Wikipedia vewiki https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayani MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.6 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1888 22480 17458 2026-06-12T07:37:06Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to the other page 22480 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Mushomo]] zwi amba u ita tshithu tshiṅwe na tshiṅwe na hone ro ḓiimisela. Zwenezwo zwi amba uri roṱhe ri tea u shuma nga maanḓa uri ri dzule ro takala. 0trxs0zxczknf7t82mj3rb92psh8wbx 0 1897 22493 19232 2026-06-12T08:15:28Z Pfano07 9621 added a refence 22493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ṱhohoyanḓou''' ndi [[ḓorobo]] ya [[Venḓa]]. I wanala kha tshipiḓa tsha devhula tsha vunḓu ḽa [[Limpopo]]. Ṱhohoyanḓou ndi iṅwe ya dziḓorobo dza [[Afurika Tshipembe]] dzi no kho aluwa nga u ṱavhanya. [[Yunivesithi ya Venḓa]] i wanala henefha.Hu na Ṱhohoyanḓou Town Hall, zwikolo zwingaho Ḽiivha, Maruḓe, Ṱhohoyanḓo<ref>https://mapcarta.com/Thohoyandou</ref>u secondary na Ṱhohoyaṋdou Technical High school. Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha [[Shayandima]], [[Makwarela]] na huṅwe tsini vha renga henefha. Hu dovha hafhu ha wanala Venḓa Plaza, Mvusuludzo Mall, Thavhani Mall, Phangame Mall, Khoroni Hotel and Casino khathihi na 2010 ngeyi hune wa nga awela hone kana u rwiwa nga muya. Devhula ha Ṱhohoyanḓou hu wanala ḓorobo ya [[Sibasa]]. Dziṅwe dza dzi ḓorobo dzi no wanala tsini na Thohoyanḓou ndi [[Musina]], [[Louis Trichardt]], na [[Giyani]]. Dziṅwe dza dzi ḓorobo dzi no wanala kha vunḓu la Limpopo vha nga dzi sedza kha “[[Ḓorobo dza Limpopo]]”. {{Vhembe District Municipality}} [[Category:Ḓorobo dza Limpopo]] [[Category:Thohoyanḓou| ]] gxsjy17le0xclwiibj3pwzcay1zg2iy 0 1904 22507 19612 2026-06-12T08:38:03Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22507 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:The Wits University Great Hall.jpg|thumb|Yunivesithi ya Witwatersrand]] == '''Yunivesithi ya Witwatersrand''' ndi [[yunivesithi]] i divheaho nga maanda lifhasini. I wanala ''doroboni ya [[Johannesburg]]. Nd'''i yunivesithi ibvaho phanda nga pfunzu kha la [[Afurika Tshipembe|Afurik]]'''[[Afurika Tshipembe|a Tshipembe]].'' == == Divhazwakale == ## '''T''shikolo tsho thomiwa''''' ''fhala Kimberly nga nwaha wa 1896 sa "Thsik''olo tsha migodi ''tsha furika Tshipembe". Nga 1904 tsha pfulutshela Johannesburg. Nga nwaha wa 1922 tshikolo itshi tsha da tsha pfi nd Yunivesithi ya Witwatersrand.'' == ''Fakhalithi'' == Yunivesithi iyi in dzifakhalithi thanu. - Fakhalithi ya Vhuthu (Humanities) - Fakhalithi ya Saintsi (Science) - Fakhalithi ya Mutakalo (Health Sciences) - Fakhalithi ya Enzhinia na Vhupo(Engineering and the Built Environment) - Fakhalithi ya Vhubindudzi, Mulayo na Vhulanguli (Commerce, Law, and Management) == Zwinzhi nga yunivesithi iyi == * [http://web.wits.ac.za/ Yunivesithi ya Witwatersrand] [[Category:Yunivesithi ya Witwatersrand| ]] e8tulrg1pvj6ivd6n3ya607n0il17d2 0 1910 22482 4753 2026-06-12T07:39:49Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22482 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muvhango''' u vha hone hu tshi vhangiwa vhuhosi. U vhanga vhuhosi a si zwiswa. Vhavenda vha tshi tikedza izwi vhari "vhuhosi vhu naka u vhangwa" kana vhari "vhuhosi a si vhuswa vhu no newa muthu vhu tou vhangiwa". Hezwi zwi a mba uri; na ane a sivhe wa nndu ya [https://Vhuhosi vhuhosi] a nga kona u vhanga arali ana thikhedzo ya makhotsimunene na dzikhadzi vha vhuhosini. Zwenezwo ndi zwone zwi vusaho muvhango. Vhuhosi vhu naka u vhangwa, ha sa vhangwa ndi mutshinyalo. mu5ayn6emphpxzqia5sotm96q9ydh71 0 1986 22505 20170 2026-06-12T08:35:50Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22505 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--{{Infobox_University |name = Yunivesithi ya Venḓa ya Saintsi na Thekhonoḽodzhi |image = [[File:Univen logo.gif|Coat of arms of the University of Venda]] |Muano = Ndivho ndi ya vhudi |Mathomo = [[1982]] |Ya hani = [[Yunivesithi ya nnyi na nnyi]] |vice_chancellor = Prof. [[mbati....]] |city = [[Thohoyanḓou]] |state = [[Limpopo]] |country = [[Afurika Tshipembe]] |Lubuvhisi = http://www.univen.ac.za/ }}-->== '''Yunivesithi ya Venḓa''' ndi [[Yunivesithi]] ya '''[[Afurika Tshipembe|Afrika Tshipembe]] ino wanala''' [[Thohoyanḓou|Ṱhohoyanḓou]] kha vundu ḽa [[Limpopo]]. Vhaṅwe vha i vhidza '''Yuniven (Univen)'''. Dzina ḽa yo ḽo fhelela ndi '''Yunivesithi ya Venḓa ya Saintsi na Thekhonoḽodzhi'''. Yo thomiwa nga [[1982|1981]] sa miwa nga muvhuso wa Riphabḽiki ya Venḓ''Yunivesithi ya Venḓa. Yo tho''a.<ref>https://www.univen.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Univen-History-Book.pdf</ref> == == Ḓivhazwakale == [[File:UniversityOfVenda.JPG|thumb|Nḓila ya u dzhena ngayo Yunivesithi ya Venḓa]] # Yunivesithi ya Venḓa i na ngudo nnzhi nga maanḓa ([[Yunivesithi dza Afurika Tshipembe|Yunivesithi dza Afrika Tshipembe]]). yunivesithi ya Venḓa yo vhumbwa nga zwikolo zwa sumbe zwine zwa vha tshikolo tsha zwa pfunzo, tshikolo tsha zwa mulayo, tshikolo tsha mbalo na saintsi, tshikolo tsha zwa mupo, tshikolo tsha saintsi ya vhulanguli, na tshikolo tsha zwa mutakalo, na tshikolo tsha yumanithi.<ref>https://ve.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yunivesithi_ya_Ven%E1%B8%93a&veaction=edit</ref> Yunivesithi ya Venda i na davhi ḽithihi ḽi no wanala tsini na ḓorobo ya Ṱhohoyanḓou. == Zwiko == [[Category:Yunivesithi ya Venḓa| ]] <references group="Zwiko" /> szoxsh9etswhvknlj8grtn13zaysbmh 22506 22505 2026-06-12T08:36:25Z NDG 9000 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contribs/Pfano07|Pfano07]] ([[User talk:Pfano07|talk]]) to last version by RangMul: reverting vandalism 20170 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--{{Infobox_University |name = Yunivesithi ya Venḓa ya Saintsi na Thekhonoḽodzhi |image = [[File:Univen logo.gif|Coat of arms of the University of Venda]] |Muano = Ndivho ndi ya vhudi |Mathomo = [[1982]] |Ya hani = [[Yunivesithi ya nnyi na nnyi]] |vice_chancellor = Prof. [[mbati....]] |city = [[Thohoyanḓou]] |state = [[Limpopo]] |country = [[Afurika Tshipembe]] |Lubuvhisi = http://www.univen.ac.za/ }}--> '''Yunivesithi ya Venḓa''' ndi [[Yunivesithi]] ya [[Afurika Tshipembe|Afrika Tshipembe]] ino wanala [[Thohoyanḓou|Ṱhohoyanḓou]] kha vundu ḽa [[Limpopo]]. Vhaṅwe vha i vhidza '''Yuniven (Univen)'''. Dzina ḽa yo ḽo fhelela ndi '''Yunivesithi ya Venḓa ya Saintsi na Thekhonoḽodzhi'''. Yo thomiwa nga [[1982|1981]] sa Yunivesithi ya Venḓa. Yo thomiwa nga muvhuso wa Riphabḽiki ya Venḓa.<ref>https://www.univen.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Univen-History-Book.pdf</ref> == Ḓivhazwakale == [[File:UniversityOfVenda.JPG|thumb|Nḓila ya u dzhena ngayo Yunivesithi ya Venḓa]] Yunivesithi ya Venḓa i na ngudo nnzhi nga maanḓa ([[Yunivesithi dza Afurika Tshipembe|Yunivesithi dza Afrika Tshipembe]]). yunivesithi ya Venḓa yo vhumbwa nga zwikolo zwa sumbe zwine zwa vha tshikolo tsha zwa pfunzo, tshikolo tsha zwa mulayo, tshikolo tsha mbalo na saintsi, tshikolo tsha zwa mupo, tshikolo tsha saintsi ya vhulanguli, na tshikolo tsha zwa mutakalo, na tshikolo tsha yumanithi.<ref>https://ve.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yunivesithi_ya_Ven%E1%B8%93a&veaction=edit</ref> Yunivesithi ya Venda i na davhi ḽithihi ḽi no wanala tsini na ḓorobo ya Ṱhohoyanḓou. == Zwiko == [[Category:Yunivesithi ya Venḓa| ]] <references group="Zwiko" /> rxgawyrgkjwh7bbaetryzakjy64l4lm 0 1992 22495 20562 2026-06-12T08:21:33Z Pfano07 9621 added a refence 22495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sibasa''' <ref>[https://www.booking.com/city/za/sibasa.en.html?aid=347349&pagename=sibasa&label=msn-w5GIwo6fsvg7oJqNAGuMcg-80195789988981:tikwd-80196039398603:loc-168:neo:mte:lp137924:dec:cid578556200:agid1283130655311237&utm_campaign=South%20Africa&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=bing&utm_term=w5GIwo6fsvg7oJqNAGuMcg&msclkid=02d9fd6265661175a2189749a46ec16f&utm_content=Sibasa%20-%20UFI%3A-1283079 The best available hotels & places to stay near Sibasa, South Africa]</ref>ho vha hu Musanda wa zwa vhubindudzi ha [[Venda]] musi vhuḓilangi vhu saathu u wanalea nga nwaha wa 1979. Dzina iḽi ḽa uri Sibasa ḽo ḓa nga nwambo wa vhatshena vhe vha vha vha sa koni u bula uri "Tshivhasa". "Tshivhasa" ndi dzina ḽa Khosi ya ha Tshivhasa ye ya vha itshi khou vhusa nga tshifhinga tshine vhatshena vho swika ngatsho Venda. Fhethu afha hu dovha ha ḓivhea nga u pfi Gambani kana Mbilwi. Henefha ndi hune ha wanala tshikolo tsha Mbilwi. Fhedzi musanda wo do pfulutshela Ṱhohoyanḓou. Sibasa ndi tsini na Makwarela. Hafhala hune ha pfi thohoyandou ho rinwa nge havha hu tshi dzula khosi Thohoyanḓou.. ndi musanda wa vhavenda, ridi tongisa nga sialala! {{Vhembe District Municipality}} [[Category:Limpopo]] kjnrqa5lepvhlk2fym1w0vghfr66brr 22496 22495 2026-06-12T08:24:11Z Pfano07 9621 improve reference 22496 wikitext text/x-wiki * '''Sibasa''' <ref>[https://www.booking.com/city/za/sibasa.en.html?aid=347349&pagename=sibasa&label=msn-w5GIwo6fsvg7oJqNAGuMcg-80195789988981:tikwd-80196039398603:loc-168:neo:mte:lp137924:dec:cid578556200:agid1283130655311237&utm_campaign=South%20Africa&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=bing&utm_term=w5GIwo6fsvg7oJqNAGuMcg&msclkid=02d9fd6265661175a2189749a46ec16f&utm_content=Sibasa%20-%20UFI%3A-1283079 The best available hotels & places to stay near Sibasa, South Africa]</ref>ho vha hu Musanda wa zwa vhubindudzi ha [[Venda]] musi vhuḓilangi vhu saathu u wanalea nga nwaha wa 1979. Dzina iḽi ḽa uri Sibasa ḽo ḓa nga nwambo wa vhatshena vhe vha vha vha sa koni u bula uri "Tshivhasa". == "Tshivhasa" ndi '''dzina ḽa Khosi ya ha Tshivhasa ye ya vha itshi khou vhusa nga tshifhinga tshine vhatshena vho swika ngatsho Venda.''' Fhethu afha hu dovha ha ḓivhea nga u pfi Gambani kana Mbilwi. Henefha ndi hune ha wanala tshikolo tsha Mbilwi. Fhedzi musanda wo do pfulutshela Ṱhohoyanḓou. == Sibasa ndi tsini na Makwarela. Hafhala hune ha pfi thohoyandou ho rinwa nge havha hu tshi dzula khosi Thohoyanḓou.. ndi musanda wa vhavenda, ridi tongisa nga sialala! {{Vhembe District Municipality}} [[Category:Limpopo]] gzv97eugkivvm7vxk60359apko2gcjp 0 1993 22497 20350 2026-06-12T08:26:50Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22497 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Venda in South Africa.svg|right|]] # '''Venḓa ḽo vha ḽi''' shango ḽa Vhavenḓa, vhathu vhane vha amba Tshivenḓa. Venḓa ḽo vha ḽi kha tshipiḓa tsha Devhula ha shango ḽa Afurika Tshipembe hune ṋamusi ha vundu ḽa Limpopo. Venḓa lo fhiwa vhuḓilangi nga 1 Luhuhi 1973, ḽa ḓa ḽa vha riphabuḽiki u bva kha Afurika Tshipembe nga 13 Khubvumedzi 1979. Fhedzi vhuḓilangi uvhu kha vhuriphabuḽiki ho vha vhu sa divhei kha mashango a dzitshaka. Musanda wa u thoma wa Venḓa ho vha hu Sibasa. Nga murahu musanda wa ḓa wa vha Ṱhohoyanḓou. Muphuresidende wa u thoma wa Venḓa ndi vho Patrick Ramaano Mphephu. Nga ṅwaha wa 1982, Yunivesithi ya Venḓa yo ḓo thomiwa sa fhethu ha pfunzo dza nṱha kha ḽa Venḓa. Nga ṅwaha wa 1994, shango ḽa Venḓa lo mbo ḓi miliwa kana u vhuyelela murahu kha ḽa Afurika Tshipembe. [[Image:Flag of Venda (1973–1994).svg|thumbnail|right|200px|[[Image:FIAV historical.svg|20px]] Fulaga ya Venda]] == Vhathu vha ḓivheaho nga maanḓa vha Vhavenḓa == * [[Makondelele Mufamadi|Makonḓelele Mufamaḓi]] * [[Rudzani Ramudzuli]] * [[Maduvha Madima|Maḓuvha Madima]] * [[Phillip Ndou|Phillip Nḓou]] * Muphurofesa [[Tshilidzi Marwala]] * [[Joel Netshitenzhe|Joel Ṋetshitenzhe]] * [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] * [[Sydney Mufamadi|Sydney Mufama]][[Phillip Ndou|ḓ]]<nowiki/>i * [[Khathu Mamaila]] * [[Mathatha Tsedu]] * Professor [[Mulalo Doyoyo]] * [[Mulalo Mufamadi|Mulalo Mufama]][[Phillip Ndou|ḓ]]<nowiki/>i * [[Azwifarwi Nkhumeleni]] * [https://www.linkedin.com/in/drlutamoshaddyramuedzisi54915542/ Dr Lutamo Ramuedzisi] [[Category:Afurika Tshipembe]] d1xkxvtxq4v13w3gibc9onfho20nzed 0 2056 22502 6873 2026-06-12T08:34:29Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22502 wikitext text/x-wiki * '''''Tshikolo tsha Mbilwi tshi wanala''' Sibasa kha phurovinsi ya Limpopo'', ''[[Afurika Tshipembe]]. Tshikolo itshi ndi tshinwe tsha zw''ikolo zwidivheaho nga maanda. Vho-[[Cyril Ramaphosa]], vho-[[Tshilidzi Marwala]] na [[vho Fulufhelo Nelwamondo]] ndi vhanwe vha vhathu bvelelaho vhe ''v'''ha dzhena hanefha'''''<nowiki/>'''.''' qwqty5oah05k80o9pd29ncc03giroex 22503 22502 2026-06-12T08:34:40Z NDG 9000 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contribs/Pfano07|Pfano07]] ([[User talk:Pfano07|talk]]) to last version by 137.158.152.205: test edits, please use the sandbox 6873 wikitext text/x-wiki Tshikolo tsha Mbilwi tshi wanala Sibasa kha phurovinsi ya Limpopo, [[Afurika Tshipembe]]. Tshikolo itshi ndi tshinwe tsha zwikolo zwidivheaho nga maanda. Vho-[[Cyril Ramaphosa]], vho-[[Tshilidzi Marwala]] na [[vho Fulufhelo Nelwamondo]] ndi vhanwe vha vhathu bvelelaho vhe vha dzhena hanefha. 9jr4b990qlz9kytyfxzeujhqaf78b30 0 2058 22501 19236 2026-06-12T08:33:02Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22501 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Maranzhe''' ndi kusi ku no wanala '''devhula-'''vhukovhela ha [[Thohoyanḓou]]. ''Ndi fhethu hune vhathu vha hone vha tshila nga vhulimi u'' ''tundela mita ya vho.'' == # Vhamusanda vha hone ndi Vho-Nemaranzhe. * Maranzhe ndi tsini na [[Mukumbani]], [[Murangoni]], [[Vondo]] na [[Tshikunda]]. Zwikolo ndi zwivhili, zwenezwo ndi Tshikolo tsha Murangoni na [[Tshikolo tsha Luphai]]. Vhana vha izwi zwikolo vha bvisa mvelelo dza vhudi nga maanda. Thimu ya bola ya milenzhe ipfi Maranzhe Hungry Lion. I ofhiwa govha lothe la ha Tshivhase nga mulandu wa u konesa. Yo dzhia zwiphuga zwo vhalaho nga maanda. {{Vhembe District Municipality}} [[Category:Afurika Tshipembe]] 15g8jdbp2s6qucn7howbszkr7hwi69y 22504 22501 2026-06-12T08:34:44Z NDG 9000 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contribs/Pfano07|Pfano07]] ([[User talk:Pfano07|talk]]) to last version by Aliwal2012: test edits, please use the sandbox 19236 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maranzhe''' ndi kusi ku no wanala devhula-vhukovhela ha [[Thohoyanḓou]]. Ndi fhethu hune vhathu vha hone vha tshila nga vhulimi u tundela mita ya vho. Vhamusanda vha hone ndi Vho-Nemaranzhe. Maranzhe ndi tsini na [[Mukumbani]], [[Murangoni]], [[Vondo]] na [[Tshikunda]]. Zwikolo ndi zwivhili, zwenezwo ndi Tshikolo tsha Murangoni na [[Tshikolo tsha Luphai]]. Vhana vha izwi zwikolo vha bvisa mvelelo dza vhudi nga maanda. Thimu ya bola ya milenzhe ipfi Maranzhe Hungry Lion. I ofhiwa govha lothe la ha Tshivhase nga mulandu wa u konesa. Yo dzhia zwiphuga zwo vhalaho nga maanda. {{Vhembe District Municipality}} [[Category:Afurika Tshipembe]] h50a1yw954mhubr5yst0qo6nxggwh8e 0 2250 22498 20695 2026-06-12T08:28:21Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22498 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Tshilamba''' ndi muvhundu une wa '''wanala''' vunḓuni ḽa [[Limpopo]] kha ḽa [[Afurika Tshipembe]]. == [[Category:Limpopo]] av5a2ddlbivge84vvcn2r27pvkq24w7 0 3488 22490 20401 2026-06-12T07:51:04Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox disease | name = Vhulwadze ha Vairasi ya Ebola | image = 7042 lores-Ebola-Zaire-CDC Photo.jpg | caption = 1976 Tshifanyiso tsha vhaongi vhavhili vho ima phanḓa ha [[Mayinga N'Seka|Mayinga N.]], muthu a re na vhulwadze ha vairasi ya Ebola; o mbo ḓi lovha nga murahu ha maḓuvha a si gathi nga mulandu wa u bva malofha nga ngomu. | DiseasesDB = 18043 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|98|4|a|90}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|065.8}} | MedlinePlus = 001339 | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 626 | MeshID = D019142 }} '''Vhulwadze ha vairasi ha Ebola''' kana('''EVD''') '''Mufhiso wa Hemoradzhiki wa Ebola''' ('''EHF''') ndi vhulwadze vhune ha fara muthu vhu vhangwaho nga [[vairasi ya Ebola]]<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->[[Tsumbadwadze]] dzi thoma kha maḓuvha mavhili nga murahu ha u kavhiwa nga vairasi, nga [[mufhiso]], u zwmba mukuloni, [[vhuṱungu ha misipha]], na [[u rema ha ṱhoho]]<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Kanzhisa zwi tevhelwa nga [[u silingwa]], u ṱanza, na u [[rithea dangani]], u sa shuma zwavhuḓi ha [[tshivhindi]] na [[tswio]] <!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Nga tshifhinga itshi vhaṅwe vhathu vha thoma u vha na thaidzo ya u sokou [[bva malofha]].<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web|title=Ebola virus disease Fact sheet N°103|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=12 April 2014|date=March 2014}}</ref> <!-- Cause and Diagnosis--> Vairasi vha nga i wana nga u kwama [[malofha]] kana [[zwiluḓi zwa muvhili]] zwa tshipuka tsho kavhiwaho (nga maanda ṱhoho kana [[nyamulemalema]]).<ref name=WHO2014/>Vhuṱanzi ha u phaḓalala nga muya kha mupo wo ḓoweleaho a vhu athu u wanala. <ref name=WHOAir2014>{{cite web|title=2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa|url=http://www.who.int/ith/updates/20140421/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=3 August 2014|date=Apr 21 2014}}</ref>hu khou tendwa uri nyamulemalema ndi yone ine ya phaḓaladza vairasi ngeno yone i sa kavhiwi.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Musi muthu a tshi tou kavhiwa, vhulwadze vhu mbo ḓi phaḓalala vho na kha vhaṅwe vhathu.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Vhanna vhane vha vha swika hune vha fhola uvhu vhulwadze vha a kona u dovha vha phaḓaladza vhulwadze uvhu nga [[vhunna]] lwa miṅwedzi i swikaho mivhili.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->U itela u kona u wanulusa zwavhuḓi vhulwadze, maṅwe malwadze ane a vha na tsumbadwadze dzi fanaho a ngaho [[malaria]], [[khoḽera]] na miṅwe [[mifhiso ya vairasi ya hemoradzhiki]] ha ngo fanela u thoma nga u dzhielwa nṱha.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->U itela u khwaṱhisedza u vha hone ha vhulwadze hu fanela u itwa ndingo ya sambula ya malofha u itela u wana vairasi ya [[maswole a muvhili]], vairasi ya [[RNA]], kana vairasi yone iṋe.<ref name=WHO2014/> <!-- Prevention --> U thivhela vhulwadze zwi katela u fhungudza u phaḓalala ha vhulwadze vhu tshi bva kha ṱhoho khathihi na nguluvhedzo zwo kavhiwaho vhu tshi ya kha vhathu.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Izwi zwi nga itiwa nga u ṱhaṱhuvha zwipuka izwo uri a zwo ngo kavhiwa na khathihi na u vhulaha zwa vhulungwa nga vhuronwane arali zwa wanala uri zwi na uvho vhulwadze.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->U bika ṋama nga nḓila yo fanelaho na u ambara zwiambaro zwa tsireledzo musi vha tshi fara iyo ṋama na zwone zwi nga thusa,<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> na u ambara zwiambaro zwa tsireledzo na u [[ṱamba zwanḓa]] arali vho vhuya vha sendela tsini na muthu ane a vha na uvhu vhulwadze. <!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Sambula ya zwiluḓi zwa muvhili na dzithishu zwi bvaho kha muthu a re na uvhu vhulwadze zwi fanela u fariwa nga vhuronwane. <ref name=WHO2014/> <!-- Treatment, Prognosis and Epidemiology--> Uvhu vhulwadze a vhu a thu vha na dzilafho ḽaho, u ḓidina hune ha khou itwa a u itela u thusa vhathu vho kavhiwaho nga uvhu vhulwadze zwi katela dzilafho ḽa u [[vhuedzedza maḓi muvhilini nga u tou a nwa]] (maḓi ane a ṋambiṱela nyana o ṱanganyiswaho na muṋo a u nwa) kana [[zwiluḓi zwa intravenasi]].<ref name=WHO2014/>Vhulwadze uvhu vhu vhanga mmpfu nnzhi nahone kanzhisa vhu tshi vhulaha vha re vhukati ha 50% na 90% ya avho vho kavhiwaho nga vairasi.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name="Elsevier/Academic Press">{{cite book|author1=C.M. Fauquet|title=Virus taxonomy classification and nomenclature of viruses; 8th report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier/Academic Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780080575483|page=648|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=9Wy7Jgy5RWYC&pg=PA648}}</ref>EVD yo thoma u wanala kha ḽa [[Sudan]] na [[Democratic Republic of Congo]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> -->Vhulwadze uvhu vhu ṱaha zwihuhulwane kha madzingu a ṱropikala a Sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name=WHO2014/>U bva nga 1976 (musi vhu tshi tou thoma u wanala) u swika nga 2013, vhathu vha re fhasi ha 1000 vho kavhiwa nga ṅwaha.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=MMWRJune2014>{{cite web|title=Ebola Viral Disease Outbreak — West Africa, 2014|url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6325a4.htm?s_cid=mm6325a4_w|website=CDC|accessdate=26 June 2014|date=June 27, 2014}}</ref>U swika zwino u ṱaha ha dwadze iḽi hu hulwanesa ndi hune ha khou bvela phanḓa hune ha vha [[u ṱaha ha dwadze kha mashango a re Afrika Vhukovhela nga 2014]], hune ha khou kwama [[Guinea]], [[Siera Leone]], [[Liberia]] na [[Nigeria]]. <ref name=CDC2014>{{cite web|title=CDC urges all US residents to avoid nonessential travel to Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone because of an unprecedented outbreak of Ebola.|url=http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/ebola-liberia|website=CDC|accessdate=2 August 2014|date=July 31, 2014}}</ref><ref name=CDCAug2014N>{{cite web|title=Outbreak of Ebola in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone|url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/guinea/index.html|website=CDC|accessdate=5 August 2014|date=August 4, 2014}}</ref>U swika nga Ṱhangule 2014 ho vha ho no vha na kheisi dzi fhiraho 1600 dzo no vhigiwaho.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ebola virus disease update - West Africa|url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_08_04_ebola/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=6 August 2014|date=Aug 4, 2014}}</ref>U ḓidina ha u ṱoḓa u bveledza [[mushonga]] hu khou bvelaphanḓa; fhedziha, zwa zwino a hu athu u vha na muthihi.<ref name=WHO2014/> == Ndaedzi == {{Reflist|colwidth=25em}} ;Bibliography {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite book |last=Klenk |first=Hans-Dieter |title=Marburg and Ebola Viruses (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology) |date=January 1999 |publisher=Springer-Verlag Telos |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3-540-64729-4 |ref=CITEREFKlenk1999}} * {{Cite book |first1=Hans-Dieter |last1=Klenk |first2=Heinz |last2=Feldmann |title=Ebola and Marburg viruses: molecular and cellular biology |url=http://books.google.com/?id=EV_mFgnyPoMC |format=Limited preview |year=2004 |publisher=Horizon Bioscience |location=Wymondham, Norfolk, UK |isbn=978-0-9545232-3-7 |ref=CITEREFKlenkFeldmann2004 }} * {{Cite book |last=Kuhn |first=Jens H. |title=Filoviruses: A Compendium of 40 Years of Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Studies. Archives of Virology Supplement, vol. 20 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=LaOue0F9Ns4C |format=Limited preview |year=2008 |publisher=SpringerWienNewYork |location=Vienna |isbn=978-3-211-20670-6 |ref=CITEREFKuhn2008 }} * {{Cite book |last1=McCormick |first1=Joseph |last2=Fisher-Hoch |first2=Susan |others=Horvitz, Leslie Alan |title=Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC |url=http://books.google.com/?id=QEvR3aJX2m0C |format=Limited preview |origyear=1996 |edition=Updated [3rd] |year=1999 |publisher=Barnes & Noble |isbn=978-0-7607-1208-5 |ref=CITEREFMcCormickFisher-Hoch1999 |month=June }} * {{Cite book |last=Pattyn |first=S. R. |title=Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever |year=1978 |url=http://www.itg.be/ebola/ |format=Full free text |edition=1st |publisher=Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press |location=Amsterdam |isbn=0-444-80060-3 |ref=CITEREFPattyn1978 |access-date=2014-08-28 |archive-date=2010-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211083855/http://www.itg.be/ebola/ |dead-url=yes }} * {{Cite book | last1 = Ryabchikova | first1 = Elena I. | last2 = Price | first2 = Barbara B. | title = Ebola and Marburg Viruses: A View of Infection Using Electron Microscopy | year = 2004 | publisher = Battelle Press | location = Columbus, Ohio | isbn = 978-1-57477-131-2 | ref = CITEREFRyabchikovaPrice2004 }} {{Refend}} ==Zwinzhi zwi kha== {{Refbegin}} * [https://viralzone.expasy.org/207.html?outline=all_by_species ViralZone: Ebola-like viruses] – Virological repository from the [[Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics]] * [https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/ CDC: Ebola hemorrhagic fever] – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch * [https://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/en/ WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever] – World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response * [https://www.bv-brc.org Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Filoviridae] * [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/emdb/searchResults.html/?q=ebola 3D macromolecular structures of the Ebola virus archived in the EM Data Bank (EMDB)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140819171607/https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=202977755949863934429.0004c658eb30f9c4fb1c0&ie=UTF8&t=h&ll=27.371767,5.273438&spn=110.017392,184.21875&z=2&source=embed&dg=feature Google Map of Ebola Outbreaks] * [http://www.who.int/csr/bioriskreduction/filovirus_infection_control/en/ WHO recommended infection control measures] {{Refend}} 9bcv6xkthhwwivu78thq2s7p49zldxz 0 3920 22483 16651 2026-06-12T07:41:05Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22483 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Erythrina lysistemon 04.jpg|right|thumb|320px|Muvhale]] '''Muvhale''' (Eng: ''Common coral tree'') ke tree ya [https://Afurika&#x20;Tshipembe Afurika Tshipembe]. <gallery> Erythrina lysistemon leaves.jpg Coral Tree.JPG Erythrina lysistemon flower.jpg Erythrina lysistemon bark.jpg Erythrina lysistemon 01 ies.jpg Erythrina lysistemon MHNT.BOT.2007.40.52.jpg|Erythrina lysistemon </gallery> {{Stub}} 8swqv09v42wj30n9nwzuf1mwu2tsguq 0 3968 22494 20167 2026-06-12T08:18:10Z Pfano07 9621 added a refence 22494 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dzanani''' ndi [[ḓorobo]] ino wanala vunduni ḽa [[Limpopo]], [[Afurika Tshipembe|Afrika Tshipembe]]. Ḓorobo dza tsini na iDzanan ndi Ṱhohoyanḓou, Makhado, Musina, vhaṅwe vha vhona u nga na Tzaneen i tsini ngauri yo vha i tshi pfi Dzanani kale. Dzanani <ref>[https://mapcarta.com/14359788 Dzanani Map - Village - Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa]</ref> (dzanani asi tshiṱiriki, ḓorobo dzoṱhe dzi re afha nṱha dzi wela kha tshiṱiriki tsha Vhembe, zwiṱiriki zwa Venḓa ndi zwi) yo vha iṅwe ya zwitiriki zwina zwa la Venda la mulovha, manwe madzina a izwo zwinwe zwa izwo zwitiriki o vha e Thohoyandou, Mutale na Vuwani. Vhathu vha Dzanani vha amba luambo lu no pfi TshiVenda. Dzina la Dzanani lo irwa li tshi bva kha mutupo MuDzanani/VhaDzanani. Dorobo iyi i na vhadzulapo vha 5.673 (2011).<ref>[http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/968027] Dzanani</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{Vhembe District Municipality}} {{stub}} [[Category:Ḓorobo dza Limpopo]] [[Category:Nḓivhashango]] iuy2x79cuk89gqumxq4d1mkmaythq5g 0 4064 22500 20760 2026-06-12T08:31:08Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22500 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of Limpopo with Greater Letaba highlighted (2016).svg|right|300px|thumb|Fhethu nga muvhala mutswuku wa Greater Letaba vunduni la Limpopo.]] == '''Masipala Wapo wa Greater Letaba''' ndi Masipala ''Wapo'' u re kha [[Mopani District Municipality|Masipala wa Tshiṱiriki tsha Mopani]] '''vunḓuni''' ḽa Limpopo [[Afurika Tshipembe|Afurika T''shipembe'']]. == # Ḓorobo khulwane ya '''Greater Letaba''' ndi [[Modjadjiskloof]]. 0o21ikjbs1dfhi9pz9y2nlvlvl4r7pj 0 4174 22489 19933 2026-06-12T07:49:42Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22489 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.jpg|thumb]] '''Vhulwadze ha Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)''' ndi vhulwadze hune ha pfukela musi muthu a re na tshi tzhili tsha uvhu vhulwadze o shata vhanwe vhathu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it|title=Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it|website=www.who.int|language=en|access-date=2020-04-06}}</ref> Tshi tzhili itshi tshi pfukiselwa kha vhanwe vhathu musi ho vha na u kwamana vhukati ha muthu a si na tsho na muthu a re na tsho, ngau kwama fhethu ho kwamiwaho nga tshi tzhili muthu ari u fhedza u ralo a fara maṱo, ningo kana [[Mulambo wa Limpopo|mulomo]]. Tshi tzhili itshi tshi andadziwa nga mare a ne a wa musi muthu a ne a vha na tsho o hoṱola kana o hatsamula. Muthu munwe na munwe a ne a vha e tsini nga tshi khala tshine tsha vha fhasi ha mithara mivhili ha muthu a ne a khou hoṱola kana u hatsamula a na itshi tshi tzhili u a kona u tshi wana. Na muthu a ne a fara fhethu afha he ha weliwa nga mare o bvaho kha tshihoṱolo kana tshi hatsamulo itshi u ya kona u wana itshi tshi tzhili. Muthu u ya kona u kavhiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili musi o fara fhethu ho kavhiwaho a fhedza a fara maṱo, ningo kana mulomo a songo thoma a ṱamba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/publications.html|title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)|last=CDC|date=2020-02-11|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us|access-date=2020-04-06}}</ref> == Vhubvo == Vhulwadze uvhu ho tumbulwa lwa u tou thoma Wuhan, dorobo khulwane ya vundu Ḽa Hubei ngei China mafheloni a nwaha wa 2019. Ubva tshe vhulwadze uvhu ha tumbulwa, vhu khou phadalala na dzhango loṱhe. Nga dzi 11 Ṱhafamuhwe 2020, vha World Health Organisation vho mbo di vhu khwathusedza sa pandemic. Pandemic ndi vhulwadze vhune ha phadalala ha swika kha mashango manzhi a lifhasi kana lifhasi nga vhuphara. Mashango oṱhe e a kwamiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili nga maanda o vhona u lovha ha vhathu nga vhunzhi. Vho Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, vhane vha vha Mulanguli Zwothe wa World Health Organisation, vho amba vhari, "Hezwi a zwi tou vha khaedu kha vha mutakalo fhedzi, ndi khaedu na kha mihasho yothe uya ngau fhambana, nahone vhathu vhothe vha khou teya u di dzhenisa kha nndwa iyi ya ulwa na uvhu vhulwadze". Nga dzi 02 Lambamai 2020, Afrika Tshipembe hovha na vhathu vha 1462 vhe vha lingiwa vha wanala vha na tshi tzhili tsha corona. Ha dovha ha vha na vhathu vhaṱanu vhe vha lovha nga mulandu wa uvhu vhulwazde vhu no vhangiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili tsha corona. Fhedzi ho vha na vhathu vha furaru nthihi (31) vhe vha fhola. Vha Muhasho wa Mutakalo wa shango, (National Department of Health), vho amba zwa uri huna khonadzeo ya uri hetshi tshi tzhili tshi fare vhathu vhane vha anganyelwa phesenthe dza furathi Afrika Tshipembe, naho husi nga khathihi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.za/Coronavirus|title=COVID-19 / Novel Coronavirus South African Government|website=www.gov.za|access-date=2020-04-06}}</ref> U itela u fhungudza u andadzea ha itshi tshi tzhili, shango loṱhe lo swika kha tshiimo tshine tsha pfi Lockdown, zwi tshi amba uri vhathu vhothe vha khou teya udzula mahayani vha si ye mishumoni na zwikoloni lwa maduvha a fumbilinthihi. Nga dzi 30 Ṱhafamuhwe 2020, Muphuresidende wa shango Vho Cyril Ramaphosa vho khwaṱhisedza zwa uri ho humbeliwa vha shumeli vha zwa mutakalo vhane vha swika zwigidi zwa fumi uri vhaye midini vha tshi linga vhathu hu u itela u fhungudza mbalo ya vhathu vhane vha kavhiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili. == Tsumba dwadze na dzilafho == Tsumba dwadze dza u vhu vhulwadze ha Covid-19 ndi u hotola, u fhisa ha muvhili, u neta na u fhelelwa nga muya. Dzinwe tsumba dzwadze dzi ngavha u vhavha ha misipha, maduda, dangani, u vhavha ha mukulo, u sa kona u fhambanya minukho, na u vhavha ha thumbu. Arali muthu o kavhiwa nga u vhu vhulwadze, tsumba dwadze dzi thoma u vhonala nga murahu ha maduvha ma vhili uswika kha maduvha a fumiina, fhedzi fhathu vhanzhi vha a thoma u sumbedza idzi tsumba dzwadze nga murahu ha maduvha maṱanu. Vhathu vhanzhi vha do sumbedza tsumba dwadze ṱhukhu ṱhukhu. Ngeno mbalo ṱhukhu ine ya dovha kha tshi imo tsha shishi i tshi ngavha na u balelwa ha zwipida zwa muvhili zwa ngangomu lune vha toda u gidimiselwa sibadela lufherani lwa shishi. Muthu uya kona u kavhiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili fhedzi a si vhe na tsumba dwadze na nthihi. Izwi zwi vhidzwa upfi asymptomatic. Fhedzi, naho uyu muthu asina tsumba dwadze, uya kona u fhirisela itshi tshi tzhili kha vhanwe. Zwine zwavha zwinwe zwa zwithu zwino ita uri uvhu vhulwadze vhu phadalale nga luvhilo lu hulwane. Madokotela a ita ndingo dza tshi tzhili tsha corona ngau u dzhiya lududa ngomu ningoni ya muthu ono humbulelwa uri o farwa nga uvhu vhulwadze. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa upfi ndi nasopharyngeal swab. Vhulwadze vhu a kona u dzubululwa nga a shumisa CT scan. Arali ndingo dza muthu dza vhuya dzi kho sumbedza o farwa nga tshi tzhili, u do iswa sibadela huna a do fhambanywa na vhathu vha sina tsho. Sa izwi hu sina mushonga wau lafha itshi tshi tzhili, vhathu vhanzhi vha do kunda uvhu vhulwadze arali vha wana tshumelo yone ya mutakalo. == U thivhela == U phadalala ha vhulwadze vho thivhelwa nga u imela kule na vhanwe vhathu na u sa di wana u fhethu hure na vhathu vhanzhi. Hezwi zwi divhwa nga upfi social distancing. Hune zwa konda usa vha tsini na vhathu, hu tutwedzwa u shumisa labi lino vala khofheni kha nimgo na mulomo (kana muthu a hotola na u hatsamulela kha tissue na ngamu ha tshikudavhavha) na u ambara maglafu. Nga ntha ha hezwo, vhathu vha teya u tamba zwanda tshifhanga tshothe nga tshisibe kana vha shumise tshivhulahazwitzhili tsha zwanda tshi re na alikhoholo lwa mithethe ya fumbili. Tshau fhedzisela vhathu vha eletshedzwa u sa di fara khofheni vha songo tamba zwanda . == Ndaedzi == {{Reflist}} 3wo9mxv09pds8qn4yzljdvnmloyak1t 0 4201 22491 22463 2026-06-12T07:51:58Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tshiwo tsha lushaka''' (pandemic, u bva kha Tshigiriki pan, ‘zwothe’ na demos, ‘vhathu’) hu tou vha u bvelela ha vhulwadze ha pfuko hune ho “swika” kha mashango a fhiraho ḽithihi. Luvhilo lune vhulwadze ha phaḓalala ngawo kha vhathu kana kha vunḓu nga tshifhinga tshiṱuku zwi vhidzwa upfi tshiwo tsha vunḓu (Ephidemiki).<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2020-06-30|title=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention&oldid=965222741|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Vhulwadze vhu phaḓalalaho nga mbalo i ḓivheyaho ya vhathu vho kavhiwaho ndi “endemiki”, hu si [[phandemiki.]] U phaḓalala ha vhulwadze ha pfuko nga nomboro nkene sa duda la no vha hone nga u shanduka ha khalanwaha zwi anzelwa u thudzelwa kule sa izwi u tshi vha hone kha mavunḓu a tshi vhalo nga u tevhekana. == Ṱhalutshedzo na zwitenwa == Tshiwo tsha lushaka ndi tshiwo tsha vunḓu(ephidemiki) tshi velelaho nga nḓila ine ya pfukhela na mashango a nnḓa.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/610974909|title=A dictionary of epidemiology.|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|others=Porta, Miquel S., International Epidemiological Association.|isbn=978-0-19-933893-1|edition=5th ed.|location=Oxford|oclc=610974909}}</ref> Vhulwadze kana tshiimo tsha vhulwadze asi tshiwo tsha lushaka nga nṱhani ha u phaḓalala kana nga mabulayo o vhangwaho nga vhulwadze uvhu; vhu tea u vha vhulwadze hu pfukhelaho. Sa tsumbo, khentsa ndi vhulwadze ho dzhiaho malwadze a vhathu vhanzhi fhedzi a si tshiwo tsha lushaka nga uri asi vhulwadze vhu pfukhelaho.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dumar, A. M.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/401165992|title=Swine flu : what you need to know|date=2009|publisher=Brownstone Books|isbn=1-4344-5832-6|location=[Place of publication not identified]|oclc=401165992}}</ref> Luvhilo lwa u pfukhelana ha tshiwo tsha vunḓu(zwi fhedzaho zwi tshi vha tshiwo tsha lushaka ) zwi tevhedzela khebve ingaho bele I tshi oliwa kha girafu i sumbedzaho nomboro ya vhathu vho kavhiwaho zwi tshi baḓekanwa na tshifhinga. Khebve ya tshiwo tsha lushaka asi tshifhinga tshoṱhe ya tevhedzela khebve yo ḓoweleaho musi tshiwo tsha vunḓu tshi tshi phaḓalala. Vhulwadze ha pfuko vhu phaḓalala nga zwitenwa zwiraru zwo sumbedzwaho kha girafu I tevhelaho. == U langa == Huna maga manzhi ane muvhuso unga ita u langa tshiwo tsha lushaka. Nga nwaha wa 2005 vha World Health Organisation vho do shumisana na vha International Health Regulation sa vho ramilayo vha no shumana na u thivhela, u langa na u thogomela khombo kha mutakalo wa vhadzulapo ine inga phadalala nga mashango.<ref name="Unnamed-20230316163714">{{Cite web|title=WHO {{!}} International Health Regulations (2005)|url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241580496|accessdate=2020-07-04|website=WHO}}</ref> hafhu, vha World Health Organisation vho da na kushumele ku sedzana na tshiwo tsha lushaka tshi daho nga duda. Manyuwala wo bveledzwa lwa u tou thoma nga nwaha wa 1999 wa sedzuluswa wa lugiswa fhala na fhala nga nwaha wa 2005 na 2009.<ref name="Unnamed-20230316163714"/> [vii] Maga o shumiswaho ulwa na tshiwo tsha lushaka Covid-19 o wanala kha vha International Health Regulations 2005 na kha World Health Organisation kha gaidilani ya u di lugisa ulwa na duda la tshiwo tsha lushaka. Hovha na u saukanya hu lapfu kha 3T's (u linga, u alafha, u tola) zwine zwa tendela mashango uri a kone u wanulusa kana u divha mivhigo nga tshihadu hu saathu swika tshifhinga tsha u di fhandekana na u onga.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-08|title=The 3 T’s model: Hitting the nail on the head|url=https://www.jordantimes.com/opinion/mohammad-majed-abufaraj/3-ts-model-hitting-nail-head|accessdate=2020-07-04|website=Jordan Times|language=en}}</ref> Maitele aya a katela u toda vhathu vhothe vhe vha vha na vhukwamani na muthu o kavhiwaho, vha vha fhandekana na lushaka. Maitele haya o sumbedza u fhulufhedzea zwi tshi bva kha u shumiswa fhethu ho nonga South Korea na Singapore, fhedzi haya mashango o sumbedzisa u vha a khwine kha u di lugisela nga murahu ha u lwa na SARS. U di fhandekana na tshi tshavha, nga u sa di badekana na vhathu, ndi maitele a shumiswaho nga vha zwa mutakalo zwi tshi itelwa u fhungudza u pfukhelalana ha vhulwadze nga u thivhela vhathu vha sa kwamane na vhanwe u fhungudza u pfukhiselana ha vhulwadze. Mudzula tshidulo muhulwane vho Dr Michael J Ryan vha u bva kha World Health Organisation vhari, kha u tsivhudza lushaka nga Thafamuhwe 2019 vhari “u di fhandekana na lushaka ndi maga a tshifhinga tshituku u fhungudza u phadalala ha tshitzhili, fhedzi asi u fhelisa tshitzhili. Zwi a vhidza, na hafhu zwi tea u tanganya na manwe maga u tandulula thaidzo.”<ref>{{Cite web|last=Inc|first=Twitter|title=Reuters Top News @Reuters|url=https://www.pscp.tv/Reuters/1OdJrqYMXMXGX|accessdate=2020-07-04|website=Periscope}}</ref> Vho Dr Ryan vho khwathisedza uri u di fhandekana a zwi nga fhedzi vhulwadze. == Zwiwo zwa lushaka zwire hone == === HIV/AIDS === Naho vha WHO vho shumisa ipfi ‘tshiwo tsha lifhasi’ u talusa HIV,<ref>{{Cite web|title=WHO {{!}} Data and statistics|url=https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-data-and-statistics|accessdate=2020-07-04|website=WHO}}</ref> ndi tshiwo tsha lushaka ri tshi lavhelesa thalutshedzo. U bva nga 2018, mbalo ya vho kavhiwaho nga tshitzhili tsha HIV lifhasi nga vhuphara I hanefho kha 37,9 million.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=Richard|date=2019-07|title=Offline: Who should lead UNAIDS?|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)31563-6/fulltext|journal=The Lancet|volume=394|issue=10192|pages=12|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31563-6|issn=0140-6736}}</ref> Ha lovha vhathu vha linganaho 770,000 vho vhulawa nga AIDS nga 2018.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2019-02-06|title=Knowledge is Power|url=https://www.un-ilibrary.org/content/books/9789210479608|doi=10.18356/c54bbf5f-en}}</ref> Sub-saharan Africa ndi shango lo kwameaho nga maanda. Nga 2018, nga u tou humbulela 61% ya vhathu vhaswa vho kavhiwaho nga HIV ndi vha shango lo bulwaho <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Steele|first=Russell W.|date=2016-03-21|title=Zika Virus|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0009922816638660|journal=Clinical Pediatrics|volume=55|issue=8|pages=698–700|doi=10.1177/0009922816638660|issn=0009-9228}}</ref> == Zwitzhili Zwa Corona == Zwitzhili zwa Corona (Cov) ndi lushaka luhulwane lwa zwitzhili zwi vhangaho vhulwadze u bva kha duda li vhangwaho nga murotholo u swika kha vhulwadze vhungaho sa Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ( MERS-CoV) na Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). Tshi tzhili tshi swa tsha corona (SARS-CoV-2) tsho vhanga vhulwadze ha coronavirus 2019, kana COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1984-03-18|title=ABC News/Washington Post Poll of Public Opinion on Aging, March 1982|url=https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/studies/8024|accessdate=2020-07-04|website=ICPSR Data Holdings}}</ref> Zwinwe zwa zwitzhili zwa corona zwi zoonotic, zwi tshi tou amba uri ndi vhulwadze vhu pfukhelaho vhukati ha zwipuka na vhathu. Thodisiso dzo itwaho dzi sumbedza uri SARS-CoV vho pfukhela u sthi bva kha zwikadzi zwa civet uya kha vhathu, na MERS-CoV u bva kha dzi gamela uya kha vhathu. Zwitzhili zwo vhalaho zwa corona zwi kha divha kha zwipuka, a zwathu u pfukhela kha vhathu. Tshitzhili tshiswa tsha corona tshe tsha thoma u wanala Wuhan, kha vundu la Hubei, China, mafheleloni a 2019 Nyendavhusiku,<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2007-12-01|title=Boyle, Sir Edward, (12 June 1878–31 March 1945)|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/display/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-222922|journal=Who Was Who|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> tsho disa mivhigo miswa ya vhulwadze ha u balelwa u fema, une wa divhea sa vhulwadze ha coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Uya nga vha Yunivesithi ya Johns Hopkins<ref>{{Cite web|last=JOAO|first=BELMIRO N|date=2020-03-03|title=Geographic Information Systems and COVID-19: The Johns Hopkins University Dashboard|url=https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-15447/v1|accessdate=2020-07-04|website=dx.doi.org}}</ref>, mashango a swikaho 200 o kwamea nga COVID-19, na u bvelela hu shushaho ngei United states, central china, western Europe, na Iran. Nga 11 Thafamuhwe 2020, vha World Health Organisation vho divhadza u phadalala ha COVID-19 sa tshiwo tsha lushaka. U bva nga 23 Lambamai 2020, nomboro ya vhathu vho kavhiwaho nga COVID-19 yo swika kha 2.63 million lifhasi nga vhuphara, vhathu vho lovhaho vho vha 184,249 na nomboro ya vhalwadze vho fholaho ndi 722,055. == U bvelela ho thogomeliwaho == === Dali === Dali ndi vhulwadze ho dalaho kha dzi rigini dza thirophikhala, zwi tshi katela na zwipida zwa America, Asia na Afurika. Nwaha munwe na munwe, hu vha na mivhigo ya dali I swikaho kha 350-500 million. U sa shuma ha mushonga zwovha thaidzo I aluwaho kha u alafha vhulwadze ha dali kha 21 sentshuari, sa izwo u sa shuma ha mushonga zwo dowelea kha u lwisana na dali, nga nndani kha artemisinins.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-12-29|title=CDC - Malaria - Page Not Found|url=http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/facts.htm|accessdate=2020-07-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2012-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121229091605/http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/facts.htm|dead-url=}}</ref> Vhulwadze ha dali ho vha hu vhulwadze ho doweleaho Europe na North America, lune zwino a u tsha wanalea.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gratz|first=Norman G.|title=Tick-borne diseases of Europe|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/vector-and-rodentborne-diseases-in-europe-and-north-america/tickborne-diseases-of-europe/8A879C45FC21E5CEF74FAE176EE66443|journal=The vector- and rodent-borne diseases of Europe and North America|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages=89–148|isbn=978-0-511-54189-6}}</ref> Vhulwadze vha dali u ngavha wo dzhenisa tshanda kha u wisa Roman Empire.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bower|first=Bruce|date=2001-10-20|title=Lemurs Reveal Clues to Ancient Asian Roots|url=https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4012974|journal=Science News|volume=160|issue=16|pages=245|doi=10.2307/4012974|issn=0036-8423}}</ref> Vhulwadze uvhu vho swika hune ha divhea sa “duda la Rome”.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sallares|first=Robert|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199248506.001.0001|title=Malaria and Rome|date=2002-09-05|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-924850-6}}</ref> Plasmodium falciparum wo vha khombo kha vha kholonisi na vhathu vha kale u fana na musi u tshi divhazwa America khathihi na u renga dziphuli. == Fuluu ya Sipeini == Fuluu ya Sipeini (1918-1920) yo kavha vhathu vha 500 million u mona na lifhasi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Taubenberger|first=Jeffery K.|last2=Morens|first2=David M.|date=2006-01|title=Influenza Revisited|url=https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/1/05-1442_article|journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases|volume=12|issue=1|pages=1–2|doi=10.3201/eid1201.051442|issn=1080-6040}}</ref> zwi tshikatela na vhathu vhare kha zwi tangadzime na kha Arctic, ya vhulaya vhathu vha 20 u swika kha 100 million. Malwadze manzhi a duda a vha khombo kha vhana vhatuku na vha aluwa vhahulwane, hu tshi tshila vhare kha minwaha ya vhukati. Fhedzi fuluu ya Sipeini yo da ya vhulaesa thanga thukhu. [xxx] Fuluu ya Sipeini yo vhulaesa vhathu u fhira nndwa ya u thoma ya lifhasi ya dovha ya vhulaya vhathu vhanzhi nga dzi vhege dza 25 u fhira AIDS I tshi vhulaya vhathu kha minwaha ya u thoma ya 25. Guvhangano la masole na u tshimbila-tshimbila nga tshifhinga tsha nndwa ya u thoma ya lifhasi zwo ita uri vhu phadalale na u shanduka nga luvhilo, na u engedza mbalo ya masole are na fuluu ya Sipeini zwo engedzezwa na nga mutsiko wa muhumbulo, u sa la zwiliwa zwa fushi na u thaselwa nga dzi khemikhali. Uvha na zwiendedzi zwo leludza u kha u phadalala ha vhulwadze. == Mbilaelo nga ha zwitzhili zwa matshelo == === U sa shuma ha mishonga === U sa shuma ha mushonga kanzhi vha zwi vhidza uri ndi dzi “superbugs”. Zwi a shela mulenzhe kha u vuwa ha vhulwadze vhune vha langulea zwavhudi. Sa tsumbo, mivhigo ya vhulwadze ha TB ine mushonga wa sa I lange I di dzula u vha thaidzo kha vha zwa mutakalo. U swika hanefho kha 500 000 mivhigo miswa iya vhigwa ya multidrug-resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) u mona na lifhasi nga nwaha. China na India vha na mivhigo ya nntha ya multidrug-resistance TB. [xxxvii] Vha World Health Organisation (WHO) vha nea muvhigo wa uri kha vhathu vha 50 million lifhasi nga vhuphara vha kavhiwa nga MDR-TB, 79% ya muvhigo uyo hu tshi vha na u sa shuma ha mishonga. Nga 2005, mivhigo ya 124 ya MDR-TB yo vhigiwa America. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) yo divhadzwa Afurika nga 2006, zwa wanuluswa uri I kha mashango a 49, zwi tshi katela na Amerika. Huna 40 000 ha mivhigo miswa ya XDR-TB nga nwaha, vha WHO vha tshi humbulela. Kha minwaha ya 20 yo fhiraho, bakhitheria I katelaho staphylococcus aureus, serratia marcescens na Enterococcus, dzo do sa tendela mushonga I tshi shuma khayo, unga na mushonga u lwaho na dzi bakhitheria wa vancomycin, na minwe mishonga I lwaho na dzi bakhitheria ya nonga sa aminoglycosides na cephalosporins. Antibiotic resistance organisms dzo no vha dza vhuthogwa kha vha zwa healthcare-associated (nosocomial) infections (HAI). Nga u dadzisa, u kavhiwa ho vhangiwaho nga metchicillin-resitant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) kha vhathu vhare na mutakalo wa vhudi zwo no tou vha dzema kha minwaha ya zwino. == Viral hemorrhagic fevers == Viral hemorrhagic fevers ndi vhulwadze ha khombo vhu pfukhelaho nga luvhilo. Tsumbo dzi katela Ebola virus disease, Lassa fever, Rift valley fever, Marburg virus disease na Bolivian hemorrhagic fever. Viral hemorrhagic fevers ndi vhulwadze vhu ne vhu nga kona u vha tshiwo tsha lushaka. [xxxix] Maanda a uri vhu phadalale nga luvhilo uri vhu vhe tshiwo tsha lushaka zwo fhungudzea vhunga vhu tshi phadalala nga musi hu na u kwamana na munwe muthu lwa tsini, na muthu o kavhiwaho una tshifinga tshipfufhi tsha u lovha kana u lwala lu shushaho. Tshifhinga ndi tshipfufhi vhukati ha uri muthu o kavhiwaho uri a pfukhisele vhulwadze nga uri tsumba dwadze ndi zwone zwiitaho madoketala vha tavhanye u fhandekana muthu are na vhulwadze, zwa thivhela u pfukhisela vhulwadze hunwe. == Tshitzhili tsha Zika == Athikili ya vhukuma: 2015-16 Zika virus epidemic, Zika virus and Zika fever U bvelela ha tshitzhili tsha Zika zwo thoma nga 2015 zwa hulela zwitshiya mathomoni a 2016, hu na mbalo ya u swika 1.5 million ya mivhigo yo khwathisedzwaho kha shango la America. Vha World Health Organisation vho tsivhudza nga ha Zika uri I na maanda a u vha tshiwo tsha lifhasi kharali vha balelwa u langa vhulwadze. == Ndaedzi == {{reflist}} 8cp9h7tvtax3p53d646rk4icw8ghetm 0 4473 22499 20767 2026-06-12T08:29:44Z Pfano07 9621 improve contents 22499 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of South Africa with Sekhukhune highlighted (2011).svg|thumb|300px|right|Fhethu nga muvhala mutswuku wa Sekhukhune vunduni la Limpopo.]] == '''Sekhukhune District Municipality''' ndi '''Masipala''' wa Tshiṱiriki kha vunḓu ḽa [[Limpopo]] kha ḽ''oṱh''e ḽa [[Afurika Tshipembe]]. == q6nqq2xgx7vxtzhx1ufcds47l8rcyuf 0 4869 22492 19257 2026-06-12T08:04:50Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muswodi''' ndi [[ḓorobo]] ino wanala [[Musina Local Municipality]], [[Limpopo]] kha la [[Afurika Tshipembe]]. dorobo ine ra wana zwiliwa<ref name=":0" /> Dorobo dza tsini ndi [[Polokwane]], henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 4.124 (2011).<ref name=":0">[http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/965048] Muswodi.</ref> == References == {{reflist}} <br/> {{stub}} {{Vhembe District Municipality}} [[Category:Ḓorobo dza Limpopo]] [[Category:Nḓivhashango]] 5wjz1at9s2xm1mk4orhyjd6jjzx92za 0 5231 22508 20564 2026-06-12T09:08:59Z Lubinh123 9624 22508 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Irvin Khoza.jpg|thumb]] '''Irvin Khoza''' OS (nga ḽa 27 Phando, 1948) ndi mulanguli wa bola ya milenzhe ya Afurika Tshipembe na ramabindu wa tshinnani. Dzina lawe la miswaswo ndi "Inker Durek Dachs / Mandalf, ndi mudzulatshidulo wa wa thimu ya Orlando Pirates Football club. Mudzulatshidulo wa ligi ya Afrika Tshipembe ya Premier Soccer League na muthusa phuresidenthe wa South African Football Association. Vhushaka hawe na thimu ya Orlando Pirates nga nwaha wa 1980, Musi a tshi vha munwaleli na mune wayo nga 1980. Sa mudzulatshidulo wa ligi ya Premier Soccer League, o vha mUtsireledzi wa vhalambedzi vha yeneyi league, Dstv. Ovha a mudzulatshidulo wa mutambo wa dzitshakatshaka dza 2010 kha komiti ya u vhulanguli Afrika Tshipembe, nga murahu ha Pfufho ya mitambo ya dzitshakatshaka dza 2010 ya Afrika Tshipembe. Khoza o vha e tshipiḓa tsha tshigwada tshe tsha tsireledza ndugelo ya u ṱanganedza FIVHELA Chile ngei Afurika Tshipembe nahone nga murahu tsho mbo ḓi vha mudzulatshidulo wa komiti dza Porgis . Kha nḓivhadzo ya u bvelela ha Afurika Tshipembe, Khoza o ri: "Hezwi ndi vhathu vha shango vhane vha khou ṱoḓa thuso kha mashango a re na bvumo ḽa Alex. 2thxsn3v9uzbpfij88cgzuwqyelxjgd 0 5639 22479 21561 2026-06-12T07:35:26Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zwienda''' [[File:High-Heel-Pumps.jpg|thumb|Zwienda zwahili zwine vhafumakadzi vha zwi shumisa u ambara.]] '''Zwienda''' ndi zwithu zwine zwo ḓoweleaho zwa wanala nga zwivhili zwivhili zwo itelwaho u tsireledza na u khuthadza mulenzhe wa muthu, kanzhi zwo itwa nga nḓila ine tshiṅwe tsha vha tsho itelwa u lingana na [[mulenzhe]] wa tsha monde ngeno tshiṅwe tshi tshi lingana na mulenzhe wa tsha u ḽa. Naho milenzhe ya muthu u tshi kona u ḓowela fhambanaho na zwiimo zwa mutsho, u a tsireledzea, nahone zwienda zwi a tsireledza. Fomo yo vha i tshi vhofhekana na u shuma mathomoni, fhedzi nga murahu ha tshifhinga, zwienda zwo dovha zwa vha zwithu zwa fesheni. Zwiṅwe zwienda zwi ambariwa sa zwishumiswa zwa u tsireledza, zwi ngaho steel-mabutsu a zwikunwane zwa tsimbi, zwine zwa vha zwienda zwine zwa ṱoḓea fhethu hune ha shumiwa hone mishumoni. Zwiṅwe hafhu, kanzhi zwienda zwo shanduka zwa vha zwivhumbeo zwinzhi zwo fhambanaho tsumbo, zwirethe zwihulwane, zwi ambara nga maanḓa nga vhafumakadzi nga tshifhinga tsha zwiitea zwa vhuimo ha nṱha. Zwienda zwa musalauno zwo fhambana vhukuma nga tshitaila, u ṱangana na mutengo. Zwienda dza mutheo dzi nga vha na sole ṱhukhu fhedzi na muḓali wo leluwaho nahone dzi rengiswa nga mutengo wa fhasi. Zwienda zwa fesheni ya nṱha zwo itwaho nga vha koni vha ḓivheaho zwi nga itwa nga zwithu zwine zwa ḓura, zwa shumisa u fhaṱiwa ho serekanaho nahone zwa rengiswa nga tshelede nnzhi. Dziṅwe zwienda zwo itelwa ndivho dzo khetheaho, u fana na mabutsu, mugidimi wa ski, ngeno zwiṅwe zwi na tshumiso yo ḓoweleaho u fana na mateki zwe zwa shanduka u bva kha tshienda tsha mitambo tsho khetheaho tsha vha tshienda tsha u shumiswa nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho. Nga mvelele, zwienda zwo vha zwi tshi itwa nga mukumba, thanda kana [[Kanana, Maruleng|kanvas]], fhedzi zwi khou engedzea u itwa nga raba, pulasitiki, na zwiṅwe zwithu zwi bvaho kha khemikhali ya petirolo . Ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe, nḓowetshumo ya zwienda ndi nḓowetshumo ya R200 biḽioni nga ṅwaha. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web}}</ref> 90% ya zwienda zwi fhedza zwi tshi khou laṱiwa, ngauri zwishumiswa zwi ya konḓa u zwi fhandekanya, u zwi shumisa hafhu kana u zwi shumisa hafhu nga iṅwe nḓila. == Buku tshumiswa == "Briefly News - South Africa News and Breaking Headlines 24/7<ref>24/7</ref> [[Category:Zwienda]] rz8xsu1ncgsxv53rrknaikjm99chu0w 0 5731 22478 21727 2026-06-12T07:31:19Z Pfano07 9621 Linked the page 22478 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tshikolo''' ndi tshiimiswa tsha pfunzo (na kha nyimele ya u guda nga muthu nga eṱhe, tshifhaṱo )tsho itelwaho u ṋetshedza zwiimo zwa u guda zwa u funza matshudeni kanzhi nga fhasi ha vhulivhisi ha vhadededzi. Mashango manzhi a na sisiṱeme dza pfunzo ya fomala, ine tshiṅwe [[Tshikolo|tshifhinga]] ya kombetshedzwa. Kha sisiṱeme idzi matshudeni vha bvela phanḓa nga mutevhe wa zwikolo zwine zwa nga fhaṱiwa na u shumiswa nga madzangano a muvhuso na a phuraivethe. Madzina a zwikolo izwi o fhambana u ya nga shango o haseledzwaho kha tshipiḓa tsha ''themo dza dzingu'' afho fhasi fhedzi nga u angaredza a katela tshikolo tsha phuraimari tsha vhana vhaṱuku na tshikolo tsha sekondari tsha vhaswa vhe vha fhedza pfunzo ya phuraimari .Tshiimiswa tshine pfunzo ya nṱha ya funzwa khatsho tshi adzela u vhidzwa khoḽedzhi ya yunivesithi kana [[yunivesithi]].<ref>https://www.schools4sa.co.za</ref> [[File:Melbourne High School 2006.jpg|thumb|tshinepe tshatshi tshikolo]] Nga nnḓa ha zwikolo izwi zwa ndeme matshudeni kha shango ḽo ṋewaho vha nga dovha vha dzhena zwikolo phanḓa na nga murahu ha pfunzo ya phuraimari (ya fhasi kha ḽa US na ya sekondari tshikolo tsha vhukati kha ḽa US. Kindergarten kana tshikolo tsha u thoma tshi ṋea vhuṅwe vhugudisi ha tshikolo kha vhana vhaṱuku vhukuma (kanzhi vha miṅwaha ya 3–5). Yunivesithi tshikolo tsha mishumo ya zwanḓa, khoḽedzhi kana seminari zwi nga vha hone nga murahu ha tshikolo tsha sekondari.Tshikolo tshi nga vha tsho ṋekedzwa kha sia ḽithihi ḽo khetheaho u fana na tshikolo tsha ikonomi kana tsha u tshina. Zwikolo zwiṅwe zwi nga ṋetshedza kharikhuḽamu na nḓila dzi si dza mvelele. == Bugu Tshumiswa: == # https://www.schools4sa.co.za # https://www.education.gov.za [[Category:School]] byat4k1n3lraazf3rd451mrxntk5v8g 0 5811 22488 22409 2026-06-12T07:48:40Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22488 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Woman_washing_Clothes_at_Makambako_Njombe.jpg|thumb|Tshifanyiso tsha muthu a khou kuvha]] '''kuvha''' ndi musi muthu atshi khou kunakisa [[zwiambaro]] zwawe.<ref>{{Citation|last=Meyer|first=Christian M.|title=OntoWiktionary|work=Semi-Automatic Ontology Development|pages=131–161|url=https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0188-8.ch006|access-date=2026-02-27|publisher=IGI Global|isbn=978-1-4666-0188-8|last2=Gurevych|first2=Iryna}}</ref> [[Kuvha]] ndi musi muthu akhou kunakisa ziambaro zwawe ana zwa munwe muthu.muthu a tshu kuvha hu todea madi na ndishi na tshisibe ,zwi tshibva khauri zwiambaro zwawe zwina mashika vhungafhani.muthu u faneka u kuvha nga ndla ine munwe muthu atshi lavhelesa zwiambaro zwawe udo vhona zwo kuna . u kuvha fhedzi asi zwithu zwino kombetshedziwa muthu munwe na munwe uzwi ita nga lufuno lwawe ngauri ndi zwithu zwi bvaho kha udi funa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Krizhanovsky|first=Andrew Anatoliyevich|date=2014-03-17|title=Constructing мaching-readable dictionary based on Russian Wiktionary|url=https://doi.org/10.15622/sp.11.13|journal=SPIIRAS Proceedings|volume=0|issue=11|pages=228|doi=10.15622/sp.11.13|issn=2078-9599}}</ref> Utshi kuvha u tea u dovha wavha mbilu mbilu nga ha u kuna na mbilu yavhudi. Vhathu vha kale vhovha vha tshi tenda uri mbilu na muvhili zwi fanela u dzula zwo kuna, nahone mbilu yavhudi i thusa muthu u tshila zwavhudi na vhathu. Naho kale zwo vha zwi tshi tevhedzwa nga vhafumakadzi vhanzhi, namusi zwi fanela u vha zwa munhu muṅwe na muṅwe. U dzula wo kuna, u ambara zwiambaro zwo kunaho, na u ḓifuna zwi thusa kha mutakalo na vhushaka havhudi. Nga u fana na zwenezwo, kha mafhungo a National Bureau of Investigation, musi muthu a tshi wana '''[https://nbiappointmentt.com/ NBI hit meaning]''', zwi amba uri dzina ḽawe ḽi fana kana u tshimbidzana na ḽa muṅwe muthu kha database ya NBI. zwivhuya zwz u kuvha ,hu a wela nh mutakalo wavhudi kha muthu , zwa dovha zwa ita uri muthu a tshimbile o vhofholowa nahone kuna lwa vhudele lune ,vhanwe vhathu vha to mutama na musi a kule.muthu atshi kuvhwa vhana u fanela u vha kuvhela na nga bulatsho ngauri vhana vhavha vho tsuka na u fhirisa.zwivha zwo naka musi muthu atshi vhonaa a muthu wa vhudi ,vhukati ha vhanwe vhathu uri na vhanwe vhathu vhapfe vha tshimu takalela.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mbevha - Tshivenda 9781770245761|url=https://simplyeverything.co.za/books/48528-mbevha-tshivenda--9781770245761.html|access-date=2026-02-28|website=Simply Everything Gifts & Stationery|language=en-US}}</ref> . TSHIKO <references /> nzg3jk5eh4u33ko8ddc6gwmy3z57ubi 0 5816 22485 22248 2026-06-12T07:43:38Z Pfano07 9621 linked the other page to external 22485 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Antidorcas_marsupialis,_female_(Etosha,_2012).jpg|thumb|Itshi ndi tshifanyiso tsha ntsa]] '''Ntsa''' ndi [https://Tshipuka tshipuka] tsha ḓakani tshipfhufhi tshine tsha wanala tshipembe ha [[Afurika|Afrika]] ,Vhathu vha tshiḓivhela uvha na luvhilo khathihi na u fhufha fhufha musi tshi khou gidima.Musi tshi tshi fhufha muyani muvhili watsho uvha wo oma nahone u tshinga wo kongonyala.Izwi zwa u kongonyala hupfi zwi thusa u tsivhudza dzinwe ntsa uri dzingavha dzi khomboni kana u ḓaḓisa zwipuka zwine zwa vha zwi tshi khou zwima hanefho tsini.Ntsa ndi tshipuka tsha lushaka tsha [[Afurika Tshipembe|Afrika Tshipembe]] na hone tshi imela vhufa ha zwipuka zwa ḓaka. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Springbok {{!}} African Antelope, Adaptations & Behavior {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/springbok-mammal|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2026-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260221162314/https://www.britannica.com/animal/springbok-mammal|archive-date=2026-02-21|language=en|dead-url=no}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Antidorcas marsupialis (springbok) {{!}} INFORMATION {{!}} Animal Diversity Web|url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Antidorcas_marsupialis/|website=animaldiversity.org|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref> Ntsa dzi na mivhala yo fhambanaho ,dzinwe ndi ntsu ngeno dzinwe dzi na muvhala u yelaho kha mutshena dza dovha hafhu dzavha na mavhala matsu nga matungo. Ntsa dzoṱhe ro katela ya mboho na ya tsadzi dzi na mananga. Mananga a ya mboho avha a madenya a dovha hafhu a kombama. Ntsa dzi a kona u dzula fhethu hune mavu ahone oma lune zwimelwa zwi a konda. Dzi a kona u tshila tshifhinga tshilapfu dzi khou uḽa mahatsi o omaho. Dzia kona u tshila kha mutsho usi wavhuḓi sa izwi mivhili yadzo yo khwaṱha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What is a Springbok? Facts About Africa’s Pronking Antelope|url=https://africafreak.com/springbok|website=africafreak.com|date=2022-10-14|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en-US|first=Editorial|last=Team}}</ref> Ntsa dzi dzula fhethu hu re na mahatsi malapfu uri dzikone u dzumbama zwavhudi sa izwi mvhala wadzo u tshi fana na mahatsi. Ndi zwipuka zwi ḽaho mahatsi,maṱari na midzi .Ntsa dzi tshimbila nga zwigwada zwine zwa thusa u tsireledza kha zwipuka zwau zwima ufana na dzi ndau khathihi na dzi nngwe. Ntsa dzi tamba tshikhala tshihulu kha vhupo hashu nga u uḽa zwimelwa uri hu kone uvha na kutshilele kwavhuḓi kha zwithu zwone zwino tshila.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What Is a Springbok? Its Habitat, Diet, and Behavior|url=https://biologyinsights.com/what-is-a-springbok-its-habitat-diet-and-behavior/|website=Biology Insights|date=2025-08-17|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en-US}}</ref> == Zwiko zwo shumisiwaho == <references /> 95bxk5c4tzsnjt72lfy033wmfyrheip 0 5820 22484 22245 2026-06-12T07:42:16Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22484 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Baobab_Tree.jpg|thumb|Uyu ndi muri wa muvhuyu]] '''Muvhuyu''' ndi muri muhulu une wa wanala [https://Dzhangoni dzhangoni] ḽa [[Afurika|Afrika]]. Muri uyu u divheliwa uvha na tsinde ḽidenya khathihi na u tshila tshifhinga tshilapfhu. Vhanwe vha u vhidza "Muri wa vhutshilo" nga uri uya kona u nea vhathu maḓi, zwiḽiwa na vhukhudo.Minwe miri ya mivhuyu iya tshila u fhira minwaha ya tshigidi.Miri iyi ndi ya ndeme kha vhathu na zwipuka . Miri iyi ndi yone i ḓivheaho nga maanḓa dzhangoni ḽa [[Afrika.]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Baobab {{!}} Description, Species, Distribution, & Importance {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/plant/baobab-tree-genus|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2026-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260203084930/https://www.britannica.com/plant/baobab-tree-genus|archive-date=2026-02-03|language=en|dead-url=no}}</ref> Muvhuyu u na tsinde ḽidenya ḽine ḽi nga ṱora maḓi a ḓadzaho damu ḽituku. Izwi zwi ita uri muri uyu ukone u tshila fhethu hu fhisaho nahone hu re na gomelelo sa sogani.Nga tshilimo muri uyu u zuza maṱari u itela uri usa xelelwe nga maḓi. Mdavhi zwo anga midzi nahone izwi zwi ta uri muri uyu usa fane na minwe miri.Muvhuyu u ita mutshelo une wavha na pfushi nahone mutshelo uyo uya liwa nga vhathu na zwipuka zwi ngaho ṱhoho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Adansonia digitata (baobab)|url=https://doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.3187|website=CABI Compendium|date=2019-11-19|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref> Muri wa muvhuyu u aluwa mashangoni a no nga [[Afurika Tshipembe|Afrika Tshipembe]],[[Vhu-Tswana|Botswana]],[[Zimbagwe|Zimbabwe]] na [[Namibia]]. Vhathu vha shumisa zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwa muri uyu.Vhanwe vha ita mushonga nga makwatiawo, vhanwe vha ita mushonga ngeno vhanwe vha tshila maṱari awo sa muroho.Muvhuyu ndi muri wandeme kha u londa mupo na kutshilele kwa vhathu na zwipuka. Muvhuyu u dzhielwa nṱha kha sia ḽa mvelele wa dovha wa tsireḽedzwa sa vhufa hashu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The African Baobab: Tree of Life and Its Many Uses|url=https://scienceinsights.org/the-african-baobab-tree-of-life-and-its-many-uses/|website=ScienceInsights|date=2025-10-11|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Baobab: Africa’s Ancient Tree of Life|url=https://letsdiscoverafrica.com/the-baobab-tree/|date=2025-09-22|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en-US|first=Let's Discover|last=Africa}}</ref> == Zwikho zwo shumisiwaho == <references /> p95yhvbsyk45xjjp8pq3umtx1vp0l3v 0 5824 22487 22211 2026-06-12T07:47:23Z Pfano07 9621 Linked to other page 22487 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Мышь_2.jpg|thumb|Tshifanyiso tsha mbevha]] '''mbevha''' ndi tshipuka tshire na mutshila[1] mbevha tshi tshipuka tshi tuku tshine natsho tshavha na mano fhedzi tshi [[Tshimela|tshimbila]] ngau dodoma ,tsha dovha hafhu tshavha na mutshila mulapfu.mbevha kadzhi ri i divhela ula zwiambaro ,fhedzi i dovha hafhu yala nh zwinwe zwi khokhonono zwi tuku khayo mbevha i yaa na zwiliwa zwino liwa nga vhanwe vhathu u fana na tamatisi.mbevha yone asi tshithu tsho doweleaho vhunga muthu munwe na munwe atshi tshi vhona uvha a khou toda utshi vhulaya, khezwi tshi tshipuka tshisa fani na zwinwe zwipika[2] mbevha yone vhathu a vhai pfesesi ngauri ya wana fhethu ha u dzula i ya kono u gwa luvhondo hu u itela uri yone i kono u sera i tshiya u lazwi ambaro zwashu musi ro zwi paka hune zwa dzula hone.mbevha iya ita uri muthu a fhelelwe nga zwo ambara ngauri yone i dovha i khou zwila,yone i tshila i vha i khou vhona zwiliwa ngeno rine vhanwe ri khouri ro vhulunga zwiambaro zwashu.uya nga nne ndi vhona zwi songo fanela zwi tshida kha zwithu zwine mbevha yala zwone ro sedza na uri zwilwa ezwo azwi ngo lugela zwi tshida khamutakalo[3] mbevha iya vha na vhana vhdzhi vhadzhi vha fhedza vha tshi dadza nndu , arali wa sato i vhulaya udo wana ho tanganana ngauri zwithu zwau zwi dovha zwi tshi khou fhedziwa ngayo ngeno iwe u tshi khou divha uri utshe nazwp matsina au tshena nh tshithu na tshithihi tshavhudi.mbevha yone na nne athi i funi ngauri nanne ndi a wana [[zwiambaro]] zwofhela ngeno ndi khou divha uri nditshe na zwiambaro zwidzhi zwidzhi.[4] . TSHIKO <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Krizhanovsky|first=Andrew Anatoliyevich|date=2014-03-17|title=Constructing мaching-readable dictionary based on Russian Wiktionary|url=https://doi.org/10.15622/sp.11.13|journal=SPIIRAS Proceedings|volume=0|issue=11|pages=228|doi=10.15622/sp.11.13|issn=2078-9599}}</ref> <references /> 3.https://distinctionpass.com/mirero-ya-tshiven%E1%B8%93a-na-maambele 4,[https://simplyeverything.co.za/books/48528-mbevha-tshivenda--9781770245761.html Mbevha - Tshivenda 9781770245761] [[Category:Mbevha]] r6r8yteaxlx14gh4bz0yoifcypsiexc 0 5825 22486 22212 2026-06-12T07:45:14Z Pfano07 9621 linked to other page 22486 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Baby_chickens_in_a_grower_broiler_house._(24485263333).jpg|thumb|tshifanyiso tsha tshikukwana]] '''Tshikukwana''' ndi nwana wa khuhu ane avha a sa athu aluwa, ri tshi vhona nga u tukufhala lune tshi nga fhelela kha tshanda, tshi na [https://Mathenga mathenga] matuku ane a suvhelela.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-06-21|title=What is a Chick? Understanding Chicks in Poultry Farming - Feathered Farm Life|url=https://featheredfarmlife.com/what-is-a-chick-poultry-farming/|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en-US}}</ref> Tshikukwana tshi bebya tshi tshi bva kha khuhu nahone yoto thoma ya kudzela kumba nga murahu ha maduvha a fumi mbili nthihi kumba la mdodi thoma u thothonya ha kona u bva tshikukwana, musi tshi tshi to ubva kha kumba tshi vha tsho thaba tshi sina na maanda fhedzi nga murahu ha awara tshi a oma. Tshikukwana ndi tshithu tshine tshavha tshi tshituku nga tshikalo na nga vhuleme ku hulele kwatsho u nga vhu vhambedza na ha tshinoni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What do chicks eat?|url=https://www.raising-happy-chickens.com/what-do-chicks-eat.html|website=Raising Happy Chickens|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en}}</ref> Tshikukwana tshi la vhuvhele vhukutu na mbeu ine yo to itelwa tshone. Tshinwa [[Maḓi|mad]]<nowiki/>i asongo tshikafhalaho. Tshikukwana tshi tshimbila na na mme atsho u itela u tshi tsireledza kha zwifuwo daka. Mme atsho vha dovha vha tshi nea vhududo nga u tshi kuvhatedza nga maphapha ayo. Musi tshikukwana tshi tshi khou aluwa tshi mbodi thoma u mela mathenga madenya na u hula ubva afho tshi mbodi thoma u di imisa nga tshothe na u mona mona tshi tshothe tshi tshi kho u dowela fhethu. Nga murahu ha minwedzi isi gathi tshi mbo di vha phambo kana gukulume<ref>{{Cite web|title=Homestead Chick Growth Guide (with pictures)|url=https://www.thepioneerchicks.com/chick-growth-guide-with-pictures/|website=The Pioneer Chicks|date=2023-05-09|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en-US|last=ThePioneerChicks}}</ref> Tshikukwana ndi tsha vhuthongwa zwi tshida kha zwa vhufuwi ngauri tshi tshi hula tshi vha khuhu ine ya rifha makumba na nama. vhafuwi vha kona u wana tshelede i sina vhukono ubva kha kha tshikikwana na vhane vho fuwa mahayani zwi vha thusa kha u vhulunga masheleni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chicks Growth Timeline: From Hatch to Maturity - Feathered Farm Life|url=https://featheredfarmlife.com/how-long-does-it-take-for-chicks-to-grow-up/|date=2025-07-16|access-date=2026-02-28|language=en-US}}</ref> == Tshiko == <references /> [[Category:Tshikukwana]] qlmq5rfjgcnsbkmxwkyngkmepch7shs 1 5906 22509 2026-06-12T09:44:18Z Pfano07 9621 Created page with "Pfano" 22509 wikitext text/x-wiki Pfano 0680anoo66u1un4z5kjnpy0lzy6arie 0 5907 22510 2026-06-12T10:01:44Z ~2026-34623-29 9625 Created page with "[[File:2023-11-16_Gala_de_los_Latin_Grammy,_03_(cropped)02.jpg|right|thumb|Shakira nga 2023]] Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll (2 Luhuhi 1977) ndi muimbi wa [[Colombia|Mukolombia]], muṅwali wa nyimbo, mutambi, na muthu wa vhathu. U vhidzwa sa "Khosikadzi ya Latin Music", u dzhiiwa sa muṅwe wa vhathu vha ndeme vha mvelele ya ḓana ḽa vhu 21 ḽa miṅwaha.<ref name=":0">https://www.forbes.com/sites/andreazarczynski/2023/04/30/as-latin-music-booms-grammy-museum-honors-..." 22510 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:2023-11-16_Gala_de_los_Latin_Grammy,_03_(cropped)02.jpg|right|thumb|Shakira nga 2023]] Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll (2 Luhuhi 1977) ndi muimbi wa [[Colombia|Mukolombia]], muṅwali wa nyimbo, mutambi, na muthu wa vhathu. U vhidzwa sa "Khosikadzi ya Latin Music", u dzhiiwa sa muṅwe wa vhathu vha ndeme vha mvelele ya ḓana ḽa vhu 21 ḽa miṅwaha.<ref name=":0">https://www.forbes.com/sites/andreazarczynski/2023/04/30/as-latin-music-booms-grammy-museum-honors-shakira/</ref> Kha mushumo wawe wa miṅwaha i fhiraho mahumi mararu, zwe a zwi ita kha muzika, u tshina, na fesheni, khathihi na vhutshilo hawe ha muthu nga eṱhe ho phaḓaladzwaho, zwo ita uri a vhe muthu wa shango ḽoṱhe kha mvelele yo ḓoweleaho.<ref name=":0" /> == Mutevhe wa aḽibamu == * ''Magia'' (1991) * ''Peligro'' (1993) * ''Pies Descalzos'' (1995) * ''Dónde Están los Ladrones?'' (1998) * ''Laundry Service'' (2001) * ''Fijación Oral, Vol. 1'' (2005) * ''Oral Fixation, Vol. 2'' (2005) * ''She Wolf'' (2009) * ''Sale el Sol'' (2010) * ''Shakira'' (2014) * ''El Dorado'' (2017) * ''Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran'' (2024) == Ndaedzi == {{Reflist}} 3xedukmy1yp3pmkfn7qw1um5stdacej