维基百科 wuuwiki https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk 模块 模块讨论 Event Event talk 0 91439 396046 380689 2026-05-30T16:41:09Z IvanScrooge98 40625 /* */ +讀音 396046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Zohran_Mamdani_05.25.25.jpg|name=查冷·乖梅·孟汏尼|birth_date={{birth date and age|1991|10|18}}|native_name=Zohran Kwame Mamdani|native_name_lang=en}} '''查冷·乖梅·孟汏尼'''（{{Langx|en|{{audio|Zohran Mamdani.ogg|Zohran Kwame Mamdani}}}}，{{bd|1991年|10月18号||}}），中文也翻译成'''佐赫兰·夸梅·马姆达尼'''或者'''卓蘭·夸梅·曼達尼'''，是一個[[美国]]政客，2021年开始當[[纽约州议会]]第36选区议员，选区勒垃[[皇后区]]。渠是[[民主党（美国）|民主党]]搭[[美国民主社会主义者]]个成员，2025年[[纽约市市长]]选举当选仔市长。 孟汏尼是学者[[马哈茂德·孟汏尼]]搭导演[[米拉·奈尔]]个儿子，生勒乌干达，小辰光勒南非蹲过一段辰光。七岁个辰光，渠跟牢爷娘移民到美国，定居勒纽约市。渠从布朗克斯科学高中（Bronx High School of Science）毕业以后，勒鲍登学院（Bowdoin College）拿着非洲研究学士学位。从政之前，伊做过住房咨询师，还搞过嘻哈音乐。2020年，渠挑战连牢当仔四届个议员阿拉维拉·西莫塔斯（Aravella Simotas），成功胜选，进仔纽约州议会。之后，伊无得对手咾，轻松连任。 2024年，孟汏尼宣布参加2025年纽约市市长选举。渠个竞选主张包括：免费城市公交、公共托儿服务、市营平价超市、冻结租金管制房子个租金，还有多造眼平价社会福利房。渠批评以色列政府。 勒民主党初选个辰光，孟汏尼得着交关进步派大亨个支持，譬如[[勃热·商特斯]]搭[[亚历山德里娅·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯]]（AOC）。2025年6月24号初选结果出来哉，因为[[安德鲁·科莫]]（Andrew Cuomo）认输退选哉咾，孟汏尼变成功民主党个候选人。<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbc26.com/politics/cuomo-concedes-in-nyc-mayoral-primary-mamdani-poised-for-upset-victory|title=Cuomo concedes in NYC mayoral primary, Mamdani poised for upset victory|first1=Justin|last1=Boggs|date=2025-06-25|work=NBC26|accessdate=2025-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250626133019/https://www.nbc26.com/politics/cuomo-concedes-in-nyc-mayoral-primary-mamdani-poised-for-upset-victory|archivedate=2025-06-26|language=en}}</ref>11月4号个大选，孟汏尼担着50.4%个选票，打败仔独立候选人科莫咾共和党候选人{{Internal link helper/en|柯特斯·斯利瓦|Curtis Sliwa}}，当选仔市长。 == 早年经历搭教育 == 查冷·乖梅·孟汏尼1991年10月18号<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356#story|title=Mamdani’s mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map|website=Monitor|first=Yahudu|last=Kitunzi|language=en|date=2025-06-07|accessdate=2025-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356|archivedate=2025-06-09}}</ref>勒垃乌干达坎帕拉出世。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nyassembly.gov/mem/Zohran-K-Mamdani|title=Biography|website=Zohran K. Mamdani - Assembly District 36 {{!}}Assembly Member Directory {{!}} New York State Assembly|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623235809/https://nyassembly.gov/mem/Zohran-K-Mamdani/|archivedate=2025-06-23}}</ref>渠拉爷叫[[马哈茂德·孟汏尼]]（Mahmood Mamdani），是哥伦比亚大学后殖民研究教授，<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/zohran-mamdani-cuomo-adams-nyc-mayors-race-4cc539e2f31ca695634f5b90784267bc|title=Can Zohran Mamdani, a 33-year-old democratic socialist, become the next mayor of New York City?|first1=ANTHONY|last=IZAGUIRRE|date=2025-06-06|accessdate=2025-06-26|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607130236/https://apnews.com/article/zohran-mamdani-cuomo-adams-nyc-mayors-race-4cc539e2f31ca695634f5b90784267bc|archivedate=2025-06-07|agency=[[美聯社]]}}</ref>渠是印度裔乌干达人，祖上是古吉拉特什叶派穆斯林。<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/who-is-zohran-mamdani-indian-american-filmmaker-mira-nairs-son-contesting-for-new-york-city-mayor-elections-all-you-need-to-know/articleshow/121798777.cms|title=Who Is Zohran Mamdani? Indian-American filmmaker Mira Nair's son contesting for New York City mayor elections; all you need to know|work=[[印度时报|Times of India]]|date=2025-06-14|accessdate=2025-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250617081425/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/who-is-zohran-mamdani-indian-american-filmmaker-mira-nairs-son-contesting-for-new-york-city-mayor-elections-all-you-need-to-know/articleshow/121798777.cms|archivedate=2025-06-17|language=en}}</ref>渠拉娘叫[[米拉·奈尔]]（Mira Nair），是印度裔美国电影导演，是旁遮普印度教背景。渠拉爷特为搭伊取仔個中间名“乖梅”（{{Lang|en|Kwame}}），是为仔纪念加纳頭一任总统[[乖梅·尔克鲁埋]]（Kwame Nkrumah）。<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.littleafricanews.com/zohran-mamdani-announces-candidacy-for-mayor-of-new-york-city/|title=Ugandan-Born Zohran Mamdani Announces Candidacy for Mayor of New York City|first1=Mona|last1=Davids|date=2024-10-26|work=LittleAfrica News|accessdate=2025-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241104150550/https://www.littleafricanews.com/zohran-mamdani-announces-candidacy-for-mayor-of-new-york-city/|archivedate=2024-11-04|language=en}}</ref> == 参考 == <references /> [[Category:美国什叶派穆斯林]] [[Category:印度裔乌干达人]] [[Category:印度裔美国人]] [[Category:旁遮普裔美国人]] [[Category:古吉拉特裔美国人]] d1nnrfq3m6t6wam2em3dinh3amotqgi 0 91978 396047 371489 2026-05-31T08:31:52Z Amherst99 17137 396047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{medical}} [[File:Lipohemarthrosis.png|thumb|{{PAGENAME}}个X光照片]] '''关节积血'''（{{lang-en|'''hemarthrosis'''}}）指个是[[关节]]里向[[出血]]，通常是有[[出血]]倾向个病人受到外伤仔么发生个。 ==病因== 关节积血通常勒垃外伤发生仔後发生个，必过主要是有[[出血]]倾向个病人会得有箇种情况，比方讲用[[华法林]]（warfarin，或者其他[[抗凝剂]]）个病人咯[[血友病]]病人咾啥个。伊也可能发生勒[[膝]]关节{{tsl|en|arthroplasty|关节置换术}}手术以后。<ref name="pmid14973857">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ohdera T, Tokunaga M, Hiroshima S, Yoshimoto E, Matsuda S |title=Recurrent hemarthrosis after knee joint arthroplasty: etiology and treatment |journal=J Arthroplasty |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=157–61 |year=2004 |pmid=14973857 |doi= 10.1016/j.arth.2003.09.009|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-arthroplasty_2004-02_19_2/page/157}}</ref>发[[克里米亚-刚果出血热]]个辰光也可能[[骨骱]]里向出血，认为是病毒感染造成个关节里向出血<ref name="aa.cchf">{{cite journal|last1=Ahmeti|first1=Salih|last2=Ajazaj-Berisha|first2=Lindita|last3=Halili|first3=Bahrije|last4=Shala|first4=Anita|title=Acute arthritis in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever|journal=Journal of Global Infectious Diseases|volume=6|issue=2|pages=79–81|doi=10.4103/0974-777X.132052|pmc=4049045|url=http://www.jgid.org/article.asp?issn=0974-777X;year=2014;volume=6;issue=2;spage=79;epage=81;aulast=Ahmeti|pmid=24926169|date=Apr 2014|access-date=2019-12-02|archive-date=2021-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309153056/https://www.jgid.org/article.asp?issn=0974-777X;year=2014;volume=6;issue=2;spage=79;epage=81;aulast=Ahmeti|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Heyman|first1=Paul|last2=Cochez|first2=Christel|last3=Hofhuis|first3=Agnetha|last4=van der Giessen|first4=Joke|last5=Sprong|first5=Hein|last6=Porter|first6=Sarah Rebecca|last7=Losson|first7=Bertrand|last8=Saegerman|first8=Claude|last9=Donoso-Mantke|first9=Oliver|last10=Niedrig|first10=Matthias|last11=Papa|first11=Anna|title=A Clear and Present Danger: Tick-borne Diseases in Europe|journal=Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther|year=2010|volume=8|issue=1|pages=33–50|url=http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/717730_11|pmid=20014900|doi=10.1586/eri.09.118|access-date=2019-12-02|archive-date=2021-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119095625/https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/717730_11|dead-url=no}}</ref>。 ==诊断== 关节积血好用箇眼方法诊断： 首先是[[身体检查]]，通过活动骨骱，确认关节功能<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.healthline.com/health/hemarthrosis#causes3|title=Hemarthrosis|work=Healthline|access-date=2017-11-21|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121030108/https://www.healthline.com/health/hemarthrosis#causes3|dead-url=no}}</ref>。再进行关节液分析，箇要拿根细针插进关节里向，抽出关节液进行检查<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.drugs.com/cg/hemarthrosis.html|title=Hemarthrosis - What You Need to Know|work=Drugs.com|access-date=2017-11-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126161504/https://www.drugs.com/cg/hemarthrosis.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>，假使讲验出来有血么就是哉。一般性也好通过[[核磁共振成像]]、[[超声波]]、[[X射线]]检查出来<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Baker|first=C. L.|date=June 1992|title=Acute hemarthrosis of the knee|journal=Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia|volume=81|issue=6|pages=301–305|issn=0025-7028|pmid=1607844}}</ref>。 ==治疗== 对[[血友病]]病人来讲，关节积血会得自然发生，反复发生仔么会得造成血友病性关节病变，是血友病病人[[身心障碍|失能]]个主因，治疗可能要做{{tsl|en|synovectomy|滑膜切除术}}或者[[关节置换术]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Dunn AL |title=Management and prevention of recurrent hemarthrosis in patients with hemophilia |journal=Current Opinion in Hematology |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=390–4 |date=Sep 2005 |pmid=16093785 |doi=10.1097/01.moh.0000169285.66841.c8 |url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=1065-6251&volume=12&issue=5&spage=390 |access-date=2019-12-02 |archive-date=2012-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311154312/http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=1065-6251&volume=12&issue=5&spage=390 |dead-url=no }}</ref>，外加增加药减少出血可能。 == 参考 == {{Reflist}} [[分类:病]] mqvgwf1q2fkg2mh363dcs4ylyc3j8cv