Wikipedia vewiki https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayani MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.22 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 5242 23468 20579 2026-09-30T20:33:29Z Preetykay4-Rsa 9429 Created by translating the section "History" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377302941|IPhone]]" 23468 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ḓivhazwakale == U tumbulwa ha [[ṱhingothendeleki]] ya Apuḽa nga 2004,vhashumi vha 1000 vho rangiwa phanḓa nga muininzhiara wa [[hardware]] Tony Fadell, muinzhiniara wa software Scott Forstall na muofisiri wa dizaini Jony Ive, uri vha shume lwa tshiphiri kha <nowiki>''Project Purple''</nowiki><ref>[https://www.pinterest.com/ideas/iphone-story-png/936068642799/ https://www.pinterest.com/ideas/iphone-story-png/936068642799]</ref>.<ref>https://www.pinterest.com/ideas/iphone-story-png/936068642799/</ref> == Ḓivha zwakale. == === Nga nwaha wa 2000 === Mveledziso ya tingotendeleki ya Apula yo thoma nga nwaha wa 2004, musi khamphani i tshi thoma u kuvhanganya zwigwada zwa vhashumi vhano lingana 1,000 tsho rangwaho phanḓa nga muinzhiniyara wa zwishumiswa zwa khomphutha Tony Fadell, muinzhiniyara wa sofuthiwere Scott Forstall, na muofisiri wa u ḓivhadza Jony Ive, u itela u shuma kha "Project Purple" ya tshiphiri tshihulwane. Mulanguli Muhulwane wa tingotendeleki ya Apula wa tshenetsho tshifhinga Steve Jobs o livhisa vhudifhinduleli hau thoma na thebulethe (ye nga murahu ya dovha ya sedzwa nga tshivhumbeo tsha iPad ) u ya kha founu. Khamphani ya Apula yo sika tshishumiswa musi Vha tshi thoma u shumisana ha tshiphirini na Cingular Wireless (nga murahu ya vhidzwa AT&T Mobility ) nga mutengo wo anganyelwaho wa mveledziso wa US$150 .&nbsp;miḽioni kha miṅwedzi ya 30. U ya nga Jobs nga 1998, "i" kha "iMac" (nga murahu havha "iPod", "iPhone", na "iPad") zwo imela inthanethe, muthu a eṱhe, u laedza, a dovha a ḓivhadza, na u ṱuṱuwedza. Khamphani ya Apula yo hanedzana na nḓila ya " u ḓivhadzwa nga komiti " ye ya bveledza Motorola ROKR E1, "tingotendeleki ya iTunes" ye ya vha i songo bvelela yo itiwaho nga musi vha tshi shumisana na Motorola . Kha zwiṅwe zwine zwa khou ṱahela, firmware ya ROKR E1 yo fhungudza vhudzulo ha nyimbo dza iTunes dza 100 fhedzi u itela u iledza u ṱaṱisana na iPod nano ya Apple . Cingular yo ṋea Khamphani ya Apula mbofholowo ya uri vha bveledze hardware na software ya iPhone nga ngomu, maitele a sa anzeli u itea nga tshenetsho tshifhinga, nahone ya badela Apula tshipiḓa tsha mbuelo yayo ya tshumelo ya ṅwedzi muṅwe na muṅwe (u swika kha iPhone 3G), nga u tshintshana nga miṅwaha miṋa ya thengiso yo khetheaho ya US, u swika nga 201 Vho Jobs vho bvisela khagala iPhone ya murafho wa u thoma kha tshitshavha nga ḽa 9 Phando 2007, ngei kha ḽa Macworld ḽa 2007 ngei Sentharani ya Moscone ngei San Francisco . iPhone yo vha yo dzhenisa {{cvt|3.5|in}} displei ya u kwama zwithu zwinzhi i re na mabammbiri maṋa fhedzi o fhelelaho na bathene ya u Lila/ u humus nahone yo vha i tshi tshimbidza sisiṱeme ya u shuma ya iPhone OS i re na vhushaka vhu kwamaho, nga murahu ya rengiswa sa mbekanyamushumo ya Mac OS X . Ho vha hu founu ya zwanda ya u thoma u shumisa thekinolodzhi ya u kwama zwithu zwinzhi. Tshishumiswa tsho hetshi tsho thomiwa nga nwaha wa 29 June, 2007, nga mutengo wa u thoma wa US$499 ngei United States, nahone tsho vha tshi tshi ṱoḓa thendelano ya miṅwaha mivhili na AT&T . Mutengo wo fhungudzwelwa fhasi nga zwipiḓa zwiraru nga murahu ha miṅwedzi mivhili. Vhuṱanzi ho bveledzwaho ho kombetshedza uri vha Jobs vha rise khumbelo ya pfarelo na u ṋetshedza tshipiḓa tsha mbadelo kha vharengi vha u thoma vha iPhone. k4o8lon8wbrol0wa3v33mw5esx0ol1l 0 5424 23467 23040 2026-09-30T20:11:12Z Preetykay4-Rsa 9429 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376890199|Apple]]" 23467 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Apula''' ndi mutshelo wa tshitendeledzi, une wa ḽiwa, wa muri wa apula. Miri ya mitshelo ya '''tsimu ya mitshelo''' kana '''apula ḽa hayani''', ine ya ṱavhiwa vhukuma kha lushaka, i ṱavhiwa shango ḽoṱhe. Muri wo thoma Asia Vhukati, hune makhulukuku wawo wa ḓaka, ''Malus sieversii'', wa kha ḓi wanala hone. Maapula o no ṱavhiwa lwa miṅwaha ya zwigidi kha ḽa Eurasia phanḓa ha musi a tshi ḓivhadzwa North America nga vhakoloni vha Europe . Maapula a na ndeme ya mvelele kha ngano nnzhi (u katela na Norse na Greek ) na vhurereli (u fana na Vhukriste ngei Yuropa ). Maapula ane a bva kha mbeu a anzela u fhambaba na ane a bva kha vhabebi vhavho, nahone kanzhi mitshelo i anzela u sa vhonala nga hu leluwaho. Nga ṅwambo wa vhubindudzi, hu itwa tsenguluso malugana na mutsho wo ḓalaho kha midzinginyo. Miri yo melaho i si na midzi yayo i ya aluwesa, nahone ya lenga u mela mitshelo musi yo ṱavhiwa. Midzi i shumiswa u langa nḓila ine muri wa aluwa ngayo na musi wo no vha hone, nahone zwenezwo zwi ita uri hu vhe na tshedza. Huna tshaka dzine dza fhira 7,500 dza maapula . Dzi cultivars dzo fhambanaho dzi ya fuwiwa kha zwithu zwo fhambanaho na u shumiswa, ho kateliwa na u bika, u ḽa zwi songo bikwa, na u bveledza zwithu zwa u nwiwa sa dzhuzi ya apula . Miri na mitshelo zwi ya kona u vha na thaidzo dza fungal, bacterial, na zwikhokhonono, zwine zwa nga langiwa nga ndila nnzhi dza zwithu zwine zwa vha uri zwo bveledziwa na zwine zwa vha uri azwi ngo bveledziwa. Nga 2010, genome ya mutshelo yo vha yo tevhekana sa tshipida tsha ṱhoḓisiso kha u langa malwadze na u khetha kha u bveledza apula. == Referensi == == __LEAD_SECTION__ == '''Apula''' ndi mutshelo wau rendelekana, une wa ḽiwa wa muri wa apula. Miri ya mitshelo ya '''tsimu ya mitshelo''' kana '''apula ḽa hayani''' ( '''''Malus domestica''''' ), Ndi ine ya ṱavhiwa vhukuma kha lushaka, i ṱavhiwa shango ḽoṱhe. Heyi miri yo thoma Asia Vhukati, hune makhulukuku wawo wa ḓaka, ''Malus sieversii'', wa kha ḓi wanala hone. Ma apula o no ṱavhiwa lwa miṅwaha ya zwigidi kha ḽan Eurasia phanḓa ha musi a tshi ḓivhadzwa kha shango la ḽan America nga vhakoloni vha Europe . Ma apula a na ndeme ya mvelelo kha ngano nnzhi (u katela na Norse na Greek ) na vhurereli (u fana na Vhukriste ngei Yuropa ). Ma apula ane avha o tavhiwa nga mbeu aya kona u fhambana vhukuma na a vhabebi vhao, na mutshelo une wo bveledziwa kanzhi uya shaya zwithu zwine zwa vha uri zwo tea. U itela ndivho dza zwa vhubindudzi, hu tshi katelwa na u ṱola zwimela, tshaka dza ma apula dzi bveledzwa nga u ṱanganywa kha midzi . Miri ya ma apula ine ya vha uri yo tavhiwa hu sina midzi iya kona u vha mihulwane na u lenga vhukuma u bveledza mitshelo nga murahu ha musi yo no tavhiwa. Rootstocks dzi ya shuma u langa luvhilo lwa u hula na vhuhulwane ha muri une wa vha uri wo bveledziwa, zwine zwa ita uri Zwi leluwe u kaṋa. Huna tshaka dzine dza fhira 7,500 dza maapula . Dzi mbeu dzo fhambananaho dzi ya fuwiwa kha zwithu zwo fhambananaho na u shumiswa, ho kateliwa na u bika, u ḽa zwi songo bikwa, na u bveledza cider kana juice ya apula . Miri na mitshelo zwi ya kona u vha na thaidzo dza fungal, bacteria, na zwikhokhonono, zwine zwa nga langiwa nga ndila nnzhi dza zwithu zwine zwa vha uri zwo bveledziwa na zwine zwa vha uri azwi ngo bveledziwa. Nga 2010, genome ya mutshelo yo vha yo tevhekana sa tshipida tsha ṱhoḓisiso kha u langa malwadze na u khetha u bveledza kha u bveledza ma apula. gi9jj6i9z0uxu5lvq82qdo5ifpb149x 2 5603 23461 23334 2026-09-30T18:23:57Z Gifton22 9404 23461 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * Draft 5 7n5gq8z60cxs6n0961k65fqg7h78ylt 23462 23461 2026-09-30T18:25:04Z Gifton22 9404 23462 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] 8x1v7hcmq0if7o9ids82qhk1l3zs6hs 23464 23462 2026-09-30T19:47:33Z Gifton22 9404 23464 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] qrdfur778bo9lc48eu9jjx6gdluopzy 23466 23464 2026-09-30T20:01:02Z Gifton22 9404 23466 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] * [[Dzata tshikolo tshi hulwane|Draft 7]] s70uwth3adn6gixtm0y2bnudv9wcky6 23470 23466 2026-09-30T20:44:58Z Gifton22 9404 23470 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] * [[Dzata tshikolo tshi hulwane|Draft 7]] [[Bola ya milenzhe|Draft 8]] 2b81subenqk4o1bpwlgmsezuwnoy65i 23472 23470 2026-09-30T20:53:16Z Gifton22 9404 23472 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] * [[Dzata tshikolo tshi hulwane|Draft 7]] [[Bola ya milenzhe|Draft 8]] [[Sialala ya vha venda|Draft 9]] mcrwcv7rrd7p459vob3p1pjxlu8adzg 23475 23472 2026-09-30T21:00:21Z Gifton22 9404 23475 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] * [[Dzata tshikolo tshi hulwane|Draft 7]] [[Bola ya milenzhe|Draft 8]] [[Sialala ya vha venda|Draft 9]] [[Migidimo|Draft 10]] sunega6p6936nko1h05qqxw4u4pgsa2 23477 23475 2026-09-30T21:06:10Z Gifton22 9404 23477 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] * [[Dzata tshikolo tshi hulwane|Draft 7]] [[Bola ya milenzhe|Draft 8]] [[Sialala ya vha venda|Draft 9]] [[Migidimo|Draft 10]] [[Halwa ha mvelele|Draft 11]] 4pd008junret4q1wt5pbuipgypmo2nv 23479 23477 2026-09-30T21:09:29Z Gifton22 9404 23479 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] * [[Dzata tshikolo tshi hulwane|Draft 7]] [[Bola ya milenzhe|Draft 8]] [[Sialala ya vha venda|Draft 9]] [[Migidimo|Draft 10]] [[Halwa ha mvelele|Draft 11]] [[Zwipuka zwa kale|Draft 12]] 1umzkvv8xr4u4aoi97dusa5n604fiin 23487 23479 2026-09-30T21:50:27Z Gifton22 9404 23487 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Gifton22 [[User:Gifton22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Gifton22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[Nzhelele venda|Draft 5]] * [[Mulaudzi transport|Draft 6]] * [[Dzata tshikolo tshi hulwane|Draft 7]] [[Bola ya milenzhe|Draft 8]] [[Sialala ya vha venda|Draft 9]] [[Migidimo|Draft 10]] [[Halwa ha mvelele|Draft 11]] [[Zwipuka zwa kale|Draft 12]] [[Mavhoyi kholedzhi|Draft 13]] piro1fhsjvquzdbikh5zvgswl99t4pw 2 5611 23438 23436 2026-09-30T12:02:24Z Una maanda 9394 i wrote my name 23438 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda rq7tlg4wk2qwwu5k03tbquxru0a6b5k 23439 23438 2026-09-30T12:03:31Z Una maanda 9394 i crated draft1 23439 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda Dirafuthi1 jgy3gbn2nvomaqu5x4hb94iy6m0c6tl 23441 23439 2026-09-30T12:08:28Z Una maanda 9394 23441 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] 41xh7amqrvpalkcpw4qnpl7fdqkqa9l 23444 23441 2026-09-30T13:02:08Z Una maanda 9394 i created draft 23444 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] dirafuthi 2 0l3938dxkbmmj5isl5hl5mitxs4ahc3 23445 23444 2026-09-30T13:04:18Z Una maanda 9394 23445 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] 0546k7c7kdv03wcak9ui3o4s5n0tgdg 23491 23445 2026-09-30T22:19:42Z Una maanda 9394 created draft3 23491 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] dirafuthi 3 9c27c65045d8lz4bi9px9cby71eofnh 23492 23491 2026-09-30T22:21:18Z Una maanda 9394 23492 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 3|dirafuthi 3]] a8aquqbcfh3er1w617l8h1hrifisz6o 23496 23492 2026-09-30T22:59:45Z Una maanda 9394 i created draft4 23496 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 3|dirafuthi 3]] dirafuthi 4 n4f3jnmz8ushq67welz0nitp3gh42cl 23497 23496 2026-09-30T23:01:33Z Una maanda 9394 23497 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 3|dirafuthi 3]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 4]] ft75vbaopjcfv7ntp2x20tccxxxjlej 23498 23497 2026-09-30T23:02:35Z Una maanda 9394 i created draft 23498 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 3|dirafuthi 3]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 4|dirafuthi 4]] e3q93n4bpqeg8e1hrg73j22p94nv93a 23501 23498 2026-09-30T23:10:44Z Una maanda 9394 i created draft 23501 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 3|dirafuthi 3]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 4|dirafuthi 4]] dirafuthi 5 k19ey8c7k7v8cont9ny7jlo4dmgjv3s 23502 23501 2026-09-30T23:11:58Z Una maanda 9394 23502 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 3|dirafuthi 3]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 4|dirafuthi 4]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 5|dirafuthi4]] rwqpywl9re5bt86b9vtks109wow1jpi 23505 23502 2026-09-30T23:23:47Z Una maanda 9394 i created draft 23505 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 1|dirafuthi 1]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 2|dirafithi 2]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 3|dirafuthi 3]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 4|dirafuthi 4]] [[User:Una Maanda\dirafuthi 5|dirafuthi5]] c37ulnjlhsgcfen3d6zza2k7zvhqu4u 2 5671 23449 23431 2026-09-30T14:14:33Z Teekay03 9409 23449 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] Draft 5 24qfnv694skj8l7svwt28anpwr93doh 23450 23449 2026-09-30T14:16:49Z Teekay03 9409 23450 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] dabnipti9m4tbh9jrva21vnw6v2n1x9 23453 23450 2026-09-30T14:42:02Z Teekay03 9409 23453 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] [[Thavhani mall|Draft 6]] fjy3smtg8ptlw1anfoknvuc05ibkyf5 23457 23453 2026-09-30T15:23:40Z Teekay03 9409 23457 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] [[Thavhani mall|Draft 6]] [[Schizophrenia|Draft 6]] su3nujrebyb0vd8esmrn6lqyytbsf4v 23458 23457 2026-09-30T15:37:29Z Teekay03 9409 23458 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] [[Thavhani mall|Draft 6]] [[Schizophrenia|Draft 6]] [[The polygamist|Draft 7]] [[Skeem saam|Draft 8]] [[U vhulawa ha vhana na vhafumakadzi Afrika Tshipembe.|Draft 9]] [[Tattoos|Draft10]] q4r95p2lvp7rkdpmmybb1v3uaagyx61 23459 23458 2026-09-30T15:52:13Z Teekay03 9409 23459 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] [[Thavhani mall|Draft 6]] [[Mental illness|Draft 6]] [[The polygamist|Draft 7]] [[Maanḓa|Draft 8]] [[U vhulawa ha vhana na vhafumakadzi Afrika Tshipembe.|Draft 9]] [[Tattoos|Draft10]] 68owt6fkzqauo04cr9e1hdyovk3h3pf 23460 23459 2026-09-30T16:52:00Z Teekay03 9409 23460 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] [[Thavhani mall|Draft 6]] [[Vhulwadze ha muhumbulo|Draft 7]] [[Vhuhadzi|Draft 8]] [[Maanḓa|Draft 9]] [[U vhulawa ha vhana na vhafumakadzi Afrika Tshipembe.|Draft 10]] [[Tattoos|Draft 11]] sthm1iycqk8cxo2lo5srwwchge0wnj7 23483 23460 2026-09-30T21:33:34Z Teekay03 9409 23483 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] [[Thavhani mall|Draft 6]] [[Vhulwadze ha muhumbulo|Draft 7]] [[Madzhulu|Draft 8]] [[Maanḓa|Draft 9]] [[U vhulawa ha vhana na vhafumakadzi Afrika Tshipembe.|Draft 10]] [[Tattoos|Draft 11]] gxymy8rpxurbgoe18aka1pp8b94wbj7 23489 23483 2026-09-30T22:01:14Z Teekay03 9409 23489 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi Teekay03. [[User:Teekay03/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Teekay03/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Makunda|Draft 3]] [[Ha-mutsha|Draft 4]] [[Umhlabuyalingana|Draft 5]] [[Thavhani mall|Draft 6]] [[Vhulwadze ha muhumbulo|Draft 7]] [[Madzhulu|Draft 8]] [[Maanḓa|Draft 9]] [[U vhulawa ha vhana na vhafumakadzi Afrika Tshipembe.|Draft 10]] b6satojqwcvnqb27x4okwltwtdycpj2 2 5677 23440 23437 2026-09-30T12:06:24Z Minnie012 9412 23440 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina ḽanga ndi minnie012. [[User:Minnie012/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 3|Draft 3]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 4|Draft 4]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 5|Draft 5]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 6|Draft 6]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 7|Draft 7]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 8|Draft 8]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 9|Draft 9]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 10|Draft 10]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 11|Draft 11]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 12|Draft 12]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 13|Draft 13]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 14|Draft 14]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 15|Draft 15]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 16|Draft 16]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 17|Draft 17]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 18|Draft 18]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 19|Draft 19]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 20|Draft 20]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 21|Draft 21]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 22|Draft 22]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 23|Draft 23]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 24|Draft 24]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 25|Draft 25]] [[User:Minnie012/Draft 26|Draft 26]] Draft 26 44s58e6yt45y6chxydr8rzyw6nap3d3 0 5748 23482 21919 2026-09-30T21:21:43Z Preetykay4-Rsa 9429 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340810205|Cat]]" 23482 wikitext text/x-wiki Tshimange '''Tshimange''' ndi miraḓo ya muṱa wa Felidae, ndi zwipuka zwiṱuku zwine zwa ḽa ṋama zwine zwa ḓivhea nga u ṱavhanya, u tendelana na zwiitmo, na nḓowelo dzo khetheaho dza u ḓilugisa. Nga dzi claws dzine dza kona u bviswa, Tshipuka tshine tsha pfa u ḓivha fhethu, na u kona u vhona [[vhusiku]] ho bveledzwaho vhukuma. Tshimange ndi vhazwimi vha re na vhutsila nakhonani dzi<ref>Vho Brashaw, J. (2013). Nḓila ine saintsi ntswa ya zwifuwo ya nga ita uri ni vhe muṱavhi wa khwiṋe wa zwifuwo.Bugu dza muteo</ref> Tshimange tshitsu tsho ṱambaho tshi re na mato a matala ane a bvisa, ṱanganya hedzi pfaneleo dza feline, i kunga vhathu vhayo nga zwithu zwayo zwa u tamba na mvelo yayo ya lufuno. Mauvha a Tshimange [[o ḓala]] nga u ṱola, u tamba, na u ḓigeḓa. I fhedza awara nnzhi tsho ḓi dzulela ḓuvhani, tshi tshi khou pandamedza nnzie dzine dza ḓa nga zwiṅwezwifhinga na u ṱoḓa zwiḽiwa kha vhathu vhazwo. Tshithu tshine a tshi funesa ndi uṱalela zwithu musi tsho dzula kha fasiṱere, mutsila u tshi khou ḓi ṱomolo musi tshi tshi khou ṱalela nnḓa.<ref>Thomas, Vho-E.M. Vhutshiloho dzumbamaho ha zwimange. Harpercollins.</ref> Tshimange ndi tshiṅwe tsha zwipuka wine a zwi vhuyi zwa dina na khathihi, tshi na lufuno nga kha vhathu vhare na lufuno na tsho.<ref>Tod, K (2018). Dziṋowa, zwimange, na ḓivhazwakale ya zwipika zwi funaho vhuganḓisi ha Bloomsbury.</ref> [[File:Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg|thumb|285x285px|Tshimange]] Musi ḓuvha ḽi tshi kovhela tshi a humela hune tsha dzula hone, tshi a humela murahu hangei hu ne dzi nguvho dza tsho dza dzula hone. Tshi ya ita tshi tshi ṱavha mukosi musi tsho fushea na hone tshi tshi kho u humela u edela. VHanwe vha vhathu vhaya mangadzwa nga vhukoni ha Tshimange ha u linganyisela u tamba na u dzika, zwine zwa ita uri tshi vhe muraḓo wa muṱa une wa dzhielwa nṱha. Vhu muthu ha Tshimange vhu sa pfali na zwithu zwine zwa takadza zwo khwaṱhisa vhuimo ha tsho sa khonani i funiwaho, zwa ḓisa dakalo na vhududo kha vha ne vha vha tsini na tsho.<ref>Vha-Terner, Vho-D.C. , na Vho-p. Tahimange tsha hayani: Biolodzhi ya vhuḓifari. Vhugaḓisi ha yunivesithi ya Cambridge.</ref> == Zwidodombedzwa == <references /> == __LEAD_SECTION__ == '''Tshitangoni''' ( '''''Felis catus''''' ), tshine tsha dovha tsha vhidziwa upfi tshimange tsha '''hayani''' na tshamange tsha '''nḓuni''', ndi tshipuka tshiṱuku tshine tsha ḽa ṋama . Ndi tshipuka tshine tsha ḽa ṋama, tshine tsha ṱoḓa zwiḽiwa zwine zwo ḓisendekanya kha ṋama. Nala dza zwimangane dzine zwo dowela udzi bvisa dzo ḓowela u vhulaha zwipondwa zwiṱuku zwine zwo fana na mbevha. Zwina muvhili wo khwaṱhaho, une wa tendelana na zwiimo, zwia ṱavhanya u fhindula, na maṋo a hone aya ṱhavha, nahone u vhona zwo vhusiku na u nukha zwo bveledzwa zwavhuḓi. Ndi zwa lushaka lwa matshilisano, zwa dovha zwa vha zwipuka zwau zwima zwa dovha zwavha tshipondwa tshine tsha ḽa zwiḽiwa nga madekwana .Vhudavhidzani ha zwimange vhu katela u ṱavha mukosi, na luambo lwa muvhili . Zwiyapfa mibvumo ine ai pfali kana ine ya vha nnṱha vhukuma kha nḓevhe dza vhathu, u fana na ine ya itwa nga zwipuka zwiṱuku zwine zwa mama . Zwi bvisa na u bveledza dzi pheromone . Vhuṱali ha tshimange vhu vhonala kha vhukoni hatsho ha u guda nga u sedza, na u tandulula thaidzo.Zwimange zwa tsadzi zwa hayani zwivha na zwigwada ubva [[Luṱavula|kha tshilimo]] uya mafheloni a autumn kha Chetnik hune zwa vha uri hua fhisa na kha nwaha wothe kha dzi equatorial regions, na vhuhulwane ha mathukhwi kanzhi vhu bva kha zwigwada zwivhili uya kha zwitanu. Zwimange zwa hayani ndi zwone fhedzi zwine zwiya fuwiwa nga muṱa wa Felidae . Mvelaphanḓa kha zwa archaeology na genetics zwi sumbedza uri u fuwiwa ha tshimange zwo thoma Near East nga vho 7500 .&nbsp;BCE . Ṋamusi, tshimange tsha hayani tshi wanala u mona na ḽifhasi nahone tshi dzhielwa nṱha nga vhathu nga ṅwambo wa vhukonani hatsho na vhukoni hatsho ha u vhulaha zwikhokhonono . Zwi anzela u fuwiwa sa tshifuwo tsha hayani, as tshimange tshine tsha shuma, na tshimange tsha lushaka tshine tsha sumbedzwa kha zwiitea zwa cat fancy . Kha vhane vha anganyelwa kha 600 .&nbsp;milioni dza zwimange zwa hayani shangoni ḽoṱhe, 400&nbsp;milioni Vha dzula Asia, hu tshi katelwa na vha 58 .&nbsp;miḽioni ngei [[China]] . [[United States]] i khou ranga phanḓa kha u vha na zwimange nga 73.8.&nbsp;milioni dza zwimange, ha tevhelwa nga United Kingdom ine ya vha na zwimange zwi ṱoḓaho u vha 10,9.&nbsp;milioni ya zwimange. Zwi dovha zwa tshimbila zwo vhofholowa sa zwimange zwa ḓaka, zwi tshi iledza u kwamana na vhathu. U ṱutshelwa ha zwipuka zwa hayani zwi ita uri hu vhe na u engedzea ha tshivhalo tsha zwipuka zwa ḓaka ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe, zwe zwa ita uri zwiṋoni, zwipuka zwine zwa mama, na zwikokovhi zwi fhungudzee. U langa tshivhalo zwi katela u ṱavha na u sheledza sffdxngbft34ffi6xge71ckoa1vzghx 0 6213 23455 23429 2026-09-30T15:21:18Z Teekay03 9409 23455 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Vhukunda.jpg|thumb]] “Vhukunda” ndi mabangele a siliva ane nga mvelele a ambariwa sa lukunda na milenzhe nga vhafumakadzi vha Venda sa tshiga tsha vhuimo havho ha mbingano. Tshivhalo tsha makunda ane havha ho ambariwa a amba minwaha fhedzi nga u angaredza vhafumakadzi vha ambara nnzhi kha zwanḓa na kha zwikunwane.<ref>[https://lotshaonaka.co.za/product/makunda-traditional-venda-bangles/ Makunda Traditional Venda Bangles – Lotsha Onaka]</ref> Haya maitele a mvelele dza Makunda ndi dzine dza funeswa vhukuma nahone dzi vha dzi na Aliminium (muvhala wa silivhere), Brass (muvhala wa musuku) na copper (muvhala wa musuku wa rose)! Thambo thete i vha yo ṱangana na thambo ntswu. Nga mvelele tshipiḓa tsha mavhudzi tshine tsha bva kha mutshila wa bere kana kholomo. Zwoṱhe zwo itwa nga zwanḓa ngei Venḓa hune mvelele ya bvela phanḓa na u fhiriselwa kha murafho u tevhelaho! Nga zwenezwo a si dzoṱhe dzine dza vha na vhuhulwane ho fhelelaho. Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha ṱanganya makunda nga 10-12 uri ange o fhelelaho, fhedzi vhaṅwe a vha koni u wana o eḓanaho vha sokou dzulela u ṱanganya.<ref>[https://africanpridecollection.co.za/blogs/news/venda-bangles-the-story-of-vhukunda-or-makunda Venda Bangles: The Story of Vhukunda (Makunda) – African Pride Collection]</ref> Uya nga ha divhazwakale, Vhukunda vho vha vha tshi ambariwa nga vhafumakadzi vha vha Venda u sumbedza zwipida zwa ndeme zwa vhutshilo na vhuimo ha matshilisano. Tshivhalo tsha dzi bangele dzine dza ambariwa, vhudenya hadzo, na nḓila ine dza vha dzo vhewa ngayo zwo vha zwi tshi davhidzana arali mufumakadzi a sa athu vhingwa, o vhingwa, kana e muhulwane. Tshifhingani tsha musi hu sa athu ṅwalwa rekhodo, dzenedzi bangle dzo vha dzi tshi amba zwavhuḓi—hu si na maipfi. U ambara Vhukunda ṋamusi ndi nyito ya u ḓihudza nga mvelele. I ṱanganya zwa kale na zwa zwino, mvelele na vhutshilo ha musalauno. Ndi nḓila ya u hulisa vhufa ha vhavenḓa ngeno hu tshi khou ḓifulufhela u sumbedza vhuṋe kha shango ḽa ṋamusi. Bangele dza Venda a dzi trend. Ndi ḓivhazwakale yo ambaraho kha tshanḓa—ine ya kha ḓi vha ya ndeme, i kha ḓi vha na maanḓa, i kha ḓi anetshela mafhungo. == '''Referensi''' [https://africanpridecollection.co.za/blogs/news/venda-bangles-the-story-of-vhukunda-or-makunda Venda Bangles: The Story of Vhukunda (Makunda) – African Pride Collection] == qgmzgn0ffwvn8tdtcroe4krei8q4igb 23456 23455 2026-09-30T15:21:45Z Teekay03 9409 23456 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Vhukunda.jpg|thumb]] “Vhukunda” ndi mabangele a siliva ane nga mvelele a ambariwa sa lukunda na milenzhe nga vhafumakadzi vha Venda sa tshiga tsha vhuimo havho ha mbingano. Tshivhalo tsha makunda ane havha ho ambariwa a amba minwaha fhedzi nga u angaredza vhafumakadzi vha ambara nnzhi kha zwanḓa na kha zwikunwane.<ref>[https://lotshaonaka.co.za/product/makunda-traditional-venda-bangles/ Makunda Traditional Venda Bangles – Lotsha Onaka]</ref> Haya maitele a mvelele dza Makunda ndi dzine dza funeswa vhukuma nahone dzi vha dzi na Aliminium (muvhala wa silivhere), Brass (muvhala wa musuku) na copper (muvhala wa musuku wa rose)! Thambo thete i vha yo ṱangana na thambo ntswu. Nga mvelele tshipiḓa tsha mavhudzi tshine tsha bva kha mutshila wa bere kana kholomo. Zwoṱhe zwo itwa nga zwanḓa ngei Venḓa hune mvelele ya bvela phanḓa na u fhiriselwa kha murafho u tevhelaho! Nga zwenezwo a si dzoṱhe dzine dza vha na vhuhulwane ho fhelelaho. Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha ṱanganya makunda nga 10-12 uri ange o fhelelaho, fhedzi vhaṅwe a vha koni u wana o eḓanaho vha sokou dzulela u ṱanganya.<ref>[https://africanpridecollection.co.za/blogs/news/venda-bangles-the-story-of-vhukunda-or-makunda Venda Bangles: The Story of Vhukunda (Makunda) – African Pride Collection]</ref> Uya nga ha divhazwakale, Vhukunda vho vha vha tshi ambariwa nga vhafumakadzi vha vha Venda u sumbedza zwipida zwa ndeme zwa vhutshilo na vhuimo ha matshilisano. Tshivhalo tsha dzi bangele dzine dza ambariwa, vhudenya hadzo, na nḓila ine dza vha dzo vhewa ngayo zwo vha zwi tshi davhidzana arali mufumakadzi a sa athu vhingwa, o vhingwa, kana e muhulwane. Tshifhingani tsha musi hu sa athu ṅwalwa rekhodo, dzenedzi bangle dzo vha dzi tshi amba zwavhuḓi—hu si na maipfi. U ambara Vhukunda ṋamusi ndi nyito ya u ḓihudza nga mvelele. I ṱanganya zwa kale na zwa zwino, mvelele na vhutshilo ha musalauno. Ndi nḓila ya u hulisa vhufa ha vhavenḓa ngeno hu tshi khou ḓifulufhela u sumbedza vhuṋe kha shango ḽa ṋamusi. Bangele dza Venda a dzi trend. Ndi ḓivhazwakale yo ambaraho kha tshanḓa—ine ya kha ḓi vha ya ndeme, i kha ḓi vha na maanḓa, i kha ḓi anetshela mafhungo. == '''Referensi''' == ins69x0l2lk5um1ds4ayp9notj561mx 2 6214 23442 2026-09-30T12:10:13Z Una maanda 9394 i wrote a title 23442 wikitext text/x-wiki Ndou. h5mqinzqjurvk0499762nmteeq7xubu 23443 23442 2026-09-30T12:50:08Z Una maanda 9394 i edited 23443 wikitext text/x-wiki Ndou. '''Nḓou''' ndi zwipuka zwihulwanesa zwa mavuni kha ḽifhasi. Vhuhulu hazwo, tshivhumbeo tsho khetheaho, vhuṱali na vhushaka ho khwaṱhaho ha muṱa zwo mangadza na u ṱuṱuwedza vhathu kha maḓana oṱhe a miṅwaha. Kha dzi ngano nnzhi na vhurereli nḓou yo no vha tshivhumbeo tsha pfanyisedzo, zwi vhonala kha zwifanyiso zwi sa vhalei, zwifanyiso zwo vhaḓiwaho na zwifanyiso kha ḓivhazwakale yoṱhe.<ref>https://www.elephantconservationcenter.com/elephant-facts/</ref> [[File:Indian elephant in Kaziranga National Park March 2025 by Tisha Mukherjee 04.jpg|thumb|Nḓou]] Hu humbulelwa uri nḓou dzo thoma miṅwahani i ṱoḓaho u vha 55 miḽioni yo fhiraho, kha dzithavha dza tshipembe ha Afrika. Ho vha na matavhi manzhi a u bvelela ubva kha makhulukuku hoyu nahone hu tendiwa uri tshaka dzine dza fhira 300 dzo fhambanaho dza zwipuka zwine zwa vha na dzi trunk dzo vha dzi tshi tshimbila kha shango. Namusi, ndi dzi nḓou fhedzi dzine dza kha ḓi tshila – dza Afrika na dza Asia.<ref>https://elephantconservation.org/about-elephants/25-things-to-know/</ref> Nga 1971, ho vha hu tshi humbulelwa uri hu na tshaka ṱhanu ṱhukhu dza nḓou dza [[Afurika|Afurika.]] Zwivhili kha hezwi ho vha hu nḓou ya savanna (Loxodonta africana africana, ine ya wanala devhula na vhubvaḓuvha ha Afrika) na nḓou ya maḓakani (Loxodonta africana cyclotis, ine ya wanala vhukati ha Afrika). Fhedzi dzi ngudo dza zwino dza dzi genetic dzo sumbedza uri hezwi zwivhili zwa vhukuma zwo fhambana nga dzi genetic zwino zwi ya divhea sa Loxodonta africana na Loxodonta cyclotis. Nga 2002, ngudo dza dzi genetic dza sampuli dza dung ubva kha shango lothe la Afrika dzo sumbedza uri hu nga vha na lushaka lutuku lwa vhuraru kana na lushaka lwo fhambanaho, lu tshila kha u tanganiswa ha maḓaka na fhethu hune ha vha uri ho ḓala savanna, zwine zwa wanala fhedzi kha ḽa West Africa.<ref>https://www.ifaw.org/international/journal/elephant-facts-statistics</ref> Nḓou dza ḓakani ndi ṱhukhu vhukuma u fhira zwivhumbeo zwa savanna. Adzi tou fhira 2.5 m, musi dzi tshi vhambedzwa na vhulapfu ha 3.5 – 4 m. Dzi dovha hafhu dza vha na marambo malapfu ane avha uri o ṱanḓavhuwela kha ṱhoho, maņanga malapfu, dzine dza vha uri dzo sekena na dzine dza vha uri dzo linganela, nḓevhe ṱhukhu na dzine dza vha uri dzo linganela, dzingu ḽa phanḓa ḽo linganelaho na tshivhalo tshihulwane tsha zwithu zwine zwa nga zwikunwane kha milenzhe yadzo.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/animal/elephant-mammal</ref> == Referentsi == <references /> 1z9ad2jal9ndvtlt52sgbtbvb5dp2ww 2 6215 23446 2026-09-30T13:12:42Z Una maanda 9394 Created page with "Dzina langa ndi Una maanda Nndu Nndu dzo wanalaho nga kha thengiselano dza dzitshaka dzi dzula kha mahaḓa a vhutshilo ha ḓuvha na ḓuvha ha hayani na maanḓa a ikonomi a pfukaho mikano. Dzi ya ṋetshedza vhudzulo na fhethu ha vhushaka ha muṱa na matshilisano ngeno nga tshifhinga tshithihi dzi tshi khou shuma sa thundu dza masheleni dzine dza nga livhuwa, u bveledza mbuelo ya rennde, kana u tikedza u pulana lupfumo lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu. Kha maṅwe mavundu,..." 23446 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una maanda Nndu Nndu dzo wanalaho nga kha thengiselano dza dzitshaka dzi dzula kha mahaḓa a vhutshilo ha ḓuvha na ḓuvha ha hayani na maanḓa a ikonomi a pfukaho mikano. Dzi ya ṋetshedza vhudzulo na fhethu ha vhushaka ha muṱa na matshilisano ngeno nga tshifhinga tshithihi dzi tshi khou shuma sa thundu dza masheleni dzine dza nga livhuwa, u bveledza mbuelo ya rennde, kana u tikedza u pulana lupfumo lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu. Kha maṅwe mavundu, vhuṋe ha vhudzulo ho raloho vhu dovha ha dzheniswa kha vhudzulo-nga-vhubindudzi na mihanga i fanaho, zwine zwa tendela vhabindudzi na miṱa ine ya khou pfulutshela u fusha zwipikwa zwa ndaulo nga kha u renga dzinnḓu. Nyaluwo ya tshipiḓa itshi yo leludzwa nga vhuṱumani ho khwiniswaho ha vhuendi, u engedzwa ha vhuendelamashango, u vhofhololwa ha u elela ha khaphithaḽa, na u gonya ha pulatifomo dza didzhithala dzine dza bvisela khagala vharengi vha nnḓa kha u ṅwaliswa ha zwithu ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe. I dovha ya tikedzwa nga nethiweke dza vhaḓivhi—vhaḓivhi vha mulayo, vhaṅwali vha mulayo, vhaṱoli, zwiimiswa zwa masheleni, vhaimeleli vha dzinnḓu, na mafemu o khetheaho a nyeletshedzo ya mikano yo fhambanaho a ngaho Spot Blue International Property Ltd—ane a ṱalutshedza sisiṱeme dzapo kha vharengi vha si vhadzulapo. Nga kha dzenedzi nḓila, nnḓu dzo no vha nḓila dzine ngadzo vhathu na miṱa vha ṱumanya zwipikwa zwa muthu nga eṱhe na dzingu ḽa dzitshaka. Kha nyimele ya thengiso ya thundu dza dzitshaka, nnḓu ndi zwifhaṱo zwa vhudzulo zwa muṱa muthihi kana zwiṅwe zwifhaṱo zwine zwa ḓilanga zwo wanalaho nga vhathu kana zwiimiswa zwine vhudzulo hazwo ha ndeme, vhudzulo ha muthelo, kana vhudzulapo hazwo ha vha nnḓa ha vhupo hune thundu ya vha hone. U renga uhu ho fhambana na u renga ha hayani ngauri vharengi vha tea u tshimbila kha mihangaro ya mulayo i songo ḓoweleaho, mivhuso ya vhudzulo, milayo ya muthelo, zwivhumbeo zwa masheleni, na maitele a vhulanguli, kanzhi nga luambo lwa vhuvhili kana lwa vhuraru. Vha dovha vha sedzana na khaedu dzi tshimbilelanaho na vhukule malugana na u ṱoḓisisa ho teaho, vhulanguli, na u pulana lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu. U rengiselana ho raloho hu itea fhethu ho fhamba-fhambanaho, u bva kha zwiṱiriki zwa ḓorobo khulwane na vhupo ha vhaendela-mashango u swika fhethu ha vhupo ha mahayani, fhethu ha u ḓimvumvusa ha vhupo ha lwanzheni, na zwitshavha zwa zwiṱangadzimeni. Vharengi vha katela miṱa ine ya khou pfulutshela huṅwe, vhashumisi vha mahaya a holodei, vhabindudzi vha tshifhinga tshilapfu, na vhathu vhane vha khou ṱoḓa u wana mbuelo dza vhudzulo kana dza u tshimbila nga nnḓa ha nnḓu. U vha hone ha vharengi vha si vhadzulapo zwi nga ṋetshedza khaphithaḽa, u tikedza mushumo wa u fhaṱa, na u bveledza ikonomi dza tshumelo dzapo, ngeno zwi tshi dovha zwa shela mulenzhe kha khanedzano nga ha u kona u renga, u shumiswa ha mavu, na vhuvhumbi ha tshitshavha. U ṱanganya na mutheo wa muhumbulo . Nnḓu ndi mini kha vhuimo uhu? Nnḓu i pfeseswa nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho sa tshifhaṱo kana tshipiḓa tsha tshifhaṱo tsho itelwaho u ṋetshedza vhudzulo vhu ḓiimisaho nga hoṱhe ha muṱa muthihi. Kanzhi i katela fhethu ha u eḓela, zwishumiswa zwa vhuḓifari, fhethu ha u bika, na kamara dza u awela, nahone i ṱumana nga ho livhaho kana nga nḓila i songo livhaho na nethiweke dzine dza ṋetshedza maḓi, fulufulu, na u laṱa mathukhwi. Kha mavundu manzhi, nnḓu dzi fhambanywa na dzifulethe, dzifulethe, na dziṅwe ndugiselelo dza yuniti nnzhi nga nḓila ine dza fhambana ngayo na vhudzulo ha tsini na nga nḓila ine mavu a phaḓaladzwa ngayo na u vha na vhuṋe. Kha thengiselano dza mikano yo fhambanaho, muhumbulo u fhira zwivhumbeo zwa muvhili u katela tshiimo tsha mulayo na tsha masheleni tsha thundu. Nnḓu i vha tshithu tshine tsha fhira tshaka dzoṱhe musi i tshi waniwa kana u vha ya murengi a si mudzulapo kana wa nnḓa, zwi tshi i vhea fhasi ha sisiṱeme mbili kana u fhira dza mulayo nga tshifhinga tshithihi: ya shango ḽine ḽa vha ṋemuḓi hune tshifhaṱo tsha ima hone na ya shango ḽa hayani hune muṋe wayo a dzula kana u dzula hone. Vhuimo uvhu vhuvhili vhu kwama pfanelo, vhuḓifhinduleli, na khombo nga nḓila dzo fhambanaho na vhuṋe ha hayani fhedzi. kgz9r381k54x701c6zqwzhgaqhbz6dn 23490 23446 2026-09-30T22:17:16Z Una maanda 9394 i edited 23490 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una maanda == Nnḓu == Nnḓu dzi wanalaho nga kha thengiselano dza dzitshaka dzi dzula kha mahaḓa a vhutshilo ha ḓuvha na ḓuvha ha hayani na maanḓa a ikonomi a pfukaho mikano. Dzi ya ṋetshedza vhudzulo na fhethu ha vhushaka ha muṱa na matshilisano ngeno nga tshifhinga tshithihi dzi tshi khou shuma sa thundu dza masheleni dzine dza nga livhuwa, u bveledza mbuelo ya rennde, kana u tikedza u pulana lupfumo lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu. Kha maṅwe mavundu, vhuṋe ha vhudzulo ho raloho vhu dovha ha dzheniswa kha vhudzulo-nga-vhubindudzi na mihanga i fanaho, zwine zwa tendela vhabindudzi na miṱa ine ya khou pfulutshela u fusha zwipikwa zwa ndaulo nga kha u renga dzinnḓu.[[:en:House|1]] Nyaluwo ya tshipiḓa itshi yo leludzwa nga vhuṱumani ho khwiniswaho ha vhuendi, u engedzwa ha vhuendelamashango, u vhofhololwa ha u elela ha khaphithaḽa, na u gonya ha pulatifomo dza didzhithala dzine dza bvisela khagala vharengi vha nnḓa kha u ṅwaliswa ha zwithu ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe. I dovha ya tikedzwa nga nethiweke dza vhaḓivhi—vhaḓivhi vha mulayo, vhaṅwali vha mulayo, vhaṱoli, zwiimiswa zwa masheleni, vhaimeleli vha dzinnḓu, na mafemu o khetheaho a nyeletshedzo ya mikano yo fhambanaho a ngaho Spot Blue International Property Ltd—ane a ṱalutshedza sisiṱeme dzapo kha vharengi vha si vhadzulapo. Nga kha dzenedzi nḓila, nnḓu dzo no vha nḓila dzine ngadzo vhathu na miṱa vha ṱumanya zwipikwa zwa muthu nga eṱhe na dzingu ḽa dzitshaka.[https://www.britannica.com/technology/house-dwelling 2] [[File:Beautiful House 2.jpg|thumb|Nnḓu]] Kha nyimele ya thengiso ya thundu dza dzitshaka, nnḓu ndi zwifhaṱo zwa vhudzulo zwa muṱa muthihi kana zwiṅwe zwifhaṱo zwine zwa ḓilanga zwo wanalaho nga vhathu kana zwiimiswa zwine vhudzulo hazwo ha ndeme, vhudzulo ha muthelo, kana vhudzulapo hazwo ha vha nnḓa ha vhupo hune thundu ya vha hone. U renga uhu ho fhambana na u renga ha hayani ngauri vharengi vha tea u tshimbila kha mihangaro ya mulayo i songo ḓoweleaho, mivhuso ya vhudzulo, milayo ya muthelo, zwivhumbeo zwa masheleni, na maitele a vhulanguli, kanzhi nga luambo lwa vhuvhili kana lwa vhuraru. Vha dovha vha sedzana na khaedu dzi tshimbilelanaho na vhukule malugana na u ṱoḓisisa ho teaho, vhulanguli, na u pulana lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/House 3] U rengiselana ho raloho hu itea fhethu ho fhamba-fhambanaho, u bva kha zwiṱiriki zwa ḓorobo khulwane na vhupo ha vhaendela-mashango u swika fhethu ha vhupo ha mahayani, fhethu ha u ḓimvumvusa ha vhupo ha lwanzheni, na zwitshavha zwa zwiṱangadzimeni. Vharengi vha katela miṱa ine ya khou pfulutshela huṅwe, vhashumisi vha mahaya a holodei, vhabindudzi vha tshifhinga tshilapfu, na vhathu vhane vha khou ṱoḓa u wana mbuelo dza vhudzulo kana dza u tshimbila nga nnḓa ha nnḓu. U vha hone ha vharengi vha si vhadzulapo zwi nga ṋetshedza khaphithaḽa, u tikedza mushumo wa u fhaṱa, na u bveledza ikonomi dza tshumelo dzapo, ngeno zwi tshi dovha zwa shela mulenzhe kha khanedzano nga ha u kona u renga, u shumiswa ha mavu, na vhuvhumbi ha tshitshavha.[[:en:Home|4]] U ṱanganya na mutheo wa muhumbulo . Nnḓu ndi mini kha vhuimo uhu? Nnḓu i pfeseswa nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho sa tshifhaṱo kana tshipiḓa tsha tshifhaṱo tsho itelwaho u ṋetshedza vhudzulo vhu ḓiimisaho nga hoṱhe ha muṱa muthihi. Kanzhi i katela fhethu ha u eḓela, zwishumiswa zwa vhuḓifari, fhethu ha u bika, na kamara dza u awela, nahone i ṱumana nga ho livhaho kana nga nḓila i songo livhaho na nethiweke dzine dza ṋetshedza maḓi, fulufulu, na u laṱa mathukhwi. Kha mavundu manzhi, nnḓu dzi fhambanywa na dzifulethe, dzifulethe, na dziṅwe ndugiselelo dza yuniti nnzhi nga nḓila ine dza fhambana ngayo na vhudzulo ha tsini na nga nḓila ine mavu a phaḓaladzwa ngayo na u vha na vhuṋe.[https://www.spotblue.com/wiki/house/ 5] Kha thengiselano dza mikano yo fhambanaho, muhumbulo u fhira zwivhumbeo zwa muvhili u katela tshiimo tsha mulayo na tsha masheleni tsha thundu. Nnḓu i vha tshithu tshine tsha fhira tshaka dzoṱhe musi i tshi waniwa kana u vha ya murengi a si mudzulapo kana wa nnḓa, zwi tshi i vhea fhasi ha sisiṱeme mbili kana u fhira dza mulayo nga tshifhinga tshithihi: ya shango ḽine ḽa vha ṋemuḓi hune tshifhaṱo tsha ima hone na ya shango ḽa hayani hune muṋe wayo a dzula kana u dzula hone. Vhuimo uvhu vhuvhili vhu kwama pfanelo, vhuḓifhinduleli, na khombo nga nḓila dzo fhambanaho na vhuṋe ha hayani fhedzi.[https://www.standardbank.co.za/southafrica/personal/learn/A-guide-and-step-by-step-checklist-for-buying-your-first-house 6] 7u5jetcrnbqm28j4qj5ht31fbcys1gj 0 6216 23447 2026-09-30T13:55:26Z Teekay03 9409 Created page with "Ha-mutsha ndi muvhundu wa vhupo ha mahayani une wa wanala kha Masipala Wapo wa Makhado nga ngomu ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Vhembe tsha Vunḓu ḽa Limpopo, Afrika Tshipembe, une wa wanala nnḓa ha Thohoyandou. U ṱaluswa vhukuma nga biome ya savanna na mavu a nṱha a vumba a henefho, ane a vha mafhungo a ngudo dza mupo wapo na u ṱangana na miḓalo. Muvhundu u shumelwa nga zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso zwapo zwine zwa shuma fhasi ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Pfunzo tsha Vhembe Vhukov..." 23447 wikitext text/x-wiki Ha-mutsha ndi muvhundu wa vhupo ha mahayani une wa wanala kha Masipala Wapo wa Makhado nga ngomu ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Vhembe tsha Vunḓu ḽa Limpopo, Afrika Tshipembe, une wa wanala nnḓa ha Thohoyandou. U ṱaluswa vhukuma nga biome ya savanna na mavu a nṱha a vumba a henefho, ane a vha mafhungo a ngudo dza mupo wapo na u ṱangana na miḓalo. Muvhundu u shumelwa nga zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso zwapo zwine zwa shuma fhasi ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Pfunzo tsha Vhembe Vhukovhela. Dzi khethekanywa sa zwikolo zwine zwa tikedzwa nga muvhuso "zwi si na mbadelo. Tshikurukuru ndi tshikolo tsha phuraimari tsha nnyi na nnyi (Gireidi R–7) tshi wanala Hamutsha, Hamutsha, Limpopo, Afurika Tshipembe. Zwa zwino i ṅwalisa vhagudi vha 602 nahone i na vhashumi vha vhagudisi vha 17 (nḓisedzo ya mugudi kha mugudisi i ṱoḓaho u vha 35:1), nahone yo khethekanywa lwa tshiofisi sa tshikolo tshi sa badelwiho fhasi ha Q2. Tshi wela kha tshitiriki tsha pfunzo tsha Vhembe West. Nndamuleleni ndi tshikolo tsha sekondari tsha muvhuso tshi re Hamutsha, tshi re ngomu ha tshiṱiriki tsha pfunzo tsha Vhembe Vhukovhela vunḓuni ḽa Limpopo. EMIS i tshi rekhoda sa tshikolo tsha vhukati tshi re na vhagudiswa vho ṅwaliswaho vha 921 na vhagudisi vha 26, zwine zwa ṋea nḓisedzo ya mugudi kha mugudisi ya 35:1. Vhupo uhu vhu wela fhasi ha Tshitshavha tsha Mvelele tsha Hamutsha, nga ḓivhazwakale ho vhofhekana na lushaka lwa Vhalaudzi. Vhurangaphanḓa ha nṱha ho katela na Murangaphanḓa Muhulwane wa Sialala Vho ​​Mugivhi Mutheiwana Joseph. Mavundu a ṱhoho ṱhukhu dzapo (u fana na Hamutsha-Khwekhwe) a langiwa thwii nga vhahulwane vhapo (Vhamusanda), sa Vhamusanda Azwifhulufhedzi William Mulaudzi. Vharangaphanḓa avha vha mvelele vha na mushumo wa maanḓa kha u kuvhanganya tshitshavha, u tandulula dzikhakhathi, na u kovhekanywa ha mavu nga mvelele . == Referensi == 6jid3j12vm8x9a155cdzrtqgwizj68t 23448 23447 2026-09-30T14:13:45Z Teekay03 9409 23448 wikitext text/x-wiki Ha-mutsha ndi muvhundu wa vhupo ha mahayani une wa wanala kha Masipala Wapo wa Makhado nga ngomu ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Vhembe tsha Vunḓu ḽa Limpopo, Afrika Tshipembe, une wa wanala nnḓa ha Thohoyandou. U ṱaluswa vhukuma nga biome ya savanna na mavu a nṱha a vumba a henefho, ane a vha mafhungo a ngudo dza mupo wapo na u ṱangana na miḓalo. Muvhundu u shumelwa nga zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso zwapo zwine zwa shuma fhasi ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Pfunzo tsha Vhembe Vhukovhela. Dzi khethekanywa sa zwikolo zwine zwa tikedzwa nga muvhuso "zwi si na mbadelo. Tshikurukuru ndi tshikolo tsha phuraimari tsha nnyi na nnyi (Gireidi R–7) tshi wanala Hamutsha, Hamutsha, Limpopo, Afurika Tshipembe. Zwa zwino i ṅwalisa vhagudi vha 602 nahone i na vhashumi vha vhagudisi vha 17 (nḓisedzo ya mugudi kha mugudisi i ṱoḓaho u vha 35:1), nahone yo khethekanywa lwa tshiofisi sa tshikolo tshi sa badelwiho fhasi ha Q2. Tshi wela kha tshitiriki tsha pfunzo tsha Vhembe West.<ref>https://www.schoolrank.co.za/limpopo/tshikurukuru-2</ref> Nndamuleleni ndi tshikolo tsha sekondari tsha muvhuso tshi re Hamutsha, tshi re ngomu ha tshiṱiriki tsha pfunzo tsha Vhembe Vhukovhela vunḓuni ḽa Limpopo. EMIS i tshi rekhoda sa tshikolo tsha vhukati tshi re na vhagudiswa vho ṅwaliswaho vha 921 na vhagudisi vha 26, zwine zwa ṋea nḓisedzo ya mugudi kha mugudisi ya 35:1.<ref>https://schoolseek.co.za/school/nndamuleleni-930320759/</ref> Vhupo uhu vhu wela fhasi ha Tshitshavha tsha Mvelele tsha Hamutsha, nga ḓivhazwakale ho vhofhekana na lushaka lwa Vhalaudzi. Vhurangaphanḓa ha nṱha ho katela na Murangaphanḓa Muhulwane wa Sialala Vho ​​Mugivhi Mutheiwana Joseph. Mavundu a ṱhoho ṱhukhu dzapo (u fana na Hamutsha-Khwekhwe) a langiwa thwii nga vhahulwane vhapo (Vhamusanda), sa Vhamusanda Azwifhulufhedzi William Mulaudzi. Vharangaphanḓa avha vha mvelele vha na mushumo wa maanḓa kha u kuvhanganya tshitshavha, u tandulula dzikhakhathi, na u kovhekanywa ha mavu nga mvelele.<ref>https://zoutnet.co.za/articles/news/61715/2025-01-11/clean-water-at-last-for-khwekhwe-villagers</ref> = Referensi = 1.https://www.schoolrank.co.za/limpopo/tshikurukuru-2 2.https://schoolseek.co.za/school/nndamuleleni-930320759/ 3.https://zoutnet.co.za/articles/news/61715/2025-01-11/clean-water-at-last-for-khwekhwe-villagers rmrf3xgn2h38fvo4mwz2cvvfbewadla 23452 23448 2026-09-30T14:40:51Z Teekay03 9409 23452 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of Limpopo with Vhembe highlighted (2016).svg|thumb]] Ha-mutsha ndi muvhundu wa vhupo ha mahayani une wa wanala kha Masipala Wapo wa Makhado nga ngomu ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Vhembe tsha Vunḓu ḽa Limpopo, Afrika Tshipembe, une wa wanala nnḓa ha Thohoyandou. U ṱaluswa vhukuma nga biome ya savanna na mavu a nṱha a vumba a henefho, ane a vha mafhungo a ngudo dza mupo wapo na u ṱangana na miḓalo. Muvhundu u shumelwa nga zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso zwapo zwine zwa shuma fhasi ha Tshiṱiriki tsha Pfunzo tsha Vhembe Vhukovhela. Dzi khethekanywa sa zwikolo zwine zwa tikedzwa nga muvhuso "zwi si na mbadelo. Tshikurukuru ndi tshikolo tsha phuraimari tsha nnyi na nnyi (Gireidi R–7) tshi wanala Hamutsha, Hamutsha, Limpopo, Afurika Tshipembe. Zwa zwino i ṅwalisa vhagudi vha 602 nahone i na vhashumi vha vhagudisi vha 17 (nḓisedzo ya mugudi kha mugudisi i ṱoḓaho u vha 35:1), nahone yo khethekanywa lwa tshiofisi sa tshikolo tshi sa badelwiho fhasi ha Q2. Tshi wela kha tshitiriki tsha pfunzo tsha Vhembe West.<ref>https://www.schoolrank.co.za/limpopo/tshikurukuru-2</ref> Nndamuleleni ndi tshikolo tsha sekondari tsha muvhuso tshi re Hamutsha, tshi re ngomu ha tshiṱiriki tsha pfunzo tsha Vhembe Vhukovhela vunḓuni ḽa Limpopo. EMIS i tshi rekhoda sa tshikolo tsha vhukati tshi re na vhagudiswa vho ṅwaliswaho vha 921 na vhagudisi vha 26, zwine zwa ṋea nḓisedzo ya mugudi kha mugudisi ya 35:1.<ref>https://schoolseek.co.za/school/nndamuleleni-930320759/</ref> Vhupo uhu vhu wela fhasi ha Tshitshavha tsha Mvelele tsha Hamutsha, nga ḓivhazwakale ho vhofhekana na lushaka lwa Vhalaudzi. Vhurangaphanḓa ha nṱha ho katela na Murangaphanḓa Muhulwane wa Sialala Vho ​​Mugivhi Mutheiwana Joseph. Mavundu a ṱhoho ṱhukhu dzapo (u fana na Hamutsha-Khwekhwe) a langiwa thwii nga vhahulwane vhapo (Vhamusanda), sa Vhamusanda Azwifhulufhedzi William Mulaudzi. Vharangaphanḓa avha vha mvelele vha na mushumo wa maanḓa kha u kuvhanganya tshitshavha, u tandulula dzikhakhathi, na u kovhekanywa ha mavu nga mvelele.<ref>https://zoutnet.co.za/articles/news/61715/2025-01-11/clean-water-at-last-for-khwekhwe-villagers</ref> = Referensi = o37k110rsgipsmtjxbq8qpjkeenpm50 0 6217 23451 2026-09-30T14:37:58Z Teekay03 9409 Created page with "[[File:Map of KwaZulu-Natal with Jozini highlighted (2011).svg|thumb]] UMhlabuyalingana ndi masipala wapo une vhunzhi ha vhathu vha mahayani une wa wanala kha khona ya devhula vhubvaḓuvha ha KwaZulu-Natal, Afrika Tshipembe, tsini na mukano na Mozambique. Vha nga guda zwo engedzeaho kha portal ya tshiofisi ya Masipala Wapo wa Umhlabuyalingana.<ref>https://umhlabuyalingana.gov.za</ref> Masipala wa Umhlabuyalingana u wanala kha tshipiḓa tsha Devhula Vhubvaḓuvha ha Kw..." 23451 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of KwaZulu-Natal with Jozini highlighted (2011).svg|thumb]] UMhlabuyalingana ndi masipala wapo une vhunzhi ha vhathu vha mahayani une wa wanala kha khona ya devhula vhubvaḓuvha ha KwaZulu-Natal, Afrika Tshipembe, tsini na mukano na Mozambique. Vha nga guda zwo engedzeaho kha portal ya tshiofisi ya Masipala Wapo wa Umhlabuyalingana.<ref>https://umhlabuyalingana.gov.za</ref> Masipala wa Umhlabuyalingana u wanala kha tshipiḓa tsha Devhula Vhubvaḓuvha ha KwaZulu-Natal. Masipala u na vhuhulwane ha 3621 km2 na vhadzulapo vha ṱoḓaho u vha 191 660, na vhuhulwane ha muṱa ha avhareji ha vhathu vha 5,5 kha muṱa muthihi, u ya nga tsedzuluso ya Tshitshavha ya Statistics Africa Tshipembe 2022. Masipala ndi muṅwe wa mimasipala miṋa ine ya vhumba Masipala wa tshiṱiriki tsha Umkhanyakude.<ref name=":1">https://www.gov.za/about-government/contact-directory/kzn-municipalities/umhlabuyalingana-local-municipality</ref> Ḽo ṱangana na Mozambique devhula, lwanzhe lwa India vhubvaḓuvha, Jozini vhukovhela, na Big Five False Bay devhula.Hune ha swika 60% ya mavu a fhasi ha vhuṋe ha vhavhusi vha mvelele, ngeno zwo salaho zwi tshi katela fhethu hune ha vha uri ho tsireledziwa na mabulasi a zwa vhubindudzi .Ikonomi yapo yo ḓitika nga maanḓa nga tshumelo dza tshitshavha, mishumo ya muvhuso, mbambadzo ya zwirengiswa, na vhuendelamashango. Vha nga dovha vha vhona zwidodombedzwa zwa ndaulo ya tshiofisi nga kha Ndaela ya Vhukwamani ya Muvhuso wa Afrika Tshipembe.<ref name=":1" /> [[File:Map of KwaZulu-Natal with Umhlabuyalingana highlighted (2006).svg|thumb|umhlabuyalingana highlighted]] = Referensi = 29p27xotj4ltkvegr32uf5vgqsfufy2 0 6218 23454 2026-09-30T15:08:31Z Teekay03 9409 Created page with "Thavhani Mall ndi senthara ya mavhengele ya dzingu ya musalauno ya nṱhesa, yo ṱanganedzwaho ya nṱhesa ine ya wanala Thohoyandou, Limpopo. I shuma sa habu ya vhubindudzi ine ya vha na vhathu vhanzhi, yo kunaho vhukuma kha dzingu, i ṋetshedzaho mvangano yo fhambanaho ya makethe khulwane dza mavhengele a Afrika Tshipembe, khetho dza zwiḽiwa, na zwishumiswa zwa muṱa.I vha na ṱhanganyelo yavhuḓi ya vhaanḓadzi vha zwiḽiwa, mavhengele a fesheni, tshumelo dza..." 23454 wikitext text/x-wiki Thavhani Mall ndi senthara ya mavhengele ya dzingu ya musalauno ya nṱhesa, yo ṱanganedzwaho ya nṱhesa ine ya wanala Thohoyandou, Limpopo. I shuma sa habu ya vhubindudzi ine ya vha na vhathu vhanzhi, yo kunaho vhukuma kha dzingu, i ṋetshedzaho mvangano yo fhambanaho ya makethe khulwane dza mavhengele a Afrika Tshipembe, khetho dza zwiḽiwa, na zwishumiswa zwa muṱa.I vha na ṱhanganyelo yavhuḓi ya vhaanḓadzi vha zwiḽiwa, mavhengele a fesheni, tshumelo dza ndeme, na dzirestuarente dzo ḓoweleaho dzo teaho u bva ha muṱa.<ref>https://www.google.com/searchviewer/10?svid=CAwSHRIbCgNwdnESFENnMHZaeTh4TVhGd09YSm1lWFpyGAo</ref> Arali ni tshi khou dzudzanya u dalela awara dza u shuma ndi dzi tevhelaho: • Musumbuluwo u swika Ḽavhuṋa & Mugivhela: 09:00 – 18:00 • Ḽavhuṱanu: 09:00 – 19:00 (awara dzo engedzwaho dza u rengisa) • Swondaha: 09:00 – 17:00<ref>https://www.google.com/searchviewer/10?svid=CAwSHRIbCgNwdnESFENnMHZaeTh4TVhGd09YSm1lWFpyGAo</ref> Thavhani Mall yo vula miṋango yayo lwa tshiofisi nga ḽa 24 Ṱhafamuhwe 2017. Mveledziso ya zwiṱoḓea zwivhili i ṱoḓaho u vha R1 biḽioni, 50,000 m2 yo vha phurojeke ya tshumisano vhukati ha ramabindu wapo Khosi Ramovha wa Thavhani Property Investments, Flanagan & Gerard Property Development and Investment.<ref>https://www.facebook.com/100083250756357/posts/meet-ntate-khosi-ramovha-the-owner-of-thavhani-mall-a-double-storey-black-owned-/970609695724047/</ref> Moḽo wo vha wo lavhelelwa sa vhukando hapo ho itelwaho u takusa tshitshavha. Luṱa lwa u fhaṱa na u vulwa ha mavhengele aḽo a 130+ zwo sika nga nḓila yo bvelelaho mishumo ya tshoṱhe yapo i fhiraho 1,500, zwi tshi ṱuṱuwedza zwikhala zwa ikonomi kha dzungu.<ref>https://www.vukile.co.za/property/thavhani-mall/</ref> Masipala wapo wa Thulamela wo fhirisela fhethu ha hekhithara dza 27 kha vhabveledzi vhe na tshipikwa tshihulwane tsha u engedza ḓorobo muhumbulonini. Moḽo u shuma sa tshipiḓa tsha u khwaṱhisa tsha Ḓorobo ya Thavhani—node khulwane ya mabindu yo pulaniwaho zwavhuḓi yo livhiswaho kha u thusa Thohoyandou u swikelela vhuimo ha ḓorobo ya tshiofisi. Vhupo ho tingeledzaho ho itelwa u ṱanganya phakha ya ofisi, zwiimiswa zwa ṱhogomelo ya mutakalo na pfunzo zwa phuraivethe, vharengisi vha dzigoloi, na zwishumiswa zwa mitambo u mona na moḽo.<ref>https://trendtype.com/news/new-thavhani-mall-south-africa/</ref> = Referensi = 3p0u1p8htz1m115zqtxohr1ee7qszwi 0 6219 23463 2026-09-30T19:16:50Z Gifton22 9404 nzhelele venda 23463 wikitext text/x-wiki Venda Nzhelele Nzhelele ndi fhethu ha vhuḓi kha Tshiṱiriki tsha Vhembe kha ḽa Limpopo, Afrika Tshipembe, hune ha ḓivhelwa mvelele ya hone yo pfumaho ya Venḓa, muhumbulo wo khwaṱhaho wa tshitshavha na fhethu ha mvelo ho nakaho. I vhumba tshipiḓa tsha shangohaya ḽa mvelele ya Venḓa nahone ndi haya ha zwitshavha zwe zwa vhulunga luambo lwazwo, mvelele na mvelele kha mirafho yoṱhe.<ref>https://mapcarta.com/14282910</ref> Tshinwe tsha zwithu zwine zwa vha zwa ndeme kha Nzhelele ndi u vha na mvelele yo khwathaho. Luambo lwa Tshivenḓa lwo ambiwa nga vhunzhi, ngeno maitele a sialala, muzika, mitshino, zwiḽiwa na vhuṱambo zwi tshi bvela phanḓa na u vha na mushumo wa ndeme kha vhutshilo ha tshitshavha. Miṱa na zwitshavha zwi anzela u ṱangana nga tshifhinga tsha u pembelela mvelele, mbingano na zwiṅwe zwiitea zwa ndeme, zwine zwa khwaṱhisa vhushaka vhukati ha mirafho.<ref>https://southafrica.co.za/the-diverse-origins-of-the-venda.html</ref> Nzhelele hu dovha hafhu ha tingeledziwa nga zwithu zwa vhuḓi, ho kateliwa dzi thavha, magovha, milambo na miḓi ya mahayani. Vhupo ha mvelo ha vhupo vhu shela mulenzhe kha mupo wa hone wa mulalo na u ṋea zwikhala zwa vhulimi na zwiṅwe zwivhumbeo zwa mushumo wa ikonomi yapo. Vhunzhi ha vhathu kha vhupo uhu vha ḓitika nga vhulimi, mabindu maṱuku na mishumo ya tshitshavha u itela u ḓitshidza.<ref>https://southafrica.co.za/the-diverse-origins-of-the-venda.html</ref> Naho vhunzhi ha Nzhelele hu vhupo ha mahayani, vhu bvela phanḓa na u bvelela nga kha u khwiniswa ha pfunzo, themamveledziso, mabindu na thekhinoḽodzhi. Vhaswa vha bvaho kha vhupo honoho vha khou engedzea u ṱoḓa pfunzo na zwikhala dziḓoroboni ngeno vha tshi khou vhulunga vhuṱumani ho khwaṱhaho na zwitshavha zwavho. Referensi <references /> # https://mapcarta.com/14282910 # https://mapcarta.com/14282910 az9x72t9zzfpl5lnxb1vtzzci68qf9q 0 6220 23465 2026-09-30T19:57:21Z Gifton22 9404 vhuendedzi 23465 wikitext text/x-wiki Mulaudzi Vhuendi Mulaudzi Transport ndi tshumelo ya vhuendi hapo ine ya vha na mushumo wa ndeme kha u ṱumanya vhathu nga ngomu ha zwitshavha na fhethu ho ṱanganaho nazwo. Nga u ṋetshedza zwiendedzi zwi fulufhedzeaho, bindu ḽi thusa vhanameli u ya mushumoni, tshikoloni, mavhengeleni, u tholwa na kha maṅwe madzulo a ndeme.<ref>https://mulaudzitransport.co.za/</ref> Vhuendi ndi ha ndeme nga maanḓa vhuponi ha mahayani u fana na Nzhelele, hune vhadzulapo vhanzhi vha ḓitika nga vhuendi ha tshitshavha na ha phuraivethe u itela u swikelela pfunzo, mishumo na tshumelo dza ndeme. Mulaudzi Transport i shela mulenzhe kha u ita uri nyendo idzi dzi swikelelee na uri dzi vhe dzavhuḓi kha miraḓo ya tshitshavha. Nga nnḓa ha u sokou hwala vhanameli u bva kha vhuṅwe vhupo u ya kha vhuṅwe, Mulaudzi Transport i vhumba tshipiḓa tsha vhutshilo ha ḓuvha na ḓuvha ha tshitshavha. I thusa miṱa, matshudeni, vhashumi na vhaṅwe vhadzulapo u tshimbila vhukati ha miḓi na ḓorobo khulwane, u tikedza mishumo yavho ya ḓuvha na ḓuvha na zwikhala.<ref>https://mulaudzitransport.co.za/</ref> Tshumelo ya vhuendi i fulufhedzeaho i ṱoḓa vhuḓifhinduleli, u fara tshifhinga na u ḓikumedzela ho khwaṱhaho kha tsireledzo ya vhanameli. Nga kha tshumelo dzayo, Mulaudzi Transport i imela ndeme ya mabindu apo kha u tikedza u tshimbila na u ṱumanya zwitshavha.<ref>https://www.justgo.co.za/operators/Mulaudzi%20</ref> Mulaudzi Vhuendi ngauralo a vhu sokou vha nḓila ya u bva fhethu huthihi u ya kha huṅwe. Ndi tshipiḓa tsha nethiweke ya vhuendi ine ya thusa vhathu uri vha dzule vho ṱumana na u isa phanḓa na matshilo avho a ḓuvha na ḓuvha. <references /> # https://mulaudzitransport.co.za/ lcanf5fspndcs3irm7p2fi9z2j6j02l 0 6221 23469 2026-09-30T20:42:55Z Gifton22 9404 zwikolo zwa vhembe 23469 wikitext text/x-wiki Tshikolo tsha Sekondari tsha Dzata Tshikolo tsha sekondari ya Dzata ndi tshiimiswa tsha ndeme tsha pfunzo tshi shumelaho vhagudiswa kha lushaka lwa vhavenda vunduni la Limpopo. Tshikolo tshi ṋea vhaswa tshikhala tsha u wana nḓivho, u bveledza vhukoni havho na u ḓilugisela pfunzo dza u isa phanḓa, mishumo na mishumo yavho ya matshelo.<ref name=":1">https://schoolseek.co.za/schools/limpopo/vhembe-west/</ref> Pfunzo i tamba mushumo wa ndeme kha mveledziso ya tshitshavha tshiṅwe na tshiṅwe, nahone Tshikolo tsha Sekondari tsha Dzata tshi shela mulenzhe kha mveledziso iyi nga u sika vhupo ha u guda hune vhagudi vha nga kona u tevhela zwipikwa zwavho zwa pfunzo. Tshikolo tshi ṋea vhagudi tshikhala tsha u guda thero dzo fhambanaho ngeno vha tshi khou bveledza zwilinganyo zwa ndeme zwi ngaho u ḓilaya, vhuḓifhinduleli, ṱhonifho na u konḓelela.<ref name=":1" /> Tshikolo tshi dovha tsha vha tshipiḓa tsha tshitshavha nga u angaredza nahone tshi na mushumo wa u ṱanganya miṱa, vhadededzi na vhagudi. Nga kha pfunzo na u shela mulenzhe kha mishumo ya tshikolo, vhagudi vha ṱuṱuwedzwa u tumbula vhukoni havho na u bveledza fulufhelo kha vhone vhaṋe.<ref>https://www.schoolrank.co.za/schools/limpopo/district/vhembe-west?page=1</ref> Kha vhaswa vhanzhi, tshikolo tsha sekondari ndi vhuimo ha ndeme vhutshiloni havho. Ndi tshifhinga tshine vha thoma u dzhia tsheo nga ha vhumatshelo havho na u shuma kha zwine vha zwi tama. Ngauralo Tshikolo tsha Sekondari tsha Dzata a tshi shumi sa fhethu ha u guda fhedzi, fhedzi tshi dovha tsha shuma sa mutheo wa nyaluwo na mveledziso ya vhaswa tshitshavhani.<ref name=":1" /> Nga u ḓikumedzela kha pfunzo, Tshikolo tsha Sekondari tsha Dzata tshi khou isa phanḓa na u shela mulenzhe kha mveledziso ya vhagudi na tshitshavha nga u angaredza. 1r37ui5dlad717x93hxi8cnq9krscmf 0 6222 23471 2026-09-30T20:51:06Z Gifton22 9404 dzi bola 23471 wikitext text/x-wiki Bola ya Milenzhe Bola ya milenzhe a i sokou vha mutambo kha zwitshavha zwinzhi; ndi nḓila i re na maanḓa ya u ṱanganya vhathu. Bola ya milenzhe i takalelwa nga vhathu vha miṅwaha yo fhambanaho nahone i ṋea vhaswa tshikhala tsha u bveledza vhukoni havho ngeno vha tshi dzula vho ḓiimisela.<ref name=":1">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352734204_Kasi_Football_an_Ethnography_of_South_African_Rural_Working-Class_Football_Traditions</ref> Kha vhatambi vhaṱuku, bola ya milenzhe i nga thusa u bveledza pfaneleo dza ndeme dzi ngaho u ḓilaya, u shuma sa tshigwada, u ḓikumedzela na u ḓiimisela. U gudiswa na u shela mulenzhe kha mitambo zwi gudisa vhatambi nḓila ya u shuma na vhaṅwe, u tandulula khaedu na u dzhia vhuḓifhinduleli ha mishumo yavho nga ngomu ha thimu.<ref name=":1" /> Bola ya milenzhe i dovha ya sika zwikhala zwa uri vhaswa vha sumbedze vhukoni havho na u bvela phanḓa na zwipikwa zwavho zwa mitambo. Thimu dzapo na thonamennde dza tshitshavha dzi ṋetshedza pulatifomo ine vhatambi vha re na vhukoni vha nga wana tshenzhemo na khonadzeo ya u kunga ṱhogomelo u bva kha dzikiḽaba khulwane na mbekanyamushumo dza mveledziso. Nga nnḓa ha mutambo wone uṋe, bola ya milenzhe i ṱanganya miṱa, khonani na vhatikedzi. Maḓuvha a mitambo kanzhi a sika muhumbulo wo khwaṱhaho wa tshitshavha musi vhathu vha tshi kuvhangana u tikedza thimu dzavho dzapo na u pembelela mutambo une vha u funa. Ngauralo bola ya milenzhe i tamba mushumo wa ndeme kha u ṱuṱuwedza matshilo a mutakalo, u bveledza vhukoni ha vhaswa na u khwaṱhisa vhuṱumani ha tshitshavha. U dzula u mutambo une wa ṱanganya vhathu ngeno u tshi ṋea vhaswa vhupo havhuḓi hune vha nga aluwa na u tevhela miloro yavho. dcgq4te9kw1f4i3ai2xevmub1umef85 0 6223 23473 2026-09-30T20:56:49Z Preetykay4-Rsa 9429 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340613288|Fire]]" 23473 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mulilo''' ndi u ṱavhanya ha okisidzheni ha zwivhaswa kha maitele a khemikhala dza u fhisa, dzine dza bvisa mufhiso kha think na tshedza, na zwibveledzwa zwo fhambanaho zwa mvelelo . Khakhu dzine dza Fhedzisela Hu zwipiḓa zwine zwa vhonalesa vhukuma zwa mulilo, zwi bveledzwa kha mvelelo ya u fhisa musi tshivhaswa tshi tshi swika kha thempheretsha yatsho ya fhethu hune tsha fhisa hone . Khavhu dzi bvaho kha zwivhaswa zwa haidirokhaboni dzi na khaboni daioksaidi, Khathihi na mufhiso wa maḓi, okisidzheni, na naitrodzheni. Arali zwa fhisa nga maanḓa, gese dzi nga vha na ionized u itela u bveledza plasma . Muvhala na vhuhali ha khavhu zwi bva kha lushaka lwa zwivhaswa na vhubvo ha gese dzo monaho. Mulilo, nga tshivhumbeo tshawo tsho ḓoweleaho, una khonadzeo ya u ita uri hu vhe na conflagration, zwine zwa nga ita uri hu vhe na u tshinyadzwa ha muvhili ya vhathu lwa tshoṱhe. Mulilo u kwama thwii kha sisiṱeme dza ekholodzhi dzo tewaho kha mavu ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe. Masiandoitwa ane avha avhuḓi a mulilo a katela u ṱuṱuwedza khau Aluwani ha zwimela na u ita u linganela ha ekholodzhi. Masiandoitwa ane avha mavhi a katela khombo kha vhutshilo ha vhathu na khombo kha thundu,nau tshikafhadza mupo, na tshikafhadzo ya maḓi. Musi mulilo u tshi bvisa zwimela zwine zwo tsireledzeaho mvula nnzhi dzi nga vhanga u ṱahala ha mavu . U fhisiwa ha zwimela zwi bvisa nitrogen kha mupo, azwi fani na zwinwe zwithu zwa zwimela zwine zwa nga potassium na phosphorus zwine zwa vha zwo sala kha milora zwine zwa tavhanya zwa vhuyelela kha mavu. U xelelwa kana u fhelelwa nga nitrogen zwi ita uri huvhe na u fhungudzea ha tshifhinga tshilapfu tshi uri mavu a kone u nona, naho zwi tshi nga vhuyedzedzwa nga zwimela zwine zwa ''kona u khwaṱhisa nitrogen'' zwi ngaho clover, peas, na [[Nawa|beans]] ; nga u sina ha mathukhwi a zwipuka na zwitumbu, na nga zwithu zwa mupo zwi ngaho lupenyo . Mulilo ndi tshiṅwe tsha zwithu zwiṋa zwa kale nahone u shumisiwa nga vhathu kha zwa vhulimi u itela u bvisa mavu, u bika, u bveledza mufhiso na tshedza, u itela u ṋea zwiga, ndivho dza u ṱuṱuwedza, u ṋoka, u vhumba, nau u fhisa mathukhwi. Ho itiwa kana u bveledza thekinolodzhi dzo fhambananaho na zwiṱirathedzhi zwine zwa nga thivhela, u langa, u fhungudza, na u dzima mulilo, hune vhadzimamulilo vha phurofeshinala vha vha vha tshi khou ranga phanḓa. Sa tsumbo, vhunzhi ha mulilo une wa itea Mahayani u thoma nga musi muthu atshi bika hu si na muthu, nahone na fola Ndi tshiitisi tshihulwane. Zwithu zwine zwa ṱola vhutsi na havha vha sisiṱeme dza u fafadzela zwi fhungudza vhukuma khombo i bvaho kha mulilo wa hayani. oda1g0vv5zikqcqeu7191ssbyomqja4 0 6224 23474 2026-09-30T20:57:58Z Gifton22 9404 sialala 23474 wikitext text/x-wiki mvelele ya sialala ya vha venda Mvelele ya vhavenda yo pfuma nga divhazwakale, sialala na mikhwa ya tshitshavha. Lushaka lwa Vhavenḓa lu ḓivhelwa muzika wa sialala wavhuḓi, mitshino, zwiambaro, vhutsila na ṱhonifho yo khwaṱhaho kha muṱa na vhahulwane. Luambo lwa Tshivenḓa ndi tshipiḓa tsha ndeme tsha vhuṋe havho nahone nga u ḓikukumusa lu fhiriselwa kha muṅwe murafho.<ref>https://www.southafrica.net/za/en/travel/article/venda-culture</ref> Vhuṱambo ha sialala, u anetshela zwiṱori na u pembelela mvelele zwi thusa kha u vhulunga ḓivhazwakale na maitele a tshitshavha. Vhavenda vha dovha hafhu vha dzhiela ntha vhuthihi, thonifho na u tanganedza vhaeni, zwine zwa kona u vhonala kha ndila ine mita na zwitshavha zwa tangana ngayo nga zwifhinga zwa ndeme. Nga mvelele idzi, mvelele ya Vhavenḓa i bvela phanḓa na u dzula i tshipiḓa tsha ndeme tsha vhuḓiṱalusi ha lushaka lwa Vhavenḓa na u fhiriselwa kha mirafho i ḓaho.<ref>https://www.krugerpark.co.za/africa_venda.html</ref> 4iigj90pgp1jgve37f96vp8o8654c5o 0 6225 23476 2026-09-30T21:03:48Z Gifton22 9404 migidimo 23476 wikitext text/x-wiki Vhagidimi kha Tshitshavha Nga vhukando vhuṅwe na vhuṅwe na khiḽomitha iṅwe na iṅwe, vhagidimi a vha khou khwinisa mutakalo wavho fhedzi, fhedzi vha dovha vha ṱuṱuwedza vhane vha vha tsini navho. U gidima zwi ṱanganya vhathu, zwi ṱuṱuwedza matshilo a fhiseaho na u funza pfaneleo dza ndeme dzi ngaho u ḓilaya, u ḓiimisela na u ḓikumedzela. Kha tshitshavha, vhagidimi vha nga ṱuṱuwedza vhaswa uri vha dzhenele kha mitambo, vha dzule kule na zwithu zwine zwa vha khombo na u shuma kha zwipikwa zwavho zwa muthu nga eṱhe.<ref>https://runwalkph.com/RunClubs</ref> Kiḽaba dza u gidima na mbambe dzapo dzi dovha dza sika zwikhala zwa u ṱanganelana ha matshilisano, u tikedza mabindu apo na u khwaṱhisa muya wa tshitshavha. Nga u ḓikumedzela havho, vhagidimi vha nga thusa u fhaṱa tshitshavha tshi re na mutakalo, tshi fhiseaho na tsho ṱumanaho.<ref>https://runph.org/about/</ref> auiw46fbapdpl4isgjpz9893o851ju5 0 6226 23478 2026-09-30T21:08:32Z Gifton22 9404 halwa ha sialala 23478 wikitext text/x-wiki Halwa Ha Sialala Kha Mvelele ya Vhavenda Halwa ha sialala u bva kha ḓivhazwakale ho vha hu tshipiḓa tsha vhutshilo ha mvelele na matshilisano kha Vhavenḓa. Beer ya sialala yo vha i tshi nga lugiselelwa kha u kuvhangana ha ndeme, u pembelela na vhuṱambo ha mvelele, hune ya vha uri yo kovhekana vhukati ha miraḓo ya tshitshavha. Kha dzinwe mvelele dza vha Venda, beer yo dovha ya shumiswa sa tshifhiwa nga tshifhinga tsha mvelele na zwithu zwa makhulukuku. Sa tsumbo, Ḓivhazwakale ya Afrika Tshipembe kha Inthanethe yo ṱhogomela uri nga tshifhinga tsha vhuṱambo ha Domba ngei Dzivha ḽa Fundudzi, hu ṋekedzwa biya sa tshipiḓa tsha maitele a mvelele.<ref>https://sahistory.org.za/place/thulamela-local-municipality?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Nga nnḓa ha mushumo wayo kha vhuṱambo, u bveledza halwa ha mvelele zwo dovha zwa ṱangana na tshumisano ya tshitshavha na u kuvhangana ha matshilisano. U lugisela na u kovhelana zwinwiwa zwa sialala zwi nga ṱanganya miṱa na miraḓo ya tshitshavha ngeno zwi tshi khou thusa u vhulunga nḓivho ya mvelele ine ya fhiriselwa kha muṅwe murafho. Nga zwenezwo, halwa ha sialala a vhu sokou dzhiiwa sa tshinwiwa; kha nyimele yayo ya mvelele, i nga imela u ṱanganedza vhaeni, tshitshavha, mvelele na u ṱhonifha vhufa.<ref>https://sahistory.org.za/article/african-traditional-religion?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> rbh076lsvtw34qbohkyak92apx48qoh 0 6227 23480 2026-09-30T21:11:09Z Teekay03 9409 Created page with "Vhulwadze ha muhumbulo ndi vhuimo ha zwa ngalafho vhune ha shandula nḓila ine muthu a humbula ngayo, u ḓipfa ngayo, u ḓifara ngayo, kana u shumisana na vhaṅwe.<ref>https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/what-is-mental-illness</ref> Hu na tshaka nnzhi vhukuma dza vhulwadze ha muhumbulo Dzi si gathi dza hone ndi: * '''U tsikeledzea''': vhulwadze ho ḓoweleaho na vhuhulwane ha zwa ngalafho vhune ha ita uri muthu a dzule o ṱungufhala na u sa vha na dzangal..." 23480 wikitext text/x-wiki Vhulwadze ha muhumbulo ndi vhuimo ha zwa ngalafho vhune ha shandula nḓila ine muthu a humbula ngayo, u ḓipfa ngayo, u ḓifara ngayo, kana u shumisana na vhaṅwe.<ref>https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/what-is-mental-illness</ref> Hu na tshaka nnzhi vhukuma dza vhulwadze ha muhumbulo Dzi si gathi dza hone ndi: * '''U tsikeledzea''': vhulwadze ho ḓoweleaho na vhuhulwane ha zwa ngalafho vhune ha ita uri muthu a dzule o ṱungufhala na u sa vha na dzangalelo, zwine zwa kwama nga nḓila i si yavhuḓi nḓila ine a ḓipfa ngayo, u humbula ngayo, na u ita mishumo ya ḓuvha na ḓuvha. Naho u tsikeledzea hu tshi nga itea luthihi fhedzi vhutshiloni haṋu, kanzhi vhathu vha vha na zwiitea zwinzhi. Nga tshifhinga tsha hezwi zwipiḓa, tsumbadwadze dzi vha hone vhunzhi ha ḓuvha, tsini na ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe nahone dzi nga katela: * U pfa u ṱungufhala, u lila, u sa vha na tshithu kana u fhelelwa nga fulufhelo .U sinyuwa, u sinyuwa kana u dinalea, na kha mafhungo maṱuku .U xelelwa nga dzangalelo kana u ḓiphina kha vhunzhi kana mishumo yoṱhe yo ḓoweleaho, u fana na zwa vhudzekani, zwithu zwine vha zwi funesa kana mitambo .U thithisea ha u eḓela, hu tshi katelwa na u sa eḓela kana u eḓela nga maanḓa .U neta na u shaya maanḓa, nga zwenezwo na mishumo miṱuku i ṱoḓa vhuḓidini ho engedzeaho<ref>https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20356007</ref>. '''Vhulwadze ha bipolar''' ndi vhulwadze ha muhumbulo vhune ha fhedza vhutshilo hoṱhe vhune ha ita uri muthu a shanduke nga maanḓa maḓipfele, maanḓa, na zwine a zwi ita. Iṅwe ya tsumbadwadze dza vhulwadze ha bipolar ndi Mania (Highs): U ḓipfa u nṱha nga nḓila i songo ḓoweleaho kana u sinyuwa, u ṱoḓa u eḓela zwiṱuku vhukuma, u amba nga u ṱavhanya, u ṱavhanya u humbula, na u ḓivhea khomboni khulwane.<ref>https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9294-bipolar-disorder</ref> '''Vhulwadze ha u ḓihudza (OCD)''': Vhuimo vhune ha vha na mihumbulo i sa ṱoḓei, ine ya dzulela u dzhena (u ḓihudza) na vhuḓifari vhu dovhololaho kana nyito dza muhumbulo. U ḓihudza ndi mihumbulo i dovhololwaho, i sa ṱanganedzei, ṱhuṱhuwedzo, kana zwifanyiso zwa muhumbulo zwine zwa ita uri muthu a vhilaele vhukuma kana a tsikeledzee. Thero dzo ḓoweleaho dzi katela: * U ofha u tshikafhadzwa: U vhilaela nga ha zwitzhili, tshikha, dzikhemikhala, kana vhulwadze. * U ofha u vhaisala: U vhilaela nga ha u ḓihuvhadza kana u huvhadza vhaṅwe nga khombo kana nga khole. * Ṱhoḓea ya u lingana: U pfa mutsiko wo kalulaho musi zwithu zwi songo dzudzanyea, zwi songo tea, kana zwi songo ṱangana. * Mihumbulo yo iledzwaho: U tshenzhela mihumbulo i sa ṱoḓei, yo iledzwaho, kana ya vhuhali nga ha zwa vhudzekani, vhurereli, kana vhuvemu.<ref>https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-when-unwanted-thoughts-or-repetitive-behaviors-take-over</ref> '''Vhulwadze ha u tsikeledzea nga murahu ha u vhaisala (PTSD'''): Ndi vhuimo ha mutakalo wa muhumbulo vhune ha vhangwa nga u tshenzhela kana u vhona tshiitea tshi ofhisaho, tshine tsha vhea vhutshilo khomboni, kana tshi tsikeledzaho vhukuma.<ref>https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355967</ref> U bvela phanḓa ha vhurotho ha u bvisa dzi hormone dza mutsiko (u fana na cortisol na adrenaline) zwi ita uri muvhili u dzule u kha tshiimo tsha "u lwa-kana-u shavha". Nga murahu ha tshifhinga, u ṱungufhala uhu ha muvhili hu nga vhanga: * Vhuṱungu vhu sa fheli na u ṱungufhala: U ṱungufhala ha ṱhoho lunzhi-lunzhi, u ṱungufhala ha misipha, kana u ṱungufhala ha khana. * Mafhungo a u gandisa zwiḽiwa: U vhavha ha thumbu, u ṱungufhala, kana u thithisea ha mala tshifhinga tshoṱhe. * U fhindula ha mbilu: Mbilu i tshi ṱavhanya u ṱavhanya (u rwa ha mbilu), u fema nga u ṱavhanya, u vha na dzungu, kana u bilufha nga maanḓa. * [[File:Bipolar changing moods.jpeg|thumb|Muthu wa bipolar na muhumbulo u shandukaho]]U shandukiswa ha sisiṱeme ya tsiki: U tetemela, u tetemela, kana u dzulela u neta nga ṅwambo wa u sa eḓela zwavhuḓi.<ref>https://www.ptsduk.org/what-is-ptsd/symptoms-of-ptsd/7/</ref> Naho vha vhanzhi vhathu vha fanela u ḓi gudisa nga ha malwadze a muhumbulo zwo katela na u itela u thusa vhaṅwe. = Referensi = obufnd9fb39a1lvfu8n62guyhu77ulw 0 6228 23481 2026-09-30T21:11:23Z Gifton22 9404 zwipika 23481 wikitext text/x-wiki Zwipuka zwa Kale Tshitshavhani Zwifuwo zwa kale u fana na kholomo, mbudzi na nngu zwi kha ḓi vha tshipiḓa tsha ndeme kha zwitshavha zwinzhi zwa mahayani. Dzi nga imela minwaha ya vhubindudzi ha muta na nḓivho ya sialala, ngeno zwifuwo zwi tshi dovha zwa thusa kha u ḓitshidza ha miṱa, u tsireledzea ha zwiḽiwa na maitele a mvelele. Kha zwitshavha zwine zwa nga zwine zwa vha Limpopo, zwa u fuwa zwifuwo zwi na vhushaka vhuhulwane na vhutshilo ha mahayani, hune kholomo na mbudzi zwa vha zwo ḓoweleya u fuwiwa nga miṱa.<ref>https://www.nda.gov.za/index.php/component/content/article/341-livestock-production?Itemid=437&catid=19&utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> Musi zwifuwo zwi tshi khou aluwa, zwi ya ṱoḓa u ṱhogomelwa nga nḓila yo teaho, hu tshi katelwa na zwiḽiwa zwo linganelaho, maḓi o kunaho, u tsireledzwa kha malwadze na vhudzulo ho teaho. U ṱhogomela zwifuwo zwine zwa vha uri zwo no vha zwihulwane zwi dovha zwa sumbedza u lima nga vhuḓifhinduleli na u ṱhonifha zwifuwo zwine zwa vha uri zwo tikedza miṱa na zwitshavha lwa minwaha minzhi. U ṱhogomela zwifuwo zwine zwa vha na mutakalo zwi nga thusa kha u khwaṱha ha matshilo a vhupo ha mahayani na u vhulunga maitele a sialala a u lima.<ref>https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202602/south-african-yearbook.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com</ref> jcoh733lgf3n1hq3rc8gmutgqw18m3d 0 6229 23484 2026-09-30T21:37:40Z Teekay03 9409 Created page with "Maanḓa a matshilisano ndi vhukoni ha muthu nga eṱhe, tshigwada, dzangano, kana tshiimiswa ha u ṱuṱuwedza vhuḓifari, khetho, zwikhala, kana nyimele dza vhaṅwe vhathu. Kha sosiolodzi, maanḓa a gudwa sa tshivhumbeo tsha vhushaka vhukati ha vhathu na sa tshivhumbeo tsha zwiimiswa zwa matshilisano zwo ṱanḓavhuwaho. I nga shuma nga ndaela dzo livhaho, u langa zwishumiswa, vhushaka ha matshilisano, maanḓalanga o ṱanganedzwaho, nḓivho, vhuimo, kana miṅw..." 23484 wikitext text/x-wiki Maanḓa a matshilisano ndi vhukoni ha muthu nga eṱhe, tshigwada, dzangano, kana tshiimiswa ha u ṱuṱuwedza vhuḓifari, khetho, zwikhala, kana nyimele dza vhaṅwe vhathu. Kha sosiolodzi, maanḓa a gudwa sa tshivhumbeo tsha vhushaka vhukati ha vhathu na sa tshivhumbeo tsha zwiimiswa zwa matshilisano zwo ṱanḓavhuwaho. I nga shuma nga ndaela dzo livhaho, u langa zwishumiswa, vhushaka ha matshilisano, maanḓalanga o ṱanganedzwaho, nḓivho, vhuimo, kana miṅwe mifuda ya ṱhuṱhuwedzo.<ref>[https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/17-1-power-and-authority? https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/17-1-power-and-authority?]</ref> Muḓivhi wa zwa matshilisano Max Weber o fhambanya maanḓa na zwivhumbeo zwo khetheaho zwa vhuvhusi kana maanḓalanga. Kha nḓila ya Weber, maanḓa a kwama vhukoni ha mutambi nga ngomu ha vhushaka ha matshilisano ha u ita zwine a zwi funa, hu tshi katelwa na musi vhaṅwe vhathu vha tshi hanedza. U vhusa, nga u fhambana, zwi kwama zwiimo zwine ndaela dza vha na khonadzeo khulwane ya u tevhelwa.<ref>[https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/weber/? https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/weber/?]</ref> Zwishumiswa zwa ikonomi zwi nga dovha zwa shandukiswa zwa vha zwiṅwe zwivhumbeo zwa vhuḓi. Theo ya Pierre Bourdieu ya khaphithaḽa i ṱalusa khaphithaḽa ya ikonomi sa muṅwe mufuda wa khaphithaḽa khathihi na zwivhumbeo zwa matshilisano na mvelele. Khaphithaḽa ya ikonomi i katela zwishumiswa zwa zwithu, ngeno khaphithaḽa ya matshilisano i tshi kwama nethiweke na vhushaka na khaphithaḽa ya mvelele i tshi katela nḓivho, zwikili, ṱhanziela, na zwiṅwe zwishumiswa zwine zwa dzhielwa nṱha nga mvelele.<ref>[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12306905/? https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12306905/?]</ref> = Referensi = ij3wfgak8aulp7lbr249yhmz8kl7lrx 0 6230 23485 2026-09-30T21:41:25Z Teekay03 9409 Created page with "[[File:Termite mound in the Okavango Delta.jpg|thumb]] Madzhulu ndi zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa zwine zwa kuvhanganywa nga mvelele zwa ḽiwa nga zwitshavha zwa Vhavenḓa tshipembe ha Afrika Tshipembe. Dzina ḽa madzhulu ḽi shumiswa nga Tshivenḓa kha dziṅwe ṱhodzi dzine dza ḽiwa, nahone zwikhokhonono zwi vhumba tshipiḓa tsha maitele a zwiḽiwa zwa sialala zwa Vhavenḓa. Dzi ya kona u ṱangana nga maanḓa na tshifhinga tsha mvula, musi dzi flying term..." 23485 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Termite mound in the Okavango Delta.jpg|thumb]] Madzhulu ndi zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa zwine zwa kuvhanganywa nga mvelele zwa ḽiwa nga zwitshavha zwa Vhavenḓa tshipembe ha Afrika Tshipembe. Dzina ḽa madzhulu ḽi shumiswa nga Tshivenḓa kha dziṅwe ṱhodzi dzine dza ḽiwa, nahone zwikhokhonono zwi vhumba tshipiḓa tsha maitele a zwiḽiwa zwa sialala zwa Vhavenḓa. Dzi ya kona u ṱangana nga maanḓa na tshifhinga tsha mvula, musi dzi flying termites na dzinwe dzi termite castes dzi tshi vha hone uri dzi kone u kuvhanganywa.<ref>[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8997929/? https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8997929/?]</ref> Dzi termite dzi dzula nga dzi colony nahone dzi ya ṱangana na dzi termite mounds khulwane. U vhonala hazwo nnṱha ha mavu zwi ya ṱuṱuwedziwa vhukuma nga mvula dza khalanwaha. Nga tshifhinga tsha mvula, dzi winged termites dzi nga bva kha dzi colony dzadzo, zwine zwa ita uri zwi leluwe uri vhathu vha kone u dzi kuvhanganya. Madzhulu a vhumba tshipiḓa tsha nḓivho ya zwiḽiwa zwa mvelele kha zwitshavha zwa Vhavenḓa. Nḓivho ya sialala nga ha zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa zwi katela nḓivho ya uri zwi nga wanala ngafhi na lini, zwi kuvhanganywa hani, na uri zwi lugiselelwa hani uri zwi kone u ḽiwa. Tsedzuluso dza musalauno dzo dovha dza ṅwala ndeme ya mvelele ine ya khou bvela phanḓa ya madzhulu na zwiṅwe zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa. Ngudo ya zwenezwino ya maitele a mvelele kha Vhavenḓa yo ṱalusa zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa u fana na madzhulu na nṱhwa sa tsumbo dza zwiḽiwa zwa sialala zwe zwa kwamea nga tshanduko ya mvelele, nga maanḓa sa izwi maitele a u ḽa o shanduka vhuponi ha dziḓoroboni.<ref>[https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.25159/2663-6697/18887? https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.25159/2663-6697/18887?]</ref> = Referensi = ep0f30oqcd3pxb0f0f2jpt5x5kroymf 23486 23485 2026-09-30T21:44:01Z Teekay03 9409 23486 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Termite mound in the Okavango Delta.jpg|thumb]] Madzhulu ndi zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa zwine zwa kuvhanganywa nga mvelele zwa ḽiwa nga zwitshavha zwa Vhavenḓa tshipembe ha Afrika Tshipembe. Dzina ḽa madzhulu ḽi shumiswa nga Tshivenḓa kha dziṅwe ṱhodzi dzine dza ḽiwa, nahone zwikhokhonono zwi vhumba tshipiḓa tsha maitele a zwiḽiwa zwa sialala zwa Vhavenḓa. Dzi ya kona u ṱangana nga maanḓa na tshifhinga tsha mvula, musi dzi flying termites na dzinwe dzi termite castes dzi tshi vha hone uri dzi kone u kuvhanganywa.<ref>[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8997929/? https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8997929/?]</ref> Zwikhokhonono zwi dzula nga u kuvhanganya nahone zwi ya ṱangana na dzi zwinwe zwikhokhonono zwi khulwane. U vhonala hazwo nnṱha ha mavu zwi ya ṱuṱuwedziwa vhukuma nga mvula dza khalanwaha. Nga tshifhinga tsha mvula, zwikhokhonono zwa u fhufha zwi nga bva kha nga u kuvhanganya hazwo, zwine zwa ita uri zwi leluwe uri vhathu vha kone u zwi kuvhanganya. Madzhulu a vhumba tshipiḓa tsha nḓivho ya zwiḽiwa zwa mvelele kha zwitshavha zwa Vhavenḓa. Nḓivho ya sialala nga ha zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa zwi katela nḓivho ya uri zwi nga wanala ngafhi na lini, zwi kuvhanganywa hani, na uri zwi lugiselelwa hani uri zwi kone u ḽiwa. Tsedzuluso dza musalauno dzo dovha dza ṅwala ndeme ya mvelele ine ya khou bvela phanḓa ya madzhulu na zwiṅwe zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa. Ngudo ya zwenezwino ya maitele a mvelele kha Vhavenḓa yo ṱalusa zwikhokhonono zwine zwa ḽiwa u fana na madzhulu na nṱhwa sa tsumbo dza zwiḽiwa zwa sialala zwe zwa kwamea nga tshanduko ya mvelele, nga maanḓa sa izwi maitele a u ḽa o shanduka vhuponi ha dziḓoroboni.<ref>[https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.25159/2663-6697/18887? https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.25159/2663-6697/18887?]</ref> = Referensi = d24xlfw974tmnlmgot7fz7jo6nv9148 0 6231 23488 2026-09-30T21:56:28Z Teekay03 9409 Created page with "[[File:Cape Town anti-femicide demonstration 01.jpg|thumb|vhathu vha khou terekela femicide]] U vhulahwa ha vhafumakadzi na vhana Afrika Tshipembe zwi amba u vhulahwa ha vhafumakadzi, vhasidzana na vhana nga ndivho shangoni, hu tshi katelwa na u vhulahwa hu tshimbilelanaho na khakhathi dzo ḓisendekaho kha mbeu, khakhathi dza miḓini, khakhathi dza vhafarisi vha tsini, na dziṅwe nḓila dza vhutshinyi ha khakhathi. U vhulawa ha vhafumakadzi nga ṅwambo wa mbeu yavho..." 23488 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Cape Town anti-femicide demonstration 01.jpg|thumb|vhathu vha khou terekela femicide]] U vhulahwa ha vhafumakadzi na vhana Afrika Tshipembe zwi amba u vhulahwa ha vhafumakadzi, vhasidzana na vhana nga ndivho shangoni, hu tshi katelwa na u vhulahwa hu tshimbilelanaho na khakhathi dzo ḓisendekaho kha mbeu, khakhathi dza miḓini, khakhathi dza vhafarisi vha tsini, na dziṅwe nḓila dza vhutshinyi ha khakhathi. U vhulawa ha vhafumakadzi nga ṅwambo wa mbeu yavho zwi ṱaluswa nga nḓila yo ḓoweleaho sa ''femicide.'' Afrika Tshipembe ḽo ṱangana na mbilaelo dza kale nga ha u tambudzwa ha vhafumakadzi na vhana. Zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso, vhaṱoḓisisi na madzangano a dzitshakatshaka vho topola khakhathi dzo ḓisendekaho kha mbeu na u vhulaha vhafumakadzi sa mafhungo a ndeme a matshilisano na tsireledzo ya tshitshavha kha shango.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/minister-sindisiwe-chikunga-expresses-concerns-regarding-rising-reports</ref> U vhulaha vhafumakadzi nga u angaredza zwi amba u vhulaha vhafumakadzi kana vhasidzana nga ṅwambo wa mbeu yavho. Afrika Tshipembe, ipfi iḽi ḽi shumiswa lunzhi musi hu tshi haseledzwa nga ha mabulayo a tshimbilelanaho na khakhathi dzo thewaho kha mbeu, nga maanḓa khakhathi dzine dza itwa nga vhafarisi vha tsini vha zwino kana vha kale. U ya nga ṱhoḓisiso dzo bulwaho nga UN Women, Khoro ya Ṱhoḓisiso ya zwa Dzilafho ya Afrika Tshipembe yo anganyela uri vhafumakadzi vha ṱoḓaho u vha vhararu vho vhulahwa ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe nga mufarisi wa tsini nga tshifhinga tsha 2020–2021. Tsedzuluso i fanaho yo anganyela tshivhalo tsha u vhulahwa ha vhafumakadzi nga vhafarisi vha tsini tsha mpfu dza 5.5 kha vhafumakadzi vha 100 000 nga tshenetsho tshifhinga<ref>[https://open.unwomen.org/en/south-africa/2023-2025? https://open.unwomen.org/en/south-africa/2023-2025?]</ref>. [[File:Carlist women, girls and children from Villava (Navarre).jpg|thumb]] U vhulaha vhafumakadzi zwi nga itea kha nyimele ya u tambudzwa ha kale, u tshuwiswa, vhuḓifari ha u langa na dziṅwe nḓila dza khakhathi dza vhafarisi vha tsini. Zwiko zwa muvhuso wa Afrika Tshipembe zwo ṱalusa u vhulahwa ha vhafumakadzi na vhasidzana sa nḓila yo kalulaho vhukuma ya khakhathi dzo ḓisendekaho kha mbeu. = Referensi = g40wbcvu0zzgnycio4k4n8na3i7j8x0 2 6232 23493 2026-09-30T22:31:15Z Una maanda 9394 Created page with "Dzina langa ndi Una maanda Goloi Goloi, kana goloi, ndi goloi i re na mavhili. Vhunzhi ha ṱhalutshedzo dza goloi dzi amba uri dzi gidima nga maanḓa kha dzibada, dzi kona u dzula vhathu vha 1–8, dzi na mavili maṋa, nahone dzi hwala vhathu nga maanḓa nṱhani ha mihwalo.[1][2] Hu na goloi dzi fhiraho 1.6 biḽioni dzine dza khou shumiswa ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe u bva nga 2025. Mubveledzi wa Mufura Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot o fhaṱa goloi ya u thoma ya badani ine ya..." 23493 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una maanda Goloi Goloi, kana goloi, ndi goloi i re na mavhili. Vhunzhi ha ṱhalutshedzo dza goloi dzi amba uri dzi gidima nga maanḓa kha dzibada, dzi kona u dzula vhathu vha 1–8, dzi na mavili maṋa, nahone dzi hwala vhathu nga maanḓa nṱhani ha mihwalo.[1][2] Hu na goloi dzi fhiraho 1.6 biḽioni dzine dza khou shumiswa ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe u bva nga 2025. Mubveledzi wa Mufura Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot o fhaṱa goloi ya u thoma ya badani ine ya shumiswa nga mufhiso nga 1769, nahone mubveledzi wa Switzerland François Isaac de Rivaz o pulana na u fhaṱa goloi ya u thoma ine ya shumiswa nga mulilo wa nga ngomu nga 1808. Goloi ya musalauno—goloi i shumaho, ine ya nga rengiswa nga8. Mubveledzi wa Dzheremane Carl Benz o ṅwala thendelo yawe ya Benz-Motorwagen. Goloi dza zwa vhubindudzi dzo thoma u wanala nga vhunzhi nga ḓana ḽa vhu-20 ḽa miṅwaha. Oldsmobile Curved Dash ya 1901 na Ford Model T ya 1908, dzoṱhe dzi goloi dza Amerika, dzi dzhiiwa nga vhathu vhanzhi sa goloi dza u thoma dzo bveledzwaho nga vhunzhi[3][4] na dzine dza nga rengiwa nga vhunzhi[5][6][7], nga u tevhekana. Goloi dzo mbo ḓi ṱanganedzwa nga u ṱavhanya kha ḽa US, he dza dzhiela vhudzulo goloi dzine dza kokodzwa nga bere.[8] Kha ḽa Europe na kha zwiṅwe zwipiḓa zwa shango, ṱhoḓea ya goloi a yo ngo engedzea u swika nga murahu ha Nndwa ya Shango ya Vhuvhili.[9] Kha centuary ya vhu 21, u shumiswa ha goloi zwi kha di engedzea nga u ṱavhanya, nga maanḓa kha ḽa China, India, na kha maṅwe mashango ane a kha ḓi tou bva u bvelela.[10][11] Goloi dzi na zwithu zwine zwa langa u reila, u paka, u ḓifara zwavhuḓi ha vhaṋameli, na mavhone o fhamba-fhambanaho. Kha mahumi a miṅwaha o fhiraho, ho engedzwa zwiṅwe zwithu na zwilanguli kha goloi, zwa ita uri dzi vhe dzo serekanaho nga zwiṱuku nga zwiṱuku. Zwenezwi zwi katela mabannda a tsireledzo, dzi- airbag, khamera dzine dza humela murahu, zwifholisa muya, sisiṱeme dza u livhisa, na u ḓimvumvusa nga ngomu goloini. Vhunzhi ha goloi dzine dza khou shumiswa mathomoni a vho 2020 dzi tshimbidzwa nga nzhini ya u fhisa nga ngomu, ine ya fhiswa nga u fhisa zwivhaswa. Goloi dza muḓagasi, dze dza tumbulwa mathomoni a ḓivhazwakale ya goloi, dzo thoma u rengiswa nga vho 2000 dza phaḓalala nga vho 2020. Hu na zwine zwa ḓura na mbuelo dza u shumisa goloi. Zwine zwa ṱoḓea kha muthu zwi katela u wana goloi, u i lugisa na u i ṱhogomela, mapfura, tshifhinga tsha u reila, mbadelo dza u paka, mithelo, na ndindakhombo.[12] Mbuelo dza muthu nga eṱhe dzi katela zwiendedzi zwine zwa ṱoḓea, u tshimbila, u ḓiimisa nga woṱhe, na u ḓifara zwavhuḓi.[13][siaṱari ḽi ṱoḓeaho] Mbuelo dza tshitshavha dzi katela mbuelo dza ikonomi, u fana na u sika mishumo na lupfumo u bva kha nḓowetshumo ya dzigoloi, na vhuḓifari ha tshitshavha u bva kha zwikhala zwa u ḓimvumvusa na zwa nyendo. U thulana ha zwiendedzi ndi tshivhangi tshihulwane tsha mpfu dzi tshimbilelanaho na u huvhala shangoni ḽoṱhe.[14] U bva nga 2024, goloi dzi bveledza 10% ya khaboni daioksaidi ya ḽifhasi, zwine zwa shela mulenzhe kha tshanduko ya kilima. Zwiṅwe zwine zwa kwama mupo zwi katela zwishumiswa zwine zwa shumiswa u zwi bveledza na u zwi laṱa na u renga zwivhaswa zwazwo, tshikafhadzo ya mufhe u bva kha mufhiso na zwipiḓa zwi bviswaho nga maburiki na u kwamana vhukati ha mathaela na bada, na tshikafhadzo ya phosho na tshedza.[15] U shumiswa ha goloi nga vhunzhi zwi ita uri hu vhe na u ḓala ha bada na u ṱuṱuwedza u phaḓalala ha ḓorobo, zwine zwa ita uri hu vhe na u ḓura huhulwane ha themamveledziso, u tshinyadzwa ha vhupo, u fhungudzea ha u tshimbila ha vhane vha sa kone u reila (u katela na vhana, vhaholefhali, na vhaaluwa), u ḓiṱalula kha matshilisano, na matshilo a u dzula fhethu huthihi zwine zwa ṋaṋisa mvelelo dza mutakalo.[15] 03231dhuvgrmv20sjzt9m56pge3do76 23494 23493 2026-09-30T22:37:03Z Una maanda 9394 i edited 23494 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una maanda Goloi Goloi, kana goloi, ndi goloi i re na mavhili. Vhunzhi ha ṱhalutshedzo dza goloi dzi amba uri dzi gidima nga maanḓa kha dzibada, dzi kona u dzula vhathu vha 1–8, dzi na mavili maṋa, nahone dzi hwala vhathu nga maanḓa nṱhani ha mihwalo.[1][2] Hu na goloi dzi fhiraho 1.6 biḽioni dzine dza khou shumiswa ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe u bva nga [[:en:Car|2025.1]] [[File:2013 Porsche 911 Carrera 4S (991) (9626546987).jpg|thumb|Goloi]] Mubveledzi wa Mufura Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot o fhaṱa goloi ya u thoma ya badani ine ya shumiswa nga mufhiso nga 1769, nahone mubveledzi wa Switzerland François Isaac de Rivaz o pulana na u fhaṱa goloi ya u thoma ine ya shumiswa nga mulilo wa nga ngomu nga 1808. Goloi ya musalauno—goloi i shumaho, ine ya nga rengiswa nga8. Mubveledzi wa Dzheremane Carl Benz o ṅwala thendelo yawe ya Benz-Motorwagen. Goloi dza zwa vhubindudzi dzo thoma u wanala nga vhunzhi nga ḓana ḽa vhu-20 ḽa miṅwaha. Oldsmobile Curved Dash ya 1901 na Ford Model T ya 1908, dzoṱhe dzi goloi dza Amerika, dzi dzhiiwa nga vhathu vhanzhi sa goloi dza u thoma dzo bveledzwaho nga vhunzhi[3][4] na dzine dza nga rengiwa nga vhunzhi[5][6][7], nga u tevhekana. Goloi dzo mbo ḓi ṱanganedzwa nga u ṱavhanya kha ḽa US, he dza dzhiela vhudzulo goloi dzine dza kokodzwa nga bere.[8] Kha ḽa Europe na kha zwiṅwe zwipiḓa zwa shango, ṱhoḓea ya goloi a yo ngo engedzea u swika nga murahu ha Nndwa ya Shango ya Vhuvhili.[9] Kha centuary ya vhu 21, u shumiswa ha goloi zwi kha di engedzea nga u ṱavhanya, nga maanḓa kha ḽa China, India, na kha maṅwe mashango ane a kha ḓi tou bva u bvelela.[10][11] [https://www.gov.za/services/register-motor-vehicle/register-motor-vehicle 2] Goloi dzi na zwithu zwine zwa langa u reila, u paka, u ḓifara zwavhuḓi ha vhaṋameli, na mavhone o fhamba-fhambanaho. Kha mahumi a miṅwaha o fhiraho, ho engedzwa zwiṅwe zwithu na zwilanguli kha goloi, zwa ita uri dzi vhe dzo serekanaho nga zwiṱuku nga zwiṱuku. Zwenezwi zwi katela mabannda a tsireledzo, dzi- airbag, khamera dzine dza humela murahu, zwifholisa muya, sisiṱeme dza u livhisa, na u ḓimvumvusa nga ngomu goloini. Vhunzhi ha goloi dzine dza khou shumiswa mathomoni a vho 2020 dzi tshimbidzwa nga nzhini ya u fhisa nga ngomu, ine ya fhiswa nga u fhisa zwivhaswa. Goloi dza muḓagasi, dze dza tumbulwa mathomoni a ḓivhazwakale ya goloi, dzo thoma u rengiswa nga vho 2000 dza phaḓalala nga vho 2020. [https://www.tracker.co.za/tips-and-advice/tips-to-help-you-choose-your-first-car 3] Hu na zwine zwa ḓura na mbuelo dza u shumisa goloi. Zwine zwa ṱoḓea kha muthu zwi katela u wana goloi, u i lugisa na u i ṱhogomela, mapfura, tshifhinga tsha u reila, mbadelo dza u paka, mithelo, na ndindakhombo.[12] Mbuelo dza muthu nga eṱhe dzi katela zwiendedzi zwine zwa ṱoḓea, u tshimbila, u ḓiimisa nga woṱhe, na u ḓifara zwavhuḓi.[13][siaṱari ḽi ṱoḓeaho] Mbuelo dza tshitshavha dzi katela mbuelo dza ikonomi, u fana na u sika mishumo na lupfumo u bva kha nḓowetshumo ya dzigoloi, na vhuḓifari ha tshitshavha u bva kha zwikhala zwa u ḓimvumvusa na zwa nyendo. U thulana ha zwiendedzi ndi tshivhangi tshihulwane tsha mpfu dzi tshimbilelanaho na u huvhala shangoni ḽoṱhe.[14] U bva nga 2024, goloi dzi bveledza 10% ya khaboni daioksaidi ya ḽifhasi, zwine zwa shela mulenzhe kha tshanduko ya kilima. Zwiṅwe zwine zwa kwama mupo zwi katela zwishumiswa zwine zwa shumiswa u zwi bveledza na u zwi laṱa na u renga zwivhaswa zwazwo, tshikafhadzo ya mufhe u bva kha mufhiso na zwipiḓa zwi bviswaho nga maburiki na u kwamana vhukati ha mathaela na bada, na tshikafhadzo ya phosho na tshedza.[15] U shumiswa ha goloi nga vhunzhi zwi ita uri hu vhe na u ḓala ha bada na u ṱuṱuwedza u phaḓalala ha ḓorobo, zwine zwa ita uri hu vhe na u ḓura huhulwane ha themamveledziso, u tshinyadzwa ha vhupo, u fhungudzea ha u tshimbila ha vhane vha sa kone u reila (u katela na vhana, vhaholefhali, na vhaaluwa), u ḓiṱalula kha matshilisano, na matshilo a u dzula fhethu huthihi zwine zwa ṋaṋisa mvelelo dza mutakalo.[15] [https://www.britannica.com/technology/automobile 4] joycqu4zmb5ffnmgkyiu2wi4z642aux 0 6233 23495 2026-09-30T22:37:06Z Teekay03 9409 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374956604|Daniel Beaty]]" 23495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Beaty''' ndi muṅwali wa matambwa wa Muamerika, mutambi wa matambwa, muimbi, muṅwali, mubvumeli na murendi. Matambwa o ṅwalwaho nga Beaty a katela Tshihaḓu, Mvuwo, Vhusiku, Muri Mulapfusa Ḓakani, Vho-Joy, na muzika wa Breath & Imagination. Bugu dzo ṅwalwiwaho nga Beaty dzi katela bugu ya vhana ya 2013 ine ya pfi Knock Knock: Muloro wa Khotsi anga kha nṋe. Beaty o dovha a ṅwala na u tamba kha filimu ya 2016 Ndima na Ndimana''.'' Nga 2024, Beaty o nangiwa sa mubveledzi wa vhusiki wa tshigwada tsha thietha tsha vhufa vhuswa. Daniel Beaty o alutshela Dayton, Ohio, nahone a thoma u ṅwala khathihi na u ṋekedza nyambo dza khagala musi e kha gireidi ya vhuraru. Nga murahu Beaty o wina basari ya u ya tshikoloni tsha nṱha tsha phuraivethe na Yunivesithi ya Yale. Beaty o guda Luisimane na muzika ngei Yale nahone a fhedza BA ya Honors nga 1998. 0qsw9l2ppvpcevy7nd56loonzfbzudj 0 6234 23499 2026-09-30T23:05:05Z Teekay03 9409 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373174940|Skeem Saam]]" 23499 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Skeem Saam''''' ndi tshiṱori tsha Afurika Tshipembe tsho sikiwaho nga Winnie Serite nahone tsho thoma u anḓadzwa kha SABC 1 u bva nga 2011[1][2]. Ḽitambwa iḽi ḽo vhetshelwa ngei Johannesburg na Turfloop. Ḽo mbo ḓi vha na bvumo u bva tshe ḽa swika, ḽi tshi khou ṱaṱisana na ''Generations''. Mbekanyamushumo yo livhiswaho vhukuma kha vhaswa nahone ndi mushumo wa Pfunzo ya SABC.Wo no fhedza miṅwaha ya 10 u tshi khou gidima. Nga Phando 2021, SABC yo ḓivhadza uri mbekanyamushumo uyu u ḓo ya kha tshifhinga tsha u awela tsha u bveledza u thoma nga ḽa 1 Ṱhafamuhwe 2021 nga nṱhani ha u fhungudzea ha vhaṱaleli.[3] == Puloto == Nganea i tevhela matshilo a vhadzulapo vha [[:en:Turfloop|Turfloop]] vhane vha sedzana na milingo na maṱungu a ḓuvha na ḓuvha musi vha tshi khou gonya ḽeri ya u bvelela. I dovha hafhu ya tevhela vhutshilo ha vhapfumi vha Johannesburg na uri vha shumana hani na khaedu dzine vha tangana nadzo kha mabindu avho ya dovha hafhu ya tevhela vhutshilo ha vhapfumi na vhashai vhane vha dzula '''''Turfloop'''''. == Vhatambi vho sumbedzwa kha zwikolodo zwa u vula == * Clement Maosa * Hungani Ndlovu * Samukele Mkhize * Dieketseng Mnisi * Thabiso Molokomme * Phillip thobejane * Putla Sehlapelo * Sedriki Fourie * Chester gun man * 5iwmxbsprr01ywkk42ersaihgug5cth 2 6235 23500 2026-09-30T23:10:00Z Una maanda 9394 i edited 23500 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una maanda '''Radio''' [[File:G.E.C. AM radio with bass & treble, encased in wood.jpg|thumb|Radio]] '''Radio''' ndi thekhinoḽodzhi ya u davhidzana hu tshi shumiswa magabelo a radio.[1][2][3] Mavemu a radio ndi magabelo a elekiṱhironiki a frekwensi vhukati ha 3 hertz (Hz) na 300 gigahertz (GHz). Dzi ya bveledziwa nga tshishumiswa tsha elekiṱhironiki tshine tsha vhidziwa upfi transmitter tsho ṱangana na antenna ine ya bvisa maḓi. Dzi nga ṱanganedzwa nga dziṅwe antenna dzo ṱanganelanaho na tshishumiswa tsha u ṱanganedza radio; hoyu ndi mulayo wa mutheo wa vhudavhidzani ha radio. Nga nnḓa ha vhudavhidzani, radio i shumiselwa radara, u livhisa kha radio, u langa zwithu zwi re kule, u ṱola zwithu zwi re kule, na zwiṅwe zwithu.[https://www.britannica.com/topic/radio 1] Kha vhudavhidzani ha radio, vhu shumiswaho kha khasho ya radio na thelevishini, dzifounu dza zwanda, dziradio dza nḓila mbili, vhuṱumani vhu si na waya, na vhudavhidzani ha saṱhelaithi, vhukati ha dziṅwe tshumiso nnzhi, magabelo a radio a shumiswa u hwala mafhungo u mona na tshikhala u bva kha tshifhirisi u ya kha tshiṱanganedzi, nga u shandukisa tshiga tsha radio kha (u ṱuṱuwedza tshiga tsha mafhungo nga u fhirisela mafhungo kha maṅwe magabelo a radio) Kha radar, ine ya shumiswa u wana na u tevhela zwithu zwi ngaho zwiendedzi, zwikepe, zwiendedzi zwa tshikhalani na dzimisaiḽi, tshedza tsha magabelo a radio a bviswaho nga tshifhirisi tsha radara tshi vhonala kha tshithu tsho livhiswaho, nahone magabelo o vhonalaho a dzumbulula fhethu hune tshithu tsha vha hone kha muṱanganedzi ane a anzela u vha o ṱangana na tshifhirisi. Kha sisiṱeme dza u livhisa nga radio dzi ngaho GPS na VOR, tshishumiswa tsha u livhisa tshi tshimbilaho tshi ṱanganedza zwiga zwa radio u bva kha zwiga zwinzhi zwa radio zwa u livhisa zwine vhuimo hazwo ha ḓivhea, nahone nga u kala nga vhuronwane tshifhinga tsha u swika ha magabelo a radio muṱanganedzi a nga vhalela vhuimo hayo kha Ḽifhasi. Kha zwishumiswa zwa u langa radio zwi si na waya zwi ngaho dzi-drone, zwishumiswa zwa u vula miṋango ya garatshi, na sisiṱeme dza u dzhena dzi si na khii, zwiga zwa radio zwine zwa fhiriselwa kha tshishumiswa tsha u langa zwi langa zwiito zwa tshishumiswa tshi re kule.[https://www.funkidslive.com/learn/top-10-facts/top-10-facts-about-radio/ 2] U vha hone ha magabelo a radio zwo thoma u sumbedzwa nga muḓivhi wa fisika wa Dzheremane Heinrich Hertz nga ḽa 11 Lambamai 1886.[4] Vhukati ha vho 1890, u fhaṱa kha thekhinikha dze vhaḓivhi vha fisika vha vha vha tshi khou dzi shumisa u guda magabelo a elekiṱhironiki, muḓivhi wa fisika wa Italy Guglielmo Marconi o bveledza tshishumiswa tsha u thoma tsha vhudavhidzani ha radio ha tshikhala tshilapfu,[5] a tshi rumela mulaedza wa Morse Code u si na waya kha muṱanganedzi a re kule nga khiḽomitha nga 1895, tshiga tsha trans6 tsha u thoma nga 1895. 1901. Khasho ya u thoma ya radio ya zwa vhubindudzi yo hashiwa nga dzi 2 dza Lambamai 1920, musi mbuelo dza thwii dza khetho dza muphuresidennde wa United States dza 1920 dzi tshi hashiwa nga Khamphani ya Muḓagasi na Vhubveledzi ya Westinghouse ngei Pittsburgh, fhasi ha tshiga tsha u vhidza KDKA.[8] [https://www.lifefm.co.za/2024/08/21/the-history-of-radio-in-south-africa/ 3] sce9qzrwonzg4626hxhqlsffmeae4sx 2 6236 23503 2026-09-30T23:15:44Z Una maanda 9394 Created page with "Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda vhuima bisi Zwithu zwa u ima bisi zwi bva kha thanda na tshiga zwo leluwaho, u ya kha vhudzulo ha fhasi, u ya kha zwivhumbeo zwo ṱanḓavhuwaho. Minimum yo ḓoweleaho ndi fuḽaga yo vhewaho kha thanda ine ya vha na dzina/tshiga tsho teaho. Zwiṱaha zwa u ima bisi zwi nga vha na ṱhanga yo fhelelaho kana tshipiḓa, yo tikedzwa nga tshifhaṱo tsha masia mavhili, mararu kana maṋa. Zwiimiswa zwa musalauno kanzhi ndi zwifhaṱo zwa tsimb..." 23503 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda vhuima bisi Zwithu zwa u ima bisi zwi bva kha thanda na tshiga zwo leluwaho, u ya kha vhudzulo ha fhasi, u ya kha zwivhumbeo zwo ṱanḓavhuwaho. Minimum yo ḓoweleaho ndi fuḽaga yo vhewaho kha thanda ine ya vha na dzina/tshiga tsho teaho. Zwiṱaha zwa u ima bisi zwi nga vha na ṱhanga yo fhelelaho kana tshipiḓa, yo tikedzwa nga tshifhaṱo tsha masia mavhili, mararu kana maṋa. Zwiimiswa zwa musalauno kanzhi ndi zwifhaṱo zwa tsimbi na ngilasi/perspex, naho kha maṅwe fhethu, sa vhupo ha mahayani ha Britain, zwiimiswa zwi nga vha zwo fhaṱiwa nga zwidina zwa thanda kana nga khonthina.[3] Vhuimabisi vhu nga katela zwidulo zwiṱuku zwo fhaṱiwaho, na nḓivhadzo, hu nga vha dziphosiṱara, kana zwishumiswa zwo vhonetshelaho, zwine zwa shanduka kana zwine zwa vha na zwifanyiso. Dziṅwe zwiṱitshi zwa bisi dzi na nḓivhadzo dzine dza shumisana. U ḓivhadza zwi nga vha zwone zwine zwa ita uri hu vhe na vhudzulo, nahone u ḓivhadza zwi badela vhudzulo ha bisi.[4] Dizaini na u fhaṱiwa zwi nga vha zwi fanaho u sumbedza muṋetshedzi muhulwane wa khamphani kana muvhuso wapo, kana u vhewa zwi nga fhambana vhukuma hune muvhuso muṱuku wapo u fana na khoro ya pharishi wa vha na vhuḓifhinduleli ha u ima. Tshiimiswa tshi nga katela fanitshara ya tshiṱaraṱani yo fhambanaho u fana na bannga, mavhone na fhethu hune ha vhewa thukhwi. Zwiṱitshi zwa bisi nga zwiṅwe zwi nga sokou vhewa kha nḓila ya nga thungo/phevimennde tsini na bada, naho zwi tshi nga dovha zwa vhewa u itela u leludza u shumiswa ha nḓila ya bisi. U vhewa ho ṱanganelanaho hu nga katela u fhaṱwa ha fhethu hune bisi dza ḓa hone kana ṱhodzi ya bisi, nga ṅwambo wa zwiitisi zwa ndaulo ya vhuendi, naho u shumisa nḓila ya bisi zwi tshi nga ita uri hezwi zwi sa ṱoḓee. ‘Floating bus stop’ kana ‘bus stop bypass’ i wanala vhukati ha bada na nḓila ya baisigira, ngauralo vhanameli vha fanela u pfuka nḓila ya baisigira u itela u swika hone.[5] Dzi "wanala fhethu hoṱhe kha ḽa Netherlands, nahone dzo ḓowelea kha ḽoṱhe ḽa Yuropa".[6] Zwiṱitshi zwa bisi zwo vhalaho zwi nga vhewa fhethu huthihi u itela u leludza u fhiriswa vhukati ha nḓila. Hezwi zwi nga dzudzanywa nga mutevhe wo leluwaho u mona na tshiṱaraṱa, kana nga mutevhe wo ṱanganaho kana wa diagonal wa zwiṱitshi zwinzhi. Zwigwada zwa zwiṱitshi zwa bisi zwi nga vha zwa ndeme kha zwiṱitshi zwa vhuendi. Nga zwishumiswa zwo engedzeaho zwi ngaho kamara ya u lindela kana ofisi ya thikhithi, zwigwada zwa nnḓa zwa zwiṱitshi zwa bisi zwi nga dzhiiwa sa tshiṱitshi tsha bisi tsha fhasi. foc4dhho68di5zbbrlie5wfgc6ffqyk 23504 23503 2026-09-30T23:21:50Z Una maanda 9394 i edited 23504 wikitext text/x-wiki Dzina langa ndi Una Maanda == vhuima bisi == Zwithu zwa u ima bisi zwi bva kha thanda na tshiga zwo leluwaho, u ya kha vhudzulo ha fhasi, u ya kha zwivhumbeo zwo ṱanḓavhuwaho. Minimum yo ḓoweleaho ndi fuḽaga yo vhewaho kha thanda ine ya vha na dzina/tshiga tsho teaho. Zwiṱaha zwa u ima bisi zwi nga vha na ṱhanga yo fhelelaho kana tshipiḓa, yo tikedzwa nga tshifhaṱo tsha masia mavhili, mararu kana maṋa. Zwiimiswa zwa musalauno kanzhi ndi zwifhaṱo zwa tsimbi na ngilasi/perspex, naho kha maṅwe fhethu, sa vhupo ha mahayani ha Britain, zwiimiswa zwi nga vha zwo fhaṱiwa nga zwidina zwa thanda kana nga khonthina.[3] [[:simple:Bus_stop|1]] [[File:Station bustop - Fleet - geograph.org.uk - 8271710.jpg|thumb|Vhuima bisi]] Vhuimabisi vhu nga katela zwidulo zwiṱuku zwo fhaṱiwaho, na nḓivhadzo, hu nga vha dziphosiṱara, kana zwishumiswa zwo vhonetshelaho, zwine zwa shanduka kana zwine zwa vha na zwifanyiso. Dziṅwe zwiṱitshi zwa bisi dzi na nḓivhadzo dzine dza shumisana. U ḓivhadza zwi nga vha zwone zwine zwa ita uri hu vhe na vhudzulo, nahone u ḓivhadza zwi badela vhudzulo ha bisi.[4] Dizaini na u fhaṱiwa zwi nga vha zwi fanaho u sumbedza muṋetshedzi muhulwane wa khamphani kana muvhuso wapo, kana u vhewa zwi nga fhambana vhukuma hune muvhuso muṱuku wapo u fana na khoro ya pharishi wa vha na vhuḓifhinduleli ha u ima. Tshiimiswa tshi nga katela fanitshara ya tshiṱaraṱani yo fhambanaho u fana na bannga, mavhone na fhethu hune ha vhewa thukhwi.[https://www.gogeorge.org.za/understand-the-information-on-the-bus-stop-sign/ 2] Zwiṱitshi zwa bisi nga zwiṅwe zwi nga sokou vhewa kha nḓila ya nga thungo/phevimennde tsini na bada, naho zwi tshi nga dovha zwa vhewa u itela u leludza u shumiswa ha nḓila ya bisi. U vhewa ho ṱanganelanaho hu nga katela u fhaṱwa ha fhethu hune bisi dza ḓa hone kana ṱhodzi ya bisi, nga ṅwambo wa zwiitisi zwa ndaulo ya vhuendi, naho u shumisa nḓila ya bisi zwi tshi nga ita uri hezwi zwi sa ṱoḓee. ‘Floating bus stop’ kana ‘bus stop bypass’ i wanala vhukati ha bada na nḓila ya baisigira, ngauralo vhanameli vha fanela u pfuka nḓila ya baisigira u itela u swika hone.[5] Dzi "wanala fhethu hoṱhe kha ḽa Netherlands, nahone dzo ḓowelea kha ḽoṱhe ḽa Yuropa".[6] [https://www.gogeorge.org.za/how-to-read-the-bus-stop-signage/ 3] Zwiṱitshi zwa bisi zwo vhalaho zwi nga vhewa fhethu huthihi u itela u leludza u fhiriswa vhukati ha nḓila. Hezwi zwi nga dzudzanywa nga mutevhe wo leluwaho u mona na tshiṱaraṱa, kana nga mutevhe wo ṱanganaho kana wa diagonal wa zwiṱitshi zwinzhi. Zwigwada zwa zwiṱitshi zwa bisi zwi nga vha zwa ndeme kha zwiṱitshi zwa vhuendi. Nga zwishumiswa zwo engedzeaho zwi ngaho kamara ya u lindela kana ofisi ya thikhithi, zwigwada zwa nnḓa zwa zwiṱitshi zwa bisi zwi nga dzhiiwa sa tshiṱitshi tsha bisi tsha fhasi.[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077291X22004805 4] 18flcajv8mu3mpilli95dy8zm7h81am 0 6237 23506 2026-09-30T23:54:48Z Teekay03 9409 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365032709|Uzalo]]" 23506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Uzalo''''' ndi ḽitambwa Afurika Tshipembe ḽo bveledzwaho nga Vhabveledzi vha ngilasi dzo Ṱanganedzwaho, tshine tsha vha na vhuṋe ha Kobedi "Pepsi" Pokane na Gugu Zuma-Ncube <ref>"About Us". ''Stained Glass TV''. Retrieved 9 July 2026</ref> . Ḽo thoma u bviswa nga 2015, ḽa ṱavhanya ḽa vha nṱha nga ṅwambo wa mafhungo aḽo a takadzaho, u ṅwala, vhulivhisi na u tamba ha vhatambi vha sa ḓivhiwi. <ref>"TV with Thinus: REVIEW. SABC1's new Uzalo telenovela is light on soap, heavy on conflict as a more 'mature' Soul City that's less preachy, more dramatic". ''TV with Thinus''. 9 February 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2020.</ref> Mathomoni aḽo ḽo vha ḽi tshi anetshela nganea ya vhaṱhannga vhavhili vhe vha fhambaniswa musi vha tshi bebwa, muṅwe o alutshela muṱani u re na zwilinganyo zwa ndeme zwa Tshikhiresithe ngeno muṅwe e kha tshigwada tsha vhugevhenga. Zwa zwino ḽi hasha u bva nga Musumbuluwo u swika nga Ḽavhuṱanu kha SABC 1. <ref name="Yahoo">"SABC1's new Uzalo: 'We're not Generations'". ''news.yahoo.com''. Yahoo. 10 February 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015.</ref> <ref name="Bambalele">Bambalele, Patience (9 February 2015). "'Uzalo' hope for Zuma". ''www.filmcontact.com/''. Archived from the original on 13 September 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2015.</ref> Zwazwino ndi mbekanyamushumo ya thelevishini ine ya vhoniwa vhukuma Afurika Tshipembe. <ref name="EWN">Matangira, Lungelo. "'Uzalo' officially SA's most watched show with over 10.2m viewers". ''ewn.co.za''. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> <ref name="IKN">BOSS (6 December 2021). ""Uzalo" is the biggest show in SA". ''ikenaija.com''. Retrieved 6 December 2021.</ref> Uzalo yo thoma i tshi anetshela nganea ya miṱa mivhili ḓoroboni ya Kwa-Mashu: muṱa wa ha- Mdletshe, une wa vha na mushumo wa ndeme kha u langa Kereke ya Muvhuso wa Kwamashu, na muṱa wa ha-Xulu une wa vha na tshigwada tsha u tswa goloi. Vhuṱumani vhukati ha miṱa ho vha hu uri vhana vhavho vha vhatukana vhahulwane vho fhambaniswa musi vha tshi bebiwa nga tshifhinga tshe Nelson Mandela a vhofhololwa dzhele. <ref name="TVSATeam">"SABC1 takes on the telenovela with Uzalo". ''www.tvsa.co.za''. 13 January 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015.</ref> Musi mbekanyamushumo i tshi khou bvela phanḓa nga miṅwaha, zwiṱori zwo shanduka nga nḓila i mangadzaho nga u shandukiswa ha vhabvumbedzwa, zwa shela mulenzhe kha akhi nnzhi ntswa dza zwiṱori, fhedzi nga tshifhinga tshithihi zwa vhulunga nyaluwo ya vhaṅwe vha vhabvumbedzwa vhayo vhahulwane na vha tikedzaho. == Vhatambi na vhabvumbedzwa == jf4hatakhptrvteygq0paa3x7d07yi6