{para|title}}. Do not put a {{tag|ref}} by itself in this parameter; if you use a {{tag|ref}}, add it to the end of another parameter instead. <small>(This parameter was added primarily to ease conversion from misuse of the [[pull quote]] template {{tlx|Quote frame}} for block quotation, but it may aid in cleaner meta-data implementation later.)</small> {{para|character}} a.k.a. {{para|char}} or {{para|5}} – to attribute fictional speech to a fictional character, {{em|with}} other citation information. Can also be used to attribute real speech to a specific speaker among many, e.g. in a roundtable/panel transcript, a band interview, etc. This parameter outputs "[{{Var|Character's name}}], in" after the attribution dash and before the output of the parameters above, thus one or more of those parameters must also be supplied. If you need to cite a fictional speaker in an article about a single work of fiction, where repeating the author and title information would be redundant, you can just use the {{para|author}} parameter instead of {{para|character}}. Technically, all citation information can be given in a single parameter, as in: {{code|lang="wikitext"|code={{!}}source=Anonymous interview subject, in Jane G. Arthur, "The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels", ''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'' (2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.)}} But this is a bit messy, and will impede later efforts to generate metadata from quotation attribution the way we are already doing with source citations. This is much more usable: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> |character=Anonymous interview subject |author=Jane G. Arthur |title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels" |source=''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'' (2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.) </syntaxhighlight> Later development can assign a CSS <code>class</code> and so forth to these separate parameters, upon which scripts would be able to operate (e.g. to look up things in WikiQuote). === Rarely used technical parameters === * {{anchor|multiline}}{{para|multiline}} – keep forced linebreaks in output.{{pb}}''Notes:'' ** Will only be applied if at least one of these other parameters or its aliases is not empty (including implicit, unnamed parameters):{{pb}}{{para|author}}, {{para|title}}, {{para|source}}, or {{para|character}}. ** The value does not matter, as long it is not empty. Using a so called speaking parameter (such as <code>true</code> or <code>yes</code>) is highly recommended. Avoid values that can surprise users (e.g. <code>false</code> or <code>no</code>). * {{para|style}} – allows specifying additional [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] styles ({{em|not}} classes) to apply to the {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>...</blockquote>}} element. {{Crossreference|(See [[#Nested quotations]], below, for the most common use case.)}} * {{para|class}} – allows specifying additional HTML classes to apply to the same element. == Reference citations == {{anchor|Attribution|reason=Old section name}} A [[WP:Citing sources|reference citation]] can be placed before the quote, after the quote, or in the {{para|source}} parameter: {{bulleted list |{{tick}} {{stronggood|Typical use:}} In the regular-prose introduction to the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed {{para|author}}, {{para|title}}, or {{para|source}} parameters: <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>According to Pat Doe, in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015):<ref>...</ref> {{blockquote |text=Quoted material.}}</syntaxhighlight> |At the end of the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed {{para|author}}, {{para|title}}, or {{para|source}} parameters, and placement before the quote isn't appropriate (e.g. because the material immediately before the quote isn't cited to the same source or introduces multiple quotes from different sources: <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>Pat Doe and Chris Foo took opposing positions: {{blockquote |text=Doe's Quoted material.<ref>...</ref>}} {{blockquote |text=Foo's Quoted material.<ref>...</ref>}}</syntaxhighlight> |After the {{para|source}} value (if a value is given for the {{para|source}} parameter other than the <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> itself):<syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>One expert noted in 2015: {{blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe |source="Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015)<ref>...</ref>}}</syntaxhighlight> |{{xmark}} {{strongbad|Deprecated:}} <s>After the quoted person's name in {{para|author}}, or after the work's title in {{para|title}}, when a {{para|source}} parameter is not being added: <syntaxhighlight lang="html" inline>As noted in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015): {{blockquote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe<ref>...</ref>}}</syntaxhighlight></s>{{pb}}{{A note}} Please avoid this format, as it will pollute the author or title metadata with non-author or non-title information. }} Please do not place the citation in a {{para|author}} or {{para|source}} parameter by itself, as it will produce a nonsensical attribution line that looks like this: {{pb}}{{in5}}—&#8239;{{dummy reference}}{{pb}} Please also do not put it just outside the {{tlf|blockquote}} template, as this will cause a: {{pb}}{{in5}}{{dummy reference}}{{pb}}on a line by itself. == Limitations == {{anchor|Restrictions|reason=Old section name}} If you do not provide text, the template generates a parser error message, which will appear in red text in the rendered page. If any parameter's actual value contains an [[equals sign]] (<code>=</code>), you {{strong|must}} use a named parameter (e.g. <code>|text="E=MC²" is a formula everyone knows but few understand</code>, not a blank-name positional parameter. The text before the equals sign gets misinterpreted as a named parameter otherwise. Be wary of URLs, which frequently contain this character. Named parameters are always safer, in this and other templates. If any parameter's actual value contains characters used for wiki markup syntax (such as [[vertical bar|pipe]], [[brackets]], single quotation marks, etc.), you may need to escape it. See {{tlx|!}} and friends. Do not combine named and unnamed parameters. For example, if {{para|text}} is used for the quotation, followed by an unnamed parameter for the source, the first unnamed parameter will be interpreted as {{para|1}} instead of {{para|2}}, and it will be ignored. This is a problem inherent in any template that uses multiple unnamed parameters with aliases. === Next to right-floated boxes === {{As of|2015|09|post=,}} the text of a block quotation may rarely overflow (in Firefox or other Gecko browsers) a right-floated item (e.g. a {{tlx|Listen}} box, when that item is below another right-floated item of a fixed size that is narrower. In Safari and other Webkit browsers (and even more rarely in Chrome/Chromium) the same condition can cause the block quotation to be pushed downward. Both of these problems can be fixed by either: # removing the sizing on the upper item and letting it use its default size (e.g. removing <code>{{var|###}}x{{var|###}}px</code> sizing or {{para|upright}} from a right-floated image above a wider right-floated object that is being overflowed by quotation text; or # using {{para|style|{{code|lang=css|code=overflow:inherit;}}}} in the quotation template. There may be other solutions, and future browser upgrades may eliminate the issue. It arises at all because of the <syntaxhighlight lang="css" inline>blockquote {overflow: hidden;}</syntaxhighlight> CSS declaration in [[Mediawiki:Common.css]], which itself works around other, more common display problems. A solution that fixes {{em|all}} of the issues is unknown at this time. === Vanishing quotes === In rare layout cases, e.g. when quotes are sandwiched between userboxes, a quotation may appear blanked out, in some browsers. The workaround for this problem is to add {{para|style|{{code|lang=css|code=overflow:inherit;}}}} to such an instance of the template. === Line breaks === This template sets a text style which might ignore one blank line, and so the template must be ended with a break (newline) or the next blank line might be ignored. Otherwise, beware inline, as:<br />{{in5}}text here {{tlf|blockquote|this is quoted}} More text here<br />spans a blank line, unless a {{tlf|blockquote|...}} is ended with a line break, then the next blank line might be ignored and two paragraphs joined. The {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>}} element and any templates that use it do not honor newlines: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> <blockquote> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </blockquote> </nowiki> |<blockquote> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </blockquote> }} An easy solution is to use the {{tl|poem quote}} template instead of {{tag|blockquote}}. This is effectively the same as using the {{xtag|poem}} tag inside {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>}}, which converts line breaks to {{code|lang=html|code=<br />}} tags: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> <blockquote><poem> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </poem></blockquote> </nowiki> |<blockquote><poem> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </poem></blockquote> }} To markup actual paragraphs within block quotations, entire blank lines can be used between them, which will convert to {{code|lang=html|code=<p>...</p>}} tags: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> <blockquote> Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 </blockquote> </nowiki> |<blockquote> Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 </blockquote> }} Note that it may be necessary to put a line break in the wikitext before <nowiki><blockquote> and after </blockquote></nowiki> in order for the paragraphs to render with the intended separation. (This also makes the wikitext easier to read.) This paragraph style also works with {{tl|blockquote}}, which is a replacement for {{xtag|blockquote}} that also has parameters to make formatting of the attribution more convenient and consistent. Blockquote and templates that call it, and are indented with colon (:), bulleted with asterisk (*), or numbered with number (#), may generate errors and incorrectly display anything after a newline character. To ensure that the blockquote displays properly, put all of the wikitext on a single line, with no manual line breaks, like this, ending with the {{tag|blockquote|c}} tag or the closing braces of the template still on the same line: {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> :<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> </nowiki> | :<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> }} {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> *{{blockquote|Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2}} </nowiki> | *{{blockquote|Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2}} }} {{markup |tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki> #<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> </nowiki> | #<blockquote>Paragraph 1<br>Paragraph 2</blockquote> }} ---- === Nested quotations === The {{code|lang=html|code=<blockquote>...</blockquote>}} element has styles that change the font size: on desktop, text is smaller; on mobile, it is larger. This change is relative to the enclosing context, meaning that if you quote from a source that itself uses a block quotation, you'll find that the inner quotation is either really tiny and hard to read, or really large and barely fits on the screen. To fix this issue, add the parameter {{para|style|{{code|lang=css|font-size:inherit;}}}} on any inner {{tlf|blockquote}} templates. === Technical issues with block templates === {{Block bug documentation}} == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}}<templatedata> { "description": "Adds a block quotation.", "params": { "text": { "label": "text", "description": "The text to quote", "type": "content", "required": true, "aliases": [ "1", "quote" ], "example": "Cry \"Havoc\" and let slip the dogs of war." }, "author": { "label": "author", "description": "The writer of the source", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "2", "cite", "sign" ], "example": "William Shakespeare", "suggested": true }, "title": { "label": "title", "description": "The work being quoted from", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "3" ], "example": "Julius Caesar", "suggested": true }, "source": { "label": "source", "description": "A source for the quote", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "4" ], "example": "act III, scene I", "suggested": true }, "character": { "label": "character", "description": "The speaker within the work who is being quoted", "type": "content", "required": false, "aliases": [ "5", "char" ], "example": "Mark Antony", "suggested": false }, "multiline": { "label": "multiline", "description": "Keeps forced linebreaks in output", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "true", "suggested": false }, "style": { "label": "style", "description": "Additional CSS styles (not classes) to apply", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "font-size:inherit;", "suggested": false }, "class": { "label": "class", "description": "Additional HTML classes to apply", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "pullquote", "suggested": false } } }</templatedata> == Tracking categories == * {{Category link with count|Pages incorrectly using the quote template}} * {{Category link with count|Pages using Blockquote template with unknown parameters}} ==See also== {{Quotation templates}} {{semantic markup templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- ADD CATEGORIES AFTER THIS LINE, PLEASE: --> [[Category:Quotation templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] }}</includeonly> 9k701mvqaglwpsay49tasqy8fiywter 828 49399 121235 2024-05-24T16:57:51Z en>Awesome Aasim 0 safesubst + nowiki 121235 Scribunto text/plain --<nowiki> return { "{{safesubst:#if:%s|[[Lorem ipsum]]|Lorem ipsum}} dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.", "Curabitur pretium tincidunt lacus. Nulla gravida orci a odio. Nullam varius, turpis et commodo pharetra, est eros bibendum elit, nec luctus magna felis sollicitudin mauris. Integer in mauris eu nibh euismod gravida. Duis ac tellus et risus vulputate vehicula. Donec lobortis risus a elit. Etiam tempor. Ut ullamcorper, ligula eu tempor congue, eros est euismod turpis, id tincidunt sapien risus a quam. Maecenas fermentum consequat mi. Donec fermentum. Pellentesque malesuada nulla a mi. Duis sapien sem, aliquet nec, commodo eget, consequat quis, neque. Aliquam faucibus, elit ut dictum aliquet, felis nisl adipiscing sapien, sed malesuada diam lacus eget erat. Cras mollis scelerisque nunc. Nullam arcu. Aliquam consequat. Curabitur augue lorem, dapibus quis, laoreet et, pretium ac, nisi. Aenean magna nisl, mollis quis, molestie eu, feugiat in, orci. In hac habitasse platea dictumst.", "Fusce convallis, mauris imperdiet gravida bibendum, nisl turpis suscipit mauris, sed placerat ipsum urna sed risus. In convallis tellus a mauris. Curabitur non elit ut libero tristique sodales. Mauris a lacus. Donec mattis semper leo. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Vivamus facilisis diam at odio. Mauris dictum, nisi eget consequat elementum, lacus ligula molestie metus, non feugiat orci magna ac sem. Donec turpis. Donec vitae metus. Morbi tristique neque eu mauris. Quisque gravida ipsum non sapien. Proin turpis lacus, scelerisque vitae, elementum at, lobortis ac, quam. Aliquam dictum eleifend risus. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Etiam sit amet diam. Suspendisse odio. Suspendisse nunc. In semper bibendum libero.", "Proin nonummy, lacus eget pulvinar lacinia, pede felis dignissim leo, vitae tristique magna lacus sit amet eros. Nullam ornare. Praesent odio ligula, dapibus sed, tincidunt eget, dictum ac, nibh. Nam quis lacus. Nunc eleifend molestie velit. Morbi lobortis quam eu velit. Donec euismod vestibulum massa. Donec non lectus. Aliquam commodo lacus sit amet nulla. Cras dignissim elit et augue. Nullam non diam. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Aenean vestibulum. Sed lobortis elit quis lectus. Nunc sed lacus at augue bibendum dapibus.", "Aliquam vehicula sem ut pede. Cras purus lectus, egestas eu, vehicula at, imperdiet sed, nibh. Morbi consectetuer luctus felis. Donec vitae nisi. Aliquam tincidunt feugiat elit. Duis sed elit ut turpis ullamcorper feugiat. Praesent pretium, mauris sed fermentum hendrerit, nulla lorem iaculis magna, pulvinar scelerisque urna tellus a justo. Suspendisse pulvinar massa in metus. Duis quis quam. Proin justo. Curabitur ac sapien. Nam erat. Praesent ut quam.", "Vivamus commodo, augue et laoreet euismod, sem sapien tempor dolor, ac egestas sem ligula quis lacus. Donec vestibulum tortor ac lacus. Sed posuere vestibulum nisl. Curabitur eleifend fermentum justo. Nullam imperdiet. Integer sit amet mauris imperdiet risus sollicitudin rutrum. Ut vitae turpis. Nulla facilisi. Quisque tortor velit, scelerisque et, facilisis vel, tempor sed, urna. Vivamus nulla elit, vestibulum eget, semper et, scelerisque eget, lacus. Pellentesque viverra purus. Quisque elit. Donec ut dolor.", "Duis volutpat elit et erat. In at nulla at nisl condimentum aliquet. Quisque elementum pharetra lacus. Nunc gravida arcu eget nunc. Nulla iaculis egestas magna. Aliquam erat volutpat. Sed pellentesque orci. Etiam lacus lorem, iaculis sit amet, pharetra quis, imperdiet sit amet, lectus. Integer quis elit ac mi aliquam pretium. Nullam mauris orci, porttitor eget, sollicitudin non, vulputate id, risus. Donec varius enim nec sem. Nam aliquam lacinia enim. Quisque eget lorem eu purus dignissim ultricies. Fusce porttitor hendrerit ante. Mauris urna diam, cursus id, mattis eget, tempus sit amet, risus. Curabitur eu felis. Sed eu mi. Nullam lectus mauris, luctus a, mattis ac, tempus non, leo. Cras mi nulla, rhoncus id, laoreet ut, ultricies id, odio.", "Donec imperdiet. Vestibulum auctor tortor at orci. Integer semper, nisi eget suscipit eleifend, erat nisl hendrerit justo, eget vestibulum lorem justo ac leo. Integer sem velit, pharetra in, fringilla eu, fermentum id, felis. Vestibulum sed felis. In elit. Praesent et pede vel ante dapibus condimentum. Donec magna. Quisque id risus. Mauris vulputate pellentesque leo. Duis vulputate, ligula at venenatis tincidunt, orci nunc interdum leo, ac egestas elit sem ut lacus. Etiam non diam quis arcu egestas commodo. Curabitur nec massa ac massa gravida condimentum. Aenean id libero. Pellentesque vitae tellus. Fusce lectus est, accumsan ac, bibendum sed, porta eget, augue. Etiam faucibus. Quisque tempus purus eu ante.", "Vestibulum sapien nisl, ornare auctor, consectetuer quis, posuere tristique, odio. Fusce ultrices ullamcorper odio. Ut augue nulla, interdum at, adipiscing non, tristique eget, neque. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Ut pede est, condimentum id, scelerisque ac, malesuada non, quam. Proin eu ligula ac sapien suscipit blandit. Suspendisse euismod. Ut accumsan, neque id gravida luctus, arcu pede sodales felis, vel blandit massa arcu eget ligula. Aenean sed turpis. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Donec sem eros, ornare ut, commodo eu, tempor nec, risus. Donec laoreet dapibus ligula. Praesent orci leo, bibendum nec, ornare et, nonummy in, elit. Donec interdum feugiat leo. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Pellentesque feugiat ullamcorper ipsum. Donec convallis tincidunt urna.", "Suspendisse et orci et arcu porttitor pellentesque. Sed lacus nunc, fermentum vel, vehicula in, imperdiet eget, urna. Nam consectetuer euismod nunc. Nulla dignissim posuere nulla. Integer iaculis lacinia massa. Nullam sapien augue, condimentum vel, venenatis id, rhoncus pellentesque, sapien. Donec sed ipsum ultrices turpis consectetuer imperdiet. Duis et ipsum ac nisl laoreet commodo. Mauris eu est. Suspendisse id turpis quis orci euismod consequat. Donec tellus mi, luctus sit amet, ultrices a, convallis eu, lorem. Proin faucibus convallis elit. Maecenas rhoncus arcu at arcu. Proin libero. Proin adipiscing. In quis lorem vitae elit consectetuer pretium. Nullam ligula urna, adipiscing nec, iaculis ut, elementum non, turpis. Fusce pulvinar.", } --</nowiki> byjgx57wqk698ayn134dpkwawy4zpww 121236 121235 2026-09-04T22:14:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Lorem_ipsum/data]] 121235 Scribunto text/plain --<nowiki> return { "{{safesubst:#if:%s|[[Lorem ipsum]]|Lorem ipsum}} dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.", "Curabitur pretium tincidunt lacus. Nulla gravida orci a odio. Nullam varius, turpis et commodo pharetra, est eros bibendum elit, nec luctus magna felis sollicitudin mauris. Integer in mauris eu nibh euismod gravida. Duis ac tellus et risus vulputate vehicula. Donec lobortis risus a elit. Etiam tempor. Ut ullamcorper, ligula eu tempor congue, eros est euismod turpis, id tincidunt sapien risus a quam. Maecenas fermentum consequat mi. Donec fermentum. Pellentesque malesuada nulla a mi. Duis sapien sem, aliquet nec, commodo eget, consequat quis, neque. Aliquam faucibus, elit ut dictum aliquet, felis nisl adipiscing sapien, sed malesuada diam lacus eget erat. Cras mollis scelerisque nunc. Nullam arcu. Aliquam consequat. Curabitur augue lorem, dapibus quis, laoreet et, pretium ac, nisi. Aenean magna nisl, mollis quis, molestie eu, feugiat in, orci. In hac habitasse platea dictumst.", "Fusce convallis, mauris imperdiet gravida bibendum, nisl turpis suscipit mauris, sed placerat ipsum urna sed risus. In convallis tellus a mauris. Curabitur non elit ut libero tristique sodales. Mauris a lacus. Donec mattis semper leo. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Vivamus facilisis diam at odio. Mauris dictum, nisi eget consequat elementum, lacus ligula molestie metus, non feugiat orci magna ac sem. Donec turpis. Donec vitae metus. Morbi tristique neque eu mauris. Quisque gravida ipsum non sapien. Proin turpis lacus, scelerisque vitae, elementum at, lobortis ac, quam. Aliquam dictum eleifend risus. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Etiam sit amet diam. Suspendisse odio. Suspendisse nunc. In semper bibendum libero.", "Proin nonummy, lacus eget pulvinar lacinia, pede felis dignissim leo, vitae tristique magna lacus sit amet eros. Nullam ornare. Praesent odio ligula, dapibus sed, tincidunt eget, dictum ac, nibh. Nam quis lacus. Nunc eleifend molestie velit. Morbi lobortis quam eu velit. Donec euismod vestibulum massa. Donec non lectus. Aliquam commodo lacus sit amet nulla. Cras dignissim elit et augue. Nullam non diam. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Aenean vestibulum. Sed lobortis elit quis lectus. Nunc sed lacus at augue bibendum dapibus.", "Aliquam vehicula sem ut pede. Cras purus lectus, egestas eu, vehicula at, imperdiet sed, nibh. Morbi consectetuer luctus felis. Donec vitae nisi. Aliquam tincidunt feugiat elit. Duis sed elit ut turpis ullamcorper feugiat. Praesent pretium, mauris sed fermentum hendrerit, nulla lorem iaculis magna, pulvinar scelerisque urna tellus a justo. Suspendisse pulvinar massa in metus. Duis quis quam. Proin justo. Curabitur ac sapien. Nam erat. Praesent ut quam.", "Vivamus commodo, augue et laoreet euismod, sem sapien tempor dolor, ac egestas sem ligula quis lacus. Donec vestibulum tortor ac lacus. Sed posuere vestibulum nisl. Curabitur eleifend fermentum justo. Nullam imperdiet. Integer sit amet mauris imperdiet risus sollicitudin rutrum. Ut vitae turpis. Nulla facilisi. Quisque tortor velit, scelerisque et, facilisis vel, tempor sed, urna. Vivamus nulla elit, vestibulum eget, semper et, scelerisque eget, lacus. Pellentesque viverra purus. Quisque elit. Donec ut dolor.", "Duis volutpat elit et erat. In at nulla at nisl condimentum aliquet. Quisque elementum pharetra lacus. Nunc gravida arcu eget nunc. Nulla iaculis egestas magna. Aliquam erat volutpat. Sed pellentesque orci. Etiam lacus lorem, iaculis sit amet, pharetra quis, imperdiet sit amet, lectus. Integer quis elit ac mi aliquam pretium. Nullam mauris orci, porttitor eget, sollicitudin non, vulputate id, risus. Donec varius enim nec sem. Nam aliquam lacinia enim. Quisque eget lorem eu purus dignissim ultricies. Fusce porttitor hendrerit ante. Mauris urna diam, cursus id, mattis eget, tempus sit amet, risus. Curabitur eu felis. Sed eu mi. Nullam lectus mauris, luctus a, mattis ac, tempus non, leo. Cras mi nulla, rhoncus id, laoreet ut, ultricies id, odio.", "Donec imperdiet. Vestibulum auctor tortor at orci. Integer semper, nisi eget suscipit eleifend, erat nisl hendrerit justo, eget vestibulum lorem justo ac leo. Integer sem velit, pharetra in, fringilla eu, fermentum id, felis. Vestibulum sed felis. In elit. Praesent et pede vel ante dapibus condimentum. Donec magna. Quisque id risus. Mauris vulputate pellentesque leo. Duis vulputate, ligula at venenatis tincidunt, orci nunc interdum leo, ac egestas elit sem ut lacus. Etiam non diam quis arcu egestas commodo. Curabitur nec massa ac massa gravida condimentum. Aenean id libero. Pellentesque vitae tellus. Fusce lectus est, accumsan ac, bibendum sed, porta eget, augue. Etiam faucibus. Quisque tempus purus eu ante.", "Vestibulum sapien nisl, ornare auctor, consectetuer quis, posuere tristique, odio. Fusce ultrices ullamcorper odio. Ut augue nulla, interdum at, adipiscing non, tristique eget, neque. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Ut pede est, condimentum id, scelerisque ac, malesuada non, quam. Proin eu ligula ac sapien suscipit blandit. Suspendisse euismod. Ut accumsan, neque id gravida luctus, arcu pede sodales felis, vel blandit massa arcu eget ligula. Aenean sed turpis. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Donec sem eros, ornare ut, commodo eu, tempor nec, risus. Donec laoreet dapibus ligula. Praesent orci leo, bibendum nec, ornare et, nonummy in, elit. Donec interdum feugiat leo. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Pellentesque feugiat ullamcorper ipsum. Donec convallis tincidunt urna.", "Suspendisse et orci et arcu porttitor pellentesque. Sed lacus nunc, fermentum vel, vehicula in, imperdiet eget, urna. Nam consectetuer euismod nunc. Nulla dignissim posuere nulla. Integer iaculis lacinia massa. Nullam sapien augue, condimentum vel, venenatis id, rhoncus pellentesque, sapien. Donec sed ipsum ultrices turpis consectetuer imperdiet. Duis et ipsum ac nisl laoreet commodo. Mauris eu est. Suspendisse id turpis quis orci euismod consequat. Donec tellus mi, luctus sit amet, ultrices a, convallis eu, lorem. Proin faucibus convallis elit. Maecenas rhoncus arcu at arcu. Proin libero. Proin adipiscing. In quis lorem vitae elit consectetuer pretium. Nullam ligula urna, adipiscing nec, iaculis ut, elementum non, turpis. Fusce pulvinar.", } --</nowiki> byjgx57wqk698ayn134dpkwawy4zpww 828 49400 121237 2026-04-22T18:15:33Z en>Ahecht 0 Consolidate redundant code 121237 Scribunto text/plain local yn = require("Module:Yesno") local p = {} function p._main(args) local paragraphs = {} local outTbl = setmetatable({}, {__call = function (t, v) t[#t+1] = v end}) local link = yn(args["link"]) or yn(args[4]) or false local join = yn(args["join"]) or false local joinprefixsuffix = yn(args["joinprefixsuffix"]) or false local cat = yn(args["cat"]) or true local count = tonumber(args[1]) or 1 local i = tonumber(args["start"]) or 1 local data = mw.loadData(args["data"] or "Module:Lorem_ipsum/data") local maxLen = tonumber(args["max len"]) for k,v in ipairs(data) do table.insert(paragraphs, v) end if join and (not joinprefixsuffix) then outTbl(args["prefix"] or args[2] or "") end while i > 0 and i <= count do if (not join) or joinprefixsuffix then outTbl(args["prefix"] or args[2] or "\n") end mw.log(count, i, data) outTbl(mw.ustring.format(paragraphs[math.mod(i - 1, #paragraphs) + 1], (link and "link" or ""))) if not join then outTbl((args["suffix"] or args[3] or "") .. "\n") else if joinprefixsuffix then outTbl(args["suffix"] or args[3] or "") end outTbl(i == count and "" or " ") end link = false i = i + 1 end if join and (not joinprefixsuffix) then outTbl(args["suffix"] or args[3] or "") end if cat and mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 and not mw.isSubsting() then outTbl("[[Category:Wikipedia articles containing placeholders]]") end local outStr = mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess(table.concat(outTbl)) return maxLen and mw.ustring.sub(outStr, 1, maxLen) or outStr end function p.main(frame) local args = require("Module:Arguments").getArgs(frame) return p._main(args, false) end function p.oneParagraph(frame) local args = require("Module:Arguments").getArgs(frame) args["join"] = true args["start"] = tonumber(args[1]) or 1 return p._main(args) end return p ticslja3ndit4cegu819uq3opezvms0 121238 121237 2026-09-04T22:14:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Module:Lorem_ipsum]] 121237 Scribunto text/plain local yn = require("Module:Yesno") local p = {} function p._main(args) local paragraphs = {} local outTbl = setmetatable({}, {__call = function (t, v) t[#t+1] = v end}) local link = yn(args["link"]) or yn(args[4]) or false local join = yn(args["join"]) or false local joinprefixsuffix = yn(args["joinprefixsuffix"]) or false local cat = yn(args["cat"]) or true local count = tonumber(args[1]) or 1 local i = tonumber(args["start"]) or 1 local data = mw.loadData(args["data"] or "Module:Lorem_ipsum/data") local maxLen = tonumber(args["max len"]) for k,v in ipairs(data) do table.insert(paragraphs, v) end if join and (not joinprefixsuffix) then outTbl(args["prefix"] or args[2] or "") end while i > 0 and i <= count do if (not join) or joinprefixsuffix then outTbl(args["prefix"] or args[2] or "\n") end mw.log(count, i, data) outTbl(mw.ustring.format(paragraphs[math.mod(i - 1, #paragraphs) + 1], (link and "link" or ""))) if not join then outTbl((args["suffix"] or args[3] or "") .. "\n") else if joinprefixsuffix then outTbl(args["suffix"] or args[3] or "") end outTbl(i == count and "" or " ") end link = false i = i + 1 end if join and (not joinprefixsuffix) then outTbl(args["suffix"] or args[3] or "") end if cat and mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 and not mw.isSubsting() then outTbl("[[Category:Wikipedia articles containing placeholders]]") end local outStr = mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess(table.concat(outTbl)) return maxLen and mw.ustring.sub(outStr, 1, maxLen) or outStr end function p.main(frame) local args = require("Module:Arguments").getArgs(frame) return p._main(args, false) end function p.oneParagraph(frame) local args = require("Module:Arguments").getArgs(frame) args["join"] = true args["start"] = tonumber(args[1]) or 1 return p._main(args) end return p ticslja3ndit4cegu819uq3opezvms0 10 49401 121241 2026-06-14T03:25:58Z en>EmausBot 0 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Template:Block indentations templates]] to [[Template:Block indentation templates]] 121241 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Block indentation templates]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} hfbdjawlc8z4hcdqvkz4spqut029yr4 121242 121241 2026-09-04T22:14:26Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Blockquote/SimpleMOS]] 121241 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Block indentation templates]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} hfbdjawlc8z4hcdqvkz4spqut029yr4 10 49402 121243 2026-06-14T03:26:08Z en>EmausBot 0 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Template:Block indentations templates/Recommended for articles]] to [[Template:Block indentation templates/Recommended for articles]] 121243 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Block indentation templates/Recommended for articles]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} qxe98mpfo9mpavt72svzyvrp5ian5ep 121244 121243 2026-09-04T22:14:26Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Blockquote/SimpleMOS/Recommended_for_articles]] 121243 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Block indentation templates/Recommended for articles]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from move}} }} qxe98mpfo9mpavt72svzyvrp5ian5ep 10 49403 121245 2026-06-12T13:01:50Z en>Jonesey95 0 Jonesey95 moved page [[Template:Block indentations templates]] to [[Template:Block indentation templates]]: fix typo in name 121245 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align: center;" |+ style="padding-left: 2.5rem;" | Block indentation templates {{Navbar|Block indentations templates|brackets=y|mini=y|style=float: right;}} ! Use case ! Template |- | Long quotations | {{Template link general|Blockquote}} |- | With line breaks <small><kbd>⏎</kbd></small> | {{Template link general|Poem quote}} |- | Non-quotations | {{Template link general|Block indent}}<br />{{Template link general|Indent 5}} <small>(inline)</small> |- | Math formulae | See [[Help:Displaying a formula#Block|{{Tag|math|o|style=plain}} blocks]] |}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 4j9lq41palgd9zzmb28ho9tisucun29 121246 121245 2026-09-04T22:14:26Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Block_indentation_templates]] 121245 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align: center;" |+ style="padding-left: 2.5rem;" | Block indentation templates {{Navbar|Block indentations templates|brackets=y|mini=y|style=float: right;}} ! Use case ! Template |- | Long quotations | {{Template link general|Blockquote}} |- | With line breaks <small><kbd>⏎</kbd></small> | {{Template link general|Poem quote}} |- | Non-quotations | {{Template link general|Block indent}}<br />{{Template link general|Indent 5}} <small>(inline)</small> |- | Math formulae | See [[Help:Displaying a formula#Block|{{Tag|math|o|style=plain}} blocks]] |}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}</noinclude> 4j9lq41palgd9zzmb28ho9tisucun29 10 49404 121247 2026-06-12T13:01:51Z en>Jonesey95 0 Jonesey95 moved page [[Template:Block indentations templates/Recommended for articles]] to [[Template:Block indentation templates/Recommended for articles]]: fix typo in name 121247 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="display:flex;"> <div style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, gray); background-color: var(--background-color-success-subtle, lightgreen); display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin: 0.5em 0; align-items: center; width:50%;"> <div style="width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 10px;">[[File:Green check.svg|class=skin-invert|x30px|link=|alt=]]</div> <div style="width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em; margin: 0; color: var(--color-base);">For <span style="color: var(--color-content-added, darkgreen);">'''quotes'''</span> from books, web pages or journal articles as recommended by the [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Block_quotations|Manual of Style guidelines for block quotations]].</div></div> <div style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, gray); background-color: var(--background-color-destructive-subtle, lightred); display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin: 0.5em 0; align-items: center; border-left: none; width:50%;"> <div style=" width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 10px;"> [[File:Red_x.svg|x30px|class=skin-invert|link=|alt=]]</div> <div style="width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em; margin: 0; color: var(--color-base);">Not for <span style="color: var(--color-destructive, darkred);>'''non-quotations'''</span>. For example, indenting example text in guidelines or how-tos or unbulleted lists.</div> </div></div> sezcwwm3jjz7x8faaslf7qemshkpheb 121248 121247 2026-09-04T22:14:26Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Block_indentation_templates/Recommended_for_articles]] 121247 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="display:flex;"> <div style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, gray); background-color: var(--background-color-success-subtle, lightgreen); display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin: 0.5em 0; align-items: center; width:50%;"> <div style="width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 10px;">[[File:Green check.svg|class=skin-invert|x30px|link=|alt=]]</div> <div style="width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em; margin: 0; color: var(--color-base);">For <span style="color: var(--color-content-added, darkgreen);">'''quotes'''</span> from books, web pages or journal articles as recommended by the [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Block_quotations|Manual of Style guidelines for block quotations]].</div></div> <div style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, gray); background-color: var(--background-color-destructive-subtle, lightred); display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin: 0.5em 0; align-items: center; border-left: none; width:50%;"> <div style=" width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 10px;"> [[File:Red_x.svg|x30px|class=skin-invert|link=|alt=]]</div> <div style="width: fit-content; padding: 0.5em 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em; margin: 0; color: var(--color-base);">Not for <span style="color: var(--color-destructive, darkred);>'''non-quotations'''</span>. For example, indenting example text in guidelines or how-tos or unbulleted lists.</div> </div></div> sezcwwm3jjz7x8faaslf7qemshkpheb 11 49405 121257 2020-09-03T18:44:09Z en>RichardW57 0 Recorded copying. 121257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{copied|from=Template:Huge|from_oldid=819687572|to=:incubator:Template:Wp/nod/huge|to_diff=4299347}} sv92irr3fi1w7yi8gnrml5tdtn64gom 121258 121257 2026-09-04T22:15:34Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template_talk:Huge]] 121257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{copied|from=Template:Huge|from_oldid=819687572|to=:incubator:Template:Wp/nod/huge|to_diff=4299347}} sv92irr3fi1w7yi8gnrml5tdtn64gom 10 49406 121271 2026-02-09T18:00:20Z en>MusikBot II 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:YesNo]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 2512 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require extended confirmed access] (indefinite) [Move=Require extended confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121271 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Yesno]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from template shortcut}} }} f1a6rmlk8z0we4xw7io03apew18ta1s 121272 121271 2026-09-04T22:16:31Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:YesNo]] 121271 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Yesno]] {{Redirect category shell| {{R from template shortcut}} }} f1a6rmlk8z0we4xw7io03apew18ta1s 10 49407 121289 2024-06-11T22:38:34Z en>HouseBlaster 0 HouseBlaster moved page [[Template:Nom]] to [[Template:Nominated]]: expand template name per [[WP:TPN]] 121289 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="no table-no2 notheme"|{{{1|Nominated}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> swj8whme50cca60ss71j4f3jwgtbx14 121290 121289 2026-09-04T22:16:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Nominated]] 121289 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="no table-no2 notheme"|{{{1|Nominated}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> swj8whme50cca60ss71j4f3jwgtbx14 10 49408 121331 2024-09-09T02:53:45Z en>HouseBlaster 0 HouseBlaster moved page [[Template:Sho]] to [[Template:Shortlisted]] without leaving a redirect: expand template name per [[WP:TPN]] 121331 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE9; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no2"|{{{1|Shortlisted}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 067k3x5ruwsgig61f2l5615vzkqh25j 121332 121331 2026-09-04T22:16:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Shortlisted]] 121331 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE9; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no2"|{{{1|Shortlisted}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 067k3x5ruwsgig61f2l5615vzkqh25j 10 49409 121474 2025-01-20T17:28:49Z en>Ssupho0612079471 0 121474 sanitized-css text/css .linking-and-page-manipulation { width: 20em; background: #fdfdff; } .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title { display: block; font-size: 130%; padding: 6px 0 6px 0; margin: 6px 0px 6px 0px; background: #ddf; } .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-list-title { background: #eef; } /* Dark mode stylings */ /* Note: If using a CSS variable, there is no need to make use of `@media screen` */ @media screen { html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .linking-and-page-manipulation { background-color: #101418; color: white; } html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title { background-color: #202122; color: white; } } @media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { /* automatic mode */ html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .linking-and-page-manipulation { background-color: #101418; color: white; } html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title { background-color: #202122; color: white; } } mfy6brnelpxzelq17spxaygs32m5pgn 121475 121474 2026-09-04T22:17:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Linking_and_page_manipulation/styles.css]] 121474 sanitized-css text/css .linking-and-page-manipulation { width: 20em; background: #fdfdff; } .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title { display: block; font-size: 130%; padding: 6px 0 6px 0; margin: 6px 0px 6px 0px; background: #ddf; } .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-list-title { background: #eef; } /* Dark mode stylings */ /* Note: If using a CSS variable, there is no need to make use of `@media screen` */ @media screen { html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .linking-and-page-manipulation { background-color: #101418; color: white; } html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title { background-color: #202122; color: white; } } @media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { /* automatic mode */ html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .linking-and-page-manipulation { background-color: #101418; color: white; } html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .linking-and-page-manipulation .sidebar-title { background-color: #202122; color: white; } } mfy6brnelpxzelq17spxaygs32m5pgn 10 49410 121489 2026-01-14T01:25:12Z en>Ftrebien 0 Same colors as {{no}} and {{site inactive}} following [[MOS:COLORS]] 121489 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Inactive}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|content={{Distinguish|Template:Not around|Template:Retired}} {{Template:Table cell templates/doc}} }} [[Category:Generic WikiProject templates]] </noinclude> o1ky2tabu6iqwmcxyd391ttv8f4f7ee 121490 121489 2026-09-04T22:17:48Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Member_inactive]] 121489 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |</noinclude>style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no" | {{{1|Inactive}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|content={{Distinguish|Template:Not around|Template:Retired}} {{Template:Table cell templates/doc}} }} [[Category:Generic WikiProject templates]] </noinclude> o1ky2tabu6iqwmcxyd391ttv8f4f7ee 10 49411 121491 2020-01-08T15:55:37Z en>L293D 0 Cleaning up accepted [[Wikipedia:Articles for creation|Articles for creation]] submission ([[WP:AFCH|AFCH]] 0.9.1) 121491 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #0F0; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="correct"|{{{1|Correct}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> kjv6i98a2bpp4bjnef1ps6rjza8uo8k 121492 121491 2026-09-04T22:17:49Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Correct]] 121491 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude> {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #0F0; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="correct"|{{{1|Correct}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> kjv6i98a2bpp4bjnef1ps6rjza8uo8k 10 49412 121493 2026-03-10T00:17:52Z en>Primefac 0 Primefac moved page [[Template:TBA]] to [[Template:To be announced]]: expand name for clarity 121493 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|}}}" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="skin-invert no table-no2" | {{{1|{{abbr|TBA|To be announced}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> s3sexrfotc9kjvds80zrxoi3syrmm18 121494 121493 2026-09-04T22:17:50Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:To_be_announced]] 121493 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|}}}" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="skin-invert no table-no2" | {{{1|{{abbr|TBA|To be announced}}}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> s3sexrfotc9kjvds80zrxoi3syrmm18 10 49413 121499 2025-08-11T23:08:13Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Sticky header]]" ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 121499 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><templatestyles src="template:sticky header/styles.css"/></includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and add interwikis to Wikidata --> </noinclude> 9zhsu5qest5stost5mkrkzvrr7wtxm1 121500 121499 2026-09-04T22:17:51Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Sticky_header]] 121499 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><templatestyles src="template:sticky header/styles.css"/></includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and add interwikis to Wikidata --> </noinclude> 9zhsu5qest5stost5mkrkzvrr7wtxm1 10 49414 121501 2025-08-11T23:08:05Z en>Pppery 0 Changed protection settings for "[[Template:Sticky header/styles.css]]": [[WP:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]] ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite)) 121501 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ /** * Make first row or thead element top sticky. * * Table classes: * - sticky-header: sticky first row. * - sticky-header-multi: sticky thead; headers moved via sortable + JavaScript. * * Tested: * - Windows 10: (all skins) Chrome, Firefox, Edge. * - Android Galaxy S21 (Minerva): Chrome, Firefox. * - iPhone SE 2020 (Minerva): Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Opera, Safari. * - Wikipedia Android app. * - Print: Not styled. * - No JavaScript. * * Notes: * - Sortable moves to thead any header rows and (after sort) sorttop rows. * - Sticky gadget (.mw-sticky-header) moves to thead any wikitable header rows. * * Issues: * - Sticky in Timeless any width and other skins at <=639px width: tables wider * than content area overflow and horizontal table scroll lost. * - Monobook <=550px width, can't override style: * body.skin--responsive .monobook-body {overflow: auto;} */ @media screen and (min-width: 640px) { /** * Make top sticky. */ .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, .sticky-header-multi > thead { position: sticky; /* Was "static". */ top: 0; z-index: 10; } /* Timeless overflowed tables not sticky. */ body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header-multi > thead { position: static; /* Reset to prior. */ } /** * Fix scrolling data shows through sticky's transparent background. */ /* Plain table headers. */ .sticky-header:not(.wikitable), .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable) { background-color: var(--color-inverted, #fff); } /* Plain table headers. */ .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > *, /* For thead, tbody. */ .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > thead > tr:first-child, .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable) > thead, /* Wikitable and plain table .sorttop rows after sort. */ .sticky-header-multi > thead { background-color: inherit; } /** * Fix missing borders due to sticky position and wikitable collapsed borders. * https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=128486 * * Skip rare plain table separated borders, which sometimes shows scrolling * data through sticky's 2px "border-spacing". * * Skip very rare Timeless plain table ".mw-datatable" collapsed boarders. */ .sticky-header.wikitable, .sticky-header-multi.wikitable { border-collapse: separate; /* Was "collapse". */ border-spacing: 0; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0; } .sticky-header.wikitable td, .sticky-header.wikitable th, .sticky-header-multi.wikitable td, .sticky-header-multi.wikitable th { border-width: 1px 0 0 1px; } body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header.wikitable, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header-multi.wikitable { border-bottom-width: 0.2em; padding: 0; } /* Adjust {{static row numbers}} borders. */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before { border-left-width: 1px; } .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > thead > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > caption + tbody > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > thead > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > caption + tbody > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child::before, /* Sortbotton #1: all. When supported, consolidate #1-2 to tr:nth-child(1 of .sortbottom)::before */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before { border-top-width: 1px; } /* Sortbottom #2: all minus 1st. */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom ~ .sortbottom::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom ~ .sortbottom::before { border-top-width: 0; } /* After sort, "tbody:first-of-type" targets "tbody>tr:first-child". */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-of-type > tr:not(.static-row-header)::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-of-type > tr:not(.static-row-header)::before { border-bottom-width: 0; border-right-width: 0; } /* Timeless overflowed tables not sticky. */ body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header.wikitable, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header-multi.wikitable { border-collapse: collapse; /* Reset to prior. */ border-width: 1px; /* Reset to prior. */ } } /** * Adjust to other sticky elements. */ @media screen and (min-width: 1120px) { /* Vector (2022) width >=1120px: Below sticky header bar. */ body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header-multi > thead { top: 3.125rem; } } @media screen and (min-width: 851px) { /* Timeless width >=851px: Below sticky header bar. */ body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header-multi > thead { top: 3.51em; } } /** * Fix "Sticky Table Headers" gadget issues; this template has priority. */ @media screen { .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > thead, .sticky-header.mw-sticky-header > thead { position: static; /* Was "sticky". */ top: auto; /* Was "0". */ z-index: auto; /* Was "10". */ } .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > tfoot, .sticky-header.mw-sticky-header > tfoot, .sticky-header-multi.jquery-tablesorter > tfoot, .sticky-header-multi.mw-sticky-header > tfoot { position: static; /* Was "sticky". */ bottom: auto; /* Was "0". */ z-index: auto; /* Was "10". */ } } @media screen and (min-width: 1120px) { body.skin-vector-2022.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > thead { top: auto; /* Was "3.125rem". */ } html.client-js.vector-sticky-header-enabled .sticky-header .mw-sticky-header-element { top: auto !important; /* Was "3.125rem !important". */ } } @media screen and (min-width: 851px) { body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > thead, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header.mw-sticky-header > thead { top: auto; /* Was "3.125rem". */ } } sm0nhhbxc8bbrefu4xe2yxsbmpl09o6 121502 121501 2026-09-04T22:17:51Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Sticky_header/styles.css]] 121501 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ /** * Make first row or thead element top sticky. * * Table classes: * - sticky-header: sticky first row. * - sticky-header-multi: sticky thead; headers moved via sortable + JavaScript. * * Tested: * - Windows 10: (all skins) Chrome, Firefox, Edge. * - Android Galaxy S21 (Minerva): Chrome, Firefox. * - iPhone SE 2020 (Minerva): Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Opera, Safari. * - Wikipedia Android app. * - Print: Not styled. * - No JavaScript. * * Notes: * - Sortable moves to thead any header rows and (after sort) sorttop rows. * - Sticky gadget (.mw-sticky-header) moves to thead any wikitable header rows. * * Issues: * - Sticky in Timeless any width and other skins at <=639px width: tables wider * than content area overflow and horizontal table scroll lost. * - Monobook <=550px width, can't override style: * body.skin--responsive .monobook-body {overflow: auto;} */ @media screen and (min-width: 640px) { /** * Make top sticky. */ .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, .sticky-header-multi > thead { position: sticky; /* Was "static". */ top: 0; z-index: 10; } /* Timeless overflowed tables not sticky. */ body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header-multi > thead { position: static; /* Reset to prior. */ } /** * Fix scrolling data shows through sticky's transparent background. */ /* Plain table headers. */ .sticky-header:not(.wikitable), .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable) { background-color: var(--color-inverted, #fff); } /* Plain table headers. */ .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > *, /* For thead, tbody. */ .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > thead > tr:first-child, .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, .sticky-header:not(.wikitable) > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable) > thead, /* Wikitable and plain table .sorttop rows after sort. */ .sticky-header-multi > thead { background-color: inherit; } /** * Fix missing borders due to sticky position and wikitable collapsed borders. * https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=128486 * * Skip rare plain table separated borders, which sometimes shows scrolling * data through sticky's 2px "border-spacing". * * Skip very rare Timeless plain table ".mw-datatable" collapsed boarders. */ .sticky-header.wikitable, .sticky-header-multi.wikitable { border-collapse: separate; /* Was "collapse". */ border-spacing: 0; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0; } .sticky-header.wikitable td, .sticky-header.wikitable th, .sticky-header-multi.wikitable td, .sticky-header-multi.wikitable th { border-width: 1px 0 0 1px; } body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header.wikitable, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header-multi.wikitable { border-bottom-width: 0.2em; padding: 0; } /* Adjust {{static row numbers}} borders. */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before { border-left-width: 1px; } .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > thead > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > caption + tbody > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > thead > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > caption + tbody > tr:first-child::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child::before, /* Sortbotton #1: all. When supported, consolidate #1-2 to tr:nth-child(1 of .sortbottom)::before */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before { border-top-width: 1px; } /* Sortbottom #2: all minus 1st. */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom ~ .sortbottom::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom ~ .sortbottom::before { border-top-width: 0; } /* After sort, "tbody:first-of-type" targets "tbody>tr:first-child". */ .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-of-type > tr:not(.static-row-header)::before, .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable > tbody:first-of-type > tr:not(.static-row-header)::before { border-bottom-width: 0; border-right-width: 0; } /* Timeless overflowed tables not sticky. */ body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header.wikitable, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper.overflowed .sticky-header-multi.wikitable { border-collapse: collapse; /* Reset to prior. */ border-width: 1px; /* Reset to prior. */ } } /** * Adjust to other sticky elements. */ @media screen and (min-width: 1120px) { /* Vector (2022) width >=1120px: Below sticky header bar. */ body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, body.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header-multi > thead { top: 3.125rem; } } @media screen and (min-width: 851px) { /* Timeless width >=851px: Below sticky header bar. */ body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header > thead > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header > caption + tbody > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header-multi > thead { top: 3.51em; } } /** * Fix "Sticky Table Headers" gadget issues; this template has priority. */ @media screen { .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > thead, .sticky-header.mw-sticky-header > thead { position: static; /* Was "sticky". */ top: auto; /* Was "0". */ z-index: auto; /* Was "10". */ } .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > tfoot, .sticky-header.mw-sticky-header > tfoot, .sticky-header-multi.jquery-tablesorter > tfoot, .sticky-header-multi.mw-sticky-header > tfoot { position: static; /* Was "sticky". */ bottom: auto; /* Was "0". */ z-index: auto; /* Was "10". */ } } @media screen and (min-width: 1120px) { body.skin-vector-2022.vector-sticky-header-visible .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > thead { top: auto; /* Was "3.125rem". */ } html.client-js.vector-sticky-header-enabled .sticky-header .mw-sticky-header-element { top: auto !important; /* Was "3.125rem !important". */ } } @media screen and (min-width: 851px) { body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header.jquery-tablesorter > thead, body.skin-timeless .content-table-wrapper:not(.overflowed) .sticky-header.mw-sticky-header > thead { top: auto; /* Was "3.125rem". */ } } sm0nhhbxc8bbrefu4xe2yxsbmpl09o6 10 49415 121503 2024-07-11T18:27:38Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121503 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|Out}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> pz7vfx0i12xok81tbnen4qxcowddrpw 121504 121503 2026-09-04T22:17:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-out]] 121503 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #EEE; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|Out}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> pz7vfx0i12xok81tbnen4qxcowddrpw 10 49416 121505 2024-07-11T18:47:10Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121505 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|N}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> mlzin93jp7zeszqkytktczw43k7suun 121506 121505 2026-09-04T22:17:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-not_invited]] 121505 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFE3E3; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|N}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> mlzin93jp7zeszqkytktczw43k7suun 10 49417 121507 2024-07-11T18:47:15Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121507 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|O}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 4p00cqoek0satth6bhhxnf69h9kb34r 121508 121507 2026-09-04T22:17:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-other]] 121507 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #E7E7FF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|O}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 4p00cqoek0satth6bhhxnf69h9kb34r 10 49418 121509 2025-12-10T18:00:26Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Debate-present]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121509 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|P}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> nt9tumovsvwp911v19szyd9i7b8smfr 121510 121509 2026-09-04T22:17:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-present]] 121509 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|P}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> nt9tumovsvwp911v19szyd9i7b8smfr 10 49419 121511 2024-07-11T18:47:07Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121511 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|I}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> i4n3c3q9y137bqpfmeksag99fd1muz7 121512 121511 2026-09-04T22:17:56Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-invited]] 121511 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #DFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|I}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> i4n3c3q9y137bqpfmeksag99fd1muz7 10 49420 121513 2024-10-29T18:00:27Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Debate-absent]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121513 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|A}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> tng1fq2vaozsjajp1x5x4msvng9rnvq 121514 121513 2026-09-04T22:17:57Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-absent]] 121513 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|A}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> tng1fq2vaozsjajp1x5x4msvng9rnvq 10 49421 121515 2024-07-11T18:27:34Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121515 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE9; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|W}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 0si1kx6tclljy9il8wx3kezycvwatrv 121516 121515 2026-09-04T22:17:58Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-withdrawn]] 121515 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FE9; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|W}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 0si1kx6tclljy9il8wx3kezycvwatrv 10 49422 121517 2024-07-11T18:28:02Z en>Jonesey95 0 fix text color in dark mode; this generally works but may cause problems, in which case revert or try specifying a different CSS value 121517 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|NV}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> tiqhb9gd5e5kq3gw1i95rc3jn799i7d 121518 121517 2026-09-04T22:17:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Debate-not_voting]] 121517 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-debate"|{{{1|NV}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> tiqhb9gd5e5kq3gw1i95rc3jn799i7d 10 49423 121519 2026-01-31T04:41:12Z en>TechnoSquirrel69 0 Implementing [[Template talk:Warning sign#Template-protected edit request, January 26, 2026|template-protected edit request]] from yours truly 121519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Respond|Ambox warning pn.svg|{{{1|Warning}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!--Please add this template's categories to the /doc subpage, not here - thanks!--> </noinclude> h4i25xjf0dpk4k143boqzheakwiujk0 121520 121519 2026-09-04T22:17:59Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Warning_sign]] 121519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Respond|Ambox warning pn.svg|{{{1|Warning}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!--Please add this template's categories to the /doc subpage, not here - thanks!--> </noinclude> h4i25xjf0dpk4k143boqzheakwiujk0 10 49424 121521 2024-12-06T18:00:16Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Ya neutral]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 250 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121521 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Yan}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|Yes}}}" style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-yes2" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} |{{{text|[[File:Black check.svg|13px|class=skin-invert|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|Yes}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Checkmark insertion templates]] </noinclude> 5inxg2dnblkr29npywyjhy3lo4ju98q 121522 121521 2026-09-04T22:18:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Ya_neutral]] 121521 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Yan}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|Yes}}}" style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-yes2" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} |{{{text|[[File:Black check.svg|13px|class=skin-invert|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|Yes}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} [[Category:Checkmark insertion templates]] </noinclude> 5inxg2dnblkr29npywyjhy3lo4ju98q 10 49425 121523 2024-12-22T18:00:40Z en>MusikBot II 0 Protected "[[Template:Na neutral]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]]: 253 transclusions ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite)) 121523 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Nan}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|No}}}" style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no2" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} | {{{text|[[File:Black x.svg|13px|class=skin-invert|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|No}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}}</noinclude> 7zu8dqq3lp1ge7nu6xgjdizp5lugy83 121524 121523 2026-09-04T22:18:01Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Na_neutral]] 121523 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Nan}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>data-sort-value="{{{sort|No}}}" style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|center}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-no2" {{#if:{{{rowspan|}}}|rowspan="{{{rowspan}}}"}} | {{{text|[[File:Black x.svg|13px|class=skin-invert|link={{{link|}}}|{{{1|No}}}]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}}</noinclude> 7zu8dqq3lp1ge7nu6xgjdizp5lugy83 10 49426 121525 2024-09-14T18:46:09Z en>HouseBlaster 0 tsh 121525 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Rh2}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: {{Row header inactive/bgcolor}}; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|left}}}; font-weight: bolder; {{{style|}}}" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh"<noinclude>| Row Header |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> qt85k5k5uyd6gakari5aqxg83gqbbpl 121526 121525 2026-09-04T22:18:01Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Row_header_inactive]] 121525 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Rh2}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background: {{Row header inactive/bgcolor}}; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|left}}}; font-weight: bolder; {{{style|}}}" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh"<noinclude>| Row Header |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> qt85k5k5uyd6gakari5aqxg83gqbbpl 10 49427 121527 2024-09-14T18:45:32Z en>HouseBlaster 0 HouseBlaster moved page [[Template:Rh2/bgcolor]] to [[Template:Row header inactive/bgcolor]]: expand template name per [[WP:TPN]] 121527 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>#F4E3FF</nowiki> 9vf75vedhcpiqi9mrifeifjgrtfqp05 121528 121527 2026-09-04T22:18:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Row_header_inactive/bgcolor]] 121527 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>#F4E3FF</nowiki> 9vf75vedhcpiqi9mrifeifjgrtfqp05 10 49428 121529 2026-07-12T19:19:39Z en>TheDJ 0 fix linebreak 121529 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Rh}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background-color: var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color: var(--color-base,#202122);font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|left}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-rh"<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> 9tvz1ksnck15vpg48f3tukltfx01wk7 121530 121529 2026-09-04T22:18:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Row_header]] 121529 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{tsh|Rh}} {| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>style="background-color: var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color: var(--color-base,#202122);font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: {{{align|left}}}; {{{style|}}}" class="table-rh"<noinclude> |} {{documentation}} </noinclude> 9tvz1ksnck15vpg48f3tukltfx01wk7 10 49429 121531 2025-09-15T02:45:10Z en>SirOlgen 0 /* top */ [[WP:LINT|LINT]] "Background color inline style rule exists without a corresponding text color" fix – added missing text color definition to resolve [[Special:LintErrors/night-mode-unaware-background-color| error report]] items 121531 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Data deficient|DD]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 4ug23c7t4cyhbj11b7q0rpcsb3ixude 121532 121531 2026-09-04T22:18:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:IUCN-DD]] 121531 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Data deficient|DD]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 4ug23c7t4cyhbj11b7q0rpcsb3ixude 10 49430 121533 2025-12-25T18:14:16Z en>Ftrebien 0 Same color as {{free}} 121533 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #DFF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Least-concern species|LC]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> sntdnvxfb81ty9bgzmyn64zrvo8aavb 121534 121533 2026-09-04T22:18:03Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:IUCN-LC]] 121533 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #DFF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Least-concern species|LC]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> sntdnvxfb81ty9bgzmyn64zrvo8aavb 10 49431 121535 2025-12-25T18:13:45Z en>Ftrebien 0 Same color as {{unofficial}} 121535 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #8FD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Near threatened|NT]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> hn3v8w7tdp3hpxvx3syqyq7h2avg6ss 121536 121535 2026-09-04T22:18:04Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:IUCN-NT]] 121535 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #8FD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Near threatened|NT]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> hn3v8w7tdp3hpxvx3syqyq7h2avg6ss 10 49432 121537 2025-12-25T18:12:59Z en>Ftrebien 0 Same color as {{exempt}} 121537 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #CF8; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Vulnerable species|VU]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 99nomq0zpm1d7y5xpyp73rfo07bcxpv 121538 121537 2026-09-04T22:18:05Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:IUCN-VU]] 121537 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #CF8; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Vulnerable species|VU]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 99nomq0zpm1d7y5xpyp73rfo07bcxpv 10 49433 121539 2025-12-25T17:48:58Z en>Ftrebien 0 Same color as {{rarely}} 121539 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #FE7; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Endangered species|EN]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 0jstcorlsjp7z4nrcr8p8mzypwp4rew 121540 121539 2026-09-04T22:18:06Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:IUCN-EN]] 121539 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #FE7; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Endangered species|EN]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 0jstcorlsjp7z4nrcr8p8mzypwp4rew 10 49434 121541 2025-12-25T17:35:38Z en>Ftrebien 0 Same shade of red as {{[[Template:No|no]]}} to fulfil [[MOS:COLORS]] 121541 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #FFC7C7; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Critically endangered species|CR]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 5oomzsvvyvcmxgckmfjypqfpp786s84 121542 121541 2026-09-04T22:18:07Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:IUCN-CR]] 121541 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #FFC7C7; color: black; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Critically endangered species|CR]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> 5oomzsvvyvcmxgckmfjypqfpp786s84 10 49435 121543 2025-12-25T17:41:36Z en>Ftrebien 0 Set to the darkest acceptable shade of gray following [[MOS:COLORS]] 121543 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #D1D1D1; color: red; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Extinct species|EX]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> t4q4kqt5xa4tks7h01dh24joj04uwwp 121544 121543 2026-09-04T22:18:08Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:IUCN-EX]] 121543 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{| class="wikitable" |- |</noinclude>{{#if:|data-sort-value="<nowiki>{{{sort|</nowiki>{{{sort}}}<nowiki>}}}</nowiki>"}} style="background: #D1D1D1; color: red; vertical-align: middle; <nowiki>{{{style|text-transform: capitalize;}}}</nowiki>" class="IUCN table-IUCN" align=center| {{{1|[[Extinct species|EX]]}}}<noinclude> |} {{Documentation|Template:Table cell templates/doc}} </noinclude> t4q4kqt5xa4tks7h01dh24joj04uwwp 10 49436 121553 2024-10-15T18:19:46Z en>JJMC89 bot III 0 Moving [[:Category:Wikipedia utility templates]] to [[:Category:Wikipedia formatting templates]] per [[Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2024 August 19#Category:Wikipedia utility templates]] 121553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!----PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE----> This is the {{tl|Wikipedia templates}} navigation box. It is suitable for [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluding]] at the bottoms of [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|template documentation]] and [[Wikipedia:Templates|templates guidelines]]. This [[Wikipedia:Templates|template]] is a [[Wikipedia:Self-references to avoid|self-reference]] and so is part of the Wikipedia project rather than the encyclopaedic content. == Usage == <nowiki>{{Wikipedia templates}}</nowiki> <!--The following inserts an explanation of the collapsible option. Note that it does show the right pagename once shown in the green /doc box on the template page:--> {{Collapsible option |statename=optional}} == See also == * {{tl|Wikipedia templates sidebar}}, a similar sidebar template. * {{tl|Quicktemplates}}, a table of templates. * {{tl|Wikipedia editor navigation}}, an amalgamation of navboxes that includes this navbox. {{Wikipedia editor navigation templates}} {{Inline cleanup tags}} {{Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--------CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE:---------> [[Category:Wikipedia maintenance navigational templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia formatting templates| ]] [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Navigational boxes with lists of templates]] }}</includeonly> 21bpp0nlt0muuxhudcs6009cb31sbhp 121554 121553 2026-09-04T22:18:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Wikipedia_templates/doc]] 121553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!----PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE----> This is the {{tl|Wikipedia templates}} navigation box. It is suitable for [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluding]] at the bottoms of [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|template documentation]] and [[Wikipedia:Templates|templates guidelines]]. This [[Wikipedia:Templates|template]] is a [[Wikipedia:Self-references to avoid|self-reference]] and so is part of the Wikipedia project rather than the encyclopaedic content. == Usage == <nowiki>{{Wikipedia templates}}</nowiki> <!--The following inserts an explanation of the collapsible option. Note that it does show the right pagename once shown in the green /doc box on the template page:--> {{Collapsible option |statename=optional}} == See also == * {{tl|Wikipedia templates sidebar}}, a similar sidebar template. * {{tl|Quicktemplates}}, a table of templates. * {{tl|Wikipedia editor navigation}}, an amalgamation of navboxes that includes this navbox. {{Wikipedia editor navigation templates}} {{Inline cleanup tags}} {{Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!--------CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE:---------> [[Category:Wikipedia maintenance navigational templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia formatting templates| ]] [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Navigational boxes with lists of templates]] }}</includeonly> 21bpp0nlt0muuxhudcs6009cb31sbhp 10 49437 121563 2026-04-13T20:39:17Z en>Jonesey95 0 Reverted 1 edit by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-22572-99|~2026-22572-99]] ([[User talk:~2026-22572-99|talk]]) to last revision by AirshipJungleman29 121563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{tsh|ict}} <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --> == Usage == The {{tlx|Inline cleanup tags}} template is a convenience navbox for use on the documentation pages for various inline templates, linking to the others. {{clear}} {{Collapsible option}} ==TemplateData== {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "params": { "state": { "aliases": [ "MA" ] } } } </templatedata> ==See also== *{{tl|Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates}} *{{tl|Copyright issue templates}} *{{tl|Tools}} *[[Wikipedia:Hatnote]] *[[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Inline templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia maintenance navigational templates]] [[Category: Navigational boxes with lists of templates]] }}</includeonly> 1va8uaxms04ljgx620rnzsmf95kizag 121564 121563 2026-09-04T22:20:14Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Inline_cleanup_tags/doc]] 121563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{tsh|ict}} <!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --> == Usage == The {{tlx|Inline cleanup tags}} template is a convenience navbox for use on the documentation pages for various inline templates, linking to the others. {{clear}} {{Collapsible option}} ==TemplateData== {{TemplateData header}} <templatedata> { "params": { "state": { "aliases": [ "MA" ] } } } </templatedata> ==See also== *{{tl|Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates}} *{{tl|Copyright issue templates}} *{{tl|Tools}} *[[Wikipedia:Hatnote]] *[[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup]] <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Documentation see also templates]] [[Category:Inline templates]] [[Category:Wikipedia maintenance navigational templates]] [[Category: Navigational boxes with lists of templates]] }}</includeonly> 1va8uaxms04ljgx620rnzsmf95kizag 10 49438 121585 2026-08-09T03:43:51Z en>Izno 0 nowrap only above mobile sizes 121585 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp|small=yes}} * See [[Template:Math#Notes]] for why this is named .texhtml */ .texhtml { font-family: "Nimbus Roman No9 L", "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 118%; line-height: 1; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums; font-kerning: none; } .texhtml .texhtml { font-size: 100%; } .texhtml-big { font-size: 165%; } .mvar { font-style: italic; } @media (min-width: 640px) { span.texhtml { white-space: nowrap; } } lkc1lau9g8t2n8x8lawgcs3g9bmw898 121586 121585 2026-09-04T22:21:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Math/styles.css]] 121585 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp|small=yes}} * See [[Template:Math#Notes]] for why this is named .texhtml */ .texhtml { font-family: "Nimbus Roman No9 L", "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 118%; line-height: 1; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums; font-kerning: none; } .texhtml .texhtml { font-size: 100%; } .texhtml-big { font-size: 165%; } .mvar { font-style: italic; } @media (min-width: 640px) { span.texhtml { white-space: nowrap; } } lkc1lau9g8t2n8x8lawgcs3g9bmw898 10 49439 121587 2026-08-09T17:06:09Z en>Izno 0 /* */ uses templatestyles 121587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories and interwikis go at the bottom of this page. --> {{high-use}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Math/styles.css}} The '''mvar''' template makes the argument italic and formats as [[Help:mathematics|mathematics]]. It is used to refer to individual variables in normal running text. It should not be used within a {{tl|math}} template. == Usage == For example: {{demo-inline|<nowiki>Let {{mvar|x}} be the maximum value used.</nowiki>}} Note that digits in a variable name are conventionally not italic so {{tl|math}} should be used instead in for example {{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{math|''x''₁}}</nowiki>|sep=to produce}}. Functions and variables made up of multiple letters are conventionally set in upright letters so {{tl|math}} should be used in that case too; for example {{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{math|cos}}</nowiki>|sep=to produce}}. ==TemplateData== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "variable", "type": "line", "required": true } }, "description": "Marks text as a variable and formats it as math", "format": "inline" } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|var}}, for non-mathematical variables * {{tl|math}}, which formats its argument as mathematics * {{tl|bigmath}}, the same as {{tl|math}} but makes it bigger * {{tl|tmath}}, which wraps a [[TeX|TeX]] math expression in <code><nowiki><math></nowiki></code> tags {{Math templates|notation}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories and interwikis go here: --> [[Category:Mathematical formatting templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] }}</includeonly> sx8xhvvjfob0zj6cpczpg4anms3qlxo 121588 121587 2026-09-04T22:21:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Mvar/doc]] 121587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} <!-- Categories and interwikis go at the bottom of this page. --> {{high-use}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Math/styles.css}} The '''mvar''' template makes the argument italic and formats as [[Help:mathematics|mathematics]]. It is used to refer to individual variables in normal running text. It should not be used within a {{tl|math}} template. == Usage == For example: {{demo-inline|<nowiki>Let {{mvar|x}} be the maximum value used.</nowiki>}} Note that digits in a variable name are conventionally not italic so {{tl|math}} should be used instead in for example {{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{math|''x''₁}}</nowiki>|sep=to produce}}. Functions and variables made up of multiple letters are conventionally set in upright letters so {{tl|math}} should be used in that case too; for example {{demo-inline|<nowiki>{{math|cos}}</nowiki>|sep=to produce}}. ==TemplateData== {{TemplateDataHeader}} <templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "label": "variable", "type": "line", "required": true } }, "description": "Marks text as a variable and formats it as math", "format": "inline" } </templatedata> == See also == * {{tl|var}}, for non-mathematical variables * {{tl|math}}, which formats its argument as mathematics * {{tl|bigmath}}, the same as {{tl|math}} but makes it bigger * {{tl|tmath}}, which wraps a [[TeX|TeX]] math expression in <code><nowiki><math></nowiki></code> tags {{Math templates|notation}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories and interwikis go here: --> [[Category:Mathematical formatting templates]] [[Category:Semantic markup templates]] }}</includeonly> sx8xhvvjfob0zj6cpczpg4anms3qlxo 10 49440 121591 2025-01-20T16:40:33Z en>Sdkb 0 /* Usage */ fix bug 121591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Hatnote|This template is a non-clickable button. For a clickable button, see [[Template:Clickable button]].}} {{High-use}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[</nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]<nowiki>]]) --> This template provides a "clickable button" formatting style for text. '''This button is ''not'' clickable''', and care should be taken when using it to avoid readers thinking the result may be. (It has an explanatory [[tooltip]] for users hovering over it, but that may not always be displayed, or only displayed after too long a delay, so that it may not show up to people trying to click it.) If you need a clickable button, use {{tl|Clickable button}}. == Usage == * {{tlx|1=Button|2=text=button&nbsp;text}} produces {{Button|text=button text}} * {{tlx|1=Button|2=text=button&nbsp;text|3=format=bold}} produces {{Button|text=button text|format=bold}} * {{tlx|1=Button|2=<nowiki>[[File:WikEd close.png]]</nowiki>|3=padTB=.1em|4=padLR=.1em}} produces {{Button|[[File:WikEd close.png]]|padTB=.1em|padLR=.1em}} * {{tlx|1=Button|2=text=button&nbsp;text|3=bgcolor1=#EEF|4=bgcolor2=#BBE}} produces {{Button|text=button text|bgcolor1=#EEF|bgcolor2=#BBE}} * <code><nowiki>[[target title|</nowiki></code>{{tlx|1=Button|2=linked text}}<code><nowiki>]]</nowiki></code> produces [[target title|{{Button|linked text}}]], and <code><nowiki>[https://en.wikipedia.org </nowiki></code>{{tlx|1=Button|2=linked text}}<code><nowiki>]</nowiki></code> for [https://en.wikipedia.org {{Button|linked text}}]. {{tl|clickable button}} is more suitable for that purpose though. Alternatively, {{tlx|1=Button|2=button&nbsp;text}} also produces {{Button|button text}} == See also == * {{tlx|Key press}} – used to illustrate keystrokes, including key combinations (e.g. {{key press|Ctrl|x}}) * {{tlx|Key top}} – produces a similar visual effect, but includes more symbols and does not directly support key combos (e.g. {{key top|Caps Lock}}) * {{tlx|Kbd}} – to indicate user input (of any kind) without making it look like keys or buttons {{Button templates}} {{semantic markup templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Wikipedia button templates]] }}</includeonly> 500zc449ozf0klcdwueosq1h3hnpge8 121592 121591 2026-09-04T22:22:05Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 1 revision imported from [[:en:Template:Button/doc]] 121591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} {{Hatnote|This template is a non-clickable button. For a clickable button, see [[Template:Clickable button]].}} {{High-use}} <!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[</nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]<nowiki>]]) --> This template provides a "clickable button" formatting style for text. '''This button is ''not'' clickable''', and care should be taken when using it to avoid readers thinking the result may be. (It has an explanatory [[tooltip]] for users hovering over it, but that may not always be displayed, or only displayed after too long a delay, so that it may not show up to people trying to click it.) If you need a clickable button, use {{tl|Clickable button}}. == Usage == * {{tlx|1=Button|2=text=button&nbsp;text}} produces {{Button|text=button text}} * {{tlx|1=Button|2=text=button&nbsp;text|3=format=bold}} produces {{Button|text=button text|format=bold}} * {{tlx|1=Button|2=<nowiki>[[File:WikEd close.png]]</nowiki>|3=padTB=.1em|4=padLR=.1em}} produces {{Button|[[File:WikEd close.png]]|padTB=.1em|padLR=.1em}} * {{tlx|1=Button|2=text=button&nbsp;text|3=bgcolor1=#EEF|4=bgcolor2=#BBE}} produces {{Button|text=button text|bgcolor1=#EEF|bgcolor2=#BBE}} * <code><nowiki>[[target title|</nowiki></code>{{tlx|1=Button|2=linked text}}<code><nowiki>]]</nowiki></code> produces [[target title|{{Button|linked text}}]], and <code><nowiki>[https://en.wikipedia.org </nowiki></code>{{tlx|1=Button|2=linked text}}<code><nowiki>]</nowiki></code> for [https://en.wikipedia.org {{Button|linked text}}]. {{tl|clickable button}} is more suitable for that purpose though. Alternatively, {{tlx|1=Button|2=button&nbsp;text}} also produces {{Button|button text}} == See also == * {{tlx|Key press}} – used to illustrate keystrokes, including key combinations (e.g. {{key press|Ctrl|x}}) * {{tlx|Key top}} – produces a similar visual effect, but includes more symbols and does not directly support key combos (e.g. {{key top|Caps Lock}}) * {{tlx|Kbd}} – to indicate user input (of any kind) without making it look like keys or buttons {{Button templates}} {{semantic markup templates}} <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Wikipedia button templates]] }}</includeonly> 500zc449ozf0klcdwueosq1h3hnpge8 1 49441 121597 2026-09-05T00:45:02Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49442 121598 2026-09-05T00:45:25Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49443 121599 2026-09-05T00:45:41Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 121606 121599 2026-09-05T00:47:52Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Chitswana]] to [[Talk:ChiTswana]] 121599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49444 121600 2026-09-05T00:46:01Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49445 121601 2026-09-05T00:46:17Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49446 121602 2026-09-05T00:46:34Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 121610 121602 2026-09-05T00:48:11Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Chivenda]] to [[Talk:ChiVenda]] 121602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 0 49447 121603 2026-09-05T00:47:11Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Redirected page to [[ChiNdeŵele]] 121603 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ChiNdeŵele]] cex1r0nzp0brjd8dzj3v4lftsmrtmyq 0 49448 121605 2026-09-05T00:47:52Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chitswana]] to [[ChiTswana]] 121605 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ChiTswana]] t4boq1ycvwsfpdwmmorm2yqecryjrz9 1 49449 121607 2026-09-05T00:47:52Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Chitswana]] to [[Talk:ChiTswana]] 121607 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Talk:ChiTswana]] jaldcdvxpt2j63ban079miiqa0jiwqq 0 49450 121609 2026-09-05T00:48:11Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chivenda]] to [[ChiVenda]] 121609 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ChiVenda]] dsjdqg07bc1afnig5atbm149wio15k7 1 49451 121611 2026-09-05T00:48:11Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Chivenda]] to [[Talk:ChiVenda]] 121611 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Talk:ChiVenda]] ouexjinbirpv5u5fe4r4ds4ubdsluoy 0 49452 121613 2026-09-05T00:48:32Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chipeli]] to [[ChiPeli]] 121613 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ChiPeli]] 4kld4r66nydshroj69ev2xu4tijtv4r 1 49453 121615 2026-09-05T00:48:32Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Chipeli]] to [[Talk:ChiPeli]] 121615 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Talk:ChiPeli]] e3r43bowi2q8fv0krewuf02r8xvu41a 0 49454 121616 2026-09-05T00:55:54Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Afrikaans based on the article [[Chipedi]] 121616 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:South Africa 2011 Afrikaans speakers proportion map.svg|thumb|ChiAfrikaans mu South Africa ([[2011]]): {{columns |col1= {{legend|#EDF8E9|0–20%}} {{legend|#BAE4B3|20–40%}} {{legend|#74C476|40–60%}} |col2= {{legend|#31A354|60–80%}} {{legend|#006D2C|80–100%}}}}]] '''ChiAfrikaans''' (Mu ChiAfrikaans: {{lang|af|Afrikaans}}) ntchiyowoyelo cha [[South Africa]]. ChiAfrikaans ntchmoza mwa viyowoyelo 11 vya boma mu charu cha South Africa. == ChiAfrikaans mu South Africa na viyowoyelo vinyake == Mu chaka cha 2011 chiŵelengelo cha viyowoyelo chikaŵa ntheula: {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align: left" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Chiyowoyelo ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |Ŵanthu ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right" |% |- |[[Chizulu]] | align="right" |11 587 375 | align="right" |21.1% |- |[[ChiXhosa]] | align="right" |8 154 259 | align="right" |14.8% |- |[[ChiAfrikaans]] | align="right" |6 855 082 | align="right" |12.5% |- |[[ChiZungu]] | align="right" |4 892 624 | align="right" |8.9% |- |[[Chipeli]] | align="right" |4 618 575 | align="right" |8.4% |- |[[Chitswana]] | align="right" |4 067 247 | align="right" |8.2% |- |[[Chisuthu]] | align="right" |3 849 563 | align="right" |7.0% |- |[[Chitsonga]] | align="right" |2 277 148 | align="right" |4.1% |- |[[Chiswati]] | align="right" |1 297 044 | align="right" |2.4% |- |[[Chivenda]] | align="right" |1 209 388 | align="right" |2.2% |- |[[Chindeŵele]] | align="right" |1 090 223 | align="right" |1.98% |- |[[South African Sign Language|Sign Language]] | align="right" |234 655 | align="right" |0.43% |- |Ŵakuyowoya na maoko | align="right" |809 117 | align="right" |1.47% |- |'''Wose pamoza''' | align="right" |'''45 026 681''' | align="right" |'''100.0%''' |} {{Viyowoyelo vya mu South Africa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Afrikaans}} [[Category:Viyowoyelo]] [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Viyowoyelo vya South Afilika]] 367c063o4wzpll8pwdi038ue16e1z12 1 49455 121617 2026-09-05T00:56:09Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 0 49456 121619 2026-09-05T00:57:31Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Chipedi]] to [[ChiPedi]] 121619 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ChiPedi]] 1rwkimvdvr0g0bs8iya4yh291l6rmuy 121621 121619 2026-09-05T00:59:16Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Changed redirect target from [[ChiPedi]] to [[ChiPeli]] 121621 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ChiPeli]] 4kld4r66nydshroj69ev2xu4tijtv4r 1 49457 121627 2026-09-05T02:53:12Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49458 121628 2026-09-05T02:53:43Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49459 121629 2026-09-05T02:54:12Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49460 121630 2026-09-05T02:54:36Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49461 121631 2026-09-05T02:54:57Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49462 121632 2026-09-05T02:55:21Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49463 121633 2026-09-05T02:55:44Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49464 121634 2026-09-05T02:56:03Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49465 121635 2026-09-05T02:56:24Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49466 121636 2026-09-05T02:56:50Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49467 121637 2026-09-05T02:57:07Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49468 121638 2026-09-05T02:57:44Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49469 121639 2026-09-05T02:58:08Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49470 121640 2026-09-05T02:58:43Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49471 121641 2026-09-05T02:59:06Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 0 49472 121642 2026-09-05T04:10:27Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{Databox}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni muzi mu [[chigaŵa cha Wakiso]] mu charu cha {{#invoke:wd|property|linked|references|P17}}.<ref>https://geonames.org</ref><ref>http://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1332618/municipalities-created</ref><ref>http://www.ntv.co.ug/news/local/12/aug/2015/what-implication-approving-11-new-municipalities-8060#sthash.mgQBeLOL.dpbs</ref> ==Ukaboni== {{reflist}} [[Category:Uganda]]" 121642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni muzi mu [[chigaŵa cha Wakiso]] mu charu cha {{#invoke:wd|property|linked|references|P17}}.<ref>https://geonames.org</ref><ref>http://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1332618/municipalities-created</ref><ref>http://www.ntv.co.ug/news/local/12/aug/2015/what-implication-approving-11-new-municipalities-8060#sthash.mgQBeLOL.dpbs</ref> ==Ukaboni== {{reflist}} [[Category:Uganda]] eoyf6ogx3cc2mtod5vfzgukcrp34s2d 1 49473 121643 2026-09-05T04:20:03Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 0 49474 121644 2026-09-05T05:57:26Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{Databox}} '''Nusantara '''ni msumba uwo ukuzengeka ndipo para ŵamara, ŵakughanaghana kuti uŵe msumba ukuru wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241209122138-4-594426/prabowo-cabut-status-dki-dari-jakarta-berlaku-mulai-ini-ditetapkan</ref> Iwo ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya ku [[East Kalimantan]] vya [[Penajam North Paser]] (apa ndipo ŵakuzenga Chigaŵa Chikuru cha Boma) na Kutai Kartanegara ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa chirwa cha Borne..." 121644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nusantara '''ni msumba uwo ukuzengeka ndipo para ŵamara, ŵakughanaghana kuti uŵe msumba ukuru wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241209122138-4-594426/prabowo-cabut-status-dki-dari-jakarta-berlaku-mulai-ini-ditetapkan</ref> Iwo ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya ku [[East Kalimantan]] vya [[Penajam North Paser]] (apa ndipo ŵakuzenga Chigaŵa Chikuru cha Boma) na Kutai Kartanegara ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa chirwa cha [[Borneo]].<ref>{{cite act|url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf|title=Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 tentang Ibu Kota Negara|type=Law|index=3|year=2022|article=1 and 2|article-type=Article}} {{Cite web |url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 February 2022 |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220112101/https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="VOI.id">{{cite news |url= https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |title= Nusantara Becomes The Name Of The New Capital City, This Is What It Means |work=VOI.id |date= 17 January 2022 |access-date= 17 January 2022 |archive-date= 19 January 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173043/https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|title=Nusantara Is the Name of Indonesia's New Capital|work=TheIndonesia.id|date=17 January 2022|access-date=2022-01-17|first=Diana|last=Mariska|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173125/https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara wakunozga kuti waŵe msumba wake ukuru wa charu (ChiIndonesia: ''daerah khusus ibu kota negara'') pa msinkhu wa chigaŵa, kunjilirapo pa [[Jakarta]] kuti ŵaponoske msumba uwu ku ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene na kumira kwa charu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |title=Menyambut Provinsi Baru di Ibu Kota Baru|website=GoodNews from Indonesia|date=19 December 2019|access-date=5 January 2022 |language=id |first=Akhyari |last=Hananto |archive-date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105141022/https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara ili pafupi na msumba wa [[Balikpapan]] uwo uli pa doko, uwo ukugwira ntchito nga ni chipata chikuru cha msumba ukuru uphya. Pamanyuma pakuti msumba uwu wasinthika chifukwa cha muliri wa [[COVID-19]] ku Indonesia, ŵakamba kuzenga msumba uwu mu 2022, ŵakamba kuwuskapo malo na kupanga misewu yakunjilirapo. Ŵanthu ŵakuti ntchito iyi yizamudura Rp 523 triliyoni (US$35 biliyoni) ndipo yizamuzengeka mu vigaŵa vinkhondi ivyo vizamumara m'paka mu 2045, kuti yikolerane na chikumbusko cha vyaka 100 vya Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://penajamkab.go.id/?p=4412 | title=Pembangunan Infrastruktur IKN Berjalan Sesuai Tahapan | date=9 February 2023 | website=Website Pemerintah Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara | language=id }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indonesia's new capital Nusantara attracts increased investor interest |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Business-trends/Indonesia-s-new-capital-Nusantara-attracts-increased-investor-interest |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Nikkei Asia |language=en-GB}}</ref> Phase 1, icho chikuchemeka kuti "Malo Ghakuru gha Boma", chikamba mu Ogasiti 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://medium.datadriveninvestor.com/nusantara-the-35-billion-new-capital-of-indonesia-afe4f7e686b7 | title=Nusantara, the $35 billion new capital of Indonesia | first=Anthony | last=Tan | date=3 March 2023 | work=DataDrivenInvestor }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.jawapos.com/ibu-kota-baru/01404873/pembangunan-ikn-nusantara-tahap-1-dimulai-nilainya-rp-53-triliun | title=Pembangunan IKN Nusantara Tahap 1 Dimulai, Nilainya Rp 5,3 Triliun | first=Estu | last=Suryowati | date=30 August 2022 | work=Jawa Pos | language=id }}</ref> Pafupifupi ŵantchito 150,000 mpaka 200,000 kufuma ku vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga vya Indonesia ŵakachitako ntchito iyi pamoza na ŵantchito ŵanyake ŵakusazgikira kuzungulira chigaŵa cha Nusantara kuti ŵawoneseske kuti ŵantchito ŵa ku malo agha nawo ŵakuchitako.<ref name="Hantoro">{{Cite web |last=Hantoro |first=Juli |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Perintahkan Pembangunan IKN Libatkan Masyarakat Lokal |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598077/jokowi-perintahkan-pembangunan-ikn-libatkan-masyarakat-lokal/full&view=ok |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id}}</ref><ref name="Pebrianto">{{Cite web |last=Pebrianto |first=Fajar |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Kumpulkan Menteri, Pengerjaan IKN Dimulai Paruh Kedua 2022 |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id |archive-date=3 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603134729/https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 }}</ref><ref name="kaltim.suara.com">{{Cite web |last1=Iswinarno |first1=Chandra |last2=Nirmala Sari |first2=Ria Rizki |date=3 June 2022 |title=Pembangunan Awal IKN Nusantara akan Pekerjakan 200 Ribu Pekerja, Libatkan Warga Sekitar? Ini Kata Kepala Otorita |url=https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=suara.com |language=id |archive-date=10 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610205453/https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |url-status=live }}</ref> Paumaliro wa ulamuliro wa [[Joko Widodo]], nyumba zinandi zikaŵa kuti zamara nga ni State Palace, maofesi gha ministry, nyumba zakukhalamo, vikumbusko na mapaki, ndiposo mapulojekiti agho ghali kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma nga ni mahotela, vipatala, na malo ghakusambizgirako PSSI. Pa 17 Ogasiti 2024, Indonesia yikakondwelera zuŵa la wanangwa wake kwa nyengo yakwamba ku Nusantara. Nusantara wakopa ŵalendo, ndipo zuŵa lililose ŵalendo ŵakukwana 3,000 na 5,000 ŵakulutako.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/4476441/otorita-sebut-ikn-terima-kunjungan-wisatawan-hingga-5000-per-hari | title=Otorita sebut IKN terima kunjungan wisatawan hingga 5.000 per hari | work=ANTARA News | date=19 November 2024 | language=id }}</ref> Ntchito iyi yikalutilira mu nyengo ya pulezidenti wa Prabowo Subianto, uyo wali kupeleka ndalama zakukwana Rp 48.8 triliyoni (US$2.98 biliyoni) ku Phase 2 ndipo wasankha kuŵika Nusantara kuŵa yimoza mwa Ntchito za Nthowa za Charu cha Indonesia za 2025–2029.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/business/2025/01/22/ri-to-earmark-rp-48-trillion-for-ikn-development-for-next-five-years.html | title=RI to earmark Rp 48 trillion for IKN development for next five years | work=The Jakarta Post | date=22 January 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Laksono|first=Muhdany Yusuf|date=3 March 2025|title=Ini Daftar Lengkap 77 Proyek Strategis Nasional 2025-2029|url=https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2025/03/03/143000021/ini-daftar-lengkap-77-proyek-strategis-nasional-2025-2029|access-date=2025-03-03 |website=kompas.com|language=id}}</ref> Ndalama izo zikaŵikika zikapelekeka na mabungwe gha bizinesi, gha mu charu ichi na gha ku vyaru vinyake. Kufuma mu Seputembala 2025, ndalama za paŵekha izo zikuŵikika kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma (zambura APBN) zafika pa Rp 65.3 triliyoni (US$4 biliyoni) kufuma ku ŵamalonda 49 (mapangano gha mgwirizano 52).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asmaaysi|first=Alifian |date=27 September 2025|title=Basuki Ungkap Realisasi Investasi IKN Capai Rp65,3 Triliun hingga September 2025|url=https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20250927/45/1915249/basuki-ungkap-realisasi-investasi-ikn-capai-rp653-triliun-hingga-september-2025|access-date=2025-09-29 |website=bisnis.com|language=id}}</ref> == Ukaboni == <references />{{Authority control}} [[Category:Indonesia]] [[Category:Nusantara]] hcjj23v6yhpywo8sqbwuhfhvdjvmgp2 121646 121644 2026-09-05T06:00:47Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nusantara '''ni msumba uwo ukuzengeka ndipo para ŵamara, ŵakughanaghana kuti uŵe msumba ukuru wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241209122138-4-594426/prabowo-cabut-status-dki-dari-jakarta-berlaku-mulai-ini-ditetapkan</ref> Iwo ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya ku [[East Kalimantan]] vya [[Penajam North Paser]] (apa ndipo ŵakuzenga Chigaŵa Chikuru cha Boma) na Kutai Kartanegara ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa chirwa cha [[Borneo]].<ref>{{cite act|url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf|title=Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 tentang Ibu Kota Negara|type=Law|index=3|year=2022|article=1 and 2|article-type=Article}} {{Cite web |url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 February 2022 |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220112101/https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="VOI.id">{{cite news |url= https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |title= Nusantara Becomes The Name Of The New Capital City, This Is What It Means |work=VOI.id |date= 17 January 2022 |access-date= 17 January 2022 |archive-date= 19 January 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173043/https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|title=Nusantara Is the Name of Indonesia's New Capital|work=TheIndonesia.id|date=17 January 2022|access-date=2022-01-17|first=Diana|last=Mariska|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173125/https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara wakunozga kuti waŵe msumba wake ukuru wa charu (ChiIndonesia: ''daerah khusus ibu kota negara'') pa msinkhu wa chigaŵa, kunjilirapo pa [[Jakarta]] kuti ŵaponoske msumba uwu ku ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene na kumira kwa charu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |title=Menyambut Provinsi Baru di Ibu Kota Baru|website=GoodNews from Indonesia|date=19 December 2019|access-date=5 January 2022 |language=id |first=Akhyari |last=Hananto |archive-date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105141022/https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara ili pafupi na msumba wa [[Balikpapan]] uwo uli pa doko, uwo ukugwira ntchito nga ni chipata chikuru cha msumba ukuru uphya. Pamanyuma pakuti msumba uwu wasinthika chifukwa cha muliri wa [[COVID-19]] ku Indonesia, ŵakamba kuzenga msumba uwu mu 2022, ŵakamba kuwuskapo malo na kupanga misewu yakunjilirapo. Ŵanthu ŵakuti ntchito iyi yizamudura Rp 523 triliyoni (US$35 biliyoni) ndipo yizamuzengeka mu vigaŵa vinkhondi ivyo vizamumara m'paka mu 2045, kuti yikolerane na chikumbusko cha vyaka 100 vya Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://penajamkab.go.id/?p=4412 | title=Pembangunan Infrastruktur IKN Berjalan Sesuai Tahapan | date=9 February 2023 | website=Website Pemerintah Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara | language=id }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indonesia's new capital Nusantara attracts increased investor interest |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Business-trends/Indonesia-s-new-capital-Nusantara-attracts-increased-investor-interest |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Nikkei Asia |language=en-GB}}</ref> Phase 1, icho chikuchemeka kuti "Malo Ghakuru gha Boma", chikamba mu Ogasiti 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://medium.datadriveninvestor.com/nusantara-the-35-billion-new-capital-of-indonesia-afe4f7e686b7 | title=Nusantara, the $35 billion new capital of Indonesia | first=Anthony | last=Tan | date=3 March 2023 | work=DataDrivenInvestor }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.jawapos.com/ibu-kota-baru/01404873/pembangunan-ikn-nusantara-tahap-1-dimulai-nilainya-rp-53-triliun | title=Pembangunan IKN Nusantara Tahap 1 Dimulai, Nilainya Rp 5,3 Triliun | first=Estu | last=Suryowati | date=30 August 2022 | work=Jawa Pos | language=id }}</ref> Pafupifupi ŵantchito 150,000 mpaka 200,000 kufuma ku vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga vya Indonesia ŵakachitako ntchito iyi pamoza na ŵantchito ŵanyake ŵakusazgikira kuzungulira chigaŵa cha Nusantara kuti ŵawoneseske kuti ŵantchito ŵa ku malo agha nawo ŵakuchitako.<ref name="Hantoro">{{Cite web |last=Hantoro |first=Juli |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Perintahkan Pembangunan IKN Libatkan Masyarakat Lokal |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598077/jokowi-perintahkan-pembangunan-ikn-libatkan-masyarakat-lokal/full&view=ok |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id}}</ref><ref name="Pebrianto">{{Cite web |last=Pebrianto |first=Fajar |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Kumpulkan Menteri, Pengerjaan IKN Dimulai Paruh Kedua 2022 |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id |archive-date=3 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603134729/https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 }}</ref><ref name="kaltim.suara.com">{{Cite web |last1=Iswinarno |first1=Chandra |last2=Nirmala Sari |first2=Ria Rizki |date=3 June 2022 |title=Pembangunan Awal IKN Nusantara akan Pekerjakan 200 Ribu Pekerja, Libatkan Warga Sekitar? Ini Kata Kepala Otorita |url=https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=suara.com |language=id |archive-date=10 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610205453/https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |url-status=live }}</ref> Paumaliro wa ulamuliro wa [[Joko Widodo]], nyumba zinandi zikaŵa kuti zamara nga ni State Palace, maofesi gha ministry, nyumba zakukhalamo, vikumbusko na mapaki, ndiposo mapulojekiti agho ghali kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma nga ni mahotela, vipatala, na malo ghakusambizgirako PSSI. Pa 17 Ogasiti 2024, Indonesia yikakondwelera zuŵa la wanangwa wake kwa nyengo yakwamba ku Nusantara. Nusantara wakopa ŵalendo, ndipo zuŵa lililose ŵalendo ŵakukwana 3,000 na 5,000 ŵakulutako.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/4476441/otorita-sebut-ikn-terima-kunjungan-wisatawan-hingga-5000-per-hari | title=Otorita sebut IKN terima kunjungan wisatawan hingga 5.000 per hari | work=ANTARA News | date=19 November 2024 | language=id }}</ref> Ntchito iyi yikalutilira mu nyengo ya pulezidenti wa Prabowo Subianto, uyo wali kupeleka ndalama zakukwana Rp 48.8 triliyoni (US$2.98 biliyoni) ku Phase 2 ndipo wasankha kuŵika Nusantara kuŵa yimoza mwa Ntchito za Nthowa za Charu cha Indonesia za 2025–2029.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/business/2025/01/22/ri-to-earmark-rp-48-trillion-for-ikn-development-for-next-five-years.html | title=RI to earmark Rp 48 trillion for IKN development for next five years | work=The Jakarta Post | date=22 January 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Laksono|first=Muhdany Yusuf|date=3 March 2025|title=Ini Daftar Lengkap 77 Proyek Strategis Nasional 2025-2029|url=https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2025/03/03/143000021/ini-daftar-lengkap-77-proyek-strategis-nasional-2025-2029|access-date=2025-03-03 |website=kompas.com|language=id}}</ref> Ndalama izo zikaŵikika zikapelekeka na mabungwe gha bizinesi, gha mu charu ichi na gha ku vyaru vinyake. Kufuma mu Seputembala 2025, ndalama za paŵekha izo zikuŵikika kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma (zambura APBN) zafika pa Rp 65.3 triliyoni (US$4 biliyoni) kufuma ku ŵamalonda 49 (mapangano gha mgwirizano 52).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asmaaysi|first=Alifian |date=27 September 2025|title=Basuki Ungkap Realisasi Investasi IKN Capai Rp65,3 Triliun hingga September 2025|url=https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20250927/45/1915249/basuki-ungkap-realisasi-investasi-ikn-capai-rp653-triliun-hingga-september-2025|access-date=2025-09-29 |website=bisnis.com|language=id}}</ref> ===Nyengo=== Nusantara ili na nyengo ya vula yakuzizima ([[Köppen]]: ''Af'') chifukwa palije nyengo yeneco ya vula. Msumba uwu ukuwona vula yakukwana milimita 3,229 (mainchi 127.1) pa chaka. {{Weather box |location = Nusantara (1991–2021 temperature, precipitation/rainfall, humidity, rainy days; 1999–2019 sunshine hours) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 29.1 |Feb high C = 29.4 |Mar high C = 29.5 |Apr high C = 29.4 |May high C = 29.2 |Jun high C = 28.8 |Jul high C = 28.5 |Aug high C = 29 |Sep high C = 29.6 |Oct high C = 29.9 |Nov high C = 29.5 |Dec high C = 29.3 | year high C = |Jan mean C = 25.2 |Feb mean C = 25.3 |Mar mean C = 25.4 |Apr mean C = 25.5 |May mean C = 25.6 |Jun mean C = 25.3 |Jul mean C = 25.1 |Aug mean C = 25.3 |Sep mean C = 25.7 |Oct mean C = 25.8 |Nov mean C = 25.5 |Dec mean C = 25.4 | year mean C = |Jan low C = 22.9 |Feb low C = 22.9 |Mar low C = 23 |Apr low C = 23.2 |May low C = 23.3 |Jun low C = 23.1 |Jul low C = 22.8 |Aug low C = 22.8 |Sep low C = 22.9 |Oct low C = 23.1 |Nov low C = 23.1 |Dec low C = 23.1 | year low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 331 |Feb precipitation mm = 296 |Mar precipitation mm = 352 |Apr precipitation mm = 359 |May precipitation mm = 277 |Jun precipitation mm = 223 |Jul precipitation mm = 186 |Aug precipitation mm = 149 |Sep precipitation mm = 158 |Oct precipitation mm = 226 |Nov precipitation mm = 315 |Dec precipitation mm = 357 |year precipitation mm = | Jan precipitation days = 20 | Feb precipitation days = 18 | Mar precipitation days = 20 | Apr precipitation days = 20 | May precipitation days = 21 | Jun precipitation days = 19 | Jul precipitation days = 18 | Aug precipitation days = 15 | Sep precipitation days = 15 | Oct precipitation days = 18 | Nov precipitation days = 20 | Dec precipitation days = 21 | year precipitation days = |Jan humidity = 90 |Feb humidity = 89 |Mar humidity = 90 |Apr humidity = 91 |May humidity = 91 |Jun humidity = 90 |Jul humidity = 89 |Aug humidity = 86 |Sep humidity = 86 |Oct humidity = 87 |Nov humidity = 90 |Dec humidity = 90 |Jand sun = 7.6 |Febd sun = 7.6 |Mard sun = 7.4 |Aprd sun = 7.3 |Mayd sun = 7.2 |Jund sun = 7.2 |Juld sun = 7.2 |Augd sun = 7.4 |Sepd sun = 7.7 |Octd sun = 7.7 |Novd sun = 7.5 |Decd sun = 7.7 | year light= |source = Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/indonesia/east-kalimantan/sepaku-590171 |title= Sepaku climate: Weather Sepaku & temperature by month |publisher=Cilmate Data}}</ref> }} == Ukaboni == <references />{{Authority control}} [[Category:Indonesia]] [[Category:Nusantara]] exac9iut6cceu88wmghdctfb5u8s0ii 121647 121646 2026-09-05T06:01:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 /* Nyengo */ 121647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nusantara '''ni msumba uwo ukuzengeka ndipo para ŵamara, ŵakughanaghana kuti uŵe msumba ukuru wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241209122138-4-594426/prabowo-cabut-status-dki-dari-jakarta-berlaku-mulai-ini-ditetapkan</ref> Iwo ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya ku [[East Kalimantan]] vya [[Penajam North Paser]] (apa ndipo ŵakuzenga Chigaŵa Chikuru cha Boma) na Kutai Kartanegara ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa chirwa cha [[Borneo]].<ref>{{cite act|url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf|title=Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 tentang Ibu Kota Negara|type=Law|index=3|year=2022|article=1 and 2|article-type=Article}} {{Cite web |url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 February 2022 |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220112101/https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="VOI.id">{{cite news |url= https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |title= Nusantara Becomes The Name Of The New Capital City, This Is What It Means |work=VOI.id |date= 17 January 2022 |access-date= 17 January 2022 |archive-date= 19 January 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173043/https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|title=Nusantara Is the Name of Indonesia's New Capital|work=TheIndonesia.id|date=17 January 2022|access-date=2022-01-17|first=Diana|last=Mariska|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173125/https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara wakunozga kuti waŵe msumba wake ukuru wa charu (ChiIndonesia: ''daerah khusus ibu kota negara'') pa msinkhu wa chigaŵa, kunjilirapo pa [[Jakarta]] kuti ŵaponoske msumba uwu ku ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene na kumira kwa charu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |title=Menyambut Provinsi Baru di Ibu Kota Baru|website=GoodNews from Indonesia|date=19 December 2019|access-date=5 January 2022 |language=id |first=Akhyari |last=Hananto |archive-date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105141022/https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara ili pafupi na msumba wa [[Balikpapan]] uwo uli pa doko, uwo ukugwira ntchito nga ni chipata chikuru cha msumba ukuru uphya. Pamanyuma pakuti msumba uwu wasinthika chifukwa cha muliri wa [[COVID-19]] ku Indonesia, ŵakamba kuzenga msumba uwu mu 2022, ŵakamba kuwuskapo malo na kupanga misewu yakunjilirapo. Ŵanthu ŵakuti ntchito iyi yizamudura Rp 523 triliyoni (US$35 biliyoni) ndipo yizamuzengeka mu vigaŵa vinkhondi ivyo vizamumara m'paka mu 2045, kuti yikolerane na chikumbusko cha vyaka 100 vya Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://penajamkab.go.id/?p=4412 | title=Pembangunan Infrastruktur IKN Berjalan Sesuai Tahapan | date=9 February 2023 | website=Website Pemerintah Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara | language=id }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indonesia's new capital Nusantara attracts increased investor interest |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Business-trends/Indonesia-s-new-capital-Nusantara-attracts-increased-investor-interest |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Nikkei Asia |language=en-GB}}</ref> Phase 1, icho chikuchemeka kuti "Malo Ghakuru gha Boma", chikamba mu Ogasiti 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://medium.datadriveninvestor.com/nusantara-the-35-billion-new-capital-of-indonesia-afe4f7e686b7 | title=Nusantara, the $35 billion new capital of Indonesia | first=Anthony | last=Tan | date=3 March 2023 | work=DataDrivenInvestor }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.jawapos.com/ibu-kota-baru/01404873/pembangunan-ikn-nusantara-tahap-1-dimulai-nilainya-rp-53-triliun | title=Pembangunan IKN Nusantara Tahap 1 Dimulai, Nilainya Rp 5,3 Triliun | first=Estu | last=Suryowati | date=30 August 2022 | work=Jawa Pos | language=id }}</ref> Pafupifupi ŵantchito 150,000 mpaka 200,000 kufuma ku vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga vya Indonesia ŵakachitako ntchito iyi pamoza na ŵantchito ŵanyake ŵakusazgikira kuzungulira chigaŵa cha Nusantara kuti ŵawoneseske kuti ŵantchito ŵa ku malo agha nawo ŵakuchitako.<ref name="Hantoro">{{Cite web |last=Hantoro |first=Juli |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Perintahkan Pembangunan IKN Libatkan Masyarakat Lokal |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598077/jokowi-perintahkan-pembangunan-ikn-libatkan-masyarakat-lokal/full&view=ok |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id}}</ref><ref name="Pebrianto">{{Cite web |last=Pebrianto |first=Fajar |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Kumpulkan Menteri, Pengerjaan IKN Dimulai Paruh Kedua 2022 |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id |archive-date=3 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603134729/https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 }}</ref><ref name="kaltim.suara.com">{{Cite web |last1=Iswinarno |first1=Chandra |last2=Nirmala Sari |first2=Ria Rizki |date=3 June 2022 |title=Pembangunan Awal IKN Nusantara akan Pekerjakan 200 Ribu Pekerja, Libatkan Warga Sekitar? Ini Kata Kepala Otorita |url=https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=suara.com |language=id |archive-date=10 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610205453/https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |url-status=live }}</ref> Paumaliro wa ulamuliro wa [[Joko Widodo]], nyumba zinandi zikaŵa kuti zamara nga ni State Palace, maofesi gha ministry, nyumba zakukhalamo, vikumbusko na mapaki, ndiposo mapulojekiti agho ghali kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma nga ni mahotela, vipatala, na malo ghakusambizgirako PSSI. Pa 17 Ogasiti 2024, Indonesia yikakondwelera zuŵa la wanangwa wake kwa nyengo yakwamba ku Nusantara. Nusantara wakopa ŵalendo, ndipo zuŵa lililose ŵalendo ŵakukwana 3,000 na 5,000 ŵakulutako.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/4476441/otorita-sebut-ikn-terima-kunjungan-wisatawan-hingga-5000-per-hari | title=Otorita sebut IKN terima kunjungan wisatawan hingga 5.000 per hari | work=ANTARA News | date=19 November 2024 | language=id }}</ref> Ntchito iyi yikalutilira mu nyengo ya pulezidenti wa Prabowo Subianto, uyo wali kupeleka ndalama zakukwana Rp 48.8 triliyoni (US$2.98 biliyoni) ku Phase 2 ndipo wasankha kuŵika Nusantara kuŵa yimoza mwa Ntchito za Nthowa za Charu cha Indonesia za 2025–2029.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/business/2025/01/22/ri-to-earmark-rp-48-trillion-for-ikn-development-for-next-five-years.html | title=RI to earmark Rp 48 trillion for IKN development for next five years | work=The Jakarta Post | date=22 January 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Laksono|first=Muhdany Yusuf|date=3 March 2025|title=Ini Daftar Lengkap 77 Proyek Strategis Nasional 2025-2029|url=https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2025/03/03/143000021/ini-daftar-lengkap-77-proyek-strategis-nasional-2025-2029|access-date=2025-03-03 |website=kompas.com|language=id}}</ref> Ndalama izo zikaŵikika zikapelekeka na mabungwe gha bizinesi, gha mu charu ichi na gha ku vyaru vinyake. Kufuma mu Seputembala 2025, ndalama za paŵekha izo zikuŵikika kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma (zambura APBN) zafika pa Rp 65.3 triliyoni (US$4 biliyoni) kufuma ku ŵamalonda 49 (mapangano gha mgwirizano 52).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asmaaysi|first=Alifian |date=27 September 2025|title=Basuki Ungkap Realisasi Investasi IKN Capai Rp65,3 Triliun hingga September 2025|url=https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20250927/45/1915249/basuki-ungkap-realisasi-investasi-ikn-capai-rp653-triliun-hingga-september-2025|access-date=2025-09-29 |website=bisnis.com|language=id}}</ref> ==Nyengo== Nusantara ili na nyengo ya vula yakuzizima ([[Köppen]]: ''Af'') chifukwa palije nyengo yeneco ya vula. Msumba uwu ukuwona vula yakukwana milimita 3,229 (mainchi 127.1) pa chaka. {{Weather box |location = Nusantara (1991–2021 temperature, precipitation/rainfall, humidity, rainy days; 1999–2019 sunshine hours) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 29.1 |Feb high C = 29.4 |Mar high C = 29.5 |Apr high C = 29.4 |May high C = 29.2 |Jun high C = 28.8 |Jul high C = 28.5 |Aug high C = 29 |Sep high C = 29.6 |Oct high C = 29.9 |Nov high C = 29.5 |Dec high C = 29.3 | year high C = |Jan mean C = 25.2 |Feb mean C = 25.3 |Mar mean C = 25.4 |Apr mean C = 25.5 |May mean C = 25.6 |Jun mean C = 25.3 |Jul mean C = 25.1 |Aug mean C = 25.3 |Sep mean C = 25.7 |Oct mean C = 25.8 |Nov mean C = 25.5 |Dec mean C = 25.4 | year mean C = |Jan low C = 22.9 |Feb low C = 22.9 |Mar low C = 23 |Apr low C = 23.2 |May low C = 23.3 |Jun low C = 23.1 |Jul low C = 22.8 |Aug low C = 22.8 |Sep low C = 22.9 |Oct low C = 23.1 |Nov low C = 23.1 |Dec low C = 23.1 | year low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 331 |Feb precipitation mm = 296 |Mar precipitation mm = 352 |Apr precipitation mm = 359 |May precipitation mm = 277 |Jun precipitation mm = 223 |Jul precipitation mm = 186 |Aug precipitation mm = 149 |Sep precipitation mm = 158 |Oct precipitation mm = 226 |Nov precipitation mm = 315 |Dec precipitation mm = 357 |year precipitation mm = | Jan precipitation days = 20 | Feb precipitation days = 18 | Mar precipitation days = 20 | Apr precipitation days = 20 | May precipitation days = 21 | Jun precipitation days = 19 | Jul precipitation days = 18 | Aug precipitation days = 15 | Sep precipitation days = 15 | Oct precipitation days = 18 | Nov precipitation days = 20 | Dec precipitation days = 21 | year precipitation days = |Jan humidity = 90 |Feb humidity = 89 |Mar humidity = 90 |Apr humidity = 91 |May humidity = 91 |Jun humidity = 90 |Jul humidity = 89 |Aug humidity = 86 |Sep humidity = 86 |Oct humidity = 87 |Nov humidity = 90 |Dec humidity = 90 |Jand sun = 7.6 |Febd sun = 7.6 |Mard sun = 7.4 |Aprd sun = 7.3 |Mayd sun = 7.2 |Jund sun = 7.2 |Juld sun = 7.2 |Augd sun = 7.4 |Sepd sun = 7.7 |Octd sun = 7.7 |Novd sun = 7.5 |Decd sun = 7.7 | year light= |source = Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/indonesia/east-kalimantan/sepaku-590171 |title= Sepaku climate: Weather Sepaku & temperature by month |publisher=Cilmate Data}}</ref> }} == Ukaboni == <references />{{Authority control}} [[Category:Indonesia]] [[Category:Nusantara]] o371zbhqn0kti5sknm975ok15305xp1 121648 121647 2026-09-05T06:01:39Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nusantara '''ni msumba uwo ukuzengeka ndipo para ŵamara, ŵakughanaghana kuti uŵe msumba ukuru wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241209122138-4-594426/prabowo-cabut-status-dki-dari-jakarta-berlaku-mulai-ini-ditetapkan</ref> Iwo ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya ku [[East Kalimantan]] vya [[Penajam North Paser]] (apa ndipo ŵakuzenga Chigaŵa Chikuru cha Boma) na Kutai Kartanegara ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa chirwa cha [[Borneo]].<ref>{{cite act|url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf|title=Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 tentang Ibu Kota Negara|type=Law|index=3|year=2022|article=1 and 2|article-type=Article}} {{Cite web |url=https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 February 2022 |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220112101/https://ikn.go.id/uuikn.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="VOI.id">{{cite news |url= https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |title= Nusantara Becomes The Name Of The New Capital City, This Is What It Means |work=VOI.id |date= 17 January 2022 |access-date= 17 January 2022 |archive-date= 19 January 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173043/https://voi.id/en/amp/125015/nusantara-becomes-the-name-of-the-new-capital-city-this-is-what-it-means |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|title=Nusantara Is the Name of Indonesia's New Capital|work=TheIndonesia.id|date=17 January 2022|access-date=2022-01-17|first=Diana|last=Mariska|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173125/https://theindonesia.suara.com/amp/news/2022/01/17/164500/nusantara-is-the-name-of-indonesias-new-capital|url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara wakunozga kuti waŵe msumba wake ukuru wa charu (ChiIndonesia: ''daerah khusus ibu kota negara'') pa msinkhu wa chigaŵa, kunjilirapo pa [[Jakarta]] kuti ŵaponoske msumba uwu ku ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene na kumira kwa charu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |title=Menyambut Provinsi Baru di Ibu Kota Baru|website=GoodNews from Indonesia|date=19 December 2019|access-date=5 January 2022 |language=id |first=Akhyari |last=Hananto |archive-date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105141022/https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2019/12/19/menyambut-propinsi-baru-di-ibukota-baru |url-status=live}}</ref> Nusantara ili pafupi na msumba wa [[Balikpapan]] uwo uli pa doko, uwo ukugwira ntchito nga ni chipata chikuru cha msumba ukuru uphya. Pamanyuma pakuti msumba uwu wasinthika chifukwa cha muliri wa [[COVID-19]] ku Indonesia, ŵakamba kuzenga msumba uwu mu 2022, ŵakamba kuwuskapo malo na kupanga misewu yakunjilirapo. Ŵanthu ŵakuti ntchito iyi yizamudura Rp 523 triliyoni (US$35 biliyoni) ndipo yizamuzengeka mu vigaŵa vinkhondi ivyo vizamumara m'paka mu 2045, kuti yikolerane na chikumbusko cha vyaka 100 vya Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://penajamkab.go.id/?p=4412 | title=Pembangunan Infrastruktur IKN Berjalan Sesuai Tahapan | date=9 February 2023 | website=Website Pemerintah Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara | language=id }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indonesia's new capital Nusantara attracts increased investor interest |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Business-trends/Indonesia-s-new-capital-Nusantara-attracts-increased-investor-interest |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Nikkei Asia |language=en-GB}}</ref> Phase 1, icho chikuchemeka kuti "Malo Ghakuru gha Boma", chikamba mu Ogasiti 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://medium.datadriveninvestor.com/nusantara-the-35-billion-new-capital-of-indonesia-afe4f7e686b7 | title=Nusantara, the $35 billion new capital of Indonesia | first=Anthony | last=Tan | date=3 March 2023 | work=DataDrivenInvestor }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.jawapos.com/ibu-kota-baru/01404873/pembangunan-ikn-nusantara-tahap-1-dimulai-nilainya-rp-53-triliun | title=Pembangunan IKN Nusantara Tahap 1 Dimulai, Nilainya Rp 5,3 Triliun | first=Estu | last=Suryowati | date=30 August 2022 | work=Jawa Pos | language=id }}</ref> Pafupifupi ŵantchito 150,000 mpaka 200,000 kufuma ku vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga vya Indonesia ŵakachitako ntchito iyi pamoza na ŵantchito ŵanyake ŵakusazgikira kuzungulira chigaŵa cha Nusantara kuti ŵawoneseske kuti ŵantchito ŵa ku malo agha nawo ŵakuchitako.<ref name="Hantoro">{{Cite web |last=Hantoro |first=Juli |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Perintahkan Pembangunan IKN Libatkan Masyarakat Lokal |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598077/jokowi-perintahkan-pembangunan-ikn-libatkan-masyarakat-lokal/full&view=ok |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id}}</ref><ref name="Pebrianto">{{Cite web |last=Pebrianto |first=Fajar |date=3 June 2022 |title=Jokowi Kumpulkan Menteri, Pengerjaan IKN Dimulai Paruh Kedua 2022 |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=Tempo |language=id |archive-date=3 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603134729/https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1598017/jokowi-kumpulkan-menteri-pengerjaan-ikn-dimulai-paruh-kedua-2022 }}</ref><ref name="kaltim.suara.com">{{Cite web |last1=Iswinarno |first1=Chandra |last2=Nirmala Sari |first2=Ria Rizki |date=3 June 2022 |title=Pembangunan Awal IKN Nusantara akan Pekerjakan 200 Ribu Pekerja, Libatkan Warga Sekitar? Ini Kata Kepala Otorita |url=https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |access-date=2022-06-03 |website=suara.com |language=id |archive-date=10 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610205453/https://kaltim.suara.com/read/2022/06/03/195005/pembangunan-awal-ikn-nusantara-akan-libatkan-200-ribu-pekerja-akan-libatkan-warga-sekitar-ini-kata-kepala-otorita |url-status=live }}</ref> Paumaliro wa ulamuliro wa [[Joko Widodo]], nyumba zinandi zikaŵa kuti zamara nga ni State Palace, maofesi gha ministry, nyumba zakukhalamo, vikumbusko na mapaki, ndiposo mapulojekiti agho ghali kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma nga ni mahotela, vipatala, na malo ghakusambizgirako PSSI. Pa 17 Ogasiti 2024, Indonesia yikakondwelera zuŵa la wanangwa wake kwa nyengo yakwamba ku Nusantara. Nusantara wakopa ŵalendo, ndipo zuŵa lililose ŵalendo ŵakukwana 3,000 na 5,000 ŵakulutako.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/4476441/otorita-sebut-ikn-terima-kunjungan-wisatawan-hingga-5000-per-hari | title=Otorita sebut IKN terima kunjungan wisatawan hingga 5.000 per hari | work=ANTARA News | date=19 November 2024 | language=id }}</ref> Ntchito iyi yikalutilira mu nyengo ya pulezidenti wa Prabowo Subianto, uyo wali kupeleka ndalama zakukwana Rp 48.8 triliyoni (US$2.98 biliyoni) ku Phase 2 ndipo wasankha kuŵika Nusantara kuŵa yimoza mwa Ntchito za Nthowa za Charu cha Indonesia za 2025–2029.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/business/2025/01/22/ri-to-earmark-rp-48-trillion-for-ikn-development-for-next-five-years.html | title=RI to earmark Rp 48 trillion for IKN development for next five years | work=The Jakarta Post | date=22 January 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Laksono|first=Muhdany Yusuf|date=3 March 2025|title=Ini Daftar Lengkap 77 Proyek Strategis Nasional 2025-2029|url=https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2025/03/03/143000021/ini-daftar-lengkap-77-proyek-strategis-nasional-2025-2029|access-date=2025-03-03 |website=kompas.com|language=id}}</ref> Ndalama izo zikaŵikika zikapelekeka na mabungwe gha bizinesi, gha mu charu ichi na gha ku vyaru vinyake. Kufuma mu Seputembala 2025, ndalama za paŵekha izo zikuŵikika kuwaro kwa bajeti ya boma (zambura APBN) zafika pa Rp 65.3 triliyoni (US$4 biliyoni) kufuma ku ŵamalonda 49 (mapangano gha mgwirizano 52).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asmaaysi|first=Alifian |date=27 September 2025|title=Basuki Ungkap Realisasi Investasi IKN Capai Rp65,3 Triliun hingga September 2025|url=https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20250927/45/1915249/basuki-ungkap-realisasi-investasi-ikn-capai-rp653-triliun-hingga-september-2025|access-date=2025-09-29 |website=bisnis.com|language=id}}</ref> ==Nyengo== Nusantara ili na nyengo ya vula yakuzizima ([[Köppen]]: ''Af'') chifukwa palije nyengo yeneco ya vula. Msumba uwu ukuwona vula yakukwana milimita 3,229 (mainchi 127.1) pa chaka. {{Weather box |location = Nusantara (1991–2021 temperature, precipitation/rainfall, humidity, rainy days; 1999–2019 sunshine hours) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 29.1 |Feb high C = 29.4 |Mar high C = 29.5 |Apr high C = 29.4 |May high C = 29.2 |Jun high C = 28.8 |Jul high C = 28.5 |Aug high C = 29 |Sep high C = 29.6 |Oct high C = 29.9 |Nov high C = 29.5 |Dec high C = 29.3 | year high C = |Jan mean C = 25.2 |Feb mean C = 25.3 |Mar mean C = 25.4 |Apr mean C = 25.5 |May mean C = 25.6 |Jun mean C = 25.3 |Jul mean C = 25.1 |Aug mean C = 25.3 |Sep mean C = 25.7 |Oct mean C = 25.8 |Nov mean C = 25.5 |Dec mean C = 25.4 | year mean C = |Jan low C = 22.9 |Feb low C = 22.9 |Mar low C = 23 |Apr low C = 23.2 |May low C = 23.3 |Jun low C = 23.1 |Jul low C = 22.8 |Aug low C = 22.8 |Sep low C = 22.9 |Oct low C = 23.1 |Nov low C = 23.1 |Dec low C = 23.1 | year low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 331 |Feb precipitation mm = 296 |Mar precipitation mm = 352 |Apr precipitation mm = 359 |May precipitation mm = 277 |Jun precipitation mm = 223 |Jul precipitation mm = 186 |Aug precipitation mm = 149 |Sep precipitation mm = 158 |Oct precipitation mm = 226 |Nov precipitation mm = 315 |Dec precipitation mm = 357 |year precipitation mm = | Jan precipitation days = 20 | Feb precipitation days = 18 | Mar precipitation days = 20 | Apr precipitation days = 20 | May precipitation days = 21 | Jun precipitation days = 19 | Jul precipitation days = 18 | Aug precipitation days = 15 | Sep precipitation days = 15 | Oct precipitation days = 18 | Nov precipitation days = 20 | Dec precipitation days = 21 | year precipitation days = |Jan humidity = 90 |Feb humidity = 89 |Mar humidity = 90 |Apr humidity = 91 |May humidity = 91 |Jun humidity = 90 |Jul humidity = 89 |Aug humidity = 86 |Sep humidity = 86 |Oct humidity = 87 |Nov humidity = 90 |Dec humidity = 90 |Jand sun = 7.6 |Febd sun = 7.6 |Mard sun = 7.4 |Aprd sun = 7.3 |Mayd sun = 7.2 |Jund sun = 7.2 |Juld sun = 7.2 |Augd sun = 7.4 |Sepd sun = 7.7 |Octd sun = 7.7 |Novd sun = 7.5 |Decd sun = 7.7 | year light= |source = Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/indonesia/east-kalimantan/sepaku-590171 |title= Sepaku climate: Weather Sepaku & temperature by month |publisher=Cilmate Data}}</ref> }} == Ukaboni == <references /> == Malinki gha kuwaro == *{{Commons category-inline|Capital City of Nusantara}} *{{Official website|https://ikn.go.id/}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Indonesia]] [[Category:Nusantara]] egtk02agi8jbgf8jopvewgz9m7shong 1 49475 121645 2026-09-05T05:57:40Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 0 49476 121660 2026-09-05T07:05:37Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Redirected page to [[Donald Trump]] 121660 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Donald Trump]] lnf5ebxedobir1tst865vmfai1tnxod 0 49477 121661 2026-09-05T07:06:08Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Redirected page to [[Donald Trump]] 121661 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Donald Trump]] lnf5ebxedobir1tst865vmfai1tnxod 0 49478 121669 2026-09-05T09:01:17Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{Infobox person | name = Arina Glazunova | native_name = {{nobold|Арина Глазунова}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|2000|2|13}} | birth_place = [[Moscow]], Russia | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2024|9|27|2000|2|13}} | death_place = [[Tbilisi]], Georgia }} Mu maora ghakwamba gha pa 27 Seputembala 2024, ku [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgia]], Arina Glazunova, wa vyaka 24 wa ku [[Russia]] uyo wakakhuŵilizgan..." 121669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Arina Glazunova | native_name = {{nobold|Арина Глазунова}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|2000|2|13}} | birth_place = [[Moscow]], Russia | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2024|9|27|2000|2|13}} | death_place = [[Tbilisi]], Georgia }} Mu maora ghakwamba gha pa 27 Seputembala 2024, ku [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgia]], Arina Glazunova, wa vyaka 24 wa ku [[Russia]] uyo wakakhuŵilizganga ŵanthu, wakafwa apo wakawa mu msewu wa pasi pa mtunda apo wakajamburanga vidiyo ya selfie uku wakuyimba sumu ya [[TikTok]]. Ngozi iyi yikamanyikwa chomene pa Intaneti ndipo ŵanthu ŵakamba kudumbiskana vya chivikiriro cha vinthu vyakuzirwa vya ku Tbilisi. == Kunyuma kwa chithuzi == [[File:View over First Republic Square, Tbilisi.jpg|thumb|Overhead view of [[First Republic Square]] in 2012, where Glazunova fell; the subway passage is toward the middle of the picture, directly behind the street light]] Arina Glazunova ({{langx|ru|Арина Глазунова}}) wakababika pa 13 Febuluwale 2000 ku [[Moscow]][[Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration|.]]<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Погибла в подземном переходе в Тбилиси поющая хит Аллы Пугачевой "В последний раз" 27-летняя россиянка Арина: видео |url=https://www.thevoicemag.ru/social/news/29-09-2024/pogibla-v-podzemnom-perehode-v-tbilisi-poyushchaya-hit-ally-pugachevoi-v-poslednii-raz-27-letnyaya-rossiyanka-arina-video/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=www.thevoicemag.ru |language=ru-RU}}</ref>Glazunova wakaluta kukachezga na ŵabwezi ŵake ku Tbilisi, pambere wandachite ngozi yakukoma. Pafupifupi 2:30 a.m. pa 27 Seputembala 2024, Glazunova wakendanga na mubwezi wake mu First Republic Square pakatikati pa msumba, wakayimbanga sumu yakuti "For The Last Time" apo wakajambuliranga ulendo uwu pa foni yake.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Соколова |first=Анна |date=2024-09-29 |title=Забыла паспорт. Погибшая в Тбилиси россиянка не прислушалась к знаку судьбы |url=https://aif.ru/society/people/zabyla-pasport-pogibshaya-v-tbilisi-rossiyanka-ne-prislushalas-k-znaku-sudby |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=AiF |language=ru}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2024-09-29 |title="В последний раз": россиянка упала в подземный переход в Тбилиси и погибла |url=https://ura.news/news/1052823359 |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=ura.news |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-04 |title=Russian Tourist Films Her Final Moments Before Tripping, Falling to Death |url=https://www.tmz.com/2024/10/04/russian-tourist-georgia-films-falling-to-death-video/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=TMZ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Broughton |first=Hannah |date=2024-10-03 |title=Horrible moment woman, 24, trips over a wall and plunges to her death |url=https://www.the-express.com/news/world-news/150507/horrible-moment-woman-trips-over-plunges-to-death-georgia |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=Daily Express US |language=en}}</ref> Glazunova wakatondeka kuwona mphepete mwa msewu uwo ukujumpha pasi ndipo wakakhuŵara na kuwelera nyuma, ndipo wakawa kufuma pa mtunda wa mamita 5 (16 ft).<ref name=":0" /> Ŵakamutolera ku chipatala chifukwa chakuti wakaphyoka viwangwa vinandi, kusazgapo pasi pa chifuŵa chake, ndipo wakafwa zuŵa lenelira.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-30 |title="Мне будет ее не хватать". Спела "В последний раз" и упала в подземный переход — что известно о погибшей в Тбилиси россиянке |url=https://68.ru/text/incidents/2024/09/30/74150045/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=68.ру |language=ru}}</ref> === Fuma === Nkhani iyi yikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵayowoye pa Intaneti apo ŵakagaŵira vidiyo ya nyifwa yake.<ref>{{Cite web |title=In Shocking Video, Tourist Captures Her Final Moments Before Fatal Fall |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/in-shocking-video-tourist-captures-her-final-moments-before-fatal-fall-9074742.html |access-date=2025-04-28 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mtembu |first=Xolile |date=October 10, 2024 |title=Influencer falls down a flight of stairs while filming, captures her last moments and death |url=https://iol.co.za/news/world/2024-10-10-influencer-falls-down-a-flight-of-stairs-while-filming-captures-her-last-moments-and-death/ |access-date=2025-04-28 |website=IOL |language=en}}</ref> Pa malo agho Glazunova wakawirapo, ŵakanozga chikumbusko cha mwamabuchi na maluŵa ghakukumbukira wakufwa.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha ŵakamba kudumbiskana pa malo ghakuchezgerapo pa nkhani ya msewu uwo ukujumpha pasi pa charu. Kuyana na iwo, kusoŵa kwa mpanda kukuŵika umoyo wa ŵanyake awo ŵakujumpha pa ngozi. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito Intaneti ŵakawona kuti pa malo agha palije mpanda mu nthowa yiliyose ndipo ŵakati usange ŵangachitapo kanthu yayi, soka ili lingachitikaso.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-01 |title=В Тбилиси трагически погибла туристка из Москвы: последние фото Арины Глазуновой |url=https://www.mk.ru/photo/gallery/46647-923355.html |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=www.mk.ru |language=ru}}</ref> Mphepete ya msewu wa sitima zapasi pa mtunda ukaŵa waka masentimita 30 pa nyengo iyo vinthu ivi vikachitikanga.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Influencer, age 24, falls to her death down subway steps moments after she was filmed |url=https://www.nationalworld.com/culture/celebrity/influencer-age-24-falls-to-her-death-down-subway-steps-just-moments-after-she-was-filmed-singing-and-dancing-4808346 |access-date=2025-05-04 |website=NationalWorld |language=en}}</ref> Maliro gha Glazunova ghakachitikira ku manda gha Vagankovsky ku Moscow.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-10-05 |title=Похоронили в кругу друзей и семьи. В столице простились с москвичкой, упавшей в подземный переход в Тбилиси |url=https://msk1.ru/text/incidents/2024/10/05/74176901/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=МСК1.ру |language=ru}}</ref> Pambere ŵandamuŵike pa nyifwa, ŵapapi ŵa Glazunova ŵakaluta ku Georgia kuti ŵakawezge thupi lake ku Russia.<ref name=":0" /> Pamanyuma, ŵakaŵika chitetezo pa malo agho wakawira kuti ngozi yakuyana waka yileke kuchitikaso. == Ukaboni == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Glazunova, Arina}} [[Category:Ŵanthu awo ŵakafwa chifukwa cha kuwa]] [[Category:Nyifwa]] rl72u7dx62324rhgfi0l9oy3kh02obk 121671 121669 2026-09-05T09:02:24Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Arina Glazunova | native_name = {{nobold|Арина Глазунова}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|2000|2|13}} | birth_place = [[Moscow]], Russia | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2024|9|27|2000|2|13}} | death_place = [[Tbilisi]], Georgia }} Mu maora ghakwamba gha pa 27 Seputembala 2024, ku [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgia]], Arina Glazunova, wa vyaka 24 wa ku [[Russia]] uyo wakakhuŵilizganga ŵanthu, wakafwa apo wakawa mu msewu wa pasi pa mtunda apo wakajamburanga vidiyo ya selfie uku wakuyimba sumu ya [[TikTok]]. Ngozi iyi yikamanyikwa chomene pa Intaneti ndipo ŵanthu ŵakamba kudumbiskana vya chivikiriro cha vinthu vyakuzirwa vya ku Tbilisi. == Kunyuma kwa chithuzi == [[File:View over First Republic Square, Tbilisi.jpg|thumb|Kuwona pachanya pa [[First Republic Square]] mu 2012, apo Glazunova wakawira; nthowa ya sitima zapasi pa mtunda yili pakatikati pa chithuzithuzi, kuseri kwa nyali ya msewu]] Arina Glazunova ({{langx|ru|Арина Глазунова}}) wakababika pa 13 Febuluwale 2000 ku [[Moscow]][[Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration|.]]<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Погибла в подземном переходе в Тбилиси поющая хит Аллы Пугачевой "В последний раз" 27-летняя россиянка Арина: видео |url=https://www.thevoicemag.ru/social/news/29-09-2024/pogibla-v-podzemnom-perehode-v-tbilisi-poyushchaya-hit-ally-pugachevoi-v-poslednii-raz-27-letnyaya-rossiyanka-arina-video/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=www.thevoicemag.ru |language=ru-RU}}</ref>Glazunova wakaluta kukachezga na ŵabwezi ŵake ku Tbilisi, pambere wandachite ngozi yakukoma. Pafupifupi 2:30 a.m. pa 27 Seputembala 2024, Glazunova wakendanga na mubwezi wake mu [[First Republic Square]] pakatikati pa msumba, wakayimbanga sumu yakuti "For The Last Time" apo wakajambuliranga ulendo uwu pa foni yake.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Соколова |first=Анна |date=2024-09-29 |title=Забыла паспорт. Погибшая в Тбилиси россиянка не прислушалась к знаку судьбы |url=https://aif.ru/society/people/zabyla-pasport-pogibshaya-v-tbilisi-rossiyanka-ne-prislushalas-k-znaku-sudby |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=AiF |language=ru}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2024-09-29 |title="В последний раз": россиянка упала в подземный переход в Тбилиси и погибла |url=https://ura.news/news/1052823359 |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=ura.news |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-04 |title=Russian Tourist Films Her Final Moments Before Tripping, Falling to Death |url=https://www.tmz.com/2024/10/04/russian-tourist-georgia-films-falling-to-death-video/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=TMZ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Broughton |first=Hannah |date=2024-10-03 |title=Horrible moment woman, 24, trips over a wall and plunges to her death |url=https://www.the-express.com/news/world-news/150507/horrible-moment-woman-trips-over-plunges-to-death-georgia |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=Daily Express US |language=en}}</ref> Glazunova wakatondeka kuwona mphepete mwa msewu uwo ukujumpha pasi ndipo wakakhuŵara na kuwelera nyuma, ndipo wakawa kufuma pa mtunda wa mamita 5 (16 ft).<ref name=":0" /> Ŵakamutolera ku chipatala chifukwa chakuti wakaphyoka viwangwa vinandi, kusazgapo pasi pa chifuŵa chake, ndipo wakafwa zuŵa lenelira.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-30 |title="Мне будет ее не хватать". Спела "В последний раз" и упала в подземный переход — что известно о погибшей в Тбилиси россиянке |url=https://68.ru/text/incidents/2024/09/30/74150045/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=68.ру |language=ru}}</ref> === Fuma === Nkhani iyi yikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵayowoye pa Intaneti apo ŵakagaŵira vidiyo ya nyifwa yake.<ref>{{Cite web |title=In Shocking Video, Tourist Captures Her Final Moments Before Fatal Fall |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/in-shocking-video-tourist-captures-her-final-moments-before-fatal-fall-9074742.html |access-date=2025-04-28 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mtembu |first=Xolile |date=October 10, 2024 |title=Influencer falls down a flight of stairs while filming, captures her last moments and death |url=https://iol.co.za/news/world/2024-10-10-influencer-falls-down-a-flight-of-stairs-while-filming-captures-her-last-moments-and-death/ |access-date=2025-04-28 |website=IOL |language=en}}</ref> Pa malo agho Glazunova wakawirapo, ŵakanozga chikumbusko cha mwamabuchi na maluŵa ghakukumbukira wakufwa.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha ŵakamba kudumbiskana pa malo ghakuchezgerapo pa nkhani ya msewu uwo ukujumpha pasi pa charu. Kuyana na iwo, kusoŵa kwa mpanda kukuŵika umoyo wa ŵanyake awo ŵakujumpha pa ngozi. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito Intaneti ŵakawona kuti pa malo agha palije mpanda mu nthowa yiliyose ndipo ŵakati usange ŵangachitapo kanthu yayi, soka ili lingachitikaso.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-01 |title=В Тбилиси трагически погибла туристка из Москвы: последние фото Арины Глазуновой |url=https://www.mk.ru/photo/gallery/46647-923355.html |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=www.mk.ru |language=ru}}</ref> Mphepete ya msewu wa sitima zapasi pa mtunda ukaŵa waka masentimita 30 pa nyengo iyo vinthu ivi vikachitikanga.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Influencer, age 24, falls to her death down subway steps moments after she was filmed |url=https://www.nationalworld.com/culture/celebrity/influencer-age-24-falls-to-her-death-down-subway-steps-just-moments-after-she-was-filmed-singing-and-dancing-4808346 |access-date=2025-05-04 |website=NationalWorld |language=en}}</ref> Maliro gha Glazunova ghakachitikira ku manda gha Vagankovsky ku [[Moscow]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-10-05 |title=Похоронили в кругу друзей и семьи. В столице простились с москвичкой, упавшей в подземный переход в Тбилиси |url=https://msk1.ru/text/incidents/2024/10/05/74176901/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=МСК1.ру |language=ru}}</ref> Pambere ŵandamuŵike pa nyifwa, ŵapapi ŵa Glazunova ŵakaluta ku Georgia kuti ŵakawezge thupi lake ku Russia.<ref name=":0" /> Pamanyuma, ŵakaŵika chitetezo pa malo agho wakawira kuti ngozi yakuyana waka yileke kuchitikaso. == Ukaboni == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Glazunova, Arina}} [[Category:Ŵanthu awo ŵakafwa chifukwa cha kuwa]] [[Category:Nyifwa]] s8mkbn5cjuon3uzidwajzrz48eo2wwe 1 49479 121670 2026-09-05T09:01:36Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 0 49480 121672 2026-09-05T09:17:35Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{Databox}} '''Daniele Alves Lopes''' (1977 - Julayi 5, 1993) wakaŵa msungwana wa ku [[Brazil]] uyo wakajumphilira na kufwa kufuma ku nyumba ya Centro Comercial Presidente mu chigaŵa chapakati cha malonda cha [[São Paulo]]. Pa Julayi 5, 1993, mtola nkhani Sérgio Frias kufuma ku pulogiramu ya "Aqui Agora," pamoza na José Meraio uyo wakajambura vithuzithuzi, ŵakategherezganga vimanyikwiro vya pafupipafupi vya dipatimenti yakuzimya moto na ŵapolisi ŵa mu msumba uwu...." 121672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniele Alves Lopes''' (1977 - Julayi 5, 1993) wakaŵa msungwana wa ku [[Brazil]] uyo wakajumphilira na kufwa kufuma ku nyumba ya Centro Comercial Presidente mu chigaŵa chapakati cha malonda cha [[São Paulo]]. Pa Julayi 5, 1993, mtola nkhani Sérgio Frias kufuma ku pulogiramu ya "Aqui Agora," pamoza na José Meraio uyo wakajambura vithuzithuzi, ŵakategherezganga vimanyikwiro vya pafupipafupi vya dipatimenti yakuzimya moto na ŵapolisi ŵa mu msumba uwu. Ŵakalondezganga galimoto yakuzimya moto iyo yikajumphanga. Nzika yinyake yikaphalira mtola nkhani kuti pakaŵa msungwana munyake pa mzere wa nyumba iyo ŵakaŵapo, pa ngodya ya msewu apo ŵakadumbiskana. Pa nyengo iyi ndipo Frias wakawona Daniele pa mzere. Wakaŵa kuti wafikapo pafupifupi mphindi 15 pambere gulu la SBT lindafike. Pakatora yayi nanga ni masekondi 30 kuti Meraio wajambure msungwana uyu; pambere ŵapolisi ŵakuzimya moto ŵandamovwire, wakajumphilira<ref>{{Cite web |last=CASTRO |first=THELL DE |date=September 5, 2014 |title=Em 1993, Aqui Agora exibiu suicídio de adolescente e chocou o Brasil |url=https://noticiasdatv.uol.com.br/noticia/televisao/em-1993-aqui-agora-exibiu-suicidio-de-adolescente-e-chocou-o-brasil-4722 |access-date=January 23, 2026 |website=Notícias da TV |language=pt-BR}}</ref> panthazi pa makamera gha José Meraio. Wakafwa mu ambulansi apo wakaŵa pa ulendo wakuya ku chipatala. Kujikoma uku kukajambulika na pulogiramu ya nyuzipepara ya ku Brazil, ''Aqui Agora'', ndipo ŵakayilongora pa [[Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão]] (SBT). Kupharazga uku kukapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵawonelere ndipo ŵanthu ŵa mu charu chose ŵakadumbiskana za umo chiwoneskero ichi chikachitiranga vinthu vyakukondweska, vya nkhaza, ndiposo vyambura kwenelera.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Brooke|first1=J.|title=In Sao Paulo, The TV News in Real Time|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/26/world/in-sao-paulo-the-tv-news-in-real-time.html|agency=The New York Times|date=1993}}</ref> == Nyifwa == Pa Julayi 5, 1993, Daniele Lopes, uyo wakagongowa comene cifukwa cakuti ŵakamazga nthengwa yawo sonosono apa, wakakwera pa mtenje wa nsanja na ciŵiri wa nyumba ya maofesi iyo wakagwiranga nchito ya kupokelera ŵalendo. Apo wakaghanaghaniranga ivyo vichitikenge kwa iyo, ŵapolisi na gulu la ŵapharazgi ŵakiza ndipo ŵakamba kujambura. Ŵanthu ŵakajambura vinthu ivi m’paka apo msungwana uyu wakajumphilira, kweni ŵakadumura malo agha pambere wandafike pasi.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last1=De Castro|title=Em 1993, Aqui Agora exibiu suicídio de adolescente e chocou o Brasil|url=http://noticiasdatv.uol.com.br/noticia/televisao/em-1993-aqui-agora-exibiu-suicidio-de-adolescente-e-chocou-o-brasil-4722|work=Televisao|date=2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tvefamosos.uol.com.br/noticias/redacao/2016/05/20/aqui-agora-era-selecao-brasileira-de-reporteres-relembra-gil-gomes.htm|title=Aqui Agora era seleção brasileira de repórteres, relembra Gil Gomes – Últimas Notícias – UOL TV e Famosos|website=UOL TV e Famosos|language=pt-BR|access-date=May 25, 2016}}</ref> Apo vithuzithuzi ivi vikalongosoreka pa televishoni ya charu cha Brazil ivyo vikaŵa kuti vindasinthike, vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵawonelere. Uwukirano wa Lopes na mtima wake wakuphyoka vikwenera kuti vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe na chitemwa ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe na chitemwa na ivyo vikachitika.<ref name=":0" /> == Fuma == Dokotala wa maghanoghano wa ku Brazil, Jacob Pinheiro Goldberg, wakayowoya mwakususka chomene pa nkhani iyi, ndipo wakati yingapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuŵa na chitima,<ref>{{cite news|title=Network Criticized for Televising Teen-age Girl's Suicide|url=https://apnews.com/32bc802db3e92b2142d37d1e255f9004|work=AP|date=1993}}</ref> ndipo Jurandir Freire Costa, uyo wakusanda vya maghanoghano gha ŵanthu, wakayowoya kuti ŵapharazgi ni viyuni vya mtundu wa vulture. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakasambiranga vya kuyowoyeskana nawo ŵakasuskanga.<ref name=":0" /> Mu 1994, banja la Alves Lopes likafika pa [[Real (kopala)|R$]] 1.05 miliyoni na SBT chifukwa cha kunanga nkharo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=DA Reportagem Local|title=SBT é condenado a pagar R$ 1 mi a familia de menina que se matou|url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/1994/9/30/brasil/19.html|work=Folha De S. Paulo|date=1994}}</ref> == Ukaboni == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lopes, Daniele Alves}} [[Category:Ŵanthu awo ŵakafwa chifukwa cha kuwa]] [[Category:Nyifwa]] 5tgzpvxnqpjsvilv4ogaofqfjpki0ud 121675 121672 2026-09-05T09:19:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Daniele Alves Lopes]] to [[Nyifwa ya Daniele Alves Lopes]] 121672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniele Alves Lopes''' (1977 - Julayi 5, 1993) wakaŵa msungwana wa ku [[Brazil]] uyo wakajumphilira na kufwa kufuma ku nyumba ya Centro Comercial Presidente mu chigaŵa chapakati cha malonda cha [[São Paulo]]. Pa Julayi 5, 1993, mtola nkhani Sérgio Frias kufuma ku pulogiramu ya "Aqui Agora," pamoza na José Meraio uyo wakajambura vithuzithuzi, ŵakategherezganga vimanyikwiro vya pafupipafupi vya dipatimenti yakuzimya moto na ŵapolisi ŵa mu msumba uwu. Ŵakalondezganga galimoto yakuzimya moto iyo yikajumphanga. Nzika yinyake yikaphalira mtola nkhani kuti pakaŵa msungwana munyake pa mzere wa nyumba iyo ŵakaŵapo, pa ngodya ya msewu apo ŵakadumbiskana. Pa nyengo iyi ndipo Frias wakawona Daniele pa mzere. Wakaŵa kuti wafikapo pafupifupi mphindi 15 pambere gulu la SBT lindafike. Pakatora yayi nanga ni masekondi 30 kuti Meraio wajambure msungwana uyu; pambere ŵapolisi ŵakuzimya moto ŵandamovwire, wakajumphilira<ref>{{Cite web |last=CASTRO |first=THELL DE |date=September 5, 2014 |title=Em 1993, Aqui Agora exibiu suicídio de adolescente e chocou o Brasil |url=https://noticiasdatv.uol.com.br/noticia/televisao/em-1993-aqui-agora-exibiu-suicidio-de-adolescente-e-chocou-o-brasil-4722 |access-date=January 23, 2026 |website=Notícias da TV |language=pt-BR}}</ref> panthazi pa makamera gha José Meraio. Wakafwa mu ambulansi apo wakaŵa pa ulendo wakuya ku chipatala. Kujikoma uku kukajambulika na pulogiramu ya nyuzipepara ya ku Brazil, ''Aqui Agora'', ndipo ŵakayilongora pa [[Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão]] (SBT). Kupharazga uku kukapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵawonelere ndipo ŵanthu ŵa mu charu chose ŵakadumbiskana za umo chiwoneskero ichi chikachitiranga vinthu vyakukondweska, vya nkhaza, ndiposo vyambura kwenelera.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Brooke|first1=J.|title=In Sao Paulo, The TV News in Real Time|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/26/world/in-sao-paulo-the-tv-news-in-real-time.html|agency=The New York Times|date=1993}}</ref> == Nyifwa == Pa Julayi 5, 1993, Daniele Lopes, uyo wakagongowa comene cifukwa cakuti ŵakamazga nthengwa yawo sonosono apa, wakakwera pa mtenje wa nsanja na ciŵiri wa nyumba ya maofesi iyo wakagwiranga nchito ya kupokelera ŵalendo. Apo wakaghanaghaniranga ivyo vichitikenge kwa iyo, ŵapolisi na gulu la ŵapharazgi ŵakiza ndipo ŵakamba kujambura. Ŵanthu ŵakajambura vinthu ivi m’paka apo msungwana uyu wakajumphilira, kweni ŵakadumura malo agha pambere wandafike pasi.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last1=De Castro|title=Em 1993, Aqui Agora exibiu suicídio de adolescente e chocou o Brasil|url=http://noticiasdatv.uol.com.br/noticia/televisao/em-1993-aqui-agora-exibiu-suicidio-de-adolescente-e-chocou-o-brasil-4722|work=Televisao|date=2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tvefamosos.uol.com.br/noticias/redacao/2016/05/20/aqui-agora-era-selecao-brasileira-de-reporteres-relembra-gil-gomes.htm|title=Aqui Agora era seleção brasileira de repórteres, relembra Gil Gomes – Últimas Notícias – UOL TV e Famosos|website=UOL TV e Famosos|language=pt-BR|access-date=May 25, 2016}}</ref> Apo vithuzithuzi ivi vikalongosoreka pa televishoni ya charu cha Brazil ivyo vikaŵa kuti vindasinthike, vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵawonelere. Uwukirano wa Lopes na mtima wake wakuphyoka vikwenera kuti vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe na chitemwa ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe na chitemwa na ivyo vikachitika.<ref name=":0" /> == Fuma == Dokotala wa maghanoghano wa ku Brazil, Jacob Pinheiro Goldberg, wakayowoya mwakususka chomene pa nkhani iyi, ndipo wakati yingapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuŵa na chitima,<ref>{{cite news|title=Network Criticized for Televising Teen-age Girl's Suicide|url=https://apnews.com/32bc802db3e92b2142d37d1e255f9004|work=AP|date=1993}}</ref> ndipo Jurandir Freire Costa, uyo wakusanda vya maghanoghano gha ŵanthu, wakayowoya kuti ŵapharazgi ni viyuni vya mtundu wa vulture. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakasambiranga vya kuyowoyeskana nawo ŵakasuskanga.<ref name=":0" /> Mu 1994, banja la Alves Lopes likafika pa [[Real (kopala)|R$]] 1.05 miliyoni na SBT chifukwa cha kunanga nkharo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=DA Reportagem Local|title=SBT é condenado a pagar R$ 1 mi a familia de menina que se matou|url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/1994/9/30/brasil/19.html|work=Folha De S. Paulo|date=1994}}</ref> == Ukaboni == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lopes, Daniele Alves}} [[Category:Ŵanthu awo ŵakafwa chifukwa cha kuwa]] [[Category:Nyifwa]] 5tgzpvxnqpjsvilv4ogaofqfjpki0ud 1 49481 121673 2026-09-05T09:17:47Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{Databox}}" 121673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} lzrsolkoxvicusc39gz7uudamev552z 121674 121673 2026-09-05T09:18:14Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Wow, dont know how that happened 121674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Talk header}} 6ujz0t3lkt6jsf7d1r360l6l7wj3njb 121677 121674 2026-09-05T09:19:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Daniele Alves Lopes]] to [[Talk:Nyifwa ya Daniele Alves Lopes]] 121674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Talk header}} 6ujz0t3lkt6jsf7d1r360l6l7wj3njb 0 49482 121676 2026-09-05T09:19:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Daniele Alves Lopes]] to [[Nyifwa ya Daniele Alves Lopes]] 121676 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Nyifwa ya Daniele Alves Lopes]] 3vnnzlkkmqknxhrw0iei56hm1o3zp17 1 49483 121678 2026-09-05T09:19:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi moved page [[Talk:Daniele Alves Lopes]] to [[Talk:Nyifwa ya Daniele Alves Lopes]] 121678 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Talk:Nyifwa ya Daniele Alves Lopes]] bnr3my369b85ztwh7zukwpgmz45dicx 14 49484 121679 2026-09-05T09:22:15Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "Nyifwa" 121679 wikitext text/x-wiki Nyifwa 50650kmcoj6b189nu2akjltr60wm27h 14 49485 121680 2026-09-05T09:25:16Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{CatAutoTOC}} [[Category:Nyifwa]]" 121680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CatAutoTOC}} [[Category:Nyifwa]] nulqxwtyeo7xt3aeoweyfybbhqbo73w