Wikipedia vewiki https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayani MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 10 4753 22458 21289 2026-05-30T20:21:45Z CHjared 9455 22458 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="center">''Ino ndi mbetshelwa ya u ṅwala [[Wikipedia]] nga [[tshiVenḓa]].'' ''Arali vha tshi amba ulu luambo na hone vha tshi nga kona, kha vha thuse nga u ṅwala Encyclopedia ya tshiVenḓa.'' U wana mafhungo nga vhudalo kha vha dzhene kha [[:en:Main_Page|Webusaithi]]..</div> h156ojwnvkapjbfkm1nbx4mjojezbej 0 5256 22462 20639 2026-05-31T00:14:09Z InternetArchiveBot 6098 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 22462 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[TLD]][[(Tenofovir, Lamivudine and dolutegravir)|(Tenofovir disoproxil , Lamivudine and dolutegravir)]]'''<ref>[https://www.spotlightnsp.co.za/2023/07/17/over-4-7m-people-in-sa-placed-on-new-hiv-med-in-four-years/#:~:text=Today%2C%20TLD%20is%20the%20recommended,dolutegravir%20containing%20regimens%20in%20kids. https://www.spotlightnsp.co.za/2023/07/17/over-4-7m-people-in-sa-placed-on-new-hiv-med-in-four-years/#:~:text=Today%2C%20TLD%20is%20the%20recommended,dolutegravir%20containing%20regimens%20in%20kids.]</ref> yo themendelwa nga dzangano ḽa shango ḽa zwa mutakalo. Ndi kuitele kwa u thoma kwo nagwaho u alafha [[HIV.]] I nga dovha ya shumiswa musi dzilafho ḽo shumiswaho u thomani ḽi songo shuma. Vhathu vhane vha tea u shumisa TLD ndi vhathu vhoṱhe vhane vha tshila na HIV. Vhathu vhare na [[vhulwadze ha TB]] fhedzi vhono fhedza dzilafho ḽa TB ḽavho<ref>https://www.croiconference.org/abstract/effectiveness-of-dolutegravir-in-people-on-rifampin-based-tuberculosis-treatment/</ref>. Mbuelo dza TLD ndi u kwiṋisa matshilo a vhathu vhane vha tshila na vhulwadze avho. i thusa u thivhela u phaḓalala ha vairasi nga u ṱavhanya.I na masiandaitwa maṱuku, ndi philisi ṱhukhu ine yo leluwa u i shumisa. [[File:HIV-infected T cell (6813384933).jpg|left|thumb|Tshitzhili muvhilini]] === U shumiswa nga vho ḓi hwalaho === [[Vhafumakadzi vho ḓihwalaho]] na avho vhane vha khou pulana u ḓihwala vha fanela u ḓivhadzwa nga ha mbuelo na khohakhombo dza ndeme dza TLD na vhashumeli vha zwa mutakalo vha vho dzhia tsheo ya zwo ḓivhadzwaho.Vhafumakadzi vho ḓi hwalaho vha khou ṱuṱuwedziwa uri arali vhasa athu thoma u ṅwa phililisi vha thome u ṅwa u thivhela u i fhirisela kha ṅwana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://bettercare.co.za/perinatal-hiv/02.html#:~:text=2-39%20When%20can%20pregnant,or%20who%20are%20considering%20pregnancy |access-date=2024-08-27 |archive-date=2024-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240827103833/https://bettercare.co.za/perinatal-hiv/02.html#:~:text=2-39%20When%20can%20pregnant,or%20who%20are%20considering%20pregnancy |dead-url=yes }}</ref> == Ndaedzi == [[Category:Philisi ya TLD]] flobp9np3wj0o9jerwmwsoj7fa4937j 0 5894 22461 22456 2026-05-31T00:07:02Z InternetArchiveBot 6098 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 22461 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Piel Frama''' é uma fabricante espanhola de artigos de couro sediada em Ubrique, na província de Cádis, Espanha. A empresa produz acessórios artesanais em couro para dispositivos eletrônicos, incluindo capas para smartphones, tablets e pulseiras para relógios inteligentes. == História == A empresa está localizada em Ubrique, cidade conhecida pela tradição na indústria do couro e manufatura artesanal.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.adelaide.edu.au/library/special/exhibitions/cover-to-cover/leather/ |title=Leather and Bookbinding History |website=University of Adelaide Library |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> A produção de artigos de couro na região está associada ao desenvolvimento histórico da indústria de curtumes na Espanha e em outros países europeus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.miga.org/documents/TanningandLeatherFinishing.pdf |title=Tanning and Leather Finishing Industry Overview |website=Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> == Produtos == A Piel Frama fabrica capas de couro para aparelhos de marcas como Apple, Samsung e Huawei, além de acessórios para relógios inteligentes e tablets. Entre os produtos comercializados estão capas tipo carteira, estojos protetores e pulseiras em couro para smartwatches. O crescimento do mercado de acessórios móveis ocorreu paralelamente à expansão da indústria de smartphones e dispositivos vestíveis.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/02/22/samsung-gear-2/ |title=Samsung Gear 2 Preview |website=Engadget |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_gear_2-review-1057.php |title=Samsung Gear 2 Review |website=GSMArena |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> O desenvolvimento de sistemas magnéticos de refrigeração e acessórios móveis também influenciou o segmento de capas e acessórios premium.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gizmochina.com/2023/04/17/oneplus-45w-liquid-cooling-back-clip-showcased-mwc-2023-hits-china-price/ |title=OnePlus Magnetic Cooling Accessory |website=Gizmochina |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chargerlab.com/exploring-these-magnetic-phone-coolers-for-iphone-15-series/ |title=Magnetic Phone Coolers for Smartphones |website=ChargerLAB |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> == Fabricação == A empresa afirma utilizar métodos artesanais na fabricação de seus produtos. O couro é tradicionalmente empregado na produção de acessórios devido à durabilidade e flexibilidade do material.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.carlfriedrik.com/blogs/magazine/genuine-leather |title=What is Genuine Leather? |website=Carl Friedrik |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> O processo de curtimento do couro envolve tratamentos químicos e mecânicos destinados à preservação da pele animal.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Ultrasound assisted vegetable tanning process |journal=Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |doi=10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.03.002 |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> Estudos também discutem os impactos ambientais da indústria coureira e alternativas sustentáveis para o setor.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Environmental impacts of leather production and sustainable alternatives |journal=Journal of Cleaner Production |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652622013683 |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> == Questões ambientais e éticas == A indústria do couro tem sido objeto de debates relacionados ao impacto ambiental, condições de trabalho e uso de peles animais.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2012/10/08/bangladesh-tanneries-harm-workers-poison-communities |title=Bangladesh Tanneries Harm Workers and Poison Communities |website=Human Rights Watch |access-date=29 maio 2026 |archive-date=2017-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328091609/https://www.hrw.org/news/2012/10/08/bangladesh-tanneries-harm-workers-poison-communities |dead-url= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-clothing/animals-used-clothing-factsheets/leather-animals-abused-killed-skins/ |title=Leather: Animals Abused and Killed for Their Skins |website=PETA |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> Materiais sintéticos utilizados como alternativa ao couro tradicional geralmente são derivados de plásticos à base de petróleo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.livescience.com/33085-petroleum-derived-plastic-non-biodegradable.html |title=Petroleum-based Plastics and Environmental Impact |website=Live Science |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> == Mercado de acessórios == O mercado global de acessórios para dispositivos móveis inclui fabricantes especializados em capas protetoras, botões configuráveis e acessórios magnéticos.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.electronicsweekly.com/gadget-master/gadget-watch/gadget-watch-pressy-the-configurable-smartphone-button-2013-09/ |title=Configurable Smartphone Button Accessories |website=Electronics Weekly |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> Empresas como Baseus e Evelatus também atuam no segmento de acessórios eletrônicos.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://baseus.io/pages/about |title=About Baseus |website=Baseus |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://evelatus.com/ |title=Evelatus Official Website |website=Evelatus |access-date=29 maio 2026}}</ref> == Ver também == * [[Couro]] * [[Curtume]] * [[Acessórios para smartphones]] * [[Relógio inteligente]] == Ligações externas == https://www.pielframa.com fkkgfi8ccsksrijlrzl1axtn8jlnitl 0 5895 22457 2026-05-30T20:14:32Z CHjared 9455 Created page with "{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |- | style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan=2 | {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" | align=left colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg|150px]] | align=right colspan=2 | [[File:Reichsadler Deutsches Reich (1935–1945).svg|90px]] |} |- | colspan="2" align=..." 22457 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |- | style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan=2 | {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" | align=left colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg|150px]] | align=right colspan=2 | [[File:Reichsadler Deutsches Reich (1935–1945).svg|90px]] |} |- | colspan="2" align="center" | |- | align=center colspan=2 | [[File: German Reich (1939).svg|300px]] |} Dzheremane ḽa Vhunazi, kana Dzheremane ḽa Sosiaḽisi ḽa Lushaka, ḽine ḽa dovha ḽa ḓivhiwa sa Third Reich, ndi ipfi ḽa ḓivhazwakale ḽine ḽa ambela kha muvhuso wa Dzheremane vhukati ha 1933 na 1945, nga tshifhinga tsha muvhuso wa Dzangano ḽa Vhashumi ḽa Dzheremane ḽa Sosiaḽisi ya Lushaka (NSDAP). Adolf Hitler o vha e murangaphanḓa waḽo. U shumiswa ha maanḓa nga NSDAP zwo vha zwi tshi ṱaluswa nga mbekanyamaitele dzayo dza vhuvhusi na u kandeledza, khathihi na mihumbulo yayo ya tshiṱalula na ya ultranationalist. I ḓivhelwa nga maanḓa mushumo wayo kha Nndwa ya Shango ya Vhuvhili na zwiitea zwi tshimbidzanaho nazwo, u katela na Holocaust. Nga lwa tshiofisi, dzina ḽa muvhuso ḽo dzula ḽi Deutsches Reich (Muvhuso wa Dzheremane), sa zwe ḽa vha ḽi zwone u bva nga 1871, ḽa shanduka nga 1943 ḽa vha Großdeutsches Reich (Muvhuso Muhulwane wa Dzheremane) nga mulandu wa muhumbulo waḽo wa u tikedza Yuropa. Vhunzhi ha mavundu e a vha o dzhiiwa nga Dzheremane ḽa Vhunazi o vha e tshipiḓa tsha muvhuso wa Dzheremane (Dzheremane Ḽihulwane kana Großdeutschland). Tshifhinga tsha Vhunazi na u shumiswa ha ipfi Reich zwo fhela nga murahu ha musi Dzheremane ḽo no kundwa Nndwani ya Shango ya Vhuvhili. Nga ḽa 30 January, 1933, Muphuresidennde Paul von Hindenburg, ṱhoho ya muvhuso wa Riphabuḽiki ya Weimar, o vhea Hitler uri a vhe Mukhantseḽara wa Dzheremane na ṱhoho ya muvhuso. Dzangano ḽa National Socialist Party ḽo mbo ḓi thoma u fhelisa vhapikisi vhoṱhe vha zwa politiki na u khwaṱhisa maanḓa aḽo. Hindenburg o fa nga ḽa 2 August, 1934, nahone Hitler a vha muvhusi wa tshiṱuhu wa Dzheremane nga u ṱanganya ofisi na maanḓa a mukhantseḽara na muphuresidennde. Referendamu ya lushaka ye ya farwa nga ḽa 19 August, 1934, yo khwaṱhisedza Hitler sa Führer e eṱhe wa Dzheremane. Maanḓa oṱhe o vha o livhiswa kha muthu wa Hitler, nahone ipfi ḽawe ḽo vha mulayo muhulwanesa. Muvhuso wo vha u si tshiimiswa tsho dzudzanyeaho na tshi shumisanaho, fhedzi wo vha u tshigwada tsha zwigwada zwine zwa khou ṱaṱisana u itela u wana maanḓa na u takalelwa nga Hitler. Vhukati ha Mutsiko Muhulwane, Vhunazi ho vhuyedzedza vhudziki ha zwa ekonomi nahone ha fhelisa u shayea ha mishumo ha vhathu vhanzhi nga u shumisa tshelede nnzhi kha zwa mmbi na ekonomi yo pulaniwaho vhukati. Nga zwishumiswa zwiṱuku, muvhuso wo ita mbekanyamushumo khulwane ya tshiphirini ya u vhulunga zwihali na u fhaṱa mishumo mihulwane ya tshitshavha, u katela na bada khulwane. U vhuyelela kha vhudziki ha ikonomi zwo ṱuṱuwedza u ḓivhea ha muvhuso. U khethulula nga lukanda, eugenics ya Vhunazi, nahone nga nṱha ha zwoṱhe, u lwa na Vhayuda zwo vha zwi matombo a mutheo a muhumbulo wa muvhuso. Vhanazi vho vha vha tshi dzhia vhathu vha Dzheremane sa lushaka lwa nṱhesa, davhi ḽo kunaho vhukuma ḽa lushaka lwa Aryan. U khethululwa na u tovholwa ha Vhayuda na Vharoma zwo ṋaṋa nga murahu ha u dzhia muvhuso. Gamba dza u thoma dza tshengedzo dzo thomiwa nga March 1933. Vhayuda na vhaṅwe vhe vha vha vha tshi dzhiiwa sa vha sa takadzi vho valelwa dzhele, nahone vhathu vhane vha tikedza mbofholowo, vhasosiaḽisi, na vhakomunisi vho vhulahwa, vha valelwa dzhele, kana vha thubiwa. Kereke dza Vhukriste na vhadzulapo vhe vha vha vha tshi hanedza muvhuso wa Hitler vho tsikeledzwa, nahone vharangaphanḓa vhanzhi vho valelwa dzhele. Pfunzo yo vha yo sedza kha khethululo ya saintsi, mbekanyamaitele ya vhathu, na u gudisa muvhili wa mmbi. Zwikhala zwa mishumo na pfunzo zwa vhafumakadzi zwo vha zwi zwiṱuku. Mbekanyamushumo ya "Strength Through Joy" yo dzudzanya mishumo ya u ḓimvumvusa na ya vhaendelamashango, nahone Oḽimpiki dza Tshilimo dza 1936 dzo sumbedza Dzheremane kha vhuimo ha dzitshaka. Minisiṱa wa Mafhungo-ngoho Joseph Goebbels o shumisa nga hu bvelelaho dzifilimu, miṱangano ya vhathu vhanzhi, na nyambo dza Hitler dza mazwifhi u itela u ṱuṱuwedza mavhonele a vhathu. Muvhuso wo vha u tshi langa u ḓiṱahisa ha vhutsila, u tshi ṱuṱuwedza dziṅwe tshaka dza vhutsila na u thivhela kana u nyabwisa dziṅwe. Ubva kha hafu ya vhuvhili ya vho 1930 uya phanḓa, Nazi Germany yo ita ṱhoḓea dza vhupo dzine dza vha uri dzo khwaṱha, dzi tshi khou tshuwisa nndwa arali dza sa swikeleliwa. Nga 1935, Saarland yo voutha kha mbudzisavhathu uri i ṱanganele na Dzheremane, nahone nga 1936 Hitler a rumela mmbi dzawe Rhineland, dza bviswa nga murahu ha Nndwa ya Shango ya u Thoma, na kha mavundu o salaho o dzhiiwaho nga Czech. Nga murahunyana ha zwenezwo, Dzheremane ḽo kombetshedza Lithuania uri ḽi ṋekedze Memel kha Muvhuso wa Vhuraru. Dzheremane ḽo saina thendelano ya u sa lwa na Soviet Union nahone ḽa vutshela Poland nga ḽa 1 September, 1939, nga zwenezwo ḽa thoma Nndwa ya Shango ya Vhuvhili ngei Yuropa. Mathomoni a 1941, Dzheremane ḽo sedzana na Vhatikedzi... 2dg4d3aswuz5tbssk25c1ozz30nlrkk 10 5896 22459 2026-05-30T20:55:15Z CHjared 9455 Created page with "{{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}}|{{ns:104}}=<indicator name="articulo-bueno">[[File:Artículo bueno.svg|14px|link=|{{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0=Artículo|104=Anexo}} bueno]]</indicator><includeonly>[]] </includeonly>}}<noinclude>" 22459 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}}|{{ns:104}}=<indicator name="articulo-bueno">[[File:Artículo bueno.svg|14px|link=|{{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0=Artículo|104=Anexo}} bueno]]</indicator><includeonly>[]] </includeonly>}}<noinclude> ku58xb652nzk89o88sq9xodxsl0qmof 22460 22459 2026-05-30T20:55:35Z CHjared 9455 Blanked the page 22460 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1