Édouard Balladur

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    <title>Édouard Balladur</title>
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        <username>~2026-49500-08</username>
        <id>35160</id>
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      <text bytes="339" sha1="cupoplfqpow86kmptn5nf5qwwribnz2" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Édouard Balladur - 1993 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Édouard Balladur]]
'''Édouard Balladur''' (1929-2026) je [[Prime Minister of France|Alakoso Agba]] ile [[France|Furansi]] tele.

== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}

{{Heads of government of France}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Balladur, Edouard}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Fránsì]]

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Burundi</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66630</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636046</id>
      <parentid>627875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-11T12:36:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636046</origin>
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      <text bytes="10127" sha1="6x2yfkmnwi4kydxj8nkcffovk0vq82b" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly of Burundi who was a member twice does not show twice. 

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{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2836630|Alice Nzomukunda]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q3089596|Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3527314|Therence Sinunguruza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5423116|Ezechiel Nibigira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| [[Fáìlì:Burundian Minister of Foreign Affairs Ezéchiel Nibigira.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19904605|Manasse Nzobonimpa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25431475|Jean Ciza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107135910|Alain Mutabazi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113847468|Gelase Ndabirabe]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q114297339|Martin Niteretse]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123701217|Jean-Marie Nibirantije]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126683901|Jean-Marie Muhirwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134413690|Dénise Ndadaye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134414096|Patricie Nduwimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134414346|Catherine Mabobori]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2005-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134712585|Come Manirakiza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134712792|Martin Nivyabandi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135465574|Charles NDIZEYE]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135465731|Fabien HARAMATEGEKO]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135466233|Pacifique NDIHOKUBWAYO]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135487835|Gervais Abayeho]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135559172|Boussessia Nkezimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580743|Ernest Niyokindi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580762|Joselyne Baranyanka]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580763|Ruben Ntamavyariro]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580764|Boniface Banyiyezako]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580765|Remy Ndarufatiye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580766|Deogratias Intunguka]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580767|Ange Denise Kamere]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580768|Ancile Nibigira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580769|Shabani Nimubona]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580770|Redempteur Gahitira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580771|Fulgence Kwizera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580772|Nadia Niyonkuru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580773|Pascal Nitunga]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580774|Georgine Mbonimpa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580775|Zenon Ndaruvukanye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580776|Alice Niyitunga]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580777|Olivier Suguru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580780|Adeline Ingabire]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580782|Sylvie Nizigama]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580783|Doriane Imunezero]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580784|Renovat Mbazumutima]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580785|Juma Saidi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580786|Venerande Nahimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580787|Chrysologue Mutwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580788|Salvator Ntahobakinira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580789|Justin Niyobuhungiro]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580790|Chantal Barampama]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580791|Jerome Bahati]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580792|Felicite Iraharira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580793|Evelyne Nduwayezu]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580794|Julienne Ndayihaya]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580795|Gerard Bikebako]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580796|Josee Kwizera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580797|Dieudonne Bizimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580798|Floribert Nzambimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580799|Claude Badugaritse]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580800|Jeanne Izomporera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580801|Chantal Niyonzima]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580802|Ernest Ciza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580803|Renovat Hakizimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580804|Esperance Nininahazwe]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580806|Fabrice Nkurunziza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580807|Adda Nsengiyumva]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580808|Dieudonne Iradukunda]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580809|Celestin Niyonsaba]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580810|Revocate Nibigira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580811|Donatien Manirakiza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580812|Zachee Misago]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580814|Eric Nshimirimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580815|Odette Ntibesha]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580816|Donavine Niyonsaba]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580817|Nestor Irambona]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580818|Petronie Bucumi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580819|Françoise Nivyimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580820|Tantine Ncutinamagara]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580821|Ndutura Nibitanga]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580823|Emmanuel Ndayizeye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580824|Mediatrice Kankuyo]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580826|Godefilde Nduwarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580829|Sandrine Ikitonze]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580830|Jean-Claude Mbarushimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580832|Marie Odette Hakizimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580833|Nestor Musafiri]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580834|Sylvestre Ngendakumana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580836|Leonidas Ndaruzaniye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580838|Vincent Ndagijimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580839|Francine Dusabe]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580840|Beline Uwimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580842|Venant Nduwimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580843|Dieudonne Niyonsavye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580844|Jeannette Ndayishimiye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580845|Phocas Bigirimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580846|Epipode Baranyikwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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| ''[[:d:Q135580848|Epipode Kamana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580849|Venant Manirambona]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580852|Devote Nizigiyimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580853|Louis Kamwenubusa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580854|Innocent Niyonkuru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580855|Beatrice Bukuru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580856|Oscar Ndizeye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580857|Denis Karera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580858|Helene Kandava]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580859|Souavis Habonarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580860|Herman Habonarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580861|Nicolas Barajingwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580862|Jacqueline Nizigama]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580863|Monfort Bigirimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580864|Joachin Barutwanayo]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
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|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580865|Amelie Ninganza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580866|Pascaline Ndagijimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580867|Valence Kaneza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580868|Emmanuel Ndorimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580869|Jeanine Habarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580870|Amedee Rucaragi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580871|Mediatrice Manirakiza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>6x2yfkmnwi4kydxj8nkcffovk0vq82b</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the House of Representatives of Egypt</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66667</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636186</id>
      <parentid>635930</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:14:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636186</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28469" sha1="60sw6bdquv9la2mwf3i4fsbsqzg427x" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Representatives of Egypt who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
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|section=
|sort=P39/Q21290857/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21290857/P580:Start date,P39/Q21290857/P582:End date,P18:Image
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{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141314600|Sahar Attia]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2021
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141315052|Miral Galal El-Haridi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141316146|Sahar Osman]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141316308|Nashwa El-Sharif]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141322158|Hala Fawzy Ibrahim Abo El-Saad]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141336265|Sara El Nahas]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dr Sara El Nahas.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141342126|Marwa Kedwany]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141352315|Mirna Arif]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141352517|Samir Sabry]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141352594|Sherif Bishay]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372339|Samia Tawfik]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372425|Soulaf Darwish]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372426|Eman Khedr]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372427|Rasha Ramadan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372429|Abla El-Hawary]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372430|Magda Bakry]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015-12-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372431|Shadia Khodeir Meligi Al-Gamal]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372435|Sahar Sedky Khalifa]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372436|Sanaa Barghash]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372438|Elizabeth Shaker]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372440|Mary Girgis]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372444|Yara Ezzat Sheiba]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372446|Walaa El-Sabban]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372448|Ghada Ahmed Ismail Abu Kreesha]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372450|Hind Rashad]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2020
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372452|Abeer Esawy Dawood]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372455|Aya Magdy Ghoneim]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372457|Lobna Abdel Aziz]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372458|Shereen Abdel Aziz]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372460|Nisreen Omar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372462|Asmaa Abdel Qader]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372465|Abeer Fath Allah Rakha]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372466|Marwa Hussein Borais]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372470|Fadia Salem]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372472|Irene Saeed Abdel Moez]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372475|Buthaina Mohamed Mostafa Guneidy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372477|Amany Abul Yazid]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372479|Rawya Mokhtar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372481|Eman Samy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372482|Mary Gamal]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372486|Dr. Shaimaa Mahmoud Nabih]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372487|Asmaa Hegazy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372489|Mai Karam Gabr]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372491|Buthaina Abu Zeid]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372493|Hadeer Raef Rafik]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372495|Marwa Halawa]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372497|Marwa Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372500|Sylvia Nader]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372502|Sanaa El-Said]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372503|Gihan Shahin]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372505|Nancy Naim Boutros]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372506|Maryse Iskandar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372508|Shereen Reda Tayel]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372510|Mona Gomaa]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372512|Sandy Ghobrial Kastour]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372514|Fayza Saleh]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372516|Aya Abdel Rahman]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372517|Zeinab Bashier]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372519|Soheir Koriem]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372521|Noha Al-Azhary]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372523|Mona Abdullah]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372525|Samira El-Janayni]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372528|Eman Rahmy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372530|Elaria Samir Harris]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141372532|Abeer Attalla]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373111|Shaza Habib]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373113|Rasha Al-Maghraby]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373114|Donia Hany Seif]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373115|Marwa Al Ghannam]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373116|Yara Effat]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373118|Nevin Ragai]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373119|Hanan Nazier]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373120|Hanan Sabry]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373121|Bothaina Mostafa Otman]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373122|Noha Abo El-Dahab]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373123|Nagwa El-Alfi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373124|Rawan El Nahas]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373125|Aya Elnagar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373126|Heba Latif]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373127|Mervat Alexan Matta]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373128|Nevine Al-Kateb]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373129|Amany Abu Sehli]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373130|Heba Nabil Feseekh]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373131|Dalia Sadany]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373132|Rehab Abdel Rahim Al-Ghoul]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373133|Heba Ghaly]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373134|Israa Adel Al-Husseiny]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373135|Amira Fouad]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373136|Mona Keshta]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373137|Dina Helaly]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373138|Marianne Malak]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373139|Shireen Hassanein]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373140|Amira Zeidan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373141|Rania Salah El-Shimi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373142|Hanaa Anis]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373143|Inas Awad]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373144|Noha Abdel Rahman]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373145|Hyam Sayed Abu Shaqra]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373146|Doaa Al-Banna]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373147|Marian Kaldas]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373148|Nevin Iskander]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373149|Eman Al-Alfy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373150|Riham Abdel Naby]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373151|Shereen Aleesh]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373152|Haidy El-Moghazy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373153|Reham Farouk Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373155|Rania Rifaat Sherif]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373157|Soheir al-Qady]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373158|Aida Mohy El-Din]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373166|Asmaa Saad Al-Gamal]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373168|Marina Iskander]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373169|Riham Abo El-Hasan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373170|Saboura El-Sayed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373171|Marwa Hashem]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373172|Fathia El-Senoussi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373173|Marwa Saleh]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373174|Lamees Ahmed Anwar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373175|Christine Adel Hakim]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373176|Hend Hazem]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373177|Shereen Moustafa Mohamed Mahmoud]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373178|Wafaa Ahmed Ahmed El Serangawy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373179|Mariana Abdel Shahid]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373180|Nihal Abou Wafia]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373181|Nancy Ali Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373182|Howaida El Said Ghanem]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373183|Fatma El Sadek]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373184|Fatma Adel]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373185|Ghada Kandil]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373186|Sabah Saber Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373187|Jaylan Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373188|Ghada Jaber Al-Nahas]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373189|Amal Abdelhamid]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373190|Aida Ismail]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373191|Safinaz Talaat]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373192|Naglaa El-Oseily]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373193|Maha Abdel Nasser]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373203|Wafaa Ahmed Abdel Moati]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373204|Abeer Nassar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373205|Iman El-Agouz]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373206|Aya El-Fayoumi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373313|Mona Shaker Khalil Hussein]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373316|Mariam Mohamed Said Mohamed Fouad Mohamed Said]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373317|Ingy Mourad Fahim]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373318|Dina Wahdan Ahmed Ahmed El Baaly]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141373321|Nora Ali]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141374025|Marianne Amir Rafael]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015-12-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141374094|Doaa Youssef Soliman]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141374231|Amina Shoukri]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141375016|Nashwa El-Deeb]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141375776|Hayam Fathi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141375888|Hend Qabary Khamis Al-Gebali]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141375938|Shadya Thabet]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141375956|Ilham El-Minshawi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141376412|Thuraya Mohamed Ismail el-Sheikh]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141376521|Nosila Ismail Ahmed Swellam]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141384129|Sahar Ahmed Fekri Othman]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141384273|Abeer Al‐Sayed Mahmoud Hanafi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141384396|Inas Ibrahim Abdelhaleem Metwali]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141384512|Amal Trabia]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141384634|Ghada Mousa Ibrahim Saqr]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141384875|Rania El-Sadat]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141384989|Ne'mat Qamar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141385537|Nadia Henry]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141385671|Basant Fahmy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141386150|Manal Maher]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141386260|Abeer Gamal]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2020
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141395068|Suzy Rafla]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141395821|Sanaa El-Saeed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012&lt;br/&gt;2020
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141398269|Mai Mahmoud]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141398281|Amna Noseir]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141404193|Suzy Adli Nashed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141404507|Mervat Michel]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141404537|Olfat Kamel]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141405615|Hanan Abou El Geit]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141405781|Azza El Garf]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141405943|Magda Al-Nouashi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406054|Hoda Ghania]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406229|Reda Abdallah]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406257|Suzy Adly]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406274|Siham El Gamal]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406487|Mai El-Batran]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 2020
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406582|Ghada Ali]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2021
| 2026
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406613|Evelyne Matta]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141406674|Ghada Agami]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q401232|Ahmed Ezz]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q401494|Ahmed Shobair]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2005
| 2010
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q405451|Ayman Nour]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ayman Noor (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q459838|Hadia Hosny]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2020
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hadiaolympic.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1026624|Khaled Mohieddin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1990
| 2005
| [[Fáìlì:Khalid Muhyi al-Din-1952-54.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1676180|Saad El-Katatni]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dr saad Katatni 001.jpeg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2528416|Hazem Emam]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hazem Emam.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2576874|Yousef Wali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2949751|Younes Makhioun]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195985|Khaled Youssef]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Khaled Youssef.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3319087|Mohamed El-Sawy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Abd al-Munʻim Ṣāwī.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3380878|Kamal el-Din Hussein]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kamel el-Din Hussein.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3571315|Yehia El-Gamal]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3918522|Mohammed Mahdi Akef]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1987
| 1990
| [[Fáìlì:Mohammad Akif.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4115734|Hassan Sabry Pasha]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hassan Sabry Pasha (1935).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4118625|Georgette Kellini]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4165667|Essam el-Erian]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1987&lt;br/&gt;2012-01-11
| 1990&lt;br/&gt;2012-06-14
| [[Fáìlì:Dr. Essam el-Eryan.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4166461|Osman Ahmed Osman]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Osman Ahmed Osman.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664734|Abdel Ahad Gamal El Din]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4705121|Alaa El-Din Abdul Moneim]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alaa El-Din Abdul Moneim.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4832640|Aziz Abaza]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ilẹ̀-Ọba Òttómánì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aziz Pasha Abaza عزيز باشا أباظة.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5745625|Heshmat Fahmi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6745570|Mamdouh Hosny Khalil]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6890962|Mohamed Abu Hamed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Abu Hamed.jpeg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6943276|Mustafa Kamel Murad]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7293008|Rania Elwani]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015-12-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7297085|Rawya Ateya]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1957-07-14&lt;br/&gt;1984
| 1959&lt;br/&gt;1987
| [[Fáìlì:Rawya Ateya (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7409268|Sameh Shoukry]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sameh Shoukry Senate of Poland 2015.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7685777|Tarek Shaker]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7959780|Wahid Abdel Meguid]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ilẹ̀-Ọba Òttómánì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11013134|Mohamed M. Abou El Enein]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1995
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed-M.-Abou-El-Enein.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11183176|Farida El Choubachy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2020
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12178881|Ahmed Rushdi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1987&lt;br/&gt;1990
| 1990&lt;br/&gt;1995
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12184308|Al-Badri Farghali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1990
| 2010
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12188696|Al-Sayid Askar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2005-12-07&lt;br/&gt;2012-01-11
| 2010-11-29&lt;br/&gt;2012-06-14
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12208796|Hamdy Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hamdy Ahmed.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12208806|Hamdi Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2005
| 2010
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12211974|Dina Abdel Aziz]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12219747|صبري القاضي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12223848|ʻAbd al-Munʻim Ṣāwī]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12223885|Abdel Hadi al-Qasabi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12237452|Lamis Gaber]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015-12-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12239422|محفوظ حلمى]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12240694|Mohammed Abdel-Hamid Radwan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12240931|Mohamed Kamel Leilah]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242044|Mortada Mansour]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2000&lt;br/&gt;2015-12-03
| 2005&lt;br/&gt;2020-11-09
| [[Fáìlì:Mortada Mansour.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243371|Mostafa Bakry]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:مصطفى بكري.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16015001|Mohammed Tayea]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16128377|Abdelhamid Abdelhak]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16151773|Amin Iskander]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20607027|Hassaballah El Kafrawy]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20637173|Nasser al-Hafi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22688906|Ali Abdel Aal]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:علي عبد العال.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22929729|Mona Gaballah]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22931056|Margaret Azer]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2012&lt;br/&gt;2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23048327|أحمد عبد السلام قورة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ahmed abdelsalam.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28456670|Ashraf El-Shihy]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:أشرف الشيحي.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28714839|Caroline Maher]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015-12-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28714840|Marianne  Amir ِِAzer]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50309165|Gihane Zaki]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2021
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57627038|Heba Hagrass]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 2020
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58494856|Anissa Hassouna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015-12-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59050390|توفيق عبده إسماعيل]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59050399|ياسين عجلان]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61744972|Ahmed Tantawi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 2020
| [[Fáìlì:Ahmed Tantawy.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64692945|Sahar Talaat Moustafa]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2015
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q68170834|عبدالرحيم رضوان]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85950733|Fahmy Omar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1987
| 2000
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q89359711|Randa Mostafa]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q90429242|Manal H El-Sayed]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96099631|محمد علي محجوب]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 1979
| 2005
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104787854|Hanafy El Gebaly]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2020
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hanafy El Gebaly (2021) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104801275|Fatmah Selim]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2021
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fatmah Selim 2020 (facecroр).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110206661|Doha Assy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2020
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Doha Assy at Library for Foreign Literature.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q116967582|Neveen El Tahri]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2021-01
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q116976713|Sahar Albazar]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137768571|Hisham Badawy]]''
| 
| 
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139423340|Naela Gabr]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141268639|Dalia Yousef]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141268982|Thoraya Ahmed El-Badawi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141269326|Adel Azab]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141269500|Abdel Khaleq Awad]]''
| 
| 
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141269599|Salah Fawzi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141270181|Amr El-Wardany]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141270330|Manal Hamdy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141270353|Marian Magdy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141270368|Mirna Essam El-Din Aref]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141270712|Hanaa Abd El Hameed El Ebeisy]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141270930|Nashwa Aqel]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141270945|Amal Asfour]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 2026-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141313035|Maha al-Nasir]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141313066|Amira Abu Shaqa]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141313144|Rihab al-Ghul]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141313210|Jihan al-Bayumi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141313623|Mirfat al-Kisan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141313662|Hana’ Farouq]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141314128|Ayat al-Hadad]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141314152|’Irin Sa‘id]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141314182|Samia El-Hadidi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141314247|Saja Amr Hindi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>60sw6bdquv9la2mwf3i4fsbsqzg427x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the House of Peoples' Representatives of Ethiopia</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66679</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636079</id>
      <parentid>635916</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T02:35:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636079</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="45224" sha1="hcutzbcalehu1b412ux5pzxby0cuu1z" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Peoples' Representatives who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21328614 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21328614/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21328614/P580:Start date,P39/Q21328614/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[Girma Wolde-Giorgis]]
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Girma-Wolde-Giorgis official portrait.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Meles Zenawi]]
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Meles Zenawi - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2012.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q356741|Negasso Gidada]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 2005
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:Negasso Gidada.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2275961|Seyoum Mesfin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3100062|Gedu Andargachew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Gedu Andargachew - 2019 (48802681123) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3572445|Yohannes Tiro Ejigayehu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4832330|Azeb Mesfin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Azeb Mesfin in 2009 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4899848|Beyene Petros]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4996096|Bulcha Demeksa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5658111|Harka Haroyu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8046468|Yacob Haile-Mariam]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16149223|Ashebir Woldegiorgis]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16187059|Sinknesh Ejigu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sinkinesh Ejigu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16205894|Lidetu Ayalew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16728486|Demeke Mekonnen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Demeke Mekonnen Hassen - 2020 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18921783|Getachew Jigi Demeksa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dr.Getachew Jigi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50365049|Abiy Ahmed]]''
| olóṣèlú, Ethiópíà
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prime Minister of Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed Ali (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55238035|Muferihat Kamil Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Muferiat Kamil.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57898816|Lia Tadesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:EU2024BE 240206 Lia Tadesse.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62123939|Dagmawit Moges]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104794313|Fitsum Assefa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Minister of Planning and Development Fitsum Assefa Adela crop.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q127038755|Shewit Shanka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131744049|Lomi Bedo Kumbi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131997903|Ababaw Ayalew Gal]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998309|Abate Arega Atalay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998311|Abdikarim Akib Aden]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998313|Abdu Hassan Mohamed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998314|Abdulahi Mohammed Muse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998316|Abdulfatah Abdul Rahman Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998318|Abduljewad Mohammed Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998321|Abdulkadir Gelgelo Boru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998323|Abdurashed Abdilahi Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998325|Abdusemed Hussen Abo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998327|Abduwas Abdulahi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998328|Abeba Sadik Buser]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998331|Abebaw Desalew Bayabl]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998333|Abere Adamu Teferi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998336|Abiyot Delegn Yirkayo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998339|Abosh Mustafa Musa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998341|Abraham Alemayehu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998343|Abraham Amish Assema]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998346|Abreham Berta Aneseyee]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998348|Abune Alem Temesgen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998349|Adamu Kenea Daba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998352|Adane Alto Mengesha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998353|Adane Mande Damtew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998355|Adane Teshome Getahun]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998357|Adanech Nashura Samago]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998359|Addis Alemayehu Qumbi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998362|Addisu Kamiso Garanba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998364|Addisuwa Assefa Demise]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998366|Adugna Ahmed Uso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998368|Adugna Debela Bote]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998371|Agu Deban Gesso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998373|Agumase Anteneh Wube]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998376|Ahmed Hassen Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998378|Aknaw Kawza Malefiya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998380|Alemitu Abebe Atisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998382|Alemitu Assefa Tunduro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998383|Alemitu Umed Ujulu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998385|Alemnesh Berhanu Obsa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998387|Alemnesh G Mariam Imo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998389|Alemu Damtew Ashenafi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998391|Alemu Getahun Sisay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998393|Alemu Gonfa Robi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998395|Alemu Jemberu Ayalew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998398|Alemu Sime]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998400|Alie Belachew Bala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998402|Almaw Mengist Ambaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998403|Almaw Tigabu Melesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998405|Almaz Asale Ergado]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998407|Almaz Temesgen Sisay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998408|Almaz Wedajo Adimo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998410|Amarech Bekalo Sapa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998412|Amina Abdurahman Adem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998415|Amira Mohammed Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998418|Amsal Amare Abate]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998420|Amsal Mengistu Alemu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998422|Anesa Melko Hebero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998423|Arare Mosisa Etisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998426|Aregash Kefle Karbo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998427|Aregash Tekile Tantu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998429|Aschale Alamere Melesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998431|Aselefech Kuche Goa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998433|Asemahagn Aseres]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998435|Asha Yahya Salehi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998438|Asheber W. Giorgis Gayo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998440|Ashinie Astin Titoyik]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998441|Ashu Gololcha Oda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998443|Aster Beshir Figa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998445|Aster Keftaw Dachu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998446|Atsede Mamo Tamale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998448|Awoke Amzaye Assoma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998451|Ayan Ali Mussa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998453|Ayantu Gutata Fite]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998456|Ayele Negeri Gibo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998458|Ayele Teshome Gonche]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998460|Ayisha Shehshifa Abdurahaman]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998462|Aynalem Niguse Ali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998465|Aysha Mohammed Musa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998466|Azmera Andemo Kelo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998468|Balew Baye Assefa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998470|Bartema Fikadu Siraga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998472|Bayabl Mulate Fitgu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998474|Bayush Birhanu Kerorsa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998477|Begashaw Teklu Alemayehu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998479|Behelhem Lakew Sisay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998480|Berhane Meskel Tena Zemenfes]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998482|Berhaneteshay T/Wold]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998484|Berhanu Feisa Tila]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998485|Berhanu Gobena Yabe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998487|Betel Melakumu Abdisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998489|Beyenech Demeke Ato]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998491|Beza Teshome]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998494|Biftu Hassan Jebero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998496|Birhanu Hankara Hatiya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998498|Birhanu Megersa Lenjiso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998499|Birke Bahru Miraf]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998501|Brooke Lambiso Wamisho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998503|Bzuayehu Degefu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998504|Chala Lami Argane]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998506|Chala Wata Deres]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998509|Chaltu Mohommed Abdurahmn]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998511|Chaltu Werje Tuke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998513|Chimdo Hanchela Bulcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998515|Christian Tadele Tsegaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998518|Daniel Kibret Birhane]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998521|Dawud Mohammed Nur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998522|Debebe Admasu Yilma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998524|Debele Kabeta Hursa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998526|Debritu Tadege Mengesha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998528|Dejitnu Alene Zewde]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998530|Demeke Achiso Hirgeto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998534|Dereje Debela Senbeto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998536|Dereje Teklemariam Gebremeskel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998538|Desalegn Eriso Hasiso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998540|Desalegn Wedaje Zemene]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998541|Dessalegn Chanie Dagnew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998543|Dessie Dalke Dukamo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998545|Desta Befikadu Negewo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998547|Destaw Mekuanint Mezengiya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998549|Destaye Tilahun Misker]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998551|Dilamo Otere Frange]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998553|Dima Nogo Serbo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998555|Dina Mufti Ledi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998557|Diriba Galati Chali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998559|Dita Nura Tero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998560|Mohammed Abdo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998562|Dube Julo Maaga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998564|Duguma Adugna Debele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998566|Eba Mijena Negero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998569|Ebenezer Bekele Amare]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998572|Ejigu Melake G / Meskel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998574|Elias Ahmed Sadik]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998576|Elsabeth Ejigu Qena'A]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998580|Endalkachew Asrat Zeleke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998583|Endalkachew Lelisa Duresa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998588|Endalu Mulatu Lemi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998590|Endriyas Geta Beldeda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998594|Kemal Mohammed Zeynu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998599|Eng Sileshi Kore Dube]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998601|Ephrem Tessema Taressa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998604|Ergoge Tesfaye W / Meskel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998609|Eshetu G/Mariam Gol]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998616|Eshetu Temesgen Gelan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998620|Eskinder Aliye Abdula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998625|Essa Boru Tola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998629|Esubalew Mebrate Tesema]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998635|Etaferahu Mota Bogale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998640|Etaferahu Zegeye Ambaw]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998644|Etagegnehu Eshetu Gudeta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998649|Etefa Obsa Duresa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998654|Etsegenet Mengistu Zeleke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998659|Ewnete Alene Yalew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998665|Eyerusalem Lewi Essey]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998668|Eyob Tekalign Tolina]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998672|Fahmi Ali Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998679|Faima Shejemal Abamecha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998683|Fanaye Melese Wolde]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998686|Fanos Hailu Adera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998689|Fantaye Legesse Weldegiorgis]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998691|Farah Mohamed Farah]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998695|Faris Delil Yesuf]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998697|Fathi Mahdi Wezir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998699|Fato Ismo Beriso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998702|Fatuma Ali Ibrahim]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998705|Faysal Odwa Abdi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998708|Fekadu Mosisa Gemeda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998712|Fekadu Tulu Ketema]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998715|Ferida Shemsedin Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998717|Fetiya Ahmed Abrahim]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998720|Fetiya Ahmed Shire]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998723|Feyid Sherab Sherif]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998724|Fikadu Bedilu Bolja]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998727|Fikadu Gawshalo Memo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998732|Fikadu Mengistu Ashemi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998735|Fikir Abay Anawt]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998738|Fikru Werku Birshe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998742|Firew Tesfaye Odayte]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998743|Fisaha W/Senbet Tegegn]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998748|Fraol Udessa Gelchu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998749|Fuad Abafita Ababulgo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998751|Gashaw Dagnew Lakew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998753|Gashayalew Gala Galada]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998756|Gelane Bikila Woyecha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998758|Genet Abraham Yayu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998760|Genet Bete Gerawork]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998762|Genet Ketema Bekele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998766|Genet Waqgari Fitie]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998769|Geremu Huluka Amanu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998771|Getahun Limenh Abegaz]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998773|Getnet Tadele Tefera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998776|Gezu Manaye Chakol]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998778|Goiti Wancho Oke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998780|Gudeta Belelcha Sefisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998782|Gusha Balko Birbirsa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998784|Habtamu Tegegne Destaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998786|Habtemariam Mekonnen Ali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998788|Haji Kedir Abdule]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998790|Halimo Hassen Mohamed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998792|Hamedu Geas Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998794|Hangasa Ahmed Ibrahim]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998796|Haregwoin Yimer Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998798|Hasen Shek Yusuf Abadulai]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998800|Hasna Hanfere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998801|Hassan Muhamed Moali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998804|Hassen Abdi Wali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998807|Hayat Yusuf Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998809|Hayelo Gunefa Edosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998811|Helina Akelew Tadesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998814|Hirut Kassaw Wondim]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998817|Hirut W/Mariam Teketel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998819|Hiwot Mossisa Deresse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998820|Ibrahim Umar Aliyi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998822|Ibsa Yusuf Hassan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998824|Ifrah Towfik Aden]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998825|Ikram Maid Adan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998830|Illubabor Buno Tesso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998834|Ishetu Gelan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998837|Iyasu Salah Ganjura]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998840|Jamal Ali Mumi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998842|Jemal Abaso Ebu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998843|Jemal Abegaz Adem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998846|Jemanesh W/Michael Wege]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998849|Jember Ayalneh Biru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998851|Jhon Amhed Abamilki]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998854|Jihad Nasser Abdu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998857|Juhar Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998860|Kaba Mebratu Dagne]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998864|Kairedin Tezera Adera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998867|Kalid Aba Mecha Haji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998874|Kamil Aliy Kasim]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998875|Kamil Shemsu Siraj]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998877|Kasahun Jobir Gudeta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998880|Kebede Genet Feyisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998884|Kedir Adam Arero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998887|Kedir Edris Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998889|Kedir Gena Abdulkadir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998892|Kedja Yassin Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998895|Kefena Ifa Delesa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998898|Kemal Hashi Mohamoud]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998901|Kibnesh Shiferaw Robe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998903|Kidist Araya Tasew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998906|Kidist G/Hana Mirgoye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998909|Kimia Jundi Hamdo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998912|Kindiya Aycheluhm Atalay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998915|Kocheto G/Yesus Deneto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998919|Kumaale Gadisa Obse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998922|Latifa A/Temam A/Gisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998924|Lema Abera Hirpo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998928|Lema Tessema Yimere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998931|Lencho Ayala Bati]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998933|Leta Tesfaye Jule]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998936|Letifa A/Sambi A/Gojam]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998942|Lidia Chali Argeta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998946|Lobele Yhirano Baskwa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998952|Lubaba Ibrahim Hassen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998953|Lubaba Seyidi Legasi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998956|Maeza Asmare Abtew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998959|Magartu Mohammed Aman]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998961|Mahatme Haile Workeneh]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998964|Mamo Esmealem Mihretu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998967|Marta Liwji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998970|Martha Lema Tulu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998973|Mastewal Mekonen Siyeneh]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998977|Matema Mīka Galito]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998980|Meaza Assefa Ergete]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998982|Meaza Tigabe Alemu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998985|Mebrat Bacha Wakjira]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998987|Mekdes Desta Jagare]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998988|Melaku Fenta Chay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998990|Melese Mana Gemeso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998992|Melkias Ayele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998994|Merdia Aman Guye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998996|Meselech Kewiso Kaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131998998|Meseret Assefa Godana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999000|Meseret Haile Masresha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999002|Meseret Madole Ebo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999003|Meseret Mamo Gamuro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999005|Meseret Mola Kassahun]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999008|Meseret Shiferaw Yadete]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999009|Meseret Zelalem Tadesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999012|Mesfin Dagna Tafesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999016|Mesfin Erkabe Mirach]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999019|Meskerem Hailu Alula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999022|Miraj Zekiyi Jemal]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999025|Miretu Shanko Gidi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999028|Misganu Arga Mo'Och]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999029|Mitiknesh Cheleke Atsero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999032|Moga Ababulgu Abakebe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999035|Moges Balcha Gebremedhin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999037|Mohamed Musse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999040|Mohammed Ahmed Aliye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999044|Mohammed Ahmed Musa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999048|Mohammed Hassan Abu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999052|Mohammed Mohammedkemal Ali Al-Arusi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999053|Mohammed Shikur Mussa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999056|Mohamud Yusuf Mealin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999058|Mohmmednur Ahmed Musa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999061|Molla Feleke Desta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999063|Mubarek Elias Mustefa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999065|Mulat Telayneh Asrate]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999068|Mulu Yirga Sahele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999071|Muluken Admasu Emru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999074|Muluken Assefa Jenebere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999077|Mulunesh Lamore Ushe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999080|Muna Ali Yassin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999082|Munira Hussen Hassen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999084|Muslim Rashid A / Gidi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999086|Najaha Ahmed Abdullahi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999089|Nebiyat Tilahun Chaemiso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999092|Nefisa Almahadi Alakib]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999095|Negash Bulala Abawalta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999098|Negasse Bayissa Dubiwak]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999101|Negeri Lencho Bultum]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999104|Neima Usman Adem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999108|Nejat Girma Waqjira]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999111|Nejet Andorso Adem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999112|Nemera Gebeyehu Mamo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999115|Nesredin Abduelmusin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999118|Nezif Zinab A/Lulessa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999120|Nikuse Mituku Gelaw]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999123|Nurzeman Jibril Negewo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999125|Qasim Kimo Kebelo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999128|Rahel Negero Gutu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999131|Rahmet Awel Mohammed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999134|Rosa Omar Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999138|Ruqiya Ali Kewo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999140|Ruqiya Argo Wariyo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999142|Sadik Adem Umer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999152|Sadiya Aman Gerado]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999158|Sadiya Temam Shifa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999165|Sadiya Usman Sheka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999170|Sahlu Diribsa Mosisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999173|Samira Yusuf Ibro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999176|Samuel Urkato Kurke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999179|Seharla Abdulahi Bahdon]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999182|Seid Nuru Ali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999184|Selamwit Dawit Kamase]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999188|Seleshi Bekele Awlachew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999191|Senait Asradew Kokebe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999194|Sewasewi Tizazu Abate]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999198|Seyid Mohammed Hussein]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999203|Shifera Telila Senbetu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999206|Shumi Ayano Guto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999209|Shurube Gemedi Nuna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999212|Simneshi Sahlu Teum]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999216|Sintayehu Tilahun Abebe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999221|Sintayehu Woldemichael Yohannes]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999223|Siti Redwan Biza]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999227|Solomon Kuchu Robi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999231|Solomon Soka Ginyarita]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999236|Solomone Lale Kalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999239|Sosna Getahun Azene]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999244|Sultan Ibrahim Abagisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999248|Sumiya Desalew Mola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999252|Suwerk Tafese Goshu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999256|Tadele Buraka Bushasha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999259|Tadesse Beza Gebretsadik]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999262|Tadesse Getu Alemu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999266|Tafesse Muleta Tesso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999269|Tagese Chafo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999272|Talef Fitihawek Endeshaw]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999275|Tana Gobena Fufa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999278|Tarke Daba Bobo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999282|Tawfik Abdullahi Ahmed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999286|Tegene Regassa Luba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999290|Temesgen Ambachew Biresaw]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999295|Tesfahun Bogale Jember]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999299|Tesfahun Simegn Kebede]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999304|Tesfahun Sisay Mengistu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999308|Tesfanesh Tefera Asres]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999312|Tesfanesh W/Mariam Angi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999315|Tesfatsion Shuka Gadana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999319|Tesfaye Bangu Kacho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999324|Tesfaye Beljige Dara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999327|Teshome Abdo Segni]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999331|Teshome Wale Gesesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999334|Tewachew Abebe Yimer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999339|Tewbo Mihereit Molla]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999343|Thomas Tut Pok]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999348|Tia Mio Arsawa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999352|Tidenek Guldu Tsedeke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999355|Tigist Wuhib Tsega]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999359|Tilahun Tamirat Mulu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999363|Tiruaynet Temesgen Ayalew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999366|Tola Hailu Hunde]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999370|Tseganesh Gamato Gamo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999376|Tsehay Bekele Tafesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999380|Tsehaynesh Gebre W / Michael]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999384|Tsige Denboba Ayano]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999387|Ume Abdela Umer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999391|Usame Mohamed Muhumad]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999394|Usheto Hobicho Dabelo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999398|Usman Surur Siraj]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999401|Werkinesh Jemal Asfaw]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999404|Werknesh Biru Bedasa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999408|Werksemu Mamo Mekonnen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999412|Woldeyes Debebe Delki]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999417|Wondwosen Admase Tadesse]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999421|Worknesh Mohammed Hebiso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999425|Wubete Tadege Nibret]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999429|Wudalat Minwuye Bayih]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999432|Yasmin Wehabrebi Seid]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999436|Yemengist Tsegaw Walelign]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999439|Yeshi Muka Wakaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999443|Yeshihasab Tsegaw Welelaw]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999446|Yeshimebet Demise Sewagegnehu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999449|Yeshimebrat Mersha Kasa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999452|Yezibalem Kasse Yismaw]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999455|Yezina Mulati Zeleke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999458|Yiftu Gudisa Oshko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999461|Yineger Dessie Belay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999463|Yohannis Mesfin Gebeyehu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999465|Zamzam Ahmed Jama]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999466|Zara Biftu Nabi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999469|Zara Mohammed Adana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999474|Zegeye Muluye Asres]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999477|Zeineba Nura Bati]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999481|Zekarias Erekola Yimamo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999485|Zelalem Melak Bogale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999490|Zelalem Tadesse Ayalew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999494|Zemene Hailu Mekonnen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999496|Zemu Tesfaye Bendi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999500|Zeritu Shiferaw Beyene]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999504|Zewdenesh Tulu Gashe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999507|Zewdu Tadesse Wondimkun]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999511|Zeyini Abose]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999515|Zinash Tsegaye Kalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999520|Zinaye Negash Zemedu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999524|Zadig Abreha Sharew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999528|Wondimu Tekle Sigo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999531|Eyasu Elias Fantahun]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999535|Asiya Qabdulkadir Barakat]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999540|Binalf Andualem Ashenafi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999547|Bifto Mohammed Ibro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999551|Ababuu Damissee Kaamsuur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999555|Jamiilaa Simbiruu Tusaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999560|Shurrubbee Gammadii Nunaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999564|Miiliyoon Baqqalaa Damissee]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999569|Obbo Guutaa Laachoree Caakkee]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999573|Galaasaa Dilboo Goljaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999575|Kuulanii Mahammad Abdullaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999579|Itoophiyaa Shaambal Damboobaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999583|Wogee Kufaa Buutee]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999586|Adaalee Odaa Tooduwaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999590|Umer Huseen Obaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999594|Warquu Gaachanaa Nagarraa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999597|Shisema Gebresilassie Weranga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999599|Eshetu Kebede Gichoro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999605|Gebeynesh Gizaw Yebo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999608|Eyasu Kasa Ganjula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999611|Alesa Mengesha Boko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999614|Terefe Tadesse Godi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999617|Redwan Hussien Rameto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999620|Tigist Tadele Atenafu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999624|Teshome Toga Cheneka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999627|Genene Gedebu Feleha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999630|Million Mathewos Korsisa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999633|Geremew Garj Gidabo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999636|Tiratu Beyene Biltu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999639|Desalegn Misa Wallasa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999642|Selamu Bulado Bukana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999644|Bekele Fole Sare]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999647|Tekleweled Atnafu Ambula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999650|Goyeti Wancho Ayke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999653|Wendemu Girma Tamrasha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999657|Ahmed Shide Mohamed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999659|Halimo Mahamed Abdi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131999661|Guled Ahmed Ali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141412066|Fayima Jamal Abbamacca]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>hcutzbcalehu1b412ux5pzxby0cuu1z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Malawi</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66724</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636047</id>
      <parentid>635900</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-11T12:37:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636047</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28814" sha1="cjj5o07q82mvcpxu51k0wlju4niontr" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a member of the National Assembly of Malawi who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295990 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21295990/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295990/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295990/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[Joyce Banda]]
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009&lt;br/&gt;2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joyce Banda Department for International Development photo crop.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4477067|Khumbo Kachali]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Khumbo-kachali1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4662402|Aaron Sangala]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4693103|Agnes Penemulungu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4714730|Aleke Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aleke Banda (crop1).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4762593|Angela Zachepa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4765557|Anita Kalinde]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4767130|Anna Kachikho]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2009&lt;br/&gt;2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mrs. Anna Kachikho (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4823200|Austin Muluzi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Atupele Muluzi 2025 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4875246|Bazuka Mhango]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4912820|Billy Kaunda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5022768|Callista Chimombo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Callista Chimombo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5052586|Catherine Chipembere]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Catherine (Ajizinga) Chipembere 1950s (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5052701|Catherine Gotani Hara]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009&lt;br/&gt;2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Catherine Gotani Hara at the U.S. Embassy (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5099300|Chimango Mughogho]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5099455|Chimunthu Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:H.F. Chimunthu Banda (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5232353|David Chiwanga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5241922|Davis Katsonga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Davis Katsonga 2006 (profile).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5277990|Dindi Gowa Nyasulu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5296903|Donton Samuel Mkandawire]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5379277|Enoch Chihana]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5382250|Ephraim Chiume]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ephraim Mganda Chiume - 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5409759|Eunice Kazembe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Eunice Kazembe in New Delhi on March 15, 2010 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5534573|Geoffrey Du Mhango]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5537823|George Chaponda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:George Chaponda 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5672821|Harry Thomson]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 2019-06-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5720163|Henry Dama Phoya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5984656|Ibrahim Matola]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6170933|Jean Kalilani]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2009
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jean Kalilani 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6187716|Jessie Kabwila-Kapasula]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jessie Kabwila in 2017 (sq cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6211102|Joe Manduwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6390741|Kenneth Thindwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6429058|Kondwani Nakhumwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6547705|Lilian Patel]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;1994&lt;br/&gt;2004&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Foreign Minister Lilian Estella Patel (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6692314|Loveness Gondwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6697476|Lucius Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6754140|Mapopa Chipeta]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 1999
| [[Fáìlì:Mapopa O.J. Chipeta (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759847|Margaret Roka Mauwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6963035|Nancy Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019&lt;br/&gt;2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nancy Tembo UNFCCC Glasgow Climate Dialogues.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6967325|Nasrin Pillane]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6967631|Nasser Kara]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7109043|Otria Moyo Jere]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7145664|Patricia Kaliati]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2009&lt;br/&gt;2004&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Patricia Kaliati (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7145836|Patricia Shanil Muluzi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 2024-06-10
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7287727|Ralph Jooma]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7306925|Reen Kachere]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Reen Kachere (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7412241|Samuel Mpasu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16116111|Theresa Gloria Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Theresa Mwale 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16216577|Sosten Gwengwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2017-10-17
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sosten Gwengwe 2013 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16731106|Moses Kunkuyu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moses Kunkuyu 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733055|Henry Mussa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Henry Mussa (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17037425|Friday Jumbe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon- Friday Anderson Jumbe 2014-06-21 14-39.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17285561|Gertrude Maseko]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Gertrude Maseko.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18390332|Richard Msowoya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20731772|Colin Cameron]]''
| 
| [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Colin Cameron lawyer and Malawian minister.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29982289|Grace Chiumia]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q40039690|Francis Kasaila]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Francis Kasaila 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779063|Aboo Naliwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779418|Abubakar M'baya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779442|Adbul Gaffar]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779467|Aggrey Masi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779486|Agness Nyalonje]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon Agnes Nyalonje Minister for Education via Zoom (sq cropped).png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779512|Aisha Adams]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aisha Mambo-Adams (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779534|Akajuwe Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779554|Alekeni Menyani]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779582|Alex Chitete]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779603|Alex Major]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779624|Alexander Dzonzi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779646|Alice Ngoma]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779667|Allan Ngumuya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779688|Amon Nkhata]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779701|Amos Mailosi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779717|Angie Kaliati]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779733|Assan Lipande]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779759|Baudeni Mtonga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779780|Beatrice Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable Beatrice Roseby Mwale MP in Malawi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779804|Benedicto Chambo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779828|Bon Kalindo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779853|Bonex Malunga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779875|Boniface Kadzamira]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779894|Canaan Kaphamtengo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779916|Cecilia Chazama]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779939|Charles Tikhiwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779958|Charles Mchacha]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45779982|Chizamsoka Mulwafu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780004|Chrissy Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780029|Christopher Mnyenyembe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780053|Clarke Lowe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780072|Clement Mukumbwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780095|Clement Mlombwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780116|Collings Kajawa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780134|Commodius Nyirenda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780157|Damson Chimalira]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780179|Daniel Chiwere]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780202|Daudi Chida]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780220|David Bisnowaty]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780239|David Lally]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780254|Davies Kadzinja]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780268|Dennis Namachekecha]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780291|Deus Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780313|Divelias Zaipa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780336|Allan Chiyembekeza]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780352|Clement Chiwaya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780367|Elias Chakwera]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780387|Emmanuel Fabiano]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ministerial Roundtable LDCs and Business Executive (30597140897).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780403|Francis Mkungula]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780444|Joseph Malunga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780487|Patrick Makina]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780507|Peter Kumpalume]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780531|Uladi Mussa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780554|Edmans Kaduya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780575|Elias Kamanga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780599|Emily Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable Emily Phiri MP (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780622|Emmanuel Lozo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780638|Enock Luka]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780661|Enoss Chitatanga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780678|Ernest Yahaya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780692|Esther Jolobala]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780707|Esther Mcheka-Chilenje]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780722|Everson Makowa-Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780744|Everton Chimulirenji]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Everton Chimulirenji.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780763|Ezekiel Ching'oma]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780788|Felix Jumbe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780812|Felton Mulli]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780836|Filipo Chinkhondo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780880|Francis Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780901|Francis Billiati]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780924|Frank Mapondo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780944|Frank Mphande]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780971|Frank Mwenifumbo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45780997|Gabu Khamisa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781016|Geoffrey Chiwondo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781040|George Kamwanja]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781060|Godfrey Mnkhondya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781080|Godwin Kanjere]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781099|Grant Ndecha]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781124|Grezelder Jeffrey]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781150|Harry Mkandawire]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781169|Harry Chipeni]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781189|Henry Shaba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781210|Horace Chipuwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781228|Idi Kalosi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781249|Ilyas Karim]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781265|Jacob Hara]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781283|Jacqueline Kouwenhoven]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781300|James Kamwambi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781321|James Munthali]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781339|Jappie Mhango]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781358|Jephter Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781379|John Chikalimba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781398|Joseph Mwanamvekha]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781413|Joseph Njobvuyalema]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781438|Juliana Lunguzi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 2019
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781461|Justin Majawa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781481|Kamlepo Kalua]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781496|Kassim Liguluwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781515|Kayo Zimchetera]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781532|Kennedy Maluwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781556|Kennedy Kachingwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781572|Khumbize Chiponda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Khumbize Chiponda, Malawi Minister of Health, speaks at the opening of the World Cancer Day 2024 at the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna, Austria on 1 February 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781588|Langton Kamwendo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781611|Leonard Njikho]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781626|Lingson Belekanyama]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 2021-01-12
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781650|Lloyd Malola]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781675|Lyana Tambala]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781700|Mac Salijeni]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781716|Madalitso Kazombo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Madalitso Kazombo at the SMP 2020 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781733|Mahomed Osman]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781753|Malani Mtonga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781774|Maquenda Chunga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781791|Mark Botomani]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781810|Marko Ching'onga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781830|Martha Lunji]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781850|Mary Mpanga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781872|Mary Maulidi Khembo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable Mary Maulidi Khembo MP in Malawi 45.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Màríà Navicha]]
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mary Navicha visiting Edinburgh City Chambers hosted by Scotland Malawi Partnership 2 March 2026.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781912|Maxwell Thyolera]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781929|Mussa Kapichira]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781951|Mwai Kamuyambeni]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781963|Naomi Kilekwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45781980|Noah Chimpeni]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782004|Noel Masangwi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782025|Olipa Chimangeni]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782054|Olipa Chiluba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782075|Patricia Kainga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782101|Patricia Mkanda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782141|Patrick Themu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782154|Patrick Chilondola]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782169|Paul Chibingu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782180|Pemba Msusa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782198|Peter Chakhwantha]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782216|Peter Dimba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782235|Peter Bvalani]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782245|Peter Mazizi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782265|Peter Chalera]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782278|Rabson Shaba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782298|Rachael Zulu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20&lt;br/&gt;2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782317|Raphael Mhone]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782334|Christopher Ngwira]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782354|Malison Ndau]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136513486|Mwalone Jangiya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 2014
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136539393|Stella Warren]]''
| 
| 
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136661938|Annie Namani Chibwana]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136812809|Milliam Jekapu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137261326|Khadija Chunga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable Khadijah Leah Chunga MP in Malawi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137325478|Mutani Tambala]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137383306|Rhita Sanga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137829126|Aida Mchenga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137829391|Phoebe Chikaonda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable MP Phoebe Chiku Chikaonda (2 3 cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139718480|Gloria Ireen Ntopi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q140775383|Marium Ajida]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable Mariums Ajida MP in Malawi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782371|Wilson Ndomondo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782388|Rhino Chiphiko]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782405|Richard Chimwendo-Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Richard Chimwendo Banda (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782421|Rodger Sithole]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782440|Rodrick Khumbanyiwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782465|Sam Kawale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782484|Shaibu Kaliati]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782504|Susan Ndalama]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782531|Themba Mkandawire]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782546|Thomson Kamangira]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782568|Timothy Solomoni]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782584|Trasizio Gowelo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782608|Vasco Chimbalu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782628|Victor Musowa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782649|Victor Mbewe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782674|Vincent Ghambi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782694|Vitus Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782719|Wallace Chawawa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782743|Watson Ngozo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782760|Werani Chilenga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782778|Willard Gwengwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782793|Willet Karonga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782819|William Kalima]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782837|Yaumi Mpaweni]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45782850|Zaheer Issa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45787935|Sam S. Ganda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 2017-05-16
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45787953|Bentry Namasasu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 2017-03-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45787968|Highton L. Jiya]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2014-05-20
| 2017-01-02
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45789819|Lawrence Sitolo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2017-10-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45789837|Ulemu Msungama]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2017-10-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60198059|Michael Hill Blackwood]]''
| 
| [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]
| 1966
| 1973
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104794304|Edda Ella Chitalo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106423215|Jacquiline Chikuta]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 2021-01-27
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109729497|Nancy Chaola Mdooko]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109729519|Jean Muonaowauza Sendeza]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009&lt;br/&gt;2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jean Sendeza 2025.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110732685|Monica Chang’anamuno]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123694802|Annie Lemani]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131561998|Roseby Gadama]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Roseby Gadama MP on Malawi Parliamentary Women’s Caucus (sq cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131605225|Abigail Shariff]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131725522|Lonnie Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lonnie Chijere Phiri Chairing the Parliamentary Women's Caucus (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131785023|Ireen Mambala]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132124939|Esther Kathumba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133294441|Ebbie Mathanda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133521589|Wezzie Gondwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2019
| 2021-09-01
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133972260|Janet Longwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1968
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133972447|Kate Kainja]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994&lt;br/&gt;2004&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134004357|Christina Chiwoko]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134005678|M. M. Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134005722|Lillian Kapanda Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134005779|L. M. Changwamnjira]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134008495|Margaret Perpetual Maimba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134008585|Alice Sumani]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134008607|Lizzie Lossa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1994
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134037250|Grenner Nkhata]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134038049|Mandebvu Agness Chatipwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ntchisi District Hospital hosts Agnes Mandebvu Chatipwa (2 3 cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134038686|Deriah Kankhwani]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134039924|Ellen Thokozani Solomon Chisale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134040754|Maureen Katani Bondo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134041510|Hyacinta Palingana Chikaonda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134042481|Olivia Anita Thundu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134051543|Jenipher Deborah Chilunga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134052645|Grace Zinenani Maseko]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134052737|Joyce Azizi Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134052907|Philomena Mononga Kasambwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053064|Juliana Nanyoni Mphande]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053113|Eunice Napolo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053130|Bernadetta Mlaka Maliro]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053140|Gladys Benson Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053162|Vera Chilewani Faramenga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2009
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053214|Elizabeth Aipiran]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053228|Ettinor Pamela Koloviko]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053233|Angela Kachepa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053276|Bertha Masiku]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053295|Juliana Josephine Guga]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053301|Trifonia Dafter]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053307|Inna Mezalumo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053319|Olive Masanza]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053398|Elvey Kalonga-Mtafu]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134053446|Gertrude Andilimbira Kamange Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134068546|Alice Ntodwa Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134069664|Marjorie Ngaunje]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134070095|Joyce Chiyendausiku Ng'oma]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134136431|Papano Patricia Mwafulirwa]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134136950|Gertrude Nya Mkandawire]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134297272|Honesta Msola]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134297371|Elizabeth Talumba Kumakanga Lamba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134300865|Mary Kaphwereza Banda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134301185|Martha Nasho]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134301821|Anne Mary Fletcher]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1999
| 2004
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134301856|Gillian Loveness Mulombe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134302067|Lizzy Alpha Mpinganjira]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136341089|Margaret Ali]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136432145|Florence Shapiro Khimbi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable Florence Shapiro Khimbi MP in Malawi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136434490|Faless Debrah Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honourable MP in Malawi Falesi Debrah Moyo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136434673|Catherine Mzumara]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Catherine Mzumara in the video 'African women transforming food systems'.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136438286|Madalitso Chidumu  Baloyi]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Madalitso Baloyi in 2024 at Ndodani village (sq cropped).png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136439458|Mines Ng'oma]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136439603|Martha Munthali]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136446086|Dorothy Chikonje]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136483776|Tiaone Hendry]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2025-09-16
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>cjj5o07q82mvcpxu51k0wlju4niontr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66770</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636077</id>
      <parentid>635914</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T00:14:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636077</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14311" sha1="04rligk8udf2ftuyui8cfaqlkf3isms" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q53570068 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q53570068/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q53570068/P580:Start date,P39/Q53570068/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
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{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q366385|Dominic Dim Deng]]''
| 
| [[Sudan]]
| 2005
| 2008
| [[Fáìlì:Dominic Dim Deng.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q444994|Riek Machar]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Riek Machar VOA photo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q509205|Jimmy Lemi Milla]]''
| 
| [[Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4693074|Agnes Kwaje Lasuba]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4772949|Anthony Lino Makana]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Anthony Lino Makana, December 2017 (5122) (cropped2).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4861322|Barnaba Marial Benjamin]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Barnaba Marial Benjamin.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4893553|Nhial Deng Nhial]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nhial Deng Nhial (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4898942|Betty Ogwaro]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Betty Ogwaro (cropped).JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5232921|David Deng Athorbie]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6145116|James Wani Igga]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:James Wani Igga (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6701644|Luka Tombekana Monoja]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6728866|Madut Biar Yel]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6832462|Michael Makue Loweth]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7152291|Paul Mayom Akech]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7782314|Theophilus Ochang]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7811843|Toby Maduot Parek]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11046276|James Kok Ruea]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12748065|Awut Deng Acuil]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Awut Deng Acuil.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16145815|Daniel Awet Akot]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22278470|Juma Ali Malou]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23806325|Arkangelo Bari Wanji]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104687952|Abuk Payiti Ayik]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112316504|Manasseh Magok Rundial]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112325756|Philip Thon Leek]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525534|Abuk Malual Aken]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525538|Achol Barouk Akasha]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525552|Adeng Leek Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525554|Agyou Agyou Thiep]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525555|Akon Bol Akok]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525556|Akon Diang Athian]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525558|Akot Dau Niyok]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525559|Akuot Deng Kawal]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525561|Aleu Ayieny Aleu]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525563|Alfred Wol Acwal]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525565|Andrew Okong Ayom]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525566|Angelina Nyamouka Magoun]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525568|Angelo Lokinga Lohita]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525570|Angoryang Mark Loifidi]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525572|Arop Madut Arop]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525573|Asha Abboz Akuei]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525577|Aya Janet Alex]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525578|Bangout Amum Okiech]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525579|Barnardo Kpasira Martin]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525581|Bataria Mirror Maker]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525582|Beatrice Aber Samson]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525584|Bellario Ahoy Ngong]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525587|Benjamin Malek Alier]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525588|Bidali Moses Onesimo]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525590|Bul Andrea Cosmas]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525593|Charles Majak Alier]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525595|Charles Wello Onyony]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525597|Daniel Deng Monydit]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525599|David Gai Chan]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525601|David Nailo Mayo]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525602|David Okuer Akwany]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525603|David Unyo Demey]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525604|David Yien Bilieth]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525606|Debora Ajok Garang]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525608|Deng Dau Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525609|Dengtiel A. Kur]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525611|Dousman Joyce James]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525613|Elias Mathuc]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525614|Elizabeth Adut Mel]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525616|Elizabeth Nyaluac Tap]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525618|Elizabeth Nyawac Chol]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525620|Emelia Aluel Bol]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525622|Fatima Nyawang Biliu]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525624|Festo Faustino Kumba]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525625|Francis Lokurnyang Angou]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525626|Gadwani Lopuke Cormoi]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525627|Garang Deng Akong]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525629|Gathuak Riak Jak]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525631|Gatwech Lam Puoch]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525632|George Costa Faustino]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525634|Gier Chuang Aluong]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525636|Gordon Matot Tut]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525638|Grace Amo Alex]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525640|Henry Dilah Odwar]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525641|Henry Omai Akolawin]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525643|Henry Stephen Danga]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525645|Ismail Mathew Mukhter]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525647|Jacob Dau Kuol]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525648|James Gatkur Wishierbal]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525649|James Janka Duku]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525650|James Kueth Chol]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525653|James Lual Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525655|James Reat Gony]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525657|Jasmine Samuel Adakayi]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525659|John Chol Machar]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525660|John Ivo Mounto]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525662|John Jok Chol]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525664|Josephine Napwon Cosmos]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525665|Joy Kwaje Eluzai]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525667|Julius Ajeo Moilinga]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525671|Juma Amiro Dobo]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525672|June Malek Kur]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525673|Kom Kom Geng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525674|Kong Dak Jishlive]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525676|Kornelio Mawien Dhor]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525678|Kuany Ayom Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525680|Kuony War Jok]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525681|Kuot Deng Kuot]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525793|Kur Akol Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525795|Kutin Bayak Gil]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525797|Listisia Ihure Santino]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525799|Lucy Iyaya Loki]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525801|Machok Majong Jong]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525802|Madalena Pita Emilion]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525804|Majok Dut Muorwel]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525805|Majok Yak Majok]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525806|Maker Deng Malou]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525808|Mark Lotede Lowi]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525809|Mark Nyipouch Ubong]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525811|Martha Akuany Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525813|Martha Atong Mansor]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525815|Martha Ayuek Yac]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525817|Martha Martin Dak]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525819|Martin Ohuro Okeruk]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525820|Mary Atong Bak]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525822|Mary Bicensio Wani]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525824|Mary Kiden Enoka]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525826|Mary Kiden Kimbo]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525827|Mary Nawai Martin]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525828|Mary Nyaulang Ret]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525829|Mary Puru Michael]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525831|Mary Rero Jwac]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525832|Mat Ron War Roy]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525833|Mathew Mathiang Deang]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525835|Mel Wal Achien Yor]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525837|Michael Muot Dieu]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525839|Mohammed Ahmed Musa]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525841|Monica Ayen Maguat]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525843|Negere Joseph Paciko]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525845|Ngong Deng Gum]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525847|Nibol Daniel Dhieu]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525848|Nyachut Arok]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525850|Nyalok Tiong Gatluak]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525851|Nyanyang Lok Rich]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525852|Nyibol Bol Matip]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525854|Ohidei Victor Omuho]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525855|Onyoti Adigo Nyikwac]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525856|Parmena Awerial Along]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525858|Pascal Bandindi Uru]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525860|Paul Logale Jumi]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525864|Paulino Laku Kedia]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525865|Peter Bashir Gbandi]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525867|Peter Longole Kuam]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525869|Ramadan El Amin]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525871|Rebecca Atuet Makuet]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525873|Rejoice Bauda Simon]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525874|Remijo Lasu Peter]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525875|Richard K. Mulla]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525877|Riek Maniel Ayuel]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525878|Ruai Kuol Jal]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525879|Samuel Aban Achin]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525881|Samuel Duwar Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525883|Sebur John Mansuk]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525885|Simon Deng Duang]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525887|Simon Malual Deng]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525888|Stephen Ajongo Akol]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525890|Suzan Wasuk Sokiri]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525894|Timothy Taban Tuch]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525896|Timothy Tut Chuol]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525897|Tongun Lado Rombek]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525898|Tulio Odongi Ayahus]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525900|Umjuma Juma Sabil]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525901|Victoria Adhar Arop]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525902|Vosca Martin Kumbori]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525904|Weu Kong Koyang]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112525906|Zakaria Matur Makuer]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Sudan]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Zakaria Matur Makuer.png|center|128px]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>04rligk8udf2ftuyui8cfaqlkf3isms</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Presidents of Tanzania</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66776</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636067</id>
      <parentid>622567</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-11T18:27:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636067</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1474" sha1="az03kukmrz8581uxleodsmeuvlqjgc1" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a President of Tanzania who was President twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q7241291 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q7241291/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q7241291/P580:Start date,P39/Q7241291/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[Jakaya Kikwete]]
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 2005-12-21
| 2015-11-05
| [[Fáìlì:Jakaya Kikwete.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Julius Nyerere]]
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 1964-10-29
| 1985-11-05
| [[Fáìlì:President Nyerere van Tanzania, koppen, Bestanddeelnr 928-2879 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Benjamin Mkapa]]
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 1995-11-23
| 2005-12-21
| [[Fáìlì:Benjamin Mkapa 2010-05-07.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ali Hassan Mwinyi]]
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 1985-11-05
| 1995-11-23
| [[Fáìlì:Ali Hassan Mwinyi 2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[John Magufuli]]
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 2015-11-05
| 2021-03-17
| [[Fáìlì:John Magufuli 2015.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16193885|Samia Suluhu Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3843701|Makunduchi]]''
| 2021-03-19
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Samia Suluhu at the XXIX St Petersburg International Economic Forum - 2026 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>az03kukmrz8581uxleodsmeuvlqjgc1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People of Tunisia</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66782</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636081</id>
      <parentid>635919</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T04:30:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636081</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30620" sha1="0j134mc33svz49x1oxlcvbin7qs5mrz" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People of Tunisia who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q29169698 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q29169698/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q29169698/P580:Start date,P39/Q29169698/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q281184|Ali Laarayedh]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:AliLarayedhpicture.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q668526|Noureddine Bhiri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Noureddine Bhiri.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821016|Abdelfattah Mourou]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:CroppedMourou.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821154|Abdellatif Mekki]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Abdellatif Mekki.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821275|Abderrazak Cherait]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2836146|Ali Ben Salem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2836158|Ali Bennour]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Ali Bennour, Sayada, 23 mars 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842788|Amer Larayedh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Amer Laarayedh.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2947600|Chahida Ben Fraj Bouraoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:ChahidaFraj-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125673|Hafedh Zouari]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3196141|Khemais Ksila]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Khmaies Ksila.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3218481|Latifa Habachi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Latifa Habachi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3220051|Lazhar Akremi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-02-20
| [[Fáìlì:Lazher Akermi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3304538|Meherzia Labidi Maïza]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-01-22
| [[Fáìlì:Meherzia Labidi Maiza.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318419|Mohamed Ben Salem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:MohamedBenSalemANC2011.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318530|Mohamed Ennaceur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Ennaceur.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318553|Mohamed Frikha]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Frikha CandidatEnnahda 2014.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3320447|Moncef Sellami]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:SellamiCoupeTunisieFootball2009Rades.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461533|Sahbi Atigue]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:SahbiAtigpicture.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3470837|Samir Dilou]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Dilou.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3486675|Slim Besbes]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:SlimBesbesSep2014.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3571481|Yamina Zoghlami]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Yamina Zoghlami Cropped.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3571955|Yassine Brahim]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Fránsì]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-02-20
| [[Fáìlì:CroppedYassineBrahim.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7961932|Walid Bennani]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Walid Bennani.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10514449|Mehdi Ben Gharbia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02&lt;br/&gt;2019-11-13
| 2016-09-16&lt;br/&gt;2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitMehdiBenGharbia Jan2014 01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10591389|Iyed Dahmani]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2016-09-16
| [[Fáìlì:IyedDahmani.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11775942|Salem Labiadh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Salem Labiedh.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12251558|Yassine Ayari]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2018-02-07&lt;br/&gt;2019-11-13
| 2019-11-13&lt;br/&gt;2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Yassine Ayari, The Munathara Initiative - Feb 3, 2020.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12352837|Nadhir Ben Ammou]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Nadhir Ben ammou.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12886365|Imed Daïmi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Fránsì]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Imed Daimi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14182276|Touhami Abdouli]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-02-20
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitTouhamiAbdouliJan2012 01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16027791|Farida Labidi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitFaridaLabidi2013 01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16128314|Samia Abbou]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Samia Abbou, Nawaat capture 19 novembre 2015.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16185697|Mongi Rahoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:MongiRahoui.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16642407|Houcine Jaziri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Houcine Jaziri.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16666126|Naoufel Jammali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitNaoufelJammali Sep2014.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17007718|Zied Lakhdhar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Ziad Lakhdhar.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19285470|Mbarka Aouania]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mbarka Aouania (02), FSM, Tunis 25 mars 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19345818|Selma Elloumi Rekik]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-02-20
| [[Fáìlì:Selma elloumi rekik.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19346113|Khaoula Ben Aicha]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Khawla Ben Aicha.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19346156|Ons Hattab]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19346167|Ibtihej Ben Helal]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19346186|Hela Omrane]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:HelaOmrane-Sayada-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19543800|Souhail Alouini]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:SouhailAlouini-Février2015.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19544687|Sabrine Goubantini]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| [[Bochra Belhaj Hmida]]
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Bochra Belhaj Hmida, Nawaat, 2 décembre 2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19951842|Faouzia Ben Fodha]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Faouzia Ben Fodha - Présidents de l'ARP, Tunisie, capture de Nawaat (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19955807|Noomane Fehri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-02-20
| [[Fáìlì:Noomane Fehri 2 (cropped).JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20851199|Jihen Aouichi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20961773|Ridha Charfeddine]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Ridha Charfedddine, Nawaat, 2 décembre 2014 (01) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21084499|Boutheina Ben Yaghlane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-02-20
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitBoutheinaBenYaghlaneSep2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21091626|Nawel Tayech]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21511555|Ghazi Chaouachi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2020-02-27
| [[Fáìlì:Ghazi chaouachi.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21606879|Noomane El Euch]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22930198|Fathi Ayadi]]''
| 
| 
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22934436|Hamdi Guezguez]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-07-22
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23073234|Rim Mahjoub]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Rym mahjoub.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23109390|Oussama Essghaier]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Oussama Essghaier.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25451738|Hayet Omri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Hayat omri.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25452581|Lajmi Lourimi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Ajmi Lourimi ANC.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25453450|Sayida Ounissi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02&lt;br/&gt;2019-11-13
| 2016-09-16&lt;br/&gt;2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Sayda Ounissi, member of Ennahdha.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27758476|Khaled Chouket]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2016-02-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28045699|Karima Taggaz]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2016-09-16
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Karima Taggaz photo2 كريمة التقاز.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28055867|Aroua Ben Abbas]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitArouaBenAbbas Sep2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28055870|Badreddine Abdelkefi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28465976|Jamila Ksiksi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2022-03-30
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitJamilaDebbechKsiksiSep2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28530089|Sana Mersni]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28716311|Habib Khedher]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Habib Khedher.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577371|Marouan Felfel]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2016-02-09
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577373|Taoufik Ouali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-10-20
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577374|Taher Battikh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2017-10-18
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577375|Ridha Zghondi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577377|Olfa Jouini]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2016-02-09
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577378|Ammar Amroussia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Ammar Amroussia, Nawaat 2 décembre 2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577380|Wafa Attia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577382|Houda Slim]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577383|Mohamed Saidane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577384|Nadia Zangar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577385|Rabha Ben Hassine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577386|Noura Amri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-07-22
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577388|Hssine Yahyaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577389|Leila Ouled Ali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577390|Lamia Gharbi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577391|El Khansa Ben Harrath]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577392|Mongi Harbaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577395|Leila Oueslati]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577397|Faten Oueslati]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2016-09-16
| 2017-04-30
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577398|Lamia Dridi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2016-09-16
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577399|Riadh Jaidane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Le Député Riadh JAIDANE à l'Assemblée des Représentants du Peuple (Tunisie).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577401|Leila Hamrouni]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577403|Najla Saadaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577404|Moez Belhaj Rhouma]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577405|Heger Ben Cheikh Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2016-09-16
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577406|Mourad Hamaidi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577407|Heger Laaroussi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577409|Chakib Bani]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577410|Lilia Younes Ksibi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577411|Noureddine Ben Achour]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577413|Mohamed Mohsen Soudani]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577414|Haykel Belgacem]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577417|Nozha Biaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2015-02-20
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577419|Hedi Soula]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577420|Emna Ben Hmayed]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577421|Zouhair Maghzaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577422|Tarek Fetiti]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Tarek Fetiti photo2 طارق فتيتي.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577423|Mahbouba Ben Dhifallah]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577426|Nizar Amami]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Nizar Amami, Nawaat Tunisie, janvier 2016.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577427|Ikram Moulahi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577429|Lotfi Ali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577430|Hassouna Nasfi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577431|Soulef Ksantini]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577434|Youssef Jouini]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577437|Fayçal Tebbini]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577440|Sameh Bouhaouel]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:SamehBouhaouel-Sayada-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577442|Zeineb Brahmi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577445|Mahmoud Gouiaa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitMahmoudGouiaa 2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577449|Taoufik Jemli]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577450|Mohamed Kamel Hamzaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2018-07-28
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577452|Ibrahim Ben Said]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577454|Imen Ben Mhamed]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:ImenBenAhmed Ennahdha 2014.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577455|Taieb Medni]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577456|Ibtissem Jebabli]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577457|Ahmed Khaskhoussi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577458|Mohamed Ennaceur Jbira]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577459|Ridha Dellai]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577460|Noureddine Mrabti]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577462|Aymen Aloui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Aymen Aloui photo1 أيمن علوي.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577464|Najia Ben Abdelhafidh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577465|Mohamed Hedi Gueddich]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577468|Abdelkader Ben Dhifallah]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577470|Mounir Hamdi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577472|Sana Salhi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577473|Mohamed Rachdi Bouguerra]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577474|Houda Tekaya]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577475|Sahbi Ben Fraj]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577478|Imed Ouled Jebril]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577479|Sameh Dammak]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577482|Neji Jmal]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:NéjiJmal Ennahdha 2014.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577483|Tahar Fdhil]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577484|Bechir Ben Amor]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577485|Karim Helali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Karim Helali photo1 كريم الهلالي.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577487|Houssem Bounenni]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577488|Heger Bouzemmi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577490|Ismail Ben Mahmoud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577491|Abada Kefi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2018-07-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577492|Mohamed Troudi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577493|Ahmed Seddik]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Ahmed Seddik, Nawaat, Tunisie.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577494|Mohamed Ben Souf]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577495|Amal Souid]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Amal Souid أمل سويد.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577497|Leila Bougatef]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577498|Maher Madhioub]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577499|Mohamed Sidhom]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577500|Bechir Khelifi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577502|Ahmed Ameri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577503|Mohamed Lakhdhar Lajili]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577504|Monia Brahim]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577505|Wafa Makhlouf]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577506|Hedi Ben Braham]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577507|Dalila Babba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Dalila Babba 2018.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577508|Mohamed Fadhel Ben Omrane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577510|Basma Jebali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2018-11-30
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577511|Mohamed Ali Bedoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577512|Ali Belakhoua]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577513|Sabri Dekhil]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577514|Walid Jalled]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577516|Kalthoum Badreddine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitKalthoumBadreddine Jan2014 01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577517|Mohamed Nejib Torjmane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577519|Sofien Toubel]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Sofien Toubel photo2 سفيان طوبال.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577521|Imed Khemiri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577522|Abderraouf Cherif]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2018-12-01
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577523|Naceur Channoufi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577524|Mabrouk Hrizi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577525|Belgacem Dkhili]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580310|Mohamed Amine Kahloul]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580315|Kamel Harraghi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580316|Brahim Nacef]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580350|Salem Hamdi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2017-02-28
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580351|Mohamed Ben Youssef El Hamdi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580353|Fathi Chamkhi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580354|Abdelmoumen Belanes]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:AbdelmoumenBelanes-Sayada-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580357|Tarek Barrak]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580358|Ahmed Saidi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580420|Rim Thairi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580422|Fatma Mseddi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580426|Dorra Yaacoubi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580429|Radhia Toumi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580435|Hatem Ferjani]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2018-02-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580438|Abdelaziz Kotti]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Abdlaziz Kotti.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580442|Issam Matoussi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580444|Meriem Boujbel]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580447|Lamia Mlayah]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580449|Asma Abou Hana]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580452|Olfa Soukri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580454|Abderraouf Chebbi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580455|Jamila Jouini]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580459|Hssan Amri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580461|Ramzi Ben Fraj]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Ramzi Ben Fraj.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580462|Kamel Dhaouadi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580463|Souad Bayouli]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580465|Abir Abdelli]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580466|Leila Zahaf]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580468|Mohamed Ramzi Khmiss]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580470|Faycel Khelifa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580471|Mohamed Kamel Besbes]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Kamel Besbes - Mai 2015.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580472|Ahmed Mechergui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:AhmedMechregui 2014.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580473|Salah Bargaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580475|Mondher Belhaj Ali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mondher Belhaj Ali, Nawaat, janvier 2016, Tunisie.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580478|Chaker Ayadi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580479|Mohamed Jalel Ghedira]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580480|Zouhair Rejbi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580481|Mohamed Ghannem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Ghannem.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580482|Safia Khalfi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580483|Mohamed Anouar Adhar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580485|Bechir Ellazzem]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitBechirLazzem2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580486|Souad Zaouali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580488|Adnane Hajji]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580489|Mohamed Mahjoub]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Mahjoub.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580490|Abderraouf El May]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580492|Zohra Driss]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580493|Abdennaceur Chouikh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580495|Chafik Ayadi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580496|Mahmoud Kahri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580499|Lotfi Nabli]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580500|Lakhdhar Belhouchat]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580503|Sami Fetnassi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2019-11-13
| [[Fáìlì:Sami Fetnassi photo2 سامي الفطناسي.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580504|Mohamed Zrig]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Zrig photo1 محمد زريق.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29581143|Mustapha Ben Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30012117|Mohamed Abdellaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2017-02-28
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60171938|Amira Zoukari]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2017-10-18
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60171944|Hayet Kebaier]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2014-12-02
| 2015-10-20
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60171952|Maroua Bouazzi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2018-07-28
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60172009|Nesrine Laamari]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2018-07-13
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60172198|Abdelwahab Ouerfelli]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2017-04-30
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60172220|Jihen Abbadi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2018-12-01
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60172365|Hajer Triki]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2018-11-30
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86140333|Yosri Daly]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2019-11-13
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97177810|Nabil Hajji]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2019-11-13
| 2019-11-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100563142|Rached Khiari]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2019-11-13
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106149291|Zied Ghanney]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2019-11-13
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106164113|Jalal Zayati]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2019-11-13
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q119862501|Yassine Mami]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2023-05-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Yassine Mami.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q128857532|Ayachi Zammel]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2019-11-13
| 2021-12-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q129169085|Anouar Marzouki]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2023-03-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q129169086|Saoussen Mabrouk]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 2023-03-13
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>0j134mc33svz49x1oxlcvbin7qs5mrz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Member of the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66797</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636075</id>
      <parentid>635913</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-11T22:36:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636075</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="64669" sha1="0x0cq9fskufac50hbd1ioweycgk6lhj" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21296472 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21296472/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21296472/P580:Start date,P39/Q21296472/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281611|Berta Chikwama]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281612|Biata B. Nyamupinga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281614|Blessed Runesu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281615|Cephas Sindi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281616|Chenayimoyo D. Francis Nhema]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281617|Christopher Chigumba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2004-03-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281618|Christopher Chitindi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281619|Chriswell Mutematsaka]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281620|Chuma K. Bhasikiti]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281621|Clifford Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281622|Costa Machingauta]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281623|Daniel M. Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281624|David Chapfika]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281625|Denford Masiya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281626|Dextor T. Nduna]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281627|Dingilizwe Tshuma]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281628|Dorcas Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281629|Dorothy Mangami]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281630|Dubeko Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281631|Edgar Chidavaenzi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281633|Edgar Mbwembwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281634|Edmond Mhere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281635|Edson Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281636|Enock Porusingazi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281637|Ephraim Gwanonodza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281638|Epmarcus Kanhanga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281639|Erick Murai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281640|Ezira Ruvai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281641|Fani Phanuel Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281642|Francis Muchenje]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281643|Francis Mukwangwariwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281644|Fred Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281645|Fungai J Majome]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281646|Getrude Chibagu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281647|Getrude Hungwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281648|Gift Chimanikire]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281649|Gladys Mathe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281650|Godfrey Gandawa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281651|Godfrey N Malaba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281652|Godfrey Sithole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281653|Harris Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281654|Hazvineyi Z Makari]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281655|Innocent Gonese]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281656|Innocent Pedzisai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281657|Irene Zindi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281658|Iris Chiratidzo Mabuwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:2013-Zimbabwe's Deputy Min of Industry Mabuwa (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281659|Isaac Mackenzie]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281660|Jaison Passade]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281661|James Maridadi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281662|Jeffrey Runzirwai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281663|Jeppy Jaboon]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281664|John Holder]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281665|Jonathan Samukange]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281666|Joseph Mapiki]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281667|Joseph Tshuma]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281668|Josephat Madubeko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281669|Josephine Value Chitembwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281670|Judith Muzhavazhe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281671|Justice Mayor Wadyajena]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281672|Kalitso Gwanetsa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281673|Kennedy Matimba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281674|Kenneth S. Musanhi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281675|Kindness Paradza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2003-08-30
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281676|Kizito Chivamba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281677|Kudzanayi Chipanga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281678|Ladislus Ndoro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281679|Lamson Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281680|Leonard Chikomba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281681|Lilian Zemura]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281682|Lovemore Matuke]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2005-11-26
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281683|Lucia Matibenga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281684|Luke Musamvu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281685|Lungisani Nleya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281687|Mabel Kaundikiza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281688|Mabel Matirangano Nkatazo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281689|Madodana Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281690|Mafios Vutete]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281691|Maideyi Mpala]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281692|Makhosini Hlongwane]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281693|Malach Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281694|Mandi M. Chimene]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281695|Mapetere D. V. Mawere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281696|Margaret Matienga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281698|Martin Khumalo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2004-05-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281700|Mathias S. Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281701|Mathias Tongofa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281702|Melenia Mahiya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281704|Metrine Mdau]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281705|Michael Madanha]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281706|Mike Gava]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281707|Miriam Makweya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281708|Monica Chigudu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281709|Moses Manyengawana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281710|Mthokozisi M. Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281711|Mubvumbi Mawere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281712|Munyaradzi Kereke]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281713|Never Khanye]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281714|Newton Kachepa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281715|Nomathemba Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281716|Nomsa Jenifer Mlanga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282889|Sibusisiwe Budha]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282890|Sikhanyisiwe Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282892|Spiwe Muchenje]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282893|Tafanana Zhou]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282894|Ticharwa Madondo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282895|Yeukai Simbanegavi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283552|Angelina Masuku]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283561|Jaison Max Korerai Machaya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283578|Molly Mkandla]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283586|Ruth Mafoko Labode]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283587|Shuvai Ben Mahofa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283592|Thokozile A. Mathuthu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283850|Fortune Charumbira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291744|Douglas Mwonzora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Image of Douglas Mwonzora seated in Formal lounge.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291896|Ability Gandawa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291897|Albert Nguluvhe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291898|Alum Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291899|Andrew Nkani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291900|Annah Myambo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291901|Augustine Dumo Musikavanhu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291903|Bannwell Seremwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291905|Barbara Rwodzi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291908|Bramwell Bushu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291909|Brian Dube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291910|Brightness Mangora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291911|Campion Takura Mugweni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291912|Caston Matewu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291913|Catherine Gozho]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291914|Cecil Kashiri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291915|Chalton Hwende]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291916|Charles Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291917|Chido Madiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291918|Chido Sanyatwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291919|Claudious Maronge]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291920|Clemence Chiduwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291921|Colletta Mutambisi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291922|Consilia Chinanzvavana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291923|Constance Chihururu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291924|Cuthbert Mpame]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291925|David Musabayana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291926|David Tekeshe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291928|Davison Svuure]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291930|Dingumuzi Phuti]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291931|Doubt Ndiweni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291932|Dumezweni Mawite]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291933|Earthrage Kureva]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291934|Edgar Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291935|Edmond Mkaratigwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291936|Edmore Samambwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291937|Edwin Mushoriwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291938|Elias Musakwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291939|Elina Shirichena]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291940|Elizabeth Masuku]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291941|Energy Mutodi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Venant Mambumina Imhotep Filming Mutodi.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291943|Esther Chikuni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291945|Farai Taruvinga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291946|Fereska Nhambo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291947|Francisca Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291948|Freddy Kapuya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291950|Girovah Dzepasi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291951|Godfrey Dube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291952|Goodluck Kwaramba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291953|Goodrich Chimbaira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291954|Gorden Chanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291955|Happymore Chidziva]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291956|Hebert Shumbamhini]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291957|Ilos Nyoni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291958|Jacob Nyokanhete]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291959|James Chidakwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291960|James Munetsi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291961|James Sithole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291962|Jefry Ngome]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291963|John Chamunorwa Mangwiro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291964|John Paradza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291965|Johnson Madhuku]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291966|Jonah Nyikadzino Sewera]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291967|Josephine Shava]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291968|Joshua Murire]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291969|Joshua Sacco]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291970|Josiah Sithole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291971|Joyce Jaja]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291972|Judith Mkwanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291973|Kanhutu Irene Nzenza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291974|Kennedy Dinar]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291976|Killer Zivhu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291977|Killion Kalisto Gwanetsa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291978|Kucaca Phulu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291979|Levi Mayihlome]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291981|Livingstone Chimina]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291982|Lloyd Mukapiko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291983|Lynette Karenyi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291984|Magna Mudyiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291985|Male Mukomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291986|Marian Chombo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291987|Marko Raidza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292043|Mary Mliswa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292044|Mathias Matewu Mlambo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292046|Maxwell Mavhunga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292048|Memory Bodhiya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292049|Michael Madiro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295087|Mkhosi Edward Tshotsho Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295088|Moses Mare]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295090|Muza Sheunesu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295092|Naison Nemadziva]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295094|Noel Mandevu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295095|Norman Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295097|Obert Matshalaga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295098|Oliver Chirume]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295099|Pearson Mungofa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2003-03-30
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295100|Phares Hakuna Maramba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295101|Pilot Masukume]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295103|Piniel Denga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295104|Pishai Muchauraya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295105|Ramson Makamure]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295108|Rodger Tazviona]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295109|Rodrick Rutsvara]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295111|Ronald Ndava]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295116|Samuel Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295117|Shaddy Sai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295119|Shepherd Madamombe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295122|Shuah Mudiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295123|Siyabonga Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295124|Tangwara Matimba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295125|Thandeko Mnkandla]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295126|Tongai Matutu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295127|Tranos Huruva]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295128|Webber Chinyadza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295129|Willard Chimbetete]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295159|Willis Madzimure]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312668|Aaron Baloyi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312669|Abednico Malinga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312671|Canisia Sathiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312672|Cecilia Gwachirwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312673|Celine Pote]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312674|Charles Majange]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312675|Chenhamo Chimutingwende]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312676|Christopher Malaba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312677|Christopher Mushowe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312678|Claudius Makova]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2001-01-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312679|Cyprian Malisa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312680|Daniel Mackenzie Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312681|Editor Matamisa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312682|Edward Mkhosi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312683|Edwin Muguti]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312684|Enita Maziriri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312685|Ephraim Masawi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312686|Esaph Mdhlongwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312687|Esther Nyauchi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312690|Freddy Kadzama]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312691|George Chimombe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312692|Gilbert Shoko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312693|Isaiah Shumba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312695|Jealous Sansole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312696|Jonathan Chandengenda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312698|Josphat Madubeko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312699|Kenneth Mutiwekuziva]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312700|Leo Mugabe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312701|Luke Mushore]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312703|Mabel Mawere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312704|Milton Gwetu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312705|Morris Sakabuya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312706|Nelson Samkange]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312707|Njabuliso Mguni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312708|Patrick Mudzimurema]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312709|Paul Kadzima]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312710|Phineas Chihota]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2004-09-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312711|Sabina Zinyemba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312712|Sandra Machirori]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312713|Shadreck Chipanga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312714|Show Bushu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312716|Thembikosi Sibindi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312717|Timothy Mabhawu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312718|Timothy Mukahlera]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312719|Tinaye Chigudu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312720|Titus Maluleke]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312721|Try Dandawa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111312722|Zachariah Ziyambi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313025|Amos Mutongi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313026|Austin Mupandawana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313027|Bennie Tumbare-Mutasa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313028|Bethel Makwembere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313029|Cephas Nyoni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313030|Charles Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313031|David Mpala]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313032|Dunmore Makuvaza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313033|Elick Mkandla]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313034|Elliot Chauke]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313035|Gabriel Chaibva]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313036|George Joe Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313037|Hilda Mafudze]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313038|Innocent Chikiyi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313039|Jacob Mabikwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313040|Jeffrey Khumalo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313041|Jefta Chindanya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313042|Josiah Hungwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313043|Justin Mutendadzamera]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313044|Kenneth Manyonda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313045|Leonard Chirewamangu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313046|Mark Madiro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313047|Messias Matewu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313048|Mtoliki Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313049|Nkosana Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313050|Nobbie Dzinzi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313052|Paul Mazikana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313053|Pearson Mbalekwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313054|Peter Chanetsa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313055|Renson Gasela]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313056|Rufaro Gwanzura]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313057|Silas Man'ono]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313058|Stephen Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313059|Sydney Mukwecheni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313060|Tafadzwa Musekiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313061|Tichaona Munyanyi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313062|Victor Chitongo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313063|Walter Mutsauri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313065|Welshman Mabhena]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313195|Bernard Makokove]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2001-09-23
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313197|Gibson Munyoro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2001-09-09
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313199|Phone Madiro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2002-09-29
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313200|Tichafa Mutema]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2003-11-30
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313421|Emmanuel Chisvuure]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2006-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313423|Kallisto Gwanetsa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2007-02-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313424|Livingstone Chineka]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2007-06-09
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313425|Steven Chiurayi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2006-10-07
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313841|Kantibhai Patel]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 1991
| 2000
| [[Fáìlì:The Vice President, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu at the Samadhi of Kantibhai Govardhanbhai Patel who had migrated to Zimbabwe in 1961 and rose to become a senator and was elected as Member of Parliament, in Harare, Zimbabwe.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136477188|Desire Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2023-09-07
| 2025-10-10
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281717|Noveti Muponora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281718|Oliver Mandipaka]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281719|Omega S Hungwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281720|Paradzai Chakona]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281721|Paul Madzore]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281723|Peter Mataruse]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281724|Petronella Kagonye]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281725|Phelele Masuku]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281727|Phineas Chiota]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281728|Pius Madzinga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281729|Prosper Mutseyami]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281730|Psychology Mazivisa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281731|Ray Kaukonde]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2005-04-15
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281732|Raymore Machingura]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281733|Reggie Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281734|Robert Mukwena]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281735|Robson Mavenyengwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281736|Ronald Muderedzwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281737|Roselyn Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281738|Rossy Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281739|Sabbina Mangwende]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281740|Samson T. Mukanduri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281741|Sarah Mahoka]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281742|Settlement Chikwinya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281743|Shadreck Mashayamombe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281744|Simbaneuta Mudarikwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281745|Simon Chidhakwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281746|Simon Musanhu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281747|Sipho Dube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281748|Sithemba Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281749|Solomon Madzore]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281750|Soul Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281751|Tapiwa Mashakada]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281752|Tapiwanashe Matangaidze]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281753|Tariro Mtingwende]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281754|Temba Mliswa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281755|Tendai Savanhu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281756|Tendayi Makunde]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281758|Terence Mukupe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281759|Teti Banda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281760|Thabitha Khumalo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281761|Thomas Maseko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281762|Tinashe Maduza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281763|Tionei Melody Dziva]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281764|Toendepi Matangira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281765|Tongai Muzenda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281766|Tongesai Mudambo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281767|Tose Wesley Sansole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281768|Trevor Saruwaka]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281769|Tshinga J Dube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281770|Tsitsi Gezi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281771|Unganai Tarusenga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281772|Washington Masvaire]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281773|Webster Maondera]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281774|William M. Dhewa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281775|William Mutomba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281776|Willias Madzimure]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281777|Win Busayi Mlambo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281778|Wonder Mashange]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281779|Zenzo Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282848|Alice Ndhlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282849|Amos Chibaya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282850|Angeline Chipato]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282851|Annah Rungani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282852|Annastazia Nyahino]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282853|Bacillia Majaya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282854|Brian Tshuma]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282855|Christina Nyere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282856|Concilia Chinanzvavana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282857|Constance Tsomondo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282858|Darlington Chiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282859|Dorothy Kadungure]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282860|Dorothy Mashonganyika]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282861|Dorothy Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282862|Elizabeth Shongedza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282863|Emma Muzondiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282864|Ester Chikuni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282865|Eunice Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282866|Fani Munengami]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282867|Fanny Chirisa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282868|Goodlucky Kwaramba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282869|Irimai Mukwishu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282870|Jasmine Toffa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282872|Jeremiah Chiwetu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282873|Joan Tsogorani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282874|Joyce Makonya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282875|Lucia Chitura]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282876|Lwazi Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282877|Macdonald Muchetwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282878|Mafoko Labode]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282879|Mail Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282880|Mandi Chimene]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282881|Masaiti Muzungu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282882|Memory Munochinzwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282883|Miriam Chikukwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282884|Molly Mnkandla]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282885|Philina Zhou]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282886|Revai Muguti]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282887|Roseline Makoni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282888|Sabina Thembani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Morgan Tsvangirai]]
| 
| ''[[:d:Q654342|Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q750583|Southern Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q217169|Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q890120|Zimbabwe Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Morgan Tsvangirai Oslo 2009 A.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q313424|Ian Douglas Smith]]''
| 
| [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q217169|Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ian Smith 1975.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q432934|Arthur Mutambara]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mutambara 2009 crop.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Emmerson Mnangagwa]]
| olóṣèlú, Sìmbábúè
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Emmerson Mnangagwa Official Portrait (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q514464|Simbarashe Mumbengegwi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Simbarashe Mumbengegwi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q981736|Joice Mujuru]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joice Mujuru at Horasis Global Arab Business Meeting 2012 crop.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1379403|Simba Makoni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1399766|Joseph Msika]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Msika.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1533788|Godfrey Beremauro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1538373|Ndabaningi Sithole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q217169|Rhodesia]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ndabaningi Sithole (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2011278|Obert Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2112402|Stan Mudenge]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2209549|Sabina Mugabe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2287723|Simon Muzenda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2407586|Elliot Manyika]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2001-07-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2431630|Tichaona Jokonya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3062672|Roy Bennett]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Roy Bennett 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3081621|Francis Nhema]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3133488|Herbert Murerwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3183430|Jonathan Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3264301|Lovemore Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3274147|John Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3369338|Patrick Chinamasa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Patrick Chinamasa.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4305770|Solomon Mujuru]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4687771|Aeneas Chigwedere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4730957|Allan Savory]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Allan Savory (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741842|Ambrose Mutinhiri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2000-11-26
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4747917|Amos Midzi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4757697|Andrew Langa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2002-10-27
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4795279|Arnold Tsunga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4926322|Blessing Chebundo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4944569|Border Gezi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4967458|Bright Matonga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5017585|Cain Mathema]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Minister Cain Mathema.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5091407|Chenjerai Hunzvi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5107550|Chris Mushohwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5147035|Collen Gwiyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5218173|Daniel Molokele]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5218758|Daniel Shumba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5230802|David Anthony Chimhini]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5231960|David Butau]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5232494|David Coltart]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:David Coltart.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5238373|David Parirenyatwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:David Parirenyatwa (cropped).png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5274292|Didymus Mutasa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:DidymusMutasa1988.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5301822|Douglas Mombeshora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5335953|Eddie Cross]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5340066|Edna Madzongwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Edna Madzongwe at the 53rd Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference, in New Delhi on September 22, 2007.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5340334|Edson Zvobgo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Eddison Zvobgo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5360562|Elias Mudzuri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5367269|Elphas Mukonoweshuro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5367868|Elton Mangoma]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5387062|Eric Matinenga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5416378|Evelyn Masaiti]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5427612|Faber Chidarikire]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5442264|Felix Magalela Mafa Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5446764|Fidelis Mhashu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5458776|Fletcher Dulini]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5460278|Flora Buka]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559396|Gibson Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559982|Gift Banda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5561692|Giles Mutsekwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5576402|Godfrey Chidyausiku]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5584672|Gorden Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5720588|Heneri Dzinotyiweyi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5927511|Hubert Nyanhongo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6019041|Paul Temba Nyathi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6146138|Jameson Timba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6187759|Jessie Majome]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jessie Fungayi Majome profile pic(1).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6213465|Joel Gabuza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6276249|Joram Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6282111|Joseph Chinotimba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6285211|Joseph Made]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6386891|Kembo Mohadi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2008-08-25
| 2018-07
| [[Fáìlì:Vice President of Zimbabwe, Mr. Kembo Mohadi, at the Munhumutapa Building, in Harare, Zimbabwe on November 03, 2018 (cropped).JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6505903|Lazarus Dokora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2006-10-07
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6510240|Learnmore Jongwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6769164|Mark Partridge]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mark Partridge.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6828646|Michael Bimha]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Michael Bimha (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6848219|Mike Nyambuya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6875513|Misheck Kagurabadza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6915903|Moses Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6935586|Munacho Mutezo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6937034|Munyaradzi Gwisai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6938737|Murisi Zwizwai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2003-08-30
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7025447|Nicholas Goche]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7048451|Nomalanga Khumalo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7070929|Nyasha Chikwinya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7088073|Olivia Muchena]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Olivia muchena.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7095508|Oppah Muchinguri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Oppah Muchinguri.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7116568|Ozias Bvute]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7117376|P. K. van der Byl]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7149825|Paul Chimedza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7152179|Paul Mangwana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7155466|Paurina Mpariwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7185645|Phillip Chiyangwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7245611|Priscilla Misihairabwi-Mushonga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Zanda Kalniņa-Lukaševica tiekas ar Zimbabves vēstnieci 02.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7317489|Reuben Marumahoko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7378129|Rugare Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7410395|Tendai Biti]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tendai Biti, 2009 World Economic Forum on Africa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7412244|Samuel Mumbengegwi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7412644|Samuel Sipepa Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7412813|Samuel Undenge]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7428343|Saviour Kasukuwere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Saviour Kasukuwere - 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7446983|Seiso Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7456035|Sesel Zvidzai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7507257|Sibonile Nyamudeza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7513688|Sikhanyiso Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7641876|Supa Mandiwanzira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7659134|Swithun Mombeshora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7660136|Sydney Sekeramayi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7660812|Sylvester Nguni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7710066|Thamsanqa Mahlangu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7782879|Theresa Makoni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7807530|Timothy Stamps]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7808439|Tinos Rusere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7847292|Trudy Stevenson]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7964549|Walter Chidhakwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7965696|Walter Mzembi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2004-10-09
| 
| [[Fáìlì:H.E. Walter Mzembi, Minister of Tourism &amp; Hospitality Industry, Government of Zimbabwe cropped.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7978955|Webster Shamu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Paul Tangi Mhova Mkondo, Aaron Samuriwo &amp; Webster Shamu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7982050|Welshman Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Minister of Industry &amp; Commerce, Zimbabwe, Prof. Welshman Ncube meeting the Union Minister for Commerce and Industry, Shri Anand Sharma, in New Delhi on March 29, 2011.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8003386|Willard Chiwewe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8023117|Wilson Kumbula]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q9358456|Thokozani Khuphe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Thokozani Khuphe.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14922135|Moven Mahachi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15992851|Edward Chindori-Chininga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16016626|Josiah Tungamirai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2004-02-03
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16151660|Ignatious Chombo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ignatius Chombo 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16195944|Fortune Chasi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16207702|Nelson Chamisa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2003-03-30
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nelson Chamisa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16222304|Psychology Maziwisa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16732942|Simbi Mubako]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Tracy Mutinhiri]]
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733535|Sithembiso Nyoni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sithembiso Nyoni at UNCTAD eWeek 2023- Shaping the future of the digital economy (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19144163|David Karimanzira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2006
| 2005-04-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25697807|Kumbirai Kangai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Independence Day Celebrations at the Ambassador's Residence, Harare, Zimbabwe. Guests at the function included Deputy Speaker of Parliament, Kumbirai Kangai.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27380169|Cephas Msipa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27469157|Victoria Chitepo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27975349|John A. Landau]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28606443|Rowan Cronjé]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29588993|Obedingwa Mguni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q32534048|Christopher Kuruneri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43266691|Christopher Mutsvangwa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q750583|Southern Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q890120|Zimbabwe Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43402860|Patrick Zhuwao]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2008-08-25
| 2013-06-27
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43667129|Tabetha Kanengoni Malinga]]''
| Olóṣèlú àti oníṣòwò ará Zimbabwe
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2008
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43962933|Auxillia Mnangagwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Auxillia Mnangagwa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45064460|Ronnie Sadomba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45740667|Iain Kay]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2009
| 2013-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46853306|Jock Kay]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Thenjiwe Lesabe]]
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52084210|Rollo Hayman]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52126078|Maureen Thelma Watson]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58007739|Jacob Mudenda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jacob Mudenda 2022 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59655893|Tongai Mnangagwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63190278|Sithembile Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78315284|Joana Mamombe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85115570|Nqobizitha Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85678901|Paul Mavima]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 2023-08-02
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85678984|Ziyambi Ziyambi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85772479|July Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85850886|Kazembe Kazembe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86997401|Job Sikhala]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q87110935|Winston Chitando]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q89084670|Patrick Dube]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91165040|Nicola Watson]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93452160|Mabel Chinomona]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2018-08&lt;br/&gt;2013-09-17
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mabel Chinomona - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93469585|Rusty Markham]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93578158|Christopher Chingosho]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93838438|Raj Modi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q94034676|Mike Auret]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q94973458|Vangelis Haritatos]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Vangelis Haritatos.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q95000270|Tony Gara]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q95671086|Peter Hewlett]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96094584|Ernest Bulle]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97154086|Daniel Garwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97326327|Joseph Musa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2005-06-18
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97816798|Masango Matambanadzo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2013-07-31
| 2018-07&lt;br/&gt;2020-07-28
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98112108|Owen Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98931496|Soda Zhemu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Soda Zhemu - 2021 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100524761|Mathew Nyashanu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105071475|Joel Matiza]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105649282|Felix Mhona]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106074124|John Houghton]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107491736|Peter Haritatos]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107534597|Bekithemba Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110197420|Jenfan Muswere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111270218|Paddy Zhanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111270219|Davis Marapira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111270220|Douglas Karoro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281516|Abednico Bhebhe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281517|Abednico Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281518|Abigail Damasane]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281519|Adam Chimwamurombe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281520|Albert Mhlanga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281521|Aldrin Musiiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281522|Alexio Musundire]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281523|Alfred Mufunga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281606|Anastancia Ndhlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281607|Anele Ndebele]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281608|Aqualina Katsande]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281609|Batsirayi Pemhenayi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281610|Bekithemba Nyathi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292050|Miriam Mushayi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292051|Mirriam Rutendo Chikukwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292052|Misheck Mataranyika]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292053|Mthokozisi Manoki Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292054|Muchineripi Chinyanganya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292055|Ngoni Masenda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292056|Nokuthula Matsikenyere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292057|Norman Marikisi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292058|Nyarai Tsuura]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292059|Omar Joosbi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292060|Omega Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292061|Ophar Ncube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292062|Ophias Murambiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292063|Oscar Gorerino]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292064|Patrick Chidakwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292065|Patrick Dutiro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292066|Perseverance Zhou]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292067|Peter Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292069|Polite Kambamwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292070|Precious Chinhamo Masango]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292071|Prince Dubeko Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292072|Priscilla Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292073|Prosper Machando]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292074|Pupurai Togarepi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292075|Regai Tsunga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292076|Remigious Matangira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292077|Reselyn Roseweater Makoni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292078|Reuben Chikudo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292079|Richard Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292080|Richard Musiyiwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292081|Richard Tsvangirai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292082|Robson Ronald Nyathi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292083|Royi Bhilla]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292086|Ruth Mavhungu Maboyi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292087|Samuel Banda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292088|Senzeni Mafuta]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292089|Shakespear Hamauswa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292091|Sibangumuzi Khumalo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292093|Sichelesile Mahlangu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292095|Sonny Key Mguni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292096|Soul Dzuma]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292097|Spare Sithole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292098|Spiwe Muchaneta Muchenje]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292099|Spiwe Mukunyaidze]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292100|Starman Chamisa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292101|Stars Mathe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292102|Stella Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292103|Stephen Kabozo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292104|Stephen Ngwenya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292105|Susan Madziwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292106|Susan Matsunga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292107|Sydney Chidamba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292108|Tapera Saizi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292109|Tatenda Mavetera]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292110|Tavengwa Mukuhlani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292111|Tawanda Karikoga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292112|Tawanda Tungamirayi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292113|Teedzai Percy Muchimwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292114|Tendai Nyabani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292115|Tichaona Karimazondo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292116|Tinoda Machakarika]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292117|Tobias Kashambe Munyaradzi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292118|Torerayi Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292122|Variyeti Nhari]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292123|Victor Matemadanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292124|Virginia Zengeya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292125|Wellington Chikombo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111292126|Winnie Kankuni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295037|Abraham Sithole]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295038|Alice Mwaemura Chitima]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295040|Alois Baolyi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295041|Anadi Sisulu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295043|Busy Ngwenya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295045|Charles Pemhenai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295047|Chenayimoyo Nhema]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295048|Clemency Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295049|Cornelius Dube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295050|Costain Muguti]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295052|Edmore Maramwidze]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295054|Edmore Marima]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295055|Elias Jembere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295058|Ernest Mudavanhu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295061|Festus Dongo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295062|Fred Kanzama]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295063|Funny Munengani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295064|Gift Dzirutwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295065|Giles Tariyafero Mutsekwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295067|Harrison Mudzuri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295069|Heya Shoko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295073|Irvine Dzingirai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295074|Jabulani Mangena]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295075|Jani Marandeni]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295077|Jefferson Chitando]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295078|John Nyamande]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295080|Lawrence Mavima]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295081|Lovemore Mupukuta]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295083|Maposhere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295084|Marvellous Khumalo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295085|Meki Makuyana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295086|Misheck Shoko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>0x0cq9fskufac50hbd1ioweycgk6lhj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Prime Ministers of Democratic Republic of the Congo</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66817</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636080</id>
      <parentid>620630</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T04:24:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636080</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4772" sha1="2gau6tyxr5q7cfrt8ns4vplasvlpv6a" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Prime Minister of Democratic Republic of the Congo who was Prime Minister twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q3401753 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q3401753/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q3401753/P580:Start date,P39/Q3401753/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57883|Matata Ponyo Mapon Augustin]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2012-04-18
| 2016-11-17
| [[Fáìlì:Matata Ponyo Mapon.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Patrice Lumumba]]
| 
| [[Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò (Léopoldville)|Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1960-06-24
| 1960-09-14
| [[Fáìlì:PatriceLumumba1960.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q176414|Évariste Kimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1965-10-13
| 1965-11-25
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q182309|Cyrille Adoula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1961-08-02
| 1964-06-30
| [[Fáìlì:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F017179-0014, Auswärtiges Amt, Besuch Ministerpräsident Kongo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Antoine Gizenga]]
| Oloṣelu Kongo
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2006-12-30
| 2008-10-10
| [[Fáìlì:Antoine Gizenga.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q334830|Tshombé Moïse]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1964-07-10
| 1965-10-13
| [[Fáìlì:26.2.63. Moïse Tshombe arrive à Toulouse (1963) - 53Fi5440 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Adolphe Muzito]]
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2008-10-10
| 2012-03-06
| [[Fáìlì:Adolphe Muzito - 2009.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1429232|Joseph Iléo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1960-09-05&lt;br/&gt;1961-02-09
| 1960-09-20&lt;br/&gt;1961-08-02
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Iléo, 1960.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1879477|Léonard Mulamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1965-11-24
| 1966-10-25
| [[Fáìlì:Léonard Mulamba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3078546|Koyagialo Ngbase te Gerengo Louis Alphonse]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2012-03-06
| 2012-04-18
| [[Fáìlì:Photo Louis Koyagialo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3190411|Justin Marie Bomboko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1960-09-14
| 1961-02-09
| [[Fáìlì:Aankomst op Schiphol van Justin Bomboko minister in reg Ileo op doorreis naar P, Bestanddeelnr 911-6367.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17639110|Samy Badibanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2016-11-17
| 2017-05-18
| [[Fáìlì:Samy Badibanga 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29239480|Bruno Tshibala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2017-05-18
| 2019-09-07
| [[Fáìlì:Bruno Tshibala.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63967715|Ilunga Ilunkamba Sylvestre]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-05-20
| 2021-01-28
| [[Fáìlì:Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105523479|Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde Kyenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2021-04-26
| 2024-06-12
| [[Fáìlì:Secretary Blinken Meets With DRC Prime Minister Lukonde (52276160562) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117472023|Judith Suminwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Èdè Kóngò]]
| 2024-06-12
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prime Minister of DRC Judith Suminwa Tuluka (2025) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>2gau6tyxr5q7cfrt8ns4vplasvlpv6a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Districts of Ethiopia</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67124</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636074</id>
      <parentid>634296</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-11T20:34:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636074</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="152002" sha1="563ki1a6w8b3ep6s03ugv5hvoh3735u" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q690840 }
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q285109|Dita Dermalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|6.25|37.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895681|Bench]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|6.916667|35.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2910805|Boreda Abaya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|6.33333|37.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3098702|Gaserana Gololcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3120806|Gunagadow]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3155132|Isara Tocha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|7|36.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3290399|Mareka Gena]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|7.16667|37.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3304728|Meinit]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|6.5|35.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3484863|Sinanana Dinsho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3574678|Zala Ubamale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|6.08333|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6798096|Mayumuluka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13143559|Mennana Harena Buluk]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13143564|Metu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13143607|Mulona Sululta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13143795|Siyadebrina Wayu Ensaro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13145215|Wuchalena Jido]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13146114|Dugda Bora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13146482|Chiro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20624434|Kersana Kondaltiti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20625175|Berehna Aleltu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20626778|Adolana Wadera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20629906|Dodotana Sire]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24032415|Pemba District]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|12.57|40.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55605786|Borena (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55611638|Fiiq (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55612795|Gonji Kolela (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55632278|Sabbataa Awaas (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61713239|Abadir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61713242|Shenkor Woreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61713245|Aboker Woreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61713246|Hakim Woreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61713249|Sofi Woreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108280853|Artuma Fursi Jilee]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|10.5|39.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108280854|Jilee Dhummuugaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|10.29|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108280858|Dawa Chaffa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|10.82|39.81|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108281113|Chaffa Gola Dewerahmedo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| {{Coord|11|39.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110104370|Luude Hexosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15177743|Abala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1387874|Abala]]''
| {{Coord|13.355278|39.754722|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Abala town.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56247985|Gambela]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3575755|Administrative Zone 1]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257108|Semera Logia]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q193494|Afar Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q584224|Bare]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.666667|42.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q682491|Guradamole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.083333|41.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1324250|Elekere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|42.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2825710|Afder]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.25|42.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2962798|Cherti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.33972|41.8825|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3034259|Dolobay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.583333|42.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3315775|Mirab Imi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.166667|42.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5586769|Goro Bekeksa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|41.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6394708|Kersa Dula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.75|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55607222|Cherati (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55613413|Hargelle (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55809400|Baarey]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55809404|Ceelgari]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55809415|Iimey Galbeed]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55809420|Raaso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.533333|41.783333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55809424|Qooxle]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q382135|Afder Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850318|Ankasha Guagusa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|36.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2882541|Banja]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.1667|36.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3013540|Dangila]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.25716|36.84118|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3064440|Faggeta Lekoma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.3333|36.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3118745|Guangua]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|36.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4855807|Banja Shekudad]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5613294|Guagusa Shekudad]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6166113|Jawi district]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55673671|Ayehu guagusa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070718|Agew Awi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3157020|Jabi Tehnan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q203009|Amhara Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.8333|37.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3200182|Kuarit]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q203009|Amhara Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|37.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3567304|Mida Woremo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q203009|Amhara Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.3333|38.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821681|Abobo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4777700|Anuak Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.833333|34.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3094932|Gambela Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4777700|Anuak Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.16667|34.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3109852|Gog]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4777700|Anuak Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.58333|34.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3183660|Jor]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4777700|Anuak Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|33.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5277708|Dimma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4777700|Anuak Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.16667|34.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55609256|Debub Ari (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q124173209|Ari Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.833333|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55632840|Semen Ari (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q124173209|Ari Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.2|36.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134309374|Boko Dawula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q124173209|Ari Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134309692|Wub Ari]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q124173209|Ari Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q374201|Ziway Dugda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q740236|Assela]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.95|39.133333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Asella Town, 2021.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2646407|Bekoji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.416667|39.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2843318|Amigna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.833333|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2866446|Aseko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.416667|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2964388|Chole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.166667|39.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3027739|Digeluna Tijo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.733333|39.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3033675|Dodota]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|39.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3110313|Gololcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|40.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3138657|Hitosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.083333|39.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3176822|Jeju]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|39.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306658|Merti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.533333|39.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3327847|Munesa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.55|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3434318|Robe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.666667|39.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3479998|Seru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.666667|40.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481927|Sirka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.583333|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3502932|Sude]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|39.67|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3517952|Tena]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|39.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3529978|Tiyo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|39.133333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4850656|Bale Gasegar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5276575|Diksis]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.016667|39.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5379022|Enkelo Wabe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.416667|39.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5618457|Guna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.333333|39.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6549969|Limuna Bilbilo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.45|39.216667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6698715|Lude Hitosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.066667|39.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7530072|Sire]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.3|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257424|Askoo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257427|Asalla]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257456|Seeru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257461|Siree]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257467|Suudee]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257471|Shirka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257476|Xiyo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2361764|Komesha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q734246|Asosa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.17|34.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2866757|Asosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q734246|Asosa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.166694|34.416694|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2881768|Bambasi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q734246|Asosa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|34.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198977|Kormuk]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q734246|Asosa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|34.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3305834|Menge]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q734246|Asosa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.3333|34.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3349066|Oda Buldigilu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q734246|Asosa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.1667|35.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481925|Sherkole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q734246|Asosa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.666667|34.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2869834|Atsbi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2869832|Atsbi Wenberta]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|13.8667|39.7333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Leptic Cambisol in Atsbi Ethiopia.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q720557|Asaita]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q193494|Afar Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.566667|41.433333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Asaita City.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2825704|Afambo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.25|41.666667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Using camels to distribute long lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) in Ethiopia (42464375665).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2866336|Asayita]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|41.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2963527|Chifra]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|40.333333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Cattle herd in riverbed Afar Ethiopia.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3040652|Dubti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.833333|41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050957|Elidar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12.25|41.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3314275|Mille]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.5|40.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5311156|Dubti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.733333|41.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6432253|Kori]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12.5|41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55603180|Ada'ar (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.333333|40.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257126|Garani]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444678|Awsi Rasu]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q193494|Afar Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.5|41.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q745871|Goba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.016667|39.983333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Men at work in Goba.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2826421|Agarfa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|39.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896892|Berbere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.66667|40.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3109573|Goba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|39.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3111360|Goro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7|40.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3303887|Meda Welabu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.75|39.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3434314|Robe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.116667|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5254300|Delo Menna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.416667|39.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5278718|Dinsho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.083333|39.716667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5526420|Gasera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.333333|40.166667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|7.33333|40.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7521774|Sinana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.083333|40.216667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15222316|Guradamole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|40.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16964887|Harena Buluk]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|39.483333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55609174|Dawe Serara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257483|Agaarfaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257486|Barbaree]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257491|Diinsho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257497|Gindhir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257607|Gooba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q804883|Bale Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3317332|Mizan Aman]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2895686|Bench Sheko]]''
| {{Coord|7|35.583333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mizan Teferi.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481774|Sheko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2895686|Bench Sheko]]''
| {{Coord|7.05|35.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16979589|She Bench]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2895686|Bench Sheko]]''
| {{Coord|6.916667|35.816667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16995799|Semien Bench]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2895686|Bench Sheko]]''
| {{Coord|7.066667|35.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16999700|Guraferda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2895686|Bench Sheko]]''
| {{Coord|6.916667|35.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17063961|Debub Bench]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2895686|Bench Sheko]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|35.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126919744|Mizan Aman]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2895686|Bench Sheko]]''
| {{Coord|6.966667|35.566667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q269545|Mao-Komo special woreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q207635|Benishangul-Gumuz Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|34.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1551078|Pawe Special Woreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q207635|Benishangul-Gumuz Region]]''
| {{Coord|11.333333|36.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2860849|Arero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.666667|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3029342|Dire]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.25|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3326979|Moyale, Oromia]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4|39.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3517432|Teltele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.83|37.417|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3571228|Yabelo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16973161|Miyu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|3.75|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55609596|Dillo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.25|37.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55612789|Gomole (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113509130|Dehas]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.166667|38.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124314207|Wacile]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124314282|Elowaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7698010|Tembaro Special Woreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q122415622|Central Ethiopia Regional State]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108303756|Shanto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5212917|Damot Pulasa]]''
| {{Coord|7.023056|37.863611|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Shanto.png|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3258822|Loma Bosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.916667|37.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16980773|Tocha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.083333|37.033333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16992490|Mareka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.166667|37.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17037131|Loma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17037271|Isara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.883333|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17066240|Gena Bosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.233333|37.266667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q127625265|Tarcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.15|37.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q127652970|Gesa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5242612|Dawro Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.013889|37.275|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q741581|Seden Sodo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.416667|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q940315|Dawo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2374856|Tole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841417|Amaya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.5|37.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893465|Becho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3051784|Elu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195526|Kersana Malima]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|38.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3565370|Waliso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|38.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3565377|Waliso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.533333|37.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3569781|Wonchi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.666667|37.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5586768|Goro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.416667|37.883333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7553400|Sodo Dacha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.533333|38.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2917913|Enderta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248636|Debub Misraqawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.5|39.6667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hauts plateaux entre Sekota et Mékélé (2).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Enderta.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021278|Dogu'a Tembien]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248636|Debub Misraqawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.65|39.166667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Trekking in woreda Dogu'a Tembien.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Degua Temben.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3135772|Hintalo Wajirat]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248636|Debub Misraqawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.1667|39.6667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ethiopie-Hauteurs de Mékélé 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Hintalo Wejirat.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3470933|Samre]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5248636|Debub Misraqawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.25|39.1667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ethiopie-Vallée des baobabs (8).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Saharti Samre.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2880293|Bako Gazer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.91667|36.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3110186|Jinka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q124173209|Ari Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.783333|36.566667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Jinka 03.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3126412|Hamer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3200524|Kuraz]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.916667|36.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3478047|Selamago]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.916667|36.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4886778|Bena Tsemay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.5|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5530443|Gelila]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.18333|36.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6742900|Male]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.833333|36.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15222658|Hamer Bena]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.166667|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17037737|Nyangatom]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.133333|35.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55609047|Dasenech (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020952|Debub Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.75|36.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q973048|Tenta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.3333|39.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841469|Ambassel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|39.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3020931|Debre Sina]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.9167|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3024609|Dessie Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.1667|39.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3160768|Jama]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.6667|39.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192267|Kalu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|39.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194835|Kelala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.75|38.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3200672|Kutaber]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.3333|39.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3229039|Legambo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3276653|Magdala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.5|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3474737|Sayint]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.25|38.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3517176|Tehuledere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.5|39.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3567070|Wegde]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.6667|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3567299|Warra Babo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.6667|39.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3567302|Were Ilu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.8333|39.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4670562|Abuko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6517340|Legahida]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6809205|Mehal Sayint]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13146070|Dessie]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56605175|Kombolcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q616988|Alamata]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.3333|39.5|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Natural feature of Alamata.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q924840|Raya Azebo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.6667|39.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ET Afar-Tigray border Road to Berhale asv2018-01.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Raya Azebo.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830419|Alaje]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13|39.3333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray, Ethiopia (8975869278).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Alaje.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3053975|Endamehoni]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.75|39.5|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray (25913317117).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Endamehoni.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3349749|Ofla]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.5|39.3333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray Morning, Ethiopia (18810061714).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Ofla.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4667098|Abergele, Amhara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.0902|38.9575|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56247936|Alamata]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q616988|Alamata]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q200127|Tigray Region]]''
| {{Coord|12.417528|39.558643|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56247942|Maychew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3020955|Debubawi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55624017|Mubaarak]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55609498|Dhawa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55809390|Qadhaadhumo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55609498|Dhawa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100928375|Dimtu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5276377|Diguna Fango]]''
| {{Coord|6.931889|38.12775|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Dimtu (Wolaita) Town.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q890726|Boh]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.583333|46.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q954661|Werder]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202800|Somali Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|45.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3015349|Danot]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.833333|45.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3100262|Geladin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.666667|46.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55609018|Daratole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|45.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55612402|Geladi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56153258|Galxamur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.666667|47.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56153269|Lehel-Yucub]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2549095|Dollo Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202800|Somali Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|45.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q960789|Ginir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q109482910|East Bale Zone Laga hidha wareda]]''
| {{Coord|7.08333|40.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3106775|Ginir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q109482910|East Bale Zone Laga hidha wareda]]''
| {{Coord|7.139444|40.710833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3229049|Legehida]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q109482910|East Bale Zone Laga hidha wareda]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|41.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3480862|Seweyna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q109482910|East Bale Zone Laga hidha wareda]]''
| {{Coord|7.333333|41.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5242290|Dawe Kachen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q109482910|East Bale Zone Laga hidha wareda]]''
| {{Coord|6.666667|40.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5580914|Gololcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q109482910|East Bale Zone Laga hidha wareda]]''
| {{Coord|7.416667|40.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13143704|Rayitu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q109482910|East Bale Zone Laga hidha wareda]]''
| {{Coord|6.894411|41.12895|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141009757|South Soddo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q122237660|East Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.2496|38.4691|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141037820|East Meskan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q122237660|East Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.06297|38.46262|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q357101|Adigrat]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14.266667|39.45|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Adigrat 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q978759|Wukro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|13.783333|39.6|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Wukro-Rue (1).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2869832|Atsbi Wenberta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|13.6667|39.75|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|13.67|39.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:North of Atsbi Derra in the direction of Idaga Hamus.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Atsbi Wenberta.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3095207|Ganta Afeshum]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14.3333|39.25|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray, Ethiopia (11834467013).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Ganta Afeshum.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3120775|Gulomahda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14.416667|39.366667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray, Ethiopia (10587159784).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Gulomekeda.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3128788|Hawzen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|13.9833|39.4333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hawzen, Giyorgis Maikado, esterno 00 con una tomba 02.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3128790|Hawzen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14|39.333333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:TESFA trek (5498477203).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Hawzen.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147774|Idaga Hamus]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14.1833|39.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3154504|Irob]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14.5|39.6667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Irob boys in Alitena.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Irob.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461237|Saesi Tsaedaemba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14.25|39.6667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|14.25|39.667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Countryside near Teka Tesfai - Ethiopia - 02 (8714484774).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Saesie Tsaedaemba.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3570151|Kilte Awulaelo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|13.75|39.5|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Abreha and Atsbeha Church 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Kelete Awelallo.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56249658|Adigrat Town]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3072754|Fiq]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.166667|42.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3126409|Hamero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.583333|42.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6471837|Lagahida mastar balayn]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|42|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|7.666667|41.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28233955|Qubi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55622534|Mayaa-muluqo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.5|42.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55637307|Waangaay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55638069|Yaxoob]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q764231|Chiro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|40.866667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q974511|Masela]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|8.833333|41.083333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|8.83|41.083|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2382572|Doba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2391504|Tulo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|9.17|41|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|9.16|41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2909209|Boke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|8.33333|40.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2963919|Chiro Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|9.088889|40.869444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3016437|Darolebu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|8.16667|40.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3118829|Guba Koricha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|8.95|40.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125408|Habro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|40.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3200454|Kuni]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|8.666667|40.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3312794|Mieso, Oromia]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|40.6334|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4752601|Anchar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5530589|Gemechis]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56249628|Bedessa Town]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260874|Shanan Dhuuggoo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260881|Gumbii Bordode]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109889|Est Arsi Dumuga]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q656780|Babille, Somali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.16667|42.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q755763|Jijiga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.35|42.8|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Jijiga.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1627555|Kebri Beyah]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.1|43.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2874676|Awbere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.583333|43.083333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Aw Barre countryside2.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3120968|Gursum, Somali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.216667|42.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3127958|Harshin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.16667|43.6667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|9.083333|43.716667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3178653|Jijiga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.333333|42.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194591|Kebri Beyah]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|43.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25683086|Tuliguled]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|42.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55612785|Goljano]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.916667|42.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55613433|Haroorayso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.366667|43|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55624078|Mula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.733333|43.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115862016|Togo Wuchale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.594444|43.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1249786|Aura]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444707|Fantena Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12.25|40.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1268669|Teru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444707|Fantena Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12.75|40.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3061682|Ewa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444707|Fantena Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12|40.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3120758|Gulina]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444707|Fantena Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12.25|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3443017|Yalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444707|Fantena Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12.666667|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q791636|Awash]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|8.994444|40.166667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Awash-Route (4).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2843213|Amibara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|9.666667|40.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2861034|Argoba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q193494|Afar Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.55|39.866667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2874673|Awash Fentale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|9.1|40.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2928329|Bure Mudaytu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|10.333333|40.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3041120|Dulecha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|9.666667|40.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104708|Gewane]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|40.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257129|Canruka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444674|Gabi Rasu]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q193494|Afar Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q626861|Arba Minch]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.033333|37.55|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Skyline view of AMU1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2859603|Arba Minch Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|37.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2910188|Bonke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.916667|37.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2962626|Chencha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.25|37.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2962633|Chencha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.25|37.566667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Chencha, Ethiopia.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194971|Kemba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|37.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3200189|Kucha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|37.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15203470|Boreda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|37.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16977993|Dita]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.25|37.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16992423|Deramalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|37.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17025457|Mirab Abaya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|37.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133872959|Kemba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5520368|Gamo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.058333|37.175|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q567928|Bule]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.25|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q905423|Dila]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.4125|38.311667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2600425|Irgachefe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.158134|38.203239|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198166|Kochere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3567215|Wenago]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3572300|Yirgachefe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.166667|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5276653|Dila Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.383333|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5529668|Gedeb]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.916667|38.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133149528|Gedeb]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.916667|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133159661|Chelelektu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q500213|Gedeo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.004167|38.154167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2927964|Bulki]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16979432|Geze Gofa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.286111|36.809722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3305251|Melokoza]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3474658|Sawla]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.3|36.883333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7876379|Uba Debretsehay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.1|36.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8065273|Zala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.3|37.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16977708|Oyda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.2|36.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16979432|Geze Gofa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|36.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17000114|Demba Gofa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3109845|Gofa Zuria]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2824689|Adola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|39.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2910804|Bore]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.25|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3196325|Kebri Mangest]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.883333|38.983333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3237714|Liben]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.25|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3349300|Odo Shakiso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.583333|38.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3552120|Uraga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.083333|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5277133|Dima]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.25|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5564315|Girja]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7959167|Wadera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.833333|39.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55603877|Ana Sora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.25|38.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55613410|Harenfema]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56581969|Kebri Mangest]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110104397|Saba Boru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.5|38.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113530275|Goro Dola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.5|39.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257784|Gumi Eldalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q728301|Goro, SNNPR]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.33333|37.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1110026|Welkite]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.283333|37.783333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2928812|Butajira]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q122237660|East Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.116667|38.366667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2962073|Cheha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.166667|37.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3054076|Enemorina Eaner]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|37.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3120794|Gumer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.95|38.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198372|Kokir Gedebano]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.333333|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306850|Meskanena Mareko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.16667|38.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4667233|Abeshge]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.3|37.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5376006|Endegagn]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.85|37.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5376121|Endibir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.11666|37.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5423261|Ezha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.15|37.983333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6758933|Mareko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q122415622|Central Ethiopia Regional State]]''
| {{Coord|8|38.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7553234|Soddo Wereda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q122237660|East Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.3|38.516667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15253216|Meskane]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q122237660|East Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.133333|38.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16969182|Geta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.916667|37.983333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16977966|Muhor Na Aklil]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.233333|38.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24032667|Ejana Ewlnie]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.166667|38.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126000294|Bui]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070678|Gurage Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q122237660|East Gurage Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.316667|38.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2754082|Hosaena]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q122415622|Central Ethiopia Regional State]]''
| {{Coord|7.55|37.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2878580|Badawacho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.16667|37.9167|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|7.1667|37.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198795|Konteb]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|37.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3241174|Limo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.583333|37.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3491240|Soro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.5|37.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4750395|Ana Lemo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.633333|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5314035|Duna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.316667|37.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559080|Gibe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.666667|37.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5581189|Gomibora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.55|37.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6872257|Mirab Badawacho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.166667|37.866667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6875449|Misha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.7|37.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6875928|Misraq Badawacho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.166667|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7490575|Shashogo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.5|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48724387|Shone]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.133333|37.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q128799794|Jajura]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.455556|37.694444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q128907384|Ameka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.783333|37.783333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q129932801|Mirab Soro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.416667|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q129933852|Siraro Badawacho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3125547|Hadiya Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.116667|38.033333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2865907|Dalifage]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444726|Hari Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|40.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3019225|Dewe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444726|Hari Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|10.75|40.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3443013|Simurobi Gele'alo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444726|Hari Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|10|40.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3443041|Telalak]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444726|Hari Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|11.166667|40.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514202|Hadale'ela Afar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444726|Hari Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|10.333333|40.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2874667|Aware]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.58333|44|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Gurdumi Natural Environment 09.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021240|Degehabur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.166667|43.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021241|Degehamedo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|43|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3316352|Misraq Gashamo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.117222|45.346111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25683507|Gunagado]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.8|43.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55604116|Araarso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55605440|Bilcil buur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55605493|Bir-qod]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55609562|Dig (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55638106|Yoocaale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55809555|Dhagax Madow]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1182808|Hawd Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2820216|Abay Chomen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.666667|37.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821455|Abe Dongoro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|36.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844534|Amuru Jarte]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.83333|37.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3118854|Guduru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|37.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3178990|Jimma Rare]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|37.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481302|Shambu city]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.566667|37.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4749007|Amuru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5636596|Hababo Guduru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.666667|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5904664|Horo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.666667|37.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6159615|Jardega Jarte]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.9|37.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16999696|Jimma Genete]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.383333|37.133333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257786|Coman Guduru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2654779|Gechi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.333333|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2832369|Ale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.166667|35.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893561|Bedele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.45|36.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893564|Bedele Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.5|36.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2928317|Bure, Oromia]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.333333|35.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2964481|Chora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.333333|36.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3016116|Darimu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.5|35.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021233|Dega]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|36.133333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3026870|Didessa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.083333|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3175104|Metu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.3|35.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307516|Metu Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|35.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3343373|Nono Sele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.9|35.283333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3504035|Supena Sodo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.5|35.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3572032|Yayu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.166667|36|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4723965|Alge Sache]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|35.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4903612|Bicho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4913557|Bilo Nopha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4944800|Borecha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5094504|Chewaka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.916667|36.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5207520|Dabo Hana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.666667|36.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5274247|Didu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5297724|Doreni]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.683333|38.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5935367|Huka Halu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6739829|Mako]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104640230|Buno Bedele Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.683333|36.016667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16957182|Hurumu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q768586|Illubabor Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q304246|Sigmo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.833333|36.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q385341|Jimma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.666667|36.833333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Jimmamosque.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q666087|Mana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|36.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q693640|Sokoru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.016667|37.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1110037|Agaro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.85|36.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2376156|Setema]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|36.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021096|Dedo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.416667|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3103838|Gera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.666667|36.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3110373|Gomma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.833333|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195518|Kersa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|37.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3241122|Limmu Kosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3241125|Limmu Sakka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.333333|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3352093|Omo Nada]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.5|37.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3477985|Seka Chekorsa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.583333|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3529396|Tiro Afeta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.917|37.33|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5104933|Chora Botor]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.366667|37.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5618018|Guma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.95|36.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7492254|Shebe Senbo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.5|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56460844|Agaro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2826358|Agalo Mite]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1738457|Kamashi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|35.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895030|Belo Jegonfoy]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1738457|Kamashi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.33333|36.1667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|9.33333|36.16667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3485240|Sirba Abbay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1738457|Kamashi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.25|35.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3571933|Yaso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1738457|Kamashi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10|36|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17447305|Kamashi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1738457|Kamashi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|35.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q977149|Bonga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.266667|36.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2962612|Chena]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.15|35.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3020994|Decha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|36.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104464|Gesha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.6|35.766667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3106709|Ginbo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.333333|36.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306009|Menjiwo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|36.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3517418|Telo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.116667|36.483333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5554941|Gewata]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.5|36|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7429236|Sayilem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.8|35.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16258006|Cheta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|36.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16979178|Bita]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.383333|35.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56249366|Bonga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q127429313|Wacha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6383412|Keffa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.15|35.816667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3297248|Masha Anderacha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194654|Keficho Shekicho Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.58333|35.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2563156|Dembi Dollo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.535278|34.800278|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Saio heights in Ethiopia.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2849236|Anfillo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.566667|34.566667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3012309|Dale Lalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|35.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3099626|Gawo Dale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|35.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3128735|Hawa Welele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.58333|35.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3178988|Jimma Gidami]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|34.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3474740|Sayo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.5|34.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5210625|Dale Sedi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.933333|35.216667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5210678|Dale Wabera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.933333|35.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5528474|Gawo Kebe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|34.933333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559484|Gidami]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|34.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5684158|Hawa Gelan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.633333|34.933333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6199291|Jimma Horo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.916667|34.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6480552|Lalo Kile]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.866667|35.316667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8052059|Yemalogi Welele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6385564|Kelem Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.733333|34.733333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2849247|Angacha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.333333|37.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3041503|Durame]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.245833|37.904167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3191725|Kacha Bira]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|37.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194600|Kedida Gamela]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.266667|37.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3352090|Omo Sheleko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3482296|Shinshicho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.205556|37.777778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5212097|Damboya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.366667|37.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5303805|Doyogena]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.366667|37.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5637765|Hadero Tunto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3194972|Kembata Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|37.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1387874|Abala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|13.5|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2825718|Afdera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|13.25|41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896857|Berhale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|13.833333|40.333333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Entre Berhale et Ahmed Ela (1).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3012486|Dallol]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|14.25|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3056069|Erebti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|13.25|40.3333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ET Afar asv2018-01 img91 Erebti.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198642|Koneba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|13.916667|39.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3304289|Megale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|13.166667|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4904270|Bidu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3444683|Kilbet Rasu]]''
| {{Coord|12.916667|41.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108208234|Bale Hawassa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3196964|Kindo Koysha]]''
| {{Coord|6.923055|37.52703|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bale Hawaasa Ambbaa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q614650|Kebri Dahar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.733333|44.266667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3020822|Debeweyin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.166667|44.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194593|Kebri Dahar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.916667|44.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481773|Shekosh]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.5|44.1667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Shekosh town.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3482097|Shilavo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|45.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55605745|Boodaley (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55606809|Ceel-Ogadeen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55613738|Higloley (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55616269|Kudunbuur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55616437|Laas-dhankayre]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55622281|Marsin (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1784199|Korahe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q779527|Filtu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.166667|41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3034264|Dolo Odo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.41667|41.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3326978|Moyale, Somali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q55609498|Dhawa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.166667|40.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7877179|Udet]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q55609498|Dhawa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.416667|39.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104817057|Bokolmayo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''
| {{Coord|4.5|41.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132157192|Deka Suftu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1822845|Liben Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5|40|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5832|Axum]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.116667|38.733333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ET Axum asv2018-01 img34 view from hill.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q380096|Adwa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.166667|38.9|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:City of Adwa, skyline from Drone camera, Oct 2018.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q631190|Werie Lehe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14|39.166667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray Morning, Ethiopia (10581494826).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Werei Leke.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q924874|Abergele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.333333|38.833333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:View from Debre Sema'it to Agbe lowlands.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Tanqua Abergele.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2376195|Adwa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.25|38.916667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ET Tigray asv2018-01 img46 Adwa.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Adwa.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821654|Abiy Addi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.625|39|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Abiy Addi older houses.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3055088|Enticho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.266667|39.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3055091|Enticho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.333333|39.166667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray, Ethiopia (11834467013).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Ahferom.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198433|Kola Tembien]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.666667|38.916667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Weri'i River at the border of Qola Tembien and Na'ider woredas 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Kola Temben.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3206236|La'ilay Maychew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.166667|38.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Small Steles near Aksum.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Laelay Maychew.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306441|Mereb Lehe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.333333|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mereb Leke.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3335012|Naeder Adet]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.833333|38.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Naeder Adet.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3513941|Tahtay Maychew]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.083333|38.583333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tigray, Ethiopia (8205210356).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Tahtay Maychew.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109592123|Tanqua Millash]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902680|Mehakelegnaw Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.555|39.024|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q539919|Dangur]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q742955|Metekel Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.5|35.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q630528|Dibate]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q742955|Metekel Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|36.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2927925|Bulen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q742955|Metekel Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.545|35.975|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.58333|35.91667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3118828|Guba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q742955|Metekel Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.3333|35.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285608|Mandura]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q742955|Metekel Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|36.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3567218|Wenbera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q742955|Metekel Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|35.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3109736|Godere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6826648|Mezhenger Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.266667|35.316667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6816985|Mengesh]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6826648|Mezhenger Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.416667|35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1445950|Tsegede]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902728|Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.5|37.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tsegede.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894601|Wolkait]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902728|Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.75|37.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Welkait.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3110195|Humera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902728|Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.280556|36.611111|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Humera.png|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3191840|Kafta Humera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2902728|Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14|37|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tekeze River in between Kafta Humera and Tahtay Adiyabo Woredas in Tigray 21.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Kafta Humera.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q682810|Sekela]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.983333|37.216667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2354276|Finote Selam]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.7|37.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2823009|Achefer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.6|36.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2824322|Yilmana Densa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.25|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2879292|Bahir Dar Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.5|37.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2928321|Bure Wemberma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.6667|36.75|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.66667|36.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021230|Dega Damot]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.85|37.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3022069|Dembecha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.566667|37.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306257|Mecha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.416667|37.166667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|11.41667|37.16667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4998325|Bure, Gojjam]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.666667|36.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5248632|Debub Achefer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.433333|36.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5581411|Goncha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.083333|37.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7449410|Semien Achefer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.633333|36.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7982169|Wemberma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070736|Mirab Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.633333|36.933333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q987235|Gimbi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|35.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2875010|Ayra Guliso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|35.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893815|Begi, Oromia]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.383333|34.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2909148|Boji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|35.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3106653|Gimbi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.133333|35.933333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3127995|Haru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.916667|35.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3162805|Jarso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.333333|35.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3216542|Lalo Asabi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|35.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285143|Mana Sibu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3305771|Mendi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.8|35.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3337870|Nejo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.566667|35.433333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3342884|Nole Kaba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|35.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3573095|Yubdo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.966667|35.433333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4831646|Ayra]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|35.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4837972|Babo Gambela]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|35.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4938667|Boji Chokorsa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.3|35.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4938669|Boji Dirmaji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.416667|35.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5617682|Guliso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|35.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5887305|Homa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|35.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6408249|Kiltu Kara district]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.716667|35.266667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6428936|Kondala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.35|34.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7429268|Sayo Nole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.833333|35.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55612440|Genji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1709377|Mirab Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|35.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2399966|Baso Liben]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.166667|37.583333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Wergreg- Natural heritage site.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2874652|Awabel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|37.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2901588|Bibugn]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|37.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3020793|Debay Telatgen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.75|37.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021379|Dejen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.3333|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3053701|Enarj Enawga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.8333|38.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3053710|Enbise Sar Midir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.0833|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3054081|Enemay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.6667|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3110437|Goncha Siso Enese]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.1667|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3122373|Gozamin]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3143013|Hulet Ej Enese]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.25|37.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3274259|Machakel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.6667|37.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481695|Shebel Berenta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|38.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4761574|Aneded]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5248541|Debre Elias]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7521734|Sinan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55719612|Debre Marqos]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070764|Misraq Gojjam Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2877864|Babille]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.666667|42.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893566|Bedeno]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|41.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021070|Deder]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|41.3333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|9.25|41.33|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3067952|Fedis]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.83333|42|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3107593|Girawa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.91667|41.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3109968|Gola Oda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.41667|41.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3111366|Goro Gutu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.33333|41.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3120969|Gursum]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.333333|42.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3127565|Haro Maya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.365278|41.987222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3162804|Jarso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.55|42.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195516|Kersa, Hararge]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|41.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198528|Kombolcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.438611|42.121389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3200537|Kurfa Chele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|41.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3282150|Malka Balo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.833333|41.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307179|Meta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.345556|41.5075|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5100089|Chinaksen]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6826583|Meyumuluke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13146400|Gola Odana Meyumuluke]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55623083|Midega Tola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.868889|42.123333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257632|Midhega Tola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257648|Qumbii]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q740499|Bishoftu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|38.983333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lake Hora.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Bishoftu volcanic field.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2422429|Boset]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.66667|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2570767|Batu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.933333|38.716667|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ethiopia central lakes.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2823862|Ada'a]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|38.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2824040|Adama Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.45|39.283333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2824059|Adami Tullu and Jido Kombolcha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|38.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3041004|Dugda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.16667|38.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068406|Fentale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|39.83|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ethiopie-Lac Basaka (1).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3106655|Gimbichu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.833333|39.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3258847|Lome]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.583333|39.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3319332|Mojo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.65|39.0833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tef in Ethiopia 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4944247|Bora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.3|38.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6540513|Liben]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.55|38.883333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56581277|Batu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q303892|Wama Bonaya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q376295|Nekemte]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|36.55|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Nekemte.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q787088|Ibantu District]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10|36.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2902631|Bila Seyo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.16667|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3027724|Diga Leka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.83333|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3105402|Gida Kiremu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|35.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3121423|Guto Wayu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.16667|36.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3178986|Jimma Arjo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.666667|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3178989|Jimma Horo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.33333|37.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3241124|Limmu District]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.833333|36.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3346443|Nunu Kumba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473789|Sasiga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3482960|Sibu Sire]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|36.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4941221|Bonaya Boshe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.916667|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5275497|Diga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|36.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5575602|Gobu Seyo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.1|36.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5621831|Guto Gida]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5659805|Haro Limmu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.833333|36.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6520555|Leka Dulecha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.9|36.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7966892|Wama Hagalo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.8|36.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7976892|Wayu Tuka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.133333|36.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16965400|Gudeya Bila]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.333333|37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56653589|Nekemte]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q116754025|Gida Ayana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.833333|36.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120359403|Kiremu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10|36.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257721|Kiramu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257741|Gobu Sayo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257747|Gudaya Bila]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257754|Gudaya Jare]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3027868|Dihun]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q131455831|Nogob]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|42.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104011|Gerbo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1418676|Nogob Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.333333|43.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3477732|Segeg]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1418676|Nogob Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.5|42.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7403455|Salahad]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1418676|Nogob Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q55610992|Erer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.416667|42|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55604587|Ayun (woreda)]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1418676|Nogob Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55613944|Hora-shagax]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1418676|Nogob Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131433801|Elwayne]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1418676|Nogob Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131433810|Hararey]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1418676|Nogob Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133891847|Gofa Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478427|North Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|36.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2829104|Akobo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17108122|Nuer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.916667|33.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3178655|Jikawo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17108122|Nuer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|33.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6488866|Lare]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17108122|Nuer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.316667|33.933333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7982975|Wentawo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17108122|Nuer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.333333|33.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110104364|Makuey]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17108122|Nuer Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.25|33.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24032928|Yaya Gulele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|38.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257415|Aminyaa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257431|Baale Gasgar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257435|Coole]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257438|Guuna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257445|Roobe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q646859|Arsi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257623|Dubuluk]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109855|Borena Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257641|Goro Muti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257671|Dire Xiyara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3113831|Misraq Hararghe Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257685|Boora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109846|Misraq Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257763|Gida Kiramu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109870|Misraq Welega Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257778|Dama]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257781|Aga Wayu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5617057|Guji Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124257814|Horo Buluq]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5904662|Horo Gudru Welega Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260786|Botor Xolay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260799|Mancho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260802|Bacho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260808|Omo Beyan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109877|Jimma Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260837|Heeban Arssi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124260861|Wando]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124284672|Cobii]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124314310|Debra Libanos]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2597088|Akaki]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Addis Ababa]]
| {{Coord|8.75|38.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2832643|Sebeta Hawas]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| {{Coord|8.75|38.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896994|Bereh]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3139315|Holeta Genet]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| {{Coord|9.05|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3327625|Sululta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3476942|Sebeta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5248635|Debub Mirab Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.916667|38.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3478522|Sendafa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| {{Coord|9.15|39.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3565576|Walmara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| {{Coord|9.083333|38.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6934311|Mulo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| {{Coord|9.333333|38.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56605479|Sebeta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7103766|Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2865904|Artuma Fursina Jile]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|39.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2891333|Bati]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.3333|39.8333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|11.333333|39.833333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|11.33|39.83|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2962056|Chefe Golana Dewerahmedo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11|39.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194987|Kamisee]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.716667|39.87|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4801577|Artuma Fursi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.4|40.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5242258|Dawa Harewa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.73|40.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6192660|Jile Timuga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.19059|40.02182|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17037352|Dawa Chefe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.999944|39.757|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Chaffa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56627958|Kemise]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q600081|Oromia Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55757691|Amaro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55757445|Segen Area Peoples Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.833333|37.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55757706|Burji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55757445|Segen Area Peoples Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.483333|37.866667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55757708|Derashe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q55757445|Segen Area Peoples Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.65|37.366667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2391483|Qwara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.5|35.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2824138|Addi Arkay]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.6667|38|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ethio w34.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2832403|Alefa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.25|36.3333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|12.25|36.33333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894304|Belessa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.25|37.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894614|Wegera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13|37.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2899109|Chilga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.75|36.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900447|Beyeda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.5|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3011586|Dabat]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.1667|37.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3020792|Debarq]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.3333|37.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3022072|Dembiya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.6667|37.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3110446|Gondar Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.6667|37.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3161614|Jan Amora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.983333|38.116667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3219954|Lay Armachiho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13|37.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307331|Metemma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13|36.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3472289|Sanja]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.3333|36.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6872258|Mirab Belessa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6875929|Misraq Belessa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7673687|Tach Armachiho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7678612|Takusa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.0324|36.9466|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7694682|Tegeda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7849508|Tselemt]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.616667|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17094051|Mirab Armachiho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20630077|Gondar]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.6|37.466667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55720797|Kuara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916380|Semien Gondar Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q568652|Medebay Zana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14|38.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Medebay Zana.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q743859|Shire]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.1|38.2833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Buildings in Shire, Tigray.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2866634|Asigede Tsimbela]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14|38|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tekeze river at the border of Tselemti and Tsimbla woredas in Tigray 17.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Asgede Tsimbila.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3206235|La'ilay Adiyabo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.333333|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:La'ilay Adiyabo.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3482331|Shiraro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.395833|37.773056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3513939|Tahtay Adiyabo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.3333|37.8333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tekeze River in between Kafta Humera and Tahtay Adiyabo Woredas in Tigray 16.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3513942|Tahtay Koraro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14.166667|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tahtay Koraro.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541485|Tselemti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.666667|38.166667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Scenery en route from Gondar to Shire - Tigray Province - Ethiopia - 02 (8698438949).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Tselemti.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109329285|Tsimbla]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.916667|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120823251|Inda Aba Guna]]''
| 
| 
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.95|38.183333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120824273|Asgede]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7449411|Semien Mi'irabawi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|14|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2849718|Angolalla Terana Asagirt]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.66667|39.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850353|Ankober]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|39.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857654|Antsokiyana Gemza]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.75|39.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896993|Berehet]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.33333|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3020926|Basona Werana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.83333|39.3333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|9.8333|39.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049100|Efratana Gidim]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|39.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3103836|Gera Midirna Keya Gebriel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.5|39.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104466|Geshe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.75|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125694|Hagere Mariamna Kesem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.216667|39.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195845|Kewet]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.1667|39.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3219955|Merhabete]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.083333|39.033333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3276482|Termaber]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.849722|39.7325|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3284756|Mam Midrina Lalo Midir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.25|39.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306002|Minjarna Shenkora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.16667|39.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323932|Moretna Jiru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.95|39.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3485774|Ensaro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.83333|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4763758|Angolalla Tera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4803321|Asagirt]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6817697|Menz Gera Midir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6817699|Menz Keya Gebreal]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6817700|Menz Lalo Midir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6817703|Menz Mam Midir]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6894976|Mojana Wadera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.966667|39.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7533309|Siyadebrina Wayu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56489743|Fiche]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56611674|Debre Berhan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070780|Semien Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q972313|Habru]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|39.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1529783|Wadla]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.8333|38.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2378407|Guba Lafto]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12|39.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2927733|Bugna]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.3333|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3019273|Dawuntna Delant]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3105404|Gidan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.25|39.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198140|Kobo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.25|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3304812|Meket]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5242718|Dawunt]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5253165|Delanta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2919962|Debub Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.5932|39.2125|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6494931|Lasta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.038056|38.991611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56628071|Weldiya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2916300|Semien Wollo Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q744673|Gode]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.95|43.55|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:US Navy 061110-N-3884F-139 Local Ethiopians gather supplies on the taxiway from an Air Force C-130H Hercules aircraft assigned to Combined Joint Task Force Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) delivered humanitarian aid to flood victims i.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3013297|Danan]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.75|43.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068770|Ferfer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.25|45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3109692|Gode]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.166667|43.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194834|Kelafo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.333333|44.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3328887|Mustahil]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.416667|44.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4678347|Adadle]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.5|43.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6003977|Imiberi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.666667|42.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30674531|Beercaano]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124289923|Elele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124289929|Abaaqoorow]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1435849|Shabelle Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1266796|Ambo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.983333|37.85|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambo ethiopia steffenwurzel.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2824131|Adda Berga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|38.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842131|Ambo Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|37.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2880302|Bako Tibe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|37.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2962195|Cheliya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3015333|Dano]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.733333|37.283333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3022296|Dendi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.916667|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049548|Ejerie]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|38.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3106713|Ginde Beret]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|37.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3176850|Jeldu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307182|Meta Robi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.416667|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3343374|Nono]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.5|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3528408|Tikur Enchini]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.833333|37.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4670620|Abuna Ginde Beret]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.616667|37.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5359876|Elfata]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.166667|37.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6192004|Jibat]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.716667|37.466667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6841084|Midakegn]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.133333|37.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7813527|Toke Kutaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9|37.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55609664|Dire Enchini]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124284686|Liban Jawwi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1109833|West Shewa Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1067163|Tepi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7493221|Sheka Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.2|35.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3572097|Yeki]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7493221|Sheka Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.266667|35.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6783045|Masha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7493221|Sheka Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|35.466667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6783048|Masha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7493221|Sheka Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.733333|35.483333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16251171|Anderacha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7493221|Sheka Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.566667|35.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q784515|Yaya Gulelena Debre Liban]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.583333|38.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821604|Abichuna Gne'a]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.633333|39.283333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3023542|Dera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|10.166667|38.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3073074|Fiche]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.8|38.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3100103|Degem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|38.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3103930|Gerar Jarso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.833333|38.766667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3135217|Hidabu Abote]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.833333|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194974|Kembibit]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.416667|39.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3200732|Kuyu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|38.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3566240|Wara Jarso]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.95|38.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3570146|Wuchale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.416667|38.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4716049|Aleltu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.25|39.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5248544|Debre Libanos]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.666667|38.833333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Canyon, Debre Libanos, Ethiopia - panoramio - MarcD..jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6192157|Jido]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|9.416667|39.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126037817|Shararo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q930894|Aroresa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2832860|Aleta Wendo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.583333|38.433333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2859634|Arbegona]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.666667|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2874668|Awasa Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|7|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896693|Bensa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|38.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3012279|Dale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.75|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3015970|Dara]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|38.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3142991|Hula]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.58333|38.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481692|Shebedino]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4941052|Bona Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4945120|Boricha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.916667|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5000548|Bursa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.6|38.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5091869|Chere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.5|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5116034|Chuko]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.6|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5584573|Gorche]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|38.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6743190|Malga]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.916667|38.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7982955|Wensho]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.75|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8031941|Wondo Genet]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|7.066667|38.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17046109|Loko Abaya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070673|Sidama Region]]''
| {{Coord|6.666667|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3012537|Dalocha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|38.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3217166|Lanfro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|38.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483940|Silte]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.916667|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3569881|Worabe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.85|38.183333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4726216|Alicho Werero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8|38.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6872256|Mirab Azernet Berbere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|37.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6875925|Misraq Azernet Berbere]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.783333|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7418776|Sankurra]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.583333|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8039151|Wulbareg]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.75|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126013611|Tora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.86|38.42|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126013805|Kibet]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|8.024722|38.328611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126085684|Mito]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.666667|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126086983|Misraq Silti]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7515593|Silt'e Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.916667|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q289859|Ayesha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.75|42.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2825709|Afdem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.25|41.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3022070|Dembel]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.833333|42.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3056135|Erer]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|41.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3312793|Mieso, Somali]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.5|40.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3482214|Shinile]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.75|42|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56153235|Hadhagaale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.333333|42.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56153242|Geblalu]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|10.666667|41.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56153244|Gota biki]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2279103|Sitti Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.666667|41.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124289941|Shabeeley]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202800|Somali Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.1|42.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124289947|Harawo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202800|Somali Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1688972|Fafan Zone]]''
| {{Coord|9.8|42.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2920079|Fogera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.9667|37.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3023544|Dera]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|37.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3046799|Ebenat]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.1667|38.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3058857|Este]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.6667|38.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3067029|Farta]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194976|Kemekem]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.3333|37.6667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|12.33|37.67|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3219956|Lay Gayint]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12|38.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3484086|Simada]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.5|38.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3513588|Tach Gayint]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.75|38.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6872259|Mirab Este]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.383333|37.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6875931|Misraq Este]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| {{Coord|11.583333|38.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56605421|Debre Tabor]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070727|South Gondar Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2458434|Zalambessa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q200127|Tigray Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3316357|Eastern Zone, Tigray]]''
| {{Coord|14.525|39.385|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021287|Dehana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070687|Wag Hemra Zone]]''
| {{Coord|12.6667|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3491118|Soqota]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070687|Wag Hemra Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13|38.8333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hauts plateaux-Environs de Sekota (8).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3575528|Zikuala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070687|Wag Hemra Zone]]''
| {{Coord|13.1667|38.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5529030|Gazbibla]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070687|Wag Hemra Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7446487|Sehala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070687|Wag Hemra Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56611617|Soqota]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1070687|Wag Hemra Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q662736|Seraro]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3478428|Shewa]]''
| {{Coord|7.166667|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q731020|Shashamane]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.2|38.583333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Shashemene.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2381608|Adaba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| {{Coord|7|39.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2864413|Arsi Negele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| {{Coord|7.33333|38.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3033674|Dodola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.983333|39.183333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3033676|Dodola]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|39.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3100056|Gedeb Hassasa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.166667|39.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198251|Kofele]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202107|Oromia Region]]''
| {{Coord|7.066667|38.833333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198395|Kokosa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|38.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3338054|Nensebo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.583333|39.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481547|Shashamene Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|38.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6431569|Kore]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.25|39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7487115|Shala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6872255|West Arsi Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.333333|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3100263|Abaya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q98270614|West Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|38.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125691|Bule Hora]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q98270614|West Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.583333|38.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5312499|Dugda Dawa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q98270614|West Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.383333|38.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5530360|Gelana]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q98270614|West Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5644196|Hambela Wamena]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q98270614|West Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6|38.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6393737|Kercha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q98270614|West Guji Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.783333|38.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20622016|Malka Soda]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q98270614|West Guji Zone]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032672|Maji]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q110078103|West Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.916667|35.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3505376|Surma]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q110078103|West Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|5.95|35.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16254391|Bero]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q110078103|West Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.333333|35.166667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17044358|Meinit Goldiya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q110078103|West Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.8|35.866667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17073740|Meinit Shasha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q110078103|West Omo Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.583333|35.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q965112|Boditi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.952778|37.855556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2909507|Boloso Sore]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.08333|37.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3012969|Damot Gale]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.966667|37.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3012972|Damot Weyde]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.9224|37.9506|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Damot Weyide.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3143230|Humbo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.666667|37.716667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Humbo District.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3196964|Kindo Koysha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.9252|37.5767|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bale Hawaasa Ambbaa ogiya.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3349510|Oofa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.7088|37.5458|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ofa District.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3488785|Sodo Zuria]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.833333|37.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sooddo Yuushuwa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4788771|Areka]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.066667|37.7|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Araka.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4940000|Boloso Bombe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.083333|37.583333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Boloso Bombe District.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5212917|Damot Pulasa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.033333|37.833333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Daamoota Pullaasa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5212918|Damot Sore]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.95|37.65|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Daamota Soore.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5276377|Diguna Fango]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.962913|37.997593|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Diguna Fango,.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6410633|Kindo Didaye]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.75|37.333333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Kindo Didaye Coal.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91353166|Bedessa]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.880308|37.93361|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108166787|Gununo]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.927569|37.652715|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Gununo city view.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108239161|Tabala]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.706667|37.769444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108293179|Gesuba]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.724167|37.556667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Gasuba.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108649302|Bayra Koysha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.80696|37.605|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bayra Koysha.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108649303|Kawo Koysha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.7646|37.4495|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108649310|Abala Abaya]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.616667|37.85|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Abala Abaya 02.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109284466|Hobicha]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|6.76511|37.87588|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hobicha District Land form.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109286637|Bombe]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]''
| ''[[:d:Q8029709|Wolayita Zone]]''
| {{Coord|7.138696|37.581116|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>563ki1a6w8b3ep6s03ugv5hvoh3735u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Nigerian Young Academy</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67875</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636082</id>
      <parentid>634329</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T04:41:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636082</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7239" sha1="9yrkhtijzi5q2ldls42ce66axblscy5" xml:space="preserve">These are the members of the [https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q65951953 Nigerian Young Academy] the National young academy for Nigeria.

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT 
  DISTINCT ?item 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count)
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing{{!}}📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WHERE { 
  ?item wdt:P463 wd:Q65951953 .
  OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item }
}
GROUP BY ?item
|section=
|sort=P463/Q65951953/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P463/Q65951953/P580:Start date,P463/Q65951953/P582:End date,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! iṣẹ́ oòjọ́ rẹ̀
! ORCID iD
! Google Scholar author ID
! VIAF ID
! Start date
! End date
! Image
! Publications
|-
| ''[[:d:Q68913268|Blessing Mbabie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q462390|docent]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68913268|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68913268/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57967396|Abiodun Egbetokun]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2069-7648 0000-0002-2069-7648]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=veektCMAAAAJ veektCMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306374855 306374855]
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57967396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57967396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65951935|Samuel Sojinu]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=V8ggy9kAAAAJ V8ggy9kAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q65951935|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q65951935/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75180733|Luqman Abidoye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75180733|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75180733/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75180872|Elijah Adebayo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75180872|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75180872/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75181105|Isaac Oluseun Adejumo]]''
| [[olùkọ̀wé]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104998289|animal scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0994-5935 0000-0003-0994-5935]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75181105|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75181105/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75181294|Adejoke Akinyele]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9086-1554 0000-0002-9086-1554]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lYqf69wAAAAJ lYqf69wAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/159163873434545720352 159163873434545720352]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/52146094289200331741 52146094289200331741]
| 2014
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75181294|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75181294/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75183545|Emmanuel Awosanya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75183545|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75183545/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75183834|Raphael Babatunde]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3438-1054 0000-0002-3438-1054]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=MxS3Vo0AAAAJ MxS3Vo0AAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75183834|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75183834/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75184688|Obinna Ekwunife]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75184688|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75184688/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75185210|Olatunji Kolawole]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75185210|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75185210/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75186010|Aliyu Muhammad]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75186010|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75186010/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75186272|Obinna Nwinyi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9314-6460 0000-0001-9314-6460]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5AfuAA4AAAAJ 5AfuAA4AAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75186272|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75186272/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75186851|Temitope Odetoye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1266283|senior lecturer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75186851|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75186851/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75187016|Daniel Okuonghae]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187016|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187016/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75187221|Temitope Olomola]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187221|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187221/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57166095|Tèmítópé Gbóláhàn Jaíyéọlá]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8695-5478 0000-0002-8695-5478]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=takON5AAAAAJ takON5AAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/5042160310489258300002 5042160310489258300002]
| 2014
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57166095|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57166095/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75187546|Martins Omorogie]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187546|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187546/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75187708|Iyekhoetin Omoruyi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187708|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75187708/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75188035|Oluwatosin Rotimi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75188035|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75188035/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75188486|Anthony Ugbenyen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75188486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75188486/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75188645|Foluke Unuabonah]]''
| ''[[:d:Q974144|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16308156|scholar of English]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/13155343928506312149 13155343928506312149]
| 2016
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75188645|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75188645/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ndubuisi Ekekwe]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ndubuisi Ekekwe.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54861155|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54861155/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56775686|Oyetunde Oyeyemi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3089-2578 0000-0002-3089-2578]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=P-yaqzIAAAAJ P-yaqzIAAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56775686|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56775686/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61121533|Mutiu Idowu Kazeem]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-1938 0000-0002-8058-1938]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61121533|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61121533/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>9yrkhtijzi5q2ldls42ce66axblscy5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Fellows of the Nigerian National Academy of Sciences</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67880</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636044</id>
      <parentid>635899</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-11T12:21:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636044</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="67944" sha1="qhogtnhz5z2h4rw0wagqsiutcse2nxq" xml:space="preserve">[https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q69092328 Fellows of the Nigerian National Academy of Sciences] 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT 
  DISTINCT ?item 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count)
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing{{!}}📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WHERE { 
  ?item wdt:P166 wd:Q69092328 .
  OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item }
}
GROUP BY ?item|section=
|sort=P166/Q69092328/P585
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P166/Q69092328/P585:Date conferred,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! iṣẹ́ oòjọ́ rẹ̀
! ORCID iD
! Google Scholar author ID
! VIAF ID
! Date conferred
! Image
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21005784|Oluwole B. Familoni]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5480-232X 0000-0002-5480-232X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jYwKyIQAAAAJ jYwKyIQAAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21005784|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21005784/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Mojisola Adeyeye]]
| ''[[:d:Q105186|pharmacist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858251|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858251/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Musibau Adewunmi Akanji|Musbau Adewumi Akanji]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4476-454X 0000-0003-4476-454X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ScOP4eEAAAAJ ScOP4eEAAAAJ]
| 
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:FUT.Minna Prof. Musbau A. Akanji.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858371|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858371/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51858431|Joseph Eberendu Ahaneku]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Ahaneku.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858431|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858431/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51858437|Michael Umale Adikwu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858437|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51858437/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Deborah Ajakaiye]]
| ''[[:d:Q12094958|geophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4616798 4616798]
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16105317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16105317/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Jubril Aminu|Jibril Aminu]]
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q193391|diplomat]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3264451|cardiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/72930256 72930256]
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6301957|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6301957/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30090012|Oye Gureje]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-5947 0000-0003-0094-5947]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/311810867 311810867]
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:POG.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30090012|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30090012/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Catherine Falade]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-6033 0000-0003-4755-6033]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/316552768 316552768]
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55176086|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55176086/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ogbonnaya Onu]]
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27963581 27963581]
| 2020
| [[Fáìlì:Ogbonnaya Onu - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q13655513|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q13655513/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Alexander Animalu]]
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WYCcrnkAAAAJ WYCcrnkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/36492346 36492346]
| 1980
| [[Fáìlì:Alexander Animalu.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4718223|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4718223/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54313807|Thomas Adesanya Ige Grillo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54313807|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54313807/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111982496|Adenike Oladiji]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q111982496|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q111982496/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4865269|Bartholomew O. Nnaji]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/113602104 113602104]
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4865269|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4865269/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75798588|Njidda M. Gadzama]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3743-8239 0000-0002-3743-8239]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/116395774 116395774]
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75798588|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75798588/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Patrick Obi Ngoddy]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q131512|farmer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q63179158|food engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75798728|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75798728/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75799110|Alfred A. Susu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1994
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799110|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799110/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75799475|Mark Nwagwu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q49757|poet]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1994
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Mark Nwagwu.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799475|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799475/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75511268|Emmanuel Uche Odigboh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75511268|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75511268/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75799649|Paul O. Okonkwo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1979
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799649|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799649/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75799736|Elijah D. Mshelia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85639901 85639901]
| 1994
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799736|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75799736/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Babatunde Lawal Salako]]
| ''[[:d:Q20739489|nephrologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141638|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141638/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113141639|Bolanle Adeniyi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q105570105|pharmaceutical scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=n2EBeXsAAAAJ n2EBeXsAAAAJ]
| 
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141639|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141639/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113141636|Anthony Attama]]''
| ''[[:d:Q105570105|pharmaceutical scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5751-2280 0000-0002-5751-2280]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PKTI5ggAAAAJ PKTI5ggAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/305609745 305609745]
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141636|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141636/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113141637|Augustine Ubachukwu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qj1tUXQAAAAJ qj1tUXQAAAAJ]
| 
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141637|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141637/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113141642|Lateef Sanni]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1781198|agronomist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3363-6091 0000-0003-3363-6091]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Q3H6FEMAAAAJ Q3H6FEMAAAAJ]
| 
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141642|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141642/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113141643|Timothy Odiaka]]''
| ''[[:d:Q34463094|organic chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141643|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141643/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113141640|James Ogbonna]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xasaLiYAAAAJ xasaLiYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/128165747316053932169 128165747316053932169]
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141640/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113141641|Joseph Olusegun Ayo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2055046|physiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nUOfarcAAAAJ nUOfarcAAAAJ]
| 
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141641|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q113141641/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75226075|Oyebiodun Longe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226075|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226075/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75082227|Jacob Kwada Paghi Kwaga]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6922-0998 0000-0002-6922-0998]
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75082227|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75082227/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75514799|Emmanuel O. Anosike]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75514799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75514799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75226666|Ifeanyi Charles Ume]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226666|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226666/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Suleiman Bogoro|Suleiman Elias Bogoro]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| [[Fáìlì:Suleiman Elias Bogoro.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75082585|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75082585/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75226809|Gabriel N. Egbunike]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226809|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226809/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Olufemi Bamiro]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/39057210 39057210]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19865586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19865586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75226925|Abayomi Olusola Akanji]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75226925/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72202313|Samuel N.C. Okonkwo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q126368762|agricultural scientist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/78353836 78353836]
| 1979
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72202313|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72202313/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Pius N. Okeke]]
| ''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ApO-U6cAAAAJ ApO-U6cAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/271139961 271139961]
| 1998
| [[Fáìlì:PROF. PN OKEKE AS PROF. EMERITUS- 2015.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70618710|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70618710/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75234885|Emmanuel Chukwuemeka Okafor]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75234885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75234885/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75811825|Alexander D. Wozuzu Acholonu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107622091|academic dean]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/18924672 18924672]
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75811825|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75811825/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16846432|Ifedayo Oladapo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16846432|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16846432/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75236118|Akinola Muritala Salau]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75236118|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75236118/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75236706|Babatunde Owolabi Onadeko]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15401884|medical researcher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75236706|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75236706/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55629671|Cornelius Adedapo Kogbe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/196156051 196156051]
| 1985
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55629671|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55629671/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75237164|Gabriel Kayode Falade]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75237164|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75237164/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75814686|Ephraim Efiong]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75814686|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75814686/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58371457|Mayowa Ojo Owolabi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1146-3070 0000-0003-1146-3070]
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58371457|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58371457/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75816990|Gordian Obuneme Ezekwe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75816990|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75816990/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75817925|Idris Mohammed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75817925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75817925/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75818012|Joseph Yusuf Yayock]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75818012|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75818012/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75243183|Israel F Adu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75243183|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75243183/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75820200|Sulaiman Adeniyi Adekola]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75820200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75820200/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75821486|Joshua Ajadi Faniran]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75821486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75821486/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75821589|Olusegun Ladimeji Oke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75821589|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75821589/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75825781|Andrew Oteku Evwaraye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1987
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75825781|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75825781/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75826028|Adelola Adeloye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q9385011|neurosurgeon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1987
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826028|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826028/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75826547|Gabriel Ayodele Makanjuola]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1986
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826547|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826547/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75826831|Charles Okolo Okafor]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1986
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826831/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75826944|Henry Ehikpehale Enahoro]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1985
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826944|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75826944/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75106127|Samuel Olusegun Akande]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75106127|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75106127/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75827429|Anthony Malomo Adia Imevbore]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1983
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75827429|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75827429/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75827746|George Joseph Folayan Esan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1982
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75827746|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75827746/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64871722|Sunday W. Petters]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/29606422 29606422]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64871722|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64871722/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75829999|Osondu John Eze-Uzomaka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1981
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75829999|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75829999/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75830255|Cornelius O. Orangun]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1981
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75830255|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75830255/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75109736|J. Chukwuemeka Agunwamba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q13582652|civil engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/284593770 284593770]
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75109736|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75109736/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75109908|Mufutau Babs Oyeneyin]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75109908|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75109908/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75254131|Olusegun Ekundayo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75254131|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75254131/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75110097|Martins Olusola Olorunfemi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75110097|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75110097/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75832021|Oladipo Olujimi Akinkugbe]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20739489|nephrologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/276415261 276415261]
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75832021|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75832021/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75832117|Timothy Ajibola Taylor]]''
| ''[[:d:Q56677038|agricultural biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/303937339 303937339]
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75832117|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75832117/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75832592|Cyril Obiora Enwonwu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1979
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75832592|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75832592/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75112392|Emiola O. Olapade-Olaopa]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17345122|urologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75112392|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75112392/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75112516|Karniyus Shingu Gamaniel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75112516|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75112516/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75112716|Charles Okechukwu Esimone]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12416358|vice-chancellor]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1753-6763 0000-0002-1753-6763]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/305561378 305561378]
| 2017
| [[Fáìlì:Prof. Charles Esimone.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75112716|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75112716/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75833792|Alexander Eyimofe Boyo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3332427|clinical pathologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17156912|malariologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| [[Fáìlì:A.E. Boyo. Photograph. Wellcome V0028066 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75833792|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75833792/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75833964|Babatunde Olusiji Osunkoya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75833964|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75833964/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75113556|Edith Oriabure Ajaiyeoba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75113556|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75113556/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75113702|Chidi Emmanuel Akujor]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75113702|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75113702/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64878034|Adesola Ogunniyi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2946-8956 0000-0002-2946-8956]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64878034|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64878034/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75114533|Peter Achuike Akah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75114533|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75114533/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75114791|Richard Adebayo Adegbola]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75114791|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75114791/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ayodele Olajide Falase|Ayodele O. Falase]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q69948825|medical faculty]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q21281706|academic administrator]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/12370842 12370842]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64735479|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64735479/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75836662|Gabriel Ediale Osuide]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75836662|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75836662/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q74107303|Olapeju Aiyelaagbe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-4104 0000-0003-2281-4104]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xCFGB1QAAAAJ xCFGB1QAAAAJ]
| 
| 2024
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q74107303|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q74107303/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85354126|Ganiyu Oboh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5167-9779 0000-0001-5167-9779]
| 
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q85354126|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q85354126/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75839440|Sauel O. Alasoadura]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839440|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839440/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75839463|Emmanuel Ayotunde Yoloye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839463|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839463/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64738505|Charles Igwe Arizechukwu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2021
| [[Fáìlì:THE NEW VC READING ANGLICAN HYMS DURING HIS INAUGRATION AT EKPO REFECTORY UNN.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64738505|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64738505/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75839678|Patrick Iloba Amenechi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839678|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839678/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75839685|Frank Mene Adedemiswanye Ukoli]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q27497422|helminthologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/70271313 70271313]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839685|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839685/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75839691|Samuel Afolabi Toye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839691|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839691/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75839696|Ayodele Tella]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839696|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839696/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75839861|Mosobalaje Olaloye Oyawoye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839861|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75839861/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71804243|Bede Nwoye Okigbo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1781198|agronomist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3746192|phytopathologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q7201517|plant geneticist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/31022139 31022139]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71804243|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71804243/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7072146|O. O. Adewoye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7072146|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7072146/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17164819|Chukwuedu Nwokolo]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1986
| [[Fáìlì:Chukwuedu Nwokolo and Family 4.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17164819|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17164819/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105829346|Christine Oppong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4488-5405 0000-0003-4488-5405]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=6mZcjt4AAAAJ 6mZcjt4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22288059 22288059]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q105829346|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q105829346/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75266550|Akintoye Olusegun Coker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3368718|pathologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75266550|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75266550/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43549311|Olanike Adeyemo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q202883|veterinarian]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-5090 0000-0003-3404-5090]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=AbsyqJgAAAAJ AbsyqJgAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/305638553 305638553]
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Olanike Adeyemo portrait .jpeg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43549311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43549311/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75699562|Olabopo Osuntokun]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12013238|ophthalmologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75699562|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75699562/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75699847|Vincent E. Aimakhu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75699847|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75699847/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75267821|Sunday A. Bwala]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75267821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75267821/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Francisca Nneka Okeke]]
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/182166797 182166797]
| 2010
| [[Fáìlì:Prof. Francisca Okeke.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15725998|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15725998/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6932958|Muhammed K. Abubakar]]''
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6932958|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6932958/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Isaac Folorunso Adewole]]
| ''[[:d:Q2640827|gynecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q13638192|obstetrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5341-2514 0000-0002-5341-2514]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/246152742984427732066 246152742984427732066]
| 2011
| [[Fáìlì:Prof. Isaac F. Adewole (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062079|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062079/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75270070|Alphonso C.I. Anusiem]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75270070|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75270070/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21062192|Kehinde O. Ladipo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062192|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062192/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21062369|Isa Marte Hussaini]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062369|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062369/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75270408|Lekan S. Salimonu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75270408|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75270408/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21062618|Nicholas Agiobi Damachi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062618|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21062618/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43697544|Anthony I. Okoh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-085X 0000-0002-9770-085X]
| 
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21063465|Oluwole Akinyele Agbede]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21063465|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21063465/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21063472|Uche Veronica Amazigo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21063472|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21063472/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21063473|Sunny Edet Ohia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21063473|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21063473/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16017608|Fabian Udekwu]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q774306|surgeon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16017608|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16017608/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71811551|O. S. Adegoke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/161366269 161366269]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71811551|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71811551/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75128324|Jude U. Ohaneri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75128324|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75128324/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Oluwatoyin Ogundipe]]
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12416358|vice-chancellor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q723682|dean]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/219152138567310980964 219152138567310980964]
| 2017
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Ogundipe.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q50331388|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q50331388/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64748489|Donald Efiong Udo Ekong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/84158185823020062190 84158185823020062190]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64748489|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64748489/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18326258|Tolu Odugbemi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-8666 0000-0002-7597-8666]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LI2E6S8AAAAJ LI2E6S8AAAAJ]
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18326258|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18326258/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75275218|Gabriel O. Ajayi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75275218|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75275218/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21933512|Friday E. Okonofua]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2640827|gynecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q13638192|obstetrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q21281706|academic administrator]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-2606 0000-0002-8777-2606]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lWa_57sAAAAJ lWa_57sAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/31975441 31975441]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46200996 46200996]
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21933512|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21933512/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Babalola Chinedum Peace]]
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12416358|vice-chancellor]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-8032 0000-0001-9173-8032]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Lvw32FsAAAAJ Lvw32FsAAAAJ]
| 
| 2011
| [[Fáìlì:Professor Babalola Chinedum Peace.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21934164|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21934164/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4778204|Anya Oko Anya]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/72739525 72739525]
| 1979
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4778204|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4778204/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75279014|Salihu Mustafa]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75279014|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75279014/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Olikoye Ransome-Kuti]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/35882343 35882343]
| 1992
| [[Fáìlì:Family Ransome Kuti c1940.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7086859|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7086859/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71100029|Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/54152682509123311242 54152682509123311242]
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71100029|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71100029/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Olumbe Bassir]]
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7088847|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7088847/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7088876|B. Oluwakayode Osuntokun]]''
| ''[[:d:Q783906|neurologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/45860555 45860555]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7088876|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7088876/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75282910|Pius J. Egbelu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75282910|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75282910/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42412314|Iruka Okeke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1694-7587 0000-0002-1694-7587]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=KCc3tdAAAAAJ KCc3tdAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/124748506 124748506]
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42412314|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42412314/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145837|Joseph Olorunfemi Ojo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145837|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145837/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145843|Patrick Oladipo Aina]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145843|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145843/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145840|Adekunle Odunsi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145840|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145840/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145841|Chidi Adonis Ibe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145841|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145841/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145883|Dennies Edokpaigbe Agbonlahor]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145883|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145883/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145886|Ogoamaka Patience Osadebe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145886|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145886/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145884|John Okhienaiye Agbenin]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145885|John Adeyinka Adekoya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145885/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145892|Sunday Ayodele Odunfa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145892|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145892/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145903|James Adeche Momoh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85217213 85217213]
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145903|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145903/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145906|Oladele O. Kale]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145906|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145906/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75145907|John Alechenu Idoko]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145907|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75145907/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75146079|Chukwudozie Daniel Ezeokoli]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146079|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146079/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75146215|Tola Atinmo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146215|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146215/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75146291|Sunday Ene-ojo Atawodi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146291|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146291/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75146363|Alfred B.O. Soboyejo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146363|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146363/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75146547|Akinyhinka Omokolapo Omigbodun]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146547|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146547/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75146946|Akaehomen O. Akii Ibhadode]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146946|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75146946/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Akpanoluo Ikpong Ikpong Ette]]
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20650974|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20650974/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100233959|Grace Olusola Gbotosho]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2114605|pharmacologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q100233959|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q100233959/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75148458|Victor Onwubalili Anosa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75148458|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75148458/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Abẹli Ìdòwú Ọlayinka|Abel Idowu Olayinka]]
| ''[[:d:Q12094958|geophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/56062335 56062335]
| 2012
| [[Fáìlì:Abel Idowu Olayinka.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21229527|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21229527/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22671516|Ekanem Ikpi Braide]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12416358|vice-chancellor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/28596456 28596456]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22671516|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22671516/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Kayode Oyebode Adebowale]]
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q21281706|academic administrator]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| [[Fáìlì:IMG-20230611-WA0020.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75149847|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75149847/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Akinpelu Oludele Adesola|Akin O Adesola]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q774306|surgeon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1985
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18204919|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18204919/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Babatunde Kwaku Adadevoh]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3368718|pathologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/65322217 65322217]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18205082|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18205082/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72558558|Nduka Okafor]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1979
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72558558|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72558558/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69963952|Babafemi Taiwo]]''
| [[olùkọ̀wé]]
| 
| 
| 
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69963952|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69963952/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71694570|Joseph Ibomein Okogun]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1979
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71694570|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71694570/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75298842|Gabriel I. Ekeke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75298842|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75298842/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18209595|Oyewusi Ibidapo Obe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18209595|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18209595/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q87845157|Musa Toyin Yakubu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3310-5795 0000-0002-3310-5795]
| 
| 
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q87845157|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q87845157/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q66940683|Charles O. Wambebe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1627196|Pharmazeut]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7231-1874 0000-0002-7231-1874]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/68669936 68669936]
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q66940683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q66940683/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75303109|E. Efiom Ene-Obong]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21879208 21879208]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75303109|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75303109/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75303346|Timothy A. I. Akeju]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75303346|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75303346/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yetunde Mercy Olumide]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/38596181 38596181]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75303536|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75303536/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86837542|Bamidele I Olu-Owolabi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-6004 0000-0003-4668-6004]
| 
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q86837542|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q86837542/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Joseph Abiodun Balogun]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8106-3828 0000-0001-8106-3828]
| 
| 
| 2017
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Abiodun Balogun, PT, Ph.D., FACSM, FNSP, FAS, FRSPH.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56274103|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56274103/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18359012|Oyewale Tomori]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21066260 21066260]
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18359012|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18359012/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Victor Omololu Olunloyo]]
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3509767|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3509767/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Iya Abubakar]]
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Iya Abubakar portrait.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3511417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3511417/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Chike Obi]]
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q49757|poet]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5097406|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5097406/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Obioma C. Nwaorgu]]
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1476215|human rights defender]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75164951|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75164951/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75165166|Boniface C.E. Egboka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75165166|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75165166/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56999820|Olubukola O Babalola]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15253558|activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17989045|vice president]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-1909 0000-0003-4344-1909]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rmHHG2UAAAAJ rmHHG2UAAAAJ]
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75167018|Babajide Ibitayo Alo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75167018|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75167018/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75168259|Siyanbola Malomo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75168259|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75168259/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75168424|Sonny F. Kuku]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75168424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75168424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12887060|Aderemi Kuku]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/111184030 111184030]
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12887060|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12887060/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q89442182|Abdulrazaq G Habib]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4219-8724 0000-0003-4219-8724]
| 
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q89442182|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q89442182/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75169925|O. Sodeinde]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75169925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75169925/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59167174|David Mba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4623 0000-0001-7278-4623]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=V9tO4J8AAAAJ V9tO4J8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46290755 46290755]
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59167174|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59167174/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12888834|Charles Chidume]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/104314245 104314245]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/81470209 81470209]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12888834|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12888834/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Abba Gumel]]
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8413-1248 0000-0002-8413-1248]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=MpJ7daYAAAAJ MpJ7daYAAAAJ]&lt;br/&gt;[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nEZt41cAAAAJ nEZt41cAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/68352879 68352879]
| 2010
| [[Fáìlì:Gumel-May2022.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19664934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19664934/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72431255|Ikenna Onyido]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72431255|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72431255/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20675871|Andrew Jonathan Nok]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20675871|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20675871/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Anthony Afọlábí Adegbola|Anthony Afolabi Adegbola]]
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20675886|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20675886/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20675920|Augustine Njoku Obi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20675920|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20675920/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7412307|Samuel Okoye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/45840335 45840335]
| 1982
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7412307|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7412307/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20676177|Caleb Olaniyan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676177|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676177/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20676391|David Okali]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676391|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676391/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20676554|Emmanuel Ndubisi Maduagwu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676554|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676554/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20676556|Emmanuel Emovon]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676556|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676556/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20676572|Etim Moses Essien]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3144914|hematologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676572|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676572/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Abubakar S. Sambo]]
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19667396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19667396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12891436|Haroon Oladipo Tejumola]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12891436|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12891436/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Gabriel Babatunde Ogunmola]]
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/122320023 122320023]
| 1987
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676674|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20676674/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12891811|James O. C. Ezeilo]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JCLL7-sAAAAJ JCLL7-sAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2919173973177923810006 2919173973177923810006]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12891811|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12891811/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20677132|Jarlath U. Umoh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6021-6397 0000-0001-6021-6397]
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20677132|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20677132/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105881986|Lawrence Ikechukwu Ezemonye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/305731117 305731117]
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q105881986|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q105881986/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137023080|S. Kwame Karikari]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q137023080|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q137023080/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20679495|Victor Adenuga Oyenuga]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/190682891 190682891]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20679495|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20679495/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12894384|Micah Okwuchukwu Osilike]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7860-4216 0000-0001-7860-4216]
| 
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12894384|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12894384/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Adeyinka Gladys Falusi|Adeyinka G. Falusi]]
| ''[[:d:Q3144914|hematologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3064-3336 0000-0002-3064-3336]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/63491918 63491918]
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16211147|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16211147/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69122806|Henrietta Ene-Obong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9125-6751 0000-0002-9125-6751]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/86278507 86278507]
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69122806|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69122806/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75178546|Rotimi A. Oderinde]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75178546|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75178546/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59752625|Michael Obi Onyekonwu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4406-6285 0000-0002-4406-6285]&lt;br/&gt;[https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8690-9105 0000-0002-8690-9105]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59752625|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59752625/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Sunday Iyahen]]
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/16288103 16288103]
| 1981
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12897525|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12897525/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75179014|Tom A. Aire]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75179014|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75179014/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75900303|Anthony Momodu Oseni]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75900303|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75900303/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20683859|Awele Maduemezia]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20683859|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20683859/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Oladipo Ogunlesi|Theophilus Oladipo Ogunlesi]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46517165 46517165]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8230160667773703560004 8230160667773703560004]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8764160668122903560009 8764160668122903560009]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75901226|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75901226/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75901435|Agu U. Ogan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75901435|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75901435/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Lateef Akinola Salako]]
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1981
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20684458|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20684458/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20684849|Mojeed Olayide Abass]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20684849|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20684849/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20684880|K. Mosto Onuoha]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/12398146 12398146]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20684880|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20684880/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20685015|Domingo Amechi Okorie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685015|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685015/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Olaitan Soyannwo]]
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q28837|anesthesiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15978655|consultant]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685016|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685016/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20685026|Olusoga Sofola]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5532-0488 0000-0002-5532-0488]
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685026|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685026/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20685033|Cyril Agodi Onwumechili]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| [[Fáìlì:Onwumechili wiki pix.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685033|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685033/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4682391|Adetokunbo Lucas]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/50821596 50821596]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4682391|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4682391/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75902610|Theodore Idibiye Francis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75902610|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75902610/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47501298|Obinna Onwujekwe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-4285 0000-0002-1214-4285]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lVcCp5gAAAAJ lVcCp5gAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/305447338 305447338]
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47501298|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47501298/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75902834|Akinyele Fabiyi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75902834|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75902834/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20685746|M. Temitayo Shokunbi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7819-6862 0000-0002-7819-6862]
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685746|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20685746/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72587424|David Tinakpoewan Okpako]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2114605|pharmacologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/60630064 60630064]
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72587424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72587424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75903479|Mark O. Chijioke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75903479|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75903479/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20687464|Umaru Shehu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| [[Fáìlì:Nigerian Public Domain 563.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20687464|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20687464/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75906548|Olumuyiwa Awe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/38219967 38219967]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75906548|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75906548/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70717390|Olukayode Oladipo Amund]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=i3EyYBMAAAAJ i3EyYBMAAAAJ]
| 
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70717390|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70717390/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75907555|J.B.E. Awachie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/140151352041252601833 140151352041252601833]
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75907555|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75907555/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75907853|I.A. Akinrele]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1781198|agronomist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75907853|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75907853/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q35828655|Celestine Onwuliri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q35828655|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q35828655/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75043290|Bertram Ekejiuba Nwoke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043290|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043290/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75043412|Gabriel Ayowole Kolawole]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043412|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043412/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75043478|Matthew Olusoji Ilori]]''
| ''[[:d:Q414528|academician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1675-0047 0000-0002-1675-0047]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Tf4RNV4AAAAJ Tf4RNV4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/30157412214616050053 30157412214616050053]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043478|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043478/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71727708|Timothy U. Obi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71727708|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71727708/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75043642|Isaac Uzoma Asuzu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043642|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75043642/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48805875|Herbert C. Kodilinye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1977
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48805875|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48805875/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16945811|Augustine O. Esogbue]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16945811|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16945811/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ibironke Akinsete]]
| ''[[:d:Q8125919|political adviser]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3144914|hematologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62071484|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62071484/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16946670|John Chukwuemeka Amazigo]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1985
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16946670|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q16946670/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55873686|Folahan A. Adekola]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4411-669X 0000-0003-4411-669X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LaTVOBEAAAAJ LaTVOBEAAAAJ]
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55873686|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55873686/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Babatunde Osotimehin]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3368718|pathologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/9599149619472104010006 9599149619472104010006]
| 2006
| [[Fáìlì:Babatunde Osotimehin at the London Summit on Family Planning.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4837550|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4837550/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42322998|Jonathan Oyebamiji Babalola]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-6677 0000-0002-1407-6677]
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42322998|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42322998/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75194536|Olukayode Dada]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75194536|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75194536/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75194690|Martin Anthony C. Aghaji]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75194690|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75194690/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Joseph Chike Edozien]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3368718|pathologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/38409550 38409550]
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6282107|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6282107/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18249304|Babatunde Adetokunbo Sofoluwe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18249304|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18249304/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57896470|Benjamin Uzochukwu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0794-0455 0000-0002-0794-0455]
| 
| 
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57896470|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57896470/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52707368|Olayinka Olusola Omigbodun]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3808-8530 0000-0003-3808-8530]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52707368|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52707368/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18684381|Azikiwe Peter Onwualu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5970-4836 0000-0001-5970-4836]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1870807 1870807]
| 2009
| [[Fáìlì:Peter-o.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18684381|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18684381/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18685013|Nimi Dimkpa Briggs]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2640827|gynecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q13638192|obstetrician]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1683162669350155500004 1683162669350155500004]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/68327375 68327375]
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685013|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685013/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q89329083|Simeon Cadmus]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3281-2316 0000-0002-3281-2316]
| 
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q89329083|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q89329083/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Grace Oladunni Taylor|Oladunni G. Olaniyan-Taylor]]
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/173967033 173967033]
| 1997
| [[Fáìlì:Grace Oladunni Taylor.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22290342|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22290342/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72606389|Turner T. Isoun]]''
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/31069080 31069080]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72606389|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72606389/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57901802|Emmanuel A Ameh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-3039 0000-0003-2386-3039]
| 
| 
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57901802|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57901802/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75491065|Raifu Isola Salawu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75491065|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75491065/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20562459|Samuel Akindiji Ilori]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20562459|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20562459/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75491735|Cajetan Ezeani Okeke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75491735|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75491735/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75492019|Edward ‘B. Attah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75492019|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75492019/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41900805|Oluwatoyin A. Odeku]]''
| ''[[:d:Q105186|pharmacist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16515647|mentor]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-1304 0000-0002-0732-1304]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ti-T_nsAAAAJ Ti-T_nsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/302282669 302282669]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41900805|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41900805/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Folasade Ogunsola]]
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7734-685X 0000-0001-7734-685X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=HemfnRwAAAAJ HemfnRwAAAAJ]
| 
| 2017
| [[Fáìlì:230201-N-DK722-1004 - NAVEUR-NAVAF Band visits Nigerian National Museum and University of Lagos.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56753366|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56753366/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56753367|Stella Ifeanyi Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15401884|medical researcher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2163-1189 0000-0003-2163-1189]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=szjhfkcAAAAJ szjhfkcAAAAJ]
| 
| 2022
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56753367|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56753367/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70593706|Effiom Edem Antia]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70593706|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70593706/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Adégòkè Olúbùmmọ́|Adegoke Olubummo]]
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/31056653 31056653]
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11051763|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11051763/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q74632009|Nduka Nnamdi Ekere]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-8244 0000-0002-9955-8244]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q74632009|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q74632009/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Winston Wole Soboyejo]]
| ''[[:d:Q10497074|military flight engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Winston Soboyejo.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8026145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8026145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98565719|Adekunle A. Bakare]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9829-1587 0000-0001-9829-1587]
| 
| 
| 2021
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q98565719|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q98565719/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21004706|Ibrahim Garba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q21281706|academic administrator]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8973156223673205400008 8973156223673205400008]
| 2020
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21004706|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21004706/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21004730|Isaac Adebayo Adeyemi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21004730|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21004730/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21004729|Adeyinka Afolayan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21004729|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21004729/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>qhogtnhz5z2h4rw0wagqsiutcse2nxq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the Academy of Science of South Africa</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636083</id>
      <parentid>635920</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T04:42:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636083</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="152885" sha1="hl7vtxf3bsrxrydbvg3k088p6e80onl" xml:space="preserve">[https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q75746002 Members of the Academy of Science of South Africa] 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT 
  DISTINCT ?item 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count)
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing{{!}}📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WHERE { 
  ?item wdt:P166 wd:Q75746002 .
  OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item }
}
GROUP BY ?item|section=
|sort=P166/Q75746002/P585
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P166/Q75746002/P585:Date conferred,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! iṣẹ́ oòjọ́ rẹ̀
! ORCID iD
! Google Scholar author ID
! VIAF ID
! Date conferred
! Image
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61993822|David Glasser]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-722X 0000-0001-9510-722X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G8kEvt8AAAAJ G8kEvt8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/121088199 121088199]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61993821|Diane Hildebrandt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-8855 0000-0001-7873-8855]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2SQ-120AAAAJ 2SQ-120AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/34119349 34119349]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76410934|Van Zyl de Villiers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76410934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76410934/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78573579|Charles Ngwena]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78573579|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78573579/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48731884|Cherryl Walker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-6653 0000-0003-2523-6653]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9-exP7QAAAAJ 9-exP7QAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/100272850 100272850]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48731884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48731884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575075|Penelope Moore]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575075|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575075/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71655038|Thomas Eugene Cloete]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71655038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71655038/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57093942|Markus Boettcher]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-5692 0000-0002-8434-5692]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/77042729 77042729]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57093942|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57093942/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55364145|Charlie M. Shackleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16529590|environmental scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8489-6136 0000-0002-8489-6136]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rpaBdSkAAAAJ rpaBdSkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/173716516 173716516]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55364145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55364145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575532|Vishnu Padayachee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olùkọ̀wé]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-3670 0000-0002-8725-3670]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=itj6ex4AAAAJ itj6ex4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/35903953 35903953]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575532|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575532/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78431390|Delia Marshall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3146574859938150080 3146574859938150080]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78431390|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78431390/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575739|Bhekizizwe Peterson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q28389|screenwriter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575739|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575739/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575915|Imraan Valodia]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5607-6595 0000-0002-5607-6595]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0X5dgFYAAAAJ 0X5dgFYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46474023 46474023]
| 2017
| [[Fáìlì:Imraan Valodia UKZN - Informality and Urbanization (10070549606).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575915|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575915/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30423489|Robert J. Wilkinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q432386|preacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-1800 0000-0002-2753-1800]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SqwGUN0AAAAJ SqwGUN0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1106802 1106802]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30423489|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30423489/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21341400|Maureen Coetzee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107292086|medical entomologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-866X 0000-0003-2019-866X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jbWH4QUAAAAJ jbWH4QUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55510058|Keymanthri Moodley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-4901 0000-0003-3404-4901]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZzF97IsAAAAJ ZzF97IsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/165745949 165745949]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55510058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55510058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61132838|Wim de Villiers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61132838|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61132838/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56807736|Colleen T. Downs]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-1510 0000-0001-8334-1510]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56807736|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56807736/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76126642|Duncan Brown]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76126642|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76126642/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76127082|Martin Bucher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76127082|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76127082/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q49168166|Terence J. Robinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-4891 0000-0002-4298-4891]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LLaJvSEAAAAJ LLaJvSEAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64882689|Voster Muchenje]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7817-763X 0000-0001-7817-763X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uNm2MyUAAAAJ uNm2MyUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64882689|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64882689/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78434764|David Mason]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79443968|Sekhar Ray]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79443968|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79443968/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q67189799|Anthony Jide Afolayan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9111-6695 0000-0002-9111-6695]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5V_WJskAAAAJ 5V_WJskAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q67189799|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q67189799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78435102|Judith Masters]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78435102|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78435102/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60991028|George Ekama]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PWje2ogAAAAJ PWje2ogAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/311249909 311249909]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71371411|Bernard Lategan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71371411|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71371411/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850626|Mellony Graven]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8021-3959 0000-0002-8021-3959]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=TS__mHkAAAAJ TS__mHkAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850626|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850626/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850682|Diane Grayson]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5363-9372 0000-0002-5363-9372]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850682|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850682/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850749|Gideon Petrus Greyvenstein]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850749|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850749/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76418250|David Dewar]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418250|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418250/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850794|Nicolaas Johannes Grové]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850794|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850794/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850844|Bao-Zhu Guo]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9078-0001 0000-0001-9078-0001]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2ME1DSkAAAAJ 2ME1DSkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/164215793 164215793]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850844|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850844/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28698134|George M. Branch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5137366|cnidariologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3597-5150 0000-0003-3597-5150]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28698134|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28698134/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76418424|Maarten de Wit]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q13416354|mineralogist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11424604|earth scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9494-3207 0000-0002-9494-3207]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/93284350 93284350]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61857345|Marco A.G. Andreoli]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-2208 0000-0002-6688-2208]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61857345|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61857345/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76274578|Nithaya Chetty]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-0528 0000-0002-9934-0528]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3rl0mMwAAAAJ 3rl0mMwAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76274578|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76274578/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78149098|Salome Kruger]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78149098|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78149098/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76419491|Jan-Hendrik S. Hofmeyr]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77717266|Michael Charles Kew]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77717994|Ayesha Kharsany]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-0194 0000-0001-7457-0194]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Q7JcV_sAAAAJ Q7JcV_sAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717994|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717994/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75988391|Ann Bernstein]]''
| ''[[:d:Q137549240|development economist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75988391|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75988391/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80169885|Marié Philliphina Wissing]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80169885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80169885/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75989011|Krish Bharuth-Ram]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75989011|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75989011/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11256815|David Mark Richardson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9574-8297 0000-0001-9574-8297]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Rdfu4uoAAAAJ Rdfu4uoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85249968 85249968]
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79305934|Nicky Gopalan Padayachee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79305934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79305934/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75990323|Ramesh Bharuthram]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75990323|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75990323/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77720360|Rifka Kfir]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720360|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720360/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79306387|Norman Pammenter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79739137|Vikash Sewram]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79739137|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79739137/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77720857|Chaudry Khalique]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720857|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720857/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43697544|Anthony I. Okoh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-085X 0000-0002-9770-085X]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544531|Roseanne Diab]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-8320 0000-0002-3564-8320]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RAEK2eEAAAAJ RAEK2eEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/55645762 55645762]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544531|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544531/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544590|Daniela Cristina Stefan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16062369|oncologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-1209 0000-0001-5740-1209]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544598|Deborah Posel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sznyWqoAAAAJ sznyWqoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/93681997 93681997]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544598|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544598/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544603|Dhayendre Moodley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-9631 0000-0003-1849-9631]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=C3rHZvsAAAAJ C3rHZvsAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544603|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544603/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79307973|Hugh Patterton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2904006|bioinformatician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79307973|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79307973/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544654|Irma Eloff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q723682|dean]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8306-3979 0000-0001-8306-3979]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Owgdy3QAAAAJ Owgdy3QAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/56298317 56298317]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Irma Eloff, Pretoria.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544654|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544654/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544660|Jeanetta du Plessis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-9409 0000-0003-0474-9409]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=kCdAQHgAAAAJ kCdAQHgAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544660/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544677|Liesel Ebersöhn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-4973 0000-0002-2616-4973]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xeQhZZ0AAAAJ xeQhZZ0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/286769038 286769038]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544677|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544677/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544684|Lucinda Backwell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-3353 0000-0001-5816-3353]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Y17Xc5gAAAAJ Y17Xc5gAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/24351965 24351965]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lucinda Backwell (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544684|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544684/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544789|Rachel Chikwamba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2827-0734 0000-0003-2827-0734]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544789|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544789/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544799|Zodwa Dlamini]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-3646 0000-0002-8012-3646]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nrCvvAQAAAAJ nrCvvAQAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:4 Zodwa Sobukwe with Dinilesizwe.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544878|Minrie Greeff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-8463 0000-0003-0921-8463]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544878|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544878/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544965|Angela Mathee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544965/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544994|Anna Kramvis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-3765 0000-0001-6006-3765]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544994|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544994/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76857461|Ariff Ahmed Hafejee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857461|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857461/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42545058|Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9387-0432 0000-0001-9387-0432]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NnJPZuQAAAAJ NnJPZuQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/169009503 169009503]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42545058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42545058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76857552|Fritz JW Hahne]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857552/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37643854|Gregory L. Blatch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-8577 0000-0003-0778-8577]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272043681 272043681]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78155721|Loren Landau]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4748 0000-0002-0198-4748]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Hw4YkqoAAAAJ Hw4YkqoAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78155721|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78155721/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2611579|Alan Whiteside]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-968X 0000-0003-1157-968X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/17511182 17511182]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2611579|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2611579/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75994202|William Bishai]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8734-4118 0000-0002-8734-4118]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48099989 48099989]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75994202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75994202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79742931|John Francis Sharpey-Schafer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79742931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79742931/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78158001|Virna Leaner]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78158001|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78158001/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55523379|Robert Morrell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-486X 0000-0002-6096-486X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3152154075987911860009 3152154075987911860009]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55523379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55523379/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q450598|Lee Berger]]''
| ''[[:d:Q21272406|paleoanthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q205375|inventor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Australopithecus africanus]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7629 0000-0002-0367-7629]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PpW_J88AAAAJ PpW_J88AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6169562 6169562]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lee Berger image 2006.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76428197|Leon Milner Theodore Dicks]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428197|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428197/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76428240|Thulani H Dlamini]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428240|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428240/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78446682|Robert Mattes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-9385 0000-0003-0567-9385]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/19992713 19992713]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78446682|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78446682/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76716731|Thomas Ford]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-794X 0000-0002-8896-794X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76716997|Richard Francis Fuggle]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716997|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716997/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79744635|W. R. Siegfried]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79744635|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79744635/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76717085|Christoph Friedrich Garbers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76717085|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76717085/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58119538|Kobus Maree]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5341297|educational psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9492-8445 0000-0002-9492-8445]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JRlauxMAAAAJ JRlauxMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4592006 4592006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58119538|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58119538/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79745070|Silvester Ron Simango]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-7146 0000-0001-5694-7146]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745070|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745070/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79745330|Ruth Simbao]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1792450|art historian]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-7491 0000-0002-9640-7491]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aT42_WMAAAAJ aT42_WMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/73694792 73694792]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745330|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745330/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31736746|Herman Wasserman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-1989 0000-0002-2553-1989]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tVMVK2MAAAAJ tVMVK2MAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/32307710 32307710]
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q31736746|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q31736746/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159581|Lesley Le Grange]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7096-3609 0000-0002-7096-3609]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4zXjLu4AAAAJ 4zXjLu4AAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159581|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159581/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159586|Alison Lewis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yaaQvscAAAAJ yaaQvscAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/41609069 41609069]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159593|Attie Johannes Ligthelm]]''
| ''[[:d:Q27349|dentist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159593|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159593/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159599|Elsabé Loots]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4518-1688 0000-0003-4518-1688]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159599|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159599/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141294|James Bull]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141294|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141294/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141448|Renier Adriaan Burger]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141448|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141448/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79601606|Linda Marlene Richter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79601606|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79601606/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141655|Stephanie Gail Burton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141655|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141655/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141946|Faizal Bux]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141946|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79746428|Ratnamala Singh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79746428|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79746428/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70376235|Carolyn Williamson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3pcRNQYAAAAJ 3pcRNQYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70376235|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70376235/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76864546|Raymond Haines]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76864546|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76864546/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54086671|Norman Owen-Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8429-1201 0000-0001-8429-1201]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BoSadf0AAAAJ BoSadf0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/29615824 29615824]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/496166656941922710006 496166656941922710006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78451629|Thoko V Mayekiso]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78451629|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78451629/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70378516|Crain Arthur Soudien]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-6532 0000-0002-9934-6532]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=i8djXlYAAAAJ i8djXlYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/61677562 61677562]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70378516|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70378516/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5213742|Dan J. Stein]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810 0000-0001-7218-7810]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LOHkEw8AAAAJ LOHkEw8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/39468370 39468370]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dan-Stein-20130904.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742|29]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17612495|Quarraisha Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0985-477X 0000-0002-0985-477X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ARaZ9-MAAAAJ ARaZ9-MAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/24336962 24336962]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Quarraisha Abdool Karim.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79461535|Thomas Rehle]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q60739955|healthcare scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7437-4345 0000-0001-7437-4345]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48869538 48869538]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79461535|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79461535/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21505541|Himansu Baijnath]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-3876 0000-0001-6594-3876]
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Himansu Baijnath.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21505541|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21505541/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78885212|Daniel James Ncayiyana]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-8057 0000-0001-6016-8057]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78885212|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78885212/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56394925|Nesri Padayatchi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q10334684|public health physician]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-9071 0000-0003-2543-9071]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OINblGUAAAAJ OINblGUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56394925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56394925/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39527283|Sabiha Yusuf Essack]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3357-2761 0000-0003-3357-2761]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39527283|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39527283/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78453566|Anthony David Mbewu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3264451|cardiologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78453566|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78453566/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2043552|Johannes van Staden]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-1281 0000-0003-0515-1281]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/562159234013403370477 562159234013403370477]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prof johannes van staden-1595341335.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41113731|Wolfgang Preiser]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-7910 0000-0002-0254-7910]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41113731|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41113731/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76003072|Nigel Tempest Bishop]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=m8CpFJkAAAAJ m8CpFJkAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76003072|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76003072/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55098484|Graeme Meintjes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-4414 0000-0003-1196-4414]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fFi4xj4AAAAJ fFi4xj4AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55098484|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55098484/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55820267|Keith Breckenridge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15319501|social scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-6837 0000-0001-5023-6837]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/295702208 295702208]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55820267|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55820267/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76004979|David Block]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/309720300 309720300]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/88042470 88042470]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76004979|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76004979/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76005296|Juanita Bornman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76005296|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76005296/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78456602|Veronica McKay]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78456602|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78456602/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41693545|Murray Leibbrandt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q85863506|researcher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0829-8844 0000-0003-0829-8844]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4_jykaYAAAAJ 4_jykaYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/33108449 33108449]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Murray Leibbrandt.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41693545|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41693545/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76006138|Liesbeth Botha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006138|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006138/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76006290|Rudie Botha]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006290|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006290/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71104683|Willem Albert Hanekom]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-1645 0000-0002-6788-1645]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GNFho0kAAAAJ GNFho0kAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76006527|André Boraine]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-4287 0000-0003-4115-4287]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N0F7S9EAAAAJ N0F7S9EAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006527|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006527/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79322762|Robert Clive Pattinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2640827|gynecologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322762|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322762/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79322932|Michael Pepper]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322932|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322932/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91001469|Vasu Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-2320 0000-0002-6004-2320]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/96897750 96897750]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91001469|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91001469/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76007840|Sonja Bosch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76007840|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76007840/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79756318|Ann Skelton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[amòfin]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4320-8904 0000-0003-4320-8904]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fIJ4Hs4AAAAJ fIJ4Hs4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/117145542414196640961 117145542414196640961]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/261974215 261974215]
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:Ann Skelton 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79756318|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79756318/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76008824|Paul Bowen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79757375|Beric William Skews]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79757375|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79757375/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76008996|Daniel Bradlow]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1518-1815 0000-0002-1518-1815]
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008996|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008996/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76874208|Lawrence Hamilton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76874208|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76874208/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72116776|Igle Gledhill]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-0290 0000-0001-6171-0290]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vKA1b3YAAAAJ vKA1b3YAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Igle Gledhill 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72116776|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72116776/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78748626|Alphose Zingoni]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/216080706 216080706]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/31487334 31487334]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:AlphoseZingoni-Profile.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78748626|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78748626/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78460617|Lirieka Meintjes-Van der Walt]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460617|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460617/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78460819|Barry Vincent Mendelow]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460819|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460819/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53808040|Michael T Davies-Coleman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-894X 0000-0001-5344-894X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85647578 85647578]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78317156|Mzamo P Mangaliso]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78317156|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78317156/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79614716|Christian Rogerson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11630517|tourism scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1306-8867 0000-0003-1306-8867]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=froNhxcAAAAJ froNhxcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27171337 27171337]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79614716|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79614716/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15459092|Charles K. Brain]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/30825610 30825610]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57412559|Harold Annegarn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-4679 0000-0001-6653-4679]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57412559|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57412559/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26704364|Saurabh Sinha]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4634-3925 0000-0003-4634-3925]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=kxJhswgAAAAJ kxJhswgAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Saurabh Sinha.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26704364|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26704364/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79615179|Andreas Roodt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7349-6436 0000-0002-7349-6436]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615179|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615179/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79327087|Francis Petersen]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4464-2315 0000-0003-4464-2315]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79327087|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79327087/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55539279|Jacobus N. Eloff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-9842 0000-0003-1494-9842]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/63822206 63822206]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55539279|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55539279/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61162044|Tahir S Pillay]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9982-9710 0000-0002-9982-9710]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61162044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61162044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79615924|Neil Roos]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8457-2150 0000-0001-8457-2150]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jg18U6UAAAAJ jg18U6UAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615924|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615924/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76300027|Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300027|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300027/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q90572902|Julian D May]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-8053 0000-0003-2334-8053]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aS-ifvEAAAAJ aS-ifvEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/34020082 34020082]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q90572902|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q90572902/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76300183|Walter T Claassen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300183|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300183/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42420373|Guy F. Midgley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-0869 0000-0001-8264-0869]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/53146094231500331476 53146094231500331476]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79616313|Cornelia Roux]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79616313|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79616313/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78607257|Letlhokwa Mpedi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607257|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607257/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78607481|Renosi Mokate]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2027459 2027459]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607481|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607481/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76301029|Peter Eiddon Cleaton-Jones]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/273754832 273754832]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76301029|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76301029/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78463759|Rajend Mesthrie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-6076 0000-0001-6338-6076]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nO9azssAAAAJ nO9azssAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/79341 79341]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78463759|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78463759/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43142591|Eno E. Ebenso]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0411-9258 0000-0002-0411-9258]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bljjT44AAAAJ bljjT44AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/517162664578255002986 517162664578255002986]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43142591|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43142591/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18201824|Bernie Fanaroff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18201824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18201824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60732379|Ivan Turok]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-2492 0000-0001-5520-2492]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bPUWRDsAAAAJ bPUWRDsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/239721967 239721967]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27376645 27376645]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60732379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60732379/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69526864|Lise Korsten]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3746192|phytopathologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-7659 0000-0003-0232-7659]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N5Xy6m4AAAAJ N5Xy6m4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6903149296167980670000 6903149296167980670000]
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69526864|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69526864/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37377512|Taryn Young]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-081X 0000-0003-2406-081X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0cVz1SgAAAAJ 0cVz1SgAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37377512|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37377512/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78610632|Ebrahim Momoniat]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q102110912|Peter Dankelmann]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4376-7546 0000-0003-4376-7546]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jmeHpKUAAAAJ jmeHpKUAAAAJ]
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q102110912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q102110912/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58283307|Dorrit Posel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3343-875X 0000-0002-3343-875X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=KmbPFYQAAAAJ KmbPFYQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/284141636 284141636]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58283307|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58283307/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79620488|Justus Christiaan Roux]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6913-3686 0000-0001-6913-3686]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Jn8soLsAAAAJ Jn8soLsAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79620488|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79620488/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19646258|Lenore Manderson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-1790 0000-0002-7883-1790]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DZ3P2ZMAAAAJ DZ3P2ZMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51717767 51717767]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19646258|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19646258/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78467666|Joseph Philip Michael]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467666|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467666/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80053570|Fiona Tregenna]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Qu0QFrYAAAAJ Qu0QFrYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053570|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053570/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45452887|Clive M. Gray]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12119633|immunologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-901X 0000-0002-9293-901X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45452887|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45452887/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78467894|John Robert Midgley]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467894|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467894/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80053967|Peter Doughtrey Tyson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1769780|Wiseman Nkuhlu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21865680 21865680]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1769780|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1769780/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20656400|Hoosen Coovadia]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70827557|Simon Henry Connell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6000-7245 0000-0001-6000-7245]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pVS2ZiMAAAAJ pVS2ZiMAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79622145|Heinz Rüther]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79622145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79622145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571276|Gita Ramjee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-6778 0000-0003-1524-6778]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571276|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571276/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23540990|Carolyn Hamilton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-4603 0000-0003-1291-4603]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PYTy1KEAAAAJ PYTy1KEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/5146242 5146242]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23540990|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23540990/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571456|Heidi L. Hudson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-2215 0000-0002-3274-2215]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2917149068487565730007 2917149068487565730007]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571456|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571456/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571461|Heidi van Rooyen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-6098 0000-0002-6502-6098]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=6RpKYP0AAAAJ 6RpKYP0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/309894208 309894208]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571461|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571461/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571640|Jane Carruthers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-4599 0000-0001-8210-4599]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4128165628894642480006 4128165628894642480006]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48310877 48310877]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571644|Jeanet Conradie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8120-6830 0000-0002-8120-6830]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hDqy53AAAAAJ hDqy53AAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571644|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571644/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571652|Jenny Hoobler]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7725-6889 0000-0001-7725-6889]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ntCB6dEAAAAJ ntCB6dEAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571652|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571652/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80055925|Annél van Aswegen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80055925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80055925/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2637050|Mamphela Ramphele]]''
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51848589 51848589]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mamphela Ramphele, 2013 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2637050|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2637050/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80056419|Hennie van Coller]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056419|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056419/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572405|Marion Bamford]]''
| ''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-130X 0000-0003-0667-130X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WT8NxO0AAAAJ WT8NxO0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prof. Marion Bamford.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572409|Maryke Labuschagne]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2678 0000-0003-0593-2678]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572409|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572409/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80056637|Jan Horn van Heerden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056637|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056637/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572458|Nicola Illing]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572458|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572458/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76596628|Rosalie Finlayson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596628|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596628/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76596720|Peter Folb]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2114605|pharmacologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596720|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596720/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76164426|Jennifer Case]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76164426|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76164426/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572827|Priscilla Baker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q43668003|analytical chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-2670 0000-0002-8878-2670]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572827|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572827/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572832|Priscilla Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-9060 0000-0002-0432-9060]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572832|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572832/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572977|Sarah Nuttall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2248623|scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1607826|editor]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olùkọ̀wé]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17167049|literary scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q19829999|cultural studies scholar]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51871249 51871249]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572977|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572977/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572989|Sharon Fonn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q189603|public health]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6115-8707 0000-0001-6115-8707]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/53842901 53842901]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572989/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573017|Sharon Prince]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-5255 0000-0002-6975-5255]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vX0OqFcAAAAJ vX0OqFcAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573017|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573017/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573059|Soraya Seedat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-786X 0000-0002-5118-786X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573059|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573059/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61110697|Jonathan Blackburn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-9595 0000-0001-8988-9595]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61110697|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61110697/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75960209|Lewis David Ashwal]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7277-9007 0000-0001-7277-9007]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2552235 2552235]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75960209|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75960209/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56065756|Shabir A. Madhi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-0636 0000-0002-7629-0636]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ok2EswEAAAAJ ok2EswEAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Shabir Madhi for Fundación Civio.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79853945|Theodor John Stewart]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2732142|statistician]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-5955 0000-0002-2107-5955]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8wH5tTkAAAAJ 8wH5tTkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/15146153191805252771 15146153191805252771]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79133624|Cyril Thomas O’Connor]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-1317 0000-0003-3049-1317]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79133624|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79133624/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79134425|Chikwelu Larry Obi]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-2035 0000-0002-0068-2035]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/49027514 49027514]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134425|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134425/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43236424|Malcolm Collins]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2055046|physiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2564-0480 0000-0002-2564-0480]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=UJaoIYkAAAAJ UJaoIYkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/90465309 90465309]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43236424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43236424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79134915|James Ogude]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6673651|literary scholar]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-7558 0000-0002-9734-7558]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46091896 46091896]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134915|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134915/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79135040|Antonel Olckers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-5666 0000-0002-4974-5666]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=MqwGq6MAAAAJ MqwGq6MAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135040|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135040/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79135291|Douglas William Oliver]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135291|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135291/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79135392|Gilbert Oke Martin Onwu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135392|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135392/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79136108|Philip Onyebujoh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79136108|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79136108/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75964658|Narend Baijnath]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75964658|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75964658/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7339930|Rob Adam]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7339930|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7339930/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2005877|Barney Pityana]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[amòfin]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-4622 0000-0003-4746-4622]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/19745919 19745919]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Barney Pityana.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2005877|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2005877/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75965202|Yunus Ballim]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-7428 0000-0001-5764-7428]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=waHRcgYAAAAJ waHRcgYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75965202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75965202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57078993|Claude Carignan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-6151 0000-0001-9089-6151]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=r2_oRUMAAAAJ r2_oRUMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232336283 232336283]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20604661|Isabel Hofmeyr]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5Uy2EH4AAAAJ 5Uy2EH4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/80589607 80589607]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20604661|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20604661/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41076819|David Walwyn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0545-0604 0000-0002-0545-0604]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0VwjoFsAAAAJ 0VwjoFsAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41076819|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41076819/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78416872|Chabani Manganyi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416872|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416872/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78416981|Vincent Maphai]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-4189 0000-0002-6103-4189]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416981/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78417090|Bice Martincigh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417090|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417090/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78417226|Adrian David Marais]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417226|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417226/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28822985|Helen Rees]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1442-6734 0000-0003-1442-6734]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Zoi9JkkAAAAJ Zoi9JkkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306342322 306342322]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:AP 150814 013(1).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28822985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28822985/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56936419|Sagadevan Govindasamy Mundree]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-9250 0000-0002-4119-9250]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56936419|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56936419/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15127748|Nicoli Nattrass]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5631 0000-0002-8422-5631]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=XAekuekAAAAJ XAekuekAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/17279535 17279535]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15127748|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15127748/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q32860776|Felix Dapare Dakora]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-6896 0000-0002-9070-6896]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DW22bZEAAAAJ DW22bZEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/9379653 9379653]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55207368|Vanessa Watson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q91400171|planning theorist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q131062|urban planner]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9965-6891 0000-0001-9965-6891]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Cc-drkAAAAAJ Cc-drkAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109342570 109342570]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55207368|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55207368/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76400607|Mark Cotton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76400607|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76400607/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76544846|Stephanus Ferreira]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544846|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544846/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76544856|Loretta Feris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16012028|legal scholar]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3952-8991 0000-0002-3952-8991]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ufwS2I4AAAAJ ufwS2I4AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544856|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544856/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41800121|Johannes Wolfgang Fedderke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41800121|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41800121/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401280|Robin Michael Crewe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401280|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401280/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Glenda Gray]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-5774 0000-0002-9510-5774]&lt;br/&gt;[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-1477 0000-0003-4649-1477]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/7933149919450906650009 7933149919450906650009]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Glenda Gray SA.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17579989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17579989/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76545679|John Field]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76545679|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76545679/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401538|Dennis Martin Davis]]''
| [[Adájọ́]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401538|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401538/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401656|Christian Rudolph de Beer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401656|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401656/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401845|Tilman Dedering]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401845|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401845/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401978|John Wesley de Gruchy]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401978|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401978/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76546145|Brian Figaji]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-7017 0000-0002-2492-7017]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76546145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76546145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76402037|Deon de Beer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402037|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402037/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76402078|Cristiaan de Jager]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402078|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402078/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76402308|Erika de Wet]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402308|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402308/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55209372|Christian Pirk]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6821-7044 0000-0001-6821-7044]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gmvFylEAAAAJ gmvFylEAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55209372|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55209372/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75969884|Ahmed C. Bawa]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5889-5295 0000-0002-5889-5295]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pcgmSn4AAAAJ pcgmSn4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/249897491 249897491]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7777608|Thebe Medupe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-6071 0000-0003-0413-6071]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1693149198285874940007 1693149198285874940007]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Thebe Medupe 330x220.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7777608|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7777608/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75970799|Solomon Benatar]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75970799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75970799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22340726|Jennifer Thomson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-0357 0000-0002-2243-0357]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=TmyuyVYAAAAJ TmyuyVYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/54380859 54380859]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60834357|Brian Warner]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16063546|historian of science]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109805982 109805982]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39064731|Catriona Ida Macleod]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0992-3525 0000-0003-0992-3525]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VC911HsAAAAJ VC911HsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/107952396 107952396]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Catriona ida macleod 2024 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39064731|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39064731/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q40651155|Bavesh D. Kana]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9713-3480 0000-0001-9713-3480]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IEWP86MAAAAJ IEWP86MAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40651155|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40651155/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56798544|Karen J Hofman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-7220 0000-0001-9512-7220]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8276162669509255500005 8276162669509255500005]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56798544|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56798544/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18161438|Salim Abdool Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-2133 0000-0002-4986-2133]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/273180719 273180719]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Slim portrait 2020.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60980171|Eric Bateman]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tlz4ljIAAAAJ tlz4ljIAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60980171|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60980171/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20756981|Peter Vale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-9325 0000-0003-0805-9325]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=-oLobmUAAAAJ -oLobmUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/39521399 39521399]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Francis B. Nyamnjoh]]
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4702-8874 0000-0002-4702-8874]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ohr8cwUAAAAJ Ohr8cwUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1454149198360374940001 1454149198360374940001]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/19657109 19657109]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71649506|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71649506/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77705176|Colin Kenyon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77705176|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77705176/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75975187|G Michael Berger]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75975187|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75975187/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71650707|Hendrik B. Geyer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5765350|Himla Soodyall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48984131 48984131]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5765350|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5765350/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76120757|Basil Brooke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76120757|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76120757/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64876396|Genevieve Langdon]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1906857|mechanical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-9787 0000-0002-0396-9787]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VUJsNCAAAAAJ VUJsNCAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/264171184898747771881 264171184898747771881]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64876396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64876396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79383970|William Pick]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383970/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80104858|Alan Weinberg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104858|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104858/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79384070|Jaco Pienaar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384070|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384070/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79384214|Stuart Piketh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384214|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384214/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80105423|Mark Charles Wentzel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80105423|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80105423/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76934542|John Anthony Higgins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76934542|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76934542/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4706174|Alan Bernstein]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12119633|immunologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9027-1558 0009-0007-9027-1558]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/16993076 16993076]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4706174|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4706174/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22006961|Valerie Mizrahi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839206|molecular biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-9115 0000-0003-4824-9115]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=apDyKMgAAAAJ apDyKMgAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8150380426913370197 8150380426913370197]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76935971|Michael Johan Richard Hoch]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76935971|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76935971/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8022831|Wilmot James]]''
| [[olóṣèlú]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/112347314 112347314]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wilmot James, South African academic.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8022831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8022831/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79963775|Petro Terblanche]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-6794 0000-0003-2789-6794]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/75975312 75975312]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79963775|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79963775/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39885100|Aletta E. Schutte]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-4937 0000-0001-9217-4937]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f1oels0AAAAJ f1oels0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76938511|Sarah Howie]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76938511|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76938511/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76941005|Henk Huismans]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941005|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941005/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76941326|Brian John Huntley]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Brian John Huntley.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941326|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941326/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76941472|Gregory Dudley Hussey]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941472|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941472/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70021562|Michael Chapman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17167049|literary scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-8336 0000-0002-1299-8336]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=B3nhLTsAAAAJ B3nhLTsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/285056306 285056306]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70021562|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70021562/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61083095|Yahya E Choonara]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3889-1529 0000-0002-3889-1529]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CjSwcTAAAAAJ CjSwcTAAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61083095|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61083095/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79969535|Mark Tomlinson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79969535|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79969535/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38304462|Robert P. Millar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-2708 0000-0003-3606-2708]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/94387090 94387090]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63391384|Ernesta M Meintjes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-3632 0000-0002-0781-3632]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xl9IO9oAAAAJ xl9IO9oAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391384|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391384/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63391519|Sunil D. Maharaj]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-2849 0000-0002-1967-2849]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2695985|Francis Wilson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1227195|political economist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/110483305 110483305]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2695985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2695985/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43496916|Michael J. Samways]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-6025 0000-0003-4237-6025]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/94489949 94489949]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75935333|Ralph Adendorff]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935333|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935333/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75935715|Jimi Adesina]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6991-9934 0000-0002-6991-9934]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZJPKVjYAAAAJ ZJPKVjYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935715/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79396179|Laurence Piper]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396179|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396179/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79396382|Chris Pistorius]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396382|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396382/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57915745|Thaddeus Metz]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-2408 0000-0001-9861-2408]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=-iAbDVQAAAAJ -iAbDVQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/293090676 293090676]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57915745|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57915745/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69449514|Mary Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q60244908|plant physiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-9537 0000-0001-5762-9537]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qNlkIIMAAAAJ qNlkIIMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/177145857889223021078 177145857889223021078]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79397317|Zacharias Andries Pretorius]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79397317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79397317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71756807|Pieter Streicher Steyn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71756807|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71756807/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42778663|Robert J. Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-6935 0000-0001-5537-6935]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WR7VpKUAAAAJ WR7VpKUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/71468733 71468733]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71036026|Mohamed Iqbal Parker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71036026|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71036026/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30668464|Marie-Louise Newell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-7699 0000-0002-1074-7699]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ah5tHvAAAAAJ ah5tHvAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27240622 27240622]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30668464|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30668464/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27929667|Keyan G. Tomaselli]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q112240529|communication teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1414443|onísé eré amóhùn máwòrán]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q119439006|periodical editor]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2995-0726 0000-0002-2995-0726]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/50433739 50433739]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q27929667|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q27929667/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20721396|Anna-Lise Williamson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-1200 0000-0002-5467-1200]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76082950|Paul Andries Brink]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76082950|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76082950/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58640036|Umezuruike Linus Opara]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8056-7215 0000-0001-8056-7215]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=eNlSO_oAAAAJ eNlSO_oAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58640036|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58640036/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39754563|Tania S. Douglas]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-4179 0000-0003-2024-4179]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39754563|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39754563/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79401740|Bernard Alexander Prior]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5628-1188 0000-0001-5628-1188]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401740|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401740/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79401813|Hugh Wynford Pritchard]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8bTVuI8AAAAJ 8bTVuI8AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401813|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401813/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q44080605|Arvin Bhana]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-0108 0000-0003-4235-0108]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ip41gNgAAAAJ Ip41gNgAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/100813167 100813167]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q44080605|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q44080605/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57920963|Montaz Ali]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0864-8146 0000-0003-0864-8146]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=h_T_9pgAAAAJ h_T_9pgAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57920963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57920963/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70607931|Nicholas Biekpe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70607931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70607931/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79402317|Otto Walter Prozesky]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43071830|Pascal O Bessong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-272X 0000-0003-0561-272X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4FXKRpYAAAAJ 4FXKRpYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43071830|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43071830/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3136965|Njabulo Ndebele]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/92057221 92057221]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Malala Yousafzai - Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture 1.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3136965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3136965/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42784019|Kevin J. Naidoo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3708 0000-0002-9898-3708]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sGaDPpQAAAAJ sGaDPpQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/65994373 65994373]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71041558|Nigel Charles Bennett]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71041558|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71041558/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58066291|Harald Winkler]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-4071 0000-0002-5826-4071]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=dSxrBsMAAAAJ dSxrBsMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/292276827 292276827]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58066291|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58066291/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21448010|Tebello Nyokong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1162163|olùdarí]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-9926 0000-0002-4590-9926]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QUpAXHcAAAAJ QUpAXHcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6031160486121605180005 6031160486121605180005]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79837146|Dirk Smit]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837146|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837146/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6742987|Malegapuru William Makgoba]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/78414868 78414868]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:MakgobaHillLecture.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6742987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6742987/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79837241|Marius Smuts]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837241|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837241/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76955252|Nelson Ijumba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6194-7084 0000-0002-6194-7084]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76955252|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76955252/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79839311|Hendrik Christoffel Snyman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79839311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79839311/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42067412|Helena Kuivaniemi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-8766 0000-0001-5753-8766]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6862149108608968780000 6862149108608968780000]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42067412|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42067412/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6745901|Mamokgethi Phakeng]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-0403 0000-0002-8911-0403]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NVTI58wAAAAJ NVTI58wAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21621571 21621571]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mamokgethi Phakeng - Kgethi.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6745901|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6745901/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60377213|Louis J. Kotzé]]''
| ''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-168X 0000-0001-5820-168X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_awP9R0AAAAJ _awP9R0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/100343038 100343038]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60377213|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60377213/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48699455|Ruksana Osman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-470X 0000-0002-0779-470X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=U29GvYcAAAAJ U29GvYcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/305368366 305368366]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48699455|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48699455/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79407673|Douglas Eric Rawlings]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79407673|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79407673/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42212089|Laetitia Rispel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q189603|public health]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7806-6331 0000-0001-7806-6331]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/11877401 11877401]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212089|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212089/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42212160|Heather Zar]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-759X 0000-0002-9046-759X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zBfcLygAAAAJ zBfcLygAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/15152023633803310918 15152023633803310918]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212160|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212160/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76959045|David Steve Jacobs]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16831394|mammalogist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76959045|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76959045/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70615870|Evance Kalula]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2299-3093 0000-0003-2299-3093]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70615870|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70615870/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24049150|Adrian Paterson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-4096 0000-0003-3427-4096]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q24049150|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q24049150/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26211942|Catherine Odora Hoppers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5324-7371 0000-0001-5324-7371]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qWEKG-QAAAAJ qWEKG-QAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/23844553 23844553]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Catherine Odora-Hoppers in 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26211942|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26211942/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28086200|Geoff Garrett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/52270408 52270408]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Geoff Garrett CS6 270116-lg.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420066|David Randle Woods]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79122775|Jo MF Noero]]''
| ''[[:d:Q42973|architect]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79122775|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79122775/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420322|Laurence Stuart Wright]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6673651|literary scholar]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-3399 0000-0003-2988-3399]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pSphLh0AAAAJ pSphLh0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/299549856 299549856]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420322|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420322/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420515|Xiaohua Xia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420515|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420515/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29961035|Rangan Gupta]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5002-3428 0000-0001-5002-3428]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/311484094 311484094]
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29961035|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29961035/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76960486|Hilary Janks]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-9623 0000-0002-9992-9623]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=TG7MIK0AAAAJ TG7MIK0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960486/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76960646|HCJ Janse van Rensburg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960646|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960646/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79123203|Odireleng Martin Ntwaeaborwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79123203|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79123203/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420751|Hong-Kun Xu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420751|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420751/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5019897|Calie Pistorius]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Calie Pistorius.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76528517|Petra Engelbrecht]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528517|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528517/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76961155|Jonathan D. Jansen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21339000 21339000]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jonathan Jansen at Cornerstone 2017.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76961155|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76961155/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76528891|Patrick George Eriksson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528891|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528891/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56489486|William Froneman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olùkọ̀wé]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-1355 0000-0003-0615-1355]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G5tEQu4AAAAJ G5tEQu4AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56489486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56489486/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79845832|Cristina Trois]]''
| ''[[:d:Q19377727|environmental engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2094-2241 0000-0003-2094-2241]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ny2OS24AAAAJ Ny2OS24AAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79845832|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79845832/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76529981|Theunis Erasmus]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529981/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76529997|Arthur George Every]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529997|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529997/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58220468|Francesco Petruccione]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-0913 0000-0002-8604-0913]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=chM4fT4AAAAJ chM4fT4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51907883 51907883]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Francesco Petruccione blazer.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q696676|Arnold van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/557157771966848930006 557157771966848930006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q696676|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q696676/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61104159|Duncan Mitchell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-4773 0000-0001-8989-4773]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NdpBRSMAAAAJ NdpBRSMAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79846316|Moses Basitere]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79846316|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79846316/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76530761|Jill Margaret Farrant]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530761/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76530985|Aslam Fataar]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6880-9223 0000-0002-6880-9223]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QWbmGwsAAAAJ QWbmGwsAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530985/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55195820|Christopher D. McQuaid]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-8308 0000-0002-3473-8308]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uNl9g6wAAAAJ uNl9g6wAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55195820|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55195820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75957491|Peter Alexander]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75957491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75957491/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30111631|Keertan Dheda]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q24017632|pulmonologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5341 0000-0001-7709-5341]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22153893603102290470 22153893603102290470]
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:Professor Keertan Dheda.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30111631|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30111631/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71776876|Muchie Mammo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q105572010|political economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q18805|naturalist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-3113 0000-0003-4831-3113]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4877592 4877592]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71776876|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71776876/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75959277|Christopher Charles Appleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959277|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959277/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42656226|Lyn-Marie Birkholtz]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5888-2905 0000-0001-5888-2905]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9M4eZYMAAAAJ 9M4eZYMAAAAJ]
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42656226|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42656226/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75959947|Reinhard Richard Arndt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/218352847 218352847]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959947/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56497085|Alan Christoffels]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0420-2916 0000-0002-0420-2916]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0S4EdhcAAAAJ 0S4EdhcAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56497085|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56497085/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573056|Sheona Shackleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-9070 0000-0002-6133-9070]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yYKI71sAAAAJ yYKI71sAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/170915649 170915649]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573056|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573056/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573200|Tamara Shefer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1201-8043 0000-0002-1201-8043]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=r4CTJqAAAAAJ r4CTJqAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/78535658 78535658]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573200/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573246|Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573246|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573246/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573244|Theresa Coetzer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-3808 0000-0003-0706-3808]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f8CmCSsAAAAJ f8CmCSsAAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573244|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573244/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573294|Olive Shisana]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-9145 0000-0001-7566-9145]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aVpgLdQAAAAJ aVpgLdQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/64244770 64244770]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573294|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573294/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37383962|Winston Hide]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8621-3271 0000-0002-8621-3271]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37383962|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37383962/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q36519401|Bernard Slippers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1491-3858 0000-0003-1491-3858]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=047C24MAAAAJ 047C24MAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232260155 232260155]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36519401|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36519401/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47765603|Maano Ramutsindela]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-5892 0000-0003-0918-5892]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/107045455 107045455]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47765603|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47765603/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79771790|Robert Slotow]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79771790|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79771790/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76167707|Philip Allan Charles]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-7278 0000-0002-4672-7278]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76167707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76167707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76168295|Michael Cherry]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76168295|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76168295/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5092799|Cheryl de la Rey]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Cheryl de la Rey.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39693728|Charles Parry]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9787-2785 0000-0001-9787-2785]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QFNlScYAAAAJ QFNlScYAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39693728|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39693728/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54254936|Kelly Chibale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-646X 0000-0002-4541-646X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BAk6GbcAAAAJ BAk6GbcAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:2025UniLeiden450-4.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56850219|Suprakas Sinha Ray]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0007-2595 0000-0002-0007-2595]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NlGhT4oAAAAJ NlGhT4oAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/249814531 249814531]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850219|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850219/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56850306|Andrew Forbes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-5586 0000-0003-2552-5586]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=t6ab-m0AAAAJ t6ab-m0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/172612019 172612019]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850306|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850306/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71267784|Deresh Ramjugernath]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3447-7846 0000-0003-3447-7846]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=1AIPLBYAAAAJ 1AIPLBYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109148449566415690155 109148449566415690155]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71267784|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71267784/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76602323|Charles Fombad]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76602323|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76602323/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42145855|Jane Catherine Ngila]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-4567 0000-0002-0121-4567]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NNc4NEYAAAAJ NNc4NEYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jane Catherine Ngila World Intellectual Property Day 2023 &quot;Women in Science – Shaping the Future&quot; Roundtable (52853221649).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42145855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42145855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57283872|Rachel Wynberg]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2984-9759 0000-0002-2984-9759]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2srilzIAAAAJ 2srilzIAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/221289195 221289195]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57283872|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57283872/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42146216|Miriam Adhikari]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42146216|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42146216/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Khotso Mokhele]]
| ''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72855367|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72855367/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78910667|Jan Neels]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78910667|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78910667/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48923762|Rashid Hassan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5287-9617 0000-0001-5287-9617]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=B9BihLsAAAAJ B9BihLsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/74908770 74908770]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48923762|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48923762/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78479038|Philemon Mphathi Mjwara]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-2089 0000-0002-3651-2089]
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:9th BRICS STI Senior Officials Meeting (48756384933).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78479038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78479038/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7403839|Saleem Badat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272819134 272819134]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7403839|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7403839/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42293328|Patricia Ann Whitelock]]''
| ''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-4432 0000-0002-4678-4432]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/24755014 24755014]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60170766|Robert de Mello Koch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8129-6242 0000-0001-8129-6242]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N6pVIQoAAAAJ N6pVIQoAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60170766|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60170766/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q340234|Achille Mbembe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1371925|announcer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/112932779 112932779]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Achille Mbembe 2.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q340234|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q340234/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7837812|Trefor Jenkins]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46916068 46916068]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Trefor Jenkins00.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56999820|Olubukola O Babalola]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15253558|activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17989045|vice president]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-1909 0000-0003-4344-1909]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rmHHG2UAAAAJ rmHHG2UAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76462978|Kathy Driver]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-9661 0000-0001-9349-9661]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lnfKLxEAAAAJ lnfKLxEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/281923889 281923889]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76462978|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76462978/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463215|Themba Dube]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-2192 0000-0002-2702-2192]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=J2W53J8AAAAJ J2W53J8AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463215|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463215/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463296|Norman Duncan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-4457 0000-0002-9395-4457]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463296|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463296/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463715|Lourens Marthinus du Plessis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463715/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q68246057|Kieka Mynhardt]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-676X 0000-0001-6981-676X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=J81e5Q8AAAAJ J81e5Q8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/317148208 317148208]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68246057|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68246057/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463789|Willemien du Plessis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16012028|legal scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-5063 0000-0002-0907-5063]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GhA8G1sAAAAJ GhA8G1sAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/68191705 68191705]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463789|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463789/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71850422|James Darkwa]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71850422|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71850422/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76464637|Anton Eberhard]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76464637|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76464637/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71274564|Fazal Mahmood Mahomed]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19661724|Lyn Wadley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0053-0813 0000-0003-0053-0813]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bK8F68UAAAAJ bK8F68UAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/59117828 59117828]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78916493|Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1371378|ethnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5477-607X 0000-0002-5477-607X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=K_TTLasAAAAJ K_TTLasAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22108228 22108228]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78916493|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78916493/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57002842|Andre Strydom]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2117-5921 0000-0002-2117-5921]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57002842|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57002842/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70122331|Paramu Mafongoya]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1781198|agronomist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2918-7767 0000-0002-2918-7767]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Jam6-qsAAAAJ Jam6-qsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/13524668 13524668]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70122331|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70122331/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39271355|Brian Harvey]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-7894 0000-0002-9864-7894]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271355|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271355/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39271374|Rajkumar Ramesar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-1634 0000-0001-5688-1634]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271374|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271374/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78629970|Vincent Clifford Moran]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58158094|Garth Stevens]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1113899|clinical psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q462390|docent]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-0471 0000-0002-4285-0471]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=grAIOY0AAAAJ grAIOY0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/32321807 32321807]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58158094|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58158094/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57869901|Gary Stevens]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1593-9419 0000-0003-1593-9419]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57869901|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57869901/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78630482|Alan G Morris]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630482|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630482/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78630729|Johann Mouton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hs9R5SIAAAAJ hs9R5SIAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630729|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630729/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78630987|Jeffrey Mphahlele]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630987/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43165660|Edward Rybicki]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-9911 0000-0001-8024-9911]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VHZLh3EAAAAJ VHZLh3EAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8027168049010038410006 8027168049010038410006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78198987|Christopher Cuthber Posela Madiba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78198987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78198987/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78199182|Nomathemba Virginia Magi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78199182|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78199182/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78200124|Duma Enoch Malaza]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200124|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200124/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78200511|Johannes Albertus Geldenhuys Malherbe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1327130|electronics technician]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200511|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200511/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046047|Pragasen Pillay]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4pcRZs0AAAAJ 4pcRZs0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046047/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41583107|Mohamed Seedat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9018-3370 0000-0001-9018-3370]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41583107|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41583107/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046054|Wieland Gevers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-2625 0000-0003-1138-2625]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046054|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046054/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046057|Sibusiso Sibisi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046057|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046057/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046066|B. Daya Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-4821 0000-0002-8250-4821]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CWYli-kAAAAJ CWYli-kAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/108617120 108617120]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Daya Reddy 2018.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43024855|Don Cowan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-861X 0000-0001-8059-861X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/5256169639277196580003 5256169639277196580003]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43024855|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43024855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4819906|Chris Brink]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/62228603 62228603]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47205984|Antoinette Lombard]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7019111|social worker]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q8142883|criminologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-2435 0000-0003-1380-2435]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47205984|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47205984/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6694525|Loyiso Nongxa]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-8833 0000-0002-7069-8833]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=1slz3CoAAAAJ 1slz3CoAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6694525|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6694525/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28320142|Charles Shey Wiysonge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1273-4779 0000-0002-1273-4779]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QXIHmpMAAAAJ QXIHmpMAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28320142|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28320142/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78635852|Bangilizwe Mqeke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78635852|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78635852/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56722047|Albert T Modi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-1721 0000-0002-6887-1721]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/313495373 313495373]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56722047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56722047/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57010385|Charles Feldman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6881-8314 0000-0002-6881-8314]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RMrGGTEAAAAJ RMrGGTEAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57010385|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57010385/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78636399|Abraham Muasya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636399|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636399/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78636572|John Cantius Mubangizi]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-268X 0000-0002-1408-268X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636572|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636572/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7849622|Tshilidzi Marwala]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1906857|mechanical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7372-5510 0000-0001-7372-5510]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BTVVLk0AAAAJ BTVVLk0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6459149068376565730001 6459149068376565730001]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tshilidzi Marwala 20230801.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7849622|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7849622/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80079312|Willem Francois Petrus van Heerden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079312|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079312/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78638269|Johan Pieter Muller]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-7089 0000-0001-5777-7089]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4LqP-O0AAAAJ 4LqP-O0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78638269|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78638269/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80079982|Paul David van Helden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079982|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079982/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5111630|Christof Heyns]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7650-1993 0000-0001-7650-1993]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/71553415 71553415]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:UNSR Christof Heyns speaks at the Member States briefing on the project to develop recommendations for managing peaceful protests (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5111630|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5111630/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4679172|Adam Habib]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q222344|cinematographer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/270259342 270259342]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dr. Adam Habib, University of Natal.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4679172|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4679172/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80080147|Albert van Jaarsveld]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_gctYysAAAAJ _gctYysAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080147|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080147/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80080649|Anton Albert van Niekerk]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080649|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080649/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69988844|Jean M.S. Lubuma]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69988844|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69988844/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53697704|Mike M Sathekge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2806-0625 0000-0002-2806-0625]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3495158005997502100008 3495158005997502100008]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53697704|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53697704/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78639158|David Mycock]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78639158|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78639158/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46200956|Bhekie B. Mamba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-2579 0000-0003-2534-2579]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LrpKtfgAAAAJ LrpKtfgAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46200956|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46200956/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80081069|Frederik van Niekerk]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80081069|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80081069/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7563912|Sospeter Muhongo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306102304 306102304]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sospeter Muhongo IAEA.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7563912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7563912/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q36687101|Teresa A. Coutinho]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3746192|phytopathologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-4343 0000-0002-3227-4343]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bsBzdrYAAAAJ bsBzdrYAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36687101|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36687101/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79649912|Roelf Feenstra Sandenbergh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q27947380|metallurgical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-5954 0000-0003-0594-5954]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79649912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79649912/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59610311|Shireen Hassim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15319501|social scientist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/10088136 10088136]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59610311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59610311/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80082536|Brian W. Van Wilgen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-7521 0000-0002-1536-7521]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5FfLX_4AAAAJ 5FfLX_4AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56150824|Carolus Johannes Reinecke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306172207 306172207]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56150824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56150824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79075772|Phuthi E Ngoepe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79075772|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79075772/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79076052|Ojelanki Ngwenyama]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79076052|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79076052/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79652950|Mamadou Sango]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79652950|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79652950/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46205941|Leslie Swartz]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-5897 0000-0003-1741-5897]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tZXC_70AAAAJ tZXC_70AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/164943892 164943892]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46205941|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46205941/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62064990|Brij Maharaj]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1266-2231 0000-0003-1266-2231]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lZG7jMoAAAAJ lZG7jMoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/38813774 38813774]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62064990|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62064990/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79654039|Christopher Saunders]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654039|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654039/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5262482|Derek Yach]]''
| ''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-1457 0000-0003-1424-1457]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9Yk8-oEAAAAJ 9Yk8-oEAAAAJ]&lt;br/&gt;[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VXtuEqAAAAAJ VXtuEqAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/18783190 18783190]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Derek yach.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5262482|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5262482/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79654325|Maria Schoeman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654325|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654325/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087071|Jacobus Daniel van Wyk]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087071|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087071/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087693|Christopher Vaughan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087693|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087693/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087808|Daniel Verwoerd]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087808|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087808/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087885|Zeblon Zenzele Vilakaz]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087885/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80088005|Karel Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088005|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088005/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80088190|Frans Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088190|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088190/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29052586|Brenda Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6189-1519 0000-0002-6189-1519]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9tCXKQ0AAAAJ 9tCXKQ0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79944675|Bohua Sun]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79944675|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79944675/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41596279|Johan van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2462658|manager]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Johan Van Zyl 1 (Toyota Motors Europe) at Toyota Press Conference IAA 2017 by Nicolas Völcker.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41596279|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41596279/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79945707|Hendrik Swart]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45345034|Malose Jack Mphahlele]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6018-5671 0000-0002-6018-5671]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45345034|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45345034/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79945878|Christiaan F Swanepoel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945878|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945878/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79657655|Barry David Schoub]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79657655|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79657655/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946125|Frans Swanepoel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q107369298|sustainability scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15978655|consultant]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9388-7274 0000-0002-9388-7274]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NB7GntMAAAAJ NB7GntMAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946125|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946125/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946477|Gerald Edwin Swan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946477|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946477/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946604|Edward Sturrock]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80090874|Louise Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80090874|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80090874/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091205|Sibusiso Vil-Nkomo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091205|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091205/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091417|Daniel Visser]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091417/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79947307|Rolf Heinrich Stumpf]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79947307|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79947307/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091519|Renuka Vithal]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091519/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57889447|Shane A Norris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-3788 0000-0001-7124-3788]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889447|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889447/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70720643|Mike Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2487799|mycologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9346-2009 0000-0001-9346-2009]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wT4V7isAAAAJ wT4V7isAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/14989035 14989035]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22155914471039401883 22155914471039401883]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091772|Wilma Viviers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-7862 0000-0001-7471-7862]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WeN2tPYAAAAJ WeN2tPYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091772|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091772/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1086728|Christopher Henshilwood]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17488316|prehistorian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-293X 0000-0002-2818-293X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vYE3hmAAAAAJ vYE3hmAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/14306558 14306558]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Csh Blombos 2017 v2.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1086728|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1086728/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57889897|Andre P Kengne]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5183-131X 0000-0002-5183-131X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/310750363 310750363]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889897|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889897/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56015824|Alfred Botha]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0988-647X 0000-0003-0988-647X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56015824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56015824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70721384|Jacek Banasiak]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3381-0774 0000-0003-3381-0774]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NNmEQjQAAAAJ NNmEQjQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51985030 51985030]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70721384|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70721384/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1952473|Thumbi Ndung'u]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-3992 0000-0003-2962-3992]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bVCgcb8AAAAJ bVCgcb8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306421897 306421897]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1952473|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1952473/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57890766|Johann Kirsten]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0770-9648 0000-0003-0770-9648]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=onTpBZcAAAAJ onTpBZcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/67650643 67650643]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57890766|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57890766/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79660900|Roland Schulze]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3644587|hydrologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42177417|Anna Coutsoudis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42177417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42177417/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77643715|Neil Jarvis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Neil Victor Jarvis (05610234) (51419910229).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643715/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77643802|Mohamed S Jeenah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643802|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643802/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42178276|Renée Kraan-Korteweg]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-6250 0000-0002-0202-6250]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272584657 272584657]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77644158|Branislav Jeremic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3554314 3554314]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644158|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644158/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79950929|Christopher Stroud]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/36109902 36109902]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79950929|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79950929/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43188044|Willem Heber van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-353X 0000-0001-8195-353X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wbYsUOUAAAAJ wbYsUOUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60055963|João P. Rodrigues]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-3845 0000-0002-1980-3845]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77644777|Eugene Llewellyn Julies]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644777|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644777/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42323167|Caroline Tiemessen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-1690 0000-0002-0991-1690]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42323167|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42323167/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91052641|John Parkington]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-6826 0000-0001-6127-6826]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tk-A4MsAAAAJ tk-A4MsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/36952076 36952076]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77644853|Ashraf Kagee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-2566 0000-0003-1241-2566]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fxS68wwAAAAJ fxS68wwAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644853|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644853/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79951611|Anton Ströh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951611|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951611/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79951700|Pieter Helenius Stoker]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951700|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951700/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79951875|Nthoana Tau-Mzamane]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951875|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951875/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77645289|Michael Kahn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-0682 0000-0002-8673-0682]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=eW1eYqsAAAAJ eW1eYqsAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77645289|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77645289/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60633415|Leickness Chisamu Simbayi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-4092 0000-0001-6136-4092]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8JN3wDIAAAAJ 8JN3wDIAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/10088158 10088158]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60633415|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60633415/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78222841|Tinyiko Maluleke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4663-6093 0000-0002-4663-6093]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PcJtw6QAAAAJ PcJtw6QAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78222841|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78222841/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80097315|Sebastiaan von Solms]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097315|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097315/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80097547|Hester Vorster]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2576499|nutritionist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/163644131 163644131]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097547|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097547/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80097761|Yusef Waghid]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-824X 0000-0003-2565-824X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/45355860 45355860]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097761/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76493965|Fred Ellery]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2560911|physical geographer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SLRs89YAAAAJ SLRs89YAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76493965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76493965/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79233222|Frederick Mark Orkin]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79233222|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79233222/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56598884|Anastassios Pouris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5367-2498 0000-0002-5367-2498]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=O0cg2GwAAAAJ O0cg2GwAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/73623450 73623450]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56598884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56598884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77791882|Duard Godfried Kleyn]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77791882|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77791882/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42181924|Viness Pillay]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8119-3347 0000-0002-8119-3347]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RSfUGncAAAAJ RSfUGncAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42181924|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42181924/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76926947|Ronald Harley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/192970031 192970031]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77647971|Steven Karataglidis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77647971|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77647971/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76927153|Susan Thérèse Largier Harrison]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76927153|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76927153/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77792183|Hester Klopper]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9808-7586 0000-0001-9808-7586]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=d0wQfFsAAAAJ d0wQfFsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/61195592 61195592]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77792183|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77792183/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76350522|John Darrell Comins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76350522|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76350522/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42182322|Jill Adler]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-5732 0000-0002-4367-5732]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sZL50Y8AAAAJ sZL50Y8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/65809739 65809739]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42182322|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42182322/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79089855|Mokubung Nkomo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79089855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79089855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59050386|Marissa Rollnick]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-8683 0000-0002-9543-8683]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/60684003 60684003]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59050386|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59050386/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51697828|Kathryn H. Myburgh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-2120 0000-0003-4501-2120]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DXNUiEEAAAAJ DXNUiEEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/205963403 205963403]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1382575|Mark Solms]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3410028|psychoanalyst]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q6337803|neuroscientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4828-3882 0000-0003-4828-3882]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vD4p8rQAAAAJ vD4p8rQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22297525 22297525]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mark Solms 2008.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1382575|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1382575/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q517589|Richard Goldstone]]''
| [[Adájọ́]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[amòfin]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/117719743 117719743]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Richard Goldstone.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q517589|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q517589/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57897506|Jeremy Seekings]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-412X 0000-0002-8029-412X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/39593744 39593744]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57897506|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57897506/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80099721|Melanie Walker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q88011130|educational researcher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7859-6380 0000-0002-7859-6380]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VqfZMP4AAAAJ VqfZMP4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/29868729 29868729]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099721|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099721/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76351351|Neville Raymond Comins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351351|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351351/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76351372|Ernst Conradie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0020-6952 0000-0002-0020-6952]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=38lWb7QAAAAJ 38lWb7QAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232801939 232801939]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351372|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351372/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80099861|Qing-Guo Wang]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-3716 0000-0002-3672-3716]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=joK9NAoAAAAJ joK9NAoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/116302464 116302464]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099861|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099861/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77793537|Horst Helmut Klump]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77793851|Klaus Koch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-4406 0000-0003-3845-4406]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76352178|Jacobus Conradie]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76352178|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76352178/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76785769|Nicolaas Claudius Gey van Pittius]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76785769|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76785769/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18685421|Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-5080 0000-0002-9786-5080]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jYYbmqEAAAAJ jYYbmqEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27342603 27342603]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan, West Coast Fossil Park tour.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78660593|Vinasan Naidoo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78660593|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78660593/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77795657|Carolina Koornhof]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-036X 0000-0002-8169-036X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JbJV-JcAAAAJ JbJV-JcAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77795657|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77795657/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77796013|Girish J Kotwal]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-3539 0000-0002-9925-3539]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4UVt0yUAAAAJ 4UVt0yUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77796013|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77796013/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76786831|Rob Gous]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76786831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76786831/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76787034|Amanda Gouws]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-3944 0000-0003-1260-3944]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=dxK0dqsAAAAJ dxK0dqsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2096165628883842480006 2096165628883842480006]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/44531414 44531414]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76787034|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76787034/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931424|Driekie Hay-Swemmer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78661696|Jean B Nachenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78661696|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78661696/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61793884|John R. N. Taylor]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-2093 0000-0002-9714-2093]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/64230064 64230064]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61793884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61793884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931737|Manfred Armin Hellberg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47809492|Crick Lund]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5159-8220 0000-0002-5159-8220]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nf0cwG0AAAAJ nf0cwG0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/282940674 282940674]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47809492|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47809492/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51846346|Renfrew Christie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20826540|scholar]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/62928676 62928676]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931931|Fred Thomas Hendricks]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931931/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78662033|Gonasageran Naidoo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78662033|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78662033/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1675344|Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-9467 0000-0001-7008-9467]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1150577 1150577]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1675344|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1675344/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80104074|Paula Watt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104154725|plant biotechnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-1806 0000-0002-6253-1806]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=e4Lx7rIAAAAJ e4Lx7rIAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104074|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104074/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80104194|Stefan Weiss]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104194|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104194/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1387629|George F. R. Ellis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-0629 0000-0001-8484-0629]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=K2h8IqwAAAAJ K2h8IqwAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109637661 109637661]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:George Ellis 0040.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79095290|Stella M. Nkomo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q108929301|scholar in residence]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095290|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095290/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79383720|Samuel George Harker Philande]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383720|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383720/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79095442|Dion Nkomo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095442|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095442/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76788759|Kesh Govinder]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76788759|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76788759/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79383865|Ian Phimister]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383865|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383865/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78663066|Luigi Renzo Nassimbeni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78663066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78663066/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>hl7vtxf3bsrxrydbvg3k088p6e80onl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Democratic Republic of the Congo universities et al</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68344</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636164</id>
      <parentid>625078</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T09:59:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636164</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2703" sha1="l54czirc5t2i4d42uxa8e7mrku1jc27" xml:space="preserve">The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q974 Scholia for the Democratic Republic of the Congo]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT
  ?number_of_authors
  ?number_of_works
  ?item
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing|📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WITH {  
  SELECT
    ?item
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works)
  WHERE {
    ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q974 .
    ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item .
    ?work wdt:P50 ?author .
  }
  GROUP BY ?item 
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language &quot;[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh&quot;. }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia

|columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Organization
! Number of authors
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q774520|University of Kinshasa]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q774520|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q774520/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q273894|Piarists]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q273894|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q273894/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58377933|Souther Times]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q58377933|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q58377933/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1003588|Francophonie]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104601305|Widal Foundation]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104601305|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104601305/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1588869|Université de Lubumbashi]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1588869|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1588869/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3202688|L'Avenir]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3202688|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3202688/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7132053|Panzi Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7132053|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7132053/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q780301|University of Kisangani]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q780301|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q780301/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>l54czirc5t2i4d42uxa8e7mrku1jc27</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Tunesian universities et al</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68373</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636167</id>
      <parentid>634357</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T10:27:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>636167</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7148" sha1="fdmiycb0yzmqr89oop0xp0bwzfy53n5" xml:space="preserve">The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q948 Scholia for Tunesia]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT
  ?number_of_authors
  ?number_of_works
  ?item
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing|📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WITH {  
  SELECT
    ?item
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works)
  WHERE {
    ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q948 .
    ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item .
    ?work wdt:P50 ?author .
  }
  GROUP BY ?item 
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
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ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia

|columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Organization
! Number of authors
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3551686|Tunis University]]''
| 18
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551686|118]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551686/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117284552|UR21ES01]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117284552|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117284552/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q784477|Tunisian Writers Union]]''
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q784477|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q784477/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4164494|Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4164494|16]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4164494/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q539918|Ash'ari]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q428136|University of Ez-Zitouna]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q428136|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q428136/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12236035|Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of Tunis]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12236035|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12236035/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91611455|Faculty of Sciences of Sfax]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q91611455|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q91611455/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100979927|Kairouan Yeshiva]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100979927|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100979927/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12193455|Institut supérieur de théologie de Tunis]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193455|51]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193455/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12193512|Higher Institute of Music]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193512|51]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193512/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1003588|Francophonie]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16684287|Higher School of War]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16684287|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16684287/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q540341|University of Sfax]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q540341|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q540341/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56085233|Wikimedians of Tamazight User Group]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12244312|Institut des Hautes Etudes de Tunis]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12244312|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12244312/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1291779|Al-Zaytunah Mosque]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1291779|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1291779/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16529070|Association for the protection of the medina of Tunis]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16529070|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16529070/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22928671|Normal Higher School of Tunis]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22928671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22928671/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3268554|Alaoui Lyceum]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3268554|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3268554/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3513937|Taht Essour]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3513937|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3513937/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108866852|Bouden Cabinet]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108866852|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108866852/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12192657|École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12192657|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12192657/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135063577|Merian Centre for Advanced Studies in the Maghreb (MECAM)]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q135063577|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q135063577/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2860551|National Archives of Tunisia]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2860551|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2860551/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3416753|Radio Monastir]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3416753|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3416753/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3551596|University of Jendouba]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551596|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551596/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3551602|University of Kairouan]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551602|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551602/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3551673|University of Sousse]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551673|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551673/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4672520|Access Now]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672520|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672520/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q586066|Tunisian Communist Party]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q586066|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q586066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q649578|University of Gabès]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649578|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649578/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q852223|Carthage University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q852223|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q852223/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96271739|LR11ES01]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96271739|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96271739/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96272020|LR16AGR01]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272020|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272020/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96272176|LR18ES30]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272176|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272176/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ufuoma McDermott</title>
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{{Infobox person||image=Ufuoma Ejenobor.JPG|caption=Ufuoma Ejenobor at a photo shoot in 2008|birth_name=Ufuoma Stacey Ejenobor|birth_date={{birth date and age|1981|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Benin City]], [[Edo State|Edo]], Nigeria|yearsactive=2004–present|occupation=[[Actor]], [[Television presenter|Presenter]], [[Television producer|Producer]], [[Film Director]].|spouse=Steven McDermott (m. 2010)  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://nigeriafilms.com/news/7307/6/ufuoma-ejenobor-weds-in-style-exclusive-photos.html|title=UFUOMA EJENOBOR WEDS IN STYLE: EXCLUSIVE PHOTOS|date=26 April 2010|accessdate=1 May 2011|archive-date=9 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409162610/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7307/6/ufuoma-ejenobor-weds-in-style-exclusive-photos.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;|website=|children=2|alma mater=Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó|citizenship=Nàìjíríà}}
'''Ufuoma Stacey McDermott''' (tí a bí ní 23 Oṣù Kẹẹ̀rin, Ọdún 1981)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/05/get-the-scoop-ireti-doyle-uti-nwachukwu-uru-eke-ufuoma-mcdermott-more-star-in-duplicity-tv-series/|title=Ufuoma McDermott Nee Ejenobor|accessdate=24 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html|title=Ufuoma born Ejenobor Married McDermott|accessdate=24 August 2016|archive-date=27 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200845/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ́ òṣèrébìnrin, afẹwàṣiṣé, àti olùgbéré-jáde ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html|title=Film making certificate|accessdate=24 August 2016|archive-date=27 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200845/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
A bí Ejenobor ní [[Ìlú Benin]] ṣùgbọ́n àwọn òbí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ẹ̀yà [[Urhobo]] tí ó wá láti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Dẹ́ltà]]. Nígbà tí ó wà lọ́mọ ọdún mẹ́je, bàbá rẹ̀ fun ní orúkọ ìnagi tí n ṣe ISIO (èyítí ó túmọ̀ sí “oníràwọ̀” ní èdè Urhobo ). Wọ́n sọ orúkọ rẹ̀ láti fi jọ ti gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin kan tí ó maá n ṣe atọ́kùn ètò ''The Pot of Life'' lóri ìkànnì NTA Benin.

== Ọ̀rọ̀ ayé rẹ̀ ==
Ejenobor di aládélórí ní 23 Oṣù Kẹẹ̀rin Ọdún 2010 pẹ̀lú fífẹ́ Steven McDermott,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ufuoma Ejenobor pregnant again, expecting second child|url=http://www.nollywoodsocial.net/ufuoma-ejenobor-pregnant-again-2nd-baby-on-the-way/|accessdate=10 August 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813023545/http://www.nollywoodsocial.net/ufuoma-ejenobor-pregnant-again-2nd-baby-on-the-way/|archivedate=13 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ṣùgbọ́n ó yí orúkọ rẹ̀ padà sí Ufuoma McDermott ní 23 Oṣù Kaàrún Ọdún 2014 ní ilé-ẹjọ́ gíga ti ìlú Èkó.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hazeez.blogspot.com.ng/2014/04/why-actress-ufoma-ejenobor-changes-her.html|title=Why change of name|accessdate=29 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ètò ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
Ó lọ sí Alama Private School ní ìlú Jọs, ìpínlẹ̀ Plateau. Ó tún lọ sí Tunwase Nursery and primary school ní ìlú [[Ikeja]], ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó kí ó tó tún wá lọ sí Molly International Nursery and primary school ní Ajao Estate fún ètò-ẹ̀kọ́ alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀. Lẹ́hìn náà, ó lọ sí Federal Government College, Odogbolu, Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn fún ètò-ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀.

Ufuoma ti gba oyè nínu ìmọ̀ èdè Faransé láti [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó]]. Ó tún ní oyè gíga nínu ìmọ̀ Ọ̀rọ̀ Ìlú àti Káríayé láti [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó]] bákan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.buy.com/prod/university-of-lagos-alumni-eldee-ufuoma-ejenobor-farida-mzamber-waziri/q/loc/106/216165766.html|title=University of Lagos Alumni|accessdate=19 July 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2011, ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ''New York Film Academy'' tí ó wà ní ìlú [[Los Angeles]] láti kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ eré ṣíṣe. Ní ọdún 2013, ó gba oyè nínu ìmọ̀ ìṣàkóso àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ láti ''London Business School''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ufuoma-mcdermott-9-things-you-should-know-about-actress-id4954969.html|title=Ufuoma McDermott 9 things you should know about actress|last=|first=|date=|website=|accessdate=23 February 2018|archive-date=24 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224052831/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ufuoma-mcdermott-9-things-you-should-know-about-actress-id4954969.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.crestnewsng.com/2017/04/24/beautiful-life-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott/|title=The Beautiful Life Of Nollywood Actress, Ufuoma McDermott|accessdate=23 February 2018|archivedate=24 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224002046/http://www.crestnewsng.com/2017/04/24/beautiful-life-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ìṣe rẹ̀ ==
Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ eré ìdárayá gẹ́gẹ́ bi afẹwàṣiṣẹ́ ní ọdún 2000 kí ó tó tún wá lọ fún ìdíje ẹwà.
[[Fáìlì:Ufuoma_Ejenobor_for_Collectibles.JPG|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor on the runway for Collectibles]]

=== Ìdíje ẹwà ===
Ní ọdún 2002, ó ti kópa nínu àwọn ìdíjẹ méji kan. Ó gbégbá orókè níbi ìdíje ẹwà ''Miss Ebony beauty pageant'' ṣùgbọ́n ó gba ẹ̀bùn ti ''Miss Congeniality'' níbi ìdíje ẹlẹ́kejì, ìyẹn ti ''Miss Commonwealth''.

=== Eré sinimá àgbéléwò ===
Ní Oṣù Kejì, Ọdún 2004, Ejenobor pinnu láti máa ṣiṣẹ́ fíìmù. Ó kọ́kọ́ kópa nínu eré Zeb Ejiro kan tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''The President Must Not Die''. Ní Oṣù Kaàrún Ọdún 2005, ó kó àkọ́kọ́ ipa Olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn rẹ̀ nínu eré tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Life and Death''.
[[Fáìlì:UEmomandi.JPG|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor on the set of ''My Mum and I'' as &quot;Lillian Wright&quot;]]
Ní ọdún 2008, ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bi “Lillian Wright” nínu eré tẹlifíṣònù tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ n ṣe  ''My Mum and I.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.royalrootsng.com/mumandi.php|title=Mum and I|accessdate=19 July 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101111015931/http://www.royalrootsng.com/mumandi.php|archivedate=11 November 2010|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/5185/4/royal-roots-has-raised-the-bar-ufuoma-ejenobor.html|title=Royal Roots Has Raised the Bar|accessdate=19 July 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714182440/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/5185/4/royal-roots-has-raised-the-bar-ufuoma-ejenobor.html|archivedate=14 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showtime/2009/june/05/showtime-06-05-2009-003.htm|title=Royal Roots begins Mum and I on AIT|accessdate=19 July 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608060739/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showtime/2009/june/05/showtime-06-05-2009-003.htm|archivedate=8 June 2009|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

* 

[[Fáìlì:Ufuoma_Ejenobor_at_the_2010_Golden_Nymph_Awards_in_Monte_Carlo.jpg|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor níbi ayẹyẹ  Golden Nymph]]
[[File:UELLCJ.JPG|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor níbi ayẹyẹ  50th Golden Nymph ni Monaco|link=Special:FilePath/UELLCJ.JPG]]
[[Fáìlì:UEterra.JPG|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor níbi ayẹyẹ   Terracotta Awards 2010 ]]
[[File:UEJM.JPG|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor àti John McCook|link=Special:FilePath/UEJM.JPG]]

== Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ rẹ̀ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Ọdún
!Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ
!Ẹ̀ka
!Èsì
|-
|2003
|Nigerian French Village
|Fille Africaine
|Gbàá
|-
|2007
|African heart foundation at The African Fashion show
|Best Model
|Gbàá
|-
|2009
|African Youth Society
|Role Model Award
|Gbàá
|-
|2010
|Golden Nymph Award at the Monte Carlo Television Festival
|Best Actress in a comedy
|Wọ́n yàán &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tvfestival.com/content/Presentation-Nominees/presentation_nomineesUK.php?menu=smenu2&amp;trk=nom&amp;typeN=2&amp;ER=TC|title=Golden Nymph 2010 Nominees|accessdate=18 July 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717115420/http://www.tvfestival.com/content/Presentation-Nominees/presentation_nomineesUK.php?menu=smenu2&amp;trk=nom&amp;typeN=2&amp;ER=TC|archivedate=17 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2010
|Terracotta Television and Film Awards
|Best Actress in a drama series
|Wọ́n yàán &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://terracottaawards.com/award.html|title=Terracotta 2010 Nominees|accessdate=18 July 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716211223/http://terracottaawards.com/award.html|archivedate=16 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2011
|The Future Awards
|Best Actress
|Wọ́n yàán &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.cp-africa.com/2010/12/08/full-list-nominees-future-awards/|title=TFA 2011 Nominees|accessdate=29 October 2016|archive-date=29 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029174739/http://www.cp-africa.com/2010/12/08/full-list-nominees-future-awards/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://thefutureafrica.com/awards/tfaa-2011-nominees/|title=TFAA 2011 Nominees|accessdate=29 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014
|AMVCA Africa Magic Viewers choice awards
|Best New media-Online video
|Wọ́n yàán (JUNGLE JEWEL) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://africamagic.dstv.com/2013/12/06/2014-amvca-nominees-announced/|title=AMVCA 2014 nominees|accessdate=29 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hapakenya.com/2013/12/06/africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-2014-amvca-nominees-announced/|title=AMVCA 2014 announced|accessdate=29 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2015
|Delta Entertainment Awards
|Most Outstanding Actress
|Gbàá&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://onobello.com/delta-entertainment-awards/|title=DEA 2015 Nominees|accessdate=29 October 2016|archive-date=29 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029174606/http://onobello.com/delta-entertainment-awards/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://deltaentertainmentawards.com/winners/|title=DEA 2015 Winners|accessdate=29 October 2016|archive-date=29 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029181145/http://deltaentertainmentawards.com/winners/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2016
|ELOY Awards
|Actress (Big screen)
|Wọ́n yàán &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/10/the-2016-exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-tiwa-savage-omoni-oboli-adesua-etomi-many-more-outstanding-women-nominated/|title=ELOY 2016 announced|accessdate=29 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2016/10/nominees-announced-2016-eloy-awards/|title=ELOY 2016 nominees|accessdate=29 October 2016|archive-date=29 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029174802/https://www.360nobs.com/2016/10/nominees-announced-2016-eloy-awards/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/events/eloy-awards-nominee-list-2016-id5568351.html|title=ELOY 2016 nominee List|accessdate=29 October 2016|archive-date=29 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029235304/http://pulse.ng/events/eloy-awards-nominee-list-2016-id5568351.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://exquisitemag.com/eloy-vote-2016/|title=ELOY 2016 vote|accessdate=29 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2017
|City People Awards
|Best Actress
|Gbàá
|-
|}

== Àwọn àṣàyàn eré rẹ̀ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Year
!Film
!Role
!Notes
|-
|2004
|''The President Must Not Die''
|Detective- Supporting role
|Film Director Zeb Ejiro starring [[Ibinabo Fiberesima]], Enebeli Elebuwa- Released 2005
|-
|2004
|''Life Partner''
|
|Film Director Adim Williams also starring Jim Iyke, Lilian Bach
|-
|2004
|''Queen of My Heart''
|Claudia
|Film Director Neville Ossai starring [[Rita Dominic]], Clem Ohameze
|-
|2004
|''Secrets and Lies''
|
|TV mini-series
|-
|2005
|''Life and Death''
|
|*1st Lead Role. Film Director Bond Emeruwa starring Zack Orji, Emeka Ossai
|-
|2005
|''Guy on The Line''
|
|Film Director Jaja Michael starring [[Rita Dominic]], Jim Iyke, Chidi Mokeme
|-
|2005
|''Missed Love''
|
|Film Director Adim Williams starring [[Oge Okoye]], Hank Anuku, Jim Iyke
|-
|2005
|''Two Good Friends''
|Floxy
|Film Directors Famous Otakpowen and Omoefe Kingsley starring John Okafor, Empress Njamah, Grace Amah, Uche Jombo
|-
|2005
|''Desperate Billionaire''
|
|Film Director Jaja Michael starring Bimbo Akintola, [[Rita Dominic]], [[Kanayo O. Kanayo]], [[Ini Edo]]
|-
|2005
|''Unknown Angel''
|Stella
|Film Director Ernest Obi starring Ernest Obi, Emeka Eniocha, Ebubu Nwagbo, Tony Umez, Mike Ezuruonye
|-
|2005
|''Height Of Indecision''
|
|Film Director Ernest Obi starring Amaechi Munagor, Chinyere Wilfred
|-
|2005
|''Baby Guards''
|Nonye
|Film Director Ifeanyi Onyeabo starring Ashley Nwosu, [[Osita Iheme]], [[Chinedu Ikedieze]]
|-
|2005
|''My Experience''
|
|Film Director Oyin starring Emeka Enyioha, [[Ini Edo]], Susuan Patrick, Thelma Okodua
|-
|2006
|''Emotional Blackmail''
|
|Film Director Ernest Obi starring Zack Orji, Tony Umez, Mike Ezuruonye, [[Ini Edo]]
|-
|2006
|''One Chance''
|
|Film Director Emeka Nwabueze starring [[Oge Okoye]], Emeka Nwafor, Francis Duru, Moses Armstrong
|-
|2006
|''Painful World''
|Vivian
|Film Director Willie Ajenge starring [[Chioma Chukwuka]], Desmond Elliot, Mercy Johnson, Moses Effret
|-
|2006
|''Honey Desire''
|Vivian
|Film Director Stanley William starring Florence Onuma, Ngozi Orji, Mike Ezuruonye, Monalisa Chinda
|-
|2006
|''Edge of Paradise''
|Chibuzor (2 Episodes)
|TV soap. Film Director Greg Odutayo starring Norbert Young, Caroline King, Akeem Rahaman
|-
|2006
|''Dangerous Friends''
|
|Film Director Ernest Obi starring Steph-Nora Okere, Mike Ezuruonye, Yemi Blaq, [[Onyeka Onwenu]]
|-
|2006
|''Nebuchadnezzar''
|Cynthia
|Film Director Stanley William starring Emeka Eniocha, Moses Armstrong, John Okafor
|-
|2006
|''Dream come True''
|Lagbaja's Choice
|Musical Video for Musician Lagbaja from the Album &quot;Africano&quot;
|-
|2007
|''Saving Sarah''
|Sarah
|Film Director Lancelot Imasuen starring Jim Iyke, Desmond Elliot
|-
|2007
|''Devil's Workshop''
|Nkechi
|Film Director Willie Ajenge starring St Obi, Stephanie Okereke
|-
|2007
|''Classical Fraud''
|Cynthia
|Film Director Ifeanyi starring [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Egbuson]], Alex Usifo, Florence Onuma, Clem Ohameze
|-
|2007
|''Mortal Man''
|Marian
|Film Director Gloriana James Robert starring Mike Ezuruonye, Emeka Eniocha
|-
|2007
|''Sounds of Poverty''
|Ene
|Film Director Suuny Okwori starring Monalisa Chinda, Susan Peters
|-
|2007
|''Super story'' ( Everything It Takes )
|Joke
|TV series. Film Director Andy Amenechi starring John Njamah, Kalu Ikeagwu, Paul Adams, Gloria Young, Gbenga Richards
|-
|2007
|''Twist of Fate''
|Vivian
|Film Director Willie Ajenge starring Desmond Elliot, Mercy Johson, Moses Effret
|-
|2007
|''A Night in the Philippines''
|Amarachi
|Film Director Zeb Ejiro starring Ibinabo Fiberesima, Desmond Elliot Mary Eboka
|-
|2007
|''Buy Me a Rose''
|Rich
|Film Director Ernest Obi starring Dakore Egbuson, [[Ramsey Nouah]], Bukky Ajayi, Arinze Okonkwo
|-
|2007
|''Titanic Tussle''
|Mrs Owolabi
|Film Director Andy Amenechi starring Kenneth Okonkwo, Mike Ezuruonye Nkiru Sylvanus
|-
|2008
|''Rose of Africa''
|Rich
|Film Director Ernest Obi starring Mike Ezuruonye, Dakore Egbuson, Steph Nora Okere, Moses Armstrong, [[Ramsey Nouah]]
|-
|2008
|''Italian Deal''
|Lina
|Film Director Ernest Obi starring Yvonne Jegede, Mike Ezuruonye, Kalu Ikeagwu, Femi Branch
|-
|2008
|''Ice Cold''
|
|Film Director Nnamdi Odunze starring Mike Okon, Alex Usifo, Femi Brainard, Vitalis Ndubisi
|-
|2008
|''Divine Partner''
|Doctor
|Film Director Yinka starring [[Oge Okoye]], Tony Umez bendict Johnson
|-
|2008
|''Final Tussle''
|Mrs Owolabi
|Film Director Andy Amenechi starring Desmond Elliot, Eurcharia Anunobi, Kenneth Oknokwo, Mike Ezuruonye
|-
|2009
|''Empty Coffin''
|Lilian
|Film Director Emeka Hills starring Zack Orji, Emeka Ike
|-
|2009
|''Be Yourself''
|
|Film Director Emeka Nwabueze starring Amechi Munagor, Moses Effret
|-
|2009
|''My Mum And I''
|Lilian Wright
|TV series. Film Director Greg Odutayo starring Gbenga Windapo, Taiwo Atigogo. *5 Golden Nymph Nominations at the 2010 Monte Carlo Television Festival. *10 Nominations at The 2010 Terracotta TV and Film Awads
|-
|2010
|''Hot Island''
|Lucy
|Film Director Emeka Jonathan starring Emeka Ike, Monalisa chinda
|-
|2010
|''Wise In-Law''
|Stella
|Film Director Ikechukwu Onyeka. starring Majid Michel, Charles Inojie, Ngozi Ezeonu, Hafiz Ayetoro
|-
|2010
|''Private Storm''
|Lisa
|Film Director Lancelot Odua Imasuen starring [[Ramsey Nouah]], [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde]], John Duello
|-
|2013
|‘’Vagary’’
|Xter
|Film Director Ejiro Starring: Okey Uzoeshi
|-
|2013
|‘’This House Is Not For Sale’’
|Esther
|Film for TV Director Pat Imobio Starring: Saheed Balogun.
|-
|2014
|‘’Hear Word’’
|Sister Esther
|[[Tíátà|Stage]] Director Ifeoma Fafunwa Starring: Dakore Akande, Joke Silva, Ireti Doyle, Bimbo Akintola, Elvina Ibru, Omonor Shomolu
|-
|2014
|‘’Kin’’
| -
|Film Director Pat Imobio Starring Saheed Balogun,  Tina  Mba
|-
|2015
|‘’Okoro: The Prince’’
|Queen Idia
|Film Director Charles Uwagbai Starring: Alex Usifo, Sam Loco Efe, Edosa Imasuen, Henry Legemah.
|-
|2015
|‘’Hear Word’’ 
|Sister Esther, Women Rally, VVF
|[[Tíátà|Stage]] Director Ifeoma Fafunwa  Starring Kate Henshaw, Kemi Akindoju, Joke Silva, Bimbo Akintola, Elvina Ibru. * The play also went on tour in November for Ake Festival in Ogun state and in Lagos on Christmas day.
|-
|2015
|‘’Merciful’’
|Mercy
|Film Director Zeb Ejiro  Starring Emmanuel Mensah
|-
|2016
|‘’Duplicity’’
|Zeinom Cameron-Cole Meinom Cameron-Cole
|TV Series Director George Kura Starring: Sadiq Daba, Ireti Doyle,  Femi Branch, Anthony Monjaro, Uru Eke, Uti Nwanchukwu, Funnybone Chibunna, Buchi Franklin, Aisha Shaba
|-
|2016
|‘’Hear Word’’  
|Sister Esther, VVF, Women Rally Leader
|[[Tíátà|Stage]] Director Ifeoma Fafunwa Starring: Joke Silva, Bimbo Akintola, Elvina Ibru,  *Local Show; Abuja. *International Premier and tour; Harvard, Connecticut and Amsterdam.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.frascatitheater.nl/content/hear-word?language=en|title=Hear Word in Frascati|accessdate=26 October 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027055641/https://www.frascatitheater.nl/content/hear-word?language=en|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ofa.fas.harvard.edu/event/hear-word-naija-woman-talk-true|title=Hear Word in Havard|accessdate=26 October 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027062157/http://ofa.fas.harvard.edu/event/hear-word-naija-woman-talk-true|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://naijagists.com/in-pictures-joke-silva-ufuoma-ejenobor-bimbo-akintola-model-for-hear-world-naija/|title=Hear Word Actresses|accessdate=26 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/events/hear-word-joke-silva-taiwo-ajai-lycett-ufuoma-mcdermot-bimbo-akintola-others-to-go-live-on-stage-id4367017.html|title=Hear Word on Stage|accessdate=24 August 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027055604/http://pulse.ng/events/hear-word-joke-silva-taiwo-ajai-lycett-ufuoma-mcdermot-bimbo-akintola-others-to-go-live-on-stage-id4367017.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriacommunicationsweek.com.ng/telecom/etisalat-sponsored-hear-word-concludes-intl-tour|title=Hear Word concludes tour|accessdate=26 October 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027123148/http://www.nigeriacommunicationsweek.com.ng/telecom/etisalat-sponsored-hear-word-concludes-intl-tour|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.olisa.tv/2016/05/when-etisalat-sponsored-hear-word-came-to-abuja|title=Hear Word|accessdate=26 October 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027123248/http://www.olisa.tv/2016/05/when-etisalat-sponsored-hear-word-came-to-abuja|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2016
|‘’Wives on Strike’’
|Mama Amina
|Film Director [[Omoni Oboli]] Starring: [[Omoni Oboli]], Uche Jombo, [[Chioma Chukwuka]], Julius Agwu, Kenneth Okonkwo
|-
|2016
|‘’This Thing Called Marriage’’
|Ifeyinwa
|TV Series Director Blessing Effiom Egbe Starring: Femi Jacobs, Tana Adelana, Jennifer John.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/this-thing-called-marriage-watch-femi-jacobs-ufuoma-mcdermott-others-in-1st-episode-video-id4137235.html|title=Ufuoma, Femi and others|accessdate=26 October 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027055857/http://pulse.ng/movies/this-thing-called-marriage-watch-femi-jacobs-ufuoma-mcdermott-others-in-1st-episode-video-id4137235.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2015/09/blessing-effiom-egbes-this-thing-called.html|title=Blessing Effiom's This thing called marriage|accessdate=26 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://xplorenollywood.com/first-episode-of-blessing-egbes-this-thing-called-marriage-now-on-youtube/|title=First episode of This Thing Called Marriage|accessdate=26 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2015/09/this-thing-called-marriage.html|title=This Thing Called Marriage|accessdate=26 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2016
|‘’Okafor’s  Law’’
|Ify
|Film Director Omoni Oboli Starring: [[Omoni Oboli]],  [[Richard Mofẹ́ Damijo|Richard Mofe Damijo]], Blossom Chukwujekwu, Toyin Aimakhu, Halima Abubakar, Mary Lazarus, Yvonne Jegede, Gabriel Afolayan, Ken Erics, Betty Irabo  Tina Mba *City to city official selection at the Toronto International Film Festival &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/okafors-law-watch-omoni-oboli-rmd-toyin-aimakhu-blossom-chukwujekwu-in-new-trailer-id5431286.html|title=Watch Omoni and others in Okafor's Law|accessdate=26 October 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027055518/http://pulse.ng/movies/okafors-law-watch-omoni-oboli-rmd-toyin-aimakhu-blossom-chukwujekwu-in-new-trailer-id5431286.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/09/omoni-obolis-okafors-law-sold-three-halls-tiff/|title=Okafor's Law sold out three halls|accessdate=26 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/okafors-law-omoni-oboli-siff/|title=Okafor's Law selected for SIFF|accessdate=26 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tiff.net/films/okafors-law|title=TIFF City to City Selection|accessdate=26 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2017
|''The Women''
|Omoh
|Film Director Blessing Effiom Egbe starring Kate Henshaw, Omoni Oboli, Katherine Obiang, Tony Monjaro
|-      
|''Christmas is Coming''
|Henri
|Film Director Ufuoma McDermott starring Deyemi Okanlawon, [[Chioma Chukwuka]]
|-    
|''Wives on Strike: The Revolution''
|Mama Amina
|Film Director [[Omoni Oboli]] starring [[Omoni Oboli]], Uche Jombo, [[Chioma Chukwuka]], Julius Agwu, Kenneth Okonkwo
|-   
|2018
|''Esohe''
|Eno
|Film Director Charles Uwagbai Starring:  Jimmy Jean-Louis, Kyle Colton, Desmond Elliot
|-   
|2018
|''What Just Happened''
|Professor Oghogho
|Film Director Charles Uwagbai Starring:  [[Tóyìn Abraham|Toyin Abraham]], Mike Ezuruonye, Segun Arinze
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1981]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>kuh8s150vhq9eskncofkge1cemuqb46</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Uche Ekwunife</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>636069</id>
      <parentid>635071</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-11T18:49:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="9147" sha1="7p7w4ler57c53glmnzgkzdt14c46vyq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Uche Ekwunife
| image               = File:Senator Uche Ekwunife.jpg
| caption             = Senator Uche Ekwunife
| office1             = Member of the [[Nigerian House of Representatives]] from [[Anambra]]
| term_start1         = June 2007
| term_end1           = June 2015
| constituency1       = Anaocha/Njikoka/Dunukofia
| birth_name          = Uche Lilian Ogudebe
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1970|12|12|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Igbo-Ukwu]], [[Anambra]], Nigeria
| office              = Senator ikọ̀ Anambra Central Senatorial District
| term_start          = June 2015
| term_end            = 
| predecessor         = [[Victor Umeh]]
| successor2          = 
| party               = [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP)
| alma_mater          = [[University of Calabar]] ([[BSc]])&lt;br /&gt;
[[Nnamdi Azikiwe University]] ([[MBA]])
| spouse              = Larry Ekwunife
| website             = https://senucheekwunife.com
}}
'''Uche Lilian Ekwunife''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù kìíní ọdún 1970) jẹ́ olóṣèlú ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kàn tí ó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ jẹ́ Sẹ́nẹ́tọ̀ tí ó ń ṣojú fún àwọn ènìyàn agbègbè ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin àárín gbùngbùn Anambra ní ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra . A mọ̀ ọ́n sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn Sẹ́nẹ́tọ̀ obìnrin tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ jùlọ ní Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=2021-08-09|title=Anambra Governorship poll: PDP appoints Ekwunife as Campaign D-G|url=https://guardian.ng/politics/anambra-governorship-poll-pdp-appoints-ekwunife-as-campaign-d-g/|access-date=2022-02-21|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìgbésí ayé ìbéèrè==
Wọ́n bí Ekwunife ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kejìlá, ọdún 1970, ní Igbo-Ukwu, Anambra fún Emmanuel àti Lucy Ogudebe. Ekwunife lọ sí Yunifásítì Calabar ó sì parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú oyè bachelor nínú ẹ̀kọ́ Ìṣòwò àti ìṣirò owó ní ọdún 1993. Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti gba oyè MBA rẹ̀ ní Nnamdi Azikiwe University ní ọdún 2002.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/ekwunife-senator-uche-lilian/|title=Ekwunife Senator Uche Lilian|website=Biography Legacy for Research Foundation|date=2017-08-23|access-date=2024-08-29|archive-date=2024-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620113457/https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/ekwunife-senator-uche-lilian/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Ekwunife ní iṣẹ́ ilé ìfowópamọ́, ó sì dé ipò olùdarí agbègbè kan. Ó fẹ́ oníṣòwò Olórí Larry Ekwunife, wọ́n sì bímọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nassnig.org/mps/single/341|title=About Uche Ekwunife - NASS|website=National Assembly of Nigeria|access-date=2024-08-29|archive-date=2019-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021091751/https://www.nassnig.org/mps/single/341|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìrìnàjò Òsèlú==
Ekwunife díje du ipò fún ètò ìdìbò Gómìnà Anambra lẹ́ẹ̀mejì láìse àṣeyọrí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/|title=The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)|website=INEC WEBSITE|access-date=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣojú fún ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ní ọdún 2007 fún agbègbè Anaocha/Njikoka/Dunukofia ti [[Anambra]]. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn obìnrin 11 tí wọ́n dìbò ní ọdún 2007 tí wọ́n tún dìbò ní ọdún 2011 nígbà tí ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin náà fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ tó 95% ọkùnrin. Àwọn obìnrin mìíràn tí wọ́n dìbò ni [[Juliet Akano]], [[Mulikat Adeola Akande]], [[Abike Dabiri]], [[Nkeiruka Onyejeocha]], [[Nnena Elendu Ukeje]], [[Olajumoke Okoya-Thomas]], [[Beni Lar]], [[Khadija Abba Ibrahim]], [[Elizabeth Ogbaga]] àti [[Peace Uzoamaka Nnaji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Women who will shape Seventh National Assembly|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/06/women-who-will-shape-seventh-national-assembly/|date=2011-06-06|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|access-date=2020-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Ní ọdún 2015, wọ́n yàn án sí [[Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Àgbà Orílẹ̀ Èdè Nàìjíríà]]. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn obìnrin mẹ́fà tí wọ́n yàn sí ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin orílẹ̀-èdè kẹjọ . Àwọn obìnrin yòókù ni [[Rose Okoji Oko]], [[Stella Oduah]], [[Fatimat Raji-Rasaki]], [[Oluremi Tinubu]] àti [[Binta Masi Garba|Binta Garba]].&lt;ref name=sixof100&gt;[https://www.naij.com/448960-the-6-female-senators-in-8th-national-assembly-photos.html The 6 female senators in 8th National Assembly], Naij.com, Retrieved 2016-02-15.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekwunife ti jáwé olúborí ìdìbò ọdún 2015 lẹ́yìn tí ó yípadà sí ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú mìíràn. Nítorí èyí, wọ́n tako ìdìbò rẹ̀ ní ilé ìgbìmọ̀ ìdìbò, ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2015, ilé ẹjọ́ kéde pé ipò rẹ̀ ṣófo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Ekwunife loses seat to Obiora|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ekwunife-loses-seat-obiora/|access-date=2024-07-06|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ekwunife kò lè gba àtìlẹ́yìn ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú àtijọ́ ( All Progressives Grand Alliance ) fún ìdìbò kejì, nítorí náà, wọ́n yan Victor Umeh gẹ́gẹ́ bí Sẹ́nétọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-east/197129-apc-panel-disqualifies-fair-weather-ekwunife-from-contesting-senate-rerun-on-partys-platform.html|title=APC panel disqualifies &quot;fair-weather&quot; Ekwunife from contesting Senate rerun on party's platform|last=Owete|first=Festus|work=[[Premium Times]]|date=2016-01-21|access-date=2016-02-15|archivedate=2016-02-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201064814/http://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-east/197129-apc-panel-disqualifies-fair-weather-ekwunife-from-contesting-senate-rerun-on-partys-platform.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Ó jáwé olúborí nínú ìdìbò sílé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra ní ọdún 2019 lábẹ́ ìdìbò ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú People's Democratic Party tí ó ń ṣojú fún agbègbè ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin àárín gbùngbùn Anambra, Nàìjíríà. ó ṣẹ́gun alátakò rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2015, [[Victor Umeh]], tí ó fẹ́ gba ipò aṣíwájú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Eleke|first1=David-Chyddy|title=Finally, INEC Declares Ekwunife winner of Anambra central senatorial Election|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/02/28/finally-inec-declares-ekwunife-winner-of-anambra-central-senatorial-election/|work=[[This Day]]|date=2019-02-28|access-date=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ekwunife-wins-anambra-central-senatorial-seat/|title=Ekwunife wins Anambra Central Senatorial seat|work=The Nation|date=2015-05-30|access-date=2024-08-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìparí ọdún 2025, ó jẹ́ Igbákejì Olùdíje Gómìnà ti All Progressives Congress ní Ìdìbò Gómìnà Anambra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://von.gov.ng/anambra-community-endorses-apc-deputy-governorship-candidate-senator-ekwunife/ |title= Anambra Community Endorses APC Deputy Governorship Candidate Senator Ekwunife |author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date= June 15, 2025 |website= Voice of Nigeria |publisher= |access-date= September 22, 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ṣùgbọ́n, àwọn ìbéèrè ti dìde nípa àwọn ìwé ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ fún ipò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.thecable.ng/uche-ekwunifes-questionable-doctorate-could-lead-to-the-disqualification-of-nicholas-ukachukwu/ |title= Uche Ekwunife’s questionable doctorate could lead to the disqualification of Nicholas Ukachukwu |last= Nwankwo |first= Ebuka |date= September 13, 2025 |website= The Cable |publisher= |access-date= September 22, 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://grassrootreporters.ng/2025/09/14/certificate-saga-escalates-as-senator-uche-ekwunife-fires-back-at-governor-soludo/  |title= Certificate Saga Escalates as Senator Uche Ekwunife Fires Back at Governor Soludo |author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date= 14 September 2025|website= Grass Root Reporters |publisher= |access-date= September 22, 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Gómìnà tí ó wà nípò yìí, [[Charles Soludo]], ló borí ìdìbò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.westafricanpilotnews.com/2025/11/12/ekwunife-congratulates-soludo-thanks-supporters-after-anambra-governorship-election/ |title= Ekwunife Congratulates Soludo, Thanks Supporters After Anambra Governorship Election |last= Onwuka |first= Ezinwanne |date= November 12, 2025 |website= West African Pilot News |publisher= |access-date=  November 13, 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/11/anambra-election-apc-deputy-candidate-ekwunife-congratulates-soludo/  |title= Anambra election: APC deputy candidate, Ekwunife congratulates Soludo |last= Ujumadu |first= Vincent |date= November 10, 2025 |website= Vanguard NGR |publisher= |access-date=  November 13, 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwon Ìtókasí ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nigerian Bar Association</title>
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      <text bytes="2674" sha1="mpqt8pv5ey4s24ovsgbx7krmq2cge5z" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Law Organization}}
{{Infobox organization
| name                = Nigerian Bar Association
| image               =
| size                = 
| alt                 = &lt;!-- alt text; see [[WP:ALT]] --&gt;
| caption             = Nigerian Bar Association
| motto               = Promoting the Rule of Law
| lifetime            = 1933-2K14
| extinction          = &lt;!-- date of extinction, optional --&gt;
| type                = Professional Association
| status              = &lt;!-- ad hoc, treaty, foundation, etc --&gt;
| purpose             = Promote legal professionalism
| headquarters        = 
| location            = Abuja
| coords              = &lt;!-- Coordinates of location using a coordinates template --&gt;
| region_served       = 
| membership          = 
| language            = English
| sec_gen             = 
| leader_title        = President
| leader_name         = [[Olumide Akpata]]
| leader_title2       = General Secretary
| leader_name2        = [[Joyce Oduah]]
| website             = {{url|http://www.nigerianbar.org.ng}}
}}
Ẹgbẹ́ '''Nigerian Bar Association''' ('''NBA''') jẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ àwọn adajọ́ tí wọ́n ní ìwé-àṣẹ lọ́rílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Ó jẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n máa ń jà fún ẹ̀tọ́ ọmọ ènìyàn, ẹ̀tọ́ ìlànà òfin àti Ìjọba tó dára lórílẹ̀-èdè [[Nigeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian Bar Association |url=https://namati.org/network/organization/nigerian-bar-association/ |access-date=2022-05-26 |website=Namati |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Olumide Akpata ni Ààrẹ ẹgbẹ́ náà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;self&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=August 2, 2020|title=Akpata, an Underdog, is New NBA President|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/08/02/akpata-an-underdog-is-new-nba-president/|access-date=August 9, 2020|website=This Day|publisher=This Day Newspaper}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the current General Secretary is Joyce Oduah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=ahuchaoguizu|date=2020-08-08|title=NBA General Secretary Elect Joyce Oduah(FICMC), Visits NBA First Female General Secretary|url=https://truetellsnigeria.com/2020/08/08/nba-general-secretary-elect-joyce-oduahficmc-visits-nba-first-female-general-secretary/|access-date=2020-09-02|website=Nigeria News Today {{!}} True Tells Nigeria|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115001711/https://truetellsnigeria.com/2020/08/08/nba-general-secretary-elect-joyce-oduahficmc-visits-nba-first-female-general-secretary/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Outboard motors</title>
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      <text bytes="2855" sha1="ffxaa4hq6d8mtacm2ho3pno8mvfc1v1" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Yamaha Outboard motor F115 bet.JPG|thumb|Outboard motors ọkọ̀ Yamaha Motor]]
==== Ohun ti o wa outboard Motors? ====
Awọn mọto ti ita jẹ iru eto imudara ti a lo lati fi agbara fun awọn ọkọ oju omi. Wọn ti wa ni igbagbogbo gbe sori gbigbe, tabi sẹhin, ti ọkọ oju omi ati lo ẹrọ ijona inu lati tan ategun kan. Awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti ita gbangba wa ni ọpọlọpọ awọn titobi ati awọn agbara agbara, ti o wa lati awọn ẹrọ-ọpọlọ 2-ọpọlọ kekere si awọn ẹrọ 4-stroke nla ti o lagbara lati ṣe agbara awọn ọkọ oju omi nla.

==== Anfani ti [https://outboaredengines.com/ outboard Motors] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223144146/https://outboaredengines.com/ |date=2023-02-23 }} ====
Awọn mọto ti ita n funni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn anfani lori awọn oriṣi miiran ti awọn ọna ṣiṣe itunnu. Wọn jẹ iwuwo fẹẹrẹ ati rọrun lati fi sori ẹrọ, ṣiṣe wọn jẹ apẹrẹ fun awọn ọkọ oju-omi kekere tabi awọn ti o nilo isọdọtun loorekoore. Awọn ita gbangba tun pese afọwọṣe ti o dara ju awọn ẹrọ inu inu lọ, gbigba fun iṣakoso kongẹ diẹ sii nigbati o ba nlọ kiri awọn aaye to muna tabi awọn omi aijinile. Ni afikun, awọn ita gbangba ko gbowolori ni gbogbogbo ju awọn ẹrọ inu inu ati nilo itọju diẹ.

==== Alailanfani ti outboard Motors ====
Pelu awọn anfani wọn, awọn mọto ti ita le jẹ alariwo ati gbe awọn eefin eefin ti o le ṣe ipalara si ayika. Ni afikun, wọn le nira lati bẹrẹ ni oju ojo tutu ati nilo itọju deede gẹgẹbi awọn iyipada epo ati awọn iyipada sipaki. Nikẹhin, awọn ita gbangba le ma pese agbara to fun awọn ọkọ oju omi nla tabi awọn ti o nilo awọn iyara to ga julọ.

==== Ipari ====
Iwoye, awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ita gbangba nfunni ni ọna ti ifarada ati igbẹkẹle lati fi agbara awọn ọkọ oju omi kekere lakoko ti o n pese agbara ti o dara ati irọrun fifi sori ẹrọ.

[https://outboaredengines.com/product/yamaha-f350/ Awọn enjini ti ita] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223144145/https://outboaredengines.com/product/yamaha-f350/ |date=2023-02-23 }} ni a lo nigbagbogbo lati fi agbara awọn ọkọ oju omi, lakoko ti awọn [https://bestautomobileparts.com/ ẹrọ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223144145/https://bestautomobileparts.com/ |date=2023-02-23 }} ni a lo lati fi agbara awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ. Àwọn ẹ́ńjìnnì ìta gbangba sábà máa ń kéré, wọ́n sì fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ ju ẹ̀rọ ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́, wọ́n sì ń lo irú epo bẹ́ẹ̀. Awọn enjini ti ita ni igbagbogbo lo petirolu tabi Diesel, lakoko ti awọn ẹrọ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ lo igbagbogbo petirolu tabi epo diesel.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Saint George SC</title>
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      <text bytes="2049" sha1="p3kjjp7mnukw7ro2vrmrkttgqcorg5j" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football club
| clubname = Saint George S.C.
| image =[[File:Addis Ababa Stadium.jpg|250px|thumb|Adis Ababa Stadium]]
| fullname = Saint George Sports Club
| nickname = ፈረሰኞቹ (The Horsemen)&lt;br&gt;አርበኛው (The Patriot)&lt;br&gt;አራዶቹ (The Aradas)&lt;br&gt;ሳንጃው (The Bayonet)
| ground = [[Addis Ababa Stadium]]
| capacity = 35,000
| chairman = Ato Abinet Gebremeskel
| manager = [[Zerihun Shengeta]]
| league = [[Ethiopian Premier League]]
| season = 2025-26
| position = 6th

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| founded = 1935 (1928 [[Ethiopian calendar|E.C.]])
| website = http://www.saintgeorgefc.com/
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'''Saint George Sports Club''' ([[Èdè Àmháríkì|Amharic]] : ቅዱስ ጊዮርጊስ ስፖርት ክለብ, '''''Kidus Giorgis Sport Club''''')''''',''''' ti inagijẹ rẹ ń jẹ '''Kidus Giorgis''', jẹ ogbontarjgi ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu [[Boolu-afesegba|afẹsẹgba]] kan ti a da silẹ ni [[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopia. Ẹgbẹ yí ń gba bọọlu  ni ipele oke ti bọọlu afẹsẹgba ajumọṣe tí Itiopia (Premier League Ethiopia) . Ti a da ni ọdun 1935, ẹgbẹ naa jẹ akọkọ ni Itiopia ati pe o ti fi idi mulẹ gẹgẹbi aami àtakò ti orilẹ-ede Etiopia tí ó lodi si awọn agbara gbigba tí Fási Ítálì (fascist Italy) .&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.waltainfo.com/index.php/news/detail/28117|title=St. George’s Sport Academy to be inaugurated|last=Aynshet|first=Solomon|date=March 11, 2017|work=waltainfo}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
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      <text bytes="1180" sha1="ifu6l66iujvc97ksczrojm3guwwacfr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist|name=Pepenazi|image=Pepenazi.jpg|native_name=|native_name_lang=|birth_name=Opeyemi Gbenga Kayode|alias=PepeIllegal|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1988|04|16}}|origin=Odigbo, Ondo State|death_date=&lt;!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date 1st) --&gt;|death_place=|genre=[[Hip hop music|Hip hop]], [[AfroPop]], [[dance hall]]|occupation=[[Rapper]], [[songwriter]]|instrument=|years_active=2012 – present|label=Ecleftic Entertainment|associated_acts=[[Olamide]], [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], [[Skales]], [[DJ Xclusive]], [[Reminisce (musician)|Reminisce]], [[Falz]]|website=www.pepenazi.com}}'''Opeyemi Gbenga Kayode''' (tíwọ́n bí ní 16 April 1988), tí oru,́kọ ìnagijẹ rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ '''Pepenazi''', jẹ́ olórin tàkásúfẹ̀é ti orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Kusaa|title=Listen to Afropop music by PEPENAZI at kusaa.com|url=http://www.kusaa.com/Music/Artist/PEPENAZI|access-date=2022-10-25|website=Kusaa|archive-date=2022-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025000732/http://www.kusaa.com/Music/Artist/PEPENAZI|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
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      <text bytes="2557" sha1="41grrz8umm13nobrft8k8uc11lrb0d2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Lillian Echelon Mbadiwe|image=|birth_date=|birth_name=|birth_place=|citizenship={{flag|Nigeria|Nigerian}}|occupation=[[Film actress]], model, Producer, Business Woman|children=}}'''Lillian Echelon Mbadiwe''' jẹ́ òṣèrébìnrin, àti oníṣòwò tó gbajúgbajà nínú iṣẹ́ fíìmù ṣíṣé látàri fíìmù rẹ̀, tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Black rose.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Online|first=Tribune|date=2020-08-26|title=Success in Nollywood is not easy —Lilian Echelon Mbadiwe|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/success-in-nollywood-is-not-easy-lilian-echelon-mbadiwe/|access-date=2022-08-03|website=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àtòjọ àwọn fíìmù rẹ̀ ==

* Break The Silence
* Breaking Chain
* [[Black Rose (2018 film)|Black Rose]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-09-01|title=AMVCA 2018 : Adekola Odunlade, Omotola Ekeinde win best actor, actress|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/adekola-odunlade-omotola-ekeinde-win-best-actor-actress-at-amvca-2018/|access-date=2022-08-03|website=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Lily’s New Friend
* Living Nightmares
* Seminarian In Love
* Laurie
* Love Unusual
* The Debt
* Flipside
* Yahoo+&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nwogu|first=Precious 'Mamazeus'|date=2022-06-22|title=Yahoo+ confirmed for July theatrical debut|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/yahoo-confirmed-for-july-theatrical-debut/0xmvw0x|access-date=2022-08-03|website=Pulse Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti yíyàn fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ==
Wọ́n yàn án fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù lọ ní AMVCA, ti ọdún 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Golden Discovery Actor ní Gold Movie Award&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ayamga|first=Emmanuel|date=2018-06-04|title=Dumelo, McBrown and the full list of winners at 2018 Golden Movie Awards|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/2018-gmaa-dumelo-mcbrown-and-the-full-list-of-winners-at-2018-golden-movie-awards/44z48fv|access-date=2022-08-03|website=Pulse Ghana|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Golden Actress fún dírámà ní Gold Movie Award Africa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Winners at the Golden Movie Awards Africa 2018 – Glitz Africa Magazine|url=https://www.glitzafrica.com/winners-at-the-golden-movie-awards-africa-2018/|access-date=2022-08-03|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722193936/https://www.glitzafrica.com/winners-at-the-golden-movie-awards-africa-2018/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Maurice Iwu</title>
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{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu
| image               = 
| office1             = 3rd Chairman of the [[INEC Nigeria|Independent National Electoral Commission]]
| term_start1         = June 2005
| term_end1           = 28 April 2010
| predecessor1        = [[Abel Guobadia]]
| successor1          = [[Attahiru Jega]]
| birth_date          = {{Birth date and age|1950|4|21|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Umukabia]], [[Ehime Mbano]], [[Imo State]], [[Nigeria]]
| death_date          = 
| party               = 
| Educational background = 
| nationality         = [[Nigerian]]
| occupation          = Pharmacist
| awards              = US National Research International Prize for Ethnobiology (1999)
}}
'''Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu''' (wọ́n bí lọ́jọ́ 21 oṣù April ọdún 1950) jẹ́ ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n ìmọ̀ ògùn ìwòsàn [pharmacognosy]] ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nigeria]]. Òun ni alága [[Àjọ elétò ìdìbò lorílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà|àjọ ètò ìdìbò ní Nigeria]], [[INEC Nigeria|Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC) láti oṣù June ọdún 2005 sí oṣù April ọdún 2010.&lt;ref name=inec&gt;{{cite web|url=http://inecnigeria.org/index.php?cateid=9&amp;contid=2|title=The Chairman|publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission|access-date=2010-02-13|archive-date=2010-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725053959/http://www.inecnigeria.org/index.php?cateid=9&amp;contid=2|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Olatise Olalekan</title>
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      <text bytes="7000" sha1="d22ihqm5oswo76bmyhtln85442rtqu5" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Drolatise.jpg|thumb|Olatise Olalekan]]
{{Infobox person
| name          = Olatise Olalekan
| image         = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = {{Birth date and age|1971|07|26}}
| birth_place   = 
| nationality   = 
| other_names   = 
| occupation    = 
| years_active  = 2000 - lọwọlọwọ
| known_for     = 
| notable_works = 
| spouse             =  Dr Thelma Olatise&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2023-09-25 |title=A Paradigm-Shifting Comeback: DJ Jimmy Jatt commends healthcare in Nigeria |url=https://guardian.ng/news/a-paradigm-shifting-comeback-dj-jimmy-jatt-commends-healthcare-in-nigeria/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| children           =  3
}}


'''Dókítà Olatise Olalekan'''  jẹ́ oníṣègùn àti onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì láti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà[&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=International Group Honours Nigerian Nephrologist – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/09/21/international-group-honours-nigerian-nephrologist/|access-date=2024-05-24|website=www.thisdaylive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2023-09-18|title=Medical experts invite Nigerian doctor to speak on kidney transplants in Oman|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/09/18/medical-experts-invite-nigerian-doctor-to-speak-on-kidney-transplants-in-oman/|access-date=2024-05-24|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dr. Olatise Olalekan Olayinka: A Visionary Nephrologist and Scholar Enriching Venite University – Venite University|url=https://veniteuniversity.edu.ng/2023/09/21/dr-olatise-olalekan-olayinka-a-visionary-nephrologist-and-scholar-enriching-venite-university/|access-date=2024-05-24|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2023-08-12|title=Reps Leadership to partner TAN in tackling Organ Transplant Prevailence|url=https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/reps-leadership-to-partner-tan-in-tackling-organ-transplant-prevailence/|access-date=2024-05-24|website=Emporium Reporters|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O jẹ oludasile ti Zenith Medical ati Kidney Centre ni Abuja, Nigeria&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-03-01|title='Doctors should broaden their horizons beyond specialisation'|url=https://punchng.com/doctors-should-broaden-their-horizons-beyond-specialisation/|access-date=2024-06-10|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-08-12|title=Kalu Decries Rising Cases of Organ Failure – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/kalu-decries-rising-cases-of-organ-failure-2/|access-date=2024-05-24|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|date=2022-08-02|title=Respite for hearing loss patients as Nigerian doctors commence cochlear implant surgeries in Abuja|url=http://www.nationalaccordnewspaper.com/respite-for-hearing-loss-patients-as-nigerian-doctors-commence-cochlear-implant-surgeries-in-abuja/|access-date=2024-05-24|website=National Accord Newspaper|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-08-22|title=Experts Want FG To Strengthen Laws On Organ Donation, Transplantation|url=https://www.nextedition.com.ng/experts-want-fg-to-strengthen-laws-on-organ-donation-transplantation|access-date=2024-05-24|website=The Next Edition|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Expert advocates use of vascular access for kidney transplant|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/expert-advocates-use-of-vascular-access-for-kidney-transplant/|website=The Nation}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-08-22|title=Experts Want FG To Strengthen Laws On Organ Donation, Transplantation - News Agency Of Nigeria|url=https://nannews.ng/2023/08/22/experts-want-fg-to-strengthen-laws-on-organ-donation-transplantation/|access-date=2024-05-24|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525092800/https://nannews.ng/2023/08/22/experts-want-fg-to-strengthen-laws-on-organ-donation-transplantation/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Igbesi aye ibẹrẹ ati ẹkọ ==
Ojo kerindinlogbon osu keje odun 1971 ni won bi Dokita Olatise Olalekan ni ilu Eko ni Naijiria. O lepa Apon ti Oogun ati Apon ti Iṣẹ abẹ (MBBS) lati Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Jos ni Oṣu kejila ọdun 1998&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-11-27|title=Olalekan Oladimeji|url=https://www.impactafricasummit.org/ias-pharma-2022-speakers/olalekan-oladimeji/|access-date=2024-05-24|website=Impact Africa Summit|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Iṣẹ ==
O bẹrẹ iṣẹ rẹ ni Ile-iwosan ologun ni Yaba, Lagos ni ọdun 2000&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2023-09-20|title=Olatise Olayinka: A Visionary Nephrologist, Scholar Enriching Venite University - New Telegraph|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/olatise-olayinka-a-visionary-nephrologist-scholar-enriching-venite-university/,%20https://newtelegraphng.com/olatise-olayinka-a-visionary-nephrologist-scholar-enriching-venite-university/|access-date=2024-05-24|website=newtelegraphng.com|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;. O darapọ mọ Ile-iwosan Olukọni ti Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Jos gẹgẹbi Onisegun olugbe ni 2003. Lọwọlọwọ, o n ṣiṣẹ bi Onimọran Nephrologist ati Onisegun ni n Zenith Medical and Kidney Centre ni Abuja&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2023-08-13|title=700 kidney transplants done in Nigeria|url=https://authorityngr.com/2023/08/13/700-kidney-transplants-done-in-nigeria/|access-date=2024-05-24|website=THE AUTHORITY NEWS|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525092800/https://authorityngr.com/2023/08/13/700-kidney-transplants-done-in-nigeria/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2024-03-04|title=NBA, Zenith, NOUN, Others Play Charity Cup To Fight Kidney Disease|url=https://leadership.ng/nba-zenith-noun-others-play-charity-cup-to-fight-kidney-disease/|access-date=2024-05-24|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=FG seeks private sector partnership to stop medical tourism|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/11/fg-seeks-private-sector-partnership-to-stop-medical-tourism/|access-date=June 10, 2024|website=www.vanguardngr.com/}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Lakoko iṣẹ rẹ, o ni awọn ẹbun pupọ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2021 Awards {{!}} Nigeria Hypertension Summit|url=https://hypertensionsummit.org/2021-awards|access-date=2024-05-24|website=hypertensionsummit.org|archive-date=2024-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525092800/https://hypertensionsummit.org/2021-awards|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2021 Awards {{!}} Nigerian Diabetes Summit|url=https://diabetessummit.org/2021-awards|access-date=2024-05-24|website=diabetessummit.org|archive-date=2024-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525092800/https://diabetessummit.org/2021-awards|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Àwọn Ìwé Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1971]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Unyime Idem</title>
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{{Infobox officeholder|name=Unyime Idem|office=Hon Member of [[House of Representatives (Nigeria)|House of Representatives]] from [[Akwa Ibom State]]|image=Hon Unyime Idem at an event in 2023.jpg|constituency=Oruk Anam / Ukanafun Federal Constituency|election_date=23 February 2019|party_election=4 October 2019|predecessor=Emmanuel Ukoette|termstart=11 June 2019|party=[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]], PDP|nationality=[[Nigerian]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1975|01|14}}|education=B.Sc. business management, M.Sc. business administration|birth_place=Usung Atiat, Ukanafun LGA, [[Akwa Ibom State]]|spouse=|nickname=Idem Ultimates|alma_mater=[[University of Uyo]]|occupation=Businessman, politician|website=Personal Website [https://unyimeidem.com/] Official Website [https://www.nassnig.org/]|committees=House Committee on Communications|assembly=[[National Assembly]], [[Federal Republic of Nigeria]]|office1=Chairman [[House Committee on Public Procurement]]|termstart1=2023}}

'''Unyime Josiah Idem''' ( listen ⓘ ) (ojoibi 14 January 1975) je ọkùnrin olóṣèlú, oníṣòwò, onínúrere ti o nsójú agbègbè [[Agbègbè Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ Oruk-Anam|Oruk Anam]] / [[Agbègbè Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ Ukanafun|Ukanafun]] ni Ile  ìgbìmò Asofin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://www.nassnig.org/mps/single/226 |access-date=2024-12-31 |archive-date=2019-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010124559/https://www.nassnig.org/mps/single/226 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://unyimeidem.com/ |access-date=2024-12-31 |archive-date=2019-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010124557/https://unyimeidem.com/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni akọkọ ti a yan si Ile-igbimọ ni Apejọ kẹsàn-án, o ṣiṣẹ lọwọlọwọ bi Ìgbìmò Alága l'ori rira Ilu ni Apejọ 10th . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news}}https://thenationonlineng.net/group-urges-lawmaker-to-mentor-future-leaders/&lt;/ref&gt; Ni Oṣu Kẹsan ọdun 2024, Idem ti ṣe onigbọwọ ati oludasile àbá òfin méjìlélógún ati àwọn abá òfin àtúnṣe ati awọn išipopada méjìdínlógún ti “pataki orílè-èdè ni kiakia”. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://orderpaper.ng/2023/06/01/orderpaper-rewards-18-nass-members-for-valuable-contributions-in-lawmaking/#:~:text=The%20Kaduna%20Governor-Elect,%20Senator%20Sani,%20also%20emerged%20as,promises%20of%20the%20All%20Progressives%20Congress-led%20Federal%20Government. |access-date=2024-12-31 |archive-date=2024-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240720172939/https://orderpaper.ng/2023/06/01/orderpaper-rewards-18-nass-members-for-valuable-contributions-in-lawmaking/#:~:text=The%20Kaduna%20Governor-Elect,%20Senator%20Sani,%20also%20emerged%20as,promises%20of%20the%20All%20Progressives%20Congress-led%20Federal%20Government. |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Oun ni oludasile Idems Ultimate Limited- Olùpèsè iṣẹ ibaraẹnisọrọ kan, ati Stanford Microfinance Bank Limited &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://stanfordmfb.com.ng/ |access-date=2024-12-31 |archive-date=2024-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225000539/https://stanfordmfb.com.ng/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20190302225651/http://idemsultimate.com.ng/&lt;/ref&gt; pẹlu awọn ìpín ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ile-iṣẹ mìíran ni eka iṣẹ-ogbin, ohun-ini gidi, ikole pẹlu awọn oṣiṣẹ to ju ẹdẹgbẹta lọ. &lt;ref&gt;https://guardian.ng/appointments/idem-pride-to-national-assembly-says-wase/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Hon_Unyime_Idem_with_raised_hand_in_the_main_chamber_of_the_Federal_House_of_Representatives.jpg|thumb|300x300px| Hon Unyime Idem ni iyẹwu akọkọ ti Ile Awọn Aṣoju igbega ọwọ lati ṣe alabapin si awọn ariyanjiyan lori ilẹ]]

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1975]]</text>
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    <title>The Apapa Amusement Park</title>
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      <text bytes="6213" sha1="75afp4o582vz86on3fywtbvxyghrmn3" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Theme park in Lagos, Nigeria}}
{{Infobox amusement park
| name            = Pápá ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ ti Àpápá
| image          = ÀBÁWỌLÉ PÁPÁ ÌSINMI-GBAFẸ́ ÀPÁPÁ.jpg
| caption        = Ẹnu ọ̀nà àbáwọlé
| location       = Apapa, Èkó, orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà
| coordinates    = 
| owner          = 
| operator      = 
| opening_date   = 
| closing_date   = 
| previous_names = 
| status         = Sì ń ṣiṣẹ́
| area           = 
| rides          = 
| coasters       = 
| water_rides    = 
| slogan         = 
| website        = 
}}
'''Pápá Ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ ti agbègbè Àpápá''' jẹ́ ibi ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ èyí tí ó kalẹ̀ sí agbègbè Àpápá ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀]] [[Èkó]], orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url =http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/02/the-re-birth-of-apapa-amusement-park/|publisher =The Vanguard|author=Jimoh Babatunde|title=The re-birth of Apapa Amusement Park|date=February 14, 2016|accessdate =June 18, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/apapa-amusement-park-opens/|title=Apapa Amusement Park opens|publisher =The Nation |date=February 6, 2016|accessdate =June 18, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Wọ́n kọ́ pápá yìí ní ọdún [[2008]] sí orí ilẹ̀ tí ó tó éékà méje ó lé méje (7.7 acres). Wọ́n ti pápá yìí pa fún bí i ọdún mẹ́ta látàrí àwọn ohun tí ó ní ohun ṣe pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àyíká àti ètò àbò, kí ó tó di wí pé wọ́n padà sí i padà lẹ́yìn ọdún kẹta,&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lagos demolishes Apapa Amusement Park |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2012/03/19/lagos-demolishes-apapa-amusement-park/ |access-date=2022-09-11 |website=Channels Television}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n parí àtúnkọ́ pápá yìí ní ọdún [[2015]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| author= Ikechukwu Onyewuchi  |  date=October 25, 2015 |url=http://m.guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/apapa-sad-tales-of-a-lost-paradise/|title=Apapa: Sad Tales Of A Lost Paradise|accessdate =June 18, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://nannewsnigeria.com/hundreds-revelers-besiege-apapa-amusement-park-it-reopens|title=Hundreds of revelers besiege Apapa Amusement Park as it reopens|publisher=News Agency of Nigeria|accessdate=June 18, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629134644/http://nannewsnigeria.com/hundreds-revelers-besiege-apapa-amusement-park-it-reopens|archive-date=June 29, 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Èyí jẹ́ ṣíṣe pẹ̀lú àjọṣepọ̀ ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ [[Èkó]] àti ilé-iṣẹ́ aládàáni kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Crystal Cubes Construction Company, èyí tí alàgbà Rabih Jaafar jẹ́ adarí fún.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-02-06 |title=Apapa Amusement Park opens The Nation Newspaper |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/apapa-amusement-park-opens/ |access-date=2022-09-11 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Pápá ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ ti agbègbè Àpápá yìí bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ní ọdún [[1976]] ní abẹ́ pápá Lunar ti ìpínlẹ̀ [[Èkó]], èyí tí ó jẹ́ àjùmọ̀ni láàárín ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ [[Èkó]] àti àwọn ìgbìmọ̀ erékùsù ìpínlẹ̀ [[Èkó]], ìgbìmọ̀ ààrin gbùngbùn ìpínlẹ̀ [[Èkó]], pẹ̀lú Improjex, ilé-iṣẹ́ kan tí ó fi ìdí kalẹ̀ sí [[Switzerland]], èyí tí ó ń rí sí mímójútó àti dídarí pápá yìí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=travelwaka |date=2019-05-27 |title=Apapa Amusement park – Perfect Family Getaway Park |url=https://www.travelwaka.com/apapa-amusement-park-perfect-family-getaway-park/ |access-date=2022-09-11 |website=TravelWaka |language=en-GB |archive-date=2022-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911151810/https://www.travelwaka.com/apapa-amusement-park-perfect-family-getaway-park/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí ni àkójọpọ̀ àwọn eré ìdárayá tí wọ́n máa ń ṣe ní pápá ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ yìí. {{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Àtúnṣe pápá ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ ti agbègbè Àpápá yìí jẹ́ èyí tí ó kún fún onírúurú àwọn ohun àṣà àtinúdá tí ó ya ni lẹ́nu,àwọn olùsàbẹ̀wò sí ibi pápá yìí jẹ́rìí sí i pé pápá yìí a máa dà bí ìgbà tí ènìyàn bá wà ní ilẹ̀ òkèèrè nígbà tí ènìyàn bá kọ́kọ́ fi ojú gán-án-ní rẹ̀. Pápá yìí bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ní pẹrẹwu lẹ́yìn tí ìjọba [[Gómìnà]] àná ni ìpínlẹ̀ [[Èkó]], Gómìnà Babatunde Raji Fashola dà á wó ní ọdún 2013, láti lè fi jẹ́ kí ètò afẹ́ ó gbèrú sí i ní ìpínlẹ̀ [[Èkó]]. Pápá yiii kún fún àwọn ohun èlò onírúurú láti fi tẹ́ àwọn olùgbafẹ́ lọ́rùn nígbàkúùgbà tí wọ́n bá lọ gbafẹ́. Ọ̀fẹ́ ni ìwọlé sí ibi ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ yìí.

== Agbègbè àti Àyíká ==
Ní ọdún 2012, wọ́n da pápá ìsinmi-gbafẹ́ yìí wó pẹ̀lú àwọn ibi ìtaja tí ó ń bẹ ní àyíká rẹ̀. Èyí kò sàì rí bẹ́ẹ̀ bí kò ṣe nítorí àwọn ohun tí ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ètò àyíká àti láti tún bọ́ jẹ́ kí àyíká náà ó dùn ún wò lójú. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Èyí fún wọn ní àǹfààní láti lè tún pápá yìí kọ́, tí wọ́n sì ní àǹfààní láti lè yọ́ àwọn ibi mìíràn láti lè ní àǹfààní sí onírúurú afẹ́ àti sí ìrọ̀rùn. Ní ọdún 2016, wọ́n tún pápá yìí sí lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ṣe àtúnṣe gbogbo tán.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tayo |date=2016-02-02 |title=Apapa Amusement Park returns with a bang! |url=https://infotrustng.com/7548-2/ |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=Infotrust News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Cite web|url=http://mitl.ng/apapa-amusement-park/|website=Millenium Investment Trust|title=Apapa Amusement Park|access-date=2025-02-22|archive-date=2019-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903144811/http://mitl.ng/apapa-amusement-park/|dead-url=yes}}

{{Coord|6.443771450152447|3.366500390553664|display=inline,title}}

[[Category:Amusement parks in Lagos]]


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    <title>Odi ti Saint Elizabeth</title>
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      <text bytes="6362" sha1="mpoh4jpmuscku67gvaqqhbvh8fj4fuq" xml:space="preserve">'''Odi ti Saint Elisabeth''' (Èdè Yukirénu: '''Фортеця Святої Єлисавети''') - odi kan ni apẹrẹ ti irawọ oni-toka mẹfa ni ilu Kropyvnytskyi. Ko si ju 10 iru awọn ile-iṣọ ti o fi silẹ ni gbogbo Yuroopu, ati pe o tun jẹ ami-ilẹ akọkọ ti aringbungbun [[Yukréìn]].
[[File:Фортеця Святої Єлисавети. Місто Кропивницький.jpg|thumb|Oke wiwo]]
[[File:Пантеон Вічної Слави, 9 травня 2025.jpg|thumb|Pantheon ti Ayérayé Ogo]]
Lẹhin ẹda ti Serbia Tuntun, ileto ologun ti awọn atipo lati gusu Yuroopu ni awọn ilẹ ti Yukréìn, a ṣẹda odi lati daabobo awọn agbegbe wọnyi lati awọn ikọlu nipasẹ Ijọba Ottoman. Ofin naa ti fowo si nipasẹ Ọbabìnrin Elizabeth ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 4, Ọdun 1752. O ti kọ nipasẹ 1,390 Yukréìn Cossacks (Àwọn jagunjagun Yukirénu)&lt;ref&gt;на доповіді Сената «Генваря 4 дня 1752 года подписано Ея императорского Величества рукою тако: быть по сему, а данную генерал майору Глебову инструкцию велено оной крепости учинить наперед план и для рассмотрения прислать в военную коллегию». Центральний державний військово-історичний архів Росії Ф.349, інв.№&amp;nbsp;9, спр.1445, стор.2-4&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://dozor.kr.ua/post/khto-kresliv-pershi-plani-fortetsi-svyatoi-elisaveti-11053.html Хто креслив перші плани фортеці Святої Єлисавети]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Об учреждении Губернского города в Екатеринославском Наместничестве, под названием Екатеринославля, и о составлении сего Наместничества из 15 уездов&lt;/ref&gt;

Nigba ti ogun pẹlu awọn Kalifa Ottoman ti 1768-1774, ni 1769, a 70,000-alagbara ogun rekoja aala ati lori January 7 duro nitosi awọn odi, ibi ti ọpọlọpọ ẹgbẹrun alagbada, mu nipa General Isakov, ti wa ni nọmbafoonu. Àwọn ará Tatar kó àwọn abúlé tó yí wọn ká, wọ́n sì kó àwọn tó ń gbé láwọn abúlé tó yí wọn ká lẹ́rú, àmọ́ àwọn tó ń gbèjà ilé olódi náà lè borí ìkọlù wọn, wọ́n sì lé wọn lọ. Eyi tun jẹ ikọlu ikẹhin ti Àwọn Tatar ti Kirimu lori Yukréìn&lt;ref&gt;[http://librarychl.kr.ua/kn_in/kraeznavcha-abetka/fortecja-sv-elisav.php Фортеця Святої Єлисавети]&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọdun 1784, awọn ohun ija lati odi ni a gbe lọ si Kherson. Ni ọdun 1794, awọn cannons 162 tun wa ni ibi, ti n ṣiṣẹ awọn ọmọ ogun 277. Lẹhin ọrundun 18th, awọn cannons meji nikan ni o ye - wọn ti fi sori ẹrọ lori awọn pedestals okuta ni ẹnu-ọna ẹnu-ọna akọkọ akọkọ&lt;ref&gt;Лицо с незаконченным медицинским образованием и прошедшее несколько лет практической выучки&lt;/ref&gt;. Ni Oṣu Kẹsan ọjọ 17, Ọdun 1842, Ọba Rọ́ṣíà Nicholas I de si odi odi fun itolẹsẹẹsẹ ologun, ni ọdun 1874 - Alexander II, ati ni ọdun 1888 - Alexander III&lt;ref&gt;''Кривенко В.'' Герб і прапор Кіровограда // Знак.&amp;nbsp;— 1998.&amp;nbsp;— №&amp;nbsp;17.&amp;nbsp;— С. 5.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọmọ-binrin ọba Helena ti Serbia ṣabẹwo si odi odi ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 24, ọdun 1917. Lẹhin idọti ilu naa ati ogun pẹlu ogun ti Orilẹ-ede Ara ilu Yukirenia, awọn Komunisiti ṣẹda tubu nibi fun awọn alatako oloselu&lt;ref&gt;[https://resh.news/news/5131/Людина-легенда Юрій Горліс-Горський]&lt;/ref&gt;

Lakoko Holodomor (ìyàn Oríkĕ) ti 1932-1933 ati awọn ipanilaya, awọn oṣiṣẹ ti OGPU ati NKVD (nigbamii Ile-iṣẹ ti Abẹnu ti Ìparapọ̀ Sọ́fíẹ̀tì) ni ikoko sin awọn ti a pa ati jiya nibi, ti nsinkú awọn ara ni awọn ibojì pupọ&lt;ref&gt;[https://persha.kr.ua/article/65196-hronika-golokostu-na-kirovogradshhini/ Хроніка Голокосту на Кіровоградщині]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://gre4ka.info/statti/72730-13-tysiach-vbytykh-istoryky-rozpovily-pro-kilkist-zhertv-holokostu-na-kirovohradshchyni-foto/ 13 тисяч вбитих: історики розповіли про кількість жертв Голокосту на Кіровоградщині (ФОТО)]&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Image:Фортечні вали.jpg|thumb|230px|Eka ni aringbungbun]]
Lakoko iṣẹ ti ilu naa ni 1941–1944, awọn Nazis ta ibọn leralera ẹgbẹẹgbẹrun awọn Ju ati awọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti ẹgbẹ atako nibi. Lẹhin ti ominira, awọn okú lati gbogbo ilu bẹrẹ si sin nibi. Lati ọdun 1950, ọkan ninu awọn ile-iṣẹ iranti ti o tobi julọ ni orilẹ-ede naa ni a ti kọ nibi, ti a ṣe igbẹhin si awọn ti o ku lakoko Ogun Agbaye II, pẹlu awọn iboji 50,000, eyiti pupọ julọ jẹ awọn ara ilu Yukirenia ati awọn Juu.

Ni awọn ọdun 1960, awọn arabara okuta ni a kọ sori awọn iboji, ati ni ibẹrẹ awọn ọdun 1980, awọn ere ti a ṣe ni aarin awọn iboji. Loni, awọn ile-olodi ile memorials igbẹhin si awọn Akikanju ti Ogun Agbaye II ati awọn Russo-Ukrainian Ogun (2014-). Pẹlupẹlu, ni ọdun 2016, iranti kan si awọn olufaragba iyan ti 1932–1933 ni a ṣeto&lt;ref&gt;[https://kroptravel.gov.ua/index.php/node/98 Історичні вали фортеці Св. Єлисавети]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Загальноукраїнський том Національної книги пам'яті жертв Голодомору 1932–1933 років в Україні |url=https://holodomormuseum.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/zvedeniy_tom_nkp.pdf |access-date=2025-06-11 |archive-date=2023-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122175003/https://holodomormuseum.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/zvedeniy_tom_nkp.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://gre4ka.info/statti/90-ti-rokovyny-golodomoru-hroniky-genoczydu-na-kirovogradshhyni/ 90-ті роковини Голодомору: хроніки геноциду на Кіровоградщині]&lt;/ref&gt;.
== References ==</text>
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    <title>Moyo Okediji</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343406105|Moyo Okediji]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox artist|name=Moyo Okediji|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=Moyosore Okediji|birth_date=1956|birth_place=[[Lagos]]|death_date=|death_place=|spouse=|known_for={{Flatlist|
* Painting
* Mixed media
}}|training={{Plainlist|
* [[Obafemi Awolowo University]]
* [[University of Benin (Nigeria)|University of Benin]]
* [[University of Wisconsin]]
}}|movement=[[African art]]|notable_works=|patrons=|awards=|elected=|website=https://www.moyookediji.com}}

{{Infobox artist|image=|imagesize=|website=https://www.moyookediji.com}}

'''Moyo Okediji''' fetisi ⓘ jẹ́ òpìtàn iṣẹ́ ọnà, ayàwòrán àti ayàwòrán tí àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àmì àti àmì pàtàkì ti àwọn apá jíjinlẹ̀ ti àṣà Yorùbá .  Ó jẹ́ ara ẹgbẹ́ Ona, ẹgbẹ́ iṣẹ́ ọnà ní Yunifásítì Obafemi Awolowo .

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Okediji ní Èkó ní ọdún 1956; ìdílé rẹ̀ wá láti ìlú Ọ̀yọ́, ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀yọ́. Bàbá rẹ̀, Oladejo Okediji, kó lọ sí Ilé-Ifẹ̀ nígbà tí Okediji ṣì kéré, ó sì lo púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ọdún ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ ní ìlú àtijọ́ yẹn. Ní ọdún 1977, ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ yíyà àwòrán ní Yunifásítì ti Ifẹ̀; lẹ́yìn náà, ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùrànlọ́wọ́ olùkọ́ (graduate assistant) ní Ẹ̀ka Ẹ̀kọ́ nípa Iṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà àti Èdè (Faculty of Arts) ní yunifásítì náà. Nígbà tó yá, Okediji gba oyè kejì (master's degree) ní Yunifásítì ti Benin, ó sì padà sí Yunifásítì ti Ifẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ni. Nígbà tó wà ní Benin, ó ní ìrírí tó nípa lórí rẹ̀ láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ olùyà-àwòrán kan láti orílẹ̀-èdè Guyana tí a ń pè ní Doris Rodgers; obìnrin yìí máa ń fi àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ tí ó ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ láti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà kún àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. 

== Iṣẹ́ ==
Ní ìparí ọdún 1980 àti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1990, Okediji, pẹ̀lú Kunle Filani àti àwọn mìíràn jẹ́ ara ẹgbẹ́ iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí a ń pè ní Ona, ẹgbẹ́ náà gbìyànjú láti tọ́ka sí àwọn òwe, òwe, àti àwọn èrò ìríran Yorùbá nínú iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà wọn tí a ṣe àtúnṣe sí àwọn ohun tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà òde òní ní ọ̀rúndún ogún.  Ní àsìkò náà, ó tún ṣe àtúnṣe ìwé ìròyìn ìgbà kúkúrú kan tí a pè ní ''Kurio Africana'' . Ẹgbẹ́ náà ṣe ìfihàn àkọ́kọ́ wọn ní oṣù kẹta ọdún 1989 ní Yunifásítì ti Ìbàdàn .

Okedeji tẹ̀síwájú láti gba oyè PhD ní Yunifásítì Wisconsin ní ọdún 1995. Ó jẹ́ Olùtọ́jú Àwọn Ọ̀nà Áfíríkà àti Òkun ní Ilé Àkójọ Àwọn Ọ̀nà ní Denver láti ọdún 2003 sí 2008. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, ó jẹ́ òṣìṣẹ́ ẹ̀kọ́ ní Yunifásítì Texas, Austin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://news.utexas.edu/2011/02/28/okediji_moyo|title=Race, gender and sexuality in African art|access-date=October 11, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìwé ==

* Okediji, Moyo, 2011, Àwọn Ààlà Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn ti Àwọn Ọ̀nà Áfíríkà. Rochester, NY: Yunifásítì Rochester

Tẹ.{{ISBN|9781580463706}} .

* Okediji, Moyo. Ọdún 2003. Ẹ̀gún Àgbàrá: Àwọn Ìrísí Yorùbá ní Ọdún 20 ti Amẹ́ríkà.

Seattle: Yunifásítì Washington Press.{{ISBN|0295981504}} .

* Okediji, Moyo. Ọdún 2002. Ìtúnṣe Àgbáyé ti Áfíríkà: Àwọn Àwòrán Àtijọ́, Àwọn Àwòrán Tuntun ní Àwòrán Yorùbá. Àpáta ńlá:

Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti Colorado.{{ISBN|0870816810}} .

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1956]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>4gstye4wr3sxh2x73ly0od8a32hhkn8</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Unroyal</title>
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      <text bytes="5368" sha1="fraffbk950clvx5sqbc6wyu5f9hle9l" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|2020 Nigerian drama film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Nigerian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Unroyal
| image          = Unroyal poster.jpg
| alt            = 
| caption        = 
| director       = [[Moses Inwang]]
| producer       = Matilda Lambert
| story          = 
| writer         = 
| starring       = Matilda Lambert &lt;br&gt; [[IK Ogbonna]] &lt;br&gt; Prince Sontoye&lt;br&gt; [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] &lt;br&gt; [[Linda Osifo]]
| music          = 
| cinematography = 
| editing        = 
| studio         = 
| distributor    = 
| released       = {{Film date|df=y|2020|03|20}} (Nigeria)
| runtime        = 96 minutes
| country        = Nigeria
| language       = English
| gross          = 
| budget         = 
}}
'''''Unroyal''''', jẹ́ eré onítàn tí wọ́n àgbéjáde ní odún un 2020 ní orílẹ̀ èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] [[Moses Inwang]] ni olùdarí eré náà nígbà tí [[Matilda Lambert]] ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unroyal Movie - Flixanda |url=https://flixanda.com/movie/436/unroyal |access-date=4 October 2021 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn òṣèré akópa nínú eré yìí ni Matilda Lambert [[IK Ogbonna]], àwọn méjì yìí kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nígbà Ọmọba Sontoye, [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] àti [[Linda Osifo]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi àmúgbàlẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unroyal: Netflix |url=https://www.netflix.com/title/81435717 |access-date=4 October 2021 |website=www.netflix.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is the story of Princess Boma, daughter of Okrika Kings, where she treats everyone as though they weren’t humans.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 March 2020 |title=UNROYAL |url=https://genesiscinemas.com/unroyal/ |access-date=4 October 2021 |website=Genesis Cinemas |language=en-US |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120225929/https://genesiscinemas.com/unroyal/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n ṣe àfihàn [[eré]] yìí ní ogúnjọ́ oṣù kẹ́ta, ọdún 2020, wọ́n sì padà sàgbéjáde rẹ̀ sí [[Netflix]] ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dógún oṣù kẹ́jọ ọdún 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=sandeep_ops |title=Unroyal on Netflix |url=https://www.binged.com/streaming-premiere-dates/unroyal/ |access-date=4 October 2021 |website=Binged |language=en-US |archive-date=26 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426022727/https://www.binged.com/streaming-premiere-dates/unroyal/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; The film received mixed reviews from critics.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Movie Review: Unroyal (2020) - NollyRated Nigerian Movie Reviews |url=https://nollyrated.com/unroyal-2020-movie-review/ |access-date=4 October 2021 |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chioma |first=Ella |date=22 March 2020 |title=(Movies Review) Unroyal: The Contemporary Royal Drama you can(t) miss |url=https://www.kemifilani.ng/2020/03/movies-review-unroyal-the-contemporary-royal-drama-you-cant-miss.html |access-date=4 October 2021 |website=Kemi Filani News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Òṣèré Akópa ==
* [[Matilda Lambert]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Princess Boma
* [[Pete Edochie]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi King of Okrika
* [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Queen of Okrika
* [[IK Ogbonna]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Prince Leonard
* Prince Sontoye
* [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Dr. Tobi
* [[Linda Osifo]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Nemi
* [[Emem Inwang]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Matilda
* [[Ime Bishop Umoh]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Kala
* [[Chinenye Nnebe]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Awajinma
* [[Femi Adebayo]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Royal Suitor
*[[Kingsley Abasili]] kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Elder in Council
*Weme Charity Ada kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Maid
*Stephen Farotimi kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bíi Bodyguard


== Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti yíyàn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Ọdún 
!Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ 
!Ìsọ̀rí
!Ẹni tí wọ́n yàn
!Èsì
!Ìtọ́ka 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2020
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |[[Best of Nollywood Awards]]
|eré tó ní ohùn tó dára jù lọ 
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |''Unroyal''
|{{won}}
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2 December 2020|title=2020 BON: Here are 5 nominees for 'Best Kiss' category|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/naija-fashion/429108-2020-bon-here-are-5-nominees-for-best-kiss-category.html|access-date=11 October 2021|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Eré tí wọ́n ti ṣàmúlò ohun èlò tó dára jù lọ 
|{{won}}
|-
|Amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn tó peregedé jù lọ –English
|[[Blossom Chukwujekwu]]/Abayomi Alvin
|{{nom}}
|-
|Eré tí ó ní Special Effect to dára jù lọ 
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |''Unroyal''
|{{nom}}
|-
|Eré tó ní Cinematography tó dára jù lọ 
|{{nom}}
|-
|Ìfẹnukonu tó dára jù nínú eré 
|IK Ogbonna/Matilda Lambert
|{{nom}}
|-
|Eré tí àgbéjáde rẹ̀ dára jù lọ 
|''Unroyal''
|{{nom}}
|}

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:2020 àwọn fílmù]]
[[Category:English-language Nigerian films]]
[[Category:2020 Nigerian films]]
[[Category:2020 drama films]]
[[Category:Nigerian drama films]]
[[Category:2020 English-language films]]
[[Category:English-language drama films]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Paljor Stadium</title>
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      <text bytes="8116" sha1="al05dasfgv74tlr84uix1wuejprwyr7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox venue
| name                = Paljor Stadium
| image               = Paljor Stadium, Gangtok.jpg
| image_size          = 250px
| caption             = View of the stadium
| owner               = [[Sikkim Football Association]]
| broke_ground        = 1939
| opened              = 1943
| expanded            = April 2001– September 2005
| renovated           = 2022
| location            = [[Gangtok]], [[Sikkim]]
| coordinates         = 
| surface             = [[Artificial turf]]
| dimensions          = {{convert|104|x|65|m|yd|abbr=on}}
| architect           = 
| structural_engineer = 
| services_engineer   = 
| main_contractors    = 
| construction_cost   = 
| capacity            = 30,000&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Paljor Stadium|accessdate=18 August 2017|publisher=soccerway|url=https://int.soccerway.com/venues/india/paljor-stadium/v8748/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| tenants             = [[Sikkim Premier Division League|SFA A-Division S-League]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=PREMIER DIVISION S-LEAGUE 2019: KUMAR SPORTING FC 2–2 UNICORN FC AND SIKKIM AAKRAMAN FC 5–0 UNITED SIKKIM FC |url=https://www.goalie365.com/show_details.php?article_id=3113 |access-date=8 July 2020 |work=Goalie365 |date=31 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br/&gt; [[Sikkim Premier League]] &lt;br/&gt; Sikkim B Division &lt;br/&gt; Sikkim C Division &lt;br/&gt; [[Sikkim Gold Cup]] &lt;br/&gt; Independence Cup &lt;br/&gt; [[Sikkim Women's Super League]] &lt;br/&gt; [[Sikkim football team]] &lt;br/&gt; Sikkim women's football team
}}

'''Paljor Stadium''' jẹ́ pápá [[Boolu-afesegba|ìṣeré bọ́ọ̀lù]] kan tí ó wà ní ìlú Gangtok,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Nilesh|last=Bhattacharya|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/bhutia-launches-united-sikkim-club-in-new-avatar/articleshow/7763137.cms?from=mdr|title=Bhaichung Bhutia launches United Sikkim in new avatar|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=8 October 2021|date=23 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121065938/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/bhutia-launches-united-sikkim-club-in-new-avatar/articleshow/7763137.cms?from=mdr|archive-date=21 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://nenow.in/north-east-news/united-sikkim-fc-pull-off-spectacular-win-crucial-sikkim-premier-league-match.html|title=United Sikkim FC pull off spectacular win in crucial Sikkim Premier League match|last=NE NOW NEWS|first=11:14 am|date=19 August 2018|access-date=15 April 2022|website=nenow.in|publisher=North East Now|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220415142201/https://nenow.in/north-east-news/united-sikkim-fc-pull-off-spectacular-win-crucial-sikkim-premier-league-match.html|archive-date=15 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sikkim, India.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=USFC concludes training for Kalinga Cup &amp; 2nd Div I-League|url=http://isikkim.com/2011-12-usfc-concludes-training-for-kalinga-cup-2nd-div-i-league-31-03/|publisher=iSikkim|access-date=16 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120131918/http://isikkim.com/2011-12-usfc-concludes-training-for-kalinga-cup-2nd-div-i-league-31-03/|archive-date=20 January 2012|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Sikkim Aakraman F.C. Sikkim Premier Division League Champions|url=http://sikkimexpress.com/NewsDetails?ContentID=6530&amp;SectionID=2|website=sikkimexpress.com|publisher=The Sikkim Express|date=26 September 2017|access-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927145752/http://sikkimexpress.com/NewsDetails?ContentID=6530&amp;SectionID=2|archive-date=27 September 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.insidesport.in/fpai-awards-2023-bengaluru-fcs-sivasakthi-narayanan-wins-young-player-of-year-mumbai-city-fc-swoop-numerous-awards-check-out/|title=FPAI Awards 2023: Bengaluru FC's Sivasakthi Narayanan wins Young Player of year, Mumbai City FC SWOOP numerous awards – Check Out|date=13 May 2023|access-date=13 May 2023|website=insidesport.in|publisher=Inside Sport India|first=Triyasha|last=Chatterjee|location=Gangtok|archive-date=13 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513162608/https://www.insidesport.in/fpai-awards-2023-bengaluru-fcs-sivasakthi-narayanan-wins-young-player-of-year-mumbai-city-fc-swoop-numerous-awards-check-out/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Goalie365|title=Sikkim Football Association released the fixture for 2018 Sikkim Premier Division League at football house in Gangtok.|url=http://www.goalie365.com/show_details.php?article_id=2315/Sikkim%20Premier%20Division%20League%202018%20fixtures%20announced|publisher=Goalie365|access-date=16 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; O lè gba tó ẹgbẹ̀rún ọgbọn àwọn olùwòran eré ìdárayá. Yàtọ̀ sí pé ó ti gbà àlejò ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù èyítí wọn kópa nínú ìdíje I-League àti I-League 2 tẹ́lẹ̀, pápá ìṣeré náà tún ń tí gbà àwọn ikọ̀ agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí wọ́n kópa nínú oríṣiríṣi ìdíje líìgì àti ìdíje agbègbè.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/india2020.html India 2019/20: Sikkim Governor's Gold Cup]. ''RSSSF''. Retrieved 3 October 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Aritra|last=Chowdhury|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/msc-confident-ahead-of-gold-cup-final-vs-sikkim-himalayan-fc/articleshow/72011202.cms|title=MSC confident ahead of Gold Cup final vs Sikkim Himalayan FC|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 November 2019|access-date=19 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216195452/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/msc-confident-ahead-of-gold-cup-final-vs-sikkim-himalayan-fc/articleshow/72011202.cms|archive-date=16 December 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Paljor_Stadium_View.jpg|alt=Paljor Stadium, Gangtok, Sikkim|thumb|Àwọn òṣèré ń ṣe ìdánrawò ní Paljor Stadium, Gangtok]]
[[Fáìlì:The_students,_Army,_ITBP_and_SSB_personnel,_NCC,_NYK,_Art_of_Living_and_yoga_enthusiasts_performed_the_drill_guided_by_Yoga_instructor_from_AYUSH_Sikkim,_Mr._Jagannath_Niroula.jpg|thumb|Pápá ìṣeré nígbà tí a ń ṣe ètò yoga]]

== Ìtàn ==
Chogyal fún pápá ìṣeré náà ní orúkọ àpẹ̀ṣẹ́ náà ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1943 nítorí pé [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan|àwọn ará Biritiko]] àti àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ díẹ̀ lára ìdílé ọlọ́lá tí ìlú Sikkim ló ń ṣeré ní pápá ìṣeré Polo Ground nígbà náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=TENZING TSHEPEL DOUBLE HAND SIKKIM AAKRAMAN FC CRUCIAL THREE POINTS|url=https://www.goalie365.com/show_details.php?article_id=1413|access-date=8 July 2020|publisher=Goalie365|website=www.goalie365.com|date=16 September 2017|archive-date=11 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711080035/https://www.goalie365.com/show_details.php?article_id=1413|url-status=dead|archivedate=11 July 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711080035/https://www.goalie365.com/show_details.php?article_id=1413|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àgbàlagbà jẹ kí ó dì mímọ wípé ilẹ̀ pẹ̀tẹ́lẹ̀ yìí ní àwọn oníṣòwò Tibet ń gbá láti kó àwọn àgbò [[Àgùtàn|àgùntàn]] wọn lọ sí Sikkim àti orílẹ̀ èdè India. Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1939, ọ̀kan lára àwọn olóṣèlú, Sir Basil Gould ti gba owó ìdókòwò Rs.3000 (tó tó $75.2634) fún ẹ̀ka igbó, ó sì pàṣẹ pé kí wọ́n ṣètò láti ṣe ìfihàn koríko níbẹ̀. Gbogbo iṣẹ́ náà parí ní oṣù kẹrin ọdún 1941. Lẹ́yìn náà, Paljor Stadium di ibi pàtàkì fún gbogbo ìpàdé gbogbo ènìyàn, títí dórí àwọn olórí ìjọba àti àwọn aṣáájú ìsìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.kolkatafootball.com/39th_sikkim_governors_gold_cup_2019/sikkim_gold_cup_final.html|title=39th SIKKIM GOVERNOR'S GOLD CUP 2019 SEMI-FINALS AND FINAL|website=Kolkatafootball.com|access-date=3 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:PALJOR2.JPG|thumb|Àwọn ìjókòó ní Paljor Stadium]]
{{Coord|27.334131|88.611981|type:landmark_scale:3000}}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Osun-Osogbo</title>
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      <text bytes="12242" sha1="mzhck95k50sgewbntzzcqbb4cokt1q4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
| name          = Igbó Mímọ́ Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo
| image         = Osun groove Osogbo.jpg
| image_upright = 1.2
| caption       = Ààfin nínú Igbó Mímọ́ Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo
| location      = [[Òṣogbo]], Nàìjíríà
| criteria      = {{UNESCO WHS type|(ii), (iii), (vi)}}(ii), (iii), (vi)
| ID            = 1118
| coordinates   = {{coord|7|45|20|N|4|33|08|E|region:NG_type:landmark|display=title, inline|format=dms}}
| year          = 2005
| area          = {{convert|75|ha|acre|abbr=on}}
| buffer_zone   = {{convert|47|ha|acre|abbr=on}}
| pushpin_map   = Nigeria
| map_caption   = 
}}
[[File: Osun Sacred Grove forest Osogbo Main Gate.jpg |thumb|Ẹnu-ọ̀nà Àbáwọlé Igbó Mímọ́ Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo]]
'''Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo''' jẹ́ [[igbó mímọ́]] kan lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ bèbè [[Odò Ọ̀ṣun]] ní ìrọ̀kẹ́lẹ̀ ìlú [[Òṣogbo]], ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀ṣun]] ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].

Igbó Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo ti wà fún ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún ọdún,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118/}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì wà lára àwọn igbó mímọ́ tí ó kù tí wọ́n fi ń ṣe ààlà pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìlú [[Ọmọ Yorùbá|Yorùbá]] kí ìdàgbàsókè àti ìmúgbòòrò ìlú tó dé. Ní mímọ pàtàkì rẹ̀ káríayé àti iye rẹ̀ fún àṣà, wọ́n fi Igbó Mímọ́ náà kún àkọsílẹ̀ [[Agbègbè Àjọgúnbá Àgbáyé ti UNESCO|Agbègbè Àjọgúnbá Àgbáyé ti UNESCO]] (UNESCO World Heritage Site) ní ọdún 2005.&lt;ref&gt;Peter Probst. ''Osogbo and the Art of Heritage. Monuments. Deities, and Money''. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọdún 1950 sí 1959 jẹ́ àsìkò tí wọ́n sọ Igbó Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo di àìlọ́wọ̀: wọ́n kọ àwọn ojúbọ sílẹ̀, àwọn abọrẹ̀ sì sá kúrò nínú igbó náà bí àwọn ojúṣe àti òfin ìbílẹ̀ ṣe dínkù. Àwọn iṣẹ́ tí a kọ̀ bí ẹja pípa, ọdẹ ṣíṣe, àti gígé igi nínú Igbó náà ni wọ́n ń ṣe ní ìwàkiwà títí tí ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Austria kan tí ń jẹ́ [[Susanne Wenger]] (1915–2009)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2019-09-15 |title=Susanne Wenger, a decade after the glow |url=https://guardian.ng/art/susanne-wenger-a-decade-after-the-glow/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-06-03 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; fi ṣèrànwọ́ láti dá àwọn ààbò ìbílẹ̀ padà àti lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ [[Princess Adedoyin Talabi Faniyi|Prince Samuel Adedoyin]].&lt;ref&gt;Peter Probst. &quot;Modernism against Modernity. A Tribute to Susanne Wenger.&quot; ''Critical Interventions'', ''Journal of African Art History and Visual Culture'', 2009, No.3/4, 245–255. Peter Probst. &quot;From Iconoclasm to Heritage. The Osogbo Art Movement and the Dynamics of Modernism in Nigeria.&quot; ''A Companion to Modern African Art''. Edited by Gitti Salami and Monica Blackmun Visona (eds.) Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013, pp. 294–310.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/adedoyin-talabi-faniyi-upholding-the-legacy-abiodun-omotoso/iwF-W3psSowaNQ&lt;/ref&gt;

Pẹ̀lú àtìlẹ́yìn àti ìṣírí [[Atáọ́ja]] (ọba aládé nígbà náà) àti àtìlẹ́yìn àwọn ará ìlú tí ọ̀rọ̀ náà jẹ lógún, Wenger &quot;ṣẹ̀dá ẹgbẹ́ Iṣẹ́ Ọnà Mímọ́ Tuntun (New Sacred Art movement) láti dojúkọ àwọn agbàlẹ̀-kùtà, lé àwọn ọdẹ sẹ́yìn, dáàbò bo àwọn ojúbọ, kí wọ́n sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ribiribi láti sọ ibi mímọ́ náà di ọ̀tun nípa mímú un padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọkàn mímọ́ ti Òṣogbo&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/people-places/osun-osogbo-preserving-culture-arts/|title=Osun Osogbo: Carnival of culture in a sacred forest|access-date=18 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150603184703/http://www.punchng.com/feature/people-places/osun-osogbo-preserving-culture-arts/|archive-date=3 June 2015|url-status=dead|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|archivedate=3 June 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150603184703/http://www.punchng.com/feature/people-places/osun-osogbo-preserving-culture-arts/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀tọ̀ ni àkókò tí wọ́n fi oyè &quot;Àdùnní Òrìṣà&quot; dá Wenger lọ́lá fún akitiyan rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí alùtọ́jú àti fún ìfọkànsìn rẹ̀ pátápátá sí àwọn òrìṣà inú igbó náà.

== Ọdún Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo ==
Láti ọdún náà wá ni wọ́n ti ń ṣe Ọdún Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo ní oṣù Kẹjọ nínú Igbó náà. Ọdún náà máa ń fa ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún àwọn olùsìn Ọ̀ṣun, àwọn ònwòran àti àwọn arìnrìn-àjò afẹ́ láti gbogbo àgbáyé.

=== Ìtàn Ọdún náà ===
Wọ́n gbàgbọ́ pé Ọdún Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo ní ìtàn tó ju 700 ọdún lọ. Nínú ìtàn, ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ńlá kan láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn baba-ńlá ló fa ayẹyẹ ọdún yìí. Ní ayé àtijọ́, àwọn arìnrìn-àjò kan tí olórí wọn jẹ́ ọdẹ ńlá tí ń jẹ́ Olútímẹ̀yìn tẹ̀dó sí etí Odò Ọ̀ṣun láti gba ara wọn là lọ́wọ́ ìyàn. Ní etí odò náà, Yèyé [[Ọ̀ṣun]], òrìṣà omi yọ láti inú omi níwájú Olútímẹ̀yìn, ó sì ní kí ó darí àwọn ènìyàn rẹ̀ lọ sí ibi pàtàkì kan (èyí tí í ṣe ìlú Òṣogbo lónìí).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Oyintiloye |first=Olatunbosun |date=23 September 2012 |title=What you did not know about Osun Osogbo |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/09/what-you-did-not-know-about-osun-osogbo/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=9 October 2022 |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òrìṣà náà ṣèlérí láti dáàbò bo àwọn ènìyàn náà àti láti fún wọn ní aásìkí fún ìdápadà pé wọn yóò máa rúbọ sí òun lọ́dọọdún. Àwọn ènìyàn yìí gba àbá náà wọlé, títí di òní, ayẹyẹ ẹbọ ọdọọdún sí Òrìṣà Odò Ọ̀ṣun ṣì ń tẹ̀síwájú gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ọdún Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.legit.ng/1184136-osun-osogbo-festival-2018-date-history.html|title=When will Osun Osogbo festival be this year?|last=Agu|first=Zain|date=2018-08-07|newspaper=[[Legit.ng]]|language=en|access-date=2019-08-19|archive-date=2022-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407071853/https://www.legit.ng/1184136-osun-osogbo-festival-2018-date-history.html|url-status=dead|archivedate=2022-04-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407071853/https://www.legit.ng/1184136-osun-osogbo-festival-2018-date-history.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ayẹyẹ ===
Ní àsìkò òde-òní, oṣù Kẹjọ jẹ́ oṣù ayẹyẹ fún àwọn ará ilẹ̀ Òṣogbo èyí tí ó ní nínú ìfọ̀lúmọ́ ti ìbílẹ̀ àti ìpadàpọ̀ àṣà ti àwọn ènìyàn pẹ̀lú àwọn baba-ńlá wọn, àwọn tó dá Ìlú Òṣogbo sílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=About – Osun Osogbo Festival|url=http://osunosogbofestival.com/about/|access-date=18 August 2015|work=osunosogbofestival.com|archive-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518100328/http://osunosogbofestival.com/about/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọdún Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo fúnra rẹ̀ jẹ́ ètò tí ó máa ń gba ọ̀sẹ̀ méjì. Ìfọ̀lúmọ́ ìbílẹ̀ ìlú Òṣogbo ni a ń pè ní 'Ìwọ́pópó', lẹ́yìn ọjọ́ mẹ́ta ni títàn iná ọlọ́dún 500 tí ó ní ojú mẹ́rìndínlógún tí a ń pè ní 'Iná Olójúmẹ́rìndínlógún' máa ń tẹ̀lé e. Lẹ́yìn náà ni 'Ìbọríadé' (ìkójọpọ̀ gbogbo adé àwọn ọba tó ti kọjá, àwọn Atáọ́ja Òṣogbo, láti gba ìbùkún) máa ń wáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=19 October 2016 |title=The great cultural re-union at Osun-Osogbo festival |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/great-cultural-re-union-osun-osogbo-festival/ |access-date=28 January 2024 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[File:Wood hut.jpg|thumb|Ahéré Igi]]
Ayẹyẹ náà á wá kásẹ̀ nílẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìrìn àjò lọ sí ojúbọ nínú igbó mímọ́ níbi tí èrò rẹpẹtẹ á kóra jọ sí. Ìlù lu, ijó jó, orin kíkọ, wíwọ aṣọ mánigbàgbé, sísọ èdè Yorùbá, kíké oríkì, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ló máa ń fún àwọn ayẹyẹ náà ní ẹwà àti amúyá. Atáọ́ja Òṣogbo tó wà lórí ìtẹ́ pẹ̀lú ẹni mímọ́ tí ń ru ìgbá (Arugbá) àti àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ìyálórìṣà ló máa ń ṣíwájú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí láti tún rántí ìpàdé àkọ́kọ́ láàárín Olútímẹ̀yìn àti Yèyé Ọ̀ṣun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Fasan|first=Rotimi|date=2016-09-01|title=Arugba: superwoman, power and agency|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/13696815.2016.1163254|journal=Journal of African Cultural Studies|volume=28|issue=3|pages=283–291|doi=10.1080/13696815.2016.1163254|s2cid=192551770 |issn=1369-6815|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdọ́mọbìnrin tí kò tíì mọ ọkùnrin, tí ó wá láti ìdílé ọba ni ó máa ń jẹ́ Arugbá tí yóò ru ẹbọ náà lọ sí ọ̀dọ̀ òrìṣà.  

Ní ọdún 2020, wọ́n dín ìrìn àjò náà kù fún àwọn tó ń ṣe awo nìkan, wọ́n kò sì fàyè gba àwọn ará ìlú púpọ̀ láti kópa nítorí [[Àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn Kòrónà ti 2019|àrùn COVID-19]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Oun Osogbo government bans procession allows only worshippers to shrine.|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/08/osun-osogbo-festival-govt-bans-procession-allows-only-worshipers-access-to-shrine/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  [[File:Ina oloju merindinlogun.jpg|thumb|Iná Olójúmẹ́rìndínlógún, àtùpà mímọ́ tí wọ́n ń tàn ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayẹyẹ ọdún Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo dọ́dọọdún.]] 

== Àwòrán ==
[[File:A statue signifying the maternity nature of iya osun at the sacred grove of oshun2-1.jpg|thumb|Ère tí ó ṣe àpèjúwe àbùdá Yèyé Ọ̀ṣun gẹ́gẹ́ bí abiyamo nínú igbó mímọ́ Ọ̀ṣun]]
[[File:Arugba Osun-Osogbo worshipper 11.jpg|thumb|Arugbá; lásìkò ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọdún ọdọọdún.]]
[[File:Osun-worshipper at the sacred groove.jpg|thumb|Àwọn olùsìn Ọ̀ṣun nínú igbó lásìkò ọ̀kan nínú àwọn ayẹyẹ náà]]
[[File:Osun-worshipper 09.jpg|thumb|Àwọn arìnrìn-àjò afẹ́ àti àwọn olùsìn ń rìn káàkiri Igbó Ọ̀ṣun]]
[[File:Osun-worshipper 01.jpg|thumb|Olùsìn Ọ̀ṣun tòótọ́ pẹ̀lú àwọn gálọ́ọ̀nù omi tí ó pọn nínú Odò Ọ̀ṣun fún ètò tẹ̀mí.]]
[[File:Osun-worshipper 03.jpg|thumb|Àríyá ọdún tí ó kún fún àwọn olùsìn nínú aṣọ ẹlẹ́wà pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹbọ.]]
{{portal|Traditional African religion|Nigeria}}

== Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ìjápọ̀ ìta ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110423175722/http://orisagardens.org/ Sacred Orisa Gardens of the West]
*[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118 Osun Osogbo Sacred Grove- UNESCO]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080830045703/http://www.africaresource.com/ijele/issue5/olajubu.html Ijele: Art Ejournal of the African World]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723152126/http://www.atmospheres53.org/film.php?f=347%2F Osun Osogbo, the film]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121122011212/http://www.24images.fr/20/catalogue/documentaire/article/la-dame-d-osogbo Lady from Osogbo, long feature film]
*[https://vimeo.com/ondemand/oshunfilm Oshunfilm]
*[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118 Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove]
{{Commons|Temple#Temple of Osun-Osogbo, Nigeria|Temple of Osun-Osogbo}}&lt;br /&gt;{{Orisa-Ifá}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Ibi Àjọgúnbá Àgbáyé ní Nàìjíríà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ẹ̀sìn ní Nàìjíríà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Òṣogbo]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn igbó mímọ́]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ibi mímọ́ nínú ẹ̀sìn ìbílẹ̀ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ẹ̀sìn Ìbílẹ̀ Yorùbá]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Iṣẹ́ ìkọ́lé Yorùbá]]</text>
      <sha1>mzhck95k50sgewbntzzcqbb4cokt1q4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lucas Agazzi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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{{Infobox football biography|name=Lucas Agazzi|full_name=Lucas Agazzi Galeano|birth_date={{birth date and age|2005|05|02|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Montevideo]], Uruguay|height=1.80 m|position=[[Right winger]], [[right-back]]|currentclub=[[Defensor Sporting]]|clubnumber=11|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Carrasco Polo Club|Carrasco Polo]]|youthyears2=|youthclubs2=[[Defensor Sporting]]|years1=2023–|clubs1=[[Defensor Sporting]]|caps1=97|goals1=10|nationalyears1=2024–2025|nationalteam1=[[Uruguay national under-20 football team|Uruguay U20]]|nationalcaps1=26|nationalgoals1=1|club-update=17 May 2026|nationalteam-update=}}

 
'''Lucas Agazzi Galeano''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2005) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ará Uruguay tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá ọ̀tún tàbí agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá ọ̀tún fún ẹgbẹ́ Olùgbèjà Ere-idaraya ti Uruguay . 

== Iṣẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ ==
Agazzi gbá ''bọ́ọ̀lù ọmọdé'' fún Ẹgbẹ́ Polo Carrasco kí ó tó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Olùgbèjà Ere-idaraya .  Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ fún Defensor ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kejì ọdún 2023 nígbà tí Fénix ṣẹ́gun 1–3. 

== Iṣẹ́ kárí ayé ==
Agazzi jẹ́ ara ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Uruguay tí wọ́n gba ife ẹ̀yẹ COTIF ti ọdún 2024. Nígbà tí ó wà ní ìpele ẹgbẹ́ ìdíje náà, ó gba góólù kan nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Sevilla pẹ̀lú àmì 1–0.  Ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2025, wọ́n yàn án sí ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun mẹ́tàlélógún ti Uruguay fún ìdíje ọmọ ọdún 2025 ti Àṣeyọrí Àgbàlagbà Kìíní 20 ti Gúúsù Amẹ́ríkà. 

Ní oṣù kẹta ọdún 2025, Agazzi gba ìpè àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ sí ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Uruguay . 

== Àwọn ìṣirò iṣẹ́ ==
{{updated|match played 17 May 2026}}&lt;ref name=soccerway/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=L. Agazzi's career|url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/career-path/l-agazzi-3374653|access-date=9 January 2025|archive-date=9 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250109172645/https://www.besoccer.com/player/career-path/l-agazzi-3374653|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |National cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Defensor Sporting
|2023
|Liga AUF Uruguaya
|26
|3
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Copa Sudamericana]]|name=cos}}
|0
|1{{Efn|Appearance in Torneo Intermedio final}}
|0
|30
|3
|-
|2024
|Liga AUF Uruguaya
|30
|1
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|2{{Efn|Appearances in [[Copa Libertadores]]|name=col}}
|0
|1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Supercopa Uruguaya]]|name=scu}}
|0
|35
|1
|-
|2025
|Liga AUF Uruguaya
|25
|5
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|29
|5
|-
|2026
|Liga AUF Uruguaya
|16
|1
|0
|0
|1
|0
|1{{Efn|name=cos}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|18
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!97
!10
!8
!0
!1
!0
!4
!0
!2
!0
!112
!10
|}
{{Notelist}}

== Àwọn ọlá ==
'''Olùgbèjà Ere-idaraya'''

* Copa Urugue : 2023,  2024 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 2005]]</text>
      <sha1>1n6jiiop4hh16l7n641evpjsceajrbp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Salem Ahmed</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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  {{Infobox football biography|name=Salem Ahmed|image=|caption=|fullname=Salem Ahmed Miz'al|birth_date={{Birth date and age|2002|10|24|df=y}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Sal&quot;&gt;{{Soccerway|681815}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_place=[[Basra]], Iraq|height=1.88 m&lt;ref name=&quot;Sal&quot;/&gt;|position=[[Striker (association football)|Striker]]|currentclub=[[Diyala SC|Diyala]]|clubnumber=|youthyears1={{0}}{{0}}{{0}}{{0}}–2020|youthclubs1=[[Al-Minaa]]|years1=2020–2025|clubs1=[[Al-Minaa]]|caps1=116|goals1=25|years2=2025–2026|clubs2=[[Al-Shorta SC|Al-Shorta]]|caps2=12|goals2=1|years3=2026–|clubs3=[[Diyala SC|Diyala]]|caps3=|goals3=|nationalyears1=2023–|nationalteam1=[[Iraq national under-23 football team|Iraq U23]]|nationalcaps1=3|nationalgoals1=0|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{fb|IRQ}}}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[AFC U-23 Asian Cup]]}}
{{Medal|B|[[2024 AFC U-23 Asian Cup|2024 Qatar]]|[[2024 AFC U-23 Asian Cup squads#Iraq|Team]]}}|club-update=15 July 2026|nationalteam-update=13 June 2025}}'''Salem Ahmed''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2002) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọmọ ilẹ̀ Iraq tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ Iraqi Stars League Diyala . 

== Iṣẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ ==
Ahmed bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní Al-Minaa Academy. Ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2020, wọ́n gbé e ga láti bá ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ ẹgbẹ́ náà gbá bọ́ọ̀lù. Ní ọjọ́ Kejìlá oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2020, ó gba bọ́ọ̀lù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Iraqi Stars League lòdì sí Al-Karkh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ar: الميناء يتعادل مع الكرخ في الدوري|url=https://www.awla.news/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AE-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A/|publisher=awla.news|date=12 December 2020|language=ar|access-date=31 August 2026|archive-date=20 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240820195614/https://www.awla.news/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AE-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2021, ó gba bọ́ọ̀lù ìṣẹ́gun lòdì sí Al-Qasim nínú ìdíje kan tí ó parí sí ojúrere Al-Minaa pẹ̀lú àmì 2–1.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ar: فوز الميناء ونفط الوسط بدوري الكرة الممتاز|url=https://shafaq.com/ar/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%80%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A9/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%88%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B2|publisher=shafaq.com|date=30 June 2021|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àsìkò tí ó tẹ̀lé e, Ahmed parí gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbá bọ́ọ̀lù tó ga jùlọ nínú ẹgbẹ́ náà ní Iraqi Stars League bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ẹgbẹ́ náà já sí ìfàsẹ́yìn sí Iraqi Premier Division League. Ó gba bọ́ọ̀lù méje, ó gba bọ́ọ̀lù lòdì sí Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=حمادي أحمد ينقذ القوة الجوية من الخسارة أمام الميناء|url=https://www.kooora.com/?n=1080919|date=26 October 2021|website=kooora.com|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Al-Qasim,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=التعادل يحسم مباراتي أمانة بغداد والصناعة والميناء مع القاسم بالدوري الممتاز|url=https://www.ina.iq/140365--.html|date=4 November 2021|website=ina.iq|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;Newroz,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ar:سالم أحمد يسجل ويطرد في تعادل نوروز والميناء|url=https://www.kooora.com/?n=1090055|publisher=kooora.com|date=November 27, 2021|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Newroz lẹ́ẹ̀kan sí i,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ar:الميناء يعادل نوروز في الوقت الضائع|url=https://ninanews.com/Website/News/Details?Key=974166|publisher=ninanews.com|date=May 5, 2022|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Al-Najaf,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ar: فوز الكرخ على الديوانية وتعادلان في دوري الكرة الممتاز|url=https://shafaq.com/ar/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%80%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A9/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AE-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B2|publisher=shafaq.com|date=June 8, 2022|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;àti Al-Kahrabaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ar:الميناء يحقق فوزاً معنوياً على فريق الكهرباء|url=https://observeriraq.net/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8/|publisher=observeriraq.net|date=July 3, 2022|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2022, wọ́n tún àdéhùn rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Al-Minaa ṣe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|quote=ar: الميناء يجدد لاثنين من لاعبيه لموسم آخر}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ahmed ran ẹgbẹ́ náà lọ́wọ́ láti gba ife ẹ̀yẹ Iraqi Premier Division League, wọ́n sì gbé e ga sí Iraqi Stars League . Òun ni ẹni tó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ jùlọ fún ẹgbẹ́ náà, ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ mọ́kànlá, ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ kan lára àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ tó jáwé olúborí ní ìparí.  

Ní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2023, wọ́n tún àdéhùn rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Al-Minaa ṣe,  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|quote=ar:ادارة الميناء تجدد عقود عدد من اللاعبين وتوقع مع آخرين}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní àwọn olùbẹ̀rẹ̀ déédéé ní Iraqi Stars League, ó gba bọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́rin, ó sì gba bọ́ọ̀lù sí Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|quote=ar:هاتريك أيمن حسين يقود القوة الجوية للفوز على الميناء}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dohuk, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|quote=ar:أربيل يقسو على أمانة بغداد.. والميناء يعرقل دهوك}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Dohuk lẹ́ẹ̀kan sí i. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|quote=ar:بالصور: 8 أهداف في تعادل جنوني بين دهوك والميناء}}&lt;/ref&gt; Olùkọ́ ẹgbẹ́ náà, Hassan Ahmed, kà á sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn òpó pàtàkì nínú ẹgbẹ́ náà, ó sì kà á sí pàtàkì gan-an ní gbogbo ìdíje tí Al-Minaa bá gbá. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|quote=ar:أندية عراقية تعبر عن موقفها من تفريغ لاعبيها للمنتخب الأولمبي}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2024, wọ́n tún àdéhùn rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Al-Minaa ṣe fún àsìkò mìíràn. 

== Iṣẹ́ kárí ayé ==
Wọ́n kọ́kọ́ yan Ahmed láti ṣojú fún Iraq ní ọdún 2023, nígbà tí olùkọ́ni àwọn ọmọ ọdún 23, Radhi Shenaishil, yàn án láti jẹ́ ara ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ọkùnrin 23 rẹ̀ láti kópa nínú ìdíje WAFF U-23 Championship ti ọdún 2023,  tí Iraq gbà fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìtàn rẹ̀.  Wọ́n tún yàn án ní ìdíje ìdíje Ife AFC U-23 Asian ti ọdún 2024 fún Olimpiiki Igba Ooru Olympic ti ọdún 2024 ní [[Parisi|Paris]] .  Òun ni olùgbá bọ́ọ̀lù ẹgbẹ́ náà.  

== Àwọn ọlá ==
'''Al-Minaa'''

* Ajumọṣe Pipin Ijọba Iraaki : 2022–23

'''Iraaki U-23'''

* Àṣeyọrí WAFF U-23 : 2023

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde ==

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 2002]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Toklis Ahmed</title>
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 {{Infobox football biography|name=Toklis Ahmed|image=|fullname=Mohammad Toklis Ahmed|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|10|02|df=y}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://asia.eurosport.com/football/toklis-ahmed_prs342463/person.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006112926/http://asia.eurosport.com/football/toklis-ahmed_prs342463/person.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 October 2014|title=Tokils Ahmed|publisher=[[Eurosport]]|accessdate=2 October 2014}}/&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_place=[[Sylhet]], [[Bangladesh]]|height={{height|m=1.68}}|position=[[Striker (association football)|Striker]]|currentclub=|clubnumber=|years1=2010–11|clubs1=Kadamtola Sangsad&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://archive.bff.com.bd/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1794&amp;Itemid=199|title=National U-19 team|website=archive.bff.com.bd}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;|caps1=?|goals1=?|years2=2011–12|clubs2=[[Victoria SC]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://archive.bff.com.bd/index.php?option=com_bearleague&amp;task=view_match&amp;id=334&amp;Itemid=0|title=Agrani Bank Ltd Sports Club 0 : 3 Victoria Sporting Club|website=archive.bff.com.bd|access-date=2026-08-31|archive-date=2023-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926110502/https://archive.bff.com.bd/index.php?option=com_bearleague&amp;task=view_match&amp;id=334&amp;Itemid=0|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;|caps2=?|goals2=3|years3=2012–13|clubs3=[[Team BJMC]]|caps3=?|goals3=4|years4=2013–16|clubs4=[[Sheikh Jamal DC]]|caps4=?|goals4=2|years5=2017–19|clubs5=[[Mohammedan Sporting Club (Dhaka)|Mohammedan SC]]|caps5=27|goals5=9|years6=2019–21|clubs6=[[Sheikh Russel KC]]|caps6=8|goals6=0|years7=2021–22|clubs7=[[Sporting Bengal United F.C.|Sporting Bengal United]]|caps7=0|goals7=0|years8=2021–22|clubs8=[[Mohammedan Sporting Club (Dhaka)|Mohammadan SC]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.offsidebangladesh.com/মোহামেডানে-ফিরছেন-তখলিস/|title=মোহামেডানে ফিরছেন তখলিস!|language=Bangla|date=24 November 2021|website=offsidebangladesh.com}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;|goals8=0|caps8=0|nationalyears1=2013|nationalteam1=[[Bangladesh national under-20 football team|Bangladesh U19]]|nationalcaps1=|nationalgoals1=0|nationalyears2=2014|nationalteam2=[[Bangladesh national under-23 football team|Bangladesh U23]]|nationalcaps2=6|nationalgoals2=1|nationalyears3=2013–15|nationalteam3=[[Bangladesh national football team|Bangladesh]]|nationalcaps3=12|nationalgoals3=2|ntupdate=11 November 2015|pcupdate=30 July 2021}}

'''Mohammad Toklis Ahmed''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1995) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Bangladesh tí ó ti fẹ̀yìntì, ẹni tó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù iwájú fún Mohammadan SC ní Bangladesh Premier League.

== Àwọn ọlá ==
'''Ẹgbẹ́ Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi'''

* Ajumọṣe Premier ti Bangladesh : 2013–14, 2014–15
* Ife Àjọṣepọ̀ : 2013–14, 2014–15
* Ife Ọba : 2014

== Àwọn góńgó kárí ayé ==

=== Ẹgbẹ́ Olympic ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!#
! Déètì
! Ibi Iṣẹ́
! Alatako
! O wole
! Àbájáde
! Idije
|-
| 1.
| Ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2014
| Pápá Ìṣeré Incheon Munhak
| Vietnam
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | '''2''' – 3
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | 2–4
| Ore Kariaye
|-
|}

=== Ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!#
! Déètì
! Ibi Iṣẹ́
! Alatako
! O wole
! Àbájáde
! Idije
|-
| 1.
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹta ọdún 2013
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Dasarath Rangasala papa isôere, [[Kathmandu]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Àwọn Erékùsù Àríwá Mariana
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | '''2''' – 0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | 4–0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ìpele ìdíje AFC Challenge Cup ti ọdún 2014
|-
| 2.
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | '''3''' – 0
|}
'''Àkíyèsí:''' Nítorí pé awọn Erékùsù Àríwá Mariana kò jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ FIFA pátápátá, àwọn góólù tí wọ́n gbá sí wọn kò ní jẹ́ góólù tí FIFA List A góólù náà gbà.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1995]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Matthew Kuti</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-11T13:03:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>22272</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="4562" sha1="peyqqcazylct90n2vgmumai936drwsr" xml:space="preserve">'''Matthew Kuti''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Matthew Kuti.wav|Listen|help=no}} jẹ́ eléré ìdárayá ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Nàìjíríà tí òun gba tennis orí tábìlì&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Yussuf|first=Tumininu|date=2025-02-12|title=TABLE TENNIS: Matthew Kuti Set for African Cup Debut in Tunisia|url=https://www.brila.net/table-tennis-matthew-kuti-set-for-african-cup-debut-in-tunisia/|access-date=2025-02-15|website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Isaiah|first=Samuel CHIMEZIE|date=2024-12-26|title=Matthew Kuti Reclaims National Table Tennis Title|url=https://von.gov.ng/matthew-kuti-reclaims-national-table-tennis-title/|access-date=2025-02-15|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US|archivedate=2025-01-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250116000004/https://von.gov.ng/matthew-kuti-reclaims-national-table-tennis-title/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìgbésí-ayé àti Iṣẹ́==

Kuti bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́bi eléré ìdárayá tábìlì tẹ́nísì ní [[Lagos State]], níbi tí ó ti gba ìdánimọ̀ kíákíá nínú àwọn ìdíje orílẹ̀-èdè. Ó gba àṣàṣorí Cadet àti Mini-Cadet kí ó tó fa àfiyèsí kárí-ayé mọ́ ọn ní ọdún 2022 nípa gbígba àkọlé U-13 àti U-11 ní WTT Youth Contender ní Cairo, Egypt.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Nation |first=The |date=2022-11-01 |title=Kuti claims double titles at WTT Youth Contender in Egypt |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/kuti-claims-double-titles-at-wtt-youth-contender-in-egypt/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-02-15 |newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Table Tennis |url=https://worldtabletennis.com/eventInfo?eventId=2571 |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=worldtabletennis.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kuti ti gba mẹ́rin nínú ìdíje tẹ́nìsì orí tábìlì pàtàkì márùn-ún ní Nigeria. Àwọn ìṣẹ́gun rẹ̀ láìpẹ́ ní 10th Elicris Table Tennis Cup&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Kuti Reclaims National Title at 10th Elicris Table Tennis Cup|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2024/12/25/kuti-reclaims-national-title-at-10th-elicris-table-tennis-cup/ |access-date=2025-02-15 |newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Molade Okoya-Thomas Cup.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Telegraph |first=New |date=2025-02-02 |title=Molade Okoya-Thomas National T'Tennis: Odusanya Maintains Streak, Kuti Wins |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/molade-okoya-thomas-national-ttennis-odusanya-maintains-streak-kuti-wins/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-02-15 |newspaper=[[New Telegraph]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Odusanya claims 10th title &amp; Matthew Kuti claims men's title – NTTF |url=https://nttf.com.ng/odusanya-claims-10th-title-matthew-kuti-claims-mens-title/ |access-date=2025-02-15 |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208115406/https://nttf.com.ng/odusanya-claims-10th-title-matthew-kuti-claims-mens-title/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ipele kárí-ayé, Kuti gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ fàdákà ní African Championships ní ọdún 2024 àti 2025, tí ó wáyé ní Tunis àti Addis Ababa, lẹ́sẹẹsẹ. Ó tún ṣojú fún Nigeria ní 2023 African Games. Ó múra sílẹ̀ láti díje ní 2025 African Cup ní Tunisia, pẹ̀lú góńgó láti yege fún 2025 ITTF World Cup ní Macao.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Adewale |first=Abiodun |date=2025-02-10 |title=Kuti set for African Cup debut in Tunisia |url=https://punchng.com/kuti-set-for-african-cup-debut-in-tunisia/ |access-date=2025-02-15 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-02-11 |title=Table tennis sensation, Kuti set to dazzle at African Cup in Tunis|url=https://dailytrust.com/table-tennis-sensation-kuti-set-to-dazzle-at-african-cup-in-tunis/ |access-date=2025-02-15 |newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù keje ọdún 2025, Matthew Kuti di eléré àgbá tẹnisi orí tabili West Africa àkọ́kọ́ tí ó ṣàṣeyọrí dáàbò bo àkọlé ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọkùnrin ní 2025 West African Table Tennis championships ní Molade Okoya-Thomas Hall, Teslim Balogun Stadium, Lagos. Ó tún fi ipò gíga rẹ̀ hàn nípa ṣíṣẹ́gun ọmọ-orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ Abdulbasit Abdulfatai 4-1 (7-11, 11-6, 11-9, 11-7, 11-7) nínú ìdíje ìkẹyìn ti Ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan Àwọn Ọkùnrin.

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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    <title>Nubia</title>
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      <text bytes="124348" sha1="g7ndis5cfg3ddc0rpy4rklo5uoxdnao" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Region in northern Sudan and southern Egypt}}{{about|the region in Africa||||Nubia (disambiguation)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}}{{multiple image|perrow=1|total_width=270|align=right|direction=vertical|header=Nubia|image1=Rulers of Kush, Kerma Museum.jpg|caption1={{center|Statues of several Nubian rulers of the late [[25th Dynasty]]–early [[Napata|Napatan period]], 7th century BC. From left to right: [[Tantamani]], [[Taharqa]] (rear), [[Senkamanisken]], again [[Tantamani]] (rear), [[Aspelta]], [[Anlamani]], again [[Senkamanisken]]. [[Kerma Museum]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Elshazly |first1=Hesham |title=Kerma and the royal cache |url=https://www.academia.edu/3714044 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|image2=Outline of Nubia.png|caption2=Outline of Nubia|footer=|alt1=}}
'''Nubia''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|j|uː|b|i|ə}} {{respell|NEW|bee|uh}}; [[Nobiin language|Nobiin]]: Nⲟ̅ⲩ̅ⲃⲁ; {{Langx|ar|النُوبَة|translit=an-Nūba}}) O jẹ agbegbe kan lẹba odò Nile ti o wa laarin ibi ti odò Blue Nile ati White Nile ti n darapọ mọ ara wọn (nitosi Khartoum ni aarin ilẹ Sudan) ati ibi ti a n pe ni 'First Cataract' (ni guusu ilu Aswan ni guusu ilẹ Egypt).[1][2][3] Agbegbe yii jẹ ibi ti ọkan ninu awọn ọlaju ti o ti pẹ julọ ni ilẹ Afirika ti igbaanni ti gbilẹ si, eyini ni ọlaju Kerma; ọlaju yii wa titi di igba ti Ijọba Egypt ti a mọ si 'New Kingdom' (labẹ aṣẹ Pharaoh Thutmose I) fi ṣẹgun wọn ni nkan bii ọdun 1500 BC. Lẹhin eyi, awọn oludari ilẹ Egypt ni wọn ṣakoso pupọ julọ agbegbe Nubia fun ọdun mẹrin-ọgọrun (400) ti o tẹle e.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Nubia jẹ́ ibi tí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìjọba ńlá ti wà, pàápàá jùlọ Ìjọba Kush. Ìjọba yìí ṣẹ́gun ilẹ̀ Egypt ní ọ̀rúndún kẹjọ ṣáájú ìgbà tí wọ́n bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ka ọdún ti ìgbàlódé (BC), lábẹ́ àkóso Piye, ó sì ṣe àkóso gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ìdílé Ọba (Dynasty) kẹẹdọ́gbọ̀n rẹ̀. Láti ọ̀rúndún kẹta ṣáájú ìgbà ti ìgbàlódé (BC) títí dé ọ̀rúndún kẹta lẹ́yìn ìgbà ti ìgbàlódé (AD), ilẹ̀ Egypt gba apá àríwá Nubia mọ́ra lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ti gbógun ti ibẹ̀; nígbà yẹn, àwọn Gíríìkì ló ń ṣàkóso, tí àwọn ará Róòmù sì wá gba ipò náà mú nígbà tó yá; ní àgbègbè àwọn Gíríìkì àti Róòmù, wọ́n máa ń pe agbègbè yìí ní Dodekaschoinos.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morris&quot; /&gt;

Ṣáájú ìṣubú ìjọba Kush ní ọ̀rúndún kẹrin lẹ́yìn ikú Kristi, ìjọba Aksum ti gbógun ti í; lẹ́yìn náà, àwọn ìjọba Kristiani mẹ́ta—Nobatia, Makuria, àti Alodia—wá gbilẹ̀. Àwọn ìjọba Makuria àti Alodia wà fún ohun tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ tó ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún kan. Bí wọ́n ṣe wá ń dínkù nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín ló fa pínpín ilẹ̀ Nubia sí méjì ní ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún—apá àríwá tí Ìjọba Ottoman gbà, àti apá gúúsù tí Ìjọba Sultanate ti Sennar gbà—pẹ̀lú bí ẹ̀sìn Islam àti àṣà àwọn ará Arabia ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í tàn kálẹ̀ láàrín àwọn ènìyàn Nubia. Nígbà tó yá, ní ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, wọ́n tún so ilẹ̀ Nubia pọ̀ lábẹ́ ìjọba Khedivate ti ilẹ̀ Egypt. Lónìí, ilẹ̀ náà ti pín sí méjì láàrín orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt àti Sudan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/travel/2025/Dec/14/the-united-colours-of-nubia|title=The United Colours of Nubia|first=Veidehi|last=Gite|date=14 December 2025|website=The New Indian Express|access-date=22 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Awọn ara Nubia ti igijọ́un ni wọn kọ́kọ́ ṣe àwọn oògùn apani-kokoro (antibiotics), wọ́n sì tún ṣẹ̀dá ètò ìṣirò oní-ìwọ̀n (geometrics) tí ó jẹ́ ìpìlẹ̀ fún àwọn àkọ́kọ́ agogo-oòrùn. Bákan náà, àwọn ara Nubia máa ń lo ọ̀nà ìṣirò oní-igun (trigonometry) tí ó jọ èyí tí àwọn aládùúgbò wọn, ìyẹn àwọn ará Egipti, ń lò.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Armelagos, George|date=2000|title=Take Two Beers and Call Me in 1,600 Years: Use of Tetracycline by Nubians and Ancient Egyptians|url=https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/items/482bd90a-de71-49b3-9bbc-d8ff0ab974b3|journal=Natural History|volume=109|issue=5|pages=50–3|s2cid=89542474}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Gnomons at Meroë and Early Trigonometry|first=Leo|last=Depuydt|date=1 January 1998|journal=The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology|volume=84|pages=171–180|doi=10.2307/3822211|jstor=3822211}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://archive.archaeology.org/online/news/nubia.html|title=Neolithic Skywatchers|date=27 May 1998|first=Andrew|last=Slayman|website=Archaeology Magazine Archive|access-date=17 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605234044/http://www.archaeology.org/online/news/nubia.html|archive-date=5 June 2011|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vO5FCVIxz2YC&amp;q=nubia&amp;pg=PA744|title=A History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy|last=Neugebauer|first=O.|date=2004-09-17|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-3-540-06995-9|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ilẹ̀ Nubia ti ìgbàanì, èyí tí ó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹ̀ka ìmọ̀ onírúurú bíi ìmọ̀ nípa àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé (archaeology), ìmọ̀ nípa ìtàn, àti ìmọ̀ nípa èdè àti ìwé-kíkọ (philology), ni a mọ̀ sí Nubiology.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

{{History of Nubia}}

== Ẹ̀kọ́ èdè ==
{{Main|Nubian languages}}A ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lo ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;Nubian&quot; láti tọ́ka sí àwọn èdè kan—tó ṣeé ṣe kí wọ́n jẹ́ ara àwọn èdè Eastern Sudanic—tí wọ́n gbajúmọ̀ ní agbègbè tí a mọ̀ báyìí sí Orílẹ̀-èdè Sudan, pàápàá jùlọ ní àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ odò Nile, ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àsìkò òde-òní. Ní ti ìtàn, àwọn onírúurú èdè Nubian tí wọ́n ń sọ ní agbègbè yìí pẹ̀lú Nobiin (èyí tí ó ti ara èdè Old Nubian wá), Dongolawi, àti Kenzi. Àwọn èdè Nubian mìíràn pẹ̀lú Midob, èyí tí wọ́n sábà máa ń sọ ní North Darfur; Birgid, èdè kan tí ó ti parẹ́ báyìí, tí wọ́n sì máa ń sọ ní àríwá ìlú Nyala (ní Darfur pẹ̀lú); àti àwọn onírúurú èdè Hill Nubian tí wọ́n ń sọ ní agbègbè àwọn òkè Nuba ní Sudan&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;.

Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé àwọn èdè Nubia ṣe pàtàkì gan-an ní agbègbè náà nígbàanì, kì í ṣe àwọn nìkan ni wọ́n ń lò, àríyànjiyàn sì wà nípa irúfẹ́ èdè tí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ènìyàn ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ tí wọ́n ti gbé níbẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ rí ń sọ. A kò fi ìdánilójú mọ̀ irú èdè tí àwọn ènìyàn àtijọ́ ti àṣà Kerma—tí wọ́n wà ní gúúsù àti àárín gbùngbùn Nubia (tí a tún ń pè ní Upper Nubia)—ń sọ; àwọn olùwádìí kan dámọ̀ràn pé ó jẹ́ ara ẹ̀ka èdè Cushitic lábẹ́ ìdílé èdè Afroasiatic,[1][2] bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé àwọn ìwádìí tuntun sábà máa ń tì í lẹ́yìn pé ó jẹ́ ti ẹ̀ka èdè Eastern Sudanic (èyí tí ó jẹ́ ara ìdílé èdè Nilo-Saharan). A gbàgbọ́ pé àwọn ènìyàn mìíràn ní àríwá Nubia (tí a tún ń pè ní Lower Nubia)—bíi àwọn tí wọ́n ní àṣà C-Group àti àwọn Blemmyes—ń sọ èdè Cushitic kí èdè Eastern Sudanic tó dé láti Upper Nubia.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rilly2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|vauthors=Rilly C|title=Recent Research on Meroitic, the Ancient Language of Sudan|date=2010|url=http://www.ityopis.org/Issues-1_files/ITYOPIS-I-Rilly.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rilly200162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Rilly C|title=The Wadi Howar Diaspora and its role in the spread of East Sudanic languages from the fourth to the first millennia BCE|journal=Faits de Langues|volume=47|date=January 2016|pages=151–163|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/fdl/47/1/article-p151.xml|doi=10.1163/19589514-047-01-900000010|s2cid=134352296|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rilly2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book|vauthors=Rilly C|title=Between the Cataracts. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference for Nubian Studies Warsaw University 27 August-2 September 2006. Part 1. Main Papers|chapter=Enemy brothers. Kinship and relationship between Meroites and Nubians (Noba)|publisher=Polish Centre for Mediterranean Archaeology|date=2008|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/36487671|doi=10.31338/uw.9788323533269.pp.211-226|isbn=978-83-235-3326-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Cooper&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Cooper J|title=Toponymic Strata in Ancient Nubian placenames in the Third and Second Millennium BCE: a view from Egyptian Records|journal=Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies|volume=4|date=2017|url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d8a387b-f850-4d56-8105-f84a30bf121a/download_file?file_format=pdf&amp;safe_filename=Cooper%252C%2BToponymic%2BStrata%2Bin%2BAncient%2BNubian%2BPlacenames%252C%2BDotawo%2B4.pdf&amp;type_of_work=Journal+article|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523123606/https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d8a387b-f850-4d56-8105-f84a30bf121a/download_file?file_format=pdf&amp;safe_filename=Cooper%252C%2BToponymic%2BStrata%2Bin%2BAncient%2BNubian%2BPlacenames%252C%2BDotawo%2B4.pdf&amp;type_of_work=Journal+article|archive-date=23 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Edwards|first1=David|title=The Nubian Past|date=2004|publisher=Routledge|location=Oxon|isbn=978-0-415-36988-6|pages=2,90,106}}&lt;/ref&gt;A pín Nubia sí agbègbè pàtàkì mẹ́ta: Nubia ti Oke (Upper), ti Àárín (Middle), àti ti Isàlẹ̀ (Lower), ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ipò wọn lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ odò Nile. &quot;Isàlẹ̀&quot; (Lower) ń tọ́ka sí àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní ìhà ìṣàn omi (ní ìhà àríwá), nígbà tí &quot;Oke&quot; (Upper) ń tọ́ka sí àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní ìhà òkè odò (ní ìhà gúúsù). Nubia ti Isàlẹ̀ wà láàrin ibi tí omi ti ń ṣàn pẹ̀lú agbára (cataract) àkọ́kọ́ àti èkejì, láàrin ààlà ilẹ̀ Egypt ti òde-òní; Nubia ti Àárín wà láàrin ibi tí omi ti ń ṣàn pẹ̀lú agbára kejì àti kẹta; nígbà tí Nubia ti Oke wà ní ìhà gúúsù ibi tí omi ti ń ṣàn pẹ̀lú agbára kẹta.

== Ìtàn ==

=== Prehistory (before 6000–3500 BC) ===
[[Fáìlì:Megaliths_Aswan_Nubia_museum.JPG|thumb|Megaliths from Nabta Playa displayed in the Aswan Nubian museum]]
Àwọn ẹ̀rí láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn oníwádìí nípa ìtàn àtijọ́ jẹ́rìí sí ìtàn pípẹ́ ti ṣíṣe ọdẹ, pípa ẹja, àti kíkó oúnjẹ láti inú igbó, àti ti dídá ẹran nígbà tó yá, ní gbogbo agbègbè Àfonífojì Odò Nile..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Garcea|first=Elena A.A.|title=The Prehistory of the Sudan|series=SpringerBriefs in Archaeology|date=2020|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-47185-9|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-47185-9|isbn=978-3-030-47187-3|s2cid=226447119|issn=1861-6623|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Affad 23 jẹ́ ibi ìwádìí nípa àwọn ohun ìgbàanì tí ó wà ní agbègbè Affad ní apá gúúsù Dongola Reach ní àríwá Sudan,[1] ibi tí ó ní &quot;àwọn ìyókù ibi tí àwọn ènìyàn ti ń gbé ní àkókò ìgbàanì (àwọn ohun ìrántí ilé-àgọ́ tí a kọ́ sí gbangba tí ó ti pẹ́ jùlọ lágbàáyé) àti àwọn ibi onírúurú fún sísẹdẹ àti kíkó oúnjẹ jọ, tí wọ́n ti pé ọdún bíi 50,000.&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Osypiński II&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Osypiński|first1=Piotr|date=2020|title=Unearthing Pan-African crossroad? Significance of the middle Nile valley in prehistory|url=https://projekty.ncn.gov.pl/opisy/480275-en.pdf|publisher=National Science Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Osypińska&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Osypińska|first1=Marta|title=From Faras to Soba: 60 years of Sudanese–Polish cooperation in saving the heritage of Sudan|date=2021|publisher=Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology/University of Warsaw|isbn=978-83-953362-5-6|page=460|chapter=Animals in the history of the Middle Nile|oclc=1374884636|chapter-url=https://depot.ceon.pl/bitstream/handle/123456789/21580/Katalog%20wystawy%20From%20Faras%20to%20Soba%20-%20ONLINE%20o2.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Osypińska II&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Osypińska|first1=Marta|title=From Faras to Soba: 60 years of Sudanese–Polish cooperation in saving the heritage of Sudan|last2=Osypiński|first2=Piotr|date=2021|publisher=Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology/University of Warsaw|isbn=978-83-953362-5-6|pages=187–188|chapter=Exploring the oldest huts and the first cattle keepers in Africa|oclc=1374884636|chapter-url=https://depot.ceon.pl/bitstream/handle/123456789/21580/Katalog%20wystawy%20From%20Faras%20to%20Soba%20-%20ONLINE%20o2.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y}}&lt;/ref&gt;


Ni nǹkan bii ọdun 5000 BC, awọn eniyan ti wọn n gbe ni agbegbe ti a n pe ni Nubia loni kopa ninu Iyipada Neolithic. Agbegbe Sahara bẹrẹ si ni gbẹ si i, awọn eniyan si bẹrẹ si ni sin awọn ẹranko bii agutan, ewurẹ, ati malu.[1] Awọn aworan ti a ya sori apata ni Sahara fihan awọn iṣẹlẹ ti a gbagbọ pe o tọka si wiwa ẹgbẹ ẹsin ti o n bọwọ fun malu, iru eyi ti a tun ri ni awọn apakan Ila-oorun Afirika ati afonifoji Nile titi di oni.[2] Awọn aworan apata ti awọn ara Nubia fihan awọn ọdẹ ti wọn n lo ọrun ati ọfa ni akoko Neolithic; eyi si jẹ ipilẹ fun aṣa awọn ọmọ ogun ti n ta ọfa ti awọn ara Nubia ni nigba ti o ya.

Awọn okuta nla ti a ri ni Nabta Playa jẹ apẹẹrẹ kutukutu ti ohun ti o dabi ọkan ninu awọn ohun-elo akọkọ agbaye fun ṣiṣe akiyesi awọn nkan oju-ọrun; wọn si ti wa ṣaaju Stonehenge pẹlu aafo ti o fẹrẹ to ẹgbẹrun meji ọdun.[1] Ipo idiju yii, gẹgẹ bi a ti ri ninu awọn ipele aṣẹ oriṣiriṣi laarin awujọ ti o wa nibẹ, ṣee ṣe ki o ti jẹ ipilẹ fun eto ti awọn awujọ mejeeji—iyẹn ni awujọ akoko Neolithic ni Nabta ati Ijọba Atijọ ti Egipti..&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110806140123/http://www.comp-archaeology.org/WendorfSAA98.html Late Neolithic megalithic structures at Nabta Playa] – by Fred Wendorf (1998)&lt;/ref&gt;

Joseph Vogel, onímọ̀ nípa ẹ̀dá ènìyàn àti àṣà láti Amẹ́ríkà, kọ̀wé pé:

&quot;Àkókò tí agbègbè Áfíríkà tí ó wà ní gúúsù agbègbè Sahara ní ipa tó lágbára jùlọ lórí ilẹ̀ Egypt jẹ́ àkókò kan tí ilẹ̀ Egypt—gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe mọ̀ ọ́ nípa ti àṣà—àti agbègbè Sahara—gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe mọ̀ ọ́ nípa ti àyíká—kò tíì sí rárá. Àwọn ènìyàn àti àwọn àṣà tí a ń rí ní gúúsù agbègbè aṣálẹ̀ náà ní àkókò yìí máa ń rìn dé àwọn agbègbè tó jìnnà sí àríwá. A lè sọ pẹ̀lú òtítọ́ pé àṣà ilẹ̀ Egypt ti apá òkè (Upper Egypt)—èyí tí ó wá di ọ̀làjú ilẹ̀ Egypt tí ó ní ìtàn àwọn ìran ọba—jẹ́ èyí tí a gbé wá láti ilẹ̀ Sudan.&quot;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Basil Davidson, onímọ̀ nípa ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà láti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, ṣàlàyé pé àwọn ará Íjíbítì ìgbàanì kì í ṣe ti agbègbè kan pàtó ní Íjíbítì tàbí ti àṣà àwọn ènìyàn agbègbè &quot;Near East&quot; (agbègbè tí ó wà ní ìsúnmọ́ Ààrin Gbùngbùn Ìlà-oòrùn), ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n jẹ́ ara àwùjọ gbòòrò àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ń gbé láàrin Òkun Pupa (Red Sea) àti Òkun Atlántíìkì; wọ́n ní àṣà kan náà tí a lè pè ní &quot;àṣà Sahara-Sudan,&quot; wọ́n sì ń fa agbára àti ìtìlẹ́yìn láti orísun ńlá kan náà, bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé bí àkókò ti ń lọ, wọ́n tún gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn arìnrìn-àjò tí wọ́n wá láti agbègbè &quot;Near East&quot; sínú àwùjọ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Davidson|first1=Basil|title=Africa in history: themes and outlines|date=1991|publisher=Collier Books|location=New York|isbn=0-684-82667-4|pages=15|edition=Rev. and expanded}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ẹ̀dá ènìyàn (biological anthropologists) Shomarka Keita àti A.J. Boyce ti sọ pé àwọn ìwádìí lórí àwọn agbárí láti gúúsù ilẹ̀ Íjíbítì ti àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà àwọn ìjọba aláṣẹ (àkókò ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, láàrin ọdún 4000 sí 3100 B.C.) fi hàn pé wọ́n sábà máa ń jọ àwọn agbárí àwọn ará Nubia, Kush, tàbí Sahara ti ìgbàanì, tàbí ti àwọn ẹ̀yà òde-òní láti agbègbè Horn of Africa, ju bí wọ́n ṣe jọ ti àwọn ará àríwá Íjíbítì ti àkókò ìjọba aláṣẹ tàbí ti àwọn ará gúúsù Yúróòpù ti ìgbàanì tàbí ti òde-òní lọ.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Keita, Shomarka and Boyce, A.J.|title=&quot;The Geographical Origins and Population Relationships of Early Ancient Egyptians&quot;, In Egypt in Africa, Theodore Celenko (ed).|date=December 1996|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-33269-1|pages=20–33}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ẹ̀rí láti inú iṣẹ́ ìwádìí nípa àwọn ohun ìgbàanì ti fi hàn pé àwọn ènìyàn ti ń gbé ní agbègbè Nubia láti ìgbà ayé &quot;Late Pleistocene&quot; àti láti ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún karùn-ún ṣáájú àsìkò Kristi (5th millennium BC) lọ, nígbà tí kò sí ẹ̀rí rárá tàbí tí ẹ̀rí náà kéré gan-an nípa wíwà àwọn ènìyàn ní Àfonífojì Odò Naili ní ilẹ̀ Egypt láàárín àwọn àkókò wọ̀nyí; èyí sì lè jẹ́ nítorí àwọn ìṣòro tó jẹ mọ́ bí a ṣe ń tọ́jú àwọn ibi ìwádìí náà. Àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé mélòó kan ti sọ pé ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà fún ọ̀làjú ilẹ̀ Egypt wá láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn àwùjọ olùtọ́jú ẹran tí wọ́n yọjú ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ Egypt àti Sudan ní Àfonífojì Odò Naili ní ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún karùn-ún ṣáájú àsìkò Kristi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Wengrow|first1=David|last2=Dee|first2=Michael|last3=Foster|first3=Sarah|last4=Stevenson|first4=Alice|last5=Ramsey|first5=Christopher Bronk|title=Cultural convergence in the Neolithic of the Nile Valley: a prehistoric perspective on Egypt's place in Africa|journal=Antiquity|date=March 2014|volume=88|issue=339|pages=95–111|doi=10.1017/S0003598X00050249|s2cid=49229774|language=en|issn=0003-598X|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;academia.edu&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Smith|first1=Stuart Tyson|chapter=Gift of the Nile? Climate Change, the Origins of Egyptian Civilization and Its Interactions within Northeast Africa|title=Across the Mediterranean – Along the Nile: Studies in Egyptology, Nubiology and Late Antiquity Dedicated to László Török. Budapest|date=1 January 2018|pages=325–345|url=https://www.academia.edu/43275151}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Onímọ̀ nípa àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá àtijọ́ (archaeologist), Bruce Williams, ti gbé èrò kalẹ̀ pé àwọn ọlọ́lá ilẹ̀ Nubia kópa pẹ̀lú àwọn olùṣàkóso ilẹ̀ Egypt ti ìgbàanì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú àwọn Pharaoh.[1] Ní ọdún 1987, Williams tún ṣàlàyé pé ìwádìí rẹ̀ nípa ohun èlò tí wọ́n fi ń sun tùràrí ní Qustul kò túmọ̀ sí pé ó ń sọ pé ilẹ̀ Nubia ni ìjọba àwọn Pharaoh ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ tàbí pé ó ti ibẹ̀ wá; kàkà bẹ́ẹ̀, ó fi hàn pé àwọn àjọṣe àti ipa pàtàkì wà láàrin Nubia àti ìjọba yẹn.[1] Ó tẹnu mọ́ ọn pé àwọn ẹ̀rí tó péye tí wọ́n rí nípasẹ̀ ìwádìí ti fi hàn pé àwọn ibi ìsìnkú àti ibojì wà ní Qustul, ní Nubia, èyí tí wọ́n ṣàpèjúwe gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó ní ọrọ̀ púpọ̀ tí ó sì tóbi ju àwọn ibojì ní Abydos ti àwọn olùṣàkóso ìdílé ọba àkọ́kọ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;jstor.org&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Williams|first1=Bruce|title=Forebears of Menes in Nubia: Myth or Reality?|journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies|date=1987|volume=46|issue=1|pages=15–26|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/544188|issn=0022-2968}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dietrich Wildung (2018) ṣe àyẹ̀wò àwọn ọ̀nà ṣíṣe ohun èlò amọ̀ ní agbègbè ìlà-oòrùn Sahara àti àwọn ère òkúta ti ilẹ̀ Sudan; ó sì dámọ̀ràn pé àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá wọ̀nyí kọjá gba àfonífojì odò Nile, wọ́n sì ní ipa lórí àṣà ìgbàanì ilẹ̀ Egypt (ní àkókò Neolithic) kí ìjọba àwọn Fáráò tó bẹ̀rẹ̀..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Budka|first1=Julia|last2=Pischikova|first2=Elena|last3=Griffin|first3=Kenneth|title=Thebes in the First Millennium BC: Art and Archaeology of the Kushite Period and Beyond|date=2018|location=London|isbn=978-1-906137-59-5|pages=300–380}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Pre-Kerma; A-Group (3500-3000 BC) ===
[[Fáìlì:Nubian_A_group.jpg|thumb|&quot;[[Nubian A-Group|A-Group]]&quot; style, Nubian pottery, [[Musee du Louvre]]]]

==== Upper Nubia ====
Àṣà &quot;pre-Kerma&quot; tí a kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ mọ̀ dáadáa wà ní agbègbè Upper Nubia (ní apá Gúúsù), lórí ilẹ̀ ọlọ́ràá kan ní gúúsù gan-an sí ibi tí a ń pè ní &quot;Third Cataract&quot; (ibi tí omi Odò Nílíì ti ń ṣàn láàárín àwọn àpáta ńlá).&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

==== Lower Nubia ====
[[Fáìlì:Qustul_Incense_Burner,_Qustal,_Nubia,_Cemetery_L,_tomb_24,_A-Group,_3200-3000_BC,_limestone_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum,_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC08007.JPG|thumb|[[Qustul]] incense burner, 3200–3000 BC]]
Ni nǹkan bii ọdun 3500 BC, aṣa &quot;Nubia&quot; keji, ti a mọ si aṣa &quot;Early A-Group&quot;, bẹrẹ ni agbegbe Lower Nubia.[1] Awọn eniyan Nubia ti ẹgbẹ A-Group jẹ awọn oluṣọ-agutan ti wọn maa n rin kiri lati ibi kan si ekeji, ati awọn agbe ti wọn n lo ọna ti o rọrun lati gbin irugbin; wọn tun maa n ṣe ipeja, ọdẹ, ati ikojọpọ awọn ounjẹ lati inu igbó.[2] Ẹri iṣẹ-ogbin kọkọ farahan ni akoko &quot;Terminal A-Group&quot;, eyi ti o wa laarin ọdun 3200–3000 BC (ti o si ba akoko Naqada IIIB mu).[3][4]:6 Aṣa A-Group tun ni ibatan iṣowo pẹlu awọn ara Egipti, wọn si maa n ta wura fun wọn.[5] Awọn ẹri lati inu iwadii nipa awọn ohun atijọ (archaeology) fidi iṣowo yii mulẹ nipasẹ wiwa ọpọlọpọ awọn ọja ara Egipti ninu awọn iboji ti ẹgbẹ A-Group. Awọn ọja ti wọn gbe wọle pẹlu awọn ohun-ọṣọ wura, awọn irinṣẹ bàbà, awọn ohun-ọṣọ aabo (amulets) ati awọn ilẹkẹ ti a fi amọ pataki (faience) ṣe, awọn ami-idanimọ (seals), awọn pátákó okuta fun kikun tabi lilọ nkan, awọn ohun-elo ti a fi okuta ṣe, ati oniruuru ikoko.[6] Ni akoko yii, awọn ara Nubia bẹrẹ si ni ṣe awọn ikoko ti o ni awọ pupa ṣugbọn ti oke rẹ jẹ dudu. A ti ṣapejuwe awọn eniyan ẹgbẹ A-Group gẹgẹbi awọn ti o jọra pupọ pẹlu awọn ara Egipti ti igba atijọ (ti ṣaaju akoko awọn ijọba ọba tabi &quot;pre-dynastic&quot;) ni ti irisi ara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Mohktar|first1=Gamal|title=General History of Africa volume 2: Ancient Civilizations of Africa: (Unesco General History of Africa|date=1981|publisher=Heinemann Educational Books|location=London|isbn=978-0-435-94805-4|page=148}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Awọn ibugbe ti ẹgbẹ́ A-Group jẹ́ pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ilé tí a fi èèkàn tàbí koríko kọ́ àti àwọn ibi ààbò lábẹ́ àpáta; ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ibugbe wọ̀nyí sì jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ibi tí a kò dúró sí pẹ́ tàbí ibi tí a ń pàgọ́ sí.[1] Afyeh, ní agbègbè Lower Nubia, jẹ́ ibi tí ibugbe pàtàkì kan ti ẹgbẹ́ A-Group wà, níbi tí wọ́n ti rí àwọn ìyókù ilé tí wọ́n ní ìpìlẹ̀ tí a fi pátákó òkúta ṣe.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Bard|first=Kathryn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ovU1BgAAQBAJ|title=An introduction to the archaeology of Ancient Egypt|date=2015|publisher=Blackwell|isbn=9780470673362|pages=110}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Stevenson|first=Alice|date=2012|title=Social Complexity set in Stone? The A-Group Site of Afyeh|url=https://www.academia.edu/1815892|url-status=dead|journal=Sudan &amp; Nubia|publisher=The Sudan Archaeological Research Society|volume=16|pages=13–19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227151141/https://www.academia.edu/1815892|archive-date=2024-12-27|access-date=2024-02-29|archivedate=27 December 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227151141/https://www.academia.edu/1815892|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni nǹkan bii ọdun 3100 BC, ẹgbẹ́ &quot;A-group&quot; yí láti ipele ibẹrẹ lọ sí ipele ti ó pegedé (Classical phase). &quot;A lè sọ pé ní Qustul àti bóyá Sayala nìkan ni a ti mọ̀ nípa àwọn ibi-isinku àwọn ọba.&quot;[1]:8 Láàrin àkókò yìí, ọrọ̀ àwọn ọba ẹgbẹ́ A-group tóbi tó ti àwọn ọba ilẹ̀ Egypt. Àwọn ibi-isinku àwọn ọba ẹgbẹ́ A-group ní wúrà àti àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀ tí a fi ọgbọ́n ṣe lọ́ṣọ̀ọ́ nínú wọn.[2]:19 Àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé kan gbàgbọ́ pé àwọn olórí ẹgbẹ́ A-Group ti Nubia àti àwọn Fáráò ilẹ̀ Egypt ti ìgbàanì lo àwọn àmì ọba tí ó jọra; àwọn ohun tí ó jọra nínú àwọn àwòrán tí a ya sára àpáta ní agbègbè A-Group ti Nubia àti ní Upper Egypt tì èrò yìí lẹ́yìn. Àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé láti Oriental Institute ti University of Chicago ṣe iṣẹ́ àwárí ní Qustul (tó wà nítòsí Abu Simbel ní Sudan) láàrin ọdún 1960 sí 1964, wọ́n sì rí àwọn ohun ìgbàanì tí ó ní àwọn àwòrán tí ó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn Fáráò ilẹ̀ Egypt nínú wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;

Onímọ̀ nípa àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá àtijọ́, Bruce Williams, ṣe àyẹ̀wò àwọn ohun-ìní àtijọ́ wọ̀nyí, ó sì parí èrò sí pé &quot;àṣà àwọn ènìyàn ilẹ̀ Egypt àti ti Nubia (tí a mọ̀ sí A-Group) jọ ní àṣà ìṣàkóso kan náà&quot;, wọ́n &quot;kópa nínú àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ìjọba alágbára tí ó ní ìlànà dídíjú&quot;, àti pé &quot;Nubia àti Egypt jẹ́ apá kan ìpìlẹ̀ àṣà àtijọ́ ti agbègbè Ìlà-oòrùn Áfíríkà&quot;.[1] Williams tún kọ̀wé pé ó ṣeé ṣe kí Qustul jẹ́ &quot;ibi tí ìdílé ọba tí ó dá ìjọba Egypt sílẹ̀ ti bẹ̀rẹ̀&quot;.[2][3] David O'Connor kọ̀wé pé ohun èlò tí wọ́n fi ń sun tùràrí ní Qustul jẹ́ ẹ̀rí tó fi hàn pé àṣà àwọn ènìyàn Nubia (A-group) ní Qustul ló mú &quot;ìyípadà pàtàkì&quot; wá láti àkókò tí kò tíì sí ìjọba ọba sí àkókò ìjọba ọba, níbi tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà ńláǹlà tí ó jẹ́ àmì ìjọba Egypt.[4] Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, &quot;púpọ̀ nínú àwọn onímọ̀ kò fara mọ́ èrò yìí&quot;,[5] nítorí pé àwọn ohun tí wọ́n ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rí ní Egypt fi hàn pé láti Egypt ni àwọn àmì àti àwòrán wọ̀nyí ti bẹ̀rẹ̀, kì í ṣe láti Nubia, àti pé àwọn olùṣàkóso Qustul ló gba àwọn àmì àwọn ọba Egypt (pharaohs) wọlé tàbí tí wọ́n fara wé wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=D. Wengrow|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W9OFBw7yGZkC&amp;q=qustul%2C+burner&amp;pg=PA167|title=The Archaeology of Early Egypt: Social Transformations in North-East Africa …|date=25 May 2006|isbn=978-0-521-83586-2|page=167|publisher=Cambridge University Press|author-link1=David Wengrow|access-date=28 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Peter Mitchell|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4QGV7Eiy3PsC&amp;q=qustul%2C+baines&amp;pg=PA69|title=African Connections: An Archaeological Perspective on Africa and the Wider World|year=2005|isbn=978-0-7591-0259-0|page=69|publisher=Rowman Altamira|access-date=28 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=László Török|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=irbP2hHqDAwC&amp;q=qustul%2C+grave&amp;pg=PA577|title=Between Two Worlds: The Frontier Region Between Ancient Nubia and Egypt …|year=2009|isbn=978-90-04-17197-8|page=577|publisher=BRILL|access-date=28 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Bianchi|first1=Robert Steven|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ui9Qwtp-LV4C&amp;q=Qustul+burner&amp;pg=PA38|title=Daily Life of the Nubians|year=2004|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|isbn=978-0-313-32501-4|access-date=28 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí David Wengrow ṣe sọ, a kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ lóye ètò ìṣàkóso ti àwọn ènìyàn &quot;A-Group&quot; ní òpin ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún kẹrin ṣáájú àsìkò Kristi (BC) dáadáa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá àtijọ́ tí wọ́n fi sílẹ̀ ló ti wà lábẹ́ omi Adágún Nasser.[1] Frank Yurco tún ṣàkíyèsí pé àwọn àwòrán tí ó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ọba ilẹ̀ Egypt (Pharaohs)—bíi adé ọba, ẹyẹ &quot;falcon&quot; tí ó dúró fún ọlọ́run Horus, àti àwọn àwòrán tí ó ṣàpèjúwe ìṣẹ́gun—wà ní pàtàkì ní agbègbè Naqada ní apá Gúúsù ilẹ̀ Egypt àti agbègbè Nubia tí àwọn ènìyàn &quot;A-Group&quot; ń gbé. Ó tún ṣàlàyé síwájú sí i pé, bí ètò ìkọ̀wé ilẹ̀ Egypt ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní agbègbè Naqada (ní Gúúsù Egypt) àti Nubia (níbi àwọn &quot;A-Group&quot; wà), dípò kí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè Delta—níbi tí wọ́n ti ní ìbáṣepọ̀ tààrà pẹ̀lú àwọn ènìyàn apá Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn ilẹ̀ Asia—ń sọ àríyànjiyàn nípa ipa tí àwọn ará Mesopotamia ní lórí wọn di asán..&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Frank J.Yurco|title=&quot;The Origin and Development of Ancient Nile Valley Writing,&quot; in Egypt in Africa, Theodore Celenko (ed).|date=1996|publisher=Indianapolis Museum of Art|location=Indianapolis, Ind.|isbn=0-936260-64-5|pages=34–35}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Awọn ibi-isinku ti o ni iye itan-akọọlẹ ni Qustul ko ṣee ṣe lati wa awọn ohun-elo atijọ ninu wọn mọ nitori iṣan-omi ti o bo agbegbe naa lẹhin ti a ṣẹda Adagun Nasser.[1] A ti wa awọn aworan ati aami ti o jẹ ti awọn Farao ti o si ti pẹ́ julọ jade lati Nag el-Hamdulab ni Aswan—agbegbe ti o wa ni guusu-pinnu orilẹ-ede Egypt ti o si wa ni aala pẹlu Sudan—eyiti a si ṣe iṣiro pe wọn ti wa lati igba ti o wa laarin ọdun 3200 ati 3100 BC.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Hendrickx|first1=Stan|last2=Darnell|first2=John Coleman|author2-link=John Coleman Darnell|last3=Gatto|first3=Maria Carmela|title=The earliest representations of royal power in Egypt: the rock drawings of Nag el-Hamdulab (Aswan)|journal=[[Antiquity (journal)|Antiquity]]|date=December 2012|volume=86|issue=334|pages=1068–1083|doi=10.1017/S0003598X00048250|s2cid=53631029|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/earliest-representations-of-royal-power-in-egypt-the-rock-drawings-of-nag-elhamdulab-aswan/5DB2326AD5659EF652D1F77C2B713729|language=en|issn=0003-598X|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Egypt and Nubia ====
Ọ̀nà ìkọ̀wé bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ilẹ̀ Egypt ní nǹkan bí ọdún 3300 ṣááju ìgbà tí wọ́n bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ka ọdún ti ìgbà tiwa (BC). Nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ wọn, àwọn ará Egypt máa ń pe ilẹ̀ Nubia ní &quot;Ta-Seti&quot; tàbí &quot;Ilẹ̀ ti Ọrun&quot; (The Land of the Bow), nítorí pé wọ́n mọ àwọn ará Nubia gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn tí ó ní ọgbọ́n àrà-ọ̀tọ̀ nínú lílo ọrun fún ìbọn-ọfà.[1] Àwọn ìwádìí tí ó ṣe tuntun tí ó sì ní ìbú-gbòòrò ti fi hàn pé àwọn ọ̀nà ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ tí wọ́n fi ń ṣe àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀, àwọn ìlànà ìsìnkú tí ó yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn ohun èlò tí wọ́n máa ń fi sínú ibojì, àti bí wọ́n ṣe pín àwọn ibi tí wọ́n ti ń gbé káàkiri—gbogbo wọ̀nyí fi hàn pé àwọn ènìyàn Naqada àti àwọn ènìyàn Nubian A-Group jẹ́ àwọn tí ó wá láti inú àṣà tí ó yàtọ̀ síra..{{citation needed|reason=Which &quot;more recent and broader studies&quot;? You cannot reference studies and not cite.|date=August 2026}}

Kathryn Bard sọ pe &quot;awọn ibi isinku ti aṣa Naqada ko ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ọja iṣẹ-ọwọ Nubia ninu, eyi ti o fihan pe bi o tilẹ jẹ pe a n gbe awọn ọja Egipti lọ si Nubia ti a si n sin wọn pẹlu awọn oku ni awọn ibi isinku ẹgbẹ A-Group, awọn ọja ẹgbẹ A-Group ko fa ifojusi pupọ ni awọn agbegbe ti o wa ni ariwa siwaju sii.&quot;[1] Gẹgẹbi onimọ-jinlẹ nipa ẹda eniyan Jane Hill, ko si ẹri kankan ti o fihan pe awọn Farao ti Ijọba Egipti ti Akọkọ (First Dynasty), ti a sin ni Abydos, jẹ eniyan ti o wa lati Nubia.[2] Sibẹsibẹ, ọpọlọpọ awọn iwadii nipa ẹda ati ipilẹṣẹ eniyan ti fihan pe awọn eniyan Badarian ati Naqada ni ibatan to sunmọ pẹlu awọn eniyan Nubia ati awọn olugbe miiran ni agbegbe ilẹ-gbigbona ti Afirika.[3][4][5][6][7][8] Pẹlupẹlu, awọn ọba ti akoko ti o ṣaju idasile ijọba nla (proto-dynastic kings) wa lati agbegbe Naqada..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Cambridge history of Africa|date=1975–1986|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-22215-0|pages=500–509}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Oxford history of ancient Egypt|date=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0-19-280458-8|pages=479|edition=New}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Relevance inline|date=August 2026|reason=This article is about NUBIA. Why does the reader care of the origin point of proto-dynastic [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] kings?}}{{non-sequitur|date=August 2026}}

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí èrò Gamal Mokhtar, tí í ṣe ọ̀mọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Egypt àti olóòtú ìwé *UNESCO General History of Africa Volume II* (1981), àwọn agbègbè Upper Egypt àti Nubia ní &quot;ìpìlẹ̀ ẹ̀yà tí ó jọra&quot; pẹ̀lú àṣà ìgbésí-ayé àti àwọn ohun-ìní tí ó jọra.[1] Mokhtar ṣe àpèjúwe ìyàtọ̀ pàtàkì kan láàárín àwọn àwùjọ méjèèjì wọ̀nyí: àwọn ará Upper Egypt gba ètò ìkọ̀wé wọlé ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú nítorí àwọn ohun tí ó pọn dandan ní agbègbè Àfonífojì Odò Nile, nígbà tí àwọn ará Nubia kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ nítorí pé wọ́n gbẹ́kẹ̀lé iṣẹ́ ìsìn-ẹran tí ó nílò rírìn kiri gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá pàtàkì nínú ètò ọrọ̀-ajé wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;unesdoc.unesco.org&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Mokhtar|first1=Gamal|title=General history of Africa, II: Ancient civilizations of Africa|pages=20–25|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000184265}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Early Kerma (3000–2400 BC) ===
Àṣà kan tí ó jọra láàárín àwọn olùtọ́jú ẹran tí ń ṣí kiri—tí a mọ̀ sí ẹgbẹ́ Gash—wà ní ìhà ìlà-oòrùn àti ìwọ̀-oòrùn Nubia láàárín ọdún 3000 sí 1500 ṣááju ìgbà tí wọ́n bí Kristi..&lt;ref name=&quot;OConnor&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=O'Connor|first1=David|title=Ancient Nubia: Egypt's Rival in Africa|date=1993|publisher=University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology|location=University of Pennsylvania, USA|isbn=0-924171-28-6|pages=1–112}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|8}}

Ni agbegbe Lower Nubia, ẹgbẹ́ &quot;A-Group&quot; yí padà láti ìpele &quot;Classical&quot; sí ìpele &quot;Terminal&quot;. Ní àkókò yìí, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn ọba ní Qustul ti máa ṣàkóso gbogbo agbegbe Lower Nubia, èyí sì fi hàn pé àwọn ará Nubia ti ní ètò ìṣàkóso kan ṣoṣo tí ó so gbogbo wọn pọ̀.[1]:21 Àṣà àti ìgbésí-ayé ẹgbẹ́ &quot;A-Group&quot; wá sí òpin láàárín ọdún 3100 sí 2900 BC, nígbà tí ó jọ pé àwọn olùṣàkóso ìdílé ọba àkọ́kọ́ (First Dynasty) ti ilẹ̀ Egypt pa á run.[2] Kò sí àkọsílẹ̀ kankan nípa ìgbé-ní-ibi-kan ní Lower Nubia fún ọdún 600 tí ó tẹ̀lé e. Àwọn ìdílé ọba ti àkókò &quot;Old Kingdom&quot; ní Egypt (láti ìdílé kẹrin sí èyí tí ó jẹ́ kẹfà) ló ṣàkóso agbegbe Lower Nubia tí kò ní olùgbé, wọ́n sì máa ń kọlu agbegbe Upper Nubia.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

=== Early Kerma; C-Group (2400–1550 BC) ===

==== Upper Nubia ====
[[Fáìlì:Kerma_1.jpg|thumb|Kerma style pottery (2500–1500 BC)]]
Àwọn ènìyàn àkókò &quot;pre-Kerma&quot; (àkókò ṣáájú Kerma) wá di ẹgbẹ́ Kerma ti àkókò àárín. Àwọn ènìyàn kan láti inú ẹgbẹ́ &quot;A-group&quot; (tí wọ́n ń yípadà sí ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot;) wá tẹ̀dó sí agbègbè náà, wọ́n sì ń gbé pẹ̀lú àwọn ènìyàn ẹgbẹ́ &quot;pre-Kerma&quot; náà.[1]:25 Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mìíràn ní Nubia, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ méjèèjì yìí máa ń ṣe ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀ tí ó jẹ́ pupa pẹ̀lú òkè dúdú, bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé ẹgbẹ́ kọ̀ọ̀kan máa ń ṣe wọ́n ní onírúurú àpéjúwe tàbí ìrísí.[1]:29 Àwọn àmì nípa ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot; ní agbègbè Upper Nubia (apá òkè Nubia) parẹ́ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 2000 BC, àṣà Kerma sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní jọba lórí agbègbè Upper Nubia.[1]:25 Agbára agbègbè Upper Nubia gẹ́gẹ́ bí ilẹ̀ tí ó dúró fúnra rẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1700 BC, wọ́n sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ṣàkóso agbègbè Lower Nubia (apá ìsàlẹ̀ Nubia).[1]:25 Òṣìṣẹ́ ìjọba ilẹ̀ Egypt kan tí a ń pè ní Harkhuf sọ pé àwọn agbègbè Irtjet, Setjet, àti Wawat wá lábẹ́ àkóso ọba kan ṣoṣo. Ní ọdún 1650 BC, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ilẹ̀ Egypt bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní mẹ́nu ba ìjọba méjì péré ní Nubia: Kush àti Shaat.[1]:32,38 Ilé-iṣẹ́ pàtàkì ìjọba Kush wà ní Kerma, ti Shaat sì wà ní erékùṣù Sai.[1]:38 Bonnet sọ pé Kush ló ní agbára lórí gbogbo agbègbè Upper Nubia ní ti gidi, nítorí pé àwọn ibojì &quot;ọba&quot; tó wà ní Kush tóbi ju èyí tí ó wà ní Shaat lọ, àti pé àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ilẹ̀ Egypt—yàtọ̀ sí àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ tí a mọ̀ sí &quot;Execration lists&quot;—kì í mẹ́nu ba nǹkan kan nípa Shaat, bí kò ṣe Kush nìkan.&lt;ref name=&quot;OConnor&quot; /&gt;{{rp|38–39}}

==== Lower Nubia ====
Àwọn ará Nubia ti ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot; tún ibi tí a ń pè ní Lower Nubia (apá ìsàlẹ̀ Nubia) gbé ní nǹkan bí ọdún 2400 ṣááju ìgbà Kristi (BC).[1]:25 Bí òwò láàrin ilẹ̀ Egypt àti Nubia ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, bẹ́ẹ̀ náà ni ọrọ̀ àti àlàáfíà ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i. A pín Nubia sí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ìjọba kékeré. Àríyànjiyàn wà nípa bóyá àwọn ènìyàn ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot;,[2] tí wọ́n gbilẹ̀ láàrin ọdún 2500 BC sí 1500 BC, jẹ́ àbájáde ìyípadà láti inú àwọn ènìyàn tẹ́lẹ̀ tàbí pé àwọn olùgbóguntì ni wọ́n. O'Connor sọ pé, &quot;a lè rí ipa ọ̀nà ìyípadà láti inú ẹgbẹ́ 'A-group' lọ sí àṣà tí ó tẹ̀lé e, ìyẹn 'C-group',&quot; àti pé àṣà &quot;C-group&quot; yìí jẹ́ èyí tí ó wọ́pọ̀ ní Lower Nubia láàrin ọdún 2400 sí 1650 BC.[1]:25 Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé wọ́n ń gbé nítòsí ara wọn, àwọn ará Nubia kò gba àṣà àwọn ará Egypt mọ́ra gidigidi. Àwọn àyàfi tó ṣe pàtàkì pẹ̀lú àwọn ará Nubia ti ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot; ní àkókò ìjọba &quot;15th Dynasty&quot;, àwọn àdúgbò àwọn ará Nubia tí ó wà ní ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ ní Egypt, àti àwọn àdúgbò àwọn oníta-ọfà kan.[1]:56 Àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀ ti ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot; máa ń ní àwọn àpẹẹrẹ onígun tàbí onílà tí a fi nǹkan ya sí ara wọn pẹ̀lú àwọ̀ funfun nínú àwọn là wọ̀nyẹn, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí ó jọ ti iṣẹ́ híhun agbọ̀n. Ilẹ̀ Egypt ló ń ṣàkóso Lower Nubia láàrin ọdún 2000 sí 1700 BC, wọ́n sì tún ṣàkóso Upper Nubia (apá òkè Nubia) láàrin ọdún 1700 sí 1525 BC.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

Láàárín ọdún 2200 sí 1700 ṣááju Sàìkíìlì Kristi (BC), àṣà ìsìnkú tí a mọ̀ sí &quot;Pan Grave&quot; farahàn ní agbègbè Lower Nubia.[1]:20 Ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn kan lára ​​àwọn ènìyàn wọ̀nyí jẹ́ àwọn Medjay (mḏꜣ,[2]) tí wọ́n wá láti agbègbè aṣálẹ̀ ní ìhà ìlà-oòrùn odò Naili. Ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ànímọ́ àṣà Pan Grave ni ṣíṣe ibojì tí kò jinlẹ̀ fún òkú. Ó dájú pé àṣà Pan Grave àti ti C-Group ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ara wọn: àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀ ti Pan Grave máa ń ní àwọn líla díẹ̀ tí a fi ṣe ọ̀ṣọ́ lórí wọn (ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ti C-Group), wọ́n sì sábà máa ń ní àwọn ààyè tí kò ní àwòrán tàbí ọ̀ṣọ́ kankan láàárín àwọn àpẹẹrẹ oní-ìrí (geometric schemes) tí ó wà lórí wọn..&lt;ref&gt;de Souza, A.M. 2019. &quot;New Horizons: The Pan-Grave Ceramic Tradition in Context. London: Golden House&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Egypt in Nubia ====
{{multiple image|perrow=2|total_width=400|caption_align=center|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Nubian Archers.jpg|caption1=[[11th Dynasty]] model of Nubian archers in the Egyptian army, from a tomb in [[Asyut]] (c. 2130–1991 BC).|image2=Mesehtisoldiers.JPG|caption2=11th Dynasty model of Egyptian soldiers from the tomb of Mesehti.}}
Ní ọdún 2300 ṣáájú Sàìkí Kristi (BC), wọ́n kọ́kọ́ mẹ́nu ba Nubia nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ti ìgbà &quot;Old Kingdom&quot; ní ilẹ̀ Egypt nípa àwọn ìrìn-àjò fún ète òwò. Àwọn ará Egypt máa ń pe agbègbè Lower Nubia ní Wawat, Irtjet, àti Setju, nígbà tí wọ́n sì ń pe agbègbè Upper Nubia ní Yam. Àwọn òǹkọ̀wé kan gbà gbọ́ pé ó ṣeé ṣe kí Irtjet àti Setju náà wà ní agbègbè Upper Nubia.[1]:32 Wọ́n pe àwọn ará Nubia tí wọ́n ń gbé ní etí odò—àwọn tí wọ́n ní àṣà &quot;C-Group&quot;—ní Nehasyu; orúkọ yìí jẹ́ èyí tí ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn ará C-Group fúnra wọn lò gẹ́gẹ́ bí orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ ẹ̀yà wọn, tí àwọn ará Egypt sì wá gbà á lò nígbà tó yá láti fi pe ẹnikẹ́ni tí ó ń gbé ní apá gúúsù ilẹ̀ Egypt.&lt;ref name=&quot;OConnor&quot; /&gt;{{rp|26}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1042&amp;context=djns|title=Toponymic Strata in Ancient Nubia Until the Common Era|author=Julien Cooper|date=2015|website=Digitalcommons.fairfield.edu|access-date=2026-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lati Aswan, eyi ti o jẹ opin guusu agbegbe ti awọn ara Egipti n ṣakoso ni akoko yẹn, awọn ara Egipti n gbe wọle lati agbegbe ilẹ gbigbona ti Afirika nipasẹ Nubia iru awọn nkan bii wura, turari, igi dudu (ebony), bàbà, eyin erin, ati awọn ẹranko ti ko wọpọ. Ibasepo laarin awọn ara Egipti ati awọn ara Nubia fihan paṣipaarọ aṣa ni alaafia, ifowosowopo, ati igbeyawo laarin wọn. Awọn ọmọ-ogun Nubia ti wọn n ta ọfà, ti wọn si yan lati gbe ni Gebelein lakoko Akoko Aarin Akọkọ (First Intermediate Period), fẹ awọn obinrin ara Egipti, wọn si ni isinku ni ọna ti awọn ara Egipti n ṣe; nikẹhin, ko si iyatọ kankan mọ laarin wọn ati awọn ara Egipti..&lt;ref name=&quot;OConnor&quot; /&gt;{{rp|56}}

Awọn onímọ̀ ìtàn ti sọ tẹ́lẹ̀ pé ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn Fáráò ilẹ̀ Íjíbítì kan ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ láti ilẹ̀ Nubia.[1][2] Richard Loban sọ èrò rẹ̀ pé Mentuhotep Kejì (Mentuhotep II) ti ìran ọba kọkànlá (11th Dynasty) &quot;ó ṣeé ṣe kí ó jẹ́ ẹni tí ó ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ láti Nubia,&quot; ó sì tọ́ka sí àwọn ẹ̀rí ìtàn tí ó fi hàn pé Amenemhet Kìíní (Amenemhet I), ẹni tí ó dá ìran ọba kejìlá (12th Dynasty) sílẹ̀, &quot;ní ìyá tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Ta Seti tàbí Nubia&quot;.[3][4][5] Dietrich Wildung ti sọ pé àwọn ànímọ́ ara àwọn ará Nubia sábà máa ń hàn nínú àwọn àwòrán àti ère àwọn ọba Íjíbítì láti ìgbà àtijọ́ kí ìjọba àwọn Fáráò tó bẹ̀rẹ̀, àti pé wọ́n fi àwọn ànímọ́ Nubia wọ̀nyí hàn nínú àwòrán àwọn Fáráò bíi Khufu àti Mentuhotep Kejì..&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Wildung|first1=Dietrich|title=About the autonomy of the arts of ancient Sudan. In M. Honegger (Ed.), Nubian archaeology in the XXIst Century.|pages=105–112}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Guardian_Figures_Middle_Kingdom_(12th_Dynasty)_ca._1919–1885_BCE._Egyptian_Museum,_Cairo,_JE_44951._Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art,_14.3.17.jpg|left|thumb|Pair of guardian statuettes, depicting Middle Kingdom pharaohs, presumably [[Senusret I]] or [[Amenemhat II]], with the white crown of Upper Egypt (left), the other with the red crown of [[Lower Egypt]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Guardian Figure|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/543864|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|date=2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; The 12th dynasty had origins in [[Ta-Seti]], Upper Egypt/[[Lower Nubia]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Lobban|first1=Richard A. Jr.|title=Historical Dictionary of Ancient Nubia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pRUYEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=amenemhat+textual+evidence+nubian+mother&amp;pg=PA28|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield|language=en|date=10 April 2021|isbn=9781538133392}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Van de Mieroop|first1=Marc|title=A history of ancient Egypt|date=2021|location=Chichester, West Sussex|isbn=978-1119620877|page=99|edition=Second}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Frank Yurco kọ̀wé pé &quot;àwọn olùṣàkóso ilẹ̀ Egypt tí wọ́n ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ láti Nubia ti di ọmọ ilẹ̀ Egypt ní ti àṣà; gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn Fáráò, wọ́n máa ń hùwà bíi ti àwọn ará Egypt, wọ́n sì máa ń lo àwọn ètò ìṣàkóso tí ó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín àwọn ará Egypt.&quot; Yurco ṣàkíyèsí pé àwọn olùṣàkóso kan lákòókò 'Middle Kingdom' (Ìjọba Àárín), pàápàá jùlọ àwọn Fáráò kan láti ìran ọba kejìlá (Twelfth Dynasty), ní àwọn ànímọ́ ojú àti ara tí ó jọ ti àwọn ará Nubia gan-an; èyí sì jẹ́ nítorí pé ìran ọba yẹn bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti agbègbè Aswan ní gúúsù ilẹ̀ Egypt. Ó tún tọ́ka sí Fáráò Sequenre Tao ti ìran ọba kejìdínlógún (Seventeenth Dynasty) gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó ní àwọn ànímọ́ ará Nubia.[1] Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ògbógi nínú ìmọ̀ ti sọ pé ìyá Amenemhat Kìíní (Amenemhat I)—ẹni tí ó dá ìran ọba kejìlá sílẹ̀—ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ láti Nubia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=General History of Africa Volume II – Ancient civilizations of Africa (ed. G Moktar)|publisher=UNESCO|page=152}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Crawford|first1=Keith W.|title=Critique of the &quot;Black Pharaohs&quot; Theme: Racist Perspectives of Egyptian and Kushite/Nubian Interactions in Popular Media|journal=African Archaeological Review|date=1 December 2021|volume=38|issue=4|pages=695–712|doi=10.1007/s10437-021-09453-7|s2cid=238718279|language=en|issn=1572-9842|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rowman &amp; Littlefield&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Lobban|first1=Richard A. Jr.|title=Historical Dictionary of Ancient Nubia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pRUYEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=amenemhat+textual+evidence+nubian+mother&amp;pg=PA28|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield|language=en|date=10 April 2021|isbn=978-1-5381-3339-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Morris&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Morris|first1=Ellen|title=Ancient Egyptian Imperialism|date=6 August 2018|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=978-1-4051-3677-8|page=72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jyRgDwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=Amenemhat+I+%22nubian+origin%22&amp;pg=PA72|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Van de Mieroop|first1=Marc|title=A history of ancient Egypt|date=2021|location=Chichester, West Sussex|isbn=978-1-119-62087-7|page=99|edition=Second}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Fletcher|first1=Joann|title=The story of Egypt: the civilization that shaped the world|date=2017|location=New York|isbn=978-1-68177-456-5|pages=Chapter 12|edition=First Pegasus books paperback}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=Stuart Tyson|title=Ethnicity: Constructions of Self and Other in Ancient Egypt|journal=Journal of Egyptian History|date=8 October 2018|volume=11|issue=1–2|pages=113–146|doi=10.1163/18741665-12340045|s2cid=203315839|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jeh/11/1-2/article-p113_6.xml|issn=1874-1665}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lẹ́yìn àkókò kan tí wọ́n ti yọ́ra wọn kúrò níbẹ̀, ìjọba &quot;Middle Kingdom&quot; ti ilẹ̀ Egypt gba agbègbè Lower Nubia láàrín ọdún 2000 sí 1700 BC.[1]:8, 25 Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1900 BC, Ọba Sesostris I bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní kọ́ àwọn ìlú ní ìsàlẹ̀ ibi tí omi Odò Nile ti ń ṣàn pẹ̀lú agbára (tí a mọ̀ sí Second Cataract); àwọn ìlú wọ̀nyí ní àwọn odi agbára gidi tí ó ní ààlà àti àwọn afárá tí a lè gbé sókè tàbí sọ̀kalẹ̀.[2]:19 Sesostris III tẹ̀síwájú láti fẹ̀ ìjọba rẹ̀ gboòrò sí agbègbè Nubia (láàrín ọdún 1866 sí 1863 BC) ó sì kọ́ àwọn odi ńlá lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ odò náà—pẹ̀lú Buhen, Semna, Shalfak, àti Toshka ní Uronarti—láti lè ní àkóso tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ọ̀nà ìṣòwò ní Lower Nubia. Àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí tún fún wọn ní àǹfààní láti ṣe ìṣòwò tààrà pẹ̀lú Upper Nubia, èyí tí ó jẹ́ ilẹ̀ olómìnira tí agbára rẹ̀ sì ń pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò yẹn. Ó jọ pé àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ-ogun Egypt wọ̀nyí ń gbé ní àlàáfíà pẹ̀lú àwọn ènìyàn Nubia tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ-ìbílẹ̀ ibẹ̀, bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé wọn kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Hafsaas|first1=Henriette|chapter=Between Kush and Egypt: The C-Group people of Lower Nubia during the Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/2393840|title=Between the Cataracts|date=January 2010|access-date=8 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Medjay ni orukọ ti awọn ara Egipti igbani-n-tijọ́ fi pe awọn eniyan ti n rin kiri ni agbegbe aṣálẹ́ ni apa ila-oorun Odò Nile. A lo ọrọ̀ yii ni ọpọlọpọ ọna lati tọka si ibi kan, awọn eniyan Medjay funra wọn, tabi ipa ati iṣẹ́ wọn ninu ijọba naa. Wọn kọkọ darapọ̀ mọ́ ẹka ologun Egipti gẹgẹbi awọn aṣawakiri ati awọn oṣiṣẹ ti n ṣe awọn iṣẹ́ kekere, ki wọn to di apakan kikun ti ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ-ogun Egipti. Ninu ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ-ogun naa, awọn Medjay ṣiṣẹ́ gẹgẹbi awọn ọmọ-ogun ti n ṣọ́ awọn ibi aabo Egipti ni agbegbe Nubia, wọn si n ṣọ́ aṣálẹ́ gẹgẹbi iru ẹgbẹ́ ọlọpaa pataki tabi ẹgbẹ́ aabo ti o ni agbara ologun, lati dena awọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ wọn ninu ẹya Medjay lati tẹsiwaju ninu ikọlu awọn ohun-ini Egipti ni agbegbe naa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilkinson&quot;&gt;Wilkinson, ''op.cit.'', p. 147&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n sábà máa ń lo àwọn Medjay láti dáàbò bo àwọn agbègbè tí ó ṣe pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn àgbègbè ààfin ọba àti àwọn ibi ìjọsìn. Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé wọ́n gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ fún iṣẹ́ ìdáàbòbò àwọn ààfin ọba àti àwọn ibi ìsìnkú ní Thebes àti àwọn agbègbè tí ó yí i ká, wọ́n lo àwọn Medjay káàkiri gbogbo agbègbè Upper Egypt àti Lower Egypt; wọ́n tilẹ̀ lò wọ́n nígbà ìpolongo ogun Kamose lòdì sí àwọn Hyksos, wọ́n sì kó ipa pàtàkì nínú sísọ ilẹ̀ Egypt di agbára ológun tí ó lágbára.[1][2] Lẹ́yìn àkókò tí a mọ̀ sí &quot;First Intermediate Period&quot; ní Egypt, a kò tún rí àkọsílẹ̀ kankan nípa agbègbè àwọn Medjay mọ́.&lt;ref&gt;Gardiner, ''op.cit.'', p. 76*&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kerma; Egyptian Empire (1550–1100 BC) ===

==== Upper Nubia ====
{{Main|Kerma culture}}
[[Fáìlì:Western_Deffufa_-_Kerma.jpg|right|thumb|The Western Deffufa of Sudan]]
[[Fáìlì:Daggers_of_bone_and_copper,_1750-1450_BCE,_Kerma,_British_Museum_EA55442.jpg|thumb|Daggers of bone and copper, 1750–1450 BC, Kerma, British Museum EA55442]]
Láti àkókò Middle Kerma, ìjọba Nubia àkọ́kọ́ tí ó ṣọ̀kan apá pàtàkì nínú agbègbè náà wá sí ìwààyè. Àṣà Classic Kerma, èyí tí a sọ lórúkọ olú-ìlú rẹ̀ ní Kerma, jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ibi tí ó ti kọ́kọ́ di ìlú ńlá ní agbègbè odò Nile, ó sì jẹ́ ìlú tí ó ti pẹ́ jùlọ ní Áfíríkà yàtọ̀ sí ti ilẹ̀ Egypt.[1][2]:50–51 Àwọn ènìyàn Kerma máa ń sọ èdè láti inú ẹ̀ka Cushitic[3][4] tàbí, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìwádìí tuntun ṣe fi hàn, àwọn èdè Nilo-Saharan láti inú ẹ̀ka Eastern Sudanic.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rilly2010&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rilly200162&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rilly2008&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Cooper&quot; /&gt;

Ni nnkan bii ọdun 1650 BC (akoko Kerma ti a mọ̀ si 'Classic Kerma'), awọn ọba Kerma ti ni agbara to lati ṣeto iṣẹ́ ikọ́ awọn odi ilu ti o tobi pupọ ati awọn ile nla ti a fi biriki amọ́ kọ́, gẹgẹbi awọn ile 'Deffufa' ti Ila-oorun ati ti Iwọ-oorun (ti wọn ni iwọn mita 50 ni gigun, 25 ni fife, ati 18 ni giga). Wọn tun ni awọn ibi-isinku ti o kun fun ọrọ̀ ati awọn ohun-ini fun aye lẹhin iku, pẹlu ṣiṣe awọn ẹbọ eniyan ti o pọ̀. George Andrew Reisner ṣe iwadii ati khai-ilẹ ni ilu ọba Kerma, o si ri awọn ọna ikọ́-ile ti o jẹ́ ti awọn ara Nubia pato, gẹgẹbi awọn ibi-isinku nla ti a fi okuta kekere bo (ti wọn ni iwọn ila-opin mita 90), ile nla kan ti o ni apẹrẹ yika, ati ile kan ti o jọ aafin ọba.[1]:41 Gẹgẹbi awọn iwe-kikọ Egipti ti a mọ̀ si 'Execration texts' ṣe fihan, awọn oludari akoko 'Classic Kerma' maa n gba ọpọlọpọ awọn ara Egipti si iṣẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;OConnor&quot; /&gt;{{rp|57}}
[[Fáìlì:Exposition_Nubia,_Land_of_the_Black_Pharaohs_–_Mirror._Kerma_Period,_1700-1550_BC.jpg|thumb|Mirror. Kerma Period, 1700–1550 BC.]]
Àṣà àwọn ènìyàn Kerma ní ìtẹ́tẹ̀sí sí iṣẹ́ ológun, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ṣe hàn nínú bí wọ́n ṣe ń sin àwọn ọ̀jáfáfá nínú lílo ọfà pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀bẹ tàbí idà idẹ tí wọ́n rí nínú ibojì wọn.[1]:31 Àwọn ẹ̀rí mìíràn tó fi agbára ológun Nubia hàn ni bí wọ́n ṣe máa ń lo àwọn ọmọ Nubia nínú iṣẹ́ ológun ilẹ̀ Egypt, àti bí ilẹ̀ Egypt ṣe ní láti kọ́ ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ibi ìdáàbòbò (fortresses) láti dáàbò bo ààlà gúúsù rẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ àwọn ọmọ Nubia.[1]:31 Láìka bí wọ́n ṣe ń darapọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ará Egypt sí, àwọn ọlọ́lá ilẹ̀ Nubia ṣì máa ń ṣe ọ̀tẹ̀ nígbà tí ilẹ̀ Egypt ń ṣàkóso wọn. Àwọn ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ pọ̀ gan-an, &quot;àwọn ìjà ológun sì máa ń wáyé lábẹ́ ìṣàkóso ọba kọ̀ọ̀kan títí dé ìgbà ìjọba ti ìran ogún (20th dynasty)&quot;.[2]:102–103 Ní àkókò kan, ilẹ̀ Kerma fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ ṣẹ́gun ilẹ̀ Egypt pátápátá: ilẹ̀ Egypt jìyà ìṣẹ́gun ńlá kan lọ́wọ́ Ìjọba Kush.&lt;ref&gt;Tomb Reveals Ancient Egypt's Humiliating Secret ''The Times'' (London, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Elkab's hidden treasure|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2003/649/he1.htm|newspaper=[[Al-Ahram]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215024748/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2003/649/he1.htm|archive-date=15 February 2009|access-date=2 September 2026|archivedate=15 February 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215024748/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2003/649/he1.htm|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Davies, olórí ẹgbẹ́ àjọpọ̀ àwọn oníwádìí nípa ìtàn àtijọ́ láti British Museum àti ilẹ̀ Egypt ṣe sọ, ìkọlù náà le débi pé tí àwọn ọmọ-ogun Kerma bá ti pinnu láti dúró kí wọ́n sì gba ilẹ̀ Egypt, wọ́n ìbá ti pa àwọn ará Egypt run pátápátá, tí orílẹ̀-èdè náà ìbá sì ti parẹ́ kúrò lórí ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní àkókò tí a mọ̀ sí &quot;Second Intermediate Period&quot; ní Egypt, àwọn ará Kush dé góńgó agbára wọn ní àsìkò &quot;Bronze Age,&quot; wọ́n sì ní àkóso kíkún lórí iṣẹ́-òwò ní apá gúúsù ilẹ̀ Egypt.[1]:41 Wọ́n ní àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ará Thebes àti Hyksos títí di ìgbà tí àwọn ọba (pharaohs) ti àsìkò &quot;New Kingdom&quot; fi gbogbo agbègbè Nubia sábẹ́ ìṣàkóso Egypt láàárín ọdún 1500 sí 1070 BC.[1]:41 Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1070 BC, ìforígbárí tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú Egypt, èyí sì mú kí àwọn ará Nubia kó ara wọn jọ sí agbègbè Upper Nubia.[1]:58 Láàárín ọdún igba (200), ìjọba àwọn ará Kush tí ó ti dúró dáadáa, tí ó sì ní olú-ìlú rẹ̀ ní Napata, bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní lo agbára àti ipa rẹ̀ lórí apá Gúúsù (Upper) ilẹ̀ Egypt.&lt;ref name=&quot;OConnor&quot; /&gt;{{rp|58–59}}

==== Lower Nubia ====
Nígbà tí àwọn ará Íjíbítì ti àsìkò &quot;Middle Kingdom&quot; kúrò ní agbègbè Napata ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1700 ṣáájú Sàkókò Tiwa (BC), wọ́n fi ogún àṣà tí ó wà pẹ́ títí sílẹ̀, èyí tí ó wá dàpọ̀ mọ́ àwọn àṣà àbínibí ti àwọn ènìyàn ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot;. Àwọn ará Íjíbítì tí wọ́n ṣẹ́kù ní àwọn ìlú ológun bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní dara pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ará Nubia ti ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot; ní agbègbè Lower Nubia. Àwọn ènìyàn ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot; yára gba àwọn àṣà àti ìṣe àwọn ará Íjíbítì, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe lè rí nínú àwọn ibojì wọn, wọ́n sì gbé pẹ̀lú àwọn ará Íjíbítì tí wọ́n ṣẹ́kù ní àwọn ìlú ológun náà.[1]:41 Lẹ́yìn tí agbègbè Upper Nubia ti gba Lower Nubia mọ́ ara rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1700 BC, Ìjọba Kush bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ṣàkóso agbègbè náà. Ní àkókò yìí, àwọn ará Nubia ti ẹgbẹ́ &quot;C-group&quot; àti àwọn ará Íjíbítì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi hàn nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ wọn pé àwọn jẹ́ olóòótọ́ sí Ọba Kush.[1]:41 Íjíbítì gba Lower Nubia àti Upper Nubia ní àárín ọdún 1500 sí 1070 BC. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, Ìjọba Kush pẹ́ ju Íjíbítì lọ ní àkókò ìwàláàyè rẹ̀..&lt;ref name=&quot;Osypiński II&quot; /&gt;

==== Egypt in Nubia ====
[[Fáìlì:Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut,_18th_dynasty,_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg|thumb|Nubian Prince [[Heqanefer]] bringing tribute for King [[Tutankhamun]], 18th dynasty, Tomb of Huy. Circa 1342 – c. 1325 BC]]
[[Fáìlì:TurinPapyrus1.jpg|right|thumb|The Turin Papyrus Map, dating to about 1160 BC]]
Lẹ́yìn tí ìjọba Theban 17th ti ìjọba Íjíbítì (tó wà ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1532–1070 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni) lé àwọn ará Kénáánì Hyksos kúrò ní Íjíbítì, wọ́n yí ìfẹ́ ọkàn wọn padà sí Nubia. Nígbà tí ó fi máa di òpin ìjọba Thutmose Kìíní (ọdún 1520 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni), gbogbo ilẹ̀ Nubia ti di èyí tí a ti gbà. Lẹ́yìn ogun gígùn kan, Íjíbítì tún ṣẹ́gun ìjọba Kerma ní Upper Nubia, ó sì di agbègbè méjèèjì títí di ọdún 1070 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni.[1]:101–102[2]:25 Ìjọba Íjíbítì gbòòrò sí Cataract Kẹrin, wọ́n sì kọ́ ilé ìṣàkóṣo tuntun kan ní Napata, èyí tí ó di ibi tí wọ́n ti ń ṣe wúrà àti tùràrí.[3][4] Íjíbítì di orísun wúrà pàtàkì ní Àárín Gbùngbùn Ìlà Oòrùn. Diodorus Siculus kọ àwọn ipò iṣẹ́ ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ fún àwọn ẹrú sílẹ̀.[5] Ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn àwòrán ilẹ̀ tó pẹ́ jù tí a mọ̀ ni ti ibi ìwakùsà wúrà ní Nubia: Máàpù Turin Papyrus tó wà ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1160 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni; ó tún jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn àwòrán ilẹ̀ tó pẹ́ jù lọ tí ó wà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;[[James R. Akerman]]; Robert W. Karrow (2007). Maps: Finding Our Place in the World. University of Chicago Press. {{ISBN|978-0-226-01075-5}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ará Nubia jẹ́ apá pàtàkì nínú àwùjọ àwọn ará Egypt tí ó wà ní New Kingdom. Àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé kan sọ pé àwọn ará Nubia wà nínú ìdílé ọba Egypt ní ọdún 18th.[1] Àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé bíi Flinders Petrie rò pé Ahmose-Nefertari, “obìnrin tí a bọ̀wọ̀ fún jùlọ nínú ìtàn Egypt”,[2] jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nubia nítorí pé wọ́n sábà máa ń fi awọ dúdú ṣe àwòrán rẹ̀.[3][4]:17[5] Wọ́n ti ṣàpèjúwe ìyá baba Ahmose-Nefertari, Seqenenre Tao, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó ní “irun tí ó dì, tí ó ní irun àgùntàn,” pẹ̀lú “ìrísí díẹ̀ àti àwọn ẹ̀yà ara Nubia tí ó lágbára”.[6] Àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé òde òní kan tún gbàgbọ́ pé nínú àwọn àwòrán kan, àwọ̀ ara rẹ̀ ń fi ipa rẹ̀ hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí abo-ọlọ́run àjíǹde, nítorí pé dúdú jẹ́ àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ ọlọ́ràá ti Íjíbítì àti ti ayé abẹ́ ilẹ̀.[7][8]:90[9][2][10]:125 Ṣùgbọ́n, kò sí àwòrán tí a mọ̀ nípa rẹ̀ nígbà ayé rẹ̀ (a fi awọ funfun kan náà ṣojú rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ènìyàn mìíràn tí a ṣojú fún nínú ibojì TT15, kí ó tó di òrìṣà); àwòrán awọ dúdú àkọ́kọ́ farahàn nínú ibojì TT161, c. Ọdún 150 lẹ́yìn ikú rẹ̀.:11–12, 23, 74–5[10]:125 Onímọ̀ nípa ilẹ̀ Íjíbítì Barbara Lesko kọ̀wé ní ​​ọdún 1996 pé “àwọn ìran tó ń bọ̀ máa ń fi Ahmose-Nefertari hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tó jẹ́ dúdú nígbà míì, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwòrán àpótí rẹ̀ fún un ní awọ aláwọ̀ pupa fẹ́ẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ bíi ti àwọn obìnrin.”[11] Ní ọdún 2009, onímọ̀ nípa ilẹ̀ Íjíbítì Elena Vassilika, nígbà tó ń ṣàkíyèsí pé nínú ère onígi tí wọ́n fi ṣe ayaba (tó wà ní Museo Egizio báyìí) ojú rẹ̀ dúdú ṣùgbọ́n apá àti ẹsẹ̀ rẹ̀ fúyẹ́, ó jiyàn pé ìdí tí wọ́n fi ṣe àwọ̀ dúdú náà ni ẹ̀sìn kì í ṣe ti ìran.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Vassilika|first=Elena|title=I capolavori del Museo Egizio di Torino|date=2009|publisher=Fondazione Museo delle antichità egizie di Torino|isbn=978-88-8117-950-3|location=Florence|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|78–9}}
[[Fáìlì:Ramses_II_charging_Nubians.jpg|right|thumb|[[Ramesses II]] in his war chariot charging into battle against the Nubians. [[New Kingdom of Egypt|New Kingdom]] reliefs as seen in Rameses II temple, [[Beit el-Wali]], represented Nubians with dark reddish brown and jet black skin tones.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Emberling|first=Geoff|title=Nubia: Ancient Kingdoms of Africa|year=2011|publisher=The Institute for the Study of the Ancient World|location=New York|isbn=978-0-615-48102-9|pages=22–23, 36–37}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 1098–1088 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, Thebes jẹ́ “ibi tí ìjà ogun abẹ́lé ti ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín Àlùfáà Àgbà ti Amun ti Thebes, Amenhotep àti Igbákejì Kush Panehesy (= Nubian)”. Ó jẹ́ rúdurùdu, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ibojì sì ni wọ́n kó lẹ́rù. Dípò kí wọ́n rán àwọn ọmọ ogun láti mú kí ètò padà bọ̀ sípò, Ramesses XI fi Panehesy sí àkóso ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun agbègbè náà, ó sì yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Àgbà. Panehesy fi àwọn ọmọ ogun rẹ̀ sí Thebes láti dáàbò bo ìlú náà lọ́wọ́ àwọn olè, ṣùgbọ́n ó dàbí ìgbà tí wọ́n gba ìlú Thebes lọ́wọ́ Àlùfáà Àgbà, èyí tí ó yọrí sí Ogun Abẹ́lé ní Thebes lẹ́yìn náà.[1]:104–105 Nígbà tí ó fi di ọdún 1082 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, Ramesses XI fi ìrànlọ́wọ́ ránṣẹ́ sí Àlùfáà Àgbà. Panehesy tẹ̀síwájú nínú ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ rẹ̀, ìlú Thebes sì jìyà “ogun, ìyàn, àti ìkógun” [1]:106 Panehesy kọ́kọ́ ṣe àṣeyọrí, Àlùfáà Àgbà sì sá kúrò ní Thebes. Panehesy lépa Àlùfáà Àgbà títí dé Àárín Gbùngbùn Íjíbítì kí àwọn ọmọ ogun Íjíbítì tó lé Panehesy àti àwọn ọmọ ogun rẹ̀ kúrò ní Íjíbítì sí Ìsàlẹ̀ Nubia.[1]:106 Ramesses rán àwọn olórí tuntun sí Thebes: Wọ́n pe Herihor ní Àlùfáà Àgbà tuntun ti Thebes (àti pé ó jẹ́ Ọba Gúúsù Íjíbítì) àti Paiankh ni Igbákejì tuntun ti Kush. Paiankh gba àwọn ohun ìní Íjíbítì tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Ìsàlẹ̀ Nubia títí dé ìṣàn omi Náílì kejì, ṣùgbọ́n kò lè ṣẹ́gun Panehesy ní Ìsàlẹ̀ Nubia, ẹni tí ó jọba ní agbègbè náà títí di ìgbà ikú rẹ̀.[1]:106 Àwọn ọmọ Herihor di alákòóso àwọn Ìbílẹ̀ 21 àti 22 ti Íjíbítì.&lt;ref name=&quot;Osypiński II&quot; /&gt;

=== Napatan Empire (750–542 BC) ===
{{Main|Kingdom of Kush}}
[[Fáìlì:Pyramids_of_Nuri_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|Pyramids of Kushite rulers at [[Nuri]]]]
[[Fáìlì:Pyramid_of_Taharqa_at_Nuri.jpg|thumb|Pyramid of Taharqa at Nuri, 51.75m in side length and possibly as much as 50m high, was the largest built in Sudan.[https://www.academia.edu/37204924/Taharqa_Routed_by_Assarhaddon_Memphis_Sacked_Kush_Ethiopia_Driven_from_Lower_Egypt_Part_VIII_2010_]]]
[[Fáìlì:Pharaoh_Taharqa_of_Ancient_Egypt's_25th_Dynasty.jpg|thumb|Pharaoh Taharqa of Ancient Egypt's 25th Dynasty. Ashmolean Museum, Oxford UK]]
Àwọn ẹ̀kọ́ tó ń tako ara wọn wà lórí ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ àwọn ọba Kushite ti ìjọba ọba 25th:[1] àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé kan gbàgbọ́ pé àwọn ni àwọn aláṣẹ Nubian tí wọ́n kọ́ “ìṣètò ìpele ìjọba” nípa ṣíṣàkóso Nubia tí àwọn ará Egypt ń ṣàkóso láti ọdún 1500 sí 1070 BC,[2]:59 bíi Viceroy ti Kush, Panehesy, tí ó ṣàkóso Upper Nubia àti díẹ̀ lára ​​àwọn ọmọ ogun ilẹ̀ Egypt lẹ́yìn tí àwọn ọmọ ogun ilẹ̀ Egypt ti kúrò.[3]:110 Àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé mìíràn gbàgbọ́ pé wọ́n wá láti ìdílé àwọn ọmọ ogun Nubian ará Egypt tí wọ́n ti di ará Egypt tí àwọn àlùfáà tàbí àwọn olùgbé ilẹ̀ Egypt ń tọ́jú.[4][5][6][1] Àwọn ọmọ ìdílé Nubian tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ ogun ni wọ́n rán lọ sí Íjíbítì láti kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́, lẹ́yìn náà ni wọ́n dá wọn padà sí Kush láti yan wọ́n sí ipò ìjọba láti rí i dájú pé wọ́n jẹ́ olóòótọ́. Nígbà tí àwọn ará Egypt ń ṣàkóso Nubia, àwọn ìlú tẹ́ḿpìlì wà pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ìsìn ará Egypt, ṣùgbọ́n “ìṣẹ̀dá àti pípínpín” dá lórí àwọn ètò àwùjọ onílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Torok&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Török, László|title=The Kingdom of Kush: Handbook of the Napatan-Meroitic Civilization|publisher=BRILL|location=Leiden|year=1998|isbn=90-04-10448-8|pages=132–133, 153–184}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|111}}

Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìjọba El Kurru kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè Ìjọba Kush nítorí wíwọlé sí àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n ń ṣe wúrà, ìṣàkóso àwọn ipa ọ̀nà ọkọ̀ akẹ́rù,[1]:112 ilẹ̀ oko tí ó túbọ̀ dára sí i, àti ìkópa nínú ìṣòwò àgbáyé.[1]:121 &quot;Kò sí iyèméjì pé el-Kurru ni ibi ìsìnkú àwọn baba ńlá ti Ìjọ́ba Karùndínlọ́gbọ̀n.&quot;[1]:112 Àwọn ìsìnkú el-Kurru ìṣáájú jọ àṣà Nubian Kerma/C-group (ara tí a fọwọ́ sí, àwọn ilé òkúta yíká, ìsìnkú lórí ibùsùn).[1]:121 Ṣùgbọ́n, ní ọdún 880–815 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, ìsìnkú Nubian ní el-Kurru di àṣà àwọn ará Íjíbítì pẹ̀lú &quot;mastabas, tàbí pírámìdì lórí mastabas, àwọn ilé ìjọsìn, àti àwọn ibi ìpamọ́ onígun mẹ́rin&quot;.[1]:117,121–122 Alara, ọmọ-aládé el-Kurru àkọ́kọ́, àti ẹni tí ó tẹ̀lé e, Kashta, ni wọ́n sin sí el-Kurru..&lt;ref name=&quot;Torok&quot; /&gt;{{rp|123}}

Àwọn ìwé tó tẹ̀lé e mẹ́nu ba Alara gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdásílẹ̀ Oba 25th àti “olórí ìtàn àròsọ nípa ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìjọba náà”.[1]:124–126 Arábìnrin Alara ni àlùfáà Amun, èyí tó dá ètò ìyàsọ́tọ̀ ọba sílẹ̀ àti “èrò nípa agbára ọba níbi tí àwọn èrò àti ìṣe Kushite ti so pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn èrò ìjọba Íjíbítì òde òní”.[1]:144 Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n fi ọmọbìnrin Kashta, ọmọ ọba Kushite Amenirdis, jẹ aya Ọlọ́run ti Amun Elect àti lẹ́yìn náà Divine Adoratrice (tó jẹ́ gómìnà Upper Egypt), èyí tó fi hàn pé àwọn ará Kushite ṣẹ́gun àwọn ilẹ̀ Íjíbítì.&lt;ref name=&quot;Torok&quot; /&gt;{{rp|148}}

Ilẹ̀ Ọba Napatan mú ìgbà ayé àwọn ará Íjíbítì, tàbí ìpadà sí ìtàn àtijọ́, èyí tí a fi ìsapá pàtàkì ṣe láti tún ìsìn ṣe àti láti tún àwọn ibi mímọ́ Íjíbítì ṣe.[1]:169 Piye fẹ̀ sí Tẹ́ḿpìlì Amun ní Jebel Barkal[2] nípa fífi “àgbàlá iwájú ńlá kan tí ó ní àwọn ilé ìṣọ́” kún un.[1]:163–164 Shabaka tún àwọn ohun ìrántí àti tẹ́ḿpìlì ńlá Íjíbítì ṣe, “láìdàbí àwọn tí ó ṣáájú rẹ̀ ní Libya”.[1]:167–169 Taharqa sọ Thebes di ọlọ́rọ̀ ní ìwọ̀n ńlá kan.”[1] Ní Karnak, àwọn ilé Adágún Mímọ́, kíóstì ní àgbàlá àkọ́kọ́, àti àwọn ìloro ní ẹnu ọ̀nà tẹ́ḿpìlì ni Taharqa àti Mentuemhet kọ́ gbogbo wọn. Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ilé ìkọ́lé, àṣà Íjíbítì ní ipa lórí Ìjọba Kush gidigidi.[3][4][5] Ní ọdún 780 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, Amun ni ọlọ́run pàtàkì ti Kush àti pé “àwọn ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Thebes” ni a ń tọ́jú.[1]:144 Kush lo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ ọnà àti ìkọ̀wé Íjíbítì.[6] Àwọn ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n Nubian Wọ́n gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àṣà àwọn ará Íjíbítì, wọ́n sì fún àwọn ọmọ wọn ní orúkọ àwọn ará Íjíbítì. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn àṣà àti ìgbàgbọ́ àwọn ará Nubia kan (fún àpẹẹrẹ ìsìnkú) ṣì ń tẹ̀síwájú láti máa ṣe é,[1]:111 Ìsìn àwọn ará Egypt ló gbajúmọ̀ nínú àwọn èrò, ìṣe, àti àwòrán.[7] Ìsìn àwọn ará Egypt ti Nubia wà ní ipò gíga jùlọ ní àkókò Kashta àti Piye..&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nubia {{!}} Definition, History, Map, &amp; Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Nubia|access-date=23 July 2020|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Nubia in Egypt ====
{{main|Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt}}
[[Fáìlì:Kushite_heartland_and_Kushite_Empire_of_the_25th_dynasty_circa_700_BCE.jpg|thumb|Kushite heartland, and Kushite Empire of the [[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt]], circa 700 BC.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Dive beneath the pyramids of Sudan's black pharaohs|journal=National Geographic|date=2 July 2019|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/2019/07/dive-ancient-pyramid-nuri-sudan/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702180435/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/2019/07/dive-ancient-pyramid-nuri-sudan/|archive-date=2 July 2019|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Kushite Conquest of Egypt|website=SudanHistory.org|date=2 July 2022|url=https://sudanhistory.org/history_06_nubconegypt.htm/|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Taharqa's_kiosk._Karnak_Temple.jpg|right|thumb|Taharqa's [[kiosk]] and column, Karnak temple]]
Kashta di ọba ilẹ̀ òkè àti ìsàlẹ̀ Íjíbítì ní àlàáfíà pẹ̀lú ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ Amenirdis gẹ́gẹ́ bí Àṣà Àtọ̀runwá ti Amun ní Thebes.[1]:144–146 Àwọn alákòóso ìjọba ọba 23 kúrò ní Thebes sí Heracleopolis, èyí tí ó yẹra fún ìjà pẹ̀lú àwọn alákòóso Kushite tuntun ti Thebes. Láàárín ìjọba Kashta, àwọn ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n àti àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ Kushite di àwọn ará Íjíbítì ní pàtàkì.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rilly2008&quot; /&gt;

Ìlú Napata ni olú ìlú ẹ̀mí ti Kush, láti ibẹ̀ ni Piye (tí a kọ ní ìkọ̀wé Piankhi tàbí Piankhy nínú àwọn iṣẹ́ àtijọ́) ti gbógun ti Íjíbítì, tí ó sì gba ìṣàkóso rẹ̀.[1] Piye fúnra rẹ̀ ló ṣáájú ìkọlù sí Íjíbítì, ó sì kọ ìṣẹ́gun rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ nínú àwòrán gígùn kan tí a pè ní &quot;Stéèlì Ìṣẹ́gun&quot;.[2]:166 Àṣeyọrí Piye ní ṣíṣe ìjọba méjì lẹ́yìn ìran àwọn ọmọ Kushite tí wọ́n ti ṣètò láti inú &quot;ìfẹ́ Kushite, ọgbọ́n ìṣèlú, àti ìpinnu àwọn Theban láti tún Íjíbítì ṣe ní ọ̀nà yìí&quot;, kì í ṣe àárẹ̀ Íjíbítì, &quot;gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe sábà máa ń dámọ̀ràn nínú àwọn ìwádìí nípa Íjíbítì.&quot;[3] Nítorí ìwà àtijọ́, Piye lo orúkọ ọba Tuthmosis III, ṣùgbọ́n ó yí orúkọ Horus padà láti &quot;Àkọ màlúù alágbára tí ó farahàn (adé) ní Thebes&quot; sí &quot;Àkọ màlúù alágbára tí ó farahàn ní Napata&quot; láti kéde pé àwọn ará Kushite ti yí ìtàn padà wọ́n sì ti ṣẹ́gun àwọn ará Egypt tí wọ́n ti ṣẹ́gun Thebaid tẹ́lẹ̀.[2]:154 Ó tún mú ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ohun tó dára jùlọ nínú àwọn ìjọba àtijọ́ àti àárín padà: ìkọ́lé pírámìdì. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí akọ́lé alágbára, ó kọ́ pírámìdì tó pẹ́ jùlọ tí a mọ̀ ní ibi ìsìnkú ọba El-Kurru..&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkọsílẹ̀ ìtàn tí a tún ṣe, Shebitku “mú gbogbo Àfonífojì Náílì dé Delta lábẹ́ ìjọba Kush, wọ́n sì ‘gbà pé’ Bocchoris, ọmọ ọba Sais, ni wọ́n fi iná sun”.[1][2]:166–167 Shabaka “gbé olú ìlú lọ sí Memphis”.[2]:166 Arọ́pò Shebitku, Taharqa, ni wọ́n fi jẹ ọba ní Memphis ní ọdún 690 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni[2][3], ó sì ṣàkóso Upper àti Lower Egypt gẹ́gẹ́ bí Farao láti Tanis ní Delta.[4][1] Àwọn ìwalẹ̀ ní el-Kurru àti ìwádìí nípa egungun ẹṣin fihàn pé àwọn ẹṣin tó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n lò nínú ogun Kushite àti Assiria ni wọ́n ń gbìn síta láti Nubia. Àwọn ẹṣin àti kẹ̀kẹ́ ẹṣin ló ṣe pàtàkì nínú ẹ̀rọ ogun Kushite.&lt;ref name=&quot;Torok&quot; /&gt;{{rp|157–158}}

Ìjọba Taharqa jẹ́ àkókò aláásìkí ní ìjọba náà, pẹ̀lú ìkún omi odò Náílì tó pọ̀ gan-an àti ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ èso àti wáìnì.[1][2] Àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ Taharqa fihàn pé ó fún tẹ́ḿpìlì Amun ní Kawa ní wúrà púpọ̀.[3] Ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun rẹ̀ ṣe àwọn ìpolongo ológun tó yọrí sí rere, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti jẹ́rìí sí &quot;àkójọ àwọn ìjọba Asia tó ṣẹ́gun&quot; láti tẹ́ḿpìlì Mut ní Karnak àti &quot;ó ṣẹ́gun àwọn ènìyàn àti orílẹ̀-èdè (àwọn ará Libya, àwọn ará Shasu, àwọn ará Phoenicians?, Khor ní Palestine)&quot; láti inú àkọsílẹ̀ tẹ́ḿpìlì Sanam.[2] László Török sọ pé àṣeyọrí ológun jẹ́ nítorí ìsapá Taharqa láti fún ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun lágbára nípasẹ̀ ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ojoojúmọ́ nípa sísáré ọ̀nà jíjìn àti àníyàn Assiria pẹ̀lú Bábílónì àti Élámù.[2] Taharqa tún kọ́ àwọn ibùdó ológun ní àwọn odi Semna àti Buhen àti ibi olódi Qasr Ibrim..&lt;ref name=&quot;Torok&quot; /&gt;

Àwọn ìfẹ́ ọkàn ìjọba ọba ti Ilẹ̀ Ọba Asiria tí ó wà ní Mesopotamia mú kí ogun pẹ̀lú Ìlú Ọba 25 jẹ́ ohun tí kò ṣeé yẹ̀ sílẹ̀. Taharqa dìtẹ̀ mọ́ àwọn ìjọba Lefi láti lòdì sí Asiria:[1] ní ọdún 701 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, Taharqa àti àwọn ọmọ ogun rẹ̀ ran Juda àti Ọba Hesekiah lọ́wọ́ láti kojú ìdókòwò láti ọwọ́ Senakéríbù ọba Asiria (2 Àwọn Ọba 19:9; Isaiah 37:9).[2] Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn èrò ló wà (ọmọ ogun Taharqa,[3] àrùn, ìdásí àtọ̀runwá, ìyọ̀nda Hesekiah, ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn eku Herodotus) nípa ìdí tí àwọn ará Asiria fi kùnà láti gba Jerusalẹmu tí wọ́n sì sá lọ sí Asiria.[4] Àkọsílẹ̀ ìtàn Sennakéríbù ni wọ́n fipá mú Juda láti san owó orí lẹ́yìn ìdókòwò náà, Sennakéríbù sì di alákòóso agbègbè náà.[5] Ṣùgbọ́n, èyí lòdì sí lílo ètò ìwọ̀n ara Egipti nígbà gbogbo àti ìdádúró ogún ọdún nínú àpẹẹrẹ Assiria ti gbígbógun Khor leralera (gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ará Assiria ti ṣe ṣáájú ọdún 701 àti lẹ́yìn ikú Sennakéríbù).[6][7] Ní ọdún 681 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀ pa Sennakéríbù ní Bábílónì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 679 ṣáájú kí á tó bí Kristi, ọba Esarhaddon, tó gba ipò Sennakeribu, gbógun ní Khor, ó pa Sídónì run, ó sì fipá mú Tírè láti san owó orí ní ọdún 677–676 ṣáájú kí á tó bí Kristi. Esarhaddon gbógun ti Íjíbítì ní ọdún 674 ṣáájú kí á tó bí Kristi, ṣùgbọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkọsílẹ̀ Bábílónì ṣe sọ, Taharqa àti ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun rẹ̀ ṣẹ́gun àwọn ará Ásíríà ní tààrà.[1] Ní ọdún 672 ṣáájú kí á tó bí Kristi, Taharqa mú àwọn ọmọ ogun ìpamọ́ wá láti Kush, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti sọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ àpáta.[2] Íjíbítì ti Taharqa ṣì ní ipa lórí Khor ní àsìkò yìí bí Ba'lu, ọba Tírè, ṣe “gbé ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé rẹ̀ lé ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ Taharqa”. Ẹ̀rí mìíràn ni àjọṣepọ̀ Ashkelon pẹ̀lú Íjíbítì àti àkọsílẹ̀ Esarhaddon tí ó béèrè pé “bóyá àwọn ọmọ ogun Kushite-Egypt ‘ń gbèrò àti gbìyànjú láti jagun ní ọ̀nàkọnà’ àti bóyá àwọn ọmọ ogun Íjíbítì yóò ṣẹ́gun Esarhaddon ní Ashkelon”.[3] Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Taharqa ní Íjíbítì ní ọdún 671 ṣáájú kí á tó bí Kristi nígbà tí Esarhaddon ṣẹ́gun Àríwá Íjíbítì, ó gbà Memphis, ó sì fi owó orí lé wọn kí ó tó jáde.[4] Fáráò Taharqa sá lọ sí gúúsù, ṣùgbọ́n Esarhaddon kó ìdílé Fáráò, títí kan “Ọmọ-aládé Nes-Anhuret àti àwọn ìyàwó ọba”,[2] ó sì rán wọn lọ sí Ásíríà. Ní ọdún 669 ṣáájú kí ó tó di ọdún Kérésìmesì, Taharqa tún gba Mẹ́físì àti Delta, ó sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdìtẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ọba Tírè..&lt;ref name=&quot;Welsby&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Welsby|first1=Derek A.|title=The Kingdom of Kush|date=1996|publisher=British Museum Press|location=London, UK|isbn=0-7141-0986-X|pages=64–65|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Esarhaddon tún darí àwọn ọmọ ogun rẹ̀ lọ sí Íjíbítì, lẹ́yìn ikú rẹ̀ ní ọdún 668 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, àṣẹ rẹ̀ dé ọ̀dọ̀ Ashurbanipal. Ashurbanipal àti àwọn ará Asíríà tún ṣẹ́gun Taharqa, wọ́n sì tẹ̀síwájú títí dé gúúsù bíi Thebes, ṣùgbọ́n wọn kò tíì fìdí ìṣàkóso Asíríà múlẹ̀.[1] Wọ́n dá ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ náà dúró, Ashurbanipal sì yan Necho Kìíní, ẹni tí ó ti jẹ́ ọba ìlú Sais, gẹ́gẹ́ bí alákòóso ọmọ ogun rẹ̀ ní Íjíbítì. Ọmọ Neko, Psamtik Kìíní, gba ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìlú Nineveh ti Asiria nígbà ìjọba Esarhaddon. [àmì tí a nílò] Ní ọdún 665 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, àwọn alákòóso ọmọ ogun Sais, Mendes, àti Pelusium ṣì ń ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn [ìsàlẹ̀ alpha 1] sí Taharqa ní Kush.[2] Ashurbanipal àti gbogbo àwọn ọlọ̀tẹ̀ ló tú àṣírí ète àwọn ọmọ ogun náà, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n pa Necho ti Sais.&lt;ref name=&quot;Torok&quot; /&gt;

Tantamani, ẹni tó gba ipò Taharqa, rìnrìn àjò lọ sí àríwá láti Napata pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun ńlá kan sí Thebes, níbi tí wọ́n ti “fi í sí ipò ọba Íjíbítì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọba.”[1]:185 Láti Thebes, Tantamani bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìṣẹ́gun rẹ̀ ó sì gba ìṣàkóso Íjíbítì títí dé àríwá Memphis.[1]:185[2] Àlá Tantamani sọ pé ó dá ìṣètò padà láti inú ìrúkèrúdò náà, níbi tí wọn kò ti ń ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn tẹ́ḿpìlì ọba àti àwọn ìsìn.[1]:185 Lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣẹ́gun Sais tí ó sì pa Necho I, ọmọ ogun Assiria ní Memphis, “àwọn ọba kan ní agbègbè náà juwọ́ sílẹ̀ ní tààràtà, nígbà tí àwọn mìíràn padà sí àwọn odi agbára wọn.”.&lt;ref name=&quot;Torok&quot; /&gt;{{rp|185}}

Àwọn ará Kushite ní ipa lórí àwọn aládùúgbò wọn ní àríwá fún nǹkan bí ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún títí tí àwọn ará Asiria tí wọ́n gbógun tì wọ́n fi lé wọn kúrò. Àwọn ará Assiria fi ìjọba ọba 26 ti Íjíbítì sílẹ̀ lábẹ́ Psamtik I, wọ́n sì lé àwọn ará Kushite kúrò ní Íjíbítì ní nǹkan bí ọdún 590 BC.[1]:121–122 Àwọn ajogún ìjọba Kushite fi ìlú tuntun wọn sílẹ̀ ní Napata, èyí tí àwọn ará Egypt tún gbà ní ọdún 592 BC. Ìjọba Kushite náà wà fún ọdún 900 lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ti gbé wọn lọ sí gúúsù sí Meroë. Àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Nubia ti ilẹ̀ Egypt ń di ti àwọn ará Africa lẹ́yìn ìṣubú ìjọba ọba 25 títí tí Ayaba Amanishakhete fi gba ipò rẹ̀ ní ọdún 45 BC. [ìtọ́kasí tí a nílò] Ó dá ìpàdánù àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Íjíbítì dúró fún ìgbà díẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n lẹ́yìn náà kò ṣe àtúnṣe..&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot; /&gt;

=== Meroitic (542 BC–400 AD) ===
{{Main|Meroë}}
[[Fáìlì:Sudan_Meroe_Pyramids_2001.JPG|thumb|Aerial view at [[Nubian pyramids]], [[Meroe]]]]
[[Fáìlì:Archaeological_Sites_of_the_Island_of_Meroe-114987.jpg|thumb|Apedemak Temple at [[Naqa]]]]
Nítorí ìfúngun láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ará Ásíríà àti àwọn ará Íjíbítì, Meroë (800 BC – nǹkan bí 350 AD) di olú ìlú gúúsù ti Ìjọba Kush.[1] Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìwé Meroitic tí a ti túmọ̀ díẹ̀, orúkọ ìlú náà ni Medewi tàbí Bedewi. Meroë wà ní gúúsù Nubia ní etíkun ìlà-oòrùn Nile, ní nǹkan bí 6 km sí àríwá-ìlà-oòrùn ibùdó Kabushiya nítòsí Shendi, Sudan, àti ní nǹkan bí 200 km sí àríwá-ìlà-oòrùn Khartoum. Wọ́n mẹ́nu ba Meroë ní ọ̀rúndún kìn-ín-ní AD Periplus ti Òkun Erythraean: &quot;ní àárín gbùngbùn ilẹ̀, ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà sí ìwọ̀-oòrùn, ìlú kan wà tí a ń pè ní Meroe&quot;. Ní ọ̀rúndún karùn-ún BC, òpìtàn ará Gíríkì Herodotus ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí &quot;ìlú ńlá kan...tí a sọ pé ó jẹ́ ìlú ìyá àwọn ará Etiopia mìíràn.&quot;[2][3] Papọ̀, Musawwarat es-Sufra, Naqa, àti Meroë dá ​​Erékùsù Meroe sílẹ̀..&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;

Ìjẹ́pàtàkì ìlú náà pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Àkókò Meroitic, pàápàá jùlọ láti ìgbà ìjọba Arakamani (tó jẹ́ nǹkan bí ọdún 280 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni) nígbà tí wọ́n gbé ilẹ̀ ìsìnkú ọba lọ sí Meroë láti Napata (Jebel Barkal). Àwọn ìwakùsà fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé àwọn ìsìnkú Kushite pàtàkì, tí ó ga jùlọ láti Àkókò Napatan (tó jẹ́ nǹkan bí ọdún 800 – tó jẹ́ ọdún 280 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni) wà ní àyíká ibi tí wọ́n ń pè ní ibi ìsìnkú ìwọ̀ oòrùn. Wọ́n sin àwọn ọba wọn sí àwọn pírámìdì kéékèèké pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹ̀gbẹ́ gíga tí wọ́n dá lórí àwọn àwòrán Ìjọba Tuntun.[1] Nígbà tí ó ga jùlọ, àwọn alákòóso Meroë ń ṣàkóso Àfonífojì Náílì lórí ìjìnnà ìlà gígùn àríwá sí gúúsù tí ó ju 1,000 km (620 mi) lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Adams1977&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Adams|first=William Yewdale|title=Nubia: Corridor to Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f84VAQAAIAAJ|year=1977|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|isbn=978-0-691-09370-3|page=302}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ènìyàn ìgbà Meroitiki pa ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àṣà ìgbàanì mọ́ ní Íjíbítì, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n yàtọ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọ̀nà. Èdè Meroitiki ni wọ́n ń sọ ní Meroë àti Sudan ní àkókò Meroitiki (tí a jẹ́rìí sí láti ọdún 300 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni) kí ó tó di pé ó parẹ́ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 400 Sànmánì Kristẹni. Wọ́n ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ìkọ̀wé tiwọn nípa lílo àwọn àwòrán ara Íjíbítì kí wọ́n tó yípadà sí ìkọ̀wé aláfọwọ́kọ pẹ̀lú àmì 23.[1] Wọ́n pín sí oríṣi méjì: Meroitic Cursive, èyí tí a fi stylus kọ tí a sì lò fún ìtọ́jú gbogbogbòò; àti Meroitic Hieroglyphic, èyí tí a gbẹ́ sínú òkúta tàbí tí a lò fún àwọn ìwé ọba tàbí ìsìn. Kò yé e dáadáa nítorí àìtó àwọn ìwé èdè méjì. Àdàkọ́: Ṣàlàyé Àkọsílẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìkọ̀wé Meroitic bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti láàrín ọdún 180 sí 170 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni. Àwọn àwòrán ara Meroitic wọ̀nyí ni a gbẹ́ sórí tẹ́ḿpìlì Ayaba Shanakdakhete. A kọ Meroitic Cursive ní ìlà, a sì ń kà á láti ọ̀tún sí òsì gẹ́gẹ́ bí gbogbo àwọn ìwé ara Semitic.[2] Àwọn ènìyàn Meroitik ń jọ́sìn àwọn òrìṣà Íjíbítì àti tiwọn, bíi Apedemak àti ọmọ kìnnìún Sekhmet (tàbí Bast)&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;.

Meroë ni ipilẹ ijọba kan ti o n gbilẹ ti ọrọ rẹ da lori ile-iṣẹ irin ti o lagbara ati iṣowo kariaye pẹlu India ati China.[1] A gbagbọ pe iṣẹ irin ti waye ni Meroë, boya nipasẹ awọn ile-iṣẹ blooms ati awọn ile ina gbigbo.[2] Iṣakoso aarin ti iṣelọpọ laarin ijọba Meroitic ati pinpin awọn iṣẹ ọwọ ati awọn ile-iṣẹ kan le jẹ pataki ni iṣelu. Awọn aaye pataki miiran ni Musawwarat es-Sufra ati Naqa. Musawwarat es-Sufra, eyiti o jẹ Aaye Ajogunba Agbaye UNESCO bayi, ni a kọ ni okuta iyanrin. Awọn ẹya pataki rẹ ni Ile-itọju Nla, Tẹmpili Kiniun ti Apedemak (mita 14×9×5), ati Ile-itọju Nla. Ile-itọju Nla ni ile akọkọ ti aaye naa. Pupọ ninu ile nla ti o dabi labyrinth, eyiti o bo to 45,000 m2, ni a kọ ni ọrundun kẹta BC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=http://www.musawwarat.com/about-musawwarat/the-great-enclosure/ |access-date=2 September 2026 |archive-date=21 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121171520/http://www.musawwarat.com/about-musawwarat/the-great-enclosure/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ètò ibi tí wọ́n ń lò kò tíì jọra ní Nubia àti Íjíbítì ìgbàanì. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Hintze ti sọ, &quot;ètò ilẹ̀ tó díjú ti ilé gbígbòòrò yìí kò ní ìbáramu ní gbogbo àfonífojì Náílì&quot;.[1] Àwọn àgbàlá náà ní tẹ́ḿpìlì mẹ́ta (tó ṣeé ṣe), ọ̀nà àbáwọlé, àwọn ògiri ìsàlẹ̀ tí kò ní jẹ́ kí ohunkóhun kan ayé òde, nǹkan bí ogún ọ̀wọ̀n, àwọn gígun àti àwọn ibi ìdáná omi méjì.[2][3] Àríyànjiyàn kan wà nípa ète àwọn ilé náà, pẹ̀lú àwọn àbá ìṣáájú pẹ̀lú kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì, ilé ìwòsàn, àti àgọ́ ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ erin.[4] Arnekhamani ló kọ́ Tẹ́ḿpìlì Kìnnìún, ó sì ní àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ nínú àwọn àwòrán ara Íjíbítì, àwọn àwòrán erin àti kìnnìún ní ẹ̀yìn ògiri inú, àti àwọn àwòrán Apedemak tí a fi ṣe àfihàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọlọ́run orí mẹ́ta lórí ògiri òde.[5] Idáná Ńlá náà jẹ́ ohun pàtàkì láti pa òjò tó pọ̀ tó ní àsìkò kúkúrú àti òjò. Ó jẹ́ 250 m ní ìwọ̀n ìlà àti 6.3 m ní jíjìn.&lt;ref&gt;Claudia Näser; The Great Hafir at Musawwarat as-Sufra. Fieldwork of the Archaeological Mission of Humboldt University Berlin in 2005 and 2006. On: Between the Cataracts. Proceedings of the 11th Conference of Nubian Studies. Warsaw University, 27 August – 2 September 2006; In: Polish Centre of Mediterranean Aerchaeology University of Warsaw. PAM Supplement Series 2.2./1-2.&lt;/ref&gt;

Kandake (ti a maa n pe ni Candace ni ede Latin) jẹ ọrọ ti awọn eniyan Meroe n lo fun arabinrin ọba ilẹ Kush; nitori eto ajogunba ti o da lori ila idile iya, obinrin yii ni yoo bi ẹni ti yoo jẹ ọba ti o tẹle e, eyi si jẹ ki o di iya ọba. Gẹgẹbi oniwadi Basil Davidson ṣe sọ, o kere tan awọn ayaba ilẹ Kush mẹrin — Amanirenas, Amanishakheto, Nawidemak ati Amanitore — ni o ṣee ṣe ki wọn ti lo apakan igbesi aye wọn ni Musawwarat es-Sufra.[1] Pliny kọwe pe &quot;Ayaba awọn ara Ethiopia&quot; ni wọn n pe ni Candace, o si tọka si pe awọn ara Ethiopia ti ṣẹgun ilẹ Syria atijọ ati agbegbe Okun Mediterranean.[2] Ni ọdun 25 BC, Kandake ilẹ Kush ti a n pe ni Amanirenas — gẹgẹbi Strabo ṣe royin rẹ — kọlu ilu Syene (ti a mọ si Aswan loni) ti o wa labẹ iṣakoso Ijọba Romu; gẹgẹbi igbese lati gbẹsan, Emperor Augustus pa ilu Napata run.[3][4] Ninu itan Bibeli ti Majẹmu Titun, oṣiṣẹ kan ti o n ṣakoso iṣura &quot;Candace, ayaba awọn ara Ethiopia&quot;, ti o n pada lati irin-ajo rẹ si Jerusalemu, pade Filipi Onihinrere, o si gba baptisi..&lt;ref&gt;{{bibleverse||Isaiah|53:7–8|131}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{bibleverse||Acts|8:39|ESV}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Achaemenid period ====
[[Fáìlì:Xerxes_detail_Ethiopian.jpg|thumb|''Kušiya'' soldier of the [[Achaemenid army]], circa 480 BC. [[Xerxes I]] tomb relief.]]
[[Fáìlì:Marble_head_of_Nubian_denizen.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Marble portrait of a Nubian ca. 120–100 BC&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Head of a Man with Tight, Curly Hair|url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/objects/3790|access-date=18 October 2025|website=Brooklyn Museum|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Herodotus mẹnuba igbiyanju Cambyses II, ọba ilẹ Persia (ti idile Achaemenid), lati kọlu ilẹ Kush; sibẹsibẹ, o sọ pe &quot;igbiyanju rẹ kuna patapata ninu aginju&quot;.[1]:65–66 Derek Welsby sọ pe &quot;awọn ọjọgbọn ti ṣiyemeji boya irin-ajo ogun Persia yii tii waye ri, ṣugbọn... awọn ẹri lati ibi iwakusa fihan pe ile-iṣọ Dorginarti, ti o wa nitosi ibi isubu omi keji (second cataract), ni o ṣiṣẹ gẹgẹbi aala guusu ilẹ Persia.&quot;&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Welsby&quot; /&gt;{{rp|65–66}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Dandamaev|first1=M. A.|title=A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire|date=1989|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-09172-6|pages=80–81|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms30qA6nyMsC&amp;pg=PA80|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Curtis|first1=John|last2=Simpson|first2=St John|title=The World of Achaemenid Persia: History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East|date=2010|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0-85771-801-3|page=222|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IoQAAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA222|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Brosius|first1=Maria|title=A History of Ancient Persia: The Achaemenid Empire|date=2021|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJCUzQEACAAJ|isbn=978-1444350920}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Ptolemaic period ====
Ìjọba Ptolemy ti ilẹ̀ Gíríìsì, lábẹ́ àkóso Ptolemy Kejì Philadelphus, gbógun ti ilẹ̀ Nubia ní ọdún 275 ṣááju ìgbà tí wọ́n ń pè ní Sàkánì Àkókò Tiwa (BC), wọ́n sì gba apá àríwá ilẹ̀ náà tí ó gùn tó máìlì méjìlá sí abẹ́ àkóso wọn; agbègbè tí wọ́n wá ń pè ní 'Dodekaschoinos' (tó túmọ̀ sí 'ilẹ̀ tí ó gùn tó máìlì méjìlá') lẹ́yìn náà.[1] Ní àwọn ọdún 160s àti 150s ṣááju ìgbà tí wọ́n ń pè ní Sàkánì Àkókò Tiwa (BC), Ptolemy Kẹfà náà tún fi agbára ìjọba Ptolemy mú ipò àkóso rẹ̀ le lórí apá àríwá ilẹ̀ Nubia.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Török|first=László|title=Between Two Worlds: The Frontier Region Between Ancient Nubia and Egypt, 3700 BC-AD 500|publisher=Brill|year=2009|location=Leiden, New York, Köln|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=irbP2hHqDAwC|isbn=978-90-04-17197-8|pages=400–404}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;G325&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Grainger|2010|p=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ko si igbelesilẹ kankan ti o fihan pe ija wa laarin awọn eniyan Kush ati awọn Ptolemy. Sibẹsibẹ, iṣọtẹ nla kan waye ni opin akoko ijọba Ptolemy Kẹrin, o si ṣee ṣe ki awọn eniyan Kush gbiyanju lati dabọ si awọn ọrọ ijọba Ptolemy.[1]:67 A gbagbọ pe eyi ni o fa ki Ptolemy Karun pa orukọ Arqamani rẹ kuro lori awọn akọsilẹ ni Philae.[1]:67 &quot;Arqamani kọ yara iwọle kekere kan si tẹmpili ti Ptolemy Kẹrin kọ ni Pselchis, o si tun kọ tẹmpili kan ni Philae nibi ti Ptolemy ti ṣe iranlọwọ lati kọ yara iwọle kan.&quot;[1]:66 Ẹri wa ti o fihan pe awọn Ptolemy gba agbegbe kan ti o jinna si guusu titi de ibi ti a n pe ni 'Second Cataract' (ibi ti omi Odò Nile ti n ṣan laarin awọn apata nla ni ipele keji), ṣugbọn awọn ohun ti a ṣẹṣẹ ri ni Qasr Ibrim, gẹgẹbi &quot;ai si awọn ohun elo amọ ti awọn Ptolemy rara,&quot; ti mu ki a ṣiyemeji nipa bi iṣakoso wọn ṣe munadoko to.[1]:67 Awọn ija nipa ẹni ti yoo jọba fa ki awọn Ptolemy fi agbegbe naa silẹ, nitorinaa &quot;awọn eniyan Kush tun gba agbegbe naa pada labẹ iṣakoso wọn... pẹlu gbigba Qasr Ibrim&quot; (ti awọn eniyan Kush gba) ati fifi awọn ọmọ-ogun si awọn ibi miiran..&lt;ref name=&quot;Welsby&quot; /&gt;{{rp|67}}

==== Roman period ====
Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Welsby ṣe sọ, lẹ́yìn tí àwọn ará Róòmù ti gba ìṣàkóso ilẹ̀ Egypt, wọ́n ṣe àdéhùn pẹ̀lú àwọn ará Kush ní Philae, wọ́n sì fi ìpínelẹ̀ gúúsù ilẹ̀ Egypt lábẹ́ àkóso Róòmù sí Aswan.[1]:67 Theodore Mommsen àti Welsby sọ pé Ìjọba Kush di ìjọba tí ó wà lábẹ́ àkóso tàbí ìtọ́sọ́nà Róòmù, èyí tí ó jọ ipò tí ó wà nígbà ìṣàkóso àwọn Ptolemy ní Egypt. Ìfẹ́-ọkàn àwọn ará Kush láti gbòòrò sí i àti owó-orí tí ó pọ̀ jù tí Róòmù ń gba jẹ́ àwọn ìdí méjì tí wọ́n rò pé ó fa ìdìtẹ̀ tí àwọn ọmọ-ogun Kush ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún.[1]:67–68 Àwọn òpìtàn ìgbàanì, Strabo àti Pliny, ṣe àlàyé nípa ìforígbárí náà pẹ̀lú ilẹ̀ Egypt lábẹ́ àkóso Róòmù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Relief_of_Arikankharer_slaying_his_enemies_(Worcester_Art_Mus_1922.145)_01.jpg|right|thumb|Meroitic prince Arikhankharer smiting his enemies, first century AD ([[Worcester Art Museum]], Worcester, MA)]]
Strabo ṣe apejuwe ogun kan pẹlu awọn ara Romu ni ọrundun akọkọ ṣaaju akoko Kristi (BC). O sọ pe awọn ara Kush &quot;kọlu ilu Aswan pẹlu ọmọ-ogun ti o ni awọn ọkunrin 30,000, wọn si fọ awọn ere ọba Romu... ni Philae.&quot;[1]:68 Wọn ri ori ere idẹ ti o tobi ju ti eniyan lọ, ti o jẹ ti ọba Augustus, ti a sin si ilẹ ni Meroë ni iwaju tẹmpili kan.[1]:68 Lẹhin awọn iṣẹgun akọkọ ti Kandake (tabi &quot;Candace&quot;) Amanirenas lori ilẹ Egipti ti awọn Romu n ṣakoso, awọn ara Kush padanu ogun naa, wọn si kọlu ilu Napata.[2] Isubu Napata ko mu iparun nla ba awọn ara Kush, bẹẹ si ni ko dẹruba Amanirenas to lati da a duro lati tun ba awọn ọmọ-ogun Romu ja. Ni ọdun 22 BC, ẹgbẹ ọmọ-ogun nla ti awọn ara Kush gbe lọ si ariwa pẹlu ero lati kọlu Qasr Ibrim.[3] Nigbati wọn fun Petronius ni iroyin nipa gbigbe wọn yii, o tun rin irin-ajo lọ si guusu, o si ṣaṣeyọri lati de Qasr Ibrim ki o si mu aabo rẹ lagbara ṣaaju ki awọn ara Kush ti n bọ fun ogun to de. Welsby sọ pe lẹhin ikọlu awọn ara Kush lori Primis (Qasr Ibrim),[1]:69–70 awọn ara Kush ran awọn aṣoju lati wa ọna fun adehun alaafia pẹlu Petronius, eyi si ṣaṣeyọri pẹlu awọn ipo ti o dara fun wọn.[2] Iṣowo laarin awọn orilẹ-ede mejeeji pọ si, wọn si fa aala laarin Romu ati Egipti gbooro titi de &quot;Hiera Sykaminos (Maharraqa).&quot;[172]:149[1]:70 Eto yii &quot;mu alaafia wa fun pupọ julọ ninu ọdun 300 ti o tẹle e,&quot; ko si si &quot;ẹri ti o daju nipa awọn ija miiran ti o waye lẹhin rẹ.&quot;[1]:70&lt;ref name=&quot;NubianFoundation&quot; /&gt;

Ni akoko yii, a pin awọn apakan oriṣiriṣi agbegbe naa si awọn ẹgbẹ kekere pẹlu awọn oludari (tabi awọn olori ogun) tiwọn, ti olukuluku wọn n dari awọn ẹgbẹ kekere ti awọn ọmọ-ogun agbanisi-ṣiṣẹ. Wọn ja fun iṣakoso agbegbe ti a mọ ni bayi gẹgẹbi Nubia ati awọn agbegbe ti o wa ni ayika rẹ, eyi si jẹ ki gbogbo agbegbe naa di alailagbara ati ni ewu ikọlu. Ni ipari, Ijọba Aksum ti o ṣẹṣẹ n dagbasoke ni guusu, ti Ọba Ezana n ṣe akoso rẹ, ṣẹgun Meroë. Wọn ri okuta iranti kan ti o ni kikọ ni ede Ge'ez, ti o jẹ ti oludari Aksum kan ti a ko darukọ orukọ rẹ ṣugbọn ti a gbagbọ pe o jẹ Ezana, ni ibi ti ilu Meroë ti wa tẹlẹ. Gẹgẹbi apejuwe ti a kọ ni ede Giriki, oun ni &quot;Ọba awọn ara Aksum ati awọn ara Omerite&quot; (iyẹn ni, Ọba Aksum ati Himyar). Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ọba yìí ti jọba ní àkókò kan ní nǹkan bí ọdún 330 Sànmánì Tiwa (AD). Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ògbógi kan túmọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀rí pé àwọn ará Axum pa ìjọba Meroë run, àwọn mìíràn tọ́ka sí pé àwọn ẹ̀rí láti ibi ìwádìí nípa àwọn ohun ìgbàanì fi hàn pé ìṣubú wáyé ní ti ọrọ̀-ajé àti òṣèlú ní Meroë ní nǹkan bí ọdún 300 Sànmánì Tiwa. Pẹ̀lúpẹ̀lù, àwọn kan ka òkúta ìrántí náà sí ìrànlọ́wọ́ ní ti ogun láti ọ̀dọ̀ Aksum sí Meroë láti dènà ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àti ìdìtẹ̀. Láti àkókò yẹn lọ, àwọn ará Róòmù bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní pe agbègbè náà ní Nobatia&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt;.

=== Christian Nubia ===
{{Main|Makuria|Nobadia|Alodia}}
[[Fáìlì:Autor_nieznany,_Biskup_Marianos_pod_opieką_Chrystusa_i_Matki_Boskiej._Malowidło_ścienne.jpg|thumb|Wall painting from [[Faras]], first half of 11th c AD, [[National Museum, Warsaw|National Museum in Warsaw]]]]&lt;!--[[File:A post-Meroitic era Nubian royal crown from Ballana Tomb 118 by John Campana.jpg|thumb|The crown of a local [[Nubian kings|Nubian king]] who ruled between the collapse of the [[Meroitic period|Meroitic dynasty]] in 350 or 400 CE and the founding of the Christian kingdom of Nubia in 600 CE. It was found in Tomb 118 at [[Ballana]] in Lower Nubia by the British Egyptologist [[Walter Bryan Emery|W.B. Emery]]]]--&gt;
Ni nkan bii ọdun 350 AD, Ijọba Aksum kọlu agbegbe yii, ijọba Meroitic si ṣubu. Awọn ijọba kekere mẹta ti awọn Kristiani rọpo rẹ: eyi ti o wa ni ariwa julọ ni Nobatia (ilu nla rẹ jẹ Pachoras; ti a mọ si Faras ni Egipti ode-oni) ti o wa laarin ibi isubu omi (cataract) akọkọ ati keji ti Odò Nile; ni aarin ni Makuria (ilu nla rẹ jẹ Old Dongola), ati ni guusu julọ ni Alodia (ilu nla rẹ jẹ Soba). Ọba Silky ti Nobatia ṣẹgun awọn Blemmyes, o si kọ akọsilẹ iṣẹgun rẹ sinu ogiri tẹmpili Talmis (ti a mọ si Kalabsha ni ode-oni) ni ede Giriki ni nkan bii ọdun 500 AD.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;

A ti mu ẹsin Kristiani wá si agbegbe yii ni ọrundun kẹrin: Bishop Athanasius ti Alexandria yan Marcus gẹgẹbi Bishop ti Philae ṣaaju ki o to ku ni ọdun 373 AD. John ti Ephesus ṣe akọsilẹ pe alufaa Miaphysite kan ti a npè ni Julian yi ọba ati awọn ọlọla ilẹ Nobatia pada si ẹsin Kristiani ni nkan bii ọdun 545 AD. O tun kọwe pe ijọba Alodia yi pada si ẹsin naa ni nkan bii ọdun 569. Sibẹsibẹ, John ti Biclarum kọwe pe ijọba Makuria yi pada si ẹsin Catholic ni ọdun kanna, eyi ti o fihan pe o ṣee ṣe ki John ti Ephesus ti ṣe aṣiṣe. Iyemeji si wa nipa ẹri John nitori akọsilẹ kan ninu itan ti Patriarch ti Greek Orthodox ti Alexandria, Eutychius ti Alexandria, ṣe; eyi ti o sọ pe ni ọdun 719 AD, ijọba Nubia yi ifaramọ rẹ pada lati ọdọ Greek Orthodox Church si Coptic Orthodox Church. Lẹhin ti Nubia ti gba ẹsin Kristiani ni ifowosi, ẹsin Isis ti Philae tun wa fun awọn eniyan Nubia. Aṣẹ Theodosius I (ọdun 390 AD) ko ni imuse ni Philae. Awọn igbiyanju nigba ti o ya lati fopin si ẹsin Isis fa ija pẹlu ohun ija laarin awọn eniyan Nubia ati awọn ara Romu. Nikẹhin, ni ọdun 453 AD, wọn fowo si adehun kan ti o mọ awọn ẹtọ ẹsin ibile ti awọn eniyan Nubia ni Philae.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;

Ni ọrundun keje, ijọba Makuria gbooro sii, o si di agbara ti o jọba lori agbegbe naa. O lagbara to lati da idagbasoke ẹsin Islam duro ni guusu lẹhin ti awọn Arabu ti gba ilẹ Egipti. Lẹhin ọpọlọpọ igbiyanju lati gba ilẹ naa ti ko ṣaṣeyọri, awọn oludari Musulumi tuntun ṣe adehun pẹlu Dongola, ti a mọ si *Baqt*, lati gba laaye fun ifọkanbalẹ ati iṣowo; eyi da lori sisan owo-ori lododun ti awọn eniyan Nubia yoo san fun Gomina Musulumi ni Aswan, eyi ti o ni awọn ẹrú ati awọn ohun miiran ninu; adehun naa tun ṣe idaniloju pe a o da eyikeyi ẹrú ti o sa lọ pada si Nubia.[1] Wọn tẹle adehun yii fun ọgọrun-un mẹfa ọdun.[1] Ni gbogbo akoko yii, awọn ohun akọkọ ti Nubia n ta si okeere ni eso *date* ati awọn ẹrú, botilẹjẹpe wọn tun n paṣipaarọ eyin erin ati wura fun awọn ohun elo amọ, aṣọ, ati gilasi lati Egipti.[2] Bi akoko ti n lọ, wiwa awọn oniṣowo Arabu mu ẹsin Islam wa si Nubia, o si rọpo ẹsin Kristiẹni diẹ diẹ. Lẹhin idaduro ninu sisan owo-ori ẹrú lododun, oludari Mamluk ti Egipti kọlu ilẹ naa ni ọdun 1272, o si kede ara rẹ gẹgẹbi oludari lori idaji ilẹ Nubia.[1] Botilẹjẹpe awọn igbasilẹ wa nipa Biṣọọbu Timothy ni Qasr Ibrim ni ọdun 1372, agbegbe iṣẹ rẹ pẹlu Faras. O tun han gbangba pe wọn ti yi ile ijọsin nla ti Dongola pada si mọṣalaṣi ni ọdun 1317.[3]&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;

Wiwa awọn Arabu ati awọn eniyan Nubia si Egipti ati Sudan ti ṣe alabapin si piparẹ idanimọ awọn eniyan Nubia lẹhin ti ijọba Nubia ti o kẹhin wo lulẹ ni ayika ọdun 1504. Pupọ julọ ninu awọn eniyan Nubia jẹ Musulumi ni akoko yii, ati pe ede Arabu ni ede akọkọ ti wọn n lo fun ibaraẹnisọrọ, ni afikun si ede abinibi wọn, eyi tii ṣe ede Nubia. A le rii ẹya pataki ti o ya awọn eniyan Nubia sọtọ ninu aṣa wọn (bi wọn ṣe n wọ aṣọ, ijó, awọn aṣa ati ilana, ati orin)..&lt;ref name=&quot;G325&quot; /&gt;

=== Islamic Nubia ===
{{main|Islamization of Sudan}}{{further|Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824)#Invasion of Nubia}}Ni ọrundun kẹrinla, ijọba Dongola ṣubu, agbegbe naa si pinya, awọn Larubawa si gba a mọra labẹ iṣakoso wọn. Awọn igba pupọ wa ti awọn Larubawa kọlu agbegbe naa, ti wọn si da awọn ijọba kekere silẹ ni awọn ọrundun ti o tẹle e. Apa ariwa Nubia wa labẹ iṣakoso Egipti, nigba ti apa gusu wa labẹ iṣakoso Ijọba Sennar ni ọrundun kẹrindilogun. Gbogbo agbegbe naa wa labẹ iṣakoso Egipti lakoko ijọba Muhammad Ali ni ibẹrẹ ọrundun kọkandinlogun, nigba ti o wa di agbegbe ti Ilu Gẹẹsi ati Egipti n ṣakoso pọ ni igba ti o ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt;

== Ìwádìí ìṣẹ̀dálẹ̀ ayé àtijọ́ ti ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ==
Paleo-demografi ti Nubians lati Oke Paleolithic si ipari 16th orundun BC ni Aleksandra Pudlo ṣe atupale. Awọn olugbe akoko Mesolithic ni a ṣe afihan bi logan ati giga, pẹlu asọtẹlẹ alveolar to lagbara. Lakoko Neolithic, Nubians ko logan ati kukuru, ni idaduro diẹ ninu asọtẹlẹ, ṣugbọn nini awọn iyipada apẹrẹ oju ati itọka imu dín. Lori akoko ti ọdun 8,500, awọn ẹya naa ti yi alefa akude kan. Awọn oriṣiriṣi awọn fọọmu ti ara ẹni ti o waye ni a kà ni abajade ti apapọ awọn ami-ara ọtọtọ meji, pẹlu Pudlo ti pari: &quot;Awọn ara ilu Nubian ko jẹ olugbe isokan. Bẹni oju-ọjọ tabi awọn ipo agbegbe kan pato ni agbegbe ti wọn gbe ni o ṣe iranlọwọ fun iru isokan.&quot; O ṣee ṣe pe awọn olugbe ni ipa nipasẹ awọn igbi ijira ti n bọ lati ariwa, ṣugbọn awọn agbeka wọnyi ko ṣe idiwọ awọn olubasọrọ leralera ti awọn eniyan Nubia pẹlu awọn agbegbe miiran siwaju guusu ni Afirika..&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Pudło|first=Aleksandra|date=1999|title=Population of Nubia up to the 16th century BC|url=https://www.academia.edu/33460334|journal=Anthropological Review|volume=62|pages=57–66|doi=10.18778/1898-6773.62.07|issn=2083-4594|doi-access=free|hdl=10593/3408|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọn ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn àbájáde ìwádìí kan ní ọdún 2016 lórí àwọn ìyókù egungun àwọn ará Nubia tí ó wà fún àkókò tí ó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà mọ́kànlá (11,000) ọdún: &quot;Ní àpapọ̀, àwọn àbájáde wa fi hàn pé ìyípadà ńlá wáyé nínú ìrísí egungun orí láàrin àkókò Mesolithic àti ti àwọn ènìyàn tí a mọ̀ sí 'A-group', nígbà tí kò sí ìyípadà pàtàkì kankan nínú ìrísí egungun orí láàrin àwọn 'A-group' àti àwọn ẹgbẹ́ àwọn àgbẹ̀ tí ó wá lẹ́yìn wọn. Ní ti egungun erékùn (ẹ̀rẹ̀kẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀), a rí ìyípadà tí ó tóbi jùlọ nínú ìrísí rẹ̀ láàrin àkókò Mesolithic àti ti 'A-group', ṣùgbọ́n a tún rí ìyàtọ̀ nínú ìrísí láàrin àwọn àgbẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ (àwọn ẹgbẹ́ A àti C) àti àwọn ẹgbẹ́ àwọn àgbẹ̀ tí ó wá lẹ́yìn wọn (àwọn tí ó jẹ́ ti àkókò Pharaonic àti Meroitic).&quot; Wọn sọ pé àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí jẹ́ nítorí àwọn nǹkan bíi bí àwọn ènìyàn ṣe ń bá ipò àyíká wọn mu (adaptation), wíwọlé àwọn ènìyàn tuntun, àti ìṣípò àwọn àgbẹ̀. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, àwọn òǹkọ̀wé náà parí ọ̀rọ̀ wọn nípa sísọ pé ó pọn dandan láti ṣe àfikún ìwádìí pẹ̀lú àwọn àpẹẹrẹ (samples) tí ó pọ̀ sí i, àti nípa lílo àpapọ̀ àwọn ọ̀nà ìtúpalẹ̀ ìrísí (morphometric analyses) àti ìwádìí nípa DNA àtijọ́..&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Galland|first1=Manon|last2=Van Gerven|first2=Denis P.|last3=Von Cramon-Taubadel|first3=Noreen|last4=Pinhasi|first4=Ron|date=9 August 2016|title=11,000 years of craniofacial and mandibular variation in Lower Nubia|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|article-number=31040|doi=10.1038/srep31040|doi-access=free|pmid=27503560|issn=2045-2322|pmc=4977491|bibcode=2016NatSR...631040G}}{{Creative Commons text attribution notice|cc=by4|from this source=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọdun 2003, onimọ-jinlẹ nipa awọn ohun-elo atijọ Charles Bonnet dari ẹgbẹ kan ti awọn onimọ-jinlẹ lati Switzerland lati ṣe iwakiri nitosi Kerma, wọn si ṣawari akojọpọ awọn ere nla ti a fi okuta granite dudu ṣe, ti n ṣe afihan awọn Farao ti Ijọba kẹkar dinlọgọrun (25th Dynasty) ti Egipti; awọn ere wọnyi wa ni ifihan ni Ile-iṣọ Aworan Kerma (Kerma Museum) ni bayi. Lara awọn ere naa ni awọn ti awọn Farao meji ti o kẹhin ninu ijọba yẹn, Taharqa ati Tanoutamon; a si ṣapejuwe awọn ere wọn gẹgẹbi &quot;awọn iṣẹ-ọnà ti o ga julọ ti o wa laarin awọn ti o ṣe pataki julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ iṣẹ-ọnà&quot;.[1] Iwadi lori iwọn ati apẹrẹ agbarkari (craniometric analysis) ti awọn egungun atijọ lati Kerma, eyiti o fi wọn wé awọn ẹgbẹ eniyan miiran ti o ti gbe ni Afonifoji Nile ati agbegbe Maghreb tẹlẹ, fihan pe wọn jọ awọn eniyan Egipti ti igba atijọ ti agbegbe Naqada (4000–3200 BC) ni apẹrẹ ara.[2] Iwadi lori awọn abuda eyin ti awọn egungun Kerma fihan ibatan pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn ẹgbẹ eniyan ti o ngbe ni Afonifoji Nile, agbegbe Horn of Africa, ati Ariwa-ila-oorun Afirika, paapaa julọ pẹlu awọn ẹgbẹ eniyan atijọ miiran lati aarin ati ariwa Sudan. Lara awọn ẹgbẹ eniyan ti a ṣe iwadi lori wọn, awọn eniyan Kerma ni o sunmọ julọ si awọn eniyan Kush ni agbegbe Upper Nubia, awọn ti o ni aṣa A-Group ni Lower Nubia, ati awọn ara Ethiopia.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Haddow|first1=Scott Donald|title=Dental Morphological Analysis of Roman Era Burials from the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1370585/1/HADDOW_PHD_THESIS.pdf|publisher=Institute of Archaeology, University College London|access-date=2 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn ọran ode oni ==
{{Further|Nubian people}}A pín agbegbe Nubia láàárín ilẹ̀ Egypt àti Sudan lẹ́yìn tí àkókò ìṣàkóso àwọn òkèèrè parí, tí wọ́n sì dá Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ti Egypt sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1953; lẹ́yìn náà, Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ti Sudan ya ara rẹ̀ sọ́tọ̀ kúrò ní ọ̀dọ̀ Egypt ní ọdún 1956.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt;

Ni ibẹrẹ awọn ọdun 1970, a fi agbara mu ọpọlọpọ awọn eniyan Nubia lati Egipti ati Sudan lati kuro ni ibi ti wọn n gbe, lati le pese aaye fun Adagun Nasser lẹyin ti a kọ awọn idido omi ni Aswan.[1] A le ri awọn abule awọn eniyan Nubia ni apa ariwa Aswan, ni eti iwọ-oorun odo Nile ati ni Erekusu Elephantine. Ni bayi, ọpọlọpọ awọn eniyan Nubia n gbe ni awọn ilu nla bii Cairo ati Khartoum.&lt;ref name=&quot;NubianFoundation&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://nubianfoundation.org/about-nubia/|title=About Nubia|date=2018|website=Nubian Foundation|access-date=31 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== DNA àtijọ́ ==
Ní ọdún 2014, wọ́n rí egungun ọmọdékùnrin kékeré kan nígbà tí wọ́n ń ṣe iṣẹ́ àwárí ní agbègbè tí a mọ̀ lónìí sí Wadi Halfa—èyí tí ó jẹ́ ti Àkókò Kristiani (ọdún 500-1400 AD)—tí ó sì wà ní nítòsí ibi tí a ń pè ní 'Second Cataract' ti Odò Nile ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Sudan. Àwọn àbájáde láti inú ìtúpalẹ̀ tí a mọ̀ sí Principal Component Analysis (PCA) fi hàn pé ẹni náà wà láàrin àwọn ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ará Áfíríkà àti àwọn ará Yúróòpù. Pẹ̀lúpẹ̀lú, wọ́n fi ẹni náà sínú ẹgbẹ́ 'mitochondrial haplogroup L5a1a', èyí tí í ṣe ẹ̀ka kan lára ​​ẹgbẹ́ 'haplogroup L5' àtijọ́ tí ó ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní Ìlà-oòrùn Áfíríkà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275031788|publisher=Emory University and Trinity College Dublin|last1=Sirak|first1=K.|last2=Armelagos|first2=G.|last3=Bradley|first3=D.|last4=Gamba|first4=C.|last5=Jones|first5=E.|last6=Pinhasi|first6=R.|date=2014|title=Ancient DNA analysis of an infant from Sudanese Nubia (ca 500–1400 C.E.)|s2cid=173527929}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìwádìí mìíràn ní ọdún 2015 ṣe àyẹ̀wò ẹni kan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nubia láti ibi ìwakùsà kan ní Kulubnarti. Wọ́n fojú díwọ̀n pé ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ agbègbè ẹni náà súnmọ́ ti àwọn ènìyàn agbègbè Àárín Gbùngbùn Ìlà-oòrùn (Middle East) àti ti àwọn ará Àárín Gbùngbùn àti Gúúsù Ásíà jù ti àwọn ènìyàn ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Sirak|first1=K.|last2=Fernandes|first2=D.|last3=Connell|first3=Sarah|last4=Pinhasi|first4=R.|date=2015|title=No longer the 1%: Optimizing ancient DNA yield from Saharan African samples|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275031861|publisher=Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Ireland}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sirak àti àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ (ní ọdún 2021) gba àti ṣe àyẹ̀wò gbogbo àkópọ̀ àbùdá apilẹ̀-ẹ̀dá (genome) ti àwọn ènìyàn mẹ́rìndínláàádọ́ta (66) láti ibi ìwalẹ̀-tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Kulubnarti, ní àríwá agbègbè Nubia láàrin ibi tí omi odò Náílì ti ń ṣàn pẹ̀lú ìṣòro (ti a mọ̀ sí 'cataract') kejì àti kẹta, nítòsí ààlà ilẹ̀ Egypt ti òde-òní; àwọn ènìyàn wọ̀nyí sì gbé ní àkókò ìgbàlódé Kristẹni, láàrin ọdún 650 sí 1000 AD. A gba àwọn àpẹẹrẹ wọ̀nyí láti ibi ìsìnkú méjì ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀. Àyẹ̀wò fi hàn pé àkópọ̀ apilẹ̀-ẹ̀dá wọn jẹ́ àdàpọ̀ láàrin àwọn ẹ̀yà ìran West Eurasian (láti apá ìwọ̀-oòrùn Eurasia) àti àwọn ẹ̀yà ìran Sub-Saharan tí ó jẹ mọ́ àwọn Dinka; níbi tí ó ti jẹ́ pé nǹkan bíi ìdá ọgọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (60%) jẹ́ ìran West Eurasian—èyí tí ó ṣeé ṣe kí ó ti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ará Egypt ìgbàanì wá, ṣùgbọ́n tí ó jọ ti àwọn ènìyàn agbègbè Levant ní Àkókò Bronze tàbí Iron—nígbà tí nǹkan bíi ìdá ogójì nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (40%) jẹ́ ìran tí ó jẹ mọ́ àwọn Dinka.

Awọn ibi-isinku mejeeji ko fi iyatọ nla han ninu ipin awọn ohun-ini ajogunba wọn lati agbegbe West Eurasia tabi lati ọdọ awọn eniyan Dinka. Awọn awari wọnyi, pẹlu wiwa awọn ibatan ti o wa laarin awọn eniyan ti a sin ni awọn ibi-isinku mejeeji gẹgẹ bi awọn itupalẹ ṣe fi han, fihan pe awọn eniyan ti o wa ni ibi-isinku R ati S jẹ apakan ẹgbẹ eniyan kan naa; eyi si ri bẹẹ laika awọn iyatọ ninu ọna isinku ati awọn ẹri ti a ri nipa igbesi-aye wọn—eyiti o fihan pe awọn ipele awujọ wa—si.

Bótilẹ́jẹ́pé àwọn ọmọ Nubia ti ìgbàlódé jọ àwọn ọmọ Nubia ti Kulubnarti ní ìrísí lójú-òkè (gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde PCA ṣe fi hàn), a rí i pé wọn kì í ṣe àwọn tí wọ́n wá tààrà láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ọmọ Nubia ti Kulubnarti láìsí àfikún àdàpọ̀ ẹ̀yà mìíràn tó wáyé nígbà tó yá. A ṣàkíyèsí pé àwọn ọmọ Nubia ti ìgbàlódé ní ìpín tó pọ̀ sí i nínú ìran agbègbè Sub-Saharan, pẹ̀lú ìyípadà nínú ìran wọn ti apá ìwọ̀-oòrùn Eurasia (West Eurasian) ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú èyí tí a rí nínú àwọn àpẹẹrẹ àtijọ́..&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Sirak|first1=Kendra A.|last2=Fernandes|first2=Daniel M.|last3=Lipson|first3=Mark|last4=Mallick|first4=Swapan|last5=Mah|first5=Matthew|last6=Olalde|first6=Iñigo|last7=Ringbauer|first7=Harald|last8=Rohland|first8=Nadin|last9=Hadden|first9=Carla S.|last10=Harney|first10=Éadaoin|last11=Adamski|first11=Nicole|last12=Bernardos|first12=Rebecca|last13=Broomandkhoshbacht|first13=Nasreen|last14=Callan|first14=Kimberly|last15=Ferry|first15=Matthew|last16=Lawson|first16=Ann Marie|last17=Michel|first17=Megan|last18=Oppenheimer|first18=Jonas|last19=Stewardson|first19=Kristin|last20=Zalzala|first20=Fatma|last21=Patterson|first21=Nick|last22=Pinhasi|first22=Ron|last23=Thompson|first23=Jessica C.|last24=Van Gerven|first24=Dennis|last25=Reich|first25=David|title=Social stratification without genetic differentiation at the site of Kulubnarti in Christian Period Nubia|journal=Nature Communications|date=14 December 2021|volume=12|issue=1|page=7283|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27356-8|doi-access=free|pmid=34907168|pmc=8671435|bibcode=2021NatCo..12.7283S}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹẹrẹ kan láti agbègbè Lower Nubia tí ó ní ìtàn pípẹ́, ní ibi ìwakùsà Sayala ní Nubia láàárín ọ̀rúndún kẹta sí kẹfà (AD), jẹ́ ti ẹgbẹ́-ẹ̀yà-àbùdá (haplogroup) mtDNA J1c..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Loufouma Mbouaka|first1=Alvie|last2=Gamble|first2=Michelle|last3=Wurst|first3=Christina|last4=Jäger|first4=Heidi Yoko|last5=Maixner|first5=Frank|last6=Zink|first6=Albert|last7=Noedl|first7=Harald|last8=Binder|first8=Michaela|date=2021|title=The elusive parasite: comparing macroscopic, immunological, and genomic approaches to identifying malaria in human skeletal remains from Sayala, Egypt (third to sixth centuries AD)|journal=Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences|volume=13|issue=7|page=115|doi=10.1007/s12520-021-01350-z|issn=1866-9557|pmc=8202054|pmid=34149953|bibcode=2021ArAnS..13..115L}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2022, wọ́n ṣe àyẹ̀wò DNA láti ara irun ẹni kan tí ó gbé ní àkókò Kerma (ní nǹkan bíi 4000 ọdún sẹ́yìn), àwọn àbájáde rẹ̀ sì fi hàn pé ó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ jíjinlẹ̀ nípa apilẹ̀-ẹ̀dá (genetic affinity) pẹ̀lú àwọn olùtọ́jú ẹran àkọ́kọ́ láti agbègbè Rift Valley ní ìlà-oòrùn Áfíríkà ní àkókò Pastoral Neolithic; àwọn ènìyàn wọ̀nyí ní nǹkan bíi ìdá 40 nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (40%) àbínibí láti apá ìwọ̀-oòrùn Eurasia, èyí tí ó wá láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn àkókò Levant Chalcolithic. Àbájáde yìí bá ìtàn ìṣí lọ sí gúúsù ti àwọn ènìyàn olùtọ́jú ẹran lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ odò Nile mu, lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ti fi ìdí kalẹ̀ sí agbègbè Kadruka láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún karùn-ún ṣááju ìgbà tí a wà yìí (5th millennium BC).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Wang|first1=Ke|last2=Bleasdale|first2=Madeleine|last3=Le Moyne|first3=Charles|last4=Freund|first4=Cacilia|last5=Krause|first5=Johannes|last6=Boivin|first6=Nicole|last7=Schiffels|first7=Stephan|date=3 December 2022|title=4000-year-old hair from the Middle Nile highlights unusual ancient DNA degradation pattern and a potential source of early eastern Africa pastoralists|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=12|issue=1|page=20939|doi=10.1038/s41598-022-25384-y|doi-access=free|pmid=36463384|pmc=9719486|bibcode=2022NatSR..1220939W|issn=2045-2322}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Prendergast|first1=Mary E.|display-authors=etal|date=2019-07-05|title=Ancient DNA reveals a multistep spread of the first herders into sub-Saharan Africa|journal=Science|language=en|volume=365|issue=6448|article-number=eaaw6275|doi=10.1126/science.aaw6275|pmid=31147405|pmc=6827346|bibcode=2019Sci...365.6275P}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nubian Images ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fáìlì:Nubian._Female_Figurine,_ca._3500-3100_B.C.E.jpg|Nubian [[terracotta]] female figurine from the Neolithic period ca. 3500–3100 BC [[Brooklyn Museum]]
Fáìlì:Nubian_king_with_bow,_Buhen_Fortress.jpg|Nubian king with bow, Buhen Fortress, 1650 BC, Univ. of Chicago Museum
Fáìlì:Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun,_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg|Nubian Tribute Presented to the King, Tomb of Huy MET DT221112
Fáìlì:Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut,_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg|Nubians bringing tribute for King Tut, Tomb of Huy
Fáìlì:Gebel_Barkal_Amun_temple_(B500).JPG|Temple of Amun, Jebel Barkal
Fáìlì:Nubia-_2008-_Piramidi_Khartoum-2.jpg|Entrance to Great Enclosure, [[Musawwarat es-Sufra]]
Fáìlì:Archaeological_Sites_of_the_Island_of_Meroe-114985.jpg|Column and elephant – part of temple complex in [[Musawwarat es-Sufra]]
Fáìlì:A_great_pyramid_at_Meroe_in_1821.jpg|Pyramid of Amanishakheto
Fáìlì:Amanishakheto_Jewellery_03.jpg|Jewelry of [[Kandake]] [[Amanishakheto]]
Fáìlì:Lion_temple_relief,_Naga_(Sudan).jpg|Copy of relief from [[Naqa]] depicting [[Amanitore]] (second from left), [[Natakamani]] (second from right) and two princes approaching a three-headed [[Apedemak]].
Fáìlì:The_Archer_King,_National_Museum_of_Sudan,_Khartoum,_Sudan,_North-East_Africa_(cropped).jpg|The &quot;Archer King&quot;, an unknown king of Meroe, 3rd century BC. [[National Museum of Sudan]].
Fáìlì:Nieznany_-_Malowidło_ścienne_-_Biskup_Petros_pod_opieką_Św._Piotra-1.jpg|Bishop Petros, Christian Nubia
Fáìlì:Jebel_Sheikh_Suleiman.jpg|The [[Relief of Gebel Sheikh Suleiman]] probably shows the victory of an early Pharaoh, possibly [[Djer]], over A-Group Nubians circa 3000 BC.
Fáìlì:Christian_wall_painting_from_Kalabsha,_Nubia.png|Now gone Christian Nubian wall painting in the [[Temple of Kalabsha]]
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== See also ==

* [[Doukki Gel]]
* [[Kerma culture]]
* [[List of monarchs of Kerma]]
* [[Kingdom of Kush]]
* [[List of monarchs of Kush]]
* [[Napata]]
* [[Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt family tree]]
* [[Meroë]]
* [[Kandake]], Queens of Meroe
* [[Military of ancient Nubia]]
* [[Nubian pyramids]]
* [[Nubiology]]
* [[Merowe Dam]]
* [[Aethiopia]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==

* Adams, William Y. (1977): ''Nubia: Corridor to Africa'', London.
* {{Cite journal|last=Adams|first=William Y.|date=February–March 1980|title=Nubia's corridor of time: From the kingdom of Kush to the triumph of Islam|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/in/documentViewer.xhtml?v=2.1.196&amp;id=p::usmarcdef_0000074755&amp;file=/in/rest/annotationSVC/DownloadWatermarkedAttachment/attach_import_5f9b266d-d651-4d81-bff4-4e38018bc57e%3F_%3D074755engo.pdf&amp;locale=en&amp;multi=true&amp;ark=/ark:/48223/pf0000074755/PDF/074755engo.pdf#%5B%7B%22num%22%3A151%2C%22gen%22%3A0%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22XYZ%22%7D%2Cnull%2Cnull%2C0%5D|journal=UNESCO Courrier|volume=Victory in Nubia: The greatest archaeological rescue operation of all time|pages=25–29}}
* Bell, Herman (2009): ''Paradise Lost: Nubia before the 1964 Hijra'', DAL Group.
* &quot;Black Pharaohs&quot;, ''National Geographic'', Feb 2008
* Bulliet et al. (2001): ''Nubia, The Earth and Its Peoples'', pp.&amp;nbsp;70–71, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
* Drower M. (1970): ''Nubia A Drowning Land'', London: Longmans.
* Emberling, Geoff (2011): ''Nubia: Ancient Kingdoms of Africa''. New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World.
* Fisher, Marjorie, et al. (2012): ''Ancient Nubia: African Kingdoms on the Nile''. The American University in Cairo Press.
* {{cite book|last1=Grainger|first1=John D.|title=The Syrian Wars|url=https://archive.org/details/syrianwars00grai|url-access=limited|date=2010|isbn=978-90-04-18050-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/syrianwars00grai/page/n299 281]–328|publisher=Brill}}
* Hassan, Yusuf Fadl (1973): ''The Arabs and the Sudan'', Khartoum.
* Jennings, Anne (1995) ''The Nubians of West Aswan: Village Women in the Midst of Change'', Lynne Reinner Publishers.
* O'Connor, David (1993): ''Ancient Nubia: Egypt's Rival in Africa'', Philadelphia, The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.
* Schellinger, Sarah M. (2022). ''Nubia''. London, UK: Reaktion Books Ltd.
* {{cite book|author-last=Raue|author-first=Dietrich|title=Elephantine und Nubien vom 4.-2. Jahrtausend v. Chr.|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|location=Berlin/Boston|year=2019|isbn=978-3-11-050105-6}}
* Thelwall, Robin (1982) 'Linguistic Aspects of Greater Nubian History', in Ehret, C. &amp; Posnansky, M. (eds.) ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20050403072826/http://thenubian.net/aspect.php The Archeological and Linguistic Reconstruction of African History].'' Berkeley/Los Angeles, 39–56.
* Török, László (1997): ''The Kingdom of Kush: Handbook of the Napatan-Meroitic Civilization''. Brill Academic Publishers.
* Valbelle, Dominique, and [[Charles Bonnet (archeologist)|Bonnet, Charles]] (2006): ''The Nubian Pharaohs''. New York: The American University in Cairo Press.

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category-inline|Nubia}}
{{EB1911 poster|Nubia}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190519102901/http://www.africankingdoms.com/ African Kingdoms]
* {{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20051027005838/http://www.ancientsudan.org/ Ancient Sudan Website]}}
* [https://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi1/1_retel1.htm Racism and the Rediscovery of Ancient Nubia]
* [http://medievalsaiproject.wordpress.com/ Medieval Sai Project]
* [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2550 &quot;Journey to Ethiopia, Eastern Sudan, and Nigritia&quot;] was written by [[Pierre Trémaux]] in 1862–63. It features extensive descriptions and drawings of Nubia.
* [http://digitalcollections.aucegypt.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15795coll11/id/3125 1960s Nubia Scrapbook]
* [http://nubianfoundation.org/ Nubian Foundation for Preserving a Cultural Heritage]

{{History of Nubia footer|state=collapsed}}{{Kushite Monarchs footer|state=collapsed}}{{Kushite religion footer|state=collapsed}}
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      <text bytes="5328" sha1="261ouc1iw6tw1o3truvqx8mejhkw242" xml:space="preserve">&lt;nowiki&gt;{short description|Nigerian civil servant and businessman|bot=PearBOT 5}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{Infobox officeholder|name=Obafemi Anibaba|office1=Federal Minister of Works|term_start1=March 2006|term_end1=September 2006|predecessor1=[[Adeseye Ogunlewe]]|successor1=[[Cornelius Adebayo]]|office2=Federal Minister of Communications|term_start2=September 2006|term_end2=January 2007|predecessor2=[[Cornelius Adebayo]]|successor2=[[Frank Nweke]]|birth_date=|birth_place=|death_date=|party=|Educational background=}}'''Obafemi Anibaba''' jẹ́ òṣìṣẹ́ ìjọba àti oníṣòwò ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí wọ́n yàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Iṣẹ́ Àpapọ̀ ní oṣù kẹta ọdún 2006, wọ́n sì tún yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2006 nígbà ìjọba Olusegun Obasanjo..&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/11/05/senate-suspends-n300bn-contract-report/comment-page-1/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Senate suspends N300bn contract report|date=November 5, 2009|author=Emmanuel Aziken|access-date=2009-11-13|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;esl&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.equipmentsolutionsandlogistics.com/directors.html|title=BOARD OF DIRECTORS|publisher=Equipment Solutions &amp; Logistics Services Ltd|access-date=2010-02-14|archive-date=2011-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710195159/http://www.equipmentsolutionsandlogistics.com/directors.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Obafemi Anibaba gba oyè bachelor ni Mechanical Engineering lati Yunifasiti ti Lagos o si gba oyè PhD ninu Engineering lati Yunifasiti ti Surrey. O ṣiṣẹ fun ọpọlọpọ ọdun ni Ile-iṣẹ Iṣẹ ati Gbigbe ti Ipinle Lagos. O ti ṣiṣẹ ninu igbimọ awọn ile-iṣẹ pupọ, o si jẹ Alaga, Ogun-Osun River Basin Development Authority ati Alaga, Femo Engineering (Nigeria). O wa ninu igbimọ First Bank of Nigeria, Jos Steel Rolling Company ati Allied Bank of Nigeria, o si jẹ Alaga ti Igbimọ Alakoso ti Lagos Polytechnic, Isolo.&lt;ref name=&quot;esl&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.triumphnewspapers.com/archive/DT11012007/obasanjo11107.html|title=Obasanjo reshuffles cabinet...Swears-in 6 new ministers|author=KABIRU YUSUF|date=January 11, 2007|work=Daily Triumph|access-date=2010-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn ipo minisita ==
Ìjọba Àpapọ̀ Nàìjíríà yan án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Iṣẹ́ ní oṣù kẹta ọdún 2006. Wọ́n gbé e lọ sí ipò Mínísítà fún Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2006.[1] Ó ṣe alága fún Ìgbìmọ̀ Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ Nàìjíríà ní Abuja ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún sí ogún oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2006.[2] Ó ṣí Ìgbìmọ̀ Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ fún Ìpèsè Iṣẹ́ Àgbáyé (USPF) lórí Àwọn Ọ̀nà fún Àṣeyọrí Ìwọ̀sí ní Nàìjíríà ní Èkó ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2006. Nínú ọ̀rọ̀ ìṣáájú rẹ̀, ó sọ pé USPF jẹ́ owó kan ṣoṣo láti mú kí iṣẹ́ náà rọrùn ní àwọn agbègbè ìgbèríko tí a ti mọ̀. Àwọn iṣẹ́ náà ni a ó ṣe nípasẹ̀ àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tó péye.[3] Ní ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2006, ó lọ sí ayẹyẹ kan níbi tí Ààrẹ Olusegun Obasanjo ti gé ìtẹ̀sí náà láti ṣí Olú Ilé-iṣẹ́ tuntun ti Ìgbìmọ̀ Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ Nàìjíríà ní Abuja.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ncc.gov.ng/newsletter/2006/Newsletter_Nov_Dec_06.pdf|title=New Corporate Headquarters Commissioned by President Obasanjo|date=November–December 2006|publisher=Nigerian Communications Commission|access-date=2010-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;esl&quot; /&gt;

Ní oṣù kíní ọdún 2007, Olusegun Obasanjo kéde àtúnṣe ìkẹyìn ti ìjọba rẹ̀. Lára àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ mìíràn, wọ́n yan Frank Nweke, Jr. gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ Àpapọ̀, nígbà tí Anibaba dúró gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Ìpínlẹ̀ ní Ilé Iṣẹ́ náà, ipò kan tí ó wà títí di ìgbà tí ìjọba tuntun ti Ààrẹ Umaru Yar'Adua dé ipò ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ àṣeyọrí lẹ́yìn náà ==
Ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2009, ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin lórí ìrìnnà tí Heineken Lokpobiri ṣe olórí, fi ìròyìn kan ránṣẹ́ sí ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin gíga tí ó fi hàn pé “àwọn àṣìṣe tí wọ́n fi ẹ̀sùn kàn” nínú ṣíṣe àdéhùn ọ̀nà láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá, wọ́n sì dámọ̀ràn pé kí wọ́n fi ẹjọ́ kan àwọn mínísítà iṣẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ Anthony Anenih, Adeseye Ogunlewe, Obafemi Anibaba, Cornelius Adebayo àti àwọn mìíràn fún ìwà ìbàjẹ́.[1] Àwọn ẹ̀sùn ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin àgbà fún àwọn aṣòfin náà ní nínú fífún wọn ní àdéhùn láìsí ìpèsè owó, àti fún àìṣàrò lórí èrè láti inú títà bitumen ńlá.[2] Ìjíròrò ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin lórí ìròyìn náà ti pẹ́..&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;esl&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}{{Cabinet of President Olusegun Obasanjo 2003-2007}}</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.
&lt;references /&gt;

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.
&lt;references /&gt;

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.
&lt;references /&gt;

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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      <text bytes="28321" sha1="1w9bqujvnk4mtg1v2ay5bxk2w36hlyt" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jeans.jpg|thumb|Àwọn jíìnsì méjì]]
[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé ''[[American Graffiti]]'' look.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè,{{Vague|reason=This isn't a question of &quot;tradition&quot;. We should be able to get a date, e.g., &quot;until 1875, most jeans were dyed with natural indigo&quot; or whatever|date=March 2023}} àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè,{{Vague|reason=This isn't a question of &quot;tradition&quot;. We should be able to get a date, e.g., &quot;until 1875, most jeans were dyed with natural indigo&quot; or whatever|date=March 2023}} àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ó súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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}}

Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[Shrinkage (fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[stone washing]].

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[Shrinkage (fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[stone washing]].

Lílọ àwọn kẹ́míkà &quot;[[Stone washing|acid wash]]&quot; láti fò aṣọ denim ni wọn ṣe pèlò fífi àwọn kẹ́míkà bí acryl resin, phenol, hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids áti beebelo bóo.&lt;ref&gt;''Der Preis der Bluejeans'' documentary by Studio Hamburg 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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      <text bytes="34435" sha1="d3svn0jo2qt7fj93f4t1wwohyxs64yy" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jeans.jpg|thumb|Àwọn jíìnsì méjì]]
[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[Shrinkage (fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[stone washing]].

Lílọ àwọn kẹ́míkà &quot;[[Stone washing|acid wash]]&quot; láti fò aṣọ denim ni wọn ṣe pèlò fífi àwọn kẹ́míkà bí acryl resin, phenol, hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids áti beebelo bóo.&lt;ref&gt;''Der Preis der Bluejeans'' documentary by Studio Hamburg 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

Botilejepe Aṣọ jìínsì yíya tàbí yíya aṣọ lójúnà áti ṣe ní òsó[[distressing]], mó ń wáyé bí aṣó bá ti gbó, ṣùgbọ́n ni ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn olùgbàtà aṣọ má ń yaá pẹ̀lú bi ó ṣe jẹ́ wí pé aso tí wọ́n bá yaa tàbí tí ó ní ojú gbígbó má ń tà kíá kíá. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, [[Emilio Pucci|Pucci]] ta &quot;embellished mid-rise boyfriend jeans&quot; fún £600 (US$860).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Am I too old for ... ripped jeans? |author-first=Laura |author-last=Craik |newspaper=[[The Times]] |page=11 |date=March 8, 2014 |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |access-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-date=July 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194903/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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      <text bytes="34436" sha1="axo8mlkpc9rd7lnp48a86axmb82g1m2" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jeans.jpg|thumb|Àwọn jíìnsì méjì]]
[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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}}

Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[Shrinkage (fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[stone washing]].

Lílọ àwọn kẹ́míkà &quot;[[Stone washing|acid wash]]&quot; láti fò aṣọ denim ni wọn ṣe pèlò fífi àwọn kẹ́míkà bí acryl resin, phenol, hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids áti beebelo bóo.&lt;ref&gt;''Der Preis der Bluejeans'' documentary by Studio Hamburg 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

Botilejepe Aṣọ jìínsì yíya tàbí yíya aṣọ lójúnà áti ṣe ní òsó [[distressing]], mó ń wáyé bí aṣó bá ti gbó, ṣùgbọ́n ni ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn olùgbàtà aṣọ má ń yaá pẹ̀lú bi ó ṣe jẹ́ wí pé aso tí wọ́n bá yaa tàbí tí ó ní ojú gbígbó má ń tà kíá kíá. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, [[Emilio Pucci|Pucci]] ta &quot;embellished mid-rise boyfriend jeans&quot; fún £600 (US$860).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Am I too old for ... ripped jeans? |author-first=Laura |author-last=Craik |newspaper=[[The Times]] |page=11 |date=March 8, 2014 |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |access-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-date=July 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194903/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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      <text bytes="36068" sha1="qyjrnr9vzhjunomx0zcxv9evy8bhhku" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jeans.jpg|thumb|Àwọn jíìnsì méjì]]
[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[Shrinkage (fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[stone washing]].

Lílọ àwọn kẹ́míkà &quot;[[Stone washing|acid wash]]&quot; láti fò aṣọ denim ni wọn ṣe pèlò fífi àwọn kẹ́míkà bí acryl resin, phenol, hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids áti beebelo bóo.&lt;ref&gt;''Der Preis der Bluejeans'' documentary by Studio Hamburg 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

Botilejepe Aṣọ jìínsì yíya tàbí yíya aṣọ lójúnà áti ṣe ní òsó [[distressing]], mó ń wáyé bí aṣó bá ti gbó, ṣùgbọ́n ni ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn olùgbàtà aṣọ má ń yaá pẹ̀lú bi ó ṣe jẹ́ wí pé aso tí wọ́n bá yaa tàbí tí ó ní ojú gbígbó má ń tà kíá kíá. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, [[Emilio Pucci|Pucci]] ta &quot;embellished mid-rise boyfriend jeans&quot; fún £600 (US$860).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Am I too old for ... ripped jeans? |author-first=Laura |author-last=Craik |newspaper=[[The Times]] |page=11 |date=March 8, 2014 |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |access-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-date=July 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194903/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ìyípadà aṣọ látàrí lílò ====

Bí ó bá pè, àwọn aṣọ denim yio bèrè sí ṣáá, lèyí tí àwọn kan ká kùn òun èsó lábé àwọn àpẹrẹ kòkan. Ní àwọn àkókò tí wọ́n wo, ojú sísá yio bèrè sí mi hàn lára àwọn aso na pápá jùlọ ní àwọn ibi tí ó bá ń rí lílọ ju. Ní ara ṣòkòtò jìínsì, àwọn apẹ̀rẹ̀ agbègbè be a má wá ní orí itan, ìgìtísè, àti àwọn agbègbè ẹyin orúnkún. Ara àwọn àmì apẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdámò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí òun ti ṣáá ní wọ̀nyí:

* Ìté Oyin (honeycombs) àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ojú ìlà sísá lẹ́yìn orókún

* Àwòrán fífasẹ́yìn lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (whiskers) –Dídán lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ibi awẹ́ (crotch) tàbí itan aṣọ jìnnsì, tí ó sì máa ń jọ irun imú ológbò.

* Àrà kíkárí aṣọ jìnnsì sí orí bàtà (stacks) –  Bí aṣọ ṣe máa ń kárí sínú tí ó sì ń peléke sí orí bàtà rẹ&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;/&gt;

* Àrà Ìlà lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (train tracks) – Àwọn ìlà funfun meji tí ó máa ń farahàn lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ itan aṣọ jìnnsì lẹ́yìn fífọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|title=The Denim Jeans Guide — Gentleman's Gazette|website=www.gentlemansgazette.com|language=en-US|access-date=November 23, 2018|author=Shapira, J.A.|date=December 14, 2016|archive-date=October 26, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="36352" sha1="exa8c7ew949mfwf8h8pvd061uq7wvn2" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jeans.jpg|thumb|Àwọn jíìnsì méjì]]
[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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}}

Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[Shrinkage (fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[stone washing]].

Lílọ àwọn kẹ́míkà &quot;[[Stone washing|acid wash]]&quot; láti fò aṣọ denim ni wọn ṣe pèlò fífi àwọn kẹ́míkà bí acryl resin, phenol, hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids áti beebelo bóo.&lt;ref&gt;''Der Preis der Bluejeans'' documentary by Studio Hamburg 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

Botilejepe Aṣọ jìínsì yíya tàbí yíya aṣọ lójúnà áti ṣe ní òsó [[distressing]], mó ń wáyé bí aṣó bá ti gbó, ṣùgbọ́n ni ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn olùgbàtà aṣọ má ń yaá pẹ̀lú bi ó ṣe jẹ́ wí pé aso tí wọ́n bá yaa tàbí tí ó ní ojú gbígbó má ń tà kíá kíá. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, [[Emilio Pucci|Pucci]] ta &quot;embellished mid-rise boyfriend jeans&quot; fún £600 (US$860).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Am I too old for ... ripped jeans? |author-first=Laura |author-last=Craik |newspaper=[[The Times]] |page=11 |date=March 8, 2014 |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |access-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-date=July 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194903/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ìyípadà aṣọ látàrí lílò ====

Bí ó bá pè, àwọn aṣọ denim yio bèrè sí ṣáá, lèyí tí àwọn kan ká kùn òun èsó lábé àwọn àpẹrẹ kòkan. Ní àwọn àkókò tí wọ́n wo, ojú sísá yio bèrè sí mi hàn lára àwọn aso na pápá jùlọ ní àwọn ibi tí ó bá ń rí lílọ ju. Ní ara ṣòkòtò jìínsì, àwọn apẹ̀rẹ̀ agbègbè be a má wá ní orí itan, ìgìtísè, àti àwọn agbègbè ẹyin orúnkún. Ara àwọn àmì apẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdámò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí òun ti ṣáá ní wọ̀nyí:

* Ìté Oyin (honeycombs) àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ojú ìlà sísá lẹ́yìn orókún

* Àwòrán fífasẹ́yìn lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (whiskers) –Dídán lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ibi awẹ́ (crotch) tàbí itan aṣọ jìnnsì, tí ó sì máa ń jọ irun imú ológbò.

* Àrà kíkárí aṣọ jìnnsì sí orí bàtà (stacks) –  Bí aṣọ ṣe máa ń kárí sínú tí ó sì ń peléke sí orí bàtà rẹ&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;/&gt;

* Àrà Ìlà lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (train tracks) – Àwọn ìlà funfun meji tí ó máa ń farahàn lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ itan aṣọ jìnnsì lẹ́yìn fífọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|title=The Denim Jeans Guide — Gentleman's Gazette|website=www.gentlemansgazette.com|language=en-US|access-date=November 23, 2018|author=Shapira, J.A.|date=December 14, 2016|archive-date=October 26, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery mode=packed heights=160&gt;
File:Denim Fibers.jpg|Denim fibers from an old pair of jeans through a microscope
File:Full Count Denim Fade.jpg|alt=|Natural fading on a worn pair of selvedge jeans. Such patterns are sometimes referred to as 'whiskers' or 'honeycombs'.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="36740" sha1="sldl1kayaeikts998u4eike6tmkvuxl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jeans.jpg|thumb|Àwọn jíìnsì méjì]]
[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[Indigo dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[rivet]]s for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Dungaree (fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
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Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[Jacob Davis (inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[rivet]]s rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[working class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[Fly (clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[Stonewashed jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[Details (magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣèmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[carpenter jeans]], [[bootcut jeans]], [[drainpipe jeans]] and [[Low-rise jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[Shrinkage (fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[stone washing]].

Lílọ àwọn kẹ́míkà &quot;[[Stone washing|acid wash]]&quot; láti fò aṣọ denim ni wọn ṣe pèlò fífi àwọn kẹ́míkà bí acryl resin, phenol, hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids áti beebelo bóo.&lt;ref&gt;''Der Preis der Bluejeans'' documentary by Studio Hamburg 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

Botilejepe Aṣọ jìínsì yíya tàbí yíya aṣọ lójúnà áti ṣe ní òsó [[distressing]], mó ń wáyé bí aṣó bá ti gbó, ṣùgbọ́n ni ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn olùgbàtà aṣọ má ń yaá pẹ̀lú bi ó ṣe jẹ́ wí pé aso tí wọ́n bá yaa tàbí tí ó ní ojú gbígbó má ń tà kíá kíá. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, [[Emilio Pucci|Pucci]] ta &quot;embellished mid-rise boyfriend jeans&quot; fún £600 (US$860).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Am I too old for ... ripped jeans? |author-first=Laura |author-last=Craik |newspaper=[[The Times]] |page=11 |date=March 8, 2014 |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |access-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-date=July 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194903/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ìyípadà aṣọ látàrí lílò ====

Bí ó bá pè, àwọn aṣọ denim yio bèrè sí ṣáá, lèyí tí àwọn kan ká kùn òun èsó lábé àwọn àpẹrẹ kòkan. Ní àwọn àkókò tí wọ́n wo, ojú sísá yio bèrè sí mi hàn lára àwọn aso na pápá jùlọ ní àwọn ibi tí ó bá ń rí lílọ ju. Ní ara ṣòkòtò jìínsì, àwọn apẹ̀rẹ̀ agbègbè be a má wá ní orí itan, ìgìtísè, àti àwọn agbègbè ẹyin orúnkún. Ara àwọn àmì apẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdámò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí òun ti ṣáá ní wọ̀nyí:

* Ìté Oyin (honeycombs) àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ojú ìlà sísá lẹ́yìn orókún

* Àwòrán fífasẹ́yìn lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (whiskers) –Dídán lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ibi awẹ́ (crotch) tàbí itan aṣọ jìnnsì, tí ó sì máa ń jọ irun imú ológbò.

* Àrà kíkárí aṣọ jìnnsì sí orí bàtà (stacks) –  Bí aṣọ ṣe máa ń kárí sínú tí ó sì ń peléke sí orí bàtà rẹ&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;/&gt;

* Àrà Ìlà lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (train tracks) – Àwọn ìlà funfun meji tí ó máa ń farahàn lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ itan aṣọ jìnnsì lẹ́yìn fífọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|title=The Denim Jeans Guide — Gentleman's Gazette|website=www.gentlemansgazette.com|language=en-US|access-date=November 23, 2018|author=Shapira, J.A.|date=December 14, 2016|archive-date=October 26, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery mode=packed heights=160&gt;
File:Denim Fibers.jpg|Denim fibers from an old pair of jeans through a microscope
File:Full Count Denim Fade.jpg|alt=|Natural fading on a worn pair of selvedge jeans. Such patterns are sometimes referred to as 'whiskers' or 'honeycombs'.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===== Àwọn aso jìínsì tí wọ́n yaa lọ́nà òsó =====
[[File: Ramones rocket to russia photo.jpg|right|thumb|upright|[[Punk rock]] spearheads the [[Ramones]] wearing distressed jeans.]]
[[File:Recording artist Leigh Jones entertained troops at Fort Belvoir 090501 (4920457551).jpg|thumb|upright|right|Ripped jeans were worn by singer Leigh Jones in this promotional photo.]]

==Ìtọ́kasí==
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    <title>Victor oladipo</title>
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      <text bytes="45047" sha1="anxfytnx22erwx8r0i8fc33ydmfxl9t" xml:space="preserve">&lt;nowiki&gt;{Short description|American basketball player (born 1992)}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;

{{use American English|date=August 2019}} {{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}{{Infobox basketball biography|name=Victor Oladipo|image=Victor Oladipo (39060706270) crop.jpg|image_size=240px|caption=Oladipo with the [[Indiana Pacers]] in 2018|height_ft=6|height_in=3|weight_lb=213|league=|team=Free agent|position=[[Shooting guard]] / [[point guard]]|number=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1992|05|04}}|birth_place=[[Silver Spring, Maryland]], U.S.|high_school=[[DeMatha Catholic High School|DeMatha Catholic]]&lt;br /&gt;([[Hyattsville, Maryland]])|college=[[Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball|Indiana]] (2010–2013)|draft_year=2013|draft_round=1|draft_pick=2|draft_team=[[Orlando Magic]]|career_start=2013|career_end=|years1={{nbay|2013|start}}–{{nbay|2015|end}}|team1=[[Orlando Magic]]|years2={{nbay|2016|full=y}}|team2=[[Oklahoma City Thunder]]|years3={{nbay|2017|start}}–{{nbay|2020|end}}|team3=[[Indiana Pacers]]|years4={{nbay|2020|end}}|team4=[[Houston Rockets]]|years5={{nbay|2020|end}}–{{nbay|2022|end}}|team5=[[Miami Heat]]|years6=[[2025–26 NBA G League season|2025–2026]]|team6=[[Wisconsin Herd]]|highlights=* 2× [[List of NBA All-Stars|NBA All-Star]] ({{nasg|2018}}, {{nasg|2019}})
* [[All-NBA Team|All-NBA Third Team]] ({{nbay|2017|end}})
* [[NBA All-Defensive Team|NBA All-Defensive First Team]] ({{nbay|2017|end}})
* [[NBA Most Improved Player Award|NBA Most Improved Player]] ({{nbay|2017|end}})
* [[List of National Basketball Association annual steals leaders|NBA steals leader]] ({{nbay|2017|end}})
* [[NBA All-Rookie Team|NBA All-Rookie First Team]] ({{nbay|2013|end}})
* [[Sporting News Men's College Basketball Player of the Year|''Sporting News'' Player of the Year]] (2013)
* [[Adolph Rupp Trophy]] (2013)
* Consensus first-team [[NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans|All-American]] ([[2013 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans|2013]])
* [[NABC Defensive Player of the Year|NABC co-Defensive Player of the Year]] (2013)
* [[Big Ten Conference|Big Ten]] Defensive Player of the Year (2013)
* First-team [[List of All-Big Ten Conference men's basketball teams|All-Big Ten]] (2013)
* 2× Big Ten All-Defensive team (2012, 2013)}}'''Kehinde Babatunde Victor Oladipo'''{{Audio|Kehinde_Babatunde_Victor_Oladipo.wav|listen}} ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|oʊ|l|ə|ˈ|d|iː|p|oʊ}} {{respell|OH|lə|DEE|poh}};&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite press release|title=2023-24 start of season NBA pronunciation guide|url=https://www.nba.com/news/2023-24-start-of-season-nba-pronunciation-guide|website=NBA.com|date=October 24, 2023|access-date=May 17, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; A bí i ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1992)[1] jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ọmọ Amẹ́ríkà kan tó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù kẹ́yìn fún Wisconsin Herd ti NBA G League. Ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù alápẹ̀rẹ̀ fún Indiana Hoosiers, níbi tí wọ́n ti pè é ní Sporting News Men's College Basketball Player of the Year, Co-NABC Defensive Player of the Year, àti ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ láti ọwọ́ USBWA àti Sporting News. Ní ọdún náà, wọ́n tún pè é ní olùborí Adolph Rupp Trophy, tí wọ́n máa ń fún ẹni tó gba bọ́ọ̀lù alápẹ̀rẹ̀ NCAA Division I lọ́dọọdún fún àwọn ọkùnrin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ruppawards.com/previous.html|title=Adolph F. Rupp Trophies – Previous Winners|access-date=February 16, 2014|archive-date=August 5, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805040410/http://www.ruppawards.com/previous.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n yan Oladipo pẹ̀lú ẹni kejì tí ó jẹ́ olórí nínú ìdíje NBA ti ọdún 2013 láti ọwọ́ Orlando Magic, wọ́n sì yàn án sí ẹgbẹ́ NBA All-Rookie First Team. Wọ́n tà á sí Oklahoma City Thunder ní ọdún 2016, lẹ́yìn náà wọ́n tà á sí Indiana Pacers ní ọdún 2017. Ó di ẹni àkọ́kọ́ tí ó jẹ́ NBA All-Star, ó ṣáájú ìdíje náà nínú ìtajà, wọ́n yàn án sí ẹgbẹ́ All-Defensive First Team àti All-NBA Third Team, ó sì gba ẹ̀bùn NBA Most Improved Player Award ní àkókò àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Indiana. Láìka àkókò 2018–19 tí ó ní ìpalára, títí kan ìpalára tí ó parí ní oṣù January ọdún 2019, wọ́n yan Oladipo gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùtọ́jú Eastern Conference All-Star fún ọdún kejì tí ó tẹ̀lé e. Ní oṣù January ọdún 2021, wọ́n tà á sí Houston Rockets, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tà á sí Miami Heat ní oṣù méjì lẹ́yìn náà. Ó ṣe iṣẹ́ abẹ ní ìparí àkókò lẹ́yìn eré mẹ́rin pẹ̀lú Miami, ó sì padà sí ipò rẹ̀ ní oṣù March ọdún 2022..

Oladipo tún jẹ́ akọrin, lẹ́yìn tí ó ti ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ EP, Songs for You, ní ọdún 2017, àwo orin àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ V.O. ní ọdún 2018,[1] àti EP tí ó jẹ́ ti àwọn afrobeats, TUNDE, ní ọdún 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.si.com/nba/heat/miami-news/miami-heats-victor-oladipo-released-his-new-afrobeats-album-tunde|title=Miami Heat's Victor Oladipo Released His New Afrobeats Album &quot;TUNDE&quot;|magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]]|date=February 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Oladipo ní Silver Spring, Maryland, wọ́n sì tọ́ ọ dàgbà ní Upper Marlboro, Maryland.[1] Ìyá rẹ̀, nọ́ọ̀sì, àti bàbá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà.[2] Àwọn òbí Oladipo kó lọ sí Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 1985, níbi tí wọ́n ti ṣe ìgbéyàwó.[2][3] Oladipo ní àwọn arábìnrin mẹ́ta, pẹ̀lú ìbejì méjì.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Whited|first=Colin|title=Shades of Whited: The Oladipo Factor|url=http://www.thebuffandblue.net/?p=11142|work=thebuffandblue.net|date=March 13, 2013|access-date=October 25, 2013|archive-date=June 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614140522/http://www.thebuffandblue.net/?p=11142|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Yates|first=Clinton|title=No stranger to the deaf world, Victor Oladipo speaks at sister's school|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/dc-sports-bog/wp/2015/05/28/no-stranger-to-the-deaf-world-victor-oladipo-speaks-at-sisters-school/|work=WashingtonPost.com|date=March 28, 2015|access-date=January 6, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Hutchens|first=Terry|title=Indiana basketball: The women in Victor Oladipo's family keep him grounded|url=http://www.indystar.com/article/20130109/SPORTS0601/301090339/Indiana-basketball-women-Victor-Oladipo-s-family-keep-him-grounded|work=IndyStar.com|date=January 9, 2013|access-date=October 25, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ==
Oladipo gbá bọ́ọ̀lù agbọ̀n CYO ní St. Jerome Academy ní Hyattsville, Maryland.Nígbà tí ó ń lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga DeMatha, ní Hyattsville pẹ̀lú, ó wà lára ​​ẹgbẹ́ bọ́ọ̀lù agbọ̀n.Ó dúró níbẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2010..&lt;ref name=&quot;bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Victor Oladipo|url=https://iuhoosiers.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/victor-oladipo/4474|work=Indiana Hoosiers|access-date=February 4, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{College athlete recruit start|year=2010|40=no}} {{College athlete recruit entry|recruit=Victor Oladipo|position=[[Shooting guard|SG]]|hometown=Upper Marlboro, Maryland|highschool=[[DeMatha Catholic High School|DeMatha Catholic HS]]|feet=6|inches=4|weight=216|commitdate=September 7, 2009|scout stars=3|rivals stars=3|espn grade=90|espn stars=3}} {{College athlete recruit end|year=2010|rivals ref title=2010 Indiana Basketball Commitment List|scout ref title=2010 Indiana College Basketball Team Recruiting Prospects|espn ref title=Indiana Hoosiers 2010 player commits|rivals school=indiana|scout s=170|espn schoolid=84|scout overall=6 (school)|rivals overall=41 (SG); 144 (national)|access-date=August 21, 2013|bball=yes|40=no}}

== Iṣẹ́ kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì ==
[[Fáìlì:20120105_Tim_Hardaway_Jr_vs_Victor_Oladipo.jpg|left|thumb|Oladipo (left) guards [[Tim Hardaway Jr.]] of the [[Michigan Wolverines men's basketball|Michigan Wolverines]] in 2012]]
Oladipo yan lati kopa ninu bọọlu inu agbọn ni Indiana University, o si kọ awọn ipese lati ọdọ Notre Dame, Maryland, Xavier ati awọn miiran.[1] Lori ifaramo rẹ si awọn Hoosiers, o sọ pe, &quot;O dabi afẹfẹ bọọlu inu agbọn nibikibi ti o ba lọ.... Bloomington, Indiana jẹ ilu agbọn inu agbọn. Iyẹn jẹ pipe.&quot;[2] O darapọ mọ lakoko akoko 2010–11,[3] o kopa ninu ere 32 pẹlu awọn ibẹrẹ marun gẹgẹbi ọmọ ile-iwe tuntun, ni apapọ awọn aaye 7.4, awọn atunṣe 3.7 ati awọn ole 1.1 ni iṣẹju 18.0 fun ere kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;college-stats&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Victor Oladipo College Stats|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/victor-oladipo-1.html|website=College Basketball at Sports-Reference.com|access-date=4 February 2026|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní àsìkò ọdún 2012–13, láìka àkójọpọ̀ Indiana tí ó ní ẹ̀bùn tó jinlẹ̀ sí, Oladipo farahàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ìràwọ̀ tó tóbi jùlọ ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà.[1] Ní àárín àsìkò náà, oníròyìn ESPN Eamonn Brenann kọ̀wé pé, “Ní àsìkò 2½ ní Bloomington, Oladipo ti yípadà láti àpẹẹrẹ eré ìdárayá tí kò ṣeé ṣe sí ẹni tó jẹ́ onímọ̀ nípa ààbò/agbára ìdènà – ó di ẹni tí àwọn olùfẹ́ IU gbàgbọ́ fún dídi ọwọ́ rẹ̀ mú níwájú ojú rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù nílé, nígbà gbogbo lẹ́yìn jíjí nǹkan tí òun fúnra rẹ̀ dá – sí ìràwọ̀ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí ó yára, tí ó sì dára.”[1] Nítorí ìdarí Oladipo, Indiana Hoosiers parí àsìkò ọdún 2012–13 gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn aṣiwaju Big Ten.[2] Ní ìparí àsìkò déédéé, Oladipo wà ní ipò kẹrin ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà ní ìpín ọgọ́rùn-ún góólù pápá (61.4), ní ìṣísẹ̀ láti ní ìpín ọgọ́rùn-ún góólù pápá tí ó ga jùlọ láti ọwọ́ olùṣọ́ láti àsìkò 1996–97.[3] Láàrín àwọn tó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ Wooden, ó ní ìdíwọ̀n tó dára jùlọ, èyí tó jẹ́ ìyàtọ̀ láàárín àwọn àmì tí wọ́n gba àti àwọn àmì tí wọ́n gba fún ọgọ́rùn-ún. Oladipo ṣe àfikún àmì ẹ̀yẹ 42 ju èyí tí ó gbà fún ọgọ́rùn-ún ohun ìní lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;ESPN03132013&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/blog/collegebasketballnation/post/_/id/79138/why-oladipo-should-win-wooden-award|title=Why Oladipo should win Wooden Award|publisher=ESPN|date=March 13, 2013|access-date=March 13, 2013|last=Feldman|first=Ryan}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2012–13, Oladipo gbá bọ́ọ̀lù, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní gbogbo eré mẹ́rìndínlógójì, ó ní àmì 13.6, àtúnbọ̀ 6.3, ìrànlọ́wọ́ 2.1 àti jíjí 2.2 ní ìṣẹ́jú 28.4 fún eré kọ̀ọ̀kan.[1] Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n pè é ní Ẹlẹ́rọ Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Ọdún ti Sporting News Men's College Basketball Player of the Year, Ẹlẹ́rọ Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Ọdún ti Orílẹ̀-èdè Co-Defensive Player of the Year, àti ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ ti All-American láti ọwọ́ USBWA àti Sporting News. Nínú ọlá ìpàdé náà, àwọn olùkọ́ àti àwọn oníròyìn yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí gbogbo ènìyàn yàn sí ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ All-Big Ten, wọ́n sì pè é ní Ẹlẹ́rọ Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Ọdún Ńlá Ten Defensive Player of the year.&lt;ref name=&quot;bio&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n ==

=== Orlando Magic (2013–2016) ===
[[Fáìlì:Victor_Oladipo_Magic.jpg|right|thumb|Oladipo with the Magic in 2013]]
Ní ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2013, níbi ìpàdé àwọn oníròyìn pẹ̀lú Tom Crean, Oladipo kéde ìpinnu rẹ̀ láti fi àkókò ìpele àgbà rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ ní Indiana kí ó sì dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ NBA ti ọdún 2013. Àwọn ESPN àti CBS Sports sọ pé òun ni yóò wà lára ​​àwọn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún tó ga jùlọ. Wọ́n pè Oladipo láti jókòó sí “yàrá aláwọ̀ ewé” nígbà tí wọ́n ń yan án, Orlando Magic sì yàn án ní ipò kejì lápapọ̀, lẹ́yìn náà ó fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn tuntun rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Magic ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ oṣù keje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nba.com/magic/magic-sign-victor-oladipo|title=Magic sign Victor Oladipo|website=Orlando Magic|access-date=May 2, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí àwọn ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ tuntun ti ọdún 2013 péjọpọ̀ fún yíya fọ́tò ọdọọdún wọn tí wọ́n sì parí ìwádìí àwọn ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ tuntun NBA.com, àwọn ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ náà yan Oladipo gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbèjà tó dára jùlọ, ẹni tí wọ́n fẹ́ràn jùlọ ní ọdún 2013–14 Rookie of the Year (pẹ̀lú CJ McCollum), ẹni tí wọ́n fẹ́ràn jùlọ láti ní iṣẹ́ tó dára jùlọ (pẹ̀lú Kelly Olynyk) àti ẹni tí ó gba ipò kejì jùlọ nínú eré ìdárayá (lẹ́yìn Tony Mitchell).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nba.com/2013/news/features/john_schuhmann/08/26/2013-14-nba-rookie-survey/index.html|title=Magic's Oladipo among rookie favorites to stand out in 2013-14|access-date=October 15, 2013|date=August 26, 2013|author=Schuhmann, John|work=[[NBA.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù Kejìlá, ọdún 2013, Oladipo gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ìgbà iṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú àmì-ẹ̀yẹ 26, àtúnbọ̀ 10 àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ 10 nínú ìpàdánù àkókò àfikún méjì sí Philadelphia 76ers. Olókìkí Michael Carter-Williams ti 76ers tún gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ìgbà iṣẹ́ mẹ́ta-meji nínú eré kan náà, èyí tí ó ṣe àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àkọ́kọ́ àti ìgbà kan ṣoṣo nínú ìtàn NBA tí àwọn olùdíje méjì ti gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́ta-meji nínú eré kan náà.[1] Ìgbà ìkẹyìn tí àwọn olùdíje méjì ti gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́ta-meji àkọ́kọ́ wọn ní ìgbà iṣẹ́ kan náà ni ìgbà tí àwọn méjì Detroit Pistons, Donnie Butcher àti Ray Scott, ṣe é ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹta, ọdún 1964 (wọn kì í ṣe àwọn olùdíje tuntun). Ó tún jẹ́ ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ tí àwọn alátakò méjì ti gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́ta-meji nínú eré kan náà láti ìgbà tí Caron Butler àti Baron Davis ti ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 2007.[2] Ní oṣù kejì, Oladipo kópa nínú Ìpèníjà Rising Stars àti Ìpèníjà Ọgbọ́n Taco Bell.[3][4] Oladipo tẹ̀síwájú láti dé ipò kejì nínú ìdìbò Rookie of the Year lẹ́yìn Carter-Williams.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/orlando-magic/os-mbb-victor-oladipo-second-in-rookie-of-year-20140505-post.html|title=Victor Oladipo finishes second in 2013-14 NBA Rookie of the Year Award voting|first=Josh|last=Robbins|date=May 5, 2014|website=OrlandoSentinel.com|access-date=May 2, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Victor_Oladipo_Magic_2014.jpg|left|thumb|Oladipo with the Magic in 2014]]
Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2014, wọ́n yọ Oladipo kúrò nínú ìdíje náà títí láé lẹ́yìn tí ó ní ìfọ́ ojú ní ìdánrawò ní ọjọ́ tó kọjá.[1] Ní ọjọ́ méjì lẹ́yìn náà, Magic lo àṣàyàn ẹgbẹ́ ọdún kẹta wọn lórí àdéhùn rookie Oladipo, wọ́n sì fa àdéhùn náà gùn sí i títí di àkókò 2015–16.[2] Ó padà láti ìpalára ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kọkànlá pẹ̀lú ìbòjú ààbò ojú bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdíje rẹ̀ ní àkókò náà lòdì sí Milwaukee Bucks. Ní ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n láti ibi ìjókòó, ó gba àmì mẹ́tàlá, ìpadàbọ̀ mẹ́ta àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ méjì nínú ìṣẹ́gun 101–85.[3] Ní ìparí ọ̀sẹ̀ NBA All-Star ti ọdún 2015, Oladipo díje nínú Rising Stars Challenge àti Slam Dunk Contest, [4][5] ó parí ní ipò kejì nínú ìdíje dunk lẹ́yìn Zach LaVine. Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹta, ọdún 2015, Oladipo gba àmì mẹ́tàdínlógójì tó ga jùlọ ní iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí ìbọn 15 nínú 25 nígbà tí wọ́n pàdánù sí Phoenix Suns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nba.com/games/20150304/PHXORL/gameinfo.html|title=Suns at Magic|website=NBA.com|access-date=May 2, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2015, Magic lo àṣàyàn ẹgbẹ́ ọdún kẹrin wọn lórí àdéhùn rookie ti Oladipo, wọ́n sì fa àdéhùn náà gùn sí i títí di àkókò 2016–17.[1] Ní ọjọ́ márùn-ún lẹ́yìn náà, ó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́ta-méjì rẹ̀ ní iṣẹ́ kejì pẹ̀lú àmì ẹ̀yẹ 21, àmì ẹ̀yẹ 13 àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ 10 nínú ìjákulẹ̀ méjì-méjì sí Oklahoma City Thunder. Ó tún lu àmì ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́ta-méjì tí ó ń lu blusher láti fi eré náà sí àkókò àfikún méjì.[2] Oladipo ní àròpín àmì 12.8 péré fún eré kọ̀ọ̀kan ní àwọn eré méjìlá àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní àsìkò náà. Olùkọ́ni olórí Scott Skiles gbé Oladipo sí ipò àga fún eré Magic ní oṣù kọkànlá ọjọ́ 25 pẹ̀lú New York Knicks.[3] Oladipo tẹ̀síwájú láti jáde kúrò ní ipò àga lẹ́yìn ìṣe yìí, ó ní àmì ẹ̀yẹ 17.0, àmì ẹ̀yẹ 5.4, àmì ẹ̀yẹ 4.5, àmì ẹ̀yẹ 1.0 àti àmì ẹ̀yẹ 1.4 ní àwọn eré mẹ́jọ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ lórí àga.[4] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kìíní, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré Magic fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ láti ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kọkànlá. Ní ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́rìnlélọ́gbọ̀n tí ó fi gbá bọ́ọ̀lù, ó gba àmì mẹ́jọ, ó gba àmì mẹ́jọ, ó gba àmì mẹ́jọ, ó sì gba àmì mẹ́jọ nínú ìjákulẹ̀ sí Detroit Pistons.[5] Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kẹta, ó gba àmì mẹ́rìnlélógójì nínú iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú ìjákulẹ̀ 109–103 sí Cleveland Cavaliers, ó sì di ẹni kẹsàn-án nínú ìtàn franchise láti gba àmì mẹ́rìnlélógójì nínú eré kan àti ẹni àkọ́kọ́ tí ó gba àmì mẹ́rìnlélógójì nínú eré náà láti ìgbà Arron Afflalo ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2013.[6] Oladipo pàdánù àwọn eré mẹ́ta tó kẹ́yìn ní àsìkò náà pẹ̀lú ìkọlù ọkàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/orlando-magic/os-orlando-magic-news-0413-20160412-story.html|title=Victor Oladipo is feeling better after 2nd concussion of the season|first=Josh|last=Robbins|website=OrlandoSentinel.com|date=April 12, 2016|access-date=May 2, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Oklahoma City Thunder (2016–2017) ===
[[Fáìlì:Victor_Oladipo_2017.jpg|thumb|Oladipo with the Thunder in 2017]]
Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 2016, wọ́n tà Oladipo, pẹ̀lú Ersan İlyasova àti ẹ̀tọ́ ìdìbò fún Domantas Sabonis, sí Oklahoma City Thunder ní pàṣípààrọ̀ fún Serge Ibaka.[1] Ó kọ́kọ́ ṣe eré àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún Thunder ní ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ wọn ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kẹwàá, ó sì gba àmì mẹ́wàá ní ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùbẹ̀rẹ̀ nínú ìṣẹ́gun 103–97 lórí Philadelphia 76ers.[2] Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹwàá, ó fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn ọdún mẹ́rin, tí ó jẹ́ $84 mílíọ̀nù pẹ̀lú Thunder.[3][4] Ìpalára ọwọ́ ọ̀tún ní àárín oṣù Kejìlá mú kí Oladipo pàdánù eré mẹ́sàn-án ní ìtẹ̀léra.[5] Ó padà sí eré ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ó sì gba àmì mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún sí Los Angeles Clippers.[6] Ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹta, ọdún 2017, Oladipo padà sí ẹgbẹ́ olùbẹ̀rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí ó pàdánù eré mẹ́fà pẹ̀lú ìpalára ẹ̀yìn ó sì gba àmì mẹ́rìndínlógún nínú ìpàdánù 126–121 sí Portland.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400900341|title=Trail Blazers overcome Westbrook's 58 to top Thunder 126-121|work=ESPN.com|date=March 7, 2017|access-date=March 8, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Indiana Pacers (2017–2021) ===

==== 2017–18 season ====
[[Fáìlì:Victor_Oladipo,_Bradley_Beal_(26755779208).jpg|thumb|Oladipo (left) with the Pacers, guarding [[Bradley Beal]] in 2018]]
Ní ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù keje ọdún 2017, wọ́n ta Oladipo àti Sabonis sí Indiana Pacers ní pàṣípààrọ̀ fún Paul George.[1] Nínú ìdíje àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún Pacers ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àsìkò wọn ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kẹwàá, Oladipo ní 22 points, rebounds márùn-ún, steals mẹ́rin àti assists mẹ́rin nínú ìṣẹ́gun 140–131 lórí Brooklyn Nets.[2] Ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹwàá, ó gba 35 points gíga ní 11 fún 18 shootings nínú ìpàdánù 114–96 sí ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀, Oklahoma City Thunder.[3] Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹwàá, ó ní 23 points àti assists márùn-ún ó sì lu 3-pointer kan lulẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá mẹ́wàá tó kù láti mú kí Indiana ṣẹ́gun 97–94 lórí San Antonio Spurs.[4] Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n yàn án ní Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Eastern Conference ti Ọ̀sẹ̀ fún àwọn eré tí wọ́n ṣe ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún sí ọjọ́ kẹwàá.[5][6] Ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù Kejìlá, ó ní àmì 47 tó ga jùlọ ní iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ó sì fi àwọn àtúnbọ̀ méje àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ mẹ́fà kún un láti mú kí Pacers ṣẹ́gun Denver Nuggets ní 126–116. [7] Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n yàn án ní Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Ìpàdé ti Ọ̀sẹ̀ fún àwọn eré tí wọ́n ṣe ní ọjọ́ kẹrin sí mẹ́wàá oṣù Kejìlá. [8] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kejìlá, ọdún 2018, wọ́n yàn án ní Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Ìpàdé ti Eastern Conference All-Star. [9] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹta, nínú ìṣẹ́gun 109–104 lórí Los Angeles Clippers, Oladipo fa àwọn eré rẹ̀ pọ̀ sí eré 56, ó sì já ìfàsẹ́yìn pẹ̀lú Chris Paul àti Gary Payton fún ìfàsẹ́yìn kẹfà tó gùn jùlọ nínú ìtàn NBA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400975824|title=Pacers use late surge to beat Clippers, close in on playoffs|work=ESPN.com|date=March 23, 2018|access-date=March 24, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nínú eré àkọ́kọ́ nínú àwọn eré ìdíje ìpele àkọ́kọ́ Pacers lòdì sí àwọn Cavaliers, Oladipo gba àmì 32 nínú ìṣẹ́gun 98–80.[1] Ó di ẹni kẹrin nínú ìtàn Pacers pẹ̀lú ó kéré tán àmì 30 àti àmì 3-pointers mẹ́fà nínú eré ìdíje ìpele kan, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Reggie Miller, Chuck Person àti Paul George.[2] Nínú eré kẹfà, Oladipo gba àmì 3-double àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn àkókò ìdíje pẹ̀lú àmì 28, àmì 13 àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ 10 nínú ìṣẹ́gun 121–87, èyí tí ó ran àwọn Pacers lọ́wọ́ láti fi agbára mú eré keje.[3] Àwọn Pacers tẹ̀síwájú láti pàdánù eré keje láti jáwọ́ nínú ìdíje ìpele náà bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé Oladipo gba àmì 30, àmì 12, àmì 6 àti àmì 3-pointers..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Hotchkiss|first=Wheat|url=http://www.nba.com/pacers/rewind-pacers-cavaliers-180429|title=Game Rewind: Pacers 101, Cavaliers 105 (Game 7)|work=NBA.com|date=April 29, 2018|access-date=April 29, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹfà, wọ́n pe Oladipo ní ẹni tí ó dára jùlọ ní NBA fún àsìkò ọdún 2017–18. Oladipo ní ìpíndọ́gba 23.1 points fún eré kọ̀ọ̀kan (ìkẹsàn-án ní NBA), 5.2 rebounds, 4.3 assist ó sì ṣáájú NBA nínú jíjẹ ní 2.4 fún eré kọ̀ọ̀kan. Ó gbé àwọn ipò gíga jùlọ kalẹ̀ ní gbogbo ẹ̀ka ìṣirò.[1] Bákan náà ní ọdún 2018, wọ́n yan Oladipo sí ẹgbẹ́ kẹta All-NBA àti ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ NBA All-Defensive.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indystar.com/story/sports/nba/pacers/2018/05/23/victor-oladipo-makes-2018-nba-defensive-first-team-rudy-gobert-anthony-davis-jrue-holiday/637874002/|title=Victor Oladipo becomes 4th Pacer named to NBA All-Defensive First Team|website=Indianapolis Star|access-date=May 2, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2018–19 season ====
[[Fáìlì:Garrett_Temple_and_Victor_Oladipo,_Memphis_Grizzlies_vs_Indiana_Pacers,_2018-10-17.jpg|right|thumb|Oladipo against Grizzlies' [[Garrett Temple]] in October 2018]]
Ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2018, àmì mẹ́ta tí Oladipo fi síta pẹ̀lú ìṣẹ́jú àáyá 3.4 ló mú kí Indiana ṣẹ́gun Boston Celtics pẹ̀lú àmì 102–101, bí ó ṣe parí pẹ̀lú àmì 24 àti àtúnbọ̀ 12.[1] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kọkànlá, nígbà tí wọ́n gbá bọ́ọ̀lù pẹ̀lú Atlanta Hawks, Oladipo fi eré náà sílẹ̀ ní ìdámẹ́rin àkọ́kọ́ pẹ̀lú ìpalára orúnkún ọ̀tún.[2][3] Ó pàdánù eré mọ́kànlá pẹ̀lú ìpalára náà,[4] ó padà sí eré ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kejìlá.[5] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kìíní, ó gba àmì 36 ó sì ṣe àmì 3 láti òkè orí arc pẹ̀lú ìṣẹ́jú àáyá 0.3 tí ó kù ní àfikún àkókò láti gbé Pacers sókè sí ìṣẹ́gun 119–116 lórí Chicago Bulls.[6] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kìíní sí Toronto Raptors, Oladipo ní ìjókòó mẹ́rin ní orúnkún ọ̀tún rẹ̀,[7][8] èyí tí ó yọ ọ́ kúrò fún ìyókù àsìkò náà.[8] Ó ṣe iṣẹ́ abẹ àṣeyọrí ní ọjọ́ márùn-ún lẹ́yìn náà.[9][10] Láìka àkókò tí ó kún fún ìpalára, wọ́n yan Oladipo gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn olùtọ́jú ìtura Eastern Conference All-Star&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=401071438|title=Ross scores 30 as Magic hand Pacers 4th straight loss|work=ESPN.com|date=January 31, 2019|access-date=February 1, 2019|quote=Oladipo was picked as an All-Star reserve even though he won't be able to play in the game.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2019–2021 season ====
[[Fáìlì:Detroit_Pistons_vs_Indiana_Pacers,_October_23,_2019_P102319AZS_(49087704038).jpg|right|thumb|Oladipo in October 2019]]
Ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2019, Indiana Pacers kéde pé wọ́n ti yan Oladipo sí Fort Wayne Mad Ants[1] nígbà tí ó ń dúró de orúnkún rẹ̀ kí ó sàn; wọ́n pè é sí Pacers ní ọjọ́ kan náà, lẹ́yìn ìdánrawò pẹ̀lú Mad Ants.

Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kìíní, ọdún 2020, ó padà sí NBA, ọjọ́ 371 lẹ́yìn tí ó farapa. Nígbà tí ó kúrò ní orí àga fún Pacers, ó gba àmì mẹ́sàn-án ní ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́rìnlélógún àkókò eré, títí kan àmì mẹ́ta tí ó ní àmì mẹ́ta, nínú ìṣẹ́gun àkókò àfikún lórí Chicago Bulls.[1] Lẹ́yìn eré náà, Oladipo kan tí ó ní ìmọ̀lára ya àwòrán ìbọn náà sí Kobe Bryant àti ẹ̀mí mẹ́jọ mìíràn tí ó pàdánù nínú ìjàmbá ọkọ̀ òfúrufú California, ọjọ́ mẹ́ta ṣáájú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theindychannel.com/sports/vic-oladipo-pays-tribute-to-kobe-bryant-in-first-game-back|title=Vic Oladipo pays tribute to Kobe Bryant in first game back|date=January 30, 2020|access-date=September 3, 2026|archive-date=February 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228084846/https://www.theindychannel.com/sports/vic-oladipo-pays-tribute-to-kobe-bryant-in-first-game-back|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní àkọ́kọ́, Oladipo kéde pé òun yóò jókòó síta nígbà tí àsìkò NBA yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀,[1] ṣùgbọ́n nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín ó pinnu láti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù lẹ́yìn tí ó tẹ̀síwájú nínú àtúnṣe iṣan quadriceps rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=August 1, 2020|title=Victor Oladipo ready to start in Indiana Pacers' first game at NBA restart|url=https://www.espn.com/nba/story/_/id/29579357/victor-oladipo-ready-start-indiana-pacers-first-game-nba-restart.|access-date=August 14, 2020|website=ESPN.com/|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Houston Rockets (2021) ===
Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kìíní ọdún 2021, wọ́n tà Oladipo sí Houston Rockets gẹ́gẹ́ bí ara àdéhùn ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rin tí ó rán James Harden lọ sí Brooklyn Nets.[1][2] Ní ọjọ́ méjì lẹ́yìn náà, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré rẹ̀, ó sì gba àmì 32 àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ 9 nínú ìpàdánù 125–120 sí Chicago Bulls.[3] Ní oṣù kejì ọdún 2021, Oladipo kọ̀ láti gba àfikún àdéhùn ọdún méjì, tí ó tó $45.2 mílíọ̀nù, èyí tí ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn Rockets lè fún un jùlọ.[4] Oladipo ṣeré ogún eré lápapọ̀ pẹ̀lú Rockets, ó ní àmì 21, àtúnbọ̀ 5, àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ 5 ní àròpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Heat acquire Victor Oladipo in 3-player deal with Rockets|url=https://www.nba.com/news/reports-rockets-trading-victor-oladipo-to-heat|access-date=April 9, 2021|website=www.nba.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Miami Heat (2021–2023) ===
Ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹta, ọdún 2021, wọ́n ta Oladipo sí Miami Heat, ní pàṣípààrọ̀ fún Avery Bradley, Kelly Olynyk àti ìyípadà draft pick ní ọdún 2022.[1] Ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kẹrin, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré rẹ̀ ní ìṣẹ́gun 116–109 lórí Golden State Warriors, ó sì gba àmì mẹ́fà, ìpadàbọ̀ mẹ́ta àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ márùn-ún ní ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́tàlélógún.[2] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù karùn-ún, wọ́n ṣe iṣẹ́ abẹ fún Oladipo láti tún iṣan quadriceps ọ̀tún rẹ̀ ṣe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nba/story/_/id/31489484/miami-heat-victor-oladipo-cleared-full-contact-basketball-november-doctor-says|title=Miami Heat's Victor Oladipo could be cleared for full-contact basketball in November, doctor says|website=ESPN.com|last=Wojnarowski|first=Adrian|date=May 23, 2021|access-date=August 1, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2021, Oladipo tún fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn ọdún kan tí ó kéré jùlọ fún àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù ológun.[1] Ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹta ọdún 2022, ó padà láti ibi ìpalára, ó ní àmì mọ́kànlá pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ mẹ́rin àti àtúnbọ̀ kan, nínú ìṣẹ́gun 123–106 lórí Houston Rockets.[2] Ní ìparí àkókò àsìkò déédéé ti Heat ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kẹrin, Oladipo gba àmì 40 gíga ní àsìkò náà, pẹ̀lú àtúnbọ̀ 10 àti àtúnbọ̀ 7, nínú ìpàdánù 111–125 sí Orlando Magic&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Coup's Takeaways: Oladipo Drops 40 As Miami Closes Out 53-Win Season|url=https://www.nba.com/heat/news/coup-takeaways-oladipo-drops-40-as-miami-closes-out-53-win-season|access-date=April 24, 2022|website=Miami Heat}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù keje ọdún 2022, Oladipo tún fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn ọdún méjì pẹ̀lú Heat, èyí tí ó jẹ́ $18 mílíọ̀nù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=HEAT RE-SIGN VICTOR OLADIPO|url=https://www.nba.com/heat/news/heat-resigns-victor-oladipo-070622|access-date=July 7, 2022|website=Miami Heat|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Report: Heat, Victor Oladipo re-work one-year, $11M deal into 1+1, $18M contract|url=https://nba.nbcsports.com/2022/07/07/report-heat-victor-oladipo-re-work-one-year-11m-deal-into-11-18m-contract/|access-date=July 9, 2022|website=NBC Sports|date=July 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2023, nínú eré kẹta ti ìdíje ìdíje àkọ́kọ́ tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú Milwaukee Bucks, Oladipo ní ìfàjẹ̀sín patellar ní orúnkún òsì rẹ̀, èyí tí ó mú kí ó dúró fún ìyókù àkókò ìdíje náà. Heat yóò tẹ̀síwájú láti dé ìdíje NBA fún ìgbà kejì ní ọdún mẹ́rin, wọn yóò sì pàdánù sí Denver Nuggets ní àwọn eré márùn-ún.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Salvador|first=Joseph|date=April 23, 2023|title=Report: Heat Get Unfortunate Victor Oladipo Injury Update|url=https://www.si.com/nba/2023/04/23/heats-victor-oladipo-suffers-season-ending-knee-injury-per-report|access-date=May 18, 2023|magazine=Sports Illustrated}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù keje ọdún 2023, wọ́n tà Oladipo padà sí Oklahoma City Thunder, pẹ̀lú àwọn méjì tí wọ́n yàn fún ìgbà kejì ní ọjọ́ iwájú, ní pàṣípààrọ̀ owó.[1] Thunder ta Oladipo àti Jeremiah Robinson-Earl sí Houston Rockets ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹwàá, kí àkókò eré déédé tó bẹ̀rẹ̀, fún Kevin Porter Jr. àti àwọn méjì tí wọ́n yàn fún ìgbà kejì ní ọjọ́ iwájú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Rockets Complete Trade With Oklahoma City|url=https://www.nba.com/rockets/news/rockets-complete-trade-with-oklahoma-city-2|website=NBA.com|date=October 17, 2023|access-date=October 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kejì ọdún 2024, kí ó tó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún Houston, wọ́n tà Oladipo sí Memphis Grizzlies, pẹ̀lú àwọn àṣàyàn mẹ́ta tí yóò wà ní ìpele kejì lọ́jọ́ iwájú, ní pàṣípààrọ̀ fún Steven Adams.[1] Ní ọ̀sẹ̀ kan lẹ́yìn náà, àwọn Grizzlies yọ̀ǹda rẹ̀ kí ó tó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Grizzlies complete three-team trade with Suns and Nets|url=https://www.nba.com/grizzlies/news/grizzlies-complete-three-team-trade-with-suns-and-nets|website=NBA.com|date=February 8, 2024|access-date=February 8, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In October 2025, Oladipo had a brief stint with the [[Guangzhou Loong Lions]] of the [[Chinese Basketball Association]], playing in two of the team's games on their [[NBA]] preseason tour.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author1=Justin Grasso|title=Ex-NBA Star Turns Heads With Impressive Showing vs Spurs|url=https://www.si.com/fannation/nba/fastbreak/news/victor-wembanyama-puts-nba-notice-with-viral-slam-01k6rz839pb7|access-date=7 October 2025|work=Fastbreak|publisher=[[Sports Illustrated]]|date=7 October 2025}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://clutchpoints.com/nba/nba-stories/exclusive-victor-oladipo-ready-for-nba-comeback-after-strong-performances-with-loong-lions|title=Exclusive: Victor Oladipo ready for NBA comeback after strong performances with Loong-Lions|website=ClutchPoints|last=Azarly|first=Tomer|date=October 10, 2025|access-date=October 12, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Wisconsin Herd (2025–2026) ===
Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2025, Oladipo ní àkókò díẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Guangzhou Loong Lions ti Ẹgbẹ́ Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Agbábọ́ọ̀lù China, ó sì ṣeré ní méjì lára ​​àwọn eré ẹgbẹ́ náà ní ìrìn àjò wọn ní NBA preseason.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Victor Oladipo Player Profile, Memphis Grizzlies - RealGM|url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Victor-Oladipo/Summary/22337|website=basketball.realgm.com|access-date=30 April 2026|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ìgbéjáde ìròyìn ==
Ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2024, Oladipo dara pọ̀ mọ́ ESPN gẹ́gẹ́ bí onímọ̀ nípa eré ìdárayá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Victor Oladipo Hired By ESPN as NBA Analyst|url=https://hoosierstateofmind.com/victor-oladipo-hired-by-espn-as-nba-analyst-01j9vm3gw8wf|website=HoosierStateOfMind.com|date=October 10, 2024|access-date=October 13, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìṣirò iṣẹ́ ==
{{NBA player statistics legend|leader=y}}

=== NBA ===

==== Regular season ====
{{NBA player statistics start}}
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2013}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2013–14 Orlando Magic season|Orlando]]
| '''80''' || 44 || 31.1 || .419 || .327 || .780 || 4.1 || 4.1 || 1.6 || .5 || 13.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2014}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2014–15 Orlando Magic season|Orlando]]
| 72 || 71 || '''35.7''' || .436 || .339 || .819 || 4.2 || 4.1 || 1.7 || .3 || 17.9
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2015}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2015–16 Orlando Magic season|Orlando]]
| 72 || 52 || 33.0 || .438|| .348 || '''.830''' || 4.8 || 3.9 || 1.6 || '''.8''' || 16.0
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2016}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2016–17 Oklahoma City Thunder season|Oklahoma City]]
| 67 || 67 || 33.2 || .442 || .361 || .753 || 4.3 || 2.6 || 1.2 || .3 || 15.9
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2017}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2017–18 Indiana Pacers season|Indiana]]
| 75 || '''75''' || 34.0 || .477 || .371 || .799 || 5.2 || 4.3 || style=&quot;background:#cfecec;&quot;|'''2.4'''* || '''.8''' || '''23.1'''
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2018}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2018–19 Indiana Pacers season|Indiana]]
| 36 || 36 || 31.9 || .423 || .343 || .730 || 5.6 || '''5.2''' || 1.7 || .3 || 18.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2019}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2019–20 Indiana Pacers season|Indiana]]
| 19 || 16 || 27.8 || .394 || .317 || .814 || 3.9 || 2.9 || .9 || .2 || 14.5
|-
| rowspan=3 style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2020}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2020–21 Indiana Pacers season|Indiana]]
| 9 || 9 || 33.3 || .421 || .362 || .730 || '''5.7''' || 4.2 || 1.7 || .2 || 20.0
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2020–21 Houston Rockets season|Houston]]
| 20 || 20 || 33.5 || .407 || .320 || .783 || 4.8 || 5.0 || 1.2 || .5 || 21.2
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2020–21 Miami Heat season|Miami]]
| 4 || 4 || 27.8 || .372 || .235 || .667 || 3.5 || 3.5 || 1.8 || .5 || 12.0
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2021}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2021–22 Miami Heat season|Miami]]
| 8 || 1 || 21.6 || '''.479''' || '''.417''' || .737 || 2.9 || 3.5 || .6 || .1 || 12.4
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{nbay|2022}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2022–23 Miami Heat season|Miami]]
| 42 || 2 || 26.3 || .397 || .330 || .747 || 3.0 || 3.5 || 1.4 || .3 || 10.7
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Career
| 504 || 397 || 32.2 || .436 || .347 || .788 || 4.5 || 3.9 || 1.6 || .5 || 16.9
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|All-Star
| 1 || 0 || 15.0 || .375 || .167 || .000 || 2.0 || 3.0 || 3.0 || .0 || 7.0
{{s-end}}

==== Playoffs ====
{{NBA player statistics start}}
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2017 NBA playoffs|2017]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2016–17 Oklahoma City Thunder season|Oklahoma City]]
| 5 || 5 || 36.2 || .344 || .240 || '''1.000''' || 5.6 || 2.0 || 1.4 || '''.6''' || 10.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2018 NBA playoffs|2018]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2017–18 Indiana Pacers season|Indiana]]
| 7 || '''7''' || '''37.3''' || .417 || '''.404''' || .732 || '''8.3''' || '''6.0''' || '''2.4''' || .4 || '''22.7'''
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2020 NBA playoffs|2020]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2019–20 Indiana Pacers season|Indiana]]
| 4 || 4 || 30.8 || .393 || .364 || .938 || 3.3 || 2.5 || 2.3 || .0 || 17.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2022 NBA playoffs|2022]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2021–22 Miami Heat season|Miami]]
| '''15''' || 1 || 24.5 || .368 || .274 || .792 || 3.4 || 2.1 || 1.3 || .3 || 10.6
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2023 NBA playoffs|2023]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2022–23 Miami Heat season|Miami]]
| 2 || 0 || 22.7 || '''.526''' || .400 || .333 || 3.5 || 1.0 || 1.0 || .5 || 11.5
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Career
| 33 || 17 || 29.6 || .391 || .330 || .790 || 4.8 || 2.9 || 1.6 || .3 || 14.1
{{s-end}}

=== College ===
{{NBA player statistics start}}
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season|2010–11]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2010–11 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team|Indiana]]
| 32 || 5 || 18.0 || .547 || .308 || .612 || 3.7 || .9 || 1.1 || .2 || 7.4
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season|2011–12]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2011–12 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team|Indiana]]
| '''36''' || 34 || 26.7 || .471 || .208 || '''.750''' || 5.3 || 2.0 || 1.4 || .6 || 10.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season|2012–13]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2012–13 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team|Indiana]]
| '''36''' || '''36''' || '''28.4''' || '''.599''' || '''.441''' || .746 || '''6.3''' || '''2.1''' || '''2.2''' || '''.8''' || '''13.6'''
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Career
| 104 || 75 || 24.6 || .538 || .338 || .716 || 5.2 || 1.7 || 1.5 || .5 || 10.7
{{s-end}}

== Ìwífúnni olùṣeré ==
Oladipo jẹ́ olùṣọ́ ìbọn tí ó tún lè gbá bọ́ọ̀lù.[1] Olùkọ́ni Indiana Tom Crean sábà máa ń sọ pé àṣeyọrí Oladipo jẹ́ nítorí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tó lágbára àti ìmúrasílẹ̀ rẹ̀ kí ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré àtúnyẹ̀wò fíìmù. A mọ̀ Oladipo fún ṣíṣeré àwọn olùfẹ́ pẹ̀lú àwọn ìbọn amóríyá. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkéde Clark Kellogg ti sọ, &quot;Victor Oladipo dàbí ìsàlẹ̀ ọmọ kékeré, ó mọ́lẹ̀, nígbà míì... ó sì máa ń bú gbàù.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://network.yardbarker.com/college_basketball/article_external/clark_kellogg_compares_victor_oladipo_to_a/12885628/|title=Announcer's odd comparison for Oladipo|publisher=Yard Barker|access-date=February 10, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí wọ́n bá ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù, Oladipo lè fi agbára àti ìfarabalẹ̀ wakọ̀ lọ síbi ìdíje náà, pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ agbára rẹ̀ láti fò sókè. Lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ́gun Indiana lórí Michigan tí ó wà ní ipò kìíní, olùkọ́ni John Beilein sọ pé, “Mo ti rí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn òṣèré. Mi ò mọ̀ bóyá mo ti rí ọ̀kan tí ó yára tàbí tí ó yára, tí ó sì ní eré ìdárayá jù, ju Oladipo lọ. Ó ṣòro láti dúró níwájú rẹ̀.”[1] Ọgbọ́n ìkọlù rẹ̀ ń pọ̀ sí i bí agbára ìbọn rẹ̀ níta ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọdọọdún nínú iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga.

Ní ti ààbò, wọ́n ti ṣàpèjúwe Oladipo gẹ́gẹ́ bí “agbèjà tí kò ní ìdíwọ́ tí ó lè dáàbò bo ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipò”.[1] Ó ní ìyára láti dáàbò bo àwọn olùṣọ́ ojú ọ̀nà àti agbára àti ìfẹ́ eré ìdárayá láti dáàbò bo iwájú tí a bá mú un ní àìbáramu.[1] Ìfẹ́ eré ìdárayá àti ìfojúsùn rẹ̀ mú kí ó ṣòro láti fi àṣírí sí i. Ó tún ń padà bọ̀ sípò dáadáa ní ipò rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenberg&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://insider.espn.com/blog/ncbexperts/|title=Top 10 closers in college hoops|work=ESPN.com|date=February 5, 2013|access-date=February 5, 2013|author=Greenberg, Seth}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìfarahàn tẹlifíṣọ̀n ==
Ní ọdún 2019, Oladipo díje ní àsìkò kejì ti The Masked Singer gẹ́gẹ́ bí &quot;Thingamajig&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://ew.com/tv/2019/12/11/thingamajig-the-masked-singer-interview-victor-oladipo/|title=Thingamajig liked looking weird on The Masked Singer because he's not an ordinary dude|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|first=Lynette|last=Rice|date=December 11, 2019|access-date=April 10, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
Oladipo jẹ́ ẹlẹ́sìn Kátólíìkì.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Shaughnessy|first=John|date=April 6, 2018|title='God is the reason': Pacers star soars through life with a joy and passion that drives his game, his faith (April 6, 2018)|url=https://www.archindy.org/criterion/local/2018/04-06/pacers.html|access-date=March 4, 2021|website=The Criterion}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ní ọmọbìnrin kan, Naomi, tí a bí ní ọdún 2022&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Chazaro|first1=Alan|title=Victor Oladipo Wants to Put Out a Song With Damian Lillard|url=https://www.gq.com/story/victor-oladipo-interview-23|website=GQ Sports|date=October 24, 2023|access-date=February 10, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwón ítókasi ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}{{basketballstats|nba=203506|bbr=o/oladivi01}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150604171532/http://www.iuhoosiers.com/sports/m-baskbl/mtt/oladipo_victor00.html Indiana Hoosiers bio]{{Navboxes|list={{Sporting News College Men's Basketball Player of the Year}}
{{Adolph Rupp Trophy}}
{{NABC Defensive Player of the Year}}
{{2013 NCAA Men's Basketball Consensus All-Americans}}
{{2013 NBA draft}}
{{NBA Most Improved Players}}
{{NBA steals leaders}}}}{{Portal bar|Basketball}}</text>
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    <title>Sampo Ala</title>
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{{Infobox football biography|name=Sampo Ala|full_name=Sampo Ala|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|2002|01|18}}|birth_place=[[Finland]]|height=1.84m|position=[[Forward (association football)|Forward]]|currentclub=[[Rovaniemen Palloseura|RoPS]]|clubnumber=24|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Rovaniemen Palloseura|RoPS]]|years1=2018–|clubs1=[[Rovaniemen Palloseura|RoPS]]|caps1=25|goals1=1|years2=2019–|clubs2=[[Rovaniemen Palloseura|RoPS II]]|caps2=41|goals2=11|nationalyears1=2018|nationalteam1=[[Finland national under-16 football team|Finland U16]]|nationalcaps1=3|nationalgoals1=0|nationalyears2=2018–2019|nationalteam2=[[Finland national under-17 football team|Finland U17]]|nationalcaps2=7|nationalgoals2=2|nationalyears3=2019–|nationalteam3=[[Finland national under-18 football team|Finland U18]]|nationalcaps3=2|nationalgoals3=1|club-update=29 August 2021|ntupdate=19 November 2019}}

 
'''Sampo Ala''' (a bí i ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kìíní ọdún 2002) jẹ [[Boolu-afesegba|agbabọọlu]] alamọdaju ara ilu Finnish ti o ṣere bii iwaju fun ẹgbẹ Ykkönen Rovaniemen Palloseura.&lt;ref&gt;https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/541409/&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Iṣẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ ==
Ala, ọmọ ile-ẹkọ ọdọ RoPS, kọ́kọ́ gba ife-ẹ̀yẹ rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kẹta ọdún 2018 nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun KuPS pẹ̀lú àmì-ẹ̀yẹ 2-0. &lt;ref&gt;https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2018/03/10/finland/suomen-cup/kuopion-palloseuraoy/rops-rovaniemi/2687066/&lt;/ref&gt; Ó kọ́kọ́ gbá bọ́ọ̀lù Veikkausliiga ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2019 níbi tí wọ́n ti fà á 2–2 sí KuPS, ó sì gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ ìfarapa ní àkókò ìpalára.&lt;ref&gt;https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2019/04/03/finland/veikkausliiga/kuopion-palloseuraoy/rops-rovaniemi/2967551/&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Iṣẹ́ kárí ayé ==
Ala jẹ́ ọ̀dọ́ àgbáyé láti Finland.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.palloliitto.fi/maajoukkueet/pojat/u17-2002/joukkue/joukkue-2018{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.palloliitto.fi/jalkapallouutiset/u18-pojille-niukka-tappio-georgiaa-vastaan&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Àwọn ìṣirò iṣẹ́ ==

=== Ẹgbẹ́ ===
{{updated|14 August 2020}} Láti ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2020
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ẹgbẹ́
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Àkókò
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Ajumọṣe
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ife
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Òmíràn
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Àròpọ̀
|-
! Ẹ̀ka
! Àwọn àpù
! Àwọn góólù
! Àwọn àpù
! Àwọn góólù
! Àwọn àpù
! Àwọn góólù
! Àwọn àpù
! Àwọn góólù
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Àwọn Rópù
| 2018
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Veikkausliiga
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | —
| 1
| 0
|-
| 2019
| 8
| 1
| 5
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 13
| 2
|-
| 2020
| 7
| 0
| 4
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | —
| 11
| 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Àròpọ̀ iṣẹ́ tí a ṣe
! 15
! 1
! 10
! 1
! 0
! 0
! 25
! 2
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 2002]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abena busia</title>
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      <comment>Mó tumo ise Onkọwe ati akewi ọmọ orilẹ-ede Ghana</comment>
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      <text bytes="12655" sha1="ovbei54j9n974yb9yoqweomfxy1qfuj" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Ghanaian diplomat and writer (born 1953)}}{{Use British English|date=July 2023}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}{{Infobox person|image=IBPA 12346 - Audiência com a embaixadora da República de Gana no Brasil, Abena - 2018-03-07 - Eduardo Beleske-PMPA.jpg|imagesize=|name=Abena Busia|birth_name=Abena Pokua Adompim Busia|birth_date={{birth year and age|1953}}|father=[[Kofi Abrefa Busia]]|mother=Naa Morkor Busia|relatives=[[Akosua Busia]] (sister)|education={{plainlist|
* [[St Anne's College, Oxford]]
* [[St. Antony's College|St. Antony's College, Oxford]]
}}|occupation=Lecturer, writer, poet, feminist, diplomat|birth_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|years_active=|known_for=}}'''Abena Pokua Adompim Busia''' (tí a bí ní ọdún 1953) jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé, akéwì, ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́ àwọn obìnrin, olùkọ́ ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga, àti aṣojú ìjọba láti orílẹ̀-èdè Ghana. Ó jẹ́ ọmọbìnrin ààrẹ ìjọba tẹ́lẹ̀ rí ní Ghana, Kofi Abrefa Busia, ó sì tún jẹ́ arábìnrin òṣèrébìnrin Akosua Busia. Busia jẹ́ olùkọ́ àgbà (associate professor) ní ẹ̀ka ìmọ̀ Lítíréṣọ̀ ní èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, àti ìmọ̀ nípa àwọn obìnrin àti ọ̀rọ̀ nípa akọ àti abo (gender studies) ní Yunifásítì Rutgers..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Abena P. A. Busia|url=http://www.feministpress.org/books/abena-p-busia|website=The Feminist Press|access-date=2016-01-29|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160206014706/http://www.feministpress.org/books/abena-p-busia|archivedate=2016-02-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Busia, Abena P. A. 1953–|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/article-1G2-3079400024/busia-abera-p-1953.html|website=www.encyclopedia.com|access-date=2016-01-29|archive-date=3 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203163525/http://www.encyclopedia.com/article-1G2-3079400024/busia-abera-p-1953.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Celebrating&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Celebrating Professor Abena Busia: Works and Achievements {{!}} The African Women's Development Fund (AWDF)|url=http://awdf.org/celebrating-professor-abena-busia-works-and-achievements/|website=awdf.org|date=28 June 2011|access-date=2016-01-29|archive-date=1 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201084131/http://awdf.org/celebrating-professor-abena-busia-works-and-achievements/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ramblings of a Procrastinator in Accra: When Samia met Abena: Two Daughters, Two Legacies and One Meeting|url=http://chardonas.blogspot.com/2009/09/when-samia-met-abena-two-daughters-two.html|website=Ramblings of a Procrastinator in Accra|date=2009-09-22|access-date=2016-01-29|first=Abena|last=Serwaa|archive-date=11 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311224226/http://chardonas.blogspot.com/2009/09/when-samia-met-abena-two-daughters-two.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ aṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè Ghana ní Brazil láti ọdún 2017 títí di oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11july&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2017/July-10th/heres-a-full-list-of-akufo-addos-22-newly-appointed-ambassadors.php|title=Here's a full list of Akufo-Addo's 22 newly appointed Ambassadors|date=2017-07-11|access-date=2017-07-15|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119074322/http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2017/July-10th/heres-a-full-list-of-akufo-addos-22-newly-appointed-ambassadors.php|archive-date=2017-11-19|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;akufoaddo&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Prez Akufo-Addo swears in five new envoys|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/prez-akufo-addo-swears-in-five-new-envoys.html|location=Accra, Ghana|newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|accessdate=5 November 2019|archive-date=14 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814194533/http://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/prez-akufo-addo-swears-in-five-new-envoys.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹlu aṣẹ aṣoju si awọn orilẹ-ede olominira mejila miiran ni Gusu Amẹrika.&lt;ref name=&quot;WLP&quot;&gt;[https://learningpartnership.org/people/abena-busia &quot;Abena Busia&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009053050/https://learningpartnership.org/people/abena-busia|date=9 October 2018}} at Women's Learning Partnership.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbà èwe àti ètò-ẹ̀kọ́ ==
A bí Busia ní Accra, Ghana, sínú ìdílé ọba Yenfri ti Wenchi ní agbègbè Brong-Ahafo ní Ghana; àwọn òbí rẹ̀ ni Kofi Abrefa Busia, ẹni tí ó ti jẹ́ Olórí Orílẹ̀-èdè Ghana rí, àti aya rẹ̀, Naa (Morkor) Busia. Ó lo ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ ní Ghana, Netherlands, àti Mexico kí ó tó kó lọ sí Oxford, níbi tí ìdílé rẹ̀ ti wá dúró sí nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín..&lt;ref name=&quot;DofA&quot;&gt;Margaret Busby, ''Daughters of Africa'', London: Jonathan Cape, 1992, p. 868.&lt;/ref&gt;

Busia gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí B.A. nínú ẹ̀kọ́ èdè àti lítíréṣọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ní St Anne's College, Oxford, ní ọdún 1976, ó sì tún gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí D.Phil. nínú ẹ̀kọ́ nípa àṣà àti ìgbésí-ayé ènìyàn (social anthropology) ní St. Antony's College ní ọdún 1984. Ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ àlejò (external tutor) ní Ruskin College—ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ tó dá lórí ọ̀rọ̀ àjọṣe láàrin àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àti agbanisíṣẹ́, èyí tí ó sì ní ìsopọ̀ pẹ̀lú Yunifásítì Oxford—àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ àlejò ní Ẹ̀ka Ẹ̀kọ́ nípa ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà àti àwọn ará Amẹ́ríkà tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ-ìbílẹ̀ Áfíríkà (African and Afro-American Studies) ní Yunifásítì Yale. Ó tún ti gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àǹfàní ìwádìí àti ẹ̀kọ́ lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí gíga jùlọ (post-doctoral fellowships), títí kan Andrew Mellon Fellowship ní Ẹ̀ka Ẹ̀kọ́ Èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ní Bryn Mawr College, àti Institute for American Cultures Fellowship ní Center for Afro-American Studies, UCLA..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Busia, Abena|url=http://womens-studies.rutgers.edu/for-faculty/219-abena-busia|website=womens-studies.rutgers.edu|access-date=2016-01-29|first=Dave|last=Motovidlak|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001305/http://womens-studies.rutgers.edu/for-faculty/219-abena-busia|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Busia jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn olùdarí iṣẹ́-àkànṣe &quot;Women Writing Africa&quot; ​​(èyí tí ó ṣe àtẹ̀jáde àkójọ ìwé oní-apá mẹ́rin tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Women Writing Africa&quot; ​​láàrín ọdún 2002 sí 2008), ó sì tún jẹ́ Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n ní ẹ̀ka èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ní Yunifásítì Rutgers àti Olórí Ẹ̀ka Ẹ̀kọ́ nípa Àwọn Obìnrin àti Ọ̀rọ̀ nípa Ìyàtọ̀ láàrín Akọ àti Abo (Women's and Gender Studies)..&lt;ref name=&quot;WLP&quot; /&gt;

Ó tún ti kọ́ni ní àwọn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ mìíràn, títí kan Yale àti Yunifásítì ti Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Abena Busia|url=http://www.ghanavisions.com/articles/6837-abena-busia.html|author=Curtis M|website=GhanaVisions|date=4 June 2012|access-date=2016-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202020316/http://www.ghanavisions.com/articles/6837-abena-busia.html|archive-date=2 February 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ààrẹ fún Association for the Study of the Worldwide African Diaspora àti African Literature Association, lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ báyìí sì ni ó ń darí ìgbìmọ̀ AWDF-USA, èyí tí í ṣe àjọ tí ó jẹ́ ẹ̀ka ti African Women's Development Fund (AWDF)—àjọ àkọ́kọ́ tó ní ìpìlẹ̀ kárí ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà láti ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún iṣẹ́ àwọn àjọ tó ń gbèjà ẹ̀tọ́ àwọn obìnrin ní Áfíríkà..&lt;ref name=&quot;WLP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://awdf.org/about-us-2/ &quot;About Us&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824160723/https://awdf.org/about-us-2/|date=2021-08-24}}, AWDF.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Writing ===
Busia ti ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìwé tí àwọn obìnrin dúdú kọ, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ nípa àkókò ìjọba amúnisìn, àti àwọn ìwádìí nípa àkókò lẹ́yìn ìjọba amúnisìn. Àwọn ìwé ìmọ̀ tí ó ti kópa nínú ṣíṣàtúnṣe wọn pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹlòmíràn pẹ̀lú *Theorizing Black Feminisms: The Visionary Pragmatism of Black Women&quot; (1993) àti &quot;Beyond Survival: African Literature and the Search for New Life* (1999). Ní ​​àfikún, òun ló kọ àwọn ìwé ewì méjì: &quot;Testimonies of Exile&quot; (1990) àti &quot;Traces of Life&quot; (2008). Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ wà nínú àwọn àkójọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ bíi &quot;Daughters of Africa&quot; (tí Margaret Busby ṣàtúnṣe rẹ̀, 1992)..&lt;ref name=&quot;DofA&quot; /&gt;

== Aṣoju ilẹ̀ Ghana ==
Ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2017, Ààrẹ Nana Akuffo-Addo yan Abena Busia gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè Ghana ní Brazil. Ó wà lára ​​àwọn ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Ghana mọ́kànlélógún mìíràn tí wọ́n ní ọlá, tí wọ́n sì yàn láti darí àwọn iṣẹ́ aṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè Ghana ní onírúurú apá ibi lágbàáyé.[1] Ó ṣe iṣẹ́ aṣojú ní Brazil títí di oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2025..&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20260124110210/https://brasilia.mfa.gov.gh/h-e-nii-amasah-namoale-following-his-appointment-as-ghanas-ambassador-to-the-federative-republic-of-brazil/ Website Ghana's Embassy in Brazil]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àkójọ àwọn ìwé tí a yàn ==

=== Poetry ===

* Àwọn Ẹ̀rí Ìgbèkùn — ewì, tí Akosua Busia ṣàpẹẹrẹ (Africa World Press,, 1990; {{ISBN|978-0865431614}})
* Àwọn Àmì Ìgbésí Ayé: Àkójọ Àwọn Ewì Àti Àwọn Ewì Ìyìn (Ayebia Clarke Publishing, 2008; {{ISBN|978-0955507977}})

=== As editor ===

* Ṣíṣe Àgbékalẹ̀ Ẹ̀kọ́ nípa Ìjàfún-ẹ̀tọ́-àwọn-Obìnrin Dúdú: Ọgbọ́n Ìṣe-nǹkan-bí-ó-ti-rí pẹ̀lú Ìran-ọjọ́-iwájú ti àwọn Obìnrin Dúdú — Àjọ-ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olóòtú pẹ̀lú Stanlie M. James(Routledge, 1993; {{ISBN|978-0415073370}})
* Kọja Iwalaaye: Iwe Afirika ati Wiwa Igbesi aye Tuntun, olootu alajọṣepọ pẹlu Kofi Anyidoho ati Anne Adams (Afrika World Press,1999; {{ISBN|978-0865437098}})
* Àwọn Obìnrin tó ń Kọ̀wé nípa Áfíríkà: Ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà àti Sahel(2005)

== Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti ìdánimọ̀ ==
Ní oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2011, láti ṣe àyẹ́yẹ ọdún ọgọ́rùn-ún ti Ọjọ́ Àwọn Obìnrin Àgbáyé, àjọ AWDF dá Abena Busia mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn obìnrin ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà àádọ́ta tí wọ́n ń gbani níyànjú nínú ìgbàjàgbà fún ẹ̀tọ́ àwọn obìnrin; wọ́n sì ṣe àyẹ́yẹ ní gbangba láti bọ̀wọ̀ fún un ní oṣù Kẹfà ní National Theatre ní Accra..&lt;ref name=&quot;Celebrating&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://awdf.org/international-womens-day-celebrating-50-inspirational-african-feminists/ &quot;International Women's Day: Celebrating 50 Inspirational African Feminists&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009052949/http://awdf.org/international-womens-day-celebrating-50-inspirational-african-feminists/|date=9 October 2018}}, AWDF.&lt;/ref&gt;

Òun ni ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ àti Alága àjọ Busia Foundation International; èyí jẹ́ àjọ tí kìí ṣe ti ìjọba, tí a sì dá sílẹ̀ láti fi bu ọlá fún olóògbé Kofi Abrefa Busia, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ Alákòóso Àgbà orílẹ̀-èdè Ghana tẹ́lẹ̀ rí,[1] ẹni tí a sì ṣe àyẹ́yẹ ìrántí ọdún ogójì (40) ikú rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àpérò ìrántí ní gbangba ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n-ó-dín-mẹ́ta oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2018 ní Accra International Conference Centre..&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.modernghana.com/news/877766/wife-of-dr-busia-nana-addo-abena-busia-on-august-28th-memo.html &quot;Wife Of Dr Busia, Nana Addo, Abena Busia On August 28th Memorial Lecture&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009052924/https://www.modernghana.com/news/877766/wife-of-dr-busia-nana-addo-abena-busia-on-august-28th-memo.html|date=9 October 2018}}, ''Modern Ghana'', 24 August 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;

== See also ==

* [[Kofi Abrefa Busia]]
* [[Akosua Busia]]
* [[List of Ghanaian writers]]

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist|30em}}{{Authority control}}
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      <comment>Mo fi ítumo sí ise akorin Ọmọ ilẹ̀ Ethiopia</comment>
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      <text bytes="14561" sha1="9py2kez6r7szpt3gyy10hxr5vhr5n11" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Ethiopian singer (born 1941)}}{{similar names|Mahmoud Ahmed (disambiguation)}} {{Patronymic name|Mahmoud|Ahmed|his|father}} {{BLP sources|date=December 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}{{Infobox musical artist|name=Mahmoud Ahmed &lt;br /&gt; ማሕሙድ አሕመድ|image=Mahmoudahmedfeature.jpg|alt=|caption=Mahmoud Ahmed performing in 2005|image_size=|birth_name=|alias=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1941|05|08|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopia|origin=[[Gurage people|Gurage]], Ethiopia|death_date={{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}}|death_place=|instrument=Vocals|genre={{hlist|[[Music of Ethiopia|Ethiopian music]]|[[Ethio-jazz]]|[[World music]]}}|occupation=|years_active=1970s&amp;ndash;present|label={{hlist|[[Philips Records]]}}|website=}}'''Mahmoud Ahmed''' ([[Amharic language|Amharic]]: ማሕሙድ አሕመድ; A bí i ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 1941)&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Garth|last=Cartwright|title=Awards for World Music 2007 – Mahmoud Ahmed|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/worldmusic/a4wm2007/2007_mahmoud_ahmed.shtml|publisher=[[BBC Radio 3]]|year=2007|access-date=8 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Observer|first=Ethiopia|date=8 May 2018|title=Ten things to know Mahmoud Ahmed on his 77th birthday|url=https://www.ethiopiaobserver.com/2018/05/08/ten-things-to-know-mahmoud-ahmed-on-his-77th-birthday/|access-date=19 July 2021|website=Ethiopia Observer|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;allmusic&quot;&gt;{{AllMusic|label=Mahmoud Ahmed|class=artist|id=mahmoud-ahmed-mn0000814766|tab=biography}}&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ́ akọrin ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Ethiopia.&lt;ref name=&quot;Afropop WW&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com/view/page.basic/artist/content.artist/mahmoud_ahmed/en_US|title=Mahmoud Ahmed|last=Eyre|first=Banning|work=National Geographic World Music|publisher=[[Afropop Worldwide]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080610174203/http://www.afropop.org/explore/artist_info/ID/195/Mahmoud%20Ahmed/|archive-date=10 June 2008|url-status=dead|access-date=22 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó di ẹni tí ó gbajúmọ̀ gidigidi ní Ethiopia ní àwọn ọdún 1970 àti láàárín àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ Ethiopia tí wọ́n ń gbé ní òkè-òkun ní àwọn ọdún 1980, kí ó tó wá di ẹni tí ó ní òkìkí kárí-ayé láàárín àwọn olólùfẹ́ orin ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ní Yúróòpù àti ní àwọn ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà..

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
Bi ni Addis Ababa, agbegbe Mercato&lt;ref name=&quot;ethiopiques6&quot;&gt;{{cite AV media notes|last=Falceto|first=Francis|authorlink=Francis Falceto|title=Almaz 1973|series=[[Éthiopiques]]|volume=6|others=Mahmoud Ahmed|publisher=Buda Musique|id=829792|year=1999}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lati igba ti o ti wa ni kekere, orin ti Mahmoud n gbọ lori redio Ethiopia ti n fa ifẹ rẹ mọra gidigidi. Nitori pe ko ni anfani lati gba ẹkọ to peye ni ile-iwe, o kọkọ ṣiṣẹ bi ẹni ti n dan bata, ki o to wa di oṣiṣẹ ti n ṣe oniruru iṣẹ atunṣe ni Arizona Club; ibi yii si jẹ ibi ti ẹgbẹ akọrin ti awọn oluso-ara pataki ti Emperor Haile Selassie I maa n lọ lati sinmi lẹhin ti wọn ba ti pari iṣẹ wọn..&lt;ref name=&quot;ethiopiques6&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;earthworks&quot;&gt;{{cite AV media notes|title=Soul of Addis|others=Mahmoud Ahmed|year=1997|publisher=Earthworks/Stern's|id=STEW35CD}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni alẹ́ kan ní ọdún 1962, nígbà tí akọrin ẹgbẹ́ akọrin náà kò wá, Mahmoud béèrè láti kọrin díẹ̀..&lt;ref name=&quot;ethiopiques6&quot; /&gt; Kò pẹ́ tó fi di ara àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ akọrin náà tí wọ́n máa ń ṣe iṣẹ́ déédéé, ó sì wà níbẹ̀ títí di ọdún 1974..&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc2007&quot; /&gt;

Lẹ́yìn tí ó ti kọrin àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ akọrin Venus Band—àwọn orin bíi &quot;Nafqot New Yegodagn&quot; àti &quot;Yasdestal&quot;—ní ọdún 1971, Mahmoud tẹ̀síwájú láti máa gbé orin jáde pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹgbẹ́ akọrin fún àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ tó ń gbé orin jáde bíi Amha àti Kaifa ní gbogbo àkókò ọdún 1970 sí 1979. Bí wọ́n ṣe yọ Ọba Selassie lórí oyè tí wọ́n sì dá eré orin alẹ́ dúró lábẹ́ ìjọba ológun fa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ètò orin ní Ethiopia—ẹgbẹ́ akọrin Imperial Body Guard Band kò sí mọ́, ṣùgbọ́n Mahmoud tẹ̀síwájú láti máa ṣe àwọn orin àti kásẹ́ẹ̀tì tó gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn akọrin tí wọ́n dúró sí orílẹ̀-èdè náà, títí kan ẹgbẹ́ Dahlak Band àti Ibex Band. Ó tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní gbé àwọn kásẹ́ẹ̀tì orin tirẹ̀ nìkan jáde, níbi tí ó ti máa ń lo ohun-èlò orin bíi krar, gìtá tàbí mandolin láti fi tẹ̀lé orin rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tadias.com/11/29/2008/mahamud-ahmed-at-benefit-concert-to-build-ethiopian-church-in-san-diego/|title=Mahamud Ahmed at a Benefit Concert to Build Ethiopian Church in San Diego at Tadias Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}
[[Fáìlì:Mahmoud_Ahmed_in_DC.jpg|thumb|Mahmoud Ahmed performing in Washington DC at the 2008 Ethiopian Soccer Tournament]]
Ni ọdun 1978, awọn ofin ihamọ lori iṣẹ ọna ṣe idiwọ fun Mahmoud lati gbe orin rẹ jade lori awọn awo orin (vinyl), nitorinaa o yipada si gbigbe orin rẹ jade lori awọn kasẹti. Ni awọn ọdun 1980, Mahmoud ṣi ile itaja orin tirẹ ni agbegbe Piazza ni ilu Addis Ababa, lakoko ti o tun n tẹsiwaju pẹlu iṣẹ orin rẹ. Pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn asasala ilẹ Ethiopia ti n gbe ni okeere, Mahmoud di ọkan ninu awọn akọrin ilẹ Ethiopia ti igbalode akọkọ lati ṣe ere orin ni orilẹ-ede Amẹrika lakoko irin-ajo orin ti ọdun 1980–1981 pẹlu ẹgbẹ Walias Band, Getachew Kassa, ati Webeshet Fisseha. Ko pẹ, Mahmoud bẹrẹ si ni gbe awọn orin jade pẹlu ẹgbẹ Roha Band, o si di olokiki laarin awọn ara ilu Ethiopia ti n gbe ni okeere..&lt;ref name=&quot;Afropop WW&quot; /&gt;

Ni ọdun 1986, orin Mahmoud bẹrẹ si ni de ọdọ awọn olugbo ti o pọ sii ni awọn orilẹ-ede iwọ-oorun agbaye, nigba ti ile-iṣẹ orin ti ilẹ Belgium ti a npe ni Crammed Discs gbe awo orin kan ti akori rẹ jẹ *Ere Mela Mela* jade; awo yii jẹ akojọpọ awọn orin lati inu awọn awo orin meji ti Mahmoud ti kọkọ gbasilẹ ni Addis pẹlu ẹgbẹ orin Ibex Band ni ọdun mẹwaa ṣaaju igba yẹn, ti ọkan ninu wọn si ni orukọ rẹ gẹgẹbi akọle rẹ. (ማሕሙድ፡ኣሕመድ).&lt;ref name=&quot;Afropop WW&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ethiopiques7&quot;&gt;{{cite AV media notes|first=Anaïs|last=Prosaïc|series=[[Éthiopiques]]|volume=7|title=Ere Mela Mela 1975|others=Mahmoud Ahmed|publisher=[[Buda Musique]]|id=829802|year=1999|pages=15–16}}&lt;/ref&gt; Orílẹ̀-èdè Ethiopia wà ní ojú ìwé ìròyìn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ìwọ̀-oòrùn ayé nítorí ìnilára nípa òṣèlú àti ìyàn, nígbà tí irúfẹ́ orin ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ tí Mahmoud kọ́kọ́ gbé jáde fún àgbáyé sì gba ìyìn púpọ̀ láàrin àwọn olólùfẹ́ orin láti onírúurú apá ibi gbogbo lágbàáyé. Mahmoud tún gbajúmọ̀ sí i ní àgbáyé ní ìparí àwọn ọdún 1990 lẹ́yìn tí ilé-iṣẹ́ Buda Musique bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ta àwọn àkópọ̀ orin &quot;Éthiopiques&quot; lórí àwo CD. Èyí yọrí sí ṣíṣe àwọn orin tuntun àti rírìn kiri láti ṣe eré ní Europe àti United States pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹgbẹ́ akọrin bíi Either/Orchestra ti Boston àti Badume Band. Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé ó ti sọ Addis Ababa di ibùgbé rẹ̀, ó sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àjọ tí kì í ṣe ti ìjọba (NGOs) àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún àwùjọ.,&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;Ó ń tẹ̀síwájú láti máa ṣe ìrìn-àjò orin káàkiri àgbáyé, ó sì ń ṣe àwọn ìṣẹ̀fihàn orin fún àwọn olólùfẹ́ orin láti onírúurú apá ibi gbogbo àti fún àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ Ethiopia tí wọ́n ń gbé ní òkè-òkun..&lt;ref name=&quot;Afropop WW&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 1996, Mahmoud ṣe àfihàn àwo orin &quot;Tizita,&quot; èyí tí ó jẹ́ àkójọpọ̀ àwọn orin mẹ́wàá tí ó dára jùlọ lára ​​àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó tún ṣe àfihàn apá kejì (Volume 2) rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún méjì lẹ́yìn náà. Àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ akọrin Roha Band díẹ̀ ló kópa nínú ṣíṣe àwọn àwo méjèèjì wọ̀nyí, wọ́n sì tún ní àtìlẹ́yìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ Abegazu Kibrework àti Tilaye Gebre. Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé orin &quot;Ere Mela Mela&quot; ló sọ ọ́ di ẹni tí gbogbo ènìyàn mọ̀ dáadáa, orin &quot;Tizita&quot; ló wá jẹ́ ohun tí wọ́n fi mọ Mahmoud jùlọ; irúfẹ́ orin yìí máa ń mú kí ènìyàn rántí àwọn nǹkan ti àtijọ́ pẹ̀lú ìlù rẹ̀ tí ó rọra máa ń lọ, tí ó sì tún dùn mọ́ni láti gbọ́. Itúmọ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;Tizita&quot; jẹ́ &quot;ìrántí,&quot; èyí tí ó jọ èrò &quot;saudade&quot; tí ó wọ́pọ̀ nínú orin &quot;fado&quot; ti ilẹ̀ Portugal. Àwọn orin tí ó wà nínú àwo rẹ̀ ti ọdún 1997 tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Soul of Addis&quot; dá lórí àwọn kókó-ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó jọra, níbi tí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ìfẹ́, àdáwà, ìfẹ́-ọkàn láti rí ohun kan tàbí ẹnìkan, àti jíjẹ́ ẹni tí ó wà ní dá-nìkan-wà ti farahàn léraléra nínú àwọn orin náà..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ènìyàn kò mọ̀ ọ́n, Mahmoud jẹ́ òṣèré nínú iṣẹ́ ọnà ojú-ìwòrán, ẹni tí ó máa ń ṣẹ̀dá iṣẹ́ ọnà nípasẹ̀ yíyà àwòrán àti ṣíṣe àwọn àpèjúwe nípa lílo pẹ́nsùùlù. Ó máa ń lo pẹ́nsùùlù láti ṣe àwọn àpèjúwe lórí onírúurú kókó-ọ̀rọ̀, ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú bí nǹkan ṣe rí tàbí bí ó ṣe nímọ̀lára ní àkókò yẹn. Àjọ Alliance Ethio-Française ní Addis Ababa ti fẹ́ kí ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ rí, ṣùgbọ́n ó kọ̀ láti ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Dwek|first=Joel|date=27 May 2021|title=ETHIOPIA: Soul Of Addis – Mahmoud Ahmed|url=https://www.200worldalbums.com/post/ethiopia-soul-of-addis-mahmoud-ahmed|access-date=11 October 2023|website=200worldalbums.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2000, Mahmoud ṣe àfihàn àwo orin &quot;Hulum Yisma.&quot; Àwo náà mú àwọn orin àti ọ̀rọ̀ orin tuntun wá fún àwọn olólùfẹ́ rẹ̀—àwọn ohun tí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ kò tíì gbọ́ tàbí rí láti ọ̀dọ̀ rẹ̀ fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún. Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé Dawit Yifru, ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ olókìkí &quot;Roha Band,&quot; ló ṣètò ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ nínú àwọn orin náà, ẹgbẹ́ akọrin &quot;3M Band&quot;—tí ó jẹ́ tuntun tí àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ ọ̀dọ́—ló bá a ṣe iṣẹ́ náà; lára ​​àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ wọn tí ó lókìkí ni Elias Melka àti Yenesew Tefera..&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=BBC Awards for World Music: Mahmoud Ahmed|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/worldmusic/a4wm2007/2007_mahmoud_ahmed.shtml|access-date=13 November 2011|publisher=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ akọrin 3M wá bá Mahmoud ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ láti gbé àwo orin &quot;Yitbarek&quot; jáde ní ọdún 2003; àkójọpọ̀ àwọn orin ìgbéyàwó ìbílẹ̀ ilẹ̀ Ethiopia àti àwọn orin Mahmoud ti ìgbàanì ni ó wà nínú rẹ̀. Orin tí ó gbé orúkọ àwo náà ru, pẹ̀lú &quot;Musheraye&quot; àti &quot;Hay Loga&quot;, jẹ́ lára ​​àwọn orin ìbílẹ̀ pàtàkì tí ó wà nínú àwo yìí&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;..

Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé kò tíì ṣe àtẹ̀jáde orin tuntun fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún, iṣẹ́ orin Mahmoud ṣì wà láàyè, nítorí ó ti ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ orin pẹ̀lú àwọn olórin pàtàkì mìíràn bíi Tsehay Yohannes, Gossaye Tesfaye, Tommy T, àti àwọn gbajúmọ̀ olórin mìíràn..&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc2007&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, Mahmoud gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ BBC World Music Award..&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; ] Ní ọdún 2015, ó kópa nínú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kan nínú ètò Anthony Bourdain tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Parts Unknown&quot; ní Ethiopia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=&quot;Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown&quot; Ethiopia (TV Episode 2015) – IMDb|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt5133104/characters/nm4354492|access-date=11 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àkójọ àwọn iṣẹ́ orin ==

* ''Almaz'' with Ibex Band (1973 LP; reissued on CD in 1999 as ''[[Éthiopiques]] Volume 6'' by Buda Musique)
* ''Alemye'' (1974 LP, reissued on CD in 2005 as ''Éthiopiques Volume 19'' by Buda Musique)
* ''Ere Mela Mela'' (1975 LP, rereleased on [[Crammed Discs]] in 1986 with extra tracks, remixed, expanded and reissued on CD in 2000 as ''Ethiopiques Volume 7'' by Buda Musique)
* ''Soul of Addis'' (1997, Earthworks/Stern's Africa)
* ''Slow Collections'' (1998, Sounds of Abyssinia)
* ''Live in Paris'' (1998, Long Distance)
* ''Yitbarek'' (2003, Yene Production, rereleased by Nahom Records in 2007)
* ''Tizita Vol. 1 (The Best of...)'' (2003, AIT Records)
* ''Tizita Vol. 2 (The Best of...)'' (2003, AIT Records)
* ''[[The Rough Guide to the Music of Ethiopia (2004 album)|The Rough Guide to the Music of Ethiopia]]'' (2004, [[World Music Network]])
* ''Ethiogroove: Mahmoud Ahmed &amp; [[Either/Orchestra]]'', with Tsedenia G. Markos (2007, EthioSonic DVD)
* ''Éthiopiques Live: Mahmoud Ahmed, Alemayehu Eshete &amp; Badume's Band'' (2009, Innacor DVD)
* ''Éthiopiques 26: Mahmoud Ahmed &amp; Imperial Bodyguard Band, 1972–1974'' (collects music from singles released on the Philips label)
* ''[[The Rough Guide to the Music of Ethiopia (2012 album)|The Rough Guide to the Music of Ethiopia]]'' (2012, [[World Music Network]])

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==

* Jonathan Miran, &quot;Mahmoud Ahmed,&quot; Dictionary of African Biography, Eds. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Emmanuel K. Akyeampong (New York: Oxford University Press, 2012), Volume 4, pp.&amp;nbsp;43–44.

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

* {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051223085807/http://www.fly.co.uk/fly/archives/2005/10/mahmoud_ahmed_addis_swinger.html|date=23 December 2005|title=Interview with Mahmoud Ahmed on Fly Global Music Culture}}
* [http://www.discogs.com/artist/Mahmoud+Ahmed Discography of Mahmoud Ahmed] as provided by [[Discogs]]
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| sport          = [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]]
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'''Bachir Ahmat Mahamat''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1996) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje omo [[Tsad|Orílẹ̀ èdè Chad]] ... Ó kópa díje nínú ìdíje 400 mítà fún àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2020.]] &lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=26 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=1 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Bachir Ahmat Mahamat''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1996) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje omo [[Tsad|Orílẹ̀ èdè Chad]] ... Ó kópa díje nínú ìdíje 400 mítà fún àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2020.]] &lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/bachir-mahamat |title=Bachir Mahamat |work=Rio 2016 Olympics |publisher=[[Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=25 August 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826090733/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/bachir-mahamat |archive-date=26 August 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletics: MAHAMAT Bachir |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1728097-mahamat-bachir.htm |work=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=7 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801061957/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1728097-mahamat-bachir.htm |archive-date=1 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Bachir Ahmat Mahamat''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1996) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje omo [[Tsad|Orílẹ̀ èdè Chad]] ... Ó kópa díje nínú ìdíje 400 mítà fún àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2020.]] &lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/bachir-mahamat |title=Bachir Mahamat |work=Rio 2016 Olympics |publisher=[[Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=25 August 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826090733/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/bachir-mahamat |archive-date=26 August 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletics: MAHAMAT Bachir |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1728097-mahamat-bachir.htm |work=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=7 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801061957/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1728097-mahamat-bachir.htm |archive-date=1 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn Eré ni Àgbáyé ==

{| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}}
|-
!colspan=&quot;6&quot;|Gégébí aṣoju fún {{CHA}}
|-
|2016
|[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]
|[[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
|48th (h)
|400 m
|[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|48.59]]
|-
|rowspan=2|2017
|[[Athletics at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games|Islamic Solidarity Games]]
|[[Baku]], Azerbaijan
|11th (h)
|400 m
|[[Athletics at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games – Results#400 meters|48.23]]
|-
|[[2017 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]]
|London, United Kingdom
|47th (h)
|400 m
|[[2017 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 400 metres|47.50]]
|-
|2019
|[[2019 World Athletics Championships|World Championships]]
|[[Doha]], Qatar
|36th (h)
|400 m
|[[2019 World Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres|47.65]]
|-
|2021
|[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]
|[[Tokyo]], Japan
|42nd (h)
|400 m
|[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|47.93]]
|}</text>
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
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| nicknames      = 
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| death_date     = 
| death_place    = 
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| country        = {{flag|Chad}}
| sport          = [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]]
}}

'''Bachir Ahmat Mahamat''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1996) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje omo [[Tsad|Orílẹ̀ èdè Chad]] ... Ó kópa díje nínú ìdíje 400 mítà fún àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2020.]] &lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/bachir-mahamat |title=Bachir Mahamat |work=Rio 2016 Olympics |publisher=[[Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=25 August 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826090733/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/bachir-mahamat |archive-date=26 August 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletics: MAHAMAT Bachir |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1728097-mahamat-bachir.htm |work=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=7 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801061957/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1728097-mahamat-bachir.htm |archive-date=1 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn Eré ni Àgbáyé ==

{| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}}
|-
!colspan=&quot;6&quot;|Gégébí aṣoju fún {{CHA}}
|-
|2016
|[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]
|[[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
|48th (h)
|400 m
|[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|48.59]]
|-
|rowspan=2|2017
|[[Athletics at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games|Islamic Solidarity Games]]
|[[Baku]], Azerbaijan
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|400 m
|[[Athletics at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games – Results#400 meters|48.23]]
|-
|[[2017 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]]
|London, United Kingdom
|47th (h)
|400 m
|[[2017 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 400 metres|47.50]]
|-
|2019
|[[2019 World Athletics Championships|World Championships]]
|[[Doha]], Qatar
|36th (h)
|400 m
|[[2019 World Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres|47.65]]
|-
|2021
|[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]
|[[Tokyo]], Japan
|42nd (h)
|400 m
|[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|47.93]]
|}

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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'''Zacharia Maidjida''' jẹ́ [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì|asáré]] [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Omo orílẹ̀ èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]] tí ó jẹ́ Asáré jíjìn ... Ó ṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ nínú ìdíje oní 1500 àwọn ọkùnrin àti 800 àwọn ọkùnrin níbi ìdíje ti ọdún [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 1992|1992 Summer Olympics]] . Àkọsílẹ̀ Àkókò rẹ̀ jẹ́ 1:50.41 àti 3:55.72. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=18 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Zacharia Maidjida''' jẹ́ [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì|asáré]] [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Omo orílẹ̀ èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]] tí ó jẹ́ Asáré jíjìn ... Ó ṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ nínú ìdíje oní 1500 àwọn ọkùnrin àti 800 àwọn ọkùnrin níbi ìdíje ti ọdún [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 1992|1992 Summer Olympics]] . Àkọsílẹ̀ Àkókò rẹ̀ jẹ́ 1:50.41 àti 3:55.72. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/zacharia-maidjida-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418004830/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/zacharia-maidjida-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 April 2020|title=Zacharia Maidjida Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|access-date=29 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Zacharia Maidjida''' jẹ́ [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì|asáré]] [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Omo orílẹ̀ èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]] tí ó jẹ́ Asáré jíjìn ... Ó ṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ nínú ìdíje oní 1500 àwọn ọkùnrin àti 800 àwọn ọkùnrin níbi ìdíje ti ọdún [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 1992|1992 Summer Olympics]] . Àkọsílẹ̀ Àkókò rẹ̀ jẹ́ 1:50.41 àti 3:55.72. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/zacharia-maidjida-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418004830/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/zacharia-maidjida-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 April 2020|title=Zacharia Maidjida Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|access-date=29 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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      <text bytes="1035" sha1="2jesgkxgskv9x3jvpmdg5jnsdxtal19" xml:space="preserve">'''Elisabeth Mandaba''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1989) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín láti [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Central African Republic]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;OlympicBotGeneratedRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Níbi [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|ìdíje Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2012]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]], ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà ti àwọn obìnrin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2018-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n bí i ní [[Bangui]] .  Ó sì ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje eré ìdárayá àgbáyé ti ọdún 2013 àti títí Summer Universiade ti ọdún 2013, ó sì fi Àkọsílẹ̀ tuntun orílẹ̀-èdè náà lólè fún ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 58.35 nínú ìdíje ti òní 400 mítà níbi ìdíje tó kẹ́yìn.  

Ní ọdún 2016, ó ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè tuntun fún eré 800m pẹ̀lú àkókò 2:11.70.</text>
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'''Elisabeth Mandaba''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1989) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín láti [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Central African Republic]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;OlympicBotGeneratedRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Níbi [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|ìdíje Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2012]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]], ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà ti àwọn obìnrin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2018-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n bí i ní [[Bangui]] .  Ó sì ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje eré ìdárayá àgbáyé ti ọdún 2013 àti títí Summer Universiade ti ọdún 2013, ó sì fi Àkọsílẹ̀ tuntun orílẹ̀-èdè náà lólè fún ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 58.35 nínú ìdíje ti òní 400 mítà níbi ìdíje tó kẹ́yìn.  

Ní ọdún 2016, ó ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè tuntun fún eré 800m pẹ̀lú àkókò 2:11.70.</text>
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'''Elisabeth Mandaba''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1989) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín láti [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Central African Republic]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;OlympicBotGeneratedRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Níbi [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|ìdíje Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2012]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]], ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà ti àwọn obìnrin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|title=Elisabeth Mandaba Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002134556/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|archive-date=2018-10-02|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n bí i ní [[Bangui]] .  Ó sì ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje eré ìdárayá àgbáyé ti ọdún 2013 àti títí Summer Universiade ti ọdún 2013, ó sì fi Àkọsílẹ̀ tuntun orílẹ̀-èdè náà lólè fún ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 58.35 nínú ìdíje ti òní 400 mítà níbi ìdíje tó kẹ́yìn.  

Ní ọdún 2016, ó ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè tuntun fún eré 800m pẹ̀lú àkókò 2:11.70.</text>
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'''Elisabeth Mandaba''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1989) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín láti [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Central African Republic]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;OlympicBotGeneratedRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Níbi [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|ìdíje Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2012]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]], ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà ti àwọn obìnrin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|title=Elisabeth Mandaba Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002134556/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|archive-date=2018-10-02|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n bí i ní ìlú [[Bangui]] . &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html Elisabeth Mandaba] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925122006/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html |date=2015-09-25 }}. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó sì ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje eré ìdárayá àgbáyé ti ọdún 2013 àti títí Summer Universiade ti ọdún 2013, ó sì fi Àkọsílẹ̀ tuntun orílẹ̀-èdè náà lólè fún ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 58.35 nínú ìdíje ti òní 400 mítà níbi ìdíje tó kẹ́yìn.  

Ní ọdún 2016, ó ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè tuntun fún eré 800m pẹ̀lú àkókò 2:11.70.</text>
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      <text bytes="2335" sha1="dwaiouvspq5r6g7w45xlwtnske77ao6" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Central African Republic middle-distance runner}}

'''Elisabeth Mandaba''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1989) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín láti [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Central African Republic]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;OlympicBotGeneratedRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Níbi [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|ìdíje Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2012]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]], ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà ti àwọn obìnrin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|title=Elisabeth Mandaba Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002134556/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|archive-date=2018-10-02|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n bí i ní ìlú [[Bangui]] . &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html Elisabeth Mandaba] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925122006/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html |date=2015-09-25 }}. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó sì ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje eré ìdárayá àgbáyé ti ọdún 2013 àti títí Summer Universiade ti ọdún 2013, ó sì fi Àkọsílẹ̀ tuntun orílẹ̀-èdè náà lólè fún ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 58.35 nínú ìdíje ti òní 400 mítà níbi ìdíje tó kẹ́yìn.  &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/central-african-republic/elisabeth-mandaba-272121#honours Elisabeth Mandaba] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022064440/http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/central-african-republic/elisabeth-mandaba-272121#honours |date=2014-10-22 }}. IAAF. Retrieved on 2015-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://kazan2013.ru/hide/en/-240/Root/ViewPdf/ATW004900_C74A_1.0.PDF 2013 Universiade Women's 400 metres heats]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Kazan2013. Retrieved on 2015-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2016, ó ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè tuntun fún eré 800m pẹ̀lú àkókò 2:11.70.</text>
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'''Elisabeth Mandaba''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1989) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín láti [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà|Central African Republic]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;OlympicBotGeneratedRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Níbi [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|ìdíje Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2012]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]], ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà ti àwọn obìnrin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|title=Elisabeth Mandaba Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002134556/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html|archive-date=2018-10-02|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n bí i ní ìlú [[Bangui]] . &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html Elisabeth Mandaba] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925122006/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/elisabeth-mandaba-1.html |date=2015-09-25 }}. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó sì ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje eré ìdárayá àgbáyé ti ọdún 2013 àti títí Summer Universiade ti ọdún 2013, ó sì fi Àkọsílẹ̀ tuntun orílẹ̀-èdè náà lólè fún ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 58.35 nínú ìdíje ti òní 400 mítà níbi ìdíje tó kẹ́yìn.  &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/central-african-republic/elisabeth-mandaba-272121#honours Elisabeth Mandaba] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022064440/http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/central-african-republic/elisabeth-mandaba-272121#honours |date=2014-10-22 }}. IAAF. Retrieved on 2015-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://kazan2013.ru/hide/en/-240/Root/ViewPdf/ATW004900_C74A_1.0.PDF 2013 Universiade Women's 400 metres heats]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Kazan2013. Retrieved on 2015-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2016, ó ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè tuntun fún eré 800m pẹ̀lú àkókò 2:11.70.

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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'''Ilunga Mande Zatara''' (ti wón bi ni ọjọ Kejìlá oṣù kẹta ọdún 1983 ni Kipushi, [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|DR Congo]] ) je olusare fún orílẹ̀ èdè [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|DR Congo]] .  Ó kópa nínú díje tí [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|Olimpiiki Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2012]] nínú ìdíje eré marathon, ó sì jẹ́ ẹni tó gbé àsíá fún ẹgbẹ́ Democratic Republic of Congo níbi ayẹyẹ ìṣíṣẹ́ náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;london2012ocfb&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Staff|title=London 2012 Opening Ceremony - Flag Bearers|url=http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Games_London_2012/Flagbearers.pdf|accessdate=10 August 2012|work=[[Olympics]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kò parí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìdíje náà.</text>
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      <text bytes="1545" sha1="6g3rfhzf5v4b5ywpn5wz5lp23n35no8" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Congolese distance runner  (born 1983)}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
| image= Ilunga Mande Zatara - 2012 Olympic Marathon.jpg
| image_size=
| caption= Ilunga in the [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|marathon]] at the [[2012 Summer Olympics|2012 Olympics]] in London
| birth_date= {{birth date and age|1983|3|12}}
| birth_place= 
| height={{height|m=1.71}}
| weight={{cvt|65|kg}}
| country= {{COD}}
| sport =Athletics
| event=[[Marathon]]
| medaltemplates =
}}

'''Ilunga Mande Zatara''' (ti wón bi ni ọjọ Kejìlá oṣù kẹta ọdún 1983 ni Kipushi, [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|DR Congo]] ) je olusare fún orílẹ̀ èdè [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|DR Congo]] . &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.london2012.com/athlete/ilunga-zatara-mande-218255/ London 2012 profile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722222656/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/ilunga-zatara-mande-218255/ |date=2012-07-22 }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó kópa nínú díje tí [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|Olimpiiki Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2012]] nínú ìdíje eré marathon, ó sì jẹ́ ẹni tó gbé àsíá fún ẹgbẹ́ Democratic Republic of Congo níbi ayẹyẹ ìṣíṣẹ́ náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;london2012ocfb&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Staff|title=London 2012 Opening Ceremony - Flag Bearers|url=http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Games_London_2012/Flagbearers.pdf|accessdate=10 August 2012|work=[[Olympics]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kò parí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìdíje náà.</text>
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| image_size=
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| height={{height|m=1.71}}
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| country= {{COD}}
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| event=[[Marathon]]
| medaltemplates =
}}

'''Ilunga Mande Zatara''' (ti wón bi ni ọjọ Kejìlá oṣù kẹta ọdún 1983 ni Kipushi, [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|DR Congo]] ) je olusare fún orílẹ̀ èdè [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|DR Congo]] . &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.london2012.com/athlete/ilunga-zatara-mande-218255/ London 2012 profile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722222656/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/ilunga-zatara-mande-218255/ |date=2012-07-22 }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó kópa nínú díje tí [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2012|Olimpiiki Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2012]] nínú ìdíje eré marathon, ó sì jẹ́ ẹni tó gbé àsíá fún ẹgbẹ́ Democratic Republic of Congo níbi ayẹyẹ ìṣíṣẹ́ náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;london2012ocfb&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Staff|title=London 2012 Opening Ceremony - Flag Bearers|url=http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Games_London_2012/Flagbearers.pdf|accessdate=10 August 2012|work=[[Olympics]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kò parí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìdíje náà.

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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      <text bytes="324" sha1="4mvtx9qfkseeth3acav1gl3n14l0tdv" xml:space="preserve">'''Ruth Mangue Nve''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1975) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje fún ilẹ̀ Equatorial Guinea. Ó kópa nínú ìdíje ti oní 200 mítà àwọn obìnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 1992|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 1992.]]</text>
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'''Ruth Mangue Nve''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1975) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje fún ilẹ̀ Equatorial Guinea. Ó kópa nínú ìdíje ti oní 200 mítà àwọn obìnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 1992|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 1992.]]</text>
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{{EngvarB|date=August 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Family name hatnote|Mangue|Nve|lang=Spanish}}
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'''Ruth Mangue Nve''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1975) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje fún ilẹ̀ Equatorial Guinea. Ó kópa nínú ìdíje ti oní 200 mítà àwọn obìnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 1992|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 1992.]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SportsRef&quot;&gt;{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/ruth-mangue-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418100117/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/ruth-mangue-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 April 2020 |title=Ruth Mangue Olympic Results |accessdate=19 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Family name hatnote|Mangue|Nve|lang=Spanish}}
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'''Ruth Mangue Nve''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 1975) jẹ́ Asáré orí páápá eléré ìje fún ilẹ̀ Equatorial Guinea. Ó kópa nínú ìdíje ti oní 200 mítà àwọn obìnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 1992|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 1992.]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SportsRef&quot;&gt;{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/ruth-mangue-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418100117/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/ruth-mangue-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 April 2020 |title=Ruth Mangue Olympic Results |accessdate=19 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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    <title>Primien Manirafasha</title>
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      <text bytes="462" sha1="2zs3sw0wldc9cyc8f4a5a693oqul9zv" xml:space="preserve">'''Primien Manirafasha''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1989)  jẹ́ asáré Oníwọ̀n ìjìnnà gígùn láti ọrílé-èdè Rwanda.

Ní ọdún 2017, ó kópa nínú ìdíje àwọn ọkùnrin àgbà níbk ìdíje ti IAAF World Cross Country Championships tí wọ́n ṣe ní Kampala, Uganda ní ọdún 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;senior_men_race_world_cross_country_championships_2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=4 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Primien Manirafasha''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1989)  jẹ́ asáré Oníwọ̀n ìjìnnà gígùn láti ọrílé-èdè Rwanda.

Ní ọdún 2017, ó kópa nínú ìdíje àwọn ọkùnrin àgbà níbk ìdíje ti IAAF World Cross Country Championships tí wọ́n ṣe ní Kampala, Uganda ní ọdún 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;senior_men_race_world_cross_country_championships_2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=4 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Primien Manirafasha''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1989)&lt;ref name=&quot;world_athletics_profile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Primien Manirafasha|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/rwanda/primien-manirafasha-14587647|access-date=10 July 2020|website=World Athletics}}&lt;/ref&gt;  jẹ́ asáré Oníwọ̀n ìjìnnà gígùn láti ọrílé-èdè Rwanda.

Ní ọdún 2017, ó kópa nínú ìdíje àwọn ọkùnrin àgbà níbk ìdíje ti IAAF World Cross Country Championships tí wọ́n ṣe ní Kampala, Uganda ní ọdún 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;senior_men_race_world_cross_country_championships_2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=4 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Primien Manirafasha''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1989)&lt;ref name=&quot;world_athletics_profile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Primien Manirafasha|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/rwanda/primien-manirafasha-14587647|access-date=10 July 2020|website=World Athletics}}&lt;/ref&gt;  jẹ́ asáré Oníwọ̀n ìjìnnà gígùn láti ọrílé-èdè Rwanda.

Ní ọdún 2017, ó kópa nínú ìdíje àwọn ọkùnrin àgbà níbk ìdíje ti IAAF World Cross Country Championships tí wọ́n ṣe ní Kampala, Uganda ní ọdún 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;senior_men_race_world_cross_country_championships_2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Senior men's race|url=https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/5837/AT-XSE-M-f----.RS6.pdf?v=-1121054657|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504172042/https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/5837/AT-XSE-M-f----.RS6.pdf?v=-1121054657|archive-date=4 May 2019|access-date=7 July 2020|website=2017 IAAF World Cross Country Championships}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó parí ní ipò kejìléláàádọ́ta .&lt;ref name=&quot;senior_men_race_world_cross_country_championships_2017&quot;/&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3682" sha1="ll26qw1l1pwbc4uz18n99tx38w1s34f" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Rwandan long-distance runner}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
| honorific_prefix = 
| name             = Primien Manirafasha
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| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1989|11|4}}
| birth_place      = 
| death_date       = &lt;!-- {{death date and age|death year|death month|death day|birth year|birth month|birth day}} --&gt;
| death_place      = 
| resting_place    = 
| resting_place_coordinates = 
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| height           = &lt;!-- X cm, X m, or X ft Y in (automatic conversion) plus optional year and reference --&gt;
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| website          = &lt;!-- {{URL|www.example.com}} --&gt;
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&lt;!-- Sport --&gt;
| country          = [[Rwanda]]
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'''Primien Manirafasha''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1989)&lt;ref name=&quot;world_athletics_profile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Primien Manirafasha|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/rwanda/primien-manirafasha-14587647|access-date=10 July 2020|website=World Athletics}}&lt;/ref&gt;  jẹ́ asáré Oníwọ̀n ìjìnnà gígùn láti ọrílé-èdè Rwanda.

Ní ọdún 2017, ó kópa nínú ìdíje àwọn ọkùnrin àgbà níbk ìdíje ti IAAF World Cross Country Championships tí wọ́n ṣe ní Kampala, Uganda ní ọdún 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;senior_men_race_world_cross_country_championships_2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Senior men's race|url=https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/5837/AT-XSE-M-f----.RS6.pdf?v=-1121054657|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504172042/https://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/5837/AT-XSE-M-f----.RS6.pdf?v=-1121054657|archive-date=4 May 2019|access-date=7 July 2020|website=2017 IAAF World Cross Country Championships}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó parí ní ipò kejìléláàádọ́ta .&lt;ref name=&quot;senior_men_race_world_cross_country_championships_2017&quot;/&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Alba Mbo Nchama</title>
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      <comment>Created by translating the opening section from the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1317350067|Alba Mbo Nchama]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="343" sha1="daxf9azewle5jygcqejx5qg3u96g5xm" xml:space="preserve">'''Alba Rosana Mbo Nchama''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù Kínní ọdún 2003) je elere-ije ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Equatorial Guinea . Gẹ́gẹ́ bí akọni orílẹ̀-èdè, ó ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje ti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn 2020]] .</text>
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      <text bytes="1059" sha1="8dmzqbrb3798zwggn5hql4wvstde6ew" xml:space="preserve">'''Alba Rosana Mbo Nchama''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù Kínní ọdún 2003) je elere-ije ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Equatorial Guinea . Gẹ́gẹ́ bí akọni orílẹ̀-èdè, ó ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje ti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn 2020]] .

=Ìgbésí ayé ==

Ó jẹ́ akọni emeji ọrílé-èdè, Nchama fi ipa eré jọ ìyáre, tí òun na jẹ́ akọni orile-ede níbi eré ìje òní [[100m]] ati [[200m]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1901682-mbo-nchama-alba.htm |title=Alba Mbo Nchama |website=Tokyo2020.org&lt;!-- same as olympics.com/tokyo-2020 --&gt; |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=2021-07-31 |archive-date=2021-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731101021/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1901682-mbo-nchama-alba.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="1772" sha1="r0c3ukqd9y421a977u3lggj73amnzh8" xml:space="preserve">'''Alba Rosana Mbo Nchama''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù Kínní ọdún 2003) je elere-ije ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Equatorial Guinea . Gẹ́gẹ́ bí akọni orílẹ̀-èdè, ó ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje ti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn 2020]] .

==Ìgbésí ayé ==

Ó jẹ́ akọni emeji ọrílé-èdè, Nchama fi ipa eré jọ ìyáre, tí òun na jẹ́ akọni orile-ede níbi eré ìje òní [[100m]] ati [[200m]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1901682-mbo-nchama-alba.htm |title=Alba Mbo Nchama |website=Tokyo2020.org&lt;!-- same as olympics.com/tokyo-2020 --&gt; |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=2021-07-31 |archive-date=2021-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731101021/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1901682-mbo-nchama-alba.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Iṣẹ́ ==

Ó kópa nínú ìdíje ti [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 meters]], ó parí ní ipò keje nínú ìpele ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdíje na pẹ̀lú akọsílẹ̀ àkókò 13.36, lèyí tí ó jẹ́ àkọsílẹ̀ àkókò rẹ tó dára jùlọ tuntun rẹ̀ .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/result-women-s-100m-prel-000100-.htm |title=Athletics - Preliminary Round - Heat 1 Results |access-date=2021-07-31 |archive-date=2021-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803194108/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/result-women-s-100m-prel-000100-.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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{{EngvarB|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Family name hatnote|Mbo|Nchama|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
| name        = Alba Mbo Nchama
| birth_name  = Alba Rosana Mbo Nchama
| image       = 
| caption     = 
| nationality = [[Equatorial Guinea]]
| sport       = [[Track and Field]]
| event       = [[100 metres]], [[200 metres]]
| birth_date  = {{birth date and age|2003|02|13|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Malabo]], Equatorial Guinea
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'''Alba Rosana Mbo Nchama''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù Kínní ọdún 2003) je elere-ije ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Equatorial Guinea . Gẹ́gẹ́ bí akọni orílẹ̀-èdè, ó ṣojú fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ níbi ìdíje ti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn 2020]] .

==Ìgbésí ayé ==

Ó jẹ́ akọni emeji ọrílé-èdè, Nchama fi ipa eré jọ ìyáre, tí òun na jẹ́ akọni orile-ede níbi eré ìje òní [[100m]] ati [[200m]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1901682-mbo-nchama-alba.htm |title=Alba Mbo Nchama |website=Tokyo2020.org&lt;!-- same as olympics.com/tokyo-2020 --&gt; |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |access-date=2021-07-31 |archive-date=2021-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731101021/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1901682-mbo-nchama-alba.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Iṣẹ́ ==

Ó kópa nínú ìdíje ti [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 meters]], ó parí ní ipò keje nínú ìpele ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdíje na pẹ̀lú akọsílẹ̀ àkókò 13.36, lèyí tí ó jẹ́ àkọsílẹ̀ àkókò rẹ tó dára jùlọ tuntun rẹ̀ .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/result-women-s-100m-prel-000100-.htm |title=Athletics - Preliminary Round - Heat 1 Results |access-date=2021-07-31 |archive-date=2021-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803194108/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/result-women-s-100m-prel-000100-.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337857266|Josy Ajiboye]]&quot;</comment>
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{{infobox artist|birth_date={{birth year and age|1948}}|employer=[[Daily Times of Nigeria]]|education=[[Yaba College of Technology]]}}

 
'''Josiah Akanbi &quot;Josy&quot; Ajiboye''' fetisi ⓘ (tí a bí ní ọdún 1948) jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tó jẹ́ ayàwòrán, olùyàwòrán fún àwọn ìwé, oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìṣẹ̀dá àwòrán (graphic designer), àti ayàwòrán àwọn àwòrán apanilẹ́rìn-ín tó dá lórí ọ̀rọ̀ òṣèlú àti ti àwùjọ; ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ ní ilé-iṣẹ́ ìròyìn Daily Times. Ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán àwòrán apanilẹ́rìn-ín ní ilé-iṣẹ́ ìròyìn Daily Times láti ọdún 1971 sí ọdún 2000. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Medeme|first=Ovwe|date=March 22, 2011|title=Nigeria: As Jossy Ajiboye Paints for Pleasure|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201103230710.html|newspaper=Daily Independent|location=Lagos}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti pé ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ ọnà tí ó fẹ́ràn jùlọ ni láti lo realism láti sọ̀rọ̀ lórí àwọn ọ̀ràn àṣà, ìṣèlú àti àwùjọ ní Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref name=&quot;thisday&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=&lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt;|date=March 10, 2011|title=Ajiboye's Solo|newspaper=This Day|location=Lagos}}
&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwé àwòrán rẹ̀ tó ń kọ lọ́sọ̀ọ̀sẹ̀, “Josy Ajiboye ní ọjọ́ Àìkú” jẹ́ eré ìnàjú tó gbajúmọ̀ nígbà tí àwọn ológun wà ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;Storm in a Teacup&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2001|title=Storm in a Sunday Teacup: Cartoonist Josy Ajiboye Looks Back|url=https://d.lib.msu.edu/graa/225/datastream/OBJ/view|archive-date=January 11, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n kà Ajiboye sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé àwòrán oníṣẹ́ ọnà ní Nàìjíríà tó ti pẹ́ jùlọ, àti ẹni tó mú iṣẹ́ ọnà náà dé ìpele iṣẹ́ ọnà ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà. {{Sfn|Jimoh|2018}}  {{Sfn|Medubi|2009}} 

Ajiboye hails from Erinmope, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Imọ-ẹrọ ti Yaba, àwọn olórin pàtàkì bíi Yusuf Grillo àti Solomon Wangboje ló sì kọ́ ọ. {{Sfn|Jimoh|2010}} Lẹ́yìn ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀, ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ ní Ìwé Ìròyìn Ìpèníjà ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà, ẹ̀ka kan ti Iṣẹ́-ìhìn-rere Sudan Interior Mission . Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníṣẹ́ àwòrán pẹ̀lú ìwé ''ìròyìn Morning Post'' . {{Sfn|Jimoh|2010}} Ní ọdún 1971, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà ti Daily Times.  Ajiboye tún jẹ́ ayàwòrán, ó sì ṣe ìfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1977 ní Gong Gallery, ní Erékùṣù Eko . Ó ṣe ìfihàn kan ṣoṣo ní Terra Kulture ní ọdún 2011. &lt;ref name=&quot;thisday&quot; /&gt; Gbogbo àwọn ọmọ ìdílé Ajiboye (ìyàwó rẹ̀ àti àwọn ọmọ mẹ́rin) jẹ́ òṣèré onímọ̀ṣẹ́. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1948]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368249676|Olaniyi R. Akindiya]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox artist|name=Olaniyi Rasheed Akindiya|website=https://www.artwithakirash.com|image=|birth_place=[[Lagos, Nigeria]]|education=Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria, Institute of Textile Technology Art &amp; Design Lagos|awards=Otis &amp; Velma Davis Dozier Travel Grant Award, CORE Funding from the Cultural Art Division of Austin TX, the Innovative Artist Award from Mid America Artist Alliance (MAAA / NEA), the Pollock Krasner Foundation Award, the Cultural Initiative &amp; Capacity Building Grant, Culture Alive Austin, The Santo Foundation Grant, and the Commonwealth Connection Award}}

{{Infobox artist|name=Olaniyi Rasheed Akindiya|website=https://www.artwithakirash.com|image=|awards=Otis &amp; Velma Davis Dozier Travel Grant Award, CORE Funding from the Cultural Art Division of Austin TX, the Innovative Artist Award from Mid America Artist Alliance (MAAA / NEA), the Pollock Krasner Foundation Award, the Cultural Initiative &amp; Capacity Building Grant, Culture Alive Austin, The Santo Foundation Grant, and the Commonwealth Connection Award}}

'''Olaniyi Rasheed Akindiya''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí Akirash, jẹ́ olórin láti ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà.

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà ní Ile-ẹkọ Imọ-ẹrọ Aṣọ, Iṣẹ-ọnà, ati Apẹrẹ ní Oregun, Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó.

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Ó dá ilé iṣẹ́ ARTWITHAKIRASH sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2000, èyí tí ó ń pe àwùjọ láti kópa nínú iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀.

Ó kó lọ sí Austin, Texas, ní ọdún 2011. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://africanah.org/olaniyi-rasheed-akindiya-aka-akirash/|title=Olaniyi Rasheed Akindiya [aka Akirash]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àpẹẹrẹ kan lára àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀ ní gbangba ni ìrìn àjò rẹ̀ láti CentralTrak sí ilé ìtura Magnolia ní Dallas ní ọdún 2013 tó wọ aṣọ ìgò omi àti teepu. Nígbà tí ó dé Pegasus Plaza ní Magnolia Hotel: “[ó] ń rìn kiri káàfù ńlá kan tí a fi àwọn ìlà àti òkìtì aṣọ bò, tí a sì fi àwọn àpò kékeré Ziploc kun bò. Akirash gbé ọ̀kan, ó yí i padà sí ìrísí àpò icing kan, ó sì gé igun náà kúrò, lẹ́yìn náà ó gbé e sókè ní ìwọ̀n kòkòrò, ó sì ṣe bí ẹni pé ó ń tọ́ ara rẹ̀ lórí káàfù náà, ó ń mì tìtì bí ọmọdékùnrin tí ń wọ́ ara sínú adágún kan.”  Lẹ́yìn náà, ó pe àwọn ènìyàn láti kópa nínú kíkùn.

Ní ọdún 2018, Akirash gbé iṣẹ́ kan tí wọ́n pè ní &quot;Àwọn Ìtàn Àròsọ Àwọn Onímọ̀-ara-ẹni &quot; kalẹ̀ ní Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ọnà Lawndale. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/entertainment/arts-theater/article/Fine-Arts-Guide-What-s-coming-to-Houston-13164713.php|title=Arts Guide: What's coming to Houston museums|date=2018-08-17|work=HoustonChronicle.com|access-date=2018-11-28|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde ==

* [https://www.artwithakirash.com/ Oju opo wẹẹbu osise:]
* [https://vimeo.com/artwithakirash Vimeo]

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <text bytes="510" sha1="ospu3vsbb7eylhuhujl4juy3llhhvyk" xml:space="preserve">'''Francky-Edgard Mbotto''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 1997 ní ìlú [[Bangui]] ) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín gbùngbùn fún [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]] . Ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2020.]]  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=7 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Francky-Edgard Mbotto''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 1997 ní ìlú [[Bangui]] ) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín gbùngbùn fún [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]] . Ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2020.]]  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=7 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Francky-Edgard Mbotto''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 1997 ní ìlú [[Bangui]] ) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín gbùngbùn fún [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]] . Ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2020.]]  &lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/francky-edgard-mbotto |title=Francky-Edgard Mbotto |accessdate=2 September 2016 |work=Rio 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826084342/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/francky-edgard-mbotto |archivedate=26 August 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Athletics - MBOTTO Francky|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1321373-mbotto-francky.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-08-07|work=Tokyo 2020 Olympics|publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]|language=en-us|archive-date=7 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807015349/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1321373-mbotto-francky.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Francky-Edgard Mbotto''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 1997 ní ìlú [[Bangui]] ) jẹ́ Asáré-Oníwọ̀n-Àárín gbùngbùn fún [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]] . Ó kópa nínú ìdíje 800 mítà àwọn ọkùnrin ní [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2016|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2016]] àti [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olympic Ìgbà Òjò ti ọdún 2020.]]  &lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/francky-edgard-mbotto |title=Francky-Edgard Mbotto |accessdate=2 September 2016 |work=Rio 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826084342/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/francky-edgard-mbotto |archivedate=26 August 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Athletics - MBOTTO Francky|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1321373-mbotto-francky.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-08-07|work=Tokyo 2020 Olympics|publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]|language=en-us|archive-date=7 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807015349/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1321373-mbotto-francky.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
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    <title>Oladejo Victor Akinlonu</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1246437699|Oladejo Victor Akinlonu]]&quot;</comment>
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Oladejo Victor Akinlonu(ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1963 – ó sì kú ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kìíní ọdún 2023)—tí a tún mọ̀ sí &quot;The Custodian of Art&quot; tàbí &quot;Dejak Artistique&quot;—jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, ó sì jẹ́ òṣèré-àwòrán, agbẹ́gilére, onímọ̀-ọgbọ́n, àti oníṣòwò iṣẹ́-ọnà. Ó di gbajúmọ̀ ní àwọn ọdún 1980 gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣáájú nínú ṣíṣe àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ ilẹ̀ (landscape features) nípa lílo àwọn òkúta. A tún mọ̀ ọ́n fún àwọn iṣẹ́ gbẹ́gilére rẹ̀ tí a lè rí ní àwọn ibi ìgboro kárí Nàìjíríà, àti fún àwọn àpẹẹrẹ àrà-ọ̀tọ̀ rẹ̀ lórí àwọn ṣíṣàn omi (waterfalls), àwọn ibi ìtú-omi jáde (fountains), àti àwọn òkúta ibojì. A kà á sí òṣèré-àwòrán tí ó máa ń darapọ̀ iṣẹ́ gbẹ́gilére pẹ̀lú iṣẹ́ ìkọ́lé. Ní ọdún 1998, ẹgbẹ́ àwọn akọ̀ròyìn ti Nàìjíríà (Nigerian Society of Journalists) fún un ní oyè &quot;The Custodian of Art&quot; (Olùtọ́jú Iṣẹ́-ọnà), ó sì ti gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ oyè mìíràn nítorí ipa pàtàkì tí ó kó nínú ètò iṣẹ́-ọnà ní Nàìjíríà àti ní gbogbo ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà. Òun ni alága àti olùdarí ilé-iṣẹ́ &quot;Dejak and Associates,&quot; èyí tí ó ní nínú rẹ̀ &quot;Bezalel Galleria&quot; àti &quot;Dejak Artistique&quot; (ilé ìṣàfihàn iṣẹ́-ọnà kan tí ó wà ní ìlú Èkó, tí ó sì ti wà fún ọdún mọ́kànlélógójì).

A bí Dejo ní ọmọ akọ̀wé Gilbert Akinlonu, àti oníṣòwò kan, Grace Akinlonu ní ìlú Ondo, ìpínlẹ̀ Ondo . Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀dá àwòrán rẹ̀ wà ní ìlú Èkó, Ikeja, ní ilẹ̀ tí ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó fún un ní.

Dejo jẹ́ olókìkí ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníṣẹ́ ọnà àti ayàwòrán ilẹ̀, a sì tún kà á sí ẹni tí ó yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ènìyàn. Méjì lára àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ìbòjú èéfín àti ère Oba Adeniji Adele wà lára àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tó lókìkí jùlọ, Sango Ben Enwonwu nìkan ló dé ọ̀dọ̀ wọn ní Nàìjíríà.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==


== Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde ==

* [http://www.the-art-world.com/galleries/nig-dejak.htm the-art-world.com]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 2023]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1963]]</text>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373441186|Sejiro Avoseh]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox person|name=Sejiro Avoseh|birth_place=[[Badagry]], Lagos|education=Lagos State Polytechnic&lt;br/&gt;University for the Creative Arts, Canterbury (MFA)|known for=Contemporary arts|works=|style=Painting, Collaging, Mixed media}}
[[File:Sejiro_Avoseh.jpg|thumb|285x285px| Avoseh ń ya àwòrán pẹ̀lú méjì lára àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ níbi ìfihàn adashe rẹ̀ &quot;Faces of Nowhere&quot; ní Kravets Wehby Gallery, New York ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2024.]]
'''Sejiro Avoseh''' (tí a bí ní ọdún 1990 ní ìlú Èkó ) Ó jẹ́ òṣèré ìgbàlódé kan tí ó ń gbé ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, tí ó dá lórí yíyà àwòrán àti lílo onírúurú àwòrán láti ṣe ọ̀kan (tí a mọ̀ sí *collage*), máa ń ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn kókó-ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ṣíṣí lọ sí ilẹ̀ òkèèrè, ìdánimọ̀, àti bí ènìyàn ṣe ń ṣe àtúntò ara rẹ̀. Nípa lílo àwọn ìrírí rẹ̀ nípa fífi Nàìjíríà sílẹ̀ láti lọ máa gbé ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, Avoseh máa ń ṣẹ̀dá àwọn iṣẹ́ tí ó ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìpele àti àwọn apá ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ tí ó ń fi hàn nípa ìrántí, ìyàsọ́tọ̀ kúrò ní ibi tí a ti mọ̀, àti wíwá ibi tí ó yẹ fúnni tàbí ibi tí a lè pè ní ilé. Wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní oríṣiríṣi ibi káàkiri àgbáyé, títí kan Kravets Wehby Gallery (New York), Afikaris Gallery (Paris), àti Jupiter Contemporary (Miami). &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Art contemporain africain : Salifou Lindou et Sejiro Avoseh en résistance à Paris|work=Le Monde.fr|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2021/02/19/art-contemporain-africain-salifou-lindou-et-sejiro-avoseh-en-resistance-a-paris_6070593_3212.html|accessdate=2021-02-22}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ jẹ́ ìtàn ìgbésí ayé tó jinlẹ̀, wọ́n ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ipò búburú àwọn aláìní tí kò ní ìtẹ́lọ́rùn nínú àwùjọ rẹ̀, àti lórí ìwà gíga àti ìlòkulò agbára láti ọwọ́ àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìjọba àti àwọn aláṣẹ tí wọ́n yàn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-01-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n yan Avoseh láti ṣe àwòrán ìbòjú ìwé fún ìwé ìròyìn The Native ti oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2020, èyí tí ó ṣe ayẹyẹ àwo orin [[Wizkid]] ’s Made in Lagos .  Láti ìgbà náà ni wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, wọ́n sì ti gbé e kalẹ̀ lórí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìwé ìròyìn àgbáyé àti ti ìbílẹ̀, títí bí Le Monde, Financial Times, Google Arts &amp;amp;amp; Culture, Daily Trust, WhiteWalls, The Blotted, The Sole Adventurer, Flux Review, àti Whitehot Magazine . Iṣẹ́ Avoseh ti jẹ́ ara àwọn àkójọpọ̀ pàtàkì tí ó ní àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà Jean-Michel Basquiat, Pablo Picasso, KAWS, àti àwọn mìíràn tí ó ń tẹnu mọ́ bí ó ṣe ń dàgbà sí i nínú iṣẹ́ ọnà òde òní kárí ayé. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-03-31|title=Creative hubs make space for Nigeria's emerging artists|url=https://www.ft.com/content/315935dc-17f8-11e8-9c33-02f893d608c2|access-date=2022-10-15|work=Financial Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=How my life became work of art – Sejiro Avoseh|url=https://dailytrust.com/how-my-life-became-work-of-art-sejiro-avosey-264222|access-date=2021-02-22|work=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en|archivedate=2022-06-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-07-20|title=Sejiro Avoseh: Why my works focus on women|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/sejiro-avoseh-works-focus-women/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-10-15|work=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;   [9]      &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2020|title=Lagos Art World: The Emergence of an Artistic Hub on the Global Art Periphery|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0002020619000246/type/journal_article|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ̀kọ́ ==
Avoseh gba ìwé ẹ̀rí gíga ti orílẹ̀-èdè nínú ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ àti iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà láti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti ìpínlẹ̀ Lagos ní ìlú Lagos, Nàìjíríà, ó sì gba ìwé ẹ̀rí Master nínú ìmọ̀ ọ̀nà ní Yunifásítì fún ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ àti iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà, Canterbury, Kent, England . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìfihàn ìdánìkan ==

* &quot;Ẹgbẹ́ Orin Ìrántí&quot;. Àkójọ àwòrán Jupiter Contemporary, Miami, USA. Oṣù Kẹ̀wàá – Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2024. 
* &quot;Ojú Kò sí Ibi Kan&quot;. Kravets Wehby Gallery, New York, USA. Oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2024.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Nigeria|first=Guardian|date=2024-06-11|title=Sejiro Avoseh debuts 'Faces of Nowhere'|url=https://guardian.ng/arts-2/sejiro-avoseh-debuts-faces-of-nowhere/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Àlejò Nínú Àwọn Ààyè&quot;. Kravets Wehby Gallery, New York, USA. Oṣù Karùnún ọdún 2023. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2023-05-12|title=Sejiro Avoseh opens debut Solo Exhibition at Kravets Wehby Gallery, New York|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/arts-2/sejiro-avoseh-opens-debut-solo-exhibition-at-kravets-wehby-gallery-new-york/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Ìlòkulò àìlẹ́ṣẹ̀&quot;. Àwọn Áńgẹ́lì àti Músí, Èkó, Nàìjíríà. Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2020.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Nígbà tí a kò bá jẹ́ ohun tí a jẹ́&quot;. Àkójọ àwòrán RELE, Èkó, Nàìjíríà. Oṣù Keje 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2022-06-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-06-12|title=Sejiro Avoseh to explore human constancy, change in solo art exhibition|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/sejiro-avosehhuman-constancy-art/|newspaper=[[TheCable]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìfihàn ẹgbẹ́, àwọn ìfihàn iṣẹ́ ọnà, àwọn ìtajà àti àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ==

* &quot;Resiste&quot; (pẹlu Salifou Lindou). Àkójọ àwòrán Afikaris, Paris, France. Oṣù Kejì ọdún 2021.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
* Ifihan Awọn Ọmọde Awọn Akẹẹkọ ti Awọn Ọjọgbọn. Ilé ọnà Àgbáyé, Èkó. Oṣù Kínní 2020. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2022-06-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2022-06-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Pada si Ibùdó - Idanileko Aworan fun Awọn Akẹkọọ Awọn Ọdọmọde&quot; ni Badagry. Goethe Institut, Lagos, Nigeria. 2019. 
* Ifihan Awọn Ọdọmọde Awọn Igbalode. Ilé-iṣẹ́ Àwòrán RELE, Èkó, Nàìjíríà. Oṣù Kínní 2017.  

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1990]]
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    <title>Ranti Bam</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347807565|Ranti Bam]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox artist|name=Ranti Bam|birth_place=[[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]|education=[[City Literary Institute|City Lit, London]]; [[School of Art, Architecture and Design (London Metropolitan University)|School of Art, Architecture and Design (formerly The Cass), London]]|known_for=[[Ceramics]], [[Sculpture]]|website=[https://rantibam.com/about INFO -- Ranti Bam]}}

 
'''Ranti Bam''' (tí a bí ní ọdún 1982)  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=31 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oṣere ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Nàìjíríà láti Lọ́ndọ́nù àti Eko tí a mọ̀ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ amọ̀ aláwọ̀ àti ère rẹ̀ tí a fi onírúurú ọ̀nà amọ̀ ṣe. &lt;ref name=&quot;Golborne&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=21 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Ranti Bam ní [[Èkó|ìlú Eko]], Nàìjíríà, ó sì dàgbà ní ìlú  Lọ́ndọ́nù.  Ó gba oyè MA ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ti Àwòrán, Àwòrán àti Ìṣètò ní  Lọ́ndọ́nù  (tí a mọ̀ sí The Cass tẹ́lẹ̀), ó rìnrìn àjò púpọ̀, ó sì ń gbé ní Greece. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ amọ̀ ní City Lit, London . &lt;ref name=&quot;Golborne&quot; /&gt;

Bam ti sọ pe o ti ji loju rẹ lati ṣe awọn iṣẹ ọna ni amọ lẹhin ti o ṣabẹwo si ifihan Africa Remix ni Hayward Gallery ni Ilu Lọndọnu: “O dabi ṣiṣi oju kẹta mi,” o sọ fun olufọrọwanilẹnuwo fun ''Ceramic Review'', “Fun igba akọkọ ti mo n ri awọn iṣẹ ode oni ti awọn oṣere Afirika ṣe.” &lt;ref name=&quot;CR&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Le Santo|first=Annie|title=Curative Clay: Ranti Bam|date=2020|url=https://www.ceramicreview.com/articles/curative-clay/|access-date=2021-02-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Lẹ́yìn tí ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ lórí iṣẹ́ amọ̀ ní City Lit, Bam ti ṣe àfihàn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú àwọn ìfihàn ẹgbẹ́ àti àwọn ìfihàn ní Yúróòpù, Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà, àti Áfíríkà. &lt;ref name=&quot;CV&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=31 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ní ọdún 2017, olùdarí àwòrán ìlú  Lọ́ndọ́nù àádọ́ta Golborne, Pascale Revert, pe Bam láti ṣe àfihàn àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀ rẹ̀ níbi ìfihàn ''ọdọọdún'' ti UK Crafts Council fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́; iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ yọrí sí rere níbẹ̀ tí wọ́n sì ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ ní ''Ṣàkójọ'' fún ọdún mẹ́ta ní ìtẹ̀léra. &lt;ref name=&quot;CR&quot; /&gt; ''àádọ́ta''  Golborne ti ṣe afihan awọn iṣẹ rẹ ninu agọ wọn ni Ifihan Iṣẹ ọna Afirika Oniruuru ni Paris. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=26 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2018, ó kópa nínú ìfihàn ẹgbẹ́ olùtọ́jú Bisi Silva '', Gbọngan Àwọn Ohun Kékeré'' ní Senegal . &lt;ref name=&quot;Golborne&quot; /&gt;

Bam ti gbé ní Moly-Sabata [ fr ] ní Sablons, France; Catinca Tabacaru Gallery ní [[Harare]], Zimbabwe; &lt;ref name=&quot;CV&quot; /&gt; àti Cité Internationale des Arts ní Paris, France, níbi tí ó ti lo ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àkókò àjàkálẹ̀-àrùn COVID-19. &lt;ref name=&quot;CR&quot; /&gt;

Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ wà nínú àwọn àkójọpọ̀ V&amp;amp;amp;A àti Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Brooklyn .   &lt;ref name=&quot;CV&quot; /&gt; Nípasẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ọnà àti àwọn ibi ìtọ́jú rẹ̀, àti nípa kíkọ́ni ní àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àti àwọn ìpàdé ìbáṣepọ̀, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn tí ó wà pẹ̀lú àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ àwọn agbègbè tí a kò gbà láyè àti àwọn ajìjàgbara obìnrin, &lt;ref name=&quot;CR&quot; /&gt; Bam ń tẹ̀síwájú láti ṣe àwárí àwọn àǹfààní amọ̀ àti àwọn apá ìṣe rẹ̀ tí ó ní ipa nínú àwùjọ.

== Àwọn àkójọ ==

* Brooklyn Museum Brooklyn, NY, USA ( ''Antafi'', 2019) 
* Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Victoria àti Albert, London, England.
* Ile ọnọ ti Chazen ti aworan, Madison, WI, USA 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342220746|Patrick Chuka]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox person|name=Patrick Chuka|image=|alt=Photo of Nigerian Artist, Patrick Chuka|caption=A picture of Patrick Chuka.|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=y|2000|03|17}}|birth_place=[[Victoria Island, Lagos|Victoria Island]], [[Lagos State]], Nigeria|known_for=Drawing|movement=[[Hyperrealism (visual arts)|Hyperrealism]]|years_active=2015–present|website={{URL|artistchuka.com}}}}


'''Patrick Chuka''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹta ọdún 2000), tí a mọ̀ sí '''Chu''' ní iṣẹ́ òṣèré, jẹ́ olórin ará Nàìjíríà tí ó máa ń lo èédú àti pẹ́nì bọ́ọ̀lù-pọ́ìntì. Ó tún máa ń fi epo, pastel àti acrylic kun àwòrán, èyí tó dá lórí iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀ lórí realism àti apá kan nínú hyperrealism . 

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Chuka ní erékùsù Victoria, ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó nínú ìdílé mẹ́rin, níbi tí ó ti jẹ́ ọmọ àkọ́kọ́. Ó wá láti Abba, Nwangele, Ìpínlẹ̀ Imo, Nàìjíríà. Nítorí ìṣòro ìdílé nígbà tí ó ń dàgbà, ìdílé rẹ̀ kó lọ sí ibòmíràn, èyí sì mú kí ó yípadà láti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama kan sí òmíràn. Láti ọdún 2010 sí 2011, ó lọ sí Ile-iwe Giga ti Ijọba Apapọ, Odogbolu, Ìpínlẹ̀ Ogun, Nàìjíríà fún ẹ̀kọ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀, ó kó lọ sí Ile-iwe Giga Top Highflyer, Isolo, Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó,láti ọdún 2012 sí 2014, kí ó tó tún kó lọ sí Ile-iwe Kariaye Weenoble, Ejigbo,Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó, níbi tí ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ náà ní ọdún 2015. Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe iṣẹ́ ọnà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún, lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ girama. Lẹ́yìn náà, Chuka kó lọ sí Amẹ́ríkà pẹ̀lú ìdílé rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=27 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́  akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ kan ní Ile-ẹkọ giga Berkeley City, Berkeley, California, USA, níbi tí ó ti ń kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ìmọ̀ nípa ẹ̀dá-ara .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=27 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àṣà àti ìmọ̀ ọgbọ́n orí ==
Chuka lo èédú àti pẹ́npọ́n ballpoint ní pàtàkì. Ó fi epo, pastel, acrylic kun àwọ̀, ó sì tún fi ère ṣẹ̀dá rẹ̀ . Ó ti fa àfiyèsí sí àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ tó gbajúmọ̀ bíi ìfẹ́ obìnrin, ẹ̀tọ́ ìgbéyàwó fún àwọn ẹ̀yà kéékèèké, ẹ̀tọ́ LGBTQ àti ìbáṣepọ̀ láàárín ọkùnrin àti obìnrin pẹ̀lú iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀.  

Ní ọdún 2018, ó ṣàlàyé ìdí tí ó fi máa ń bínú nígbà tí ó bá ń ka Bíbélì. Ó fẹ̀sùn kan Sólómọ́nì fún bíbéèrè fún ọgbọ́n lọ́wọ́ Ọlọ́run. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://legit.ng/1185082-nigerian-artist-explains-angry-reading-bible.html|title=Nigerian artist explains why he gets angry when reading the Bible|accessdate=27 August 2019|work=[[Legit.ng]]|archivedate=27 August 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827073943/https://www.legit.ng/1185082-nigerian-artist-explains-angry-reading-bible.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ẹ̀yà ara ==
Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kìíní ọdún 2018, Chuka ní àwòrán rẹ̀ nínú ìwé Brittle Paper nínú ìwé &quot;mẹ́rìnlá: An Anthology of Queer Art, Vol. 2: The Inward Gaze.&quot; 

Ní ọjọ́ ọgbọ̀n oṣù kẹwàá, wọ́n ṣe àfihàn Patrick lórí ''BBC'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/igbo/media-54739824|title=Patrick Chuka|access-date=30 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Ngozi Esther Edeme</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366458325|Ngozi Esther Edeme]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Ngozi Esther Edeme''' (tí a bí ní 1996 or 1997 ),  Ẹni tí a tún mọ̀ sí 'Painted by Esther' jẹ́ oníṣẹ́ ìṣe-ọ̀ṣọ́-ojú (makeup artist) ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó ń gbé ní ìlú Lọ́ndọ́nù. Ó di gbajúmọ̀ nítorí ọ̀nà tí ó fi máa ń lo àwọ̀ pupa-pẹlẹbẹ (blush) láti ṣe ọ̀ṣọ́ ojú, pẹ̀lú àwọn iṣẹ́ tí ó ti ṣe fún àwọn gbajúmọ̀ ènìyàn bíi Naomi Campbell, SZA, Kelly Rowland, Olandria Carthen, àti Adut Akech.. &lt;ref name=&quot;thecut&quot; /&gt; 

== Ìgbésí ayé àti iṣẹ́ ==
[[File:Guests_at_the_2026_Met_Gala_384_(Tyla_facecrop).jpg|thumb| Edeme ló ṣe Tyla fún ayẹyẹ Met Gala ti ọdún 2026. ]]
A bí Edeme, ó sì dàgbà ní ìlú Eko, ní Nàìjíríà.  Ó kó lọ sí United Kingdom nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́jọ, ó sì tẹ̀síwájú láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà ní yunifásítì ní Àríwá England.   Ó ń gbé ní ìlú Lọ́ndọ́nù. &lt;ref name=&quot;allure&quot; /&gt;

Iṣẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olókìkí ni ọdún 2018 gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán ìṣaralóge fún Drake 's Tour DJ.  Ó ti ṣe àwọn aṣọ ìbora fún SZA, Kelly Rowland, Doechii, Tyla, Raye, Viola Davis, Cassie, àti Nara Smith .  

A ṣe àfihàn àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Edeme pẹ̀lú àwọ̀ pupa tí ó kún fún ìrísí gradient.    Ó tún ti gba ìdámọ̀ràn fún lílo ọ̀nà yìí lórí àwọn àwòṣe tí wọ́n ní àwọ̀ dúdú bíi Adut Akech .   Ní ọdún 2025, ó gbajúmọ̀ gidigidi pẹ̀lú àṣà yìí, tí ''Elle'' pè ní &quot; Barbie blush&quot;, nígbà tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú Olandria ní ọdún 2025.  

Edeme gba ìròyìn nípa àwọn oníròyìn ní ọdún 2026 nígbà tí òṣèré ojú ìwòye Patrick Ta ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ àwọn ọjà ojú ìwòye tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Transition Blurring Blush Duos&quot;. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ''Allure'' ti sọ, “Ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn ló rò pé Ta ń já ọgbọ́n Edeme gbà, ó sì ń lo ó gẹ́gẹ́ bí tirẹ̀, pàápàá jùlọ nípa fífi àmì-ìṣòwò sí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ náà ‘transition blush’ àti nípa lílo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ‘created’ láti ṣàpèjúwe ọ̀nà náà.”  Ní ìdáhùnpadà, Edeme sọ pé òun kò dá ọ̀nà náà sílẹ̀: &quot;Ìyẹn yóò jẹ́ àwàdà láti sọ pé òun ni òun. Ṣùgbọ́n ohun tí o kò ní tàbùkù ni ipa mi&quot;.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Láàrin àwọn ìṣírí rẹ̀ ni Pat McGrath, Danessa Myricks, Sam Fine, iṣẹ́ Kevyn Aucoin pẹ̀lú Naomi Campbell, àti Scott Barnes.  


== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Arinze Stanley Egbengwu</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329517077|Arinze Stanley Egbengwu]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox person|name=Arinze Stanley Egbengwu|image=Arinze Stanley portrait.jpg|known_for=[[Drawing]]|movement=[[Hyperrealism (visual arts)|Hyperrealism]]|website={{URL|http://www.arinzestanley.com/}}}}


'''Arinze Stanley Egbengwu''' fetisi ⓘ (tí a bí ní ọdún 1993) jẹ́ olórin, ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́, ayàwòrán, onímọ̀ ẹ̀rọ, àti oníṣòwò ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà . Ó mọ̀ ọ́n jùlọ fún ṣíṣẹ̀dá àwọn àwòrán pẹ́ńsù tó ṣeé fojú rí. &lt;ref name=&quot;Leading Change&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní pàtàkì, Egbengwu ń lo àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀nà fún ìgbòkègbodò àwùjọ àti ìṣèlú . Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ sọ̀rọ̀ nípa àwọn ọ̀ràn tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà, ìsìnrú òde òní, àti ìfẹ́ obìnrin ní àwùjọ rẹ̀ àti kárí ayé. &lt;ref name=&quot;Leading Change&quot; /&gt; 

== Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí '''Egbengwu''' ní ọjọ́ ogún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1993. Ó jẹ́ òṣèré tí ó kọ́ ara rẹ̀, ó sì ń gbé ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://thedivest.com/meet-23-year-old-nigerian-artist-who-makes-unbelievable-realistic-pencil-drawings-photos/|title=Meet 23-years-old Arinze Stanley Who Makes Pencil Drawings Like Real Life Images|date=2017-04-07|access-date=2017-05-15}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ní ọdún 2014, Arinze jáde ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Yunifásítì Ìpínlẹ̀ Imo pẹ̀lú oyè Ìwé Ẹ̀rí Bachelor nínú Ẹ̀kọ́ Ẹ̀rọ nínú ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ iṣẹ́-ajé . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=28 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=30 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Wo tun ==
{{Portal|Nigeria}}

* Kareem Olamilekan

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    <title>Constance Afiong &quot;Afi&quot; Ekong</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374412640|Afi Ekong]]&quot;</comment>
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Olórí '''Constance Afiong''' &quot; '''Afi''' &quot; '''Ekong, Lady Attah''' (ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlọ́gbọ̀n Osu Kẹfà ọdún 1930 – ó sì kú ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù Kejì ọdún 2009) jẹ́ òṣèré-ọ̀nà àti olùgbé iṣẹ́-ọ̀nà lárugẹ láti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà.

== Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Àwọn òbí [[Àwọn ènìyàn Efik|Efik]] àti [[Ẹ̀yà Ibibio|Ibibio]] ni wọ́n bí Afi Ekong ní Calabar, Nàìjíríà, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ìdílé ọba Edidem Bassey Eyo Epharaim Adam Kẹta . Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Ilu Duke àti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Ṣọọṣi Kristi ní Calabar.  Ó kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán, ó sì kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ṣíṣe àwòrán aṣọ ní England ní Ile-ẹkọ giga Oxford fun Iṣẹ-ọnà ati Imọ-ẹrọ, Ilé-ìwé Iṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà ti Saint Martin, àti Ilé-ìwé Ààrin-gbùngbùn fún Iṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà àti Àpèjúwe . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Bernice M. Kelly and Janet L. Stanley, eds, [https://archive.org/stream/nigerianartistsw00kell/nigerianartistsw00kell_djvu.txt ''Nigerian Artists: A Who's Who and Bibliography''] (Hans Zell Publishers, 1993): 186–188. {{ISBN|0905450825}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Afi fẹ́ Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Abdiel nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mọ́kàndínlógún, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ òṣìṣẹ́ agbègbè ní àkókò ìjọba amúnisìn.

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Ekong bẹ̀rẹ̀ ẹ̀kọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà rẹ̀ ní London ní ọdún 1951 ní Oxford College of Arts and Technology. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ iṣẹ́ ọnà ti Saint Martin ní ọdún 1955, lẹ́yìn náà ó padà sí ìlú Èkó ní ọdún 1957. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The art of Nigerian women|location=New Albany, Ohio}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1958, ní Exhibition Centre Marina, Ekong ni obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ tí ó ṣe ìfihàn kan ṣoṣo ní Èkó.  Ní ọdún 1961, ó ṣe ìfihàn kan ní Galeria Galatea ní Buenos Aires .  Ó ni Ilé Ìkópamọ́ Idẹ ní onírúurú ibi ní Èkó àti ní Fiekong Estate ní Calabar . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The art of Nigerian women|location=New Albany, Ohio}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ olùdarí fún Lagos Arts Council, ọ̀kan lára àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ Society of Nigerian Artists, olùdarí Gallery Labac láti ọdún 1961, àti alága Federal Arts Council Nigeria láti ọdún 1961 sí 1967. Ó máa ń farahàn déédéé lórí ètò tẹlifíṣọ̀n Nàìjíríà kan tí a pè ní Ogún Àṣà láti gbé iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà lárugẹ. Ní ọdún 1963, wọ́n fi hàn án nínú àròkọ fọ́tò kan tí wọ́n ṣe ní ''New York Times'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpẹẹrẹ “obìnrin Áfíríkà tuntun” lẹ́yìn òmìnira.  Ó tún jẹ́ alága ìgbìmọ̀ UNESCO ní ọdún 1970, àti ní ọdún 1990, Ìgbìmọ̀ Àgbáyé ti Àwọn Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Obìnrin lórí Àwọn Ọ̀nà àti Iṣẹ́ Ọnà.  Ekong ni obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ ní Nàìjíríà tí ó gba ẹ̀kọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà ní Oxford College. [https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98093230/5673-libre.pdf?1675263251=&amp;response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DChief_Lady_Afi_Ekong_in_the_Art_Historic.pdf&amp;Expires=1742517741&amp;Signature=a4IygS70T4XbMngXrVzsIFW9ORPoBXxl3kmsN7H~DxFlVv0xkEZZJu0iFv~rcwDqumV6kFB7Yhg1t8zKuzoycw304V2NgC418Nc7WmuquAMUDaW0gFkEsRxeX7rjeg8CdBcW79yqnZc92zkIsmLELOY1-LXico~bL9HOraT4jqp1jcSDlw3RE~jsYXKFHfZU1Y~vXnKXqiYOCfW~nkaNQL78UvABDBOm0VCHGrSzJa2uJphp8Jyc~vM3UyKjgfTW4Xo7qlaVxbwlEElqBlDTfnI6v34jVKSD8FolNu4FPrx0FFYzBka4gjk1G0ybrHU] Ìmísí rẹ̀ fún iṣẹ́ ọnà náà jẹ́ ti àṣà àtijọ́ tàbí ti àṣà. Wọ́n ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò iṣẹ́ Afi tó ń jẹ́ &quot;Grief&quot; lórí Chrysler Museum of Art lórí ìkànnì YouTube kan.

Ekong gbani níyànjú pé kí a gbọ́ ohùn àwọn obìnrin. Iṣẹ́ Ekong láti mú kí iṣẹ́ ọnà àti ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn obìnrin pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà ni wọ́n gbà ní ọdún 1962 nígbà tí wọ́n kéde rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “Olùdarí Ìràwọ̀ Dame ti Ìlànà Ìdápadà Àgbáyé,” láti ọwọ́ Ààrẹ William Tubman ti Liberia. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ó tún jẹ́ alàgbà tí a yàn ní Ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì Presbyterian . 

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
Ni 1949, Afi Ekong fẹ Prince Abdul Azizi Attah, ọmọ Atta ti Igbirra, oṣiṣẹ ijọba kan. Ó kú ní ọdún 2009 ní Calabar nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún 78. Ilé ìkópamọ́ idẹ náà ṣì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní Calabar lónìí, àwọn àwòrán tí Afi Ekong yà wà ní ilé ìkópamọ́ Yunifásítì ti Ilu Eko ó sì ní ilẹ̀ tó tóbi ní [[Calabar]] kí ó tó kú.  &lt;ref&gt;Chika Okeke-Agulu, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ojPJBwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=Afi+Ekong&amp;pg=PT321 ''Postcolonial Modernism: Art and Decolonization in Twentieth-Century Nigeria''] (Duke University Press, 2015). {{ISBN|9780822376309}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Francesca Ekwuyasi</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352056731|Francesca Ekwuyasi]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox writer|name=Francesca Ekwuyasi|occupation=Novelist|years_active=2020–present|birth_place=[[Lagos]], Lagos State, Nigeria|education=[[Queen's College, Lagos]] {{small|([[West African Senior School Certificate Examination|WASSCE]])}}&lt;br /&gt;[[University of King's College]] {{small|([[Master of Fine Arts|MFA]])}}|notable_works=''[[Butter Honey Pig Bread]]''|genre=[[Literary fiction]]|awards={{Awards|[[Dayne Ogilvie Prize]]|2022}}|website={{URL|ekwuyasi.com/}}}}

 
'''Francesca Ekwuyasi''' jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé àti olùdarí ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Kánádà ti Nàìjíríà .   Ó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ fún ìwé àròsọ rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ ''Búrẹ́dì ẹlẹ́dẹ̀ pẹ̀lú bọ́tà àti oyin'', èyí tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2020.

Ekwuyasi tún jẹ́ olùkọ́ni ní ètò Master of Fine Arts in Fiction ní Yunifásítì King's College ní Halifax, Nova Scotia .  Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ń ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìgbàgbọ́, ìdílé, ìwà ọ̀daràn, lílo nǹkan, ìdánìkanwà, àti jíjẹ́ ẹni tí ó ní àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Ọlọ́run. 

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
Láti ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà ni Ekwuyasi ti wá ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀,  ní Halifax, Nova Scotia .  Ó jẹ́ oníwà àìdára . &lt;ref name=&quot;pride&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Wọ́n yan ''Búrẹ́dì Ẹlẹ́dẹ̀ Oyin'' fún àtúnse ''Canada Reads'' ti ọdún 2021, níbi tí Roger Mooking ti gbèjà rẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-03-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-01-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwé náà wà ní àkójọpọ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn Giller ti ọdún 2020. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún yan orúkọ rẹ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé Lambda Literary Award fún Lesbian Fiction ti ọdún 2021,  ẹ̀bùn ReLit ti ọdún 2021 fún Novel,  ẹ̀bùn Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Amazon Canada fún Ìwé-ìtàn Àròsọ Àkọ́kọ́ ni ọdún 2021, &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-05-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti ẹ̀bùn Gomina Gbogbogbo ti ọdún 2020 fún ìtàn àròsọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì . &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=April 9, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2022, ó gba ẹ̀bùn Dayne Ogilvie . 

Ní ọdún 2023, ó bá Roger Mooking ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ lórí ìwé tí kì í ṣe ìtàn àròsọ ''Curious Sounds: A Dialogue in Three Movements. ''

Ní àfikún sí ìkọ̀wé rẹ̀, ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà tí a gé ní ìwé ní Halifax's The Khyber ní ọdún 2019  ó sì ti darí àwọn fíìmù fíìmù kúkúrú bíi ''Reconcile'' &lt;ref name=&quot;coast&quot; /&gt; àti ''Black &amp;amp;amp; Belonging'' . 

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Ọdún
! Ṣe ìwé
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Ẹ̀ka
! Àbájáde
! Ìtọ́kasí
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | ''Bọ́tà Búrẹ́dì Ẹlẹ́dẹ̀ Oyin''
| Ẹ̀bùn Giller
| —|| {{Nom|Longlisted}} 
| &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
|-
| Ẹ̀bùn Gómìnà Àgbà
| Ìtàn àròsọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì|| {{sho}} 
| &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;
|-
! rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | 2021
| Ẹ̀bùn Ìtàn Àkọ́kọ́ ti Amazon Canada
| —|| {{sho}} 
| &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;
|-
| ''Kánádà Àwọn ìwé kíkà''
| —|| {{Nom}} 
| &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
| Ẹ̀bùn Ìkọ̀wé Lambda
| Ìtàn Àwọn Obìnrin Obìnrin|| {{sho}} 
| 
|-
| Ẹ̀bùn ReLit
| Ìtàn tuntun|| {{sho}} 
| 
|-
! 2022
| Ẹ̀bùn Dayne Ogilvie
| —|| {{won}} 
| 
|}

== Ìwé Ìròyìn ==

* {{Cite book|first=francesca|last=ekwuyasi|author-mask=2|title=[[Butter Honey Pig Bread]]|publisher=[[Arsenal Pulp Press]]|year=2020|isbn=9781551528236}}
* {{Cite book|last=ekwuyasi|first=francesca|title=Curious Sounds: A Dialogue in Three Movements|publisher=[[Arsenal Pulp Press]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1-55152-929-5|author-mask=2}}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Mary Evans</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352453202|Mary Evans (artist)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Mary Evans''' (tí a bí ní ọdún 1963) jẹ́ ayàwòrán òde òní tí ó ń gbé ní England tí ó sì ń ṣiṣẹ́, ó sì ń lo ìtàn ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà rẹ̀ àti ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní Yúróòpù nínú ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀.

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bi Evans ni ilu Eko, Nàìjíríà ni odun 1963. Lẹ́yìn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìpìlẹ̀ ní St Helens College of Art &amp; Design (1981–82), ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa àwòrán fún BA rẹ̀ ní Ile-ẹkọ giga Gloucestershire fun Iṣẹ-ọnà ati Imọ-ẹrọ (1982–85), ó sì gba MA rẹ̀ nínú Fine Art ní Kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì Goldsmiths (1987–89). Lẹ́yìn náà, ó lọ sí ilé ìwé gíga ní Rijksakademie, Amsterdam (1991–93).

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Evans ti gba ọpọlọpọ awọn iṣẹ pataki, awọn ẹbun ati awọn ile-iṣẹ ibugbe, pẹlu Ètò Ìrànwọ́ fún Àwọn Oníṣọ̀nà láti Ṣe Ìwádìí ní Smithsonian, Ile-išọ́ Àwòrán Áfíríkà ti Orílẹ̀-èdè, Washington, DC, ni ọdun 2010. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=3 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó sábà máa ń lo ìwé gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun èlò rẹ̀, ó ń ṣe iṣẹ́ tó tóbi, tó sì ṣe pàtàkì lórí ibi iṣẹ́ — nígbà míìrán pẹ̀lú ìtọ́ka sí àwọn tó ní agbára púpọ̀, bíi línching ní Deep South. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amazon.co.uk/Culture-Game-Olu-Oguibe/dp/0816641315 Olu Oguibe, ''The Culture Game'', University of Minnesota Press, 2003.] {{ISBN|0-8166-4131-5}}, {{ISBN|978-0816641314}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ti hàn gbangba káàkiri UK, àti ní àgbáyé — ní Amẹ́ríkà, Netherlands, Mexico àti China, títí bí ''ìdágbére sí ìṣèlú lẹ́yìn ìjọba amúnisìn'' ní Guangzhou Triennale kẹta ní ọdún 2008,  ''Port City'' (2007) ní Arnolfini, Bristol, àti ''A Fiction of Authenticity:Ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ti òde-òní ní ilẹ̀ òkèèrè''(2003), Ile-iṣọ Aworan Igbalode ti St. Louis . 

Nígbà tí ó ń ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìfihàn rẹ̀ tí ó dá nìkan '', Cut and Paste'' (2012, Tiwani Contemporary, Lọ́ndọ́nù), alárìíwísí Stephanie Baptist kọ̀wé pé: “Àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀ lórí tẹlifíṣọ̀n kìí ṣe ìtàn rẹ̀ nìkan, ṣùgbọ́n àwọn ìtàn baba ńlá ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà tí a kìí sábà sọ. Èmi yóò fi Evans wé arúgbó . Iṣẹ́ yìí ṣe pàtàkì, nítorí pé ó jẹ́ òpìtàn àti akọ̀wé ìtàn. Ó ní àwọn ìtàn àpapọ̀ ti abúlé náà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìbànújẹ́ àti ìṣẹ́gun. Ẹni tí ó rántí lè tún túmọ̀ àwọn ìtàn tí a kò kọ sílẹ̀ kí ó sì pín àwọn ìtàn tí a kò sọ nípa wọn tí a lè gbàgbé bí kò bá ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀.” &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.anotherafrica.net/art-culture/mary-evans-cut-and-paste Stephanie Baptist, &quot;Mary Evans | Cut and Paste&quot;, ''Art &amp; Culture'', 5 October 2012.]{{Dead link|date=December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2020, Evans wà lára àwọn tó wà nínú eré náà '', “Paper Routes: Women to Watch 2020”'' ní Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá Àwọn Obìnrin ní Àwọn Ọ̀nà . &lt;ref name=&quot;catalogue&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|location=Washington, D. C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Evans ni oludari ile-iwe Slade fún Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà ni UCL ni ilu Lọ́ndọ́nù

== Àwọn ìfihàn tí a yàn ==

* 1993: ''Mary Evans - Àwòrán àti Iṣẹ́ Àkànṣe'', Rotterdam
* 1997: ''Àlẹ̀mọ́'', Ilé Leighton, Lọ́ndọ́nù
* 2000: ''Nítorí pé Iná kan wà ní orí mi'', Gúúsù London Gallery, London &lt;ref name=&quot;Arnolfini&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=22 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2000: ''Continental Shift'', Ludwig Forum fur Internationale Kunst, Aachen, Jẹmánì &lt;ref name=&quot;Arnolfini&quot; /&gt;
* 2001: ''Àkójọpọ̀'', Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Àwòrán Ilé Kafe
* 2003: ''Ìtàn Àròsọ Nípa Ìdánilójú: Ọjọ́ Ayé Àtijọ́ Áfíríkà ní Òkèèrè'', Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá Ọnà Òde-Òní St. Louis
* 2005: ''Àwọn Kọǹtì 5 àti Ìlú 1'', Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ti Ìlú Mẹ́síkò, [[Ìlú Mẹ́ksíkò|Ìlú Mẹ́síkò]], Mẹ́síkò
* 2007: ''Ominira ati Asa'', Ile-iṣẹ South Bank, London
* 2007: ''Port City'', Arnolfini, Bristol
* 2008: ''Àwọn Ìṣàrò'', Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá Ọnà Baltimore, [[Baltimore]]
* 2012: ''Gé àti Lẹ́ẹ̀'', Tiwani Contemporary, Lọ́ndọ́nù
* 2016: ''Ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún ènìyàn ló ń rìnrìn àjò lójú omi'', EVA International Biennial 
* Ọdun 2023: ''GILT'', Zeitz MOCAA, Capetown 

== Àwọn ìtẹ̀jáde ==

* ''Àlẹ̀mọ́'', Lọ́ndọ́nù: InIVA àti Royal Borough ti Kensington àti Chelsea, 1997.  

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363804930|Yusuf Grillo]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox artist|name=Yusuf Adebayo Cameron Grillo|image=Yusuf Grillo, 'Yoruba Bride'.jpg|imagesize=|caption=[[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] Bride by Yusuf Grillo|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1934|12|16}}|birth_place=Brazilian Quarters of Lagos, [[Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria|Nigeria]]|death_date={{death date|2021|08|23|df=y}} (aged 86)|death_place=|field=[[Contemporary art]]|training=|movement=|works=|patrons=|influenced by=|influenced=|awards=}}


'''Yusuf Grillo''' fetisi ⓘ (ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1934 – ó sì kú ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2021) jẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó gbajúmọ̀ fún iṣẹ́ yíyà àwòrán, gbígbẹ́ ère, àti yíyà àwòrán sórí ògiri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Yusuf Grillo ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1934 ní agbègbè Brazil ti Erékùsù Èkó, Èkó. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Art is my life, it's what I will do till I die — Yusuf Grillo|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti Nàìjíríà ti Àwọn Ọ̀nà, Ìmọ̀ Sáyẹ́ǹsì àti Ìmọ̀ Ẹ̀rọ ní Zaria, níbi tí ó ti gba ìwé ẹ̀rí ní Àwọn Ọ̀nà Àwòrán àti ìwé ẹ̀rí ìkẹ́ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ní Ẹ̀kọ́ ní ọdún 1961. &lt;ref name=&quot;Falola&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Falola|first1=Toyin|last2=Jennings|first2=Christian|title=Africanizing Knowledge: African Studies Across the Disciplines|publisher=Transaction Publishers|year=2002|pages=177–178|isbn=0-7658-0138-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn náà, ó gba ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ pàtàkì ní Yunifásítì Cambridge, ó sì lọ sí àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n ní Germany àti Amẹ́ríkà. &lt;ref name=&quot;Falola&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Grillo bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ olùkọ́ni rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1962 ní Yaba Technical Institute lábẹ́ ìdarí Paul Mount, Olórí Ẹ̀ka Iṣẹ́ ọnà nígbà náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;Falola&quot; /&gt; Lẹ́yìn náà, ó di Olórí Ẹ̀ka Iṣẹ́ ọnà àti Ìtẹ̀wé ní Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Imọ-ẹrọ ti Yaba, níbi tí ó ti kọ́ ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìran àwọn ayàwòrán ní Nàìjíríà kí ó tó fẹ̀yìntì ní ọdún 1987. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Art is my life, it's what I will do till I die — Yusuf Grillo}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n kà Grillo sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn òṣèré ayàwòrán òde òní ní Nàìjíríà, wọ́n sì gba ìdámọ̀ ní orílẹ̀-èdè àti ní àgbáyé ní ọdún 1960 àti 1970. Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ papọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ọ̀nà ìyawòrán ti ìwọ̀-oòrùn pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹ̀yà iṣẹ́ ọnà ìbílẹ̀ Yorùbá. Ó di mímọ̀ ní pàtàkì fún lílo àwọn àwọ̀ búlúù, àṣà kan tí a sábà máa ń so mọ́ àwọ̀ àwọn àwòrán aṣọ ''adire'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;Falola&quot; /&gt;

Lẹ́yìn ìfẹ̀yìntì rẹ̀, Grillo ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré oníṣẹ́ ọnà ní Ikeja, Èkó, níbi tí ó ti ń tẹ̀síwájú láti ya àwòrán àti láti kọ́ àwọn òṣèré ọ̀dọ́. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Art is my life, it's what I will do till I die — Yusuf Grillo}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara-ẹni ==
Grillo fẹ́ Iyabo Amope Grillo, wọ́n sì bí ọmọ márùn-ún. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Veteran artist Yusuf Grillo dies at 86|url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2021/08/23/veteran-artist-yusuf-grillo-dies-at-86/|work=TheNEWS|date=23 August 2021|access-date=28 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ikú ==
Grillo kú ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2021 ní ẹni ọdún mẹ́tàdínlọ́gọ́rin láti inú àwọn ìṣòro tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú COVID-19. 

== Àwọn iṣẹ́ pàtàkì ==

* ''Ìpadàbọ̀ Àwọn Olùlù''
* ''Àwòrán Sultan Bello''
* ''Ìyá àti Ọmọ''
* ''Obìnrin Mùsùlùmí''
* ''Abe nu Gongo'' (1993) 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327671339|Ovia Idah]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox person|name=Ovia Idah|other_names=Ovidah Ida,&lt;br/&gt; Igbolovia Ida|birth_date=1903|birth_place=Oria, [[Delta State]], [[Southern Nigeria Protectorate]] (now [[Nigeria]])|death_date=1968|death_place=Nigeria|occupation=Sculptor, painter, carpenter, designer, educator|movement=Modernism&lt;ref name=&quot;JeanKen&quot; /&gt;}}

 
Olórí '''Ovia Idah''' (1903–1968) jẹ́ oníṣẹ́ ọnà, ayàwòrán, gbẹ́nàgbẹ́nà, ayàwòrán, àti olùkọ́ni ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà .    Ó ṣiṣẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà, títí bí igi ebony, eyín erin, ike, àti terracotta àti simenti.  Idah's ti n ṣiṣẹ ni Eko ni Ipinle Eko, ati Ìlú Benin ni Ipinle Edo,  ṣugbọn o fihan iṣẹ rẹ ni kariaye. Àwọn orúkọ tí a tún mọ̀ ọ́n ni '''Igbolovia Ida''' àti '''Ovidah Ida''' . &lt;ref name=&quot;Grove&quot; /&gt;

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
Wọ́n tọ́ ọ dàgbà ní ààfin ọba gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ ààfin (tàbí omada) láti ọmọ ọdún méje títí di ọmọ ọdún mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún, níbi tí ó ti kọ́ ọgbọ́n gbígbẹ́ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Gore|first1=Charles|title=Art, Performance and Ritual in Benin City|publisher=[[Edinburgh University Press]]|isbn=978-1-4744-6858-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; gẹ́gẹ́ bí ojú ìwé lábẹ́ [[Oba of Benin|Oba]] Eweka Kejì ti Benin.

Wọ́n gbà Idah síṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí gbẹ́nàgbẹ́nà pẹ̀lú Ẹ̀ka Iṣẹ́ Gbogbogbò ní Èkó láti ọdún 1923 títí di ọdún 1947. &lt;ref name=&quot;Nevadomsky-1997&quot; /&gt; Ó tún kọ́ni ní [[King's College]] ní Èkó. &lt;ref name=&quot;Nevadomsky-1997&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Beier|first1=Ulli|title=Contemporary Art in Africa|publisher=F. A. Praeger|pages=20–23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oba Akenzua Kejì yí Idah lérò padà láti ṣe olórí Benin Carvers Cooperative ní Benin City ní ọdún 1947. &lt;ref name=&quot;Nevadomsky-1997&quot; /&gt;

Àwọn ère Idah já kúrò láti inú àṣà gbígbẹ́ àdúgbò, wọ́n sì ní àṣà àrà ọ̀tọ̀ tiwọn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Simon|first=Ottenberg|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9PskAQAAMAAJ|title=New Traditions From Nigeria|date=1997-10-17|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|isbn=978-1-56098-800-7|pages=22|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n fi kún un gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá kan nínú ìwé náà, &quot;New Currents, Ancient Rivers: Contemporary African Artists in a Generation of Change&quot; ( Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992), ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwádìí tó tóbi jùlọ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà Áfíríkà òde òní ní àkókò náà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=jẹgẹdẹ|first=dele|date=1996|title=Review of New Currents, Ancient Rivers: Contemporary African Artists in a Generation of Change|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3337443|pages=21–98}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;JeanKen&quot; /&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* [[Ìran Ẹdó|Àwọn ènìyàn Edo]]
* Àkójọ àwọn òṣèré Nàìjíríà
* [[Ilẹ̀ Ọba Benin|Ìjọba Benin]]

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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367875101|Lynxxx]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>636135</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
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{{Infobox musical artist|name=Lynxxx|image=Lynxxx.jpg|caption=|birth_name=Chukie Edozien|birth_date={{birth date and age|1987|11|24}}|genre=Jollof Musik, [[Afro pop music|Afropop]], [[hip hop music|hip hop]], [[contemporary R&amp;B]], [[funky house]]|occupation=[[Recording artist]], [[CEO]], [[entrepreneur]]|years_active=2009-present|associated_acts=[[Banky W]], Ikon, [[Phyno]], DJ Obi, [[Wizkid]], [[DJ Caise]]}}


'''Chukie Edozien''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1987), tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''Lynxxx''', tí a mọ̀ sí Lynxxx, jẹ́ olórin orin hip-hop ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti oníṣòwò . Ní ọdún 2010, ó gbé àwo orin àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ jáde ní ilé iṣẹ́ Èyí ni Lynxxx, ó sì di òṣèré ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àkọ́kọ́ tí ilé iṣẹ́ [[Pepsi]] kárí ayé fọwọ́ sí.  Òun ni olùdásílẹ̀ Jollof Musik{{Spaced en dash}}irú orin kan tí ó ṣàpèjúwe gẹ́gẹ́ bí “àdàpọ̀ orin oníṣẹ́ ọnà láti ṣẹ̀dá orin tó dára”. 

== Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Lynxxx ni ọmọ kan ṣoṣo ti Oloye John D. Edozien, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Behold celebs who were born rich - The Nation Nigeria|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/behold-celebs-who-were-born-rich/amp/|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; igbakeji gomina tẹlẹ ti Ipinle Bendel atijo ni Nàìjíríà . Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ Corona ní Ikoyi, ní ìlú Èkó, ó sì lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Kings College ní Èkó fún ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀. Ó lọ sí Yunifásítì Hull ní United Kingdom, níbi tí ó ti gba ìwé ẹ̀rí nínú ìṣòwò, ètò ọrọ̀ ajé àti títà ọjà .  

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Lẹ́yìn ọdún mẹ́wàá tí Lynxxx ti ṣiṣẹ́ lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ nínú iṣẹ́ orin, ó kọ́kọ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórin àwo orin ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2009, pẹ̀lú ìtújáde orin àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀, &quot;Change your Parade&quot;, tí olùgbéjáde àti alábàáṣiṣẹpọ̀ Syndik8 &quot;IKON&quot; ṣe. Orin náà gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ eré orí rédíò, ó sì gbajúmọ̀ ní àwọn ilé ìtura alẹ́, èyí tí ó ran Lynxxx lọ́wọ́ láti ní àwọn olùfẹ́ tó pọ̀ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìròyìn lórí ayélujára.  

Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2010, Lynxxx gbé àwo orin àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ jáde ''This Is Lynxxx'' . Àwo orin náà ní àpapọ̀ àwọn oríṣi orin bíi Urban hip hop, modern R&amp;B, àti àwọn infusions ti funky house . Lynxxx pe àpapọ̀ onírúurú àṣà yìí ní &quot;Jollof Musik&quot; - ọ̀rọ̀ kan tí ó ń tọ́ka sí iṣẹ́ ọnà ìdàpọ̀ onírúurú onírúurú orin láti ṣe orin tó dára. Ní ọdún kan náà, Lynxxx di òṣèré ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àkọ́kọ́ tí Pepsi fọwọ́ sí. 

Ní àfikún sí iṣẹ́ orin rẹ̀, Lynxxx tún jẹ́ oníṣòwò . Ó dá ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ ajé tó yọrí sí rere sílẹ̀ kí ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ orin rẹ̀, títí bí iṣẹ́ aṣọ tí wọ́n ń pè ní Syndik8 Denim, ilé iṣẹ́ ìgbàsílẹ̀ oní-nọ́ńbà kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní Red Room Studio, ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní Happy Teddy Media (HTM), àti Syndik8 Films. 

== Àwòrán orin ==

=== Àwọn àwo orin sítídíò ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Ọdún
! Àkọlé àwo orin
! Àmì
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Àwọn ìwé-ẹ̀rí
|-
| 2010
| ''Èyí ni Lynxxx''
| Àwọn Àkọsílẹ̀ Syndik8
|
|-
| 2015
| ''Orin Jollof''
| Àwọn Àkọsílẹ̀ Syndik8
|
|-
| 2016
| ''Àwo orin kí ó tó di àwo orin náà''
| Àwọn Àkọsílẹ̀ Syndik8
|
|}

=== Àwọn àpọ́n kan ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Ọdún
! Àkọlé
! Àwọn àlàyé
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Àwọn Àkíyèsí
|-
| 2009
| &quot;Yi Pada si Itolẹsẹ Rẹ&quot;
| tí ó ní IKON nínú
| tí olùgbéjáde ilé-iṣẹ́ Syndik8 ṣe; tí a tú jáde ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2009
|-
| 2010
| &quot;Luvin rere&quot;
| pẹ̀lú Wizkid
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2010
|-
| 2010
| &quot;Àgbáyé&quot;
| tí ó ṣe àfihàn DJ Caise
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2010
|-
| 2010
| &quot;Yi Pada si Itolẹsẹ Rẹ&quot;
| pẹ̀lú R2Bees
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2010
|-
| 2011
| &quot;Alábùkùn&quot;
| tí ó ṣe àfihàn Banky W
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kẹta ọdún 2011
|-
| 2012
| &quot;Ilé-iṣẹ́ Àìsìkírìmù&quot;
|
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2012
|-
| 2012
| &quot;Tele me kalo&quot;
| tí ó ní SDC
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2012
|-
| 2012
| &quot;Obìnrin Àtàtà&quot;
| pẹ̀lú Wizkid
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2012
|-
| 2012
| &quot;Eziokwu&quot;
| ifihan Ikechukwu, IllBliss, Phyno
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2012
|-
| 2013
| &quot;Ọmọbìnrin burúkú ti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà&quot;
|
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2013
|-
| 2014
| &quot;Ifeoma&quot;
|
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2014
|-
| 2014
| &quot;Ibi Mi&quot;
|
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2014
|-
| 2014
| &quot;Fi ìtàn sílẹ̀&quot;
|
| tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2014
|}

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti yíyàn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Ọdún
! Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Àbájáde
|-
| 2010
| Dynamix
| Olórin Tó Ní Ìrètí Jùlọ |{{Nom}}
|-
| 2011
| Dynamix
| Olórin Tuntun Tó Dáa Jùlọ |{{Nom}}
|-
| 2011
| Àwọn orí
| Ìfihàn Ọdún
| Ti yan
|-
| 2011
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn FAB
| Ayàwòrán Ọkùnrin Tó Lẹ́wà Jùlọ |{{Won}}
|-
| 2011
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Fídíò Orin Nàìjíríà
| Orin Hip-Hop Afro Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| Ti yan
|-
| 2012
| Aṣọ pípé
| Olórin Aláràbarà Jùlọ
| Ti yan
|-
| 2012
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Orin SouthSouth
| Ìbáṣepọ̀ Tó Dáa Jùlọ &quot;Fine Lady&quot;
| Ti yan
|-
| 2013
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Orin SouthSouth
| Best Hip Hop &quot;Eziokwu&quot;
| Ti yan
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1987]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Àyọkà pẹ̀lú ìjúwe ṣókí]]</text>
      <sha1>229fhb3lnvxj9o9uktkwbi0m6d0bw8o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Neec Nonso</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83877</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636136</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T07:45:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347937723|Neec Nonso]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox artist|name=Neec Nonso|image=Neec Nonso- Visual Artist.jpg|known_for=Photography, Augmented Reality, Film-making|notable_works=Transcendental Signified, Christmas and Clothes|website=www.neecnonso.com|birth_date=24 October 1990}}

'''Neec Nonso''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1990) jẹ́ olórin ará Nàìjíríà tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní ẹ̀ka ìmọ̀ nípa augmented reality (AR), fọ́tò, àti ṣíṣe fíìmù. 

Ó jẹ́ olókìkí fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tí àkọlé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Kérésìmesì àti Aṣọ, èyí tí ó dá lórí ìrántí ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ nípa ayẹyẹ Kérésìmesì ní àwọn abúlé Nàìjíríà. 

A tún mọ Neec fún àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà AR rẹ̀ tí ó máa ń ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn kókó-ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ìgbàgbọ́ nínú àtúnbí, ayé lẹ́yìn ikú, àti àwọn èèwọ̀ tàbí àròsọ àṣà nípa ikú. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ-ẹgbé àwọn olùyàwòrán tí a mọ̀ sí '1884 photo collective,  ẹgbẹ́ àwọn fọ́tò tí wọ́n ń gbé jáde láti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà; àti Àkójọ Ìpamọ́ Ọkọ̀ Ojú Ìwòrán ti Áfíríkà (APJD)  èyí tí ó jẹ́ iṣẹ́ àjùmọ̀ṣe láti ọwọ́ Àjọ World Press Photo Foundation àti Áfíríkà Lojoojúmọ́ .

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Neec Nonso ní Aguleri, Ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra, lẹ́yìn náà ó kó lọ sí ìlú Èkó pẹ̀lú ìdílé rẹ̀.  Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa eré orí ìtàgé àti fíìmù ní Yunifásítì ti Nàìjíríà, Nsukka.

Ní ọdún 2019, ó di olùborí nínú àtúnyẹ̀wòFọ́tò Èkó portfolio, wọ́n sì fún un ní ètò ìdúró fún ọdún kan pẹ̀lú Àjọ Àwọn Oníṣọ̀nà Áfíríkà, ní ìlú Èkó. Ilé iṣẹ́ Prince Claus kéde rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ayàwòrán méjìlá tí wọ́n ń tún ojú ìwòye ọjọ́ iwájú ìlú wọn ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá kan nínú ètò ìtọ́sọ́nà ní ọdún 2023. 

Ní ọdún 2025, wọ́n kéde Neec Nonso gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùborí ìdíje fọ́tò &quot;ATLAS: Another Nigeria&quot; pẹ̀lú àwòrán rẹ̀ tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;fún àwọn tuntun tí ń bọ̀ àtijọ́ gbọ́dọ̀ lọ&quot;. Ìwé ìròyìn ''Republic'' Journal pẹ̀lú ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ pẹ̀lú Fọ́tò Èkó ló ṣètò rẹ̀, àmì-ẹ̀yẹ náà wá pẹ̀lú ẹ̀bùn owó $2,500, ìtọ́sọ́nà ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n, àti ìfihàn níbi ayẹyẹ fọ́tò Àjọyọ̀ Èkó 2025. 

Neec jẹ́ ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti ọdún 2022 Rele àwọn ọ̀dọ́ tí wọ́n jọ wà ní ẹgbẹ́ Rele    àti ẹni tí ó gba ipò ìkẹyìn ní Art-X Lagos. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-11-25|title=Nigerian Among Winners At Access Art X 2022/23|url=https://leadership.ng/nigerian-among-winners-at-access-art-x-2022-23/|access-date=2023-04-30|work=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn ==

* 2025: Idije Fọ́tò &quot;ATLAS: Nàìjíríà mìíràn&quot;, Ìwé Ìròyìn The Republic àti Àwòrán Lagos 
* 2023: Ẹ̀bùn Ìtọ́nisọ́nà Prince Claus 
* 2022: Ẹ̀bùn Fọ́tò Vantage Point, Sharjah Art Foundation 
* 2019: Àtúnyẹ̀wò àkójọ àwòrán ní Lagos 
* 2016: Idije Fọto &quot;Nigeria Mi&quot;, Irin-ajo ni Agbegbe Wa, Nàìjíríà &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Winners announced for 'My Nigeria Travel Story' contest}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìfihàn ==
Neec ti kopa ninu ọpọlọpọ awọn ifihan. Èyí ni àyàn tí a yàn tẹ̀lé  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2019-03-23|title=Art meets music at AAF’s maker lab exhibition|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/art-meets-music-at-aafs-maker-lab-exhibition/|place=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2023-04-05|journal=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Art Meets Music, Fashion in an Uncaged Expression of Yanga|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/03/29/art-meets-music-fashion-in-an-uncaged-expression-of-yanga/|accessdate=2023-04-05|journal=[[This Day]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=In a Pot of Hot Soup: A Review of Ground-breaking Creativity of Nigerian artists at Brunei Gallery, SOAS, London|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/06/21/in-a-pot-of-hot-soup-a-review-of-ground-breaking-creativity-of-nigerian-artists-at-brunei-gallery-soas-london/|accessdate=2023-04-05|journal=[[This Day]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

=== Ifihan ẹgbẹ ===

* Ìkòkò ọbẹ̀ gbígbóná kan, Brunei Gallery/SOAS, London.
* Obscura, Ayé lónìí 18+, Metaverse .
* Àwọn Ọ̀dọ́mọdé Ọdún 2022, Rele Gallery Lagos.
* Àwọn nǹkan rere wá ní mẹ́ta, Rele Gallery Los Angeles.
* Wa na wari, Wa na wari Art space, US.
* Yanga, African olorin Foundation, Lagos

=== Ìfihàn adashe ===

* Àmì Àmì Àyípadà, Àkójọ Àwọn Ohun Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Obinna|first1=Emelike|title=Rele Gallery throws light on Nonso’s Transcendental Signified|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1990]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>400x4l6ig7a7x8mvwzj45bv2xwuox1z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tony Nsofor</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83878</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636137</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T07:51:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329066551|Tony Nsofor]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>636137</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4731" sha1="c5sr692ewfeard59dc1gsuemrguzlgj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Tony Nsofor|other_names=Anthony Chukwudinma Richard Nsofor|birth_name=Tony|birth_date=May 3, 1973|birth_place=Oguta|citizenship=Nigeria|education=Nsukka (UNN)|alma_mater=University of Nigeria|occupation=painter|employer=Whitesands School}}

'''Tony Nsofor''' fetisi ⓘ (tí a bí ní ọdún 1973), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=March 2, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ́ olùyàwòrán ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Orúkọ rẹ̀ ní kíkún ni Anthony Chukwudinma Richard Nsofor.

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
A bi Tony Nsofor ni ojo kẹta osu karun odun 1973, ni Oguta, Nigeria. Ó lọ sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Nursery Assumpta; Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Àkọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ Shell Camp; àti Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Àwọn Òṣìṣẹ́ FUTO (gbogbo wọn ní Owerri, Ìpínlẹ̀ Imo, gúúsù ìlà-oòrùn Nàìjíríà ) fún ẹ̀kọ́ ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ kékeré àti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ rẹ̀.

Ó lọ sí Holy Ghost College, Owerri, kí ó tó lọ sí Government College, Owerri láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ fún ìgbà méjì. Lẹ́yìn náà, àwọn òbí rẹ̀ gbé e lọ sí Federal Government College, Okigwe láti parí ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀. Ní Okigwe, ó jẹ́ ààrẹ Ẹgbẹ́ awọn Oníṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìgbà tí ó jẹ́ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́. Ní ọdún 1991, ó gba ìwé àṣẹ láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa Fine and Applied Arts ní Yunifásítì ti Nàìjíríà, Nsukka (UNN) ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Enugu, ó sì kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa Painting.

Lẹ́yìn tí ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀, ó ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú Comet Newspapers fún ọdún kan kí ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe ìdánrawò ní ilé iṣẹ́ fídíò ní kíkún. Ní ọdún 2008, ó ṣiṣẹ́ fún ọdún kan gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ iṣẹ́ ọnà ní Ile-iwe Whitesands,Èkó, Nàìjíríà.  Ó fi iṣẹ́ olùkọ́ni sílẹ̀ ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Whitesands láti fi àkókò púpọ̀ sí i fún ṣíṣe iṣẹ́ ayàwòrán àti fọ́tò.

== Àwọn ìfihàn ==
Tony Nsofor ti ṣe afihan pupọ ninu awọn ifihan ẹgbẹ ni Nàìjíríà. ati ni okeere. Díẹ̀ lára wọn ni: &quot; ''Àwọn ayàwòrán tuntun mẹ́fà láti Nsukka 1997'' &quot;Ìgbìmọ̀ British Council, Enugu, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2016-03-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Orthopaedic Series, Ilé Ìwòsàn Orthopaedic ti Orílẹ̀-èdè, Èkó, Nàìjíríà, 2004 'Wiwa Àṣà Padà: Uli and the Politics of Culture, ìfihàn àwòrán ìrìn àjò tí Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n C. Krydz Ikwuemesi ṣètò. Ifihan naa bẹrẹ ni Pendulum Gallery, Lagos, o si lọ si Enugu, Nigeria ati Worcester, Gusu Afrikalaarin Oṣu Kini ọjọ kéjìlélógún si Oṣu Kẹta ọjọ 25, ọdun 2005. &quot; 'Iroye sinu aworan Naijiria' &quot; Cheikh Anta Diop Univ., Senegal, 2006. &quot; ''Pẹ̀lú Ojú Ènìyàn'' &quot; Yunifásítì Pan-African, Èkó, 2008, &quot; ''Africa Heritage 2006: Ìpele Ẹ̀kẹfà ti Pan-African Circle of Artists'' &quot;  &quot; ''Art for Hope'' &quot;, The Grind Gallery, Los Angeles, 2008,  ' Ìtàn Ayé Ara-ẹni àti Àwọn Ọ̀rọ̀-ìbùkún, Yunifásítì Pan-African, Èkó 2012 &quot; ''Awọn iṣẹ tuntun- Tony Nsofor &amp; Ibe Ananaba'' &quot;, Temple Muse, Eko, Oṣù Kọkànlá 2015 ti SMO ''Contemporary Art Booth 9'', ARTX Eko Fair, Civic Centre, Nigeria,2017  &quot; ''Integration 4'' &quot;, Dak'Art OFF group exhibition, Fondation Sonatel, Senegal, 2018 'Ballot Boxes and Beasts of Power', Ile-ifihan Iṣẹ-ọnà Houkami Guyzagn, Côte d'Ivoire, Oṣù Kẹsàn-án 2018 &quot; ''Àwọn Ọ̀nà Ìbáṣepọ̀: Àìṣe-pọ̀-mọ́-ra nínú Jíjẹ́-kannáà''&quot; O'DA Art àwòrán ilé ìtàgé, Èkó Oṣù Kọkànlá 2021 

== Àwọn ìkọ̀wé ==
&quot;Àwòrán&quot;&amp;nbsp;— Ìmọ̀ràn: Kí ni èrò náà? , àpilẹ̀kọ nínú ìwé ìròyìn ''234Magazine''  &quot;Nàìjíríà / Gbòǹgbò: Àwọn Òṣèré Òde Òní láti Nàìjíríà&quot; tí a tẹ̀ jáde. Benetton, Luciano (et al), Crocetta del Montello: Fabrica, 2015 &quot;Isin Nigerian Art in Lagos Private Collections: New Trees in an Old Forest&quot;. Jess Castellote ed. Gloucestershire: Bookcraft Limited, 2012.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MnNlkQEACAAJ|title=Contemporary Nigerian Art in Lagos Private Collections: New Trees in an Old Forest|isbn=9789788135784|last=Castellote|first1=Jess|year=2012|publisher=Bookcraft}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;Àtúnṣe Àṣà: Uli àti Ìṣèlú Àṣà&quot;, C. Krydz Ikwuemesi àti Emeka Agbayi, àwọn olùdarí. Ile-iṣẹ Pendulum fun Asa ati Idagbasoke, 2005

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372542793|Kelechi Nwaneri]]&quot;</comment>
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{{infobox person|name=Kelechi Nwaneri|birth_name=Kelechi Charles Nwaneri|birth_place=[[Lagos]]|image=|caption=|occupation=Artist|birth_date=1994|education=[[University of Nigeria]]}}


'''Kelechi Nwaneri''' (tí a bí ní ọdún 1994)  jẹ́ òṣèré onímọ̀ nípa àwọn ohun èlò orin aláròpọ̀  . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;  A bi i ni Eko.  Kelechi ń ṣẹ̀dá àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà tí ó dá lórí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àyíká rẹ̀. Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tọ́ka sí àwòrán àwọn ará Igbo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=14 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=kassi-banjo-nwaneri-come-alive-in-stasis|url=https://m.guardian.ng/art/kassi-banjo-nwaneri-come-alive-in-stasis/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bi Kelechi ni ilu Eko . Ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú oyè àkọ́kọ́ nínú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ ní Yunifásítì ti Nàìjíríà, Nsukka ní ọdún 2015.  Ní ọdún kẹta rẹ̀ ní yunifásítì ni ó ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ya àwòrán. 

== Iṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán ==
Kelechi bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú pẹ́ńsù, lẹ́yìn náà ó fi àwọ̀ acrylic àti epo, àwọ̀ omi, àti àkójọpọ̀ kún un. Àwọn Kelvin Okafor, Arinze Stanley, àti Ken Nwadiogbu míràn ló fún un ní ìmísí.  Ó ṣe ìfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ibi ìkópamọ́ àwòrán ilẹ̀ Gúúsù Áfíríkà Ebony/Curated.  Wọ́n ya àwòrán ìṣeré náà ní Gusu Afrika gẹ́gẹ́ bí “àwòrán tó yanilẹ́nu nípa àwọn ènìyàn ìtàn àròsọ nínú àwọn ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó dàbí pé ó jẹ́ ààbọ̀ gidi àti ààbọ̀ ìrònú.” Nípa lílo àwòrán ìbílẹ̀ ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà, èyí tí ó dapọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ọpọlọ láti inú ìtàn iṣẹ́ ọnà òde òní ti ilẹ̀ Yúróòpù, Nwaneri kọ́ àwọn ìtàn aláwọ̀, tuntun, tí ó dà bí àlá tí ó fà mọ́ ọkàn àti ojú àwọn olùwòran lọ́nà ìyanu. &quot; 

A ti ṣapejuwe ọna ti o fi n ṣiṣẹ́ ọ̀nà rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó ní àwọn àkópọ̀ tí a ṣe pẹ̀lú ọgbọ́n àti ìrònú jinlẹ̀, níbi tí ó ti gbé àwọn ènìyàn sí ipò tó yẹ nínú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ láti inú ìgbésí-ayé rẹ̀ gan-an; èyí sì máa ń fa ìjiròrò tó ní ìtumọ̀ lórí àwọn kókó-ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ìwà rere àwùjọ, ìtàn, ìlera ọpọlọ, àti bí ènìyàn àti àyíká wọn ṣe ní ìbáṣepọ̀ tó ṣe pàtàkì.&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;  Lẹ́ẹ̀kan sí i, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé ìròyìn Igbo Journal Review ti sọ, 'Gbogbo iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí Kelechi Nwaneri gbé kalẹ̀ ní àmì àrà ọ̀tọ̀ kan - lílo uli, nsibidi, àwọn ọ̀nà ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ àtijọ́ láti sọ ìtàn. ” &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó jẹ́ ayàwòrán ní Residence for AKKA PROJECT ní Venice, Italy . 

== Àwọn ìfihàn ==
'''Àwọn ìfihàn ìdánìkan'''

* 2021: ''Awọn arosọ'', Kristin Hjellegjerde, Berlin  
* 2020: ''Àwọn àmì òde òní'', Ebony/tí a ti ṣètò ní Cape Town, Gúúsù Áfíríkà 

== Ẹ̀bùn ==
Ní ọdún 2018, ó gba ìdíje àwòrán ojú lọ́dọọdún láti ọwọ́ Ilé Iṣẹ́ Ààbò Sípéènì ní Abuja. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343412721|Okechukwu Ofiaeli]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Okechukwu Ofiaeli''' ( fetisi ⓘ ) (Okechukwu Okoye Ofiaeli, tí a tún mọ̀ sí Okegrass Ofiaeli, tàbí Okey Ofiaeli) jẹ́ olórin àyíká ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó ń gbé ní Queens, New York . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://observer.com/2018/03/artists-of-the-first-southeast-queens-biennial-showcase-borough-pride/|title=Why Southeast Queens Is Primed to Be NYC's Next Creative Hub|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.qchron.com/editions/eastern/former-jamaica-park-gets-needed-touch-up/article_871de2a8-8998-5029-b9de-ed57438d0462.html|title=Former Jamaica park gets needed touch-up|access-date=2018-04-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Ofiaeli ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà nínú ìdílé àwọn òṣèré. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title=Ofiaeli Okechukwu Okoye at 18th Street Art Center}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò ní ẹ̀kọ́ iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà, Ofiaelie bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ní àdúgbò ní ọdún 1983, ó sì kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ile-iṣafihan Orilẹ-ede fun Awọn Iṣẹ-ọwọ ati Apẹrẹ títí di ọdún 2004. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://18thstreet.org/artists/ofiaeli-okechukwu-okoye/|title=Ofiaeli Okechukwu Okoye, 2000 {{!}} 18th Street Arts Center|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Iṣẹ́ Ofiaeli bẹ̀rẹ̀ nígbà tí kò ní owó láti ra fìlà tí yóò dáàbò bo ojú rẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ oòrùn nígbà tí ó bá ń wo bọ́ọ̀lù. Ó rí adájọ́ eré bọ́ọ̀lù kan tí ó wọ fìlà tí a fi ewé ọ̀pẹ tàbí koríko hun, ó sì ṣe irúfẹ́ fìlà bẹ́ẹ̀ nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀ka igi àgbọn láti inú ọgbà bàbá rẹ̀. Nítorí bí fìlà rẹ̀ ṣe gbajúmọ̀ tó, Ofiaeli ní ìwúrí láti tẹ̀síwájú nínú iṣẹ́ yìí, èyí tí ó wà láàrin iṣẹ́ ọnà gidi àti iṣẹ́ ọwọ́. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Rírí àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ní orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ [[Nàìjíríà]] tún mú kí ó fẹ́ràn láti tún àwọn ohun èlò tí a ti sọ nù ṣe àtúnlò dípò ilẹ̀ tí ó jóná tí ó sì pa ilẹ̀ wọn run. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://untappedcities.com/2018/02/27/a-locus-of-moving-points-brings-southeast-queens-to-the-forefront/|title='A Locus of Moving Points' Exhibit Brings Southeast Queens to the Forefront|date=2018-02-27|accessdate=2018-04-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2000, ó rìnrìn àjò lọ sí Amẹ́ríkà fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ láti di òṣèré ní ilé rẹ̀ ní kejidinlogun Ile-iṣẹ́ Iṣẹ́-ọnà ti Ojú-pópóní Santa Monica, California . Ìrírí yìí mú kí Ilé Iṣẹ́ Àpapọ̀ fún Àwọn Ọ̀nà àti Àṣà ti Nàìjíríà pe àfiyèsí sí iṣẹ́ Ofiaeli ní Èkó níbi tí wọ́n ti kọ́ ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè kan fún àwọn ayàwòrán. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

Àwọn ère Ofiaeli ṣe àwárí ipa àyíká nípa lílo àwọn ohun èlò pàtó tí a rí ní ibi kan náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://yorkpbnews.net/news/york-features-southeast-queens-artists-work-in-fine-arts-gallery/|title=York Features Southeast Queens Artists' Work in Fine Arts Gallery|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ní ilé iṣẹ́ kan ní Ebonyi, Nàìjíríà láti kó àwọn ohun èlò ìbílẹ̀ jọ, pàápàá jùlọ koríko erin . Àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní ilé iṣẹ́ náà ń kó koríko jọ tí wọ́n sábà máa ń dáná sun láti ṣọdẹ àti láti gbá àwọn oko náà. Láti àkókò yìí, ìníyelórí ewéko yìí ti yípadà, a sì ti ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀nà tuntun láti lò ó gẹ́gẹ́ bí èso oko . &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Ní Santa Monica, ó lo èso mahogany, igi ọ̀pẹ, àti máńgò. &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Ní ìlú New York, ó lo àwọn ẹ̀yà igi Sycamore tí wọ́n ti wó lulẹ̀ ní pàtàkì. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2016, ó jẹ́ Ayàwòrán ní Ilé-iṣẹ́ fún Àwọn Ọ̀nà àti Ẹ̀kọ́ ní Jamaica .  Ó ti ṣe àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ láti kọ́ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ bí wọ́n ṣe lè ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ohun èlò sí iṣẹ́ ọnà àti àwọn ohun èlò ìlò. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://queenspress.com/events-in-queens-august-5-11-2016/|title=Events In Queens: August 5–11, 2016Queens Press {{!}} Queens Press|access-date=2018-04-25|archivedate=2019-03-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ti kọ́ àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ wọ̀nyí ní ilé rẹ̀ ní New York àti ní àwọn abúlé ní Nàìjíríà níbi tí wọ́n ti ń kọ́ bí a ṣe ń ṣe àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí láti inú àwọn ohun èlò tí a ti sọ nù tí a sì ń tà wọ́n fún èrè. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2003, ó gba ẹ̀bùn owó àgbáyé fún ìgbéga àṣà .  Ní ọdún 2011, wọ́n ṣe àfihàn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní Chashama Gallery ní New York.  Ní ọdún 2015, Ofiaeli gba ẹ̀bùn ọ̀ṣọ́ọ́tọ oníṣẹ́-ọnà Queens Council of the Arts láti mú àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ rẹ̀ wá káàkiri agbègbè náà.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2019-03-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọkan ninu awọn idanileko wọnyi ni a ṣe pẹlu ifihan rẹ ni Southeast Queens Biennial ni ọdun 2018. No Longer Empty ni o ṣe agbekalẹ ifihan yii ni ile-ẹkọ giga York, ati pe Janet Henry, Shervone Neckles ati Damali Abrams tun ṣe afihan awọn iṣẹ wọn. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesledger.com/stories/2015/8/artists_2015_02_20_q.html|title=Artists receive Queens Council on the Arts grants|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà ní ọdún 2018, iṣẹ́ Ofiaeli ni wọ́n ṣe àfihàn ní Ilé-iṣẹ́ Àṣà Korea, New York, láti ṣe ìrántí àwọn ìdíje òṣèré ìgbà òtútù ní PyeongChang . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://gothamtogo.com/celebrating-the-2018-winter-olympics-an-exhibit-of-art-fashion/|title=Celebrating the 2018 Winter Olympics ~ an Exhibit of Art + Fashion at The Korean Cultural Center NYC|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ wà nínú àwọn àkójọ gbogbogbò ti Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Orílẹ̀-èdè ní Badagry, Goethe Instut ní Èkó, Àjọ Ìṣòwò Òde Japan ní Èkó àti Ile-iṣẹ Iṣẹ-ọnà kejidinlogun ti Ita Gbangba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2018-04-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357041419|Duro Olowu]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox person|name=Duro Olowu|image=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=1965|birth_place=[[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]|occupation=Fashion designer and curator|website=}}


'''Duro Olowu''' jẹ́ apẹ̀rẹ aṣọ tí wọ́n bí ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà láti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. Ó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ fún àkópọ̀ àwọn aṣọ àti aṣọ tuntun rẹ̀ tí ó ń gba ìmísí láti ọ̀dọ̀ ìdílé rẹ̀ láti orílẹ̀-èdè mìíràn.

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Olowu ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà, fún ìyá ọmọ Jamaica kan àti baba ọmọ Yorùbá ti Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/15/fashion/my-lagos-duro-olowus-home-town.html|title=My Lagos: Duro Olowu's Home Town}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó dàgbà ní ìlú Èkó, ó lo ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn ní Yúróòpù &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=26 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó kó lọ sí United Kingdom nígbà tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún,  lẹ́yìn náà ó lọ sí Yunifásítì Kent ní Canterbury ó sì parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Apon ti Arts ni Ofin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/05/t-magazine/duro-olowu-style-profile.html?_r=0|title=Duro Olowu, Inspired by the World}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;artbaseafrica1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=25 April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
[[File:2013_Duro_Olowu_ensemble,_Spring-Summer_01.jpg|thumb| Ẹgbẹ́ láti ọwọ́ Duro Olowu fún Ìgbà Ìrúwé-Ìgbà Ooru 2013]]
Ní ọdún 2004, Olowu ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ aṣọ obìnrin rẹ̀ tí a pè ní orúkọ rẹ̀, bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àkójọ aṣọ ìgbà ìrúwé/ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn ọdún 2005. Aṣọ sílíkì onítẹ̀wé púpọ̀ láti inú àkójọpọ̀ náà, tí olóòtú Vogue ti Amẹ́ríkà, Sally Singer, ṣàwárí, di ohun tí ó gbajúmọ̀ kárí ayé. Ó tà ní àwọn ilé ìtajà olókìkí bíi Barney's New York, Browns àti Harrods ní London àti Ikram ní Chicago àti àwọn mìíràn, wọ́n sì yìn ín gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ọdún láti ọwọ́ American Vogue àti British Vogue, wọ́n sì mọ̀ ọ́n sí &quot;Duro Dress.&quot; 

Ní ọdún 2005, Olowu gba ẹ̀bùn Apẹẹrẹ Tuntun ti Ọdún ní British Fashion Awards. Apẹẹrẹ kan ṣoṣo tó ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ kí wọ́n tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìfihàn àkọ́kọ́ wọn ní catwalk.  Ní ọdún 2007, ó ṣe àṣeyọrí rẹ̀ ní London Fashion Week . &lt;ref name=&quot;artbaseafrica1&quot; /&gt; Ó fẹ́ Thelma Golden, Olùdarí àti Olórí Olùtọ́jú Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá Ilé-ìṣẹ̀dá ní Harlem, ní ọdún 2008.  Ní ọdún 2009, wọ́n pè é ní Apẹẹrẹ Àgbáyé Tó Dáa Jùlọ ní Àwọn Ẹ̀yẹ Àṣọ Aláwọ̀dúdú ti Áfíríkà, ó sì tún jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn apẹẹrẹ mẹ́fà tí wọ́n yàn fún ẹ̀bùn Swiss Textile Federation tó jẹ́ €100,000. 

Olowu gbadun atilẹyin kutukutu lati ọdọ Arabinrin Alakoso Amẹrika Michelle Obama, ẹniti o maa n wọ awọn aṣọ rẹ nigbagbogbo. Ní ọdún 2015, Arábìnrin Obama tún fún Olowu ní iṣẹ́ láti ṣe ọṣọ́ sí Yàrá Vermeil ní Ilé Ààrẹ. Olùṣètò náà sọ pé, “Èrò mi ni láti ṣẹ̀dá àsè ẹlẹ́wà fún ojú tí ó jọ àkókò ayọ̀ àti ayọ̀ tí ó kún fún àwọn ohun ìṣúra àgbáyé àti àwọn aṣọ pàtàkì.”  Wọ́n fi Olowu sí àtẹ̀jáde Àkójọ Àwọn Onípa-lágbára ti ọdún 2019, 2020, àti 2021, èyí tí ó jẹ́ àkójọ àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì 100 tí wọ́n ní ipa jùlọ.   Àwọn àwòrán rẹ̀ wà nínú àkójọ àwọn ilé ìkópamọ́ ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Ilé-ìwé Rhode Island fún Àwòṣe(RISD) àti FIT Museum .

Ni awọn ọdun aipẹ yii, Olowu tun bẹrẹ si ni ṣeto awọn ifihan iṣẹ-ọnà ti igbalode ni awọn ile-iṣafihan ati awọn ile-iṣura iṣẹ-ọnà (museums); o bẹrẹ pẹlu awọn ifihan rẹ ti o gba iyin nla, &quot;Material&quot; (2012) ati &quot;More Material&quot; (2014) ni ile-iṣafihan Salon94 ni New York. Ifihan rẹ akọkọ ni ile-iṣura iṣẹ-ọnà waye ni ọdun 2016, eyi ti o jẹ &quot;Making &amp; Unmaking&quot; ni Camden Arts Centre ni London, eyi ti awọn amoye iṣẹ-ọnà si yìn gidigidi.   Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2020, Olowu ṣe ìfihàn ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé kejì rẹ̀, &quot;Duro Olowu: Seeing Chicago&quot; ní Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ti Ọnà Ìgbajúmọ̀, Chicago. Ó ní àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tó lé ní  ọ́ọ̀dúnrún àti  ọgọ́rin láti inú àkójọ àwọn ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà, àti àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ mìíràn àti àwọn àkójọ ìkọ̀kọ̀ ní Chicago. Ifihan naa ni igba akọkọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ ọdun aadọta rẹ ti Ile ọnọ ti Awọn aworan Oniruuru, Chicago ti gba alejo kan si ile-iṣẹ aworan.  Ìwé tí ó tẹ̀lé e yìí, 'DURO OLOWU: SEEING', tí Naomi Beckwith ṣe àtúnṣe rẹ̀ tí Prestel sì tẹ̀ jáde, ní àwọn àfikún láti ọ̀dọ̀ Beckwith, Madeleine Grynsztejn, Ekow Eshun, Valerie Steele, Lynette Yiadom-Boakye àti Thelma Golden.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372546842|Oresegun Olumide]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox person|name=Oresegun Olumide|image=&lt;!-- filename only, no &quot;File:&quot; or &quot;Image:&quot; prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] --&gt;|alt=&lt;!-- descriptive text for use by the blind and visually impaired's speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --&gt;|caption=|birth_name=&lt;!-- only use if different from name --&gt;|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1981}}|birth_place=[[Ikorodu]], [[Lagos State]], Nigeria|death_date=&lt;!-- {{Death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --&gt;|death_place=|other names=|education=[[Yaba College of Technology]]|occupation=Artist|years active=2005–present|known for=|works=}}'''Oresegun Olumide''' Ó jẹ́ òṣèré-àwòrán ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ máa ń jọ ohun gidi gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.naij.com/765103-wont-believe-nigerian-creative-artist-oresegun-olumide-wants-become.html|title=TRIBUTE:Olumide Oresegun's 'perfect' paintings|work=The Cable News|last=Soyombo|first=Fisayo|date=9 March 2016|accessdate=18 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2016, ó fa àfiyèsí àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ní Nàìjíríà àti ní òkè-òkun lẹ́yìn tí ó gbé àwọn àwòrán rẹ̀—tí ó fi epo-kíǹtì (oil paint) yà sórí aṣọ—sí ojú òpó ayélujára Facebook. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/oresegun-olumide-takes-art-world-by-storm/|title=Oresegun Olumide takes art world by storm|last=Ohai|first1=Chux|date=11 March 2016|accessdate=18 March 2016|journal=[[The Punch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2016/03/oresegun-olumides-hyper-realistic-paintings-are-spectacular/|title=Oresegun Olumide's Hyper Realistic Paintings are Spectacular|journal=[[BellaNaija]]|date=9 March 2016|accessdate=18 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Olumide, tí a bí ní Ikorodu (agbegbe kan ní ìlú Èkó), bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ní ìfẹ́ sí iṣẹ́ yíyà àwòrán àti kíkún rẹ̀ nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rin. Ó jẹ́ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Imọ-ẹrọ ti Yaba, ní Yaba, Èkó, níbi tí ó ti parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àmì-ẹ̀yẹ gíga jùlọ (distinction) nínú ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ọnà (Fine Art).&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/oresegun-olumide/index.html|title=These hyper-realistic photos are actually oil paintings|work=[[CNN]]|last=Gurkan|first=Esra|date=9 March 2016|access-date=18 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ka Pablo Picasso àti Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni sí àwọn tí ó ń tẹ̀lé àpẹẹrẹ wọn. &lt;ref name=&quot;Naij News&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.naij.com/765103-wont-believe-nigerian-creative-artist-oresegun-olumide-wants-become.html|title=I want to build a school of art – Oresegun Olumide|work=[[Naij|Naij News]]|date=16 March 2016|access-date=18 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Quote_box/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Quote box|quote=The hyperrealism created in the oil paintings makes his work seem so lifelike that it is hard to believe they aren't.&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn&quot;/&gt;|align=right|author=Esra Gurkan|source=''[[CNN]]'', March 9, 2016}}Olumide bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ya àwòrán ní iṣẹ́ ní ọdún 2005. Àyíká rẹ̀ ló mú kí àwòrán àti àwòrán rẹ̀ máa ń wá sí ọkàn rẹ̀, èyí tó máa ń jẹ́ kí ó lo omi gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. Olumide ni ile ise aworan kan ni Ikorodu ni bayi nibiti o ti n ṣe afihan awọn iṣẹ ati awọn ifihan rẹ. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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  <page>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359935830|Bubu Ogisi]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Bubu Ogisi'''(ti a bi ni ọdun 1987 ni Eko, Nigeria) jẹ oṣere ọmọ orilẹ-ede Nàìjíríà ti o n lo awọn ohun elo okun lati ṣiṣẹ́ ọna, ti o si ni oye ninu ọpọlọpọ awọn ẹka iṣẹ́-ọna, apẹrẹ aṣọ, ati iṣẹ́ abojuto awọn iṣafihan iṣẹ́-ọna; awọn iṣẹ́ rẹ si n ṣawari awọn ọrọ bii idanimọ, iseda awọn ohun elo, ẹmi, ati bi wọn ṣe n ṣe aṣọ ibile ni awọn awujọ Iwọ-oorun Afirika. 

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Bubu Ogisi dàgbà ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìlú kárí ayé, títí bí Londoni, Eko,Accra, àti Paris. Ó gba oyè kini ninu imo sayensi nínú kọ̀mpútà láti Yunifásítì Regent, Accra, Ghana, ó sì gba oyè Master of Arts nínú Fashion Business láti Ile-ẹkọ Giga fun Iṣẹ-ọnà ati Imọ-ẹrọ Aṣọ (ESMOD) ní Paris, Faransé.

== Iṣẹ́ ọnà ==
Iṣẹ́ Ogisi ni láti mú kí ọkàn balẹ̀ kí ó sì béèrè ìbéèrè nípa àwọn ìtàn àgbáyé àti ìṣèlú tí a jogún, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn tí ó níí ṣe pẹ̀lú ìṣèlú lẹ́yìn àti ìṣèlú tuntun .  Ó ń ṣẹ̀dá àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà àti àwọn ohun èlò ìfipamọ́ tí a lè wọ̀ nípa lílo àwọn okùn oníwà-bí-ara àti àwọn ohun tí kò báramu mu, ó sì ń so àwọn àṣà ìbílẹ̀ aṣọ àtijọ́ láti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà pọ̀. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=17 October 2022|title=The Designer Exploring African Stories Through Traditional Fabrics (Published 2022)|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/17/style/bubu-ogisi-iamsigo.html|accessdate=14 November 2025|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀ ń ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ohun èlò bíi agbára ìwalẹ̀, ìmọ́lẹ̀, àwọ̀, ìwọ̀n, àti ìfarahàn láti fi àwọn ìyípadà àìlópin àti àwọn àtúnṣe ohun èlò ti ara àti aṣọ hàn. Ọ̀nà yìí ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ àìṣeéṣe, àìṣeéṣe (gẹ́gẹ́ bí àríwísí lórí Eurocentrism ), àti iṣẹ́-ṣíṣe.

Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ń ṣàyẹ̀wò ìdánimọ̀, ìrántí, àti àṣeyọrí, ó ń so àwọn ètò ìmọ̀ ìbílẹ̀ pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ẹwà òde òní láti fi àwọn ìtàn dídíjú ti àwọn ará Áfíríkà tí wọ́n wà ní ìgbèríko.   Ogisi tun nlo pẹpẹ rẹ̀ lati beere awọn koko-ọrọ bii ẹsin, abo, awọn aami ibile, idanimọ ẹya, idan, ati awọn ọjọ iwaju ayika. 

== Awọn ipa ọjọgbọn ati ifowosowopo ==
Ogisi ni oludari ẹda ti IAMISIGO, ami iyasọtọ aṣọ obinrin ode oni ti o ṣe afihan awọn ifiyesi iṣẹ ọna ati asa rẹ.  Ó tún jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà hFACTOR. Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ti hàn gbangba ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ibi iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà òde òní, títí kan ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Tamibé Bourdanné tí a fihàn ní FNB Art Joburg Fair ní ọdún 2024.

== Àwọn ìfihàn tí a yàn ==

* 2025: Ẹni tó gba ẹ̀bùn Ẹ̀bùn Zalando fún Olùran-ní-ìranwò-ọjọ́-iwájú 
* 2025: ART X Fair 
* ''2025: Àwọn Ìrísí Ẹ̀gbin: Ìfẹ́ àti Ìbàjẹ́ ní Àṣà'', Barbican, London  
* 2024: ''Àárọ̀.'' ''ISIGO'', Ètò Àṣírí Oní-nọ́ńbà, Ars Electronica, Linz  
* 2024: ''Àlá àti Ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ìdánrawò'', FNB Art Joburg, 16/16 Gallery, Johannesburg
* 2023: ''Biennale für Kunsthandwerk und Design'', Tel Aviv 
* 2023: ''Àwọn Ohun èlò Tuntun'', Àwòrán 1957, Accra
* Ọdún 2022: ''O kò le rí mi'', ọ̀sẹ̀ àṣà CCA ní Lagos 
* 2022: ''Èmi kìí ṣe èmi fúnra mi'', Tetley, Leeds 
* 2022: ''Ẹ̀mí nínú ohun ìní'', Àwòrán X ní Lagos
* 2022: ''Aṣa Afirika'', Ile ọnọ Itan Victoria ati Albert, Lọndọnu 
* 2019: ''Ṣeré gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ìṣẹ̀dá'', Bubu Ogisi àti Yadichinma Ukoha-Kalu, ART x, Lagos 
* Ọdun 2019: ''ṣiṣafihan'', Kunstgewerbemuseum, Berlin/ Summit Art Nigeria, 2019. 
* 2016: ''Àwọn ìlú àṣà ní Áfíríkà'', Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Brighton, Brighton &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Fashion Cities Africa: Africa Arts Festival|url=https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/listings/region/brighton-and-hove/fashion-cities-africa-africa-arts-festival/|archivedate=15 August 2025|access-date=14 November 2025|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àṣà (Tí a yàn) ==

* Ọ̀sẹ̀ Àṣà Copenhagen – Ìfihàn IAMISIGO SS26 
* Ọ̀sẹ̀ Àṣà Èkó – Ìgbà Ìrúwé 2026
* Àṣírí Victoria – Ilé VS20 ti Èkó / Ìpolongo
* Àkójọ ''&quot;Àwọn Ọlọ́run Igbó&quot;''
* Bonde la Vivuli / Valley of Shadows
* ÀWỌN ÀKÓJỌ ÀṢẸ × ÀWỌN ÀKÓJỌ (Cape Town)

== Àwọn Àkójọ ìwé ==

* Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Victoria &amp; Albert, London, UK
* Fondation d'Entreprise Martell, Cognac, France
* Ile-iṣẹ Barbican, Lọndọnu, UK

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1987]]</text>
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    <title>Ahmad Baba</title>
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      <comment>Mó fi ìtumọ̀  sí ise apá Sabhaja, onkọwe ọmọ ẹya Berber</comment>
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      <text bytes="14707" sha1="mg0b3vpx0vl6nzlpb1mt2x7fbnezigs" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Berber writer (1556–1627)}}{{redirect|Ahmad Baba|the Algerian musician|Ahmad Baba Rachid}}{{Infobox religious biography|name=Aḥmad Bābā|image=|religion=[[Islam]]|denomination=[[Sunni]]|creed=[[Ash'ari]]|jurisprudence=[[Maliki]]{{sfn|Hunwick|1964|pages=568–570}}|caption=Ahmed Es Seghir called &quot;Baba Ahmed&quot; by Etienne Dinet|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1556|10|26}}|birth_place=[[Araouane]], Mali|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|1627|4|22|1556|10|26}}|death_place=[[Timbuktu]], Mali|occupation=[[Teacher]], [[Islamic jurist|Jurist]], [[Scholar]], [[Arabic]] [[Philologist|Grammarian]]|spouse=|parents=|children=|notable_works=''Nayl al-ibtihāj bi-taṭrīz al-Dībāj'' ({{lang|ar|نيل الإبتهاج بتطريز الديباج}})|main_interests=[[Usul al-fiqh|Usul]], [[Mantiq]], [[Tafsir]], [[Fiqh]], [[Race (human categorization)|Race]], [[Slavery]]|influences=[[Muhammad al-Maghili]], [[Mohammed Bagayogo]]|module={{Infobox Arabic name
| embed=yes
| ism = Aḥmad Bābā&lt;br/&gt;{{lang|ar|أحمد بابا}}
| nasab =  ibn Aḥmad ibn al-Faqīh al-Ḥāj Aḥmad ibn ‘Umar ibn Muḥammad&lt;br/&gt;{{lang|ar|بن أحمد بن الفقيه الحاج أحمد بن عمر بن محمد }}
| kunya = Abu al-Abbas&lt;br/&gt;{{lang|ar|أبو العباس}}
| nisba = al-Takrūrī [[Timbuktu|al-Timbuktī]]&lt;br/&gt;{{lang|ar|التكروري التنبكتي}}
}}}} '''Aḥmad Bābā al-Timbuktī''' ({{Langx|ar|أحمد بابا التمبكتي}};{{efn|Full name: '''Abū al-Abbās Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad ibn Umar ibn Muhammad Aqit al-Takrūrī Al-Massufi al-Timbuktī'''}} 1556 &amp;#x2013; 1627 CE, 963 &amp;#x2013; 1036 H), Ó jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé, ọ̀mọ̀wé, àti ẹni tí ó máa ń ru ìṣèlú sókè láàárín àwọn ènìyàn Sanhaja Berber ní agbègbè tí a mọ̀ nígbà yẹn sí Western Sudan..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Cleaveland|first=Timothy|date=2015-01-01|title=Ahmad Baba al-Timbukti and his Islamic critique of racial slavery in the Maghrib|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2014.983825|journal=The Journal of North African Studies|volume=20|issue=1|pages=42–64|doi=10.1080/13629387.2014.983825|s2cid=143245136|issn=1362-9387|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé tó ní iṣẹ́ púpọ̀, ó sì kọ àwọn ìwé tó lé ní ogójì..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Timbuktu Hopes Ancient Texts Spark a Revival|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/07/world/africa/07mali.html?pagewanted=all|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 7, 2007|access-date=2007-07-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ==
A bí Aḥmad Bābā ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹwàá, ọdún 1556, ní Araouane, sínú ìdílé Aqit tí ó jẹ́ ti ẹ̀yà Sanhaja Berber..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Aḥmad Bābā|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam|publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]]|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/ahmad-baba-SIM_0401|last=Lévi-Provençal|first=Évariste|date=2012-04-24|author-link=Évariste Lévi-Provençal|edition=2nd}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Sfn|Lévi-Provençal|1922|p=251}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f7dx1jSp9HYC|title=Slavery and Muslim Society in Africa: The Institution in Saharan and Sudanic Africa, and the Trans-Saharan Trade|last1=Fisher|first1=Allan George Barnard|last2=Fisher|first2=Humphrey J.|publisher=C. Hurst|year=1970|isbn=9780900966248|pages=30|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Cleaveland|first=Timothy|title=Ahmad Baba al-Timbukti and his Islamic critique of racial slavery in the Maghrib|journal=The Journal of North African Studies|date=2015|volume=20|issue=1|pages=42–64|doi=10.1080/13629387.2014.983825|s2cid=143245136|issn=1362-9387}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó kó lọ sí Timbuktu nígbà tí ó ṣì kéré, níbi tí ó ti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lábẹ́ bàbá rẹ̀, Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥājj Aḥmad ibn ‘Umar ibn Muḥammad Aqīt,[1] àti ọ̀mọ̀wé Mohammed Bagayogo (tí a tún lè pè ní Baghayu'u); kò sí àkọsílẹ̀ kankan nípa àwọn ohun tí ó ṣe títí di ọdún 1594, nígbà tí wọ́n lé e kúrò ní ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ lọ sí Morocco lórí ẹ̀sùn pé ó ń ru àwọn ènìyàn sókè láti ṣọ̀tẹ̀ sí ìjọba, lẹ́yìn tí àwọn ọmọ ogun Morocco ti gbógun ti ìjọba Songhai. Ó dúró ní ìlú Fez títí di ìgbà tí Ahmad al-Mansur fi kú. Ẹni tí ó tẹ̀lé e lórí oyè, ìyẹn Zaydan An-Nasser, fún gbogbo àwọn tí wọ́n ti lé kúrò ní ilẹ̀ wọn ní àǹfààní láti padà sí orílẹ̀-èdè wọn..{{Sfn|Lévi-Provençal|1922|pp=251-253}} Aḥmad Bābā dé Timbuktu ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kẹrin, ọdún 1608..&lt;ref name=&quot;Hunwick&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|Hunwick|1964|p=569}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ogún ==
Pupọ ninu awọn iṣẹ ti a fi mọ ọ ni a kọ nigba ti o wa ni orilẹ-ede Morocco, pẹlu itan igbesi-aye Muhammad Abd al-Karim al-Maghili, ti o jẹ ọjọgbọn ati amoye ninu ofin ẹsin, ẹni ti o si ni ipa pataki ninu agbekalẹ pupọ ninu awọn ofin ẹsin ibile agbegbe naa. M.A. Cherbonneau tumọ akọsilẹ kan nipa itan igbesi-aye rẹ ni ọdun 1855.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{citation|last=Cherbonneau|first=M.A.|year=1855|title=Histoire de la littérature arabe au Soudan|journal=Journal Asiatique|volume=4|pages=391–407|url=https://archive.org/stream/journalasiatiqu120frangoog#page/n396/mode/1up|language=fr}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- p.405 scanned twice and p.407 missing --&gt; Ó sì di ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ìwé pàtàkì fún kíkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ìtàn òfin ní agbègbè Western Sudan.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|last=Batrān|first='Abd-Al-'Azīz 'Abd-Allah|year=1973|title=A contribution to the biography of Shaikh Muḥammad Ibn 'Abd-Al-Karīm Ibn Muḥammad ('Umar-A 'Mar) Al-Maghīlī, Al-Tilimsānī|journal=Journal of African History|volume=14|issue=3|pages=381–394|jstor=180537|doi=10.1017/s0021853700012780|s2cid=162619999}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn iṣẹ́ Ahmad Baba tó ṣì wà títí di òní yìí ló jẹ́ orísun tó dára jùlọ fún ṣíṣe ìwádìí nípa al-Maghili àti ìran tó tẹ̀lé e..&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|last1=Bivar|first1=A. D. H.|last2=Hiskett|first2=M.|year=1962|title=The Arabic Literature of Nigeria to 1804: A Provisional Account|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|volume=25|issue=1/3|pages=104–148|jstor=610779|doi=10.1017/s0041977x00056287|s2cid=153514572}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ahmad Baba ni a ka si Mujjadid (olutun-esin-sọji) ti ọrundun naa..

Ile-ikawe gbogbo-gbòo kan ṣoṣo ni Timbuktu, iyẹn ni Ahmed Baba Institute (ti o ni awọn iwe afọwọkọ ti o ju 18,000 lọ), ni a fun ni orukọ rẹ..&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Curtis Abraham, &quot;Stars of the Sahara,&quot; ''New Scientist'', 18 August 2007: 38&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Islamist rebels torch Timbuktu manuscript library: mayor|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mali-rebels-manuscripts-idUSBRE90R0BG20130128|newspaper=[[Reuters]]|date=January 28, 2013|access-date=January 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 1615, Ahmad bá àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé akẹ́kọ̀ọ́-ìsìn Mùsùlùmí mìíràn jíròrò nípa ọ̀rọ̀ ìgbèkùn, èyí sì jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn Mùsùlùmí lọ́wọ́ kí wọ́n má baà di ẹrú. A mọ̀ ọ́n fún fífi ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn èrò àkọ́kọ́ nípa ẹ̀yà hàn ní agbègbè Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn Áfíríkà.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}

== Ipo lori Ẹya ==
Ahmad Baba ṣe igbiyanju lati mu opin ba eto ẹrú ti o da lori iyatọ ẹya, o si tako iwa ti a fi n so awọn eniyan dudu ti ilẹ Afirika mọ ipo ẹrú; o si tako awọn Musulumi kan pato ti wọn gba ero nipa &quot;Ẹbi Hamu&quot; (Curse of Ham) ti a ri ninu iwe Genesisi gẹgẹbi otitọ..&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Cleveland|first1=Timothy|date=January 2015|title=Ahmad Baba al-Timbukti and his Islamic critique of racial slavery in the Maghrib|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273276573|journal=The Journal of North African Studies|volume=20|issue=1|pages=42–64|doi=10.1080/13629387.2014.983825|s2cid=143245136|access-date=16 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sibẹsibẹ, Ahmad Baba kii ṣe olufojusi imukuro iṣowo ẹrú lapapọ. Dipo bẹẹ, ninu kikọ iwe *Mi'raj al Su'ud ila nayl hukm mujallab al-Sud*, ohun ti o n wa lati ṣe ni lati ṣe atunṣe iṣowo ẹrú ti o n gba agbegbe Sahara kọja, pẹlu ero lati dena awọn Musulumi lati sọ awọn Musulumi miiran di ẹrú..&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí William Phillips ṣe sọ, al-Timbukti ṣe agbátẹrù ètò ìrúbọ-ẹrú tí ó dá lórí ẹ̀sìn dípò èyí tí ó dá lórí ẹ̀yà; nípa bẹ́ẹ̀, àwọn Mùsùlùmí, láìka ẹ̀yà tí wọ́n ti wá sí, kò lè di ẹrú..&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Ipo lori ọrọ ẹrú-ṣíṣe ==
[[Fáìlì:The_Ladder_of_Ascent_in_Obtaining_the_Procurements_of_the_Sudan-_Ahmad_Baba_Answers_a_Moroccan’s_Questions_about_Slavery_WDL9661.pdf|thumb|''The ladder of ascent in obtaining the procurements of the Sudan: Ahmad Baba answers a Moroccan’s questions about slavery'', manuscript at the Mamma Haidara Memorial Library]]
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2019}}Ní ti ọ̀rọ̀ sísọ àwọn ará Áfíríkà di ẹrú ní ọdún 1615, Ahmad Bābā ṣe àlàyé àwọn ìdí tó bófin mu tí ó lè fa kí ènìyàn di ẹrú. Àwọn kókó pàtàkì tí ó fa èyí jẹ́ ti ẹ̀sìn àti ti ẹ̀yà; wọ́n sọ pé bí ènìyàn bá ti orílẹ̀-èdè tí ó ní ìjọba àwọn Mùsùlùmí wá, tàbí tí ó jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹ̀yà Mùsùlùmí kan pàtó, irú ẹni bẹ́ẹ̀ kò lè di ẹrú. Ó tẹnu mọ́ ọn pé bí ẹni náà bá jẹ́ aláìgbàgbọ́ tàbí &quot;kafara,&quot; ìyẹn nìkan ni ìdí tí wọ́n fi lè sọ ọ́ di ẹrú, pẹ̀lú pé ó jẹ́ &quot;ìfẹ́ Ọlọ́run.&quot;

Nínú àpilẹ̀kọ rẹ̀ tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Ahmad Bābā àti Àwọn Ìlànà Ìwà nípa Ọ̀rọ̀ Ẹrú-ṣíṣe&quot; (Ahmad Bābā and the Ethics of Slavery), ó sọ pé àwọn ìgbàgbọ́ rẹ̀ ló mú kí èrò náà wáyé pé àwọn tí wọ́n jẹ́ Mùsùlùmí kò ní láti wà ní ipò ẹrú mọ́, ṣùgbọ́n àwọn tí kì í ṣe Mùsùlùmí (tàbí àwọn tí kò gba ẹ̀sìn náà gbọ́) lè di ẹrú lọ́wọ́ àwọn Mùsùlùmí. Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí kì í ṣe èrò lásán, bí kò ṣe àwọn òfin tí Ọlọ́run Olùgíga Jùlọ—Ẹni tí ó ní ìmọ̀ tó péye jùlọ—ti gbé kalẹ̀. Kódà, bí àwọn ènìyàn orílẹ̀-èdè kan bá jẹ́ onígbàgbọ́ ṣùgbọ́n tí ìgbàgbọ́ wọn kò jinlẹ̀, a lè sọ wọ́n di ẹrú láìsí ìbéèrè kankan. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ahmad Bābā ṣe sọ, ó jẹ́ ohun tí a mọ̀ pé àwọn ènìyàn ilẹ̀ Kumbe kò ní ìgbàgbọ́ tó jinlẹ̀. Ó tún lo àpèjúwe kan pé nígbà tí a bá ṣẹ́gun orílẹ̀-èdè kan tí ó sì ní àwọn ènìyàn tí kì í ṣe onígbàgbọ́ nínú rẹ̀, a lè sọ àwọn ènìyàn yẹn di ẹrú; èyí sì jẹ́ apá kan nínú èrò rẹ̀ nípa ẹnikẹ́ni tí kì í ṣe Mùsùlùmí tàbí ẹni tí ó wá láti ẹ̀sìn mìíràn yàtọ̀ sí ti Islam..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ọ̀nà ìrònú yìí yàtọ̀ sí èyí tí a rí nínú iṣẹ́ William D. Phillips Jr., ẹni tí ó kọ ìwé *The Middle Ages Series: Slavery in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia*. Nínú iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ohun pàtàkì tí ó fi ń ya ẹrú sọ́tọ̀ kúrò lára ​​ènìyàn lásán ni ìyàtọ̀ nínú ẹ̀sìn wọn. Èyí bá èrò Ahmad Bābā mu nípa ọ̀rọ̀ ìsọni-di-ẹrú, èyí tí ó kan gbogbo ènìyàn yàtọ̀ sí àwọn tí wọ́n ń ṣe ẹ̀sìn Islam. Ní pàtó, Phillips sọ̀rọ̀ nípa bí àwọn Kristiani ṣe máa ń sọ àwọn Musulumi di ẹrú, àti bí àwọn Musulumi náà ṣe máa ń sọ àwọn Kristiani di ẹrú. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìfẹ́-ọkàn Ahmad Bābā ni láti fòpin sí ọ̀rọ̀ sísọ àwọn Musulumi di ẹrú pátápátá, kí wọ́n sì dípò bẹ́ẹ̀ sọ àwọn ẹgbẹ́ oní-ẹ̀sìn mìíràn di ẹrú, níwọ̀n bí a ti kà wọ́n sí àwọn tí kò gba ẹ̀sìn Islam gbọ́..&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

Èrò mìíràn tí ó lòdì sí èyí—èyí tí a jíròrò nínú àpilẹ̀kọ *Slavery in Africa* (Ìrúbọ-ẹrú ní Áfíríkà) láti ọwọ́ Suzanne Meirs àti Ig&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;or Kopytoff—ni pé ìṣe-ẹrú dá lórí àwọn ènìyàn tí a fi agbára lé kúrò ní ilẹ̀ ìbílẹ̀ wọn lọ sí agbègbè tí ó yàtọ̀ pátápátá; èyí sì bá èrò Ahmad mu. Meirs àti Kopytoff jíròrò nípa bí ènìyàn ṣe lè di ọmọ-ìlú ní àwùjọ kan nípasẹ̀ gbígba òmìnira nípa iṣẹ́-àṣekára, gbígba òmìnira láti ọwọ́ ẹni tí ó ni wọ́n, tàbí kí wọ́n bí wọn sínú òmìnira. Ṣùgbọ́n ní ti ojú-ìwòye Ahmad Bābā, bí ẹni kan bá yípadà sí ẹ̀sìn Islam—tí ó sì ti jẹ́ &quot;aláìgbàgbọ́&quot; tẹ́lẹ̀ kí wọ́n tó sọ ọ́ di ẹrú—ẹni náà yóò ṣì máa jẹ́ ẹrú. Wọ́n máa ń pe ẹnikẹ́ni tí ó jẹ́ Kristẹni, Júù, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ní aláìgbàgbọ́; síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, Ahmad Bābā sọ pé kò sí ìyàtọ̀ kankan láàrin àwọn aláìgbàgbọ́, láìka àwọn ìgbàgbọ́ ẹ̀sìn wọn sí èyí tí ó yàtọ̀ síra—bíi ti àwọn Kristẹni, àwọn ará Persia, àwọn Júù, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

== See also ==

* [[Ahmad Baba (crater)]] - Crater on [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]] named after him
* {{anli|African philosophy}}

== Notes ==
&lt;references group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot; responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;

== Àwón ítókasi ==
{{reflist|2}}

== Sources ==

* {{citation|last=Hunwick|first=J.O.|year=1964|title=A New Source for the Biography of Ahmad Baba al-Tinbukti (1556-1627)|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|volume=27|issue=3|pages=568–593|jstor=611391|doi=10.1017/s0041977x00118385|s2cid=162780325}}
* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/leshistoriensdes00lvip|title=Les historiens des Chorfa; essai sur la littérature historique et biographique au Maroc du XVIe au XXe siècle|last=Lévi-Provençal|first=Evariste|publisher=Paris E. Larose|year=1922|author-link=Évariste Lévi-Provençal}}
* Hunqick J. and Harrak F. (2000). &quot;''Mi'raj al-su'ud: Ahmad Baba's Replies on Slavery&quot;''. pp 30-33.
* Meirs S. and Kopytoff I. (1993). &quot;''Slavery in Africa&quot;''. pp 264 –276.
* Phillips W.D. (2013). ''&quot;The Middle Ages Series: Slavery in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia''&quot;. pp 1–27.
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      <text bytes="9689" sha1="52ljyhvgfbtpkof4txb3qvl2b3odhkn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox festival|location=Lagos|country=Nigeria|established=2011|founders=Ugoma Adegoke}}

 
'''Àwọn ìmọ́lẹ̀, Kámẹ́rà, Áfíríkà!''' jẹ́ ayẹyẹ fíìmù tí a ń ṣe lọ́dọọdún ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà. Àtúnse àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ láti ọjọ́ ọgbọ̀n oṣù kẹsàn-án sí ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2011 ni wọ́n ṣe ayẹyẹ rẹ̀.

Ugoma Adegoke ló dá àjọyọ̀ yìí sílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Alithnayn|last=Abdulkareem|url=https://ynaija.com/ynaija-presents-the-100-most-influential-nigerians-in-film-in-2019/|title=YNaija presents: The 100 most influential Nigerians in Film in 2019|website=[[YNaija]]|access-date=1 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ &quot;The Life House&quot; ló gbàlejò rẹ̀, àti pé àjọ &quot;African Film Festival, Inc.&quot; ti New York ló ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ ti &quot;Lights, Camera, Africa!&quot;; ó sì wáyé fún ọjọ́ mẹ́ta, láti ọjọ́ 30 oṣù Kẹsàn-án sí ọjọ́ 2 oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2011. 

== Àwọn àtẹ̀jáde ọdọọdún ==
{| {{Table}}
!Edition
!Dates
!Venue
!Theme
!Films shown
|-
!1st
|30 September – 2 October 2011&lt;ref name=&quot;Aiki&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Aiki|first=Damilare|date=2011-09-30|title=Experience African Cinema at the “Lights, Camera, Africa!” Film Festival – 30th September to 2nd October 2011|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2011/09/experience-cinematography-as-never-before-at-lights-camera-africa-film-festival-30th-september-to-2nd-october-2011/|access-date=2021-08-16|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|The Life House
|
|''A History of Independence''; ''AVA''; ''Burning in the Sun''; ''Clouds Over Conakry''; ''[[Cuba: An African Odyssey]]''; Epilogue''; ''One Small Step''; ''One Way Touareg''; [[Pumzi]]''; ''[[Sex, Okra and Salted Butter]]''; ''[[Soul Boy]]''; ''The Lunatic''; ''[[White Wedding (2009 film)|White Wedding]]; Ousmane''
|-
!2nd
|28 September – 1 October 2012&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africiné - Lights, Camera, AFRICA!!! (LCA) 2012 Film Festival|url=http://www.africine.org/evenement/lights-camera-africa-lca-2012-film-festival/28388|access-date=2021-08-16|website=Africiné|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|British Council, Southern Sun Hotel and Freedom Park
|Shine Your Eye
|''Big Man''; ''[[Call Me Kuchu]]''; ''Dr. Cruel''; ''Driving With Fanon''; ''[[Man on Ground]]''; ''Stadium Hotel''; ''Yoolé; Where Do I Stand; Saworoide; Our Beloved Sudan; NAIJ, A History of Nigeria''
|-
!3rd
|28 September – 1 October 2013&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2013-09-03|title=Lights, Camera, Africa!!!!|url=https://wanawana.net/2013/09/03/lights-camera-africa/|access-date=2021-08-16|website=WanaWana|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Wheatbaker, British Council, Southern Sun Hotel, and [[Freedom Park (Lagos)|Freedom Park]]
|Great Migrations
|''Alaskaland''; ''[[Black Africa White Marble]]''; ''[[Confusion Na Wa]]''; ''Congolese Dreams''; ''Creation in Exile: Five filmmakers in conversation''; ''Fela! in Lagos''; ''[[Fincho]]''; ''Footprints of my Other''; ''[[Fuelling Poverty]]''; ''[[Koukan Kourcia]]'' / ''The Cry of the Turtledoves''; ''[[La Pirogue]]''; ''The Marriage Factor''; ''[[Microphone (film)|Microphone]]''; ''Mugabe: Villain or Hero?''; ''[[Olu Amoda]]: A Metallic Journey''; ''[[An Oversimplification of Her Beauty]]''; ''The Pilot and the Passenger''; ''Pokou Ashanti Princess''; ''RasTa! A Soul's Journey''; ''Rolling Dollar: a Legend Unplugged''; ''[[The Stuart Hall Project]]''
|-
!4th
|26 September – 1 October 2014&lt;ref&gt;[https://allafrica.com/stories/201409290680.html Africa: Big Brother Africa Reveals Hotshots], AllAfrica.com, 28 September 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2014-09-07|title=Lights. Camera. Africa! Lagos set for Life House film festival|url=https://www.thecable.ng/lights-camera-africa-lagos-set-for-life-house-film-festival|access-date=2021-08-16|newspaper=[[TheCable]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Federal Palace Hotel]]
|Legacy
|Over 30 movies from 14 countries, including: ''Oya, the Rise of the Orisha''; ''The Supreme Prize; Beleh; Boneshaker; Ududeagu; Legends of Madagascar; Kwaku Ananse; Onunaekwuluora: The Legacy of Professor Thurstan Shaw; B for Boy; Sexy Money; Aya of Yop City; Coz Ov Moni 2; [[October 1 (film)|October 1.]]''
|-
!5th
|30 September – 4 October 2015&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/african-theatre-lights-camera-africa-film-festival-kicks-off-this-september/0fyylwc Lights, Camera Africa!!! film festival kicks off this September], pulse.ng, 7 September 2915.&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Federal Palace Hotel]]
|Future Forward
|''The Art of Ama Aida Aidoo''; ''[[Beasts of the Southern Wild]]''; ''[[Black Africa White Marble]]''; ''Beat Girls''; ''The Curse of Medea''; ''[[Eighteam]]''; ''Faaji Agba''; ''[[Finding Fela]]''; ''Gone Too Far''; ''Horn Free Day''; ''Head Gone''; ''Henna''; ''The Legacy of Rubies''; ''Mr Adams''; ''Nollywood''; ''Olu Amoda: A Metallic Journey''; ''Once''; ''Prey''; ''[[Saworoide]]''; ''[[Sex, Okra and Salted Butter]]''; ''The Sim''; ''Sobukwe: A Great Soul''; ''Soko Sanko'' / ''The Market King''; ''[[Timbuktu (2014 film)|Timbuktu]]''; ''[[White Wedding (2009 film)|White Wedding]]''
|-
!6th
|30 September – 2 October 2016&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lights-camera-africa-23-films-selected-for-6th-edition-of-film-festival/201nbwy 23 films selected for 6th edition of film festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125011510/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lights-camera-africa-23-films-selected-for-6th-edition-of-film-festival/201nbwy|date=25 January 2022}}, pulse.ng, 23 September 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-10-07|title=Lights Camera Africa Film Festival|url=https://guardian.ng/life/events/lights-camera-africa-film-festival/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-08-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Federal Palace Hotel]]
|Music Makes the People
|''Akounak Tedalat Taha Tazoughi''; ''Anton''; ''Biodun Olaku: Nigerian Painter''; ''Cholo''; ''Destino''; ''Gidi Blues''; ''House Of Nwapa''; ''I Shot Bi Kidude''; ''In the Eye of the Spiral''; ''Intore'' / ''The Chosen''; ''Lagos: The Birth Of A City Of Style''; ''Miniyamba'' / ''Walking Blues''; ''No Good Turn''; ''[[New York, I Love You|New York I Love You]]''; ''Olive''; ''[https://africanfilmny.org/films/too-black-to-be-french/ Too Black to be French]?''; ''Towards Tenderness''; ''The Amazing Nina Simone''; ''The Other Side of the Atlantic''; ''The Return''; ''The Sense of Touch''; ''Tunde''
|-
!7th
|29 September – 1 October 2017&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2017-10-09|title=Lights Camera Africa!!! Film Festival In Pictures|url=https://guardian.ng/life/events/lights-camera-africa-film-festival-in-pictures/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-08-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Federal Palace Hotel]]
|Reset
|''80''; ''Afia Attack''; ''The Aftermath of the Inauguration of the Public Toilet at Kilometer 375''; ''Akatakpo!!! The Legend of Tony Odili''; ''Bad Market''; ''[[Bariga Sugar]]''; ''Borders''; ''[[A Hotel Called Memory]]''; ''I Heard it Through The Grapevine''; ''[[Kalushi]]''; ''Kanye Kanye''; ''Madama Esther''; ''Omode Meta Nsere''; ''An Opera of the World''; ''A Place for Myself''; ''Shadeism: Digging Deeper''; ''[[Vaya (film)|Vaya]]''
|-
!8th
|28–30 September 2018&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.konbini.com/ng/cinema/5-films-from-lights-camera-africa 5 Films We Are Excited To See At This Year's Lights, Camera, Africa Film Festival]{{Dead link|date=November 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot}}, ''Konbini'', 28 September 2018&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-09-25|title=Lights, Camera AFRICA!!! Presents 'Who Do You Think You Are'|url=https://guardian.ng/life/lights-camera-africa-presents-who-do-you-think-you-are/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-08-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-10-04|title=A Harvest of Firsts at LCA Film Festival|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/10/05/a-harvest-of-firsts-at-lca-film-festival/|access-date=2021-08-16|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Muson Centre]]
|Who Do You Think You Are?
|''Agwaetiti Obiuto''; ''Asmat''; ''Baby Mamas''; ''Cafe of Dreams''; ''[[The Delivery Boy]]''; ''Granma''; ''Hidden Treasures''; ''Ignorance of Blood''; ''Iko Ndu''; ''Kasala!''; ''Lagos: The birth of a city of style 1861-1967''; ''Negritude: A Dialogue Between Wole Soyinka and Senghor''; ''The Lost Cafe''; ''Lucky''; ''Our Africa''; ''Sidi Ilujinie''; ''Town Crier''; ''U ME I''; ''Zerzura''
|-
!9th
|27–29 September 2019&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=read|first=News 1 min|date=2019-09-20|title=Lights, Camera, AFRICA!!! Film Festival returns with &quot;Tales By Moonlight&quot;|url=https://thelagosreview.ng/lights-camera-africa-film-festival-returns-with-tales-by-moonlight/|access-date=2021-08-16|website=The Lagos Review|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-09-22|title=6 reasons not to miss Lights Camera Africa!!! film festival 2019|url=https://thisislagos.ng/6-reasons-not-to-miss-lights-camera-africa-film-festival-2019/|access-date=2021-08-16|website=This Is Lagos|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Muson Centre]]
|Tales By Moonlight
|''About Love''; ''Call Me By My Name''; ''Company Yaya''; ''[[Daughters of Chibok]]'';  ''A Gender''; ''[[A Kalabanda Ate My Homework]]''; ''Land of Gods''; ''[[My Friend Fela]]''; ''Ogbu-Oja Eze''; ''Orange City''; ''[[Ordinary Fellows]]''; ''The Lost Okoroshi''; ''Wall Flower''; ''Wrong Con; Awon Boyz; Damas Nwoko;''
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ọmọ-ogun (oníṣẹ́ ọnà)</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>636151</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T09:27:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332787123|Soldier (artist)]]&quot;</comment>
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[[Fáìlì:Soldier_x_Salomon.jpg|thumb]]
'''Leonard Iheagwam''', tí a mọ̀ sí '''Soldier''', Ó jẹ́ òṣèré nínú iṣẹ́ ọnà ojú-iran (visual artist), oníṣẹ́-àpẹẹrẹ, àti ẹni tí ó máa ń gun pátákó-ìṣeré (skateboarder); ó wá láti Nàìjíríà ṣùgbọ́n ó ń gbé ní London. Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ sábà máa ń dá lórí àwọn kókó-ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ṣíṣí lọ sí ilẹ̀ òkèèrè, ìrántí nípa ilẹ̀-ìbílẹ̀ fún àwọn tí ó wà ní ìlú òkèèrè, ọ̀rọ̀ nípa ẹ̀mí, àti ìdánimọ̀ àṣà. Soldier, ẹni tí ó kọ́ iṣẹ́ ọnà yìí fúnra rẹ̀, tún jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ Motherlan, èyí tí í ṣe ẹgbẹ́ kan ní Lagos tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ lórí iṣẹ́-ọnà skateboard àti aṣọ ìgbàlódé (streetwear).   

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí ọmọ ogun ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà, nínú ìdílé ìsìn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ oníwàásù. Nítorí àṣà ìta gbangba àti ìfarahàn ẹ̀dá láti ìgbà èwe rẹ̀, ó fi ilé sílẹ̀ ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún láti lọ ṣe iṣẹ́ ọnà àti lílọ sí orí skateboard ní gbogbo ìgbà, nígbà míìrán ó máa ń ní ìṣòro àìnílé nígbà tí ó wà ní ọ̀dọ́langba.   Nípasẹ̀ WAFFLESNCREAM, ilé ìtajà skate àkọ́kọ́ ní Nàìjíríà, ó pàdé Slawn àti Onyedi. Ní ọdún 2016, wọ́n jọ dá Motherlan sílẹ̀, ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ tí wọ́n ń darí eré skateboarding, fashion, àti experimentation art. Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n fi Motherlan hàn lórí ìwé ''iD'', wọ́n sì ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá kan nínú ìdàgbàsókè àṣà skateboard ti Nàìjíríà. 

== Iṣẹ́ ọnà ==
Lẹ́yìn tí ó kó lọ sí London láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa àwòrán àti ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ ní Yunifásítì Westminster pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ láti ọ̀dọ̀ Skepta,    Ọmọ ogun náà dá àṣà iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ nígbà tí ó ṣì ń kópa nínú skate àti aṣọ. Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gba àwòrán, àwòrán, ère àti àwòrán pop pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nígbà gbogbo títí bí ìbòmọ́lẹ̀ àti ìwé ìrìnnà ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà.  

''Ìwé ìrìnnà'' rẹ̀ tún ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ìwé ìrìnnà ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà láti béèrè ìbéèrè nípa ìṣèlú ààlà àti ìrìnnà kárí ayé. Ọmọ ogun sọ pé &quot;Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èrò ìwé ìrìnnà àti ààlà ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní ìlànà, lílo ohun èlò tó wúlò nìkan ló ń ṣe àǹfààní fún àwọn díẹ̀. A gbọ́dọ̀ ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ènìyàn ló ti kú ní ọwọ́ àwọn ìwé ìrìnnà wọn. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìdílé ló ti jìyà.&quot; Pẹ̀lú Ìwé Ìrìnàjò Ìwé Ìrìnàjò, Soldier ṣe àfihàn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀tọ́ ìṣíwájú, èyí tí ó kọjá ìṣèlú, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán náà ti sọ. &quot;Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé o lè má lè sọ̀rọ̀ nípa rẹ̀, ó kéré tán o lè sọ pé o mọ̀.&quot; 

Ifihan akọkọ rẹ,''Nígbà tí àwọn ẹni mímọ́ bá ń rìn lọ'', ṣii ni Ilu Lọndọnu ni Oṣu Kẹrin ọdun 2024 gẹgẹbi apakan ti jara Incubator. “Ìfihàn náà ṣàyẹ̀wò Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà, ó sì rántí ìjà tó wáyé ní ìparí ọdún 1960 pẹ̀lú Orílẹ̀-èdè Biafra láàrín àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù agbègbè àti àwọn ẹbí rẹ̀ tí wọ́n ní ìrírí ogun náà fúnra wọn.”  Ifihan adashe keji rẹ, ''Black Star'', ṣii ni Kearsey &amp; Gold ni ọdun 2025. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpilẹ̀kọ kan ní ''032c'' ti sọ, “Ìfihàn náà fojú inú wo ọjọ́ iwájú olóró níbi tí aráyé yóò ti yè nípasẹ̀ àwọn ẹranko exoskeleton tí a fi ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ ṣe—síbẹ̀ àwọn ohun èlò náà ṣì dúró ṣinṣin nínú gbòǹgbò rẹ̀ ní Áfíríkà”. 

Ó ti ṣe àfihàn ní àwọn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ bíi Saatchi Gallery, Saatchi Yates, àti awọn ètò ìtọ́jú àti ìdàgbàsókè (Incubator series). Ó tún ṣe àwọn skateboard fún Hamilton's Mission 44 foundation.   

== Ifowosowopo ati ipa asa ==
Ọmọ ogun ti ṣe ajọṣepọ pẹlu Louis Vuitton labẹ Pharrell Williams, Marni, Salomon, Awake NY, Timberland, ati True Religion.   &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=SOLDIER Reworks Timberland's 6-Inch Zipper Boot}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2021, ó ti fara hàn nínú àwọn ìpolongo kárí ayé ti Supreme. 

Iṣẹ́ àti ipa àṣà rẹ̀ ni a ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ ní àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bíi ''032c'', ''Evening Standard'', ''Highsnobiety'', ''The Big Issue'', ''iD'', àti ''Wonderland'' .   

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
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    <title>Victoria-Idongesit Udondian</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83887</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636152</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T09:32:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372665205|Victoria-Idongesit Udondian]]&quot;</comment>
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 {{Infobox artist|birth_date={{birth year and age|1982}}|birth_place=[[Akwa Ibom State]], Nigeria|education={{ublist|
* [[University of Uyo]] (BA)
* [[Columbia University]] (MFA)
* [[Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture]]
}}|awards={{ublist|
* [[MacDowell Fellowship]] (2019)
* [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] (2020)
}}}}

'''Victoria-Idongesit Udondian''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọdún 1982), tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí '''Victoria Udondian''', jẹ́ olórin ará Nàìjíríà. Ní amọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n nínú iṣẹ́ aṣọ, àwọn ohun èlò ìfipamọ́, àti iṣẹ́ ọnà ìṣeré, iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ sábà máa ń ní àwọn àkọlé ìtàn àwọn aláwọ̀ dúdú, iṣẹ́, àti ìṣòwò aṣọ àlòkù kárí ayé . Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ MacDowell ti ọdún 2019 àti ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Guggenheim ti ọdún 2020.

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
A bí Victoria-Idongesit Udondian ní ọdún 1982 ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Akwa Ibom . &lt;ref name=&quot;ko-artspace&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=13 March 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn tí ó ti kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí apẹ̀rẹ aṣọ àti apẹ̀rẹ aṣọ, &lt;ref name=&quot;Dozier 2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Victoria-Idongesit Udondian Weaves the Stories of Immigrant Labor into Tapestry Sculptures|url=https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-victoria-idongesit-udondian-weaves-histories-immigrant-labor-tapestry-sculptures|access-date=2026-02-26|archivedate=28 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó gba oyè BA nínú Painting láti Yunifásítì Uyo ní ọdún 2004. &lt;ref name=&quot;ko-artspace&quot; /&gt; Udondian rántí pé nígbà tí òun wà ní Uyo, òun ti ní láti wọ ọkọ̀ akérò alẹ́ kan “tó tó nǹkan bí máìlì 450 sí Èkó” láti rí àwọ̀ epo tó tó fún ẹ̀kọ́ yunifásítì rẹ̀.  Ó tọ́ka sí El Anatsui, oníṣẹ́ ọnà ará Ghana gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tó ní ipa lórí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;Udondian 2022&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2010, Udondian rìnrìn àjò káàkiri Áfíríkà láti lo àǹfààní ìbáṣepọ̀ àṣà àti ọrọ̀ ajé ilẹ̀ náà pẹ̀lú ìṣòwò aṣọ àlòkù kárí ayé . &lt;ref name=&quot;africanah.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=April 20, 2015|title=Venice Biennial: Victoria Udondian, Nigeria|url=https://africanah.org/venice-biennial-victoria-udondian-nigeria/|archivedate=19 July 2025|access-date=2026-02-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iṣẹ́ aṣọ rẹ̀ ''Aso Ikele (1948)'' jẹ́ ara ìfihàn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà Manchester ti ọdún 2012 ''A Ń Wo Iwájú: Iṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà láti Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn Áfíríkà ní Àkókò Yìí ;'' ''AfricanaH'' sọ pé ó “mú àkójọ aṣọ Whitworth gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ rẹ̀”, &lt;ref name=&quot;africanah.org&quot; /&gt; nígbà tí Bob Dickinson ti ''Art Monthly'' sọ pé ó fa láti inú ọ̀nà tí “ìṣòwò ṣe tẹnumọ́ ìtàn àjọṣepọ̀ Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà pẹ̀lú Manchester láti ìgbà ìṣòwò ẹrú sí ìyípadà ilé iṣẹ́”, àti Pan-African Congress ti ọdún 1945.  Ó farahàn ní ayẹyẹ Biennale Venice 56th ní ọdún 2015. &lt;ref name=&quot;africanah.org&quot; /&gt; Ní ọdún 2016, ó gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí MFA nínú Sculpture àti New Genres láti Yunifásítì Columbia &lt;ref name=&quot;ko-artspace&quot; /&gt; ó sì lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Skowhegan fún Iṣẹ́-ọ̀nà Kikun àti Gbígbẹ́ Ère .  Ní ọdún 2017, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ''Orílẹ̀-èdè Agbègbè tí A Kò Mọ̀'' nígbà tí ó di ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà tí a ti sọ di ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè. &lt;ref name=&quot;Fisher 2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=16 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Udondian jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ MacDowell ní ọdún 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=29 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2020, wọ́n fún un ní ẹ̀bùn Guggenheim Fellowship in Fine Arts.  Ní ọdún 2022, ó ṣe ìfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ìlú New York City ní Smack Mellon, ''Bawo ni MO ṣe le jẹ ẹni ti ko ṣe pataki?'', ilé iṣẹ́ kan tí ó lo aṣọ aláwọ̀ dúdú “nípa fífi hàn pé àwọn ènìyàn dúdú àti aláwọ̀ dúdú ti ṣòfò nítorí àwọn ipò tó dára jù.” &lt;ref name=&quot;Fisher 2022&quot; /&gt; Ó pàdé ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn agbègbè àjèjì ní Brooklyn gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá kan nínú ìwádìí rẹ̀ fún Bawo ni MO ṣe le jẹ ẹni ti ko ṣe pataki? . &lt;ref name=&quot;Dozier 2022&quot; /&gt; Ní ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ pẹ̀lú oníjó Raven McRae àti olùkórin orin Danion Lewis, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe eré ''Nsi nam mi ke ndi'' ní ọdún kan náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;Dozier 2022&quot; /&gt;

Iṣẹ́ Udondian fara hàn ní British Textile Biennial ti ọdún 2023. &lt;ref name=&quot;Akubuiro 2025&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=July 10, 2025|title=In Accra, Udondian’s Okrika Reclaimed confronts|url=https://thesun.ng/in-accra-udondians-okrika-reclaimed-confronts-global-textile-waste/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2026-02-26|archivedate=13 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gba ẹ̀bùn 2024 Anonymous Was a Woman Environmental Art Grant fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ''Okrika Reclaimed'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=23 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ pẹ̀lú Àjọ fún Iṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà ti Àkókò yìí, ''Okrika Reclaimed'' farahàn ní Kantamanto ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù keje ọdún 2025. &lt;ref name=&quot;Akubuiro 2025&quot; /&gt; Udondian sọ pé díẹ̀ lára àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, títí kan ''Okrika Reclaimed'', ni a ṣe láti béèrè ìbéèrè nípa àṣà aṣọ àlòkù nípa ṣíṣe àtúnṣe ìṣòro tó ń pọ̀ sí i ní Áfíríkà pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí aṣọ . &lt;ref name=&quot;Akubuiro 2025&quot; /&gt; Ó máa farahàn ní ayẹyẹ Biennale Venice 61st . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=February 25, 2026|title=Venice Biennale Names Participating Artists for 2026 Edition|url=https://www.artforum.com/news/venice-biennale-names-artists-for-2026-edition-1234744340/|access-date=2026-02-26|archivedate=25 February 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ayanna Dozier sọ pé àwọn kókó iṣẹ́ ọnà Udondian sábà máa ń ní àwọn iṣẹ́ tí a kò rí àti iṣẹ́ obìnrin tí ó jẹ́ ti àṣejù, títí kan iṣẹ́ ilé, iṣẹ́ ìsìn, àti iṣẹ́ aṣọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Dozier 2022&quot; /&gt; Ni afikun, Udondian fojusi lori ibatan laarin aṣọ ati idanimọ gẹgẹbi koko-ọrọ kan. 

Ní ọdún 2022, Udondian wà ní ìlú Èkó àti Brooklyn. &lt;ref name=&quot;Dozier 2022&quot; /&gt; Ó tún jẹ́ olùkọ́ni aṣojú ní Ile-iṣẹ fun Awọn Iṣẹ-ọnà, Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Buffalo, ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí ìgbà díẹ̀ fún àwọn ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ní ìgbà ìwọ́-oòrùn ọdún 2025. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;africanah.org&quot; /&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Akubuiro 2025&quot; /&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Dozier 2022&quot; /&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Fisher 2022&quot; /&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;ko-artspace&quot; /&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Udondian 2022&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1982]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>hddyut7fukmgsazs2fxj66h0y6e1ks5</sha1>
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    <title>Ayẹyẹ Fíìmù Ìrìnàjò Nollywood</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364616456|Nollywood Travel Film Festival]]&quot;</comment>
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Àjọyọ̀ Fídíò '''Nollywood Travel Film Festival''' (NTFF) jẹ́ àjọyọ̀ fídíò ọlọ́dọọdún tí a dá sílẹ̀ láti gbé àwọn fíìmù Nàìjíríà ga ní ààrin àwọn olùwò ní àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2017-01-14|title=Nollywood Travel Festival makes debut with Toronto Showcase|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/nollywood-travel-festival-makes-debut-toronto-showcase/|access-date=2025-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìtàn ==
Ayẹyẹ Fíìmù Nollywood Travel Festival ni Mykel Parish dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2017, &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2023-02-25|title=Again, Nollywood Travel Film Festival goes to Greece|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/again-nollywood-travel-film-festival-goes-to-greece/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-10-08|title=After Ireland, Mykel Parish Takes Nollywood Travel Festival To Amsterdam, Berlin|url=https://guardian.ng/life/after-ireland-mykel-parish-takes-nollywood-travel-festival-to-amsterdam-berlin/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe ayẹyẹ náà láti gbé sinimá, orin, àti ìrìn àjò ní Nàìjíríà lárugẹ fún àwọn ènìyàn kárí ayé. Àtẹ̀jáde àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ wáyé ní Toronto, Kánádà, láti ọjọ́ karùn-ún sí ọjọ́ keje oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-08-15|title=New York, Toronto, to host 2018 Nollywood Travel Film Festival|url=https://newsdiaryonline.com/new-york-toronto-host-2018-nollywood-travel-film-festival/|location=Abuja, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ṣe àtúnse ọdún 2018 ní Atlanta, Georgia, níbi tí àwọn olùṣe fíìmù àti àwọn òṣèré ti péjọpọ̀ fún àfihàn fíìmù.  Ayẹyẹ naa tun waye ni awọn ilu bii [[Atlanta]], [[Hamburg]], [[Berlin]], [[Glasgow]],  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-09-25|title=Nollywood Travel Film Festival to spotlight female directors at Glasgow edition|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/nollywood-travel-film-festival-to-spotlight-female-directors-at-glasgow-edition/#|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Helsinki]], [[Parisi|Paris]], [[Oslo]], [[Amsterdam]], [[Lima]], [[Itálíà|Italy]], ati [[Áténì|Athens]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2024-04-15|title=Nollywood travel film festival to storm Italy|url=https://thesun.ng/nollywood-travel-film-festival-to-storm-italy/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-11-01|title=Nollywood Travel Film Festival, Glasgow - Glasgow West End|url=https://www.glasgowwestend.co.uk/nollywood-travel-film-festival-glasgow/|archivedate=2025-02-07|access-date=2025-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2024-12-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Àtúnse ọdún 2022 wáyé ní [[Áténì|Athens]] láti ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún sí ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù karùn-ún, ó sì dá lórí àkòrí náà &quot;Ní ìrírí Nollywood.&quot; Pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ láti ọ̀dọ̀ iṣẹ́ aṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní Greece àti onírúurú àjọ, títí bí Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Olùgbéjáde fíìmù, Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Olùdarí ti Nàìjíríà, àti Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ti Nàìjíríà . 

=== Àwọn fíìmù àkọ́kọ́ tó gbajúmọ̀ ===
Àwọn fíìmù tí a gbé jáde tàbí tí a gbé jáde ní Nollywood Travel Film Festival (NTFF) ní ''Kada River'',  ''Alter Ego'', ''Dear Affy'', ''Isoken'', ''Àwọn Obìnrin'', ''A kò gbé ibi yìí mọ́'', ''Collision Course'', ''Citation (film)'', ''Eagle Wings, 10 Days in Sun City ,'' ''Catch.er, Lotanna, Lost in London, Excess Luggage, Esohe, Mansoor, Oloibiri, Unveil, Orílẹ̀-èdè tó lọ́ra ,'' àti ''Ìsénimọ́lé'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Stories|date=2017-07-02|title=First ever Nollywood travel festival to hold during TIFF 2017|url=https://thenet.ng/first-ever-nollywood-travel-festival-hold-tiff-2017/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-24|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=|date=2017-08-31|title=Alter Ego, Kada River… Movies to be screened at Nollywood Travel Film Festival|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/nollywood-travel-film-festival-movies/|access-date=2025-04-24|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ẹni tó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ pàtàkì ===
Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ òṣèré obìnrin tó dára jùlọ fún ipa rẹ̀ nínú eré 'Alter Ego', nígbà tí wọ́n sì fún Richard Mofe-Damijo ní àmì-ẹ̀yẹ fún ẹni tó tayọ jùlọ nínú ilé-iṣẹ́ fíìmù Nollywood..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2017-09-18|title=Omotola Jalade, wins best actress award at Nollywood Travel Film Festival|url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/omotola-jalade-wins-best-actress-award-at-nollywood-travel-film-festival/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni ọdun 2024, Uchechi Treasure gba ẹbun Oṣere Obinrin ọdọ ti o dara julọ ni NTFF..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2024-12-22|title=Uchechi Treasure Okonkwo Wins Two Awards in 2024 at the Nollywood Travel Film Festival and the Nollywood &amp; African Films Investment Summit &amp; Awards|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/uchechi-treasure-okonkwo-wins-two-awards-in-2024-at-the-nollywood-travel-film-festival-and-the-nollywood-african-films-investment-summit-awards/|archivedate=2025-07-08|access-date=2026-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ àti àwọn ìgbòkègbodò ==

* Àwọn Fíìmù Àfihàn
* Àwọn Ìjíròrò Páńẹ́lì
* Àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́
* Àwọn Ayẹyẹ Àmì Ẹ̀yẹ

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Message box/ambox.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àjọyọ̀ Fíìmù Nollywood Travel Festival ti ọdún 2017'''&lt;/big&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+'''Àwọn ẹ̀bùn'''
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Olùborí
|-
| Òṣèrébìnrin Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde ninu fiimu ''Alter Ego''
|}
&lt;big&gt;'''Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àjọyọ̀ Fíìmù Nollywood Travel Festival 2018'''&lt;/big&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Ẹ̀ka Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn
| Ẹ̀bùn
| Olùborí
|-
| Ẹni Tó Tayọ̀ Jùlọ
| [[Richard Mofe Damijo|Richard Mofe-Damijo]]
|-
| Ìtàn Àwòrán Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| Ike Nnaebue
|-
| Àmì Orin Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| Michael Truth Ogunlade láti inú fíìmù ''The Competition''
|-
| Olùyàwòrán Sínímà Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| Adekunle Nodash láti inú fíìmù ''The Encounter''
|-
| Fíìmù Nollywood tó dára jùlọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè òkèèrè
| ''Ó ti pẹ́ jù díẹ̀''
|-
| Olùgbéjáde Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| Neville Sajere láti inú fíìmù náà. ''Ó pẹ́ jù.''
|-
| Òṣèrébìnrin Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| [[Queen Nwokoye|Ayaba Nwokoye]]
|-
| Òṣèré Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| [[Kalu Ikeagwu]]
|-
| Olùdarí Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| [[Níyì Akínmọláyàn|Niyi Akinmolayan]] láti inú fíìmù ''The Wedding Party 2''
|-
| Fíìmù Nàìjíríà Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| ''Àpèjẹ Ìgbéyàwó 2''
|}
&lt;big&gt;'''Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àjọyọ̀ Fíìmù Nollywood ti Ọdún 2024'''&lt;/big&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Àwọn ẹ̀bùn
| Ẹ̀bùn
| Olùborí
|-
| Òṣèré ọ̀dọ́ tó dára jùlọ
| Uchechi Treasure Okonkwo (Nigeria)
|}

== Àkókò Ìtàn NTFF ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Àtẹ̀jáde
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ọdún
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ibi Iṣẹ́
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Idije
|-
| 1st
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 12 – 16 Oṣù Kẹsàn 2017
| [[Toronto|Toronto, Kánádà]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Nollywood Travel Festival to hold during TIFF 2017|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/nollywood-travel-festival-hold-tiff-2017/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=New York, Toronto to host 2018 Nollywood Travel Film Festival|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/08/15/new-york-toronto-to-host-2018-nollywood-travel-film-festival/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{yes}}
|-
| Èkejì
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 9 – 13 Oṣù Karùn-ún 2018
| [[Hamburg|Hamburg, Jámánì]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Nollywood Travel Film Festival pays courtesy visit to the German and Canadian consulates|url=https://dailytimesng.com/nollywood-travel-film-festival-pays-courtesy-visit-german-canadian-consulates/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{yes}}
|-
| Ẹkẹta
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | Oṣù Kẹ̀wàá ọdún 2018
| Yunifasiti ti Toronto | {{yes}}
|-
| Ẹ̀kẹrin
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kejì ọdún 2020
| [[Glasgow]]  | {{yes}}
|-
| 5th
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 5 – 7 Oṣù Kẹ̀wàá 2023
| [[Amsterdam|Amsterdam, Netherlands]]  | {{yes}}
|-
| Kẹfà
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 14–17 Oṣù Kínní 2024
| Milan, Italy &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Nollywood takes Italy by storm as film festival heads to Milan, Torino, Rome, Florence|url=https://blueprint.ng/nollywood-takes-italy-by-storm-as-film-festival-heads-to-milan-torino-rome-florence/|location=Abuja, Nigeria|access-date=2025-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{yes}}
|-
| keje
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 15 – 19 Oṣù Karùn-ún 2024
| [[Áténì|Átẹ́nì, Gíríìsì]] &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;| {{yes}}
|-
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338973452|Awakening (2013 film)]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox film|name=Awakening|image=Awakening_2012_film.jpg|alt=|caption=Theatrical poster|director={{ubl|James Omokwe|Ethan Okwara}}|producer=Theresa Ananenu|story={{ubl|James Omokwe|Ethan Okwara}}|starring={{ubl|[[OC Ukeje]]|[[Kehinde Bankole]]|Femi Brainard|[[Bryan Okwara]]}}|music=Flo&lt;br&gt;XT Samurai&lt;br&gt;Sons of Liberty|cinematography=Unlimited LA|editing=Ethan Okwara|screenplay=David 'Gee' Ahanmisi|studio=Studio 84&lt;br&gt;Magic Effects&lt;br&gt;RealDreams Integrated&lt;br&gt;DM2|distributor=Amber11 Media|released={{Film date|2013|03|08|df=y}}|runtime=|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=|gross=}}

 
'''''Awakening''''' jẹ́ fíìmù dúdú ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2013 tí James Omokwe àti Ethan Okwara darí, [[OC Ukeje]], [[Kehinde Bankole]], Femi Brainard àti [[Bryan Okwara]] ló kópa nínú rẹ̀. Wọ́n yàn án fún ẹ̀ka AMAA Achievement In Visual Effects ní ayẹyẹ kẹsàn-án ti Africa Movie Academy Awards .  Fíìmù náà ni fíìmù tó gbayì jùlọ lórí Nollywood Reinvented ní àkókò tí wọ́n fi ṣe é, pẹ̀lú àmì 81%.  

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* [[OC Ukeje]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nicholas
* [[Kehinde Bankole]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Zainab
* [[Bryan Okwara]]
* Femi Brainard gẹ́gẹ́ bí Jósẹ́fù
* Deleke Aroleye gẹ́gẹ́ bí Aṣojú Gbade
* [[Tope Tedela]]
* [[Stan Nze]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Ẹgbẹ́ náà

== Àkókò ìgbalejò ==
Àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò tó dára jùlọ fún fíìmù náà ni wọ́n ṣe, wọ́n sì gbóríyìn fún un fún àwọn ìrísí rẹ̀ tó dára tó sì ṣeé gbàgbọ́. [[Nollywood Reinvented tàbí ìsọdọ̀tun (isodotun Nollywood)|Nollywood Reinvented]] fún un ní ìdíyelé 81%, èyí tí ó jẹ́ àmì tó ga jùlọ lórí ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù nígbà náà  ó sì sọ pé &quot;Ìtàn inú fíìmù yìí jẹ́ ohun ìyanu, kìí ṣe ìtàn pàtàkì fúnra rẹ̀ nìkan ṣùgbọ́n àwọn apá kéékèèké tí ó para pọ̀ di gbogbo rẹ̀. Olùkọ̀wé ìwé náà ṣe iṣẹ́ ìyanu nípa dídi ohun gbogbo pọ̀ kí ohunkóhun má baà ṣẹlẹ̀, àti pé ohun gbogbo ní ìbáṣepọ̀ ní ọ̀nà kan tàbí òmíràn yálà a sọ ọ́ ní kedere tàbí bẹ́ẹ̀ kọ́. Ó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí mo fi fẹ́ sọ pé olùkọ̀wé ìwé náà ni ìràwọ̀ nínú fíìmù náà. Fíìmù náà nílò àfiyèsí rẹ, tí o bá sì ṣẹ́jú díẹ̀, o lè pàdánù ohun pàtàkì kan&quot;. Ó tún gbóríyìn fún àwọn ọgbọ́n ìṣeré Kehinde Bankole, ó ní &quot;Wíwo Kehinde Bankole lórí ìbòjú kò ju ìrírí lọ... ó gba àfiyèsí rẹ jákèjádò.&quot;  Àwọn Sodas àti Popcorn fún un ní ìràwọ̀ mẹ́rin nínú márùn-ún, wọ́n sọ pé “Kò sí àní-àní pé ọgbọ́n olùdarí James Omokwe àti Ethan Okwara dára. Fíìmù náà ní àwọn ipa pàtàkì tó dára jùlọ tí mo tíì rí rí nínú iṣẹ́ Nollywood àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìjà, èyí tó ṣeé gbàgbọ́ pátápátá. Yíyàn àwọn òṣèré dára.” 

== Àwọn Àpótí Ìrìnàjò ==
''Awakening'' gba yiyan ni ayẹyẹ kẹsan-an ti Ile-ẹkọ giga fiimu Afirika fun ''Achievement In Visual Effects'' (pẹlu ''Ìrìn-àjò Ọkọ̀-òfurufú tó Kẹ́yìn sí Abuja'' ati ''The Twin Sword'' ). Wọ́n tún yàn án fún ''Fíìmù Ọdún'' ní ayẹyẹ Idán Áfíríkà ti awọn amì-ẹ̀yẹ aṣàyàn awọn Olùwò ti ọdún 2014.

== Wo tun ==

* Àkójọ àwọn fíìmù Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2013

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Ìlú Aiyetoro</title>
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        <id>28839</id>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368190456|Aiyetoro Town]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="6261" sha1="hmgn36gshisyxop3f91u0yryu4v9jap" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox television|image=Aiyetoro Town Season Two Title Card.YouTube.jpg|image_upright=1.0|image_alt=|caption=Title card|genre=[[Sitcom]]|creator=[[Funke Akindele]]|based_on=[[Jenifa]] characters|writer=|screenplay=[[Funke Akindele]]|story=[[Funke Akindele]]|director=[[JJC Skillz]]&lt;br /&gt;Saheed Abolaji&lt;br /&gt;[[Tobi Makinde]]&lt;br&gt;Kunle Akindele|narrator=|music=Toopage &lt;br /&gt;[[Tolu Obanro]]|country={{Plainlist|
* Nigeria
}}|language=English, Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa and Nigerian Pidgin|num_seasons=2|num_episodes=24|producer=[[Funke Akindele]]|editor=|cinematography=|runtime=20 - 40 minutes|company=SceneOne Productions&lt;br/&gt;Funke Akindele Ayotunde Network (FAAN)|budget=|network=[[YouTube]]|first_aired={{start date|2019|06|21}}|starring={{Plainlist|[[Funke Akindele]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Femi Branch]]&lt;br/&gt;Tope Adebayo&lt;br/&gt;Motunrayo Adegboye&lt;br /&gt;Doyin Fagbohun&lt;br /&gt;[[Broda Shaggi|Samuel Perry 'Broda Shaggi']]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nkechi Blessing Sunday|Nkechi Blessing]]&lt;br /&gt;Carmilos Orji Ibe&lt;br/&gt;Ayanfe Adekunle&lt;br /&gt;[[Tobi Makinde]]&lt;br/&gt;Esther Kalejaiye&lt;br /&gt;Funmi Awelewa&lt;br /&gt;Efe Ohora&lt;br&gt;[[Deyemi Okanlawon]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Ireti Osayemi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Dele Odule]]}}}}

'''''Aiyetoro Town''''' jẹ́ eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2019. Àkójọpọ̀ ''ìwé Jenifa's Diary ,'' &lt;ref name=&quot;PulseJenifa&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=24 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ó dá lórí ìlú ìbílẹ̀ Jenifa àti àwọn olùgbé ibẹ̀. Àkókò àkọ́kọ́ jẹ́ ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ láàárín FAAN (tí a mọ̀ sí awọn Ìṣelọ́pọ́ SceneOne tẹ́lẹ̀) àti YouTube . &lt;ref name=&quot;TheNet&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-09-14|title=Poverty And Failure: Funke Akindele Reveals Her Greatest Fears In Life|url=https://thenet.ng/poverty-and-failure-funke-akindele-reveals-her-greatest-fears-in-life/,%20https://thenet.ng/poverty-and-failure-funke-akindele-reveals-her-greatest-fears-in-life/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-07-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ìtòlẹ́sẹẹsẹ yìí mú kí Shakky—ẹni tí Ireti Osayemi ṣe ipa rẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù àkọ́kọ́, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀tá àgbà fún Jenifa—tún padà wá sínú ìtàn náà láti ìgbà fíìmù *The Return of Jenifa*; pẹ̀lú àwọn òṣèré mìíràn láti inú *Jenifa's Diary* tí wọ́n tún ṣe àfihàn pàtàkì nínú rẹ̀.

== Ibùgbé ilé ==
''Ìlú Aiyetoro'' ń ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò ìrìn àjò ìdàgbàsókè, ìpamọ́ àṣà, àti ìforígbárí láàrín ìgbàlódé àti àṣà ní agbègbè ìgbèríko Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 July 2019|title=Aiyetoro town: Funke Akindele has kicked off 'Jenifa's Diary' spinoff, and it's hilarious|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/aiyetoro-town-jenifas-diary-spinoff-from-funke-akindele-is-hilarious/19k58np|access-date=15 February 2020|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* Ẹ̀ka Femi gẹ́gẹ́ bí Baale (àkókò 1; àsìkò àlejò 2)
* Tope Adebayo gege bi Waheed (akoko 1)
* Alade Adebukola gẹ́gẹ́ bí Risi
* Motunrayo Adegboye gẹ́gẹ́ bí Laide
* Ayanfe Adekunle as Adigun (season 1)
* Olulade Adeniyi gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kola
* Prince Adewale Adeyemo as Otun
* [[Funke Akindele]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[Jenifa (character)|Jenifa]]
* Fisayo Akinnibosun gege bi oluso Baale
* John Atura gẹ́gẹ́ bí Orji
* [[Nkechi Blessing Sunday|Nkechi Blessing]] as Mama Chichi
* [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] as Kabiyesi Oyetunde (alejo series 1; series 2)
* Abati Adeotan Abidemi as Kings Hypeman (akoko 2)
* Timilehin Ibitoye gege bi oluso Baale
* [[Tobi Makinde]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Timini

'''Àtìlẹ́yìn'''

* [[Sola Sobowale]] as New [[Ìyálóde|Iyalode]] (season 2)
* [[Broda Shaggi|Samuel Perry]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Bayonle
* [[Mercy Aigbe]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Aaye (àkókò 2)
* Esther Kalejaiye as Amope (akoko 1)
* Funmi Awelewa as Yewande (akoko 1)
* Efe Ohora gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyàwó Baale

== Ìtàn ìtàn náà ==
Baale ti ilu Aiyetoro, ẹni ti o ti ngbe ni Edinburgh ti o si ti ni ipa nipasẹ ọlaju Iwọ-oorun, pada si Aiyetoro pẹlu ero lati sọ abule naa di ilu ode oni lakoko ti o tun n ṣetọju awọn aṣa, asa, ati awọn iwa rere rẹ.

Ó dojúkọ àwọn ìpèníjà nítorí àtakò tí ó dojúkọ láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn tí kò ṣetán fún ìyípadà. Àwọn ìpèníjà mìíràn pẹ̀lú ìwà ibi arákùnrin Jenifa àti àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀, àti ìwà ibi Laide àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọkùnrin mìíràn, tí ó ń fa wàhálà láàrín ìlú náà. Irú àwọn ìgbòkègbodò bẹ́ẹ̀ ṣòro gan-an fún Baale àti àwọn olórí mìíràn ní ìlú náà. 

== Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ==
{{Series overview|color1=#FFFF00|link1=Aiyetoro Town#Series 1 (2019)|episodes1=24|released1={{Start date|2019|06|21|df=y}}|color2=#FF0000|link2=Aiyetoro Town#Series 2 (2025)|episodes2=28|released2={{Start date|2025|06|22|df=y}}}}{{Series overview|color1=#FFFF00|link1=Aiyetoro Town#Series 1 (2019)|episodes1=24|released1={{Start date|2019|06|21|df=y}}|color2=#FF0000|link2=Aiyetoro Town#Series 2 (2025)|episodes2=28|released2={{Start date|2025|06|22|df=y}}}}

== Àkókò ìgbalejò ==
Segun Odejimi ti ''TNS'' ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìtàn náà, ó sì ṣe àyẹ̀wò bí a ṣe ń ṣe eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín rẹ̀, bí a ṣe ń ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ àti bí a ṣe ń ṣe àyẹ̀wò àwọn ọ̀ràn àwùjọ láàárín àwùjọ ìtàn àròsọ ti Aiyetoro Town. Odejimi tún sọ̀rọ̀ nípa &lt;nowiki&gt;ìsopọ̀ pẹ̀lú eré náà &quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt; Jenifa's Diary franchise &quot;.  Daniel Okechukwu ti ''Culture Custodian'' ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mẹ́rin àkọ́kọ́ ti àsìkò àkọ́kọ́, ó ṣàpèjúwe àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín tí ó pín èrò nípa lílo àwàdà àti ìtàn tí ó darí àwọn ènìyàn. Okechukwu tẹnu mọ́ ọ̀nà eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín, ìṣe àti bí a ṣe ń ṣe àfihàn ìgbésí ayé nínú àwùjọ ìtàn àròsọ, ó sì kíyèsí àwọn àkókò ìgbádùn àti àwọn apá tí àwọn olùwòran kan lè rí pé ó pọ̀ jù. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360734997|Everybody Loves Christmas]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox song|name=Everybody Loves Christmas|cover=File:Everybody Loves Christmas.jpg|type=promotional single|artist=[[Everybody Loves Jenifa#Cast|Cast of Everybody Loves Jenifa]] featuring [[Funke Akindele]], [[Falz]], [[Bisola Aiyeola]], and [[D'Banj]]|released={{Start date|df=yes|2024|12|19}}|recorded=2024|genre=[[Christmas song]]|length={{Duration|m=5|s=22}}|label=FAAN|writer={{hlist|Falz|D'Banj|Waje|Bisola}}|producer=[[Cobhams Asuquo]]|misc={{External music video
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fíìmù '''Everybody Loves Christmas''' jẹ́ fíìmù pàtàkì kan tí wọ́n ṣe àkójọpọ̀ rẹ̀ ní orí Kérésìmesì ní Nàìjíríà, tí ó ní àwọn òṣèré tó gbajúmọ̀, títí kan olórin Nàìjíríà D'banj, olórin rap àti òṣèré Falz, àti àwọn òṣèré láti inú fíìmù ''Everybody Loves Jenifa'' .  Àkànṣe náà da apanilẹ́rìn-ín, orin, àti ayọ̀ ọjọ́ ìsinmi pọ̀, ó sì ń ṣe àdàpọ̀ eré ìnàjú tí ó ń ṣe ayẹyẹ ẹ̀mí Kérésìmesì pẹ̀lú ìyípadà pàtàkì ti Nàìjíríà. 

== Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Àwọn orin àti ìṣeré pàtàkì náà ní àwọn orin àsìkò ìsinmi àtijọ́, títí kan orin Kérésìmesì tí D'banj, Falz, àti ẹgbẹ́ ''Everybody Loves Jenifa'' ṣe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=David|first=Obed|date=December 4, 2024|title=Jide Kosoko, Patience Ozokwor turn musicians in 'Everybody Loves Jenifa' soundtrack (VIDEO)|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/759204-jide-kosoko-patience-ozokwor-turn-musicians-in-everybody-loves-jenifa-soundtrack-video.html?tztc=1|access-date=2024-12-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Orin náà da àwọn ohùn ìbílẹ̀ Nàìjíríà pọ̀ mọ́ Afrobeat òde òní, ó sì fi kún ayẹyẹ àti ìgbádùn sí ètò náà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=ADEKUNLE|first=MUSA|date=2024-12-03|title=Funke Akindele releases Christmas song ahead of film premiere|url=https://guardian.ng/life/funke-akindele-releases-christmas-song-ahead-of-film-premiere/#google_vignette|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2024-12-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; The five-minute video features many cast members, including Falz, [[Layi Wasabi]], Dbanj, Patience Ozokwor, Chimezie Imo, [[Tope Tedela]], Omotunde Adebowale-David, [[Bisola Aiyeola]], [[Jide Kosoko]], [[Omowumi Dada|Omowunmi Dada]], [[Juliana Olayode]], [[Nancy Isime]] [[Waje|.]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Jide Kosoko, Patience Ozokwor turn musicians in 'Everybody Loves Jenifa' soundtrack (VIDEO)|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/759204-jide-kosoko-patience-ozokwor-turn-musicians-in-everybody-loves-jenifa-soundtrack-video.html?tztc=1|access-date=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìtàn ìtújáde ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+Ìtàn àti àwọn ọ̀nà ìtújáde fún ''Gbogbo ènìyàn fẹ́ràn Kérésìmesì (Orin Àkọ́kọ́ Àtilẹ̀wá)''
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Agbègbè
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Déètì
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Àwọn ìrísí (àwọn)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Àwọn àtẹ̀jáde(àwọn)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Àmì(àwọn)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ref.
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | Oríṣiríṣi
| Ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2024
|
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345816086|Big Love (2023 film)]]&quot;</comment>
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! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above summary&quot; |Big Love
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Directed by
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[:en:Biodun_Stephen|Biodun Stephen]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Written by
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[:en:Biodun_Stephen|Biodun Stephen]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Produced by
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* [[:en:Inkblot_Productions|Inkblot Productions]]
* [[:en:Biodun_Stephen|Biodun Stephen]]
&lt;/div&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Starring
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* [[:en:Timini_Egbuson|Timini Egbuson]]
* [[:en:Bimbo_Ademoye|Bimbo Ademoye]]
* [[:en:Teniola_Aladese|Teniola Aladese]]
* [[:en:Shafy_Bello|Shafy Bello]]
* Koleosho Hismaheel
* Ronke Ojo
* Ossy Joseph
* Isioma Mordi
* [[:en:Deza_the_Great|Deza the Great]]
* Jedida Jo James
* Jennifer Ugokwe
* Malvin Joseph
&lt;/div&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Distributed by
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[:en:Inkblot_Productions|Inkblot Productions]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |&lt;div&gt;Release date&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist film-date&quot;&gt;
* June&amp;nbsp;28,&amp;nbsp;2023&amp;nbsp;(&lt;span class=&quot;bday dtstart published updated itvstart&quot;&gt;2023-06-28&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/div&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Country
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[:en:Nigeria|Nigeria]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Language
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |English
|}
'''''Big Love''''' jẹ́ eré ìfẹ́ ìdílé Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2023 tí Biodun Stephen kọ tí ó sì darí rẹ̀, ó sì jẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ láàárín Biodun Stephen àti Inkblot Productions . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2023-05-12|title=Bimbo Ademoye, Timini Egbuson tug at your heartstrings in 'Big Love'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bimbo-ademoye-timini-egbuson-tug-at-your-heartstrings-in-big-love/bjzdsy2|access-date=2023-07-09|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fiimu naa, eyi ti a gbe jade ni awọn ile-iṣere sinima kaakiri orilẹ-ede ni ọjọ kẹrindadinlọgbọn oṣu Kẹfa ọdun 2023, ni awọn oṣere bii Bimbo Ademoye, Timini Egbuson, Teniola Aladese, Jaiye Kuti, Shaffy Bello ati awọn miiran ninu rẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2023-05-13|title=Watch Bimbo Ademoye &amp; Timini Egbuson Fall in Love Again in Upcoming Romantic Drama “Big Love” {{!}} Teaser|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2023/05/bimbo-ademoye-timini-egbuson-big-love/|access-date=2023-07-09|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;A ya fiimu naa ni Ipinle Eko, o si n ṣafihan bi igbesi-aye ṣe ri ni Eko ni asiko yii. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Àkótán ==
''Big Love'' sọ ìtàn Adil, ọ̀dọ́mọkùnrin kan tó ní ìfẹ́ sí àlá rẹ̀ tó sì ń lépa wọn ní tààràtà, àti Adina, obìnrin olómìnira kan tó tún gbájú mọ́ bí a ṣe ń rí àwọn nǹkan gbà ní àgọ́ àwọn tó ti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gboyè jáde. Láìpẹ́ àwọn méjèèjì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í nífẹ̀ẹ́ ara wọn, wọ́n sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ́ àjọṣepọ̀, èyí tí ìbẹ̀rù àti àṣírí Adina wá ń halẹ̀ mọ́ wọn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=2023-02-01|title=Inkblot Productions tap Stephen for new film, Big Love|url=https://guardian.ng/news/inkblot-productions-tap-stephen-for-new-film-big-love-2/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2023-07-09|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* [[Timini Egbuson]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Adil
* [[Bimbo Ademoye]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Adina
* [[Shafy Bello-Akinrimisi|Shafy Bello]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kafil
* Jaiye Kuti gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kareema
* Seyi Awolowo gẹ́gẹ́ bí Lade
* [[Kalu Ikeagwu]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Bako
* [[Teniola Aladese]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kareen
* Gbohunmi Adedayo as event planner
* Adediwura Adesegha as official
* Femi Adisloba gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé oúnjẹ
* Desmond Agbo gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀
* Elvictor Emmanuel gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùtọ́jú
* Abiola Azeez gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nanny
* Koleosho Hismahel gẹ́gẹ́ bí Soft
* Ronke Ojo gẹ́gẹ́ bí diakóníìsì
* Ossy Joseph gẹ́gẹ́ bí John
* Isioma Mordi gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùrànlọ́wọ́ ilé ìtajà aṣọ
* Deza Ńlá gẹ́gẹ́ bí Amir
* Jedida Jo James gẹ́gẹ́ bí Jayden
* Jennifer Ugokwe gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀
* Malvin Joseph gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀

&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Ìtújáde àti àṣeyọrí ==
Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tú u jáde ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2023, ''Big Love'' ní ipa pàtàkì ní ọ́fíìsì ìpolówó ọjà ní Nàìjíríà, ó sì di fíìmù Nollywood tó gba owó tó ga jùlọ nígbà náà, ó sì gba owó tó lé ní ₦20 mílíọ̀nù láàárín ọ̀sẹ̀ kan. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2023-07-05|title='Big Love' displaces 'Transformers', 'The Flash', nears ₦20 million|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/big-love-displaces-transformers-at-nigerian-box-office-nears-naira20-million/st40x85|access-date=2023-07-09|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fíìmù náà dára ju àwọn eré bíi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwTA&quot;&gt;Transformers: Rise of the Beasts&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; àti &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwTg&quot;&gt;The Flash&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; at the box office lọ.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Inkblot’s ‘Big Love’ Emerges No1 Nollywood Movie - THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/07/08/inkblots-big-love-emerges-no1-nollywood-movie|access-date=2023-07-09|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <timestamp>2026-09-12T09:51:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345932037|Dangerous Twins]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox film|name=Dangerous Twins|image=Movie poster of Dangerous Twins.jpg|alt=|caption=Dangerous Twins Poster|director=[[Tade Ogidan]]|writer=Tade Ogidan|producer=Tade Ogidan|starring=[[Ramsey Nouah]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Stella Damasus-Aboderin]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Bimbo Akintola]]|cinematography=|editing=|music=|studio=OGD Pictures|distributor=|released={{Film date|df=yes|2004}}|runtime=135 minutes|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=|gross=}}

 
'''''Dangerous Twins''''' Ó jẹ́ fíìmù eré oníṣe ti Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2004, èyí tí Tade Ogidan kọ̀wé rẹ̀, tí ó sì ṣe àgbéjáde àti ìdarí rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTVlKirJmGgC&amp;pg=PA293|title=Global Nollywood|isbn=978-0253009425|last1=Krings|first1=Matthias|last2=Okome|first2=Onookome|date=27 May 2013|publisher=Indiana University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qVakAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT274|title=African Youth in Contemporary Literature and Popular Culture|isbn=9781134624003|last1=Yenika-Agbaw|first1=Vivian|last2=Mhando|first2=Lindah|date=21 January 2014|publisher=Routledge}}&lt;/ref&gt;Fíìmù yìí, tí ó ní àwọn òṣèré bíi Bimbo Akintola, Ramsey Nouah àti Stella Damasus-Aboderin nínú, jẹ́ fíìmù oní-apá mẹ́ta tí ó gba iye àkókò tí ó tó ìṣẹ́jú 135; ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ 'Africa Movie Academy Awards' ti ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ fún ẹ̀ka 'Best Special Effects' (àwọn ọgbọ́n àrà ọ̀tọ̀ nínú fíìmù).. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showtime/2005/may/13/showtime-13-05-2005-006.htm|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=The Sun News On-line}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ramsey Nouah kó ipa méjì, gẹ́gẹ́ bí Taiye àti Kenny nínú fíìmù náà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oeaPAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT235|title=World Cinemas, Transnational Perspectives|last=Durovicová|date=10 September 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà ==
Fíìmù náà sọ ìtàn àwọn ìbejì tí wọ́n jọra, Taiye àti Kehinde. Kehinde wa ni ilu Eko pelu iyawo re ati awon omo re meta, nigba ti Taiye wa ni ilu Lọ́ndọ́nù . Ìrora ìgbéyàwó láìní ọmọ, lẹ́yìn ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, mú kí Taiye bínú, ẹni tó yí Kehinde lérò padà láti fi ṣe àyípadà ipò pẹ̀lú rẹ̀ kí ó lè fún ìyàwó rẹ̀ lóyún. Sibẹsibẹ, awọn iṣoro diẹ sii yoo waye.  Kehinde da ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé arákùnrin rẹ̀ méjì, ìwà ipá sì tẹ̀lé e. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-g6jPGy7EQYC&amp;pg=PA93|title=21st-Century Hollywood|date=31 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Nigeria: The Magic of Dangerous Twins|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200405140878.html|access-date=17 January 2023|newspaper=allAfrica|date=14 May 2004}} (Subscription required)&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìṣẹ̀dá ==
OGD Pictures Production ló ṣe fíìmù náà ní Nàìjíríà, àmọ́ ó yà á ní àwọn ibi tó yàtọ̀ síra, títí kan [[Nàìjíríà]], [[Lọndọnu|Lọ́ndọ́nù]], [[Fránsì|Faransé]], [[Swítsàlandì|Swítísì]], [[Nẹ́dálándì|Nẹ́ẹ̀síwájú]], [[Bẹ́ljíọ̀m|Bẹ́ljiọ́mù]] àti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Amẹ́ríkà]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpHsdlW4v0sC&amp;pg=PA239|title=Postcolonial Italy|last=Lombardi-Diop|date=6 December 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CMg--t-YQWQC&amp;pg=PA403|title=The New African Diaspora|last=Isidore Okpewho}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* [[Ramsey Nouah]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Taiye / Kehinde
* [[Stella Damasus|Stella Damasus-Aboderin]]
* [[Bimbo Akintola]]
* [[Sola Asedeko]]
* [[Norbert Young|Nobert Young]]
* [[Sola Sobowale]]
* Anna Fiertag gẹ́gẹ́ bí Marsha
* Danielle Moubarak gẹ́gẹ́ bí Judy
* Lanre Balogun
* Obiageli Molube
* Charles Ukpong
* Jason Welsh gẹ́gẹ́ bí Aṣojú Ìṣíwájú

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <timestamp>2026-09-12T09:52:51Z</timestamp>
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        <id>28839</id>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366545358|Dinner at My Place]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox film|name=Dinner at My Place|image=|caption=|director=Kevin Luther Apaa|writer=Kevin Apaa|screenplay=Kevin Apaa|story=|producer=Chiamaka Ebochue|starring=[[Timini Egbuson]]&lt;br&gt;[[Bisola Aiyeola]]&lt;br&gt;[[Sophie Alakija]]|cinematography=|editing=|music=|studio=Duku Pictures|distributor=FilmOne Entertainment|released={{Film date|2022|01|28|df=y}}|runtime=105 minutes|country=Nigeria&lt;br&gt;United States|language=English|budget=|gross=}}

 
'''''Alẹ́ ní My Place''''' jẹ́ eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín ìfẹ́ ti orílẹ̀ -èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2022 tí Kevin Apaa kọ tí ó sì darí rẹ̀. Àwọn tó kópa nínú fíìmù náà ni Timini Egbuson, Bisola Aiyeola àti Sophie Alakija . Wọ́n gbé fíìmù náà jáde ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kìíní ọdún 2022, àwọn aláròjinlẹ̀ sì tún gbọ́ ìròyìn rere. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-02-06|title=Dinner At My Place hits the screen|url=https://guardian.ng/art/dinner-at-my-place-hits-the-screen/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-07-17|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Mix|first=Pulse|date=2022-01-23|title=Romcom &quot;Dinner at my place&quot; by award winning filmmaker Kevin Apaa hits cinemas Jan 28|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/romcom-dinner-at-my-place-by-award-winning-filmmaker-kevin-apaa-hits-cinemas-jan-28/hwxrchr|access-date=2022-07-17|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àkótán ==
Fíìmù náà dá lórí ọkùnrin ará Amẹ́ríkà kan tó ń jẹ́ Nonso, tó ń gbèrò láti fẹ́ ọ̀rẹ́bìnrin rẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n bá ń jẹun alẹ́. Ó ti gbèrò láti fi òrùka wúrà náà, èyí tí ó jẹ́ $22000, fún ọ̀rẹ́bìnrin rẹ̀, ó sì jẹ́ ti ìyá rẹ̀ àyànfẹ́ ní àkọ́kọ́, nítorí pé ìyá rẹ̀ tí ó ti kú fi òrùka náà sílẹ̀ fún un ní ìrántí rẹ̀.  Ṣùgbọ́n sí ìyàlẹ́nu rẹ̀, nǹkan túbọ̀ burú sí i ní ti èrò ọkàn rẹ̀ nígbà tí ọ̀rẹ́bìnrin rẹ̀ àtijọ́ (Bisola Aiyeola) ba ayọ̀ náà jẹ́ nípa wíwọlé sí àwòrán náà àti wíwá síta láìsí ìpè.

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* [[Timini Egbuson]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nonso
* [[Bisola Aiyeola]] bi Bisi / Nonso's tele-orebirin
* [[Sophie Alakija]] gege bi orebirin Chioma / Nonso
* Uche Montana gẹ́gẹ́ bí Cynthia
* Oluyemi Solade gẹ́gẹ́ bí Dókítà Ayo
* Chales Etubiebi gẹ́gẹ́ bí Jay
* Debby Felix gẹ́gẹ́ bí Sandra
* Michael Sanni gẹ́gẹ́ bí awakọ̀ Uber
* Gabriel Ameh gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùtajà ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́
* Juliet Jackson gẹ́gẹ́ bí nọ́ọ̀sì
* Ruth Okerefor gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbàlejò ní hótéẹ̀lì
* Nene Nwoko gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyá Nonso
* Namisi Govin Emma bi arakunrin Nonso

== Ìṣẹ̀dá ==
Olùṣe fíìmù Kevin Apaa fi hàn pé òun ló kọ́kọ́ sọ ìtàn tó yẹ fún fíìmù kúkúrú, òun sì ṣe fíìmù kúkúrú náà pẹ̀lú ìṣẹ́jú mọ́kànlá pẹ̀lú àkọlé kan náà. A tu i jade ni ọdun 2019 o si ṣii si awọn atunyẹwo rere. Fíìmù kúkúrú náà gba ìyìn pàtàkì, ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́jọ, wọ́n sì tún ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ ní àwọn ayẹyẹ fíìmù ní Uthe SA àti Uthe K. Àǹfààní rere tí wọ́n rí gbà fún fíìmù kúkúrú náà mú kí Apaa wá pẹ̀lú fíìmù gígùn kan nípa gbígbé orúkọ kan náà kalẹ̀. Òun àti àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí fíìmù eré ìfẹ́.  Àwọn òṣèré tí wọ́n pè fún fíìmù náà kò tíì fara hàn nínú fíìmù kúkúrú náà tẹ́lẹ̀. Wọ́n ya fíìmù náà pátápátá ní ìlú Èkó . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title='Dinner at My Place' Opens in Cinemas|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/01/29/dinner-at-my-place-opens-in-cinemas/|access-date=2022-07-17|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347123172|Road to Yesterday (film)]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox film|name=Road To Yesterday|image=Road To Yesterday2015 poster.jpg|alt=|caption=Theatrical release poster|director=[[Ishaya Bako]]|producer=Chichi Nwoko &lt;br&gt; [[Chinny Onwugbenu]] &lt;br&gt; Genevieve Nnaji|screenplay=Emil B. Garuba &lt;br&gt; Ishaya Bako|story=Genevieve Nnaji|starring={{ubl|[[Genevieve Nnaji]]|[[Oris Erhuero]]}}|music=[[Kulanen Ikyo]]|cinematography=Idowu Adedapo|editing=Chuka Ejorh|studio=The Entertainment Network (TEN)|distributor=FilmOne Distribution|released={{Film date|2015|11|27|df=yes}}|runtime=91 minutes|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=₦30 million&lt;ref name=ten&gt;{{Cite news | url=https://thenet.ng/10-things-you-should-know-about-genevieve-nnajis-upcoming-movie-road-to-yesterday/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria| title=10 things you should know about Genevieve Nnaji's upcoming movie, Road to Yesterday  | date=10 September 2015 | access-date=20 September 2016 | author=Badmus, Kayode|newspaper=[[The Netng|The NET]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;|gross=₦30,000,700&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://tns.ng/tns-exclusive-report-on-nigerian-cinema-in-2015/ | title=IN FULL: TNS Exclusive Report On Nigerian Cinema In 2015 | publisher=TNS | date=18 January 2016 | accessdate=20 February 2016 | author=Odejimi, Segun | url-status=dead | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221215346/http://www.tns.ng/tns-exclusive-report-on-nigerian-cinema-in-2015/ | archivedate=21 February 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

 
fíìmù ìfẹ́ tí wọ́n ṣe ní ojú ọ̀nà ní Nàìjíríà ''''', Road To Yesterday,''''' ni Íṣíá Bako darí rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2015. Ó kópa nínú àwọn ipa àkọ́kọ́ nínú rẹ̀, pẹ̀lú Majid Michel àti Chioma 'Chigul' Omeruah nínú àwọn ipa àtìlẹ́yìn.  Fíìmù náà, tí Genevieve Nnaji ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ rẹ̀, ni àkọ́kọ́ tí òṣèré náà gbìyànjú gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbéjáde. 

''Ìwé Ọ̀nà sí Àná (Road to Yesterday)'' sọ ìtàn tọkọtaya kan tí wọ́n ti ya ara wọn sọ́tọ̀, tí wọ́n ń retí láti tún ìgbéyàwó wọn ṣe nígbà tí wọ́n ń rìnrìn àjò lọ sí ìsìnkú ìbátan kan.

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* [[Genevieve Nnaji]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Victoria
* Oris Erhuero gẹ́gẹ́ bí Izu
* [[Chigul|Chioma Omeruah]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Onome 
* [[Baaj Adebule]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùkọ́ni
* [[Lilian Afegbai]] as Receptionist
* Joel Benson gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùfọ́tò
* Ify Brown gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùtọ́jú oúnjẹ
* Ayo Falana gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọlọ́pàá
* Olúwa Frank gẹ́gẹ́ bí Frank
* Ieoma Ibeawuchi gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ọmọ Abigail
* [[Nancy Isime]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kike
* Nkem Marchie gege bi Iyale Izu
* [[Majid Michel]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Jòhánù
* [[Bolanle Ninalowo]] bi Tosin
* Frances Okeke gẹ́gẹ́ bí Anna
* [[Ebele Okaro|Ebele Okaro-Onyiuke]] as Victoria's mum

== Ìṣẹ̀dá ==
Wọ́n yinbọn púpọ̀ ''ní Ọ̀nà sí Lana (Road To Lana)'' ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó . &lt;ref name=&quot;Medeme, Vwe&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/genevieve-nnaji-shines-in-new-movie-road-to-yesterday/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Genevieve Nnaji shines in new movie, Road to Yesterday|date=1 October 2015|accessdate=27 December 2015|author=Medeme, Vwe}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fọ́tò pàtàkì bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2015. &lt;ref name=&quot;Abulude, Samuel&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.leadership.ng/entertainment/470729/genevieve-nnajis-road-to-yesterday-screened-amidst-pomp-and-pageantry|title=Genevieve Nnaji's 'Road To Yesterday' Screened Amidst Pomp And Pageantry|date=30 October 2015|accessdate=27 December 2015|author=Abulude, Samuel|archivedate=31 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe é pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ Africa Magic . &lt;ref name=&quot;Medeme, Vwe&quot; /&gt; Fíìmù Ọ̀nà sí Àná (''Road To Yesterday)'' ni fíìmù àkọ́kọ́ Nnaji gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbéjáde, ó sì tún jẹ́ fíìmù àkọ́kọ́ tí Ishaya Bako ṣe.  Wọ́n ṣe fíìmù náà pẹ̀lú owó tí a fojú díwọ̀n pé ó jẹ́ ₦30 mílíọ̀nù. &lt;ref name=&quot;Badmus, Kayode&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://thenet.ng/10-things-you-should-know-about-genevieve-nnajis-upcoming-movie-road-to-yesterday/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=10 things you should know about Genevieve Nnaji's upcoming movie, Road to Yesterday|date=10 September 2015|accessdate=27 December 2015|author=Badmus, Kayode}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìpolówó ==
A ṣe ifilọlẹ oju opo wẹẹbu osise fun fiimu naa ni ọjọ ọgbọ̀n Oṣu Kẹsan ọdun 2015. &lt;ref name=&quot;Badmus, Kayode&quot; /&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2015, Genevieve Nnaji, pẹ̀lú olùdarí, Ishaya Bako, ṣe àwọn ìpolongo lórí rédíò lórí ''Beat FM'', ''Naija FM'' àti ''Classic FM'', láti gbé fíìmù náà lárugẹ.  Ó tún ṣe àfihàn àwọn oníròyìn ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2015 ní Genesis Deluxe Cinema, Lekki . &lt;ref name=&quot;Abulude, Samuel&quot; /&gt; Awon agba osere fiimu naa, Nnaji ati Erhuero, lo gbejade iwe iroyin ''Vanguard Allure'' ti Oṣu kọkanla. 

== Ìtújáde ==
Àwọn àwo orin ìtọ́kasí fún Ọ̀nà sí Àná (''Road To Yesterday)'' ni a gbé jáde lórí ayélujára ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2015; Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àwo orin náà ni ìtàn láti ojú obìnrin olórí eré náà, Victoria, nígbà tí àwo orin kejì jẹ́ ìtàn láti ojú ìwòye Izu. Wọ́n gbé àtẹ̀jáde fíìmù náà jáde lórí ayélujára ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2015.  Wọ́n ṣètò pé kí wọ́n ṣe fíìmù náà ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2015, &lt;ref name=&quot;Abulude, Samuel&quot; /&gt; ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀ wọ́n ṣe fíìmù náà ní àgbáyé níbi ayẹyẹ fíìmù àgbáyé ti Africa ti ọdún 2015 ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2015.   Wọ́n gbé e jáde káàkiri àwọn sinimá ní Nàìjíríà ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2015, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=19 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn ìfihàn rẹ̀ ní sinimá Silverbird, Abuja ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kọkànlá.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/11/photos-from-the-premiere-of-road-to-yesterday-in-abuja/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Photos from the premiere of 'Road to Yesterday' in Abuja|date=26 November 2015|access-date=27 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>bsm2zoik5lc5kskpf59ptk3uj8g2egd</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hamdy Fathy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83896</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636165</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T10:16:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Khodijah 157</username>
        <id>33008</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mo fi ítumo sí ise apá agbaboolu ile  Egypt</comment>
      <origin>636165</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10440" sha1="d2mzvdycy88ap55z0c7kfneo6a22nhs" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Egyptian footballer (born 1994)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Hamdy Fathy|image=Hamdy Fathy Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-220.jpg|image_size=250px|caption=Fathy with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Hamdy Fathy Abdelhalim Abdelfattah&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce233/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=FIFA Club World Cup 2025™ – Squad List: Al Ahly FC (EGY) |publisher=FIFA |page=1 |date=4 July 2025 |access-date=18 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713085533/https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce233/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |archive-date=13 July 2025 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{birth date and age|1994|09|29|df=yes}}&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;/&gt;|birth_place=[[Beheira Governorate|Beheira]], Egypt|height=1.83 m&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;/&gt;|position=[[Defensive midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Al-Wakrah SC|Al-Wakrah]]|clubnumber=8|youthyears1=2005–2014|youthclubs1=[[Ala'ab Damanhour SC|Ala'ab Damanhour]]|years1=2014–2015|clubs1=[[Ala'ab Damanhour SC|Ala'ab Damanhour]]|caps1=31|goals1=3|years2=2015–2018|clubs2=[[ENPPI Club|Enppi]]|caps2=51|goals2=6|years3=2016–2017|clubs3=→ [[Petrojet FC|Petrojet]] (loan)|caps3=27|goals3=2|years4=2019–2023|clubs4=[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]|caps4=89|goals4=7|years5=2023–|clubs5=[[Al-Wakrah SC|Al-Wakrah]]|caps5=49|goals5=5|years6=2025|clubs6=→ [[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]] (loan)|caps6=0|goals6=0|nationalyears1=2019–|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps1=67|nationalgoals1=4|club-update=17 January 2026|nationalteam-update=7 July 2026|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|EGY}}}}
{{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2021 Africa Cup of Nations|2021 Cameroon]]|}}}}'''Hamdy Fathy Abdelhalim Abdelfattah''' ({{langx|ar|حمدي فتحي عبد الحليم عبد الفتاح}}; (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹsàn-án ọdún 1994) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ẹni tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù àárín pápá tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ààbò fún ẹgbẹ́ Al-Wakrah ní Qatar Stars League àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|access-date=25 June 2026|date=20 May 2026|language=en|title=Salah headlines Egypt squad|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/egypt-squad-named|website=fifa.com}}&lt;!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ==
Fathy bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ bọọlu rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ Ala'ab Damanhour kí ó tó lọ sí Enppi ní ọdún 2015, lẹ́yìn náà ó sì dara pọ̀ mọ́ Petrojet gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọọlu tí wọ́n yá wọ́n. Ní ọdún 2019, ó fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn pẹ̀lú Al Ahly, ó sì wà pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ náà títí di ọdún 2023, nígbà tí ó kó lọ sí ẹgbẹ́ Al-Wakrah ti orílẹ̀-èdè Qatar&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Afcon 2021: Egypt XI to face Senegal – Salah, Elneny start, Ashour in for suspended Kamal {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/lists/afcon-2021-egypt-xi-to-face-senegal-salah-elneny-start-ashour-in-/bltbabcf03e09d636c6#csbd32c2ed1f492e6b|access-date=6 February 2022|website=www.goal.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;..

=== 2025: Loan to Al Ahly ===
Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2024, wọ́n kéde pé yóò padà sí Al Ahly nípasẹ̀ àdéhùn yíyà-láti-lo (loan) láti kópa nínú ìdíje FIFA Club World Cup ti ọdún 2025..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/537032/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Ahly-secure-loan-deal-for-Hamdi-Fathi-from-AlWakra.aspx|title=Ahly secure loan deal for Hamdi Fathi from Al-Wakrah SC for the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup|publisher=Ahram Online|date=15 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé ==
Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù Kẹwa ọdún 2019, Fathy ṣe ìfarahàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́-agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀, ó sì gba àmì-ayò kan ṣoṣo nínú eré náà, èyí tí ó mú kí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Botswana pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò kan sí odo (1–0)..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.kooora.com/?n=860747&amp;o=n3107844|script-title=ar:حمدي فتحي يضع بصمته الأولى مع منتخب مصر|website=Kooora|language=Arabic|date=14 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Hamdy kópa nínú eré ìparí ìdíje AFCON ti ọdún 2021 lòdì sí Senegal..&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Ni ọjọ́ kejì oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2025, wọ́n pe Fathy sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Egypt fún ìdíje Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2025..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/egypt-name-final-28-man-squad-for-totalenergies-caf-afcon-2025-salah-leads-pharaohs-charge/|title=Egypt name final 28-man squad for TotalEnergies CAF AFCON 2025, Salah leads Pharaohs' charge|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|date=2 December 2025|access-date=12 December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2026, wọ́n fi orúkọ Fathy sínú àkójọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n tí Hossam Hassan yàn fún ìdíje Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2026..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìṣirò iṣẹ́ ==

=== Club ===
''Last updated on 26 January 2024''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |National cup{{efn|Includes [[Egypt Cup]], [[Qatar Cup]]}}
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|[[Ala'ab Damanhour SC|Ala'ab Damanhour]]
|[[2014–15 Egyptian Premier League|2014–15]]
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Egyptian Premier League]]
|30
|3
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|30
|3
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[ENPPI SC|ENPPI]]
|[[2015–16 Egyptian Premier League|2015–16]]
|6
|0
|1
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|8
|0
|-
|[[2016–17 Egyptian Premier League|2016–17]]
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|0
|0
|-
|[[2017–18 Egyptian Premier League|2017–18]]
|29
|2
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|29
|2
|-
|[[2018–19 Egyptian Premier League|2018–19]]
|16
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|17
|3
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!51
!5
!2
!0
!1
!0
!0
!0
!54
!5
|-
|[[Petrojet SC|Petrojet]] (loan)
|[[2016–17 Egyptian Premier League|2016–17]]
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Egyptian Premier League
|27
|2
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|29
|2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]
|[[2018–19 Al Ahly SC season|2018–19]]
|13
|2
|1
|0
|1
|0
|1
|0
|16
|2
|-
|[[2019–20 Al Ahly SC season|2019–20]]
|18
|3
|5
|1
|5
|2
|0
|0
|28
|6
|-
|[[2020–21 Al Ahly SC season|2020–21]]
|21
|0
|3
|0
|12
|0
|4
|0
|40
|0
|-
|[[2021–22 Al Ahly SC season|2021–22]]
|20
|1
|2
|2
|16
|1
|2
|0
|40
|4
|-
|[[2022–23 Al Ahly SC season|2022–23]]
|17
|1
|1
|0
|12
|3
|6
|0
|36
|4
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!89
!7
!9
!1
!39
!4
!13
!0
!150
!12
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Al-Wakrah SC|Al-Wakrah]]
|[[2023–24 Qatar Stars League|2023–24]]
|[[Qatar Stars League]]
|10
|3
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|10
|3
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!10
!3
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!10
!3
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!208
!21
!13
!1
!39
!4
!13
!0
!273
!26
|}
{{notelist}}

=== International ===
{{Updated|match played 15 November 2024}}&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|id=75890|access-date=2 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by national team and year
!National team
!Year
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]
|2019
|2
|2
|-
|2020
|1
|0
|-
|2021
|13
|0
|-
|2022
|11
|0
|-
|2023
|9
|2
|-
|2024
|13
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!49
!2
|}

: ''Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Fathy goal.''&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot; /&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+List of international goals scored by Hamdy Fathy
!No.
!Date
!Venue
!Opponent
!Score
!Result
!Competition
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|14 October 2019
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Borg El Arab Stadium]], [[Alexandria]], Egypt
|{{fb|BOT}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |[[Exhibition game#Association football|Friendly]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|7 November 2019
|{{fb|LBR}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
|12 October 2023
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Hazza bin Zayed Stadium]], [[Abu Dhabi]], United Arab Emirates
|{{fb|ZAM}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
|16 October 2023
|{{fb|ALG}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–1
|}

== Àwọn Ọlá ==
'''Al Ahly'''

* [[Egyptian Premier League]]: [[2018–19 Egyptian Premier League|2018–19]], [[2019–20 Egyptian Premier League|2019–20]], [[2022–23 Egyptian Premier League|2022–23]]
* [[Egypt Cup]]: [[2019–20 Egypt Cup|2019–20]], [[2021–22 Egypt Cup|2021–22]]
* [[Egyptian Super Cup]]: [[2018–19 Egyptian Super Cup|2018–19]], [[2021–22 Egyptian Super Cup|2021–22]], 2022–23
* [[CAF Champions League]]: [[2019–20 CAF Champions League|2019–20]], [[2020–21 CAF Champions League|2020–21]], [[2022–23 CAF Champions League|2022–23]]
* [[CAF Super Cup]]: [[2021 CAF Super Cup (May)|2021 (May)]], [[2021 CAF Super Cup (December)|2021 (December)]]

'''Al-Wakrah'''

* [[Qatar Cup]]: [[2024 Qatar Cup|2024]]

== Àwón ítókasi ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

* [https://www.efa.com.eg/ar/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%8A/ Profile] at the Egyptian Football Association website {{in lang|ar}}
* {{UEFA player}}

{{Al-Wakrah SC squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Egypt squads|bg=#DD0000|fg=white|bordercolor=black|list1={{Egypt squad 2021 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2023 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{2022–23 Egyptian Premier League Team of the Season}}</text>
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    <title>Mai Atafo</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372186482|Mai Atafo]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox person|name=Mai Atafo|image=Mai Atafo at AMVCA 2020.jpg|imagesize=|alt=|caption=Mai Atafo at [[2020 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]]|birth_name=Ohimai Atafo|birth_date=|birth_place=Ile-Ife, Osun|other_names=|occupation=[[Tailor|Fashion Tailor]]|spouse=|children=|parents=|education=[[City, University of London]]|yearsactive=|website=}}


'''Ohimai Atafo''' ti a mọ si '''Mai Atafo''' ni ojogbon jẹ apẹẹrẹ aṣọ ara ilu Naijiria ti a mọ fun ami iyasọtọ rẹ, ''Mai Atafo'' . Ó gba ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Savile Rowní Leeds, United Kingdom, láti di onímọ̀ aṣọ tó mọṣẹ́.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2014-06-20}} &lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
A bí Atafo ní Ilé-Ife, Ìpínlẹ̀ Osun, ó sì wá láti ìdílé àwọn ọmọ mẹ́sàn-án. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mai-atafo-mai-atafo-biography-mai-atafo-wikipedia-mai-atafo-profile-about-mai-atafo/|title=10 Spectacular Things About Popular Stylist And Designer, Mai Atafo|date=2017-03-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó fẹ́ Christine Atafo, wọ́n sì bí ọmọ kan papọ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Nígbà tí Atafo padà dé láti United Kingdom ní ọdún 2002, ó di oríṣiríṣi ipò ní ẹ̀ka títà ọjà ní Sìgá ti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì Amẹ́ríkà ní Nàìjíríà . Lẹ́yìn náà, ó kó lọ sí Guinness Nigeria níbi tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Àmì-ìdámọ̀ títí di ìgbà tí ó fi fẹ̀yìntì sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2010. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-06-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kí Atafo tó kúrò ní Guinness Nàìjíríà, ó dá ilé iṣẹ́ aṣọ ''Mai Atafo Inspired'' sílẹ̀, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/i-quit-as-a-manager-in-guinness-to-go-into-fashion-mai-atafo-celebrity-clothier/|title=I quit as a manager in Guinness to go into fashion –Mai Atafo, celebrity clothier}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó gba àfiyèsí àwọn gbajúmọ̀ bíi Omowunmi Akinnifesi,  Banky W, àti IK Osakioduwa . Ó ṣiṣẹ́ fún ìgbà díẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olóòtú Àṣọ fún ''ìwé ìròyìn Genevieve'' . 

Ní ọdún 2011, Mai Atafo Inspired ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ìlà ìgbéyàwó kan tí a pè ní &quot;Ìgbéyàwó láti ọwọ́ Mai&quot;. 

Atafo n ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Ìṣẹ̀dá ti Mai Atafo Inspired. Ni afikun, o ni ipa Oludari Ilana ni ile-iṣẹ ipolowo Firehouse Group o si ṣiṣẹ gẹgẹbi emcee fun Miss Nigeria Pageant ni ọdun 2010. Ó tún jẹ́ olórí ìgbìmọ̀ iṣẹ́ fún Future Awards Central. 

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti yíyàn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Ọdún
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Ẹ̀ka
! Àbájáde
! Ìtọ́kasí
|-
| 2013
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àṣà Glitz
| ''Apẹẹrẹ Ọdún''|{{Won|Won}}
| 
|-
| 2015
| Ọ̀sẹ̀ Aṣọ àti Ìṣètò Heineken ní Èkó
| ''Apẹẹrẹ Aṣọ Ọkùnrin ti Ọdún''|{{Won|Won}}
| &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=November 1, 2015|title=PHOTOS: Maki Oh, Mai Atafo, Others Emerge Winners Of Fashion Award|url=https://www.legit.ng/624211-photos-maki-oh-mai-atafo-others-emerge-winners-fashion-award.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2017
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àṣà àti Àṣà Abryanz
| ''Àṣeyọrí Àmì Àṣà Ìgbésí Ayé/Àṣà''|{{Won|Won}}
| &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=1 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Akin Fakeye</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354931472|Akin Fakeye]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Akin Fakeye''' ( tí a bí '''ní''' ọdún 1936), fetis(i{{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Akin Fakeye.wav|Listen|help=no}}) jẹ́ ayàwòrán ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní ọ̀nà gbígbẹ́ igi .

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
Fakeye was born in 1936 in Ila Orangun,Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀ṣun, Nàìjíríà. Ìdílé Fakeye jẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ àwọn oníṣẹ́ ọnà Yorùbá tó ní ìran púpọ̀. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2009-04-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bàbá rẹ̀, Adewuyi Oguntunde Fakeye, jẹ́ ògbóǹkangí oníṣẹ́ ọnà. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àṣà ìbílẹ̀, baba Akin Fakeye kọ́ ọ ní iṣẹ́ ọnà gbígbẹ́ láti ọwọ́ baba rẹ̀. Nígbà tí baba rẹ̀ kú, Akin bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ́ṣẹ́ lábẹ́ àbúrò rẹ̀, Lamidi Fakeye, láti ọdún 1958 sí 1967. Ó gbé ara rẹ̀ kalẹ̀ ní ilé iṣẹ́ tirẹ̀ ní ọdún 1968. Láti ìgbà náà, ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ lórí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú àbúrò rẹ̀, ó sì ti kọ́ ogún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lẹ́kọ̀ọ́, títí bí Ayo Bankole àti àwọn ọmọkùnrin rẹ̀, Jimoh Fakeye, Sulaiman Fakeye, Akeem Fakeye àti Lukman Fakeye . Àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀ mẹ́rẹ̀ẹ̀rin ti di oníṣẹ́ ọnà gbẹ́nàgbẹ́nà ní ẹ̀tọ́ ara wọn báyìí, wọ́n sì ti dá àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tiwọn sílẹ̀.

Akin Fakeye jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Oníṣẹ́ Gbígbẹ́ Igi ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀yọ́; ẹgbẹ́ yìí wà láti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ èèyàn túbọ̀ mọrírì iṣẹ́ gbígbẹ́ igi tó pegedé, kí ó sì tún ran àwọn oníṣẹ́ gbígbẹ́ igi tuntun tó pegedé lọ́wọ́ láti dàgbà sókè nínú iṣẹ́ náà.

== Àwọn àkójọ ==
Àwọn iṣẹ́ Akin Fakeye wà nínú àwọn àkójọpọ̀ àdáni kan kárí ayé. Ó ní àwọn ìfihàn wọ̀nyí fún ìyìn rẹ̀:

* Mansah Gallery, Banjul, Gambia;
* Osun Osogbo Annual Festival, Osun Osogbo ;
* Ajọ-ori aworan Africraft;
* Ilé ìwòran àwòrán Megamurth Impression;
* Àkójọ àwòrán Aafak;
* Ile-iṣẹ Aṣojú Ilẹ Ọba Netherland – Abuja;
* Hótẹ́ẹ̀lì Sheraton &amp; àwọn ilé gogoro – Abuja;
* ibi ìkópamọ́ àwòrán ní Ìbàdàn;
* Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ àṣà ti ilẹ̀ Germany;
* Ẹ̀ka Ẹ̀kọ́ Áfíríkà Yunifásítì ti Ìbàdàn

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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{{Infobox artist|name=|image=|birth_date=1925|birth_place=|death_date={{death date|2009|12|25}}|alma_mater=|known_for=Sculpture}}

'''Lamidi Olonade Fakeye''' fetisi ⓘ (1925 – Ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n Oṣù Kejìlá, ọdún 2009) jẹ́ ọ̀mọ̀wé àti òṣèré-iṣẹ́-ọ̀nà gbígbẹ́-ère ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, tí ó sì wá láti ìran karùn-ún nínú ìdílé oníṣẹ́-ọ̀nà yìí. Ó wá láti agbo-ilé Inurin ní Àdúgbò Isedo ní ìlú Ìlá-Òràngún. Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n Lamidi kó ipa pàtàkì gidigidi nínú ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ gbígbẹ́-ère ní gbogbo orílẹ̀-èdè náà àti kọjá ààlà rẹ̀ pàápàá.

== Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
[[File:Nigeria,_lamidi_olonade_fakeye,_cavaliere,_1992.jpg|thumb| Àwòrán Ẹṣin Ẹṣin láti ọwọ́ Lamidi Fakeye]]
A bi Fakeye ni 1925 ni Ilu Ọrangun, Nigeria. Ó kọ́kọ́ gbẹ́ ère kan ní ọdún 1938 nígbà náà ni ó di ọmọ-ẹ̀kọ́ lábẹ́ auspice baba rẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gallery Ezakwantu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=April 26, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1949, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe ọmọ-ẹ̀kọ́ pẹ̀lú ògbóǹtarìgì oníṣẹ́ ọnà George Bamidele Arowoogun . &lt;ref name=&quot;MNH.si.edu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=April 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Ní ọdún 1955, ó lọ ṣiṣẹ́ ní Ile-iwe Alakọbẹrẹ Holy Cross ní Èkó, Nàìjíríà gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ni nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà. Ifihan akọkọ rẹ̀ ni a ṣe ni ọdun 1960 o si waye ni Ìgbìmọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ni Nàìjíríà. Ní ọdún 1962, wọ́n sọ ọ́ ní orúkọ olórin tí ó ń gbé ní Western Michigan University ní Kalamazoo, Michigan .  Ní ọdún 1964, wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí ààrẹ fún Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Òṣèré Ọjọ́gbọ́n ti Nàìjíríà, ní ọdún kan náà tí ìfihàn rẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Ile-iṣẹ Iroyin ti Orilẹ-ede Amẹrika ni Nàìjíríà. Ní ọdún 1971, ìfihàn kan wáyé tí ó fi ìran mẹ́ta àwọn onígi Fakeye hàn ní Ibadan, Nàìjíríà. Wọ́n yàn án sí Ẹ̀ka Ẹ̀kọ́ Àwọn Ọ̀nà ní Yunifásítì Ilé-Ife ní ọdún 1978. Ní ọdún 1989, ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán ní ọ̀pọ̀ yunifásítì ní àwọn ìlú bíi [[Cleveland]] àti [[Pittsburgh]] . Ó tẹ̀ [[Ìwéìgbésíayéaraẹni|ìwé ìtàn ìgbésí ayé]] rẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 1996, ó sì ṣe àfihàn àtúnyẹ̀wò ní Hope College ní Holland, Michigan . &lt;ref name=&quot;MNH.si.edu&quot; /&gt; A ṣe ìfihàn iṣẹ́ ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ ní Smithsonian ní ọdún 1999, Ilé-iṣẹ́ Johfrim fún Iṣẹ́-ọnà àti Àpẹẹrẹ sì ń gbé díẹ̀ lára àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gallery Ezakwantu&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/scottish-lottery-partners-kakofoni-group-to-promote-african-arts/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=scottish lottery partners kakofoni group to promote african arts}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn ==

* 1989: Wọ́n fún ní ẹ̀bùn ẹ̀bùn pàtàkì [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀yọ́|ní ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo, Nàìjíríà]] &lt;ref name=&quot;MNH.si.edu&quot; /&gt;
* 1999: A yàn Kellogg gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórin àbẹ̀wò fún Michigan
* 2008: A pe orúkọ rẹ̀ ní Àpò Ìṣúra Ènìyàn Alààyè [[UNESCO]] .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=In celebration of a master carver|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2013/04/03/in-celebration-of-a-master-carver/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=8 October 2023|archivedate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fíìmù ==
Ní ọdún 2011, wọ́n ṣe fíìmù kan nípa ìgbésí ayé Fakeye tí àkọlé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Lamidi Olonade Fakeye: The Life of a Master Carver'' tí Joe Reese darí tí Elizabeth Morton sì kọ. 

== Ti kú ==
Fakeye ku ni Oṣu kejila ọjọ kárùndínlọ́gbọ̀n ọdun 2009, ni Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Ikú rẹ̀ jẹ́ nítorí àwọn ìṣòro lẹ́yìn iṣẹ́-abẹ prostate-cancer . 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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{{Infobox person|name=Lukman Alade Fakeye|birth_name=Lukman|birth_date=June 25 1983|birth_place=Ibadan|citizenship=Nigeria|education=The Polytechnic, Ibadan|occupation=Wood Carver, Sculptor|predecessor=Lamidi Olonade Fakeye|father=Akin Fakeye}}'''Lukman Alade Fakeye''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 1983,  ní ìlú Ìbàdàn ) jẹ́ oníṣẹ́ ọnà àti onígi ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[Ìran Yorùbá|Yorùbá]] ní Nàìjíríà .

== Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tó kéré jùlọ nínú ìdílé Fakeye tí wọ́n jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ oníṣẹ́-ọnà gbígbẹ́-igi, ó jẹ́ ọmọ-ẹ̀gbọ́n tàbí ọmọ-àbúrò fún Lamidi Olonade Fakeye, ẹni tí ó gbẹ́ àwọn ilẹ̀kùn fún &quot;African Room&quot; ní Kennedy Center ní Washington, D. C. Lukman bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú bàbá rẹ̀, Akin Fakeye, nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́sàn-án.

Lukman Alade Fakeye kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà àti àwòrán ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Gíga ti Polytechnic, Ìbàdàn, níbi tí wọ́n ti yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó dára jùlọ nínú àwòrán nígbà méjì.  . Àwọn iṣẹ́ Fakeye ni a lè rí nínú àwọn àkójọpọ̀ gbogbogbò àti ti ara ẹni ní Nàìjíríà, Amẹ́ríkà, àti United Kingdom.

== Àwọn ìfihàn ==

* Ibi ìkópamọ́ àwòrán àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti Ibadan
* Osun Oshogbo Annual Festival with Wale Adelakun, 2000, and with Akindele Olufemi Olunloyo, 2006
* Aafak Art Gallery, [[Èkó|Lagos]], [[Nàìjíríà|Nigeria]], with Awotunde Adeniyi, 2002
* Àwòrán Megamurth Impression pẹ̀lú Seun Adeyemo
* Àkójọ àwòrán Africraft pẹ̀lú Rotimi Aderogba, ọdún 2005
* Ile-iṣẹ Aṣoju ti Netherlands ni [[Àbújá|Abuja]], ọdun 2001
* Mansah Gallery, [[Banjul|Banjul, The Gambia]], 2007

== Àwọn Àkíyèsí ==
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== Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100604033038/http://www.grainsofafrica.com/catalog/fakeye-yoruba-c-36.html Grains of Africa: Fakeye &amp; Yoruba Art]
* [http://www.folkcuba.com/botanica_ht/fakeye_hmpge1.html FolkCuba: Ìdílé Fakeye Àwọn Ọ̀nà Àṣà Yorùbá]
* [http://www.mnh.si.edu/africanvoices/gallery/lamidi/meet_the_artist.html Lamidi Fakeye]

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==

* Lamidi Olonade Fakeye. ''Lamidi Olonade Fakeye: Ifihan ati Itan-akọọlẹ Itan-akọọlẹ, Igbesi aye mi ati Awọn aworan'' . 1997.
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Ìbàdàn]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1983]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Alfa Apalara</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354931441|Alfa Apalara]]&quot;</comment>
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[[File:Almanac_1955_In_Memory_of_a_Martyr_(Apalara).jpg|thumb| Ọmọ- ẹ̀kọ́ ọmọ ...]]
'''Alfa Bisiriyu Apalara''' (1918–1953) je alufaa musulumi omo Yoruba ni Naijiria lati Eko . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zHyPAAAAMAAJ|title=Apalara the Martyr: Late Alfa Bisiriyu Apalara}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u84nAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=Bisiriyu+Apalara+Yoruba|title=Religion and Politics in Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ibẹrẹ awọn ọdun 1950, o ṣe ọpọlọpọ awọn ipade ihinrere ati ipe si Islam (Dawah) ni Ebute Metta ati Mushin; awọn ipade wọnyi ni ero kan pato: lati tako awọn ẹgbẹ aṣa Yoruba bii Oro ati Egungun, ati lati fa awọn ọmọlẹyin ẹsin ibile Afirika mọra si ẹsin Islam.{{sfn|Aderinto|Osifodunrin|2012|p=314}}Wọn pa a ni ọjọ kẹta oṣu Kini, ọdun 1953, wọn ko si ri oku rẹ rara.

== Ìgbésí ayé ==
A bí Apalara ní Itoko, ìlú kan ní etí ìlú Abeokuta; ó kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ nípa Kùránì ó sì gba ẹ̀kọ́ ìpìlẹ̀ kí ó tó lọ sí Èkó láti lọ ṣiṣẹ́ gbẹ́nàgbẹ́nà. {{Sfn|Aderinto|Osifodunrin|2012}} Ní ìlú Èkó, ó ń gbé ní Mushin, ìlú kan tí ó ní orúkọ rere gẹ́gẹ́ bí ilé àwọn ọmọ ìta. Nígbà tí Apalara ń gbé ní Mushin, ó ní ipa nínú àwọn apá búburú ìgbésí ayé ní àdúgbò. {{Sfn|Adeniran|2012}} Ní ọdún 1945, wọ́n fi í sẹ́wọ̀n nítorí ẹ̀sùn olè jíjà. Nígbà tí ó fi di ọdún 1950, Apalara ti ní ìyípadà kan, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbàdúrà déédéé àti ààwẹ̀. Ó kọ̀ láti fi ohun tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ sẹ́yìn sílẹ̀, ó sì tún kọ ìyàwó rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ kí ó lè mú ohunkóhun tó bá ti ṣẹlẹ̀ sẹ́yìn kúrò ní Mushin.

Ni ọdun 1950, Apalara ṣe ifilọlẹ ogun crusade kan. Àwọn ogun abẹ́lé ni wọ́n sábà máa ń ṣe ní Ebute Metta àti Mushin, nígbà gbogbo ní òpópónà tàbí ní oríta òpópónà méjì tàbí mẹ́ta. Apalara jẹ́ oníwàásù tó mọ ọ̀rọ̀ sọ, kò sì pẹ́ tí ọ̀pọ̀ èèyàn fi ní àwọn ọmọ ẹ̀yìn, tí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ wọn sì jẹ́ obìnrin. Ìwàásù rẹ̀ dá lórí dídá àwọn ìwà àìṣòdodo, àwọn Mùsùlùmí aláìlágbára àti àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ìsìn àtọwọ́dọ́wọ́ lẹ́bi. Àwọn kan lára àwọn ará ìlú Mùsùlùmí ló bọ̀wọ̀ fún un, wọ́n sì fi ṣe olórí àlùfáà mọ́sálásí kan ní orílẹ̀-èdè Mùsùlùmí. Ó tún jẹ́ oníwà ipá nínú ìwàásù rẹ̀ lòdì sí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ìbílẹ̀.

Ní ọdún 1951, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ìjà pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹgbẹ́ òkùnkùn àti àwọn ìbòjú ní Mushin, nígbà tí ó ń ṣe ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwàásù rẹ̀ ní gbangba, ẹgbẹ́ òkùnkùn kan àti ìbòjú rẹ̀ tí wọ́n ń lò nígbà tí wọ́n ń lọ ṣe àwọn àṣà ìbílẹ̀ gbìyànjú láti kọjá ọ̀kan lára àwọn ogun ìsìn rẹ̀ ṣùgbọ́n ìjọ Apalara dí wọn lọ́wọ́ nítorí ìgbìmọ̀ Apalara. Ija naa gba iṣẹju diẹ, awọn ẹgbẹ oṣelu ati awọn aṣiwère naa si pada sẹhin. Ní ọdún 1952, irú ipò kan náà ṣẹlẹ̀ tí ó yọrí sí ìjà láàárín ẹgbẹ́ àwọn arúfin àti àwọn olùtìlẹ́yìn Apalara. {{Sfn|Aderinto|Osifodunrin|2012}} Lẹ́yìn náà, ó ń gba ìhalẹ̀mọ́ni sí ẹ̀mí rẹ̀ nígbà gbogbo.

== Ikú ==
Ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 1953, wọ́n pe Apalara láti wá wàásù ní Oko Baba, agbègbè kan ní Ebute Metta àti ibi tí àwọn ẹlẹ́sìn ìsìn ti gbóná sí. Apalara gba àwọn ìhalẹ̀mọ́ni tí wọ́n fi kàn án, ó sì san owó iṣẹ́ ọlọ́pàá kan fún ogun tí ó jà ní Oko Baba. Ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kìíní ọdún 1953 nígbà tí wọ́n ń wàásù ní Oko Baba, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ẹlẹ́sìn, ọlọ́pàá àti ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọmọ ìjọ rẹ̀ sá lọ. Ohun kan gbá a, wọ́n sì kọ́kọ́ fà á wọ ilé kan tó wà nítòsí. Fífà òkú Apalara sí ilé ni ìgbà ìkẹyìn tí ẹnìkan tí kò ní ìsopọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìpànìyàn rẹ̀ rí Apalara.

Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1953, àwọn adájọ́ kan dájọ́ ikú nípa síso àwọn ènìyàn mọ́kànlá tí wọ́n rí pé wọ́n jẹ̀bi nínú ìpànìyàn náà.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 1953]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1918]]</text>
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    <title>Sàngódáre Gbádégesin Àjàlá</title>
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'''Sàngódáre Gbádégesin Àjàlá''' (1948–2021) Ó jẹ́ òṣèré-oníṣọ̀nà ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó kọjú sí iṣẹ́ yíyà àwòrán sí ara aṣọ pẹ̀lú ọwọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Venice Biennale 2024|url=https://universes.art/en/venice-biennale/2024/foreigners-everywhere-tour-5/sangodare-gbadegesin-ajala|publisher=Universes.art}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;fejzula2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Fejzula|first1=Merve|title=Ṣàngódáre Gbádégẹsin Àjàlá|url=https://www.labiennale.org/en/art/2024/nucleo-contemporaneo/s%CC%A3a%CC%80ngo%CC%81da%CC%81re-gba%CC%81de%CC%81ge%CC%A3sin-a%CC%80ja%CC%80la%CC%81|publisher=Venice Biennale}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àfihàn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní ibi ìṣàfihàn pàtàkì ti Venice Biennale kẹrìndínláàádọ́ta (60th) ní ọdún 2024. 

Àjàlá jẹ́ ọmọ Yorùbá . Kò gba ẹ̀kọ́ kankan, ó sì kọ́ ara rẹ̀. Fún ìgbà pípẹ́, ó gbé ní ilé Susanne Wenger, ó sì kà á sí ìyá tí ó gbà á tọ́.  Àlùfáà ọlọ́run [[Ṣàngó|Shango]] ni iṣẹ́ pàtàkì Àjàlá.  Nítorí náà, Àjàlá ní ìmọ̀ tó jinlẹ̀ nípa àwọ̀ ìbílẹ̀ Yorùbá, ó sì lò ó nínú batik rẹ̀, nígbà míìrán ó máa ń lo àwọ̀ tó tó mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n. 

Ní ọdún 2014, a ṣe ìrìn àjò kan (márùndínlọ́gbọ̀n) {{Convert|25|ft|m}} batik gígùn ''Oro Sise:'' Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ìṣòwò Saïd ní Yunifásítì Oxford ló ra ìwé náà, wọ́n sì fi hàn án. &lt;ref name=&quot;modern_ghana&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372325499|Erhabor Emokpae]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox artist|name=Erhabor Emokpae|image=|imagesize=|alt=|caption=|nationality=|movement=Society of Nigeria Artists&lt;br /&gt;Lagos Arts Council|website=}}'''Erhabor''' '''Ogieva''' '''Emokpae''' OON(Ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 1934 – Ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kejì ọdún 1984) jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ nínú iṣẹ́ gbígbẹ́ ère, yíyà àwòrán lórí ògiri, iṣẹ́ ọnà oní-fọ́ọ̀mù (graphic art) àti yíyà àwòrán; a sì kà á sí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn aṣáájú nínú iṣẹ́ ọnà òde-òní ní Nàìjíríà.[1] Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tí ó lókìkí pẹ̀lú ère idẹ tí a ṣe ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ibòmọ́jú eyín-erin ti Ayaba Idia—èyí tí wọ́n lò gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì-ìdánimọ̀ fún Àjọyọ̀ Àgbáyé Kejì ti Àṣà àti Iṣẹ́ Ọnà ti Àwọn Dúdú àti Àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà (FESTAC 77)[2]—àti àwòrán Ayaba Amina tí ó gbajúmọ̀. Òun náà ló tún ṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀ṣọ́ tí ó wà ní ẹnu-ọ̀nà mẹ́rin ti ilé National Arts Theatre ní ìlú Èkó. &lt;ref name=&quot;EruvbetineMba1991&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author1=Agwonorobo Enaeme Eruvbetine|author2=Nina Emma Mba|title=The Humanities and National Development in Nigeria|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OWEjAQAAIAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Nelson Publishers|isbn=978-978-126-175-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Erhabor Emokpae, ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ Oredo ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Edo, ní ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1934, baba rẹ̀ jẹ́ olóyè ààfin [[Ìran Ẹdó|Bini]] Ewekagosadoba, ìyá rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ Mùsùlùmí láti ìlú Benin . Lẹ́yìn tí ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Ìjọba àdúgbò, [[Ìlú Benin|Benin]], ní ọdún 1949, Emokpae wọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Western Boys, Benin, ní ọdún kan náà, ó sì kúrò ní ọdún 1951. Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà ní Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìṣòwò Ìjọba (tí a mọ̀ sí Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Imọ-ẹrọ ti Yaba báyìí) ní Èkó láti ọdún 1951 sí 1953. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|location=London, U.K.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà ní England ní ọdún 1963.  Ìgbésẹ̀ ìgbà tí wọ́n tọ́ ọ dàgbà mú kí ó máa ronú lórí àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ nípa ìṣẹ̀dá méjì nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀.  

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Lẹ́yìn tí ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Yaba Trade Centre, Emokpae kópa nínú ìfihàn ọdún 1950 ''ti Àjọyọ̀ Iṣẹ́ Ọ̀nà'' ní ìlú Èkó, kí ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ àti ayàwòrán ìṣòwò láàárín ọdún 1954 sí 1958 ní Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìròyìn ní Enugu, lẹ́yìn tí Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìròyìn Àpapọ̀ gbà á síṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán ní ọdún 1953. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Nigeria Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w00uAQAAIAAJ|year=1966}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 1958, ó kó lọ sí Èkó, ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn Ìpolówó ní Ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà (tí a mọ̀ sí Lintas West Africa báyìí, Èkó) sì gbà á síṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán oníṣẹ́ ọnà. Wọ́n gbé e ga gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Ìpolówó Ìṣẹ̀dá Àgbà ní ọdún 1966, àti ní ọdún 1973 ó di Olùdarí Ìṣẹ̀dá ti ilé-iṣẹ́ náà. Wọ́n kà á sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Oṣèré-àwòrán ti Nàìjíríà,ẹgbẹ́ kan tí ó ti di akọ̀wé láti ọdún 1967 sí 1975. Ó tún jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Ìgbìmọ̀ Ọ̀nà ní Èkó, ó sì di akọ̀wé ní ọdún 1965. &lt;ref name=&quot;Duckworth1984&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Nigeria Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjvjAAAAMAAJ|year=1984}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn iṣẹ́ àti àwọn ìfihàn ==
Nígbà ayé rẹ̀, Emokpae bẹ̀rẹ̀ àti ṣe ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìfihàn ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè pẹ̀lú [[Nàìjíríà]], Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Jámánì, England àti Brazil . Ó tún kópa nínú àwọn ìfihàn àpapọ̀ bíi ''Iṣẹ́-ọnà Áfíríkà ti Ìgbàlódé, Camden Art Centre, London, Àwọn Iṣẹ́-ọnà Títẹ̀ àti Àwòrán Kíkun ti Nàìjíríà ti Ìgbàlódé'' àti Ayẹyẹ Iṣẹ́-ọnà ti Ife, Ẹ̀dà Kẹrin ti Yunifásítì Ife ní ọdún 1971. 

Ní ọdún 1973, ó ṣe àwòkọ ìbòjú eyín erin ti Benin gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì ìjọ́ba fún [[FESTAC 77]] . Wọ́n tún yàn án láti ṣe àwòrán àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ idẹ ní ibi ìdáná àti ẹnu ọ̀nà ti National Arts Theatre ní ọdún 1974. 

== Ìdámọ̀ ==
Láti fi hàn pé òun mọrírì àwọn àfikún rẹ̀, Shehu Shagari fún un ní iṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú Oṣiṣẹ ti Ẹgbẹ́ ti Niger ní ọdún 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;Ugowe2000&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author1=Christopher Osadiaye Orumwese Ugowe|title=Eminent Nigerians of the twentieth century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cYEuAQAAIAAJ|year=2000|publisher=Hugo Books|isbn=978-978-33328-3-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
Ọmọ rẹ̀ Isaac Emokpae tún jẹ́ ayàwòrán àti oníṣẹ́ ọnà tó gbajúmọ̀.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Chike Onuorah</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345378968|Chike Onuorah]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Chike Onuorah''' (tí a bí ní ọdún 1967) ti a tun mọ si D'Artist jẹ olorin ati oluyaworan akoko Naijiria kan. Iṣẹ rẹ da lori awọn oriṣiriṣi awọn akori ati pe o funni ni akiyesi pataki si kikun awọn eeya obinrin ti n ṣe afihan iye wọn ati awọn ilowosi eto-ọrọ-aje si awujọ. O nlo awọn ọna ti ara ẹni ti o pe eedu lori kanfasi ati fifọ kanfasi ti o ṣe apejuwe bi Crackillino, Splashillino, Plastillino ati Grassillino.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=CHIKE ONUORAH (2011)|url=https://www.africanartswithtaj.com/2011/11/chike-onuorah-2011.html|access-date=2023-12-18|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;O ṣe ifihan adashe olodoodun ni orilẹ-ede Naijiria ati ni awọn orilẹ-ede ajeji ati pe awọn iṣẹ rẹ wa ni ifihan ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ibi-aworan pẹlu Ovico Gallery ni St Augustine County, Florida, United States ti n ṣafihan ni pataki awọn iṣẹ rẹ. Onuorah jẹ ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti ọpọlọpọ awọn awujọ ti awọn oṣere pẹlu Society of Nigerian Artists (SNA) ati Atlanta Society of Artists ni AMẸRIKA. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-07-03|title=A journey through discerning minds of Onuorah|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/art/a-journey-through-discerning-minds-of-onuorah/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ̀kọ́ àti iṣẹ́ ==
A bí Chike Onuorah ní ọdún 1967 ní àkókò Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà. Ó lọ sí ilé-ìwé Federal Government College ní Port Harcourt, ó sì kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́-ọnà (fine art) ní Yunifásítì ti Benin, níbi tí ó ti parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1988. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré-ọnà tí iṣẹ́ yẹn jẹ́ iṣẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀, Onuorah máa ń lo àwọn àwọ̀ 'oil' àti 'acrylic'; òun sì ni olùpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀nà tuntun bíi lílo èédú (charcoal) lórí aṣọ-ìyàwòrán (canvas) àti ṣíṣe kí aṣọ-ìyàwòrán náà ní àwọn àlàfo tàbí ìfọ́ (cracking), èyí tí ó pe ní crackillino, splashillino, plastillino, àti grassillino.  Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ dá lórí oríṣiríṣi àkòrí, ó fún àwọn obìnrin ní àfiyèsí pàtàkì nínú àwòrán rẹ̀ tó fi wọ́n hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn obìnrin tó wúlò, tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ kára àti ẹni tó ṣeé gbẹ́kẹ̀lé. Àwọn ìfihàn rẹ̀ tí ó dá nìkan ni a pè ní ''Commitment, Ìtara àti Ohun tí Kò Ní Òpin.'' ''ní àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó fúnni níṣìírí.'' Nínú ìfihàn rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2010 ní Terra Kulture, [[Èkó]], tí ó ní àkọlé ''Commision'', Onuroah gbé àwòrán obìnrin kan tí ó ní ọwọ́ mẹ́ta tí ó gbé ọmọ rẹ̀ kalẹ̀. Onuorah sọ pé obìnrin nílò ìfọkànsìn àti ọwọ́ mẹ́ta láti kọ́ ọmọ; ọ̀kan láti nífẹ̀ẹ́, òmíràn láti tọ́jú àti ọwọ́ kẹta tí í ṣe ìbáwí ni ọwọ́ tó gùn jùlọ nínú ọwọ́ mẹ́ta tí ó ṣàlàyé pé ìbáwí ṣe pàtàkì nínú títọ́ ọmọ dàgbà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=|title=On occasion of Women's day, D'Artist press for progress|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/art/on-occasion-of-womens-day-dartist-press-for-progress/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2023-12-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ sábà máa ń ní àwọn ewì tí ó ń ṣàlàyé nípa ewì, àwọn ìhìn tí àwòrán náà fi hàn. Ó ti ṣe àfihàn àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè bíi Senegal, Jẹ́mánì, Jamaica, United Kingdom àti United States. Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ló gbajúmọ̀ ní Ovico Gallery ní St. Augustine, Florida, Amẹ́ríkà. Àwòrán náà ṣí sílẹ̀ láti fi àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà hàn ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn.  Chike jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Nigerian Society of artists, Atlanta Society of Artists, àti St. Augustine Arts Association. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350630905|Suraj Abdurrahman]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox officeholder|name=Suraj Abdurrahman|honorific_prefix=[[Major-general (Nigeria)|Major general]]|honorific_suffix=[[Commander of the Order of the Niger|CON]]|image=Suraj Abdurrahman (4618446285) (cropped).jpg|caption=|image_size=|office=[[Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces (Liberia)|Command Officer in Charge of the Armed Forces of Liberia]]|president=[[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]]|term_start=6 June 2007|term_end=11 February 2014|predecessor=Maj-Gen. [[Luka Yusuf]]|successor=Maj-Gen. Daniel Dee Ziankhan|birth_name=Suraj Alao Abdurrahman|birth_date={{Birth date|1954|09|09|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Kaduna (city)|Kaduna]], [[Northern Nigeria|Northern Region]], [[British Nigeria]] (now in [[Kaduna State]], Nigeria)|death_date={{death date and age|df=y|2015|01|28|1954|09|09}}|death_place=[[New York City, New York]], U.S.|party=|education={{plainlist|
*[[Ahmadu Bello University]], [[Zaria]]
*[[Nigerian Defence Academy]], [[Kaduna (city)|Kaduna]]
*[[Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji]] (AFCSC)
*[[National War College]]
*[[Heriot-Watt University]], [[Edinburgh]]
}}|allegiance={{flag|Nigeria}}&lt;br&gt;{{flag|Liberia}}|branch={{Army|Nigeria}}&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of the Armed Forces of Liberia.svg|20px]] [[Armed Forces of Liberia]]|rank=[[File:Nigeria-Army-OF-7.svg|20px]] [[Major-general (Nigeria)|Major general]]}}

'''Suraj Alao Abdurrahman''' listen ⓘ CON (ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án oṣù Kẹsàn-án ọdún 1954 – ọjọ́ kejidilọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kínní ọdún 2015), jẹ́ ọ̀gágun nínú Ẹ̀ka Ogun Nàìjíríà&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Major General Suraj Alao Abdurrahman|url=https://www.bundesheer.at/wissen-forschung/publikationen/person.php?id=859|website=www.bundesheer.at|access-date=2020-05-05|archive-date=22 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122003920/https://www.bundesheer.at/wissen-forschung/publikationen/person.php?id=859|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;, ẹni tí ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olórí Àṣẹ fún Àwọn Ẹ̀ka Ogun ti orílẹ̀-èdè Liberia, nígbà tí ààrẹ orílẹ̀-èdè Liberia tẹ́lẹ̀ rí, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, jẹ́ Olórí Àṣẹ Gbogbogbòò. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQWhAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA949|title=Worldwide Government Directory with Intergovernmental Organizations 2013|access-date=30 June 2020|archive-date=1 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=allafrica.com|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201501291077.html|archivedate=15 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ààrẹ Johnson Sirleaf nígbà náà ti sọ, General Abdurrahman “jẹ́ ọ̀gágun ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n tó tayọ, ẹni tí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gbé àwọn ọmọ ogun Liberia ga sí ipò gíga nínú iṣẹ́ wọn, tí ó sì gbé àwọn ọmọ ogun wa sí àárín àwọn olùtọ́jú àlàáfíà UN”. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=8 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=27 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
Wọ́n bí Abdurrahman ní Kaduna níbi tí ó ti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní LEA Primary School, kí ó tó lọ sí Keffi Government College fún ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀. Ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìpele àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìdánwò ìwé ẹ̀rí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà ní ọdún 1972. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó tẹ̀síwájú sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Ẹ̀kọ́ Àkọ́kọ́ ti Yunifásítì Ahmadu Bello ní [[Zaria]] títí di oṣù Keje ọdún 1973 nígbà tí wọ́n gbà á sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Ìgbèjà Nàìjíríà ní Kaduna gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun onígbà-díẹ̀ kẹrìnlá. Ní ọdún 1975, wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Lieutenant Kejì sínú ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun Nigeria Army Corps of Engineers. Abdurrahman ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipò olórí, olùkọ́ àti òṣìṣẹ́ ní àkókò iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní agbègbè àti ní àgbáyé. Ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2007, ó di olórí àwọn ètò àti ètò fún ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Láti ipò yẹn ni wọ́n ti yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olórí Àwọn Ọmọ-ogun ti Liberia. Ó ṣe àkóso AFL láti ọjọ́ kẹfà Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2007 sí ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kejì ọdún 2014, nígbà tí ó fi agbára lé Ọ̀gá Liberia kan lọ́wọ́.

Nígbà tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́, Ọ̀gágun Abdurrahman lọ sí oríṣiríṣi ẹ̀kọ́ ológun àti ti ìjọba. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti Nigerian Army School of Military Engineers (NASME), Ile-ẹkọ giga fun Awọn Alakoso ati Oṣiṣẹ ti Awọn Ẹgbẹ Olugbeja Naijiria (AFCSC) àti National War College níbi tí ó ti parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ọlá. Abdurrahman padà sí Yunifásítì Ahmadu Bello fún ẹ̀kọ́ ìjìnlẹ̀ ní ọdún 1979 àti ìwé ẹ̀rí master ní ọdún 1981, ó sì parí ẹ̀kọ́ PhD látiYunifásítì Heriot-Watt ní Edinburgh ní ọdún 1985. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Suraj Alao Abdurahmann|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VxooMwEACAAJ|title=The Housing of Soldiers in Military Barracks|access-date=February 28, 2014|archive-date=1 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Ikú ==
Ó kú ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kìíní ọdún 2015 ní ìlú New York . Ààrẹ Ellen Johnson Sirleaf fi ìránṣẹ́ ìbánikẹ́dùn ránṣẹ́ sí ìjọba Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=27 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; O si ye iyawo rẹ, Fatima Wali-Abdurrahman ati awọn ọmọ rẹ ọmọkunrin mẹrin, Surajudeen, Abduljabbar, Abdulaziz ati Abdulmalik. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ọlá àti àmì ẹ̀yẹ ==
Abdurrahman gba Olórí Ẹgbẹ́ ti Niger (CON) tí Ààrẹ Nàìjíríà fún un ní ọdún 2014. Ó tún jẹ́ ẹni tí ó gba ẹ̀bùn ọlá orílẹ̀-èdè ti “Knight Commander” nínú ètò ìdàgbàsókè ọmọnìyàn ti African Redemption láti ọwọ́ Ààrẹ Liberia ní ọdún 2014, Ọ̀gá Àgbà ti Order of the Niger (OON) láti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 2007 àti ọlá ológun gíga jùlọ ní Liberia, Ààrẹ Ìṣẹ́ Àṣàyàn (DSO) láti ọwọ́ Ààrẹ Liberia ní ọdún 2009. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=3 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìpàdé ==

:* Ikẹkọ GSO 3, Ile-iṣẹ Awọn Onimọ-ẹrọ Ọmọ-ogun Naijiria, [[Èkó|Eko]] (1976/77)
:* Olórí Òṣìṣẹ́ Àwòrán Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ọmọ-ogun, [[Èkó]] (1981/83)
:* Olùkọ́ni, Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ Ológun, [[Makurdi]] (1986/88)
:* Olórí Àgbà, Ẹgbẹ́ Onímọ̀-ẹ̀rọ Àtìlẹ́yìn 21, [[Kàdúná|Kaduna]] (1989/91)
:* Olùwòran Ológun, Ìgbìmọ̀ Olùwòran [[Kùwéìtì|Ológun]] ti Ìpínlẹ̀ [[Irak|Iraq]], (1991/92)
:* Olórí Àgbà, Ẹgbẹ́ Onímọ̀ Ẹ̀rọ Iṣẹ́-ẹ̀rọ 13, Jos (1992/93)
:* Olùdarí Àwọn Òṣìṣẹ́, [[Command and Staff College, Jaji|Kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì Àṣẹ àti Òṣìṣẹ́, Jaji]] (1993/95)
:* Olùdarí Àwọn Òṣìṣẹ́, Kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì Àwọn Òṣìṣẹ́ àti Àṣẹ [[Gánà|ní Ghana]], Teshi (1995/97)
:* Iṣẹ́ Àwọn Ọ̀gágun, Olórí Ẹgbẹ́ Ọmọ-ogun, [[Èkó]] (1997/99)
:* Alakoso, 43 Engineer Brigade, [[Jos]] (1999/2000)
:* Olùdarí Ilé Ológun, Onímọ̀-ẹ̀rọ Ológun, [[Èkó]] (2001/2002)
:* Olùdarí Àwọn Òṣìṣẹ́, Kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì Ogun Orílẹ̀-èdè, [[Àbújá|Abuja]] (2002/2004)
:* Olùdarí Iṣẹ́, DAOPs (AHQ), Abuja (2004)
:* Olùdarí Ìlànà (2005)
:* Olórí Àwọn Ìlànà àti Ìṣirò Olórí Ẹgbẹ́ Ọmọ-ogun (2006/2007) &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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      <id>636180</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:05:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350633092|Ibrahim Bunu]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox officeholder|name=Ibrahim Bunu|image=|image_size=150px|office1=[[Federal Capital Territory Minister]]|term_start1=29 May 1999|term_end1=February 2001|predecessor1=[[Mamman Kontagora]]|successor1=[[Mohammed Abba Gana]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1950|12|25}}|birth_place=[[Ngala]], [[Borno State]], [[Nigeria]]|party=|Educational background=}}


'''Ibrahim Bunu''' jẹ́ ayàwòrán ilé àti Mínísítà fún agbègbè ìjọba àpapọ̀ (FCT), Nàìjíríà ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìjọba olómìnira kẹrin ti Nàìjíríà, ó sì wà ní ipò láti oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1999 títí di oṣù kejì ọdún 2001 nínú ìgbìmọ̀ Ààrẹ Olusegun Obasanjo . Wọ́n fi Engineer Mohammed Abba Gana, tí òun náà jẹ́ ọmọ ìpínlẹ̀ Borno, rọ́pò rẹ̀ nínú àtúnṣe àwọn ilé ìgbìmọ̀ ní oṣù kejì ọdún 2001. 

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
A bí Bunu ní ọjọ́ karùndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1950 ní Ngala, ìpínlẹ̀ Borno . Ní ọdún 1982, wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Ìpínlẹ̀, Ilé àti Àyíká. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The Nigerian government, Volume 1|author=The Nigerian Government|publisher=Federal Department of Information, Domestic Publicity Division}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bunu ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn Ilé Gogoro ti Ilé-iṣẹ́ Epo Oil ti Orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà (NNPC) ní Abuja . 

Ní oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2008, Ìgbìmọ̀ Àgbà fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin lórí Agbègbè Olú-ìlú Àpapọ̀ (FCT) pe Bunu àti àwọn mínísítà FCT mìíràn láti gbèjà ìgbésẹ̀ wọn nípa pípín ilẹ̀, yíyọkúrò àti títà àwọn ilé Ìjọba Àpapọ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n wà nípò. 

Ní oṣù kẹta ọdún 2010, Ààrẹ Goodluck Jonathan gbé Ìgbìmọ̀ Ìṣàyẹ̀wò Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Àpapọ̀ kalẹ̀ tí Bunu ń darí “láti ṣe àyẹ̀wò àti láti pèsè ìwífún tó yẹ lórí ipò àwọn iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ Ìjọba Àpapọ̀ tí ń lọ lọ́wọ́ káàkiri orílẹ̀-èdè náà.” &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 13, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ ni Bunu wá sí abẹ́ ìkìmọ́lẹ̀ láti ṣàlàyé bí ó ṣe lè ṣe ìwádìí lórí “àwọn iṣẹ́ àkànṣe tí ń lọ lọ́wọ́” tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ nígbà ìṣàkóso rẹ̀ ní FCT. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1950]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Isaac Fola-Alade</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83907</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636184</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:11:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372336243|Isaac Fola-Alade]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>636184</origin>
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 {{Infobox architect|name=Isaac Fola-Alade|image=|caption=|parents=|birth_name=Isaac Folayan Alade|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1933|11|24}}|birth_place=Aramoko, [[Ekiti State]], Nigeria|death_date={{Death date and age|2021|6|19|1933|11|24|df=y}}|death_place=|spouse=Eunice Yemi Alade|children=5|significant_buildings={{unbulleted list|[[1004 Housing Estate]] |[[National Stadium, Lagos]]| Federal Secretariat building, Ikoyi, Lagos|Nigerian Embassy buildings}}|practice=Fola Alade Associates|significant_projects=[[Satellite Town, Lagos]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Tafawa Balewa Square]], Lagos|education=[[Christ's School Ado Ekiti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Ahmadu Bello University]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Architectural Association]], London|awards=|signature=}}

'''Isaac Folayan Alade''' (ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1933 – ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún Osu kẹfà ọdún 2021) jẹ́ ayàwòrán ilé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. . &lt;ref name=&quot;akintoye&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6z4WAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=architect+fola+alade|title=Nigerian Bureaucracy: Development, Ecology &amp; Management|author=E. K. Akintoye|publisher=Alsun International}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==

=== Ẹ̀kọ́ ===
Isaac lo si St Phillips Elementary School ni Aramoko, [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkìtì|Ekiti]] ati Ilé-ìwé Kristi, Ado Ekiti fun eko girama. Ní ọdún 1961, ó jáde ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Naijiria fun Iṣẹ-ọnà, Imọ-jinlẹ ati Imọ-ẹrọ, Zaria (tó jẹ́ Yunifásítì Ahmadu Bello báyìí) gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára àwọn mẹ́rin àkọ́kọ́ tó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìkẹ́ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ní Ilé-ìwé Architectural Association fún Àwọn Ẹ̀kọ́ nípa Àgbègbè Gbigbóná (Tropical Studies), London, ní ọdún 1965, pẹ̀lú ẹ̀bùn ẹ̀kọ́ Commonwealth . &lt;ref name=&quot;ekiti&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=27 September 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ===
Lẹ́yìn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lẹ́yìn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ó di alábàáṣiṣẹpọ̀ pẹ̀lú Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) àti Ìgbìmọ̀ Tó Ń Forúkọ Àwọn Oníṣẹ́ Àwòrán Ilé Sílẹ̀ ní Orílẹ̀-èdè UK (ARCUK) ní ọdún 1963. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Ilé Iṣẹ́ Ìjọba Àpapọ̀ fún Àwọn Iṣẹ́ àti Ilé Gbígbé gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán ilé ní Western Region àtijọ́ àti lẹ́yìn náà ní Ìgbìmọ̀ Ilu Èkó. Ní ọdún 1969, ó di Akọ̀wé Àkọ́kọ́ fún Ìgbìmọ̀ Ìforúkọsílẹ̀ Àwọn Ayàwòrán ti Nàìjíríà (ARCON). Lẹ́yìn náà ló dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ ìjọba àpapọ̀. Ó di ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Royal Society of Health of the UK (FRSH) ní ọdún 1965. Ó di Olórí Àwọn Ayàwòrán Iṣẹ́ Àkànṣe ní ọdún 1972, àti Olùdarí Àwọn Ilé Gbogbogbòò ní ọdún 1975. Òun ni ayàwòrán ilé àkọ́kọ́ tó di Akọ̀wé Àpapọ̀ fún Àpapọ̀ ní ọdún 1976, ipò tó wà títí di ìgbà tó fẹ̀yìntì ní ọdún 1979, lẹ́yìn náà ló dá ilé ìtọ́jú rẹ̀ sílẹ̀, Fola Alade Associates, ní ọdún 1979.  Ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Akọ̀wé Àgbà fún Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Àwọn Ayàwòrán Orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Pro-Chancellor àti Alága Ìgbìmọ̀ Olùdarí ti Yunifásítì Àpapọ̀ ti Port Harcourt ní ọdún 1990. Wọ́n fún Fola Alade ní ẹ̀bùn OFR, ó sì di ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Àjọ awọn Oníṣẹ́-ọnà Ilé-kíkọ́ ti Nàìjíríà . O tun di oyè ibile pupọ pẹlu Maiyegun ti Aramoko. 

=== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ===
Fola Alade ni iyawo Yemi ni ọdun 1961. Wọ́n bí ọmọ márùn-ún. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j41tAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=architect+isaac+fola+alade+family+wife+children|title=This I Believe: The Philosophies and Personal Histories of 24 Eminent Nigerian Achievers}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fola Alade kú ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2021 ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlọ́gọ́rin &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Designer of 1004 Flats Housing Estate is Dead|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-west/468907-designer-of-1004-flats-housing-estate-is-dead.html|work=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn iṣẹ́ tí a yàn ==

* [[1004 Estate|1004 Housing Estate]], Victoria Island, Lagos.
* Ilé ìkọ̀wé ìjọba àpapọ̀, Ikoyi, Èkó.
* [[National Stadium, Lagos|Pápá Ìṣeré Orílẹ̀-èdè, Èkó]]
* Olobiri iranti, [[Tafawa Balewa Square]], Lagos. &lt;ref name=&quot;akintoye&quot; /&gt;
* [[Satellite Town, Lagos|Ìlú Satẹlaiti, Èkó]]
* Nigerian Airforce base, Ikeja.
* Ilé ẹ̀kọ́ nípa ìlànà àti ìmọ̀ ọgbọ́n orí ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, Kuru, ìpínlẹ̀ Plateau.
* Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ìdájọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè, Abuja.
* Àwọn ilé Ilé Iṣẹ́ Ààrẹ Nàìjíríà ní orílẹ̀-èdè 11. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0fRCAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=architect+fola+alade|title=The National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies :: the story so far (1979-1995)|last=Nathaniel Motunbade Adeyemi}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uGUuAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=architect+isaac+fola+alade|title=Isaac Fola Alade}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;ekiti&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EAOAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=architect+isaac+fola+alade|title=Africa Who's who (Know Africa)|last=Raph Uwechue}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vSTvAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=architect+isaac+fola+alade|title=2000 Foremost Nigerians: 200 profiles|last=Olugbemi Fatula}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x6Q-AQAAIAAJ&amp;q=architect+isaac+fola+alade+biography+career|title=Who's who in Nigeria|last=Bankole Makinde}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|access-date=26 September 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200604190344.html|title=Nigeria: Indigenes Charged On Community Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1933]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 2021]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ahmed Fatouh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83908</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636185</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:14:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Khodijah 157</username>
        <id>33008</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mó fi ìtumọ̀ sí ise apá agbaboolu ile Egypt</comment>
      <origin>636185</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13482" sha1="m2zmup4tqavg16rapckwytnu71dg5ng" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Egyptian footballer (born 1998)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Ahmed Fatouh|image=Elfotouh.jpg|image_size=|caption=Fatouh with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2021|full_name=Ahmed Mohamed Abou El Fotouh Mohamed&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=FIFA World Cup 2026™ – Squad List: Egypt (EGY) |publisher=FIFA |page=17 |date=19 July 2026 |access-date=21 July 2026 |archive-date=21 July 2026 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260721042044/https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{birth date and age|1998|03|22|df=y}}&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;/&gt;|birth_place=Cairo Egypt|height=1.77 m&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;/&gt;|position=[[Left-back]]/[[left wing-back]]|currentclub=[[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]]|clubnumber=13|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]]|years1=2016–|clubs1=[[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]]|caps1=132|goals1=4|years2=2016–2017|clubs2=→ [[ENPPI SC|ENPPI]] (loan)|caps2=50|goals2=10|years3=2019–2020|clubs3=→ [[Smouha SC|Smouha]] (loan)|caps3=33|goals3=0|nationalyears1={{0|0000}}–2018|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national under-20 football team|Egypt U20]]|nationalcaps1=7|nationalgoals1=1|nationalyears2=2016–2021|nationalteam2=[[Egypt national under-23 football team|Egypt U23]]|nationalcaps2=|nationalgoals2=|nationalyears3=2019–|nationalteam3=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps3=42|nationalgoals3=1|club-update=22 December 2025|nationalteam-update=|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|EGY}}}}
{{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2021 Africa Cup of Nations|2021 Cameroon]]|}}}}'''Ahmed Mohamed Abou El Fotouh Mohamed''' ({{langx|ar|أحمد محمد أبو الفتوح محمد}}; '''tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kẹta ọdún 1998), tí a kàn mọ̀ sí Ahmed Fatouh''' ({{langx|ar|أحمد فتوح}}), Jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ Zamalek ní Lígì Premier ti Egypt àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbèjà ní apá òsì tàbí agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá òsì tí ó tún máa ń gbèjà..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/ahmed-aboel-fettoh/480336/|title=Ahmed Abou El Fotouh - Player profile|work=Soccerway|accessdate=27 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ==

=== Zamalek ===
Wọn ya Fatouh si ẹgbẹ́ ENPPI laarin ọdun 2016 si 2017, wọn si tun ya a si ẹgbẹ́ Smouha laarin ọdun 2019 si 2020 ki o to pada si ẹgbẹ́ Zamalek, nibi ti o ti bẹrẹ si ni gba bọọlu fun ẹgbẹ́ akọkọ. Fatouh gba ami-eye agbabọọlu ti o dara julọ ni ipo aabo apa osi (left-back) fun saa ere idaraya ti ọdun 2021/2022..&lt;ref name=&quot;EFAwards2021-2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=2021 / 2022 Winners|url=https://efawards.com/index.php/2021-2022/|website=Egyptian Football Awards|publisher=EFAwards.com|access-date=23 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Láàárín ọdún 2018 sí 2025, Ahmed Fatouh yóò gba ife ẹ̀yẹ lìgì ní ìgbà méjì, ife ẹ̀yẹ ti orílẹ̀-èdè ní ìgbà mẹ́ta, àti àwọn ife ẹ̀yẹ CAF Confederation àti CAF Super Cup..&lt;ref name=&quot;AllFootballAhmedFatouh&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ahmed Fatouh News, Stats &amp; Transfer Latest|url=https://www.allfootballapp.com/player/50388573-ahmed-fatouh|website=All Football|publisher=All Football PTE. LTD.|access-date=23 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2026, Fatouh gba ife-ẹ̀yẹ liigi pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù rẹ̀ fún ìgbà kẹta, ó sì wá ní ipò kejì nínú ìdíje CAF Confederation lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun wọn nípasẹ̀ ìyàtọ̀ nínú títàbọ́ọ̀lù-ìjìyà (penalty shootout) lọ́wọ́ ẹgbẹ́ USM Alger ti orílẹ̀-èdè Algeria..&lt;ref name=&quot;BeINZamalekUSMAlger2026&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Zamalek vs USM Alger|url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-mena/football/caf-confederation-cup/zamalek-vs-usm-alger-2026-05-16#Team|website=beIN SPORTS|publisher=beIN SPORTS|date=16 May 2026|access-date=23 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AhramZamalekChampions2026&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Zamalek crowned Egyptian champions for first time since 2022|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/569383/Sports/Egyptian-Football/UPDATED-Zamalek-crowned-Egyptian-champions-for-fir.aspx|website=Ahram Online|publisher=Ahram Online|date=21 May 2026|access-date=23 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fatouh gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó dára jùlọ ní ipò olùgbèjà apá òsì fún àsìkò ìdíje náà..&lt;ref name=&quot;InstagramAhmedFatouh&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ahmed Fatouh|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DbRPwYlqxhs/|website=Instagram|publisher=Instagram|access-date=23 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé ==
Fatouh gba ife-eye Africa Cup of Nations ti awọn ti ko tii pe ọmọ ọdun mẹtalelogun (Under-23) ni ọdun 2019..&lt;ref name=&quot;AllFootballAhmedFatouh&quot; /&gt;

Fatouh kópa fún ilẹ̀ Egypt nínú eré ìparí ìdíje Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2021 lòdì sí Senegal.[1] Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n pè é sínú ẹgbẹ́ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́rìndínlógún-ó-lé-wáwàá (26) fún ìdíje Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2026..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/egypt-squad-named|title=Salah headlines Egypt squad|publisher=FIFA|date=20 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìṣirò iṣẹ́ ==

=== International goals ===

: ''Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Egypt defeat brave Libya 3-0 in the African qualifiers for the 2022 World Cup in Qatar.|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/8/108755/Egypt-defeat-brave-Libya-3-0-in-the-African-qualifiers|date=12 October 2021|access-date=8 February 2022|website=egypttoday.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!No.
!Date
!Venue
!Opponent
!Score
!Result
!Competition
|-
|1.
|11 October 2021
|[[Martyrs of February Stadium|Benina Martyrs Stadium]], [[Benghazi]], Libya
|{{fb|Libya}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–0
|[[2022 FIFA World Cup qualification – CAF second round|2022 FIFA World Cup qualification]]
|}

== Ìdánilójú ==
Ni ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2024, ìjàǹbá ọkọ̀ kan tí Aboul Fotouh fà lórí ọ̀nà Cairo sí Alexandria yọrí sí ikú ọkùnrin kan tí ó jẹ́ ẹni ọdún márùndínláàádọ́ta (55). Ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù, ẹni tí í ṣe olùṣọ́-àléjò (goalkeeper) Mohamed Sobhy, wà pẹ̀lú rẹ̀ nígbà náà. Àyẹ̀wò fi hàn pé Aboul Fotouh ti lo oògùn olóró kí ó tó wakọ̀ náà. Wọ́n fi í sí àtìmọ́lé fún ọjọ́ mẹ́rin nígbà tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìwádìí lórí ọ̀rọ̀ náà. Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù Kẹjọ, wọ́n fa àkókò àtìmọ́lé rẹ̀ gùn sí i fún ọjọ́ mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2024-08-13|title=تجديد حبس أحمد فتوح 15 يوما فى واقعة دهس أمين شرطة على طريق الساحل|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/8/13/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%B3-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD-15-%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%B3-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86/6672929|access-date=2024-08-25|website=اليوم السابع|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó kọ́kọ́ fara hàn nílé-ẹjọ́ ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún oṣù Kẹjọ. Wọ́n sun ẹjọ́ náà síwájú sí ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kẹsàn-án, yóò sì máa bá a nìṣó ní àtìmọ́lé..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=لاعب الزمالك من قفص الاتهام :&quot;لا أتعاطى المخدرات&quot;|url=https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/egypt/2024/08/19/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%81%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D8%A3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-|access-date=August 25, 2024|website=www.alarabiya.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kẹsàn-án, wọ́n tú Abou El Fotouh sílẹ̀ lórí owó ìdánilóhùn tó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún àádọ́ta (50,000) pọ́ùn-ùn ilẹ̀ Egypt, wọ́n sì ti ṣètò láti tún ọ̀rọ̀ ẹjọ́ náà yẹ̀wò ní ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù Kẹwàá..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/sport/1742122-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%82%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD|title=مصر.. قرار من المحكمة في قضية أحمد فتوح|publisher=Sky News Arabia|language=ar|date=16 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ile-ẹjọ́ Ọ̀daràn ti Matrouh pinnu láti sùn ìdájọ́ ẹjọ́ Aboul Fotouh sí ìpàdé ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kọkànlá fún gbígbọ́ ẹ̀bẹ̀. Àwọn mẹ́ńbà ẹbí ẹni tí ó jìyà náà wá sí ibi ìdájọ́ náà, wọ́n sì jẹ́wọ́ ìgbésẹ̀ ìrẹlàjà náà..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/10/22/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD-%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A9-16-%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A9/6750571|title=تأجيل محاكمة أحمد فتوح لجلسة 16 نوفمبر للمرافعة|publisher=youm7.com|language=ar|date=22 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2024, Ile-ẹjọ́ Ọ̀daràn ti Matrouh dá Aboul Fotouh lẹ́bi, ó sì pa á láṣẹ pé kí ó lo ọdún kan ní ẹ̀wọ̀n—èyí tí a óò dá dúró fún ọdún mẹ́ta—pẹ̀lú owó ìtanràn tó tó 20,000 EGP, wọ́n sì fagilé ìwé àṣẹ awakọ̀ rẹ̀. Wọ́n tún ṣe àdéhùn ní kọ̀tíwé láàárín agbábọ́ọ̀lù náà àti ẹbí ẹni tí ó pàdánù ẹ̀mí rẹ̀; nínú àdéhùn náà, Aboul Fotouh jẹ́jẹ́ láti san owó ẹ̀san ikú (blood money) tó tó mílíọ̀nù mẹ́wàá EGP fún ẹbí náà. Àdéhùn náà tún sọ pé àwọn ẹbí náà kì yóò tún gbé ẹjọ́ mìíràn dìde sí i..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/egypt/2024/11/16/سنة-مع-ايقاف-التنفيذ-الحكم-على-لاعب-الزمالك-أحمد-فتوح|title=سنة مع إيقاف التنفيذ.. الحكم على لاعب الزمالك أحمد فتوح|publisher=Al Arabiya|language=ar|date=16 November 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni ọjọ́ kẹsan-an oṣù Kejì ọdún 2025, ilé-ẹjọ́ kọ̀ àtakò tí Aboul Fotouh ṣe sí ìdájọ́ tí a ti dá a, wọ́n sì fi ìpinnu àkọ́kọ́ náà dúró, láìka àwọn ìsapá àwọn agbẹjọ́rò rẹ̀ láti tako ìpinnu náà sí..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2025/2/9/رفض-استئناف-أحمد-فتوح-لاعب-الزمالك-على-حكم-حبسه-سنة/6877746|title=رفض استئناف أحمد فتوح لاعب الزمالك على حكم حبسه سنة مع إيقاف التنفيذ|publisher=youm7.com|language=ar|date=9 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwón ólà ==

; Zamalek

* [[Egyptian Premier League]]: [[2020-21 Egyptian Premier League|2020-21]], [[2021–22 Egyptian Premier League|2021-22]], [[2025–26 Egyptian Premier League|2025–26]]
* [[Egypt Cup]]: [[2017–18 Egypt Cup|2017–18]], [[2020–21 Egypt Cup|2020–21]], [[2024–25 Egypt Cup|2024–25]]
* [[CAF Confederation Cup]]: [[2023–24 CAF Confederation Cup|2023–24]]
* [[CAF Super Cup]]: [[2024 CAF Super Cup|2024]]

'''Egypt'''

* [[Africa U-23 Cup of Nations]] Champions: [[2019 Africa U-23 Cup of Nations|2019]]

'''Individual'''

* [[FIFA Arab Cup]] Team of the Tournament: [[2021 FIFA Arab Cup#Team of the Tournament|2021]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=19 December 2021|title=تعرف على التشكيلة المثالية لبطولة كأس العرب 2021|url=https://www.mala3eb.com/Section_108/%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%83%D8%A3%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-2021_154477|access-date=23 May 2023|website=mala3eb.com|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwón ítókasi ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

* [https://www.efa.com.eg/ar/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86/%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD/ Profile] at the Egyptian Football Association website {{in lang|ar}}
* {{UEFA player}}
* {{Olympics.com}}
* {{Olympedia}}

{{Zamalek  SC squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Egypt squads|bg=#DD0000|fg=white|bordercolor=black|list1={{Egypt men's football squad 2020 Summer Olympics}}
{{Egypt squad 2021 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2023 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}</text>
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    <title>Joy Nwanyelimaka Nsolo</title>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372542334|Joy Nwanyelimaka Nsolo]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox architect|name=Joy Nwanyelimaka Nsolo|birth_date=1932|birth_place=Nigeria|death_date={{Death year and age|1988|1932}}|education={{plainlist|
* [[Ahmadu Bello University|Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology]]
* [[University of Birmingham]]
}}|significant_buildings={{plainlist|
* State Secretariat Building, [[Benin City]]
* State High Court, Benin City
}}|awards=[[Order of the Federal Republic|Member of the Order of the Federal Republic]] (1981)}}

 
'''Joy Nwanyelimaka Nsolo''' (1932 – 1988)Ó jẹ́ ayàwòrán ilé láti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Wọ́n mọ̀ ọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ tí ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gboyè gẹ́gẹ́ bí ayàwòrán ilé&lt;ref name=&quot;archnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Archnet &gt; Authority &gt; Joy Nwanyelimaka Nsolo|url=https://www.archnet.org/authorities/10426|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250717161404/https://www.archnet.org/authorities/10426|archive-date=2025-07-17|access-date=2026-02-26|website=www.archnet.org|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ní Nàìjíríà àti ní Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn Áfíríkà lápapọ̀, nígbà tí ó gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1962.. &lt;ref name=&quot;archnet2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=17 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nsolo lo iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní iṣẹ́ ìjọba ní Àárín Gbùngbùn-Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn Nàìjíríà, ó sì dìde láti olórí ayàwòrán ilé sí akọ̀wé títí láé . Àwọn ilé méjì tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní [[ìlú Benin]] ni wọ́n wà — Ilé Ìkọ̀wé Ìpínlẹ̀ àti Ilé Ẹjọ́ Gíga ti Ìpínlẹ̀, a sì ròyìn pé ilé ẹjọ́ náà ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpẹẹrẹ fún àwọn ilé tó jọra tí wọ́n kọ́ ní àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ Nàìjíríà mìíràn. &lt;ref name=&quot;archnet2&quot; /&gt;  Ní ọdún 1981, Ààrẹ Shehu Shagari sọ ọ́ di ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ìjọba àpapọ̀ . &lt;ref name=&quot;archnet2&quot; /&gt;

== Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ==
Nsolo gba ìwé ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1962 lẹ́yìn tí ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ti Àwọn Ọ̀nà, Ìmọ̀ Sáyẹ́ǹsì, àti Ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ ti Nàìjíríà àti Yunifásítì Birmingham .  Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn aṣojú Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Awọn Ayaworan Ilé ti Ilu Gẹ̀ẹ́sì (RIBA). Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti di Olórí Ayàwòrán ní iṣẹ́ ìjọba ní Mid-Western Nigeria, wọ́n sì fún un ní àmì ẹ̀yẹ Ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè Àpapọ̀ (MFR) ní ọdún 1981. Àwọn iṣẹ́ pàtàkì rẹ̀ ni Ilé Ìkọ̀wé ní ìlú Benin àti Ilé Ẹjọ́ Gíga ti Ìpínlẹ̀ ní Benin, èyí tí ó tẹ̀lé e gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpẹẹrẹ fún àwọn ilé ẹjọ́ Gíga ti Ìpínlẹ̀ ní gbogbo Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref name=&quot;archnet&quot; /&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* Àkójọ àwọn obìnrin ayàwòrán ilé

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 1988]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1932]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Oluwole Olumuyiwa</title>
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        <id>28839</id>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372546885|Oluwole Olumuyiwa]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox architect|name=Oluwole Olumuyiwa|image=Architect Olu uit Nigeria in Rotterdam, 1955.jpg|caption=Architect Olu from Nigeria in Rotterdam, 1955|parents=Claudius Babington Olumuyiwa and Ernestina Omolola Olumuyiwa  (nee Johnson)|birth_name=|birth_date={{Birth year|1929}}|birth_place=Nigeria|death_date={{Death year and age|2000|1929}}|death_place=Switzerland|significant_buildings={{unbulleted list| [[Eko Hotel and Suites]] | Crusader House, Lagos | Management House, Lagos | Teacher's Reference Library, Lagos|}}|practice=Oluwole Olumuyiwa and Associates|significant_projects=UAC Housing Developments, Lagos&lt;br&gt;Cultural Centre, Lagos&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x7NGAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=oluwole+olumuyiwa+architect+designs+works+projects+buildings| title=	Responding to Art: Form, Content, and Context|author1=Robert Bersson|work=The Architecture of Oluwole Olumuyiwa |author2=A. Ojomo|publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=2004|isbn=978-0-697-2581-99|page=294}}&lt;/ref&gt;|education=[[University of Manchester]]|awards=|signature=}}

 
'''Oluwole Olumuyiwa''' (1929 – 2000) je ayaworan ile Naijiria. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=10_WAAAAMAAJ|title=Architectural History|publisher=Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain (Pennsylvania State University)|year=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Oluwole kọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ṣíṣe àwòrán ilé (Architecture) àti ètò ìlú (City Planning) ní Yunifásítì ti Manchester láàárín ọdún 1949 sí 1954, ó sì parí pẹ̀lú àmì-ẹ̀yẹ tó ga jùlọ (First Class). Ó lo ọdún mẹ́rin fún ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àfikún lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ ní àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ní ilẹ̀ Yúróòpù bíi Architects' Co-Partnership ní London, ọ́fíìsì Van den Broek àti Bakema ní Rotterdam, àti ní àwọn iṣẹ́ ìdàgbàsókè ìlú tuntun ní Emmen (Netherlands), Stevenage (England) àti ní Switzerland. Ó tún ní ìrírí àti ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lórí bí a ṣe ń ṣe ètò fún kíkọ́ ilé-ìwòsàn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T063524|publisher=Grove Art Online|date=August 1996|title=Oluwole Olumuyiwa|doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T063524|isbn=978-1-884-4460-54|last1=Aradeon|first1=David}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZLo_BAAAQBAJ&amp;q=oluwole+olumuyiwa+architect+Nigeria&amp;pg=PA553|title=Understanding Architecture: Its Elements, History, and Meanings|last1=Leland M. Roth|publisher=Westview Press|isbn=978-0-813-3490-39}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UTAtQri1sygC&amp;pg=PA170|title=Architecture of Regionalism in the Age of Globalization: Peaks and Valleys in the Flat World|last1=Liane Lefaivre|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780415575782}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Oluwole ni ọmọ orilẹ-ede Naijiria akọkọ ti o kọ ẹkọ nipa imọ-iṣe ṣiṣe apẹrẹ ile (Architecture) ni okeere lati pada wa si ile ni ọdun 1958, ti o si ṣii ile-iṣẹ tirẹ, &quot;Oluwole Olumuyiwa and Associates,&quot; ni ilu Eko, Naijiria, ni ọdun 1960. Oun ni Alaga akọkọ ti Igbimọ ti n ṣakoso iforukọsilẹ awọn onimọ-iṣe ṣiṣe apẹrẹ ile ni Naijiria (ARCON). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.arconigeria.org.ng/about-arcon|title=About ARCON|website=Architects Registration Council of Nigeria|accessdate=10 November 2016|archive-date=8 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108150710/http://arconigeria.org.ng/about-arcon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;Oluwole tun jẹ ọkan ninu awọn oludari iwe-irohin akọkọ ni Afirika ti o n ṣe ayẹwo ati ijiroro lori iṣẹ ṣiṣe apẹrẹ ile, eyi ti a mọ si &quot;The West African Builder and Architect.&quot; O ṣe aṣoju Naijiria ni apejọ CAA ni ọdun 1964, nigbamii si di Alaga ẹgbẹ naa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5AYRDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA231|title=A Genealogy of Tropical Architecture: Colonial Networks, Nature and Technoscience|author=Jiat-Hwee Chang|publisher=Routledge|year=2016|isbn=978-1-317-4956-80|page=231}}&lt;/ref&gt; O tun kopa ninu iṣẹ ṣiṣe apẹrẹ fun awọn ile ibugbe ati awọn ile ti gbogbo eniyan n lo; o ṣe apẹrẹ ọpọlọpọ awọn ile tuntun ni Naijiria ni akoko yẹn, paapaa julọ awọn ile-iwe.

== Àwọn iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ tí a yàn ==

* [[Eko Hotels and Suites|Àwọn Hótéẹ̀lì àti Suites Eko]], Èkó
* Ilé Ìṣàkóso, Idowu Taylor Street, Lagos.
* Ilé ìṣàkóso, Èkó
* Ilé Crusader (ilé ìṣòwò onípele púpọ̀ ní òpópónà Martin, Èkó.) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Building on the Boundary – Modern Architecture in the Tropics|url=https://www.wits.ac.za/media/staffmigration/files/social%20identities.pdf|year=2004|publisher=University of the Witwatersrand|archive-date=11 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;style&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=11 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CKXzPQAACAAJ&amp;q=great%20architecture%20of%20the%20world%20james%20julius%20norwich|title=Great Architecture of the World|publisher=A Da Capo Press (Pe4rseus Books Group)|year=1975}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Àwọn Ìdàgbàsókè Ilé UAC, Èkó &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Modern Architecture in Post-Colonial Ghana and Nigeria|year=2004|publisher=SAHGB Publications Limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ilé ìkàwé ìtọ́kasí àwọn olùkọ́ni, Èkó
* Ile-iṣẹ Agbegbe, Eko &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cJFQAAAAMAAJ|title=New directions in African architecture|publisher=G. Braziller|year=1969}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 2000]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1929]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Musa Mohammed Sada</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83911</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636189</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:29:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362097752|Musa Mohammed Sada]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="1952" sha1="m28viox3znn2zm5wznzjqoujo2easrw" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox officeholder|name=Musa Mohammed Sada|image=|caption=|office1=Federal Minister of Mines &amp; Steel Development|term_start1=6 April 2010|term_end1=29 May 2015|predecessor1=[[Diezani Allison-Madueke]]|successor1=[[Kayode Fayemi]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1957|2|25|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mani, Nigeria|Mani]], [[Katsina State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date=|death_place=|party=[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]]}}Ayàwòrán ilé '''Musa Mohammed Sada''' (ti a bi ni ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejì ọdún 1957) ni wọn yàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí Minisita fún Ẹ̀ka tó ń rí sí ọ̀rọ̀ Àwọn Ohun-ìní inú Ilẹ̀ àti Ìdàgbàsókè Irin ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 2010, nígbà tí Ààrẹ tó ń ṣe iṣẹ́ Ààrẹ lọ́wọ́ nígbà yẹn, Goodluck Jonathan, kéde àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀ rẹ̀ tuntun.

A bí Sada ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejì, ọdún 1957, ní Mani, ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Katsina. Ó kàwé ní ​​Yunifásítì Ahmadu Bello (ABU), Zaria, níbi tí ó ti gba oyè B.Sc ní ọdún 1982 àti oyè M.Sc nínú ìmọ̀ ṣíṣe àpẹẹrẹ ilé (Architecture) ní ọdún 1984. Ó tún gba oyè MBA láti ABU ní ọdún 1998. Ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ògbógi nínú iṣẹ́ ṣíṣe àpẹẹrẹ ilé títí tí wọ́n fi yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ètò Iṣẹ́ Àkànṣe, Ilé, àti Ọ̀rọ̀ Irin-àjò ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Katsina ní ọdún 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.leadershipnigeria.com/columns/views/politics/13675-new-ministers-jonathans-cabinet-in-focus|title=New Ministers: Jonathan's Cabinet In Focus|access-date=2010-04-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1957]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Karim Hafez</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83912</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636190</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:30:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Khodijah 157</username>
        <id>33008</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mó fi ìtumọ̀ sí ise apá agbaboolu ile Éjíbítì</comment>
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      <text bytes="8376" sha1="by2dcebble0vmorxj1dusuyvlf636q1" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Egyptian footballer (born 1996)}}{{Expand Arabic|كريم حافظ|topic=bio|date=July 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Karim Hafez|image=Karim Hafez Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-203.jpg|caption=Hafez with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Karim Hafez Ramadan Seifeldin&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.cafonline.com/Portals/0/Total%20AFCON%202016/CAN%20Gabon%20Squad%20lists.pdf |title=2017 Africa Cup of Nations Squad List - Egypt |work=CAF |page=5 |date=10 January 2017 |access-date=14 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110130245/http://www.cafonline.com/Portals/0/Total%20AFCON%202016/CAN%20Gabon%20Squad%20lists.pdf |archive-date=10 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1996|3|12|df=y}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Soccerway&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Egypt - Karim Hafez - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/karim-hafez-ramadan/351539/ |website=int.soccerway.com |access-date=21 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_place=[[Beheira]], Egypt|height=1.75 m&lt;ref name=&quot;Soccerway&quot;/&gt;|position=[[Full-back (association football)|Left back]]|currentclub=[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]]|clubnumber=29|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=|years1=2014–2018|clubs1=[[Lierse S.K. (1906)|Lierse]]|caps1=23|goals1=2|years2=2015–2016|clubs2=→ [[AC Omonia|Omonia]] (loan)|caps2=29|goals2=0|years3=2016–2017|clubs3=→ [[RC Lens|Lens]] (loan)|caps3=23|goals3=0|years4=2017–2018|clubs4=→ [[RC Lens|Lens]] (loan)|caps4=43|goals4=2|years5=2018–2020|clubs5=[[Wadi Degla SC|Wadi Degla]]|caps5=0|goals5=0|years6=2018–2019|clubs6=→ [[İstanbul Başakşehir F.K.|Başakşehir]] (loan)|caps6=1|goals6=0|years7=2019–2020|clubs7=→ [[Kasımpaşa S.K.|Kasımpaşa]] (loan)|caps7=26|goals7=0|years8=2020|clubs8=→ [[Yeni Malatyaspor]] (loan)|caps8=13|goals8=0|years9=2020–2022|clubs9=[[Yeni Malatyaspor]]|caps9=64|goals9=0|years10=2022–|clubs10=[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]]|caps10=79|goals10=3&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Hafez |first1=Karim |title=Karim Hafez |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/karim-hafez-ramadan-seif-el-din/351539/ |website=Soccerway |access-date=15 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;|nationalyears1=2015–|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps1=12|nationalgoals1=0|club-update=|nationalteam-update=7 July 2026}}'''Karim Hafez Ramadan Seifeldin''' ({{langx|ar|كريم حافظ رمضان سيف الدين}}; (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kẹta ọdún 1996) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ẹni tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ Pyramids ní Lígì Premier ti Egypt àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbèjà ní apá òsì..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kingfut.com/2015/08/05/agreement-for-karim-hafezs-transfer-collapses/|title=AEK, Lierse agreement for Karim Hafez's transfer collapses|publisher=www.kingfut.com|access-date=5 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ==
Hafez ṣe ifẹsẹwọnsẹ akọkọ rẹ ni ipele giga pẹlu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu ilẹ Belgium ti a npe ni Lierse S.K. ni ọjọ 30 Oṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 2014, nibi ti wọn ti padanu pẹlu ami ayo 2–0 ni ita gbangba wọn lodi si Waasland-Beveren..&lt;ref name=&quot;soccerway2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/08/30/belgium/pro-league/kv-red-star-waasland/koninklijke-lierse-sportkring/1696965/|title=Waasland-Beveren vs. Lierse|date=30 August 2014|publisher=soccerway.com|access-date=18 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kẹsàn-án ọdún 2014, ó gba góòlù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ nínú ìdíje lìgì lòdì sí K.V.C. Westerlo, nínú eré kan tí wọ́n ti pàdánù pẹ̀lú àbájáde 6–1 ní ilé àwọn alátakò..&lt;ref name=&quot;soccerway3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/12/07/belgium/pro-league/koninklijke-lierse-sportkring/koninklijke-atletiek-associatie-gent/1477733/?ICID=PL_MS_07|title=Westerlo vs. Lierse – 20 September 2014 – Soccerway|publisher=soccerway.com|access-date=18 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hafez tẹ̀síwájú láti máa gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ àgbà ti Lierse, ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù wọn tó tayọ jùlọ; ó gba àmì-ayò mẹ́ta wọlé nínú ìdíje Jupiler Pro League, ṣùgbọ́n kò lè gba ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ là kúrò nínú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìsọ̀kalẹ̀ sí ìpele tí ó rẹ̀lẹ̀ sí i..&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghanem&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ghanem|first=Mohaned|date=2015-08-05|title=AEK, Lierse agreement for Karim Hafez's transfer collapses|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2015/08/05/agreement-for-karim-hafezs-transfer-collapses/|access-date=2021-08-07|website=KingFut|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí iṣẹ́ takuntakun tí ó ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni kọ̀ọ̀kan, olùkọ́ni ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt, Héctor Cúper (tí ó wá láti Argentina), pe e wọlé sí ẹgbẹ́ náà; ó sì ṣe ìṣàfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ &quot;Pharaohs&quot; ní oṣù Kẹfà, nígbà tí ó wọlé láti ibi ìjókòó àwọn aropo nínú eré ọ̀rẹ́ kan tí wọ́n fi 2–1 ṣẹ́gun Malawi..&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghanem&quot; /&gt;

Maged Sami, ẹni ti o ni awọn ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Wadi Degla ati Lierse, rin irin-ajo lọ si Athens lati ṣe idunadura lori gbigbe Hafez lọ si AEK Athens. Gẹgẹbi alaye ti Lierse ṣe lori oju-iwe ayelujara wọn, a n reti pe ki wọn de adehun laarin ọjọ diẹ, nibi ti agbabọọlu ọmọ ọdun mọkandinlogun (19) lati Egipti ti o n gba ipo aabo apa osi yii yoo fi darapọ mọ ẹgbẹ AEK Athens—ti o ti gba ife ẹyẹ Greece ni igba mọkanla—lori eto yiya fun akoko kan, pẹlu anfani lati fa akoko yiya naa gun fun ọdun meji miiran. Sibẹsibẹ, ọrọ naa ko lọ bi a ṣe n reti nitori awọn ariyanjiyan meji kan. Ni akọkọ, Wadi Degla fẹ ki wọn ni anfani lati kọkọ ra Hafez ti ẹgbẹ miiran ba wa lati ra a. Ni ẹlẹẹkeji, wọn fẹ ki AEK san iye owo to to €500,000 fun wọn ti AEK ba pegede fun idije Champions League ni akoko ere 2016–17. Awọn ariyanjiyan wọnyi tun pọ si nigbati Lierse kede gbigbe agbabọọlu naa lori oju-iwe ayelujara wọn ki adehun naa to pari patapata, eyi ti ko si wu AEK Athens rara. Nitori eyi, adehun naa ko waye mọ..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Lẹ́yìn náà, Hafez gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Faransé tí í ṣe RC Lens gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí wọ́n yá láti ọ̀dọ̀ Lierse..

Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2018, ẹgbẹ́ Wadi Degla ya Hafez sí ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Tọ́kì tí í ṣe İstanbul Başakşehir fún àsìkò ìdíje náà..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ibfk.com.tr/hos-geldin-karim-hafez/|title=Welcome to Karim Hafez|publisher=www.ibfk.com|access-date=30 August 2018|archive-date=30 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830110414/http://www.ibfk.com.tr/hos-geldin-karim-hafez/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé ==
Ní oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2018, wọ́n fi orúkọ rẹ̀ sínú àkójọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí wọ́n kọ́kọ́ yàn fún ìdíje Ife Àgbáyé ti ọdún 2018 ní Rọ́síà, ṣùgbọ́n wọn kò yàn án sínú àkójọ àwọn tó kẹ́yìn..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=World Cup 2018: All the confirmed squads for this summer's finals in Russia|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/440833652018}}{{dead link|date=September 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwón ólà ==
'''Pyramids'''

* [[Egypt Cup]]: [[2023–24 Egypt Cup|2023–24]]
* [[CAF Champions League]]: [[2024–25 CAF Champions League|2024–25]]
* [[FIFA African–Asian–Pacific Cup]]: [[2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup|2025]]

== Àwón ítókasi ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

* [https://pyramidsfc.com/en/first-team/karim-hafez/ Profile] at the Pyramids FC website
* {{TFF player}}
* {{soccerway}}

{{Pyramids FC squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Egypt squads|bg=#CE1126|fg=white|bordercolor=black|list1={{Egypt squad 2017 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Alan Vaughan-Richards</title>
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    <id>83913</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:34:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374436702|Alan Vaughan-Richards]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Alan Vaughan-Richards''' (1925–1989) Ó jẹ́ ayàwòrán ilé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Britain àti Nàìjíríà, ẹni tí ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú iṣẹ́ ṣíṣe àwòrán ilé ní Nàìjíríà lẹ́yìn àkókò ìṣàkóso àwọn amúnisìn. Ó kó àwọn ayàwòrán ilé mìíràn lọ́wọ́ sí ọ̀rọ̀ nípa bí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ àti ìrísí ilé ti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ṣe lè ní ipa lórí bí a ṣe ń ṣe àwòrán ilé, nípasẹ̀ ìwé ìròyìn tí ó ń tẹ̀ jáde tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ Olùkọ́lé àti Oníṣẹ́-àwòrán Ilé ní Ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YhEBDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA420|page=420|title=Architecture and Urbanism in the British Empire (Oxford History of the British Empire companion series|author=G. A. Bremner|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2016|isbn=9780198713326}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Vaughan-Richards kó àwọn iṣẹ́ àwọn ayàwòrán Nàìjíríà jọ nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. Nígbà tí ó kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà ìgbàlódé ní England, ó kọ́ nípa lílo àṣà ìbílẹ̀ ti iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà ní Nàìjíríà, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ àdàpọ̀ àwọn ipa méjèèjì. &lt;ref name=&quot;roux&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Modern Architecture in Post-Colonial Ghana and Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ̀kọ́ ==
Vaughan-Richards lọ sí Ile-ẹkọ giga giga ti Ilu Lọndọnu (tó jẹ́ Yunifásítì Westminster báyìí) níbi tí ó ti gba ìwé ẹ̀rí ìmọ̀ nípa architecture ní ọdún 1950. Ó tún forúkọ sílẹ̀ fún ẹ̀kọ́ tuntun kan lórí Tropical Architecture  ní Àjọ Àwọn Oníṣẹ́-ọ̀nà Ilé-kíkọ́, Lọndọnu ní ọdún 1956. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T088304|title=Vaughan-Richards, Alan (1925 - 1989), architect : Grove Art Online - oi|doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t088304|last1=Aradeon|first1=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Vaughan-Richards bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1950, ó ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú Ayàwòrán Ìdàgbàsókè ní Iraq &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The Alan Vaughan Richards archive}}&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn náà ó sì tún ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú Ayàwòrán ní London. Ilé-iṣẹ́ náà ń ṣe iṣẹ́ lórí ṣíṣe àwòrán ilé ìtura Bristol tuntun tí wọ́n tún kọ́ àti ilé gbígbé fún àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ epo àti gáàsì ní Èkó. Nígbà tí iṣẹ́ náà ń lọ lọ́wọ́, Vaughan-Richards kópa nínú ṣíṣe àwòrán ìṣáájú àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùtọ́jú ibi iṣẹ́ náà, ó ṣèbẹ̀wò sí Nàìjíríà nígbà tí wọ́n ń ṣe àbẹ̀wò sí àwọn iṣẹ́ náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;roux&quot; /&gt; Nígbà tí Ayàwòrán Àjọṣepọ̀ ti fi orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà sílẹ̀, Vaughan-Richards dúró sí orílẹ̀-èdè náà ó sì di ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref name=&quot;edinburgh&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=June 26, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ilé rẹ̀ ní Ikoyi nítòsí adágún omi ní Èkó, èyí tí àwọn àwòrán ní abúlé Hausa ní ipa lórí, tí a sì ṣe ní ọ̀nà òde òní, ni wọ́n lò gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ́fíìsì rẹ̀. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ni àwọn ilé àdáni àti ibi ìtọ́jú àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ fún Yunifásítì ti Èkó. Ó gba ìmọ́lára láàrín àwọn oníbàárà rẹ̀ nípa àwọn àwòrán rẹ̀ ti àwọn ibi tí a pín tàbí àwọn ibi gbogbogbòò àti àwọn ọ̀nà gbígbòòrò nínú àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;roux&quot; /&gt;

Onkọwe ara Amerika Elaine Neil Orr ṣapejuwe aṣa ile Vaughan-Richards, o kọwe pe “o lo awọn geometries onigun mẹrin nigbagbogbo ninu awọn apẹrẹ rẹ, nigba miiran gẹgẹbi ohun ọṣọ ṣugbọn nigbagbogbo gẹgẹbi awọn eroja pataki ti awọn ogiri ati awọn yara. Awọn apẹrẹ modulu jẹ pataki rẹ, ni akọkọ lati awọn bulọọki ati awọn aṣọ orule, ati lẹhinna lati fireemu igi”. 

Vaughan-Richards jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ àti olùṣe àtúnṣe ''Akọ́lé àti Ayàwòrán Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà l''áti pèsè ìwífún nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà ilé ní Áfíríkà, lẹ́yìn náà wọ́n tún kọ ìwé Ilé Èkó pẹ̀lú Kunle Akinsemoyin, ìwé kan tí ó ń ṣàkọsílẹ̀ ìdàgbàsókè ìlú Èkó. &lt;ref name=&quot;roux&quot; /&gt;

Vaughan-Richards dara pọ̀ mọ́ Roye Ibru ti Felix Ibru àti Co. Ó jẹ́ olùdarí ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ọnà ti Yunifásítì ti Èkó níbi tí àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ti ní Jaja Hall, Yunifásítì ti Èkó, ètò àgbà ti Yunifásítì ti Èkó; àwọn àwòrán òde òní pẹ̀lú àwọn ìrísí ilẹ̀ olóoru àti ti ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà bíi Ilé Olaoluwakitan àti ilé Alan Vaughan-Richards.  Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ni a kò ṣe àkíyèsí tàbí tí a kò ṣe àkóso rẹ̀ dáadáa. 

Ní ọdún 1980, ó kópa nínú kíkọ àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn ilé Brazil ní Èkó fún lílo àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ìtọ́jú.  Ní àwọn ọdún 1950, àwọn iṣẹ́ ìkọ́lé tuntun tí a ṣe láti inú àwọn àwòrán ilé ìgbàlódé ti Yúróòpù tí a gbà pẹ̀lú àkíyèsí ojú ọjọ́ Nàìjíríà tí Maxwell Fry àti àwọn ayàwòrán ilé Nàìjíríà tí a kọ́ ní London ṣe àkóso bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í farahàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí àṣà tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ní Èkó. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;  Vaughan-Richards jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ayàwòrán òde òní, ṣùgbọ́n ó fẹ́ ìwádìí púpọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú gbígba àwọn àwòrán ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà tó wà tẹ́lẹ̀, iṣẹ́ ọnà ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà àti lílo àwọn ohun èlò bíi igi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ó jẹ́ olùgbèjà láti fi àṣà àti ìgbésí ayé àwọn ará Áfíríkà kún inú àwọn ilé ìgbàlódé ti Nàìjíríà, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Okoye|title=Good news for modern man?: architecture as evangelical mission in southern Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìyàtọ̀ sí àwọn àṣà ìbílẹ̀ tó ń yọjú ní àwọn ọdún 1950 tó fi kún ìyípadà sí àwọn ipò ojúọjọ́ ní Áfíríkà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=The networks of tropical architecture|author=le Roux}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ilé tirẹ̀ tí a kọ́ ní àwọn ọdún 1960 jẹ́ àyẹ̀wò àwọn ìrísí ìṣẹ̀dálẹ̀ ìbílẹ̀ ti ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlànà ìṣẹ̀dálẹ̀ òde òní bíi lílo àwọn ìrísí onígun mẹ́rin àti onígun mẹ́rin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2019-01-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn iṣẹ́ mìíràn bíi Ilé Ola-oluwakitan fara hàn gbangba fún àgbéyẹ̀wò tí a fún àwọn ìrísí ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; àti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ̀, lẹ́yìn náà ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpẹẹrẹ fún àwọn ilé àdáni mìíràn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Lagos : a cultural and historical imagination|author=Kaye|isbn=9781908493897|location=Exeter, UK}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
Ó fẹ́ Ayo Vaughan-Richards (tí a bí ní Vaughan), nọ́ọ̀sì kan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ oníṣòwò hótéẹ̀lì láti ìdílé Vaughan ní Èkó. &lt;ref name=&quot;edinburgh&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Gavron|first1=Darlene|title=AYO VAUGHAN-RICHARDS|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1988-05-29-8801030310-story.html|date=29 May 1988}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n bí ọmọ mẹ́rin pẹ̀lú olùdarí eré fíìmù náà , Remi Vaughan-Richards .

== Àwọn ìtẹ̀jáde ==

* &quot;Le Nigeria&quot; ni Rives coloniales : architectures, de Saint-Louis à Douala. 1993.  .
* Olóòtú. &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Akọ́lé àti Ayàwòrán Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà. Ìwé ìròyìn. 1963 - 1967.
* Olùkọ̀wé alájọṣepọ̀. Kíkọ́ ìlú Èkó. 1977. Pengrail Ltd

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 1989]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1925]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jacob Afolabi</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:37:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
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      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371628698|Jacob Afolabi]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Jacob Afolabi''' (1944–2004) Ó jẹ́ olórin-àwòrán àti oníṣẹ́-àtẹ̀wé-àwòrán pàtàkì ní Nàìjíríà, ẹni tí a mọ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìgbésẹ̀ iṣẹ́-àwòrán ti ìgbàlódé ní Nàìjíríà lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí orílẹ̀-èdè náà gba òmìnira.

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Jacob Afolabi was born in Ikirin, Nigeria. Ó jẹ́ òṣèré nínú ẹgbẹ́ àwọn òṣèré tí Duro Ladipo ń darí. Ní ọdún 1962, Ladipo ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ ẹgbẹ́ Mbari Mbayo ní Osogbo pẹ̀lú olùṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà ará Germany , Ulli Beier . Afolabi lọ sí ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àkọ́kọ́ Mbari Mbayo ní ọdún 1962 tí ayàwòrán ará Guyana Denis Williams ṣe olórí àti àwọn ìpàdé tó tẹ̀lé e fún ọdún mélòó kan tó tẹ̀lé e. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Probst|first=Peter|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Osogbo_and_the_Art_of_Heritage/MLVL1Cz9L8UC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=jacob+afolabi&amp;pg=PA41&amp;printsec=frontcover|title=Osogbo and the Art of Heritage|date=2011|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-22295-4|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòrán ìrísí Afolabi ni wọ́n lò láti ṣe ọ̀ṣọ́ sí àwọn ògiri ẹgbẹ́ náà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Williams|first=Charlotte|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Denis_Williams_a_Life_in_Works/RNrtDPkdsugC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=jacob+afolabi&amp;pg=PA39&amp;printsec=frontcover|title=Denis Williams, a Life in Works: New and Collected Essays|date=2010|publisher=Rodopi|isbn=978-90-420-2791-6|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn òṣèré olókìkí mìíràn tí wọ́n jáde láti àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ wọ̀nyí ni [[Twins Seven-Seven]] àti Jimoh Buriamoh .

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìṣàyẹ̀wò Beier nípa iṣẹ́ ìṣáájú Afolabi, “Àwọn ànímọ́ àṣà Afolabi jẹ́ àwọn ìrísí tó lágbára, tó ń ru ìmọ̀lára sókè àti àwọn àwọ̀ tó lágbára tí a so pọ̀. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀nà tí a lè fi rọ́pò sí iṣẹ́ ọnà lásán. Síbẹ̀ àwòrán Afolabi—láti gbogbo ìtura rẹ̀—jẹ́ èyí tó ní ìmọ̀lára àti tó ń fi hàn gbangba.” &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Kasfir|first1=Sidney Littlefield|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/African_Art_and_Agency_in_the_Workshop/Ae6p_xexEIYC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=jacob+afolabi&amp;pg=PA169&amp;printsec=frontcover|title=African Art and Agency in the Workshop|date=2013|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-00741-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀mọ̀wé mìíràn ṣàpèjúwe Afolabi gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ọ̀kan lára àwọn òṣèré tó ní ẹ̀bùn jùlọ tó jáde láti ibi ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Osogbo.” &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Black Orpheus: Jacob Lawrence and the Mbari Club|date=2022|publisher=Yale University Press; in association with The Chrysler Museum, Inc. and the New Orleans Museum of Art|isbn=978-0-300-26317-6|location=New Haven}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Lẹ́yìn náà, iṣẹ́ Afolabi ni a gbé kalẹ̀ nínú ìwé ìròyìn ''Black Orpheus'' tí Mbari Club tẹ̀ jáde àti nínú àwọn ìfihàn tí Ẹgbẹ́ náà ṣètò. Nítorí ìkópa rẹ̀ nínú àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ wọ̀nyí, iṣẹ́ Afolabi wà nínú ìfihàn ìrìn àjò àwọn ìtẹ̀wé ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ní Amẹ́ríkà tí Smithsonian ṣètò. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=African modernism in America|location=New York, NY}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùtọ́jú ilé iṣẹ́ ọnà Mbari Mbayo fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Afolabi ran lọ́wọ́ láti dá Àpéjọpọ̀ Ife lórí Ìṣẹ̀dá sílẹ̀, Ile-Ife, ní ọdún 1972, ó sì ya àwòrán ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìwé pẹ̀lú Oxford Books fún àwọn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Nigerian Artists: A Who's Who and Bibliography}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Afolabi gba ipò kan ní Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá Ẹ̀kọ́ Áfíríkà ní Yunifásítì Obafemi Awolowo, Osogbo lẹ́yìn náà.

Àwọn iṣẹ́ Afolabi ni a ṣe àfihàn wọn ní àwọn ìfihàn àgbáyé bíi:

* ''Iṣẹ́ ọnà Áfíríkà òde òní'' ní Camden Arts Centre, London, 1969
* ''Àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà Áfíríkà òde òní'' ní Ilé Àkójọ Àwọn Ọ̀nà Áfíríkà, Washington, DC, 1974
* ''Orpheus Dudu: Jacob Lawrence àti ẹgbẹ́ Mbari'' ní Chrysler Museum of Art, Norfolk, Virginia, 2022 
* ''Ìgbésí ayé òde òní ti Nàìjíríà'' ní Tate, London, 2025 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
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    <title>Mahmoud Saber</title>
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      <comment>Mó fi ìtumọ̀ sí ise apá agbaboolu ile Éjíbítì</comment>
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      <text bytes="7492" sha1="bnz4voe2dkulj7dwjhrxlprz0hgt5sj" xml:space="preserve">&lt;nowiki&gt;{short description|Egyptian footballer (born 2001)}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Mahmoud Saber|image=Mahmoud Saber Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-013.jpg|caption=Saber with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Mohamed Saber Abdelmohsen Hassan Abdelmohsen&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=FIFA World Cup 2026™ – Squad List: Egypt (EGY) |publisher=FIFA |page=17 |date=19 July 2026 |access-date=21 July 2026 |archive-date=21 July 2026 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260721042044/https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|2001|07|30}}&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;/&gt;|birth_place=Egypt|height=1.70 m&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;/&gt;|position=[[Central midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]]|clubnumber=8|youthyears1=20??–2018|youthclubs1=[[Nogoom FC|Nogoom]]|years1=2018–2020|clubs1=[[Nogoom FC|Nogoom]]|caps1=2|goals1=0|years2=2020–|clubs2=[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]]|caps2=44|goals2=6|years3=2023–2024|clubs3=→ [[ZED FC|ZED]] (loan)|caps3=8|goals3=1|years4=2025–2026|clubs4=→ [[ZED FC|ZED]] (loan)|caps4=26|goals4=5|nationalyears1=2023–2024|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national under-23 football team|Egypt Olympic]]|nationalcaps1=19|nationalgoals1=6|nationalyears2=2024–|nationalteam2=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps2=17|nationalgoals2=2|pcupdate=09 August 2026|ntupdate=3 July 2026|medaltemplates=}}'''Mahmoud Saber Abdelmohsen Hassan Abdelmohsen''' ({{langx|ar|محمود صابر عبد المحسن حسن عبد المحسن}}; (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ 30 oṣù Keje ọdún 2001) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ẹni tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù àárín pápá fún ẹgbẹ́ Pyramids ní Lígì Premier ti Egypt àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49191043/fifa-world-cup-2026-stats-ousmane-dembele-first-cristiano-ronaldo-kylian-mbappe-join-lionel-messi-miroslav-klose-cape-verde-history|title=FIFA World Cup 2026 stats: Dembele first since Ronaldo; Mbappe joins Messi, Klose; Cape Verde make history|publisher=ESPN|date=27 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ==
Saber bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní gba bọ́ọ̀lù ní Nogoom, níbi tí ó ti ṣe ìfarahàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ nínú Lígì Premier ti ilẹ̀ Egypt ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2019, nínú eré kan tí wọ́n fi ayò méjì sí òdo (2–0) ṣẹ́gun wọn tí wọ́n sì pàdánù sí ẹgbẹ́ Pyramids. Ní oṣù Kọkànlá ọdún 2020, ó lọ sí Pyramids gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí wọ́n yá fún ìgbà díẹ̀, ní ìparí àsìkò ìdíje náà, wọ́n sì ra á ní kíkún..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.elbalad.news/4976385|title=بيراميدز يضم محمود صابر نهائيا من النجوم|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gba góòlù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2023 lòdì sí Misr Lel Makkasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/egypt-name-final-28-man-squad-for-totalenergies-caf-afcon-2025-salah-leads-pharaohs-charge/|title=Egypt name final 28-man squad for TotalEnergies CAF AFCON 2025, Salah leads Pharaohs' charge|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|date=2 December 2025|access-date=12 December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó gba góòlù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2023 lòdì sí Misr Lel Makkasa..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/1/29/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D9%85-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9-%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%87-%D9%84%D9%80/6462915|title=محمود صابر ينتظم فى تدريبات بيراميدز بعد قطع إعارته لـ زد.. صور|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé ==
Wọn fi Saber kun ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lu orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt ti àwọn tí kò tíì pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàlélógún (U-23) fún ìdíje Olympic..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/EFA/status/1808927725484233057|title=قائمة منتخب مصر الأوليمبي لمعسكر الإعداد المقرر انطلاقه غدا الجمعة 5 يوليو استعدادا لأولمبياد باريس 2024|trans-title=Mr. Rogério Micale reveals the list of players heading to Paris|language=ar|publisher=[[Egyptian Football Association]]|website=Twitter|date=4 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọjọ́ kejì oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2025, wọ́n pe Saber sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Egypt fún ìdíje Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2025..&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ni oṣu mẹfa lẹhinna, ni ọjọ kẹrindadinlọgbọn oṣu Kẹfa ọdun 2026, o gba ami-ayo rẹ akọkọ fun orilẹ-ede rẹ ni iṣẹju karun-un ninu ere ti wọn pari pẹlu ami-ayo kan si ọkan (1–1) pẹlu orilẹ-ede Iran ni idije Ife-ẹyẹ Agbaye FIFA ti ọdun 2026; eyi si jẹ ami-ayo ti o yara julọ ti orilẹ-ede rẹ ti gba ri ninu idije naa..&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìṣirò iṣẹ́ ==

=== International ===
{{updated|match played 3 July 2026}}&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|id=95957|accessdate=30 July 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by national team and year
!National team
!Year
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]
|2024
|3
|0
|-
|2025
|8
|1
|-
|2026
|6
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!17
!2
|}

: ''Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Saber goal.''

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+List of international goals scored by Mahmoud Saber
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |No.
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Date
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Venue
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Cap
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Opponent
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Score
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Result
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Competition
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |1
|16 December 2025
|[[Cairo International Stadium]], [[Cairo]], Egypt
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |10
|{{fb|NGA}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |1–0
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |2–1
|[[Friendly (association football)|Friendly]]
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |2
|26 June 2026
|[[Lumen Field]], [[Seattle]], United States
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |16
|{{fb|IRN}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |1–0
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |1–1
|[[2026 FIFA World Cup Group G|2026 FIFA World Cup]]
|}

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}

* [https://www.efa.com.eg/ar/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1/ Profile] at the Egyptian Football Association website {{in lang|ar}}
* {{UEFA player}}
* {{Olympics.com}}
* {{Olympedia}}
{{Navboxes|title=Egypt squads|bg=#CE1126|fg=white|bordercolor=black|list1={{Egypt men's football squad 2024 Summer Olympics}}
{{Egypt squad 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{Egypt-footy-bio-stub}}</text>
      <sha1>bnz4voe2dkulj7dwjhrxlprz0hgt5sj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sam Ovraiti</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83916</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636195</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:42:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bamjos</username>
        <id>28839</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373687648|Sam Ovraiti]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>636195</origin>
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      <text bytes="4488" sha1="k4vqz8qn0fu2vdkjdzgugtqxwwkwbsn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox artist|name=Sam Ovraiti|birth_date={{birth-date|1961}}|birth_place=Zaria, Kaduna State|education=University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria|known_for=Painting and Art|awards={{awards|SNA Master Artist Award 2018 }}}}

 
'''Sam Ovraiti''' (tí a bí ní ọdún 1961) jẹ́ ayàwòrán ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà.   Òun ni olùdarí iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà ti Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Harmattan, àpéjọ àwọn ayàwòrán tí Dókítà Bruce Onobrakpeya, oníṣẹ́ ìtẹ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà, dá sílẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Harmattan Workshop - Bruce Onobrakpeya Foundation|url=https://www.bofoundng.com/services/harmattan-workshop/|archivedate=2026-01-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2018, wọ́n fún un ní ẹ̀bùn Ọ̀gá Oníṣẹ́ Ọnà ti Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Oníṣọ̀nà ti Nàìjíríà.  

== Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ní ọdún 1961, wọ́n bí Sam ní [[Zaria]], [[ìpínlẹ̀ Kaduna]] .     Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Warri, ìpínlẹ̀ Delta .  Ní ọdún 1983, ó gba ìwé ẹ̀rí gíga ti orílẹ̀-èdè láti Polytechnic ti Ijọba Àpapọ̀, Auchi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Ó tẹ̀síwájú lọ sí Yunifásítì Benin, níbi tí ó ti gba oyè Master nínú Fine Arts. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ẹ̀kọ́ ==
Sam bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ olùkọ́ ní Auchi Polytechnic, níbi tí ó ti kọ́ni ní iṣẹ́ kíkùn àti yíyàwòrán láti ọdún 1985 sí 1993.  Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn wọ̀nyí ló mú kí wọ́n fi àwọ̀ omi àti ewéko pastel ṣe àwọn ohun èlò ìṣẹ̀dá tí wọ́n gbà láwùjọ àwọn oníṣẹ́ ọnà ní Nàìjíríà.  Ní ọdún 1993, ó fi iṣẹ́ olùkọ́ sílẹ̀, ó sì kó lọ sí ìlú Èkó láti ṣe iṣẹ́ ọnà ní gbogbo ìgbà, kí ó tó yí àfiyèsí rẹ̀ sí epo, acrylic, àti àwọn ohun èlò míràn, nígbà tí ó sì ń tẹ̀síwájú láti ṣe àwárí àwọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí kókó pàtàkì rẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;  Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti kọ́ àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Bruce Onobrakpeya, wọ́n sì yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí iṣẹ́ ọnà ti Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Harmattan èyí tí wọ́n ń ṣe lọ́dọọdún ní Agbarha-Otor, ìpínlẹ̀ Delta.   Ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ àwọn adájọ́ fún àwọn ìdíje iṣẹ́ ọnà orílẹ̀-èdè.  

== Ifihan ati idanimọ ==
Sam ti kopa ninu awọn ifihan adashe ati ẹgbẹ ni Nigeria ati ni okeere, ati pe ọpọlọpọ awọn aworan rẹ ni a ṣe ni awọn akojọpọ.   Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ti jẹ́ ara àwọn àkójọpọ̀ fún Ìgbìmọ̀ Orílẹ̀-èdè fún Àwọn Ọ̀nà àti Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tún ti hàn ní Ilé Àkójọ Àwọn Ohun Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Orílẹ̀-èdè ní Èkó . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;  Ní oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 2019, Alexis Gallery ní ìlú Èkó ṣètò àfihàn iṣẹ́ ọnà rẹ̀ láti ọjọ́ pípẹ́ sẹ́yìn láti ṣe ayẹyẹ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógójì tí ó ti ń ṣiṣẹ́ yìí; àkọlé àfihàn náà sì ni '''&quot;Sam Ovraiti, Retrospective: Exposition of 36 Years Romance with the Language of Colors,&quot;''' èyí tí ó fi àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ogójì tí a fi àwọ̀ òróró (oil) àti pastel yà hàn. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Ó tún ti ṣe àfihàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ara àwọn ìfihàn ẹgbẹ́ ọdọọdún ti Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Harmattan ní Alexis Galleries ní Victoria Island, Lagos.  Ní ọdún 2018, ó gba ẹ̀bùn ọ̀mọ̀wé olórin ti Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Òṣèré-àwòrán ti Nàìjíríà. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Orúkọ Ẹ̀bùn
! Ọdún
|-
|
* Àmì Ẹ̀yẹ Ọ̀gá fún Àwọn Òṣèré Olórí ti Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Òṣèré Orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà 2018 
! 2018
|-
|
* Ẹ̀bùn Nike Centre fún Ayàwòrán Ọdún &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
! 2017
|-
|
* Àmì Ẹ̀bùn Guinness fún Òṣèré Òde Òní ní Nàìjíríà &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
! 2024
|-
|
* Olùgbéjáde Mobil Olùgbéjáde ti Ìdíje Àwòrán Orílẹ̀-èdè &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
! 1983
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1961]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>k4vqz8qn0fu2vdkjdzgugtqxwwkwbsn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nabil Emad</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83917</id>
    <revision>
      <id>636196</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-12T11:48:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Khodijah 157</username>
        <id>33008</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mó fi ìtumọ̀ sí ise apá agbaboolu ile Éjíbítì</comment>
      <origin>636196</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6166" sha1="e0b46zkfik5h5u7crsn6zuc7vtscnqi" xml:space="preserve">&lt;nowiki&gt;{Short description|Egyptian footballer (born 1996)}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2026}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Nabil Emad|image=Nabil Emad Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-012.jpg|caption=Donga with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Nabil Emad Aly Elmahdy&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://efa.com.eg/Content/NewsDocument/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_/f61dbce5-13d2-4650-85ff-c4e9056fdcfa.pdf |title=Egypt |publisher=Confederation of African Football |format=PDF |page=2 |date=7 January 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{birth date and age|1996|04|06|df=y}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Soccerway&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Egypt - Nabil Emad Donga - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/nabil-emad/491064/|website=us.soccerway.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_place=[[El Mahalla El Kubra]], Egypt|height=1.79 m|position=[[Midfielder#Defensive midfielder|Defensive Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Al-Najma SC (Saudi Arabia)|Al-Najma]]|clubnumber=88|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Baladiyat El Mahalla SC|Baladiyat El Mahalla]]|youthyears2=|youthclubs2=[[Grand Hotel FC|Grand Hotel]]|youthyears3=|youthclubs3=[[El Gouna FC|El Gouna]]|youthyears4=|youthclubs4=[[MS Aga]]|youthyears5=|youthclubs5=[[Beni Ebeid SC|Beni Ebeid]]|years1=2016–2022|clubs1=[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]]|caps1=173|goals1=5|years2=2022–2026|clubs2=[[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]]|caps2=74|goals2=3|years3=2026–|clubs3=[[Al-Najma SC (Saudi Arabia)|Al-Najma]]|caps3=14|goals3=0|nationalyears1=2019–|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps1=8|nationalgoals1=0|medaltemplates=|club-update=|nationalteam-update=}}'''Nabil Emad Aly Elmahdy''' ({{langx|ar|نبيل عماد علي المهدي}}; (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 1996), tí a tún mọ̀ sí Donga (دونجا), jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù àárín pápá tí ó ń dáàbò bo ààrin pápá fún ẹgbẹ́ Al-Najma ní Saudi Pro League àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt..&lt;ref name=&quot;Soccerway&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ==
Emad bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ bọọlu rẹ̀ ní Baladiyat El Mahalla, lẹ́yìn náà ó gbá bọọlu fún Grand Hotel, El Gouna, MS Aga àti Beni Ebeid..Ní ọdún 2016, wọ́n gbe Emad láti Beni Ebeid, ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù kan ní Ẹ̀ka Kẹta ti ilẹ̀ Egypt, lọ sí Pyramids FC (tí wọ́n ń pè ní Al-Assiouty Sport nígbà yẹn) fún iye owó 40,000 Egyptian pounds. Ó fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn ọdún márùn-ún..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=بالصور.. الأسيوطى يضم دونجا &quot;بنى عبيد&quot; مقابل 40 ألف جنيه|url=http://www.youm7.com/story/2016/5/14/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%89-%D9%8A%D8%B6%D9%85-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84-40-%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81-%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87/2717661|website=اليوم السابع|accessdate=26 September 2017|language=ar-AR}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kejì ọdún 2026, Nabil Emad dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ Al-Najma ti Saudi Pro League..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://x.com/alnajmahfc/status/2018472496593535008|title=نبيل عماد دونجا نجماوي💚⭐️}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé ==
Ó ṣe ìṣàfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2019, nínú eré ìdíje láti péye fún Ife Àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà (Africa Cup) lòdì sí Niger, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré náà..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/32ndeditionoftotalafricacupofnations/MatchDetails?MatchId=yhPLwkqNSe4OmjvXeZ8cF%2bOvbNd2WsyxXJkyaFdphGJAFgwmNeI25zyoMHpDrT0%2b|title=Niger v Egypt game report|date=23 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara-ẹni ==
Ni ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2026, ní wákàtí díẹ̀ ṣáájú kí olùkọ́ni àgbà ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Egypt, Hossam Hassan, tó kéde àkójọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó kẹ́yìn fún ìdíje World Cup—èyí tí ó ní orúkọ Nabil Emad 'Donga' nínú—obìnrin ará Italy kan sọ nípasẹ̀ Instagram pé òun ń gbé ìgbésẹ̀ òfin lòdì sí agbábọ́ọ̀lù náà lórí ẹ̀sùn pé ó ṣe ìwà ipá sí òun. Wọ́n sọ pé ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà wáyé ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2025. Bákan náà, wọ́n ti fi ẹ̀sùn ìwà ipá nípa ìbálòpọ̀ kan kàn án mọ́ Nabil Emad, èyí tí wọ́n sọ pé ó wáyé ní oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2025 ní orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt.. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/egypt/2026/05/30/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%85-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7|title=إيطالية تتهم لاعب الكرة المصري نبيل عماد &quot;دونجا&quot; بالتعدي عليها|date=29 May 2026|website=العربية}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ọlá ==
'''Zamalek'''

* [[Egypt Cup]]: [[2024–25 Egypt Cup|2024–25]]
* [[CAF Confederation Cup]]: [[2023–24 CAF Confederation Cup|2023–24]]
* [[CAF Super Cup]]: [[2024 CAF Super Cup|2024]]

== Àwón ítókasi ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [http://www.kooora.com/?player=136218 Nabil Dunga] at KOOORA.com
* {{NFT player|73984}}

{{Al-Najma SC (Saudi Arabia) squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Egypt squads|bg=#CE1126|fg=white|bordercolor=black|list1={{Egypt squad 2019 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{Authority control}}
{{Egypt-footy-midfielder-stub}}</text>
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