Wikipedia warwiki https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syahan_nga_Pakli MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21 first-letter Medya Pinaurog Hiruhimangraw Gumaramit Hiruhimangaw hiton gumaramit Wikipedia Hiruhimangraw hiton Wikipedia Paypay Hiruhimangraw hiton paypay MedyaWiki Hiruhimangraw hiton MedyaWiki Batakan Hiruhimangraw hiton batakan Bulig Hiruhimangaw hiton bulig Kaarangay Hiruhimangraw hiton kaarangay TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 14 7788121 7787223 2026-09-27T15:42:24Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788121 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="float: right; width: 300px; background-color: #DEF; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em;"><div style="padding: 0.5em;">''Inin nga artikulo mahitungod han '''isla han Leyte'''. Para hin impormasyon mahitungod han probinsya pakadto han artikulo nga [[Leyte (probinsya)]]. Para hin impormasyon mahitungod han bungto, pakadto ha [[Leyte, Leyte]]''</div></div> [[File:Ph_locator_map_leyte_island.png|frame|An kahamutangan han Isla han Leyte]] An '''Leyte''' usa nga isla ha [[Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]]. Amo ini an ika-walo han mga gidagko-i nga isla o puro ha Kapurupod'an han [[Pilipinas]]. Iton isla mga 180 ka kilometros (110 ka milyas) tikang ha amihanan ngadto ha salatan ug mga 65 ka kilometros (40 ka milyas) dida hiton gihaluagi nga dapit. Ha amihanan, harapit na ini malakip hiton isla han [[Samar]], nga nahabulag la hiton Estrecho han San Juanico nga iton kahaluag 2 ka kilometros (1.2 ka milyas) hin mga pipira nga dapit hini. Iton Samar ug Leyte nahadugtong pinaagi han Tulay San Juanico tikang ha Baranggay Cabalawan ha [[Syudad han Tacloban]] ngadto ha [[Santa Rita, Samar]]. Iton isla nga probinsya hiton [[Biliran]] adto gihapon ha amihanan hiton Leyte ngan nahadugtong ha isla han Leyte pinaagi hin tulay nga natabok hiton Estrecho han Biliran. Ha salatan, nahamutangan an isla han Panaon ngan sugad hiton mga isla han Biliran ug Samar, nahadugtong iton isla han Panaon ha isla han Leyte pinaagi hin tulay tikang ha [[Liloan, Southern Leyte]] ha isla han Panaon. Iton Leyte nahabulag hiton [[Mindanao]] pinaagi hiton Estrecho han Surigao. Ha sidlangan, iton Leyte baga hin "nahaastras" tikang han [[Dagat Pilipinhon]] hiton Kalawdan Pacifico, ha Samar ha amihanan-sidlangan ug [[Dinagat, Surigao del Norte|Dinagat]] ha salatan-sinirangan, nga iton kalawdan amo iton Golfo han Leyte o Kalawdan han Leyte. Ha katundan iton mga Isla han Camotes ug [[Sugbo]] ngan [[Bohol]]. Iton Leyte damo iton kagurangan ngan damo iton kabugkiran, pero damo iton pag-uma ha Leyte Valley ha amihanan-sidlangan hiton isla. == Mga Probinsya o Lalawigan == Duha iton mga lalawigan o probinsya ha isla han Leyte. Amo ini an: * [[Leyte (probinsya)|Leyte]] * [[Southern Leyte]] An [[Biliran]] kabahin han una han probinsya han Leyte pero ginhimo ini nga sub-probinsya. Han [[Mayo 11]], [[1992]] nahimo ini nga bulag nga lalawigan. == Mga Yinaknan == Duha iton lumad o tuminongnong nga pinulongan o yinaknan ha Leyte. * [[Winaray]] * [[Sinugboanon]] == Mga Sumpay ha Gawas == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010428014756/http://www.geocities.com/ebjustimbaste/ Websayt mahitungod han Kaagi han Leyte ni Emil Justimbaste] {{Biliran}} {{Leyte}} {{Southern Leyte}} [[Kaarangay:Isla hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Kalibutan Waraynon]] [[Kaarangay:Leyte| ]] 2iemgfcrxmwyixejcthvxxa83hwst0z 0 226 7788113 4725331 2026-09-27T15:37:04Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an 7788113 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Abango''' usa ka [[baranggay Pilipinhon|baranggay]] ha [[bungto Pilipinhon|bungto]] hin [[Barugo, Leyte|Barugo]] ha [[lalawigan Pilipinhon|lalawigan]] han [[Leyte (probinsya)|Leyte]] ha [[Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] nga rehiyon ha [[Pilipinas]]. Nahamutang ini ha habagatan-katundan han bungto, nakigsaro ha <i>boundaries</i> han mga bungto han [[Carigara, Leyte|Carigara]] ngan [[Tunga, Leyte|Tunga]]. ==An Tuna== An Abango may-ada kahaluag nga 237 ektarya. Ika-napulo kag pito ini nga pinakahaluag nga baranggay hin Barugo, o nasakop ha 2.8 porsyento han kabug-usan nga tuna hin Barugo. Mayda ini duha ka [[sitio Pilipinhon|sitio]]: an '''Busawon''' ngan '''Gasang'''. ==An mga Tawo== Sumala ha tuig 2000 nga <i>census</i>, an baranggay may-ada populasyon nga 852. Ika-napulo kag duha ini nga pinakadako nga populasyon ha mga baranggay hin Barugo, o 3.16 porsyento ha kabug-usan nga populasyon han bungto. May-ada 359 ka tawo ha kada kilometro kwadrado hini nga baranggay. ==Mga Industriya== Agrikultura an pinakaurug nga pakabuhi dinhi: pagtanom hin humay, mais, lubi ngan mga ''cash crops'', ngan pagmamanukan, pagbababuyan ngan pag-aalaga pa hin iba nga hayop. ==Iba pa nga Impormasyon== An pyesta hini nga baranggay para ha ira patron nga hi Santa Cruz ginseselebrar kada ika-bente otso hin Mayo. Ini nga baranggay nasasakop hin Parokya han Tunga, diri kanan Parokya han Barugo. ==Mga Opisyal han Baranggay (2001-2007)== '''Kapitan:''' Basiliso Macarandan '''[[Sangguniang Baranggay]]''' *Antonio Ilaya *Francisco Parena *Colita Quidlat *Antonio Nival *Rodolfo Lorica *Wenefredo Narido *Alejandro Damayla '''Kapitana han [[Sangguniang Kabataan|SK]]:''' Aimee Resa Tabada '''Sekretarya:'''Thelma Luceño '''Tresyurera:'''Nerena Laus ==Kasaysayan== Dati ini nga kilala ha ngaran nga '''Bariohay'''. Makit-an dinhi an usa ka salog kun diin dati naglalaba, nakuha hin tubig ngan nagpapakarigo ngan nagpapainom han ira mga alaga nga karabaw an mga nangukoy dinhi nga baranggay. Hadton panahon han pangongolonya han mga Kastila ngan mga Amerikano, kilala na ini nga salog ha ngaran na '''''Mabango''''' kay hinungod na ha ligid-ligid hini nga salog dati mayda mga puno hin Ilang-ilang na an mga bukad amo an nagpapahamot ha paligid han salog labi na kun panahon hit katsirak. An ''mabango'' usa ka salita ha [[:tl:|Tagalog]] na yinaknan na an buut signgon ''mahamot''. Pagkatapos han Ika-duha nga Giyera han Kalibutan (World War II), ginbalyuan an ngaran hini nga baranggay ha iya ngaran yana na '''Abango''', na ginkuha tikang ha ngaran han salog. {{Barugo}} [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Barugo]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Leyte]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Pilipinas]] [[en:Barugo, Leyte#Barangays]] 8m2znz9gtl32cziyfaeg043k7crd0yf 0 231 7788114 4728161 2026-09-27T15:37:30Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an 7788114 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Amahit''' usa ka [[baranggay Pilipinhon|baranggay]] ha [[bungto Pilipinhon|bungto]] hin [[Barugo, Leyte|Barugo]] ha [[lalawigan Pilipinhon|lalawigan]] han [[Leyte (probinsya)|Leyte]] ha [[Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] nga rehiyon ha [[Pilipinas]]. Pito ka kilometro an kaharayo hini tikang ha poblasyon han Barugo ngan tulo ka kilometro tikang ha bungto hin [[Tunga, Leyte|Tunga]]. Napapalibutan ini han mga baranggay [[Abango, Barugo, Leyte|Abango]], [[Can-isak, Barugo, Leyte|Can-isak]], [[Balire, Barugo, Leyte|Balire]], [[Bukid, Barugo, Leyte|Bukid]] ngan [[Pikas, Barugo, Leyte|Pikas]]. ==An Tuna== 420.29 ektarya an kahaluag han bug-os nga Baranggay Amahit. Ikaupat ini nga pinakahaluag nga baranggay ha Barugo, o nasakop ha 4.97 porsyento han kabug-usan nga tuna hin Barugo. An upat hini ka [[sitio Pilipinhon|sitio]] amo an '''Tayod''', '''Busawon''', '''Kanmugaw''' ngan '''Bungkag'''. ==An mga Tawo== Ini nga baranggay an ikaupat gihapon nga may pinakadako nga populasyon ha mga baranggay hin Barugo na sumala ha tuig 2000 nga <i>census</i>, naabot na ha 1,252 o nasakop ha 5.02 porsyento han kabug-usan nga populasyon hin Barugo. Buot signgon, may-ada 321.68 katawo kada kilometro kwadrado dinhi nga baranggay. ==Mga Industriya== Agrikultura gihapon an kaurugan nga pakabuhi dinhi. An mga tawo dinhi nagtatanom hin humay, mais, lubi, ngan mga <i>cash crops</i>, ngan nagmamangno gihapon hin mga baboy ngan pabo. An Baranggay Amahit ginsisiring nga pinakamaupay ngan pinakadako nga paraghimo hin tuba ha Barugo. ==Iba pa nga Impormasyon== Kada ika-kinse hin Hunyo, ginseselebrar han bug-os nga baranggay an pyesta para han ira patron nga hi San Roque. An Baranggay Amahit diri nasasakop han Parokya han Barugo, parte ini hiya han Parokya han Tunga. ==Mga Opisyal han Baranggay (2001-2007)== '''Kapitana:''' Angeles Avestruz '''Sangguniang Baranggay''' *Lea Parrocho *Rosalia Acebo *Donato Ayuste *Jaime Deymos *Magdalena Bullecer *Girlie Roda Acol '''Kapitana han [[Sangguniang Kabataan|SK]]:''' Renna Shiena Bureres '''Sekretarya:''' Paciencia Deymos '''Tresyurera:''' Armida Bello ==Kasaysayan== An ngaran hini nga baranggay nagtikang ha usa ka dako nga puno na an ngaran <i>amahit</i> nga hadto damo an nabuhi dida nga lugar. {{Barugo}} [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Barugo]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Leyte]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Pilipinas]] k4c118cqfkeq2m09yl9z0j166h57vhx 14 238 7788120 7787209 2026-09-27T15:41:57Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscat|Leyte}} [[Kaarangay:Isla hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] 9wnaijoshs3stl9es0zg0b0i4jvg501 0 246 7788115 6274833 2026-09-27T15:37:53Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an 7788115 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Balire''' usa ka [[baranggay Pilipinhon|baranggay]] ha [[bungto Pilipinhon|bungto]] hin [[Barugo, Leyte|Barugo]] ha [[lalawigan Pilipinhon|lalawigan]] han [[Leyte (probinsya)|Leyte]] ha [[Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] nga rehiyon ha [[Pilipinas]]. ==An Tuna== Ikanapulo kag siyam ini ha pinakahalug nga baranggay ha Barugo ha sukol nga 195.65 ektarya. Nasakop ini ha 2.31 porsyento han kabug-usan nga katunaan hin Barugo. May-ad ini usa ka [[sitio Pilipinhon|sitio]] nga an ngaran '''Gasang'''. ==An mga Tawo== Tikang han Mayo, 2000, an populasyon hini 438 ka tawo ha 87 nga banay o pamilya. Ikabiente kag siyam ini nga pinakadako nga populasyon ha mga baranggay hin Barugo ngan nasakop ha 1.63 posyento ha kabug-usan nga populasyon hin Barugo. May-ada 223.87 ka tawo kada usa ka kilometro kwadrado hini nga baranggay. ==Mga Industriya== Kaurugan nga pakabuhi dinhi nga baranggay amo an pagtatanom hin humay, mais ngan lubi. ==Iba pa nga Impormasyon== Kada ikanapulo kag unom hin Hunyo, ginseselebrar hini nga baranggay an pista para ha patron nga hi San Roque. ==Mga Opisyal han Baranggay (2001-2007)== '''Kapitan:''' Danilo Bugal '''Sangguniang Baranggay''' *Lusanta Monte *Eusebio Boreres *Pedro Cabazares *Pacita Lanante *Teodoro Bugal *Olimpiades Cola *Teresita Caubalejo '''Kapitan han [[Sangguniang Kabataan|SK]]:''' Cherie Boreres '''Sekretarya:''' Chona Ponferrada '''Tresyurera:''' Delia Makabenta ==Kasaysayan== San-o ini naging baranggay, sitio anay ini han [[Bukid, Barugo, Leyte|Bukid]]. Tawag hini hadto '''Bukid Gute''' kay tungod na bukid-bukid an hitsura han katunaan hini nga baranggay. Bumulag ini ha Baranggay Bukid han dekada 1950. An ngaran hini yana ginkuha tikang ha banwa nga tinatawag nga <i>dalire</i> nga hadto nanunubo hin duro dinhi nga baranggay. == Mga Sumpay ha Gawas == * [http://elgu.ncc.gov.ph/ecommunity/barugo/index.php?id1=8&id2=6&id3=1 Pakli han gobyerno lokal han Balire] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930113104/http://elgu.ncc.gov.ph/ecommunity/barugo/index.php?id1=8&id2=6&id3=1 |date=2007-09-30 }} {{Barugo}} [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Barugo]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Leyte]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay: Baranggay hin Pilipinas]] [[en:Barugo, Leyte#Barangays]] qdw1u9xyqjho69zdhbk2dvryi37dy9h 14 361 7788123 7787216 2026-09-27T15:44:09Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Isla hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an 7788123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscat|Samar}} [[Kaarangay:Kalibutan Waraynon]] [[Kaarangay:Isla hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] 0t9a8z0j4zx0f211t8e7gabfc2l8krc 14 487 7788122 7787227 2026-09-27T15:43:28Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Isla hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an 7788122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscat|Biliran}} [[Kaarangay:Isla hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Probinsya hin Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Probinsya hin Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Probinsya han Pilipinas]] speosz1z1k5abam4njnai1eghvz837t 14 496 7788119 4732420 2026-09-27T15:41:41Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Isla hin Kabisay-an 7788119 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kaarangay: Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay:Isla hin Kabisay-an|Sinirangan nga Kabisay-an]] 2oh9n8wlsfrklz1dss3swmv0os832xy 14 497 7788118 4732417 2026-09-27T15:40:44Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay: Mga isla han Pilipinas 7788118 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kaarangay: Kabisay-an]] [[Kaarangay: Mga isla han Pilipinas]] na1dwd9wgr0yjry5cc4oh1fjw8av6mp 14 1131 7788117 4732575 2026-09-27T15:39:30Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Kasaysayan han Kabisay-an 7788117 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kaarangay:Kasaysayan han Kabisay-an]] 06052fywlz9iwp49tnhba2i51thehf9 0 2555 7788125 7770980 2026-09-27T16:00:42Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kasaysayan han moderno nga musika 7788125 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Musika''' usa nga forma hin pag-expresar pinaagi ha [[takna]] nga nagamit han mga [[istruktura]] han mga tingog o mga [[tunog]] nga [[silencio]]. Ini an paghimo hin mga komplekado nga mga forma ha takna pinaagi hin paghimo hin mga [[pattern]] ngan mga [[kombinasyon]] hin natural nga stimuli, pinaagi ha [[tunog]] o tingog. Komo buruhaton hin katawhan, iton musika puyde gamiton para hin mga artistiko o aestetiko, [[komunikasyon|pagkomunikar]], [[pagli-aw]], o pan-seremonyas nga mga paggamit. An mga [[depinisyon hin musika|depinisyon]] kon ano iton musika nag-iiba depende ha kultura ngan kontexto sosyal. == Kasaysayan han moderno nga musika == Nag-uswag an [[jazz]] ngan nagin importante nga genre han musika ha paglabay han ika-20 [[siglo]], ngan ha ika-duha nga katunga, amo liwat an ginbuhat han [[rock]] nga musika. An tradisyonal nga seksyon han ritmo para han moderno nga sikat nga musika amo an ritmo nga [[sista]], [[dikuryente nga sista]], ngan tambol. An iba nga mga banda mayda mga instrumento hin keyboard sugad han [[organo (musika)|organo]], [[piano]], o, tikang han dekada 1970, mga analogo nga synthesizer. Han dekada 1980, an mga musikero nga pop nagtikang paggamit hin mga digital nga synthesizer, sugad han DX-7 nga synthesizer, elektroniko nga mga makina hin tambol sugad han TR-808, ngan mga gamit hin synth bass (sugad han TB-303) o synth bass keyboards. Han dekada 2020, an mga mahumok nga synth ngan mga app han musika ha [[kompyuter]] in nakakahimo han mga prodyuser ha kwarto nga katurog nga maghimo ngan magrekord hin mga klase hin musika, sugad han [[musika elektronika|elektroniko nga musika]], ha ira balay, pagdugang hin mga sampol ngan digital nga mga instrumento ngan pag-edit han pagrekord hin digital. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Reflist}} ==Padugang nga barasahon== * Colles, Henry Cope (1978). ''The Growth of Music: A Study in Musical History'', 4th ed., London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-316116-8 ([http://books.google.com/books?id=PrkNAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover 1913 edition online] at [[Google Book Search|Google Books]]) * {{cite journal | last1 = Harwood | first1 = Dane | year = 1976 | title = Universals in Music: A Perspective from Cognitive Psychology | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_ethnomusicology_1976-09_20_3/page/521| journal = Ethnomusicology | volume = 20 | issue = 3| pages = 521–33 | doi = 10.2307/851047 }} * Small, Christopher (1977). ''Music, Society, Education''. John Calder Publishers, London. ISBN 0-7145-3614-8 ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Sister project links|Music}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/blast/music/ BBC Blast Music] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329210733/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blast/music/ |date=2013-03-29 }} For 13–19-year-olds interested in learning about, making, performing and talking about music. * [http://www.music.vt.edu/musicdictionary/ The Virginia Tech Multimedia Music Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022022300/http://www.music.vt.edu/musicdictionary/ |date=2014-10-22 }}, with definitions, pronunciations, examples, quizzes and simulations * [http://www.music-web.org/ The Music-Web Music Encyclopedia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729042731/http://www.music-web.org/ |date=2017-07-29 }}, for musicians, composers and music lovers * [http://dolmetsch.com/musictheorydefs.htm Dolmetsch free online music dictionary], complete, with references to a list of specialised music dictionaries (by continent, by instrument, by genre, etc.) * [http://www.naxos.com/education/glossary.asp Musical Terms] – Glossary of music terms from Naxos * [http://www.uned.es/dpto_fil/revista/polemos/articulos/MA_Quintana_On%20Hermeneutical%20Ethics%20&%20Education%20(Internet)2.doc "On Hermeneutical Ethics and Education: Bach als Erzieher"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727175845/http://www.uned.es/dpto_fil/revista/polemos/articulos/MA_Quintana_On%20Hermeneutical%20Ethics%20%26%20Education%20%28Internet%292.doc |date=2013-07-27 }}, a paper by Prof. Miguel Ángel Quintana Paz in which he explains the history of the different views hold about music in Western societies, since the Ancient Greece to our days. * [http://www.bsmny.org/features Monthly Online Features From Bloomingdale School of Music] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529130844/http://www.bsmny.org/features |date=2016-05-29 }}, addressing a variety of musical topics for a wide audience * [http://www.musicfoundations.org/pages/3/index.htm Arts and Music Uplifting Society towards Transformation and Tolerance] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117111909/http://www.musicfoundations.org/pages/3/index.htm |date=2020-01-17 }} Articles meant to stimulate people's awareness about the peace enhancing, transforming, communicative, educational and healing powers of music. * [http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=musical-chills-related-to-brain-dop-11-01-09 Scientific American, ''Musical Chills Related to Brain Dopamine Release''] [[Kaarangay:Musika| ]] qv6tyy8osjrkbe1cpt0hvcd8ci6nwo3 14 6091 7788116 4725846 2026-09-27T15:38:19Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 Ginredirecta an pakli ngada ha [[Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an]] 7788116 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect [[Kaarangay:Baranggay: Kabisay-an]] b4dspgwk00bg5ux8ljz49ce6o72c6yk 0 8524 7788134 7775541 2026-09-27T16:59:56Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788134 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Bird Diversity 2013.png|thumbnail|katamsihan]] {{Taxobox | name = Aves | status = | image = | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = '''Aves''' | ordo = | familia = | genus = | species = | binomial = Aves | binomial_authority = | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = }} '''Tamsi''' (clade '''Avialae''' or class '''Aves''')<ref name = "COL"/> in uska [[classis]] han [[Chordata]]. An Aves in nahilalakip ha [[phylum]] nga [[chordata ()|Chordata]], ngan [[regnum]] nga [[Animalia]].<ref name = "COL"/> An [[classis]] nga Aves naglalakip hin 9484 ka mga species, sumala ha [[Catalogue of Life]]<ref name = "COL"/>. Ini hira mayda duha nga tiil, mapaso it dugo, bertebrado ngan nabunay nga hayop. ==Klasipikasyon== [[File:Naturkundemuseum Berlin - Archaeopteryx - Eichstätt.jpg|alt= Slab of stone with fossil bones and feather impressions|thumb|right|''[[Archaeopteryx lithographica]]'' ginkokonsidera na pinakuna san katamsihan]] An una na kalsipikasyon san katamsihan gin himo ni [[Francis Willughby]] ngan [[John Ray]] san ira 1676 ka-volume na ''Ornithologiae''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=del Hoyo |first=Josep |author2=Andy Elliott|author3=Jordi Sargatal |title=[[Handbook of Birds of the World]], Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks | date = 1992 |publisher=[[Lynx Edicions]] |location=Barcelona |isbn=84-87334-10-5}}</ref> Gin bag'o ni [[Carolus Linnaeus]] an buhat sadton 1758 ngan ginhimo an sistema na [[taxonomic classification]] na ginagamit hasta yana.<ref> {{la icon}} {{Cite book|last=Linnaeus |first=Carolus |authorlink=Carolus Linnaeus |title=[[Systema Naturae|Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata]] |publisher=Holmiae. (Laurentii Salvii) | date = 1758 |page=824 |url=}}</ref> Ginkilala an tamsi bilang ''Class Aves'' sa ''[[Linnaean taxonomy]]''. Sa ''[[Phylogenetic taxonomy]]'' nahihimutang an tamsi sa ''dinosaur clade'' na [[Theropoda]].<ref name="Theropoda">{{Cite journal |date= Enero 2007 | title=Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion | journal=[[Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society]] | volume=149 | issue=1 | pages=1–95 | doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00293.x | pmid=18784798 | last1=Livezey | first1=Bradley C. | last2=Zusi | first2=RL | pmc=2517308}}</ref> An [[kladograma]] hini sumala ha ''[[Catalogue of Life]]''<ref name = "COL"/>: {{Clade | label1 = [[chordata ()|Chordata]]&nbsp; | 1={{Clade | label1 = '''&nbsp;aves&nbsp;''' | 1={{Clade | 1=''[[Accipitriformes]]'' -([[agila]], banog, [[manaol|bwetre]]) | 2=''[[Anseriformes]]'' -([[pato]], [[ganso]], [[itik]]) | 3=''[[Apodiformes]]'' | 4=''[[Bucerotiformes]]'' - ([[kalaw]]) | 5=''[[Ciconiiformes]]'' | 6=''[[Coliiformes]]'' | 7=''[[Columbiformes]]'' -([[sarapati]]) | 8=''[[Coraciiformes]]'' -([[takray]]) | 9=''[[Craciformes]]'' | 10=''[[Cuculiformes]]'' -(''cuckoo'') | 11=''[[Galbuliformes]]'' | 12=''[[Galliformes]]'' -([[manok]], [[pogo]], [[pabo]], tabon) | 13=''[[Gruiformes]]'' -(tinggaw) | 14=''[[Leptosomiformes]]'' | 15=''[[Musophagiformes]]'' | 16=''[[Passeriformes]]'' -([[uwak]], [[maya]], [[tagmaya]], siwit, gitgit, palago) | 17=''[[Piciformes]]'' -(''woodpeckers'') | 18=''[[Psittaciformes]]'' -([[pikoy]]) | 19=''[[Strigiformes]]'' -([[bukaw]], tagkaro) | 20=''[[Struthioniformes]]'' -(''ostritch'') | 21=''[[Tinamiformes]]'' | 22=''[[Trogoniformes]]'' -(''trogons'') | 23=''[[Turniciformes]]'' | 24=''[[Upupiformes]]'' }} | 2=[[Actinopterygii]] | 3=[[Amphibia]] | 4=[[Appendicularia]] | 5=[[Ascidiacea]] | 6=[[Cephalaspidomorphi]] | 7=[[Cephalochordata]] | 8=[[Elasmobranchii]] | 9=[[Holocephali]] | 10=[[Mammalia]] | 11=[[Myxini]] | 12=[[Reptilia]] | 13=[[Sarcopterygii]] | 14=[[Thaliacea]] }} }} ==Ebolusyon== Base san mga fossil ngan biolohikal na mga ebidensya, an katamsiha amo in usa na <nowiki>''specialised subgroup''</nowiki> san theropoda na dinosaur.<ref>Prum, Richard O. Prum (19 Disyembre 2008). "Who's Your Daddy?". ''Science''. '''322''' (5909): 1799–1800. doi:10.1126/science.1168808. <nowiki>PMID 19095929</nowiki>.</ref> An pinakauna na mga ''avialan fossils'' na nahiagian nagtitikang sa ''Tiaojishan Formation'' sa Tsina, sadton ''late Jurassic period (Oxfordian stage)'', mga 160 milyones katuig an nakalabay. An mga ''avialan species'' na nagtikang sini na panahon amo an ''Anchiornis huxleyi'', ''Xiaotingia zhengi'', ngan ''Aurornis xui''.<ref> Pascal Godefroit; Andrea Cau; Hu Dong-Yu; François Escuillié; Wu Wenhao; Gareth Dyke (2013). "A Jurassic avialan dinosaur from China resolves the early phylogenetic history of birds". Nature. 498 (7454): 359–362. Bibcode:2013Natur.498..359G. doi:10.1038/nature12168. PMID 23719374</ref> An pinaka-kilala na ''avialan'', an [[Archaeopteryx]], nagtitikang sadton 155 milyones katuig an nakalabay sa Germany. Nagdaramo an ''avialans'' sin magkadurudilain na porma sadton ''Cretaceous Period''.<ref>Chiappe, Luis M. (2007). Glorified Dinosaurs: The Origin and Early Evolution of Birds. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. ISBN 978-0-86840-413-4.</ref> ==Anatomiya== Kompara san iba na ''vertebrates'', an tamsi may ada kalawas na may kakaiba na ''adaptations'', para san iya paglupad. ===Sistema Skeletal=== An skeleton san tamsi amo in mag-gaan na mga tul'an. May mga dagko na luho o ''cavities'' ini na puno sin hangin na gintatawag na ''pneumatic cavities'' ngan naka konekta sa respiratory system.<ref>Ehrlich, Paul R.; David S. Dobkin; Darryl Wheye (1988). "Adaptations for Flight". Birds of Stanford. Stanford University. Retrieved 13 Disyembre 2007. Based on The Birder's Handbook (Paul Ehrlich, David Dobkin, and Darryl Wheye. 1988. Simon and Schuster, New York.)</ref> Bug'os an bungo san arog na tamsi ngan wara makikita na ''cranial sutures''.<ref>Gill, Frank (1995). Ornithology. New York: WH Freeman and Co. ISBN 0-7167-2415-4.</ref> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{Cite web|url= https://catalogueoflife.org/services/res/2011AC_26July.zip|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012|archive-date= 18 Hunyo 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120618223324/https://catalogueoflife.org/services/res/2011AC_26July.zip|url-status= dead}}</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Aves}} {{Wikispecies|Aves|''Aves''}} [[Kaarangay:Aves]] [[Kaarangay:Tamsi| ]] g9u19qgw3mbhsuue6resimqy1s7e59o 0 8832 7788135 7783696 2026-09-27T17:00:32Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788135 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayl:Milkfish.jpg|right|thumb|300 px|Bangus - usa ka klase nga '''Isda''']] An '''Isda''' amo an usa ka [[hayop]] nga ugsob mabilngan ha dagat ug ha matab-ang nga tubig, may butaktok, may hasang, ngan hingbis. May ada lahos 32,000 na species an isda. Kadam'an san kaisdaan amo in gintatawag na ''ectothermic'' o ''cold blooded''. Daramo na klase sin isda an mahihiagian sa palibot sa Pilipinas. An mga masunod amo an mga kilala na isda; [[bangus]], tarukitok, [[pating]], tambantamban, [[lahing]], karpa, kipot, tangigi, unas, [[pantat]], [[haruan]], [[matambaka]], [[buraw]], sagision, iito, [[tilapia]], bangkulis, [[iliw]], [[malasugi]], [[sapsap]], baraka, bakoko, [[balanak]] ngan galunggong . [[Paypay:Cyprinus carpio.jpeg|thumbnail|Karpa]] ==Ebolusyon== Una na ginuwas an isda sadton ''[[Cambrian explosion]]'', mga 530 milyon katuig an nakalabay. An mga una na isda sigun san mga ''fossil record'' amo in digto, waray sulang, ngan ''armored'', ngan gintatawag na '''ostracoderms'''. ''Extinct'' na haros an linya san mga waray sulang na isda. Sayo na ''extant clade'', an ''lampreys'' an napareho san mga sadton wara sulang na isda. Sa ''Placoderm fossils'' an una mga sulang san isda ginuwas, san panahon sa ''Silurian''. Ngan ginsundan na ini san pagkaguwas ngan pagdaramo san mga pating. ==Taxonomiya== Ginbabahin sa tulo na ''extant class'' ngan an extinct danay sakob san tulo na extant og may kalugaringun na ''class'' sa traditional na klasipikasyon san mga isda:<ref name="Romer, A 1977">[[Alfred Romer|Romer, A.S]]. & T.S. Parsons. 1977. ''The Vertebrate Body.'' 5th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia. (6th ed. 1985)</ref><ref>Benton, M. J. (1998) The quality of the fossil record of vertebrates. Pp. 269–303, in Donovan, S. K. and Paul, C. R. C. (eds), The adequacy of the fossil record, Fig. 2. Wiley, New York, 312 pp.</ref> * Class [[Agnatha]] (''jawless fish'') ** Subclass [[Cyclostomata]] (''hagfish'' ngan ''lamprey'') ** Subclass [[Ostracodermi]] (''armoured jawless fish'') † * Class [[Chondrichthyes]] (cartilaginous fish) ** Subclass [[Elasmobranchii]] (mga [[pating]] ngan [[pagi]]) ** Subclass [[Holocephali]] ([[chimaera]]s ngan ''extinct relatives'') * Class [[Placodermi]] (''armoured fish'') † * Class [[Acanthodii]] ("spiny sharks", danay sakob san bony fishes)† * Class [[Osteichthyes]] (''bony fish'') ** Subclass [[Actinopterygii]] (''ray finned fishes'') ** Subclass [[Sarcopterygii]] (''fleshy finned fishes'', ninuno san tetrapods) ==Anatomiya== [[File:Lampanyctodes hectoris (Hector's lanternfish).svg|thumb|350px|An anatomiya san ''Lampanyctodes hectoris'' <br /> (1) – operculum (takop san hasang), (2) – lateral line, (3) – dorsal fin, (4) – fat fin, (5) – caudal peduncle, (6) – caudal fin, (7) – anal fin, (8) – photophores, (9) – pelvic fins (paired), (10) – pectoral fins (magpadis)]] ===Hasang=== Kadam'an san isda nakuha hangin pinaagi san [[hasang]] na ada sa ligid sa ngala-ngala san isda. May'ada mga mali-ulang na struktura an hasang na tinatawag na ''filaments''. An kada filament may'ada ''capillary network'' na may darako na ''surface area'' para san pagsalyo [[oxygen]] sa [[carbon dioxide]]. Nakuha an isda hangin pinaagi sa pahigop tubig na mayaman sa oxygen ngan ibubuga pagawas sa hasang. Sa iba na isda, an agos san dugo baliktad na direksyon san agos san ginhigop na tubig, an ''countercurrent exchange''. Ginbubuga san hasang an ''oxygen-poor'' na tubig pagawas. An isda sugad san [[pating]] ngan [[lamprey]], mayada daramon na gawasan an hasang. An ''bony fish'' o tonukon na isda may'ada la sayo na gawasan an hasang na natatakpan san [[operculum (fish)|operculum]]. An bata pa na ''bichir'' may'ada hasang na nakagawas, napareho ini san larva na [[ampibyan]]. ===Kasing-kasing=== May'ada ''closed-loop circulatory system'' an isda. Ginbobomba an dugo sa [[kasing-kasing]] sa bug'os na lawas. An kadam'an sa isda may kasing-kasing na may upat na parte, kaupod an duha na ''chambers'' ngan an suluran ngan guwaan.<ref name="Setaro">{{Cite book|last=Setaro|first=John F.| date = 1999|title=Circulatory System|publisher=Microsoft Encarta 99}}</ref> An una na parte amo an [[sinus venosus]], usa na manipis na ''sac'' na kolekta san dugo tikang sa mga ugat antis ipaagus ngadto sa ikaduha na parte, an [[Atrium (kasing-kasing)|atrium]], na usa na darako na ''chamber'' o kwarto. Nagseserbi an atrium na ''one-way'' na ''antechamber'', nagdadara san dugo pakadto san ikatulo na parte, an [[Ventricle (heart)|ventricle]]. An ventricle amo in usa na ''thick-walled'', ngan maskulado na kwarto ngan nagbobomba san dugo pakadto sa ikaupat na parte, an [[bulbus arteriosus]], usa na dako na tubo, ngan paguwas san kasing-kasing. An ''bulbus arteriosus'' nagkokonekta sa [[aorta]], kun diin naagi an dugo pakadto sa hasang para sa ''oxygenation''. ===Hingbis=== An hingbis san isda nagtitikang sa ''mesoderm'' (panit); pareho sini an istruktura sa tango. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ==Mga reperensya== {{refbegin}} * {{Cite web |last1=Eschmeyer |first1=William N. |last2=Fong |first2=Jon David |date=2013 |url=http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/ |title=Catalog of Fishes |publisher=California Academy of Sciences }} * {{Cite book|last1=Helfman|first1=G.|last2=Collette|first2=B.|last3=Facey|first3=D.|title=The Diversity of Fishes|url=https://archive.org/details/diversityoffishe0000helf|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|date=1997|isbn=978-0-86542-256-8|ref=harv|edition=1st}} * {{Cite book|last1=Moyle |first1=Peter B. |last2=Cech |first2=Joseph J. | date = 2003 |title=Fishes, An Introduction to Ichthyology |url=https://archive.org/details/fishesintroducti0000moyl_j9n1 |edition=5th |publisher=Benjamin Cummings |isbn=978-0-13-100847-2}} * {{Cite book |last=Nelson |first=Joseph S. |authorlink=Joseph S. Nelson |date=2006 |title=Fishes of the World |edition=4th |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9780471756446 |format=PDF |url=http://www.somas.stonybrook.edu/~conover/Textbooks/Fishes%2520of%2520the%2520World%2C%25204th%2520ed.%2520Joseph%2520S.%2520Nelson.pdf |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130305052159/http://www.somas.stonybrook.edu/~conover/Textbooks/Fishes%20of%20the%20World,%204th%20ed.%20Joseph%20S.%20Nelson.pdf |archivedate=5 Marso 2013 |accessdate=30 Abril 2013 |ref=harv }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130305052159/http://www.somas.stonybrook.edu/~conover/Textbooks/Fishes%20of%20the%20World%2C%204th%20ed.%20Joseph%20S.%20Nelson.pdf |date=2013-03-05 }} {{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.somas.stonybrook.edu/~conover/Textbooks/Fishes%20of%20the%20World,%204th%20ed.%20Joseph%20S.%20Nelson.pdf |access-date=25 Enero 2015 |archive-date=5 Marso 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130305052159/http://www.somas.stonybrook.edu/~conover/Textbooks/Fishes%20of%20the%20World,%204th%20ed.%20Joseph%20S.%20Nelson.pdf |url-status= }} {{refend}} ==Padugang nga barasahon== * {{Cite book|last1=Helfman |first1=G. |last2=Collette |first2=B. |last3=Facey |first3=D. |last4=Bowen |first4=B. | date = 2009 |url=http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/helfman/ |title=The Diversity of Fishes: Biology, Evolution, and Ecology |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |isbn=978-1-4051-2494-2 |edition=2nd}} * Moyle, Peter B. (1993) [http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=cu-J9tqy4IQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Fish:+An+Enthusiast%27s+Guide&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YUp3Up_UCo6jiAf3z4CADA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Fish%3A%20An%20Enthusiast%27s%20Guide&f=false ''Fish: An Enthusiast's Guide''] University of California Press. ISBN 9780520916654 – good lay text. * [[Neil Shubin|Shubin, Neil]] (2009) [http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=c008kdNwR1cC&dq=%22Your+Inner+Fish%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1qOyUJCqOorsmAX5xYCwDg&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA ''Your inner fish: A journey into the 3.5 billion year history of the human body''] Vintage Books. ISBN 9780307277459. [http://www.uctv.tv/search-details.aspx?showID=16412 ''UCTV'' interview] ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category multi|Fish|Actinopterygii|align=right|Marine aquarium fish|Freshwater aquarium fish}} {{Wiktionary|fish}} {{Wikispecies|Actinopterygii}} {{EB1911 poster|Fish}} * [http://db.angfa.org.au/ ANGFA] – Illustrated database of freshwater fishes of Australia and New Guinea * [http://www.fischinfos.de/ Fischinfos.de] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111130234923/http://fischinfos.de/ |date=2011-11-30 }} – Illustrated database of the freshwater fishes of Germany {{de icon}} * [http://www.fishbase.org/ FishBase online] – Comprehensive database with information on over 29,000 fish species * [http://fishdata.siu.edu/ Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218211743/http://fishdata.siu.edu/ |date=2015-02-18 }} – Data outlet for fisheries and aquaculture research center in the central US * [http://www.poppe-images.com/ Philippines Fishes] – Database with thousands of Philippine Fishes photographed in natural habitat * [http://www.nativefish.org/ The Native Fish Conservancy] – Conservation and study of North American freshwater fishes * [http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=topic&fid=2888 United Nation] – Fisheries and Aquaculture Department: Fish and seafood utilization * [http://content.lib.washington.edu/cgi-bin/queryresults.exe?CISOOP=adv&CISORESTMP=%2Fsite-templates%2Fsearch_results-sub.html&CISOVIEWTMP=%2Fsite-templates%2Fitem_viewer.html&CISOMODE=thumb&CISOGRID=thumbnail%2CA%2C1%3Btitle%2CA%2C1%3Bsubjec%2CA%2C0%3Bdescri%2C200%2C0%3B0%2CA%2C0%3B10&CISOBIB=title%2CA%2C1%2CN%3Bsubjec%2CA%2C0%2CN%3Bdescri%2CK%2C0%2CN%3B0%2CA%2C0%2CN%3B0%2CA%2C0%2CN%3B10&CISOTHUMB=3%2C5&CISOTITLE=10&CISOPARM=%2Ffishimages%3Asubjec%3Afish&x=20&y=1 University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections]{{Dead link|date=December 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }} – Digital collection of freshwater and marine fish images * {{Cite NIE|wstitle=Fish| date = 1905|author=[[Charles B. Davenport]]; [[Ernest Ingersoll]] |short=x}} [[Kaarangay:Isda| ]] sfwlw9o9wteugiw7xr6b42t503vktce 0 15172 7788150 7758341 2026-09-27T20:26:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Add 1 book for verifiability (20260927)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 7788150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox scientist |name = Carl Friedrich Gauss |image = Carl Friedrich Gauss.jpg |caption = Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855), painted by [[Christian Albrecht Jensen]] |birth_date = {{birth date|1777|4|30|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Braunschweig]], [[Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]], [[Holy Roman Empire]] |death_date = {{death date and age|1855|2|23|1777|4|30|df=y}} |death_place = [[Göttingen]], [[Kingdom of Hanover]] |residence = [[Kingdom of Hanover]] |citizenship = |nationality = [[Germany|German]] |ethnicity = |fields = [[Mathematics]] and [[Physics]] |workplaces = [[University of Göttingen]] |alma_mater = [[University of Helmstedt]] |doctoral_advisor = [[Johann Friedrich Pfaff]] |academic_advisors = [[Johann Christian Martin Bartels]] |doctoral_students = [[Friedrich Bessel]]<br />[[Christoph Gudermann]]<br />[[Christian Ludwig Gerling]]<br />[[Richard Dedekind]]<br />[[Johann Franz Encke|Johann Encke]]<br />[[Johann Benedict Listing|Johann Listing]]<br />[[Bernhard Riemann]]<br />[[Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters|Christian Peters]]<br />[[Moritz Cantor]] |notable_students = [[Gotthold Eisenstein]]<br />[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br />[[Ernst Kummer]]<br />[[Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet|Johann Dirichlet]]<br />[[August Ferdinand Möbius]]<br />[[Julius Weisbach]]<br />[[L. C. Schnürlein]] |known_for = [[List of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|See full list]] |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = [[Sophie Germain]] |awards = [[Copley Medal]] (1838) |signature = Carl Friedrich Gauß signature.svg |footnotes = |Religion = theist,<ref name="mathsong.com"/> possibly Christian }} Hi '''Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss''' (30 Abril 1777 – 23 Pebrero 1855) usa nga Aleman nga matematiko ngan syentipiko nga dako an naibulig ha lain-lain nga butang sugad han [[teorya han ihap]], [[estadistika]], [[analisis]], [[heyometriya diferensyal]], [[heodisya]], [[elektrostatika]], [[astronomiya]], ngan [[optika]]. == Mga sinurat == * 1799: Disserytasyon pandoktoral han Panguna nga teyorema han alhebra, nga may titulo: ''Demonstratio nova theorematis omnem functionem algebraicam rationalem integram unius variabilis in factores reales primi vel secundi gradus resolvi posse'' ("New proof of the theorem that every integral algebraic function of one variable can be resolved into real factors (i.e., polynomials) of the first or second degree") * 1801: [http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?PPN235993352 ''Disquisitiones Arithmeticae'']. Hinubad ha Inaleman ni H. Maser {{Cite document | title = Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory) (Ikaduha nga edisyon) | publisher = Chelsea | location = New York | date = 1965 | isbn = 0-8284-0191-8 | postscript = <!--None-->}}, pp.&nbsp;1&ndash;453. Hinubad ha Iningles ni Arthur A. Clarke {{Cite document | title = Disquisitiones Arithemeticae (Ikaduha, ginliwat nga edisyon) | publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]] | location = New York | date = 1986 | isbn = 0-387-96254-9 | postscript = <!--None-->}}. * 1808: {{Cite document | title = Theorematis arithmetici demonstratio nova | publisher = Comment. Soc. regiae sci, Göttingen XVI | location = Göttingen | postscript = <!--None--> }}. Hinubad ha Inaleman ni H. Maser {{Cite document | title = Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae ngan iba nga papeles hinunong han teyorya han ihap) (Ikaduha nga edisyon) | publisher = Chelsea | location = New York | date = 1965 | isbn = 0-8284-0191-8 | postscript = <!--None-->}}, pp.&nbsp;457&ndash;462 [Ginpakilala an [[Gauss's lemma (number theory)|Gauss's lemma]], nga nagamit hin ikatulo nga pruweba han reciprocidad kwadratiko] * 1809: [http://books.google.com/books?id=ORUOAAAAQAAJ&dq=Theoria+Motus+Corporum+Coelestium+in+sectionibus+conicis+solem+ambientium&cad=0 ''Theoria Motus Corporum Coelestium in sectionibus conicis solem ambientium''] (Theorie der Bewegung der Himmelskörper, die die Sonne in Kegelschnitten umkreisen), Hinubad ha Iningles ni C. H. Davis, reprinted 1963, Dover, New York. * 1811: {{Cite document | title = Summatio serierun quarundam singularium | publisher = Comment. Soc. regiae sci, Göttingen | location = Göttingen | postscript = <!--None--> }}. Hinubad ha Inaleman ni H. Maser {{Cite document | title = Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory) (Second edition) | publisher = Chelsea | location = New York | date = 1965 | isbn = 0-8284-0191-8 | postscript = <!--None-->}}, pp.&nbsp;463&ndash;495 [Determinasyon han sinyales han [[quadratic Gauss sum]], nga nagamit hini para makahatag han ikaupat nga pruweba han reciprosidad kwadtatiko] * 1812: ''Disquisitiones Generales Circa Seriem Infinitam'' <math>1+\frac{\alpha\beta}{\gamma.1}+\mbox{etc.}</math> * 1818: {{Cite document | title = Theorematis fundamentallis in doctrina de residuis quadraticis demonstrationes et amplicationes novae | publisher = Comment. Soc. regiae sci, Göttingen | location = Göttingen | postscript = <!--None--> }}. Hinubad ha Inaleman ni H. Maser {{Cite document | title = Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory) (Second edition) | publisher = Chelsea | location = New York | date = 1965 | isbn = 0-8284-0191-8 | postscript = <!--None-->}}, pp.&nbsp;496&ndash;510 [Fifth and sixth proofs of quadratic reciprocity] * 1821, 1823 und 1826: ''Theoria combinationis observationum erroribus minimis obnoxiae''. Drei Abhandlungen betreffend die Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung als Grundlage des Gauß'schen Fehlerfortpflanzungsgesetzes. (Three essays concerning the calculation of probabilities as the basis of the Gaussian law of error propagation) Hinubad ha Iningles ni G. W. Stewart, 1987, Society for Industrial Mathematics. * 1827: [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN35283028X_0006_2NS ''Disquisitiones generales circa superficies curvas''], Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingesis Recentiores. Volume '''VI''', pp.&nbsp;99–146. "[http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=umhistmath;idno=ABR1255 General Investigations of Curved Surfaces]" (published 1965) Raven Press, New York, translated by A.M.Hiltebeitel and J.C.Morehead. * 1828: {{Cite document | title = Theoria residuorum biquadraticorum, Commentatio prima | publisher = Comment. Soc. regiae sci, Göttingen 6 | location = Göttingen | postscript = <!--None-->}}. Hinubad ha Inaleman ni H. Maser {{Cite document | title = Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory) (Second edition) | publisher = Chelsea | location = New York | date = 1965 | isbn = 0-8284-0191-8 | postscript = <!--None-->}}, pp.&nbsp;511&ndash;533 [Elementary facts about biquadratic residues, proves one of the supplements of the law of [[biquadratic reciprocity]] (the biquadratic character of 2)] * 1832: {{Cite document | title = Theoria residuorum biquadraticorum, Commentatio secunda | publisher = Comment. Soc. regiae sci, Göttingen 7 | location = Göttingen | postscript = <!--None-->}}. Hinubad ha Inaleman ni H. Maser {{Cite document | title = Untersuchungen über höhere Arithmetik (Disquisitiones Arithmeticae & other papers on number theory) (Second edition) | publisher = Chelsea | location = New York | date = 1965 | isbn = 0-8284-0191-8 | postscript = <!--None-->}}, pp.&nbsp;534&ndash;586 [Introduces the [[Gaussian integers]], states (without proof) the law of [[biquadratic reciprocity]], proves the supplementary law for 1 + ''i''] * 1843/44: ''[http://dz-srv1.sub.uni-goettingen.de/contentserver/contentserver?command=docconvert&docid=D39018 Untersuchungen über Gegenstände der Höheren Geodäsie. Erste Abhandlung]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}'', [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN250442582_0002 Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Göttingen. Zweiter Band], pp.&nbsp;3–46 * 1846/47: ''[http://dz-srv1.sub.uni-goettingen.de/contentserver/contentserver?command=docconvert&docid=D39036 Untersuchungen über Gegenstände der Höheren Geodäsie. Zweite Abhandlung]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}'', [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN250442582_0003 Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Göttingen. Dritter Band], pp.&nbsp;3–44 * ''Mathematisches Tagebuch 1796–1814'', Ostwaldts Klassiker, Harri Deutsch Verlag 2005, mit Anmerkungen von Neumamn, ISBN 978-3-8171-3402-1 (English translation with annotations by Jeremy Gray: Expositiones Math. 1984) * [http://dz-srv1.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cache/toc/D38910.html Kan Gauss mga tinirok nga ginbuhat in aada-ha-linya dinhi]{{Dead link|date=December 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }} Naglalakip ini han mga hinubad ha Inaleman han Linatin nga mga teksto ngan mga komentaryo tikang ha mga dirudilain mga otoridad == Mga kasarigan == {{reflist}} == Padugang nga barasahon == * {{Cite book|title=Gauss: A Biographical Study|url=https://archive.org/details/gaussbiographica0000buhl|first=Walter Kaufmann|last=Bühler|publisher=Springer-Verlag|year=1987|isbn=0-387-10662-6|ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Dunnington|first=G. Waldo.|title=Carl Friedrich Gauss: Titan of Science |url=https://archive.org/details/carlfriedrichgau0000dunn|publisher=The Mathematical Association of America|year=2003|isbn=0-88385-547-X |oclc=53933110}} * {{cite book |last=Gauss|first=Carl Friedrich|others=tr. Arthur A. Clarke|title=[[Disquisitiones Arithmeticae]]|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1965|isbn=0-300-09473-6}} * {{cite book |last=Hall |first=Tord |title=Carl Friedrich Gauss: A Biography |url=https://archive.org/details/carlfriedrichgau00tord |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |year=1970 |isbn=0-262-08040-0 |oclc=185662235}} * {{cite book |last=Kehlmann |first=Daniel |title=[[Measuring the World|Die Vermessung der Welt]] |publisher=Rowohlt |year=2005 |isbn=3-498-03528-2 |oclc=144590801}} * {{cite book |last= Sartorius von Waltershausen |first=Wolfgang |authorlink=Wolfgang Sartorius von Waltershausen |title=''[https://archive.org/details/gauss00waltgoog Gauss: A Memorial]'' |publisher= |location= |isbn= |year=1966 }} * {{cite book |last=Simmons |first=J. |title=The Giant Book of Scientists: The 100 Greatest Minds of All Time |publisher=The Book Company |location=Sydney |isbn= |year=1996 }} * {{cite book |last=Tent |first=Margaret |title=The Prince of Mathematics: Carl Friedrich Gauss |url=https://archive.org/details/princeofmathemat0000mbwt |publisher=A K Peters |location= |isbn= 1-56881-455-0 |year=2006 }} == Mga sumpay ha gawas == {{commons|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß}} {{wikisource|Author:Carl Friedrich Gauss|Carl Friedrich Gauss}} {{wikiquote}} * {{Gutenberg author | id=Gauss,+Karl+Friedrich | name=Karl Friedrich Gauss}} * {{Internet Archive author}} * {{Internet Archive author |name=Karl Friedrich Gauss}} * {{planetmath reference |id=5594 |title=Carl Friedrich Gauss}} * [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN235957348 Complete works] * [http://www.gausschildren.org Gauss and his children] * [http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Biographies/GaussBio.htm Gauss biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714225917/http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Biographies/GaussBio.htm |date=2007-07-14 }} * {{MathGenealogy|id=18231}} * [http://fermatslasttheorem.blogspot.com/2005/06/carl-friedrich-gauss.html Carl Friedrich Gauss] – Biography at Fermat's Last Theorem Blog * [http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/gauss.html Gauss: mathematician of the millennium], by [[Jürgen Schmidhuber]] * [http://books.google.com/books?id=yh0PAAAAIAAJ English translation of Waltershausen's 1862 biography] * [http://www.gauss.info Gauss] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807040021/http://gauss.info/ |date=2018-08-07 }} general website on Gauss * [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0016//0000080.000.html MNRAS '''16''' (1856) 80] Obituary * [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jbourj/money1.htm Carl Friedrich Gauss on the 10 Deutsche Mark banknote] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213071452/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jbourj/money1.htm |date=2011-12-13 }} * {{MacTutor Biography|id=Gauss}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00ss0lf "Carl Friedrich Gauss"] in the series ''A Brief History of Mathematics'' on BBC 4 * {{cite web|last=Grimes|first=James|title=5050 And a Gauss Trick|url=http://www.numberphile.com/videos/one_to_million.html|work=Numberphile|publisher=[[Brady Haran]]|access-date=2015-01-27|archive-date=2017-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715144008/http://www.numberphile.com/videos/one_to_million.html|url-status=dead}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gauss, Carl Friedrich}} [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1777]] [[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1855]] [[Kaarangay:Biyograpiya|Gauss, Carl Friedrich]] [[Kaarangay:Matematika]] 01z1stqsn6guxinp9hjhrag38s6ye5z 0 15211 7788108 7785627 2026-09-27T13:39:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 7788108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox philosopher | name = Confucius<br>{{linktext|孔|子}} | region = [[Chinese philosophy]] | era = [[Ancient philosophy]] | image = Confucius Tang Dynasty.jpg | caption = A portrait of Confucius by the [[Tang Dynasty]] artist [[Wu Daozi]] (680–740) | birth_date = 551 BC | birth_place = Zou, [[Lu (state)|Lu state]] | death_date = 479 BC (aged 71–72) | death_place = Lu State | nationality = [[China|Chinese]] | school_tradition = Founder of [[Confucianism]] | main_interests = [[Moral philosophy]], [[Social philosophy]], [[Ethics]] | influences = [[I Ching]], [[Book of Rites]] | influenced = Many [[Chinese philosophy|Chinese philosophers]], particularly [[Mencius]], [[Xun Zi]], the [[Neotaoism|Neotaoist]]s and the [[Neoconfucianism|Neoconfucian]]s; [[François Quesnay]]; [[Christian Wolff (philosopher)|Christian Wolff]]; [[Robert Cummings Neville]]; [[Ezra Pound]] | notable_ideas = [[Confucianism]] }} {{infobox chinese |c=孔夫子 |p=Kǒng fūzǐ |l="Master Kong" |w=K'ung fu-tzu |gr=Koong futzyy |y=Hung² fu¹-tzi² |wuu=Khon fu-tzy |poj=Khóng hu-chú |h=Kung³ fu¹-zu³ |mc=K^húwng pju-tsí |oc-bs=&#42;Kʰˤongʔ pa tsəʔ |c2=孔丘 |l2=(given name) |p2=Kǒng Qiū |w2=K'ung Ch'iu |gr2=Koong Chiou |y2=Hung² Yau¹ |h2=Kung³ Hiu¹ |poj2=Khóng Khiu |wuu2=Khon Chieu |mc2=K^húwng K^hjuw |oc-bs2=&#42;Kʰˤongʔ Kʷʰə }} Hi '''Confucius''' ([[Inintsik]]: 孔夫子; pinyin: Kǒng Fūzǐ; Wade-Giles: K'ung-fu-tzu)(28 Setyembre, 551 BC – 479 BC) usa nga Tsino nga maghurunahuna ngan pilosopo sosyal, nga an mga tinutdo nya ngan pilosopo hilarom nga sumulod ha panhunahuna ngan kinabuhi han mga Tsino, Koreano, Hapeones, Taiwanes, ngan Vietnamis. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ==Bibliograpiya== ;Hard copy * {{cite book | last=Bonevac | first=Daniel | last2=Phillips | first2=Stephen | title=Introduction to world philosophy | url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontowo0000bone | date = 2009 | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=New York | isbn=978-0-19-515231-9 | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Creel | first=Herrlee Glessner | title=Confucius: The man and the myth | url=https://archive.org/details/confuciusmanmyth0000cree | date = 1949 | publisher=John Day Company| location=New York | authorlink=Herrlee Glessner Creel | ref=harv}} * {{cite journal | last=Dubs | first=Homer H. | title=The political career of Confucius | journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society | date = 1946 | volume=66 | issue=4 | authorlink=Homer H. Dubs | jstor=596405 | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Hobson | first=John M. | title=The Eastern origins of Western civilisation | url=https://archive.org/details/easternoriginsof0000hobs | date = 2004 | publisher=Cambridge University Press | location=Cambridge | isbn=0-521-54724-5 | edition=Reprinted | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Chin | first=Ann-ping | title=The authentic Confucius: A life of thought and politics | url=https://archive.org/details/authenticconfuci00chin | date = 2007 | publisher=Scribner | location=New York | isbn=978-0-7432-4618-7 | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Kong | first=Demao | last2=Ke | first2=Lan | last3=Roberts | first3=Rosemary | title=The house of Confucius | date = 1988 | publisher=Hodder & Stoughton | location=London | isbn=978-0-340-41279-4 | edition=Translated | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Parker | first=John | title=Windows into China: The Jesuits and their books, 1580–1730 | url=https://archive.org/details/windowsintochina00park | date = 1977 | publisher=Trustees of the Public Library of the City of Boston | location=Boston | isbn=0-89073-050-4 | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Phan | first=Peter C. | title=Catholicism and interreligious dialogue | url=https://archive.org/details/catholicisminter0000unse | date = 2012 | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=New York | isbn=978-0-19-982787-9 | chapter=Catholicism and Confucianism: An intercultural and interreligious dialogue | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Rainey | first=Lee Dian | title=Confucius & Confucianism: The essentials | date = 2010 | publisher=Wiley-Blackwell | location=Oxford | isbn=978-1-4051-8841-8 | ref=harv}} * {{cite journal | last=Riegel | first=Jeffrey K. | title=Poetry and the legend of Confucius's exile | journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society | date = 1986 | volume=106 | issue=1 | jstor=602359 | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Yao | first=Xinzhong | title=Confucianism and Christianity: A Comparative Study of Jen and Agape | publisher=Sussex Academic Press | location=Brighton | date = 1997 | isbn=1-898723-76-1 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BN47m0BHtLkC | ref=harv}} * {{cite book | last=Yao | first=Xinzhong | title=An Introduction to Confucianism | publisher=Cambridge University Press | location=Cambridge | date = 2000 | isbn=0-521-64430-5 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=tAE2OJ9bPG0C | ref=harv}} ;Aada-ha-linya * {{cite web | ref=harv | last=Ahmad | first=Mirza Tahir | title=Confucianism|url=http://www.alislam.org/library/books/revelation/part_2_section_3.html | publisher=Ahmadiyya Muslim Community | year=n.d. | accessdate=7 Nobyembre 2010}} * {{cite web | ref=harv | last1=Baxter | first1=William H. | last2=Sagart | first2=Laurent | title=Baxter-Sagart Old Chinese reconstruction | url=http://crlao.ehess.fr/docannexe.php?id=1207 | date=20 Pebrero 2011 | access-date=31 Hulyo 2012 | archive-date=25 Abril 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425064509/http://crlao.ehess.fr/docannexe.php?id=1207 | url-status=dead }} * {{cite web | url=http://eng.bandao.cn/newsdetail.asp?id=4644 | title=Confucius descendents say DNA testing plan lacks wisdom | publisher=Bandao | date=21 Agosto 2007 | ref={{harvid|Bandao|2007}} | access-date=31 Hulyo 2012 | archive-date=7 Hulyo 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707013208/http://eng.bandao.cn/newsdetail.asp?id=4644 | url-status=dead }} * {{cite web | url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-02/02/content_800011.htm | title=Confucius family tree to record female kin | publisher=China Daily | date=2 Pebrero 2007 | ref={{harvid|China Daily|2007}}}} * {{cite web | url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-09/24/content_8733256.htm | title=Confucius' Family Tree Recorded biggest | publisher=China Daily | date=24 Septyembre 2009 | ref={{harvid|China Daily|2009}}}} * {{cite web | title=Confucius family tree revision ends with 2 mln descendants | url=http://en.ce.cn/National/culture/200901/04/t20090104_17866318.shtml | publisher=China Economic Net | date=4 Enero 2009 | ref={{harvid|China Economic Net|2009}} | access-date=31 Hulyo 2012 | archive-date=1 Nobyembre 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101092536/http://en.ce.cn/National/culture/200901/04/t20090104_17866318.shtml | url-status= }} * {{cite web | url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/culture/171840.htm | title=DNA Testing Adopted to Identify Confucius Descendants | publisher=China Internet Information Center | date=19 Hunyo 2006 | ref={{harvid|China Internet Information Center|2006}}}} * {{cite web | url=http://ye2.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/chinanews/200606/20060602462372.html | title=DNA test to clear up Confucius confusion | publisher=Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China | date=18 Hunyo 2006 | ref={{harvid|Ministry of Commerce of the PRC|2006}} | access-date=31 Hulyo 2012 | archive-date=7 Hulyo 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707040804/http://ye2.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/chinanews/200606/20060602462372.html | url-status=dead }} * {{cite web | ref=harv | last=Riegel | first=Jeffrey | title=Confucius | url=http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2012/entries/confucius/ | work=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy | date = 2012 | publisher=Stanford University}} * {{cite web | ref=harv | last=Qiu | first=Jane | url=http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/inheriting_confucius/ | title=Inheriting Confucius | publisher=Seed Magazine | date=13 Agosto 2008 | access-date=31 Hulyo 2012 | archive-date=22 Hulyo 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090722140229/http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/inheriting_confucius/ | url-status=dead }} * {{cite web | ref=harv | last=Yan | first=Liang | title=Updated Confucius family tree has two million members | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-02/16/content_7616027.htm | publisher=Xinhua | date=16 Pebrero 2008 | access-date=2012-07-31 | archive-date=2012-10-22 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022002217/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-02/16/content_7616027.htm | url-status=}} * {{cite news | ref=harv | last=Zhou | first=Jing| title=New Confucius Genealogy out next year | url=http://www.china.org.cn/china/features/content_16696029.htm | date=31 Oktubre 2008 | publisher =China Internet Information Center}} ==Padugang nga barasahon== * [[Jonathan Clements|Clements, Jonathan]] (2008). ''Confucius: A Biography''. Stroud, Gloucestershire, England: Sutton Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7509-4775-6. * Confucius (1997). ''Lun yu'', (in English ''The Analects of Confucius''). Translation and notes by Simon Leys. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-04019-4. * Confucius (2003). ''Confucius: Analects—With Selections from Traditional Commentaries''. Translated by E. Slingerland. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. (Original work published c. 551–479 BC) ISBN 0-87220-635-1. *[[Herrlee Glessner Creel|Creel, Herrlee Glessner]] (1949). ''Confucius and the Chinese Way''. New York: Harper. *{{cite book|last=Creel|first=Herrlee Glessner|authorlink=Herrlee Glessner Creel|title=Chinese Thought from Confucius to Mao Tse-tung|url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_P9-DKJ-060| date = 1953|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago}} * Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2005). "Confucianism: An Overview". In ''Encyclopedia of Religion'' (Vol. C, pp 1890–1905). Detroit: MacMillan Reference USA. *{{cite book|last=Dawson|first=Raymond|title=Confucius|url=https://archive.org/details/confucius0000daws| date = 1982|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0-19-287536-1}} *{{cite book|last=Fingarette|first=Hebert|title=Confucius : the secular as sacred|url=https://archive.org/details/confuciussecular00fing| date = 1998|publisher=Waveland Press|location=Long Grove, Ill.|isbn=1-57766-010-2}} *{{cite book|last=Ssu-ma Ch'ien|title=Records of the Historian|url=https://archive.org/details/recordsofhistori0000szum_i5a5| date = 1974|publisher=Commercial Press|location=Hong Kong|others=Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang, trans}} * Van Norden, B.W., ed. (2001). ''Confucius and the Analects: New Essays''. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-513396-X. * Van Norden, B.W., trans. (2006). ''Mengzi'', in [[Philip J. Ivanhoe]] & B.W. Van Norden, ''Readings in Classical Chinese Philosophy''. 2nd ed. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. ISBN 0-87220-780-3. ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Sister project links|v=no|n=no|s=Author:Confucius|b=Saylor.org's Ancient Civilizations of the World/Confucius and Confucianism}} * {{IEP|confuciu|Confucius}} * {{In Our Time|Confucius|p00547k8|Confucius}} * [http://www.confucius.org/ Multilingual web site on Confucius and the Analects] * {{sep entry|confucius|Confucius|Jeffrey Riegel}} * {{Gutenberg author |id=Confucius | name=Confucius}} * {{Internet Archive author}} * {{Librivox author |id=3104}} * [http://digital.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=4094 Confucian Analects] (Project Gutenberg release of James Legge's Translation) * [http://www.wfu.edu/~moran/zhexuejialu/Analects_PEM.html Core philosophical passages] in the ''Analects of Confucius''. [[Kaarangay:Confucius| ]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 551 UC]] [[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 479 UC]] c807l0ii89i8a1wes3k4z05bgrslulb 0 15244 7788152 7783705 2026-09-27T20:35:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Add 1 book for verifiability (20260927)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 7788152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = Matsuo Bashō (松尾 芭蕉) | image = | alt = Usá nga istatwa ni Bashō ha Hiraizumi, Iwate | caption = Usá nga istatwa ni Bashō ha [[Hiraizumi, Iwate]] | pseudonym = Sōbō (宗房)<br />Tōsē (桃青)<br />Bashō (芭蕉) | birth_name = Matsuo Kinsaku (松尾 金作) | birth_date = 1644 | birth_place = Harani ha [[Ueno, Mie|Ueno]], [[Iga Province]] | death_date = Nobyembre 28, 1694 (panuigon 50) | death_place = [[Osaka]]<ref>Louis Frédéric, [http://books.google.gr/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&dq= ''Japan Encyclopedia''], Harvard University Press, 2002, p. 71.</ref> | occupation = Maniniday | nationality = [[Hapon]]es | notableworks = ''[[Oku no Hosomichi]]'' | influenced = [[Imagismo]], [[Beat nga Henerasyon]]; [[Robbie Basho]], [[Steffen Basho-Junghans]] }} Hi {{nihongo|'''Matsuo Bashō'''|松尾 芭蕉||extra=1644 – 1694}}, natawo nga {{nihongo|松尾 金作}}, nga han uná {{nihongo|'''Matsuo Chūemon Munefusa'''|松尾 忠右衛門 宗房}},<ref>{{Cite web | script-title=ja:松尾芭蕉 | url=http://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%9D%BE%E5%B0%BE%E8%8A%AD%E8%95%89 | publisher=The Asahi Shimbun Company | accessdate= 22 Nobyembre 2010 |language=Hinapon}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | script-title=ja:芭蕉と伊賀上野 | url=http://www.ict.ne.jp/~basho/country/bashotoiga.html | publisher=芭蕉と伊賀 Igaueno Cable Television | accessdate=22 Nobyembre 2010 | language=ja | archive-date=2016-03-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110906/http://www.ict.ne.jp/~basho/country/bashotoiga.html | url-status= }}</ref> amo an gisikati nga maniniday han [[Edo nga panahon]] ha [[Hapon]]. Ha iya kinabuhi, ginkilala hi Bashō tungod han iya mga buhat dida han burublig nga ''[[Renku|haikai no renga]]'' nga kahimo; yanâ, katapos hin mga gatostuig nga pagkomentaryo, ginkilala hiyá nga amo an giuupayi nga maestro hin [[haiku]] (nga gintawag nga [[hokku]]) usa nga siday nga may 5-7-5 nga mga [[laton]]. An mga siday ni Matsuo Bashō kilalado ha langyaw; ngan, ha Hapon, damo han iya mga siday ginkada ha mga monumento ngan mga minat-an nga mga lugar. Bisan man kon hi Bashō kilalado ha Katundan tungod han iya hokku, hiyá ngahaw nagtuo ngan an iya gimaupayi nga buhat dida han pagdará ngan pagtambong ha [[renku]]. Ginkutlo hiyá ha pagsiríng, “Damo han mga nasunod ha akon nakasurat hin hokku hin maupay sugad ha akon. It diin hi ako nagpapakita kun hin-o gud hi ako dida hit pagsumpay hin mga garagaray nga haikai.”<ref>Drake, Chris. 'Bashō’s “Cricket Sequence” as English Literature', in ''Journal of Renga & Renku'', Issue 2, 2012. p7</ref> ==Lista hin mga buhat== [[File:Haiseiden.jpg|thumb|Haiseiden ([[:ja:俳聖殿|俳聖殿]], Paghinumdom nga Hall hin Maniniday) ha [[Iga, Mie]], nga gintukod paghinumdom han ika-300 nga anibersaryo han pagkatawo ni Bashō.]] [[File:Matsuo Basho - Een woedende zee - Rapenburg 75, Leiden.JPG|thumb|[[Mga siday ha bungbung ha Leiden]]: Bashō]] * ''[[The Seashell Game|Kai Ōi]]'' (The Seashell Game) (1672) * {{nihongo|''Edo Sangin''|江戸三吟}} (1678) * {{nihongo|''Inaka no Kuawase''|田舎之句合}} (1680) * {{nihongo|''Tōsei Montei Dokugin Nijū Kasen''|桃青門弟独吟廿歌仙}} (1680) * {{nihongo|''Tokiwaya no Kuawase''|常盤屋句合}} (1680) * {{nihongo|''Minashiguri''|虚栗||"A Shriveled Chestnut"}} (1683) * ''Nozarashi Kikō'' (Record of a Weather-Exposed Skeleton) (1684) * ''*Fuyu no Hi'' ([[Winter Days]]) (1684) * ''Haru no Hi'' (Spring Days) (1686)* * ''Kawazu Awase'' (Frog Contest) (1686) * ''Kashima Kikō'' (A Visit to Kashima Shrine) (1687) * ''Oi no Kobumi'', or ''Utatsu Kikō'' (Record of a Travel-Worn Satchel) (1688) * ''Sarashina Kikō'' (A Visit to Sarashina Village) (1688) * ''Arano'' (Wasteland) (1689)* * ''Hisago'' (The Gourd) (1690)* * {{nihongo|''[[Sarumino]]''|猿蓑||"Monkey's Raincoat"}} (1691)* * ''Saga Nikki'' (Saga Diary) (1691) * ''Bashō no Utsusu Kotoba'' (On Transplanting the Banana Tree) (1691) * ''Heikan no Setsu'' (On Seclusion) (1692) * ''Fukagawa Shū'' (Fukagawa Anthology) * ''Sumidawara'' (A Sack of Charcoal) (1694)* * ''Betsuzashiki'' (The Detached Room) (1694) * ''[[Oku no Hosomichi]]'' (Narrow Road to the Interior) (1694)<ref>Kokusai 1948, pp. 248-9</ref> * ''Zoku Sarumino'' (The Monkey's Raincoat, Continued) (1698)* ===Mga paghubad ha Iningles=== * {{Cite book|author= Matsuo, Bashō|others= trans. David Landis Barnhill|title= Bashō’s Journey: Selected Literary Prose by Matsuo Bashō |url= https://archive.org/details/bashosjourneylit0000mats| date = 2005 |location=Albany, NY |publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn= 978-0-7914-6414-4}} * {{Cite book |author= Matsuo, Bashō|others=trans. Nobuyuki Yuasa|title=The Narrow Road to the Deep North and Other Travel Sketches|url= https://archive.org/details/narrowroadtodeep008800| date = 1966|location=Harmondsworth|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0-14-044185-7|oclc=469779524}} * {{Cite book |author= Matsuo, Bashō|others= trans. Sam Hamill |title=Narrow Road to the Interior and Other Writings|url= https://archive.org/details/narrowroadtointe0000mats| date = 2000 |location=Boston |publisher=Shambhala|isbn= 978-1-57062-716-3 }} * {{Cite book|author= Matsuo, Bashō|others= trans. Sam Hamill |title=The Essential Bashō | date = 1999 |location=Boston | publisher=Shambhala |isbn=978-1-57062-282-3}} * {{Cite book|author= Matsuo, Bashō|others= trans. David Landis Barnhill|title=Bashō's Haiku: Selected Poems of Matsuo Bashō|url= https://archive.org/details/bashoshaikuselec0000mats| date = 2004 |location=Albany, NY |publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn= 978-0-7914-6166-2}} * {{Cite book|author= Matsuo, Bashō|others= trans. Donald Keene, illustrated by Masayuki Miyata|title=The Narrow Road to Oku |url= https://archive.org/details/narrowroadtookuo0000mats_m7w2| date = 1997 |location=Tokyo |publisher=Kodansha International|isbn= 978-4-7700-2028-4}} * {{Cite book|author= Matsuo, Bashō, et al. |others= trans. Maeda Cana|title=Monkey's Raincoat |url= https://archive.org/details/monkeysraincoat0000unse_r2b8 | date = 1973 |location=New York |publisher=Grossman Publishers. SBN 670-48651-5 |isbn= 0670486515}} * {{Cite book|author=Matsuo, Bashō |others= trans. Jane Reichhold |title=Basho: The Complete Haiku |url=https://archive.org/details/bashocompletehai0000mats_b3f1 | date = 2008 |location=Tokyo |publisher=Kodansha International |isbn= 978-4-7700-3063-4}} * {{Cite book|author=Matsuo, Bashō et al. |others= trans. Earl Miner and Hiroko Odagiri |title=The Monkey’s Straw Raincoat and Other Poetry of the Basho School |url=https://archive.org/details/monkeysstrawrain0000unse | date = 1981|location=Princeton|publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn= 978-0-691-06460-4}} * {{Cite book|author=Matsuo, Bashō |others= trans. Lucien Stryk |title=On Love and Barley: Haiku of Basho|url=https://archive.org/details/liang.onlovebarleyhaik0001mats | date = 1985|publisher=Penguin Classics|isbn=978-0-14-044459-9 }} ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ==Mga reperensiya== *{{Cite journal | last = Carter| first = Steven| date = 1997|title =On a Bare Branch: Bashō and the Haikai Profession| url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-oriental-society_january-march-1997_117_1/page/57| journal =Journal of the American Oriental Society| volume = 117| issue = 1| pages = 57–69|doi =10.2307/605622 | jstor = 605622}} * Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2014). ''Utagawa Hiroshige's 53 Stations of the Tokaido''. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. B00LM4APAI * {{Cite book| author=Lawlor, William| title=Beat Culture: Lifestyles, Icons, and Impact |location=Santa Barbara| publisher= ABC-CLIO | date = 2005 |isbn= 978-1-85109-405-9}} *{{Cite book|author=岡村 健三 (Kenzō Okamura)|title=芭蕉と寿貞尼 (Bashō to Jutei-ni)|location=Ōsaka|publisher=芭蕉俳句会 (''Bashō Haiku Kai'')| date = 1956}} * {{Cite book|author= Shirane, Haruo |title=Traces of Dreams: Landscape, Cultural Memory, and the Poetry of Basho|url= https://archive.org/details/tracesofdreamsla0000shir | location=Stanford, California |publisher=Stanford University Press | date = 1998|isbn= 0-8047-3099-7}} * {{Cite book|author= Ueda, Makoto |title=The Master Haiku Poet, Matsuo Bashō|url= https://archive.org/details/matsuobasho00ueda |location=Tokyo|publisher=Kodansha International | date = 1982 |isbn= 0-87011-553-7}} * {{Cite book|author= Ueda, Makoto |title=Matsuo Bashō |url= https://archive.org/details/matsuobasho0102ueda |location=Tokyo|publisher=Twayne Publishers| date = 1970}} * {{Cite book|author= Ueda, Makoto |title=Bashō and His Interpreters: Selected Hokku with Commentary|url= https://archive.org/details/liang.bashohisinterpre0000mako_h9c4 | location=Stanford, California |publisher=Stanford University Press | date = 1992|isbn= 0-8047-1916-0}} * Slawenski, Kenneth. 2010. ''J.D. Salinger: A Life''. New York: Random House, ISBN 978-1-4000-6951-4 * Takarai, Kikaku (2006). ''An Account of Our Master Basho's Last Days'', translated by Nobuyuki Yuasa in ''Springtime in Edo''. Hiroshima, Keisuisha. ISBN 4-87440-920-2 * {{Cite book|author=Kokusai Bunka Shinkōkai (国際文化振興会)|title=Introduction to Classic Japanese Literature| date = 1948|publisher=Kokusai Bunka Shinkōkai|location=Tokyo}} *Matsuo, Bashō (1966). "The narrow road to the Deep North", translated by Nobuyuki Yuasa. Harmondsworth, Penguin. ISBN 0-14-044185-9 ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Wikiquote}} {{Wikisource|Author:Matsuo Bashō|Matsuo Bashō}} {{Commons category|Matsuo Basho}} * {{Cite web |url=http://carlsensei.com/classical/index.php/author/view/1 |title= Matsuo Bashō (松尾芭蕉) |publisher=Classical Japanese Database | accessdate= 12 Mayo 2008}} Mga dirudilain nga mga siday ni Bashō, ha orihinal ngan mga ginhubad * {{Cite web |url=http://www.haikupoetshut.com/basho1.html |title=Interpretations of Bashō |publisher=Haiku Poets Hut | accessdate= 12 Mayo 2008}} Comparison of translations by R.&nbsp;H. Blyth, Lucien Stryck and Peter Beilenson of several Bashō haiku. * {{Cite web |url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/02/bashos-trail/bashos-trail-interactive |title=On the Poet's Trail | author= Norman, Howard |publisher=National Geographic Magazine |date= Pebrero 2008 | accessdate= 12 Mayo 2008}} Interactive Travelogue of Howard Norman's journey in Basho's footsteps, including a map of the route taken. * {{Cite web |url=http://simplyhaiku.com/SHv4n3/features/Nobuyuki.html |title=An Account of Our Master Bashō's Last Days |publisher=Simply Haiku: A Quarterly Journal of Japanese Short Form Poetry |accessdate=29 Hunyo 2008 |archive-date=2009-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204034805/http://simplyhaiku.com/SHv4n3/features/Nobuyuki.html |url-status= }} A translation by Nobuyuki Yuasa of an important manuscript by Takarai Kikaku, also known as Shinshi, one of Bashō’s followers. *{{worldcat id|id=lccn-n81-14364}} * {{Cite web |url=http://www.scribd.com/doc/24996714/Matsuo-Bash%C5%8D-Complete-Haiku-in-Japanese |title=Matsuo Bashō - Complete Haiku in Japanese |publisher=André von Kugland | accessdate= 9 Enero 2010}} *[http://www2.yamanashi-ken.ac.jp/~itoyo/basho/basho.htm bashoDB] * {{Cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/dr_phinaes/haikaitranslation.html |title=Phinaes' Haikai Linked Verse Translations | date = 2007 |author=Price, Sean |accessdate= 2 Nobyembre 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231213310/http://www.geocities.com/dr_phinaes/haikaitranslation.html |archivedate= 31 Disyembre 2007 |url-status=dead }} Translations of renku by Bashō and his disciples, by Sean Price. * {{Cite web |url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/02/bashos-trail/howard-norman-text |title=On the Poet's Trail | author= Norman, Howard |publisher=National Geographic Magazine |date= Pebrero 2008 | accessdate= 12 Mayo 2008 |authorlink= Howard Norman}} Travels along the path Matsuo Bashō followed for Oku no Hosomichi. Photography by Mike Yamashita. *[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/153737 Bridge of dreams: the Mary Griggs Burke collection of Japanese art], a catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on this artist (see index) {{DEFAULTSORT:Matsuo, Basho}} [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1644]] [[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1694]] [[Kaarangay:Biyograpiya]] [[Kaarangay:Literatura]] [[Kaarangay:Hapon]] a23pvs6ljpqp6kt70ez86lzxuw0wo84 0 17305 7788151 7783436 2026-09-27T20:35:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Add 1 book for verifiability (20260927)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 7788151 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Gustav Mahler 1909 2.jpg|thumb]] Hi '''Gustav Mahler''' (7 Hulyo 1860 – 18 Mayo 1911) amo an usa ka Austryano nga kompositor ngan konductor nga natawo ha Bohemia. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ==Mga pagkukuhaan== {{Refbegin|30em}} *Anon. (1908). {{cite news|title= Gustav Mahler Conducts|work=The New York Times|issue=30 Nobyembre 1908|url= http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/arts/mahler1.pdf|accessdate=21 Marso 2010}} PDF format * Anon. (1909). {{cite news|title= Bartered Bride at Metropolitan|work=The New York Times|issue=20&nbsp;February|url= http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D03E6D91439E733A25753C2A9649C946897D6CF|accessdate=20 Hunyo 2009|date=20 Pebrero 1909}} PDF format * Anon. (1911). {{cite news|title= Gustav Mahler Dies in Vienna|work=The New York Times|issue=19&nbsp;May|url= http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/arts/105027769.pdf|accessdate=21 Marso 2010}} PDF format * {{Cite book|last=Barham|first=Jeremy (ed.)|author2={{ill|cs|Vladimír Karbusický{{!}}Karbusický, Vladimír|Vladimír Karbusický}}|chapter=Gustav Mahler's Musical Jewishness|title=Perspectives on Gustav Mahler|publisher=Ashgate Publishing Limited| date = 2005|location=Aldershot, UK|url=http://books.google.com/?id=JivwxWN9vY8C&pg=PA188&lpg=PA188&dq=Mahler+Jewish+music#v=onepage&q=Mahler%20Jewish%20music&f=false|isbn=978-0-7546-0709-0}} * {{cite book|last=Blaukopf|first= Kurt| date = 1974|title= Gustav Mahler|url=https://archive.org/details/gustavmahler0000blau|publisher=Futura Publications Ltd|location= Harmondsworth, UK|isbn= 0-86007-034-4}}. * {{cite book|authorlink=Jonathan Carr|last=Carr|first=Jonathan| date = 1998|title=Mahler: A Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/mahlerbiography0000carr_i5s2|publisher=The Overlook Press|location= Woodstock, New York|isbn= 0-87951-802-2}} * {{cite book|authorlink= Deryck Cooke|last= Cooke|first= Deryck| date = 1980|title= Gustav Mahler: An Introduction to his Music|publisher=Faber Music|location= London|isbn= 0-571-10087-2}} * {{cite book|last= Cooke|first= Deryck|title= Mahler and the Eighth Symphony (performance notes 29&nbsp;May 1964)|publisher=Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Society | date = 1964}} * {{cite book|authorlink=Aaron Copland|last=Copland|first=Aaron|author2=Richard Kostelanetz (ed.)|title=Aaron Copland, a reader: Selected writings, 1923–72|url=http://books.google.com/?id=pANdrmPvvPEC&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=Aaron+Copland+Our+New+Music+Mahler#v=onepage&q=&f=false|publisher=Routledge|location=London| date = 2004|isbn=978-0-415-93940-9}} * {{Cite book|last=Fischer|first=Jens Malte|authorlink=:de:Jens Malte Fischer|title=Gustav Mahler|url=https://archive.org/details/gustavmahler0000fisc_k9u5| date = 2011|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|location=New Haven, Connecticut|isbn=978-0-300-13444-5|others=Stewart Spencer (translator from ''Gustav Mahler. Der fremde Vertraute''. [[Paul Zsolnay Verlag]], Wien 2003, ISBN 3-552-05273-9)}} * {{cite|last= Franklin|first= Peter |editor-last= Deane Root |title= Mahler, Gustav |publisher=[[Grove Music Online]]}} {{subscription}}. Also available in print form in ''[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]]'', 2nd ed., [[Stanley Sadie]] and John Tyrrell, eds., (2001), ISBN=1-56159-239-0 * {{cite web|last= Freed|first= Richard|title= Symphony No. 1 (Mahler)|url= http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/?fuseaction=composition&composition_id=2839|publisher=The Kennedy Centre| date = 2007|accessdate=5 Abril 2007}} * {{cite encyclopedia|last= Harrison|first= Julius|authorlink= Julius Harrison|editor-last= Bacharach|editor-first= A.L.|title= The Orchestra and Orchestral Music|encyclopedia= The Musical Companion|pages= 127–282|publisher=Victor Gollancz|location= London| date = 1934}} * {{cite encyclopedia|last= Hussey|first= Dyneley|authorlink= Dyneley Hussey|editor-last= Bacharach|editor-first= A.L.|title= Vocal Music in the 20th Century|encyclopedia= The Musical Companion|pages= 454–66|publisher=Victor Gollancz|location= London| date = 1934}} * {{cite web|title= International Gustav Mahler Society, Vienna|url= http://www.gustav-mahler.org/english/|publisher= The International Gustav Mahler Society|accessdate= 4 Abril 2010|archive-date= 14 Agosto 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120814202909/http://www.gustav-mahler.org/english/|url-status= }} * Karbusický, Vladimír: ''Gustav Mahler und seine Umwelt''. Wiss. Buchges., Darmstadt 1978. * Karbusický, Vladimír: ''Mahler in Hamburg: Chronik einer Freundschaft''. Von Bockel Verlag, Hamburg 1996. * {{cite journal|last= Kennedy|first= Michael|authorlink= Michael Kennedy (music critic)|title= Mahler's mass following|journal=The Spectator|location= London|date=13 Enero 2010|url= http://www.spectator.co.uk/arts-and-culture/all/5704108/mahlers-mass-following.thtml|accessdate=26 Marso 2010}} * {{cite news|last= Kozinn|first= Allan|title= Ashkenazy Mining A Mahler Vein|work=The New York Times|issue=3 Pebrero 1989|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/03/arts/ashkenazy-mining-a-mahler-vein.html?pagewanted=1|accessdate=6 Abril 2010|date=3 Pebrero 1989}} * {{cite book|authorlink=Henry-Louis de La Grange|last= La Grange|first= Henry-Louis de| date = 1995|title= Gustav Mahler Volume 2: Vienna: The Years of Challenge (1897–1904)|publisher=Oxford University Press|location= Oxford, UK|isbn= 0-19-315159-6}} * {{cite book|last= La Grange|first= Henry-Louis de| date = 2000|title= Gustav Mahler Volume 3: Vienna: Triumph and Disillusion (1904–1907)|publisher=Oxford University Press|location= Oxford, UK|isbn= 0-19-315160-X}} * {{cite book|last=Lebrecht|first=Norman|title=Why Mahler? How One Man and Ten Symphonies Changed the World| date = 2011|publisher=Faber and Faber Ltd|location=London|isbn=978-0-571-26079-9}} * {{cite book|authorlink= Alma Mahler|last= Mahler|first= Alma|title= Gustav Mahler: Memories and letters|publisher=John Murray|location= London| date = 1968}} * {{cite book|authorlink= Donald Mitchell (writer)|last=Mitchell|first=Donald| date = 1995|title=Gustav Mahler Volume 1: The Early Years|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=0-520-20214-7}} * {{cite book|last= Mitchell|first=Donald| date = 1975|title=Gustav Mahler Volume&nbsp;II: The Wunderhorn Years: Chronicles and Commentaries|url= https://archive.org/details/gustavmahlerwund0000dona|publisher=Faber and Faber|location=London|isbn=0-571-10674-9}} * {{cite book|last= Mitchell|first=Donald|author2=Nicholson, Andrew|title=The Mahler Companion|publisher=Oxford University Press| date = 1999|location=Oxford|isbn=0-19-816376-2}} * {{cite book|last= Niekerk|first= Carl|title= Reading Mahler: German Culture and Jewish Identity in Fin-de-siècle Vienna|url= https://archive.org/details/readingmahlerger0000niek|publisher=Camden House| date = 2010|location= Rochester, New York|isbn= 978-1-57113-467-7}} * {{cite book|authorlink=Stanley Sadie|last=Sadie|first=Stanley (ed.)|title=[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]]|volume=11|publisher=Macmillan|location=London| date = 1980|isbn=0-333-23111-2}} * {{cite news|last= Schiff|first= David|title= Music: The Man who Mainstreamed Mahler|url= http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/04/arts/music-the-man-who-mainstreamed-mahler.html?pagewanted=2|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=4 Nobyembre 2001|accessdate=27 Marso 2010}} * {{cite book|authorlink=Harold C. Schonberg|last=Schonberg|first=Harold|title=The Lives of the Great Composers|volume=II|publisher=Futura Publications|location=London| date = 1970|isbn=0-86007-723-3}} * {{cite book|last= Shaw|first= George Bernard|authorlink= George Bernard Shaw|title= Shaw's Music, Volume&nbsp;III 1893–1950|url= https://archive.org/details/shawsmusiccomple0001shaw|publisher=The Bodley Head|location= London| date = 1981|isbn= 0-370-30333-4}} * {{cite book|last= Smith|first= William Ander|title=The Mystery of Leopold Stokowski|publisher=Associated University Presses Ltd|location= Cranbury, N.J.| date = 1990 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=Mt4RB5JO4qYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false |isbn= 0-8386-3362-5}} * {{cite book|last= Snowman|first= Daniel|title= The Gilded Stage: A Social History of Opera|url= https://archive.org/details/gildedstagesocia0000snow|publisher=Atlantic Books|location= London| date = 2009|isbn= 978-1-84354-466-1}} * {{cite book|last= Steen|first= Michael|title= The Lives & Times of the Great Composers|url= https://archive.org/details/livestimesofgrea0000stee|publisher=Icon Books|location= London| date = 2003|isbn= 978-1-84046-679-9}} {{Refend}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== * [http://public-domain-archive.com/classic/compositions.php?lang=eng&composer_no=10 Public domain recordings of many of Mahler's compositions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715131235/http://public-domain-archive.com/classic/compositions.php?lang=eng&composer_no=10 |date=2011-07-15 }} {{Wikipedia books|Gustav Mahler}} *{{Commons category-inline|Gustav Mahler}} *{{Wikiquote-inline}} * {{BBC composer page|mahler|Mahler}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mahler, Gustav}} [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1860]] [[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1911]] [[Kaarangay:Biyograpiya|Mahler, Gustav]] [[Kaarangay:Musika|Mahler, Gustav]] ih1wqbwcoyrhki6ljr8m1uy80857hwx 0 17576 7788086 5175753 2026-09-27T12:28:09Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Relihiyon 7788086 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Espiritualidad''' amo an mga butang mahitungod han mga [[kalag]]. An iba nga tawo ginkikita ini nga kaparte han [[relihiyon]], an iba naman ginkikita ini nga usa nga kaibhan han [[kinabuhi]]. {{turók}} [[Kaarangay:Relihiyon]] kff6so9n8rbp3bcmbt0jaaljrncymxe 0 17616 7788092 7784705 2026-09-27T12:41:41Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788092 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Auto Racing Yellow.svg|thumb|right|An [[kulur]] nga dulaw]] An '''darag''' o '''dulaw'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''Diksyunaryo Waray-Waray [Visaya] English-Tagalog'''. Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent., Inc. Quezon City. Tuig 2000. ISBN 971-08-6050-X. Pakli Ihap 82.</ref> ([[Iningles]]: ''Yellow''; [[Tinagalog]]: ''Dilaw'') amo an usa ka [[kulur]] [[tikang]] ha [[PRISMA]]. {{turók}} == Mga kasarigan == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat|Yellow}} [[Kaarangay:Kolor]] cmtuznt4sxgxdociteszuxun44qed00 0 17628 7788129 6182016 2026-09-27T16:35:03Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Instrumento ha Musika 7788129 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:DrumMozartRegiment.jpg|thumb]] An '''kombo''' o '''bombo'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''Diksyunaryo Waray-Waray [Visaya] English-Tagalog'''. Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent., Inc. Quezon City. Tuig 2000. ISBN 971-08-6050-X. Pakli Ihap 46.</ref> amo an kabulig han instumento [[musika]] nga teknikal nga ginkikilala nga membranopono. == Pinanbasaran == {{reflist}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== * [http://www.nosii.com folk workshop for drums and another folk-instruments] * {{dmoz|Arts/Music/Instruments/Percussion/Drums|Drum resources}} [[Kaarangay:Instrumento ha Musika]] 8fcl5nb1kv910x0630nb8z8x6qcvh7i 0 17639 7788158 7783402 2026-09-28T11:22:00Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* Mga sumpay ha gawas */ + Kaarangay:Astronomiya 7788158 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Hubble ultra deep field.jpg|thumb]] Ha [[astronomiya]], an '''sangkalibutan''' o '''uniberso''' amo an bug-os nga kawanangan ug kapanahunan, kun diin naeksister an ngatanan nga mga butang—an mga planeta (upod an aton [[Kalibotan|Kalibutan]]), an mga bitoon (upod an [[Adlaw (astronomiya)|Adlaw]]), an mga [[galaksiya]] ug an magkalain-lain pa nga mga klase hin [[Materya|butang]] ug [[enerhiya]]. ==Pinanbasaran== {{reflist}} ==Bibliograpiya== *{{cite journal|ref=Bartel|author = Bartel |authorlink = Bartel Leendert van der Waerden|date = 1987|title = The Heliocentric System in Greek, Persian and Hindu Astronomy|doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb37224.x|bibcode = 1987NYASA.500..525V|journal = Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences|volume = 500|issue = 1| pages = 525–545}} * {{cite book|ref=Landau|date = 1975|title= The Classical Theory of Fields ([[Course of Theoretical Physics]], Vol. 2)|edition = revised 4th English|publisher=Pergamon Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-08-018176-9|pages=[https://archive.org/details/classicaltheoryo0000land_k6k2/page/358 358]–397|author-separator = ,|author1=Landau|author2=Lev|author3 = Lifshitz|author4 = E.M.]]|authorlink1 = Lev Landau|authorlink3 = Evgeny Lifshitz}} *{{cite book|ref=Liddell|author=Liddell, H. G. and Scott, R. |title=A Greek-English Lexicon|year=1968|url=https://archive.org/details/greekenglishlexi0000lidd_y0v2|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn= 0-19-864214-8}} * {{cite book|ref=Misner|title = [[Gravitation (book)|Gravitation]]|location = San Francisco|publisher = W. H. Freeman|date = 1973|isbn = 978-0-7167-0344-0|pages = [https://archive.org/details/gravitation0000misn/page/703 703]–816|author-separator = ,|author1=Misner|author2=C.W.|author3 = Thorne|author4 = Kip|author5 = Wheeler|author6 = J.A.|authorlink1 = Charles W. Misner|authorlink3 = Kip Thorne|authorlink5 = John Archibald Wheeler}} * {{cite book|ref=Rindler|author = Rindler, W.|date = 1977|title = Essential Relativity: Special, General, and Cosmological|publisher = Springer Verlag|location = New York|isbn = 0-387-10090-3|pages = 193–244|authorlink = Wolfgang Rindler}} ==Padugang nga barasahon== * {{cite book|author = Weinberg, S.|date = 1993|title = The First Three Minutes: A Modern View of the Origin of the Universe|edition = 2nd updated|publisher = Basic Books|location = New York|isbn = 978-0-465-02437-7|oclc = 28746057|authorlink = Steven Weinberg}} For lay readers. * {{cite book|first1=Harry|last1=Nussbaumer|first2=Lydia|last2=Bieri|first3=Allan|last3=Sandage|date = 2009|title= Discovering the Expanding Universe|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-51484-2|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=RaNOJkQ4l14C}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Universe}} {{wikiquote}} * {{HowStuffWorks|hole-in-Universe|Is there a hole in the Universe?}} * [http://www.pbs.org/wnet/hawking/html/home.html ''Stephen Hawking's Universe''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623201507/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/hawking/html/home.html |date=2012-06-23 }}&nbsp;– Why is the Universe the way it is? * [http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/cosmology_faq.html Cosmology FAQ] * [http://www.shekpvar.net/~dna/Publications/Cosmos/cosmos.html Cosmos&nbsp;– An "illustrated dimensional journey from microcosmos to macrocosmos"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080412094332/http://www.shekpvar.net/~dna/Publications/Cosmos/cosmos.html |date=2008-04-12 }} * [http://www.co-intelligence.org/newsletter/comparisons.html Illustration comparing the sizes of the planets, the sun, and other stars] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101225211703/http://www.slate.com/id/2087206/nav/navoa/ My So-Called Universe]&nbsp;– Arguments for and against an infinite and parallel universes * [http://cosmology.lbl.gov/talks/Ho_07.pdf The Dark Side and the Bright Side of the Universe] Princeton University, Shirley Ho * [http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/ Richard Powell: ''An Atlas of the Universe'']&nbsp;– Images at various scales, with explanations * [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1142346 Multiple Big Bangs] * [http://www.exploreuniverse.com/ic/ Universe&nbsp;– Space Information Centre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060421094451/http://www.exploreuniverse.com/ic/ |date=2006-04-21 }} * [http://www.whatisuniverse.com/content/Cosmic%20Evolution/ Cosmic Evolution] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125162418/http://www.whatisuniverse.com/content/Cosmic%20Evolution/ |date=2016-01-25 }}&nbsp;– the Universe on a timeline ===Mga video=== * [http://irfu.cea.fr/cosmography Cosmography of the Local Universe] at irfu.cea.fr (17:35) ([http://arxiv.org/abs/1306.0091 arXiv]) * [https://youtube.com/embed/17jymDn0W6U The Known Universe] created by the [[American Museum of Natural History]] * [https://youtube.com/embed/0fKBhvDjuy0 Understand The Size Of The Universe]&nbsp;– by [[Powers of Ten (film)|Powers of Ten]] * [https://youtube.com/watch?v=08LBltePDZw 3-D Video (01:46)&nbsp;– Over a Million Galaxies of Billions of Stars each&nbsp;– BerkeleyLab/animated] [[Kaarangay:Astronomiya]] cydqg40rn8oalvfz9pny04quqqv8q1t 0 17646 7788149 7782292 2026-09-27T20:23:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Add 1 book for verifiability (20260927)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 7788149 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:ImamAliMosqueNajafIraq.JPG|thumb|Imam Ali Mosque ha Najaf, Iraq, kun diin hi Ali, an siyahan nga Shī‘ah Imam ginlubong.]] An '''Shia Islam''' amo an ikaduha nga gidadako-i nga denominasyon han [[Islam]], sunod ha [[Sunni Islam]]. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Reflist}} == Mga reperensya == * {{Cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia = [[Encyclopædia Britannica Online]] | publisher = Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] | publisher=Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University| isbn=1-56859-050-4}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia of Islam and the Muslim world; vol.1 | last = Martin | first = Richard C. | publisher = MacMillan | isbn=0-02-865604-0}} * {{Cite book|last = Corbin|first = Henry|authorlink = Henry Corbin|title = History of Islamic Philosophy, Translated by Liadain Sherrard, [[Philip Sherrard]]|publisher = London; Kegan Paul International in association with Islamic Publications for The Institute of Ismaili Studies |year = 1993 (original French 1964)|isbn = 0-7103-0416-1}} * {{Cite book| last = Dakake | first = Maria Massi | authorlink = | title =The Charismatic Community: Shi'ite Identity in Early Islam | publisher = SUNY Press | year = 2008 | isbn = 0-7914-7033-4}} * {{Cite book| last1=Holt | first1=P. M. | authorlink1=Peter M. Holt |last2=Lewis|first2=Bernard|authorlink2=Bernard Lewis | title=Cambridge History of Islam, Vol. 1 | year=1977a | publisher=Cambridge University Press | isbn=0-521-29136-4}} * {{Cite book| last=Lapidus| first=Ira | authorlink = Ira M. Lapidus | title=A History of Islamic Societies | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofislamic0000lapi_t2d2| publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=2002 | edition=2nd | isbn=978-0-521-77933-3}} * {{Cite book| last=Momen | first=Moojan | authorlink= | title= An Introduction to Shi'i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelve| url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7 | publisher=Yale University Press | year=1985 | isbn=0-300-03531-4}} * {{Cite book| last=Sachedina | first=Abdulaziz Abdulhussein | authorlink=Abdulaziz Sachedina | title= The Just Ruler (al-sultān Al-ʻādil) in Shīʻite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence| url=https://archive.org/details/justruleralsulta0000sach | publisher=Oxford University Press US | year=1988 | isbn=0-19-511915-0}} * {{Cite book| last=Tabatabaei | first=Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn | coauthors=[[Seyyed Hossein Nasr]] (translator) | authorlink=Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei | title= Shi'ite Islam | url=https://archive.org/details/shiiteislam0000taba | publisher=Suny press| year=1979 | isbn=0-87395-272-3}} == Padugang nga barasahon == * Peter J. Chelkowski (ed.), ''Eternal Performance: Taziyah and Other Shiite Rituals'' (Salt lake City (UT), Seagull Books, 2010) (Seagull Books - Enactments). * {{Cite book| last=Corbin | first=Henry | authorlink=Henry Corbin | title= History of Islamic Philosophy, translated by Liadain Sherrard and [[Philip Sherrard]] | publisher=Kegan Paul International in association with Islamic Publications for The Institute of Ismaili Studies| year=1993 | isbn=0-7103-0416-1}} * {{Cite book| last=Dabashi| first=Hamid | authorlink=Hamid Dabashi | title=[http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674064287 Shi'ism: A Religion of Protest] | publisher=Harvard University Press | year=2011 | isbn= 978-0674-06428-7}} * {{Cite book| last=Halm| first=Heinz | title=Shi'ism | url=https://archive.org/details/shiism0000halm| publisher=Edinburgh University Press | year=2004 | isbn=0-7486-1888-0}} * {{Cite book| last=Halm| first=Heinz | title=The Shi'ites: A Short History | url=https://archive.org/details/shiitesshorthist0000halm| publisher=Markus Wiener Pub | year=2007 | isbn=1-55876-437-2}} * {{Cite book| last=Lalani| first=Arzina R. | title=Early Shi'i Thought: The Teachings of Imam Muhammad Al-Baqir | url=https://archive.org/details/earlyshiithought0000lala| publisher=I.B.Tauris | year=2000 | isbn=1-86064-434-1}} * {{Cite book| last=Momen| first=Moojan | title=An Introduction to Shi'i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi'ism | url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7| publisher=Yale University Press | year=1985 | isbn=0-300-03499-7}} * {{Cite book| last = Shirazi | first = Sultanu'l-Wa'izin | authorlink=Sultan al-Wa'izin Shirazi | title = Peshawar Nights, A Transcript of a Dialogue between Shia and Sunni scholars | publisher = [[Ansariyan Publications]] | url = http://www.al-islam.org/peshawar/index.html | isbn = 978-964-438-320-5}} * {{Cite book| last=Nasr| first=Seyyed Hossein |author2=[[Hamid Dabashi]] | authorlink=Seyyed Hossein Nasr | title=Expectation of the Millennium: Shiʻism in History | url=https://archive.org/details/expectationofmil0000unse| publisher=SUNY Press | year=1989 | isbn=0-88706-843-X}} * {{Cite book| last=Rogerson| first=Barnaby | title=The Heirs of Muhammad: Islam's First Century and the Origins of the Sunni Shia split | url=https://archive.org/details/heirsofmuhammadi00roge| publisher=Overlook Press | year=2007 | isbn=1-58567-896-1}} * {{Cite book| last=Wollaston| first=Arthur N. | title=The Sunnis and Shias | publisher=Kessinger Publishing | year=2005 | isbn=1-4254-7916-2}} * {{Cite book| last=Moosa| first=Matti | title=Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects | publisher=Syracuse University Press | year=1988 | isbn=0-8156-2411-5}} ==Mga sumpay ha Gawas== {{NIE Poster|year=1905|Shiites}} * [http://www.shafaqna.com Shafaqna: International Shia News Agency] *[http://www.shafaqna.com/english English language website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808131020/http://shafaqna.com/english/ |date=2013-08-08 }} * [http://www.yahusain.com/ YaHusain.com, Shia Website with informative lectures in English & Urdu] * [http://www.roshd.org/ Islamic - Shia Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828171810/http://www.roshd.org/ |date=2008-08-28 }} * [http://www.al-islam.org/ Al-Islam.org, A Digital Islamic Library] * [http://theshiapedia.com/index.php?title=Main_Page The Shiapedia, an online Shia encyclopedia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425230239/http://theshiapedia.com/index.php?title=Main_Page |date=2012-04-25 }} * [http://www.al-islam.org/murajaat/index.htm Murajaat - A Shi'i/Sunni debate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004024555/http://www.al-islam.org/murajaat/index.htm |date=2013-10-04 }} * [http://www.patheos.com/Library/Shia-Islam.html Patheos Library – Shi'a Islam] * [http://www.shiasource.com/ shiasource.com] * [http://www.al-khoei.org/ Imam Al-Khoei Foundation] (Twelver) * [http://www.theismaili.org/ Official Website of Nizari Ismaili] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710093655/http://www.theismaili.org/ |date=2017-07-10 }} (Ismaili) * [http://www.alavibohra.org/ Official Website of Alavi Bohra] (Ismaili) * [http://www.mumineen.org/ Dawoodi Bohra] (Ismaili) * [http://www.iis.ac.uk/home.asp?l=en The Institute of Ismaili Studies] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070426030151/http://www.iis.ac.uk/home.asp?l=en |date=2007-04-26 }} (Ismaili) *{{dmoz|Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Islam/Shia|Shia}} * [http://www.al-shia.org/html/eng/index.php al-shia.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124173517/http://www.al-shia.org/html/eng/index.php |date=2012-01-24 }} Ahlulbayt Global Informations Center {{Commonscat|Shiism}} 74igjovna2s3cib1uuh0epeq9wgsaol 0 17748 7788137 7785696 2026-09-27T17:03:02Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788137 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tiburón.jpg|thumb]] An '''pating'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''Diksyunaryo Waray-Waray [Visaya] English-Tagalog'''. Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent., Inc. Quezon City. Tuig 2000. ISBN 971-08-6050-X. Pakli Ihap 280.</ref> (igbaw orden '''Selachimorpha''') ([[Iningles]]: ''Shark'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Pating'') amo an [[isda]] nga mayda kalansay nga cartilage biskan bukog. Ini in nanganganak tag-upat nga diri nambu[[bunay]]. An pating amo in harani na igparatod san mga [[pagi]]. May ada lahos 470 species an pating. An mga kilala na specie san pating amo an ''great white shark'', [[balanakon na pating]], [[butanding]], ''blue shark'', ''mako shark'', ngan an ''hammerhead shark''. ==Ebolusyon== [[File:CretaceousSharkTeeth061812.JPG|right |thumb|mga tango sa pating sadton ''[[Cretaceous]]''|alt=Photo of dozens of yellowish fossilized teeth, the teeth are of various sizes and are spread out randomly on a flat black surface.]] An ebidensya na nabubuhi an pating nagtitikang pa sadton ''[[Ordovician]] period'', 450–420 milyon katuig an nakalabay, antes pa mabuhi an mga ''vertebrate'' sa tuna ngan antes manudok an mga tanaman sa mga kontinente. Mga hingbis la an nakuha san mga nauna na mga pating ngan diri natanan na ''paleontologists'' naayon na nagtikang ini sa gipatingi, gindududahan na nagtikang ini na mga hingbis sa ''[[thelodont]] agnathans.''<ref name="RQES">{{cite web |last=Martin |first=R. Aidan |url=http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/evolution/earliest.htm |title=The Earliest Sharks |publisher=ReefQuest |accessdate=2009-02-10}}</ref> An gin'aayunan na giaarugi na hingbis sa pating nagtitikang sadton 420 milyon katuig an nakaagi, sa ''[[Silurian]] period''. An kadam'an san mga moderno na pating nagtitikang sadton 100 milyon katuig an nakalabay. Tango an kaurugan san mga ''fossils'' na nahihiagian. ==Anatomiya== [[Paypay:Parts of a shark.svg|thumbnail|Anatomiya san Pating]] ===Tango=== Nasasalyuan an tango san pating na nakalubong sa lagos. Naabot 30,000 an natatangal na tango sa bug'os nakinabuhi sa pating. An pagtubo san tango sayo kabeses kada 8 - 10 kaadlaw tubtob sin pira ka bulan. ===Skeleton=== Naiiba an skeleton sa pating sa iba na [[isda]] ngan ''terrestrial vertebrates''. May ada an pating ngan pagi skeleton na ''cartilage'' ngan dagot. Matibay ngan ''flexible'' an cartilage, ngan haros katunga la an bug'at kumpara sa tul'an mao na nakakatrok ini kusog para sa pating.<ref name="skeletoncorset">{{cite web |url=http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/white_shark/skeleton.htm |title=Skeleton in the Corset |last=Martin|first=R. Aidan |publisher=ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research |accessdate=2009-08-21}}</ref> Tungud kay waray an pating mga gusok, madali maruba an kanra dughan sa kalugaringun na bug'at pag'aada ini sa tuna.<ref name=langoni>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805003021/http://langonigraphix.com/skeleton.html |archivedate=5 Agosto 2010 |url=http://langonigraphix.com/skeleton.html |title=A Shark's Skeleton & Organs |accessdate=14 Agosto 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Parikpik=== Higlaba ngan suportado sin mga ''filaments'' na protina an parikpik san pating. Gintatawag ini na ''filaments'' na ''ceratotrichia'', na naingon san keratin sa sungay ug buhok ngan barahibo san tamsi.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hamlett|first=William C.|title=Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes|publisher=The [[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|location=p 56|date=23 Abril 1999|edition=1|page=528|isbn=978-0-8018-6048-5|url=http://books.google.com/?id=ON-sPP5rowwC&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=shark+fin++ceratotrichia+supported&q=shark%20fin%20%20ceratotrichia%20supported}}</ref> Kadam'an sa pating may'ada walo na parikpik. ==Taxonomiya== [[Paypay:Sea Life London Aquarium DSC6088 - Flickr - dconvertini.jpg|thumbnail|Pating]] Sakob san ''superorder Selachimorpha'' an mga pating sa ''subclass [[Elasmobranchii]]'' ngan ''Class [[Chondrichthyes]]''. Sakob liwat sa ''Elasmobranchii'' an mga pagi; Sakob naman sa ''Chondrichthyes'' an mga ''[[Chimaera]]s''. Ginbabanabana na an mga pating ''polyphyletic'': nag'iiringun an itsur kudi magkakaiba an ninuno, ngan may mga pating na mas harani an relasyon sa pagi kaysa sa iba na mga pating.<ref name="Taxonomy">{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y5261e/y5261e08.htm|title=Sharks (Chondrichthyes)|publisher=FAO|accessdate=2009-09-14}}</ref> Guinbabahin an ''superorder Selachimorpha'' ngadto '''Galea (or [[Galeomorphii]])''', ngan '''Squalea'''. Sa Galeans sakob an [[Heterodontiformes]], [[Orectolobiformes]], [[Lamniformes]], ngan [[Carcharhiniformes]]. An ''Lamnoids'' ngan ''Carcharhinoids'' ginsasakob san sayo na ''clade'', pero naiimud sa mga bag'o na pag'aram na an ''Lamnoids'' ngan ''Orectoloboids'' nahihiilarum sa sayo nga ''clade''. An ''Squalea'' naman ginbabahin sa ''Hexanchoidei'' ngan ''Squalomorpha''. Sakob sa ''Hexanchoidei'' an [[Hexanchiformes]] ngan [[Chlamydoselachiformes]]. Sakob sa ''Squalomorpha'' an [[Squaliformes]] angan an ''Hypnosqualea''. Pwede na inbalido an ''Hypnosqualea''. Sakob sini an [[Squatiniformes]], ngan an ''Pristorajea'', na posible liwat na inbalido, sugad man sakob sini an [[Pristiophoriformes]] ngan an [[Pagi|Batoidea]].<ref name="Taxonomy"/><ref name="CompagnoFAO"/> Lahos 440 na species san pating na ginbabahin sa walo na order. An masunod na listahan nagpapaimud san kanra ebolusyon tikang san gi'uunahi tubtob san pinakamoderno na pating:<ref name="CompagnoFAO">{{cite web|url=http://www.elasmo.com/frameMe.html?file=selachin/fao/shark_gn.html&menu=bin/menu_topics-alt.html|title=Compagno's FAO Species List - 1984|publisher=Elasmo.com|accessdate=2009-09-14}}</ref> *[[Hexanchiformes]]: Halimbawa sini na grupo an ''cow shark'' ngan ''frilled shark'', na nan'iingun sa halas na pandagat. *[[Squaliformes]]: Sakob sini na grupo an ''bramble shark'', ''dogfish'', ''roughsharks'', ngan ''prickly shark''. *[[Pristiophoriformes]]: Ini an mga ''sawsharks''. *[[Squatiniformes]]: Ini an mga ''angel shark'', na halapad an kalawas ngan naingun san mga [[pagi]]. *[[Heterodontiformes]]: Ini an mga ''bullhead shark'' ug ''horn shark''. *[[Orectolobiformes]]: Sakob sini an ''carpet shark'', ''zebra shark'', ''nurse shark'', ''wobbegong'' ngan an [[butanding]]. *[[Carcharhiniformes]]: Ini an mga ''groundsharks'', Sakob sini an ''blue shark'', ''[[balanakon na pating|tiger shark]]'', ''grey reef shark'', ''blacktip reef shark'', ''Caribbean reef shark'', ''Blacktail reef shark'', ''whitetip reef shark'' ''oceanic whitetip shark'' ''houndshark'', ''catshark'' ngan ''hammerhead shark''. *[[Lamniformes]]: Ini an mga ''mackerel shark''. Sakob sini an ''goblin shark'', ''basking shark'', ''megamouth shark'', ''thresher shark'', ''shortfin mako shark'' and ''longfin mako shark'', ngan an ''great white shark''. Sakob san ''Lamniformes'' an ''extinct'' na [[megalodon]], ''Carcharodon megalodon''. ==Pinanbasaran== {{reflist}} ;Mga pankasahiran nga reperenysa {{Refbegin}} *{{Cite book | last=Castro | first=Jose |title=The Sharks of North American Waters | url=https://archive.org/details/sharksofnorthame00jose |location=College Station | publisher=Texas A&M University Press | date = 1983 |isbn= 0-89096-143-3 | oclc=183037060}} *{{Cite book | last=Stevens | first=John D. |title= Sharks | url=https://archive.org/details/sharks00stev |location= New York | publisher=NY Facts on File Publications | date = 1987 |isbn= 0-8160-1800-6 | oclc=15163749 |ref=harv}} *{{Cite book | last=Pough |first=F. H. | coauthors=Janis, C. M. & Heiser, J. B. | date = 2005 |title=Vertebrate Life. 7th Ed. | url=https://archive.org/details/vertebratelife0000poug |publisher=Pearson Education Ltd. |location=New Jersey |isbn = 0-13-127836-3 | oclc=54822028}} *Clover, Charles. 2004. ''The End of the Line: How overfishing is changing the world and what we eat''. Ebury Press, London. ISBN 0-09-189780-7 *Owen, David, ''Shark: In Peril in the Sea'', New South Wales, Allen and Unwin, 2009. ISBN 978-1-74175-032-4 *Moss, Jillian. 2010. "The Invention of Sharks, AKA: I Read It On the Internet". University of North Carolina Publishing, Raleigh, USA. (Publishing Pending) {{Refend}} ==Iba pa nga barasahon== * Musick, Jogn A and Musick, Susanna (2011) [http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/i2389e/i2389e.zip "Sharks"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170625/http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/i2389e/i2389e.zip |date=2016-03-03 }} In: ''Review of the state of world marine fishery resources'', pages 245–254, FAO Fisheries technical paper 569, FAO, Rome. ISBN 978-92-5-107023-9. * [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/06/0603_020603_shark1_2.html Sharks Falling Prey To Humans' Appetites] ''National Geographic'', 28 Oktubre 2010. ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== <!-- Please ensure that links posted here conform to [[WP:LINKS]], [[WP:COI]], [[WP:SPAM]] and [[WP:NOT]]. Non-conforming links will be deleted --> {{Sister project links|Shark}} {{Wikispecies|Selachimorpha}} {{Wikibooks|Dichotomous Key|Selachimorpha}} *[http://www.cms.int/species/sharks/sharks_bkrd.htm CMS Migratory Sharks Memorandum of Understanding] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809215945/https://www.cms.int/species/sharks/sharks_bkrd.htm |date=2018-08-09 }} *[http://wiki.answers.com/Q/FAQ/2999 WikiAnswers: questions and answers about Sharks] *[http://na.oceana.org/en/our-work/protect-marine-wildlife/sharks/overview Oceana's International Shark Campaign] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125221215/http://na.oceana.org/en/our-work/protect-marine-wildlife/sharks/overview |date=2012-01-25 }} *[http://www.sharks.org/ Shark Research Institute] *[http://www.geerg.ca/ Greenland Shark and Elasmobranch Education and Research Group] *[http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/Sharks/ISAF/ISAF.htm The International Shark Attack File] *[http://www.sharktrust.org/ Shark Trust Organization] *[http://www.elasmo-research.org/ ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research] *[http://www.whaleshark.org/ ECOCEAN Whale Shark Photo-identification Library] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102171512/http://www.whaleshark.org/ |date=2018-01-02 }} *[http://www.elasmo-research.org/research/checklist_res.htm Updated list of all known shark species] *[http://www.sharkattackfile.net/ Global Shark Attack File] *[http://www.sharkresearchcommittee.com/ Shark Research Committee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160116093349/http://www.sharkresearchcommittee.com/ |date=2016-01-16 }} *[http://www.elasmodiver.com/ Shark Pictures and Elasmobranch Field Guide] *[http://www.morphbank.net/Browse/ByImage/?tsn=551500 Shark pictures on Morphbank] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170503235532/http://www.morphbank.net/Browse/ByImage/?tsn=551500 |date=2017-05-03 }} *[http://www.oceanicdreams.com/ Shark pictures by Wolfgang Leander] *[http://ocean.si.edu/ocean-photos/shark-diversity/ Shark Diversity] by The Smithsonian Institution: Ocean Portal *[http://www.sharks.org.za/ Sharks.org.za] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510123645/http://www.sharks.org.za/ |date=2012-05-10 }} A detailed study *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Shark BBC Nature:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627014409/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Shark |date=2013-06-27 }} Shark news & video clips from BBC programmes past & present *[http://www.sampla.org/ South African Marine Predator Lab] a research institute studying marine top predators [[Kaarangay:Isda]] g8lo1vu1wzshokqa09c5916byj803lg 0 18001 7788153 7783712 2026-09-27T21:38:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Add 2 books for verifiability (20260927sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 7788153 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:504px-Pinguiculagrandiflora1web.jpg|thumb]] An '''Botaniká'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''Diksyunaryo Waray-Waray [Visaya] English-Tagalog'''. Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent., Inc. Quezon City. Tuig 2000. ISBN 971-08-6050-X. Pakli Ihap 46.</ref> , '''Botany''', syensya han tanom, phytolohiya, o biyolohiya han tanom amo an sanga han biyolohiya ngan an pag-aram syentipiko han kinabuhi han tanom ngan pag-uswag hini. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ==Bibliograpiya== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{Cite book | ref = harv | last1 = Acharya | first1 = Deepak | last2 = Anshu | first2 = Shrivastava | title = Indigenous Herbal Medicines: Tribal Formulations and Traditional Herbal Practices | date = 2008 | isbn = 81-7910-252-1 | publisher = Aavishkar Publishers | location = Jaipur, India}} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|Addelson|2003}} | last = Addelson | first = Barbara | url = http://www.bgci.org/education/article/414/ | title = Natural Science Institute in Botany and Ecology for Elementary Teachers | publisher = Botanical Gardens Conservation International | date = Disyembre 2003 | accessdate = 8 Hunyo 2013 | archive-date = 23 Mayo 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130523155525/http://www.bgci.org/education/article/414 | url-status = dead }} * {{Cite book |ref=harv |last=Anderson |first=Edward F. |date=2001 |title=The Cactus Family |url=https://archive.org/details/cactusfamily0000ande |publication-place=Pentland, Oregon |publisher=Timber Press |isbn=978-0-88192-498-5 }} * {{Cite journal |ref=harv |last1=Armstrong |first1=G. A. |last2=Hearst |first2=J. E. |title=Carotenoids 2: Genetics and Molecular Biology of Carotenoid Pigment Biosynthesis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_faseb-journal_1996-02_10_2/page/228 |journal=FASEB J. |volume=10 |issue=2 |date=1996 |pmid=8641556 |pages=228–37 }} * {{Cite journal | ref = harv | last1 = Becker | first1 = Burkhard | last2 = Marin | first2 = Birger | title = Streptophyte Algae and the Origin of Embryophytes | journal = Annals of Botany | url = http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/103/7/999.abstract | date = 2009 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford | accessdate = 16 Hunyo 2013 | doi = 10.1093/aob/mcp044 | volume = 103 | issue = 7 | pmid = 19273476 | pmc = 2707909 | pages = 999–1004 }} * {{Cite journal|ref=harv|last1=Beerling|first1=D. J.|last2=Osborne|first2=C. P.|last3=Chaloner|first3=W. G.|date=2001|title=Evolution of Leaf-form in Land Plants Linked to Atmospheric CO2 Decline in the Late Palaeozoic Era|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2001-03-15_410_6826/page/352|journal=Nature|volume=410|issue=6826|doi=10.1038/35066546|pmid=11268207|pages=352–4}} * {{Cite journal| ref = harv | last1 = Benderoth| first1 = Markus | last2 = Textor| first2 = Susanne| last3 = Windsor| first3 = Aaron J.| last4 = Mitchell-Olds| first4 = Thomas| last5 = Gershenzon | first5 = Jonathan | last6 = Kroymann| first6 = Juergen | title = Positive Selection Driving Diversification in Plant Secondary Metabolism |date= Hunyo 2006|volume=103|issue=24 | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | location = Washington, D.C.| jstor= 30051907| doi = 10.1073/pnas.0601738103| pmid = 16754868| pmc = 1482576|bibcode = 2006PNAS..103.9118B| pages = 9118–23 }} * {{Cite book | ref = harv | last = Ben-Menahem | first = Ari | title = Historical Encyclopedia of Natural and Mathematical Sciences | date = 2009 | isbn = 3-540-68831-5 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = Berlin|volume=1}} * {{Cite book | ref = harv | last1 = Bennett | first1 = Charles E. | last2 = Hammond | first2 = William A. | title = The Characters of Theophrastus – Introduction | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=n0JgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR30 | date = 1902 | publisher = Longmans, Green, and Co. | location = London | accessdate = 27 Hunyo 2012 }} * {{Cite book | ref = harv|last1=Bennett|first1=K. D.|last2=Willis|first2= K. J.|chapter=Pollen| date = 2001|title=Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments|volume= 3: Terrestrial, Algal, and Siliceous Indicators |editor-last=Smol|editor-first=John P.|editor2-last=Birks|editor2-first=H. John B.|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|place=Dordrecht, Germany}} * {{Cite journal | ref = harv | last = Bird | first = Adrian | title = Perceptions of Epigenetics | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2007-05-24_447_7143/page/396 | journal = Nature | volume = 447 | issue = 7143 | date = Mayo 2007 | pmid = 17522671 | doi = 10.1038/nature05913 | bibcode = 2007Natur.447..396B | pages = 396–8 }} * {{Cite journal| ref = harv| last1 = Björn| first1 = L. O.| last2 = Callaghan| first2 = T. 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W.|last2=Thimann|first2=K. V.|date=1937|title=Phytohormones|publisher=Macmillan|location=New York|url=http://ia700408.us.archive.org/33/items/phytohormones00went/phytohormones00went.pdf|format=PDF}} * {{Cite journal | ref = harv | last1 = Willis| first1 = A. J.| title =The Ecosystem: An Evolving Concept Viewed Historically | journal =Functional Ecology|publisher=British Ecological Society|location=London| volume = 11 | issue =2 | date = 1997|doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2435.1997.00081.x | pages = 268}} * {{Cite journal | ref = {{sfnRef|Woese et al.|1977}} | last1 = Woese | first1 = C. R. | last2 = Magrum | first2 = W. E. | last3 = Fox | first3 = L. J. | last4=Wolfe | first4 = G. E. | last5 = Woese | first5 = R. S. | title = An Ancient Divergence Among the Bacteria | url = https://archive.org/details/journal-of-molecular-evolution_1977_9_4/page/7 | journal = Journal of Molecular Evolution | volume = 9 | pages = 305–311 | issue = 4 |date= Agosto 1977 | pmid = 408502 | doi = 10.1007/BF01796092}} * {{Cite book | ref = harv | last1 = Yaniv | first1 = Zohara | last2 = Bachrach | first2 = Uriel | title = Handbook of Medicinal Plants | date = 2005 | isbn = 1-56022-994-2 | publisher = Haworth Press | location = Binghampton, NY}} * {{Cite book | ref = harv | last1 =Yates|first1= F.|last2= Mather|first2= K. | date = 1963|title=Ronald Aylmer Fisher 1890–1962|journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society|volume=9|jstor=769423}} * {{Cite book | ref = harv | last1 = Zohary | first1 = Daniel | last2 = Hopf | first2 = Maria | title = Domestication of Plants in the Old World | url = https://archive.org/details/domesticationofp0003zoha | date = 2000 | edition = 3rd | isbn = 978-0-19-850356-9 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford }} * {{Cite journal| ref={{sfnRef|Arabidopsis Genome Initiative|2000}}| author=The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative| title=Analysis of the Genome Sequence of the Flowering Plant Arabidopsis thaliana| url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2000-12-14_408_6814/page/796| journal=Nature| publisher=Nature Publishing Group| location=London| date=2000| volume=408| doi=10.1038/35048692| pmid=11130711| issue=6814| pages=796–815}} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|Plant Hormones|2013}} | url = https://agrikaido.com/plant-hormones/auxins/ | title = Auxins | publisher = Plant Hormones, Long Ashton Research Station, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council | accessdate = 15 Hulyo 2013 }} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|National Center for Biotechnology Information|2004}} | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/About/primer/genetics_cell.html | title = A Basic Introduction to the Science Underlying NCBI Resources | date = 30 Marso 2004 | publisher = National Center for Biotechnology Information | accessdate = 5 Marso 2012 }} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|Online Etymology Dictionary|2012}} | url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=botany&searchmode=none | title = Botany | publisher = Online Etymology Dictionary | date = 2012 | accessdate = 24 Pebrero 2012 }} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|National Museum of Wales|2007}} | url = http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/852/?article_id=131 | title = Early Herbals – The German Fathers of Botany | publisher = National Museum of Wales | date = 4 Hulyo 2007 | accessdate = 19 Pebrero 2012 | archive-date = 29 Hunyo 2012 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120629144256/http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/852/?article_id=131 | url-status = dead }} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|National Science Foundation|1989}} | url = http://www.nsf.gov/od/nms/recip_details.cfm?recip_id=120 | title = Katherine Esau | publisher = National Science Foundation | date = 1989 | accessdate = 26 Hunyo 2013 }} * {{Cite web|ref={{sfnRef|Botanical Society of America|2013}}|url=http://www.botany.org/bsa/millen/mil-chp1.html#Evolution|title=Evolution and Diversity, Botany for the Next Millennium: I. The Intellectual: Evolution, Development, Ecosystems|publisher=Botanical Society of America|accessdate=25 Hunyo 2013|archive-date=1998-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980131020409/http://www.botany.org/bsa/millen/mil-chp1.html#Evolution|url-status=}} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|University of Maryland Medical Center|2011}} | url = http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/herbal-medicine-000351.htm | title = Herbal Medicine | publisher = University of Maryland Medical Center | accessdate = 2 Marso 2012 | archive-date = 2 Marso 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120302205401/http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/herbal-medicine-000351.htm | url-status = dead }} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|Cleveland Museum of Natural History|2012}} | url = https://www.cmnh.org/discover/science/paleobotany-paleoecology | title = Paleobotany | publisher = Cleveland Museum of Natural History | accessdate = 30 Hulyo 2014 | archive-date = 2014-08-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140811074831/https://www.cmnh.org/discover/science/paleobotany-paleoecology | url-status = }} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|University of California-Davis|2012}} | url = http://phymap.ucdavis.edu/brachypodium/phymapintro.jsp | title = Physical Map of ''Brachypodium'' | publisher = University of California-Davis | accessdate = 26 Pebrero 2012 | archive-date = 24 Agosto 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110824105534/http://phymap.ucdavis.edu/brachypodium/phymapintro.jsp | url-status = dead }} * {{Cite web | ref = {{sfnRef|Missouri Botanical Garden|2009}} | url = http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/earth.html | title = Plants and Life on Earth | publisher = Missouri Botanical Garden | date = 2009 | accessdate = 10 Marso 2012 }} {{refend}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Wikibooks|Botany}} {{Commons category|Botany}} {{Wikisource portal|Botany}} {{WVD}} {{refbegin|30em}} * {{dmoz|Science/Biology/Botany/|Botany}} * [http://huntbot.andrew.cmu.edu/HIBD/Departments/Databases.shtml Botany databases] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103035558/http://huntbot.andrew.cmu.edu/HIBD/Departments/Databases.shtml |date=3 Enero 2011 }} at the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation * [http://www.kuleuven-kortrijk.be/bioweb/?page=guide&lang=en/ High quality pictures of plants and information about them] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131150733/http://www.kuleuven-kortrijk.be/bioweb/?page=guide&lang=en%2F |date=31 Enero 2012 }} from Catholic University of Leuven * [http://wildflower.utexas.edu/ Native Plant Information Network] * [http://plants.usda.gov/index.html USDA plant database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202091149/http://plants.usda.gov/index.html |date=2010-12-02 }} * [http://www.ou.edu/cas/botany-micro/www-vl/ The Virtual Library of Botany] * [http://ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/loc Larry Oglesby Collection] in the Claremont Colleges Digital Library {{refend}} [[Kaarangay:Botanika]] qc6b5a9389nelojp5h52goqjph1vbw1 0 18023 7788157 7652456 2026-09-28T11:20:24Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* */ + Kaarangay:Astronomiya 7788157 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Milky Way IR Spitzer.jpg|thumb]] An '''Gatasnon nga Agianan''' o '''Milky Way''' amo an [[galaxiya]] kun diin aada an [[Sistema Solar]]. [[Kaarangay:Astronomiya]] ==Pinanbasaran== {{Reflist}} ==Padugang nga barasahon== * Thorsten Dambeck in ''Sky and Telescope'', "Gaia's Mission to the Milky Way", March 2008, p.&nbsp;36–39. * [http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~george/ay20/Chiappini-MilkyWay.pdf Cristina Chiappini, The Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way, American Scientist, November/December 2001, pp. 506–515] ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Milky Way Galaxy}} {{Wikiquote}} * [http://www.3dgalaxymap.com/Galaxy/ 3D Galaxy Map] - a 3D representation of the Milky Way galaxy * [http://galaxymap.org/drupal/node/171 Basic Milky Way plan map] - includes spiral arms and Orion spur * [http://www.sky-map.org/?ra=12.0593794293245&de=-20.27239516216098&zoom=0&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=0&show_galaxies=1&img_source=IRAS Milky Way&nbsp;– IRAS (infrared) survey] - wikisky.org * [http://www.sky-map.org/?ra=12.0593794293245&de=-20.27239516216098&zoom=0&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=0&show_galaxies=1&img_source=HALPHA Milky Way&nbsp;– H-Alpha survey] - wikisky.org * [http://messier.seds.org/more/mw.html The Milky Way Galaxy] - SEDS Messier website * [http://mwmw.gsfc.nasa.gov/ MultiWavelength Milky Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217144911/http://mwmw.gsfc.nasa.gov/ |date=2009-02-17 }} - NASA site with images and [[VRML]] models * [http://galaxymap.org/drupal/node/127 Milky Way Explorer] - images in infrared with radio, microwave and hydrogen-alpha. * [http://www.360pano.eu/show/?id=736 Milky Way Panorama (9 billion pixels)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806131326/http://www.360pano.eu/show/?id=736 |date=2017-08-06 }}. * [https://youtube.com/watch?v=8o8rNBtaI_4 Milky Way Video (02:37) - VISTA IR Telescope Image (October 24, 2012)]<!--- <ref name ="Space-20121024">{{cite web |title=Amazing Photo Captures 84 Million Stars in Our Milky Way Galaxy |url=http://www.space.com/18193-milky-way-photo-84-millions-stars.html |date=October 24, 2012|publisher=[[Space.com]] |accessdate=October 25, 2012 }}</ref>---> * [http://alienworlds.southwales.ac.uk/milkyWay.html Animated tour of the Milky Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612041907/http://alienworlds.southwales.ac.uk/milkyWay.html |date=2013-06-12 }}, University of South Wales * [http://sci.esa.int/science-e-media/img/ec/PLANCK_FSM_03_Black_Regions_v02_extragalactic_frame_orig.jpg all-sky map] of [[microwave]] radiation ([[Planck (spacecraft)]] one-year all-sky survey) [[Kaarangay:Gatasnon nga Agianan]] mg04hktv758ftxrfjbpnh6idvkgcjw3 7788159 7788157 2026-09-28T11:23:03Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* */ 7788159 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Milky Way IR Spitzer.jpg|thumb]] An '''Gatasnon nga Agianan''' o '''Milky Way''' amo an [[galaxiya]] kun diin aada an [[Sistema Solar]]. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Reflist}} ==Padugang nga barasahon== * Thorsten Dambeck in ''Sky and Telescope'', "Gaia's Mission to the Milky Way", March 2008, p.&nbsp;36–39. * [http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~george/ay20/Chiappini-MilkyWay.pdf Cristina Chiappini, The Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way, American Scientist, November/December 2001, pp. 506–515] ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Milky Way Galaxy}} {{Wikiquote}} * [http://www.3dgalaxymap.com/Galaxy/ 3D Galaxy Map] - a 3D representation of the Milky Way galaxy * [http://galaxymap.org/drupal/node/171 Basic Milky Way plan map] - includes spiral arms and Orion spur * [http://www.sky-map.org/?ra=12.0593794293245&de=-20.27239516216098&zoom=0&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=0&show_galaxies=1&img_source=IRAS Milky Way&nbsp;– IRAS (infrared) survey] - wikisky.org * [http://www.sky-map.org/?ra=12.0593794293245&de=-20.27239516216098&zoom=0&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=0&show_galaxies=1&img_source=HALPHA Milky Way&nbsp;– H-Alpha survey] - wikisky.org * [http://messier.seds.org/more/mw.html The Milky Way Galaxy] - SEDS Messier website * [http://mwmw.gsfc.nasa.gov/ MultiWavelength Milky Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217144911/http://mwmw.gsfc.nasa.gov/ |date=2009-02-17 }} - NASA site with images and [[VRML]] models * [http://galaxymap.org/drupal/node/127 Milky Way Explorer] - images in infrared with radio, microwave and hydrogen-alpha. * [http://www.360pano.eu/show/?id=736 Milky Way Panorama (9 billion pixels)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806131326/http://www.360pano.eu/show/?id=736 |date=2017-08-06 }}. * [https://youtube.com/watch?v=8o8rNBtaI_4 Milky Way Video (02:37) - VISTA IR Telescope Image (October 24, 2012)]<!--- <ref name ="Space-20121024">{{cite web |title=Amazing Photo Captures 84 Million Stars in Our Milky Way Galaxy |url=http://www.space.com/18193-milky-way-photo-84-millions-stars.html |date=October 24, 2012|publisher=[[Space.com]] |accessdate=October 25, 2012 }}</ref>---> * [http://alienworlds.southwales.ac.uk/milkyWay.html Animated tour of the Milky Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612041907/http://alienworlds.southwales.ac.uk/milkyWay.html |date=2013-06-12 }}, University of South Wales * [http://sci.esa.int/science-e-media/img/ec/PLANCK_FSM_03_Black_Regions_v02_extragalactic_frame_orig.jpg all-sky map] of [[microwave]] radiation ([[Planck (spacecraft)]] one-year all-sky survey) [[Kaarangay:Gatasnon nga Agianan]] 9g387a6h0pbo4s2q4lrs8n324ts79z7 0 18123 7788084 7785593 2026-09-27T12:24:27Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Seksuwalidad hin tawo 7788084 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sperm-egg.jpg|thumb]] Ha [[biyolohiya]], an '''seks'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''Diksyunaryo Waray-Waray [Visaya] English-Tagalog'''. Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent., Inc. Quezon City. Tuig 2000. ISBN 971-08-6050-X. Pakli Ihap 334. </ref> amo an pamaagi han pagtampo ngan paguukay han mga [[henetika]] nga namamana, haros nagkakamayda hin paglalainlain hin [[organismo]] pakadto ha [[lalaki]] ngan [[babaye]]. == Pinanbasaran == {{reflist}} == Padugang nga barasahon == {{refbegin|30em}} * Arnqvist, G. & Rowe, L. (2005) ''[[Sexual conflict]]''. Princeton University Press, Princeton. ISBN 0-691-12217-2 * {{cite book| author=Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, and Walter P| title=Molecular Biology of the Cell| url=https://archive.org/details/molecularbiology0004albe| edition=4th| year=2002| isbn=0-8153-3218-1| publisher=Garland Science| location=New York}} * Ellis, Havelock (1933). ''Psychology of Sex''. London: W. Heinemann Medical Books. xii, 322 p. ''N.B''.: One of many books by this pioneering authority on aspects of human sexuality. * {{cite book| title=Developmental Biology| url=https://archive.org/details/developmentalbio00gilb| edition=6th| author=Gilbert SF| publisher=Sinauer Associates, Inc.| year=2000| isbn=0-87893-243-7}} * Maynard-Smith, J. ''The Evolution of Sex''. Cambridge University Press, 1978. {{refend}} == Mga sumpay ha gawas == {{Sister project links|Sex}} *{{Wikipedia books link}} * [http://www.gfmer.ch/Books/Reproductive_health/Human_sexual_differentiation.html Human Sexual Differentiation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209011913/http://www.gfmer.ch/Books/Reproductive_health/Human_sexual_differentiation.html |date=2010-02-09 }} by P. C. Sizonenko [[Kaarangay:Biyolohiya]] [[Kaarangay:Seksuwalidad hin tawo]] 9beh7g12c0605d3rtrqgbvu0459u59m 0 18247 7788078 6271556 2026-09-27T12:14:41Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Pag-aram 7788078 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:World illiteracy 1970-2005.gif|thumb]] An may '''inadman''' amo an [[pagbaro|nabaro]] o [[pag-aram|maaram]] [[pagbasa|magbasa]] ngan [[magsurat]], danay gindugangan hin maaram [[pamati|mamati]] ngan mag[[yakan]]. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Reflist}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Wiktionary}} * [http://www.unesco.org/education/literacy UNESCO Literacy Portal] * [http://www.unesco.org/uil/litbase UNESCO Effective Literacy Practice Database] * {{dmoz|Society/Issues/Education/Literacy}} * [http://www.literacyassessment.co.uk/ Literacy Assessment] * [http://www.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/nationalstrategies/primary/literacysubjectarea The National Strategies for Primary Literacy] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20121223224312/http://www.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/nationalstrategies/primary/literacysubjectarea |date=2012-12-23 }} * [http://daln.osu.edu The Digital Archive of Literacy Narratives] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090401204405/http://daln.osu.edu/ |date=2009-04-01 }} * [http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/ National Literacy Trust] * [[List of countries by literacy rate]] List of Countries by literacy rate. [[Kaarangay:Pag-aram]] rf2zoa73j7s18et17cf79410z7uel1v 0 18427 7788133 6903633 2026-09-27T16:59:19Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Hayop 7788133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = ''Bubalus bubalis'' | status = | image = Water buffalo bathing.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Artiodactyla]] | familia = [[Bovidae]] | genus = [[Bubalus]] | species = '''Bubalus bubalis''' | binomial = Bubalus bubalis | binomial_authority = ([[Linnaeus (awtor)|Linnaeus]], 1758) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Vertebrata]] | infraclassis = [[Eutheria]] | synonyms = }} An '''karabaw''' (''Bubalus bubalis carabanesis'') amo an usa nga [[hayup]] pan-uma nga gingagamit hit pagbutong hin arado ngan pagdara hin mga karga pakadto ha merkado. Amo ini an nasodnon nga hayop han [[Pilipinas]]. Nangang[[anak]] tig'usa kada [[upat]] ka anyus/[[tuig]]. An '''''Bubalus bubalis'''''<ref name = "col681"/><ref name = "col728"/><ref name = "col734"/><ref name = "col738"/> in uska species han [[Mammalia]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni [[Linnaeus (awtor)|Linnaeus]] hadton 1758. An ''Bubalus bubalis'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Bubalus]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Bovidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> <gallery mode="packed"> Carabao.jpg Wasserbüffel (25787818312).jpg </gallery> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/bubalus+bubalis/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col681">Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes (2003) , Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada</ref> <ref name = "col728">Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (1992) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing</ref> <ref name = "col734"> (1998) , website, Mammal Species of the World</ref> <ref name = "col738">Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World</ref> <ref name = "source">''ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System''. Orrell T. (custodian), 26 Abril 2011</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Bubalus bubalis}} {{Wikispecies|Bubalus bubalis|''Bubalus bubalis''}} [[Kaarangay:Bubalus]] {{Turók}} {{Commons category|Carabao}} [[Kaarangay:Hayop]] ri546th782wvv1phdfu10il8wbypq9p 0 19801 7788162 6332766 2026-09-28T11:33:31Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* Mga sumpay ha gawas */ + Kaarangay:Astronomiya 7788162 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayl:Solar sys.jpg|thumb]] An '''hulog-bug-át'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 153.</ref> o '''grabidád'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 153.</ref> amo in usa han mga mahinungdan nga interaksyon ha kalibungan ngan amo an paagi nga diin an ngatanan nga butang nga may masa in tagsa-tagsa naglulugaring pagharani. '''Grabitad''' (Iningles:Gravity) (Pambansa:Gravitad) usa nga [[puwirsa]] nga na[[butung]] han ngatanan nga butang diri api an [[ayri]] tipa-[[ubus]] ngadtu [[tona]]/[[kalibutan]]. '''Gravitad''' (Iningles:Gravity) (Pambansa:xxxxxx) usa ka [[puwirsa]] nga na[[butung]] han nga[[tanan]] nga [[butang]] tipa-[[sintru]] han [[planeta]] sugad han [[kalibutan]], ibba pa nga [[planeta]] ug [[bulan]]. An [[ritratu]] adi ha [[tuu]] [[Paypay:GRAVITAD.jpg|400px|thumb|grabitad]] == Pinanbasaran == {{reflist}} {{turók}} {{Commonscat|Gravitation}} ==Mga reperensya== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book | last = Halliday | first = David | author2 = Robert Resnick | author3 = Kenneth S. Krane | title = Physics v. 1 | location = New York | publisher = John Wiley & Sons | date = 2001 | isbn = 0-471-32057-9 }} *{{cite book | last = Serway | first = Raymond A. | author2 = Jewett, John W. | title = Physics for Scientists and Engineers | url = https://archive.org/details/physicssciengv2p00serw | edition = 6th | publisher = Brooks/Cole | date = 2004 | isbn = 0-534-40842-7 }} *{{cite book | last = Tipler | first = Paul | title = Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Mechanics, Oscillations and Waves, Thermodynamics | url = https://archive.org/details/physicsforscient0002tipl | edition = 5th | publisher = W. H. Freeman | date = 2004 | isbn = 0-7167-0809-4 }} {{refend}} <!--Unused ref: Proposition 75, Theorem 35: p.&nbsp;956 - I.Bernard Cohen and Anne Whitman, translators: Isaac Newton, ''The Principia'': Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Preceded by ''A Guide to Newton's Principia'', by I. Bernard Cohen. University of California Press 1999 ISBN 0-520-08816-6 ISBN 0-520-08817-4 --> ==Padugang nga barasahon== * {{cite book |author=[[Kip Thorne|Thorne, Kip S.]]; Misner, Charles W.; Wheeler, John Archibald |title=Gravitation |publisher=W.H. Freeman |date=1973 |isbn=0-7167-0344-0}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{wiktionary}} {{Commons category|Gravitation}} * {{springer|title=Gravitation|id=p/g045040}} * {{springer|title=Gravitation, theory of|id=p/g045050}} [[Kaarangay:Astronomiya]] 9kp4529t5hbnm00ubvhxmadqwrr7gqy 0 20062 7788098 2085779 2026-09-27T13:14:42Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Kristiyanismo 7788098 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Council of Constantinople 381 BnF MS Gr510 fol355.jpg|thumb]] An '''Pagburublag han Sinirangan-Katundan''' amo an gintatawag kun pa-o-nanho an [[Kristiyanismo]] natunga ha duha ka dako nga sanga ha [[Butnga nga Panahon]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Kristiyanismo]] 4d9kvu6yfqo9kiaed054rn3qcbb3puj 7788099 7788098 2026-09-27T13:15:02Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788099 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Council of Constantinople 381 BnF MS Gr510 fol355.jpg|thumb]] An '''Pagburublag han Sinirangan-Katundan''' amo an gintatawag kun pa-o-nanho an [[Kristiyanismo]] natunga ha duha ka dako nga sanga ha [[Butnga nga Panahon]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Kristyanismo]] mg8i4zzdvtrx1r9ey15r8zhggvxxvxf 0 20120 7788089 2085764 2026-09-27T12:34:42Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Punuan 7788089 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Pagbulagbulag han gahom''' usa ka modelo han pangobyernohan han mga estado demokratiko. Hini nga modelo, an estado ginbabahin ha mga sanga, tagsa-tagsa mayda bulag ngan lugaring nga gahom ngan mga sakop nga reponsibilidad. {{Stub}} [[Kaarangay:Punuan]] jrl5kyqtvse9go4ahvs70rjnq7bi3rb 0 32245 7788090 6269017 2026-09-27T12:38:13Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Lawas 7788090 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File: human male foot.jpg|thumb|260px]] An '''rapadapá''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Foot Palm/Sole'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Talampakan'')<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''Diksyunaryo Waray-Waray [Visaya] English-Tagalog'''. Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent., Inc. Quezon City. Tuig 2000. ISBN 971-08-6050-X. Pakli Ihap 305. </ref><ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 364.</ref> amo an kailaroman han [[tiil]]. == Mga kasarigan == {{reflist}} {{turók}} [[de:Fuß#Fußsohle]] [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] 5ifjz1b3qihsayjuh6xe26s2jot71f5 0 32315 7788163 7784742 2026-09-28T11:34:39Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* Mga kasarigan */ + Kaarangay:Mga hinawngan 7788163 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Luge Schlucht.jpg|thumb]] An '''lingawan'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 130.</ref> (poydi liwat an liáwliáw<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 130.</ref>, pagliáwliáw<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 130.</ref> o liawan<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 130.</ref>) amo an pagpalipas oras basi tagan hin [[kahimurayaw]] an [[lawas]] o panhuna-huna. == Mga kasarigan == {{reflist}} {{turók}} [[Kaarangay:Psikolohiya]] [[Kaarangay:Mga hinawngan]] lm5j4mxcoz5vp4kkhavdape8gxscg14 0 117872 7788091 7784745 2026-09-27T12:39:35Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Iningles/Tinagalog 7788091 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Temple (anatomy) (PSF).svg|thumb]] An '''sapiríng'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 414.</ref>, '''alonggigisíng'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 414.</ref> o '''sintido'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 414.</ref> ([[Iningles]]: ''Temple'', [[Tinagalog]]: ''Pilipisan'') amo an aada ha ligid han [[ulo]] ha likod han mga [[mata]]. ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist}} {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] 76i1erfpxdo6p04lc0rdabvow65evi9 0 117882 7788164 2236621 2026-09-28T11:39:11Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* */ + bag-o nga paypay, Iningles 7788164 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Baby_hairy_head_DSCN2483.jpg|thumb]] An '''anit han ulo'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 330.</ref> o '''panit han ulo'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 330.</ref> ([[Iningles]]: ''Scalp'') amo an pan-[[anatomiya]] nga dapit ha butnga han [[kahimo]] ngan [[liog]]. ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist}} {{turok}} 3xuwh9zegxhqg9qqpnpo56m4tsjlq9d 7788165 7788164 2026-09-28T11:39:49Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* Mga kasarigan */ + Kaarangay:Lawas 7788165 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Baby_hairy_head_DSCN2483.jpg|thumb]] An '''anit han ulo'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 330.</ref> o '''panit han ulo'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 330.</ref> ([[Iningles]]: ''Scalp'') amo an pan-[[anatomiya]] nga dapit ha butnga han [[kahimo]] ngan [[liog]]. ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist}} {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] chp6mpap7deomryqobdu3tf8uc6zebp 0 117917 7788101 7787400 2026-09-27T13:24:34Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Iningles/Tinagalog 7788101 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Joint.svg|thumb|250px]] An '''kaluluthán'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 190.</ref> ([[Iningles]]: ''Joint'', [[Tinagalog]]: ''Kasu-kasuan'') amo an lokasyon kun diin an [[duha]] o labaw nga mga [[tul-an]] in nahimo hin dukot. ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist}} {{turok}} {{Commonscat|Joints}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] tf86p4al43kdefymycbb4qle7gd3icm 0 117926 7788102 7784207 2026-09-27T13:25:44Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay 7788102 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tupaia cf javanica 050917 manc.jpg|thumb|Tupaia javanica, Homo sapiens]] An '''kamót'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3. Tuig 2005. Pakli Ihap 159.</ref> amo an bahin han [[lawas]] nga may ada damo nga [[tudlo]], gamit hit pangapot, nga nahibutang ha kataposan hit butkon han mga [[primata]] ngan iba nga mga [[vertebrado]]. {{commonscat|Hands}} ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist}} {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] 0vwnic6g5zwgjym1ojbwcg4m6bbsjpn 14 131794 7788112 6209543 2026-09-27T15:32:43Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Bungto ha Eastern Samar 7788112 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kaarangay:Bungto ha Eastern Samar]] a4iv1cf14d4ba3ipnwcr68c105x32tx 0 132910 7788130 7784747 2026-09-27T16:57:21Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788130 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:US long grain rice.jpg|thumb]] An '''humay''' o '''paray''' ([[Iningles]]: [[Rice]], [[Pambansa]]: ''Palay''), monocot nga mga tanom ''Oryza sativa'' o ''Oryza glaberrima''. It iya pinarotan nga [[liso]] in gintatawag nga '''bugas'''. Komo usa ka [[grano]] cereal, ini an panguna nga [[pagkaon]] hin dako nga bahin han kanan [[kalibutan]] [[katawhan]], labi na ha [[Salatan-Sinirangan nga Asya|Sinirangan nga Salatan Asya]], an [[Butnga Sinirangan]], [[Amerika Latina]] ngan [[Caribe]]. Ini an grano nga may-ada ikaduha nga gidadakoi nga produksyon, kahuman la han [[mais]]. Tungod nga dako nga bahin han mais in ginpapaturok diri para ha [[tawo]] nga pagconsumo nga katuyoan, an bugas in gihihinongdani nga grano kun [[nutrisyon]] han katawhan ngan pagkarawat hin calorie it ginhihimangrawan, nga nahatag labaw han kat-lima nga mga calorie nga gincoconsumo han tawo nga espesye han kalibutan. Ha kadaan an mga [[Waray (katawhan)|waray-waray]] ini diritsu in guin pri[[pritu]] nadaku an busag nga sulod hini ngan naguiguin ma-[[asin]] an putus han humay. ==Mga pamaagi ug proseso han pagtanom hin humay ha uma== # An gigisiyahani nga bubuhaton, amo an pag ARADO. It pag-arado amo ine an pagtusak han tuna nga pagsasaburan han humay. # Ikaduha,an pag MOTOR. It pag motor liwat asya ine an paglimpyo han tuna nga pagsasaburan. Kinahanglan balik-balikon it pag motor han tuna basi magkatatanggal an mga si-ot o an mga una na nga ginanihan. # Ikatulo,an pag HARAS ngan pag APIS. Asya ine liwat an paglimpyo ngan pag ayad hin tapi o tagaytay. # Ikaupat,an pag SAPHID o pag SUROD. It pag saphid o pag surod amo na ine an pagpatag han tuna nga pagsasabwagan han binhi nga imo napili ig tanom. # Ikalima,an pagpa TUOY o pag PALABTOG han binhi nga imo napili. Pag-abot hin baynte ka oras na pagpatuoy, poydi mo na ine haw-ason ngan ihuwad liwat ha kinap hin patag. # Ikaunom,an pag SABWAG han binhi. Tikang han adlaw nga paghaw-as han binhi, mamumulat ka anay ma upat ka adlaw ugsa han pagsabwag ha uma. # Ikapito,an pag GANI. Pag abot han baynte diyas tikang han pagsabwag han binhi, amo na it pagpa gani. Kinahanglanon liwat magka may-ada eksakto nga tubig it im tanom basi masayon ngan di matig-a pag gani. Manginginahanglan kana hito hin tawo nga magturupad hini nga trabahuon ha paagi hin pagsuhol haira. # Ikawalo,an pag TANOM. An pag tanom, pagkinbuwasan la ngahaw han pagpa gani. Manginginahanglan ka gihapon hine hin magtratrabaho basi mapadagmit ngan malaksi mahuman. Siguraduha gihapon na dire mawawarayan tubig im tanuman basi dire pagmad-an ngan mamatay im tanom. # Ika-siyam,an pag ABONO. Pag-abot liwat hin lima kaadlaw tikang han pag tanom asya na an im pag-abono basi mag maupay an pagtubo han im tanom. Pagkatima liwat, mamumulat ka ngada ha kuwarenta-e-singko diyas san-o ka mag-abono utro. # Imo pagbuburusitahon tim uma o tanuman para mabantayan ngan makabaro ka na maupay it pagtubo tim tanom. Pag-abot han oras han pag ulbo han bunga, imo gud ine titimangnuon hin kaurupayda. Poydi mo gihapon esprihan para dire pagyatuton ngan mananapon para magmaupay it kuha hit humay. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ==Bibliograpiya== *{{Cite book|ref=Watson|author=Watson, Andrew | date = 1983|title=Agricultural innovation in the early Islamic world|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-06883-5}} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=110 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=110 }} *{{Cite book|authors=Songkran Chitrakon and Boriboon Somrith|title=Science and technology with Thai rice, National center for genetic engineering| date = 2003|publisher=The public information department|page=30}} *{{Cite book|title=The ecology of life| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Plubisher|page=44}} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada|title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=45 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=110 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=45 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=45 }} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Sister project links|wikt=rice|n=no|q=no|s=no|b=Cookbook:Rice}} * [http://agritrade.cta.int/Agriculture/Commodities/Rice ''Agritrade'' articles on rice trading] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110232219/http://agritrade.cta.int/Agriculture/Commodities/Rice |date=2015-01-10 }} * [http://ricewiki.big.ac.cn/ RiceWiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408005814/http://ricewiki.big.ac.cn/ |date=2019-04-08 }} * {{dmoz|Science/Agriculture/Field_Crops/Cereals/Rice}} * [http://irri.org/ International Rice Research Institute] * [http://www.trademap.org/open_access/Index.aspx?proceed=true&product=1006 Rice latest trade data on ITC Trade Map] * [http://irri.org/our-science/global-rice-science-partnership-grisp Global Rice Science Partnership] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128033938/http://irri.org/our-science/global-rice-science-partnership-grisp |date=2011-11-28 }} * [http://irri.org/ricetoday Rice Today magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921193633/http://irri.org/ricetoday/ |date=2015-09-21 }} * {{Wayback |date=20101021043815 |url=http://thecaloriecounter.net/calories-in-rice.html |title=Calories in rice }} * [http://irri.org/knowledge/irri-training/knowledge-bank Rice Knowledge Bank] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224921/http://irri.org/knowledge/irri-training/knowledge-bank |date=2013-12-02 }} * [http://www.pub.ac.za/resources/docs/biotech_biodiv_module_gr11_2005.pdf A Brief History of Rice (p. 9 – p. 12)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425044506/https://www.pub.ac.za/resources/docs/biotech_biodiv_module_gr11_2005.pdf |date=2012-04-25 }} * [http://www.havanatimes.org/?p=25078 A Cuban Skirmish for Rice] by Isbel Diaz Torres, ''Havana Times'', 16 Hunyo 2010 * [http://nfa.gov.ph/ National Food Authority.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815040459/http://www.nfa.gov.ph/ |date=2012-08-15 }} * [http://www.abc.net.au/health/talkinghealth/factbuster/stories/2009/01/27/2475255.htm Safe Storage of Cooked Rice] * [http://uark.libguides.com/rice Rice Research and Practice] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202221346/http://uark.libguides.com/rice |date=2013-12-02 }} * {{Cite journal |last=Pazuki |first=Arman |last2=Sohani |first2=Mehdi |lastauthoramp=yes |date=2013 |title=Phenotypic evaluation of scutellum-derived calluses in ‘Indica’ rice cultivars |url=http://aas.bf.uni-lj.si/september2013/08Pazuki.pdf |format=PDF |journal=Acta Agriculturae Slovenica |volume=101 |issue=2 |pages=239–247 |doi=10.2478/acas-2013-0020 |accessdate=2 Pebrero 2014 |archive-date=2014-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203200611/http://aas.bf.uni-lj.si/september2013/08Pazuki.pdf |url-status= }} [[Kaarangay:Humay]] [[kaarangay:banwa]] d4v465l62s2l2mmqnvzpuxcvrtviqal 7788131 7788130 2026-09-27T16:57:38Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788131 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:US long grain rice.jpg|thumb]] An '''humay''' o '''paray''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Rice'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Palay''), monocot nga mga tanom ''Oryza sativa'' o ''Oryza glaberrima''. It iya pinarotan nga [[liso]] in gintatawag nga '''bugas'''. Komo usa ka [[grano]] cereal, ini an panguna nga [[pagkaon]] hin dako nga bahin han kanan [[kalibutan]] [[katawhan]], labi na ha [[Salatan-Sinirangan nga Asya|Sinirangan nga Salatan Asya]], an [[Butnga Sinirangan]], [[Amerika Latina]] ngan [[Caribe]]. Ini an grano nga may-ada ikaduha nga gidadakoi nga produksyon, kahuman la han [[mais]]. Tungod nga dako nga bahin han mais in ginpapaturok diri para ha [[tawo]] nga pagconsumo nga katuyoan, an bugas in gihihinongdani nga grano kun [[nutrisyon]] han katawhan ngan pagkarawat hin calorie it ginhihimangrawan, nga nahatag labaw han kat-lima nga mga calorie nga gincoconsumo han tawo nga espesye han kalibutan. Ha kadaan an mga [[Waray (katawhan)|waray-waray]] ini diritsu in guin pri[[pritu]] nadaku an busag nga sulod hini ngan naguiguin ma-[[asin]] an putus han humay. ==Mga pamaagi ug proseso han pagtanom hin humay ha uma== # An gigisiyahani nga bubuhaton, amo an pag ARADO. It pag-arado amo ine an pagtusak han tuna nga pagsasaburan han humay. # Ikaduha,an pag MOTOR. It pag motor liwat asya ine an paglimpyo han tuna nga pagsasaburan. Kinahanglan balik-balikon it pag motor han tuna basi magkatatanggal an mga si-ot o an mga una na nga ginanihan. # Ikatulo,an pag HARAS ngan pag APIS. Asya ine liwat an paglimpyo ngan pag ayad hin tapi o tagaytay. # Ikaupat,an pag SAPHID o pag SUROD. It pag saphid o pag surod amo na ine an pagpatag han tuna nga pagsasabwagan han binhi nga imo napili ig tanom. # Ikalima,an pagpa TUOY o pag PALABTOG han binhi nga imo napili. Pag-abot hin baynte ka oras na pagpatuoy, poydi mo na ine haw-ason ngan ihuwad liwat ha kinap hin patag. # Ikaunom,an pag SABWAG han binhi. Tikang han adlaw nga paghaw-as han binhi, mamumulat ka anay ma upat ka adlaw ugsa han pagsabwag ha uma. # Ikapito,an pag GANI. Pag abot han baynte diyas tikang han pagsabwag han binhi, amo na it pagpa gani. Kinahanglanon liwat magka may-ada eksakto nga tubig it im tanom basi masayon ngan di matig-a pag gani. Manginginahanglan kana hito hin tawo nga magturupad hini nga trabahuon ha paagi hin pagsuhol haira. # Ikawalo,an pag TANOM. An pag tanom, pagkinbuwasan la ngahaw han pagpa gani. Manginginahanglan ka gihapon hine hin magtratrabaho basi mapadagmit ngan malaksi mahuman. Siguraduha gihapon na dire mawawarayan tubig im tanuman basi dire pagmad-an ngan mamatay im tanom. # Ika-siyam,an pag ABONO. Pag-abot liwat hin lima kaadlaw tikang han pag tanom asya na an im pag-abono basi mag maupay an pagtubo han im tanom. Pagkatima liwat, mamumulat ka ngada ha kuwarenta-e-singko diyas san-o ka mag-abono utro. # Imo pagbuburusitahon tim uma o tanuman para mabantayan ngan makabaro ka na maupay it pagtubo tim tanom. Pag-abot han oras han pag ulbo han bunga, imo gud ine titimangnuon hin kaurupayda. Poydi mo gihapon esprihan para dire pagyatuton ngan mananapon para magmaupay it kuha hit humay. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ==Bibliograpiya== *{{Cite book|ref=Watson|author=Watson, Andrew | date = 1983|title=Agricultural innovation in the early Islamic world|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-06883-5}} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=110 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=110 }} *{{Cite book|authors=Songkran Chitrakon and Boriboon Somrith|title=Science and technology with Thai rice, National center for genetic engineering| date = 2003|publisher=The public information department|page=30}} *{{Cite book|title=The ecology of life| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Plubisher|page=44}} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada|title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=45 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=110 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=45 }} *{{Cite book|first=Yaowanuch|last=Vespada||title=The genetic wonder of Thai rice| date = 1998|publisher=Plan Motif Publisher|page=45 }} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Sister project links|wikt=rice|n=no|q=no|s=no|b=Cookbook:Rice}} * [http://agritrade.cta.int/Agriculture/Commodities/Rice ''Agritrade'' articles on rice trading] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110232219/http://agritrade.cta.int/Agriculture/Commodities/Rice |date=2015-01-10 }} * [http://ricewiki.big.ac.cn/ RiceWiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408005814/http://ricewiki.big.ac.cn/ |date=2019-04-08 }} * {{dmoz|Science/Agriculture/Field_Crops/Cereals/Rice}} * [http://irri.org/ International Rice Research Institute] * [http://www.trademap.org/open_access/Index.aspx?proceed=true&product=1006 Rice latest trade data on ITC Trade Map] * [http://irri.org/our-science/global-rice-science-partnership-grisp Global Rice Science Partnership] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128033938/http://irri.org/our-science/global-rice-science-partnership-grisp |date=2011-11-28 }} * [http://irri.org/ricetoday Rice Today magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921193633/http://irri.org/ricetoday/ |date=2015-09-21 }} * {{Wayback |date=20101021043815 |url=http://thecaloriecounter.net/calories-in-rice.html |title=Calories in rice }} * [http://irri.org/knowledge/irri-training/knowledge-bank Rice Knowledge Bank] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224921/http://irri.org/knowledge/irri-training/knowledge-bank |date=2013-12-02 }} * [http://www.pub.ac.za/resources/docs/biotech_biodiv_module_gr11_2005.pdf A Brief History of Rice (p. 9 – p. 12)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425044506/https://www.pub.ac.za/resources/docs/biotech_biodiv_module_gr11_2005.pdf |date=2012-04-25 }} * [http://www.havanatimes.org/?p=25078 A Cuban Skirmish for Rice] by Isbel Diaz Torres, ''Havana Times'', 16 Hunyo 2010 * [http://nfa.gov.ph/ National Food Authority.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815040459/http://www.nfa.gov.ph/ |date=2012-08-15 }} * [http://www.abc.net.au/health/talkinghealth/factbuster/stories/2009/01/27/2475255.htm Safe Storage of Cooked Rice] * [http://uark.libguides.com/rice Rice Research and Practice] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202221346/http://uark.libguides.com/rice |date=2013-12-02 }} * {{Cite journal |last=Pazuki |first=Arman |last2=Sohani |first2=Mehdi |lastauthoramp=yes |date=2013 |title=Phenotypic evaluation of scutellum-derived calluses in ‘Indica’ rice cultivars |url=http://aas.bf.uni-lj.si/september2013/08Pazuki.pdf |format=PDF |journal=Acta Agriculturae Slovenica |volume=101 |issue=2 |pages=239–247 |doi=10.2478/acas-2013-0020 |accessdate=2 Pebrero 2014 |archive-date=2014-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203200611/http://aas.bf.uni-lj.si/september2013/08Pazuki.pdf |url-status= }} [[Kaarangay:Humay]] [[kaarangay:banwa]] 5idlbpnzmz6lp37t5a61zw11gk3grye 0 155281 7788087 6471987 2026-09-27T12:32:01Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Arkitektura 7788087 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayl:Sky scraper construction.jpg|thumb]] Ha mga larangan hin [[arkitektura]] ngan [[inhenyerya sibil]], an '''konstruksyon''' in paagi nga naglalakip hin paghimo o pagsumpay hin infrastruktura. == Mga sumpay ha gawas == * [http://stroyka.wikidot.com/ Konstruksyon] {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Arkitektura]] irnrjotozh8zitkxmbdn71a8rez4iih 0 155819 7788105 7785199 2026-09-27T13:30:08Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Iningles 7788105 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Eye makeup.jpg|thumb]] Iton '''lakuplakóp'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 119.</ref> ([[Iningles]]: ''Eyelid'') in manipis nga pilo hin [[panit]] nga natakop ngan nananalipod han mga [[mata]]. == Mga kasarigan == {{reflist}} {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] dk1rj6gfb0xxln961rfcpx6d2oj6sn6 0 155821 7788103 7784223 2026-09-27T13:27:42Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + paypay, Iningles/Tinagalog 7788103 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Jeremy_Cadot's_eyebrow.jpg|thumb]] Iton '''kiray'''<ref>Abuyen, Tomas A. '''DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog.''' National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 119.</ref> ([[Iningles]]: ''Eyebrow'', [[Tinagalog]]: ''Kilay'') in lugar hin madakmol nga [[buhok]] ha bawbaw hin mga [[mata]]. == Mga kasarigan == {{reflist}} {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] hsq3s04sy9055ocrwl8y8aqzqx1aaf2 14 156360 7788088 2806250 2026-09-27T12:33:00Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Inhenyeriya elektrika 7788088 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscat|Robotics}} [[Kaarangay:Inhenyeriya elektrika]] qvnqicdisyewhsordmrbdziy128n6ta 0 160563 7788077 6276447 2026-09-27T12:11:36Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Pag-aram, Kaarangay:Batasan hin tawo 7788077 wikitext text/x-wiki Iton '''pagbaro''' in pagkarawat hin mga [[impormasyon]], [[inadman]], [[batasan]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Pag-aram]] [[Kaarangay:Batasan hin tawo]] owbdb1a5bhv18bks2qfb91qont5cxui 0 162711 7788128 2262257 2026-09-27T16:30:27Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o nga paypay 7788128 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Ginger_Rogers_by_John_Miehle_5.jpg|175px|thumb]] Hi '''Ginger Rogers''' (natawo nga ''Virginia Katherine McMath''; [[Hulyo 16]], [[1911]] – [[Abril 25]], [[1995]]) in usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga aktris, mananayaw ngan man-aawit. {{turok}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rogers, Ginger}} [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1911]] [[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1995]] l7x7hi0sbts03auqvrm7kyjy7r096ja 0 166074 7788076 2264610 2026-09-27T12:09:27Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Siyensyas Sosyales 7788076 wikitext text/x-wiki Iton '''pedolohiya''' in [[pag-aram]] han [[batasan]] ngan pag-[[uswag]] han [[bata|kabataan]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Siyensyas Sosyales]] osjo3z2tmub20r23yub40o4bn4clnr5 0 166593 7788161 6333203 2026-09-28T11:26:39Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* Mga kasarigan */ + kaarangay:Wikimedia Foundation 7788161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Website | name = Wiktionary | logo = [[File:Wiktionary-logo-en.svg|125px|Wiktionary logo]][[Image:WiktionaryEn.svg|125px|Tigaman han Wiktionary]] | screenshot = [[File:Www.wiktionary.org screenshot.png|border|250px|Detalye han syahan nga pakli han Wiktionary. All major wiktionaries are listed by number of articles.]] | caption = Screenshot han wiktionary.org balay nga pakli | url = http://www.wiktionary.org | commercial = Diri | type = [[Diksyunaryo|Aada-ha-linya nga diksyunaryo]] | language = Multi-lingguwal (labaw 170) | registration = Opsyonal | owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]] | author = [[Jimmy Wales]] ngan an Komunidad han [[Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia]] | launch date = Disyembre 12, 2002 | current status = aktibo |alexa = {{DecreasePositive}} 661 ({{as of|2013|2|3|alt=February 2013}})<ref name="alexa">{{cite web |url= http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wiktionary.org |title= Wiktionary.org Site Info |publisher= [[Alexa Internet]] |accessdate= 2013-02-03 |archive-date= 2018-12-26 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181226130245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wiktionary.org |url-status= dead }}</ref><!--Updated monthly by OKBot.--> | revenue = | slogan = An Gawasnon nga Diksyunaryo }} Iton '''wikitionary''' in nakabase-ha-web nga proyekto hit paghimo hin gawasnon ngan libre nga diksyunaryo. ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist}} [[kaarangay:Wikimedia Foundation]] 8mdg5wvxet5cbslcgm8xhmc407o8hdm 0 174067 7788093 6575492 2026-09-27T12:43:35Z Magnefl 15170 Iginpapakita han retrato an dulaw nga ilarom . 7788093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Gastropoda|date=2013-02}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Arion distinctus'' | status = | image = Arion distinctus.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Mollusca]] | classis = [[Gastropoda]] | ordo = [[Stylommatophora]] | familia = [[Arionidae]] | genus = [[Arion]] | species = '''Arion distinctus''' | binomial = Arion distinctus | binomial_authority = [[Mabille (awtor)|Mabille]], 1868 | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = }} '''''Arion distinctus'''''<ref name = "col3"/><ref name = "col402"/><ref name = "col418"/> in uska species han [[Gastropoda]] nga ginhulagway ni [[Mabille (awtor)|Mabille]] hadton 1868. An ''Arion distinctus'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Arion]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Arionidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/arion+distinctus/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col3"> (1996) , database, NODC Taxonomic Code</ref> <ref name = "col402">Turgeon, D. D., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, W. K. Emerson, W. G. Lyons, W. Pratt, et al. (1988) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: mollusks, American Fisheries Society Special Publication 16</ref> <ref name = "col418">Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al. (1998) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed., American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26</ref> <ref name = "source">''ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System''. Orrell T. (custodian), 26 Abril 2011</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Arion distinctus}} {{Wikispecies|Arion distinctus|''Arion distinctus''}} [[Kaarangay:Arion]] fbvkrk0ka7bev9odix8vb3vqpj5tuux 0 187592 7788155 6943403 2026-09-28T07:47:50Z Llez 14758 7788155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Gastropoda|date=2013-02}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Littorina ziczac'' | status = | image = Echinolittorina ziczac 01.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Mollusca]] | classis = [[Gastropoda]] | ordo = [[Neotaenioglossa]] | familia = [[Littorinidae]] | genus = [[Littorina]] | species = '''Littorina ziczac''' | binomial = Littorina ziczac | binomial_authority = (Gmelin, 1791) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = }} '''''Littorina ziczac'''''<ref name = "col3"/> in uska species han [[Gastropoda]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni gmelin hadton 1791. An ''Littorina ziczac'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Littorina]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Littorinidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/littorina+ziczac/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col3"> (1996) , database, NODC Taxonomic Code</ref> <ref name = "source">''ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System''. Orrell T. (custodian), 26 Abril 2011</ref> </references> [[Kaarangay:Littorina]] 1aiv1yv9o34q8lu94b681524t3w2rm1 0 516305 7788139 7702861 2026-09-27T17:06:29Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Iningles 7788139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Actinopterygii|date=2013-03}} {{Taxobox | name = Malasugi | status = LC | image =Istiophorus_platypterus.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Actinopterygii]] | ordo = [[Perciformes]] | familia = [[Istiophoridae]] | genus = [[Istiophorus]] | species = '''Istiophorus platypterus''' | binomial = Istiophorus platypterus | binomial_authority = ([[Shaw (awtor)|Shaw]], 1792) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Vertebrata]] | superclassis = [[Osteichthyes]] | synonyms = ''Istiophorus amarui'' <small>[[Anthony Curtiss|Curtiss]], 1944</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus brookei'' <small>[[Fowler (awtor)|Fowler]], 1933</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus ludibundus'' <small>[[Gilbert Percy Whitley|Whitley]], 1933</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus greyii'' <small>[[Jordan (awtor)|Jordan]] & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1926</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus greyi'' <small>[[Jordan (awtor)|Jordan]] & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1926</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus gladius'' <small>[[Jordan (awtor)|Jordan]] & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1926</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus eriquius'' <small>[[Jordan (awtor)|Jordan]] & [[Ball (awtor)|Ball]], 1926</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus japonicus'' <small>[[Jordan (awtor)|Jordan]] & [[Thompson (awtor)|Thompson]], 1914</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Histiophorus dubius'' <small>[[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1873</small><ref name = "col480219"/><br>''Istiophorus dubius'' <small>[[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1873</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus triactis'' <small>[[Carl Benjamin Klunzinger|Klunzinger]], 1871</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus orientalis'' <small>([[Temminck (awtor)|Temminck]] & [[Hermann Schlegel|Schlegel]], 1844)</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Histiophorus orientalis'' <small>[[Temminck (awtor)|Temminck]] & [[Hermann Schlegel|Schlegel]], 1844</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Histiophorus indicus'' <small>[[Cuvier (awtor)|Cuvier]], 1832</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus immaculatus'' <small>([[Eduard Rüppell|Rüppell]], 1830)</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Histiophorus immaculatus'' <small>[[Eduard Rüppell|Rüppell]], 1830</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus gladifer'' <small>Lacepède, 1801</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Xiphias velifer'' <small>[[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]] & [[Schneider (awtor)|Schneider]], 1801</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus gladus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Istiophorus gladius'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Histiophorus gladius'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Scomber gladius'' <small>[[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793</small><ref name = "col485408"/><br>''Xiphias platypterus'' <small>[[Shaw (awtor)|Shaw]], 1792</small><ref name = "col485413"/> | status_ref = <ref name = "iucn"/> | status_system = iucn3.1 }} An '''Malasugi''' (''Istiophorus platypterus'')<ref name = "col485408"/> ([[Iningles]]: ''Indo-Pacific sailfish'') in uska species han [[Actinopterygii]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni [[Shaw (awtor)|Shaw]] hadton 1792. An Malasugi in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Istiophorus]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Istiophoridae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Ginklasipika han [[IUCN]] an species komo [[diri gud kababarak-an]].<ref name = "iucn"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/istiophorus+platypterus/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col485408">Nakamura, I. (1985) FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date., FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65 p.</ref> <ref name = "source">''FishBase''. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011</ref> <ref name = "iucn">{{IUCN2012.2|assessors= | date = 2011|id= 170338|title= Istiophorus platypterus|downloaded= 24 Oktubre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col485413">Heemstra, P.C. (1986) Istiophoridae., p. 839-841. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.</ref> <ref name = "col480219">Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2005) Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of May 2005., Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in May 2005.</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Istiophorus platypterus}} {{Wikispecies|Istiophorus platypterus|''Istiophorus platypterus''}} [[Kaarangay:Isda]] 3oggk5k7szahy7sh0owlr5xvmoylyln 0 532583 7788140 6964278 2026-09-27T17:08:10Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Iningles 7788140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Actinopterygii|date=2013-03}} {{Taxobox | name = Matang baka | status = | image = | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Actinopterygii]] | ordo = [[Perciformes]] | familia = [[Carangidae]] | genus = [[Selar]] | species = '''Selar crumenophthalmus''' | binomial = Selar crumenophthalmus | binomial_authority = ([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Vertebrata]] | superclassis = [[Osteichthyes]] | synonyms = ''Trachurops crumenophthalmus'' <small>[[Nichols (awtor)|Nichols]], 1935</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Trachurops brachychirus'' <small>[[Gill (awtor)|Gill]], 1862</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Caranx torvus'' <small>[[Leonard Jenyns|Jenyns]], 1841</small><ref name = "col482897"/><br>''Caranx blochii'' <small>[[Cuvier (awtor)|Cuvier]], 1833</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Caranx macrophthalmus'' <small>[[Eduard Rüppell|Rüppell]], 1830</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Caranx mauritianus'' <small>[[Jean René Constant Quoy|Quoy]] & [[Joseph Paul Gaimard|Gaimard]], 1825</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Caranx daubentonii'' <small>Lacepède, 1801</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Scomber balantiophthalmus'' <small>[[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]] & [[Schneider (awtor)|Schneider]], 1801</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Scomber plumieri'' <small>[[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Caranx plumieri'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Caranx crumenophthalmus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col480047"/><br>''Selar crumenophtalmus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485366"/><br>''Selar crumenopthalmus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485366"/><br>''Caranx crumenophtalmus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485366"/><br>''Trachurops crumenophthalmus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485428"/><br>''Trachiurops crumenophthalmus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col480484"/><br>''Trachurus crumenophthalmus'' <small>([[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793)</small><ref name = "col485366"/><br>''Scomber crumenophthalmus'' <small>[[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]], 1793</small><ref name = "col485432"/> }} An '''Matang baka''' (''Selar crumenophthalmus'')<ref name = "col485366"/> ([[Iningles]]: ''Bigeye scad'') in uska species han [[Actinopterygii]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni [[Bloch (awtor)|Bloch]] hadton 1793. An Matang baka in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Selar]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Carangidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/selar+crumenophthalmus/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col485366">Smith-Vaniz, W.F. (1995) Carangidae. Jureles, pámpanos, cojinúas, zapateros, cocineros, casabes, macarelas, chicharros, jorobados, medregales, pez pilota., p. 940-986. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome.</ref> <ref name = "source">''FishBase''. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011</ref> <ref name = "col485428">Smith-Vaniz, W.F., J.-C. Quéro and M. Desoutter (1990) Carangidae., p. 729-755. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.</ref> <ref name = "col480484">Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2000) Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 2000., Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 2000.</ref> <ref name = "col480047">Herre, A.W.C.T. and A.F. Umali (1948) English and local common names of Philippine fishes., U. S. Dept. of Interior and Fish and Wildl. Serv. Circular No. 14, U. S. Gov't Printing Office, Washington. 128 p.</ref> <ref name = "col482897">Jenyns, L. (1842) Fish., In C. Darwin (ed.) The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, R.N., during the years 1832-1836. Smith, Elder & Co., London (in 4 parts): p. 1-32 (Jan. 1840); 33-64 (Jun. 1840); 65-96 (Apr. 1841); 97-172 (Apr. 1842).</ref> <ref name = "col485432">Edwards, A.J. and C.W. Glass (1987) The fishes of Saint Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean. The pelagic fishes., J. Nat. Hist. 21:1367-1394.</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Selar crumenophthalmus}} ajn042ch0t40885h557j2q4bv5ziyvd 0 544987 7788136 7747231 2026-09-27T17:01:58Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Iningles 7788136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Actinopterygii|date=2013-03}} {{Taxobox | name = Bangus | status = | image = Milkfish.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Actinopterygii]] | ordo = [[Gonorynchiformes]] | familia = [[Chanidae]] | genus = [[Chanos]] | species = '''Chanos chanos''' | binomial = Chanos chanos | binomial_authority = ([[Peter Forsskål|Forsskål]], 1775) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Vertebrata]] | superclassis = [[Osteichthyes]] | synonyms = ''Chanos salmonoides'' <small>[[Günther (awtor)|Günther]], 1879</small><ref name = "col480246"/><br>''Chanos mossambicus'' <small>([[Peters (awtor)|Peters]], 1852)</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Lutodeira mossambicus'' <small>[[Peters (awtor)|Peters]], 1852</small><ref name = "col480219"/><br>''Butirinus argenteus'' <small>[[Jerdon (awtor)|Jerdon]], 1849</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Chanos nuchalis'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Chanos mento'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Chanos chloropterus'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Chanos cyprinella'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Chanos lubina'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Lutodeira chloropterus'' <small>([[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847)</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Chanos orientalis'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Cyprinus palah'' <small>([[Cuvier (awtor)|Cuvier]], 1829)</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Leuciscus palah'' <small>[[Cuvier (awtor)|Cuvier]], 1829</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Chanos indicus'' <small>(van Hasselt, 1823)</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Lutodeira indica'' <small>van Hasselt, 1823</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Chanos arabicus'' <small>Lacepède, 1803</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Chanos salmoneus'' <small>([[Forster (awtor)|Forster]], 1801)</small><ref name = "col480246"/><br>''Leuciscus salmoneus'' <small>([[Forster (awtor)|Forster]], 1801)</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Lutodeira salmonea'' <small>([[Forster (awtor)|Forster]], 1801)</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Mugil salmoneus'' <small>[[Forster (awtor)|Forster]], 1801</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Mugil chanos'' <small>[[Peter Forsskål|Forsskål]], 1775</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Lutodeira chanos'' <small>([[Peter Forsskål|Forsskål]], 1775)</small><ref name = "col485545"/><br>''Channo chanos'' <small>([[Peter Forsskål|Forsskål]], 1775)</small><ref name = "col485540"/><br>''Mugile chani'' <small>[[Peter Forsskål|Forsskål]], 1775</small><ref name = "col485540"/> }} An '''Bangus''' (''Chanos chanos'')<ref name = "col485538"/> ([[Iningles]]: ''Milkfish'') in usa nga specie han [[isda]] sakob han [[Actinopterygii]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni [[Peter Forsskål]] hadton 1775. An Bangus in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Chanos]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Chanidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> Usa an bangus sa mga paborito lutuon na isda sa mga Pilipino. ==Deskripsyon ngan biolohiya== ''Symmetrical'' ngan ''streamlined'' an itsura san bangus, ngan mayaon ''forked'' na ukig. Nadako an bangus tubtob 1.70 m (5 pye 7 pulgada), kudi an kaurugan maabot la 1 m (39 pulgada) an kahilaba. Wara tango ngan lumot ngan ''invertbrates'' an ginkakaon san bangus. Mahihiagian an bangus sa Indian Ocean ngan sa Dagat Pasipiko, ngan harani sa baybay ngan isla na may bakolod o bato. An sunoy naistar sa dagat sa sulod da duha tubtob tulo ka semana ngan mapakdto san may mga kabakhawan, ''estuaries'', ngan danay sa mga lawa, ngan mabalik sa dagat para magmature ''sexually'' ngan magpadamo. ==Pagtagabangus== An pag'ataman sa bangus pwede mahimo sa matapsi o sa ''brackishwater''. Nanganganak an bangus sa gab'i. An sabalo mapaguwas san mga bonay ngan an lalaki mapaguwas san ''milt''. An fertilization mahihinabo sa tubig. Diri na kinahanglan an ''hormone induction'' para mga ''mature breeders''. An mga bonay kokolektahon sa aga, lilimpyuhan ini dikan dayon ibubutang sa ''larval ponds''. Magpupusa an bonay san bangus sa sulod sa 24 oras. An mga similya manginginaon san ''yolk sac'' sa sulod sa 2-3 kaadlaw. Magkakayaon ''morphological'' na transpormasyon an mga similya. Una magninginaon ini san mga natural na pagkaon na presente ngan mga ''zooplankton'' ngan ''phytoplanktons''. Gintutubungan na ini san mga ''Commercial feeds'' pagdatung san ''last quarter'' san produksyon. Sa ''nursery'' ginpapatubo an bangus magtikang sa kawag-kawag ''(fry)'' nagto sa hatirin (fingerling). Sa ''transition stage'', an ''fingerlings'' ginpapatubo para magin ''juvenile'' o garungan, ngan sa ''grow-out stage'' ginpapadako an juveniles ngadto sa ''marketable sizes''. Sa Pilipinas daramo an mga lugar na bangusan sugad sa Pangasinan, Saranggani, Davao ngan Bacolod. ==Pagluto hin Bangus== Han bangus ay usa nga uso nga pagkaon ha Pilipinas, Taiwan, nganhin Indonesia. Ini ay ginngaranan nga "'''''National Fish of the Philippines'''''. An uso nga pagluto ini nga isda ha pilipinas ay ang Rellenong bangus. Hit una nga hirimuon ay kinikiskis at ginlilimpyo. Sunod ay ginatatangal an mga tinik, bubutngan hin mga "'''''stuffing''''' at igsusugba ha "'''''grill''''' nga dre maguguba an skin at buo pa an isda. ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/chanos+chanos/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col485538">Bagarinao, T. (1994) Systematics, distribution, genetics and life history of milkfish, ''Chanos chanos''., Environ. Biol. Fish. 39(1):23-41.</ref> <ref name = "source">''FishBase''. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011</ref> <ref name = "col485540">Schuster, W.H. (1960) Synopsis of biological data on milkfish ''Chanos chanos'' (Forsskål), 1775., FAO Fish. Biol. Synop. (4):pag. var.</ref> <ref name = "col485545">Arnoult, J. (1984) Chanidae., p. 128. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1.</ref> <ref name = "col480219">Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2005) Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of May 2005., Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in May 2005.</ref> <ref name = "col480246">Fricke, R. (1999) Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species., Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p.</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Chanos chanos}} {{Wikispecies|Chanos chanos|''Chanos chanos''}} [[Kaarangay:Isda]] tf6hex6yfe6339ctpor0v7ks0sm2qhv 0 575663 7788138 7775443 2026-09-27T17:05:25Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Iningles 7788138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Iliw | status = | image = Flying Fish (PSF).png | image_caption = | image_width = 250px | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Actinopterygii]] | ordo = [[Beloniformes]] | familia = [[Exocoetidae]] | genus = [[Cheilopogon]] | species = '''Cheilopogon furcatus''' | binomial = Cheilopogon furcatus | binomial_authority = ([[Samuel Latham Mitchill|Mitchill]], 1815) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Vertebrata]] | superclassis = [[Osteichthyes]] | synonyms = ''Cheilopogon antoncichi'' <small>(non Woods & [[Schultz (awtor)|Schultz]], 1953)</small><ref name = "col485951"/><br>''Cheilopogon unicolor'' <small>(non Valenciennes, 1847)</small><ref name = "col485264"/><br>''Exocetus nuttallii'' <small>[[Charles Alexandre Lesueur|Lesueur]], 1821</small><ref name = "col480544"/><br>''Exocoetus nuttalii'' <small>[[Charles Alexandre Lesueur|Lesueur]], 1821</small><ref name = "col480544"/><br>''Cypselurus furcatus'' <small>([[Samuel Latham Mitchill|Mitchill]], 1815)</small><ref name = "col481113"/><br>''Cypsilurus furcatus'' <small>([[Samuel Latham Mitchill|Mitchill]], 1815)</small><ref name = "col480246"/><br>''Cheliopogon furcatus'' <small>([[Samuel Latham Mitchill|Mitchill]], 1815)</small><ref name = "col480246"/><br>''Cheilopogon furcatus'' <small>([[Samuel Latham Mitchill|Mitchill]], 1815)</small><ref name = "col480136"/><br>''Exocoetus furcatus'' <small>[[Samuel Latham Mitchill|Mitchill]], 1815</small><ref name = "col481113"/><br>''Cypsilurus altipennis'' <small>(non Valenciennes)</small><ref name = "col481113"/> }} An '''Iliw''' (''Cheilopogon furcatus'')<ref name = "col481113"/> ([[Iningles]]: ''Spotfin flyingfish'') in usa specie han [[isda]] ha ilarum han [[Actinopterygii]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni [[Samuel Latham Mitchill]] hadton 1815. An Iliw in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Cheilopogon]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Exocoetidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> (Iningles:Flying Fish) (Pambansa:Wili) Iliw liwat an general na tawag san mga isda na meyembro san pamilya Exocoetidae, kun diin sakob an giiliwi na ''Cheilopogon furcatus'', ngan kilala inin mga isda na ''flying fish''. Mayaon 64 na species ngan pito tubtob siyam na genera an ''Exocoetidae''. Nalukso sin makusog ngan malayog an iliw guwas sa tubig gamit an kanra halapad nga parikpik. ==Ebolusyon== An giaarugi na fossil san iliw o ''flying fish'' amo an ''[[Potanichthys xingyiensis]]'', sa panahon san [[Middle Triassic]], 235–242 milyones katuig an nakalabay, pero diri ini uropod san san moderno na iliw, na bulag na nag-evolved sadton 66 milyones katuig an nakalabay.<ref>[http://www.nature.com/news/oldest-flying-fish-fossil-found-in-china-1.11707 Oldest flying fish fossil found in China] ''Nature'', News, 31 Oktubre 2012.</ref><ref>Xu, Guang-Hui; Li-Jun Zhao, Ke-Qin Gao and Fei-Xiang Wu (2012) [http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2012/10/24/rspb.2012.2261 A new stem-neopterygian fish from the Middle Triassic of China shows the earliest over-water gliding strategy of the vertebrates"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051711/http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2012/10/24/rspb.2012.2261 |date=2016-03-04 }} ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences'', Published online before print October 31, 2012. {{doi|10.1098/rspb.2012.2261}}</ref> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/cheilopogon+furcatus/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col481113">Parin, N.V. and R.H. Gibbs, Jr. (1990) Exocoetidae., p. 583-591. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.</ref> <ref name = "source">''FishBase''. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011</ref> <ref name = "col480136">Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti (2001) The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba., p. 21-57. In Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London. 253p.</ref> <ref name = "col485264">Heemstra, P.C. and N.V. Parin (1986) Exocoetidae., p. 391-396. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.</ref> <ref name = "col480246">Fricke, R. (1999) Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species., Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p.</ref> <ref name = "col485951">Gillett, R. and J. Ianelli (1991) Aspects of the biology and fisheries of flyingfish in the Pacific Islands., Field Document 91/7. FAO/UNDP Regional Fisheries Support Programme, Suva, Fiji.</ref> <ref name = "col480544">Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2009) Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of March 2009., Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in June 2007.</ref> </references> [[kaarangay:Isda]] bpkqxduoj4bzuw2i4u2hs97w2h4pysl 14 810508 7788160 5429229 2026-09-28T11:24:18Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* */ + Kaarangay:Astronomiya 7788160 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kaarangay:Astronomiya]] bfa2r7p02e12t1dj5z5uqp0x7x6bi6m 0 1381051 7788154 7115311 2026-09-28T07:09:21Z Ziv 62318 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Fly Aygust 2008-2.jpg]] → [[File:Fly August 2008-2.jpg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] · corr. 7788154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Diptera|date=2013-08}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Phaonia cincta'' | status = | image = Fly August 2008-2.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Diptera]] | familia = [[Muscidae]] | genus = [[Phaonia]] | species = '''Phaonia cincta''' | binomial = Phaonia cincta | binomial_authority = ([[Zetterstedt (awtor)|Zetterstedt]], 1846) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Hexapoda]] | synonyms = ''Spilogaster ulmicola'' <small>Laboulbene, 1873</small><br>''Yetodesia semidiaphana'' <small>[[Camillo Rondani|Rondani]], 1871</small><br>''Aricia cincta'' <small>[[Zetterstedt (awtor)|Zetterstedt]], 1845</small> }} An '''''Phaonia cincta'''''<ref name = "COL"/> in uska species han [[Diptera]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni [[Zetterstedt (awtor)|Zetterstedt]] hadton 1846. An ''Phaonia cincta'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Phaonia]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Muscidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/phaonia+cincta/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "source">''Systema Dipterorum''. Pape T. & Thompson F.C. (eds), 6 Enero 2011</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Phaonia cincta}} ==Image gallery== <gallery> Phaonia.cincta2.-.lindsey.jpg Phaonia.cincta9.-.lindsey.jpg </gallery> [[Kaarangay:Phaonia]] c0138cjrxi6u7bdy3nhger5o06wlann 0 1866339 7788096 6471998 2026-09-27T13:08:42Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788096 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sabut''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Deal/Brains'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Kasunduan'') Deal:usa nga [[yakan]] nga nagkakamay-ada hin pagtapu hit mga idiya. Brains:usa nga kina-iya nga diri maaagaw hit iba nga tawo. '''NAGPAPAsabut''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Explaining'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Nagpapahiwatig'') usa nga [[yakan]] nga nag papa-abat kun ano it iya karuyag [[sidngon]]. '''Sumabut''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Got It'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Naintindihan'') na[[kuha]] '''Nakasabut''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Thinked/Understand'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Naintindihan'') na[[huna-hunaa]]n 8ocd40f46vbrga9a6pxyuryxxca4rpd 0 1866359 7788100 5988148 2026-09-27T13:16:58Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Ontolohiya 7788100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Idiya''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Idea'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Ideya'') [[sinyal]]is han [[utok]] {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Ontolohiya]] 4gl47w6efpclbxwftvhsaeaa4dhd47q 0 1866407 7788124 6189223 2026-09-27T15:46:03Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Oras 7788124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Takna''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Time'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Oras'', [[Sugbu]]: ''Orasa'') [[Oras]] ; [[panahun]] [[Kaarangay:Oras]] gelnveubppxsrl1fzs1gsiviv3phey5 0 1866607 7788097 6189262 2026-09-27T13:10:08Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Pamilya 7788097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yagid''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Boyfriend/Girlfriend'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Mag-irog/Magkasintahan'') Nagkaka-[[sabut]]ay [[Kaarangay:Pamilya]] 57n7m932bqbi1g163mqal44kgx3n6wa 0 1867454 7788081 5013526 2026-09-27T12:20:51Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Batasan 7788081 wikitext text/x-wiki "Bulos" ([[Iningles]]: ''Revenge/Fight Back/Thank Back'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Babalik'') usa [[nga]] [[batasan]] ; [[balos]] ; pa[[salamat]] [[Kaarangay:Batasan]] 221578wndgchjstpbrsi663tkafpmoz 0 1867455 7788082 4605357 2026-09-27T12:21:41Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Batasan 7788082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Balos''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Write Back/Thank Back'') WRITE BACK:[[surat]] [[balik]] / THANK BACK:Pa[[salamat]] [[balik]] [[Kaarangay:Batasan]] bs9rc1u1q3jzx2v9v5fmovc1mkl5wrd 0 1867678 7788166 6189710 2026-09-28T11:41:52Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* */ + Kaarangay:Lawas 7788166 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tangu''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Teeth o Tooth'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Ngipin u Ipin'') porselana [[nga]] [[sulidu]] [[nga]] [[ilimintu]] [[ha]] [[baba]] Paglimpyada: Gamit hin [[asin]] para ma[[limpyu]]han ini. Kaarangay: [[Tangabon]] [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] c131dowxoudzt8ioyhvendaygkp5qo9 0 1867709 7788109 4605798 2026-09-27T13:40:52Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + paypay, Kaarangay:Paugnat-ha-Kusog 7788109 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:In_the_drink_(677653313).jpg|thumb]] '''Languy''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Swim'') pag[[lutaw]] [[ha]] [[tubig]]/[[likidu]] ; pag[[lakat]] ha [[tubig]]; [[ibba]] [[dinhi]] - [[ibba]] [[adtu]] {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Paugnat-ha-Kusog]] 4k3m9n7k3gmtxi337m32r82b6okdm6g 0 1982725 7788106 7787402 2026-09-27T13:31:34Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788106 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Cheek.jpg|thumb|240px]] An '''pisngi''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Cheek'', [[Tinagalog]]: ''Pisngi'') amo an parti mga [[tawo]] han [[lawas]] nga nag papakita [[mata]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] [[sv:King]] p49hnqudg7t2cjkqtp69prrdy4ce4l8 0 1983154 7788104 7784235 2026-09-27T13:28:57Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + paypay, Tinagalog, mga sumpay 7788104 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Thumbnail1.jpg|thumb|150px]] An '''kuko''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Fingernail'', [[Tinagalog]]: ''Kuko'') amo an bahin han [[lawas]] nga may ada damo nga gamit hit pangapot hin [[tawo]] nga nahibutang nga [[kamot]] han kataposan hit butkon han mga [[primata]] ngan iba nga mga [[mamalya]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Lawas]] ir1ghyza9onf9ghlanko5f5bayicmnz 14 1986134 7788132 4793998 2026-09-27T16:58:31Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Hayop 7788132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mga ordo han katamsihan''' * [[Galliformes]] (manok, pabo, pogo) * [[Accipitriformes]] * [[Anseriformes]] * [[Apodiformes]] * [[Bucerotiformes]] * [[Charadriiformes]] * [[Ciconiiformes]] * [[Coliiformes]] * [[Columbiformes]] (sarapati) * [[Coraciiformes]] * [[Craciformes]] * [[Cuculiformes]] * [[Falconiformes]] (agila, banog) * [[Galbuliformes]] * [[Gruiformes]] * [[Musophagiformes]] * [[Passeriformes]] * [[Pelecaniformes]] * [[Piciformes]] * [[Psittaciformes]] * [[Strigiformes]] (bukaw) * [[Struthioniformes]] (''ostritch'') * [[Tinamiformes]] * [[Trogoniformes]] * [[Turniciformes]] * [[Upupiformes]] [[Kaarangay:Hayop]] 53j11rpe977yrqhscy50aqse616b28k 0 2868451 7788080 6253897 2026-09-27T12:18:51Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Psikolohiya 7788080 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''psikyatriya''' amo in mediko ngan espesyalidad nga [[panlawas]] hin kinaadman nga nahanunungod han [[batasan]] han hunahunan ngan [[tawo]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Psikolohiya]] o04j99086yzse1mfy67n2vk8t5cx60u 0 2872900 7788167 6196210 2026-09-28T11:45:14Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* */ + Kaarangay:Kalayo 7788167 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Embers_01.JPG|thumb]] Iton '''baga''' amo an tawag han naglalamrag, mapaso nga [[uring]] nga nagpapabilin kahuman o danay san-o hin uska [[kalayo]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Kalayo]] ffel4qg5lgkz78gon2845eqm3f5qrbu 0 2886532 7788142 7772276 2026-09-27T18:01:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 7788142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Courtney Love|image=Life Ball 2014 Courtney Love Crop.png|alt=Profile photograph of Courtney Love|caption=Si Love sa 2014 [[Life Ball]]|birth_name=Courtney Michelle Harrison|birth_date={{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1964|07|09}}|birth_place=[[San Francisco]], [[California]], U.S.|other_names=Courtney Love Cobain|occupation={{hlist|Mang-aawit|Musikero|Aktres}}|years_active=1981–kasalukuyan|spouse={{unbulleted list|{{marriage|James Moreland|1989|1989|end=[[annulment|annulled]]}}|{{marriage|[[Kurt Cobain]]|1992|1994|end=[[Suicide of Kurt Cobain|died]]}}}}|children=[[Frances Bean Cobain]]|relatives={{unbulleted list|[[Linda Carroll]] (ina)|[[Paula Fox]] (Lola sa ina)}}|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | background = solo_singer | genre = {{hlist|[[Alternative rock]]|[[punk rock]]|[[noise rock]]|[[grunge]]|[[power pop]]}} | label = {{hlist|[[Sympathy for the Record Industry]]|[[Caroline Records|Caroline]]|[[DGC Records|DGC]]|[[Virgin Records|Virgin]]|[[Ghost Ramp]]}} | instrument = {{hlist|Vocals|guitar|keyboards}} | origin = [[Portland, Oregon]], U.S. | associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Hole (band)|Hole]]|[[Sugar Babydoll]]|[[Pagan Babies (band)|Pagan Babies]]|[[Faith No More]]|[[Lana Del Rey]]}} }}|signature=Courtney Love's signature from the 2016 Billboard Open Letter.svg}} Si '''Courtney Michelle Love''' (née Harrison; natawo sa Hulyo 9, 1964) usa ka [[Amerikano]]ng mag-aawit, kompositor ngan aktres. ==Filmograpiya== === Pelikula === {| class="wikitable" |+ | style="background:#ffc;" |{{dagger|alt=Mga pelikula nga wala pa gipakita}} |Mga pelikula nga wala pa gipakita |} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="min-width:30em" !Tuig !Titulo !Papel !Direktor ! class="unsortable" |Notes ! class="unsortable" |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- ! scope="row" |1984 |''Club Vatican'' |Girl |[[George Kuchar]] |Short film | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.avclub.com/milwaukee/articles/corruption-of-the-damned-a-conversation-with-georg,39685/|quote=Courtney Love and Devendra Banhart appeared in Kuchar's class pictures before they were famous.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105174700/http://www.avclub.com/milwaukee/articles/corruption-of-the-damned-a-conversation-with-georg%2C39685/|work=A.V. Club|title=Corruption of the damned: A conversation with George Kuchar|date=8 Abril 2010|accessdate=31 Oktubre 2013|first=Angelina|last=Krahn|archivedate=5 Nobyembre 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |1986 |''[[Sid and Nancy]]'' |Gretchen |{{sortname|Alex|Cox}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |1987 |''[[Straight to Hell (film)|Straight to Hell]]'' |Velma |{{sortname|Alex|Cox|nolink=yes}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |1988 |''[[Tapeheads]]'' |Norman's Spanker |{{sortname|Bill|Fishman}} |Uncredited | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |1996 |''[[Basquiat (film)|Basquiat]]'' |Big Pink |{{sortname|Julian|Schnabel}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |1996 |''[[Feeling Minnesota]]'' |Rhonda |{{sortname|Steven|Baigelman|nolink=yes}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |1996 |''[[The People vs. Larry Flynt]]'' |[[Althea Flynt|Althea Leasure Flynt]] |{{sortname|Miloš|Forman}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |1999 |''[[200 Cigarettes]]'' |Lucy |{{sortname|Risa Bramon|Garcia|nolink=yes}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |1999 |''[[Man on the Moon (film)|Man on the Moon]]'' |Lynne Margulies |{{sortname|Miloš|Forman|nolink=yes}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |2000 |''[[Beat (2000 film)|Beat]]'' |[[Joan Vollmer Burroughs]] |{{sortname|Gary|Walkow}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Hemmer|2006|p=35}} |- ! scope="row" |2001 |''[[Julie Johnson]]'' |Claire |{{sortname|Bob|Gosse}} | | align="center" |<ref name="Kowalski, Eileen">{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202121151/http://variety.com/2001/film/news/outfest-fetes-g-d-l-i-e-1117850106/|archivedate=2 Pebrero 2016|url=https://variety.com/2001/film/news/outfest-fetes-g-d-l-i-e-1117850106/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|title=Outfest fetes 'G-d,' 'L.I.E.'|date=23 Hulyo 2001|author=Kowalski, Eileen|accessdate=22 Enero 2016|url-status=dead|df=mdy}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2002 |''[[Trapped (2002 film)|Trapped]]'' |Cheryl |{{sortname|Luis|Mandoki}} | | align="center" |{{sfn|Mitchell|Reid-Walsh|2007|p=409}} |- ! scope="row" |2005 |''Trailer for a Remake of Gore Vidal's Caligula'' |Caligula |{{sortname|Francesco|Vezzoli}} |Short film | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/26/arts/design/caligula-gives-a-toga-party-but-no-ones-really-invited.html|title='Caligula' Gives a Toga Party (but No One's Really Invited)|date=26 Pebrero 2006|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|author=Yablonsky, Linda}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2011 |''Courtney in Wonderland'' |Herself |Jason Bell |Short film | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://vimeo.com/channels/swoonnyc/30087017|title=VANITY FAIR - Courtney in Wonderland|author1=Bell, Jason|author2=Goñi, Ramón|via=[[Vimeo]]|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|date=2011-10-05}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2017 |''[[Menendez: Blood Brothers]]'' |Kitty Menendez |{{hlist|{{sortname|Fenton|Bailey}}|{{sortname|Randy|Barbato}}}} |Television film | align="center" |<ref name="menendez">{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/menendez-brothers-lifetime-movie-courtney-love-1201974553/|work=Variety|title=Lifetime Orders Menendez Brothers TV Movie Starring Courtney Love|author=Wagmeister, Elizabeth|date=1 Pebrero 2017|accessdate=1 Pebrero 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2018 |''[[JT LeRoy (film)|JT LeRoy]]'' |Sasha |{{sortname|Justin|Kelly|Justin_Kelly (director)}} | | align="center" |<ref name="leroy">{{cite web|work=Deadline|url=https://deadline.com/2017/08/kelvin-harrison-jr-courtney-love-james-jagger-jt-leroy-movie-1202140167/|date=1 Agosto 2017|author=D'Nuka, Amanda|title=Kelvin Harrison Jr., Courtney Love & James Jagger Board 'JT' Biopic|accessdate=4 Oktubre 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |TBA | data-sort-value="Long Home" style="background:#ffc;" |''[[The Long Home]]'' {{dagger}} |Pearl |{{sortname|James|Franco}} | | align="center" |<ref name="home">{{cite web|url=https://www.ew.com/article/2015/05/04/casting-net-courtney-love-giancarlo-esposito-james-franco|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|title=Casting Net: Courtney Love, Timothy Hutton, Giancarlo Esposito join James Franco's The Long Home|author=Maas, Jennifer|date=4 Mayo 2015|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|archive-date=2018-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614121505/http://www.ew.com/article/2015/05/04/casting-net-courtney-love-giancarlo-esposito-james-franco/|url-status=}}</ref> |- |} ===== Telebisyon ===== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="min-width:30em" !Tuig !Serye !Papel !Notes ! class="unsortable" |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- ! scope="row" |2003 | data-sort-value="Osbournes" | ''[[The Osbournes]]'' |Herself |1 episode | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=[[Gothamist]]|url=http://gothamist.com/2003/08/11/courtney_love_trainwrecks_it_on_the_osbournes.php|title=Courtney Love Trainwrecks it on The Osbournes|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|date=11 Agosto 2003|author=Chung, Jen|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324233458/http://gothamist.com/2003/08/11/courtney_love_trainwrecks_it_on_the_osbournes.php|archive-date=24 Marso 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2005 |''[[Comedy Central Roast of Pamela Anderson]]'' |Herself | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/20/arts/rock-review-love-lives-through-this-rasping-take-care-of-me.html|work=The New York Times|title=ROCK REVIEW; Love Lives Through This, Rasping 'Take Care of Me'|author=Sanneh, Kelefa|date=20 Marso 2004|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210144825/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/20/arts/rock-review-love-lives-through-this-rasping-take-care-of-me.html|archivedate=10 Pebrero 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2014 |''[[Sons of Anarchy]]'' |Ms. Harrison |Recurring role; 4 episodes | align="center" |<ref name="anarchy">{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2014/tv/news/courtney-love-sons-of-anarchy-1201259377/|work=Variety|title=Courtney Love Joins 'Sons of Anarchy' for Final Season|author=Johns, Nikara|date=8 Hulyo 2014|accessdate=9 Hulyo 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010034008/http://variety.com/2014/tv/news/courtney-love-sons-of-anarchy-1201259377/|archivedate=10 Oktubre 2016}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2015 | data-sort-value="Hopes" |''The Hopes'' |Chase Hope |Television short | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=[[Vulture (website)|Vulture]]|url=https://www.vulture.com/2015/03/derrick-beckles-and-the-art-of-weirdness.html|title=Derrick Beckles and the Art of Weirdness|date=4 Marso 2015|author=Goldstein, Ian|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213214231/https://www.vulture.com/2015/03/derrick-beckles-and-the-art-of-weirdness.html|archive-date=13 Pebrero 2020|access-date=7 Abril 2020}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2015 |''[[Empire (2015 TV series)|Empire]]'' |Elle Dallas |Recurring role; 2 episodes | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/courtney-love-joins-foxs-empire-743363|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=23 Oktubre 2014|accessdate=31 Oktubre 2014|author=O'Connell, Michael|title=Courtney Love Joins Fox's 'Empire'|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201015112/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/courtney-love-joins-foxs-empire-743363|archivedate=1 Pebrero 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2015 |''[[Revenge (TV series)|Revenge]]'' |White Gold |Guest star; 3 episodes | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/634636/courtney-love-s-tv-takeover-continues-on-revenge-and-you-won-t-believe-who-she-s-playing|publisher=E!|title=Courtney Love's TV Takeover Continues on Revenge and You Won't Believe Who She's Playing|author=Bricker, Tierney|date=11 Marso 2015|accessdate=21 Enero 2016}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2017 | data-sort-value="Midsummer" |''[[A Midsummer's Nightmare (film)|A Midsummer's Nightmare]]'' |Titania |Featured role; TV movie/backdoor pilot | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2016/11/a-midsummers-nightmare-courtney-love-cast-lifetime-shakespearean-pilot-1201848225/|work=Deadline|title='A Midsummer's Nightmare': Courtney Love Cast in Lifetime's Shakespearean Pilot|author=Petski, Denise|date=3 Nobyembre 2016|accessdate=4 Nobyembre 2016}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |2018 |''[[RuPaul's Drag Race]]'' |Herself {{small|(guest judge)}} |1 episode | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=Billboard|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/pride/8280603/courtney-love-rupauls-drag-race-first-look|title=First Look: See Courtney Love Sashay Her Way to the Judges Panel on 'RuPaul's Drag Race'|author=Daw, Stephen|date=2 Abril 2018|accessdate=2 Abril 2018}}</ref> |} === Mga Dokumentaryo === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="min-width:30em" !Tuig !Documentary features !Role !Director(s) !Notes ! class="unsortable" |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |1993 |''[[1991: The Year Punk Broke]]'' | rowspan="16" |Herself |[[David Markey]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=The A.V. Club|url=https://film.avclub.com/1991-the-year-that-punk-broke-1798169557|title=1991: The Year that Punk Broke|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|author=Hyden, Steve|date=14 Septyembre 2011|archive-date=2018-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403173710/https://film.avclub.com/1991-the-year-that-punk-broke-1798169557|url-status=}}</ref> |- |1995 |''[[Not Bad for a Girl]]'' |[[Lisa Rose Apramian]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite av media|title=[[Not Bad for a Girl]]|people=Apramian, Lisa Rose (dir.)| date = 1995|format=VHS|publisher=Quantum Productions}}</ref> |- |1997 |''[[Off the Menu: The Last Days of Chasen's]]'' |Shari Springer Berman, Robert Pulcini | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=TV Guide|title=Off the Menu: The Last Days of Chasen's Cast|url=https://www.tvguide.com/movies/menu-days-chasens/cast/133412/|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|archive-date=2018-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403112704/http://www.tvguide.com/movies/menu-days-chasens/cast/133412/|url-status=}}</ref> |- |1998 |''[[Kurt & Courtney]]'' |[[Nick Broomfield]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=MTV|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3406/director-misfires-with-kurt-and-courtney-documentary/|title=Director Misfires with 'Kurt and Courtney' Documentary|date=27 Pebrero 1998|author=Kaufman, Gil|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|archive-date=2018-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403173658/http://www.mtv.com/news/3406/director-misfires-with-kurt-and-courtney-documentary/|url-status=}}</ref> |- |1999 |''Clara Bow: Discovering the "It" Girl'' |Hugh Munro Neely |Voice-over narrator | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=Variety|url=https://variety.com/1999/tv/reviews/clara-bow-discovering-the-it-girl-1117499888/|date=14 Hunyo 1999|title=Clara Bow: Disovering the It Girl|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|author=Fries, Lisa}}</ref> |- |2000 |''Bounce: Behind the Velvet Rope'' |Steven Cantor | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite av media|format=DVD|title=Bounce: Behind the Velvet Rope|people=Cantor, Steve (dir.)| date = 2000|publisher=Stick Figure Productions}}</ref> |- |2001 |''Eminem: Behind the Mask'' |Peter Emina | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite av media|format=DVD|title=Eminem: Behind the Mask| date = 2001|publisher=Chrome Dreams Media|people=Emina, Peter (dir.)}}</ref> |- |2001 |''Last Party 2000'' |Rebecca Chaiklin, [[Donovan Leitch (actor)|Donovan Leitch]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Love Joins the 'Last Party'|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/hole-65-1390337|work=NME|date=31 Agosto 2000|accessdate=2 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- |2003 |''[[Mayor of the Sunset Strip]]'' |[[George Hickenlooper]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/mayor-of-the-sunset-strip-2004|work=Chicago Sun-Times|author=Ebert, Roger|title=Mayor of the Sunset Strip|date=23 Abril 2004|accessdate=2 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- |2006 |''[[The Return of Courtney Love]]'' |Will Yapp |Produced for [[Channel 4]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite AV media|people=Love, Courtney|date=26 Septyembre 2006|title=The Return of Courtney Love|medium=Documentary|location=Los Angeles|publisher=Channel 4|url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=Tn_c_eazpFw}}</ref> |- |2011 |''[[Hit So Hard]]'' |P. David Ebersole | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/nov/09/patty-schemel-hit-so-hard-hole|work=The Guardian|title=Patty Schemel's story is depressingly familiar. So what? It's a great tale|author=Patterson, John|date=9 Nobyembre 2012|accessdate=2 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- |2011 |''[[Bob and the Monster]]'' |[[Keirda Bahruth]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=The Hollywood Reporter|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/bob-monster-film-review-167875|title=Bob and the Monster: Film Review|author=DeFore, John|date=15 Marso 2011|accessdate=2 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- |2012 |''Sunset Strip'' |[[Hans Fjellestad]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=Rolling Stone|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/sunset-strip-slash-johny-depp-star-in-new-rock-doc-20110513|title='Sunset Strip' Slash, Johnny Depp star in new rock doc|date=13 Mayo 2011|accessdate=2 Abril 2018|archive-date=3 Abril 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403112632/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/sunset-strip-slash-johny-depp-star-in-new-rock-doc-20110513|url-status=}}</ref> |- |2015 |''[[Montage of Heck]]'' |[[Brett Morgen]] | | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|work=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/cobain-montage-of-heck-courtney-love-says-kurt-cobain-documentary-brought-her-and-daughter-frances-10183776.html|title=Cobain: Montage of Heck: Courtney Love says Kurt Cobain documentary brought her and daughter Frances Bean Cobain closer|author=Saul, Heather|date=17 Abril 2015|accessdate=2 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- |} === Music videos === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Tuig !Mga kanta !Mga artista !Direktor !Notes |- |- |1988 |"[[I Wanna Be Sedated#Music video|I Wanna Be Sedated]]" |[[Ramones]] |Bill Fishman |Uncredited |- |1992 |"[[Garbadge Man]]" | rowspan="11" |[[Hole (band)|Hole]]|| {{Unknown|align=left}} | |- |1993 |"[[Beautiful Son]]"|| {{Unknown|align=left}} |Unreleased |- | rowspan="2" |1994 |"[[Miss World (song)|Miss World]]" |[[Sophie Muller]] | |- |"[[Doll Parts]]" |[[Samuel Bayer]] | |- | rowspan="2" |1995 |"[[Violet (Hole song)|Violet]]" |[[Mark Seliger]], Fred Woodward | |- |"[[Softer, Softest]]" |Milton Lage |''[[MTV Unplugged]]'' performance |- |1996 |"[[Gold Dust Woman]]" |[[Matt Mahurin]] |Recorded for ''[[The Crow: City of Angels]]'' soundtrack |- | rowspan="2" |1998 |"[[Celebrity Skin (song)|Celebrity Skin]]" |Nancy Bardawil | |- |"[[Malibu (Hole song)|Malibu]]" |Paul Hunter | |- |1999 |"[[Awful (song)|Awful]]" |Jeff Richter |Live footage |- |2000 |"[[Be a Man (song)|Be a Man]]" |Joseph Kahn and Joe Rey |Released for ''[[Any Given Sunday]]'' soundtrack |- |2004 |"[[Mono (song)|Mono]]" |Courtney Love |[[Chris Milk]] | |- |2011 |"[[Samantha (Hole song)|Samantha]]" |Hole |Alphan Eseli | |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |"Rat a Tat" |[[Fall Out Boy]] | | |- |"[[You Know My Name (Courtney Love song)|You Know My Name]]" |Courtney Love |Maximilla Lukacs | |- |2018 |"[[Tattooed in Reverse]]" |[[Marilyn Manson]] | | |- |} ==Mga Award ngan Nominasyon== {| class="wikitable infobox" style="width:22em; text-align:left; font-size:90%; vertical-align:middle; background:white;" |+ <span style="font-size: 9pt"> Mga award ug nominasyon ni Courtney Love</span> |- style="background:white;" | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |- | colspan="2" | |- style="background:white;" | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | '''Totals {{small|(music and film)}}''' |- | {{won|7}} | colspan=2 width=50 {{won}} |- | {{nom|14}} | colspan=2 width=50 {{nom}} |- |} ===Sa Pelikula=== ====Awards Circuit Community Awards<ref>{{cite web|work=Awards Circuit Community Awards|title=Awards Circuit Community Awards Home Page|url=http://www.awardscircuit.com/acca/|accessdate=9 Abril 2018|archive-date=20 Disyembre 2016|archive-url=https://archive.is/20161220170517/http://www.awardscircuit.com/acca/|url-status=dead}}</ref>==== {| class="wikitable" style="width:85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"| Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"| Katergoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | style="text-align:center;"| 1996 | style="text-align:left;"|''[[The People vs. Larry Flynt]]'' | Best Supporting Actress | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|work=Awards Circuit Community Awards|url=http://www.awardscircuit.com/2015/05/22/1996-awards-circuit-community-awards-winners-fargo-nearly-sweeps-the-table/|author=Davis, Clayton|date=22 Mayo 2015|accessdate=9 Abril 2018|title=1996 Awards Circuit Community Awards Winners – 'Fargo' Nearly Sweeps the Table|archive-date=30 Mayo 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530090834/http://www.awardscircuit.com/2015/05/22/1996-awards-circuit-community-awards-winners-fargo-nearly-sweeps-the-table/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} ====Golden Globe Awards<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goldenglobes.com/history-golden-globes |title=History of the Golden Globes |publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]] |accessdate=27 Mayo 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20160310043010/http://www.goldenglobes.com/history-golden-globes |archivedate=10 Marso 2016 }}</ref>==== {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Katergoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | style="text-align:center;"| 1996 | style="text-align:left;"|''[[The People vs. Larry Flynt]]'' | [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama|Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=pop/> |} ====MTV Movie Awards==== <ref>{{cite news|last1=Feeney|first1=Nolan|title=Here Are the Nominees for the MTV Movie Awards|url=http://time.com/3731441/mtv-movie-awards-2015-nominees/|accessdate=9 Abril 2018|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=5 Marso 2015|archive-date=2016-12-19|archive-url=https://archive.today/20161219152204/http://time.com/3731441/mtv-movie-awards-2015-nominees/|url-status=}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Katergoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | style="text-align:center;"| 1996 | style="text-align:left;"|''[[The People vs. Larry Flynt]]'' | [[MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance|Best Breakthrough Performance]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|work=Variety|title=Bard Tops MTV List|url=https://variety.com/1997/scene/vpage/bard-tops-mtv-list-1117434620/|accessdate=8 Abril 2018|date=18 Abril 1997|author=Richmond, Ray}}</ref> |} ====Online Film ug Television Association==== Online Film & Television Association is an independent film critic group recognizing the years' best films and television productions.<ref>{{cite web|work=Online Film & Television Association|url=http://www.oftaawards.com|title=Online Film & Television Association Awards Home Page|accessdate=9 Abril 2018}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Katergoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 1996 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|''[[The People vs. Larry Flynt]]'' | Best Supporting Actress | {{win}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=ofta>{{cite web|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/film-awards/1st-annual-film-awards-1996/|work=Online Film & Television Awards|title=1st Annual Film Awards (1996)|accessdate=9 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- | Best Actress – Drama | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=ofta/> |- |} ====Outfest Awards==== <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.outfest.org/about-outfest-los-angeles/|work=Outfest|title=About Outfits Los Angeles|accessdate=9 Abril 2018|archive-date=2018-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425064337/http://www.outfest.org/about-outfest-los-angeles/|url-status=}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Kategoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | style="text-align:center;"| 2001 | style="text-align:left;"|''[[Julie Johnson]]'' | [[Outfest|Best Actress]] | {{win}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name="Kowalski, Eileen"/> |} ====Satellite Awards==== <ref>{{cite news |title='Silver Linings Playbook' Wins Five Satellite Awards, Including Best Picture|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/silver-linings-playbook-wins-satellite-403098|author=Gregg, Kilday|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=15 Disyembre 2012|accessdate=9 Abril 2018}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Kategoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | style="text-align:center;"| 1996 | style="text-align:left;"|''[[The People vs. Larry Flynt]]'' | [[Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture|Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite book|last=Brite|first=Poppy Z. |author-link=Poppy Z. Brite|publisher=Simon & Schuster|title=[[Courtney Love: The Real Story]]|isbn=978-0-684-84800-6| date = 1998|p=227}}</ref> |} ====Critics associations==== {| class="wikitable unsortable plainrowheaders" style="width:70%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:25%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:30%;"|Association ! style="width:25%;"|Kategoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta !width=5%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- ! scope="row" rowspan="7"| 1996 | rowspan="7" | ''[[The People vs. Larry Flynt]]'' | [[Boston Society of Film Critics]] | [[Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] | {{win}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=pop>{{cite web|url=https://www.popmatters.com/174005-a-walk-with-love-and-death-the-essential-courtney-love-cobain-2495736452.html|work=[[PopMatters]]|title=A Walk with Love and Death: The 'Essential' Courtney Love Cobain|author=Mazur, Matt|date=4 Agosto 2013|accessdate=9 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- | [[Broadcast Film Critics Association]] | [[Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=fandango>{{cite web|work=Fandango|title=The People vs. Larry Flynt - Awards and Nominations |accessdate=9 Abril 2018|url=https://www.fandango.com/thepeoplevs.larryflynt_87096/awards}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | [[Chicago Film Critics Association]] | [[Chicago Film Critics Association|Most Promising Actress]] | {{win}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=pop/> |- | [[Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=pop/> |- | [[Florida Film Critics Circle]] | [[Florida Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] | {{win}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=pop/> |- | [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association]] | [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] | {{draw|2nd place}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|work=Broadway World|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/boston/article/Courtney-Love-and-Todd-Almond-at-Provincetowns-Crown-Anchor-85-20170725|title=Courtney Love and Todd Almond at Provincetown's Crown Anchor|date=25 Hulyo 2017|accessdate=9 Abril 2018}}</ref> |- | [[New York Film Critics Circle]] | [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] | {{win}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite book|last=Leonard|first=Jay|title=Notable Moments of Women in Music|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation| date = 2008|p=[https://archive.org/details/notablemomentsof0000warn/page/368 368]|isbn=978-1-423-42951-7|url=https://archive.org/details/notablemomentsof0000warn/page/368}}</ref> |} ===Musika=== ====Grammy Awards==== {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:30%;"|Kategoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! style="width:10%;"| Notes ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | rowspan="3"| [[41st Annual Grammy Awards|1998]] | ''[[Celebrity Skin]]'' | [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Album|Best Rock Album]] | {{nom}} | rowspan="4"| (with [[Hole (band)|Hole]]) | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=grammy>{{cite web|title=1999 Grammy Awards&nbsp;– The Big Picture|url=http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/specials/1999/grammys/bigpicture.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010514233959/http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/specials/1999/grammys/bigpicture.html|archivedate=14 Mayo 2001|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=24 Pebrero 1999|accessdate=1 Disyembre 2013}}</ref> |- | "[[Celebrity Skin (song)|Celebrity Skin]]" | [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Song|Best Rock Song]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=grammy/> |- | ''[[Celebrity Skin]]'' | [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal|Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref name=grammy/> |- | [[42nd Annual Grammy Awards|1999]] | "[[Malibu (Hole song)|Malibu]]" | [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal|Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|title=CNN - 42nd Annual Grammy Awards: List of nominations - January 4, 2000 |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2000/SHOWBIZ/Music/01/04/grammy.noms.01/list.html |publisher=CNN |date=4 Enero 2000 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124112009/http://archives.cnn.com/2000/SHOWBIZ/Music/01/04/grammy.noms.01/list.html |archivedate=24 Enero 2010 }}</ref> |- |} ====MTV Video Music Awards==== {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Kategoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | [[1995 MTV Video Music Awards|1995]] | "[[Doll Parts]]" | [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Alternative Video|Best Alternative Video]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/1995/ |title=MTV Video Music Awards &#124; 1995 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=9 Agosto 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510091655/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/1995/ |archivedate=10 Mayo 2016 |df=mdy-all }} N.B. User must select "Winners" tab.</ref> |- | [[1999 MTV Video Music Awards|1999]] | "[[Malibu (Hole song)|Malibu]]" | [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]] | {{nom}} | style="text-align:center"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/38501/korn-reaps-mtv-noms |publisher=E! |title=Korn Reaps MTV Noms |date=28 Hulyo 1999 |author=Errico, Marcus |accessdate=28 Disyembre 2016 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408172844/http://www.eonline.com/news/38501/korn-reaps-mtv-noms |archivedate=8 Abril 2017 }}</ref> |} ====NME Awards==== {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Kategoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | 2020 | {{N/A|align=left}} | Icon Award | {{won}} | style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|work=[[NME]]|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/courtney-love-to-receive-icon-award-at-the-nme-awards-2020-2602586|title=Courtney Love to receive Icon Award at the NME Awards 2020|date=29 Enero 2020|last=Trendell|first=Andrew|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412202740/https://www.nme.com/news/music/courtney-love-to-receive-icon-award-at-the-nme-awards-2020-2602586|archive-date=12 Abril 2020|url-status=unfit|access-date=7 Abril 2020}}</ref> |- |} ====Orville H. Gibson Awards==== {| class="wikitable" style="width: 85%;" |- ! width=5%|Tuig ! style="width:40%;"|Nominadong trabaho ! style="width:40%;"|Kategoriya ! style="width:10%;"| Resulta ! width=3%|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | 1999 | ''Celebrity Skin'' | Best Female Rock Guitarist | {{win}} | style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214145037/http://www.mtv.com/news/1429013/brian-setzer-courtney-love-john-fogerty-lisa-loeb-honored-at-1999-gibson-guitar-awards/|archivedate=14 Pebrero 2016|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1429013/brian-setzer-courtney-love-john-fogerty-lisa-loeb-honored-at-1999-gibson-guitar-awards/|work=MTV|title=Brian Setzer, Courtney Love, John Fogerty, Lisa Loeb Honored at 1999 Gibson Guitar Awards|date=24 Pebrero 1999|accessdate=1 Septyembre 2014}}</ref> |- |} ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist|2}} abcixbsw5zh0zlk3vrn9pfbr70l3rjm 0 2887354 7788094 7785715 2026-09-27T12:45:29Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 7788094 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Solid_orange.svg|thumb|right|An kolor nga dorog]] An '''dorog''' o '''ameringgi''' ([[Iningles]]: ''Orange'', [[Pambansa]]: ''Kahel/Dalandan'') (Cebuano:xxxxxx) amo in usa ka [[kolor]]. Ha [[Prisma]] ini in nahihimutnga ha [[pula]] ngan [[dulaw]]. Hinuram nga kulur ha Bikol. {{turók}} [[Kaarangay:Kolor]] idhjzpw28a2gd1r1gitoq8004p1hh92 0 2887848 7788079 6276446 2026-09-27T12:17:28Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Pag-aram 7788079 wikitext text/x-wiki Iton '''pagbasa''' in pagkarawat hin proseso ha [[inadman]] mga [[impormasyon]], [[yinaknan]], [[batasan]] ha [[basahon]] nga [[agi (abakadahan)|agi]] ngan [[simbulu]]. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Pag-aram]] hrz749ru8tm5mlrnzbdcii7dtd2vb25 0 2887918 7788095 6277766 2026-09-27T13:02:17Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay 7788095 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Sea_otter_cropped.jpg|thumb]] An mga '''mamalya nga pankadagatan''' o kundi man '''mamalya nga pandagat''' ([[Kinatsila]]: ''mamífero marino'', [[Iningles]]: ''marine mammal'') mga pankatubigan nga mga [[mamalya]] nga natapod hit [[kalawdan]] ngan iba pa nga mga pankadagatan nga mga [[ekosistema]] para han ira panginabuhi. Lakip ha ira in mga kamamanapan sugad hin mga [[Pinniped|seal]], mga [[balyena]], mga [[Sirenia|manatee]], mga [[sea otter]] ngan mga [[polar bear]]. Diri ini pormal nga [[grupo]], an nagdudugtonga ha ira an ira la pagtapod ha mga pankadagatan nga kalibungan para hin [[pagkaon]] ngan panginabuhi. {{turók}} [[Kaarangay:Biyolohiya]] 07s5al86mdh0k17a59ww9ez627bt98u 0 2889388 7788083 6286508 2026-09-27T12:22:54Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Biyolohiya 7788083 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Plumpollen0060.jpg|thumb]] [[Paypay:Pfau_imponierend.jpg|thumb]] Ha [[biyolohiya]], iton '''pagbagay''' ([[Ininglis]]: ''adaptation'') in pagproseso nga ebolusyon han [[batasan]] ha [[organismo]] hin pagpili han kalikopan. {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Biyolohiya]] 8clvg7y703sgc9035k9dbvo39466sm8 0 2891687 7788110 7650508 2026-09-27T13:47:56Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Tyatro 7788110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{italic title}} An '''Lunop han Dughan-Panaghoy ni Yolanda''' usa nga orihinal nga Pilipino nga zarsuwela o usa nga pasundayag ha [[tyatro]] nga ginbutang ha [[musika]]. Nakasurat ini ha [[Waray (yinaknan)|Waray nga yinaknan]]. Usa ini nga kanta hin pagdayaw han kinaiya ngan hinumduman hadton mga namatay tungod han destroso han super bagyo Yolanda. Ini in nagpapasabot hin kinabuhi, kamatayon ngan bag-o nga paglaum nga nakikita han trahedya nga nahitabo han pagdestruso han super typhoon Yolanda an Pilipinas. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reference.com/art-literature/philippine-zarzuela-7c632b315b03bf3c|title=What Is Philippine Zarzuela?|website=Reference|publisher=Ask Media Group, LLC|access-date=2019-11-26|archive-date=2019-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014212658/https://www.reference.com/art-literature/philippine-zarzuela-7c632b315b03bf3c|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://theaterfansmanila.com/5-independent-and-university-productions-this-april-to-may/|title=5 Independent and University Productions this April to May|website=TheaterFansManila.com|publisher=Theater Fans Manila|accessdate=2019-11-24}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news|last=Pai|first=Indigo|date=2019-11-17|title=‘Lunop han Dughan-Panaghoy ni Yolanda’ explores death, life and renewed hope|url=https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/350842/lunop-han-dughan-panaghoy-ni-yolanda-explores-death-life-and-renewed-hope/|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|location=Manila|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|date=2019-05-03|title=Lunop Han Dughan (Voice of Yolanda) of UP Diliman, UP Visayas Tacloban makes world premiere|url=https://ovpaa.up.edu.ph/lunop-han-dughan-voice-of-yolanda-of-up-diliman-up-visayas-tacloban-makes-world-premiere/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810232659/https://ovpaa.up.edu.ph/lunop-han-dughan-voice-of-yolanda-of-up-diliman-up-visayas-tacloban-makes-world-premiere/|archive-date=2022-08-10|access-date=2019-11-24|website=University of the Philippines Office of the Vice President for Academic Affairs|publisher=University of the Philippines System|accessdate=}}</ref> [[File:Lunop han Dughan still hopeful.jpg|thumb|Usa nga eksena nga nagpapakita hin bag-o nga paglaum katapos han destroso han bagyo Yolanda.]] [[File:Lunop han Dughan for the dead loved ones.jpg|thumb|Scene pagdumdum han mga hinigugma nga namatay tungod han bagyo Yolanda]] Ginpangunahan ini ni Alegria O. Ferrer nga usa nga soprano ngan propesor ha Unibersidad han Pilipinas (Iningles: University of the Philippines) ha Diliman ngan han grupo han Unibersidad han Pilipinas An Balangaw Performing Arts ngan Leyte Kalipayan Dance Company tikang han University of the Philippines in the Visayas Tacloban College (Iningles: University of the Philippine Visayas Tacloban College).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ==Paglarang== [[File:Lunop han Dughan Alegre Dorado.jpg|thumb|Lunop han Dughan director Ms. Joycie Y. Alegre Dorado]] An zarsuwela in ginhimo ngan ginpasundayag pinaagi han artistiko nga pagburublig han Unibersidad han Pilipinas nga Kolehiyo han Musika ha Diliman ngan han Unibersidad han Pilipinas ha Visayas College ha Tacloban ngan suporta tikang han Opisina han Bise Pangulo para han Unibersidad Academic Affairs han Pilipinas ( Winaray: Unibersidad han Pilipinas nga Opisina han Sugbong-Mangulo para han Akademya nga mga Butang) ha bulig han Pondo para han Pagpauswag han Artistic nga Trabaho ngan Pagsaliksik (Waray: Ginpauswag nga Paglarang ngan Pagsaliksik nga Grant).<ref name=":1" /> Ini in gindumara ni Joycie Y. Dorado Alegre, usa nga propesor ha Unibersidad han Pilipinas ha Visayas College ha Tacloban komo direktor ngan choreographer ngan ni Alegria O. , ngan gin-aplikar nga may orihinal nga musika ni Samlito C. Abueva, usa nga naggradwar han Unibersidad han Pilipinas ha Visayas College ha Tacloban, nga amo gihapon an nagsurat han iskrip. An musika han balud ha bagyo ngan aria (Iningles: aria) nga ginkanta ni Alegria O. Ferrer ginhimo ni Ramon Santos, Nasodnon nga Artista han Musika ha Pilipinas.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ==Istorya== [[File:Lunop han Dughan folktale about Mt Danglay.jpg|thumb|Dang ngan Mulay samtang ginkukuha hin higante nga alimango]] An istorya han Lunop han Dughan-Panaghoy ni Yolanda in nagtitikang han leyenda han Bukid han Danglay, nga mahitungod han duha nga mga umurukoy ha salog nga hira Dang ngan Mulay, nga ginkuha hin higante nga alimango ngan nabuhi utro paglabay hin damo nga mga tuig.<ref name=":1" /> Ha presente nga panahon, mayda duha nga tawo nga naghihigugmaay hira Urbano ngan Maribel, nga nagkabulag tungod nga gin-asawa ni Maribel hi Turing kay dako an utang han tatay ni Maribel ha tatay ni Turing. Nagkita utro hira Urbano ngan Maribel han ira pagpahayag han ira gugma ha kada tagsa pero maaram hira nga waray ini makadtoan. Pareho nga namatay hira Urbano ngan Maribel tungod han pagkalumos han baha nga durot han bagyo Yolanda pero ini nga trahedya in nagpakusog han kaburut-on ngan pagtuo han mga nabilin.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sugbo|first=Victor N.|date=2019-11-27|title=La Alegre and the Waray zarzuela Lunop Han Dughan|url=https://www.bworldonline.com/la-alegre-and-the-waray-zarzuela-lunop-han-dughan/|work=BusinessWorld|location=Manila|access-date=2019-11-27}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> ==Mga tawohan ngan mga pasundayag== [[File:Lunop han Dughan Ferrer Mother Earth.jpg|thumb|An soprano Ms. Alegria O. Ferrer komo Iroy nga Kinaiyahan]] [[File:Lunop han Dughan Maribel Urbano.jpg|thumb|Maribel at Urbano]] [[File:Lunop han Dughan Turing.jpg|thumb|Turing]] An zarsuwela ginpangunahan ni Alegria O. Ferrer, usa nga soprano, komo Iroy Han Kalibungan o Inang Kalikasan (Iningles: Mother Nature) ngan Ladawan-Tingog Han Bagyo Yolanda o Espiritu ng Bagyong Yolanda (Iningles: Spirit of Yolanda). Kaupod liwat han cast hi Gaby Asanza nga hi Urbano, usa nga Pilipino nga trabahador ha langyaw nga nabalik ha Tacloban para masabtan kun kay ano nga ginbayaan hiya han iya hinigugma nga hi Maribel ngan gintilo hi Turing, usa nga riko nga parapangisda nga nagamit hin dinamita ha pangisda. Hi Lina Fe Simoy an nag-arte han papel nga Maribel, asawa ni Turing ngan dati nga uyab ni Urbano. An papel ni Turing ginbuhat ni Pierre Dann Ampo. Nasasakitan hi Maribel han iya bana nga hi Turing nga pirme nahuhubog. Mayda hira tulo nga anak nga nahigugma ngan nakikita an pag-abuso han ira tatay ha ira nanay. Mayda pa feelings hi Maribel kan Urbano pero iya ini ginpupugngan.<ref name=":1" /> ==Mga presentasyon== An Lunop han Dughan in syahan nga ginpasundayag hadton Abril 26 ngan 27, 2019 ha Unibersidad han Pilipinas ha Visayas College ha Tacloban nga ginbantayan hin ginbabana-bana nga usa ka yukot ka tawo lakip na an mga kritiko. <ref name=":2" /> Gin-stage ini utro han Nobyembre 7 ngan 9, 2019 ha gymnasium (Iningles: gymnasium) han Leyte Normal University (Iningles: Leyte Normal University). <ref name=":1" /> ==Mga kasarigan== {{reflist}} [[Kaarangay:Tyatro]] gc8xbmc9b3xr470d05ylflaiwx3y7p0 0 2891880 7788085 7651454 2026-09-27T12:27:01Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + mga sumpay, Kaarangay:Relihiyon 7788085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''An pagtag-iya hin espiritu''' amo an diri ordinaryo o ginbag-o nga kahimtang han kahunahuna ngan mga kaupod nga mga [[batasan]] nga gin-aaligar nga tungod han pagkontrol han [[lawas]] han [[tawo]] ngan han mga buruhaton hini han mga espiritu, [[Pantasma|mga aswang]], [[Dimunyu|mga demonyo]], [[Anghel|mga anghel]], o [[Diyos|mga diyos]]. {{sfnp|Jones|2005|page=8687}} [[Kaarangay:Relihiyon]] qmnrjqggwdr2pu1bhdulhglfx6e23vn 0 2895631 7788127 7757333 2026-09-27T16:23:37Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + Kaarangay:Relihiyon 7788127 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Siquijor Anito. (5077313419).jpg|thumb|''Taotao'' nga mga ukit nga ginbabaligya ha souvenir shop ha [[Siquijor Island]]]] '''''Anito''''', nga ginsusurat liwat nga '''''anitu''''', nagtutudlok hin mga inukit nga larawan nga may porma hin tawo nga ginbubuhat ha kahoy, bato, o garing,<ref>William Henry Scott (1994). ''Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society''. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN <bdi>978-9715501354</bdi>.</ref> nga narepresentar han mga espiritu han mga ginikanan<ref>Stephen K. Hislop (1971). "Anitism: a survey of religious beliefs native to the Philippines" (PDF). ''Asian Studies''. '''9''' (2): 144–156. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 7, 2018. Retrieved May 10, 2018.</ref> nga ginsisimba sugad nga mga diyos-diyos ha panimalay nga panalipod.<ref>{{Cite web |title=anito - Definition of anito {{!}} Is anito a word in the scrabble dictionary? |url=https://www.freescrabbledictionary.com/dictionary/word/anito/ |access-date=2025-02-12 |website=www.freescrabbledictionary.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=anito — definition, examples, related words and more at Wordnik |url=https://www.wordnik.com/words/anito |access-date=2025-02-12 |website=Wordnik.com}}</ref> Nagtutudlok liwat ini ha mga [[espiritu han ginikanan]], mga [[Demon|maraot nga espiritu]],<ref>"anito - Diksiyonaryo". ''diksiyonaryo.ph''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=anito - Diksiyonaryo |url=https://diksiyonaryo.ph/search/anito |access-date=2025-02-12 |website=diksiyonaryo.ph}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Blust |first1=Robert |last2=Trussel |first2=Stephen |date=December 2013 |title=The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: A Work in Progress |url=https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2013.0016 |journal=Oceanic Linguistics |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=493–523 |doi=10.1353/ol.2013.0016 |issn=1527-9421}}</ref> ngan mga [[espiritu han kinaiyahan]] ngan mga diyos nga gintatawag nga '''diwata''' ha Katutubong relihiyon sa Pilipinas tikang han [[History of the Philippines (900–1521)|prekolonyal nga panahon]] tubtob yana, bisan kon an termino mismo puydi magkaiba-iba an kahulogan depende han grupo etniko han mga Filipino. An pulong nga ''anito'' (nga agsob gamiton ha [[Northern Luzon]]) gintatawag gihapon nga ''diwata'' ha iba nga mga grupo etniko (labi na ha mga [[Visayans]]).<ref name="Guillermo">{{cite book |last1=Guillermo |first1=Artemio R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wmgX9M_yETIC |title=Historical Dictionary of the Philippines |date=2012 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=9780810872462 |page=140}}</ref> '''Anito''', o ''anitu'', o ''kakabalan'' ha mitolohiya han Pilipinas, amo an espiritu han mga kaapoy-apoyan, mga espiritu han mga minatay, mga demonyo nga espiritu, ngan mga kahoy nga ladawan nga simbolo o paagi hin pagpasidungog ha ira. Ginbubuhat an '''panag-anito''' nga ritwal kun diin an babaylan nakikipag-istorya ha mga espiritu han mga minatay, han mga kaapoy-apoyan, ngan bisan han mga demonyo nga espiritu.<ref>William Henry Scott (1994). ''Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society''. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN <bdi>978-9715501354</bdi>.</ref> == Mga reperensya == {{Mga kasarigan}} [[Kaarangay:Relihiyon]] fdi8x93tj7ny8cl5plm5zcfvcwplnms 0 2906032 7788168 7781507 2026-09-28T11:48:04Z RadioUnlimited777 68362 /* Mga Sumpay ha Gawas */ + Kaarangay:Sarakyan nga nalupad 7788168 wikitext text/x-wiki Han Enero 20, 2026, usa nga [[helikopter]] nga Robinson R44 Raven II nga naglilibot hin mga kiritaon in nahulog ha [[Bukid Aso]], [[Kumamoto (prefektura)|Kumamoto]], [[Hapon]]. An tulo nga sakay in naglalakip hin duha nga [[Republika han Tsina|Taiwanese]] nga turista ngan nagpapabilin nga nawawara an piloto<ref>{{Cite news |date= |title=Tourist attraction turns tragic after chopper crash inside Mt. Aso crater in Kyushu |url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20260121/p2a/00m/0na/004000c |access-date=|work=[[Mainichi Shimbun]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=|title=熊本ヘリ墜落、阿蘇山火口付近で捜索続く　搭乗の3人の安否不明 |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20260121/k00/00m/040/181000c |access-date= |work=[[Mainichi Shimbun]] |trans-title=Kumamoto helicopter crash, and the safety of the three people on board was unknown after getting close to the Mount Aso crater.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date= |title=「濃霧で捜索難航」阿蘇市の遊覧ヘリ 火口内部で機体発見も台湾からの旅行客ら3人不明 |url=https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/fe0306e9f374ff8ea84e42f7b5629b309d25876c |access-date= |work=[[Yahoo_Japan#Services|Yahoo! Japan News]] |trans-title="Dense fog makes it difficult to navigate" A tour in Aso. The body of the aircraft inside the crater is unknown. 3 people include Taiwnaese are unknown. }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date= |title=Kumamoto helicopter: 'Tourists' go missing as 'aircraft' spotted near active volcano |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/2160007/kumamoto-helicopter-live-tourists-missing |access-date=|work=[[Daily Express]]}}</ref>. ==Mga Sumpay ha Gawas== {{reflist}} {{turók}} [[Kaarangay:Kumamoto (prefektura)]] [[Kaarangay:Sarakyan nga nalupad]] np8du5lkrz2vafqg63t695vj5t9f0c0 0 2906365 7788111 7784250 2026-09-27T14:37:32Z Gauzecard 68795 7788111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DISPLAYTITLE:ohnePixel}} [[Paypay:OhnePixel (Mark Zimmermann) on August 20, 2026.png|thumb|ohnePixel sa 2026]] Hi '''Mark Zimmermann''' (natawo 11 Mayo 1998), kilala gihapon nga '''ohnePixel''', usa nga [[Alemanya|Aleman]] nga [[Twitch]] streamer ug [[YouTube|YouTuber]]. ohnePixel ha pagkayana naukoy ha [[Nederlandes]].{{Citation needed}} {{Turók}} los4sq4klt942zgmwknsjiubbq52djr 3 2906370 7788156 7788073 2026-09-28T10:49:22Z MediaWiki message delivery 18387 /* Tech News: 2026-40 */ bag-o nga bahin 7788156 wikitext text/x-wiki == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest "Liquid Glass" visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias. * An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]]. * On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The <code>mirrors.wikimedia.org</code> service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707] * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> directly, please update them to use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>file</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>filerevision</nowiki></code></bdi> table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741] * Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:00, 20 Abril 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30432763 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484] * All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the "automatically enable most beta features" option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:06, 27 Abril 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30458046 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]]. * The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909] * From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the "Translate to English" dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as "changes 3" instead of "3 changes" in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:43, 4 Mayo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30498077 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Community Tech has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/How to write a good wish|new guidance]] explaining how wishes on Community Wishlist are triaged and prioritized. The documentation is intended to help contributors write stronger proposals by clarifying the factors that influence prioritization decisions. Beyond vote counts, the guidance highlights considerations such as potential impact on the community when determining which wishes move forward. '''Updates for editors''' * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Share_Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles or selected article sections and share them online, with each card linking back to the original article to help expand readership and article discovery. The mobile-only A/B test will be available to a portion of readers on Arabic, Chinese, French, Vietnamese, and English Wikipedia to better understand reading and sharing habits, and is scheduled to begin the week of May 18 and run for four weeks. * The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps recently released the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|25-day reading challenge]] into Beta, as part of efforts to drive reader engagement by encouraging users to complete reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, App users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. The challenge officially begins May 11. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:17}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:17|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the global preference for enabling syntax highlighting in wikitext could unexpectedly disable itself after being turned on, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425286] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader module <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.ui.input</nowiki></code></bdi>, deprecated since [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|September 2023]], will be removed this week. There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:20, 11 Mayo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30524429 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. The feedback period will be open until May 22. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]]. '''Updates for editors''' * An experiment to show [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] to logged-out readers on mobile web will launch on May 18 across German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu Wikipedias, and will run for one month. The effort supports broader goals of helping readers save and organize articles for later reading, while encouraging habits that could lead to future Wikipedia contributions. * To support a bookmark button in the Reading List beta feature, the "Tools > Action" menu has been updated to display icons, including the watch star indicator that helps editors identify temporarily watched articles. The icons now also match those used on mobile, improving consistency across platforms. The change is currently limited to the actions menu and mainly affects editors with privileged user rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T426008] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure the impact that Suggestion Mode has on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. The experiment will also evaluate the feature's impact on editor retention, and monitor changes in revert and block rates. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue in the Wikipedia Android app where images could sometimes fail to load after opening a recommended reading list notification, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418231] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/Backend Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata Query Service/WDQS Architecture re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/High-Impact Use Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[d:Wikidata talk:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * On English, French, Japanese, and a few other Wikipedias, there was a [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]], a third-party bot detection service. The trial showed that hCaptcha effectively detects and deters some bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Because the results were positive, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis over the next few weeks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the hCaptcha project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|Learn more]]. * The latest Community Tech update is now available, with progress across several Community Wishlist initiatives, including Reading Lists expansion from the mobile app to the website, new language support for "Who Wrote That" and the Personal Dashboard, improvements to 3D rendering and Charts, and upcoming work on talk page sorting, audio playback, and editing workflows. The update also shares current priorities, wishlist status trends, and opportunities for community feedback on future focus areas and the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026–2027 Annual Plan. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 13, 2026: Latest updates from the Community Tech team|Read the full newsletter for details]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W21"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:22, 18 Mayo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30539262 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Following a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#LOWM|successful account creation experiment]], an improved logged-out edit warning message will be deployed to all Wikimedia wikis in the first week of June. The change will only affect logged-out users on mobile web who open an editing session. The updated experience is designed to encourage account creation more clearly, while still allowing users to edit with temporary accounts. Results from the experiment showed a significant increase in account creation, with a 27% relative lift among users shown the updated message. As expected, as more people funnel into account creation, temporary accounts decreased by a relative 16%. The experiment did not show any significant changes in constructive edit rates or other monitored contributor metrics. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424595] '''Updates for editors''' * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Members of these groups will be unable to disable the last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the next few weeks, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. Notably, this applies to bureaucrats. See the linked tasks for deployment schedules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423119][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423120] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] will run an [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on [[:phab:T415904|10 wikis]], testing [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/Reference Previews|potential improvements for Reference Previews]]. The experiment will run for ~2 weeks at the end of May / beginning of June and will affect 10% of desktop readers on the participating wikis. * After two successful experiments, the Reader Growth team is rolling out an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature for all Wikipedias on mobile on May 25. This means that anyone who has all beta features on by default will start to see this feature, and others can check the box to turn it on in their preferences. The beta feature will include a carousel of all an article's images at the top of the article, with controls for editors to [[mw:Readers/Reader_Growth/Image_Browsing#Phase_2.1_beta_feature|exclude images from the article's carousel or to exclude an article from the feature entirely]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, three dimensional STL files were being rendered incorrectly by the media viewer 3D extension which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416723] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The legacy CSS classes <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tright</nowiki></code></bdi> have been replaced with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> as the former do not work consistently across all MediaWiki platforms, notably mobile web and mobile apps. Projects relying on these classes are encouraged to review related usage and plan for migration. Please note that <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> may also be deprecated in future, although there are currently no plans to do so. [[phab:T426452|Read more]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W22"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:52, 25 Mayo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30584502 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is conducting an experiment to show the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] feature, which is still in development, to logged-out mobile readers to test whether it encourages account creation at a higher rate compared to the watchstar button. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists#Experiment timeline|experiment]] was launched on May 18th on German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu wikis, and it will run for a month. * The Wikimedia Apps team released [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|Phase 1]] of the redesigned Home Feed to the Android Beta app. The new Home Feed includes a refreshed "Community" tab and a personalized "For You" tab featuring daily updated reading recommendations. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve content discovery and create more engaging learning experiences in the Wikipedia apps. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where images could fail to load for some suggested edits on [[w:Special:Homepage|Special:Homepage]], leaving the thumbnail stuck in a loading state, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424048] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W23"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:09, 1 Hunyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30613639 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia Enterprise has increased the free usage limits for its API offerings. The monthly request limit for the On-demand API has increased from 5,000 to 50,000 requests, while the Snapshot API limit has increased from 15 to 30 requests per month. In addition, Structured Contents snapshots are now available for free accounts. These changes expand access to Wikimedia Enterprise data for developers, researchers, and organizations using Wikimedia content. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|refreshed Explore Feed]], now called the Home Feed, is rolling out to 50% of users of the Wikipedia Android app. The Home Feed helps readers discover relevant content through two new tabs: ''Community'' and ''For You''. The Community tab provides a scrollable feed of curated content and updates from the broader Wikimedia community and movement, while the ''For You'' tab offers a full-screen, swipeable experience that shows content tailored to a user's interests. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve discovery and enhance the learning experience in the Wikipedia app. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/"Which came first?" Game|Which came first?]] daily trivia game is now available in the beta version of the Wikipedia iOS app in English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. The game uses historical events from Wikipedia's "On This Day" content and challenges readers to guess which of two events happened first. The game was previously released on Android. Communities interested in making the game available in their languages can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Games#Game availability by language|read the instructions and requirements]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details, will begin rolling out to Wikimedia wikis following a successful pilot phase. Deployment will start on 8 June for most [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Wednesday|Group 1 wikis]] and French Wikipedia, with additional Wikipedia language editions receiving the feature over the coming months. Communities are encouraged to prepare by checking for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-cite&language=en&action_source=search&filter=%21translated&optional=1&action=translate untranslated Cite extension messages] in their language and reviewing any use of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]], which may require [[:phab:T416304#11668731|updates]] to support the new functionality. Wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] do not need to take any action. Communities may also wish to create the ''cite-tracking-category-ref-details'' [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] as a hidden category using <code><nowiki>__HIDDENCAT__</nowiki></code> (or a dedicated template), and connect it to the corresponding Wikidata item [[d:Q129764848]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425662] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews#Experimentation|Page Previews experiment]] on mobile web has concluded. The team decided not to roll out the feature after the results showed no statistically significant impact on reader retention, as the primary success metric was retention improvement. Page Previews, which are already available on desktop and in the apps, display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and link to the full article when readers tap a blue link. The experiment tested this experience on mobile web across six Wikipedias. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Design/Icons|user interface icon library]] will be [[phab:T399175|updated later this week or next week]]. Most of the ~300 icons have been slightly refined and ~30 new icons have been added. These changes improve the icons to make them more consistent and comprehensible, and provide more visual balance when they are used in groups. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) interface in MediaWiki, which helps users select content in other languages, has been updated. The new version improves speed and accessibility, and users of Wikimedia projects can now pin languages for quicker language switching. The deployment to Wikimedia sites will happen gradually in the coming weeks. You can test it now as a beta feature by selecting [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]] in your profile preferences and share your feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector/New ULS|the project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Pageviews Analysis dashboard on pageviews.wmcloud.org stopped updating graph data in May 2026, affecting all users, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The function signature for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> has been simplified. Developers can now pass a configuration object instead of a list of positional parameters when creating portlet links. The previous function signature remains supported for backwards compatibility. For example, instead of: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', '#', 'Stub', 'ca-stubtag', 'Add a stub tag to this page');</nowiki></code></bdi> use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', { href: '#', text: 'Stub', id: 'ca-stubtag', tooltip: 'Add a stub tag to this page' });</nowiki></code></bdi>. Script maintainers are encouraged to review existing uses of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> and update them where appropriate. This change will be available on all wikis from 11 June. Thanks to community volunteer Gerges for contributing this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427945] * '''Community Wishlist discussion''': Product & Technology [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 20, 2026: Community Tech becomes a program|introduced changes]] meant to increase the number and complexity of wishes fulfilled, including the disbanding of the Community Tech team. They are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|engaging in discussions]] about a [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist#Proposed direction for Wishlist|proposed direction for the wishlist]] from community members. Includes ways to structure annual voting, better tracking of wishes, removing focus areas, and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|staffing updates]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.6|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W24"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:30, 8 Hunyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30650573 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature on the mobile web version of all Wikipedias. The feature shows an image carousel at the top of articles with 3 or more images. Editors can configure this feature with the following controls: to hide a specific image from a page, either use <code>class=notpageimage</code> excluding it from thumbnail previews, or <code>class=noviewer</code> excluding it from MediaViewer. The carousel can also be disabled from a page entirely, with the magic word <code><nowiki>__NOMEDIAVIEWERCAROUSEL__</nowiki></code>. To submit feedback or flag bugs, please visit the [[mw:Talk:Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|project page]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tables#class="wikitable"|Wikitables]] can now be [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Sortable tables#Forcing the initial sort direction|sorted in descending order]] on the first click by adding <code dir=ltr>data-sort-order="desc"</code> to the header cell. Previously, by default, clicking a column header for the first time sorts it in ascending order. This addition to a Wikitable gives it more control and flexibility, while the default behavior for subsequent clicks remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398416] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature is currently being tested with some editors creating new articles on the Simple English, French, and Turkish Wikipedias. The experiment will soon begin on the Arabic and Bangla Wikipedias as well. [[w:simple:Special:NewArticle|This feature]] gives editors community-curated guidance to help them create articles that follow community standards. Experienced editors can continue creating or adapting outlines for specific article types that are commonly created by less experienced contributors. The outlines guide less experienced editors in creating high-quality articles. A quick guide to markups used in outlines can be found on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide#Markups in outlines|this page]]. [[w:simple:Wikipedia:Article Guidance|Example outlines]] that can be adapted and instructions for how to adapt them are on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|this section]] of the project page. * Wikis that wish to replace the "indefinitely" button in Special:Block for temporary accounts (for example, wikis that block temporary users only until account expiration) will be able to do so by creating [[MediaWiki:ipb-indefinite-expiry-temporary-account]] with the block duration they want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:41}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:41|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * By the end of June, a valid user-agent string will be required for automated dumps downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. This [[phab:T400119|extends enforcement]] of the long standing [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services will not change. * The roll out of global [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|API rate limits]] is now complete, with limits enforced across all APIs and at the documented levels for all groups. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki remain exempt. All bots should continue to follow the documented best practices to avoid being rate limited. * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal wiki] will be read only starting this week (June 15-18). The following week (June 22-25), all API Portal wiki URLs will redirect to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * On June 17th at 6pm UTC the WMF will be holding Discord call focused on a code review. We've heard through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Developer Satisfaction Survey/2026|Developer Satisfaction Survey]] that volunteers are struggling with code review and we'd like to discuss these experiences with the goal of surfacing workable solutions. You can join the call [https://discord.gg/wikipedia?event=1514727511102062664 via the Wikimedia Community Discord server]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Conferencia Wikimedia de América Latina 2026|Latin American Wikimedia Conference]] will host a regional hackathon that will bring together the Wikimedia movement’s technical community including developers, system administrators, data scientists, and users with extended rights. Interested technical contributors can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4osJzTHBJjQbYJk7TMVEJjTEQv7IgtsUDfP-o-qTgeRQQxw/viewform apply for a scholarship] to participate until June 21 at midnight (Bolivia time, UTC-4). * Sign up for Wikimania Team Challenges to join this special event. The Team challenges will take place online and in person from July 21 to 22, before Wikimania conference. Everyone is welcome, regardless of skills or Wikimania registration. Teams will work on 10 important challenges supporting the Wikimedia community. For details, visit [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Team challenges|the Team Challenges page]] and [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/teamchallenges/ register there]. Registration closes on June 20th at 11pm UTC. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W25"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:49, 15 Hunyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30689604 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-26</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]] are [[phab:T418115|now available at Wikidata]]. This update enables access to Mentorship ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|if configured]]), Impact module, the Help Panel, and a simplified Newcomer Homepage (without Suggested Edits). Wikidata administrators are still configuring the features through Community Configuration. '''Updates for editors''' * The special page [[{{#special:RangeCalculator}}]] has been created. It allows users to find an IP range without needing to rely on external tools. Until now, this tool was only available to CheckUsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268429] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] is a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details. It will be deployed to most small and medium-sized Wikipedia language versions on June 23. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#deployment|FAQ]] lists possible actions to take on your wiki to support the deployment. Check the [[:phab:T414094|rollout plan]] for the next deployment steps. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428902] * Starting next week, users will get a notification when they are blocked or unblocked from editing, or if this block changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100974] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting next week, abuse filters that are set to "require CAPTCHA verification" will begin to also affect users with the <code>skipcaptcha</code> right, which includes most autoconfirmed users. Bots are exempted. This change only affects edits that trigger an abuse filter. The <code>skipcaptcha</code> right will continue to exempt users from having to solve CAPTCHAs in the ordinary course of using the wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402595] * Reference documentation for the [[wikitech:Machine_Learning/LiftWing/API|Lift Wing API]] has moved from the API Portal to the interactive [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?api=lift-wing&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. * The API Portal wiki is now closed. For API documentation, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. All API Portal wiki URLs (https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/) will redirect to the mediawiki.org page starting June 22. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427537] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.8|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Join an online call on 25 June at 2:30pm UTC to meet the current Wikimedia interns for [[mw:Google_Summer_of_Code/2026|Google Summer of Code]] and [[mw:Outreachy/Round_32|Outreachy]]. Interns will provide an overview of their projects and a brief demo of their work so far. Attendees are encouraged to [[mw:event:Google_Summer_of_Code/Summer_2026_June_Internship_open_session|share ideas and connections in their community]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W26"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 13:05, 23 Hunyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30722494 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]], the Growth team tested adding a user account icon in the mobile web header for logged-out users, providing direct access to "Create account" and "Log in" actions. The experiment increased account creation by about 20% without negatively affecting edit quality or constructive edit rates. The feature will now be rolled out to all Wikimedia Foundation wikis on mobile web in the first week of July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428220] * After a [[phab:T426248|successful experiment]], logged-in users who did not [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation|confirm their email address]] when their account was created see a new banner asking them to complete that process. This helps reduce the risk that users get locked out of their account, and makes account email addresses overall more reliable. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428292] * An update to [[Special:Search|Search]] is refining how the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> behaves when used to exclude results. Previously, using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> with negation could unintentionally broaden search results by adding the namespaces included in the search scope, leading to confusing behavior for users expecting a straightforward exclusion filter. With the update, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> will now strictly exclude matching page titles as intended and may display a warning if the relevant namespace has not been explicitly selected. The behavior of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> without negation however remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427443] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where reviewers using the Page Curation toolbar were not automatically subscribed to talk page discussions they started has now been fixed. Reviewers will now receive notifications when someone replies to those discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329346] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting June 29th, automated downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website will be subject to the [[Foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services remains unaffected. This is a follow up to the announcement made in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|2026/25 issue of Tech News]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.9|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W27"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 11:48, 29 Hunyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30744833 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-28</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the search bar results on Wikidata, showed English results instead of using the correct language fallback for users of language variants, has now been fixed. Search suggestions will now follow the expected language fallback chain. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429769] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * In preparation for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Celebrate Women|Celebrate Women campaign]] planned for March 2027, the Wikimedia Foundation’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Advancement/Community Growth/Content Enablement|Content Enablement team]] has launched a 22-question survey to better understand technical contributions by women+ (anyone who identifies as a woman) across Wikimedia projects. The survey takes approximately 15–20 minutes to complete and will remain open until 20 July 2026. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Celebrate Women/Technical contributions survey|questions]] are also available on-wiki for review in advance. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score|Score extension]] now supports rendering music scores as SVG images in addition to PNG, addressing a long-standing [[:phab:T49578|feature request]] and resolving historical image quality issues. Both formats are now provided to clients, with PNG in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>src</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute and SVG in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>srcset</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute. * The new [[wikitech:Parsoid|Parsoid]] parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. It was enabled on French Wikipedia, bringing total progress to covering 78.9% of Wikipedia page views. Rollout to English Wikipedia desktop will progress through this week. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.10|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Hackathon 2026 [[diffblog:2026/06/29/wikimedia-hackathon-2026-building-collaborating-and-shaping-the-future-together/|recap blog post]] is now live. It highlights the projects, sessions, and social activities from this year’s event, and shares initial plans for the 2027 Wikimedia Hackathon. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W28"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 13:57, 6 Hulyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30773578 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-29</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone|Revise Tone]] helps newcomers identify passages in Wikipedia articles that may contain non-encyclopedic language and encourages them to consider revising the tone. The feature was [[w:en:A/B_testing|A/B tested]] on the Arabic, English, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias, where newcomer task completion rates [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone#Experiment_Results|increased by 38.7%]] compared to the default Copyedit task, with no decrease in edit quality. The test ended on July 9, and the feature is now available for everyone on these wikis, configurable via Community Configuration. [[phab:T426364|The plan]] is to release Revise Tone to more wikis. * The community configuration that allows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship#Automated mentor list cleanup|automatic removal of inactive mentors]] based on configurable criteria will be enabled on Thursday 16, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment|on some wikis]] to keep mentor lists up to date. Mentors are experienced contributors who opt in to help new users on-wiki through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth Features]]. Administrators can now prepare the settings via [[w:Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship|Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship]]; they will take effect starting Thursday. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:38}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:38|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some users of the Wikipedia Android app were logged out immediately after signing in, preventing them from staying logged in and editing pages, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316916] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editing a page via user scripts or gadgets was causing watchlist labels that the user had assigned to that page to reset. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423778] * To work around a Safari bug (see [[phab:T425211]]), on Parsoid-enabled wikis, wikilink hrefs now use absolute urls instead of protocol-relative urls. REST API output remains unchanged and continue to use protocol-relative urls. Gadgets, user scripts, bots, and CSS might need to be adapted if they relied on the presence of protocol-relative urls in wikilink hrefs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T431358] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Foundation’s Experiment Platform Team has published a blog post reflecting on its first year of structured experimentation. It highlights successful experiments such as Paste Check, Reference Check, and Tone Check, which improved editing outcomes and have been rolled out to more users, as well as experiments that did not lead to product changes. [[diffblog:2026/07/07/moving-the-needle-how-we-test-new-ideas-across-wikimedia-projects|Read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W29"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:12, 13 Hulyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30804401 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-30</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/30|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reader/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] has incorporated community feedback around the placement of watchstar and watchlist buttons for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading Lists beta feature]], which would allow for saving articles for later reading – a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W102|wishlist item]] to bring the functionality to web. Editors are invited to enable the beta feature to test it out and [[phab:T426453|share their thoughts]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] offers edit suggestions within the VisualEditor for improving Wikipedia articles. [[Special:EditChecks|All suggestions]] are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators – local customization|community-configurable]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/TextMatch|TextMatch]] feature is a way for volunteers to create custom local suggestions. The feature searches in articles for strings of text, and now includes support for regular expressions. This gives volunteers greater precision and flexibility over the kinds of local suggestions they can create. Note: Suggestions [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration#:~:text=maximumEditcount|can be targeted]] based on the edit count of the person editing as well as other aspects of the page. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#Create custom local types of Suggestions|find examples from other communities]] for inspiration, including TextMatches that detect: typos, grammar-errors, potential advertisements, clichés, incorrect dash or hyphen usage, non-specific time keywords, outdated names, and more. Any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|feedback]] is appreciated. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the SVG Translate tool could use an outdated version of a file, causing existing translations to be overwritten when new ones were uploaded, has now [[phab:T430577|been fixed]]. Overall, in the last quarter from April – June 2026 about 337 community tasks were resolved by the Wikimedia Foundation. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * On Parsoid-enabled wikis, Parsoid now renders a maximum of 1,250 images per page. A new tracking category, "media-limit-reached", will be soon made available to identify pages where this limit is reached, making it easier to find content whose media output may have been restricted during rendering. See [[phab:T430854]] for more information and to provide feedback. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W30"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 05:47, 21 Hulyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30836091 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-31</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ContentTranslation|Content Translation]] now supports dark mode, fulfilling a [[m:Community Wishlist/W544|Community Wishlist request]]. This brings the tool in line with the accessibility features available in the Vector 2022 and Minerva skins, helping reduce visual fatigue for users translating content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367077] * DiscussionTools' source mode and the 2017 wikitext editor will now offer autocomplete for links (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>[[</nowiki></code></bdi>), templates (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code></bdi>), HTML and parser tags (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><</nowiki></code></bdi>), and magic words (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>__</nowiki></code></bdi>), making it quicker and easier to insert links, templates, and other wiki markup while editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T432400] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Readers Growth team]] has concluded its experiment with mobile page previews and will not roll out the feature. Page Previews are a pop-up bottom sheet that appears when readers tap a blue link, showing a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and an option to open the article. The experiment showed flat retention and negative indicator metrics, suggesting that mobile web readers preferred navigating directly to linked articles rather than using page previews. * The Reader Experience team has seen encouraging early results from the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists feature]], with 93% of participating users reporting that it was useful. Reading Lists help active readers save articles for future reading and support their learning goals on Wikimedia projects. The team plans further improvements before expanding the feature to more users. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh|Explore Feed Refresh]] initiative was tested with new and casual Wikipedia app readers. The refreshed feed helps readers discover new and relevant content. After a 10.5% increase in engagement with the feed, Wikimedia Apps team has decided to scale the Home Feed redesign to iOS with the learnings from the Android release applied. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where subject names in the Article Guidance feature were displayed with incorrect capitalization on French Wikipedia, has now been fixed. Subject names will now follow the correct capitalization rules for the language. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427201] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * After running several [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]] to improve registration completion rates, a new version of the username field on [[Special:CreateAccount|Create Account]] has been rolled out. It includes [[:c:File:Create account - July 2026 updates.png|a popover summarizing the username policy]] to provide clearer guidance during account creation. As part of this change, the messages <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-helpusername</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-help</nowiki></code></bdi> that several communities have configured will no longer be used. If communities want to customize the guidance shown in the new popover, they can instead edit the following messages: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet1</nowiki></code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet2</nowiki></code></bdi>, and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet3</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430604] * Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror syntax highlighter]] will offer [[w:en:Theme (computing)|themes]]. The themes can be picked from a dropdown menu in the full [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#CodeMirror preferences|CodeMirror preferences]] dialog. For wikitext, available themes are default, colorblind-friendly (previously the colorblind preference option on [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing]]) and no-highlighting. For code languages (i.e., CSS/JavaScript/JSON/Vue/Lua), there are several themes available. These same themes will eventually be available for wikitext, too. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163533] * From now on, wikis can restrict editing in the "User" namespace to only the page owner and certain user groups. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgRestrictUserPageEditing|Read the configuration documentation]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W31"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:50, 27 Hulyo 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30856308 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-32</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W32"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] has developed a [https://82db7c8d4b.catalyst.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Regent%27s_Park&uselang=de patch demo] that wraps the page toolbar onto two lines when there is not enough horizontal space for all the buttons. This aims to reduce crowding in the Vector 2022 toolbar, which can occur on some language Wikipedias at certain screen widths. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429518] * The Reader Experience team is planning to launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]], a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Mobile and apps/Have Apps reading lists available on Destop/Mobile|Community Wishlist item]], which is currently available to try in beta, as a full feature in September. Before then, volunteer translator help is needed for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-readinglists&filter=&action=translate string translations] into a number of languages. The feature supports reading and learning goals on Wikipedia. * Next week, the table of contents on Wikimedia Commons file pages will be improved by consolidating the file page table of contents with the page table of contents. This will make it easier to understand a file page’s structure, navigate to specific sections, and share links to individual sections. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some [[w:TIFF|TIFF]] images failed to load after clicking their thumbnail, causing a broken image to be displayed instead of the full-size image, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429326] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The variable and function selector in AbuseFilter has been updated to support search and autocomplete. It will allow filter maintainers to find the desired variable or function more quickly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323698] * The MJPEG and VP8 formats are removed from the video player. The MP4 format (MPEG-4 Part 2) is added instead, which provides higher quality videos to older iPhone devices. It may take a few weeks to retroactively update all existing videos. The default format for modern devices stays the same (VP9/WebM). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358266] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W32"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:47, 3 Agosto 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30872536 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-33</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W33"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/33|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new ChartWizard is [[c:Special:ChartWizard/Data:Example.Pie.chart|now available on Wikimedia Commons]] for users interested in creating charts from their own data. The wizard makes the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] more beginner-friendly by allowing editors to create charts, such as bar and pie charts, without needing to use JSON. Users can still switch to the JSON editor if they prefer. Feedback on the new tool is welcome on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist/W414|wish talk page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Wikipedia iOS app’s Picture of the Day widget displayed the same image every day instead of updating daily, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430692] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Math|Math formula]] SVG images will soon be generated in the browser instead of on the server. MathML continues to be generated on the server and renders in the browser without JavaScript. Wikibooks will see this change on 12 August, Wikisource on 19 August and Wikipedia from 20-27 August. You can try this by selecting "{{int:Mw-math-mathjax}}" in your preferences. This change is part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase/deprecation|deprecating RESTBase]] and [[phab:T431372|deprecating Mathoid]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271001] * Category pages will soon support sorting entries by the time they are added to a category. This will make it easier to find recently or long-standing categorized pages. It will also improve workflows for maintenance categories such as deletion backlogs and other time-based review tasks. You can use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>cldsort=timestamp</nowiki></code></bdi> URL argument in category view to sort the entries. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433768] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and user scripts on Wikimedia wikis may now use [[phab:T395347|ES2018 features]] and [[phab:T419142|ES2019 features]] in JavaScript code. Previously, the platform only allowed up to ES2017. MediaWiki validates the source code to protect functionality from syntax errors and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browser_support_matrix|supported browsers]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419142] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W33"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:46, 10 Agosto 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30901051 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-34</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist|Worklist feature]] for the Event Registration tool is now live on all Wikimedia wikis. With Worklist, event organizers can add the articles their event will focus on directly to the event page. The Worklist also powers [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist#How Event Pathways uses the worklist|Event Pathways]] which notifies other editors of the upcoming or ongoing event when they edit an article featured in the event's Worklist. This is the minimum viable version (MVP), and feedback is welcome. Organizers are encouraged to try the feature. A hands-on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Worklist Setup Workshop: Get Your Event Ready|Worklist Setup Workshop]] will take place on 18 August at 16:00 UTC and 19 August at 11:00 UTC. '''Updates for editors''' * [[Special:ShortPages]] displays short pages by their size, but in many cases it gets filled with disambiguations and soft redirects, making it harder to find the short articles themselves. Starting this weekend, you will be able to choose not to include an article in the special page by adding the magic word <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>__EXPECTSHORTPAGE__</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433203] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3436680|Bole]] ([[w:bol:|<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>w:bol:</nowiki></code></bdi>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429921] * Starting the week of August 17, the page toolbar will wrap onto two lines when there is not enough horizontal space for all the buttons. This is a [[phab:T429518|fully merged patch from the Reader Experience team]] which aims to reduce crowding in the Vector 2022 toolbar, that may occur on some language Wikipedias at certain screen widths. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, uploading large files to Wikimedia Commons has become more stable and less prone to failure following some fixes related to the “Could not acquire lock” upload error. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386640] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Debian Bullseye will reach the end of its Long Term Support on 31 August 2026. [[phab:T434103|Some Cloud VPS projects]] still have instances running Debian Bullseye. Maintainers of those projects are encouraged to migrate to Debian Bookworm or Debian Trixie. A [[wikitech:Help:Cloud VPS instance operating system migration|migration guide]] is available to help with the process, and users may also want to consider whether their workload is better suited to Toolforge. If you need help or cannot complete the migration by 31 August, please contact the Cloud VPS admins as soon as possible. [[listarchive:list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/RVIPQSYLKMSL5M46JP6NEJVGVE6I2RXQ/|Read more]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W34"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:04, 17 Agosto 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30922806 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-35</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/35|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[Special:CreateAccount|Special:CreateAccount]] page has been simplified as part of ongoing work to modernize the account creation experience. The panel showing project statistics no longer appears next to the form on desktop and mobile web. Multiple account creation experiments show that a simpler form helps newcomers complete registration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433783] * In order to improve page performance, images now load when they are viewed. This means images lower down an article will not load if a reader never scrolls to that part of the page, which may affect some image-related metrics. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148047] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where image thumbnails in Abstract Wikipedia could fail to display after the corresponding file was moved on Wikimedia Commons, has now been fixed. Thumbnails will now update correctly when files are moved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433448] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * User Info card is a feature that helps patrollers see information about user accounts. So far, it has been available only in places such as page history, logs and recent changes. Now, it's possible to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CheckUser#User_Info_card_in_page_content|place it in the page content]] as well, using the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{#uic:}}</nowiki></code></bdi> parser function. It can be particularly useful in templates like [[:en:Template:Userlinks|<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{Userlinks}}</nowiki></code></bdi>]] (or their specialized variants), as it will make it easier to see the context about a user on various noticeboard pages. The card will be displayed only to users who have it enabled in their [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpcheckuser-userinfocard-enable|preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424466] * Due to user security and privacy risks, we have disabled access to <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>Special:MyPage</nowiki></code></bdi> URLs when specifically using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=raw</nowiki></code></bdi>. If you are impacted by this, consider whether you can use an alternative approach. <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>Special:MyPage</nowiki></code></bdi> URLs can still be accessed and used without <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=raw</nowiki></code></bdi>. Specified user page URLs (e.g. <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>User:Myusername</nowiki></code></bdi>) can still be used with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=raw</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120386] * Due to an update, the thumbnailing software has been improved. This includes upgrading <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>librsvg</nowiki></code></bdi> to 2.60 and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>ImageMagick</nowiki></code></bdi> to 7, as well as resolving a number of long-standing thumbnailing bugs like rendering errors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419815#12222841] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W35"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:46, 24 Agosto 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30961208 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-36</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/36|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * A new format for the Community Wishlist is open for feedback. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Community Wishlist 2027|read the proposed ideas on Meta]]. This new process plans to improve how wishes are triaged, voted on, and prioritized in a way that is transparent and balanced across project families and language editions. This consultation is open for two weeks. '''Updates for editors''' * The latest release of the Wikipedia Android app includes updates to the Saved feature, bringing the app’s saving experience closer to iOS and Web. The update redesigns the Saved tab with an “All articles” view, removes the default “Saved” reading list, renames reading lists to “Collections,” and modernizes the article-saving experience. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420788] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] feature was enabled for all logged-in users on Bengali, Chinese, Czech and Vietnamese Wikipedias on August 25, after several months as a beta feature. Reading Lists will be available to all logged-in users on Arabic, French and Indonesian Wikipedias on September 1, followed by English Wikipedia on September 14, and all other Wikipedia wikis on September 28. * At the end of the month, some logged-out readers on Bengali, Czech, Persian, English, and Polish Wikipedias using the Minerva skin on mobile will see an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Minimal_Minerva|updated navigation bar]] in an [[w:A/B test|A/B test]]. The test will compare the current navigation bar with a new version designed to make it easier to find information more quickly. The goal is to determine whether these changes encourage readers to return more often. This experiment will not change the experience for logged-in readers and/or editors. * Editors who maintain redirects, templates, and categories used on redirect pages now have improved ways for finding and curating redirects. Previously, redirects pages could not be searched. Two new search keywords, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>onlyredirects:</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>withredirects:</nowiki></code></bdi>, now allow redirects to be searched directly and can be combined with existing keywords such as <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>incategory:</nowiki></code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>intitle:</nowiki></code></bdi>, and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>insource:</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T204089] * The ISBN lookup tools for generating citations were recently not working because of external service problems. Developers are working on solutions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435179] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where searching for pages by category using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>deepcat</nowiki></code></bdi> could return no results or unrelated results has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414859] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The domain of URLs for thumbnails is changing from upload.wikimedia.org to thumb.wikimedia.org. The old URLs will continue to work for the foreseeable future but MediaWiki will advertise the new domain instead. URLs to other types of media such as original files, videos and transcodes will still be served from upload.wikimedia.org. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427465] * The Wikimedia [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?api=wmf-math%2Fv1&title=Special%3ARestSandbox Math API] is now deprecated. These endpoints will be fully sunset by the end of September 2026. Developers who call these endpoints should transition to alternative math rendering solutions, such as the native [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML MathML] or [https://www.mathjax.org/ MathJax]. Third-party MediaWiki installations that utilize the Math extension for formula rendering are required to upgrade to v1.43+ to avoid disruption of service. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/TextMatch|TextMatch]] in a Diff post titled, [[diffblog:2026/08/28/custom-edit-suggestions-for-every-wiki-how-communities-are-shaping-suggestion-mode-with-textmatch/|Custom edit suggestions for every wiki: How communities are shaping Suggestion Mode with TextMatch]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W36"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:53, 31 Agosto 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30990659 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-37</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/37|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link|Add a Link]] has been upgraded for English Wikipedia users with improved detection of links that have different capitalization. This will help reduce ambiguous suggestions caused by differences in capitalization in article titles, including articles about cultural goods. A second phase of improvements is planned, which will also prepare the feature for release in other languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435526#12240876] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T434259] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article_guidance|Article guidance]] feature will be enabled by default for junior editors on Simple English and Turkish Wikipedia starting 10 September 2026 following [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article_guidance/Updates#Summary_of_experiment_result|an experiment]]. Junior editors with 0 to 99 edits will automatically see the feature when they click a red link or use the "[[tr:Vikipedi:Madde_sihirbazı|Madde oluşturto]]" option on Turkish Wikipedia to create a new article. The change is intended to help junior editors create higher-quality articles that meet each Wikipedia’s standards. [[phab:maniphest/query/z3tcTjmLMxk5/#R|Additional improvements]] will continue based on the experiment results and community feedback. * The [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org Pageviews Analysis] tool which allows users to compare pageviews across multiple pages, turns 10 years old this year and several new features have been added. They include [[toolforge:wikinav|WikiNav]] which provides insights into how readers of Wikipedia explore the content, editing stats in [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/siteviews?range=latest-30&sites=en.wikipedia.org Siteviews], the ability to [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/massviews?source=wikiproject&project=en.wikipedia.org lookup articles belonging to a WikiProject], and support for dark mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378549] * A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Minimal_Minerva|visually simplified Minerva]] navigation bar is being tested for logged-out readers using mobile web on the Bengali, Czech, English, Farsi, and Polish Wikipedias. The experiment aims to determine whether simplifying the navigation improves reader retention. The test will run from August 31 to September 28, and no action is required from users. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is working on improving [[en:Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Named references|auto-generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Editors will only notice a slight change starting this week. When adding automatic reference names the numbering will start at <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>:1</nowiki></code></bdi> instead of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>:0</nowiki></code></bdi>. Read more on the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|project page]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/VisualEditor/VisualEditor/+/1332704] * All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only for a few minutes]] on September 23. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] could mishandle nested nowiki tags, causing content to be lost and displaying unwanted text has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435116] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Interface administrators can configure gadgets from [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]]. The definition format has been updated and no longer requires the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>ResourceLoader</nowiki></code></bdi> option, as gadgets are always loaded through <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>ResourceLoader</nowiki></code></bdi>. This simplifies gadget configuration by removing an option that is no longer necessary, making gadget definitions easier for administrators. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298199] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W37"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:45, 7 Septyembre 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=31008437 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-38</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/38|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Future Audiences team has started a [[en:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals)#New proposed experiment to let readers know about “Google preferred sources”|discussion on English Wikipedia]] about a proposed new experiment to show a temporary notice about the new [https://blog.google/products-and-platforms/products/search/original-high-quality-content-search/ Google Preferred Sources] feature to Wikipedia readers coming from Google. The experiment is to test whether this notice makes visitors come back to Wikipedia more often. Preferred Sources feature lets users choose websites they trust so Google can highlight content from those sources more prominently in Search and AI experiences. We are interested in testing this on other languages that Google supports and would welcome assistance with starting conversations on other wikis. If interested, please reach out to Future Audiences on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Preferred sources|talk page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * The chat platform Discord is releasing a new self-service framework that websites can use to specify how their links should look when shared on Discord. The Future Audiences team is planning to start using this new framework to improve how Wikipedia links look when shared on Discord, giving better attribution and credit to contributors. The link appearance and behavior won't change in the first phase of this project as we want to first collect some baseline data to assess the impact of future changes. However, if community members who are active on Discord spot any issues, they can reach out on [[phab:tag/future-audiences/|Phabricator]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences|Metawiki]]. * The Reader Growth team will be running an experiment to test whether [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Compact Lead|compacting article lead sections on mobiles]] with the addition of a "read more" button improves reader retention. The test will begin on September 17 on Arabic, Spanish, French, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and will run for four weeks. * All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only for a few minutes]] on September 23. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where [https://wikistats.wmcloud.org/ Wikistats] for Wikipedias was returning an HTTP 500 error and could not be reached, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435959] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Developers who maintain a tool that queries the Wikimedia Commons links tables need to update their code to connect to the new x4 database cluster. The links tables have been moved from the s4 cluster to x4, and will no longer receive updates on s4. The page and redirect tables remain available on both clusters. A wiki replica for the x4 cluster will be set up afterwards. The change is being made because the s4 cluster has grown too large to operate efficiently. You can [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/News/2026 Commons links tables database split|read more]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W38"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:31, 14 Septyembre 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=31039826 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-39</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/39|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 23 September 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1790172000 14:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363] '''Updates for editors''' * The Growth team tested a new post-edit notice designed to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#4. Encourage Temporary Accounts to Register|encourage Temporary Account holders to register for a permanent account]]. The new notice replaced multiple dialogs and a simultaneous welcome notification with a single message highlighting the benefits of creating an account. The experiment increased permanent account creation from 1.94% to 3.66%, an 87% relative increase. The change will now be released to all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433551] * For Wikipedia editors using the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|"Suggestion mode" Beta Feature]], there is a [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-editcheck-experimental|new opt-in user preference]] for showing "experimental" edit checks and suggestions. These types are listed at [[Special:EditChecks#experimental-checks|Special:EditChecks]], and are intended for early developer-testing and for gathering feedback from experienced users. Administrators can change the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration|configuration details]] for each suggestion as usual. Administrators can also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#Experimental Suggestions|use this feature]] to help test their community's ideas for locally created checks and suggestions. Experimental types will have a more distinct visual style later this week. [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Feedback is welcome]]. * The [[m:CEE Technical Village Pump|CEE Technical Village Pump]] has been launched as a space for technical discussions and collaboration among Wikimedia communities in Central and Eastern Europe. * A new tool, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Language Onboarding and Development/Starter kit|Starter Kit]], is now available for new and small language Wikipedia communities. It brings together guided tasks, tools, and resources to help communities get started, monitor their progress, and collaborate with the broader Wikimedia community. Starter Kit is hosted on Wikimedia Toolforge and is designed for Wikipedias with fewer than 50,000 articles. Learn more about how Starter Kit works and how communities have been using it in [[diffblog:2026/09/18/introducing-starter-kit-for-new-and-small-language-wikipedias/|this Diff blog post]]. * The Reader Growth team is launching a retest of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|image carousel experiment]]. The retest will use three new versions of the design, updated based on community feedback. The team will assess results and determine with communities whether or not to proceed with the feature. The experiment will begin the week of September 28 and will run on Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Czech, English, Farsi, French, German, Indonesian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. * After successful rollouts to Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Czech, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists feature]] from the Reader Experience team will be available to all logged-in users on all Wikipedia wikis starting September 28. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the mentor status script repeatedly updated mentors’ status even when nothing had changed, creating unnecessary Recent Changes entries, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T436659] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>abusefilters</nowiki></code></bdi> list query API, used to retrieve specific details about active or historical abuse filters configured on a wiki, has been updated to support the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>formatversion=2</nowiki></code></bdi> configuration parameter, thereby leading to breaking changes to the API response. All users who maintain user-scripts or other code need to check if they use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>abusefilters</nowiki></code></bdi> list query API, and respond to any breaking changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435828] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W39"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 11:56, 27 Septyembre 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=31085309 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-40</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W40"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/40|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Users of default skins on desktop and mobile web (Vector 2022 and Minerva respectively) will now be informed if the search suggestions displayed as they type into Search come from page redirects. Previously, users could get confused when the top search suggestions did not match exactly what they had typed. The new redirect notice clarifies that these suggestions are not random, but related to the search. The suggested pages may be redirects to the most relevant destination articles being searched for. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T303013] * Logged-out Wikipedia users on mobile web will begin to see a bookmark button for saving articles to their [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] instead of the current Watchstar button. When clicked, the bookmark button prompts users to log in or create an account to save an article for later. An earlier experiment found that the bookmark icon was four times more likely than the Watchstar button to encourage logged-out users to create an account. This change is part of efforts to encourage more readers to become account holders and use features that help them save and return to content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T438769] * An experiment will begin on September 29 on Spanish, Arabic, English, and French Wikipedias to simplify the experience users encounter immediately after account creation. The test will explore whether removing friction from the current Welcome Survey helps new users understand what to do next more easily. The experiment will run through the end of October. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430058] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has put out a call for the community to suggest topics that it should consider and discuss with the Wikimedia Foundation. Editors and technical contributors are invited to add topics to [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council|the council's talk page]]. * Later this week, it will be possible for communities to configure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit Checks and Suggestions]] so that they are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration#extraNamespaces|shown within additional namespaces]], such as a <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>Draft:</nowiki></code></bdi> namespace. [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Feedback is welcome]]. * A bug in the [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] is causing the page to fail to load for users that have unseen changes on Wikimedia Commons. Developers are working on a fix. Until then, affected users can follow the workarounds described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist#GlobalWatchlist temporarily broken for users with Wikimedia Commons|relevant]] help section. * New magic words <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{CATEGORYSORT:TIMESTAMP}}</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{CATEGORYSORT:RTIMESTAMP}}</nowiki></code></bdi> are now available for use. They are able to change the default sorting of categories to be based on timestamp of categorization. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433768] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where [https://wikistats.wmcloud.org/ Wikistats] for Wikipedias was not reachable has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435959] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The datacenter switchover, scheduled on September 23, has been postponed. [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|The equinox exercise]] revealed capacity issues, preventing the switch of all services to the other datacenter. The process has been paused, prioritizing investigating that issue, to ensure that we continue to be able to serve our users reliably. A new exercise will be scheduled. Meanwhile, all traffic and edits continue to work as usual. * On September 23, a power loss briefly affected all wikis, creating intermittent issues on both reading and editing modes. This also affected Gerrit. This is unrelated to the datacenter switchover postponement. [https://www.wikimediastatus.net/incidents/9fm19t8qykk8] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Produnto|Produnto]] has been deployed to mediawiki.org and [[phab:T421436|some Indic language wikis]]. We want to hear your feedback on this experimental product. Produnto allows users to use Lua modules hosted in [[gitlab:repos/lua|Wikimedia's GitLab]]. It simplifies the sharing of Lua code between wikis. Instead of copying each individual Lua module from one wiki to another, users will be able to easily share packages across all wikis. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * A [[m:Event:Cross-wiki Code Collaboration Workshop|Cross-wiki code collaboration workshop]] will be held online on October 2 at 12:30 UTC, bringing together South Asian technical contributors to learn about Produnto and begin piloting it on Hindi, Punjabi, Odia, Telugu, and Malayalam Wikipedias. Produnto is a package manager for deploying Lua modules hosted on GitLab to Wikimedia wikis, and was recently deployed on some pilot wikis. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W40"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 10:49, 28 Septyembre 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=31092225 --> rti003d9qefsm1zmleuakeuzshqqyaw 14 2906474 7788107 7784218 2026-09-27T13:33:46Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + commonscat 7788107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{commonscat|Human body}} [[Kaarangay:Homo]] 5mjy6asurmgppvf0wpbhc64v4usb61f 0 2906638 7788126 2026-09-27T16:14:39Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788126 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sexyy_Red,_Dec_2023_(cropped).jpg|175px|thumb|Sexyy Red (2023)]] Hi '''Janae Nierah Wherry''' (natawo [[Abril 15]], [[1998]] ha [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]]), kilala ha propesyonal nga ngaran nga '''Sexyy Red''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper. Nagsaka hiya hin prominente ha pagpagawas han iya [[2023]] nga single nga ''Pound Town'' (upod hi Tay Keith); an pagkasikat hini nagdara han gin-remix nga sequel nga ''Pound Town 2'' upod hi [[Nicki Minaj]], nga nagin viral nga kanta ha Estados Unidos. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1998]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] rz95bldvckx1e7yuq7w34elmagiasjq 0 2906639 7788141 2026-09-27T17:20:36Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788141 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Glorilla_in_a_2023_interview_(cropped).png|175px|thumb|GloRilla (2023)]] Hi '''Gloria Hallelujah Woods''' (natawo ha [[Hulyo 28]], [[1999]] ha [[Memphis]], [[Tennessee]]), kilala ha propesyonal nga ngaran nga '''GloRilla''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1999]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] 4uoxvyacwpigxjtt1zhyz5tfdrajp86 0 2906640 7788143 2026-09-27T19:46:57Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788143 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Megan_Thee_Stallion_2019_2.jpg|thumb|Megan Thee Stallion (2019)]] Hi '''Megan Jovon Ruth Pete''' (natawo [[Pebrero 15]], [[1995]] ha [[San Antonio]], [[Texas]]), mas kilala ha propesyonal nga ngaran nga '''Megan Thee Stallion''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper, manunurat hin kanta, ngan aktres. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1995]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] id3d66un6f7xr9ibfrsc5eley1itdxn 0 2906641 7788144 2026-09-27T19:54:18Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788144 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flo_Milli_WHTA_interview_2024.jpg|thumb|Flo Milli (2024)]] Hi '''Tamia Monique Carter''' (natawo [[Enero 9]], [[2000]] ha [[Mobile, Alabama|Mobile]], [[Alabama]]), mas kilala ha propesyonal nga ngaran nga '''Flo Milli''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper, parakanta ngan manunurat hin kanta. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 2000]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] a62rfua5oo63p3x5e6udhr8olfbo8xx 0 2906642 7788145 2026-09-27T20:03:24Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788145 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Lola_Brooke_WHTA_interview_Feb_2023.png|thumb|Lola Brooke (2023)]] Hi '''Shyniece Deneen Thomas''' (natawo [[Pebrero 1]], [[1994]] ha [[Brooklyn]], [[Syudad han New York]]), mas kilala ha iya ngaran ha entablado nga '''Lola Brooke''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper. Nahitaas hiya hin kabantogan pinaagi han iya [[2021]] nga single nga "Don't Play with It" ([[Winaray]]: ''Ayaw Pagmulay hini''), nga nagin sikat ha Twitter ngan TikTok han sumunod nga tuig. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1994]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] 5zyb1c2eeokwj2n7dpxwte9wg45we15 0 2906643 7788146 2026-09-27T20:09:03Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788146 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Latto_WHTA_interview_2024_05.png|175px|thumb|Latto (2024)]] Hi '''Alyssa Michelle Stephens''' (natawo [[Disyembre 22]], [[1998]] ha [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]], [[Ohio]]), kilala ha propesyonal nga ngaran nga '''Latto''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper ngan parakanta. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1998]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] n27f5uv3uwq6owd408akv11vik70txj 0 2906644 7788147 2026-09-27T20:14:34Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788147 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Doja_Cat_x_Amazon1.1_(cropped).jpg|175px|thumb|Doja Cat (2021)]] Hi '''Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini''' (natawo [[Oktubre 21]], [[1995]] ha [[Los Angeles]], [[California]]), nga kilala ha propesyonal nga ngaran nga '''Doja Cat''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper, parakanta, ngan manunurat hin kanta. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1995]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] cws86qxfelf8djnsfnlkr1txgr7nsy8 0 2906645 7788148 2026-09-27T20:21:43Z Unlimitedmusic7 68048 + bag-o 7788148 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Saweetie_at_The_Great_Escape_2018_2.png|thumb|Saweetie (2019)]] Hi '''Diamonté Quiava Valentin Harper''' (natawo [[Hulyo 2]], [[1993]] ha [[Santa Clara, California|Santa Clara]], [[California]]), kilala ha propesyonal nga ngaran nga '''Saweetie''', usa nga [[Estados Unidos|Amerikana]] nga rapper ngan aktres. [[Kaarangay:Estados Unidos]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1993]] [[Kaarangay:Hip hop]] hbkpi24hdevsm6foyno5q6daqavnlrv