Wikipedia vewiki https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayani MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2103 23113 23011 2026-09-07T12:33:21Z Una maanda 9394 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370460355|Lion]]" 23113 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndau''' ( '''''Panthera leo''''' ) ndi tshimange tshihulwane tsha lushaka lwa ''Panthera'', zwa zwino lushaka lwa ndau ulu lwa panthera lu wanala fhedzi Afrika Tshipembe ha Sahara na India .Ndau Ina muvhili wa misipha, wa khana tsho ṱanḓavhuwaho, ṱhoho pfufhi ya tshitendeledzi, nḓevhe dza tshitendeledzi, na ṱhodzi yo swifhalaho ine ya vha na mavhudzi kha ṱhoho ya mutshila wayo. Ndi dimorphic ya zwa vhudzekani, ndau dza tshinna ndi dzone dzine dza vha uri dzo hula u fhira dza tsadzi nahone dzi na ṱhoho ine ya vha uri yo bvelela ine ya vha uri yo no bva kha ṱhoho uya kha mahaḓa na kha khana. 6zg34gky5navw3jyf9wayukyilgzaxk 0 2221 23117 19441 2026-09-07T16:38:05Z Friend19 9397 Created by translating the section "Culture" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365841294|Mpumalanga]]" 23117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox PoSA | Code Province = MP | map = Mpumalanga in South Africa.svg | musanda = [[Naspoti]] }} '''Mpumalanga''' i dovha ya vha dzina la [[phurovinsi ya Afurika Tshipembe|phurovinsi]] ya [[Afurika Tshipembe]]. {{stub}} {{Phurovinsi ya Afurika Tshipembe}} [[Category:Mpumalanga]] [[Category:Phurovinsi ya Afurika Tshipembe]] == Culture == Muḓi wa Mvelele wa Vhandebele ngei Botshabelo ndi senthara i ḓivheaho ya vhufa ha mvelele, ine ya vha na zwifanyiso zwo penndiwaho zwa nnḓu dza Vhandebele . Vho Esther Mahalangu vhane vha vha ravhutsila wa mu Ndevhele vho wana ṱhonifho ya dzitshaka nga mushumo wavho wa vhutsila wo ḓisendekaho kha mvelele ya vha Ndebele na phetheni dza geometric. Mutsila a ḓivheaho wa Afrika Tshipembe Gerard Sekoto o bebwa Botshabelo . Vhunzhi ha vhaimbi vhaḓivhaleaho vha Afrika Tshipembe vhane vha pembelelwa, u fana na Ray Phiri, Rebecca Malope, [[Oncemore Six]], na Pretty Yende, vha bva Mpumalanga. U bva nga 2003, ḓorobo khulwane ya Mpumalanga, Mbombela, yo fara vhuṱambo ha vhutsila ha lushaka [[Afrikaans|ha Tshiafrikaans]] Innibos. Vhuṱambo vhu katela muzika, miswaswo, vhutsila na matangwa. <ref>{{Cite web}}[https://www.sa-venues.com/events/mpumalanga/innibos-kunstefees/]</ref> qvfglxpbzjyo716nzxfu4r0mjaksjrj 0 5194 23116 23076 2026-09-07T15:29:28Z Friend19 9397 Created by translating the section "Musangwe" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365098802|Venda people]]" 23116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vhavenḓa''' (VhaVenḓa kana Vhangona) ndi vhathu vha Bantu vhane vha bva ngei Tshipembe ha Afrika vhane vhunzhi ha a vho vhathu vha dzula tsini na mukano wa [[Afurika Tshipembe|Afrika Tshipembe]] na [[Zimbagwe|Zimbabwe]]. [[TshiVenḓa|Luambo lwa Venda]] lwo bvelela kha u ṱangana na zwigwada zwa vhathu vha Sotho-Tswana na vhathu vha Kalanga u bva nga 1400. == Musangwe == Musangwe ndi mvelele ya Vhavenda ya u lwa nga zwanḓa zwi si na tshithu. Mutambo uyu wa nndwa wo vha u songo bveledzwa u itela u ḓimvumvusa fhedzi, fhedzi wo dovha wa itwa sa nḓila ya u ṱhonifhiwa nga thangana dza murole. Ngeno mvelele ya vhavenda nga u angaredza i sa tendelani na khakhathi na dzi nndwa, musangwe wo vha i tshi ṋea nḓila yo dzudzanyeaho ya u tandulula dzipfudzungule. Musi vha tshi tea ulwa, vha dzhenelaho vho vha vha tshi kombetshedzea u ṱanganedza kana u sedzana na mvelelo dzi ngaho dzifaini kana u ṱarafiwa hono ḓo kwama ṋama na zwine zwa ṋewa nga vhahulwane vha tshitshavha. Vhakundi kha heyi mitatisano vho vha vha tshi pfufhiwa nga pfufho dzine dza vha dzo tiwa nga Khosi (muhulwane) kana Vhamusanda (muhulwane). Mitambo a i na tshifhinga tsho vhewaho nahone i fhela fhedzi musi muṅwe mulwi a tshi tenda u kundwa. A hu na vhashumi vha zwa ngalafho vhane vha vha hone nga tshifhinga tsha miṱaṱisano iyi; nṱhani hazwo, vhahulwane vha muvhundu vha lavhelesa nndwa u itela u vhona uri hu tevhelwa milayo ya sialala ine ya thivhela zwiito zwi ngaho u luma kana u raha. Zwa ndeme, u gembula kha mvelelo dza nndwa zwo iledzwa nahone vha dzhenelaho vha ṱaṱisana fhedzi u itela khuliso ya u imela muḓi wavho kana muṱa wavho nṱhani ha u wana zwithu zwi vhonalaho. b5kyng2dk5wfsqo4ppfnabltchb9t1a 0 5232 23109 23107 2026-09-07T12:07:03Z Friend19 9397 Created by translating the section "Family" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363059462|Tshepo Motsepe]]" 23109 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Tshepo Motsepe''' vho bebwa nga dzi 17 dza ňwedzi wa Fulwi 1953, ndi dokotela wa Afrika Tshipembe vha dovha hafhu vha vha ramabindu wa mufumakadzi . Ndi vhone mufumakadzi wa u thoma wa Afrika Tshipembe, sa mufumadzi wa Vho Cyril Ramaphosa, muphresidende wa Afrika Tshipembe. Ndi vhone mukomana muhulwane wa Brigedte Radebe na khaladzi yavho Vho Patrice [https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/poverty-violence-and-ill-health-among-issues-to-ensure-realisation-of-children-s-rights/ar-AA1poieP?ocid=BingNewsVerp Motsepe].<ref>Poverty, violence, and ill-health among issues to ensure realisation of children’s rights (msn.com)[https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/poverty-violence-and-ill-health-among-issues-to-ensure-realisation-of-children-s-rights/ar-AA1poieP?ocid=BingNewsVerp]</ref> == Boigrafi == Vho tshepo Motsepe vho gudela vhudokotela ha zwa mutakalo univesithi ya [[KwaZulu-Natal|Kwazulu Natal]] u khunyeledza masṱasi wavho kha zwa mutakalo wa lushaka ngei Harvard School of Public Health. Nga 2012, vho khunyeledza Bambiri yavho kha mbekanyamushumo ya vhubindudzi ha u shumisana ngei Gordon Institute of Business Science. Ndi vhone mudzulatshidulo wa zwino wa African Self Help [https://web.archive.org/web/20240827082743/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/tshepo-motsepe-africa-asia-health-conference-2019/ Trust] (ASHA Trust),yosedzanaho na nyaluwo ya mveledziso na pfunzo ya u ṱavhanya ya vhana.<ref>Poverty, violence, and ill-health among issues to ensure realisation of children’s rights (msn.com)</ref> Vho Motsepe vho shuma kha mushumo wa tshitshavha na wa phuraivethe kha Mmakau, Mahikeng, Johannesburg, Pretoria, na Zimbabwe. Ndi mufara mulanguli wa kale wa tshiimiswa tsha ṱhoḓisiso ya mutakalo wa mbebo.<ref>Tshepo Motsepe Biography: Age, Children, Husband, Siblings, Education, Pictures - Star Tribune</ref> == Family == Vho-Motsepe vho malana Vho- [[Cyril Ramaphosa]], Vhane vha vha Muphuresidennde wa Riphabuḽiki ya Afrika Tshipembe, vhane vha vha na vhana vhaṋa navho. Vho-Motsepe ndi mufumakadzi wa vhuraru wa Vho-Ramaphosa. Khotsi avho ndi munna wa vhaṋe Khosi Vho Augustine Butana Chaane Motsepe, vhe vha vha vho malana na mme avho Vho Margaret Martha Keneilwe Motsepe khaladzi avho ndi muhulwane wa migodi [[U Vuḓa ha Ṱhoḓea ya u Thoma|Vho Patrice Motsepe]], na murathu wavho Vho Bridgette Radebe, mufumakadzi wa rapolotiki wa Khongirese ya Lushaka ya Afrika (ANC) na Minisiṱa wa kale wa Fulufulu Vho Jeff Radebe . <ref>{{Cite news}}[https://www.ewn.co.za/2018/02/15/keeping-up-with-the-ramaphosas-meet-sa-s-new-first-family]</ref> == Family == Vho-Motsepe vho malana Vho- [[Cyril Ramaphosa]], Vhane vha vha Muphuresidennde wa Riphabuḽiki ya Afrika Tshipembe, vhane vha vha na vhana vhaṋa navho. Vho-Motsepe ndi mufumakadzi wa vhuraru wa Vho-Ramaphosa. Khotsi avho ndi munna wa vhaṋe Khosi Vho Augustine Butana Chaane Motsepe, vhe vha vha vho malana na mme avho Vho Margaret Martha Keneilwe Motsepe khaladzi avho ndi muhulwane wa migodi [[U Vuḓa ha Ṱhoḓea ya u Thoma|Vho Patrice Motsepe]], na murathu wavho Vho Bridgette Radebe, mufumakadzi wa rapolotiki wa Khongirese ya Lushaka ya Afrika (ANC) na Minisiṱa wa kale wa Fulufulu Vho Jeff Radebe . <ref>{{Cite news}}[https://www.ewn.co.za/2018/02/15/keeping-up-with-the-ramaphosas-meet-sa-s-new-first-family]</ref> 2o4vgtz910ph2l8mub1z0we7urmgpaa 0 5430 23110 21009 2026-09-07T12:08:37Z Friend19 9397 Created by translating the section "Early life" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372965846|Teko Modise]]" 23110 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vho Teko Tsholofelo Modise''' (vho bebwa nga ḽa 22 Nyendavhusiku 1982), o vhidzwa nga dzina ḽa u ḓihudza ḽa '''The General''' na '''Techno M''', ndi mutambi wa bola ya milenzhe wa phurofeshinala wa Afrika Tshipembe o litshaho mushumo, mukapuṱeni wa kale wa [[Thimu ya lushaka ya bola ya milenzhe ya Afrika Tshipembe|Bafana Bafana]] we a vha a tshi tamba sa mutambi wa vhukati nahone ane zwa zwino ndi muraḓo wa vhashumi kha Kiḽaba ya Bola ya Milenzhe ya Cape Town City . == Early life == Modise o bebwa ngei Meadowlands, Afrika Tshipembe. Ndi ene muṱukusa kha vharathu vhararu vhe vha aluswa nga mme avho ngei Diepkloof, [[Soweto]] . <ref name="MS">{{Cite web}}[https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/]</ref> Vho dzheniswa kh zwa bola ya milenzhe vha tshe ṅwana nga khotsi avho vhe vha vha vhe mutikedzi wa Kaizer Chiefs, fhedzi vha xelelwa nga vhukwamani navho musi vhe na miṅwaha ya fumi. <ref name="Pa">{{Cite web}}[https://www.sowetan.co.za/sowetan/archive/2007/12/12/modise-last-saw-him-at-10-years-old/]</ref> Miṅwahani yawe ya u thoma ye ya tevhela, o tamba kha zwigwada zwa vhatambi vhaṱuku zwa ḽokhaḽa Coventry na City Rebels phanḓa ha musi a tshi dzhena kha Ria Stars musi e na miṅwaha ya fumi-sumbe. <ref name="MS" /> e563ole9v1ixc1spl87durppui93ydi 23111 23110 2026-09-07T12:09:07Z Friend19 9397 Created by translating the section "Early life" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372965846|Teko Modise]]" 23111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vho Teko Tsholofelo Modise''' (vho bebwa nga ḽa 22 Nyendavhusiku 1982), o vhidzwa nga dzina ḽa u ḓihudza ḽa '''The General''' na '''Techno M''', ndi mutambi wa bola ya milenzhe wa phurofeshinala wa Afrika Tshipembe o litshaho mushumo, mukapuṱeni wa kale wa [[Thimu ya lushaka ya bola ya milenzhe ya Afrika Tshipembe|Bafana Bafana]] we a vha a tshi tamba sa mutambi wa vhukati nahone ane zwa zwino ndi muraḓo wa vhashumi kha Kiḽaba ya Bola ya Milenzhe ya Cape Town City . == Early life == Modise o bebwa ngei Meadowlands, Afrika Tshipembe. Ndi ene muṱukusa kha vharathu vhararu vhe vha aluswa nga mme avho ngei Diepkloof, [[Soweto]] . <ref name="MS">{{Cite web}}[https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/]</ref> Vho dzheniswa kh zwa bola ya milenzhe vha tshe ṅwana nga khotsi avho vhe vha vha vhe mutikedzi wa Kaizer Chiefs, fhedzi vha xelelwa nga vhukwamani navho musi vhe na miṅwaha ya fumi. <ref name="Pa">{{Cite web}}[https://www.sowetan.co.za/sowetan/archive/2007/12/12/modise-last-saw-him-at-10-years-old/]</ref> Miṅwahani yawe ya u thoma ye ya tevhela, o tamba kha zwigwada zwa vhatambi vhaṱuku zwa ḽokhaḽa Coventry na City Rebels phanḓa ha musi a tshi dzhena kha Ria Stars musi e na miṅwaha ya fumi-sumbe. <ref name="MS" /> == Early life == Modise o bebwa ngei Meadowlands, Afrika Tshipembe. Ndi ene muṱukusa kha vharathu vhararu vhe vha aluswa nga mme avho ngei Diepkloof, [[Soweto]] . <ref name="MS">{{Cite web}}[https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/][https://sundownsfc.co.za/10-teko-modise/]</ref> Vho dzheniswa kh zwa bola ya milenzhe vha tshe ṅwana nga khotsi avho vhe vha vha vhe mutikedzi wa Kaizer Chiefs, fhedzi vha xelelwa nga vhukwamani navho musi vhe na miṅwaha ya fumi. <ref name="Pa">{{Cite web}}[https://www.sowetan.co.za/sowetan/archive/2007/12/12/modise-last-saw-him-at-10-years-old/]</ref> Miṅwahani yawe ya u thoma ye ya tevhela, o tamba kha zwigwada zwa vhatambi vhaṱuku zwa ḽokhaḽa Coventry na City Rebels phanḓa ha musi a tshi dzhena kha Ria Stars musi e na miṅwaha ya fumi-sumbe. <ref name="MS" /> kdyx7v3xstghs1t0xavdopgh0ubfx8q 2 5612 23123 23106 2026-09-08T06:26:22Z Barbiey 9401 deleted draft 23123 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina la nga ndi Barbiey [[User:Barbiey/Draft 1|Draft 1]] *[[User:Barbiey/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Barbiey/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * 2q0rprzga0vevimrgewm8tdwg30ga1b 23124 23123 2026-09-08T06:29:38Z Barbiey 9401 created draft 23124 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina la nga ndi Barbiey [[User:Barbiey/Draft 1|Draft 1]] *[[User:Barbiey/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Barbiey/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * * [[User:Barbiey/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * 6msijnwky7hg85tu3cmgzvi4m6v2ruc 0 5724 23115 22239 2026-09-07T14:04:38Z Una maanda 9394 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371875414|Vehicle]]" 23115 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Multiple image/styles.css" wrapper=".tmulti"></templatestyles>'''Goloi''' ( from Lulatini vehiculum ) ndi mutshini wo itelwaho u tshimbidzwa nga muthu, kanzhi yo itelwa u hwala vhathu, mihwalo, na zwinwe zwithu zwinzhi. Ipfi "tshiendedzi" nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho ḽi ambela kha zwiendedzi zwa fhasi zwi ngaho zwiendedzi zwa mavuni zwine zwa shumiswa nga vhathu (tsumbo, baisigira, baisigira ya malinga mararu, velomobile) na zwiendedzi zwine zwa shumiswa nga zwipuka (tsumbo, goloi/goloi dzi kokodzwaho nga bere, goloi dza kholomo, zwiendedzi zwa mmbwa). Nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho i katela zwoṱhe zwiendedzi zwa mimoḓoro (tsumbo, thuthuthu, goloi, malori, bisi, Dzithuthuthu) na zwiendedzi zwa zwiporo (zwikepe,dziṱiramu na zwiporo zwithihi). Nga u angaredza, i dovha ya katela vhuendedzi ha thambo (goloi dza thambo na dziḽifiti), zwiendedzi zwa maḓini (zwikepe, zwikepe na zwiendedzi zwa fhasi ha maḓi), zwiendedzi zwa maḓini (tsumbo, zwiendedzi zwine zwa tshimbidzwa nga zwikurufu, mabufho, zwiendedzi zwa lwanzheni), zwiendedzi zwa zwiendedzi (zwiendedzi zwa nṱha, zwiendedzi zwa nṱha na zwiendedzi zwa tshikhalani, zwiendedzi zwa tshikhalani na zwiendedzi zwa Muyani, zwiendedzi zwa u thoma). c9x60ojeo43110gf9jil2jhvewm2nxs 0 5753 23127 21930 2026-09-08T07:20:39Z Uzwo 9414 ndo shandukisa maipfhi 23127 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fruit_Platter-_Seasonal_Fruits.jpg|thumb|Pulata ya mitshelo – mitshelo ya khalanwaha .]] Kha zwa zwimela '''mitshelo''' ndi yone zwivhumbeo zwine maluvha zwa vha na mbeu kha zwimela zwine zwa vha na maluvha zwine zwa vhumbya u bva kha mbumbelo nga murahu ha musi zwo no bveledza maluvha . Mitshelo ndi yone i ne ya fura vhathu u fana na mbeu dzavho. Zwi a ṋwiwa zwi sa langei ndi kale vhathu na zwipuka zwine zwa vha tsini. kule na hone zwenezwo zwiḽiwa zwo no ḓi ṋaṋa u hulela. Nga zwenezwo mafhungo a mitshelo nga zwipiḓa zwihulwane zwa shango zwine ḽa zwi shumisa u itela uri ḽi kone u ṱalulwa na hone zwiṅwe zwo vha zwi tshi katela na shango kana ngilasi zwe vhathu vhanzhi vha ṱangana nazwo. Nga luambo lwo ḓoweleaho na mvelele, kanzhi zwi amba u ita mitshini yo itwaho nga mbeu. i ne ya itwa musi hu tshi khou tendela mapfura o fhambanaho (khamusi mukungwa wa lukanda lune lwa vha maluvhiḓa - kombete, kana muṱanguwedzi. Zwi a ri konḓela u pfesesa uri wonoyo ''mutshelo'' wo vha u tshi katela na zwifhaṱo zwinzhi zwine zwa sa tou vhidzwa nga luambo lwa ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe, zwi ngaho dzi slide dza mashika, thoro ya luswina, mavhele, na goroi . [[File:FruitArrangement.jpg|thumb|Ndugiselelo ya mitshelo ine nga ho ḓoweleaho ya dzhiiwa sa miroho ya u bika, u katela na mavhele (mavhele), matamatisi, na squash dzo fhamba-fhambanaho .]] Vhunzhi ha maipfi a luambo o ḓoweleaho a ne a shumiswa kha mitshelo na mbeu dzo fhambana na u khethekanywa ha zwimela. Sa tsumbo kha zwa zwimela ''mutshelo'' ndi mbumbelo yo vhibvaho kana khaphele ine ya vha na mbeu tsumbo muṱokola, phomegraneithi, matamatisi kana ṱhodzi. nduhu ndi lushaka lwa mutshelo, na hone ''mbeu'' ndi mbumbelo yo vhibvaho . Kha luambo lwa u bika, mitshelo ndi tshibveledzwa tshine tsha vha uri tshi ya ḓifha kana tshi sa ḓifhi(naho tshi tshi ḓifha-) tsha tshimela tsho khetheaho (tsumbo, perekisi, pear kana lemon); ''nḓuhu'' ndi zwimela zwine zwa vha uri zwo khwaṱha, zwine zwa vha na mapfura, zwine zwa vha uri azwi ḓifhi kha zwimela zwine zwa vha kha ganda (tsumbo nduhu, mavhele ). Tsumbo dza mitshelo yo khethekanywaho nga zwimela ine nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho ya vhidzwa miroho i katela khukhamba, fhuri, na skasha kana dziṅwe kwasha dza vhuria; nawa, nduhu, nawa na mavhele, brinzhala, phere, na matamatisi . Zwipaisi zwinzhi ndi mitshelo, nga u amba nga ha zwimela, hu tshi katelwa na phepha ntswu, phepha ya chili, khumini na zwipaisi . U fhambana na zwenezwo, rababa kanzhi i vhidzwa mutshelo musi i tshi shumiswa kha u ita dzi pie, fhedzi zwibveledzwa zwine zwa ḽiwa zwa rhubarb vhukuma ndi tshiṱaka tsha maṱari kana thodzi ya tshimela. Mbeu dza u didowedza ine ya ḽiwa kanzhi i ṋewa madzina a mitshelo, tsumbo, nḓuhu dza gingko na nduhu dza pine . Nga zwa zwimela, thoro ya mukapu i ngaho mavhele, raisi, kana mufhoho ndi mifuda wa mitshelo . Fhedzi luvhondo lwa mitshelo ndi lutete nahone lwo ṱangana na mbeu,Nga uralo hu ṱoḓaho u vha mutshelo wa thoro yoṱhe i ne ya ḽiwa vhukuma ndi mbeu. == Referensi == bufsrxc4xulli8eolcpo8izewuc44rp 0 5772 23128 23041 2026-09-08T07:31:01Z Uzwo 9414 o shandukusa maipfhi 23128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muṱokola''' ( '''''Ananas comosus''''' ) ndi tshimela tsha fhethu hune ha fhisa tshine tsha vha na mutshelo une wa ḽiwa; ndi tshimela tshine tsha vha na ndeme kha zwa ikonomi kha muṱa wa Bromeliaceae . Tshienge tshi bva kha Amerika Tshipembe , hune ya vha uri yo no ṱavhiwa hone lwa maḓana manzhi a miṅwaha. U ḓivhadzwa ha tshimela tsha tshienge kha ḽa Europe nga ḓana ḽa miṅwaha wa vhu 17 zwo ita uri tshi vhe tshiga tsha ndeme tsha mvelele ya vhuimo ha nṱha. Ubva nga vho 1820, tshienge tsho vha tshi khou tavhiwa kha zwa vhubindudzi kha dzi greenhouse na kha mabulasi manzhi a thropika . Mutshelo, nga maanḓa dzhuzi yawo, u shumiswa nga nḓila dzo fhambanaho kha zwiḽiwa na sogani. Zwienge zwi aluwa sa tshiṱaka tshiṱuku; maluvha nga oṱhe a tshimela tshi songo ṱanganyiswaho a ṱangana u itela u vhumba mitshelo minzhi . Tshimela tshi ya phaḓalala nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho ubva vhutukuni ine ya vha uri yo bveledziwa nṱha ha mutshelo kana ubva kha ṱhodzi ya thungo, nahone nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho tshi ya vhibva hu sa athu fhela ṅwaha. == Referensi == ohves0ji27jcyh607ox8947jgsi4ize 0 5806 23126 22146 2026-09-08T07:15:12Z Uzwo 9414 Ndo shandukisa manwe maipfhi 23126 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Grapes,_Rostov-on-Don,_Russia.jpg|thumb|"Mutsu" (lutombo lwo swifhalaho) na "mutshena" (mudala wo ṱanḓavhuwaho) nḓirivhe dza ṱafula]] '''Nḓirivhe''' ndi mutshelo, nga lwa zwimela ndi beri, ya nḓirivhe dza thanda dzine dza vha na maṱari dza tshimela tshine tsha vha na maluvha tsha lushaka lwa ''Vitis'' . dzinḓirivhe ndi lushaka lwa mutshelo une wa vha uri a u na mutsho, na u angaredza zwi itea nga zwipiḓa. U tavhiwa ha nḓirivhe zwo thoma miṅwaha ine ya swika 8,000 yo fhiraho, nahone mutshelo wo shumiswa sa zwiḽiwa zwa vhathu kha ḓivhazwakale yawo yoṱhe. I ḽiwa i tshi kha ḓi vha ntswa kana yo oma (sa ṱhodzi, maṱari na sulithanasi ), nḓirivhe dzi dovha dza vha na ndeme ya mvelele kha zwipiḓa zwinzhi zwa shango, nga maanḓa kha mushumo wadzo kha u ita veini . Zwinwe zwibveledzwa zwine zwa vha uri zwo bva kha nḓirivhe zwi katela tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza dzhamu, dzhusi, viniga na mapfura. fw7xlray69i96oyhocw7eia1203k8e2 0 6082 23108 2026-09-07T12:05:48Z Uzwo 9414 ndo nwala athikili 23108 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tomato je.jpg|thumb|Tamatisi lo vhibvaho]] '''Matamatisi''' ndi tshimela tsha ndeme tshine tsha limiwa nga vhathu vhanzhi kha zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwa shango. Matamatisi a wela kha muṱa wa zwimela zwine zwa katela mbatata na phiriphiri. A wanala nga mivhala yo fhambanaho, fhedzi muvhala une wa ḓivhea nga maanḓa ndi mutswuku musi o no vhibva. Matamatisi a nga vha mahulwane kana maṱuku nahone a nga vha na zwivhumbeo zwo fhambanaho. Ndi zwiliwa zwine zwa shumiswa nga nḓila nnzhi kha u bika. Vhathu vha a shumisa kha saladi, sauce, soup, sandwich na kha zwiṅwe zwiliwa zwinzhi. <ref>Naika, S., de Jeude, J. V. L., de Goffau, M., Hilmi, M., & van Dam, B. (2005). ''Cultivation of Tomato: Production, Processing and Marketing''. Agrodok 17. Agromisa Foundation and CTA</ref> Matamatisi a nga dovha a liwa a tshi kha ḓi vha matsheloni kana o no vhibva. A na pfushi dza ndeme dzine dza thusa muvhili, dzi ngaho vitamin C na zwiṅwe zwine zwa thusa muvhili u shuma zwavhuḓi. U alusa matamatisi zwi ṱoḓa mavu o nonaho, maḓi ane a lingana na ḓuvha ḽo linganaho. Vhalimi vha fanela u ṱhogomela zwimela zwavho nga u zwi sheledza, u bvisa hatsi na u zwi tsireledza kha zwikhokhonono na malwadze. Musi matamatisi o no vhibva, a kaṋiwa nahone a nga rengiswa maragani kana a shumiselwa uḽa hayani. Vhulimi ha matamatisi vhu thusa miṱa minzhi ngauri vhalimi vha nga wana tshelede nga u rengisa zwibveledzwa zwavho. Matamatisi ndi zwiliwa zwine zwa funwa nga vhathu vhanzhi ngauri a ita uri zwiḽiwa zwi tamise na u vha na muvhala wavhuḓi. Ngauralo, matamatisi ndi tshimela tsha ndeme vhukuma kha vhulimi na kha zwiḽiwa, nahone ndi zwa ndeme uri ri zwi ṱhogomele na u shumisa zwavhuḓi.<ref>Gould, W. A. (1992). ''Tomato Production, Processing and Technology''. CTI Publications</ref> Nga mafhelo, matamatisi ndi tshimela tsha ndeme vhukuma kha vhutshilo ha vhathu. A ri ṋei zwiḽiwa zwine zwa vha na pfushi, fhedzi a dovha a thusa vhalimi uri vha wane tshelede musi vha tshi a rengisa. Ri tea u bvela phanḓa ri tshi alusa matamatisi nga nḓila yavhuḓi, ra a ṱhogomela na u shumisa mavu na maḓi zwavhuḓi. Matamatisi a ita uri zwiḽiwa zwi vhe na muthetshelo wavhuḓi, nahone a thusa kha u ita uri ri vhe na mutakalo wavhuḓi. Ngauralo, matamatisi ndi tshipiḓa tsha ndeme kha zwiḽiwa, vhulimi na kha vhutshilo ha vhathu.<ref>.Heuvelink, E. (2005). ''Tomatoes''. CABI Publishing.</ref> Zwiko # Naika, S., de Jeude, J. V. L., de Goffau, M., Hilmi, M., & van Dam, B. (2005). ''Cultivation of Tomato: Production, Processing and Marketing''. Agrodok 17. Agromisa Foundation and CTA # Gould, W. A. (1992). ''Tomato Production, Processing and Technology''. CTI Publications # .Heuvelink, E. (2005). ''Tomatoes''. CABI Publishing. [[Category:Miroho]] 2ble97plol8nz7v2asgvoocz3hczy8r 23112 23108 2026-09-07T12:10:17Z Uzwo 9414 Ndo thutha referentsi 23112 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tomato je.jpg|thumb|Tamatisi lo vhibvaho]] '''Matamatisi''' ndi tshimela tsha ndeme tshine tsha limiwa nga vhathu vhanzhi kha zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwa shango. Matamatisi a wela kha muṱa wa zwimela zwine zwa katela mbatata na phiriphiri. A wanala nga mivhala yo fhambanaho, fhedzi muvhala une wa ḓivhea nga maanḓa ndi mutswuku musi o no vhibva. Matamatisi a nga vha mahulwane kana maṱuku nahone a nga vha na zwivhumbeo zwo fhambanaho. Ndi zwiliwa zwine zwa shumiswa nga nḓila nnzhi kha u bika. Vhathu vha a shumisa kha saladi, sauce, soup, sandwich na kha zwiṅwe zwiliwa zwinzhi. <ref>Naika, S., de Jeude, J. V. L., de Goffau, M., Hilmi, M., & van Dam, B. (2005). ''Cultivation of Tomato: Production, Processing and Marketing''. Agrodok 17. Agromisa Foundation and CTA</ref> Matamatisi a nga dovha a liwa a tshi kha ḓi vha matsheloni kana o no vhibva. A na pfushi dza ndeme dzine dza thusa muvhili, dzi ngaho vitamin C na zwiṅwe zwine zwa thusa muvhili u shuma zwavhuḓi. U alusa matamatisi zwi ṱoḓa mavu o nonaho, maḓi ane a lingana na ḓuvha ḽo linganaho. Vhalimi vha fanela u ṱhogomela zwimela zwavho nga u zwi sheledza, u bvisa hatsi na u zwi tsireledza kha zwikhokhonono na malwadze. Musi matamatisi o no vhibva, a kaṋiwa nahone a nga rengiswa maragani kana a shumiselwa uḽa hayani. Vhulimi ha matamatisi vhu thusa miṱa minzhi ngauri vhalimi vha nga wana tshelede nga u rengisa zwibveledzwa zwavho. Matamatisi ndi zwiliwa zwine zwa funwa nga vhathu vhanzhi ngauri a ita uri zwiḽiwa zwi tamise na u vha na muvhala wavhuḓi. Ngauralo, matamatisi ndi tshimela tsha ndeme vhukuma kha vhulimi na kha zwiḽiwa, nahone ndi zwa ndeme uri ri zwi ṱhogomele na u shumisa zwavhuḓi.<ref>Gould, W. A. (1992). ''Tomato Production, Processing and Technology''. CTI Publications</ref> Nga mafhelo, matamatisi ndi tshimela tsha ndeme vhukuma kha vhutshilo ha vhathu. A ri ṋei zwiḽiwa zwine zwa vha na pfushi, fhedzi a dovha a thusa vhalimi uri vha wane tshelede musi vha tshi a rengisa. Ri tea u bvela phanḓa ri tshi alusa matamatisi nga nḓila yavhuḓi, ra a ṱhogomela na u shumisa mavu na maḓi zwavhuḓi. Matamatisi a ita uri zwiḽiwa zwi vhe na muthetshelo wavhuḓi, nahone a thusa kha u ita uri ri vhe na mutakalo wavhuḓi. Ngauralo, matamatisi ndi tshipiḓa tsha ndeme kha zwiḽiwa, vhulimi na kha vhutshilo ha vhathu.<ref>.Heuvelink, E. (2005). ''Tomatoes''. CABI Publishing.</ref> Zwiko [[Category:Miroho]] rqtsvts8ndai2eho7s5y187e3h7bvyq 0 6083 23114 2026-09-07T12:54:52Z Una maanda 9394 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369112037|Bus station]]" 23114 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:UBC_Exchange_(20190907_115829).jpg|thumb| U Tshintshana ha UBC ngei Yunivesithi ya Vhuṱanzi ha Vhuṱali ngei Canada]] [[File:Tampere_bus_station.jpg|thumb| Tshiṱitshi tsha Bisi tsha Tampere ngei Ratina, Tampere, Finland .]] '''Tshiṱitshi tsha bisi''' ndi tshifhaṱo tshine bisi dzine dza khou tshimbila ḓoroboni kana vhukati ha ḓorobo dza ima hone u itela u namedza na u tsitsa vhanameli. Tshiṱitshi tsha bisi ndi tshihulwane u fhira vhuimabisi, hune kanzhi ha sokou vha fhethu hune ha vha tsini na bada, hune bisi dza nga ima hone. tshititshi tsha bisi ndi tshone tshititshi tsha u fhedzisela tsha u namedza vhathu kana sa tshiṱitshi tsha u fhirisela hune nḓila dza bvela phanḓa. 73ebkom8pxyd1ultaew7yxnl5f3k15w 0 6084 23118 2026-09-07T16:57:17Z Uzwo 9414 Ndo ita athikili 23118 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kettle on a stove.jpg|thumb|Gedela ya u vhilisa madi]] '''Gedela''' ndi tshishumiswa tsha ndeme vhukuma hayani. I shumiswa u vhetshela na u bvisa maḓi musi ri tshi ṱoḓa u a shumisa. Gedela dzi a fhambana nga mivhala, saizi na zwivhumbeo. Dziṅwe dzi shumisa muḓagasi, ngeno dziṅwe dzi tshi nga shumiswa nṱha ha tshitofu.Gedela i thusa vhukuma musi ri tshi ṱoḓa u lugisa tie, khofi kana zwiṅwe zwiliwa zwine zwa ṱoḓa maḓi a dudedzeaho. I ita uri maḓi a dudedze nga u ṱavhanya, zwine zwa ita uri ri vhulunge tshifhinga. Musi ri tshi shumisa kettle, ri fanela u vha na vhulondi uri ri sa ḓo fhiswa nga maḓi a dudedzeaho kana muṅwe muḓagasi.Ndi zwa ndeme uri kettle i dzudzanywe na u kunakis wa tshifhinga tshoṱhe. Ri fanela u i bvisa muḓagasi musi ri sa khou i shumisa, u itela u tsireledza vhathu na u fhungudza u shumiswa ha muḓagasi. Kettle ndi tshishumiswa tshiṱuku, fhedzi tshi ita mushumo muhulwane vhutshiloni ha ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe.<ref>Gisslen, W. (2018) ''Professional Cooking''. 9th edn. Hoboken: Wiley.</ref> gedela ndi tshishumiswa tshine tsha shumiswa u dudedza maḓi. Tshishumiswa itshi tshi wanala kha miḓi minzhi ngauri tshi ita uri u dudedza maḓi zwi leluwe. Gedela ya muḓagasi i shuma nga u ṱavhanya nahone a si zwa ndeme uri muthu a dzule a tshi lavhelesa mulilo. Ri nga shumisa gedela musi ri tshi ṱoḓa u ita tie, khofi kana u lugisa zwiṅwe zwiliwa.Gedelai na zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwine zwa thusa uri i shume zwavhuḓi. I na muvhili une wa fara maḓi, tshibambo tshine tsha thusa muthu u i hwala, na fhethu hune maḓi a bva hone. Dziṅwe kettle dzi a ḓivha musi maḓi a tshi swika hune a dudedza hone, dza mbo ḓi ḓivala nga dzoṱhe. Hezwi zwi thusa uri kettle i sa tshinyale nga u dudedza maḓi lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.<ref>McGee, H. (2004) ''On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen''. Revised edn. New York: Scribner.</ref> Musi ri tshi shumisa kettle, ri fanela u vha na vhulondi. Ri tea u sa i kwama nga zwanḓa zwine zwa vha na maḓi kana u i shumisa tsini na maḓi manzhi, ngauri muḓagasi u nga vha na khombo. Kettle i fanela u dzula i tshi kunakisya uri i dzule i tshi shuma zwavhuḓi. Ngauralo, kettle ndi tshishumiswa tsha ndeme nahone tshi ita uri mishumo ya hayani i leluwe.<ref>Brown, A. (2019) ''Understanding Food: Principles and Preparation''. 6th edn. Boston: Cengage Learning.</ref> === Referentsi === * Gisslen, W. (2018) ''Professional Cooking''. 9th edn. Hoboken: Wiley. * McGee, H. (2004) ''On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen''. Revised edn. New York: Scribner. * Brown, A. (2019) ''Understanding Food: Principles and Preparation''. 6th edn. Boston: Cengage Learning. [[Category:Gedela]] 46p5xetivr6pcksnvx62qrtwwe5v0zr 23119 23118 2026-09-07T16:58:17Z Uzwo 9414 ndo thutha refentsi 23119 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kettle on a stove.jpg|thumb|Gedela ya u vhilisa madi]] '''Gedela''' ndi tshishumiswa tsha ndeme vhukuma hayani. I shumiswa u vhetshela na u bvisa maḓi musi ri tshi ṱoḓa u a shumisa. Gedela dzi a fhambana nga mivhala, saizi na zwivhumbeo. Dziṅwe dzi shumisa muḓagasi, ngeno dziṅwe dzi tshi nga shumiswa nṱha ha tshitofu.Gedela i thusa vhukuma musi ri tshi ṱoḓa u lugisa tie, khofi kana zwiṅwe zwiliwa zwine zwa ṱoḓa maḓi a dudedzeaho. I ita uri maḓi a dudedze nga u ṱavhanya, zwine zwa ita uri ri vhulunge tshifhinga. Musi ri tshi shumisa kettle, ri fanela u vha na vhulondi uri ri sa ḓo fhiswa nga maḓi a dudedzeaho kana muṅwe muḓagasi.Ndi zwa ndeme uri kettle i dzudzanywe na u kunakis wa tshifhinga tshoṱhe. Ri fanela u i bvisa muḓagasi musi ri sa khou i shumisa, u itela u tsireledza vhathu na u fhungudza u shumiswa ha muḓagasi. Kettle ndi tshishumiswa tshiṱuku, fhedzi tshi ita mushumo muhulwane vhutshiloni ha ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe.<ref>Gisslen, W. (2018) ''Professional Cooking''. 9th edn. Hoboken: Wiley.</ref> gedela ndi tshishumiswa tshine tsha shumiswa u dudedza maḓi. Tshishumiswa itshi tshi wanala kha miḓi minzhi ngauri tshi ita uri u dudedza maḓi zwi leluwe. Gedela ya muḓagasi i shuma nga u ṱavhanya nahone a si zwa ndeme uri muthu a dzule a tshi lavhelesa mulilo. Ri nga shumisa gedela musi ri tshi ṱoḓa u ita tie, khofi kana u lugisa zwiṅwe zwiliwa.Gedelai na zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwine zwa thusa uri i shume zwavhuḓi. I na muvhili une wa fara maḓi, tshibambo tshine tsha thusa muthu u i hwala, na fhethu hune maḓi a bva hone. Dziṅwe kettle dzi a ḓivha musi maḓi a tshi swika hune a dudedza hone, dza mbo ḓi ḓivala nga dzoṱhe. Hezwi zwi thusa uri kettle i sa tshinyale nga u dudedza maḓi lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.<ref>McGee, H. (2004) ''On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen''. Revised edn. New York: Scribner.</ref> Musi ri tshi shumisa kettle, ri fanela u vha na vhulondi. Ri tea u sa i kwama nga zwanḓa zwine zwa vha na maḓi kana u i shumisa tsini na maḓi manzhi, ngauri muḓagasi u nga vha na khombo. Kettle i fanela u dzula i tshi kunakisya uri i dzule i tshi shuma zwavhuḓi. Ngauralo, kettle ndi tshishumiswa tsha ndeme nahone tshi ita uri mishumo ya hayani i leluwe.<ref>Brown, A. (2019) ''Understanding Food: Principles and Preparation''. 6th edn. Boston: Cengage Learning.</ref> === Referentsi === [[Category:Gedela]] rd1lvx4guyumol0ib1bt32hrscgbdy0 0 6085 23120 2026-09-07T17:08:24Z Uzwo 9414 Ndo nwala athikili 23120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bege''' ndi tshishumiswa tshine tsha shumiswa nga vhathu vhanzhi vhutshiloni ha ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe. Tshikwama tshi thusa muthu u hwala zwithu zwawe zwi fanaho na bugu, dzikhopi, zwiḽiwa na zwiṅwe zwishumiswa. Zwikwama zwi wanala nga mivhala, saizi na zwivhumbeo zwo fhambanaho. Zwiṅwe zwi itwa nga labi, ngeno zwiṅwe zwi tshi itwa nga linḽa, plastic kana zwithu zwa maḓaba.<ref>Ashdown, S.P. (2007) ''Sizing in Clothing: Developing Effective Sizing Systems for Ready-to-Wear Clothing''. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing.</ref> Bege ndi ya ndeme kha vhagudiswa ngauri tshi vha thusa u hwala bugu na zwishumiswa zwa tshikolo. Muthu a nga dovha a shumisa bege musi a tshi ya mushumoni, u renga zwithu kana u dalela vhaṅwe vhathu. Bege i fanela u vha na vhushaka ho khwaṱhaho uri tshi kone u hwala zwithu zwi re ngomu.Dziṅwe bege dzi vha na zwikwama zwiṱuku zwine zwa thusa u vhulunga zwithu nga nḓila yo dzudzanywaho.<ref>Fletcher, K. (2014) ''Sustainable Fashion and Textiles: Design Journeys''. 2nd edn. London: Routledge.</ref> [[File:Compactsleepingbag - sleeping bag without background.png|thumb|Bege ya u vhulunga zwithu]] Ri fanela u ṱhogomela tshikwama tshashu nga u tshi kunakisa na u sa tshi hwesa zwithu zwinzhi zwine zwa nga tshi tshinya. Musi bege i tshi shumiswa zwavhuḓi, tshi nga fhedza tshifhinga tshilapfu. Ngauralo, bege ndi tshishumiswa tsha ndeme ngauri tshi ita uri u hwala na u vhulunga zwithu zwi leluwe.<ref>Kadolph, S.J. (2013) ''Textiles''. 11th edn. Boston: Pearson.</ref> === Referentsi === * Ashdown, S.P. (2007) ''Sizing in Clothing: Developing Effective Sizing Systems for Ready-to-Wear Clothing''. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. * Fletcher, K. (2014) ''Sustainable Fashion and Textiles: Design Journeys''. 2nd edn. London: Routledge. * Kadolph, S.J. (2013) ''Textiles''. 11th edn. Boston: Pearson [[Category:Bege]] dk9hpe3n79ug8dwkobhs045sz6khkfj 23121 23120 2026-09-07T17:09:19Z Uzwo 9414 Ndo thutha referentsi nthihi 23121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bege''' ndi tshishumiswa tshine tsha shumiswa nga vhathu vhanzhi vhutshiloni ha ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe. Tshikwama tshi thusa muthu u hwala zwithu zwawe zwi fanaho na bugu, dzikhopi, zwiḽiwa na zwiṅwe zwishumiswa. Zwikwama zwi wanala nga mivhala, saizi na zwivhumbeo zwo fhambanaho. Zwiṅwe zwi itwa nga labi, ngeno zwiṅwe zwi tshi itwa nga linḽa, plastic kana zwithu zwa maḓaba.<ref>Ashdown, S.P. (2007) ''Sizing in Clothing: Developing Effective Sizing Systems for Ready-to-Wear Clothing''. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing.</ref> Bege ndi ya ndeme kha vhagudiswa ngauri tshi vha thusa u hwala bugu na zwishumiswa zwa tshikolo. Muthu a nga dovha a shumisa bege musi a tshi ya mushumoni, u renga zwithu kana u dalela vhaṅwe vhathu. Bege i fanela u vha na vhushaka ho khwaṱhaho uri tshi kone u hwala zwithu zwi re ngomu.Dziṅwe bege dzi vha na zwikwama zwiṱuku zwine zwa thusa u vhulunga zwithu nga nḓila yo dzudzanywaho.<ref>Fletcher, K. (2014) ''Sustainable Fashion and Textiles: Design Journeys''. 2nd edn. London: Routledge.</ref> [[File:Compactsleepingbag - sleeping bag without background.png|thumb|Bege ya u vhulunga zwithu]] Ri fanela u ṱhogomela tshikwama tshashu nga u tshi kunakisa na u sa tshi hwesa zwithu zwinzhi zwine zwa nga tshi tshinya. Musi bege i tshi shumiswa zwavhuḓi, tshi nga fhedza tshifhinga tshilapfu. Ngauralo, bege ndi tshishumiswa tsha ndeme ngauri tshi ita uri u hwala na u vhulunga zwithu zwi leluwe.<ref>Kadolph, S.J. (2013) ''Textiles''. 11th edn. Boston: Pearson.</ref> === Referentsi === [[Category:Bege]] i3opzioa32rbni434fphnrhf3pim509 0 6086 23122 2026-09-08T06:25:07Z Uzwo 9414 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373415738|Porridge]]" 23122 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Mukapu''' ndi lushaka lwa zwiḽiwa zwine zwa vha uri zwo khwaṱha zwine zwa itwa nga u ṱanzwa, u zwima , u zwi vhilisakha mafhi kana maḓi, fhasi na [[Tshimela|zwimela]] zwo pwasheaho ,kana zwo tshetshelelwaho zwi re Tshitatshi na kanzhi thoro . Ndi zwiḽiwa zwa sialala zwa mashango manzhi. Miṅwe mupeleṱo wa ''mukapu'' dzi katela ''porage'' (ine ya vha uri a i tsha shuma Muvhuso wa Dzitshaka , ''Scotland'' (Scotland/Luisimane lwa Tshipembe), na ''parrige'' (Scotland na Caribbean). Kanzhi mukapu u a bikiwa kana u ṋekedzwa wo engedzwa zwithu zwine zwa ḓifha u fana na muṋo, swigiri, mutoli, mutshelo, dzhamu kana siraphu u nga ṱanganyiswa na zwipaisi, khovhe, ṋama kana miroho u itela u ita zwiḽiwa zwi ḓifhaho . Kanzhi i avhiwa i tshi khou fhisa kha tshigoḓelo kana kha bodozwi tshi bva kha u khwaṱha hayo. Vhunzhi ha tshaka dza mukapu dzi na madzina adzo. Mukapu wa outsu u ḓivhiwa sa oatmeal kha ḽa North America, nahone ndi muṅwe wa tshaka dzo ḓoweleaho. Dziṅwe dzi katela polenta, yo itwaho nga mavhele; poi, u bva kha taro ; gruel, mufuda wo sekenaho wa mukapu wa oat; congee, mukapu wa raisi u ḓifhaho wa Asia; na brose na crowdie, mukapu wa Scotland u songo bikiwaho wo itwaho nga oats maḓini. sdbnwvccr5owzpqfpvfurdnfbcd2cfa 0 6087 23125 2026-09-08T06:49:43Z Uzwo 9414 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373408338|Bottled water]]" 23125 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:Stilles_Mineralwasser.jpg|thumb|Maḓi a minerala a mabodelo a tshi khou shelwa kha ngilasi .]] [[File:Watercooler_Wikinews.jpg|thumb|388x388px|Maḓi a mabodelo o ṋetshedzwaho kha tshifheṱi tsha maḓi]] [[File:Stock_water_(4677305871).jpg|right|thumb|Tshigoḓelo tsha maḓi tshi hwaleaho tshi re na pompo fhasi .]] Maḓi a mabodelo ndi maḓi a u nwa (tsumbo, maḓi a tshisima, maḓi o ṱanganyiswaho, maḓi a reverse osimosi, maḓi a minerala, kana maḓi a tshisima) o pakiwaho kha mabodelo a maḓi a pulasitiki kana ngilasi. Maḓi ane avha uri o vhewa kha mabodelo anga vha na carbonated kana a si na zwithu zwine zwa vha uri zwo pakiwa ubva kha mabodelo maṱuku ane avha uri aya shumiswa luthihi uya kha dzi khaboyi khulwane dza u rothola maḓi. U shumiswa ha maḓi a mabodelo zwi ṱuṱuwedzwa nga zwithu zwi ngaho u leludza, u ḓifha, tsireledzo ine ya dzhiiwa, na mbilaelo nga ha vhuimo ha maḓi a pompi a masipala. Vhuleme nga ha masiandoitwa a mupo a maḓi a mabodelo, hu tshi katelwa na u bveledzwa na u laṱwa ha mabodelo a pulasitiki, zwo ita uri hu vhe na khuwelelo dza maitele a bveledzaho kha nḓowetshumo. Dziṅwe dzi brand dzo lingedza u tandulula thaidzo ya dzi mikhoropulasitiki na dzi khemikhali nga u vhea maḓi o kunakiswaho kha dzi thini. adqo7v34e93xiwzrwc1p93z3lytp8l1 2 6088 23129 2026-09-08T08:45:50Z Barbiey 9401 i wrote an article 23129 wikitext text/x-wiki == Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula == '''Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula''' kha vunḓu ḽa limpopo nga ṅwedzi wa 2026 Phando,zwe zwa sia hu khou vha na muvhigo wa uri hu na vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi vhane vho ri sia na ṅwana muthihi ane a vha na minwaha mitanu. hu na nnḓu dzi swikaho 1600 dzine dzo kumbiwa nga murahu ha musi ho vha na mvula nngafha ye ya ṋa lwa maḓuvha manzhi i sa imi ,ezwo zwo sia miṱa minzhi i si tshena hu ne ya nga dzula hone lwa tshenetsho tshifhinga.Vho Phophi Ramathuba vho ya vha dalela na u vhona tshiimo tsha tshinyalelo eyo ngei kha shango ḽe zwa bvelela hone.na Phuresidenthe Vho Ramaphosa vho ya u dalela kha tshitiriki tsha vhembe. Zwithu zwo raliho zwo ita uri vhana vha sa ye zwikoloni ngauri dzi bada dzo vha dzi maḓi fhedzi , dzi buroho nadzo dzo ḓala.na vhathu vhe vha vha vho ḓa u awela ngei kruger National park vho fhedza vha tshi khou fanela u tuwa tshifhinga tshi sathu swika ngauri fhethu hune vho vha vha khou eḓela hone ,ho fhedza hu tshi khou dzhena maḓi zwaita uri huvhe ho novha fhethu hu songo tsireledzeaho.zwa swika na kha uri na avho vhane vho vha vha khou fanela u shumisa bufho vha fhedza vha khou dzula hune vha vha hone ngauri ho vha hu sa khou tshimbilea. Mulambo wa ngei mutale kha ḽa venda wo dala ha swika hune ho vha hu sa tsha tshimbilea ,ngeno hu na mufumakadzi we abva nga matsheloni na vhana vhawe a tshi ya vhuongeloni fhedzi vhari vha tshi vho vhuya vha wana madi ono vha manzhi nahone hu satsha fhirea zwa do ita iro avho vhathu vha fhedze vhusiku vha hanefha madakani hune nga tshenetsho tshifhinga na mvula dzo vha dzi tshi khou na. == Refarentsi == 40z4ifpe3or31nra7iz2f4zifhpc422 23130 23129 2026-09-08T08:51:23Z Barbiey 9401 added catagory 23130 wikitext text/x-wiki == Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula == '''Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula''' kha vunḓu ḽa limpopo nga ṅwedzi wa 2026 Phando,zwe zwa sia hu khou vha na muvhigo wa uri hu na vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi vhane vho ri sia na ṅwana muthihi ane a vha na minwaha mitanu. hu na nnḓu dzi swikaho 1600 dzine dzo kumbiwa nga murahu ha musi ho vha na mvula nngafha ye ya ṋa lwa maḓuvha manzhi i sa imi ,ezwo zwo sia miṱa minzhi i si tshena hu ne ya nga dzula hone lwa tshenetsho tshifhinga.Vho Phophi Ramathuba vho ya vha dalela na u vhona tshiimo tsha tshinyalelo eyo ngei kha shango ḽe zwa bvelela hone.na Phuresidenthe Vho Ramaphosa vho ya u dalela kha tshitiriki tsha vhembe. Zwithu zwo raliho zwo ita uri vhana vha sa ye zwikoloni ngauri dzi bada dzo vha dzi maḓi fhedzi , dzi buroho nadzo dzo ḓala.na vhathu vhe vha vha vho ḓa u awela ngei kruger National park vho fhedza vha tshi khou fanela u tuwa tshifhinga tshi sathu swika ngauri fhethu hune vho vha vha khou eḓela hone ,ho fhedza hu tshi khou dzhena maḓi zwaita uri huvhe ho novha fhethu hu songo tsireledzeaho.zwa swika na kha uri na avho vhane vho vha vha khou fanela u shumisa bufho vha fhedza vha khou dzula hune vha vha hone ngauri ho vha hu sa khou tshimbilea. Mulambo wa ngei mutale kha ḽa venda wo dala ha swika hune ho vha hu sa tsha tshimbilea ,ngeno hu na mufumakadzi we abva nga matsheloni na vhana vhawe a tshi ya vhuongeloni fhedzi vhari vha tshi vho vhuya vha wana madi ono vha manzhi nahone hu satsha fhirea zwa do ita iro avho vhathu vha fhedze vhusiku vha hanefha madakani hune nga tshenetsho tshifhinga na mvula dzo vha dzi tshi khou na. == Refarentsi == [[Category:Vhulwadze]] 9hc2yios717lqp1oqa2ixvh0r5nb3e9 23131 23130 2026-09-08T09:37:45Z Barbiey 9401 added reference 23131 wikitext text/x-wiki == Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula == '''Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula''' kha vunḓu ḽa limpopo nga ṅwedzi wa 2026 Phando,zwe zwa sia hu khou vha na muvhigo wa uri hu na vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi vhane vho ri sia na ṅwana muthihi ane a vha na minwaha mitanu.[1] <ref>https://mg.co.za/the-green-guardian/2026-01-16-eleven-dead-thousands-displaced-as-severe-flooding-batters-limpopo/</ref> hu na nnḓu dzi swikaho 1600 dzine dzo kumbiwa nga murahu ha musi ho vha na mvula nngafha ye ya ṋa lwa maḓuvha manzhi i sa imi ,ezwo zwo sia miṱa minzhi i si tshena hu ne ya nga dzula hone lwa tshenetsho tshifhinga.Vho Phophi Ramathuba vho ya vha dalela na u vhona tshiimo tsha tshinyalelo eyo ngei kha shango ḽe zwa bvelela hone.na Phuresidenthe Vho Ramaphosa vho ya u dalela kha tshitiriki tsha vhembe. Zwithu zwo raliho zwo ita uri vhana vha sa ye zwikoloni ngauri dzi bada dzo vha dzi maḓi fhedzi , dzi buroho nadzo dzo ḓala.na vhathu vhe vha vha vho ḓa u awela ngei kruger National park vho fhedza vha tshi khou fanela u tuwa tshifhinga tshi sathu swika ngauri fhethu hune vho vha vha khou eḓela hone ,ho fhedza hu tshi khou dzhena maḓi zwaita uri huvhe ho novha fhethu hu songo tsireledzeaho.zwa swika na kha uri na avho vhane vho vha vha khou fanela u shumisa bufho vha fhedza vha khou dzula hune vha vha hone ngauri ho vha hu sa khou tshimbilea.[2]<ref>https://www.news24.com/southafrica/weather/limpopo-floods-force-school-closures-road-shutdowns-flight-cancellations-20260114-1181</ref> Mulambo wa ngei mutale kha ḽa venda wo dala ha swika hune ho vha hu sa tsha tshimbilea ,ngeno hu na mufumakadzi we abva nga matsheloni na vhana vhawe a tshi ya vhuongeloni fhedzi vhari vha tshi vho vhuya vha wana madi ono vha manzhi nahone hu satsha fhirea zwa do ita iro avho vhathu vha fhedze vhusiku vha hanefha madakani hune nga tshenetsho tshifhinga na mvula dzo vha dzi tshi khou na.[3]<ref>https://southafrican-news.com/heavy-rains-wreak-havoc-across-vhembe-and-mopani-districts-in-limpopo/</ref> == Refarentsi == [[Category:Vhulwadze]] eeughs6bgx1zf62le2324cv8rlyym8p 23132 23131 2026-09-08T11:36:51Z Barbiey 9401 add category 23132 wikitext text/x-wiki == Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula == '''Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula''' kha vunḓu ḽa limpopo nga ṅwedzi wa 2026 Phando,zwe zwa sia hu khou vha na muvhigo wa uri hu na vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi vhane vho ri sia na ṅwana muthihi ane a vha na minwaha mitanu.hu na nnḓu dzi swikaho 1600 dzine dzo kumbiwa nga murahu ha musi ho vha na mvula nngafha ye ya ṋa lwa maḓuvha manzhi i sa imi ,ezwo zwo sia miṱa minzhi i si tshena hu ne ya nga dzula hone lwa tshenetsho tshifhinga.<ref>https://mg.co.za/the-green-guardian/2026-01-16-eleven-dead-thousands-displaced-as-severe-flooding-batters-limpopo/</ref> Vho Phophi Ramathuba vho ya vha dalela na u vhona tshiimo tsha tshinyalelo eyo ngei kha shango ḽe zwa bvelela hone.na Phuresidenthe Vho Ramaphosa vho ya u dalela kha tshitiriki tsha vhembe. Zwithu zwo raliho zwo ita uri vhana vha sa ye zwikoloni ngauri dzi bada dzo vha dzi maḓi fhedzi , dzi buroho nadzo dzo ḓala.na vhathu vhe vha vha vho ḓa u awela ngei kruger National park vho fhedza vha tshi khou fanela u tuwa tshifhinga tshi sathu swika ngauri fhethu hune vho vha vha khou eḓela hone ,ho fhedza hu tshi khou dzhena maḓi zwaita uri huvhe ho novha fhethu hu songo tsireledzeaho.zwa swika na kha uri na avho vhane vho vha vha khou fanela u shumisa bufho vha fhedza vha khou dzula hune vha vha hone ngauri ho vha hu sa khou tshimbilea.<ref>https://www.news24.com/southafrica/weather/limpopo-floods-force-school-closures-road-shutdowns-flight-cancellations-20260114-1181</ref> Mulambo wa ngei mutale kha ḽa venda wo dala ha swika hune ho vha hu sa tsha tshimbilea ,ngeno hu na mufumakadzi we abva nga matsheloni na vhana vhawe a tshi ya vhuongeloni fhedzi vhari vha tshi vho vhuya vha wana madi ono vha manzhi nahone hu satsha fhirea zwa do ita iro avho vhathu vha fhedze vhusiku vha hanefha madakani hune nga tshenetsho tshifhinga na mvula dzo vha dzi tshi khou na.<ref>https://southafrican-news.com/heavy-rains-wreak-havoc-across-vhembe-and-mopani-districts-in-limpopo/</ref> == refarentsi == <references /> [[Category:Vhulwadze]] [[Category:Dokotela]] 003e927f33gdpd0nty5ifq0c2u1mwq9 0 6089 23133 2026-09-08T11:41:44Z Barbiey 9401 added category 23133 wikitext text/x-wiki == Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula == '''Tshinyadzo ye ya vhangwa nga mvula''' kha vunḓu ḽa limpopo nga ṅwedzi wa 2026 Phando,zwe zwa sia hu khou vha na muvhigo wa uri hu na vhathu vha swikaho fumi na nthihi vhane vho ri sia na ṅwana muthihi ane a vha na minwaha mitanu.hu na nnḓu dzi swikaho 1600 dzine dzo kumbiwa nga murahu ha musi ho vha na mvula nngafha ye ya ṋa lwa maḓuvha manzhi i sa imi ,ezwo zwo sia miṱa minzhi i si tshena hu ne ya nga dzula hone lwa tshenetsho tshifhinga.<ref>https://mg.co.za/the-green-guardian/2026-01-16-eleven-dead-thousands-displaced-as-severe-flooding-batters-limpopo/</ref> Vho Phophi Ramathuba vho ya vha dalela na u vhona tshiimo tsha tshinyalelo eyo ngei kha shango ḽe zwa bvelela hone.na Phuresidenthe Vho Ramaphosa vho ya u dalela kha tshitiriki tsha vhembe. Zwithu zwo raliho zwo ita uri vhana vha sa ye zwikoloni ngauri dzi bada dzo vha dzi maḓi fhedzi , dzi buroho nadzo dzo ḓala.na vhathu vhe vha vha vho ḓa u awela ngei kruger National park vho fhedza vha tshi khou fanela u tuwa tshifhinga tshi sathu swika ngauri fhethu hune vho vha vha khou eḓela hone ,ho fhedza hu tshi khou dzhena maḓi zwaita uri huvhe ho novha fhethu hu songo tsireledzeaho.zwa swika na kha uri na avho vhane vho vha vha khou fanela u shumisa bufho vha fhedza vha khou dzula hune vha vha hone ngauri ho vha hu sa khou tshimbilea.<ref>https://www.news24.com/southafrica/weather/limpopo-floods-force-school-closures-road-shutdowns-flight-cancellations-20260114-1181</ref> Mulambo wa ngei mutale kha ḽa venda wo dala ha swika hune ho vha hu sa tsha tshimbilea ,ngeno hu na mufumakadzi we abva nga matsheloni na vhana vhawe a tshi ya vhuongeloni fhedzi vhari vha tshi vho vhuya vha wana madi ono vha manzhi nahone hu satsha fhirea zwa do ita iro avho vhathu vha fhedze vhusiku vha hanefha madakani hune nga tshenetsho tshifhinga na mvula dzo vha dzi tshi khou na.<ref>https://southafrican-news.com/heavy-rains-wreak-havoc-across-vhembe-and-mopani-districts-in-limpopo/</ref> == refarentsi == <references /> [[Category:Vhulwadze]] [[Category:Dokotela]] ba6z6k1yw2xbu9ds0jqivx6vr5onz4b