Wikipedia tumwiki https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jani_likulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 3 6887 121681 121668 2026-09-05T19:19:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 /* Donald Trump as a featured article */ Zgolo 121681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{User:MiszaBot/config |maxarchivesize = 10 |counter = 1 |algo = old(48h) |archive = User talk:Tumbuka Arch/Archive %(counter)d |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 4 }} {{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=LightCyan|start1=0%|color2=Aqua|start2=20%|color3=DodgerBlue|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=DodgerBlue|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Dofyani pano kuti munitumile uthenga uliwose!}}{{User new message large|textcolor=White|color1=#008000|start1=0%|color2=#007500|start2=50%|color3=#007000|start3=75%|bordersize=1px|bordercolor=#007000|radius=10px|textsize=200%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=[[File:Face-smile.svg|32px|link=|alt=]]|text=Just click here to add a new message!|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Tumbuka_Arch?action=edit&section=new}} <!-- Do not use another URL in this documentation, especially not Special:MyTalk! Someone might copy it from here and think that it works on their talk page... while it only works for THEMSELVES. -->{{User new message large|textcolor=Black|color1=Wheat|start1=0%|color2=Wheat|start2=20%|color3=Wheat|start3=90%|bordersize=2px|bordercolor=Wheat|radius=10px|textsize=150%|rotation=135deg|icon-left=|icon-right=|text={{big|♕}}{{spaces|2}}<u>PLEASE CLICK HERE TO ADD A NEW MESSAGE</u>{{spaces|2}}{{big|♕}}}} {{Tumbuka Arch Talk 2}} {{Archives}} <!--- New sections go at the BOTTOM of the page ---> '''ALL TUMBUKA HISTORY BOOKS''' [https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1XgLgzF3vyXF9NMdLiymx5weR5twXJ4pB?usp=sharing Here] == Resources and questions == Hi. I hope you are doing well. I have two things: 1. Do you have any resources for learning Tumbuka and Chewa? I'm getting more used to Tumbuka (not perfect still), but not great with Chewa. 2. Lots of things in one. *Is the word for ''is ''in Chewa ''ndi'', like ''ni ''in Tumbuka, or is ''ndi ''meaning ''and''? *Is ''mzinda ''meaning ''city ''in Tumbuka? I've been treating it this way until your move summary for [[Darwin (mzinda)]] saying it is Chewa. *Is ''village ''in Tumbuka ''muzi ''or ''chikaya''? And what is ''village ''in Chewa? *What is ''nyengo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''weather''. *What is ''malo ''in Tumbuka exactly? I've been treating it as ''geography'' and multiple other things. *What is ''boma'' in Tumbuka? Can it mean both ''government ''and ''county''/''LGA''? *Is ''island '' in Tumbuka ''chilumba ''or ''nkhoska''? Yewo chomene. I know thats a lot. Come back to me when you can. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 13:30, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) :Great questions and thanks. :* "Ni" is Tumbuka, and in Chewa, it is "ndi" which means "is". :* "Mzinda"''' is not Tumbuka''' (but '''Chewa'''), in Tumbuka it is called "msumba" which means "city", "town" or "urban area". :* "Island" is called "chirwa" (default normal Tumbuka), or "nkhoska" (old (or deep) Tumbuka), ''Chilumba'' is Chewa language :* "Boma" is both Chewa and Tumbuka, in both languages, it means "the district seat", "a district", "government of"= boma la, "government" :* Village is "'''Chikaya'''" in '''Tumbuka''', and ''mu'''d'''zi'' in Chewa. "Muzi" is a Tumbuka pidgin, meaning a neutral one, or a hybrid :* "malo" is both Tumbuka and Chewa to mean "place", piece of land", "a plot/plot", "location" :* "Nyengo" (time) is Tumbuka, in Chewa (if you mean time), it called "nthawi" :* "Nyengo" in Chewa, it may mean "season of", but does NOT mean "season" :* For "season(s)", in Tumbuka is "'''nyengo ya''' (vula) to mean "rainy season" :* For "season(s)", in Chewa is "'''nyengo ya''' (mvula) to mean "rainy season" :Resources, you mean online? :Thanks. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 18:24, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]] Yes, online. ::Thanks for the information. I'll remember these. ::Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 23:03, 2 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) == [[Donald Trump]] as a featured article == Hi. I am letting you know the article [[Donald Trump]], a page you created or significantly contributed to, has been marked as a Featured Article for the Tumbuka Wikipedia. The performer, [[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]], left the following message: ''I think the article has Featured Article potential, and I have already added the badge. This article is amazing! Please let me know if you object.'' Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 07:11, 5 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]] Thanks, and I agree. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 19:19, 5 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) 9kysiehl4sk6enwph5nzk6kla1ovtei 0 6999 121723 66512 2026-09-06T04:29:53Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Fixing 121723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{redirect|Ripabuliki ya Cuba| Ripabuliki yakwamba iyo yikaŵako pakati pa 1902 mpaka 1906 na 1909 mpaka 1959|Ripabuliki ya Cuba (1902-1959)|other uses|Cuba (disambiguation)}}{{coord|22|00|N|80|00|W|display=title}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Ripabuliki ya Cuba | common_name = Cuba | native_name = {{native name|es|República de Cuba}} | image_flag = Flag of Cuba.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Cuba.svg | alt_coat = A shield in front of a Fasces crowned by the Phrygian Cap, all supported by an oak branch and a laurel wreath | symbol_type = Coat of arms | national_motto = {{lang|es|[[¡Patria o Muerte, Venceremos!]]}}<br />("Homeland or Death, We Shall Overcome!"){{lower|0.2em|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bc.gob.cu/english/cuban_bills.asp |title=Cuban Peso Bills |publisher=Central Bank of Cuba |date=2015 |access-date=14 February 2017 |archive-date=26 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926193856/http://www.bc.gob.cu/English/cuban_bills.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref><!--end lower:-->}} | national_anthem = {{lang|es|[[La Bayamesa]]}}<br />{{raise|0.2em|("The Bayamo Song"){{lower|0.2em|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mipais.cuba.cu/cat_en.php?idcat=91&idpadre=83&nivel=2 |title=National symbols |publisher=Government of Cuba |access-date=7 September 2009}}</ref><!--end lower:-->}}<!--end raise:-->}}<br />{{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Cuban national anthem (abridged version), performed by the U.S. Navy Band.oga]]}} | image_map = CUB orthographic.svg | image_map2 = | alt_map = | map_caption = Cuba shown in dark green | capital = [[Havana]] | coordinates = {{coord|23|8|N|82|23|W|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | official_languages = [[Cuban Spanish|Spanish]] | languages2 = [[Haitian Creole]]<br />[[English language|English]] | languages2_type = Other spoken languages | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 64.1% [[Cubans#White or European, Criollo|White]] | 26.6% [[Multiracial people|mixed]] | 9.3% [[Afro-Cubans|Black]] }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2012 | ethnic_groups_ref = {{efn|Data represents racial self-identification from Cuba's 2012 national census}}<ref name=CIA>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cuba/ |title=Central America :: Cuba — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency |publisher=Cia.gov |access-date=28 September 2021}}</ref> | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |58.9% [[Christianity in Cuba|Christianity]] |23.2% [[Irreligion in Latin America|no religion]] |17.6% [[folk religion]]s |0.3% other}} | religion_year = 2020 | religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cuba/|title=Cuba - The World Factbook|website=www.cia.gov|date=6 October 2021}}</ref> | demonym = [[Cubans|Cuban]] | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Communist state|Marxist–Leninist]] [[One-party state|one-party]] [[Socialist state|socialist]] [[republic]]<ref name=constitution>{{cite web |title=The Constitution of the Republic of Cuba, 1976 (as Amended to 2002) |url=http://www.constitutionnet.org/files/Cuba%20Constitution.pdf |publisher=National Assembly of People's Power |access-date=18 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117013359/http://www.constitutionnet.org/files/Cuba%20Constitution.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2013}}<br />For discussion of the 1992 amendments, see {{Harvnb|Domínguez|2003}}.</ref> | leader_title1 = [[President of Cuba|President]] and [[First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba|First Secretary]]{{efn|Cuba is a [[One-party state|one party]] [[Marxist–Leninist]] [[communist state]]. The most powerful political position is [[First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba]], not [[President of Cuba|President]]. The first secretary controls the [[Politburo of the Communist Party of Cuba|Politburo]] and the [[Secretariat of the Communist Party of Cuba|Secretariat]], Cuba's top decision-making bodies, making the officeholder ''de facto'' leader of Cuba.}} | leader_name1 = [[Miguel Díaz-Canel]] | leader_title2 = {{nowrap|[[Vice President of Cuba|Vice President]]}} | leader_name2 = [[Salvador Valdés Mesa]] | leader_title3 = [[Prime Minister of Cuba|Prime Minister]] | leader_name3 = {{nowrap|[[Manuel Marrero Cruz]]}} | leader_title4 = [[List of presidents of the National Assembly of People's Power (Cuba)|National Assembly President]] | leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Esteban Lazo Hernández]]}} | legislature = [[National Assembly of People's Power]] | sovereignty_type = Independence | sovereignty_note = from [[Spain]] and the [[United States]] | established_event1 = [[Aponte Conspiracy|Slaves rebellion]]<hr/>[[Ten Years' War|Declaration of Independence]] | established_date1 = 11 March 1812<hr/>10 October 1868 | established_event2 = [[Cuban War of Independence|War of Independence]] | established_date2 = 24 February 1895 | established_event3 = [[Treaty of Paris (1898)|Recognized]] (Handed over to the United States from Spain) | established_date3 = 10 December 1898 | established_event4 = [[Republic of Cuba (1902-1959)|Republic]] declared (Independence from United States) | established_date4 = 20 May 1902 | established_event5 = [[Cuban Revolution]] | established_date5 = 26 July 1953 – 1 January 1959 | established_event6 = [[Constitution of Cuba#2019 Constitution|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 10 April 2019 | area_km2 = 109,884<!-- Land area should match [[Geography of Cuba]] --> | area_rank = 104th <!-- Area rank should match [[Geography of Cuba]] --> | area_sq_mi = 42,427 <!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--> | percent_water = 0 <!-- Should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | population_estimate ={{DecreaseNeutral}} 11,008,112<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Cuba|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_estimate_rank = 84th | population_census = 11,113,215<ref>{{cite web |title=Indicadores Demográficos por provincias y municipios 2021 |url=http://www.onei.gob.cu/node/13815 |publisher=Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Information República de Cuba |access-date=29 June 2022 |language=es}}</ref> | population_census_year = 2021 | population_census_rank = 83rd | population_density_km2 = 101.8 | population_density_sq_mi = 263.6 <!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--> | population_density_rank = 80th | GDP_PPP = $254.865 billion<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=World Bank GDP PPP 2015, 28 April 2017 PDF|url=https://archive.org/details/GDPPPP1|access-date=18 January 2018}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2015 | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $22,237<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{cite web|title=World Bank total population of Cuba in 2015 (GDP PPP divided by Population data)|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?end=2015&locations=CU&start=1960|access-date=18 January 2018}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $107.352 billion<ref name=C>{{cite web |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/Basic |title=Basic Data Selection |publisher=United Nations |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref> | GDP_nominal_year = 2020 | GDP_nominal_rank = 60th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $9,478<ref name=C/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 84th | Gini = 38.0 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2000 | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite news |title=Cuba grapples with growing inequality |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cuba-reform-inequality-idUSN1033501920080410 |access-date=21 July 2013 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.764 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2021 <!--Please use the year to which the HDI data refers, not the year of publication--> | HDI_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web |title=Human Development Report 2021/2022 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 83rd<!--Please see talk page before adding a reference here again--> | currency = [[Cuban peso]] | currency_code = CUP | time_zone = [[UTC−05:00|CST]] | utc_offset = −5 | utc_offset_DST = −4 | time_zone_DST = [[UTC−04:00|CDT]] | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Cuba|+53]] | cctld = [[.cu]] }} '''Cuba''' (/ˈkjuːbə/ KEW-bə, [[Chiyowoyelo cha Spanish]]: [ˈkuβa], mwakuchemeka ''Ripabukili ya Cuba'' ('''Chiyowoyelo cha Spanish''': [[República de Cuba]] [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈkuβa] ntchalo chakuzingilizgika na manji icho china [[Nkhaska ya Cuba]],na [[Isla de la Juventud]] kweneso na [[tunkhunkha]] tuchoko tunandi uto tuli musi ,wake.Cuba wali ku mpoto kwa nyanja ikulu ya Caribbean, [[Gulf ya Mexico]], na nyanja ikulu ya [[Atlantic]] apo vikukumana. Cuba walikukhala za kumafumilo gha dazi gha [[Yucatán Peninsula]] ([[Mexico]]), kummwela kwa Nthavwa ya United States ya [[Florida]] na [[Bahamas]], ku manjililo gha dazi gha Hispaniola ([[Haiti]]/[[Dominican Republic]]), na kumpoto kwa [[Jamaica]] na [[Cayman Islands]]. [[Havana]] ndiwo musumba ukulu kweneso msumba wa boma;kusazgapo misumba inyake nga ni Santiago de Cuba na [[Camagüey]]. Malo chaiwo gha charu cha Cuba ni 109,884 km² (42,426 sq mi) (kwambula malo ghanyake gha maji). Nkhaska ikulu ya charu cha Cuba kweneso mu [[Caribbean]] ni Nthaska ya Cuba, iyo ina usani wa 104,556 km² (40,369 sq mi).Cuba ntchalo chachiŵili chakumanyikwa mu Caribbean pafuma Haiti,na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 11 miliyoni.<ref name="BBC profile">{{cite news |title=Cuba profile: Facts |date=13 September 2012 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-19583446 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |access-date= 22 Malichi 2023}}</ref> Chigaŵa icho sono chikuchemeka Cuba chikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵa Chiboney kwambira mu vyaka vya m'ma 4 B.C.E. na ŵanthu ŵa [[Guanahatabey]] na [[Taino]]. <ref>Allaire, p. 678</ref> Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500, charu ichi chikaŵa mu ufumu wa Spain, ndipo mu 1886, ukapolo ukafumiskika. Charu ichi chikakhala mu ufumu wa Spain m'paka apo nkhondo ya Spain na America yikambira mu 1898. Mu 1940, charu cha Cuba chikapanga dango liphya la boma la charu ichi, kweni masuzgo gha ndyali ghakafika pachanya mu 1952 apo boma la Cuba likawukira boma la Fulgencio Batista.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date=6 October 1960 |title=Remarks of Senator John F. Kennedy at Democratic Dinner, Cincinnati, Ohio |url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Research/Research-Aids/JFK-Speeches/Cincinnati-OH_19601006-Democratic-Dinner.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504161136/https://www.jfklibrary.org/archives/other-resources/john-f-kennedy-speeches/cincinnati-oh-19601006-democratic-dinner |archive-date=May 4, 2020 |access-date=14 February 2017 |publisher=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum}}</ref> Chipani ichi chikathereskeka mu Janyuwale 1959 na gulu la [[26th July Movement]] pa nyengo ya [[Cuban Revolution]], ilo pamanyuma likakhazikiska boma la chikomyunizimu pasi pa [[Fidel Castro]].<ref name="britannica-castro">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fidel-Castro|title=Fidel Castro|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=26 June 2017|quote=Castro created a one-party government to exercise dictatorial control over all aspects of Cuba's political, economic, and cultural life. All political dissent and opposition were ruthlessly suppressed}}</ref><ref name="gonzalo-castro">{{cite book |last=Fernández |first=Gonzalo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5fbhSQKuMj0C |title=Cuba's Primer – Castro's Earring Economy |year=2009 |isbn=9780557065738 |quote=The number of individuals who have been jailed or deprived of their freedom in labor camps over the 50 years of Castro's dictatorship is estimated at around 200,000}}</ref><ref name="dw-castro">{{cite web |last=Sand |first=Sonila |date=26 November 2016 |title=Cuba's hero and dictator, dead at 90 |url=http://www.dw.com/en/fidel-castro-cubas-hero-and-dictator/a-36532751 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816232904/https://www.dw.com/en/fidel-castro-cubas-hero-and-dictator/a-36532751 |archive-date=Aug 16, 2022 |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref> Charu ichi chikaŵa chakususkana chomene pa nyengo ya Nkhondo ya Charu cha [[Soviet Union]] na [[United States]], ndipo nkhondo ya nyukiliya yikakhala pachoko kuti yambike pa nyengo ya [[Cuban Missile Crisis]] mu 1962.<ref>{{cite book |title=Parameters: Journal of the US Army War College |date=1977 |publisher=U.S. Army War College |page=13 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kMdLAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA13}}</ref> Panyuma pa kupasuka kwa Soviet Union, Cuba wakasangana na suzgo likuru la vya cuma mu ma 1990, ilo likamanyikwa kuti nyengo yapadera. Mu chaka cha 2008, Fidel Castro wakafumapo pa udindo wake pamanyuma pa vyaka 49 vya kuwusa charu cha Cuba ndipo wakasintha na munung'una wake [[Raúl Castro]]. Panyuma pa kupasuka kwa Soviet Union, Cuba wakasangana na suzgo likuru la vya cuma mu ma 1990, ilo likamanyikwa kuti nyengo yapadera. Mu chaka cha 2008, Fidel Castro wakafumapo pa udindo wake pamanyuma pa vyaka 49 vya kuwusa charu cha Cuba ndipo wakasintha na munung'una wake Raúl Castro. <ref>{{cite book |last1=Levitsky |first1=Steven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NZDI05p1PDgC&pg=PA361 |title=Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War |last2=Way |first2=Lucan A. |date=2010-08-16 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-139-49148-8 |pages=361–363}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lachapelle|first1=Jean|last2=Levitsky|first2=Steven|last3=Way|first3=Lucan A.|last4=Casey|first4=Adam E.|date=2020|title=Social Revolution and Authoritarian Durability|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/world-politics/article/abs/social-revolution-and-authoritarian-durability/B62A931E63978E8B8466225EC123D2A9|journal=World Politics|volume=72|issue=4|pages=557–600|doi=10.1017/S0043887120000106|s2cid=225096277|issn=0043-8871}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Hawkins|first=Darren|date=2001|title=Democratization Theory and Nontransitions: Insights from Cuba|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/422443|journal=Comparative Politics|volume=33|issue=4|pages=441–461|doi=10.2307/422443|jstor=422443|issn=0010-4159}}</ref> Censorship ya nkhani (kuphatikizapo malire pa intaneti) njakusazgikira, <ref>{{Cite web|last=Stein|first=Elizabeth Ann|date=2016|title=Information and Civil Unrest in Dictatorships|url=https://oxfordre.com/politics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228637-e-35|website=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.35|isbn=978-0-19-022863-7}}</ref><ref name="HRW-Cuba-III-1999">{{Cite book|date=June 1999|title=Impediments to Human rights in Cuban Law (Part III)|url=https://archive.org/details/cubasrepressivem00huma|url-access=registration|access-date=7 August 2012|work=Cuba's Repressive Machinery: Human Rights Forty Years After the Revolution|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=1-56432-234-3}}</ref><ref name="Michael C. Moynihan">{{Cite web |last=Moynihan |first=Michael C. |date=22 February 2008 |title=Still Stuck on Castro - How the press handled a tyrant's farewell |url=http://www.reason.com/news/show/125095.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120920/http://www.reason.com/news/show/125095.html |archive-date=20 September 2012 |access-date=25 March 2009 |website=Reason.com}}</ref> Ndipo nyuzipepara yakujiyimira payekha yikuyuzgika mu Cuba; <ref>{{Cite web|date=3 October 2006|title=62nd General Assembly Reports: Cuba|url=http://www.sipiapa.com/v4/det_informe.php?asamblea=3&infoid=62&idioma=us|access-date=6 August 2012|publisher=Inter American Press Association}}</ref> Wupu wa [[Reporters Without Borders]] ukuti charu cha Cuba nchimoza mwa vyaru viheni comene pa caru cose pa nkhani ya wanangwa wa mdauko. <ref name="Press Freedom Index 2015">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150212093137if_/http://index.rsf.org/#!/ "Press Freedom Index 2015"], Reporters Without Borders. Retrieved 12 November 2015</ref><ref>{{cite web|year=2008|title=Press Freedom Index 2008|url=http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/cl_en_2008.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303221403/http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/cl_en_2008.pdf|archive-date=2009-03-03|publisher=Reporters Without Borders}}</ref> == Kwiza kwa zina == ''wonaniso'' : ''[[Ripabuliki ya Cuba (1902-1959)]]'' Ŵalembi mbili ŵanandi ŵanachigomezgo kuti zina lakuti ''Cuba'' lilikufumila mu [[chiyowoyelo cha Taino]] nangauli vikumanyikwa chala kuti ghakatoleka ku mazgo ghakuti uli gha mu chiyowoyelo chenechicho.Ching'anamulo cha Cuba chikumanyikwa makola chala,nangauli mang'anamulilo ghanyake ghangaŵa ghakuti: "apo pali nthaka inandi" ''([[cubao]]),'' panji "malo ghawemi"''([[coabana]])''.Ŵalembi ŵanandi awo wakugomezga kuti [[Christopher Columbus]] wakaŵa mu Portuguese ŵakuyowoya zakuti Cuba wakathyeka na Columbus kuthya msumba wa Cuba mu boma la Beja ku [[Portugal]]. === Nyengo yakwamba ya Columbia === [[File:Hatuey monument, Baracoa, Cuba.JPG|left|thumb|Chithuzi cha [[Hatuey]], fumu yakale ya [[Taíno]] ya Cuba]] Mu malo gha [[Caribbean]],agho ni malo ghaumalilo ghakupona gha nyengo ya chiyamwaka iyo kukaŵa vinyama vikulu vikulu,vikakhalanga mu Cuba chomene pambele 2660 [[BCE]] ([[Pambele Fumu Yesu Indababike]]).Pambele ma Spanish ghandize,Cuba wakaŵa na mitundu iŵili ya ŵanthu ŵakwamba ŵa mtundu wachi [[America|Amelika]] : ŵanthu ŵa Taíno (kusazgapo [[ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Ciboney]]), na [[Guanahatabey|mtundu ŵanthu wa Guanahatabey]]. Ŵapapi ŵa mtundu wa ŵanthu wa [[Taino]] wakafuma ku malo ghakulu gha Amelika Wakumpoto,kale chomene mu nyengo ya 5,000 BP(Siku lambula kukhazikiskika makola).Ŵa Taino ŵakiza kufuma ku [[Hispaniola]] mu nyengo inyake mu chikwi chachitatu A.D.(Fumu Yesu Yati Yafwa).Columbus wati wakafika wakasanga chiŵelengelo cha ŵanthu aŵa chakukwana 150,000 mu Cuba. Vikumanyikwa chala za mizilo ya mtundu wa ŵanthu wa [[Guanahatabey]] mu Cuba kweneso kuti ka pakwamba ŵakaŵa na chiyowoyelo na mwambo mbu kuuskako wa Taino.Pali ganizo lakuti ŵagogo ŵa ŵagogo ŵawo ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵachi Taino ŵwakwamba ŵa [[Antilles Mukulu]]. ŴaTaíno ŵakaŵa ŵalimi,wokola somba kweneso ŵakusola vipaso na kusaka nyama. === Ulamulilo wa Spanish (1492–1898) === Wati wiza pa nkhaska yakuchemeka [[Guanahani]], [[Bahamas]],pa 12 Okutobala mu chaka cha 1492, [[Christopher Columbus]] wakalamulila sitima zake zitatu : ''[[La Pinta,]]'' ''[[La Niña]]'' na ''[[Santa María]]'',kusanga Cuba pa 27 Okutobala 11492,nakufika ku mpoto kwa mafumilo gha dazi mumphepete mwa nyanja pa 28 Okutobala.(Apa pakaŵa pafupi na Bariay, Chigaŵa cha Holguín.) Columbus wakatola nkhaska(Island) ya Ufumu Uphya wa Spain na kuuthya ''Isla Juana'' kutola zina la John, Fumu ya Asturias. [[File:DiegoVelazquezCuellar.jpg|thumb|[[Diego Velázquez]] de Cuéllar, conquistador wa Cuba|267x267px]] Mu 1511, chikhaze chakwamba cha Spanish chikasangika na [[Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar]] pa Baracoa.Vyakuzengeka vinyake vikayambapo kupangika,kusazgapo [[San Cristobal de la Haban|San Cristobal de la Habana]],kusangika mu 1515, paumalilo ukaŵs msumba wa charu.Ŵanthu ŵa Taino ŵakachichizgika mwambula kukhumba kugwila ntchito yakuzenga malo,iyo ni nthowa yakukozgana na iyo ikachitikanga ku [[Yulaya]]. Pati pajumpha vyaka 100,mtundu wa ŵanthu vakuchita kuŵasanga ukamala wose na vifukwa vingapo chomene matenda ghakuchita kwiza na ŵazungu,na kugwiliskana ntchito mwa ukapolo. Mu 1529, nthenda ya [[measles]] mu Cuba iyo ikakoma ŵanthu awo ŵwakaŵa kuti ŵapona kale ku vinandi nga ni nthenda ya [[smallpox]]. Pa 18 Meyi 1539, conquistador [[Hernando de Soto]] wakauka ulendo kufuma ku Havana na ŵalondezgi 600 kuya ku Amelika wa Kummwela kwa Mafumilo gha Dazi,kwambila [[Florida]],kupeja malibwe gha golide,nkhongono na kumanyika,kweneso na vakuzilwa vinyake.treasure. Pa 1 Sekutembala 1548, [[Dr. Gonzalo Perez de Angulo]] wakasankhika kuŵa mlala wa boma(governor) la Cuba.Wakafika mu Santiago, Cuba, pa 4 Novembala 1549, nakwamba kukhazikiska umoza wa ŵanthu wose. Wakaŵa waboma wakwamba (governor ) kukhala ku Havanamumalo mwakukhala ku [[Santiago]],ndipo wakazenga [[Tchalitchi lakwamba la Havana]] lakupangika na [[masonry]]. === Mlimo wakukhumba kujilamulila === [[File:Carlos Manuel de Cespedes.jpg|thumb|311x311px|<small>[[Carlos Manuel de Céspedes]] kumanyikwaso kuti ''[[Dada wa Chikaya cha Cuba]]'' uyo wakatchaila nkhondo charu cha Cuba kuti chiyambe kujilamulila pachekha mu chaka cha 1868 kufuma mu ulamulilo wa charu cha Spain.</small>]] [[File:Calixto García and William Ludlow in Cuba, 1898.jpg|thumb|213x213px|[[Calixto García]], mlala wa Cuban separatist rebels kumalyelo) na [[U.S.]] Brigadier General [[William Ludlow]] (Cuba, 1898)]] Kujilamulila kukulu kufuma mu nkhongono ya charu cha [[Spain]] chikaŵa chakulinga icho ŵanandi ŵakachitola ngati nkhudelela mu 1868 uko kukadangililika na mpandi Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. De Céspedes,mpandi zinde,wakafwatula ŵakapolo ŵake wose kuti ŵakamuvwile ku nkhondo kuthaska Cuba mu ulamulilo wa Spain.Pa 27 Disembala 1868,wakalemba chikalakala (kalata) chakuyowoya kuti waliyose uyo wana mukaplo wakuti wamuvwila ku nkhani ya nkhondo waŵe wakumasuka mu mayendelo,nangauli wachali kapolo.Vyakulondezga vya mu 1868 kukapangiska kuti kuŵe chongo chikulu kweneso chakumala nyengo itali chakuchemeka pa chingelezi '[[Ten Years’ War]]'. Chiŵelengelo chinandi cha ŵanthu ŵakukhumba kusintha wakufumila mu charu cha Dominican Republic na vyaru vinyakhe kweneso na ma Chinese ghakatolapo luwande pakujoina pa vyakuchitika.Charu cha United States chikakana kuzomelezga za kupangika kwa boma liphya la Cuba kusazgapo vyaru vinyake vya chilwa cha Yulaya na Latini Amelika (navoso vikakana).Mu 1878,[[Pact of Zanjón]] ukamazga vyongo ivi ,ndipo charu cha Spain chikalonjeza ntchindi na ubwezi na Cuba. Mu 1879–1880 ,mutchaila ufulu chalo [[Calixto García]] wakayezgaso kuyambiska nkhond inyake iyo pa chingelezi ikachemeka kuti [[Little War]] kwene wakatondeka kupokela wovwili unandi wakufuma ku ŵanthu na magulu ghanyake.'''[[Ukapolo]] mu charu cha Cuba ukamala mu chaka cha 1875''' nangauli kumala kwenecho kukaŵa mu 1886.Munthu wakudikizgika mu charu chake uyo wakizaso, zina lake [[Osé Martí|José Martí]] wakayambiska chipani chakuchemeka [[Cuban Revolutionary Party]] mu [[New York]] mu 1892.Chilato cha chipani ichi kukaŵa kujitchaila nkhondo kuti charu cha Cuba chiukemo mu ulamulilo wa charu cha Spain.Mu Janyuwale,Martí wakaluta ku [[Monte Cristi]] na [[Santo Domingo]] mu charu cha [[Dominican Republic]] kukajoina vyakuchitika vya [[Máximo Gómez]]. Martí wakalemba maganizo ghake gha vya ndale mu ''[[Manifesto of Montecristi]]''.Kutchaya nkhondo na ŵasilikali ŵa Spain kukayamba pa 24 Febuluwale 1895,nangauli Marti wakatondeka kufika ku Cuba ndipo wakafika mu 11 Epulelo 1895.Marti wakakomeka mu nkhondo iyo pachizungu ikuchemeka [[Battle of Dos Rios]] pa 19 Meyi 1895.Nyifwa yake ikakhala mbili ya chikanga ya charu cha Cuba. === Mitundu ya Ŵanthu (Ethnoracial groups) === ''Wonaniso'' : [[ChiSpanish]] {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="5" |Chiŵelengelo cha mitundu ya ŵanthu mu 2012 (2012 Cuban census data) |- | colspan="2" |'''MTUNDU''' | | colspan="2" |'''CHIŴELENGELO''' |- | colspan="2" |Ŵazungu (White) |  | colspan="2" |64.1% |- | colspan="2" |Ŵosazgikana (Mulatto) |  | colspan="2" |26.6% |- | colspan="2" |Ŵafipa (Black) |  | colspan="2" |9.3% |} == Wonaniso == * [[Ripabuliki ya Cuba (1902-1959)]] * [[Chidindo cha Cuba]] * [[Malo na vyachilengiwa vya Cuba]] ==Ukaboni== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Cuba| ]] epr1zx0akqwwbpjrbaw8dq9by4p9y2s 0 7044 121729 119616 2026-09-06T04:54:07Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox website | name = Wikipediya | logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|upright=0.68|frameless|center|Chibulumutuzga chambura kumara chakupangika na vipande vikuru, vituŵa vya jigsaw puzzle. Chigaŵa chilichose cha puzzle chili na [[glyph]] yimoza kufuma ku [[ndondomeko yakulembera]] yakupambanapambana, ndipo glyph yiliyose yalembeka na mtundu ufipa.]] | screenshot = Wikipediya Portal Screenshot (2022).svg{{!}}border | screenshot_alt = Portal ya Wikipediya yakulongora viyowoyero vyakupambanapambana vyakupangwa mwakulondezgana na unandi wa nkhani | caption = Tsamba lakwamba la Wikipediya pa desktop mu 2022 | collapsible = yes | type = [[Ensaikulopidiya ya pa intaneti]] | language_count = {{NUMBEROF|active|Wikipedia}} | language_footnote = {{efn|Pali ma edition gha Wikipediya {{NUMBEROF|active|Wikipedia}} agho ghakugwira ntchito, kweni ichi chikung'anamura yayi kuti pali viyowoyero vyapadera {{NUMBEROF|active|Wikipedia}}. Mwachiyelezgero, pali edition ya Chingelezi na edition ya Simple English, ma edition ghakupambanapambana gha Chibelarusi (ghakugwiliskira ntchito [[Narkamaŭka]] na [[Taraškievica]] orthographies), ma edition ghakupambanapambana gha Chinorway (ghakugwiliskira ntchito [[Nynorsk]] na [[Bokmål]] orthographies), na vinyake.<br />Kusazgirapo apo, pali ma edition gha Wikipediya {{NUMBEROF|closed|Wikipedia}} agho ghali kujalika, mu viyowoyero ivyo vilije ŵakuyowoya ŵakukwana kuti vilutilire (mwachiyelezgero, [[Chiyowoyero cha Marshallese|Marshallese]] na [[Chiyowoyero cha Akan|Akan]]). Ma edition ghanayi ghakafumiskikathu (vyakuyeruzgapo ni [[:meta:Proposals for closing projects/Deletion of Moldovan Wikipedia 2|Wikipediya ya Moldovia]] na [[:meta:Proposals for closing projects/Deletion of Siberian Wikipedia|Wikipediya ya Siberia]])}}{{efn|Pa viyowoyero vinyake ivyo vili pafupi kumara, nga ni [[Chiyowoyero cha Manchu]], palije edition ya Wikipediya iyo yili kupangikapo.}} | predecessor = [[Nupediya]] | headquarters = [[San Francisco]], California, US | country_of_origin = United States | area_served = Charu chose (kupatulako [[China]], [[Myanmar]], na [[North Korea]]) | owner = [[Wikimidiya Foundation]] (kwambira mu 2003) | authors = {{hlist|[[Jimmy Wales]]|[[Larry Sanger]]}} | url = {{URL|https://wikipedia.org}} | ipv6 = Yikovwirika | commercial = Yayi | registration = Yakusankha{{efn|Kulembeska nkhwakukhumbikwa pa milimo yinyake, nga nkhusintha [[#Vakugega|mapeji ghakovirikilika]], kupanga mapeji pa Wikipedia ya Chingelezi, na kukwezga mafayilo.}} | num_users = {{format price|{{NUMBEROF|USERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}} (kufika pa {{Date|2=MDY}}) | launch_date = {{Start date and age|2001}} | current_status = Yichali kugwira ntchito | content_license = [[Creative Commons license|Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike]] 4.0{{efn|Malemba ghanandi ghali na layisensi yiŵiri pamoza na [[GNU Free Documentation License|GFDL]]; layisensi ya media yikupambana.}} | oclc = 52075003 | programming_language = <!-- None, the programming language is a property of MediaWiki --> }} '''Wikipediya''' ni nkhokwe ya vinjeru ya ulere ya pa internet iyo ikayambika mu chaka cha 2001. Waliyose wangasintha vyakulembeka va pa nkhokwe iyi nyengo iliyose, kulikose, palipose. Pakwamba Wikipediya yikaŵa mu [[ChiNgelezi]] pera, kweni sono yakura na kuŵa na viyowoyero vyakujumpha 300 ndipo njimoza mwa mawebusayiti agho ŵanthu ŵakulutako chomene pa charu chose kufuma mu 2026.{{citation needed}} Wikipediya yalumbanizgika chifukwa chakuti yikovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵamanye vinthu mwa demokilase ndiposo chifukwa chakuti yikulongosora chomene nkhani zakupambanapambana, kapangikiro ka vinthu vya mukati na chikhalidwe. Wikipediya yaseŵezeskeka na maboma ghanyake gha vyaru, kufuma pa masamba ghanyake mpaka pa webusayiti yose, nyengo zinyake chifukwa chakuti yikususka boma panji chifukwa cha ivyo vikuwoneka kuti ni vyakunyoza Chiuta.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Treisman |first=Rachel |date=April 1, 2022 |title=Russia threatens to fine Wikipedia if it doesn't remove some details about the war |work=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1090279187/russia-wikipedia-fine|url-status=live|access-date=January 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202215844/https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1090279187/russia-wikipedia-fine|archive-date=December 2, 2022}}</ref> Wikipediya iyi yasuskikaso chifukwa cha kusankhana kwa ndondomeko, nga nkhusankhana kwa ŵanalume na ŵanakazi na kusankhana kwa malo gha Global South.<ref>{{cite news |last=Noor |first=Poppy |title=Wikipedia biases |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/29/the-five-wikipedia-biases-pro-western-male-dominated |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=May 31, 2024 |date=July 29, 2018 |author-link=Poppy Noor |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109040056/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/29/the-five-wikipedia-biases-pro-western-male-dominated |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hern |first1=Alex |title=Wikipedia's view of the world is written by the west |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/sep/15/wikipedia-view-of-the-world-is-still-written-by-the-west |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=May 31, 2024 |date=September 15, 2015}}</ref> Kugomezgeka kwa Wikipediya kukasuskika kanandi waka mu vilimika vya m’ma 2000, kweni ŵanthu ŵakalumba chomene kufuma kuumaliro wa vilimika vya m’ma 2010 kuya munthazi.<ref name="Last best">{{cite news |last1=Cooke |first1=Richard |date=February 17, 2020 |title=Wikipedia Is the Last Best Place on the Internet |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |url=https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedia-online-encyclopedia-best-place-internet/|url-access=limited|access-date=October 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221217081500/https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedia-online-encyclopedia-best-place-internet/|archive-date=December 17, 2022}}</ref> Nkhani za pa Wikipedia mu ChiNgelezi zakukhwaskana na nkhani zasonosono zikusangika kanandi waka nga ni magwero ghakusangirapo uthenga wasonosono na ŵanandi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Samantha Murphy |date=May 20, 2022 |title=Meet the Wikipedia editor who published the Buffalo shooting entry minutes after it started |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/20/tech/wikipedia-editors-breaking-news/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012001310/https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/20/tech/wikipedia-editors-breaking-news/index.html|archive-date=October 12, 2022|access-date=May 24, 2022 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last= McNamee |first= Kai |date=September 15, 2022 |title= Fastest 'was' in the West: Inside Wikipedia's race to cover the queen's death |publisher= [[NPR]] |url= https://www.npr.org/2022/09/15/1122943829/wikipedia--queen-elizabeth-ii-death-deaditors-editors-article |url-status= live| access-date= January 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230115033202/https://www.npr.org/2022/09/15/1122943829/wikipedia--queen-elizabeth-ii-death-deaditors-editors-article |archive-date= January 15, 2023}}</ref> ==Kusintha mwakukolerana== ===Kuwoneseska ivyo vyasintha=== [[File:Wikipedia_editing_interface.png|thumb|Thepo lakusintha la Wikipediya|300px]] Nangauli ivyo vyasintha vikuwoneseska yayi mwa ndondomeko, kweni pulogiramu ya Wikipediya yikupereka vipangizo ivyo vikuzomerezga waliyose kuti wawone ivyo ŵanyake ŵasintha. Thepo la Kuona umo mayambilo la nkhani yiliyose likulongosora umo nkhani yiliyose yikusinthira.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070925220722/https://w3.linux-magazine.com/issue/51/Wikipedia_Encyclopedia.pdf</ref> Pa nkhani zinandi, waliyose wangawona ivyo vyasintha sonosono apa na kuwuskapo ivyo ŵanyake ŵasintha mwa kudodoliska pa linki iyo yili pa hamba la Kuona umo mayambilo la nkhani iyo. ===Kunanga vinthu=== Kusintha kulikose uko kukunanga dala masamba gha Wikipediya kukuwoneka kuti kunanga vinthu.<ref>https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1508&context=cis_papers</ref> ==Viyowoyero vinyake== Pasono pali mabuku gha viyowoyero 348 gha Wikipediya, kufuma mu Julayi 2026.<ref>https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles</ref> == Vilembo vifupi == {{reflist}} == Vyakukumbuska == {{Notelist|30em}} [[Category:Wikipediya]] [[Category:Wikimidiya]] 95jd1giinif6w94v52p2oqwmeuj5ew7 3 11298 121722 117729 2026-09-06T04:27:55Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{User:MiszaBot/config |maxarchivesize = 250K |counter = 16 |algo = old(48h) |archive = User talk:CubanoBoi/Archive %(counter)d |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 4 }} {{Archives}} <!--- New sections go at the BOTTOM of the page ---> == CONGRATS == [[File:Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar_Hires.gif|thumb|A tireless barnstar for you for being one of the tireless contributors on tumwiki. Your presence here is such a miracle. Keep the good work. Mukugwila ntchito iwemi chomene pa Wikipedia iyi, chonde pitilizgani. Yewo chomene]]---[[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 23:10, 26 Malichi 2023 (UTC) == Main page articles == @[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]], the articles on 31-days loop showing on the '''home page''' are outdated. If you ever find time, may you please replace with any new articles. You don't have to do(update) all of them, but just the few you can manage to. The thing is that you can add any article, be it a river from Malawi/Zambia/Tanzania, a town/history/municipality in Cuba, a state in USA, a president from Mexico, etc. It doesn't '''always''' has to be about Tumbuka related, though at least adding one or two about Tumbuka-related is recommended. The home page is not edited through home page, but from [https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Chikaya_chikulu here]. The '''today's pictures articles''' to change are located [https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Chithuzi_cha_mwahuno_mu_ChiTumbuka here] (list) while the individual page [https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Chithuzi_cha_mwahuno_mu_ChiTumbuka/29 is like this]. <br> The '''vital articles''' on main page are [[:Category:Wikipedia:Nkhani yamwahuno mu ChiTumbuka|found here]] (as list), but an individual page can be found [https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Nkhani_yamwahuno_mu_ChiTumbuka/29 here]. Yewo chomene/gracias.--- [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 08:00, 4 Ogasiti 2025 (UTC) :Okay, thanks for letting me know! [[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] [[File:Flag of Cuba (3-2).svg|20px|link=special:Contributions/CubanoBoi]] [[File:Coat of arms of Cuba.svg|20px|link=User talk:CubanoBoi]] 13:56, 4 Ogasiti 2025 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:17, 28 Epulelo 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472541 --> == Notice of expiration of your sysop right == <div dir="ltr">Hi, as part of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]], this is an automated reminder to let you know that your permission "sysop" (Administrators) will expire on 2026-06-12 07:53:51. Please renew this right if you would like to continue using it. <i>In other languages: [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot/Messages/default|click here]]</i> [[User:Leaderbot|Leaderbot]] ([[User talk:Leaderbot|pakuchezgela]]) 19:42, 5 Juni 2026 (UTC)</div> == Join Wikimedia Community User Group Malawi == Hello @[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] '''Wikimedia Community User Group Malawi''' welcomes Wikimedia contributors from Malawi and contributors interested in Malawi-related knowledge to participate in building a stronger Wikimedia community. We invite contributors from Tumbuka, English and Chewa Wikipedias, Wikimedia Commons, Wikidata, and other Wikimedia projects to become participating members of the community. If you would like to participate: # Visit the [[:Meta:Wikimedia_Community_Malawi/Founding_and_Participating|Founding and Participating Members]] page. # Open the '''Participating members''' section directly: [[:Meta:Wikimedia_Community_User Group Malawi/Founding_and_Participating#List_of_participants]] # Add your Wikimedia username under the list of participating members. # Sign your entry by adding <nowiki>#~~~~</nowiki> after your username. Your participation will help strengthen Wikimedia projects in Malawi, including Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, Wikidata, and Malawian language content. Participants may contribute to community discussions, outreach activities, edit-a-thons, language projects, cultural documentation, and other free knowledge initiatives. Everyone interested in creating, improving, and sharing free knowledge is welcome to participate. Thank you. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 14:17, 19 Julayi 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] add your name there. Thanks. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 09:25, 20 Julayi 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]], Gracias! and here too: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Malawi/Founding_and_Participating ::Another thing is that can you create your userpage on Meta so that it doesn't look "red" which presumes one as a newbie. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 15:16, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) == Let's wake up the Tumbuka Wiktionary. == @[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] Can we please wake this project up? It has been almost 4 years now and it is not yet ready. It only needs few entries to get going. 10 entries from you, me and the lest of other editors then it will be published. We already requested it [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wiktionary_Tumbuka here], the main page is [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wt/tum/Jani_likulu here]. This how its articles [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wt/tum/Malawi look like here], and others are on main page. If it has some entries, I will then post on Meta. See last time I posted there and what the response [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Language_committee/2024#Request_for_Approval_of_Tumbuka_Wiktionary was this]. Thanks. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 17:31, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]], how can I help with this? Also, I have been uploading work from Mapillary of Malawi onto commons for more use on Wikimedia projects ([https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Photographs_of_Malawi_from_Mapillary here]), and I will upload more. Thanks! [[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] [[File:Flag of Cuba (3-2).svg|20px|link=special:Contributions/CubanoBoi]] [[File:Coat of arms of Cuba.svg|20px|link=User talk:CubanoBoi]] 17:41, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] wow! It is amazing! Thank you. I am not familiar with that. Were you actually in Karonga? Or it is just an app, navigation system or..? [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 17:44, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) :::On Tumbuka Tumbuka Wiktionary, just add names of things, and thier meanings. Check on home, there are some examples. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 17:46, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) :::It is all work from https://www.mapillary.com/app/, which all work from it is under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license, so it is free to upload onto commons. I use https://curator.toolforge.org/#/mapillary to upload batches onto commons. I do use Mapillary where I live in Florida, USA, but haven't uploaded much of it onto commons. [[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] [[File:Flag of Cuba (3-2).svg|20px|link=special:Contributions/CubanoBoi]] [[File:Coat of arms of Cuba.svg|20px|link=User talk:CubanoBoi]] 17:47, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] Great! It is just that I haven't really been familiar with that. Thank you for little exp. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 17:49, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Tumbuka Arch|Tumbuka Arch]], I've created these two pages [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/CubanoBoi here], what do you suggest to fix/add if anything? Thanks! [[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] [[File:Flag of Cuba (3-2).svg|20px|link=special:Contributions/CubanoBoi]] [[File:Coat of arms of Cuba.svg|20px|link=User talk:CubanoBoi]] 18:10, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) ::::::@[[User:CubanoBoi|CubanoBoi]] It's just great. [[user:Tumbuka Arch|<span style='color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #191970;'>'''''Tumbuka Arch'''''</span>]][[user talk:Tumbuka Arch|'''<span style='color: #B20000;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>^★_★^★</span>''']] 22:31, 21 Julayi 2026 (UTC) == [[Cuba]] as a potential featured article == Hi. I am letting you know the article [[Cuba]], a page you created or significantly contributed to, may soon be marked as a Featured Article for the Tumbuka Wikipedia. The reviewer, [[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]], left the following message: ''Putting grammatical errors aside, e.g. not putting a space after a comma or fullstop, I believe this article has potential as a Featured Article soon (if more information is added and errors fixed). Please let me know if you object.'' Yewo chomene. '''''[[User:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi]]'''''[[User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi|'''<span style='color: #00008b;background-color: #FFFFFF;'>_★^★_★</span>''']] 04:27, 6 Sekutembala 2026 (UTC) e3lxsjjz9hgwl73iwrzazfoe0xrlgh2 0 13366 121727 110921 2026-09-06T04:52:34Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Removed redirect to [[Template:Wikidata]] 121727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Wikidata''' ni girafu ya chimanyisko cha viyowoyero vinandi iyo yikupangika na [[Wikimidiya Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Chalabi|first=Mona|date=April 26, 2013|title=Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch|access-date=October 2, 2021|archive-date=2 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch|url-status=live}}</ref> Ni mtundu wa data yakujulika iyo yikufumiskika pasi pa [[Creative Commons]] CC0 kujipeleka kwa boma. Ni vyakugwiriskira ncito vyose viŵiri Wikimidiya na mapulojekiti gha kuwaro.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wikimedia.de/wiki/Pressemitteilungen/PM_3_12_Wikidata_EN |title=Data Revolution for Wikipedia |date=March 30, 2012 |publisher=Wikimedia Deutschland |access-date=September 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023170149/http://www.wikimedia.de/wiki/Pressemitteilungen/PM_3_12_Wikidata_EN |archive-date=October 23, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> Wikidata ni wiki iyo yikukhozgeka na pulogiramu ya [[MediaWiki]], kusazgapo kusazgirapo kwake kwa data yakupangika pafupifupi, [[Wikibase]]. Kufuma kukwambilira kwa 2025, Wikidata yikaŵa na mazgu gha vinthu 1.65 biliyoni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grafana |url=https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000175/wikidata-datamodel-statements?orgId=1&refresh=30m |url-status=dead |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=grafana.wikimedia.org |archive-date=27 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240827050109/https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000175/wikidata-datamodel-statements?orgId=1&refresh=30m }}</ref>[[File:Datamodel in Wikidata.svg|thumb|upright=2.74|center|{{center|Chithunzithunzi ichi chikulongora mazgu ghakuzirwa chomene agho ghakugwiriskirika nchito mu Wikidata.}}]] == Ukaboni == <references /> == Malinki gha kuwaro == {{Commons category}}{{Scholia|topic}}{{Wikiquote}} * {{Official website}} * Mavidiyo: [https://media.ccc.de/b/conferences/wikidatacon WikidataCon] pa ''media.ccc.de'' * [https://query.wikidata.org/querybuilder/? Wikidata Query Builder] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Wikidata]] [[Category:Wikimidiya]] kobbi3z0tvs9tqbfat1gm52arl08sph 10 18405 121724 112214 2026-09-06T04:35:49Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121724 wikitext text/x-wiki {| align=center class=toccolours width=100% |<div class="center">[[File:Greek Roman Laurel wreath with branches vector.svg|40px]] <big>'''Tamupokelelani pa Wikipedia ya ChiTumbuka, {{PAGENAME}}!''' [[File:Greek Roman Laurel wreath with branches vector.svg|40px]]</big></div> Tikutemwa kuŵa na ŵanthu ŵaphya awo ŵakovwira pa Wikipedia. Chonde masukani pala pali fumbo lililose, panji pala chilipo icho mukukhumba kumanya. Tikugomezga kuti mukondwenge na malo agha. Yewo chomene. <br> <div style="font-weight:bold; color:blue;"><small>"I don't know Tumbuka Language, I speak English or other but I want to contribute here. What shoud I do?" Please click [[Wikipedia:Embassy|here]] and select your Embassy in your language. If there is no Embassy of your language, please request it so that we create it.</small></div> <nowiki>~~</nowiki><!-- --><nowiki>~~</nowiki>. |}<noinclude> </noinclude> jx4slq6eh6hr4d0dlxhftu68vuc5uvk 121725 121724 2026-09-06T04:36:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121725 wikitext text/x-wiki {| align=center class=toccolours width=100% |<div class="center">[[File:Greek Roman Laurel wreath with branches vector.svg|40px]] <big>'''Tamupokelelani pa Wikipediya ya ChiTumbuka, {{PAGENAME}}!''' [[File:Greek Roman Laurel wreath with branches vector.svg|40px]]</big></div> Tikutemwa kuŵa na ŵanthu ŵaphya awo ŵakovwira pa Wikipedia. Chonde masukani pala pali fumbo lililose, panji pala chilipo icho mukukhumba kumanya. Tikugomezga kuti mukondwenge na malo agha. Yewo chomene. <br> <div style="font-weight:bold; color:blue;"><small>"I don't know Tumbuka Language, I speak English or other but I want to contribute here. What shoud I do?" Please click [[Wikipedia:Embassy|here]] and select your Embassy in your language. If there is no Embassy of your language, please request it so that we create it.</small></div> <nowiki>~~</nowiki><!-- --><nowiki>~~</nowiki>. |}<noinclude> </noinclude> 88ls86yjy0qgtn8mkbyj003bf1mggr0 4 49036 121682 120542 2026-09-05T20:50:36Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala-Disembala |title = [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka|Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka]] |listclass = hlist |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |group1 = [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala|Sekutembala]] |list1 = * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/1|1]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/2|2]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/3|3]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/4|4]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/5|5]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/6|6]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/7|7]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/8|8]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/9|9]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/10|10]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/11|11]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/12|12]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/13|13]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/14|14]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/15|15]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/16|16]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/17|17]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/18|18]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/19|19]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/20|20]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/21|21]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/22|22]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/23|23]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/24|24]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/25|25]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/26|26]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/27|27]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/28|28]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/29|29]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Sekutembala/30|30]] |group2 = [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala|Okutobala]] |list2 = * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/1|1]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/2|2]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/3|3]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/4|4]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/5|5]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/6|6]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/7|7]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/8|8]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/9|9]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/10|10]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/11|11]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/12|12]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/13|13]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/14|14]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/15|15]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/16|16]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/17|17]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/18|18]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/19|19]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/20|20]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/21|21]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/22|22]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/23|23]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/24|24]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/25|25]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/26|26]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/27|27]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/28|28]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/29|29]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/30|30]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Okutobala/31|31]] |group3 = [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala|Novembala]] |list3 = * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/1|1]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/2|2]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/3|3]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/4|4]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/5|5]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/6|6]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/7|7]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/8|8]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/9|9]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/10|10]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/11|11]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/12|12]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/13|13]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/14|14]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/15|15]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/16|16]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/17|17]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/18|18]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/19|19]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/20|20]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/21|21]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/22|22]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/23|23]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/24|24]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/25|25]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/26|26]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/27|27]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/28|28]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/29|29]] * [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu ChiTumbuka/Novembala/30|30]] |group4 = [[Wikipedia:Chithuzi cha mwahuno mu 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ŵanthu/Disembala/17|17]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/18|18]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/19|19]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/20|20]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/21|21]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/22|22]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/23|23]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/24|24]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/25|25]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/26|26]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/27|27]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/28|28]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/29|29]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/30|30]] * [[Wikipedia:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu/Disembala/31|31]] }} cfbh2z52vt7k87cpnet4r8lolyyhkio 4 49486 121683 2026-09-05T21:01:35Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "<div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Mbuti women in Mabukulu, DR Congo.JPG|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaMbuti]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo-Kinshasa]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵali na umoyo wakukolerana chomene na thengele, ndipo ŵakujipwelelera mwa kusaka, kusanga vyakumera, kusodza na kusanga vyakurya vinyake vya mu thengele. ŴaMbuti ŵali na magulu nga [[ŴaEfé|ŴaEfé]], ŴaA..." 121683 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Mbuti women in Mabukulu, DR Congo.JPG|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaMbuti]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo-Kinshasa]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵali na umoyo wakukolerana chomene na thengele, ndipo ŵakujipwelelera mwa kusaka, kusanga vyakumera, kusodza na kusanga vyakurya vinyake vya mu thengele. ŴaMbuti ŵali na magulu nga [[ŴaEfé|ŴaEfé]], [[ŴaAsua]] na magulu ghanyake, ndipo umoyo wawo ukupambana kuyana na malo na ŵanthu awo ŵakukhalira nawo pafupi. Ŵakugwiliskira ntchito vinthu vya mu chilengedwe pa vyakurya, nyumba na vinthu vya zuŵa na zuŵa. Chikhalidwe chawo chikusazga nyimbo, kuvina, kugawana vyakurya na kumanya makora nkhalango. Mazuŵa ghano ŵakukumana na suzgo la kudumulika kwa nkhalango, kupokeka kwa malo, migodi na nkhondo. ŴaMbuti ŵachali na ubwezi wakukhora na nkhalango iyo yakhala nyumba yawo kwa mibadwo yinandi. ([[ŴaMbuti|Nkhani yose...]]) <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Sekutembala]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> mdi6xgriegkf0cevwoe0ih9nss96ri1 0 49487 121684 2026-09-05T21:06:49Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{Infobox ethnic group | group = ŴaMbuti | native_name = Bambuti | population = 30,000–40,000 | region = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | languages = Efé, Asua, Kango, French | related = [[ŴaEfé]], [[ŴaBila]], [[ŴaBantu]] }} '''ŴaMbuti''' panji Bambuti ni magulu gha ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. ŴaMbuti mbakusaka na kusanga vyakurya, ndipo ubwezi wawo na nkhalango ngwakuzirwa pa umoyo..." 121684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = ŴaMbuti | native_name = Bambuti | population = 30,000–40,000 | region = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | languages = Efé, Asua, Kango, French | related = [[ŴaEfé]], [[ŴaBila]], [[ŴaBantu]] }} '''ŴaMbuti''' panji Bambuti ni magulu gha ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. ŴaMbuti mbakusaka na kusanga vyakurya, ndipo ubwezi wawo na nkhalango ngwakuzirwa pa umoyo, chikhalidwe na chuma chawo. Magulu gha ŴaMbuti ghakusiyana ndipo ghali na viyowoyero na mitheto yakupambana. == Umoyo == ŴaMbuti ŵakukhala mu magulu ghachoko ndipo ŵakwendakwenda mu nkhalango kuyana na vyakurya na nyengo. Ŵalume ŵakuchita kusaka, apo ŵanakazi ŵakugwira ntchito ya kusanga vyakumera, kusodza na ntchito zinyake. Kusanga nyama, uchi, zipambi, mizu na vyakumera ni vyakuzirwa pa chakurya. ŴaMbuti ŵakugwiliskira ntchito vinthu vya nkhalango kuzenga nyumba na kupanga vinthu vinyake. == Magulu == ŴaMbuti ŵali na magulu nga ŴaEfé, ŴaAsua na Sua. ŴaEfé ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa chakumpoto na cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa nkhalango ndipo ŵakukolerana chomene na ŴaLese. ŴaAsua ŵali mu chigaŵa chinyake cha Ituri. Viyowoyero vya magulu agha kanandi vikukolerana na viyowoyero vya ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakukhala nawo pafupi. == Chikhalidwe == Nyimbo, kuvina na kugawana vyakurya ni vigaŵa vyakuzirwa vya chikhalidwe cha ŴaMbuti. Nyimbo za nkhalango na miyambo yawo vikukolerana na fundo yakuti nkhalango ni malo gha umoyo na chisopa. == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == ŴaMbuti ŵakukumana na kudumulika kwa nkhalango, migodi, kupokeka kwa malo na nkhondo mu kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Congo. Malo ghawo gha kale ghakusuzgika kuvikilira, ndipo ŴaMbuti ŵanandi ŵakukhala pafupi na vijiji vya ŵalimi. == Vinyake == [[Thengele la Ituri]] ndiyo ni malo ghakuru agho ŴaMbuti ŵakukolerana nagho. Ŵakufufuza ŵasambira kwa nyengo yitali za kusaka, kugawana nyama na chidziŵitso cha vyakumera pakati pa ŴaMbuti. == Malemba == <references /> [[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]] [[Category:Ŵanthu ŵa mu Democratic Republic of the Congo]] [[Category:Ŵakusaka na kusanga vyakurya]] [[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]] hr7s4gi2nx8rgjffvsr5olb7p7toyfb 121692 121684 2026-09-05T21:17:56Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = ŴaMbuti | native_name = Bambuti | population = pafupifupi 30,000–40,000 | region = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | languages = viyowoyero vya Efé, Asua na vinyake | related = [[ŴaEfé]], [[ŴaAsua]], [[ŴaAka]] }} <div style="float:right;margin-left:1em"> [[File:Mbuti women in Mabukulu, DR Congo.JPG|250px|Ŵanakazi ŴaMbuti]] </div> '''ŴaMbuti''' panji Bambuti ni magulu gha ŵanthu ŵa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. Ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha ubwezi wawo na thengele na nthowa zakale za kusaka na kusanga vyakurya. == Malo == ŴaMbuti ŵakusangika mu vigaŵa vinandi vya Ituri. Magulu ghawo ghakukolerana na ŵalimi ŵazengezgani ndipo ubwezi uwu wavwira pa malonda, chakurya na vinthu vinyake. == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == ŴaMbuti ŵakusaka nyama, kusodza, kusanga uchi na kusanga vyakumera vya mu thengele. Ŵalume, ŵanakazi na ŵana ŵangawovwirana pa ntchito izi kuyana na mtundu wa kusaka.[1] == Magulu == ŴaMbuti ni zina la gulu likuru ilo likusazga magulu nga ŴaEfé, ŴaAsua na ŴaAka. Viyowoyero, nthowa za kusaka na ubwezi na ŵazengezgani vingasiyana pakati pa magulu. == Chikhalidwe == ŴaMbuti ŵali na nyimbo, kuvina na miyambo iyo yikukolerana na thengele. FAO yikulongosora kuti thengele ni malo ghakuzirwa chomene pa umoyo na chikhalidwe cha ŴaMbuti.[1] == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == Kudumulika kwa makuni, migodi, nkhondo na kusintha kwa malo ghakukhala vikupangiska masuzgo. Kusunga malo na chidziŵitso cha chilengedwe ni nkhani yakuzirwa kwa ŴaMbuti.[2] == Malemba == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/y9882e/y9882e09.htm |title=Perceptions of forests |website=FAO}}</ref> {{reflist}} 9nlbho2e47u1oizt7etjyc82cklll11 121693 121692 2026-09-05T21:18:44Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121693 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = ŴaMbuti | native_name = Bambuti | population = pafupifupi 30,000–40,000 | region = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | languages = viyowoyero vya Efé, Asua na vinyake | related = [[ŴaEfé]], [[ŴaAsua]], [[ŴaAka]] }}< '''ŴaMbuti''' panji Bambuti ni magulu gha ŵanthu ŵa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. Ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha ubwezi wawo na thengele na nthowa zakale za kusaka na kusanga vyakurya. == Malo[[File:Mbuti women in Mabukulu, DR Congo.JPG|250px|Ŵanakazi ŴaMbuti]] == ŴaMbuti ŵakusangika mu vigaŵa vinandi vya Ituri. Magulu ghawo ghakukolerana na ŵalimi ŵazengezgani ndipo ubwezi uwu wavwira pa malonda, chakurya na vinthu vinyake. == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == ŴaMbuti ŵakusaka nyama, kusodza, kusanga uchi na kusanga vyakumera vya mu thengele. Ŵalume, ŵanakazi na ŵana ŵangawovwirana pa ntchito izi kuyana na mtundu wa kusaka.[1] == Magulu == ŴaMbuti ni zina la gulu likuru ilo likusazga magulu nga ŴaEfé, ŴaAsua na ŴaAka. Viyowoyero, nthowa za kusaka na ubwezi na ŵazengezgani vingasiyana pakati pa magulu. == Chikhalidwe == ŴaMbuti ŵali na nyimbo, kuvina na miyambo iyo yikukolerana na thengele. FAO yikulongosora kuti thengele ni malo ghakuzirwa chomene pa umoyo na chikhalidwe cha ŴaMbuti.[1] == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == Kudumulika kwa makuni, migodi, nkhondo na kusintha kwa malo ghakukhala vikupangiska masuzgo. Kusunga malo na chidziŵitso cha chilengedwe ni nkhani yakuzirwa kwa ŴaMbuti.[2] == Malemba == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/y9882e/y9882e09.htm |title=Perceptions of forests |website=FAO}}</ref> {{reflist}} fk81x6td2105rsyu6u6g83kzob9bz7f 121694 121693 2026-09-05T21:18:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = ŴaMbuti | native_name = Bambuti | population = pafupifupi 30,000–40,000 | region = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | languages = viyowoyero vya Efé, Asua na vinyake | related = [[ŴaEfé]], [[ŴaAsua]], [[ŴaAka]] }}< '''ŴaMbuti''' panji Bambuti ni magulu gha ŵanthu ŵa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. Ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha ubwezi wawo na thengele na nthowa zakale za kusaka na kusanga vyakurya. == Malo == ŴaMbuti ŵakusangika mu vigaŵa vinandi vya Ituri. Magulu ghawo ghakukolerana na ŵalimi ŵazengezgani ndipo ubwezi uwu wavwira pa malonda, chakurya na vinthu vinyake. == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == ŴaMbuti ŵakusaka nyama, kusodza, kusanga uchi na kusanga vyakumera vya mu thengele. Ŵalume, ŵanakazi na ŵana ŵangawovwirana pa ntchito izi kuyana na mtundu wa kusaka.[1] == Magulu == ŴaMbuti ni zina la gulu likuru ilo likusazga magulu nga ŴaEfé, ŴaAsua na ŴaAka. Viyowoyero, nthowa za kusaka na ubwezi na ŵazengezgani vingasiyana pakati pa magulu. == Chikhalidwe == ŴaMbuti ŵali na nyimbo, kuvina na miyambo iyo yikukolerana na thengele. FAO yikulongosora kuti thengele ni malo ghakuzirwa chomene pa umoyo na chikhalidwe cha ŴaMbuti.[1] == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == Kudumulika kwa makuni, migodi, nkhondo na kusintha kwa malo ghakukhala vikupangiska masuzgo. Kusunga malo na chidziŵitso cha chilengedwe ni nkhani yakuzirwa kwa ŴaMbuti.[2] == Malemba == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/y9882e/y9882e09.htm |title=Perceptions of forests |website=FAO}}</ref> {{reflist}} r3zy6ykj2saglar31s124lqx75i6b9c 121695 121694 2026-09-05T21:19:14Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121695 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = ŴaMbuti | native_name = Bambuti | population = pafupifupi 30,000–40,000 | region = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | languages = viyowoyero vya Efé, Asua na vinyake | related = [[ŴaEfé]], [[ŴaAsua]], [[ŴaAka]] }} '''ŴaMbuti''' panji Bambuti ni magulu gha ŵanthu ŵa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Thengele la Ituri]]. Ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha ubwezi wawo na thengele na nthowa zakale za kusaka na kusanga vyakurya. == Malo == ŴaMbuti ŵakusangika mu vigaŵa vinandi vya Ituri. Magulu ghawo ghakukolerana na ŵalimi ŵazengezgani ndipo ubwezi uwu wavwira pa malonda, chakurya na vinthu vinyake. == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == ŴaMbuti ŵakusaka nyama, kusodza, kusanga uchi na kusanga vyakumera vya mu thengele. Ŵalume, ŵanakazi na ŵana ŵangawovwirana pa ntchito izi kuyana na mtundu wa kusaka.[1] == Magulu == ŴaMbuti ni zina la gulu likuru ilo likusazga magulu nga ŴaEfé, ŴaAsua na ŴaAka. Viyowoyero, nthowa za kusaka na ubwezi na ŵazengezgani vingasiyana pakati pa magulu. == Chikhalidwe == ŴaMbuti ŵali na nyimbo, kuvina na miyambo iyo yikukolerana na thengele. FAO yikulongosora kuti thengele ni malo ghakuzirwa chomene pa umoyo na chikhalidwe cha ŴaMbuti.[1] == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == Kudumulika kwa makuni, migodi, nkhondo na kusintha kwa malo ghakukhala vikupangiska masuzgo. Kusunga malo na chidziŵitso cha chilengedwe ni nkhani yakuzirwa kwa ŴaMbuti.[2] == Malemba == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/y9882e/y9882e09.htm |title=Perceptions of forests |website=FAO}}</ref> {{reflist}} 1i82vrjw616llzkb9owwl6wvfr9llli 121698 121695 2026-09-05T21:26:25Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaMbuti |image=Mbuti women in Mabukulu, DR Congo.JPG |image_caption=Ŵanakazi ŴaMbuti ku Mabukulu, Democratic Republic of the Congo |popplace=Democratic Republic of the Congo |region=Thengele la Ituri |langs=Chiyowoyero cha ŴaMbuti na viyowoyero vya ŵazengezgani |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe na Chikhristu }} '''ŴaMbuti''' ni magulu gha ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha Congo awo ŵakukhala chomene mu [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], chomenechomene mu [[Ituri Forest|thengele la Ituri]]. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya, kweniso ubwezi wakukhora na chilengedwe cha mu thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=2022-03-03 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Malo agho ŴaMbuti ŵakukhala == ŴaMbuti ŵakukhala chomene mu chigaŵa cha Ituri kumpoto cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo. Thengele la Ituri ni thengele likuru la mu chigaŵa cha Congo Basin ndipo ndakuzirwa chomene pa umoyo wa ŴaMbuti. FAO yalongosora kuti ŴaMbuti ŵakuliwona thengele la Ituri nga ni malo ghakupatulika na chakufumiskamo vyakukhumbikwa pa umoyo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/y9882e/y9882e09.htm |title=Perceptions of forests |website=FAO |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> ŴaMbuti ŵanyake ŵakukhala mu malo gha [[Okapi Wildlife Reserve]], ilo likuvikilira chigaŵa chimoza mwa vigaŵa vikuru vya thengele la Ituri. UNESCO yikuti malo agha ghakukhala ŴaMbuti na Efe ndipo thengele ndakuzirwa kwa iwo pa umoyo wa chuma na chikhalidwe.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/718/ |title=Okapi Wildlife Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Umoyo na vyakurya == Umoyo wa ŴaMbuti ukukolerana chomene na kusaka na kusanga vyakurya vya mu thengele. Ŵakusanga nyama, vipambi, uchi, vyomela na vyakurya vinyake vya mu chilengedwe. Kafukufuku wa FAO walongora kuti Mbuti ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito nyama zinyake zinandi zakuthengelere nga ni chakurya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/w7540e/w7540e06.htm |title=Species and varieties of wild animals eaten |website=FAO |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> Kusaka kukuchitikaso mu magulu, ndipo ntchito zinyake za kusanga vyakurya na vinthu vya mu thengele zikugaŵikana pakati pa ŵanalume na ŵanakazi. Umoyo uwu ukovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵagwiliskire ntchito vinthu ivyo vikusangika mu chilengedwe. == Chikhalidwe == Thengele ndakuzirwa pa chikhalidwe cha ŴaMbuti. Nyimbo, kuvina, ntharika na miyambo yawo vikukolerana chomene na malo agho ŵakukhala. FAO yalemba kuti ŴaMbuti ŵali na chikhalidwe icho chafuma chomene mu ubwezi wawo na thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/y9882e/y9882e09.htm |title=Perceptions of forests |website=FAO |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == ŴaMbuti ŵakukumana na masuzgo gha kudumulika kwa thengele, kusintha kwa kagwiliskilo ntchito malo, kupokeka kwa malo na kuchepa kwa vyakurya vinyake vya mu chilengedwe. Mu Okapi Wildlife Reserve, UNESCO yikuti kukukhumbikwa kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa, kusazgapo ŴaMbuti na Efe, ŵanjizgikenge mu kasamaliriro ka malo agha.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/718/ |title=Okapi Wildlife Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Ukaboni == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=2022-03-03 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/4/y9882e/y9882e09.htm |title=Perceptions of forests |website=FAO |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/718/ |title=Okapi Wildlife Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbuti_people |title=Mbuti people |website=English Wikipedia |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> {{reflist}} [[Category:Ŵanthu ŵa ku Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Chitumbuka]] 4jo674keyqxjf1ohgoenmhmrlfqjn2f 14 49488 121685 2026-09-05T21:07:49Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created blank page 121685 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 121688 121685 2026-09-05T21:08:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121688 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hidden category}} hkte2duffkjywpxxt3lp18bww66fee6 14 49489 121686 2026-09-05T21:07:52Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created blank page 121686 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 49490 121687 2026-09-05T21:07:56Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created blank page 121687 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 49491 121689 2026-09-05T21:09:09Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{Hidden category}}" 121689 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hidden category}} hkte2duffkjywpxxt3lp18bww66fee6 14 49492 121690 2026-09-05T21:09:19Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{Hidden category}}" 121690 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hidden category}} hkte2duffkjywpxxt3lp18bww66fee6 4 49493 121691 2026-09-05T21:15:47Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "<div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Baka Drf Dja.JPG|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaBaka]]''' ni ŵanthu ŵa nkhalango za [[Congo Basin]], chomene mu [[Cameroon]], [[Gabon]], [[Republic of the Congo]] na [[Central African Republic]]. ŴaBaka ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya mu nkhalango, nangauli mazuŵa ghano magulu ghanandi ghakukhala pafupi na vijiji na misewu. Ŵalume ŵakuchita kusaka, apo ŵanakazi ŵakugwira ntchito ya kusanga..." 121691 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Baka Drf Dja.JPG|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaBaka]]''' ni ŵanthu ŵa nkhalango za [[Congo Basin]], chomene mu [[Cameroon]], [[Gabon]], [[Republic of the Congo]] na [[Central African Republic]]. ŴaBaka ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya mu nkhalango, nangauli mazuŵa ghano magulu ghanandi ghakukhala pafupi na vijiji na misewu. Ŵalume ŵakuchita kusaka, apo ŵanakazi ŵakugwira ntchito ya kusanga vyakumera, kusodza na kupwelelera ŵana. Uchi, nyama, nsomba, mizu, zipambi na vyakumera vinyake ni vyakuzirwa chomene. Chikhalidwe cha ŴaBaka chili na nyimbo, kuvina na mwambo wa [[Jengi]], mzimu uwo ukukolerana na nkhalango. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakukumana na suzgo chifukwa cha kudumulika kwa nkhalango, malo ghakuvikililika na kusintha kwa umoyo. Nangauli umoyo ukusintha, ŴaBaka ŵanandi ŵachali na chidziŵitso chikuru cha nkhalango na vyamoyo vyake. ([[ŴaBaka|Nkhani yose...]]) <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Sekutembala]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> gw8dy8mmyednjc1me62gvtjper7r5lu 0 49494 121696 2026-09-05T21:20:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{Infobox place | name = Thengele la Ituri | location = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | region = Ituri | type = tropical rainforest }} [[File:Mbuti women in Mabukulu, DR Congo.JPG|250px|Ŵanthu mu chigaŵa cha Ituri]] '''Thengele la Ituri''' ni thengele likuru la ku kumpoto chakumafumiro gha dazi kwa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Ni chigaŵa chikulu cha Congo Basin ndipo chili na mitengo, milonga, vyakumera na vyamoyo vinandi. == Vyamoyo == Ituri ni mal..." 121696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox place | name = Thengele la Ituri | location = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | region = Ituri | type = tropical rainforest }} [[File:Mbuti women in Mabukulu, DR Congo.JPG|250px|Ŵanthu mu chigaŵa cha Ituri]] '''Thengele la Ituri''' ni thengele likuru la ku kumpoto chakumafumiro gha dazi kwa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Ni chigaŵa chikulu cha Congo Basin ndipo chili na mitengo, milonga, vyakumera na vyamoyo vinandi. == Vyamoyo == Ituri ni malo gha nyama nga forest elephant, okapi, chimpanzee na nyama zinyake za mu thengele. [[Okapi Wildlife Reserve]] yili mukati mwa chigaŵa ichi. == ŴaMbuti == ŴaMbuti ŵakhala mu Ituri kwa nyengo yitali ndipo ubwezi wawo na thengele ngwakuzirwa pa chakurya, chuma na chikhalidwe. Ŵakusaka, kusanga uchi, kusodza na kusanga vyakumera. == Kusintha kwa chigaŵa == Kudumulika kwa makuni, migodi, nkhondo na kusintha kwa malo ghakukhala vikupangiska masuzgo pa vyamoyo na ŵanthu. FAO yikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵa chigaŵa ichi ŵakuthemba chomene pa vyakufuma mu thengele.[1] == Malemba == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/people-and-the-rainforest/ |title=People and the Rainforest |website=National Geographic Society}}</ref> {{reflist}} 63qwr1445egqaublcpm03u30lqrs0hz 121697 121696 2026-09-05T21:20:18Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox place | name = Thengele la Ituri | location = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | region = Ituri | type = tropical rainforest }} '''Thengele la Ituri''' ni thengele likuru la ku kumpoto chakumafumiro gha dazi kwa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Ni chigaŵa chikulu cha Congo Basin ndipo chili na mitengo, milonga, vyakumera na vyamoyo vinandi. == Vyamoyo == Ituri ni malo gha nyama nga forest elephant, okapi, chimpanzee na nyama zinyake za mu thengele. [[Okapi Wildlife Reserve]] yili mukati mwa chigaŵa ichi. == ŴaMbuti == ŴaMbuti ŵakhala mu Ituri kwa nyengo yitali ndipo ubwezi wawo na thengele ngwakuzirwa pa chakurya, chuma na chikhalidwe. Ŵakusaka, kusanga uchi, kusodza na kusanga vyakumera. == Kusintha kwa chigaŵa == Kudumulika kwa makuni, migodi, nkhondo na kusintha kwa malo ghakukhala vikupangiska masuzgo pa vyamoyo na ŵanthu. FAO yikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵa chigaŵa ichi ŵakuthemba chomene pa vyakufuma mu thengele.[1] == Malemba == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Protecting-wildlife-and-Indigenous-Peoples-livelihoods-in-the-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo/en |title=Protecting wildlife and Indigenous Peoples’ livelihoods in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |website=FAO |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/people-and-the-rainforest/ |title=People and the Rainforest |website=National Geographic Society}}</ref> {{reflist}} 8gtl9a2w726thiwwjg8ao5ilwr5bi8l 121700 121697 2026-09-05T21:27:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox forest | name = Thengele la Ituri | location = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | area = pafupifupi 63,000 km² | type = [[Tropical rainforest]] }} '''Thengele la Ituri''' ni nkhalango yikuru ya tropical rainforest kumpoto na kumafumiro gha dazi kwa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Malo agha ghali na milonga, nyanja, mitengo yitali na vyamoyo vinandi. Ni nyumba ya magulu gha ŵanthu ŵakwambiri awo ŵakukolerana na nkhalango, kusazgapo [[ŴaMbuti]]. == Vyamoyo == Ituri ili na mitundu yinandi ya nyama na vyakumera. Mu nkhalango muli [[forest elephant|njovu za mu nkhalango]], chimpanzee, okapi, antelope na mitundu yinyake ya mbalame. Malo agha ni ghakuzirwa pa kusunga chilengedwe cha Congo Basin. == Ŵanthu == ŴaMbuti ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vinandi vya Ituri ndipo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito nkhalango pa kusaka, kusanga vyakumera, uchi, vyakumera vya munkhwala na vinthu vinyake. Magulu ghanyake ghakukhala pafupi na ŵalimi awo ŵakupereka vyakurya vya ulimi. == Masuzgo == Nkhalango yikukumana na suzgo la kudumulika kwa makuni, migodi, ulimi na nkhondo. Kusintha kwa malo ghakukhala kukupangiska kusuzgika kwa nyama na ŵanthu awo ŵakuthemba nkhalango. == Kufufuza == Ituri yakhala malo ghakuzirwa chomene gha anthropological na ecological research. Ŵakufufuza ŵasambira za kusaka, vyakumera na ubwezi pakati pa ŵanthu na nkhalango. == Malemba == <references /> [[Category:Maloto mu Democratic Republic of the Congo]] [[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]] [[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]] tfxml0hpmpstmi3jg2uoi0hhwuhl8f0 14 49495 121699 2026-09-05T21:27:39Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created blank page 121699 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 49496 121701 2026-09-05T21:28:22Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaBaka |image=Assise communautaire Chez les Baka 01.jpg |image_caption=ŴaBaka ku kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Cameroon |popplace=Cameroon, Gabon na Republic of the Congo |region=Congo Basin |langs=Baka na viyowoyero vya ŵazengezgani |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe na Chikhristu }} '''ŴaBaka''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha Congo Basin, chomenechomene mu kumwera kwa [[Cameroon]] na vigaŵa vinyake vya [[Gabon]] na Republic of the Congo...." 121701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaBaka |image=Assise communautaire Chez les Baka 01.jpg |image_caption=ŴaBaka ku kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Cameroon |popplace=Cameroon, Gabon na Republic of the Congo |region=Congo Basin |langs=Baka na viyowoyero vya ŵazengezgani |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe na Chikhristu }} '''ŴaBaka''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha Congo Basin, chomenechomene mu kumwera kwa [[Cameroon]] na vigaŵa vinyake vya [[Gabon]] na Republic of the Congo. ŴaBaka ŵamanyikwa chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka, kusanga vyakurya na kusodza, kweniso umanyi wawo wakuzama wa thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Malo agho ŴaBaka ŵakukhala == ŴaBaka ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya thengele la Congo Basin. Mu kumwera kwa Cameroon ŵanthu aŵa ŵakukhala mu na pafupi na [[Dja Faunal Reserve]], malo ghakuzirwa chomene pa nyama na vyomela.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/407/ |title=Dja Faunal Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> UNESCO yikulongosora ŴaBaka nga ni ŵanthu ŵa mu thengele awo ŵali na umoyo wakusamukasamuka mwakukolerana na nyengo na vinthu ivyo vikusangika mu chilengedwe.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == ŴaBaka ŵakugwiliskira ntchito nthowa zakupambanapambana pakusaka, kusanga uchi, kusanga vyomela na kusodza. UNESCO yikulongora kuti umanyi wawo wa nyama, vyomela na nyengo ukuŵawovwira kusankha malo na nyengo yakusangiramo vyakurya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> Ŵanakazi nawo ŵali na ntchito zikuru mu kusanga vyakurya na kusodza. Vinthu vya mu thengele vikugwiliskirikaso ntchito pa kuzenga nyumba, kupanga vinthu na munkhwala wa chikhalidwe. == Chikhalidwe == Chikhalidwe cha ŴaBaka chili na ubwezi ukuru na thengele. Nyimbo, ntharika, kuvina na miyambo yawo vikupereka umanyi kufuma ku ŵalara kuya ku ŵana. UNESCO yati miyambo iyi yikukolerana na umoyo wa zuŵa na zuŵa, umoyo wa mu gulu na ubwezi pakati pa ŵanthu na thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Dja Faunal Reserve == [[Dja Faunal Reserve]] ni malo ghakuvikilirika ghakuŵa mu thengele la Congo Basin. UNESCO yikulongora kuti pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya malo agha yakaŵa yindasinthike chomene pa nyengo yakulembeka pa World Heritage List, ndipo ŴaBaka ŵali na ubali wa chikhalidwe na malo agha.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/407/ |title=Dja Faunal Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == ŴaBaka ŵakukumana na kusintha kwa kagwiliskilo ntchito nthaka, kudumulika kwa thengele na kuchepa kwa mwaŵi wakugwiliskira ntchito malo agho ŵakhalanga nyengo yitali. UNESCO yikulongosora kuti kusintha kwa chilengedwe na ndondomeko zakuvikilira malo nako kungakhwaska umoyo wa ŵanthu awo ŵakuthemba thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Ukaboni == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/407/ |title=Dja Faunal Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baka_people_(Cameroon_and_Gabon) |title=Baka people (Cameroon and Gabon) |website=English Wikipedia |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> {{reflist}} [[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]] [[Category:Ŵanthu ŵa ku Cameroon mu Chitumbuka]] 1jdnlnljn4lei540yxvvd5z9n9idmju 121702 121701 2026-09-05T21:28:55Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaBaka |image=Assise communautaire Chez les Baka 01.jpg |image_caption=ŴaBaka ku kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Cameroon |popplace=Cameroon, Gabon na Republic of the Congo |region=Congo Basin |langs=Baka na viyowoyero vya ŵazengezgani |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe na Chikhristu }} '''ŴaBaka''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha Congo Basin, chomenechomene mu kumwera kwa [[Cameroon]] na vigaŵa vinyake vya [[Gabon]] na Republic of the Congo. ŴaBaka ŵamanyikwa chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka, kusanga vyakurya na kusodza, kweniso umanyi wawo wakuzama wa thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Malo agho ŴaBaka ŵakukhala == ŴaBaka ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya thengele la Congo Basin. Mu kumwera kwa Cameroon ŵanthu aŵa ŵakukhala mu na pafupi na [[Dja Faunal Reserve]], malo ghakuzirwa chomene pa nyama na vyomela.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/407/ |title=Dja Faunal Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> UNESCO yikulongosora ŴaBaka nga ni ŵanthu ŵa mu thengele awo ŵali na umoyo wakusamukasamuka mwakukolerana na nyengo na vinthu ivyo vikusangika mu chilengedwe.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == ŴaBaka ŵakugwiliskira ntchito nthowa zakupambanapambana pakusaka, kusanga uchi, kusanga vyomela na kusodza. UNESCO yikulongora kuti umanyi wawo wa nyama, vyomela na nyengo ukuŵawovwira kusankha malo na nyengo yakusangiramo vyakurya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> Ŵanakazi nawo ŵali na ntchito zikuru mu kusanga vyakurya na kusodza. Vinthu vya mu thengele vikugwiliskirikaso ntchito pa kuzenga nyumba, kupanga vinthu na munkhwala wa chikhalidwe. == Chikhalidwe == Chikhalidwe cha ŴaBaka chili na ubwezi ukuru na thengele. Nyimbo, ntharika, kuvina na miyambo yawo vikupereka umanyi kufuma ku ŵalara kuya ku ŵana. UNESCO yati miyambo iyi yikukolerana na umoyo wa zuŵa na zuŵa, umoyo wa mu gulu na ubwezi pakati pa ŵanthu na thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Dja Faunal Reserve == [[Dja Faunal Reserve]] ni malo ghakuvikilirika ghakuŵa mu thengele la Congo Basin. UNESCO yikulongora kuti pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya malo agha yakaŵa yindasinthike chomene pa nyengo yakulembeka pa World Heritage List, ndipo ŴaBaka ŵali na ubali wa chikhalidwe na malo agha.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/407/ |title=Dja Faunal Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Masuzgo gha mazuŵa ghano == ŴaBaka ŵakukumana na kusintha kwa kagwiliskilo ntchito nthaka, kudumulika kwa thengele na kuchepa kwa mwaŵi wakugwiliskira ntchito malo agho ŵakhalanga nyengo yitali. UNESCO yikulongosora kuti kusintha kwa chilengedwe na ndondomeko zakuvikilira malo nako kungakhwaska umoyo wa ŵanthu awo ŵakuthemba thengele.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Ukaboni == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guardians-forest-baka-and-living-spirit-dja |title=Guardians of the forest: the Baka and the living spirit of the Dja |website=UNESCO |date=2025-09-30 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/407/ |title=Dja Faunal Reserve |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baka_people_(Cameroon_and_Gabon) |title=Baka people (Cameroon and Gabon) |website=English Wikipedia |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> {{reflist}} [[Category:Ŵanthu ŵa ku Cameroon]] mv8agpalrgmq2m9pnkltymnx2p93w9z 14 49497 121703 2026-09-05T21:29:08Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created blank page 121703 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 4 49498 121704 2026-09-05T21:34:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "id="k8n3rq" <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Tanzania - Hadzabe chief (14347998227).jpg|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaHadza]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanzania awo ŵakukhala chomene ku chigaŵa cha Nyanja ya Eyasi. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha umoyo wawo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya vya mu chilengedwe, ndipo chiyowoyero chawo cha Hadza chikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu pafupifupi chikwi. Ŵanalume ŵakuchita chomene kusaka nyama na kusanga uchi wa mu t..." 121704 wikitext text/x-wiki id="k8n3rq" <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Tanzania - Hadzabe chief (14347998227).jpg|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaHadza]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanzania awo ŵakukhala chomene ku chigaŵa cha Nyanja ya Eyasi. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa chifukwa cha umoyo wawo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya vya mu chilengedwe, ndipo chiyowoyero chawo cha Hadza chikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu pafupifupi chikwi. Ŵanalume ŵakuchita chomene kusaka nyama na kusanga uchi wa mu thengele, apo ŵanakazi ŵakuwunganiska chomene vyakurya vya ku vyomela. Moyo wawo ukukolerana na malo gha chilala, mityambo, vyakumera na nyama za mu chigaŵa. Kafukufuku wasanga kuti ŵaHadza ŵakugwiliskira ntchito malo agha chaka chose, kweni kusintha kwa nthaka na kukura kwa ulimi kwachepeska malo ghanyake agho ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito. ŴaHadza ŵali na umanyi wakuzama pa vyakurya, nyama, uchi na malo, ndipo ŵakulutilira kusunga chiyowoyero chawo na miyambo yawo. Umanyi uwu ukuperekeka ku ŵana kwizira mu ntchito za zuŵa na zuŵa. ([[ŴaHadza|Nkhani yose...]]) <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> 52bhnwlzbxy9x0h0tfc2k965klia961 0 49499 121705 2026-09-05T21:35:20Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaHadza |image=Tanzania - Hadzabe chief (14347998227).jpg |image_caption=Muhadza pafupi na Nyanja ya Eyasi, Tanzania |popplace=Tanzania |region=Chigaŵa cha Nyanja ya Eyasi |langs=Hadza na viyowoyero vya ŵazengezgani |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe na Chikhristu }} '''ŴaHadza''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Tanzania]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu chigaŵa cha [[Lake Eyasi|Nyanja ya Eyasi]] kumpoto kwa charu. ŴaHadza ŵakumanyikwa chomene chifu..." 121705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaHadza |image=Tanzania - Hadzabe chief (14347998227).jpg |image_caption=Muhadza pafupi na Nyanja ya Eyasi, Tanzania |popplace=Tanzania |region=Chigaŵa cha Nyanja ya Eyasi |langs=Hadza na viyowoyero vya ŵazengezgani |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe na Chikhristu }} '''ŴaHadza''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku [[Tanzania]] awo ŵakukhala chomene mu chigaŵa cha [[Lake Eyasi|Nyanja ya Eyasi]] kumpoto kwa charu. ŴaHadza ŵakumanyikwa chomene chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya vya mu chilengedwe.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wood |first1=Brian M. |last2=Millar |first2=Riccardo S. |title=Hunter-Gatherers in context: Mammal community composition in a northern Tanzania landscape used by Hadza foragers and Datoga pastoralists |journal=PLOS ONE |year=2021 |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=e0251076 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |url=https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Malo agho ŴaHadza ŵakukhala == ŴaHadza ŵakukhala chomene kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Eyasi. Kafukufuku wa PLOS ONE wakulongora kuti chigaŵa ichi chikugwiliskirika ntchito chaka chose na ŴaHadza awo ŵakupitirizga kusaka na kusanga vyakurya mu chilengedwe.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wood |first=Brian M. |title=Hunter-Gatherers in context: Mammal community composition in a northern Tanzania landscape used by Hadza foragers and Datoga pastoralists |journal=PLOS ONE |year=2021 |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=e0251076 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |url=https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == ŴaHadza ŵakugwiliskira ntchito nthowa zakupambanapambana pakusaka nyama na kusanga vyakurya vya mu vyomela. Kafukufuku walongora kuti ŵanalume ŵakuchita chomene kusaka nyama na kusanga uchi wa mu thengele, apo ŵanakazi ŵakuwunganiska chomene vyakurya vya ku vyomela.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wood |first=Brian M. |title=Gendered movement ecology and landscape use in Hadza hunter-gatherers |journal=Nature Human Behaviour |year=2021 |volume=5 |pages=436–446 |doi=10.1038/s41562-020-01002-7 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-01002-7 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> Nyama nga ni impala na dik-dik ni zinyake mwa nyama izo ŵanalume ŵakusaka. Uchi nao ngwakuzirwa mu vyakurya vya ŴaHadza.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wood |first=Brian M. |title=Gendered movement ecology and landscape use in Hadza hunter-gatherers |journal=Nature Human Behaviour |year=2021 |volume=5 |pages=436–446 |doi=10.1038/s41562-020-01002-7 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-01002-7 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Chiyowoyero cha Hadza == Chiyowoyero cha Hadza chikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa cha Nyanja ya Eyasi ndipo chikuwoneka nga ni chiyowoyero chakujiŵikira, chifukwa palije kukolerana kwakukhora na mbumba yinyake ya viyowoyero.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadza_language |title=Hadza language |website=English Wikipedia |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Kusintha kwa malo == Malo agho ŵaHadza ŵakukhala ghakukhwaskika na kukura kwa ulimi, kusintha kwa kagwiliskilo ntchito nthaka na kukura kwa ŵanthu. Kafukufuku walongora kuti malo ghanyake agho kale ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito pakusaka na kukhalamo sono ghanandi ghakusinthika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nthaka.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wood |first=Brian M. |title=Hunter-Gatherers in context: Mammal community composition in a northern Tanzania landscape used by Hadza foragers and Datoga pastoralists |journal=PLOS ONE |year=2021 |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=e0251076 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |url=https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Ukaboni == <ref>{{cite journal |last=Wood |first=Brian M. |title=Hunter-Gatherers in context: Mammal community composition in a northern Tanzania landscape used by Hadza foragers and Datoga pastoralists |journal=PLOS ONE |year=2021 |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=e0251076 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |url=https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251076 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |last=Wood |first=Brian M. |title=Gendered movement ecology and landscape use in Hadza hunter-gatherers |journal=Nature Human Behaviour |year=2021 |volume=5 |pages=436–446 |doi=10.1038/s41562-020-01002-7 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-01002-7 |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadza_language |title=Hadza language |website=English Wikipedia |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadza_people |title=Hadza people |website=English Wikipedia |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> {{reflist}} [[Category:Ŵanthu ŵa ku Tanzania]] nesq9l90e0zgfwj84j0l8bfu1vzv6vk 4 49500 121706 2026-09-05T21:36:28Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "id="m4t6vw" <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:San people.jpg|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaSan]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Africa awo ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana ya visopa, viyowoyero na miyambo. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa mu mbiri chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya, ndipo ŵakhalanga mu malo ghakupambanapambana gha ku Kalahari na vigaŵa vinyake vya kumwera kwa Africa. ŴaSan ŵali na umanyi wakuzama pa nyama,..." 121706 wikitext text/x-wiki id="m4t6vw" <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:San people.jpg|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaSan]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Africa awo ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana ya visopa, viyowoyero na miyambo. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa mu mbiri chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya, ndipo ŵakhalanga mu malo ghakupambanapambana gha ku Kalahari na vigaŵa vinyake vya kumwera kwa Africa. ŴaSan ŵali na umanyi wakuzama pa nyama, vyomela, maji, nyengo na malo agho ŵakukhalamo. Chikhalidwe chawo chili na nyimbo, kuvina, ntharika, kusunga umanyi wa mibadwo na luso lwa kupanga vinthu. Mazuŵa ghano ŴaSan ŵakukhala mu vyaru vinandi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakupitirizga kusaka na kusanga vyakurya apo ŵanyake ŵali kusintha ku umoyo wa mu vijiji. Mbiri yawo yakhwaskika na kutolekeka kwa malo, kusintha kwa chuma na ndondomeko za maboma. Mazuŵa ghano ŵakulimbikira kusunga chikhalidwe, malo na mazaza ghawo. ([[ŴaSan|Nkhani yose...]]) <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> 2s9yqcolbfdt6j08jjqj8ztg2x23z62 121708 121706 2026-09-05T21:37:13Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 121708 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:San people.jpg|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaSan]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Africa awo ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana ya visopa, viyowoyero na miyambo. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa mu mbiri chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya, ndipo ŵakhalanga mu malo ghakupambanapambana gha ku Kalahari na vigaŵa vinyake vya kumwera kwa Africa. ŴaSan ŵali na umanyi wakuzama pa nyama, vyomela, maji, nyengo na malo agho ŵakukhalamo. Chikhalidwe chawo chili na nyimbo, kuvina, ntharika, kusunga umanyi wa mibadwo na luso lwa kupanga vinthu. Mazuŵa ghano ŴaSan ŵakukhala mu vyaru vinandi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakupitirizga kusaka na kusanga vyakurya apo ŵanyake ŵali kusintha ku umoyo wa mu vijiji. Mbiri yawo yakhwaskika na kutolekeka kwa malo, kusintha kwa chuma na ndondomeko za maboma. Mazuŵa ghano ŵakulimbikira kusunga chikhalidwe, malo na mazaza ghawo. ([[ŴaSan|Nkhani yose...]]) <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> 6rdnv29vu1g754w5jle8he94da9p1r6 14 49501 121707 2026-09-05T21:36:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created blank page 121707 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 49502 121709 2026-09-05T21:37:40Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaSan |image=San people.jpg |image_caption=Ŵanthu ŵaSan ku Namibia |popplace=Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe na Angola |region=Kumwera kwa Africa |langs=Viyowoyero vinandi vya ŴaSan |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe, Chikhristu na vinyake }} '''ŴaSan''' ni zina la gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku kumwera kwa [[Africa]] awo ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana ya ŵanthu na viyowoyero. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa chomene chifukwa cha mbiri yaw..." 121709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group |group=ŴaSan |image=San people.jpg |image_caption=Ŵanthu ŵaSan ku Namibia |popplace=Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe na Angola |region=Kumwera kwa Africa |langs=Viyowoyero vinandi vya ŴaSan |rels=Visopa vya chikhalidwe, Chikhristu na vinyake }} '''ŴaSan''' ni zina la gulu la ŵanthu ŵa ku kumwera kwa [[Africa]] awo ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana ya ŵanthu na viyowoyero. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa chomene chifukwa cha mbiri yawo ya kusaka na kusanga vyakurya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.za/about-sa/history |title=History |website=South African Government |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Malo agho ŴaSan ŵakukhala == ŴaSan ŵakukhala mu vyaru vinandi vya kumwera kwa Africa, kusazgapo [[Botswana]], [[Namibia]] na [[South Africa]]. Mbiri ya ku South Africa yikulongora kuti ŴaSan ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵakupempha vyakurya mwa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya ndipo ŵakaparanyika mu vigaŵa vinandi vya chigaŵa ichi.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.za/about-sa/history |title=History |website=South African Government |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Kusaka na kusanga vyakurya == Mu mbiri ya ŴaSan, kusaka na kusanga vyakurya kukaŵa ntchito yikuru pa umoyo. Ŵanthu ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito umanyi wawo wa nyama, vyomela, maji na malo kuti ŵasange vyakurya mu malo ghakupambanapambana. South African Government yikulongosora ŴaSan nga ni ŵanthu ŵa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya mu vigaŵa vya kumwera kwa Africa.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.za/about-sa/history |title=History |website=South African Government |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Chikhalidwe == ŴaSan ŵali na chikhalidwe chakukhora cha nyimbo, kuvina, ntharika na umanyi wa chilengedwe. Rock art ya ku kumwera kwa Africa njimo mwa vinthu ivyo vikulongora mbiri yakale ya ŵanthu ŵa chigaŵa ichi. South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment yikuzunura malo gha rock art na heritage ya ŴaSan mu malo ghakupambanapambana.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dffe.gov.za/transfrontier-conservation-areas |title=Transfrontier Conservation Areas |website=South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Kusintha kwa umoyo == Mazuŵa ghano ŵanthu ŵaSan ŵakukhala mu mikhaliro yakupambanapambana. Ŵanyake ŵakupitirizga kusunga vinthu vya chikhalidwe chawo, apo ŵanyake ŵakukhala mu vijiji na mizinda ndipo ŵakugwira ntchito zakupambanapambana. Kusintha kwa umoyo wawo kwakukolerana na mbiri ya kutolekeka kwa malo na kusintha kwa ndondomeko za chuma na ndale. UNESCO yikusanga malo nga ni ǂKhomani Cultural Landscape nga ni malo ghakuzirwa pa chikhalidwe na heritage ya ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa ichi.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/indigenous-peoples/places |title=Indigenous Peoples' Places |website=UNESCO |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> == Ukaboni == <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.za/about-sa/history |title=History |website=South African Government |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dffe.gov.za/transfrontier-conservation-areas |title=Transfrontier Conservation Areas |website=South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/indigenous-peoples/places |title=Indigenous Peoples' Places |website=UNESCO |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_peoples |title=San peoples |website=English Wikipedia |access-date=2026-09-05 }}</ref> {{reflist}} [[Category:Ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa]] 8ni7rsjrjxjpp9s14yx8bneh5ww5bsz 14 49503 121710 2026-09-05T21:38:02Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created blank page 121710 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 4 49504 121711 2026-09-05T21:38:53Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "<div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:San people.jpg|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaSan]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Africa awo ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana ya visopa, viyowoyero na miyambo. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa mu mbiri chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya, ndipo ŵakhalanga mu malo ghakupambanapambana gha ku Kalahari na vigaŵa vinyake vya kumwera kwa Africa. ŴaSan ŵali na umanyi wakuzama pa nyama, vyomela, maj..." 121711 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:San people.jpg|100px]] </div> '''[[ŴaSan]]''' ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Africa awo ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana ya visopa, viyowoyero na miyambo. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakumanyikwa mu mbiri chifukwa cha umoyo wa kusaka na kusanga vyakurya, ndipo ŵakhalanga mu malo ghakupambanapambana gha ku Kalahari na vigaŵa vinyake vya kumwera kwa Africa. ŴaSan ŵali na umanyi wakuzama pa nyama, vyomela, maji, nyengo na malo agho ŵakukhalamo. Chikhalidwe chawo chili na nyimbo, kuvina, ntharika, kusunga umanyi wa mibadwo na luso lwa kupanga vinthu. Mazuŵa ghano ŴaSan ŵakukhala mu vyaru vinandi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakupitirizga kusaka na kusanga vyakurya apo ŵanyake ŵali kusintha ku umoyo wa mu vijiji. Mbiri yawo yakhwaskika na kutolekeka kwa malo, kusintha kwa chuma na ndondomeko za maboma. Mazuŵa ghano ŵakulimbikira kusunga chikhalidwe, malo na mazaza ghawo. ([[ŴaSan|Nkhani yose...]]) <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Mitundu ya ŵanthu yambula kuoneka ku ŵanthu mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> p2ykcwtrkzb4cf7ajrcdpbgxmnadh5z 4 49505 121712 2026-09-05T21:39:46Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{main page image/DYK|image=Dik-dik.jpg|caption=Dik-dik ku Kenya}} * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] ni mtundu wa mphala uchoko chomene uwo ukukula mamita 30–40 kufika pa pheŵe, ndipo zina lake likufuma ku lizgu ilo chikazi chikupanga para chachita wofi? (pachithuzi) * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yingaŵa na uzito wa makilogiramu 3–6, ndipo yingakhala umoyo wa vyaka 10? * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yikukhala chomene mu Eastern Africa|kumafumiro gha zuŵa gha Afri..." 121712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{main page image/DYK|image=Dik-dik.jpg|caption=Dik-dik ku Kenya}} * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] ni mtundu wa mphala uchoko chomene uwo ukukula mamita 30–40 kufika pa pheŵe, ndipo zina lake likufuma ku lizgu ilo chikazi chikupanga para chachita wofi? (pachithuzi) * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yingaŵa na uzito wa makilogiramu 3–6, ndipo yingakhala umoyo wa vyaka 10? * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yikukhala chomene mu [[Eastern Africa|kumafumiro gha zuŵa gha Africa]] na [[Southern Africa|kumwera kwa Africa]]? * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yikukhozga kusunga maji mu thupi mwakuti yingazizipizga malo ghakuuma? * ... kuti [[Axolotl|axolotl]] yingamerezgaso viŵaro vyake vinyake para vyapwetekeka? * ... kuti [[Wombat|wombat]] ndiyo nyama yakumanyikwa iyo yikupanga vinthu vyakufumapo vya thupi vyakuyana na ma cube? * ... kuti [[Platypus|platypus]] ni mamalia iyo yikupanga mahe ndipo yili na mulomo wakuyana na wa bakha? * ... kuti [[Pangolin|pangolin]] yili na thupi lakuphimbika na masikelo gha keratin agho ghakovwira kuyivikilira? * ... kuti [[Rafflesia arnoldii|Rafflesia arnoldii]] lili limoza mwa maluŵa ghakuru chomene pa charu chose? * ... kuti [[Mantis shrimp|mantis shrimp]] yingaŵa na nkhonya yambura kumanyikwa chifukwa cha liŵiro lake likuru chomene? * ... kuti [[Sea otter|sea otter]] yikugwiliskira ntchito malibwe pakubwangandura magomba gha nyama izo yikurya? * ... kuti [[Wandering albatross|wandering albatross]] yili na mapapindo ghakutambasuka chomene kuluska viyuni vinandi, ghakufika pafupifupi mamita 3.7? {{flatlist|class=dyk-footer noprint|style=margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: right;}} {{endflatlist}} <noinclude>[[Category:Kasi mukumanya mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Kasi mukumanya mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> hvhlpsxt0vhv4go0rr60atft4fb6asa 4 49506 121713 2026-09-05T21:40:00Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "{{main page image/DYK|image=Dik-dik.jpg|caption=Dik-dik ku Kenya}} * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] ni mtundu wa mphala uchoko chomene uwo ukukula mamita 30–40 kufika pa pheŵe, ndipo zina lake likufuma ku lizgu ilo chikazi chikupanga para chachita wofi? (pachithuzi) * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yingaŵa na uzito wa makilogiramu 3–6, ndipo yingakhala umoyo wa vyaka 10? * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yikukhala chomene mu Eastern Africa|kumafumiro gha zuŵa gha Afri..." 121713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{main page image/DYK|image=Dik-dik.jpg|caption=Dik-dik ku Kenya}} * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] ni mtundu wa mphala uchoko chomene uwo ukukula mamita 30–40 kufika pa pheŵe, ndipo zina lake likufuma ku lizgu ilo chikazi chikupanga para chachita wofi? (pachithuzi) * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yingaŵa na uzito wa makilogiramu 3–6, ndipo yingakhala umoyo wa vyaka 10? * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yikukhala chomene mu [[Eastern Africa|kumafumiro gha zuŵa gha Africa]] na [[Southern Africa|kumwera kwa Africa]]? * ... kuti [[Dik-dik|dik-dik]] yikukhozga kusunga maji mu thupi mwakuti yingazizipizga malo ghakuuma? * ... kuti [[Axolotl|axolotl]] yingamerezgaso viŵaro vyake vinyake para vyapwetekeka? * ... kuti [[Wombat|wombat]] ndiyo nyama yakumanyikwa iyo yikupanga vinthu vyakufumapo vya thupi vyakuyana na ma cube? * ... kuti [[Platypus|platypus]] ni mamalia iyo yikupanga mahe ndipo yili na mulomo wakuyana na wa bakha? * ... kuti [[Pangolin|pangolin]] yili na thupi lakuphimbika na masikelo gha keratin agho ghakovwira kuyivikilira? * ... kuti [[Rafflesia arnoldii|Rafflesia arnoldii]] lili limoza mwa maluŵa ghakuru chomene pa charu chose? * ... kuti [[Mantis shrimp|mantis shrimp]] yingaŵa na nkhonya yambura kumanyikwa chifukwa cha liŵiro lake likuru chomene? * ... kuti [[Sea otter|sea otter]] yikugwiliskira ntchito malibwe pakubwangandura magomba gha nyama izo yikurya? * ... kuti [[Wandering albatross|wandering albatross]] yili na mapapindo ghakutambasuka chomene kuluska viyuni vinandi, ghakufika pafupifupi mamita 3.7? {{flatlist|class=dyk-footer noprint|style=margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: right;}} {{endflatlist}} <noinclude>[[Category:Kasi mukumanya mu Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Kasi mukumanya mu Chitumbuka mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> hvhlpsxt0vhv4go0rr60atft4fb6asa 4 49507 121714 2026-09-05T21:40:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "[[File:PSM V05 D400 Joseph Priestley.jpg|thumb|150px|Joseph Priestley (pachithuzi)]] * Mu 1291, [[Old Swiss Confederacy|Chigwirizano cha Switzerland]] chikakhazikiskika, apo vigaŵa vya [[Uri]], [[Schwyz]] na [[Unterwalden]] vikachita [[Federal Charter of 1291|Phangano la Chigwirizano la 1291]]. * Mu 1774, musayansi wa ku [[United Kingdom|Britain]] [[Joseph Priestley]] wakasanga gasi wa [[Oxygen|okisijeni]], apo wakachitanga kafukufuku ku Wiltshire. (pachithuzi) Josep..." 121714 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:PSM V05 D400 Joseph Priestley.jpg|thumb|150px|Joseph Priestley (pachithuzi)]] * Mu 1291, [[Old Swiss Confederacy|Chigwirizano cha Switzerland]] chikakhazikiskika, apo vigaŵa vya [[Uri]], [[Schwyz]] na [[Unterwalden]] vikachita [[Federal Charter of 1291|Phangano la Chigwirizano la 1291]]. * Mu 1774, musayansi wa ku [[United Kingdom|Britain]] [[Joseph Priestley]] wakasanga gasi wa [[Oxygen|okisijeni]], apo wakachitanga kafukufuku ku Wiltshire. (pachithuzi) [[Joseph Priestley|Vinandi...]] * Mu 1914, [[Germany|Germany]] yikapharazga nkhondo ku [[Russian Empire|Ufumu wa Russia]] pa nyengo ya [[Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Charu Chose]]. * Mu 1927, [[Nanchang Uprising|Kuwukira kwa Nanchang]] kukamba, ndipo kukaŵa nkhondo yakwamba yikuru pakati pa [[Kuomintang]] na [[Chinese Communist Party|Chipani cha Chikomyunizimu cha China]] pa [[Chinese Civil War|Nkhondo ya Pachanya ya China]]. * Mu 1981, [[MTV]] yikamba kuwulutsa mapulogiramu ku [[United States]], ndipo vidiyo yakwamba iyo yikawoneska yikaŵa “Video Killed the Radio Star” ya gulu la [[The Buggles]]. 4gb6c7sp0iagxuu040aminxuy9fr5pq 4 49508 121715 2026-09-05T21:40:54Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "[[File:PSM V05 D400 Joseph Priestley.jpg|thumb|150px|Joseph Priestley (pachithuzi)]] * Mu 1291, [[Old Swiss Confederacy|Chigwirizano cha Switzerland]] chikakhazikiskika, apo vigaŵa vya [[Uri]], [[Schwyz]] na [[Unterwalden]] vikachita [[Federal Charter of 1291|Phangano la Chigwirizano la 1291]]. * Mu 1774, musayansi wa ku [[United Kingdom|Britain]] [[Joseph Priestley]] wakasanga gasi wa [[Oxygen|okisijeni]], apo wakachitanga kafukufuku ku Wiltshire. (pachithuzi) Josep..." 121715 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:PSM V05 D400 Joseph Priestley.jpg|thumb|150px|Joseph Priestley (pachithuzi)]] * Mu 1291, [[Old Swiss Confederacy|Chigwirizano cha Switzerland]] chikakhazikiskika, apo vigaŵa vya [[Uri]], [[Schwyz]] na [[Unterwalden]] vikachita [[Federal Charter of 1291|Phangano la Chigwirizano la 1291]]. * Mu 1774, musayansi wa ku [[United Kingdom|Britain]] [[Joseph Priestley]] wakasanga gasi wa [[Oxygen|okisijeni]], apo wakachitanga kafukufuku ku Wiltshire. (pachithuzi) [[Joseph Priestley|Vinandi...]] * Mu 1914, [[Germany|Germany]] yikapharazga nkhondo ku [[Russian Empire|Ufumu wa Russia]] pa nyengo ya [[Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Charu Chose]]. * Mu 1927, [[Nanchang Uprising|Kuwukira kwa Nanchang]] kukamba, ndipo kukaŵa nkhondo yakwamba yikuru pakati pa [[Kuomintang]] na [[Chinese Communist Party|Chipani cha Chikomyunizimu cha China]] pa [[Chinese Civil War|Nkhondo ya Pachanya ya China]]. * Mu 1981, [[MTV]] yikamba kuwulutsa mapulogiramu ku [[United States]], ndipo vidiyo yakwamba iyo yikawoneska yikaŵa “Video Killed the Radio Star” ya gulu la [[The Buggles]]. 4gb6c7sp0iagxuu040aminxuy9fr5pq 4 49509 121716 2026-09-05T21:41:29Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "'''Mndandanda uwu ngwakukhwaskana na charu cha [[Zambia]]''' <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|thumb|left|Mbendela ya [[Zambia]]]] </div> * [[1888]] - Chigaŵa cha sono cha [[Zambia]] chikaŵa pasi pa mazaza gha [[United Kingdom|Britain]] ndipo chikazgoka chigaŵa chakuwusikika na Britain.<br> * [[1911]] - [[Northern Rhodesia]] yikapangika nga ni chigaŵa chakuwusika na [[British South Africa Company]].<br> * [[1924]] - Boma la Br..." 121716 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mndandanda uwu ngwakukhwaskana na charu cha [[Zambia]]''' <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|thumb|left|Mbendela ya [[Zambia]]]] </div> * [[1888]] - Chigaŵa cha sono cha [[Zambia]] chikaŵa pasi pa mazaza gha [[United Kingdom|Britain]] ndipo chikazgoka chigaŵa chakuwusikika na Britain.<br> * [[1911]] - [[Northern Rhodesia]] yikapangika nga ni chigaŵa chakuwusika na [[British South Africa Company]].<br> * [[1924]] - Boma la Britain likatora mazaza gha [[Northern Rhodesia]] kufuma ku British South Africa Company.<br> * [[1948]] - [[Northern Rhodesia Congress]] yikakhazikika, iyo yikazgoka chigaŵa chakuzirwa pa kulimbikira wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵa mu Africa.<br> * [[1953-08-01|1953]] - [[Northern Rhodesia]] yikamba kuŵa chigaŵa cha [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland|Federation of Rhodesia na Nyasaland]].<br> * [[1963-12-31|1963]] - [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland|Federation ya Rhodesia na Nyasaland]] yikamara.<br> * [[1964-10-24|1964]] - [[Zambia]] yikapokera wanangwa kufuma ku [[United Kingdom|Britain]], ndipo [[Kenneth Kaunda]] wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba.<br> * [[1991-11-02|1991]] - [[Frederick Chiluba]] wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti, ndipo [[Movement for Multi-Party Democracy]] yikathereska [[United National Independence Party]].<br> * [[2011-09-23|2011]] - [[Michael Sata]] wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti wa Zambia.<br> * [[2021-08-24|2021]] - [[Hakainde Hichilema]] wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti wa Zambia kufuma ku [[United Party for National Development]].<br> <!--HooksEnd--> {{flatlist|class=dyk-footer noprint|style=margin-top:0.5em; text-align:right;}} {{endflatlist}} <noinclude>[[Category:Mndandanda wa nyengo za vyakuchitika mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> 9egmmk3y5qy5prgoqq8qw2kwrpbpwnw 4 49510 121717 2026-09-05T21:41:42Z Tumbuka Arch 6863 Created page with "'''Mndandanda uwu ngwakukhwaskana na charu cha [[Zambia]]''' <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|thumb|left|Mbendela ya [[Zambia]]]] </div> * [[1888]] - Chigaŵa cha sono cha [[Zambia]] chikaŵa pasi pa mazaza gha [[United Kingdom|Britain]] ndipo chikazgoka chigaŵa chakuwusikika na Britain.<br> * [[1911]] - [[Northern Rhodesia]] yikapangika nga ni chigaŵa chakuwusika na [[British South Africa Company]].<br> * [[1924]] - Boma la Br..." 121717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mndandanda uwu ngwakukhwaskana na charu cha [[Zambia]]''' <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|thumb|left|Mbendela ya [[Zambia]]]] </div> * [[1888]] - Chigaŵa cha sono cha [[Zambia]] chikaŵa pasi pa mazaza gha [[United Kingdom|Britain]] ndipo chikazgoka chigaŵa chakuwusikika na Britain.<br> * [[1911]] - [[Northern Rhodesia]] yikapangika nga ni chigaŵa chakuwusika na [[British South Africa Company]].<br> * [[1924]] - Boma la Britain likatora mazaza gha [[Northern Rhodesia]] kufuma ku British South Africa Company.<br> * [[1948]] - [[Northern Rhodesia Congress]] yikakhazikika, iyo yikazgoka chigaŵa chakuzirwa pa kulimbikira wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵa mu Africa.<br> * [[1953-08-01|1953]] - [[Northern Rhodesia]] yikamba kuŵa chigaŵa cha [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland|Federation of Rhodesia na Nyasaland]].<br> * [[1963-12-31|1963]] - [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland|Federation ya Rhodesia na Nyasaland]] yikamara.<br> * [[1964-10-24|1964]] - [[Zambia]] yikapokera wanangwa kufuma ku [[United Kingdom|Britain]], ndipo [[Kenneth Kaunda]] wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba.<br> * [[1991-11-02|1991]] - [[Frederick Chiluba]] wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti, ndipo [[Movement for Multi-Party Democracy]] yikathereska [[United National Independence Party]].<br> * [[2011-09-23|2011]] - [[Michael Sata]] wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti wa Zambia.<br> * [[2021-08-24|2021]] - [[Hakainde Hichilema]] wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti wa Zambia kufuma ku [[United Party for National Development]].<br> <!--HooksEnd--> {{flatlist|class=dyk-footer noprint|style=margin-top:0.5em; text-align:right;}} {{endflatlist}} <noinclude>[[Category:Mndandanda wa nyengo za vyakuchitika mu mwezi wa Ogasiti]]</noinclude> <noinclude>[[Category:Vyakulemba vya pa chikaya cha Chitumbuka]]</noinclude> 9egmmk3y5qy5prgoqq8qw2kwrpbpwnw 0 49511 121718 2026-09-06T01:54:48Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "[[Image:Garammasalaphoto.jpg|thumb|Garam masala wakugaya pasi|alt=]] '''Garam masala''' ([[ChiHindi]]: {{lang|hi|garam masālā}}, {{lit|masipayisi ghakotcha panji ghakufunda}}) ni kusazgako vyakununkhira vya pasi ivyo vikufuma ku [[Indian Subcontinent]]. Wakusangika chomene mu vyakurya vya ku [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]], na [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radhuni Garam Masala - Online Grocery Shopping and Delivery in Bangladesh |url=https://chaldal.com/radh..." 121718 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Garammasalaphoto.jpg|thumb|Garam masala wakugaya pasi|alt=]] '''Garam masala''' ([[ChiHindi]]: {{lang|hi|garam masālā}}, {{lit|masipayisi ghakotcha panji ghakufunda}}) ni kusazgako vyakununkhira vya pasi ivyo vikufuma ku [[Indian Subcontinent]]. Wakusangika chomene mu vyakurya vya ku [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]], na [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radhuni Garam Masala - Online Grocery Shopping and Delivery in Bangladesh |url=https://chaldal.com/radhuni-garam-masala-40-gm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241221050650/https://chaldal.com/radhuni-garam-masala-40-gm |archive-date=21 December 2024 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Grocery}}</ref> Ŵakugwiliskira ntchito yekha panji na vyakununkhira vinyake. Kusakanizga kwapadera kukupambana kuyana na malo, kweni nyengo zose ŵakusazgako vyakununkhira nga ni cardamom, sinamoni, cumin, maclove, mahamba gha bay, star anise, na peppercorn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gurjar |first=Rachel |date=16 May 2022 |title=Garam Masala Is My Love Language |url=https://www.bonappetit.com/story/how-to-make-garam-masala-at-home |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Bon Appétit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2024 |title=Garam Masala: A Simple Road to Delicious Indian Dishes |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-garam-masala-995690 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=The Spruce Eats |language=en}}</ref> Garam masala wakugwiriskirika nchito mu vyakurya vinandi, kusazgapo marinade, mapikili, vyakuphika, na curry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 November 2023 |title=14 Flavorful Recipes Using Garam Masala |url=https://www.tasteofhome.com/collection/recipes-using-garam-masala/ |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Taste of Home |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Harris |first=Kimi |date=4 January 2015 |title=Garam Masala No Cook Pickled Onions |url=https://www.thenourishinggourmet.com/garam-masala-no-cook-pickled-onions/ |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=www.thenourishinggourmet.com |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Ukaboni== {{reflist}} == Malinki gha kuwaro == * [https://chillyflake.com/spices-names-in-english-and-hindi/ Zina la vyakununkhira mu ChiHindi na ChiNgelezi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001201630/https://chillyflake.com/spices-names-in-english-and-hindi/ |date=1 October 2022 }} [[Category:Vyakurya]] [[Category:Masipayisi]] t7yl6rmo35gnijzu4fbmy45wi26izp0 121720 121718 2026-09-06T01:55:38Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 +Comment 121720 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Garammasalaphoto.jpg|thumb|Garam masala wakugaya pasi|alt=]] '''Garam masala''' ([[ChiHindi]]: {{lang|hi|garam masālā}}, {{lit|masipayisi ghakotcha panji ghakufunda}}) ni kusazgako vyakununkhira vya pasi ivyo vikufuma ku [[Indian Subcontinent]]. Wakusangika chomene mu vyakurya vya ku [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]], na [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radhuni Garam Masala - Online Grocery Shopping and Delivery in Bangladesh |url=https://chaldal.com/radhuni-garam-masala-40-gm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241221050650/https://chaldal.com/radhuni-garam-masala-40-gm |archive-date=21 December 2024 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Grocery}}</ref> Ŵakugwiliskira ntchito yekha panji na vyakununkhira vinyake. Kusakanizga kwapadera kukupambana kuyana na malo, kweni nyengo zose ŵakusazgako vyakununkhira nga ni cardamom, sinamoni, cumin, maclove, mahamba gha bay, star anise, na peppercorn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gurjar |first=Rachel |date=16 May 2022 |title=Garam Masala Is My Love Language |url=https://www.bonappetit.com/story/how-to-make-garam-masala-at-home |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Bon Appétit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2024 |title=Garam Masala: A Simple Road to Delicious Indian Dishes |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-garam-masala-995690 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=The Spruce Eats |language=en}}</ref> Garam masala wakugwiriskirika nchito mu vyakurya vinandi, kusazgapo marinade, mapikili, vyakuphika, na curry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 November 2023 |title=14 Flavorful Recipes Using Garam Masala |url=https://www.tasteofhome.com/collection/recipes-using-garam-masala/ |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Taste of Home |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Harris |first=Kimi |date=4 January 2015 |title=Garam Masala No Cook Pickled Onions |url=https://www.thenourishinggourmet.com/garam-masala-no-cook-pickled-onions/ |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=www.thenourishinggourmet.com |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Ukaboni== {{reflist}} == Malinki gha kuwaro == * [https://chillyflake.com/spices-names-in-english-and-hindi/ Zina la vyakununkhira mu ChiHindi na ChiNgelezi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001201630/https://chillyflake.com/spices-names-in-english-and-hindi/ |date=1 October 2022 }} <!-- The categories need word -> [[Category:Vyakurya]] [[Category:Masipayisi]] qembjbjkq7fblggueqtrd4dla0p2426 121721 121720 2026-09-06T01:56:01Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 +Comment 121721 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Garammasalaphoto.jpg|thumb|Garam masala wakugaya pasi|alt=]] '''Garam masala''' ([[ChiHindi]]: {{lang|hi|garam masālā}}, {{lit|masipayisi ghakotcha panji ghakufunda}}) ni kusazgako vyakununkhira vya pasi ivyo vikufuma ku [[Indian Subcontinent]]. Wakusangika chomene mu vyakurya vya ku [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]], na [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radhuni Garam Masala - Online Grocery Shopping and Delivery in Bangladesh |url=https://chaldal.com/radhuni-garam-masala-40-gm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241221050650/https://chaldal.com/radhuni-garam-masala-40-gm |archive-date=21 December 2024 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Grocery}}</ref> Ŵakugwiliskira ntchito yekha panji na vyakununkhira vinyake. Kusakanizga kwapadera kukupambana kuyana na malo, kweni nyengo zose ŵakusazgako vyakununkhira nga ni cardamom, sinamoni, cumin, maclove, mahamba gha bay, star anise, na peppercorn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gurjar |first=Rachel |date=16 May 2022 |title=Garam Masala Is My Love Language |url=https://www.bonappetit.com/story/how-to-make-garam-masala-at-home |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Bon Appétit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2024 |title=Garam Masala: A Simple Road to Delicious Indian Dishes |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-garam-masala-995690 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=The Spruce Eats |language=en}}</ref> Garam masala wakugwiriskirika nchito mu vyakurya vinandi, kusazgapo marinade, mapikili, vyakuphika, na curry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 November 2023 |title=14 Flavorful Recipes Using Garam Masala |url=https://www.tasteofhome.com/collection/recipes-using-garam-masala/ |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Taste of Home |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Harris |first=Kimi |date=4 January 2015 |title=Garam Masala No Cook Pickled Onions |url=https://www.thenourishinggourmet.com/garam-masala-no-cook-pickled-onions/ |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=www.thenourishinggourmet.com |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Ukaboni== {{reflist}} == Malinki gha kuwaro == * [https://chillyflake.com/spices-names-in-english-and-hindi/ Zina la vyakununkhira mu ChiHindi na ChiNgelezi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001201630/https://chillyflake.com/spices-names-in-english-and-hindi/ |date=1 October 2022 }} <!-- The categories need work --> [[Category:Vyakurya]] [[Category:Masipayisi]] 2p5k4o8tbzs37y1w356znkppebug7g7 1 49512 121719 2026-09-06T01:55:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49513 121726 2026-09-06T04:44:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 1 49514 121728 2026-09-06T04:53:26Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121728 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li 0 49515 121730 2026-09-06T05:05:04Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{Databox}} '''Reddit''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|ɛ|d|ᵻ|t|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Reddit.wav}} {{respell|RED|it}}, kale wakapangika '''reddit''') ni [[America]] wakuwunganya nkhani za pa intaneti na foramu ya pa intaneti. Ŵanthu awo ŵali kulembeska (awo ŵakuchemeka kuti "redditors") ŵakupeleka vinthu pa saiti nga ni malinki, malemba, vithuzithuzi, na mavidiyo, ivyo pamanyuma vikuvotera pachanya panji pasi ("upvoted" panji "downvoted") na ŵanyawo. Ivyo vikule..." 121730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Reddit''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|ɛ|d|ᵻ|t|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Reddit.wav}} {{respell|RED|it}}, kale wakapangika '''reddit''') ni [[America]] wakuwunganya nkhani za pa intaneti na foramu ya pa intaneti. Ŵanthu awo ŵali kulembeska (awo ŵakuchemeka kuti "redditors") ŵakupeleka vinthu pa saiti nga ni malinki, malemba, vithuzithuzi, na mavidiyo, ivyo pamanyuma vikuvotera pachanya panji pasi ("upvoted" panji "downvoted") na ŵanyawo. Ivyo vikulembeka vikuŵikika na nkhani mu mabodi ghakupangika na ŵakugwiliskira ntchito ghakuchemeka "subreddits". Vinthu ivyo vikutumizgika na mavoti ghanandi vikuwoneka pachanya pa subreddit yawo ndipo, usange ŵapokera mavoti ghakukwana, pamanyuma pake pa tchati chakwamba cha [[Webusaiti|webusayiti]]. Ŵalongozgi ŵa Reddit ŵakulaŵilira mitundu. Kulaŵilira kukuchitikaso na ŵalaŵiliri ŵa subreddit, awo mbakujipeleka kwambura kulipira. Iwo ukuchitika na '''Reddit, Inc.''', iyo yili ku [[San Francisco]].<ref name="Similarweb-2024">{{Cite web |date=August 2024 |title=reddit.com Traffic Analytics, Ranking & Audience |url=https://www.similarweb.com/website/reddit.com/#overview |access-date=September 29, 2024 |website=Similarweb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Careers - Reddit |url= https://www.redditinc.com/careers |access-date=June 16, 2023 |website=Reddit |archive-date=October 12, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231012160627/https://www.redditinc.com/careers |url-status=live }}</ref> Reddit ni yimoza mwa mawebusaiti agho ŵanthu ŵakulutako chomene. Pafupifupi 10% ya ndalama izo kampani iyi yikusanga zikufuma ku malonda gha layisensi na [[Google]] na [[OpenAI]], agho ghakumara mu 2027, kuti ŵapeleke layisensi ya data kuti ŵasambizge viyelezgero vya vinjeru vyakupangika.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.adweek.com/social-marketing/ai-licensing-deals-with-google-and-openai-make-up-10-of-reddits-revenue/ | title=AI Licensing Deals With Google and OpenAI Make Up Nearly 10% of Reddit's Revenue | first=Kendra | last=Barnett | work=[[Adweek]] | date=February 12, 2025}}</ref> Ndalama izo zakhalako za kampani iyi zikufuma ku malonda gha pa Intaneti; chigaŵa chichoko chikufuma ku vinthu ivyo vikuguliskika mwaluŵiro ku awo ŵakuvigwiriskira ntchito. Reddit wakakhazikiska [[Steve Huffman]] na [[Alexis Ohanian]] awo ŵakakhalanga nawo pa [[Virginia#Yunivesite ya Virginia|Yunivesite ya Virginia]] mu Juni 2005, awo ŵakakolerana na [[Aaron Swartz]] mu Novembala uwo. Condé Nast Publications ghakasanga malo agha mu Okutobala 2006. Mu 2011, Reddit yikazgoka kampani yakujiyimira payokha ya kampani ya Condé Nast, Advance Publications.<ref>{{cite news |last=Carr |first=David |date=September 2, 2012 |title=Reddit Thrives Under Hands-Off Policy of Advance Publications |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/03/business/media/reddit-thrives-after-advance-publications-let-it-sink-or-swim.html |url-access=limited |access-date=March 22, 2019 |quote=And when it became clear that Reddit was hamstrung in competition for leadership and engineers as part of Condé Nast, the company was spun out as an operationally independent subsidiary in 2011. |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201112033522/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/03/business/media/reddit-thrives-after-advance-publications-let-it-sink-or-swim.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Reddit yamanyikwa chifukwa cha ntchito yake mu ndyali, chomenechomene ku United States, na mitundu yakumanyikwa ya kumanzere na yakususka chiuta pa webusayiti.<ref name="Lopez-2015">{{Cite web |last=Lopez |first=German |date=February 11, 2015 |title=Chapel Hill shooting forces uncomfortable conversations among Reddit's atheists |url=https://www.vox.com/2015/2/11/8019729/chapel-hill-shooting-atheism |access-date=December 9, 2024 |website=Vox |language=en-US}}</ref> Iwo ŵapokera kulumba chifukwa cha vinthu vinandi ivyo ŵali navyo, nga ni luso lwa kupanga ma subreddits ghanandi gha mitundu ya niche. Iwo ŵasuskika chifukwa cha kuthandazga uthenga uheni na ndondomeko yake yakuvotera iyo yingakhozga vipinda vya echo vya pa intaneti.<ref name="Senator Ben Ray Luján-2021">{{cite web |date=October 6, 2021 |title=Luján, Klobuchar, Heinrich Urge Reddit to Combat Health Misinformation |url=https://www.lujan.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/lujan-klobuchar-heinrich-urge-reddit-to-combat-health-misinformation/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912073630/https://www.lujan.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/lujan-klobuchar-heinrich-urge-reddit-to-combat-health-misinformation/ |archive-date=September 12, 2023 |website=Senator Ben Ray Luján |publisher=[[United States Senate]]}}</ref> == Ukaboni == <references /> == Malinki gha kuwaro == {{Sister project links|wikt=no|commons=Reddit|commonscat=yes|n=Reddit|q=no|s=no|b=no|v=Reddit for learning|d=Q1136}} * {{Official website}} * [https://www.stitcher.com/show/how-i-built-this/episode/live-episode-reddit-alexis-ohanian-steve-huffman-51300688 "Live Episode! Reddit: Alexis Ohanian & Steve Huffman"]—''[[How I Built This]]'' (audio interview with founders) [[Category:Malo ghakuchezgerapo]] [[Category:Reddit]] pzmyc59h0gepwy36q9vy6db6nhy9z9x 121732 121730 2026-09-06T05:06:27Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 121732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Reddit''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|ɛ|d|ᵻ|t|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Reddit.wav}} {{respell|RED|it}}, kale wakapangika '''reddit''') ni [[America]] wakuwunganya nkhani za pa [[intaneti]] na foramu ya pa intaneti. Ŵanthu awo ŵali kulembeska (awo ŵakuchemeka kuti "redditors") ŵakupeleka vinthu pa saiti nga ni malinki, malemba, vithuzithuzi, na mavidiyo, ivyo pamanyuma vikuvotera pachanya panji pasi ("upvoted" panji "downvoted") na ŵanyawo. Ivyo vikulembeka vikuŵikika na nkhani mu mabodi ghakupangika na ŵakugwiliskira ntchito ghakuchemeka "subreddits". Vinthu ivyo vikutumizgika na mavoti ghanandi vikuwoneka pachanya pa subreddit yawo ndipo, usange ŵapokera mavoti ghakukwana, pamanyuma pake pa tchati chakwamba cha [[Webusaiti|webusayiti]]. Ŵalongozgi ŵa Reddit ŵakulaŵilira mitundu. Kulaŵilira kukuchitikaso na ŵalaŵiliri ŵa subreddit, awo mbakujipeleka kwambura kulipira. Iwo ukuchitika na '''Reddit, Inc.''', iyo yili ku [[San Francisco]].<ref name="Similarweb-2024">{{Cite web |date=August 2024 |title=reddit.com Traffic Analytics, Ranking & Audience |url=https://www.similarweb.com/website/reddit.com/#overview |access-date=September 29, 2024 |website=Similarweb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Careers - Reddit |url= https://www.redditinc.com/careers |access-date=June 16, 2023 |website=Reddit |archive-date=October 12, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231012160627/https://www.redditinc.com/careers |url-status=live }}</ref> Reddit ni yimoza mwa mawebusaiti agho ŵanthu ŵakulutako chomene. Pafupifupi 10% ya ndalama izo kampani iyi yikusanga zikufuma ku malonda gha layisensi na [[Google]] na [[OpenAI]], agho ghakumara mu 2027, kuti ŵapeleke layisensi ya data kuti ŵasambizge viyelezgero vya vinjeru vyakupangika.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.adweek.com/social-marketing/ai-licensing-deals-with-google-and-openai-make-up-10-of-reddits-revenue/ | title=AI Licensing Deals With Google and OpenAI Make Up Nearly 10% of Reddit's Revenue | first=Kendra | last=Barnett | work=[[Adweek]] | date=February 12, 2025}}</ref> Ndalama izo zakhalako za kampani iyi zikufuma ku malonda gha pa Intaneti; chigaŵa chichoko chikufuma ku vinthu ivyo vikuguliskika mwaluŵiro ku awo ŵakuvigwiriskira ntchito. Reddit wakakhazikiska [[Steve Huffman]] na [[Alexis Ohanian]] awo ŵakakhalanga nawo pa [[Virginia#Yunivesite ya Virginia|Yunivesite ya Virginia]] mu Juni 2005, awo ŵakakolerana na [[Aaron Swartz]] mu Novembala uwo. Condé Nast Publications ghakasanga malo agha mu Okutobala 2006. Mu 2011, Reddit yikazgoka kampani yakujiyimira payokha ya kampani ya Condé Nast, Advance Publications.<ref>{{cite news |last=Carr |first=David |date=September 2, 2012 |title=Reddit Thrives Under Hands-Off Policy of Advance Publications |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/03/business/media/reddit-thrives-after-advance-publications-let-it-sink-or-swim.html |url-access=limited |access-date=March 22, 2019 |quote=And when it became clear that Reddit was hamstrung in competition for leadership and engineers as part of Condé Nast, the company was spun out as an operationally independent subsidiary in 2011. |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201112033522/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/03/business/media/reddit-thrives-after-advance-publications-let-it-sink-or-swim.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Reddit yamanyikwa chifukwa cha ntchito yake mu ndyali, chomenechomene ku United States, na mitundu yakumanyikwa ya kumanzere na yakususka chiuta pa webusayiti.<ref name="Lopez-2015">{{Cite web |last=Lopez |first=German |date=February 11, 2015 |title=Chapel Hill shooting forces uncomfortable conversations among Reddit's atheists |url=https://www.vox.com/2015/2/11/8019729/chapel-hill-shooting-atheism |access-date=December 9, 2024 |website=Vox |language=en-US}}</ref> Iwo ŵapokera kulumba chifukwa cha vinthu vinandi ivyo ŵali navyo, nga ni luso lwa kupanga ma subreddits ghanandi gha mitundu ya niche. Iwo ŵasuskika chifukwa cha kuthandazga uthenga uheni na ndondomeko yake yakuvotera iyo yingakhozga vipinda vya echo vya pa intaneti.<ref name="Senator Ben Ray Luján-2021">{{cite web |date=October 6, 2021 |title=Luján, Klobuchar, Heinrich Urge Reddit to Combat Health Misinformation |url=https://www.lujan.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/lujan-klobuchar-heinrich-urge-reddit-to-combat-health-misinformation/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912073630/https://www.lujan.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/lujan-klobuchar-heinrich-urge-reddit-to-combat-health-misinformation/ |archive-date=September 12, 2023 |website=Senator Ben Ray Luján |publisher=[[United States Senate]]}}</ref> == Ukaboni == <references /> == Malinki gha kuwaro == {{Sister project links|wikt=no|commons=Reddit|commonscat=yes|n=Reddit|q=no|s=no|b=no|v=Reddit for learning|d=Q1136}} * {{Official website}} * [https://www.stitcher.com/show/how-i-built-this/episode/live-episode-reddit-alexis-ohanian-steve-huffman-51300688 "Live Episode! Reddit: Alexis Ohanian & Steve Huffman"]—''[[How I Built This]]'' (audio interview with founders) [[Category:Malo ghakuchezgerapo]] [[Category:Reddit]] a2rptwx0hg6p5slxuxspphhzqof7au2 1 49516 121731 2026-09-06T05:05:19Z Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi 11606 Created page with "{{talk header}}" 121731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk header}} frwy0ondkbaajki04xjgq9mnxpg47li