Wikipedia vewiki https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayani MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 5232 23107 22607 2026-09-07T11:41:20Z Friend19 9397 Created by translating the section "Family" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363059462|Tshepo Motsepe]]" 23107 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Tshepo Motsepe''' vho bebwa nga dzi 17 dza ňwedzi wa Fulwi 1953, ndi dokotela wa Afrika Tshipembe vha dovha hafhu vha vha ramabindu wa mufumakadzi . Ndi vhone mufumakadzi wa u thoma wa Afrika Tshipembe, sa mufumadzi wa Vho Cyril Ramaphosa, muphresidende wa Afrika Tshipembe. Ndi vhone mukomana muhulwane wa Brigedte Radebe na khaladzi yavho Vho Patrice [https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/poverty-violence-and-ill-health-among-issues-to-ensure-realisation-of-children-s-rights/ar-AA1poieP?ocid=BingNewsVerp Motsepe].<ref>Poverty, violence, and ill-health among issues to ensure realisation of children’s rights (msn.com)[https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/poverty-violence-and-ill-health-among-issues-to-ensure-realisation-of-children-s-rights/ar-AA1poieP?ocid=BingNewsVerp]</ref> == Boigrafi == Vho tshepo Motsepe vho gudela vhudokotela ha zwa mutakalo univesithi ya [[KwaZulu-Natal|Kwazulu Natal]] u khunyeledza masṱasi wavho kha zwa mutakalo wa lushaka ngei Harvard School of Public Health. Nga 2012, vho khunyeledza Bambiri yavho kha mbekanyamushumo ya vhubindudzi ha u shumisana ngei Gordon Institute of Business Science. Ndi vhone mudzulatshidulo wa zwino wa African Self Help [https://web.archive.org/web/20240827082743/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/tshepo-motsepe-africa-asia-health-conference-2019/ Trust] (ASHA Trust),yosedzanaho na nyaluwo ya mveledziso na pfunzo ya u ṱavhanya ya vhana.<ref>Poverty, violence, and ill-health among issues to ensure realisation of children’s rights (msn.com)</ref> Vho Motsepe vho shuma kha mushumo wa tshitshavha na wa phuraivethe kha Mmakau, Mahikeng, Johannesburg, Pretoria, na Zimbabwe. Ndi mufara mulanguli wa kale wa tshiimiswa tsha ṱhoḓisiso ya mutakalo wa mbebo.<ref>Tshepo Motsepe Biography: Age, Children, Husband, Siblings, Education, Pictures - Star Tribune</ref> == Family == Vho-Motsepe vho malana Vho- [[Cyril Ramaphosa]], Vhane vha vha Muphuresidennde wa Riphabuḽiki ya Afrika Tshipembe, vhane vha vha na vhana vhaṋa navho. Vho-Motsepe ndi mufumakadzi wa vhuraru wa Vho-Ramaphosa. Khotsi avho ndi munna wa vhaṋe Khosi Vho Augustine Butana Chaane Motsepe, vhe vha vha vho malana na mme avho Vho Margaret Martha Keneilwe Motsepe khaladzi avho ndi muhulwane wa migodi [[U Vuḓa ha Ṱhoḓea ya u Thoma|Vho Patrice Motsepe]], na murathu wavho Vho Bridgette Radebe, mufumakadzi wa rapolotiki wa Khongirese ya Lushaka ya Afrika (ANC) na Minisiṱa wa kale wa Fulufulu Vho Jeff Radebe . <ref>{{Cite news}}[https://www.ewn.co.za/2018/02/15/keeping-up-with-the-ramaphosas-meet-sa-s-new-first-family]</ref> 5kv1bkj7bo27q38b1vhav0m54m5hmkw 2 5612 23103 23053 2026-09-07T11:10:40Z Barbiey 9401 i deleted draft 4 23103 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina la nga ndi Barbiey [[User:Barbiey/Draft 1|Draft 1]] *[[User:Barbiey/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Barbiey/Draft 3|Draft 3]] 213bp3xrs6j94svrx7fkhxsztnpwkyi 23106 23103 2026-09-07T11:38:51Z Barbiey 9401 created draft 23106 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina la nga ndi Barbiey [[User:Barbiey/Draft 1|Draft 1]] *[[User:Barbiey/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Barbiey/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Barbiey/Draft 4|Draft 4]] anbymx811my1b37oc3w9jkxr4nb49tp 0 5727 23092 21723 2026-09-06T12:35:39Z TherealMasterchef 9434 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369796958|Money]]" 23092 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tshelede''' ndi tshithu tshiṅwe na tshiṅwe kana rekhodo ine ya nga khwaṱhisedzwa ine ya ṱanganedzwa nga u angaredza sa mbadelo ya thundu na tshumelo na u badela [[tshikolodo]], u fana na mithelo, kha shango ḽo khetheaho kana kha nyimele ya matshilisano na ikonomi. Mishumo mihulwane ine ya fhambanya tshelede ndi: vhukati ha u tshintshana, yuniti ya akhaunthu, vhengele ḽa ndeme na tshiṅwe tshifhinga, tshikalo tsha mbadelo yo fhiriselwaho phanḓa . Tshelede yo vha i ḓivhazwakale ya tshithu tshine tsha khou bvelela kha makete tshine tsha vha na ndeme ya nga ngomu sa tshibveledzwa ; hu ṱoḓaho u vha sisiṱeme dzoṱhe dza tshelede dza musalauno dzo thewa kha tshelede ya fiat i si na ndeme i si na ndeme ya u shumisa . Nga zwenezwo, ndeme yayo i bva kha thendelano ya matshilisano, yo no ḓivhadzwa nga muvhuso kana tshiimiswa tshi langaho uri ndi thandela i re mulayoni ; ndi uri, i tea u ṱanganedzwa sa nḓila ya mbadelo nga ngomu ha mikano ya shango, kha "zwikolodo zwoṱhe, zwa tshitshavha na zwa phuraivethe", kha nyimele ya doḽara ya United States . Tshelede ndi tshithu tshiṅwe na tshiṅwe kana rekhodo ine ya nga khwaṱhisedzwa ine ya ṱanganedzwa nga u angaredza sa mbadelo ya thundu na tshumelo na u badela zwikolodo, u fana na mithelo, kha shango ḽo khetheaho kana kha nyimele ya matshilisano na ikonomi.!! Mishumo mihulwane ine ya fhambanya tshelede ndi: vhukati ha u tshintshana, yuniti ya akhaunthu, vhengele ḽa ndeme na tshiṅwe tshifhinga, tshikalo tsha mbadelo yo fhiriselwaho phanḓa. Ipfi ''tshelede'' ḽi bva kha ipfi ḽa Lulatini {{Lang|la|moneta}} ' 'tshelede ya tsimbi ' nga monnaie wa Tshifura . . Hu tendiwa uri ipfi ḽa Lulatini ḽo bva thembeleni ya Juno, ngei Capitoline, iṅwe ya zwikwara zwa sumbe zwa Roma. Shangoni ḽa kale, kanzhi Juno o vha a tshi ṱanganedzwa na tshelede. Thembele ya Juno Moneta ngei Roma ho vha hu fhethu he ha vha hu na mint ya Roma ḽa Kale. Kha shango ḽa Vhukovhela, ipfi ḽo ḓoweleaho ḽa tshelede ya tsimbi ḽo vha ḽi ''[[wiktionary:specie|lushaka]]'', ḽi bvaho kha Lulatini lushaka ' . == Ḓivhazwakale == [[File:Gold_Stater_of_Pharaoh_Nektanebo_II.jpg|left|thumb|230x230px| ṱirathedzhi tsha Nectanebo II : murahu na zwiga zwa ''nfr-nb'', zwo bveledzwaho Egipita nga 360 BC. ]] U shumiswa ha nḓila dzine dza nga barter -like zwi nga vha zwo thoma miṅwahani ya 100,000 yo fhiraho, naho hu si na vhuṱanzi ha tshitshavha kana ikonomi ye ya vha i tshi ḓitika nga maanḓa nga u tshintshana. Nṱhani hazwo, zwitshavha zwi si zwa masheleni zwo shuma nga maanḓa u ya nga milayo ya ikonomi ya zwifhiwa na tshikolodo . Musi u tshintshana hu tshi itea zwa vhukuma, kanzhi ho vha hu vhukati ha vhathu vhane vha sa vha ḓivhe tshoṱhe kana vhane vha nga vha maswina. Mvelele nnzhi u mona na shango dzo fhedza dzo bveledza u shumisa tshelede ya zwibveledzwa . Shekele ya Mesopotamia yo vha i yuniti ya tshileme, nahone yo vha i tshi ḓitika nga vhunzhi ha tshithu tshi ngaho thoro dza 160 dza baḽi .    U thoma u shumisiwa ha ipfi ḽeneḽi zwo bva Mesopotamia nga vho 3000 BC. Zwitshavha zwa Amerikha, Asia, Afurika na Ausitiria zwo vha zwi tshi shumisa tshelede ya ganda —kanzhi, ganda ḽa ṋowa ( ''Cypraea moneta L.'' kana ''C. annulus L.'' ). U ya nga Herodotus, Vhalidia ndi vhone vhathu vha u thoma u thoma u shumisa tshelede dza musuku na dza siliva . Hu humbulelwa nga vhagudi vha musalauno uri hedzi tshelede dza u thoma dzo ṱamiwa dzo vha dzo itwa nga vho 650 uya kha 600 BC. Tshelede ya vhuimeleli ina ḓivhazwakale ndapfu. Vhavhambadzi vha musuku na siliva kana bannga vho vha vha tshi ḓo ṋea vhane vha vhea tshelede yavho dzirasiti, dzine dza nga rengululwa nga tshelede ya zwibveledzwa zwo vhewaho. Mafheleloni, dzenedzi rasiti dzo mbo ḓi ṱanganedzwa nga vhathu vhoṱhe sa nḓila ya u badela nahone dza shumiswa sa tshelede. Tshelede ya mabammbiri kana tshelede ya maṱari yo thoma u shumiswa ngei Tshaina nga tshifhinga tsha muvhuso wa Song . Hedzi tshelede dza tshelede, dzine dza ḓivhiwa sa " jiaozi ", dzo bvelela u bva kha tshelede dza fulufhedziso dze dza vha dzi tshi shumiswa u bva nga ḓana ḽa vhu-7 ḽa miṅwaha. Naho zwo ralo, a dzo ngo dzhiela vhudzulo tshelede ya zwibveledzwa nahone dzo vha dzi tshi shumiswa khathihi na tshelede dza tsimbi. Nga ḓana ḽa vhu-13 ḽa miṅwaha, tshelede ya mabammbiri yo thoma u ḓivhiwa Yuropa nga mafhungo a vhaendelamashango, vha ngaho Marco Polo na William wa Rubruck . Mafhungo a Marco Polo a tshelede ya mabammbiri nga tshifhinga tsha vhuhosi ha Yuan ndi tshiṱoho tsha ndima ya bugu yawe, ''The Travels of Marco Polo'', ine ya pfi " [[wikisource:The Travels of Marco Polo/Book 2/Chapter 24|Nḓila ine Kaan Muhulwane A Ita Ngayo Makwati a Miri, O Itwaho Nga Tshithu Sa Mabammbiri, U Fhirisela Tshelede Shangoni Ḽoṱhe]] ." Masheleni a tshelede o thoma u bviswa kha ḽa Europe nga Stockholms Banco nga 1661 nahone a dovha a shumiswa khathihi na tshelede dza tsimbi. The gold standard, maitele a tshelede hune tshishumiswa tsha u tshintsha ndi tshelede dza mabammbiri dzine dza nga shandukiswa dza vha tshelede dzo vhewaho phanḓa, dzo dzudzanywaho dza musuku, dzo dzhiela vhudzulo u shumiswa ha tshelede dza musuku sa tshelede nga ḓana ḽa vhu-17–19 ḽa miṅwaha ngei Yuropa. Dzenedzi tshelede dza musuku dzo vha dzi tshi itwa tshelede i re mulayoni, nahone u rengululwa ha tshelede dza musuku zwo vha zwi sa ṱuṱuwedziwi. Mathomoni a ḓana ḽa vhu-20 ḽa miṅwaha, hu ṱoḓaho u vha mashango oṱhe o vha o no ṱanganedza maitele a musuku, a tshi tikedza tshelede dzao dza tshelede dzi re mulayoni nga tshivhalo tsho vhewaho tsha musuku. 4f3nz7olqppjl464ar2cdw4nyicvylk 0 6076 23094 2026-09-07T08:25:09Z Barbiey 9401 i created an article 23094 wikitext text/x-wiki Khombo yo bvelela ngei kha purovintsi ya Limpopo ,Musina zwe zwa sia hu tshi khou huvhala vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi. avho vhathu vho vha vha tshi khou bva ngei Kwazulu-natal vho livha beitbridge.ho pfhala uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha akho sumbedza u neta zwe zwa ita uri vha sale vha kho wana khombo, ye ya do sia na ene mune mureili a tshi khou ri sia. Avha vhathu ndi vhane vha bva malawi nahone vho vha vho livha hanengei musi khombo i tshi bvelela Mashudu mavhuya avho vhathu vhe vha vha vho huvhala vho wana thuso nga u tavhanya ,we asa vhe na mashudu ndi mureili wa bisi.ho pfhala uri zwinwe zwa zwithu zwa vhanameli zwo vha zwo balangana fhasi.Nahone hu khou tendwa kha zwa uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha o no neta zwa izwi avha vhathu vha tshi khou bva vha Kwazulu-Natal ,fhedzi hu na vhathu vhane vho sumbedza uri a vhango huvhala ngauri vho kona na u di kuvhanyanyela zwithu zwavho zwe zwa vha zwo balangana. kdv4wnkmk95c81a0k8ouhibkzv5x0uf 23095 23094 2026-09-07T08:28:08Z Barbiey 9401 Add reference 23095 wikitext text/x-wiki Khombo yo bvelela ngei kha purovintsi ya Limpopo ,Musina zwe zwa sia hu tshi khou huvhala vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi. avho vhathu vho vha vha tshi khou bva ngei Kwazulu-natal vho livha beitbridge.ho pfhala uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha akho sumbedza u neta zwe zwa ita uri vha sale vha kho wana khombo, ye ya do sia na ene mune mureili a tshi khou ri sia. Avha vhathu ndi vhane vha bva malawi nahone vho vha vho livha hanengei musi khombo i tshi bvelela.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/driver-killed-and-11-injured-in-repatriation-bus-crash-on-n1-limpopo/</ref> Mashudu mavhuya avho vhathu vhe vha vha vho huvhala vho wana thuso nga u tavhanya ,we asa vhe na mashudu ndi mureili wa bisi.ho pfhala uri zwinwe zwa zwithu zwa vhanameli zwo vha zwo balangana fhasi.Nahone hu khou tendwa kha zwa uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha o no neta zwa izwi avha vhathu vha tshi khou bva vha Kwazulu-Natal ,fhedzi hu na vhathu vhane vho sumbedza uri a vhango huvhala ngauri vho kona na u di kuvhanyanyela zwithu zwavho zwe zwa vha zwo balangana. qzhz7e5f56kn40y7d2j9zlx9lylqnoh 23096 23095 2026-09-07T08:38:43Z Barbiey 9401 Added reference 23096 wikitext text/x-wiki Khombo yo bvelela ngei kha purovintsi ya Limpopo ,Musina zwe zwa sia hu tshi khou huvhala vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi. avho vhathu vho vha vha tshi khou bva ngei Kwazulu-natal vho livha beitbridge.ho pfhala uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha akho sumbedza u neta zwe zwa ita uri vha sale vha kho wana khombo, ye ya do sia na ene mune mureili a tshi khou ri sia. Avha vhathu ndi vhane vha bva malawi nahone vho vha vho livha hanengei musi khombo i tshi bvelela.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/driver-killed-and-11-injured-in-repatriation-bus-crash-on-n1-limpopo/</ref> Mashudu mavhuya avho vhathu vhe vha vha vho huvhala vho wana thuso nga u tavhanya ,we asa vhe na mashudu ndi mureili wa bisi.ho pfhala uri zwinwe zwa zwithu zwa vhanameli zwo vha zwo balangana fhasi.Nahone hu khou tendwa kha zwa uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha o no neta zwa izwi avha vhathu vha tshi khou bva vha Kwazulu-Natal ,fhedzi hu na vhathu vhane vho sumbedza uri a vhango huvhala ngauri vho kona na u di kuvhanyanyela zwithu zwavho zwe zwa vha zwo balangana.<ref>https://www.ewn.co.za/2026/07/01/limpopo-repatriation-bus-crash-driver-dies-at-least-11-injured</ref> gsm002lpdqhnvlk7zy5f3a5fci5ls40 23098 23096 2026-09-07T09:06:39Z Barbiey 9401 added reference 23098 wikitext text/x-wiki Khombo yo bvelela ngei kha purovintsi ya Limpopo ,Musina zwe zwa sia hu tshi khou huvhala vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi. avho vhathu vho vha vha tshi khou bva ngei Kwazulu-natal vho livha beitbridge.ho pfhala uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha akho sumbedza u neta zwe zwa ita uri vha sale vha kho wana khombo, ye ya do sia na ene mune mureili a tshi khou ri sia. Avha vhathu ndi vhane vha bva malawi nahone vho vha vho livha hanengei musi khombo i tshi bvelela.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/driver-killed-and-11-injured-in-repatriation-bus-crash-on-n1-limpopo/</ref> Mashudu mavhuya avho vhathu vhe vha vha vho huvhala vho wana thuso nga u tavhanya ,we asa vhe na mashudu ndi mureili wa bisi.ho pfhala uri zwinwe zwa zwithu zwa vhanameli zwo vha zwo balangana fhasi.Nahone hu khou tendwa kha zwa uri khombo yo bvelela nga murahu ha musi mureili o vha o no neta zwa izwi avha vhathu vha tshi khou bva vha Kwazulu-Natal ,fhedzi hu na vhathu vhane vho sumbedza uri a vhango huvhala ngauri vho kona na u di kuvhanyanyela zwithu zwavho zwe zwa vha zwo balangana.<ref>https://www.ewn.co.za/2026/07/01/limpopo-repatriation-bus-crash-driver-dies-at-least-11-injured</ref> refarentsi rl2g1vizh4mf1s5i2r8yu0q56jxer1z 0 6077 23097 2026-09-07T09:05:32Z BlasjBa 9804 /* */ Page created 23097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lentepubblica.it''' è una [[testata giornalistica]] online italiana che pubblica notizie e approfondimenti principalmente relativi alla [[pubblica amministrazione italiana]], agli [[ente locale|enti locali]], al pubblico impiego, alla fiscalità, alla scuola, ai concorsi pubblici e ai rapporti tra amministrazioni, cittadini e imprese.<ref name="sito">[https://lentepubblica.it/ Lentepubblica.it – sito ufficiale], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> La testata è registrata presso il Tribunale di Catania con il numero 18 del 21 dicembre 2017.<ref name="testata">[https://lentepubblica.it/chi-siamo/ Lentepubblica.it – La testata], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> L'editore indicato dal sito è '''Mediazioni srl''', iscritta al [[Registro degli operatori di comunicazione]] (ROC) con il numero 36643.<ref name="testata" /> == Storia == Lentepubblica.it risulta registrata come testata giornalistica presso il Tribunale di Catania dal 21 dicembre 2017.<ref name="testata" /> La pubblicazione si è concentrata su temi riguardanti la pubblica amministrazione italiana, gli enti locali e le normative che interessano il settore pubblico, affiancando a tali argomenti contenuti rivolti anche a cittadini, imprese e professionisti.<ref name="sito" /> == Contenuti == Lentepubblica.it organizza i propri contenuti in diverse aree tematiche. Tra queste figurano: * cittadini e imprese; * contabilità, bilancio, tasse e tributi; * pubblica amministrazione e digitale; * personale e previdenza; * scuola; * concorsi pubblici; * bandi e finanziamenti; * buone pratiche; * cultura ed eventi; * normativa e giurisprudenza.<ref name="sito" /> La testata pubblica inoltre contenuti riguardanti appalti pubblici, previdenza, servizi pubblici, procedure amministrative, fiscalità e gestione del personale degli enti pubblici.<ref name="sito" /> == Pubblica amministrazione ed enti locali == Una parte dei contenuti riguarda l'organizzazione e il funzionamento della pubblica amministrazione e degli enti locali. Gli articoli affrontano temi relativi al personale pubblico, ai comuni, agli appalti, alla normativa amministrativa, alla previdenza, alla gestione finanziaria degli enti e all'applicazione delle disposizioni legislative nel settore pubblico.<ref name="sito" /> Una specifica sezione, denominata ''PA e Digitale'', è dedicata alla trasformazione digitale della pubblica amministrazione. Gli argomenti trattati comprendono servizi digitali, sistemi informativi, sicurezza informatica, protezione dei dati e applicazione delle tecnologie digitali nelle amministrazioni pubbliche.<ref>[https://lentepubblica.it/categoria/pa-digitale/ Lentepubblica.it – PA e Digitale], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> == Concorsi pubblici == Il sito comprende una sezione dedicata ai [[concorso pubblico|concorsi pubblici]] e alle procedure di reclutamento nel settore pubblico. I contenuti riguardano bandi, requisiti di partecipazione, scadenze, graduatorie e procedure di selezione presso amministrazioni ed enti pubblici.<ref>[https://lentepubblica.it/categoria/concorsi-pubblici/ Lentepubblica.it – Concorsi pubblici], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> == Personale e previdenza == La sezione dedicata al personale e alla previdenza tratta questioni relative al pubblico impiego, ai rapporti di lavoro nelle amministrazioni, alla contrattazione, alle pensioni e alla normativa previdenziale. Sono inoltre pubblicati contenuti riguardanti amministratori locali, dipendenti pubblici e organizzazione del lavoro negli enti territoriali.<ref>[https://lentepubblica.it/categoria/personale-e-previdenza/ Lentepubblica.it – Personale e previdenza], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> == Scuola == Lentepubblica.it dispone di una sezione dedicata alla [[scuola in Italia|scuola italiana]]. Gli articoli riguardano, tra gli altri argomenti, il personale scolastico, l'organizzazione delle attività didattiche, i calendari scolastici, il reclutamento e i provvedimenti normativi relativi al settore dell'istruzione.<ref>[https://lentepubblica.it/categoria/scuola/ Lentepubblica.it – Scuola], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> == Contabilità e fiscalità == La sezione dedicata a contabilità e fiscalità comprende articoli relativi a tributi, bilanci, adempimenti fiscali e disposizioni riguardanti cittadini, imprese ed enti pubblici.<ref>[https://lentepubblica.it/categoria/contabilita-bilancio-tasse-tributi/ Lentepubblica.it – Contabilità e tasse], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> Tra gli argomenti presenti figurano la fiscalità locale, gli adempimenti tributari e provvedimenti collegati all'[[Agenzia delle entrate]]. == Attività editoriale == Gli articoli sono pubblicati dalla redazione e da diversi autori e collaboratori. Il sito ospita inoltre l'iniziativa denominata ''ParteciPAttivi'', attraverso la quale vengono pubblicati contributi relativi agli argomenti trattati dalla testata.<ref>[https://lentepubblica.it/partecipattivi/ Lentepubblica.it – ParteciPAttivi], consultato il 7 settembre 2026.</ref> Sono presenti anche contenuti video e webinar dedicati a temi relativi alla pubblica amministrazione e al settore pubblico.<ref name="sito" /> == Editore == Secondo le informazioni pubblicate dalla testata, l'editore di Lentepubblica.it è '''Mediazioni srl''', con sede a [[Valmontone]], nella [[città metropolitana di Roma Capitale]].<ref name="testata" /> La società risulta indicata dal sito con il numero 36643 del Registro degli operatori di comunicazione.<ref name="testata" /> == Note == <references /> == Collegamenti esterni == [https://lentepubblica.it/ Sito ufficiale] 9na51szh6jvf9xjzwr7wajls5lgn58t 0 6078 23099 2026-09-07T09:32:39Z Uzwo 9414 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372838503|Eggs as food]]" 23099 wikitext text/x-wiki  Makumba sa Vhathu na dzinwe vhathu vho no ḽa makumba lwa minwaha ya dzi miḽiyoni. Makumba ane a ḽiwa vhukuma ndi a khuhu nga maanḓa khuhu . Vhathu Tshipembe vhubva duvha Asia vho thoma u kaṋa makumba a khuhu uri vha kone u a ḽa nga vho 1500 BCE. Makumba a zwiṅwe zwiṋoni, a ngaho masekwa na osotiritshi , a ḽiwa tshifhinga tshoṱhe fhedzi ha ḽiwi nga maanḓa u fana na a khuhu. Vhathu vha nga dovha vha ḽa makumba a zwikokovhi, zwipuka zwi tshilaho lwanzheni, na khovhe . Makumba a khovhe ane a ḽiwa sa zwiḽiwa a ḓivhiwa sa roe kana khaviya . Khuhu na zwinwe zwivhumbwa zwine zwa vhea makumba zwi ya fuwiwa kha shango lothe, na u bveledziwa ha makumba a khuhu nga vhunzhi ndi nḓowetshumo ya shango ḽoṱhe. Nga 2009, ho anganyelwa uri 62.1 miliyoni thani dza methiki ya makumba o bveledziwa shango lothe ubva kha sambi lothe line la vha uri li khou beba line la swika 6.4 biliyoni ya khuhu. Huna mafhungo a u fhambana ha dzingu kha ṱhoḓea na u lavhelela, khathihi na khanedzano dza zwino malugana na nḓila dza u bveledza nga vhunzhi. Nga 2012, European Union yo thivhela u fuwa khuhu nga beṱiri . == Ḓivhazwakale == [[File:Maler_der_Grabkammer_des_Menna_009.jpg|thumb| Zwifanyiso zwa kale zwa Egipita zwa zwiṱhavhelo vhiḓani ḽa Menna, u katela na tshirundu tsha makumba .]] dsxehp4bd1xmu0yd8xiw3mzdc0d5ify 0 6079 23100 2026-09-07T09:48:33Z Una maanda 9394 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373199537|Dog]]" 23100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mmbwa''' ( '''''Canis familiaris''''' kana '''''Canis lupus familiaris''''' ) ndi tshipuka tshine tsha fuwiwa hayani. tshi dovha tsha vhidzwa '''mmbwa ya hayani''', yo fuwiwa nga tshifhinga tsha Late Pleistocene nga vhazwimi-vhakuvhanganyi . Mmbwa na mmbwa ya musalauno ya grey wolf dzi na vhushaka vhuthihi. Mmbwa dzo vha dzone tshaka dza u thoma u fuwiwa minwaha ya 14,000 yo fhiraho, hu sa athu thoma u bveledziwa zwa vhulimi, naho huna uri ngudo dza dzi genetic dzi sumbedza uri maitele a u fuwa a nga vha o thoma minwaha ya 25,000 yo fhiraho. Nga mulandu wa vhushaka havho na vhathu lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu, mmbwa dzo wana vhukoni ha u bvelela kha zwiḽiwa zwo pfumaho nga starch zwine zwa nga vha zwi songo eḓana kha dziṅwe canids . 30n5wd9w0jvwm6my2c7rn6u5foxe2ae 0 6080 23101 2026-09-07T10:02:26Z Uzwo 9414 Ndo nwala athikili 23101 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Basotho traditional beer 01.jpg|thumb|Mukumbi halwa ha vhavenda ]] '''Mukumbi''' ndi tshinwiwa tsha sialala tsha Vhavenda tshi itwaho nga mitshelo ya mafura, ine ya vha mitshelo ya muri wa marula. Mafura a kuvhanganywa musi o no vhibva, a lugiselwa u itwa tshinwiwa, nahone maḓi a mitshelo a siiwa uri a rothole lwa maḓuvha. Musi tshi kha ḓi rothola, mukumbi u nga vha na muthetshelo wa swigiri, fhedzi musi u tshi bvela phanḓa na u rothola u mbo ḓi shanduka wa vha tshinwiwa tshi re na halwa. Mukumbi ndi tshipiḓa tsha ndeme tsha mvelele na sialala ya Vhavenda, ngauri wo vha u tshi lugiselwa na u ṋewa vhathu nga tshifhinga tsha mabiko, miṱangano na zwiitea zwa sialala. U dovha wa thusa kha u ṱanganya vhathu na u khwaṱhisa vhushaka kha tshitshavha. U lugiselwa ha mukumbi ndi nḓivho ya sialala ine ya fhiriselwa u bva kha vhomakhulukuku ya tshi swika kha murafho muswa. Nga zwenezwo, mukumbi a si tshinwiwa fhedzi, fhedzi ndi tshipiḓa tsha ndeme tsha mvelele, sialala na vhutshilo ha Vhavenda.<ref>Mabala, M. G. ''Traditional Knowledge and Uses of Indigenous Plants among the Venda People''. University of Venda.</ref> Mukumbi ndi tshinwiwa tsha sialala tshine tsha vha na ndeme khulwane kha mvelele ya Vhavenda. U lugiselwa nga mafura musi o no vhibva, nahone vhathu vha a kuvhanganya, vha a ṱanzwa na u a lugisela uri hu bve maḓi a mitshelo. Maḓi ayo a litshiwa lwa tshifhinga uri a rothole, zwa ita uri a shanduke nga zwiṱuku nga zwiṱuku. Mukumbi wo vha u tshi shumiswa kha zwiitea zwo fhambanaho zwa sialala, zwihuluhulu musi hu na mabiko, miṱangano ya tshitshavha na miṱangano ya miṱa.<ref>Tshidzumba, S. E. ''Traditional Fermented Beverages among the Vhavenda''. University of Venda.</ref> Vhathu vho vha vha tshi kuvhangana vha nwa mukumbi, vha amba, vha imba na u pembelela vhoṱhe.<ref>University of Pretoria. Research on traditional Venda beverages and mukumbi.</ref> Ngauralo, mukumbi wo thusa u vhulunga vhushaka, vhuthihi na nḓivho ya sialala kha tshitshavha tsha Vhavenda. U kha ḓi vha wa ndeme kha vhathu vhane vha ṱhogomela u bvela phanḓa na mvelele na sialala ya Vhavenda.<ref>Zoutnet. “Bungeni comes alive while the festival of the first fruit kicks off.” 2024.</ref> === Referentsi === * Mabala, M. G. ''Traditional Knowledge and Uses of Indigenous Plants among the Venda People''. University of Venda. * Tshidzumba, S. E. ''Traditional Fermented Beverages among the Vhavenda''. University of Venda. * University of Pretoria. Research on traditional Venda beverages and mukumbi. * Zoutnet. “Bungeni comes alive while the festival of the first fruit kicks off.” 2024. [[Category:Traditional beer]] b43v0dkkit112q6ycs509yj9ggynsm2 23102 23101 2026-09-07T10:02:49Z Quinlan83 6459 Fix 23102 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Basotho traditional beer 01.jpg|thumb|Mukumbi halwa ha vhavenda ]] '''Mukumbi''' ndi tshinwiwa tsha sialala tsha Vhavenda tshi itwaho nga mitshelo ya mafura, ine ya vha mitshelo ya muri wa marula. Mafura a kuvhanganywa musi o no vhibva, a lugiselwa u itwa tshinwiwa, nahone maḓi a mitshelo a siiwa uri a rothole lwa maḓuvha. Musi tshi kha ḓi rothola, mukumbi u nga vha na muthetshelo wa swigiri, fhedzi musi u tshi bvela phanḓa na u rothola u mbo ḓi shanduka wa vha tshinwiwa tshi re na halwa. Mukumbi ndi tshipiḓa tsha ndeme tsha mvelele na sialala ya Vhavenda, ngauri wo vha u tshi lugiselwa na u ṋewa vhathu nga tshifhinga tsha mabiko, miṱangano na zwiitea zwa sialala. U dovha wa thusa kha u ṱanganya vhathu na u khwaṱhisa vhushaka kha tshitshavha. U lugiselwa ha mukumbi ndi nḓivho ya sialala ine ya fhiriselwa u bva kha vhomakhulukuku ya tshi swika kha murafho muswa. Nga zwenezwo, mukumbi a si tshinwiwa fhedzi, fhedzi ndi tshipiḓa tsha ndeme tsha mvelele, sialala na vhutshilo ha Vhavenda.<ref>Mabala, M. G. ''Traditional Knowledge and Uses of Indigenous Plants among the Venda People''. University of Venda.</ref> Mukumbi ndi tshinwiwa tsha sialala tshine tsha vha na ndeme khulwane kha mvelele ya Vhavenda. U lugiselwa nga mafura musi o no vhibva, nahone vhathu vha a kuvhanganya, vha a ṱanzwa na u a lugisela uri hu bve maḓi a mitshelo. Maḓi ayo a litshiwa lwa tshifhinga uri a rothole, zwa ita uri a shanduke nga zwiṱuku nga zwiṱuku. Mukumbi wo vha u tshi shumiswa kha zwiitea zwo fhambanaho zwa sialala, zwihuluhulu musi hu na mabiko, miṱangano ya tshitshavha na miṱangano ya miṱa.<ref>Tshidzumba, S. E. ''Traditional Fermented Beverages among the Vhavenda''. University of Venda.</ref> Vhathu vho vha vha tshi kuvhangana vha nwa mukumbi, vha amba, vha imba na u pembelela vhoṱhe.<ref>University of Pretoria. Research on traditional Venda beverages and mukumbi.</ref> Ngauralo, mukumbi wo thusa u vhulunga vhushaka, vhuthihi na nḓivho ya sialala kha tshitshavha tsha Vhavenda. U kha ḓi vha wa ndeme kha vhathu vhane vha ṱhogomela u bvela phanḓa na mvelele na sialala ya Vhavenda.<ref>Zoutnet. “Bungeni comes alive while the festival of the first fruit kicks off.” 2024.</ref> === Referentsi === * Mabala, M. G. ''Traditional Knowledge and Uses of Indigenous Plants among the Venda People''. University of Venda. * Tshidzumba, S. E. ''Traditional Fermented Beverages among the Vhavenda''. University of Venda. * University of Pretoria. Research on traditional Venda beverages and mukumbi. * Zoutnet. “Bungeni comes alive while the festival of the first fruit kicks off.” 2024. [[Category:Traditional beer]] 8hn211ubvlwa2obbsf3214r4i16p2vx 0 6081 23104 2026-09-07T11:14:04Z Uzwo 9414 ndo nwala nga athikili nga fasitere 23104 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Window in a cafe in San Gimignano (02182)2.jpg|thumb|Heli ndi fasitere la hayani]] '''Fasiṱere''' ndi tshipiḓa tsha luvhondo lwa nnḓu kana tshiṅwe tshiṱaha tshine tsha ita uri hu dzhene tshedza na muya, nahone tsha ita uri vhathu vha kone u vhona nnḓa. Kanzhi fasiṱere ḽi vha ḽo itwa nga ngilasi yo vheiwaho kha fureme ya tsimbi, mupfura kana plastic. ḽi nga vulwa na u valwa u itela u langa muya une wa dzhena nga ngomu. Fasiṱere ndi la ndeme kha nnḓu ngauri ḽi thusa uri ngomu hu vhe na tshedza, muya wavhuḓi na u ita uri vhathu vha kone u vhona fhethu ho tangaho nnḓu.<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Window.” ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''.</ref> Fasiṱere ḽi thusa vhukuma kha u ita uri nnḓu i vhe fhethu havhuḓi ha u dzula. Musi ḽo vulea, muya wavhuḓi u a dzhena nahone muya u fhisaho u a bva, zwine zwa thusa u rothodza ngomu ha nnḓu. ḽi dovha ḽa tendela tshedza tsha ḓuvha tshi tshi dzhena, zwenezwo zwa fhungudza ṱhoḓea ya u shumisa mavhone nga masiari. Mafasiṱere a dovha a vha na mifuda yo fhambanaho u ya nga tshivhumbeo, saizi na nḓila ine a vula ngayo, nahone a nga khethwa u ya nga zwine muṋe wa nnḓu a zwi ṱoḓa.<ref>Wikipedia. “Window.” ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia''.</ref> .Mafasiṱere a wanala kha tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza zwifhaṱo, u fana na nnḓu, zwikolo, ofisi na mishashani. A nga itwa nga ngilasi, tsimbi, k̭uni kana zwiṅwe zwishumiswa. Fasiṱere ḽi fanela u dzudzanywa zwavhuḓi uri ḽi kone u tsireledza nnḓu kha mvula, phepho na vhuvhi ha mutsho. U ṱhogomela fasiṱere nga u ḽi kunakisa na u lugisa zwipiḓa zwo tshinyalaho zwi thusa uri ḽi dzule ḽi tshi shuma zwavhuḓi lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.<ref>Cambridge Dictionary. “Window.” ''Cambridge University Press''.</ref> == Zwiko == * Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Window.” ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. * Wikipedia. “Window.” ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia''. * Cambridge Dictionary. “Window.” ''Cambridge University Press''. [[Category:Fasitere]] pmtt310hr291v4ay9ksorsliwlpckla 23105 23104 2026-09-07T11:17:00Z Uzwo 9414 /* Zwiko */ 23105 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Window in a cafe in San Gimignano (02182)2.jpg|thumb|Heli ndi fasitere la hayani]] '''Fasiṱere''' ndi tshipiḓa tsha luvhondo lwa nnḓu kana tshiṅwe tshiṱaha tshine tsha ita uri hu dzhene tshedza na muya, nahone tsha ita uri vhathu vha kone u vhona nnḓa. Kanzhi fasiṱere ḽi vha ḽo itwa nga ngilasi yo vheiwaho kha fureme ya tsimbi, mupfura kana plastic. ḽi nga vulwa na u valwa u itela u langa muya une wa dzhena nga ngomu. Fasiṱere ndi la ndeme kha nnḓu ngauri ḽi thusa uri ngomu hu vhe na tshedza, muya wavhuḓi na u ita uri vhathu vha kone u vhona fhethu ho tangaho nnḓu.<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Window.” ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''.</ref> Fasiṱere ḽi thusa vhukuma kha u ita uri nnḓu i vhe fhethu havhuḓi ha u dzula. Musi ḽo vulea, muya wavhuḓi u a dzhena nahone muya u fhisaho u a bva, zwine zwa thusa u rothodza ngomu ha nnḓu. ḽi dovha ḽa tendela tshedza tsha ḓuvha tshi tshi dzhena, zwenezwo zwa fhungudza ṱhoḓea ya u shumisa mavhone nga masiari. Mafasiṱere a dovha a vha na mifuda yo fhambanaho u ya nga tshivhumbeo, saizi na nḓila ine a vula ngayo, nahone a nga khethwa u ya nga zwine muṋe wa nnḓu a zwi ṱoḓa.<ref>Wikipedia. “Window.” ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia''.</ref> .Mafasiṱere a wanala kha tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza zwifhaṱo, u fana na nnḓu, zwikolo, ofisi na mishashani. A nga itwa nga ngilasi, tsimbi, k̭uni kana zwiṅwe zwishumiswa. Fasiṱere ḽi fanela u dzudzanywa zwavhuḓi uri ḽi kone u tsireledza nnḓu kha mvula, phepho na vhuvhi ha mutsho. U ṱhogomela fasiṱere nga u ḽi kunakisa na u lugisa zwipiḓa zwo tshinyalaho zwi thusa uri ḽi dzule ḽi tshi shuma zwavhuḓi lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.<ref>Cambridge Dictionary. “Window.” ''Cambridge University Press''.</ref> == Zwiko == [[Category:Fasitere]] 8c7ga78d89dh0ummu7kshkcorln14qz