Wikipedia yowiki https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oj%C3%BAew%C3%A9_%C3%80k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20 first-letter Amóhùnmáwòrán Pàtàkì Ọ̀rọ̀ Oníṣe Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe Wikipedia Ọ̀rọ̀ Wikipedia Fáìlì Ọ̀rọ̀ fáìlì MediaWiki Ọ̀rọ̀ mediaWiki Àdàkọ Ọ̀rọ̀ àdàkọ Ìrànlọ́wọ́ Ọ̀rọ̀ ìrànlọ́wọ́ Ẹ̀ka Ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀ka Èbúté Ọ̀rọ̀ èbúté Ìwé Ọ̀rọ̀ ìwé TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3733 637108 577768 2026-09-17T00:06:53Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Months}} <div class="center">[[28 February]] | ''[[29 February]]'' | [[1 March]] | [[2 March]]</div> ----- {{CalendarMarch}} {{Ojo}} == Events == * [[752 BC]] – [[Romulus]], first king of [[ancient Rome|Rome]], celebrates the first [[Roman triumph]] after his victory over the [[Caenina (Town)|Caeninenses]], following [[The Rape of the Sabine Women]]. * [[86 BC]] – [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla]], at the head of a [[Roman Republic]] army, enters [[Athens]], removing the [[tyrant]] [[Aristion]] who was supported by troops of [[Mithridates VI of Pontus]]. * [[286]] – [[Roman Emperor]] [[Diocletian]] raises [[Maximian]] to the rank of [[Caesar (title)|''Caesar'']]. * [[293]] – Roman Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint [[Constantius Chlorus]] and [[Galerius]] as [[Caesar (title)|''Caesares'']], thus beginning the [[Tetrarchy]]. * [[317]] – [[Crispus]] and [[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]], sons of [[Roman Emperor]] [[Constantine I]], and Licinius Iunior, son of Emperor [[Licinius]], are made [[Caesar (title)|''Caesares'']] * [[1457]] – The [[Unitas Fratrum]] is established in the village of Kunvald, on the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. It is to date the second oldest Protestant denomination. * [[1562]] – 23 [[Huguenot]]s are massacred by [[Catholicism|Catholics]] in [[Wassy]], [[France]], marking the start of the [[French Wars of Religion]]. * [[1565]] – The city of [[Rio de Janeiro]] is founded. * [[1593]] – The [[Uppsala Synod]] is summoned to confirm the exact forms of the [[Lutheran Church|Lutheran]] [[Church of Sweden]]. * [[1628]] – Writs issued in [[February]] by [[Charles I of England]] mandate that every county in [[England]] (not just seaport towns) pay [[ship tax]] by this date. * [[1633]] – [[Samuel de Champlain]] reclaims his role as commander of [[New France]] on behalf of [[Cardinal Richelieu]]. * [[1642]] – [[Georgeana]], [[Massachusetts]] (now known as [[York, Maine]]), becomes the first incorporated city in the [[United States]]. * [[1692]] – [[Sarah Good]], [[Sarah Osborne]] and [[Tituba]] are brought before local magistrates in [[Danvers, Massachusetts|Salem Village, Massachusetts]], beginning what would become known as the [[Salem witch trials]]. * [[1700]] – [[Sweden]] introduces its own [[Swedish calendar]], in an attempt to gradually merge into the [[Gregorian calendar]], reverts to the [[Julian calendar]] on this date in [[1712]], and introduces the [[Gregorian Calendar]] on this date in [[1753]]. * [[1781]] – The [[Continental Congress]] adopts the [[Articles of Confederation]]. * [[1790]] – The first [[United States Census Bureau|United States census]] is authorized. * [[1803]] – [[Ohio]] is admitted as the 17th [[U.S. state]]. * [[1805]] – Justice [[Samuel Chase]] is acquitted at the end of his [[impeachment]] trial by the [[U.S. Senate]]. * [[1811]] – Leaders of the [[Mameluke dynasty]] are killed by [[Egypt]]ian ruler [[Muhammad Ali of Egypt|Muhammad Ali]]. * [[1815]] – [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon]] returns to [[France]] from his banishment on [[Elba]]. * [[1836]] – A [[Convention of 1836|convention]] of delegates from 57 [[Texas]] communities convenes in [[Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas]], to deliberate independence from [[Mexico]]. * [[1840]] – [[Adolphe Thiers]] becomes prime minister of [[France]]. * [[1845]] – [[President of the United States|President]] [[John Tyler]] signs a bill authorizing the [[United States]] to annex the [[Republic of Texas]]. * [[1847]] – The state of [[Michigan]] formally abolishes [[capital punishment]]. * [[1852]] – [[Archibald William Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton]] is appointed [[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland]]. * [[1854]] – [[German people|German]] psychologist [[Friedrich Eduard Beneke]] disappears; two years later his remains are found in a canal near [[Charlottenburg]]. * [[1867]] – [[Nebraska]] becomes the 37th [[U.S. state]]; Lancaster, [[Nebraska]] is renamed [[Lincoln, Nebraska|Lincoln]] and becomes the state capital. * [[1870]] – [[Francisco Solano López (politician)|Marshal F.S. López]] dies during the [[Battle of Cerro Corá]] thus marking the end of the [[War of the Triple Alliance]]. * [[1872]] – [[Yellowstone National Park]] is established as the world's first [[national park]]. * [[1873]] – [[E. Remington and Sons]] in [[Ilion, New York]] begins production of the first practical [[typewriter]]. * [[1886]] – The [[Anglo-Chinese School]], [[Singapore]] is founded by [[Bishop]] [[William Fitzjames Oldham|William Oldham]]. * [[1893]] – [[Nikola Tesla]] gives the first public demonstration of [[radio]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri]]. * [[1896]] – [[Battle of Adowa]]: an [[Ethiopia]]n army defeats an outnumbered [[Italy|Italian]] force, ending the [[First Italo–Ethiopian War]]. * 1896 – [[Henri Becquerel]] discovers [[radioactivity]]. * [[1910]] – The worst [[Wellington, Washington avalanche|avalanche]] in United States history buries a [[Great Northern Railway (U.S.)|Great Northern Railway]] train in northeastern [[King County, Washington]], killing 96 people. * [[1912]] – [[Albert Berry]] makes the first [[parachute]] jump from a moving [[fixed-wing aircraft|airplane]]. * [[1914]] – The [[Republic of China]] joins the [[Universal Postal Union]]. * [[1917]] – The [[Government of the United States|U.S. government]] releases the [[plaintext|unencrypted text]] of the [[Zimmermann Telegram]] to the public. * [[1919]] – [[March 1st Movement]] begins in [[Korea]]. * [[1932]] – The son of [[Charles Lindbergh]], [[Charles Augustus Lindbergh III]], is kidnapped. * [[1936]] – The [[Hoover Dam]] is completed. * 1936 – [[S.S. California strike|A strike occurs aboard the ''S.S. California'']], leading to the demise of the [[International Seamen's Union]] and the creation of the [[National Maritime Union]]. * [[1939]] – A [[Japanese Imperial Army]] ammunition dump explodes at [[Hirakata]], [[Osaka]], [[Japan]], killing 94. * [[1939]] – [[Trans-Canada Air Lines]] (forerunner of [[Air Canada]]) begins transcontinental operations (between [[Vancouver]] and [[Montreal]]). * [[1941]] – [[World War II]]: [[Bulgaria]] signs the [[Tripartite Pact]], allying itself with the [[Axis powers]]. * 1941 – [[W47NV]] (now known as [[WSM-FM]]) begins operations in [[Nashville, Tennessee]] becoming the first [[FM radio]] station in the [[United States|U.S.]]. * [[1943]] – World War II: [[Battle of Bismarck Sea]] begins. * [[1946]] – The [[Bank of England]] is nationalised. * [[1947]] – The [[International Monetary Fund]] begins financial operations. * [[1950]] – [[Cold War]]: [[Klaus Fuchs]] is convicted of spying for the [[Soviet Union]] by disclosing top secret [[atomic bomb]] data. * [[1953]] – [[Joseph Stalin]] suffers a stroke and collapses. He dies four days later. * [[1954]] – [[Nuclear testing]]: The [[Castle Bravo]], a 15-[[megaton]] [[hydrogen bomb]], is detonated on [[Bikini Atoll]] in the [[Pacific Ocean]], resulting in the worst [[radioactive contamination]] ever caused by the [[United States]]. * 1954 – [[Puerto Rican independence movement|Puerto Rican nationalists]] attack the [[United States Capitol]] building, [[United States Capitol shooting incident (1954)|injuring five Representatives]]. * [[1956]] – The [[International Air Transport Association]] finalizes a draft of the [[Radiotelephony spelling alphabet]] for the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]]. * 1956 – Formation of the [[National People's Army]] * [[1958]] – [[Samuel Cardinal Stritch|Samuel Alphonsus Stritch]], is appointed [[Pro-Prefect]] of the [[Propagation of Faith]] and thus becomes the first [[United States|American]] member of the [[Roman Curia]]. * 1958 – [[Turkey|Turkish]] passenger ship ''[[Uskudar]]'' capsizes and sinks at Izmit Bay, [[Kocaeli]], [[Turkey]], killing at least 300. * [[1961]] – [[President of the United States]] [[John F. Kennedy]] establishes the [[Peace Corps]]. * 1961 – [[Uganda]] becomes self-governing and holds its first elections. * [[1962]] – [[American Airlines Flight 1]] crashes on take off in [[New York]]. * [[1964]] – [[Villarrica (volcano)|Villarrica Volcano]] begins a [[strombolian eruption]] causing [[laha]]s that destroy half of the town of [[Coñaripe]]. * [[1966]] – [[Venera 3]] [[Soviet]] [[space probe]] crashes on [[Venus]] becoming the first [[spacecraft]] to land on another [[planet]]'s surface. * 1966 – The [[Ba'ath Party]] takes power in [[Syria]]. * [[1971]] – A bomb explodes in a men's room in the [[United States Capitol]]: the [[Weatherman (organization)|Weather Underground]] claims responsibility. * 1971 – [[President of Pakistan]] [[Yahya Khan]] indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in [[East Pakistan]]. * [[1972]] – The [[Thailand|Thai]] province of [[Yasothon province|Yasothon]] is created after being split off from the [[Ubon Ratchathani province]]. * [[1973]] – [[Black September (group)|Black September]] storms the [[Saudi Arabia|Saudi]] embassy in [[Khartoum]], [[Sudan]], resulting in the [[Attack on the Saudi embassy in Khartoum|assassination of three Western hostages]]. * [[1974]] – [[Watergate scandal]]: Seven are indicted for their role in the [[Watergate complex|Watergate]] break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice. * [[1981]] – [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] member [[Bobby Sands]] begins his hunger strike in [[Maze (HM Prison)|HM Prison Maze]]. * [[1989]] – The [[United States]] becomes a member of the [[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works]]. * [[1990]] – [[Steve Jackson Games]] is raided by the [[United States Secret Service]], prompting the later formation of the [[Electronic Frontier Foundation]]. * [[1992]] – [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] declares its independence from [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]. * [[1995]] – [[Prime Minister of Poland]] [[Waldemar Pawlak]] resigns from [[parliament]] and is replaced by ex-[[communist]] [[Józef Oleksy]]. * [[1995]] – [[Yahoo!]] was incorporated. * [[2000]] – The [[Constitution of Finland]] is rewritten. * 2000 – [[Hans Blix]] assumes the position of Executive [[Chairman]] of [[UNMOVIC]]. * [[2002]] – [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|U.S. invasion of Afghanistan]]: [[Operation Anaconda]] begins in eastern [[Afghanistan]]. * 2002 – The [[Envisat]] [[environmental satellite]] successfully reaches an orbit 800 kilometers (500 miles) above the [[Earth]] on its 11th launch, carrying the heaviest [[Payload (air and space craft)|payload]] to date at 8500 kilograms (9.5 tons). * 2002 – The [[Spanish peseta|peseta]] is discontinued as official [[currency]] of [[Spain]] and is replaced by the [[euro]] (€). * [[2003]] – Management of the [[United States Customs Service]] and the [[United States Secret Service]] move to the [[United States Department of Homeland Security]]. * 2003 – The [[International Criminal Court]] holds its inaugural session in [[The Hague]]. * [[2004]] – [[Mohammed Bahr al-Uloum]] becomes [[President of Iraq]]. * [[2005]] – The death penalty for juveniles is revoked in United States. * [[2006]] – [[English language|English-language]] [[Wikipedia]] reaches its one millionth article, [[Jordanhill railway station]]. * [[2007]] – [[Tornado]]es [[February-March 2007 Tornado Outbreak|break out across]] the [[southern United States]], killing at least 20; eight of the deaths are at [[Enterprise High School (Alabama)|a high school]] in [[Enterprise, Alabama|Enterprise]], [[Alabama]]. * 2007 – [[Squatting|"Squatters"]] are [[evict]]ed from [[Ungdomshuset]] in [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]], provoking the [[March 2007 Denmark Riots]]. * [[2008]] – The [[Police of the Republic of Armenia|Armenian police]] clashed with peaceful opposition rally protesting against [[Armenian presidential election, 2008|allegedly fraudulent presidential elections 2008]] [[2008 Armenian presidential election protests|killing at least 10 people]]. == Births == * [[40]] – [[Martial]], Latin poet (d. 102) * [[1432]] – [[Isabel of Coimbra]], queen of Portugal (d. 1455) * [[1445]] – [[Sandro Botticelli]], Italian painter (d. 1510) * [[1449]] – [[Lorenzo de' Medici]], Italian statesman (d. 1492) * [[1456]] – King [[Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary]] (d. 1516) * [[1474]] – [[Angela Merici]], Italian nun (d. 1540) * [[1547]] – [[Rudolph Goclenius]], German philosopher (d. 1628) * [[1597]] – [[Jean-Charles de la Faille]], Flemish mathematician (d. 1652) * [[1611]] – [[John Pell]], English mathematician (d. 1685) * [[1657]] – [[Samuel Werenfels]], Swiss theologian (d. 1740) * [[1683]] – [[Caroline of Ansbach]], wife of [[George II of Great Britain]] (d. 1737) * [[1732]] – [[William Cushing]], 2nd [[Chief Justice of the United States]]. (d. 1810) * [[1760]] – [[François Nicolas Leonard Buzot]], French revolutionary (d. 1794) * [[1769]] – [[François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers]], French general (d. 1796) * [[1781]] – [[Javiera Carrera]], Chilean aristoctratic woman, sister of [[José Miguel Carrera]] (d. 1862) * [[1807]] – [[Wilford Woodruff]], fourth president of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (d. 1898) * [[1810]] – [[Frédéric Chopin]], Polish composer (d. 1849) * [[1812]] – [[Augustus Pugin]], English-born architect (d. 1852) * [[1817]] – [[Giovanni Duprè]], Italian sculptor (d. 1882) * [[1821]] – [[Joseph Hubert Reinkens]], German Catholic bishop (d. 1896) * [[1837]] – [[William Dean Howells]], American writer, historian, and politician (d. 1920) * [[1842]] – [[Nicholaos Gysis]], Greek painter (d. 1901) * [[1848]] – [[Augustus Saint-Gaudens]], Irish-born American sculptor (d. 1907) * [[1852]] – [[Théophile Delcassé]], French statesman (d. 1923) * [[1858]] – [[Georg Simmel]], German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1918) * [[1863]] – [[Aleksandr Golovin (artist)|Alexander Golovin]], Russian painter (d. 1930) * [[1865]] – [[Abe Iso]], Japanese politician (d. 1949) * [[1871]] – [[Ben Harney]], American composer and ragtime pianist (d. 1938) * [[1876]] – [[Henri de Baillet-Latour]], Belgian [[International Olympic Committee|IOC]] president (d. 1942) * [[1880]] – [[Lytton Strachey]], British writer (d. 1932) * [[1886]] – [[Oskar Kokoschka]], Austrian painter and poet (d. 1980) * [[1888]] – [[Ewart Astill]], English cricketer (d. 1948) * [[1889]] – [[Watsuji Tetsuro]], Japanese philosopher (d. 1960) * [[1892]] – [[Ryūnosuke Akutagawa]], Japanese writer (d. 1927) * [[1893]] – [[Mercedes de Acosta]], American socialite (d. 1968) * [[1896]] – [[Dimitris Mitropoulos]], Greek conductor and composer (d. 1960) * 1896 – [[Moriz Seeler]], German writer and producer (d. 1942) * [[1899]] – [[Erich von dem Bach]], Nazi official (d. 1972) * [[1904]] – [[Paul Hartman]], American actor (d. 1973) * 1904 – [[Glenn Miller]], American bandleader (d. 1944) * [[1905]] – [[Doris Hare]], Welsh actress (d. 2000) * [[1910]] – [[Archer John Porter Martin]], English chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel laureate]] (d. 2002) * 1910 – [[David Niven]], English actor (d. 1983) * [[1912]] – [[Gerald Emmett Cardinal Carter]], archbishop of Toronto (d. 2003) * 1912 – [[Boris Chertok]], Polish-born Russian rocket designer * [[1914]] – [[Ralph Ellison]], American writer (d. 1994) * [[1914]] – [[Harry Caray]], American sportscaster (d. 1998) * [[1917]] – [[Robert Lowell]], American poet (d. 1977) * [[1918]] – [[Roger Delgado]], English actor (d. 1973) * 1918 – [[João Goulart]], [[President of Brazil]] (d. 1976) * 1918 – [[Gladys Noon Spellman]], American politician (d. 1988) * [[1920]] – [[Max Bentley]], Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1984) * [[1921]] – [[Terence Cardinal Cooke]], American Catholic archbishop (d. 1983) * 1921 – [[Richard Wilbur]], American poet * [[1922]] – [[William Gaines]], American publisher (d. 1992) * 1922 – [[Yitzhak Rabin]], [[Prime Minister of Israel]], recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. 1995) * [[1923]] – [[Kuczka Péter]], Hungarian writer and editor (d. 1999) * [[1924]] – [[Deke Slayton]], American astronaut (d. 1993) * [[1926]] – [[Robert Clary]], French-born actor * 1926 – [[Pete Rozelle]], American commissioner of the [[National Football League|NFL]] (d. 1996) * 1926 – [[Cesare Danova]], Italian-born American actor (d. 1992) * [[1927]] – [[Harry Belafonte]], American musician and activist * 1927 – [[Robert Bork]], American legal scholar * [[1928]] – [[Seymour Papert]], South African mathematician * 1928 – [[Jacques Rivette]], French film director * [[1929]] – [[Georgi Markov]], Bulgarian dissident (d. 1978) * [[1930]] – [[Gastone Nencini]], Italian cyclist (d. 1980) * [[1935]] – [[Robert Conrad]], American actor * [[1936]] – [[Monique Bégin]], French-Canadian politician * 1936 – [[Jean-Edern Hallier]], French author (d. 1997) * [[1937]] – [[Jed Allan]], American actor * [[1939]] – [[Leo Brouwer]], Cuban composer and guitarist * [[1940]] – [[David Broome]] CBE, Showjumper * [[1940]] – [[Robert Grossman]], American illustrator * [[1941]] – [[Joo Hyun]], South Korean actor * 1941 – [[Donnie Walsh]], American basketball coach and executive * [[1942]] – [[Richard Bowman Myers]], American soldier, 15th [[Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff]] * [[1943]] – [[Gil Amelio]], American venture capitalist * 1943 – [[Akinori Nakayama]], Japanese gymnast * 1943 – [[Richard H. Price]], American physicist * 1943 – [[Rashid Sunyaev]], Russian physicist * 1943 – [[José Ángel Iribar]], Spanish footballer * [[1944]] – [[John Breaux]], American politician, [[United States congressional delegations from Louisiana|former U.S. Senator from Louisiana]] * 1944 – [[Mike d'Abo]], English singer ([[Manfred Mann]]) * 1944 – [[Roger Daltrey]], English musician ([[The Who]]) * [[1945]] – [[Dirk Benedict]], American actor ([[The A-Team]], [[Battlestar Galactica (1978 TV series)|Battlestar Galactica]]) * [[1946]] – [[Lana Wood]], American actress * 1946 – [[Gerry Boulet]], French-Canadian singer (d. 1990) * 1946 – [[Elvin Bethea]], American football player * [[1947]] – [[Alan Thicke]], Canadian actor and songwriter * [[1948]] – [[Burning Spear]], Jamaican singer and musician * [[1951]] – [[Sergei Kourdakov]], former [[KGB]] agent * [[1952]] – [[Steven Barnes]], American writer * 1952 – [[Leigh Matthews]], former Australian Rules footballer and coach * 1952 – [[Martin O'Neill]], Northern Irish footballer and manager * 1952 – [[Brian Winters]], American basketball player and coach * [[1953]] – [[Richard Bruton]], Irish politician and economist * [[1954]] – [[Catherine Bach]], American actress * 1954 – [[Ron Howard]], American actor and director * [[1956]] – [[Timothy Daly]], American actor * 1956 – [[Dalia Grybauskaite]], [[President of Lithuania]] * [[1957]] – [[Peter Athans]], American mountaineer * [[1958]] – [[Bertrand Piccard]], Swiss balloonist and psychiatrist * 1958 – [[Nik Kershaw]], English musician * 1958 – [[Chosei Komatsu]], Japanese conductor * [[1959]] – [[Nick Griffin]], British far right politician * 1959 – [[Diamanto Manolakou]], Greek politician * [[1960]] – [[William Bennett (noise musician)|William Bennett]], English musician ([[Whitehouse (band)|Whitehouse]]) * [[1962]] – [[Melanie Moore]], American actress * [[1963]] – [[Rob Affuso]], American drummer * 1963 – [[Thomas Anders]], German singer ([[Modern Talking]]) * 1963 – [[Maurice Benard]], American actor * 1963 – [[Ron Francis]], Canadian ice hockey player * 1963 – [[Dan Michaels]], American musician and record producer * 1963 – [[Russell Wong]], American actor * [[1964]] – [[Paul Le Guen]], French football manager * 1964 – [[Clinton Gregory]], American musician * [[1965]] – [[Stewart Elliott]], Canadian jockey * 1965 – [[Booker Huffman]], American professional wrestler * 1965 – [[Mary Lou Lord]], American singer/songwriter * [[1966]] – [[Susan Auch]], Canadian speed-skater * [[1967]] – [[Yelena Afanasyeva]], Russian athlete * 1967 – [[George Eads]], American actor * 1967 – [[Aron Winter]], Dutch footballer * 1968 – [[Salil Ankola]], Indian cricketer & Indian TV Actor * [[1969]] – [[Javier Bardem]], Spanish actor * 1969 – [[Doug Creek]], American baseball player * 1969 – [[Dafydd Ieuan]], Welsh drummer ([[Super Furry Animals]]) * [[1971]] – [[Tyler Hamilton]], American cyclist * [[1973]] – [[Jack Davenport]], English actor * 1973 – [[Ryan Peake]], Canadian guitarist ([[Nickelback]]) * 1973 – [[Carlo Resoort]], Dutch DJ * 1973 – [[Chris Webber]], American basketball player * [[1974]] – [[Mark-Paul Gosselaar]], American actor * 1974 – [[Stephen Davis (American football)|Stephen Davis]], American football player * 1974 – [[Shane Harwood]], Australian cricketer * [[1976]] – [[Peter F. Bell]], Australian rules footballer * 1976 – [[Dave Malkoff]], American TV News Reporter * [[1977]] – [[Rens Blom]], Dutch athlete * 1977 – [[Esther Cañadas]], Spanish actress and supermodel * [[1978]] – [[Jensen Ackles]], American actor * 1978 – [[Donovan Patton]], Guamanian television star * 1978 – [[Alicia Leigh Willis]], American actress * [[1980]] – [[Shahid Afridi]], Pakistani cricketer * 1980 – [[Abdur Rehman]], Pakistani cricketer * 1980 – [[Djimi Traoré]], Malian footballer * [[1980]] – [[Ron Weasley]], British fictional character from the [[Harry Potter]] series * [[1981]] – [[Ana Hickmann]], Brazilian supermodel * 1981 – [[Adam LaVorgna]], American actor * 1981 – [[Will Power]], Australian racing driver * 1981 – [[Brad Winchester]], American ice hockey player * [[1983]] – [[Daniel da Silva Carvalho|Daniel Carvalho]], Brazilian footballer * 1983 – [[Elan Sara DeFan]], Mexican singer-songwriter * 1983 – [[Chris Hackett]], English footballer * 1983 – [[Blake Hawksworth]], Canadian baseball player * [[1984]] – [[Naima Mora]], American model * 1984 – [[Alexander Steen]], Canadian-born Swedish ice hockey player * 1984 – [[Jacob Lillyman]], Australian rugby league footballer * 1984 – [[Anthony Tupou]], Australian rugby league footballer * [[1985]] – [[J Leman]], American football player * 1985 – [[Andreas Ottl]], German footballer * [[1986]] – [[Jonathan Spector]], American footballer * [[1987]] – [[Ke$ha]], American singer * 1987 – [[Sammie]], American singer * [[1988]] – [[Trevor Cahill]], American baseball player * 1988 – [[Katija Pevec]], American actress * [[1989]] – [[Sonya Kitchell]], American singer * 1989 – [[Carlos Vela]], Mexican footballer * [[1990]] – [[Harry Eden]], English actor * 1991 – [[Patrick McMahon]], Preacher * [[1994]] – [[Justin Bieber]], Canadian pop/R&B singer. <!-- Do not add people without Wikipedia articles to this list. Do not trust “this year in history” websites for accurate date information. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. --> == Deaths == * [[589]] – [[Saint David]], [[Patron saint|Patron Saint]] of [[Wales]] (b. 500) * [[986]] – King [[Lothair of France]] (b. 941) * [[1131]] – King [[Stephen II of Hungary]] (b. 1101) * [[1233]] – Count [[Thomas I of Savoy]] (b. 1178) * [[1244]] – [[Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr]], son of [[Llywelyn the Great]] (b. 1200) * [[1320]] – [[Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan, Emperor Renzong of Yuan|Buyantu Khagan]], Emperor of the [[Mongolia]]n [[Yuan Dynasty]] (b. 1286) * [[1383]] – [[Amadeus VI of Savoy]] (b. 1334) * [[1510]] – [[Francisco de Almeida]], Portuguese soldier and explorer * [[1536]] – [[Bernardo Accolti]], Italian poet (b. 1465) * [[1546]] – [[George Wishart]], Scottish religious reformer (martyred) (b. 1513) * [[1620]] – [[Thomas Campion]], English poet and composer (b. 1567) * [[1633]] – [[George Herbert]], English poet and orator (b. 1593) * [[1643]] – [[Girolamo Frescobaldi]], Italian composer (b. 1583) * [[1661]] – [[Richard Zouch]], English jurist (b. 1590) * [[1697]] – [[Francesco Redi]], Italian physician (b. 1626) * [[1706]] – [[Heino Heinrich Graf von Flemming]], German field marshal and Governor of Berlin (b. 1632) * [[1734]] – [[Roger North (17th century)|Roger North]], English biographer (b. 1653) * [[1757]] – [[Edward Moore (dramatist)|Edward Moore]], English writer (b. 1712) * [[1768]] – [[Hermann Samuel Reimarus]], German philosopher and writer (b. 1694) * [[1773]] – [[Luigi Vanvitelli]], Italian architect (b. 1700) * [[1777]] – [[Georg Christoph Wagenseil]], Austrian composer (b. 1715) * [[1792]] – [[Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold II]], [[Holy Roman Emperor]] (b. 1747) * [[1817]] – [[Giacomo Quarenghi]], Italian architect (b. 1744) * [[1841]] – [[Claude Victor-Perrin, duc de Belluno]], French marshal (b. 1764) * [[1862]] – [[Peter Barlow (mathematician)|Peter Barlow]], English mathematician (b. 1776) * [[1875]] – [[Tristan Corbière]], French poet (b. 1845) * [[1879]] – [[Joachim Heer]], Swiss politician (b. 1825) * [[1884]] – [[Isaac Todhunter]], English mathematician (b. 1820) * [[1898]] – [[George Bruce Malleson]], English officer in India, author (b. 1825) * [[1906]] – [[José María de Pereda]], Spanish novelist (b. 1833) * [[1911]] – [[Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff]], Dutch chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1852) * [[1912]] – [[George Grossmith]], English actor and comic writer (b. 1847) * [[1914]] – [[Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto]] (b. 1845) * [[1920]] – [[John H. Bankhead]], U.S. Senator (b. 1842) * 1920 – [[Joseph Trumpeldor]], Russian Zionist (b. 1880) * [[1922]] – [[Rafael Moreno Aranzadi]], Spanish footballer (b. 1892) * [[1929]] – [[Royal H. Weller]], American politician (b. 1881) * [[1932]] – [[Frank Teschemacher]], American jazz clarinetist (b. 1906) * [[1933]] – [[Uładzimir Zylka]], Belarusian poet (b. 1900) * [[1936]] – [[Mikhail Kuzmin]], Russian writer (b. 1871) * [[1938]] – [[Gabriele D'Annunzio]], Italian writer, war hero, and politician (b. 1863) * [[1940]] – [[Anton Hansen Tammsaare]], Estonian author (b. 1878) * [[1942]] – [[George S. Rentz]], Navy chaplain (b. 1882) * [[1943]] – [[Alexandre Yersin]], Swiss physician (b. 1863) * [[1952]] – [[Mariano Azuela]], Mexican novelist (b. 1873) * [[1963]] – [[Irish Meusel]], American baseball player (b. 1893) * 1963 – [[Jorge Daponte]], Argentine racing driver (b. 1923) * [[1966]] – [[Fritz Houtermans]], German physicist (b. 1903) * [[1970]] – [[Lucille Hegamin]], American singer and entertainer (b. 1894) * [[1974]] – [[Bobby Timmons]], American jazz pianist (b. 1935) * [[1979]] – [[Mustafa Barzani]], Kurdish politician (b. 1903) * [[1980]] – [[Dixie Dean]], English footballer (b. 1907) * 1980 – [[Wilhelmina Cooper|Wilhelmina]], high-fashion model and owner of model agency (b. 1940) * [[1984]] – [[Jackie Coogan]], American actor (b. 1914) * [[1988]] – [[Joe Besser]], American comedian and actor (b. 1907) * [[1989]] – [[Vasantdada Patil]], Indian politician (b. 1917) * [[1991]] – [[Edwin H. Land]], American scientist and inventor ([[Polaroid Corporation]]) (b. 1909) * [[1995]] – [[Vladislav Listyev]], Russian television journalist (b. 1956) * 1995 – [[Georges J.F. Kohler]], German biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. 1946) * [[2000]] – [[Dennis Danell]], American guitarist ([[Social Distortion]]) (b. 1961) * [[2001]] – [[Henry Wade]], American lawyer (b. 1914) * [[2005]] – [[Peter Malkin]], Israeli secret agent (b. 1927) * [[2006]] – [[Harry Browne]], American politician and author (b. 1933) * 2006 – [[Johnny Jackson]], American musician (b. 1951) * 2006 – [[Peter Osgood]], English footballer (b. 1947) * 2006 – [[Jack Wild]], British actor (b. 1952) * [[2008]] – [[Raul Reyes]], second-in-command of FARC guerrilla (b. 1948) * [[2010]] – [[Kristian Digby]], television presenter (b. 1977) <!-- Do not add people without Wikipedia articles to this list Do not trust “this year in history” websites for accurate date information Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. --> == Holidays and observances == * [[Bahá'í Faith]] - Last Day (4 or 5) of [[Ayyám-i-Há]] (Intercalary Days) - days in the [[Bahá'í calendar]] devoted to service and gift giving. * [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] - Independence Day * [[Bulgaria]] - [[Baba Marta]] (мартеница) * [[Iceland]] - [[Beer day]] - This day in [[1989]] [[beer]] was allowed again * [[Korea]] - [[March 1st Movement|Independence Movement]] Day (''Samiljeol;'' 삼일절) * [[Roman Empire]] - [[Matronalia]] in honor of [[Hera|Juno]] * Roman Empire - Feriae Marti in honor of [[Mars (god)|Mars]] * Roman Empire - [[New Year]] * Roman Empire - The sacred fire of [[Rome]] was renewed (See [[Hestia|Vesta]]) * [[Romania]] - [[Mărţişor]] * [[Tasmania]] - [[Eight Hours Day]] * [[Wales]] - [[Saint David's Day]] * [[Western Australia]] - [[Labour day]] * [[Self Injury Awareness Day]] * [[Abdecalas]] * [[Saint Albin]] * [[Saint Monan]], largely legendary [[Scotland|Scottish]] saint. * [[Saint Swidbert]] * [[March 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)]] * [[Abdalong of Marseilles]] - informal feast == External links == * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/1 BBC: On This Day] * [http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Mar&day=01 On This Day in Canada] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20121209022512/http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Mar&day=01 |date=2012-12-09 }} *[https://www.mashop.nl/product-category/tassen/ Tassen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729023127/https://mashop.nl/product-category/tassen/ |date=2021-07-29 }} *https://www.kullanatfabrikasi.com/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614041643/https://www.kullanatfabrikasi.com/ |date=2021-06-14 }}] *[https://www.kullanatfabrikasi.com/kategori/kraft-cantalar Kraft Çantalar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526011620/https://kullanatfabrikasi.com/kategori/kraft-cantalar |date=2022-05-26 }} ---- {{months}} [[Ẹ̀ka:March|March 01]] guhh4z56x20vax4mvfulstexg5e620o 0 16908 637128 614078 2026-09-17T04:09:09Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Chris Abani | image = Chris Abani by David Shankbone.jpg | caption = Abani in 2007 | birth_name = Christopher Abani | birth_date = {{birth-date and age|27 December 1966}} | birth_place = [[Afikpo]], [[Ebonyi State]], Nigeria | occupation = Author, poet, professor | known_for = | website = {{URL|www.chrisabani.com}} }} [[Image:Chris Abani - Ode to Joy - Levendaal 81, Leiden.JPG|thumb|The poem "Ode to Joy" on a wall in the Dutch city of [[Leiden]]]] '''Christopher Abani''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1966) jẹ́ ounkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].Christopher Abani je omo bibi ipinle [[Ebonyi]]. Ó máa n sọ pé óun jẹ́ ókan nínú àwọn akọ̀wé tuntun láti Nàìjíríà tí ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti fi irírí àwọn tí wọ́n bí sí Nàìjíríà tí wọn ní ìṣòro hàn fún àwọn tí ń ka Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. == Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni == Abani tí a bí ní Afikpo, Ìpínlẹ̀ [[Ebonyi]], ní gúúsù ìlà oòrùn Nàìjíríà. Bàbá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ọmọ Igbo, ìyá rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ ọmọ ìran ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-feb-18-ca-abani18-story.html</ref>. Abani tẹ̀ ìwé àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ jáde, [[Masters of the Board]], ní ọdún 1985 nígbà tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún (16)<ref>http://www.poemhunter.com/chris-abani/biography/</ref>. Ó jẹ́ ìtàn ìjàfààrọ̀ olóṣèlú tí ó dá lórí ìfipágbàjọba ológun tí wọ́n ṣe ní Nàìjíríà ní àsìkò náà. Wọ́n tìí mọ́lé fún oṣù mẹ́fà ní ììfura pé ó gbìyànjú láti yí ìjọba padà<ref>https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/abani-chris-1967</ref>. Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti máa kọ̀we lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tu ú sílẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tún tún tì mọ́lẹ́ fún ọdún kan lẹ́yìn tí ó tẹ̀ ìwé rẹ̀ [[Sirocco]] jáde ní ọdún 1987<ref>https://aceworldpub.com.ng/chris-abani-what-you-need-to-know-abou/</ref>. Ní àsìkò yìí, wọ́n tìí mọ́n ọgbà ẹ̀wọ̀n Kiri Kiri tí ó gbajúmọ̀, tí wọn sì dá ṣẹ̀ríà fún<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://www.poetryoutloud.org/poet/chris-abani/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921233930/https://www.poetryoutloud.org/poet/chris-abani/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tún tu ú sílẹ̀, ó kọ ọ̀pọ̀ eré ìtakò ìjọba tí wọ́n ṣe ní ojú ọ̀nà níwájú ọ́fíìsì ìjọba fún ọdún méjì. Wọ́n tún tìí mọ́lé fún ìgbà ẹ̀kẹta, wọ́n sì ,kaa mọn ara àwọn tí wọn fẹ́ pa, ìyẹn “death row<ref>https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/chris-abani</ref>.” Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ ti fún àwọn alákóso ìjọba ní owó àbẹ̀tẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìtúsílẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1991, wọ́n sì kúrò ní Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ìyá rẹ̀ àti àwọn arákùnrin mẹ́rin rẹ̀, wọ́n lọ sí Ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, wọ́n sì gbé níbẹ̀ títí di ọdún 1999<ref>http://www.oxfordaasc.com/article/opr/t338/e0002</ref>. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó kó lọ sí Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà, níbi tí ó n gbé títí di òní<ref>http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/chris-abani</ref>. ==Ètò-èkó àti Iṣẹ́ ṣíṣe == Abani gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí B.A nínú English and Literary Studies ní Fásitì ti ìpínlẹ̀ Imo, orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, M.A nínú Gender and Culture ní [[Birkbeck College]], [[University of London]], M.A nínú Imo-ede Geesi ní University of Southern California, [https://dornsife.usc.edu/cwphd àti Ph.D nínú Creative Writing and Literature ní University of Southern California]<ref>https://english.northwestern.edu/people/faculty/abani-chris.html</ref>. Abani ti gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ [[PEN/Barbara Goldsmith Freedom to Write Award]], [[Prince Claus Awards]] ti ọdún 2001, [[Lantern Literary Fellowship]], [[California Book Award]], [[Hurston-Wright Legacy Award]] àti [[Hemingway Foundation/PEN Award]]. Díẹ̀ nínú àwọn ewì rẹ̀ jáde nínú jọ́nà kan lórí ẹ̀rọ ayárabíáṣàá ''[[Blackbird (journal)|Blackbird]].'' Láti ọdún 2007 sí ọdún 2012, ó jẹ́ ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n ti Creative Writing ní [[University of California, Riverside]]. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, óun ni Olùdarí ètò ẹ̀kọ́ nípa Afrika ní [[Northwestern University]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://africanstudies.northwestern.edu/people/staff/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |archive-date=2025-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251203064447/https://africanstudies.northwestern.edu/people/staff/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. O tun wà nínú àwọn olùdarí ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n fún èdè gẹ̀ẹ́sì níbẹ̀<ref>https://english.northwestern.edu/people/faculty/abani-chris.html</ref>. Ìwé ewì rẹ̀ ''Sanctificum'' (tí [[Copper Canyon Press]] gbé jáde, ní ọdún 2010), jẹ́ àkójọ ewì tí ó dá lórí àṣà ẹ̀sìn, èdè Igbo tí o jẹ́ ìpìlẹ rẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà àti orin reggae sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí orin ìfẹ́ adúróṣinṣin tí kò ní ìyàsọtọ̀.. Irin-àjò rẹ̀ sípò olùtẹ̀wéjáde mú kí ó dá [[Black Goat poetry series]] sílẹ̀, tí ó jẹ́ apá Akashic Books<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200718194144/http://sabiwriters.com/top-renowned-writer-africa/</ref> ní New York. Àwọn akéwì bí [[Kwame Dawes]], [[Christina Garcia]], [[Kate Durbin]], [[Karen Harryman]], [[Uche Nduka]], [[Percival Everett]], [[Khadijah Queen]] àti [[Gabriela Jauregui]] ti tẹ̀ ìwé jáde lábẹ́ [[Black Goat]]<ref>https://www.spokenwordarchive.org.uk/content/artist/chris-abani</ref>. Ìwé ìtàn ọdaran Abani, [[The Secret History of Las Vegas]], gba [[Edgar Allan Poe Award]] fún Best Paperback Original ní ọdún 2015<ref>http://theedgars.com/awards/category-list-best-paperback-original/</ref>. Ní ìgbà ooru ọdún 2016, wọ́n tẹ àkójọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ jáde ní [[Israel]] lábẹ́ ile-ìtẹ̀jáde olominira Ra'av pẹ̀lú orúkọ [[Shi'ur Geografia]] (“Geography Lesson”) tí àtúnṣe rẹ̀ wáyé láti ọwọ́ [[Noga Shevach]] àti olùkọwé [[Eran Tselgov]]. Wọ́n gba ìwé náà dáadáa, wọ́n sì fi hàn àwọn olùkà èdè Heberu àwọn ewì Abani fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́. ==Ààtò àwọn ìwé tí ó ti tẹ̀== '''Novels''' *''Masters of the Board'' (Delta, 1985) *''[[GraceLand]]'' (FSG, 2004/Picador 2005) *''The Virgin of Flames'' (Penguin, 2007) *''[[The Secret History of Las Vegas]]'' (Penguin, 2014) '''Novellas''' *''[[Becoming Abigail]]'' (Akashic Books, 2006) *''[[Song For Night]]'' (Akashic Books, 2007) '''Poetry''' *''[[Kalakuta Republic]]'' (Saqi, 2001). *''Daphne's Lot'' (Red Hen Press, 2003) *''Dog Woman'' (Red Hen Press, 2004) *''Hands Washing Water'' (Copper Canyon Press, 2006) *''There are no names for red'' ([[Red Hen Press]], 2010) *''Feed me the sun'' ([[Peepal Tree Press]], 2010) *''Sanctificum'' ([[Copper Canyon Press]], 2010) '''Essays''' *''The Face'' (Restless Books, 2014) ==Àwọn Àmì Ẹ̀yẹ tí ó gbà== Ní ọdún 2001, Abani gba Middleton Fellowship láti University of Southern California<ref>https://doi.org/10.17925%2Fusn.2016.12.01.22</ref>. Ní ọdún 2003, ó gba Lannan Foundation Literary Fellowship<ref>https://lannan.org/literary/awards-and-fellowships/fiction-awards</ref>, pẹ̀lú Hellman/Hammet Grant láti Human Rights Watch<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200615142707/https://charterforcompassion.org/annotated-bibliography/contemporary-poetry</ref>. Ní ọdún 2006, Becoming Abigail ni wọ́n yan gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé Editor’s Choice fún The New York Times<ref>https://www.fantasticfiction.com/a/chris-abani/</ref>, àti Critic’s Choice fún Chicago Reader<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/chris-abani/Content?oid=921654 |access-date=2025-12-09 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728184015/https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/chris-abani/Content?oid=921654 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. Ó tún jẹ́ ìwé tí wọ́n yan fún book club ní Essence Magazine<ref>https://browngirlreading.com/tag/chris-abani/</ref> àti Black Expressions<ref>https://www.npr.org/books/titles/138344719/becoming-abigail</ref>. Ní ọdún 2007, The Virgin of Flames<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/04/books/review/0204bb-hardcover.html</ref> àti Song for Night<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/16/books/review/Casey-t.html</ref> jẹ́ àwọn ìwé Editor’s Choice fún The New York Times. The Virgin of Flames tún jẹ́ Barnes & Noble Discovery Selection<ref>https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/298926/the-virgin-of-flames-by-chris-abani/</ref>, tí Becoming Abigail sì jẹ́ ìwé inú yàrá ìkàwé ti New York fún àwọn ọ̀dọ́<ref>http://www.editorialempatia.com/</ref>. Ní ọdún 2008, Abani gba Distinguished Humanist Award láti University of California, Riverside<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/chris-abani/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |archive-date=2022-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116140648/https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/chris-abani/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. Ní ọdún 2009, Abani gba Guggenheim Fellowship ní ẹ̀ka ìtàn àròsọ (Fiction)<ref>https://www.guernicamag.com/guernica_and_disquiet_internat/</ref>. {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |+Awards for Abani's writing !Year !Title !Award !Result !Ref. |- ! rowspan="2" |2001 | |PEN USA West Freedom-to-Write Award | |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chris Abani |url=https://www.chrisabani.com/ |access-date=2020-05-26 |website=Official site of Chris Abani |language=en |archive-date=2020-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604073717/https://www.chrisabani.com/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |- | |[[Prince Claus Award]] for Literature & Culture | |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chris Abani |url=https://www.english.northwestern.edu/people/faculty/abani-chris.html |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=Department of English: [[Northwestern University]] |language=en}}</ref> |- !2002 | |Imbongi Yesizwe Poetry International Award | |<ref name=":0" /> |- ! rowspan="6" |2005 |"Blooding" in ''[[StoryQuarterly]]'' |[[Pushcart Prize]] |Nominee |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Community of Writers |url=https://communityofwriters.org/alumni-news/ |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=Community of Writers |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''[[GraceLand]]'' |[[PEN/Hemingway Award]] for Debut Novel |'''Winner''' |<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-23 |title=PEN/Hemingway Award for Debut Novel |url=https://pen.org/pen-hemingway-award/ |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=PEN America |language=en}}</ref> |- |''[[GraceLand]]'' |[[Hurston/Wright Legacy Award]] for Debut Novel |'''Winner''' |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-11-04 |title=Hurston/Wright Legacies for the Year |url=https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=86 |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=[[Shelf Awareness ]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Chris Abani, Blackbird |url=https://blackbird.vcu.edu/v8n1/features/abani_c/index.shtml |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=Blackbird}}</ref> |- |''[[GraceLand]]'' |[[California Book Award]] for Fiction |Silver Medal |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-27 |title=Faculty Biographies {{!}} Master of Fine Arts in Writing |url=https://www.pacificu.edu/mfa-writing/faculty-biographies |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=Pacific University |language=en}}</ref> |- |''[[GraceLand]]'' |[[Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Fiction|''Los Angeles Times'' Book Prize for Fiction]] |Finalist |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-25 |title=2004 Los Angeles Times Book Prize - Fiction Winner and Nominees |url=https://www.awardsarchive.com/2004-los-angeles-times-book-prize-fiction-winner-and-nominees/ |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=Awards Archive |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''[[GraceLand]]'' |[[Commonwealth Writers Prize]] Best Books (Africa Region) |Finalist |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-06 |title=Chris Abani: I'm as guilty as Achebe |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/chris-abani-im-as-guilty-as-achebe/ |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" |2006 |"{{Sortname|A|Way To Turn This To Light|nolink=1}}" |[[Pushcart Prize]] for Poetry |Nominee |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poets – Vandal Poem of the Day |url=https://poetry.lib.uidaho.edu/poets/ |access-date=2020-05-28 |language=en}}</ref> |- |''[[GraceLand]]'' |[[International Dublin Literary Award]] |Shortlist |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2006 Shortlist |url=https://dublinliteraryaward.ie/award-archive/2006-shortlist/ |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=[[International DUBLIN Literary Award]] |language=en-US |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728142534/https://dublinliteraryaward.ie/award-archive/2006-shortlist/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" |2007 |''[[Becoming Abigail]]'' |[[PEN/Beyond Margins Award]] |Finalist |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Writers at Newark Reading Series: Adrian Matejka and Chris Abani {{!}} Rutgers University - Newark |url=https://www.newark.rutgers.edu/events/writers-newark-reading-series-adrian-matejka-and-chris-abani |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=www.newark.rutgers.edu |language=en |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728142717/https://www.newark.rutgers.edu/events/writers-newark-reading-series-adrian-matejka-and-chris-abani |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |''Sanctificum'' |[[Pushcart Prize]] for Poetry |Nominee |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Featured Poets {{!}} 2010 {{!}} Biennial Festivals {{!}} Programs {{!}} Split This Rock |url=https://www.splitthisrock.org/programs/festival-biennial/2010/featured-poets/ |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=www.splitthisrock.org}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" |2008 |''[[Song for Night|Song For Night]]'' |[[PEN/Beyond Margins Award]] |'''Winner''' |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Book News: PEN American Center Selects Beyond Margins Award Winners |url=https://www.libraryjournal.com/?detailStory=book-news-pen-american-center-selects-beyond-margins-award-winners |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=Library Journal}}</ref> |- |''{{Sortname|The|Virgin of Flames|nolink=1}}'' |Lamada Award |Nominee |<ref>{{Cite web |title=April 2019 |url=http://writing.upenn.edu/wh/calendar/0419.php |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=writing.upenn.edu}}</ref> |- !2009 |''Song For Night'' |[[St. Francis College Literary Prize]] |Shortlist |<ref>{{Cite web |first= |date=2009-09-16 |title=St. Francis College Literary Prize; NAIBA Book Awards |url=https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=1009 |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=[[Shelf Awareness]]}}</ref> |- !2015 |''{{Sortname|The|Secret History of Las Vegas}}'' |[[Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Paperback Original]] |'''Winner''' |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2015-05-01 |title=Awards: Edgar Winners; Ridenhour Book |url=https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2498 |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=[[Shelf Awareness]]}}</ref> |} ==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí== {{reflist}} {{igbesiaye|1966|LIVING|Abani, Chris}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà]] qhkqg94kvepeecdnnjxucbsphwqrao7 0 35656 637165 636760 2026-09-17T09:41:29Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|English actor (born 1933)}}{{Use British English|date=March 2026}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}{{Infobox actor|honorific_prefix=[[Sir]]|name=Michael Caine|honorific_suffix={{postnom|country=GBR|size=100|CBE}}|image=Michael Caine - Viennale 2012 g (cropped).jpg|caption=Caine ní ọdún 2012|birth_name=Maurice Joseph Micklewhite|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1933|3|14}}|birth_place=London, England|occupation=Òṣèré|years_active=1950–2023<ref name="outofretirement">{{cite magazine |issn=0957-4948 |last=King |first=Jordan |date=8 September 2025 |title=Michael Caine To Come Out Of Retirement, Aged 92, For Vin Diesel's The Last Witch Hunter 2 |url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/michael-caine-to-come-out-of-retirement-aged-92-for-vin-diesels-the-last-witch-hunter-2/ |magazine=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] |access-date=13 October 2023 |publisher=[[Bauer Media Group]]}}</ref><!-- Do NOT add 2025. Only add a year once it is confirmed that the filming has begun/it's in production. -->|works=[[Michael Caine filmography|Filmography]]|spouse={{unbulleted list | {{marriage|[[Patricia Haines]]|1954|1958|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Shakira Baksh]]|8 January 1973}} }}|children=Méjì|relatives=[[Stanley Caine]] (brother)|awards=[[List of awards and nominations received by Michael Caine|Full list]] {{Infobox military person |embed = yes |embed_title = Military Service |allegiance = [[United Kingdom]] |branch = [[British Army]] |service_years = 1951–1953 |unit = [[Royal Fusiliers|C Company, 1st Royal Fusiliers]] |rank = Private |battles = [[Korean War]] |awards = {{ubl|[[Korea Medal]] | [[United Nations Service Medal Korea|UN Korea Medal]]}} }}|website={{URL|michaelcaine.com}}|module={{listen |embed=yes |filename=Michael_Caine_BBC_Radio4_Front_Row_29_Sept_2010_b00tyv8c.flac |title=Michael Caine's voice |type=speech |description=from the BBC programme ''[[Front Row (radio programme)|Front Row Interviews]]'', 29 September 2010.<ref name="FR radio4">{{cite episode |title=Michael Caine |series=Front Row |department=Interviews |series-link=Front Row (radio programme) |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00tyv8c |station=[[BBC Radio 4]] |date=29 September 2010 |access-date=18 January 2014}}</ref>}}|signature=Michael Caine Signature.png}}'''Sir Michael Caine''' (wọ́n bi ní '''Maurice Joseph Micklewhite'''; ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹta, ọdún 1933) jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tó sì ti fẹ̀yìn tì.<ref name="mcintosh bbc">{{cite news|last=McIntosh|first=Steven|date=13 October 2023|title=Michael Caine confirms retirement from acting after ''The Great Escaper''|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-67099084|access-date=13 October 2023}}</ref> Ó jẹ́ ẹni mímọ̀ fún ìlò ẹ̀ka-èdè Cockney rẹ̀,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Reed|first1=Rex|title=Michael Caine's 'Best Sellers' Has Something to Say About the Death of Literacy, If You Can Manage to Stay Awake|url=https://observer.com/2021/09/michael-caines-best-sellers-has-something-to-say-about-the-death-of-literacy-if-you-can-manage-to-stay-awake/|work=[[The Observer]]|date=16 September 2021|language=en|access-date=20 August 2022}}</ref> fún ọdún ọgọ́rin tí ó fi ṣeré, ó ti hàn nínú àwọn eré tó lé ní òjìlélọ́gọ́rùndínẹ̀wá iye, ó sì tún jẹ́ mímọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ẹlẹ́yẹ àṣà ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/michael-caine-retiring-best-sellers-b1939591.html|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/michael-caine-retiring-best-sellers-b1939591.html|archive-date=12 May 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|title=Michael Caine 'not retiring' despite saying Best Sellers was his 'last part'|work=[[The Independent]]|first=Roisin|last=O'Connor|date=16 October 2021|access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/arts-and-culture/sir-michael-caine-story-british-film-icon-558117|title=Sir Michael Caine – story of a British film icon|work=[[The Yorkshire Post]]|first=Hannah|last=Stephenson|date=18 October 2018|access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> Ó ti gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ tí ó pẹ̀lú [[Academy Awards]] méjì, BAFTA Award kan, [[Golden Globe Awards]] mẹ́ta, àtiScreen Actors Guild Award kan. Ní ọdún 2017, àwọn eré tí Caine ti jẹyọ ti ní àkójọ bílíọ́nù $7.8 láàgbáyé.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-numbers.com/person/22680401-Michael-Caine#tab=summary=acting|title=Michael Caine – Box Office Data Movie Star|website=The-numbers.com|access-date=20 March 2014|archive-date=22 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322224459/https://www.the-numbers.com/person/22680401-Michael-Caine#tab=summary=acting|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Caine jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn òṣèré ọkùnrin márùn-ún ṣoṣo tí wọ́n di yíyàn fún Academy Award nípasẹ̀ eré ṣíṣe ní ẹ̀marùn-ún ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ láàdọ́ta ọdún. Ní ọdún 2000, ó gba BAFTA Fellowship ó sì tún gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ "Sir" tí [[Queen Elizabeth II]] bù fún un. Ó sábà máa ń jẹyọ nínú àwọn eré gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ẹlẹ́ka èdè apá ìlà-oòrùn London, Caine tayọ ni 1960s nípasẹ̀ ìjẹyọ rẹ̀ nínú àwọn eré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì bí i ''Zulu'' (1964), ''The Ipcress File'' (1965), ''The Italian Job'' (1969), àti ''Battle of Britain'' (1969). Lásìkò yìí, ó ti fìdí rẹ̀ múlẹ̀ lọ́nà tó tayọ nípasẹ̀ wíwọ ìgò-ojú tó ki pẹ̀lú ẹ̀wù súútù tó yanrantí àti ìlànà ìgbọ́rọ̀kalẹ̀ rẹ̀ lọ́nà tó lọ tààrà; ó di mímọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ìrísí rẹ̀ gún régé ní 1960s.<ref name="The Times">{{cite news|title=Classic film of the week: ''The Ipcress File'' (1965)|url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/classic-film-of-the-week-the-ipcress-file-1965-386gnbsqgz5|access-date=17 June 2022|work=[[The Times]]|quote=Michael Caine is the epitome of Sixties cool in his first outing as the secret agent Harry Palmer. His cockney smarts, his horn-rimmed glasses}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Style Heroes: 1960s Michael Caine|url=https://therake.com/stories/style/michael-caine-1960s-style-hero/|access-date=17 June 2022|work=The Rake|quote=Caine's signature was undoubtedly his thick, horn-rimmed glasses. He wore a number of subtly varying styles throughout the sixties}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Australian Penthouse – Michael Caine: 1960s|url=https://www.reelartpress.com/press/details/135|access-date=17 June 2022|work=Real Art Press|quote=With his no-nonsense, laconic delivery, horn-rimmed glasses and sharply cut suits, he epitomised a new class of British cool. 'Michael Caine was the 1960s' ...}}</ref> Ó túbọ̀ fìdí rẹ̀ múlẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìkópa rẹ̀ nínú àwọn eré bí i ''Get Carter'' (1971), ''The Last Valley'' (1971), ''The Man Who Would Be King'' (1975), ''The Eagle Has Landed'' (1976), àti ''A Bridge Too Far'' (1977). Caine gba Academy Award fún Amúgbálẹ́ẹ̀gbẹ́ Òṣeré tó Tayọ jù lọ fún ipa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Elliot nínú eré [[Woody Allen]] ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (1986), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Dr. Wilbur Larch nínú eré Lasse Hallström ''The Cider House Rules'' (1999). Àwọn eré mìíràn tí ó fi di yíyàn fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Oscar ni ''Alfie'' (1966), ''Sleuth'' (1972), ''Educating Rita'' (1983), and ''The Quiet American'' (2002)—mẹ́rẹ́ẹ̀rin ni fún Òṣeré tó Tayọ jù lọ. Àwọn eré mìíràn tó gbajúgbajà pẹ̀lú ''California Suite'' (1978), ''Dressed to Kill'' (1980), ''Mona Lisa'' (1986), ''Little Voice'' (1998), ''Quills'' (2000), ''Children of Men'' (2006), ''Harry Brown'' (2009), àti ''Youth'' (2015). Caine tún di mímọ̀ fún ìkópa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Ebenezer Scrooge nínú ''The Muppet Christmas Carol'' (1992), àti fún ipa apanílẹ̀rín rẹ̀ nínú ''Dirty Rotten Scoundrels'' (1988), ''Miss Congeniality'' (2000), ''Austin Powers in Goldmember'' (2002), àti ''Secondhand Lions'' (2003). Caine kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Alfred Pennyworth nínú eré ''Batman'' onípìn-ín mẹ́ta Christopher Nolan (2005–2012), ó sì tún hàn nínú àwọn eré Nolan márùn-ún mìíràn: ''The Prestige'' (2006), ''Inception'' (2010), ''Interstellar'' (2014), ''Dunkirk'' (2017), àti ''Tenet'' (2020). Ó fi fífẹ́yìntì rẹ̀ mọ nínú eré ṣíṣe nígbà tó ń ṣeré ìkẹ́yìn rẹ̀ tí ń ṣe ''The Great Escaper'' (2023). == Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Ìgbésí-ayé rẹ̀ == {{multiple image|align=right|direction=vertical|header=|width=220|image1=Sir Michael Caine Plaque - geograph.org.uk - 497396.jpg|width1=|alt1=|caption1=Púlákì búlúù tí ó fi ibùdó ìbí Caine hàn ní St Olave's Hospital ní Rotherhithe, gúúsù-mọ́-ìlà-oòrùn London|image2=-2019-07-04 Michael Caine Blue Plaque, North Runcton, Norfolk.jpg|width2=|alt2=|caption2=Púlákì búlúù ní ilé-ìwé tí tẹ́lẹ̀ ní North Runcton níbi tí ó ti di gbígbàlà nígbà ogun, tí ó sì ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré orí-ìtàgé àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀}} Wọ́n bí Michael Caine gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Maurice Joseph Micklewhite sí St Olave's Hospital ní agbègbè Rotherhithe ti London ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹta, ọdún 1933,{{sfn|Caine|1992}}<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michael-Caine "Michael Caine Biography"], ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Accessed 9 July 2023.</ref>{{sfn|Caine|2010|p=16}} ó jẹ́ ọmọ alásè àti agbálẹ̀ Ellen Frances Marie (tí orúkọ àbísọ jẹ́ Burchell; 1900–1989)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timedetectives.co.uk/doc/MichaelCaineFamilyTree.pdf|title=Michael Caine Family Tree|access-date=26 April 2013}}</ref>{{sfn|Caine|2010|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780805093902/page/6 6]}} àti alábàárù ní ọjà ẹja tí òun náà jẹ́ Maurice Joseph Micklewhite (1899–1956). Kátólíìkì ni bàbá rẹ̀. Àtẹ̀jáde kan lórí''The Irish Times'' fi hàn pé bàbá Caine wá láti ìdílé arìnrìn-àjò [[Ireland]],<ref name="IT1">{{cite news|last1=Clarke|first1=Donald|title=Michael Caine: Still willing to blow the bloody doors off|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/film/michael-caine-still-willing-to-blow-the-bloody-doors-off-1.3619061|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|publisher=Irish Times Trust|access-date=4 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604135127/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/film/michael-caine-still-willing-to-blow-the-bloody-doors-off-1.3619061|archive-date=4 June 2024|location=[[Tara Street, Dublin]]|language=en|date=8 September 2018}}</ref> ṣùgbọ́n Caine fúnra rẹ̀ mẹ́nu bà á àti lórí abala ''Inside the Actors Studio kan'' pé bàbá rẹ̀ ṣẹ́ ẹ̀ láti ara àwọn tí a mọ̀ sí Gypsy ni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Michael Caine - The Talks|url=https://the-talks.com/interview/sir-michael-caine/|access-date=2026-09-06|website=the-talks.com}}</ref><ref>''Inside the Actors Studio'', season 6, episode 5 (9 January 2000). ''I don't look like a Gypsy [...] my father was [a] very dark, swarthy Gypsy''</ref> Ìyá Caine tọ ní ìlànà ẹ̀sìn Protestant.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/showbiz-and-lifestyle/2009/05/01/caine-s-magical-performance-in-is-anybody-out-there-91466-23519005/|title=Lifestyle – Caine's magical performance in Is Anybody Out There?|website=WalesOnline|date=1 May 2009|access-date=6 July 2012}}</ref> Ó ní àbúrò ọkùnrin, Stanley (1935–2013), tí òun náà di òṣèré, ó sì tún ní ẹ̀gbọ́n ọmọkùnrin láti ọ̀dọ̀ ìyá rẹ̀ tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń ṣe David Burchell. Ó dàgbà ní agbègbè Southwark ní London; nígbà [[Second World War]], wọ́n gbà á là láti {{convert|100|mi|km}} lọ sí North Runcton, ní Norfolk, níbi tí ó ti kọ́kọ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ṣíṣe ní ilé-ìwé abúlé ibẹ̀ tí ó sì tún ti ní ẹṣin ọ̀sìn tí ó ń jẹ́ Lottie.{{sfn|Caine|2018}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.runctonweb.co.uk/mcaine.html|title=Michaorfolk childhood|website=Runctonweb.co.uk|access-date=17 October 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830215052/http://www.runctonweb.co.uk/mcaine.html|archive-date=30 August 2009}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn ogun náà, wọ́n gbé bàbá rẹ̀ kúrò níbi tí wọ́n ń gbé tẹ́lẹ̀, àjọ náà sí gba ẹbí rẹ̀ sílé sí Marshall Gardens ní agbègbè Elephant and Castle ní London, tí wọ́n ń gbé nínú ilé tí ó ti di kíkọ́ sílẹ̀ láti Canada, nítorí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ilé ni ó ti bàjẹ́ nígbà ogun náà.{{sfn|Caine|2010|p=28}} Caine kọ sínú ìtàn ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ nígbà tí ó yá, "Àwọn ilé-àkọ́sílẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe mọ̀ wọ́n sí, yẹ kí wọ́n jẹ́ ilé fún ìgbà díẹ̀ ni nígbà tí London ń di kíkọ́ padà, ṣùgbọ́n a gbé bẹ̀ fún ọdún méjìdínlógún—àti pé fún wa, lẹ́yìn tí a ti gbé nílé tó fún pá pẹ̀lú ilé-ìgbọ̀nsẹ̀ níta, ó nìyí púpọ̀."{{sfn|Caine|2010|p=29}} Nígbà tí Caine pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́wàá, ó kópa nínú eré ''Cinderella'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí i bàbá àwọn ọmọbìnrin tó bùrẹ́wà. Síìpù ṣòkòtò rẹ̀ wà ní ṣíṣí sílẹ̀, èyí tó mu kí àwọn olùwòran máa bú sẹ̀rín, tí ó ṣokùnfà ìtẹ̀síwáju rẹ̀ nínú eré ṣíṣe.<ref name="most searched">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9obGdzeSD4|title=Morgan Freeman, Michael Caine, and Alan Arkin Answer the Web's Most Searched Questions|type=Video presentation|date=6 April 2017|access-date=19 March 2020|via=YouTube|magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]}}</ref> Ní ọdún 1944, ó yege nínú àyẹ̀wò-ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn ọmọ ọdún mọ́kànlá-jù-bẹẹ-lọ, tí ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ẹ̀kọ́-ọ̀fẹ́ lọ sí Hackney Downs School. Lẹ́yìn ọdún kan ní bẹ́ẹ̀, ó tún lọ sí Wilson's School ní Camberwell, èyí tí ó fi sílẹ̀ ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba School Certificates nínú ẹ̀kọ́ mẹ́fà. Ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ fún ìgbà díẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ àmójútó-ìwé ilé-iṣẹ́ àti ajíṣẹ́ fún ilé-iṣẹ́ fíìmù kan ní Victoria, London àti fún agbéréjáde Jay Lewis lórí Wardour Street.<ref name="70notout">{{cite book|year=2004|first=William|last=Hall|isbn=1-84454-019-7|title=The Biography of Sir Michael Caine; 70 Not Out|publisher=John Blake}}</ref> == Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí == <references /> tr1fiwixs5wt5vj4tvwv9ua5wa5218o 0 38511 637152 507628 2026-09-17T07:39:45Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Officeholder | name = Ita Solomon Enang | image = | imagesize = | caption = | office1 = Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin àgbà | term_start1 = Oṣù karún ọdún 1999 | term_end1 = Oṣù karún ọdún 2011 | predecessor1 = | successor1 = | constituency1 =Ibiono Ibom (Akwa Ibom) | office2 =Aṣojú ní ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin àgbà | term_start2 =Oṣù karún ọdún 2011 | term_end2 =Oṣù karún ọdún 2015 | predecessor2 = [[Effiong Dickson Bob]] | successor2 = | constituency2 =Àríwá-ìwọ oòrùn Akwa Ibom | majority = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1962|8|23|df=y}} | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = | party = [[All Progressive Congress (Nigeria)|All Progressive Congress]] (APC) | spouse = | children = | residence = | alma_mater = | occupation = Agbẹjọ́rò | profession = | religion = | website = http://www.itaenanglaw.com/ | footnotes = }} '''Ita Enang''' (bí ní ojọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹjọ Ọdún 1962) jẹ́ olùrànlọ́wọ́ àgbà fún Ààrẹ [[ Muhammadu Buhari]] lórí ọ̀rọ̀ ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin. Ó jẹ́ olóṣèlú ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè [[Nigeria|Nàìjíríà]] tí wọ́n dìbò yàn wọlé gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣojú Itu àti Ibiono Ibom, [[Akwa Ibom State|Ìpínlẹ̀ Ibom State]] ní ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin kékeré ti ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà lati ọdún 1999 sí 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africansearchlight.com/RepIta.html|author=Olufemi Soneye|work=African Searchlight|title=Hon. Enang Ita Solomon|accessdate=2011-05-03|archive-date=2011-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903101937/http://www.africansearchlight.com/RepIta.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=nassnig>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass2/portfolio/profile.php?id=Hon.Enang.Solomon|title=HON. ITA SOLOMON JAMES ENANG|publisher=The House of Representatives|accessdate=2011-05-03|archive-date=2012-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329011810/http://www.nassnig.org/nass2/portfolio/profile.php?id=Hon.Enang.Solomon|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Ó jẹ́ aṣojú ní ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin àgbà láti Ọdún 2011 sí Ọdún 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pmnewsnigeria.com/2011/04/29/akwa-ibom-house-of-assembly-election-pdp-wins-25-out-of-26-seats/ |title=AKWA-IBOM HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY ELECTION: PDP Wins 25 Out Of 26 Seats |work=PM News |date=Apr 29, 2011 |accessdate=2011-05-03}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{reflist}} {{Nigerian Senators of the 7th National Assembly}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Ilé Alàgbà ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]] 4jjobtif8ahycb18j1u7rb17b4cdnbj 2 66634 637093 634300 2026-09-16T18:42:02Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637093 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the Senate of Cameroon who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295128 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21295128/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295128/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295128/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q111364926|Alioum Alhadji Hamadou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111365012|Emmanuel Nnemde]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111365027|Charles Sale]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416706|Gisele Solange Afane]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416707|Honoré Ajuoh Ngam]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416708|Bernard Amougou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416759|Epse Assouho Tokpanou Djole]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416760|Baroua Nyakeu]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416770|Jean David Bile]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416771|Abba Bladi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416773|Boubakari Ousmanou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416774|Sule Buh Tegha]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416775|Isaac Chafah]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416776|Hilarion Diwala Mony]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416778|Souadatou Djallo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416779|Djaratou Mohamadou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416783|Doudou Adamou Djoubairou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24 | 2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416784|Micheline Dsamou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-03 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416787|Anaclet Fomethe]]'' | | | 2018-04-05<br/>2023-03-23 | 2023-03-12 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416788|Epse Foutchou Djakaou]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416789|Henry Gamsey Kemende]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416791|Hama Djabou]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416792|Paul Hamadou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416794|Georges Kinyang Nyang]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416798|Dyx Meten Alim Kumbongsi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416800|Philip Leke Besongoh Akemfor]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416801|Andreas Lekunze Membo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416802|Mahamat Abdoul Karim]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416804|Mamoudou Mazadou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416805|Albert Mbida Mvodo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416806|Patience Eboumbou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04 | | [[Fáìlì:Emboumbou Patience.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111416808|Ismaila Nana]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416809|Ngabaya Tchef Tchef]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416810|Aminatou Ngangoube]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416811|François Xavier Ngoubeyou]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416813|Sylvestre Ngouchinghe]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416816|Oumarou Issa]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416818|Lionel Papianatu Fonderson]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416819|Max Pokam]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416820|Rougayatou Asta Djoulde]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416821|Elizabeth Regina Mundi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416823|Jean Teingnidetio]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111416824|Vanigansen Mochiggle]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116081828|Zakiatou Djamo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116174682|Julienne Djakaou Foutchou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116264023|Amadou Alim]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116416964|Joël Nguiebe]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117715480|Mireille Adare Gassawily]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2023-04-11 | 2023-06-22 | |- | ''[[:d:Q125882368|Pierre Henri Ngalli Ngoa]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q125882661|Paulin Djorwe]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126035328|Harouna Abba]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2023-04-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126037585|Pierre Emmanuel Tabi]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2023-04-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126088587|Michel Kotoko]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2023-04-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126088658|Eugène Kouma]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2023-04-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131799805|Simon Anja Onjwo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11<br/>2023-11-07 | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360143|Abdoulahi Maikano]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360901|Isabelle Ndjole Assouo épse Tokpanou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360903|Roger Victor Mbassa Ndine]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360904|Nono]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360905|Victor Djomo Kamga]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360907|Simon Achidi Ashu]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360908|David Akwo Wallang]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360909|Ignatius Dinga Bayin]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137360910|Nnanga Ndoume]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q324886|Simon Achidi Achu]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Simon Achidi Achu (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q708023|Peter Mafany Musonge]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Peter Mafany Musongue 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2840847|Amadou Ali]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Amadou ali.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5209975|Dakolé Daïssala]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5399952|Elie Victor Essomba Tsoungui]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13468200|Marcel Niat Njifenji]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Marcel Niat Njifenji Senateur.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q15819842|Ibrahim Mbombo Njoya]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim Mbombo Njoya KdfsultanIb.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Jean-Baptiste Baskouda]] | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q18563874|Francis Nkwain]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24951660|Luc René Bell]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q27755043|Victor Mukete]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24 | 2018-04-24<br/>2021-04-10 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28497635|Abba Boukar]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q28497636|Mahamat Abdoulkarim]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q28655053|Charles Salé]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Charles Salé 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39145253|Geneviève Tjoues]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:GenevieveTjoues2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39156067|Madeleine Haoua]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q41671751|Isabelle Tokpanou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q41672851|Nicole Okala Bilaï]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | [[Fáìlì:NicoleOkala 2012.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43457076|Monique Ouli Ndongo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q43458360|Delphine Medjo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q43459010|Thérèse Eloumba Medjo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q43460532|Marlyse Aboui]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q56313129|Pierre Flambeau Ngayap]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Dr. Pierre Flambeau Ngayap 1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q63224523|Claude Kemayou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-04-14<br/>2018-04-05 | 2018-03-25<br/>2022-07-30 | [[Fáìlì:Claude Kemayou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q97162227|Roger Mbassa Ndine]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q97647439|Albert Mbida]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q97841575|Honoré Djomo Kamga]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Fo Djomo Kamga de Bandjoun, West Province, Cameroon.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q98165743|Youssoufa Daoua]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013 | 2015 | [[Fáìlì:IMG-20191120-WA0013.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107110605|Laurent Charles Boyomo Assala]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2023-04-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111342588|Zoubainatou Salihou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2023-04-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355834|Hamadou Abbo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355835|Aboulahi Maikano]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355836|Agnès Ntube Ndode]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355838|Andrew Otte Moffa]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355839|Hamadou Baba]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355840|Badel Ndanga Ndinga]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11<br/>2013-05-14 | 2023-04-11<br/>2018-04-24 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355841|Benjamin Amama Amama]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355842|Bernard Tantse Tagne]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355844|Calvin Zang Oyono]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355845|Charles Mbella Moki]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355848|Daniel Matute]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355849|David Etame Massoma]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355850|David Wallang]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355851|Delphine Metiedje Nguifo Tchetagne]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355852|Elie Essomba Tsoungui]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355853|Emma Eno Lafon]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355854|Emmanuel Nemde]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355855|Etienne Sonkin]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355856|François Xavier Menye Ondo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355858|Doh Fon Ganyonga III]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2013-05-14 | 2023-04-11<br/>2018-04-24 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355859|Grégoire Mba Mba]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355860|Alioum Aladji Hamadou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355861|Ignatus Bayin Dinga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355862|Jean Mboundjo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355863|Jean Tsomelou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355864|Jean Jules Ebongue Ngo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355865|Jean Marie Mama]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355866|Jean Marie Pongmoni]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355867|Joseph Mata]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355868|Joël Nguimbe]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355870|Julienne Djakaou]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355871|Laurent Nkodo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355872|Lucas Fontem Njifua]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355873|Mahamat Bahar Marouf]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355874|Abdoulaye Wouyack Marava]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355875|Armande Din Bell]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | [[Fáìlì:AmandeDinBell3.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111355876|Marie Claire Moampea]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355877|Martin Amrakaye]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355878|Maurice Amidou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355879|Mbita Mvaebeme]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355880|Mohaman Gabdo Yaya]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355881|Moussa Sabo]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355882|Teche Fon Njei II]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14 | 2018-04-24 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355883|Pascal Andong Adibime]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355884|Paul Haman]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355885|Paul Maande]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355886|Paul Tchatchouang]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355887|Paulette Bisseck]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355888|Bebnone Payounni]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355889|Pierre Henri Ngallé Ngoa]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355891|Pierre Namio]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355893|Pierrette Hayatou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2013-05-14<br/>2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | 2018-04-24<br/>2023-04-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355894|Pius Ondoua]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355896|Raoul Tchomnou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355897|Ankie Affiong Rebecca Amah]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355898|René Ze Nguelé]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355899|Samuel Obam Assam]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355900|Simon Kingue]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355901|Simon Onjwo Chief An Jan]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355902|Aboubakar Siroma]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355903|Salomon Songuè Madiba]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | 2018-04-24<br/>2013-05-14 | 2022-10-17<br/>2018-04-24 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355904|Stephen Jikong Yerima]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355905|Sylvestre Naah Ondoua]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355906|Tabe Tando Ndiep Nso]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355907|Thomas Tobbo Eyoum]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355908|Tidjani Ahmadou]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355910|John Wanlo Chiamua]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355912|Yvonne Asta]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111355913|Zacharie Awanga]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111364218|Joseph Roland Matta]]'' | | [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]] | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 3azhtbhnyzy3hwvh2ga9942t70ukmar 2 66667 637132 636186 2026-09-17T06:13:12Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637132 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Representatives of Egypt who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21290857 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21290857/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21290857/P580:Start date,P39/Q21290857/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q401232|Ahmed Ezz]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q401494|Ahmed Shobair]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q405451|Ayman Nour]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Ayman Noor (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q459838|Hadia Hosny]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2020 | | [[Fáìlì:Hadiaolympic.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1026624|Khaled Mohieddin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1990 | 2005 | [[Fáìlì:Khalid Muhyi al-Din-1952-54.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1676180|Saad El-Katatni]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Dr saad Katatni 001.jpeg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2528416|Hazem Emam]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Hazem Emam.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2576874|Yousef Wali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2949751|Younes Makhioun]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3195985|Khaled Youssef]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Khaled Youssef.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3319087|Mohamed El-Sawy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Abd al-Munʻim Ṣāwī.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3380878|Kamal el-Din Hussein]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Kamel el-Din Hussein.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3571315|Yehia El-Gamal]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3918522|Mohammed Mahdi Akef]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1987 | 1990 | [[Fáìlì:Mohammad Akif.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4115734|Hassan Sabry Pasha]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Hassan Sabry Pasha (1935).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4118625|Georgette Kellini]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4165667|Essam el-Erian]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1987<br/>2012-01-11 | 1990<br/>2012-06-14 | [[Fáìlì:Dr. Essam el-Eryan.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4166461|Osman Ahmed Osman]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Osman Ahmed Osman.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4664734|Abdel Ahad Gamal El Din]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4705121|Alaa El-Din Abdul Moneim]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Alaa El-Din Abdul Moneim.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4832640|Aziz Abaza]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]<br/>[[Ilẹ̀-Ọba Òttómánì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Aziz Pasha Abaza عزيز باشا أباظة.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5745625|Heshmat Fahmi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6745570|Mamdouh Hosny Khalil]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6890962|Mohamed Abu Hamed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Abu Hamed.jpeg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6943276|Mustafa Kamel Murad]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7293008|Rania Elwani]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015-12-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7297085|Rawya Ateya]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1957-07-14<br/>1984 | 1959<br/>1987 | [[Fáìlì:Rawya Ateya (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7409268|Sameh Shoukry]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | [[Fáìlì:Sameh Shoukry Senate of Poland 2015.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7685777|Tarek Shaker]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7959780|Wahid Abdel Meguid]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]<br/>[[Ilẹ̀-Ọba Òttómánì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q11013134|Mohamed M. Abou El Enein]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1995 | | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed-M.-Abou-El-Enein.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q11183176|Farida El Choubachy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2020 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12178881|Ahmed Rushdi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1987<br/>1990 | 1990<br/>1995 | |- | ''[[:d:Q12184308|Al-Badri Farghali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1990 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q12188696|Al-Sayid Askar]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2005-12-07<br/>2012-01-11 | 2010-11-29<br/>2012-06-14 | |- | ''[[:d:Q12208796|Hamdy Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Hamdy Ahmed.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12208806|Hamdi Hassan]]'' | | [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q12211974|Dina Abdel Aziz]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12219747|صبري القاضي]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12223848|ʻAbd al-Munʻim Ṣāwī]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12223885|Abdel Hadi al-Qasabi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12237452|Lamis Gaber]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015-12-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12239422|محفوظ حلمى]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12240694|Mohammed Abdel-Hamid Radwan]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12240931|Mohamed Kamel Leilah]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12242044|Mortada Mansour]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2000<br/>2015-12-03 | 2005<br/>2020-11-09 | [[Fáìlì:Mortada Mansour.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12243371|Mostafa Bakry]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:مصطفى بكري.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16015001|Mohammed Tayea]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16128377|Abdelhamid Abdelhak]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16151773|Amin Iskander]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20607027|Hassaballah El Kafrawy]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20637173|Nasser al-Hafi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q22688906|Ali Abdel Aal]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:علي عبد العال.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22929729|Mona Gaballah]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q22931056|Margaret Azer]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012<br/>2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q23048327|أحمد عبد السلام قورة]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Ahmed abdelsalam.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28456670|Ashraf El-Shihy]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | [[Fáìlì:أشرف الشيحي.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28714839|Caroline Maher]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015-12-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q28714840|Marianne Amir ِِAzer]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50309165|Gihane Zaki]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2021 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q57627038|Heba Hagrass]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | 2020 | |- | ''[[:d:Q58494856|Anissa Hassouna]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015-12-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q59050390|توفيق عبده إسماعيل]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q59050399|ياسين عجلان]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q61744972|Ahmed Tantawi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | 2020 | [[Fáìlì:Ahmed Tantawy.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64692945|Sahar Talaat Moustafa]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q68170834|عبدالرحيم رضوان]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q85950733|Fahmy Omar]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1987 | 2000 | |- | ''[[:d:Q89359711|Randa Mostafa]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q90429242|Manal H El-Sayed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96099631|محمد علي محجوب]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Aṣọ̀kan Árábù]]<br/>[[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 1979 | 2005 | |- | ''[[:d:Q104787854|Hanafy El Gebaly]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2020 | | [[Fáìlì:Hanafy El Gebaly (2021) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q104801275|Fatmah Selim]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2021 | | [[Fáìlì:Fatmah Selim 2020 (facecroр).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q110206661|Doha Assy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2020 | | [[Fáìlì:Doha Assy at Library for Foreign Literature.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q116967582|Neveen El Tahri]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2021-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116976713|Sahar Albazar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137768571|Hisham Badawy]]'' | | | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139423340|Naela Gabr]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141268639|Dalia Yousef]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141268982|Thoraya Ahmed El-Badawi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141269326|Adel Azab]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141269500|Abdel Khaleq Awad]]'' | | | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141269599|Salah Fawzi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141270181|Amr El-Wardany]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141270330|Manal Hamdy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141270353|Marian Magdy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141270368|Mirna Essam El-Din Aref]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141270712|Hanaa Abd El Hameed El Ebeisy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141270930|Nashwa Aqel]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141270945|Amal Asfour]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141313035|Maha al-Nasir]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141313066|Amira Abu Shaqa]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141313144|Rihab al-Ghul]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141313210|Jihan al-Bayumi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141313623|Mirfat al-Kisan]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141313662|Hana’ Farouq]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141314128|Ayat al-Hadad]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141314152|’Irin Sa‘id]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141314182|Samia El-Hadidi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141314247|Saja Amr Hindi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141314600|Sahar Attia]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2021 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141315052|Miral Galal El-Haridi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141316146|Sahar Osman]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141316308|Nashwa El-Sharif]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141322158|Hala Fawzy Ibrahim Abo El-Saad]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141336265|Sara El Nahas]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Dr Sara El Nahas.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141342126|Marwa Kedwany]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141352315|Mirna Arif]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141352517|Samir Sabry]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141352594|Sherif Bishay]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372339|Samia Tawfik]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372425|Soulaf Darwish]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372426|Eman Khedr]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372427|Rasha Ramadan]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372429|Abla El-Hawary]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372430|Magda Bakry]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015-12-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372431|Shadia Khodeir Meligi Al-Gamal]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372435|Sahar Sedky Khalifa]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372436|Sanaa Barghash]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372438|Elizabeth Shaker]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372440|Mary Girgis]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372444|Yara Ezzat Sheiba]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372446|Walaa El-Sabban]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372448|Ghada Ahmed Ismail Abu Kreesha]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372450|Hind Rashad]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2020 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372452|Abeer Esawy Dawood]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372455|Aya Magdy Ghoneim]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372457|Lobna Abdel Aziz]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372458|Shereen Abdel Aziz]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372460|Nisreen Omar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372462|Asmaa Abdel Qader]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372465|Abeer Fath Allah Rakha]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372466|Marwa Hussein Borais]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372470|Fadia Salem]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372472|Irene Saeed Abdel Moez]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372475|Buthaina Mohamed Mostafa Guneidy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372477|Amany Abul Yazid]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372479|Rawya Mokhtar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372481|Eman Samy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372482|Mary Gamal]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372486|Dr. Shaimaa Mahmoud Nabih]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372487|Asmaa Hegazy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372489|Mai Karam Gabr]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372491|Buthaina Abu Zeid]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372493|Hadeer Raef Rafik]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372495|Marwa Halawa]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372497|Marwa Hassan]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372500|Sylvia Nader]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372502|Sanaa El-Said]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372503|Gihan Shahin]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372505|Nancy Naim Boutros]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372506|Maryse Iskandar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372508|Shereen Reda Tayel]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372510|Mona Gomaa]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372512|Sandy Ghobrial Kastour]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372514|Fayza Saleh]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372516|Aya Abdel Rahman]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372517|Zeinab Bashier]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372519|Soheir Koriem]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372521|Noha Al-Azhary]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372523|Mona Abdullah]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372525|Samira El-Janayni]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372528|Eman Rahmy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372530|Elaria Samir Harris]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141372532|Abeer Attalla]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373111|Shaza Habib]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373113|Rasha Al-Maghraby]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373114|Donia Hany Seif]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373115|Marwa Al Ghannam]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373116|Yara Effat]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373118|Nevin Ragai]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373119|Hanan Nazier]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373120|Hanan Sabry]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373121|Bothaina Mostafa Otman]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373122|Noha Abo El-Dahab]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373123|Nagwa El-Alfi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373124|Rawan El Nahas]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373125|Aya Elnagar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373126|Heba Latif]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373127|Mervat Alexan Matta]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373128|Nevine Al-Kateb]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373129|Amany Abu Sehli]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373130|Heba Nabil Feseekh]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373131|Dalia Sadany]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373132|Rehab Abdel Rahim Al-Ghoul]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373133|Heba Ghaly]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373134|Israa Adel Al-Husseiny]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373135|Amira Fouad]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373136|Mona Keshta]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373137|Dina Helaly]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373138|Marianne Malak]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373139|Shireen Hassanein]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373140|Amira Zeidan]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373141|Rania Salah El-Shimi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373142|Hanaa Anis]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373143|Inas Awad]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373144|Noha Abdel Rahman]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373145|Hyam Sayed Abu Shaqra]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373146|Doaa Al-Banna]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373147|Marian Kaldas]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373148|Nevin Iskander]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373149|Eman Al-Alfy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373150|Riham Abdel Naby]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373151|Shereen Aleesh]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373152|Haidy El-Moghazy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373153|Reham Farouk Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373155|Rania Rifaat Sherif]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373157|Soheir al-Qady]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373158|Aida Mohy El-Din]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373166|Asmaa Saad Al-Gamal]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373168|Marina Iskander]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373169|Riham Abo El-Hasan]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373170|Saboura El-Sayed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373171|Marwa Hashem]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373172|Fathia El-Senoussi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373173|Marwa Saleh]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373174|Lamees Ahmed Anwar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373175|Christine Adel Hakim]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373176|Hend Hazem]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373177|Shereen Moustafa Mohamed Mahmoud]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373178|Wafaa Ahmed Ahmed El Serangawy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373179|Mariana Abdel Shahid]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373180|Nihal Abou Wafia]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373181|Nancy Ali Hassan]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373182|Howaida El Said Ghanem]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373183|Fatma El Sadek]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373184|Fatma Adel]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373185|Ghada Kandil]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373186|Sabah Saber Mohamed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373187|Jaylan Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373188|Ghada Jaber Al-Nahas]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373189|Amal Abdelhamid]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373190|Aida Ismail]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373191|Safinaz Talaat]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373192|Naglaa El-Oseily]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373193|Maha Abdel Nasser]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373203|Wafaa Ahmed Abdel Moati]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373204|Abeer Nassar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373205|Iman El-Agouz]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373206|Aya El-Fayoumi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373313|Mona Shaker Khalil Hussein]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373316|Mariam Mohamed Said Mohamed Fouad Mohamed Said]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373317|Ingy Mourad Fahim]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373318|Dina Wahdan Ahmed Ahmed El Baaly]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141373321|Nora Ali]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141374025|Marianne Amir Rafael]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015-12-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141374094|Doaa Youssef Soliman]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141374231|Amina Shoukri]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141375016|Nashwa El-Deeb]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141375776|Hayam Fathi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141375888|Hend Qabary Khamis Al-Gebali]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141375938|Shadya Thabet]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141375956|Ilham El-Minshawi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141376412|Thuraya Mohamed Ismail el-Sheikh]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141376521|Nosila Ismail Ahmed Swellam]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141384129|Sahar Ahmed Fekri Othman]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141384273|Abeer Al‐Sayed Mahmoud Hanafi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141384396|Inas Ibrahim Abdelhaleem Metwali]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141384512|Amal Trabia]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141384634|Ghada Mousa Ibrahim Saqr]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141384875|Rania El-Sadat]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141384989|Ne'mat Qamar]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141385537|Nadia Henry]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141385671|Basant Fahmy]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141386150|Manal Maher]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141386260|Abeer Gamal]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2020 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141395068|Suzy Rafla]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141395821|Sanaa El-Saeed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012<br/>2020 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141398269|Mai Mahmoud]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141398281|Amna Noseir]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141404193|Suzy Adli Nashed]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141404507|Mervat Michel]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141404537|Olfat Kamel]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141405615|Hanan Abou El Geit]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141405781|Azza El Garf]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141405943|Magda Al-Nouashi]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406054|Hoda Ghania]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406229|Reda Abdallah]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406257|Suzy Adly]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406274|Siham El Gamal]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2012 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406487|Mai El-Batran]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | 2020 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406582|Ghada Ali]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406613|Evelyne Matta]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141406674|Ghada Agami]]'' | | [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]] | 2015 | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 9huouwyaoszq5egb4kres0icg4syvql 2 66679 637103 636079 2026-09-16T21:26:41Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637103 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Peoples' Representatives who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21328614 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21328614/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21328614/P580:Start date,P39/Q21328614/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q131998748|Fraol Udessa Gelchu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998749|Fuad Abafita Ababulgo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998751|Gashaw Dagnew Lakew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998753|Gashayalew Gala Galada]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998756|Gelane Bikila Woyecha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998758|Genet Abraham Yayu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998760|Genet Bete Gerawork]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998762|Genet Ketema Bekele]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998766|Genet Waqgari Fitie]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998769|Geremu Huluka Amanu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998771|Getahun Limenh Abegaz]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998773|Getnet Tadele Tefera]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998776|Gezu Manaye Chakol]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998778|Goiti Wancho Oke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998780|Gudeta Belelcha Sefisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998782|Gusha Balko Birbirsa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998784|Habtamu Tegegne Destaye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998786|Habtemariam Mekonnen Ali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998788|Haji Kedir Abdule]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998790|Halimo Hassen Mohamed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998792|Hamedu Geas Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998794|Hangasa Ahmed Ibrahim]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998796|Haregwoin Yimer Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998798|Hasen Shek Yusuf Abadulai]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998800|Hasna Hanfere]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998801|Hassan Muhamed Moali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998804|Hassen Abdi Wali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998807|Hayat Yusuf Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998809|Hayelo Gunefa Edosa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998811|Helina Akelew Tadesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998814|Hirut Kassaw Wondim]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998817|Hirut W/Mariam Teketel]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998819|Hiwot Mossisa Deresse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998820|Ibrahim Umar Aliyi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998822|Ibsa Yusuf Hassan]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998824|Ifrah Towfik Aden]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998825|Ikram Maid Adan]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998830|Illubabor Buno Tesso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998834|Ishetu Gelan]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998837|Iyasu Salah Ganjura]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998840|Jamal Ali Mumi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998842|Jemal Abaso Ebu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998843|Jemal Abegaz Adem]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998846|Jemanesh W/Michael Wege]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998849|Jember Ayalneh Biru]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998851|Jhon Amhed Abamilki]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998854|Jihad Nasser Abdu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998857|Juhar Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998860|Kaba Mebratu Dagne]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998864|Kairedin Tezera Adera]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998867|Kalid Aba Mecha Haji]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998874|Kamil Aliy Kasim]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998875|Kamil Shemsu Siraj]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998877|Kasahun Jobir Gudeta]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998880|Kebede Genet Feyisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998884|Kedir Adam Arero]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998887|Kedir Edris Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998889|Kedir Gena Abdulkadir]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998892|Kedja Yassin Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998895|Kefena Ifa Delesa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998898|Kemal Hashi Mohamoud]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998901|Kibnesh Shiferaw Robe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998903|Kidist Araya Tasew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998906|Kidist G/Hana Mirgoye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998909|Kimia Jundi Hamdo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998912|Kindiya Aycheluhm Atalay]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998915|Kocheto G/Yesus Deneto]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998919|Kumaale Gadisa Obse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998922|Latifa A/Temam A/Gisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998924|Lema Abera Hirpo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998928|Lema Tessema Yimere]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998931|Lencho Ayala Bati]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998933|Leta Tesfaye Jule]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998936|Letifa A/Sambi A/Gojam]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998942|Lidia Chali Argeta]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998946|Lobele Yhirano Baskwa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998952|Lubaba Ibrahim Hassen]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998953|Lubaba Seyidi Legasi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998956|Maeza Asmare Abtew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998959|Magartu Mohammed Aman]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998961|Mahatme Haile Workeneh]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998964|Mamo Esmealem Mihretu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998967|Marta Liwji]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998970|Martha Lema Tulu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998973|Mastewal Mekonen Siyeneh]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998977|Matema Mīka Galito]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998980|Meaza Assefa Ergete]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998982|Meaza Tigabe Alemu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998985|Mebrat Bacha Wakjira]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998987|Mekdes Desta Jagare]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998988|Melaku Fenta Chay]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998990|Melese Mana Gemeso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998992|Melkias Ayele]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998994|Merdia Aman Guye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998996|Meselech Kewiso Kaye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998998|Meseret Assefa Godana]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999000|Meseret Haile Masresha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999002|Meseret Madole Ebo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999003|Meseret Mamo Gamuro]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999005|Meseret Mola Kassahun]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998466|Azmera Andemo Kelo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998468|Balew Baye Assefa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998470|Bartema Fikadu Siraga]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998472|Bayabl Mulate Fitgu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998474|Bayush Birhanu Kerorsa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998477|Begashaw Teklu Alemayehu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998479|Behelhem Lakew Sisay]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998480|Berhane Meskel Tena Zemenfes]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998482|Berhaneteshay T/Wold]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998484|Berhanu Feisa Tila]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998485|Berhanu Gobena Yabe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998487|Betel Melakumu Abdisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998489|Beyenech Demeke Ato]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998491|Beza Teshome]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998494|Biftu Hassan Jebero]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998496|Birhanu Hankara Hatiya]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998498|Birhanu Megersa Lenjiso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998499|Birke Bahru Miraf]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998501|Brooke Lambiso Wamisho]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998503|Bzuayehu Degefu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998504|Chala Lami Argane]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998506|Chala Wata Deres]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998509|Chaltu Mohommed Abdurahmn]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998511|Chaltu Werje Tuke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998513|Chimdo Hanchela Bulcha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998515|Christian Tadele Tsegaye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998518|Daniel Kibret Birhane]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998521|Dawud Mohammed Nur]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998522|Debebe Admasu Yilma]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998524|Debele Kabeta Hursa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998526|Debritu Tadege Mengesha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998528|Dejitnu Alene Zewde]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998530|Demeke Achiso Hirgeto]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998534|Dereje Debela Senbeto]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998536|Dereje Teklemariam Gebremeskel]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998538|Desalegn Eriso Hasiso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998540|Desalegn Wedaje Zemene]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998541|Dessalegn Chanie Dagnew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998543|Dessie Dalke Dukamo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998545|Desta Befikadu Negewo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998547|Destaw Mekuanint Mezengiya]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998549|Destaye Tilahun Misker]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998551|Dilamo Otere Frange]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998553|Dima Nogo Serbo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998555|Dina Mufti Ledi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998557|Diriba Galati Chali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998559|Dita Nura Tero]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998560|Mohammed Abdo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998562|Dube Julo Maaga]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998564|Duguma Adugna Debele]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998566|Eba Mijena Negero]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998569|Ebenezer Bekele Amare]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998572|Ejigu Melake G / Meskel]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998574|Elias Ahmed Sadik]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998576|Elsabeth Ejigu Qena'A]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998580|Endalkachew Asrat Zeleke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998583|Endalkachew Lelisa Duresa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998588|Endalu Mulatu Lemi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998590|Endriyas Geta Beldeda]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998594|Kemal Mohammed Zeynu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998599|Eng Sileshi Kore Dube]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998601|Ephrem Tessema Taressa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998604|Ergoge Tesfaye W / Meskel]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998609|Eshetu G/Mariam Gol]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998616|Eshetu Temesgen Gelan]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998620|Eskinder Aliye Abdula]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998625|Essa Boru Tola]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998629|Esubalew Mebrate Tesema]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998635|Etaferahu Mota Bogale]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998640|Etaferahu Zegeye Ambaw]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998644|Etagegnehu Eshetu Gudeta]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998649|Etefa Obsa Duresa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998654|Etsegenet Mengistu Zeleke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998659|Ewnete Alene Yalew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998665|Eyerusalem Lewi Essey]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998668|Eyob Tekalign Tolina]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998672|Fahmi Ali Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998679|Faima Shejemal Abamecha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998683|Fanaye Melese Wolde]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998686|Fanos Hailu Adera]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998689|Fantaye Legesse Weldegiorgis]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998691|Farah Mohamed Farah]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998695|Faris Delil Yesuf]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998697|Fathi Mahdi Wezir]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998699|Fato Ismo Beriso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998702|Fatuma Ali Ibrahim]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998705|Faysal Odwa Abdi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998708|Fekadu Mosisa Gemeda]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998712|Fekadu Tulu Ketema]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998715|Ferida Shemsedin Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998717|Fetiya Ahmed Abrahim]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998720|Fetiya Ahmed Shire]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998723|Feyid Sherab Sherif]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998724|Fikadu Bedilu Bolja]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998727|Fikadu Gawshalo Memo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998732|Fikadu Mengistu Ashemi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998735|Fikir Abay Anawt]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998738|Fikru Werku Birshe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998742|Firew Tesfaye Odayte]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998743|Fisaha W/Senbet Tegegn]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | [[Girma Wolde-Giorgis]] | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Girma-Wolde-Giorgis official portrait.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Meles Zenawi]] | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Meles Zenawi - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2012.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q356741|Negasso Gidada]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | 2005 | 2019 | [[Fáìlì:Negasso Gidada.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2275961|Seyoum Mesfin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3100062|Gedu Andargachew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Gedu Andargachew - 2019 (48802681123) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3572445|Yohannes Tiro Ejigayehu]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4832330|Azeb Mesfin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Azeb Mesfin in 2009 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4899848|Beyene Petros]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4996096|Bulcha Demeksa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5658111|Harka Haroyu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8046468|Yacob Haile-Mariam]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16149223|Ashebir Woldegiorgis]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16187059|Sinknesh Ejigu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Sinkinesh Ejigu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16205894|Lidetu Ayalew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16728486|Demeke Mekonnen]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Demeke Mekonnen Hassen - 2020 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18921783|Getachew Jigi Demeksa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Dr.Getachew Jigi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50365049|Abiy Ahmed]]'' | olóṣèlú, Ethiópíà | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Prime Minister of Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed Ali (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55238035|Muferihat Kamil Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Muferiat Kamil.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57898816|Lia Tadesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:EU2024BE 240206 Lia Tadesse.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62123939|Dagmawit Moges]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q104794313|Fitsum Assefa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Minister of Planning and Development Fitsum Assefa Adela crop.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q127038755|Shewit Shanka]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131744049|Lomi Bedo Kumbi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131997903|Ababaw Ayalew Gal]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998309|Abate Arega Atalay]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998311|Abdikarim Akib Aden]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998313|Abdu Hassan Mohamed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998314|Abdulahi Mohammed Muse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998316|Abdulfatah Abdul Rahman Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998318|Abduljewad Mohammed Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998321|Abdulkadir Gelgelo Boru]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998323|Abdurashed Abdilahi Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998325|Abdusemed Hussen Abo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998327|Abduwas Abdulahi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998328|Abeba Sadik Buser]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998331|Abebaw Desalew Bayabl]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998333|Abere Adamu Teferi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998336|Abiyot Delegn Yirkayo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998339|Abosh Mustafa Musa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998341|Abraham Alemayehu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998343|Abraham Amish Assema]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998346|Abreham Berta Aneseyee]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998348|Abune Alem Temesgen]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998349|Adamu Kenea Daba]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998352|Adane Alto Mengesha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998353|Adane Mande Damtew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998355|Adane Teshome Getahun]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998357|Adanech Nashura Samago]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998359|Addis Alemayehu Qumbi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998362|Addisu Kamiso Garanba]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998364|Addisuwa Assefa Demise]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998366|Adugna Ahmed Uso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998368|Adugna Debela Bote]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998371|Agu Deban Gesso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998373|Agumase Anteneh Wube]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998376|Ahmed Hassen Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998378|Aknaw Kawza Malefiya]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998380|Alemitu Abebe Atisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998382|Alemitu Assefa Tunduro]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998383|Alemitu Umed Ujulu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998385|Alemnesh Berhanu Obsa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998387|Alemnesh G Mariam Imo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998389|Alemu Damtew Ashenafi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998391|Alemu Getahun Sisay]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998393|Alemu Gonfa Robi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998395|Alemu Jemberu Ayalew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998398|Alemu Sime]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998400|Alie Belachew Bala]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998402|Almaw Mengist Ambaye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998403|Almaw Tigabu Melesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998405|Almaz Asale Ergado]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998407|Almaz Temesgen Sisay]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998408|Almaz Wedajo Adimo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998410|Amarech Bekalo Sapa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998412|Amina Abdurahman Adem]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998415|Amira Mohammed Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998418|Amsal Amare Abate]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998420|Amsal Mengistu Alemu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998422|Anesa Melko Hebero]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998423|Arare Mosisa Etisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998426|Aregash Kefle Karbo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998427|Aregash Tekile Tantu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998429|Aschale Alamere Melesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998431|Aselefech Kuche Goa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998433|Asemahagn Aseres]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998435|Asha Yahya Salehi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998438|Asheber W. Giorgis Gayo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998440|Ashinie Astin Titoyik]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998441|Ashu Gololcha Oda]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998443|Aster Beshir Figa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998445|Aster Keftaw Dachu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998446|Atsede Mamo Tamale]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998448|Awoke Amzaye Assoma]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998451|Ayan Ali Mussa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998453|Ayantu Gutata Fite]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998456|Ayele Negeri Gibo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998458|Ayele Teshome Gonche]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998460|Ayisha Shehshifa Abdurahaman]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998462|Aynalem Niguse Ali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998465|Aysha Mohammed Musa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999008|Meseret Shiferaw Yadete]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999009|Meseret Zelalem Tadesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999012|Mesfin Dagna Tafesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999016|Mesfin Erkabe Mirach]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999019|Meskerem Hailu Alula]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999022|Miraj Zekiyi Jemal]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999025|Miretu Shanko Gidi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999028|Misganu Arga Mo'Och]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999029|Mitiknesh Cheleke Atsero]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999032|Moga Ababulgu Abakebe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999035|Moges Balcha Gebremedhin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999037|Mohamed Musse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999040|Mohammed Ahmed Aliye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999044|Mohammed Ahmed Musa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999048|Mohammed Hassan Abu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999052|Mohammed Mohammedkemal Ali Al-Arusi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999053|Mohammed Shikur Mussa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999056|Mohamud Yusuf Mealin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999058|Mohmmednur Ahmed Musa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999061|Molla Feleke Desta]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999063|Mubarek Elias Mustefa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999065|Mulat Telayneh Asrate]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999068|Mulu Yirga Sahele]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999071|Muluken Admasu Emru]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999074|Muluken Assefa Jenebere]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999077|Mulunesh Lamore Ushe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999080|Muna Ali Yassin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999082|Munira Hussen Hassen]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999084|Muslim Rashid A / Gidi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999086|Najaha Ahmed Abdullahi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999089|Nebiyat Tilahun Chaemiso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999092|Nefisa Almahadi Alakib]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999095|Negash Bulala Abawalta]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999098|Negasse Bayissa Dubiwak]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999101|Negeri Lencho Bultum]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999104|Neima Usman Adem]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999108|Nejat Girma Waqjira]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999111|Nejet Andorso Adem]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999112|Nemera Gebeyehu Mamo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999115|Nesredin Abduelmusin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999118|Nezif Zinab A/Lulessa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999120|Nikuse Mituku Gelaw]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999123|Nurzeman Jibril Negewo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999125|Qasim Kimo Kebelo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999128|Rahel Negero Gutu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999131|Rahmet Awel Mohammed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999134|Rosa Omar Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999138|Ruqiya Ali Kewo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999140|Ruqiya Argo Wariyo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999142|Sadik Adem Umer]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999152|Sadiya Aman Gerado]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999158|Sadiya Temam Shifa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999165|Sadiya Usman Sheka]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999170|Sahlu Diribsa Mosisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999173|Samira Yusuf Ibro]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999176|Samuel Urkato Kurke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999179|Seharla Abdulahi Bahdon]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999182|Seid Nuru Ali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999184|Selamwit Dawit Kamase]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999188|Seleshi Bekele Awlachew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999191|Senait Asradew Kokebe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999194|Sewasewi Tizazu Abate]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999198|Seyid Mohammed Hussein]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999203|Shifera Telila Senbetu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999206|Shumi Ayano Guto]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999209|Shurube Gemedi Nuna]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999212|Simneshi Sahlu Teum]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999216|Sintayehu Tilahun Abebe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999221|Sintayehu Woldemichael Yohannes]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999223|Siti Redwan Biza]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999227|Solomon Kuchu Robi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999231|Solomon Soka Ginyarita]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999236|Solomone Lale Kalo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999239|Sosna Getahun Azene]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999244|Sultan Ibrahim Abagisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999248|Sumiya Desalew Mola]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999252|Suwerk Tafese Goshu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999256|Tadele Buraka Bushasha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999259|Tadesse Beza Gebretsadik]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999262|Tadesse Getu Alemu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999266|Tafesse Muleta Tesso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999269|Tagese Chafo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999272|Talef Fitihawek Endeshaw]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999275|Tana Gobena Fufa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999278|Tarke Daba Bobo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999282|Tawfik Abdullahi Ahmed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999286|Tegene Regassa Luba]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999290|Temesgen Ambachew Biresaw]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999295|Tesfahun Bogale Jember]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999299|Tesfahun Simegn Kebede]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999304|Tesfahun Sisay Mengistu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999308|Tesfanesh Tefera Asres]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999312|Tesfanesh W/Mariam Angi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999315|Tesfatsion Shuka Gadana]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999319|Tesfaye Bangu Kacho]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999324|Tesfaye Beljige Dara]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999327|Teshome Abdo Segni]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999331|Teshome Wale Gesesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999334|Tewachew Abebe Yimer]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999339|Tewbo Mihereit Molla]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999343|Thomas Tut Pok]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999348|Tia Mio Arsawa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999352|Tidenek Guldu Tsedeke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999355|Tigist Wuhib Tsega]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999359|Tilahun Tamirat Mulu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999363|Tiruaynet Temesgen Ayalew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999366|Tola Hailu Hunde]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999370|Tseganesh Gamato Gamo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999376|Tsehay Bekele Tafesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999380|Tsehaynesh Gebre W / Michael]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999384|Tsige Denboba Ayano]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999387|Ume Abdela Umer]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999391|Usame Mohamed Muhumad]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999394|Usheto Hobicho Dabelo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999398|Usman Surur Siraj]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999401|Werkinesh Jemal Asfaw]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999404|Werknesh Biru Bedasa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999408|Werksemu Mamo Mekonnen]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999412|Woldeyes Debebe Delki]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999417|Wondwosen Admase Tadesse]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999421|Worknesh Mohammed Hebiso]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999425|Wubete Tadege Nibret]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999429|Wudalat Minwuye Bayih]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999432|Yasmin Wehabrebi Seid]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999436|Yemengist Tsegaw Walelign]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999439|Yeshi Muka Wakaye]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999443|Yeshihasab Tsegaw Welelaw]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999446|Yeshimebet Demise Sewagegnehu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999449|Yeshimebrat Mersha Kasa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999452|Yezibalem Kasse Yismaw]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999455|Yezina Mulati Zeleke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999458|Yiftu Gudisa Oshko]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999461|Yineger Dessie Belay]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999463|Yohannis Mesfin Gebeyehu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999465|Zamzam Ahmed Jama]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999466|Zara Biftu Nabi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999469|Zara Mohammed Adana]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999474|Zegeye Muluye Asres]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999477|Zeineba Nura Bati]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999481|Zekarias Erekola Yimamo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999485|Zelalem Melak Bogale]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999490|Zelalem Tadesse Ayalew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999494|Zemene Hailu Mekonnen]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999496|Zemu Tesfaye Bendi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999500|Zeritu Shiferaw Beyene]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999504|Zewdenesh Tulu Gashe]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999507|Zewdu Tadesse Wondimkun]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999511|Zeyini Abose]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999515|Zinash Tsegaye Kalo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999520|Zinaye Negash Zemedu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999524|Zadig Abreha Sharew]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999528|Wondimu Tekle Sigo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999531|Eyasu Elias Fantahun]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999535|Asiya Qabdulkadir Barakat]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999540|Binalf Andualem Ashenafi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999547|Bifto Mohammed Ibro]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999551|Ababuu Damissee Kaamsuur]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999555|Jamiilaa Simbiruu Tusaa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999560|Shurrubbee Gammadii Nunaa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999564|Miiliyoon Baqqalaa Damissee]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999569|Obbo Guutaa Laachoree Caakkee]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999573|Galaasaa Dilboo Goljaa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999575|Kuulanii Mahammad Abdullaa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999579|Itoophiyaa Shaambal Damboobaa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999583|Wogee Kufaa Buutee]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999586|Adaalee Odaa Tooduwaa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999590|Umer Huseen Obaa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999594|Warquu Gaachanaa Nagarraa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999597|Shisema Gebresilassie Weranga]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999599|Eshetu Kebede Gichoro]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999605|Gebeynesh Gizaw Yebo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999608|Eyasu Kasa Ganjula]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999611|Alesa Mengesha Boko]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999614|Terefe Tadesse Godi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999617|Redwan Hussien Rameto]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999620|Tigist Tadele Atenafu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999624|Teshome Toga Cheneka]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999627|Genene Gedebu Feleha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999630|Million Mathewos Korsisa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999633|Geremew Garj Gidabo]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999636|Tiratu Beyene Biltu]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999639|Desalegn Misa Wallasa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999642|Selamu Bulado Bukana]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999644|Bekele Fole Sare]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999647|Tekleweled Atnafu Ambula]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999650|Goyeti Wancho Ayke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999653|Wendemu Girma Tamrasha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999657|Ahmed Shide Mohamed]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999659|Halimo Mahamed Abdi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999661|Guled Ahmed Ali]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q115|Ethiópíà]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141412066|Fayima Jamal Abbamacca]]'' | | | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} hm1r66rjwp1bd2zhdycq4utig4b39mx 2 66684 637105 634305 2026-09-16T21:41:23Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637105 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the National Assembly of Gabon who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q19798976 } |section= |sort=P39/Q19798976/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q19798976/P580:Start date,P39/Q19798976/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q57856|Raymond Ndong Sima]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Raymond Ndong Sima 2024.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58208|Paul Toungui]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Paul Toungui, IMF 116SJ0504150090lg.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Jean Ping]] | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Jean Ping 080202-F-1644L-081 0YWDF.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Casimir Oyé-Mba]] | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 1990<br/>2007-01 | 2006-12<br/>2009 | |- | ''[[:d:Q256998|Jean-Hilaire Aubame]]'' | | [[Fránsì]]<br/>[[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Aubame.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q269045|Pierre Mamboundou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | [[Jean Eyeghe Ndong]] | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Prime Minister Jean Eyeghe Ndong 2007 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Paul Biyoghé Mba]] | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Paul Biyoghé Mba - 2006 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane]] | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | [[Paulin Obame-Nguema]] | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2053317|Félix Siby]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2655471|Faustin Boukoubi]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 1996 | | |- | [[Didjob Divungi Di Ndinge]] | olóṣèlú, Gàbọ̀n | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2720046|Georges Aleka Damas]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2848287|André Mba Obame]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3014508|Daniel Ona Ondo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Daniel Ona Ondo 2019 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3122048|Guy Nzouba-Ndama]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 1990 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3188402|Jules-Aristide Bourdes-Ogouliguende]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3371820|Paul Mba Abessole]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Paul Mba Abessole 2015 (cropped).jpeg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3384462|Pierre-Claver Zeng Ebome]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3430482|Richard Auguste Onouviet]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4759882|André Dieudonné Berre]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4775513|Antoine Mboumbou Miyakou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5371552|Émile Doumba]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5373320|Emmanuel Ondo Methogo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5493259|François Engongah Owono]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5493498|Françoise Makaya]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5897056|Honorine Dossou Naki]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5989746|Idriss Ngari]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6120375|Jacques Adiahénot]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6169030|Jean-Boniface Assélé]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6169939|Jean-Pierre Nguema]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6695782|Luc Marat Abyla]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6711098|Léon Mbou Yembi]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6711125|Léonard Andjembé]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6756384|Marcellin Mve Ebang]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6836261|Michel Akouloua]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7191961|Pierre-André Kombila]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7520896|Simplice Guedet Manzela]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7932126|Vincent de Paul Gondjout]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8063923|Zacharie Myboto]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q21228521|Alexandré Barro Chambrier]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Abchambrier.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q26924447|Pacome Moubelet Boubeya]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Pacôme Moubelet-Boubeya (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30595704|Angélique Ngoma]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q53535963|Régis Immongault]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | [[Fáìlì:Regis Immongault, Head of the Mission of Gabon to the European Union - 2025 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58467564|Raphaël Ngazouzé]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Raphaël Ngazouzé.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96335298|Séraphin Akure-Davain]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Séraphin Akure-Davain.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q116195860|Jean-François Ndongou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Jean-François Ndongou - 2005 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q126938809|Boukandou Elza Ritchuelle]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939001|Charlotte Aboghe]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939070|Flavienne Patricia Hélène Adiahenot-Meporewa]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939683|Firmine Olga Badjina Moudouma]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939739|Valentin Virginie Beckopa epse Roy]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939765|Nicole Bouanga Mombo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939786|Tatiana Mireille Bouyou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939797|Nathalie Ebaneth]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939805|Brigitte Koumba]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939816|Justine Judith Lekogo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126939833|Irène Lissenguet Goumbou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943052|Albertine Maganga Moussavou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 1990 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943079|Jeanne Mbagou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943088|Diane Dorothée Mengue M'Akue]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943129|Ludwine Staelle Ngoundji]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943334|Béatrice Ntoutoume]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943350|Pepecy Ogouliguende]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943369|Odette Polo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943385|Madeleine Sidonie Revangue]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943395|Alix Bertille Sougou Latsiere]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943402|Odette Jeanine Taty Koumba]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126943558|Huguette Tsono]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127505138|Willy Bertrand Abiery]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127505680|Alexandre Gilbert Awassi]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127505746|Raphaël Bandega Lendoye]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127505829|Jean Marie Beka B'obame]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127506202|Henri Bekalle - Akwe]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127506290|Germain Biahodjow]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127506366|Donatien Lhye Dioumy Moubassango]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127507131|Jean Lucien Doumbeneny]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127507203|Jean Paulin Ekoua Sima]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127507272|Leonel Ella Engonga]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127507354|Gérard Ella Nguema]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127507417|Ali Eyeghe]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127508776|Geoffroy Foumboula Libeka]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600089|Frateli Martial Fouty]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600435|Charles-Henri Gey]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600458|Melvin Vincent Gondjout Indjendjet]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600467|Jean Lambert Idodo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600512|Serge Aimé Issembe]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600529|Jean Valentin Leyama]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600535|Marcel Libama]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600539|Serge Maurice Mabiala]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600643|Gabriel Mally Hodjoua]]'' | | | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600645|Paulin Mandjou Ngoyo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600665|Mavoungou Mihindou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600671|Roland Matsiendi]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600749|Jean Claude Mboumi Nzinzi]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600751|Jean-Marie Mboumbou Makanga]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600753|Jean-Bosco Mbagou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127600761|Josué Mbadinga Mbadinga]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604099|Mouele Romain Romain]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604103|Antoine Menie M'eyi]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604108|Carl Mihindou Mi Nzamba]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604112|Christian Minko Mi Etoua]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604188|Dieudonné Mouiri Boussougou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604265|Thierry Nang Ondo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604266|Clément Moupoumbou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604289|Barry Ndimal]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604300|Franck Ndjimbi]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127604304|Jean Bosco Ndjounga]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127643979|François Ndong Obiang]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128113869|Mesmin Boris Ngabikoumou Wada]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128115241|Joël Ngoueneni Ndzengouma]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128115470|Sosthène Nguema Nguema]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128117662|Dominique Guy-Noel Nguieno]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128117673|Aurélien Ntoutoume Mebiame]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128118231|Pascal Franck Nze Ndong Nze]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128118246|Eloi Nzondo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128118398|Frédéric Nzue Edzang]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128118598|Jean-Marie Obame Eyegue]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128118824|Daniel Obame Ondo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128119635|Alban Stéphane Ossinga Onanga]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128119645|Pacôme Rufin Ondzounga]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128119651|Gérard Ondjambi Onguia]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128119662|Luck Harley Ondias Souna]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128119671|Freddy Fernandez Ona Nguema]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128123198|Jean de Dieu Yembit Mangala]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128123199|Fidèle Waura]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128123202|Pendi Georges Trissaugui Ogoulath]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128123203|Stephen Darell Sowa Akendengue Niang]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128123205|Albert Richard Royembo]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128123206|Edgard Owono Ndong]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128123207|Jean Placide Ovono Mbouengou]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128305854|Gabriel Mally Odjoua]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128311017|Charles Otando]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141137226|Chantal Myboto]]'' | | [[Gàbọ̀n]] | 2025 | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} m602n24ce6o2mwmyjy4r7adlteaj0eg 2 66782 637106 636081 2026-09-16T23:31:39Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637106 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People of Tunisia who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q29169698 } |section= |sort=P39/Q29169698/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q29169698/P580:Start date,P39/Q29169698/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q281184|Ali Laarayedh]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:AliLarayedhpicture.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q668526|Noureddine Bhiri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Noureddine Bhiri.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2821016|Abdelfattah Mourou]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:CroppedMourou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2821154|Abdellatif Mekki]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Abdellatif Mekki.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2821275|Abderrazak Cherait]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q2836146|Ali Ben Salem]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q2836158|Ali Bennour]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Ali Bennour, Sayada, 23 mars 2017.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2842788|Amer Larayedh]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Amer Laarayedh.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2947600|Chahida Ben Fraj Bouraoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:ChahidaFraj-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3125673|Hafedh Zouari]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3196141|Khemais Ksila]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Khmaies Ksila.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3218481|Latifa Habachi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Latifa Habachi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3220051|Lazhar Akremi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-02-20 | [[Fáìlì:Lazher Akermi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3304538|Meherzia Labidi Maïza]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-01-22 | [[Fáìlì:Meherzia Labidi Maiza.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3318419|Mohamed Ben Salem]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:MohamedBenSalemANC2011.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3318530|Mohamed Ennaceur]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Ennaceur.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3318553|Mohamed Frikha]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Frikha CandidatEnnahda 2014.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3320447|Moncef Sellami]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:SellamiCoupeTunisieFootball2009Rades.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3461533|Sahbi Atigue]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:SahbiAtigpicture.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3470837|Samir Dilou]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Dilou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3486675|Slim Besbes]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:SlimBesbesSep2014.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3571481|Yamina Zoghlami]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Yamina Zoghlami Cropped.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3571955|Yassine Brahim]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]<br/>[[Fránsì]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-02-20 | [[Fáìlì:CroppedYassineBrahim.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7961932|Walid Bennani]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Walid Bennani.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q10514449|Mehdi Ben Gharbia]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02<br/>2019-11-13 | 2016-09-16<br/>2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitMehdiBenGharbia Jan2014 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q10591389|Iyed Dahmani]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2016-09-16 | [[Fáìlì:IyedDahmani.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q11775942|Salem Labiadh]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Salem Labiedh.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12251558|Yassine Ayari]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2018-02-07<br/>2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13<br/>2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Yassine Ayari, The Munathara Initiative - Feb 3, 2020.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12352837|Nadhir Ben Ammou]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Nadhir Ben ammou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12886365|Imed Daïmi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]<br/>[[Fránsì]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Imed Daimi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q14182276|Touhami Abdouli]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-02-20 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitTouhamiAbdouliJan2012 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16027791|Farida Labidi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitFaridaLabidi2013 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16128314|Samia Abbou]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Samia Abbou, Nawaat capture 19 novembre 2015.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16185697|Mongi Rahoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:MongiRahoui.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16642407|Houcine Jaziri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Houcine Jaziri.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16666126|Naoufel Jammali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitNaoufelJammali Sep2014.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17007718|Zied Lakhdhar]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Ziad Lakhdhar.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19285470|Mbarka Aouania]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mbarka Aouania (02), FSM, Tunis 25 mars 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19345818|Selma Elloumi Rekik]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-02-20 | [[Fáìlì:Selma elloumi rekik.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19346113|Khaoula Ben Aicha]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Khawla Ben Aicha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19346156|Ons Hattab]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19346167|Ibtihej Ben Helal]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19346186|Hela Omrane]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:HelaOmrane-Sayada-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19543800|Souhail Alouini]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:SouhailAlouini-Février2015.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19544687|Sabrine Goubantini]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | [[Bochra Belhaj Hmida]] | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Bochra Belhaj Hmida, Nawaat, 2 décembre 2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19951842|Faouzia Ben Fodha]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Faouzia Ben Fodha - Présidents de l'ARP, Tunisie, capture de Nawaat (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19955807|Noomane Fehri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-02-20 | [[Fáìlì:Noomane Fehri 2 (cropped).JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20851199|Jihen Aouichi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20961773|Ridha Charfeddine]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Ridha Charfedddine, Nawaat, 2 décembre 2014 (01) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21084499|Boutheina Ben Yaghlane]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-02-20 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitBoutheinaBenYaghlaneSep2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21091626|Nawel Tayech]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q21511555|Ghazi Chaouachi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2020-02-27 | [[Fáìlì:Ghazi chaouachi.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21606879|Noomane El Euch]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q22930198|Fathi Ayadi]]'' | | | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q22934436|Hamdi Guezguez]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-07-22 | |- | ''[[:d:Q23073234|Rim Mahjoub]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Rym mahjoub.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23109390|Oussama Essghaier]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Oussama Essghaier.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q25451738|Hayet Omri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Hayat omri.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q25452581|Lajmi Lourimi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Ajmi Lourimi ANC.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q25453450|Sayida Ounissi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02<br/>2019-11-13 | 2016-09-16<br/>2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Sayda Ounissi, member of Ennahdha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27758476|Khaled Chouket]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2016-02-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28045699|Karima Taggaz]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2016-09-16 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Karima Taggaz photo2 كريمة التقاز.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28055867|Aroua Ben Abbas]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitArouaBenAbbas Sep2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28055870|Badreddine Abdelkefi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28465976|Jamila Ksiksi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2022-03-30 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitJamilaDebbechKsiksiSep2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28530089|Sana Marseni]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28716311|Habib Khedher]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Habib Khedher.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577371|Marouan Felfel]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2016-02-09 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577373|Taoufik Ouali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-10-20 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577374|Taher Battikh]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2017-10-18 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577375|Ridha Zghondi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577377|Olfa Jouini]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2016-02-09 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577378|Ammar Amroussia]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Ammar Amroussia, Nawaat 2 décembre 2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577380|Wafa Attia]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577382|Houda Slim]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577383|Mohamed Saidane]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577384|Nadia Zangar]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577385|Rabha Ben Hassine]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577386|Noura Amri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-07-22 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577388|Hssine Yahyaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577389|Leila Ouled Ali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577390|Lamia Gharbi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577391|El Khansa Ben Harrath]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577392|Mongi Harbaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577395|Leila Oueslati]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577397|Faten Oueslati]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2016-09-16 | 2017-04-30 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577398|Lamia Dridi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2016-09-16 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577399|Riadh Jaidane]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Le Député Riadh JAIDANE à l'Assemblée des Représentants du Peuple (Tunisie).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577401|Leila Hamrouni]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577403|Najla Saadaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577404|Moez Belhaj Rhouma]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577405|Heger Ben Cheikh Ahmed]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2016-09-16 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577406|Mourad Hamaidi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577407|Heger Laaroussi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577409|Chakib Bani]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577410|Lilia Younes Ksibi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577411|Noureddine Ben Achour]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577413|Mohamed Mohsen Soudani]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577414|Haykel Belgacem]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577417|Nozha Biaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2015-02-20 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577419|Hedi Soula]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577420|Emna Ben Hmayed]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577421|Zouhair Maghzaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577422|Tarek Fetiti]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Tarek Fetiti photo2 طارق فتيتي.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577423|Mahbouba Ben Dhifallah]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577426|Nizar Amami]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Nizar Amami, Nawaat Tunisie, janvier 2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577427|Ikram Moulahi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577429|Lotfi Ali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577430|Hassouna Nasfi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577431|Soulef Ksantini]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577434|Youssef Jouini]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577437|Fayçal Tebbini]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577440|Sameh Bouhaouel]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:SamehBouhaouel-Sayada-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577442|Zeineb Brahmi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577445|Mahmoud Gouiaa]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitMahmoudGouiaa 2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577449|Taoufik Jemli]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577450|Mohamed Kamel Hamzaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2018-07-28 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577452|Ibrahim Ben Said]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577454|Imen Ben Mhamed]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:ImenBenAhmed Ennahdha 2014.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577455|Taieb Medni]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577456|Ibtissem Jebabli]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577457|Ahmed Khaskhoussi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577458|Mohamed Ennaceur Jbira]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577459|Ridha Dellai]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577460|Noureddine Mrabti]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577462|Aymen Aloui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Aymen Aloui photo1 أيمن علوي.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577464|Najia Ben Abdelhafidh]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577465|Mohamed Hedi Gueddich]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577468|Abdelkader Ben Dhifallah]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577470|Mounir Hamdi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577472|Sana Salhi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577473|Mohamed Rachdi Bouguerra]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577474|Houda Tekaya]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577475|Sahbi Ben Fraj]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577478|Imed Ouled Jebril]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577479|Sameh Dammak]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577482|Neji Jmal]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:NéjiJmal Ennahdha 2014.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577483|Tahar Fdhil]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577484|Bechir Ben Amor]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577485|Karim Helali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Karim Helali photo1 كريم الهلالي.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577487|Houssem Bounenni]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577488|Heger Bouzemmi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577490|Ismail Ben Mahmoud]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577491|Abada Kefi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2018-07-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577492|Mohamed Troudi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577493|Ahmed Seddik]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Ahmed Seddik, Nawaat, Tunisie.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577494|Mohamed Ben Souf]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577495|Amal Souid]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Amal Souid أمل سويد.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577497|Leila Bougatef]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577498|Maher Madhioub]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577499|Mohamed Sidhom]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577500|Bechir Khelifi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577502|Ahmed Ameri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577503|Mohamed Lakhdhar Lajili]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577504|Monia Brahim]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577505|Wafa Makhlouf]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577506|Hedi Ben Braham]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577507|Dalila Babba]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Dalila Babba 2018.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577508|Mohamed Fadhel Ben Omrane]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577510|Basma Jebali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2018-11-30 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577511|Mohamed Ali Bedoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577512|Ali Belakhoua]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577513|Sabri Dekhil]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577514|Walid Jalled]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577516|Kalthoum Badreddine]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitKalthoumBadreddine Jan2014 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577517|Mohamed Nejib Torjmane]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577519|Sofien Toubel]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Sofien Toubel photo2 سفيان طوبال.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29577521|Imed Khemiri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577522|Abderraouf Cherif]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2018-12-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577523|Naceur Channoufi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577524|Mabrouk Hrizi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29577525|Belgacem Dkhili]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580310|Mohamed Amine Kahloul]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580315|Kamel Harraghi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580316|Brahim Nacef]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580350|Salem Hamdi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2017-02-28 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580351|Mohamed Ben Youssef El Hamdi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580353|Fathi Chamkhi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580354|Abdelmoumen Belanes]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:AbdelmoumenBelanes-Sayada-Mai-2017-1.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580357|Tarek Barrak]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580358|Ahmed Saidi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580420|Rim Thairi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580422|Fatma Mseddi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580426|Dorra Yaacoubi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580429|Radhia Toumi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580435|Hatem Ferjani]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2018-02-07 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580438|Abdelaziz Kotti]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Abdlaziz Kotti.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580442|Issam Matoussi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580444|Meriem Boujbel]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580447|Lamia Mlayah]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580449|Asma Abou Hana]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580452|Olfa Soukri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580454|Abderraouf Chebbi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580455|Jamila Jouini]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580459|Hssan Amri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580461|Ramzi Ben Fraj]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Ramzi Ben Fraj.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580462|Kamel Dhaouadi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580463|Souad Bayouli]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580465|Abir Abdelli]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580466|Leila Zahaf]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580468|Mohamed Ramzi Khmiss]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580470|Faycel Khelifa]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580471|Mohamed Kamel Besbes]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Kamel Besbes - Mai 2015.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580472|Ahmed Mechergui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:AhmedMechregui 2014.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580473|Salah Bargaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580475|Mondher Belhaj Ali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mondher Belhaj Ali, Nawaat, janvier 2016, Tunisie.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580478|Chaker Ayadi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580479|Mohamed Jalel Ghedira]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580480|Zouhair Rejbi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580481|Mohamed Ghannem]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Ghannem.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580482|Safia Khalfi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580483|Mohamed Anouar Adhar]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580485|Bechir Ellazzem]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:PortraitBechirLazzem2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580486|Souad Zaouali]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580488|Adnane Hajji]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580489|Mohamed Mahjoub]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Mahjoub.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580490|Abderraouf El May]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580492|Zohra Driss]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580493|Abdennaceur Chouikh]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580495|Chafik Ayadi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580496|Mahmoud Kahri]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580499|Lotfi Nabli]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580500|Lakhdhar Belhouchat]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29580503|Sami Fetnassi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2019-11-13 | [[Fáìlì:Sami Fetnassi photo2 سامي الفطناسي.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29580504|Mohamed Zrig]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Zrig photo1 محمد زريق.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29581143|Mustapha Ben Ahmed]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q30012117|Mohamed Abdellaoui]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2017-02-28 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60171938|Amira Zoukari]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2017-10-18 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60171944|Hayet Kebaier]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2014-12-02 | 2015-10-20 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60171952|Maroua Bouazzi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2018-07-28 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60172009|Nesrine Laamari]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2018-07-13 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60172198|Abdelwahab Ouerfelli]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2017-04-30 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60172220|Jihen Abbadi]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2018-12-01 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60172365|Hajer Triki]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2018-11-30 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q86140333|Yosri Daly]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2019-11-13 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q97177810|Nabil Hajji]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q100563142|Rached Khiari]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2019-11-13 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q106149291|Zied Ghanney]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2019-11-13 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q106164113|Jalal Zayati]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2019-11-13 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q119862501|Yassine Mami]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2023-05-11 | | [[Fáìlì:Yassine Mami.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q128857532|Ayachi Zammel]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2019-11-13 | 2021-12-13 | |- | ''[[:d:Q129169085|Anouar Marzouki]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2023-03-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q129169086|Saoussen Mabrouk]]'' | | [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]] | 2023-03-13 | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} pphe417hgy2ylnjnnupmykevjq8tte6 2 66797 637083 636075 2026-09-16T17:03:57Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637083 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21296472 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21296472/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21296472/P580:Start date,P39/Q21296472/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | [[Morgan Tsvangirai]] | | ''[[:d:Q654342|Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q750583|Southern Rhodesia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q217169|Rhodesia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q890120|Zimbabwe Rhodesia]]''<br/>[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Morgan Tsvangirai Oslo 2009 A.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q313424|Ian Douglas Smith]]'' | | [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]<br/>''[[:d:Q217169|Rhodesia]]''<br/>[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Ian Smith 1975.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q432934|Arthur Mutambara]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Mutambara 2009 crop.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Emmerson Mnangagwa]] | olóṣèlú, Sìmbábúè | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Emmerson Mnangagwa Official Portrait (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q514464|Simbarashe Mumbengegwi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Simbarashe Mumbengegwi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q981736|Joice Mujuru]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Joice Mujuru at Horasis Global Arab Business Meeting 2012 crop.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1379403|Simba Makoni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1399766|Joseph Msika]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Joseph Msika.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1533788|Godfrey Beremauro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1538373|Ndabaningi Sithole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]<br/>''[[:d:Q217169|Rhodesia]]'' | | | [[Fáìlì:Ndabaningi Sithole (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2011278|Obert Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2112402|Stan Mudenge]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2209549|Sabina Mugabe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2287723|Simon Muzenda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2407586|Elliot Manyika]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2001-07-28 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2431630|Tichaona Jokonya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3062672|Roy Bennett]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Roy Bennett 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3081621|Francis Nhema]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3133488|Herbert Murerwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3183430|Jonathan Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3264301|Lovemore Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3274147|John Nkomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3369338|Patrick Chinamasa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Patrick Chinamasa.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4305770|Solomon Mujuru]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4687771|Aeneas Chigwedere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4730957|Allan Savory]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Allan Savory (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4741842|Ambrose Mutinhiri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2000-11-26 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4747917|Amos Midzi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4757697|Andrew Langa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2002-10-27 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4795279|Arnold Tsunga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4926322|Blessing Chebundo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4944569|Border Gezi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4967458|Bright Matonga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5017585|Cain Mathema]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Minister Cain Mathema.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5091407|Chenjerai Hunzvi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5107550|Chris Mushohwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5147035|Collen Gwiyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5218173|Daniel Molokele]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5218758|Daniel Shumba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5230802|David Anthony Chimhini]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5231960|David Butau]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5232494|David Coltart]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:David Coltart.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5238373|David Parirenyatwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:David Parirenyatwa (cropped).png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5274292|Didymus Mutasa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:DidymusMutasa1988.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5301822|Douglas Mombeshora]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5335953|Eddie Cross]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5340066|Edna Madzongwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Edna Madzongwe at the 53rd Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference, in New Delhi on September 22, 2007.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5340334|Edson Zvobgo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Eddison Zvobgo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5360562|Elias Mudzuri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5367269|Elphas Mukonoweshuro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5367868|Elton Mangoma]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5387062|Eric Matinenga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5416378|Evelyn Masaiti]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5427612|Faber Chidarikire]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5442264|Felix Magalela Mafa Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5446764|Fidelis Mhashu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5458776|Fletcher Dulini]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5460278|Flora Buka]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5559396|Gibson Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5559982|Gift Banda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5561692|Giles Mutsekwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5576402|Godfrey Chidyausiku]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5584672|Gorden Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5720588|Heneri Dzinotyiweyi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5927511|Hubert Nyanhongo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6019041|Paul Temba Nyathi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6146138|Jameson Timba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6187759|Jessie Majome]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Jessie Fungayi Majome profile pic(1).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6213465|Joel Gabuza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6276249|Joram Gumbo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6282111|Joseph Chinotimba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6285211|Joseph Made]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6386891|Kembo Mohadi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2008-08-25 | 2018-07 | [[Fáìlì:Vice President of Zimbabwe, Mr. Kembo Mohadi, at the Munhumutapa Building, in Harare, Zimbabwe on November 03, 2018 (cropped).JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6505903|Lazarus Dokora]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2006-10-07 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6510240|Learnmore Jongwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6769164|Mark Partridge]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Mark Partridge.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6828646|Michael Bimha]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Michael Bimha (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6848219|Mike Nyambuya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6875513|Misheck Kagurabadza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6915903|Moses Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6935586|Munacho Mutezo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6937034|Munyaradzi Gwisai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6938737|Murisi Zwizwai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2003-08-30 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7025447|Nicholas Goche]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7048451|Nomalanga Khumalo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7070929|Nyasha Chikwinya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7088073|Olivia Muchena]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Olivia muchena.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7095508|Oppah Muchinguri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Oppah Muchinguri.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7116568|Ozias Bvute]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7117376|P. K. van der Byl]]'' | | [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]<br/>[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7149825|Paul Chimedza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7152179|Paul Mangwana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7155466|Paurina Mpariwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7185645|Phillip Chiyangwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7245611|Priscilla Misihairabwi-Mushonga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Zanda Kalniņa-Lukaševica tiekas ar Zimbabves vēstnieci 02.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7317489|Reuben Marumahoko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7378129|Rugare Gumbo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7410395|Tendai Biti]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Tendai Biti, 2009 World Economic Forum on Africa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7412244|Samuel Mumbengegwi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7412644|Samuel Sipepa Nkomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7412813|Samuel Undenge]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7428343|Saviour Kasukuwere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Saviour Kasukuwere - 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7446983|Seiso Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7456035|Sesel Zvidzai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7507257|Sibonile Nyamudeza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7513688|Sikhanyiso Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7641876|Supa Mandiwanzira]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7659134|Swithun Mombeshora]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7660136|Sydney Sekeramayi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7660812|Sylvester Nguni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7710066|Thamsanqa Mahlangu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7782879|Theresa Makoni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7807530|Timothy Stamps]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]<br/>[[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7808439|Tinos Rusere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7847292|Trudy Stevenson]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7964549|Walter Chidhakwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7965696|Walter Mzembi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2004-10-09 | | [[Fáìlì:H.E. Walter Mzembi, Minister of Tourism & Hospitality Industry, Government of Zimbabwe cropped.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7978955|Webster Shamu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Paul Tangi Mhova Mkondo, Aaron Samuriwo & Webster Shamu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7982050|Welshman Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:The Minister of Industry & Commerce, Zimbabwe, Prof. Welshman Ncube meeting the Union Minister for Commerce and Industry, Shri Anand Sharma, in New Delhi on March 29, 2011.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q8003386|Willard Chiwewe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8023117|Wilson Kumbula]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q9358456|Thokozani Khuphe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Thokozani Khuphe.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q14922135|Moven Mahachi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q15992851|Edward Chindori-Chininga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16016626|Josiah Tungamirai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2004-02-03 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16151660|Ignatious Chombo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Ignatius Chombo 2017.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16195944|Fortune Chasi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16207702|Nelson Chamisa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2003-03-30 | | [[Fáìlì:Nelson Chamisa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16222304|Psychology Maziwisa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16732942|Simbi Mubako]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | [[Tracy Mutinhiri]] | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16733535|Sithembiso Nyoni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Sithembiso Nyoni at UNCTAD eWeek 2023- Shaping the future of the digital economy (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19144163|David Karimanzira]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2006 | 2005-04-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q25697807|Kumbirai Kangai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Independence Day Celebrations at the Ambassador's Residence, Harare, Zimbabwe. Guests at the function included Deputy Speaker of Parliament, Kumbirai Kangai.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27380169|Cephas Msipa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q27469157|Victoria Chitepo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q27975349|John A. Landau]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q28606443|Rowan Cronjé]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q29588993|Obedingwa Mguni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q32534048|Christopher Kuruneri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q43266691|Christopher Mutsvangwa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q750583|Southern Rhodesia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q890120|Zimbabwe Rhodesia]]''<br/>[[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q43402860|Patrick Zhuwao]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2008-08-25 | 2013-06-27 | |- | ''[[:d:Q43667129|Tabetha Kanengoni Malinga]]'' | Olóṣèlú àti oníṣòwò ará Zimbabwe | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2008 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q43962933|Auxillia Mnangagwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Auxillia Mnangagwa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q45064460|Ronnie Sadomba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q45740667|Iain Kay]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2009 | 2013-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q46853306|Jock Kay]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | [[Thenjiwe Lesabe]] | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q52084210|Rollo Hayman]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q52126078|Maureen Thelma Watson]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q58007739|Jacob Mudenda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Jacob Mudenda 2022 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q59655893|Tongai Mnangagwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q63190278|Sithembile Gumbo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q78315284|Joana Mamombe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q85115570|Nqobizitha Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q85678901|Paul Mavima]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | 2023-08-02 | |- | ''[[:d:Q85678984|Ziyambi Ziyambi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q85772479|July Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q85850886|Kazembe Kazembe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q86997401|Job Sikhala]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q87110935|Winston Chitando]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q89084670|Patrick Dube]]'' | | [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q91165040|Nicola Watson]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q93452160|Mabel Chinomona]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2018-08<br/>2013-09-17 | | [[Fáìlì:Mabel Chinomona - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q93469585|Rusty Markham]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q93578158|Christopher Chingosho]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q93838438|Raj Modi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q94034676|Mike Auret]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q94973458|Vangelis Haritatos]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Vangelis Haritatos.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q95000270|Tony Gara]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q95671086|Peter Hewlett]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96094584|Ernest Bulle]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q97154086|Daniel Garwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q97326327|Joseph Musa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2005-06-18 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q97816798|Masango Matambanadzo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2013-07-31 | 2018-07<br/>2020-07-28 | |- | ''[[:d:Q98112108|Owen Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q98931496|Soda Zhemu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Soda Zhemu - 2021 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100524761|Mathew Nyashanu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105071475|Joel Matiza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105649282|Felix Mhona]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106074124|John Houghton]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q107491736|Peter Haritatos]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q107534597|Bekithemba Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110197420|Jenfan Muswere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111270218|Paddy Zhanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111270219|Davis Marapira]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111270220|Douglas Karoro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281516|Abednico Bhebhe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281517|Abednico Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281518|Abigail Damasane]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281519|Adam Chimwamurombe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281520|Albert Mhlanga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281521|Aldrin Musiiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281522|Alexio Musundire]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281523|Alfred Mufunga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281606|Anastancia Ndhlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281607|Anele Ndebele]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281608|Aqualina Katsande]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281609|Batsirayi Pemhenayi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281610|Bekithemba Nyathi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281611|Berta Chikwama]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281612|Biata B. Nyamupinga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281614|Blessed Runesu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281615|Cephas Sindi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281616|Chenayimoyo D. Francis Nhema]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281617|Christopher Chigumba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2004-03-28 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281618|Christopher Chitindi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281619|Chriswell Mutematsaka]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281620|Chuma K. Bhasikiti]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281621|Clifford Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281622|Costa Machingauta]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281623|Daniel M. Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281624|David Chapfika]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281625|Denford Masiya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281626|Dextor T. Nduna]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281627|Dingilizwe Tshuma]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281628|Dorcas Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281629|Dorothy Mangami]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281630|Dubeko Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281631|Edgar Chidavaenzi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281633|Edgar Mbwembwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281634|Edmond Mhere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281635|Edson Gumbo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281636|Enock Porusingazi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281637|Ephraim Gwanonodza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281638|Epmarcus Kanhanga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281639|Erick Murai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281640|Ezira Ruvai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281641|Fani Phanuel Phiri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281642|Francis Muchenje]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281643|Francis Mukwangwariwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281644|Fred Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281645|Fungai J Majome]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281646|Getrude Chibagu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281647|Getrude Hungwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281648|Gift Chimanikire]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281649|Gladys Mathe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281650|Godfrey Gandawa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281651|Godfrey N Malaba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281652|Godfrey Sithole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281653|Harris Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281654|Hazvineyi Z Makari]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281655|Innocent Gonese]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281656|Innocent Pedzisai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281657|Irene Zindi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281658|Iris Chiratidzo Mabuwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:2013-Zimbabwe's Deputy Min of Industry Mabuwa (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111281659|Isaac Mackenzie]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281660|Jaison Passade]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281661|James Maridadi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281662|Jeffrey Runzirwai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281663|Jeppy Jaboon]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281664|John Holder]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281665|Jonathan Samukange]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281666|Joseph Mapiki]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281667|Joseph Tshuma]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281668|Josephat Madubeko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281669|Josephine Value Chitembwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281670|Judith Muzhavazhe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281671|Justice Mayor Wadyajena]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281672|Kalitso Gwanetsa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281673|Kennedy Matimba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281674|Kenneth S. Musanhi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281675|Kindness Paradza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2003-08-30 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281676|Kizito Chivamba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281677|Kudzanayi Chipanga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281678|Ladislus Ndoro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281679|Lamson Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281680|Leonard Chikomba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281681|Lilian Zemura]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281682|Lovemore Matuke]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2005-11-26 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281683|Lucia Matibenga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281684|Luke Musamvu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281685|Lungisani Nleya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281687|Mabel Kaundikiza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281688|Mabel Matirangano Nkatazo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281689|Madodana Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281690|Mafios Vutete]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281691|Maideyi Mpala]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281692|Makhosini Hlongwane]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281693|Malach Nkomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281694|Mandi M. Chimene]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281695|Mapetere D. V. Mawere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281696|Margaret Matienga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281698|Martin Khumalo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2004-05-16 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281700|Mathias S. Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281701|Mathias Tongofa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281702|Melenia Mahiya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281704|Metrine Mdau]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281705|Michael Madanha]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281706|Mike Gava]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281707|Miriam Makweya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281708|Monica Chigudu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281709|Moses Manyengawana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281710|Mthokozisi M. Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281711|Mubvumbi Mawere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281712|Munyaradzi Kereke]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281713|Never Khanye]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281714|Newton Kachepa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281715|Nomathemba Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281716|Nomsa Jenifer Mlanga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281717|Noveti Muponora]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281718|Oliver Mandipaka]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281719|Omega S Hungwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281720|Paradzai Chakona]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281721|Paul Madzore]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281723|Peter Mataruse]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281724|Petronella Kagonye]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281725|Phelele Masuku]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281727|Phineas Chiota]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281728|Pius Madzinga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281729|Prosper Mutseyami]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281730|Psychology Mazivisa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281731|Ray Kaukonde]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2005-04-15 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281732|Raymore Machingura]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281733|Reggie Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281734|Robert Mukwena]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281735|Robson Mavenyengwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281736|Ronald Muderedzwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281737|Roselyn Nkomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281738|Rossy Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281739|Sabbina Mangwende]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281740|Samson T. Mukanduri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281741|Sarah Mahoka]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281742|Settlement Chikwinya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281743|Shadreck Mashayamombe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281744|Simbaneuta Mudarikwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281745|Simon Chidhakwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281746|Simon Musanhu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281747|Sipho Dube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281748|Sithemba Gumbo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281749|Solomon Madzore]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281750|Soul Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281751|Tapiwa Mashakada]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281752|Tapiwanashe Matangaidze]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281753|Tariro Mtingwende]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281754|Temba Mliswa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281755|Tendai Savanhu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281756|Tendayi Makunde]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281758|Terence Mukupe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281759|Teti Banda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281760|Thabitha Khumalo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281761|Thomas Maseko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281762|Tinashe Maduza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281763|Tionei Melody Dziva]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281764|Toendepi Matangira]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281765|Tongai Muzenda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281766|Tongesai Mudambo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281767|Tose Wesley Sansole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281768|Trevor Saruwaka]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281769|Tshinga J Dube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281770|Tsitsi Gezi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281771|Unganai Tarusenga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281772|Washington Masvaire]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281773|Webster Maondera]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281774|William M. Dhewa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281775|William Mutomba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281776|Willias Madzimure]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281777|Win Busayi Mlambo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281778|Wonder Mashange]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111281779|Zenzo Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282848|Alice Ndhlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282849|Amos Chibaya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282850|Angeline Chipato]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282851|Annah Rungani]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282852|Annastazia Nyahino]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282853|Bacillia Majaya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282854|Brian Tshuma]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282855|Christina Nyere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282856|Concilia Chinanzvavana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282857|Constance Tsomondo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282858|Darlington Chiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282859|Dorothy Kadungure]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282860|Dorothy Mashonganyika]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282861|Dorothy Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282862|Elizabeth Shongedza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282863|Emma Muzondiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282864|Ester Chikuni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282865|Eunice Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282866|Fani Munengami]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282867|Fanny Chirisa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282868|Goodlucky Kwaramba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282869|Irimai Mukwishu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282870|Jasmine Toffa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282872|Jeremiah Chiwetu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282873|Joan Tsogorani]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282874|Joyce Makonya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282875|Lucia Chitura]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282876|Lwazi Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282877|Macdonald Muchetwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282878|Mafoko Labode]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282879|Mail Nkomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282880|Mandi Chimene]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282881|Masaiti Muzungu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282882|Memory Munochinzwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282883|Miriam Chikukwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282884|Molly Mnkandla]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282885|Philina Zhou]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282886|Revai Muguti]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282887|Roseline Makoni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282888|Sabina Thembani]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282889|Sibusisiwe Budha]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282890|Sikhanyisiwe Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282892|Spiwe Muchenje]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282893|Tafanana Zhou]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282894|Ticharwa Madondo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111282895|Yeukai Simbanegavi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111283552|Angelina Masuku]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111283561|Jaison Max Korerai Machaya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111283578|Molly Mkandla]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111283586|Ruth Mafoko Labode]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111283587|Shuvai Ben Mahofa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111283592|Thokozile A. Mathuthu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111283850|Fortune Charumbira]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291744|Douglas Mwonzora]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Image of Douglas Mwonzora seated in Formal lounge.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111291896|Ability Gandawa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291897|Albert Nguluvhe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291898|Alum Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291899|Andrew Nkani]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291900|Annah Myambo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291901|Augustine Dumo Musikavanhu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291903|Bannwell Seremwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291905|Barbara Rwodzi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291908|Bramwell Bushu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291909|Brian Dube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291910|Brightness Mangora]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291911|Campion Takura Mugweni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291912|Caston Matewu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291913|Catherine Gozho]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291914|Cecil Kashiri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291915|Chalton Hwende]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291916|Charles Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291917|Chido Madiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291918|Chido Sanyatwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291919|Claudious Maronge]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291920|Clemence Chiduwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291921|Colletta Mutambisi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291922|Consilia Chinanzvavana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291923|Constance Chihururu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291924|Cuthbert Mpame]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291925|David Musabayana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291926|David Tekeshe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291928|Davison Svuure]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291930|Dingumuzi Phuti]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291931|Doubt Ndiweni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291932|Dumezweni Mawite]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291933|Earthrage Kureva]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291934|Edgar Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291935|Edmond Mkaratigwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291936|Edmore Samambwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291937|Edwin Mushoriwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291938|Elias Musakwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291939|Elina Shirichena]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291940|Elizabeth Masuku]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291941|Energy Mutodi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Venant Mambumina Imhotep Filming Mutodi.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111291943|Esther Chikuni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291945|Farai Taruvinga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291946|Fereska Nhambo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291947|Francisca Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291948|Freddy Kapuya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291950|Girovah Dzepasi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291951|Godfrey Dube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291952|Goodluck Kwaramba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291953|Goodrich Chimbaira]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291954|Gorden Chanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291955|Happymore Chidziva]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291956|Hebert Shumbamhini]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291957|Ilos Nyoni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291958|Jacob Nyokanhete]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291959|James Chidakwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291960|James Munetsi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291961|James Sithole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291962|Jefry Ngome]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291963|John Chamunorwa Mangwiro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291964|John Paradza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291965|Johnson Madhuku]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291966|Jonah Nyikadzino Sewera]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291967|Josephine Shava]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291968|Joshua Murire]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291969|Joshua Sacco]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291970|Josiah Sithole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291971|Joyce Jaja]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291972|Judith Mkwanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291973|Kanhutu Irene Nzenza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291974|Kennedy Dinar]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291976|Killer Zivhu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291977|Killion Kalisto Gwanetsa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291978|Kucaca Phulu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291979|Levi Mayihlome]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291981|Livingstone Chimina]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291982|Lloyd Mukapiko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291983|Lynette Karenyi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291984|Magna Mudyiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291985|Male Mukomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291986|Marian Chombo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111291987|Marko Raidza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292043|Mary Mliswa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292044|Mathias Matewu Mlambo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292046|Maxwell Mavhunga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292048|Memory Bodhiya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292049|Michael Madiro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292050|Miriam Mushayi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292051|Mirriam Rutendo Chikukwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292052|Misheck Mataranyika]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292053|Mthokozisi Manoki Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292054|Muchineripi Chinyanganya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292055|Ngoni Masenda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292056|Nokuthula Matsikenyere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292057|Norman Marikisi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292058|Nyarai Tsuura]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292059|Omar Joosbi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292060|Omega Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292061|Ophar Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292062|Ophias Murambiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292063|Oscar Gorerino]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292064|Patrick Chidakwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292065|Patrick Dutiro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292066|Perseverance Zhou]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292067|Peter Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292069|Polite Kambamwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292070|Precious Chinhamo Masango]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292071|Prince Dubeko Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292072|Priscilla Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292073|Prosper Machando]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292074|Pupurai Togarepi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292075|Regai Tsunga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292076|Remigious Matangira]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292077|Reselyn Roseweater Makoni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292078|Reuben Chikudo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292079|Richard Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292080|Richard Musiyiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292081|Richard Tsvangirai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292082|Robson Ronald Nyathi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292083|Royi Bhilla]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292086|Ruth Mavhungu Maboyi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292087|Samuel Banda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292088|Senzeni Mafuta]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292089|Shakespear Hamauswa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292091|Sibangumuzi Khumalo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292093|Sichelesile Mahlangu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292095|Sonny Key Mguni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292096|Soul Dzuma]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292097|Spare Sithole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292098|Spiwe Muchaneta Muchenje]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292099|Spiwe Mukunyaidze]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292100|Starman Chamisa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292101|Stars Mathe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292102|Stella Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292103|Stephen Kabozo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292104|Stephen Ngwenya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292105|Susan Madziwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292106|Susan Matsunga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292107|Sydney Chidamba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292108|Tapera Saizi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292109|Tatenda Mavetera]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292110|Tavengwa Mukuhlani]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292111|Tawanda Karikoga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292112|Tawanda Tungamirayi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292113|Teedzai Percy Muchimwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292114|Tendai Nyabani]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292115|Tichaona Karimazondo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292116|Tinoda Machakarika]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292117|Tobias Kashambe Munyaradzi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292118|Torerayi Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292122|Variyeti Nhari]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292123|Victor Matemadanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292124|Virginia Zengeya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292125|Wellington Chikombo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111292126|Winnie Kankuni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295037|Abraham Sithole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295038|Alice Mwaemura Chitima]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295040|Alois Baolyi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295041|Anadi Sisulu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295043|Busy Ngwenya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295045|Charles Pemhenai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295047|Chenayimoyo Nhema]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295048|Clemency Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295049|Cornelius Dube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295050|Costain Muguti]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295052|Edmore Maramwidze]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295054|Edmore Marima]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295055|Elias Jembere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295058|Ernest Mudavanhu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295061|Festus Dongo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295062|Fred Kanzama]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295063|Funny Munengani]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295064|Gift Dzirutwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295065|Giles Tariyafero Mutsekwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295067|Harrison Mudzuri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295069|Heya Shoko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295073|Irvine Dzingirai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295074|Jabulani Mangena]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295075|Jani Marandeni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295077|Jefferson Chitando]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295078|John Nyamande]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295080|Lawrence Mavima]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295081|Lovemore Mupukuta]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295083|Maposhere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295084|Marvellous Khumalo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295085|Meki Makuyana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295086|Misheck Shoko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295087|Mkhosi Edward Tshotsho Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295088|Moses Mare]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295090|Muza Sheunesu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295092|Naison Nemadziva]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295094|Noel Mandevu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295095|Norman Mpofu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295097|Obert Matshalaga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295098|Oliver Chirume]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295099|Pearson Mungofa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2003-03-30 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295100|Phares Hakuna Maramba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295101|Pilot Masukume]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295103|Piniel Denga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295104|Pishai Muchauraya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295105|Ramson Makamure]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295108|Rodger Tazviona]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295109|Rodrick Rutsvara]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295111|Ronald Ndava]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295116|Samuel Nkomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295117|Shaddy Sai]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295119|Shepherd Madamombe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295122|Shuah Mudiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295123|Siyabonga Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295124|Tangwara Matimba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295125|Thandeko Mnkandla]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295126|Tongai Matutu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295127|Tranos Huruva]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295128|Webber Chinyadza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295129|Willard Chimbetete]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111295159|Willis Madzimure]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312668|Aaron Baloyi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312669|Abednico Malinga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312671|Canisia Sathiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312672|Cecilia Gwachirwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312673|Celine Pote]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312674|Charles Majange]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312675|Chenhamo Chimutingwende]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312676|Christopher Malaba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312677|Christopher Mushowe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312678|Claudius Makova]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2001-01-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312679|Cyprian Malisa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312680|Daniel Mackenzie Ncube]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312681|Editor Matamisa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312682|Edward Mkhosi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312683|Edwin Muguti]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312684|Enita Maziriri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312685|Ephraim Masawi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312686|Esaph Mdhlongwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312687|Esther Nyauchi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312690|Freddy Kadzama]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312691|George Chimombe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312692|Gilbert Shoko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312693|Isaiah Shumba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312695|Jealous Sansole]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312696|Jonathan Chandengenda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312698|Josphat Madubeko]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312699|Kenneth Mutiwekuziva]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312700|Leo Mugabe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312701|Luke Mushore]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312703|Mabel Mawere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312704|Milton Gwetu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312705|Morris Sakabuya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312706|Nelson Samkange]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312707|Njabuliso Mguni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312708|Patrick Mudzimurema]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312709|Paul Kadzima]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312710|Phineas Chihota]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2004-09-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312711|Sabina Zinyemba]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312712|Sandra Machirori]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312713|Shadreck Chipanga]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312714|Show Bushu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312716|Thembikosi Sibindi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312717|Timothy Mabhawu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312718|Timothy Mukahlera]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312719|Tinaye Chigudu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312720|Titus Maluleke]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312721|Try Dandawa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111312722|Zachariah Ziyambi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313025|Amos Mutongi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313026|Austin Mupandawana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313027|Bennie Tumbare-Mutasa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313028|Bethel Makwembere]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313029|Cephas Nyoni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313030|Charles Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313031|David Mpala]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313032|Dunmore Makuvaza]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313033|Elick Mkandla]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313034|Elliot Chauke]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313035|Gabriel Chaibva]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313036|George Joe Ndlovu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313037|Hilda Mafudze]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313038|Innocent Chikiyi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313039|Jacob Mabikwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313040|Jeffrey Khumalo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313041|Jefta Chindanya]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313042|Josiah Hungwe]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313043|Justin Mutendadzamera]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313044|Kenneth Manyonda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313045|Leonard Chirewamangu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313046|Mark Madiro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313047|Messias Matewu]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313048|Mtoliki Sibanda]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313049|Nkosana Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313050|Nobbie Dzinzi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313052|Paul Mazikana]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313053|Pearson Mbalekwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313054|Peter Chanetsa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313055|Renson Gasela]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313056|Rufaro Gwanzura]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313057|Silas Man'ono]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313058|Stephen Nkomo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313059|Sydney Mukwecheni]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313060|Tafadzwa Musekiwa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313061|Tichaona Munyanyi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313062|Victor Chitongo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313063|Walter Mutsauri]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313065|Welshman Mabhena]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313195|Bernard Makokove]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2001-09-23 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313197|Gibson Munyoro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2001-09-09 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313199|Phone Madiro]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2002-09-29 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313200|Tichafa Mutema]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2003-11-30 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313421|Emmanuel Chisvuure]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2006-05-20 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313423|Kallisto Gwanetsa]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2007-02-17 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313424|Livingstone Chineka]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2007-06-09 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313425|Steven Chiurayi]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2006-10-07 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111313841|Kantibhai Patel]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 1991 | 2000 | [[Fáìlì:The Vice President, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu at the Samadhi of Kantibhai Govardhanbhai Patel who had migrated to Zimbabwe in 1961 and rose to become a senator and was elected as Member of Parliament, in Harare, Zimbabwe.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136477188|Desire Moyo]]'' | | [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]] | 2023-09-07 | 2025-10-10 | |} {{Wikidata list end}} lglj4dea8q7xp23aoyqzpexnzsr1gov 2 67881 637107 636083 2026-09-16T23:42:20Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637107 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q75746002 Members of the Academy of Science of South Africa] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT DISTINCT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count) (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/author/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/author/", ?qid , "/missing{{!}}📖]]") AS ?scholia) WHERE { ?item wdt:P166 wd:Q75746002 . OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item } } GROUP BY ?item|section= |sort=P166/Q75746002/P585 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P166/Q75746002/P585:Date conferred,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! iṣẹ́ oòjọ́ rẹ̀ ! ORCID iD ! Google Scholar author ID ! VIAF ID ! Date conferred ! Image ! Publications (known/missing) |- | ''[[:d:Q76864546|Raymond Haines]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76864546|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76864546/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54086671|Norman Owen-Smith]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8429-1201 0000-0001-8429-1201] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BoSadf0AAAAJ BoSadf0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/29615824 29615824]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/496166656941922710006 496166656941922710006] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78451629|Thoko V Mayekiso]]'' | ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78451629|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78451629/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70378516|Crain Arthur Soudien]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-6532 0000-0002-9934-6532] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=i8djXlYAAAAJ i8djXlYAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/61677562 61677562] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70378516|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70378516/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5213742|Dan J. Stein]]'' | ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>[[oníṣègùn]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810 0000-0001-7218-7810] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LOHkEw8AAAAJ LOHkEw8AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/39468370 39468370] | | [[Fáìlì:Dan-Stein-20130904.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742|29]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17612495|Quarraisha Karim]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0985-477X 0000-0002-0985-477X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ARaZ9-MAAAAJ ARaZ9-MAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/24336962 24336962] | | [[Fáìlì:Quarraisha Abdool Karim.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79461535|Thomas Rehle]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q60739955|healthcare scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7437-4345 0000-0001-7437-4345] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48869538 48869538] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79461535|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79461535/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21505541|Himansu Baijnath]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-3876 0000-0001-6594-3876] | | | | [[Fáìlì:Himansu Baijnath.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21505541|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21505541/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78885212|Daniel James Ncayiyana]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-8057 0000-0001-6016-8057] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78885212|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78885212/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56394925|Nesri Padayatchi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10334684|public health physician]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-9071 0000-0003-2543-9071] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OINblGUAAAAJ OINblGUAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56394925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56394925/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39527283|Sabiha Yusuf Essack]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3357-2761 0000-0003-3357-2761] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39527283|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39527283/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78453566|Anthony David Mbewu]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3264451|cardiologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78453566|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78453566/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2043552|Johannes van Staden]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-1281 0000-0003-0515-1281] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/562159234013403370477 562159234013403370477] | | [[Fáìlì:Prof johannes van staden-1595341335.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41113731|Wolfgang Preiser]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-7910 0000-0002-0254-7910] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41113731|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41113731/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76003072|Nigel Tempest Bishop]]'' | ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=m8CpFJkAAAAJ m8CpFJkAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76003072|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76003072/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55098484|Graeme Meintjes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-4414 0000-0003-1196-4414] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fFi4xj4AAAAJ fFi4xj4AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55098484|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55098484/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55820267|Keith Breckenridge]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15319501|social scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-6837 0000-0001-5023-6837] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/295702208 295702208] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55820267|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55820267/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76004979|David Block]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''<br/>[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/309720300 309720300]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/88042470 88042470] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76004979|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76004979/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76005296|Juanita Bornman]]'' | | | | | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76005296|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76005296/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78456602|Veronica McKay]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78456602|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78456602/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41693545|Murray Leibbrandt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q85863506|researcher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0829-8844 0000-0003-0829-8844] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4_jykaYAAAAJ 4_jykaYAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/33108449 33108449] | | [[Fáìlì:Murray Leibbrandt.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41693545|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41693545/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76006138|Liesbeth Botha]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006138|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006138/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76006290|Rudie Botha]]'' | ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006290|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006290/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71104683|Willem Albert Hanekom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-1645 0000-0002-6788-1645] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GNFho0kAAAAJ GNFho0kAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76006527|André Boraine]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-4287 0000-0003-4115-4287] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N0F7S9EAAAAJ N0F7S9EAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006527|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006527/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79322762|Robert Clive Pattinson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2640827|gynecologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322762|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322762/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79322932|Michael Pepper]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322932|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322932/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q91001469|Vasu Reddy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-2320 0000-0002-6004-2320] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/96897750 96897750] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91001469|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91001469/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76007840|Sonja Bosch]]'' | ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76007840|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76007840/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79756318|Ann Skelton]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>[[amòfin]]<br/>''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4320-8904 0000-0003-4320-8904] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fIJ4Hs4AAAAJ fIJ4Hs4AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/117145542414196640961 117145542414196640961]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/261974215 261974215] | 2019 | [[Fáìlì:Ann Skelton 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79756318|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79756318/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76008824|Paul Bowen]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008824/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79757375|Beric William Skews]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79757375|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79757375/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76008996|Daniel Bradlow]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1518-1815 0000-0002-1518-1815] | | | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008996|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008996/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76874208|Lawrence Hamilton]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76874208|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76874208/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q72116776|Igle Gledhill]]'' | ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-0290 0000-0001-6171-0290] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vKA1b3YAAAAJ vKA1b3YAAAAJ] | | | [[Fáìlì:Igle Gledhill 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72116776|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72116776/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78748626|Alphose Zingoni]]'' | ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/216080706 216080706]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/31487334 31487334] | | [[Fáìlì:AlphoseZingoni-Profile.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78748626|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78748626/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78460617|Lirieka Meintjes-Van der Walt]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460617|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460617/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78460819|Barry Vincent Mendelow]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460819|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460819/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q53808040|Michael T Davies-Coleman]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-894X 0000-0001-5344-894X] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85647578 85647578] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78317156|Mzamo P Mangaliso]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78317156|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78317156/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79614716|Christian Rogerson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11630517|tourism scholar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1306-8867 0000-0003-1306-8867] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=froNhxcAAAAJ froNhxcAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27171337 27171337] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79614716|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79614716/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q15459092|Charles K. Brain]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/30825610 30825610] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57412559|Harold Annegarn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-4679 0000-0001-6653-4679] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57412559|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57412559/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q26704364|Saurabh Sinha]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4634-3925 0000-0003-4634-3925] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=kxJhswgAAAAJ kxJhswgAAAAJ] | | 2019 | [[Fáìlì:Prof Saurabh Sinha.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26704364|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26704364/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79615179|Andreas Roodt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7349-6436 0000-0002-7349-6436] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615179|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615179/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79327087|Francis Petersen]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4464-2315 0000-0003-4464-2315] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79327087|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79327087/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55539279|Jacobus N. Eloff]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-9842 0000-0003-1494-9842] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/63822206 63822206] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55539279|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55539279/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61162044|Tahir S Pillay]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9982-9710 0000-0002-9982-9710] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61162044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61162044/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79615924|Neil Roos]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8457-2150 0000-0001-8457-2150] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jg18U6UAAAAJ jg18U6UAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615924|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615924/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76300027|Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu]]'' | | | | | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300027|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300027/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90572902|Julian D May]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-8053 0000-0003-2334-8053] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aS-ifvEAAAAJ aS-ifvEAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/34020082 34020082] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q90572902|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q90572902/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76300183|Walter T Claassen]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300183|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300183/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42420373|Guy F. Midgley]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-0869 0000-0001-8264-0869] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/53146094231500331476 53146094231500331476] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79616313|Cornelia Roux]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79616313|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79616313/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78607257|Letlhokwa Mpedi]]'' | | | | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607257|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607257/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78607481|Renosi Mokate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2027459 2027459] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607481|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607481/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76301029|Peter Eiddon Cleaton-Jones]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/273754832 273754832] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76301029|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76301029/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78463759|Rajend Mesthrie]]'' | ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-6076 0000-0001-6338-6076] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nO9azssAAAAJ nO9azssAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/79341 79341] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78463759|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78463759/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43142591|Eno E. Ebenso]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0411-9258 0000-0002-0411-9258] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bljjT44AAAAJ bljjT44AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/517162664578255002986 517162664578255002986] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43142591|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43142591/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18201824|Bernie Fanaroff]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18201824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18201824/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60732379|Ivan Turok]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-2492 0000-0001-5520-2492] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bPUWRDsAAAAJ bPUWRDsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/239721967 239721967]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27376645 27376645] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60732379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60732379/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q69526864|Lise Korsten]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3746192|phytopathologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-7659 0000-0003-0232-7659] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N5Xy6m4AAAAJ N5Xy6m4AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6903149296167980670000 6903149296167980670000] | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69526864|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69526864/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q37377512|Taryn Young]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-081X 0000-0003-2406-081X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0cVz1SgAAAAJ 0cVz1SgAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37377512|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37377512/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78610632|Ebrahim Momoniat]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q102110912|Peter Dankelmann]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4376-7546 0000-0003-4376-7546] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jmeHpKUAAAAJ jmeHpKUAAAAJ] | | 2007 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q102110912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q102110912/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58283307|Dorrit Posel]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3343-875X 0000-0002-3343-875X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=KmbPFYQAAAAJ KmbPFYQAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/284141636 284141636] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58283307|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58283307/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79620488|Justus Christiaan Roux]]'' | ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6913-3686 0000-0001-6913-3686] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Jn8soLsAAAAJ Jn8soLsAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79620488|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79620488/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19646258|Lenore Manderson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-1790 0000-0002-7883-1790] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DZ3P2ZMAAAAJ DZ3P2ZMAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51717767 51717767] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19646258|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19646258/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78467666|Joseph Philip Michael]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467666|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467666/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80053570|Fiona Tregenna]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Qu0QFrYAAAAJ Qu0QFrYAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053570|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053570/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q45452887|Clive M. Gray]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12119633|immunologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-901X 0000-0002-9293-901X] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45452887|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45452887/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78467894|John Robert Midgley]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467894|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467894/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80053967|Peter Doughtrey Tyson]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1769780|Wiseman Nkuhlu]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21865680 21865680] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1769780|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1769780/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20656400|Hoosen Coovadia]]'' | [[oníṣègùn]]<br/>''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70827557|Simon Henry Connell]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6000-7245 0000-0001-6000-7245] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pVS2ZiMAAAAJ pVS2ZiMAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79622145|Heinz Rüther]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79622145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79622145/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42571276|Gita Ramjee]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-6778 0000-0003-1524-6778] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571276|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571276/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23540990|Carolyn Hamilton]]'' | ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-4603 0000-0003-1291-4603] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PYTy1KEAAAAJ PYTy1KEAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/5146242 5146242] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23540990|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23540990/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42571456|Heidi L. Hudson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-2215 0000-0002-3274-2215] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2917149068487565730007 2917149068487565730007] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571456|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571456/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42571461|Heidi van Rooyen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-6098 0000-0002-6502-6098] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=6RpKYP0AAAAJ 6RpKYP0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/309894208 309894208] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571461|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571461/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42571640|Jane Carruthers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-4599 0000-0001-8210-4599] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4128165628894642480006 4128165628894642480006]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48310877 48310877] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42571644|Jeanet Conradie]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8120-6830 0000-0002-8120-6830] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hDqy53AAAAAJ hDqy53AAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571644|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571644/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42571652|Jenny Hoobler]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7725-6889 0000-0001-7725-6889] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ntCB6dEAAAAJ ntCB6dEAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571652|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571652/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80055925|Annél van Aswegen]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80055925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80055925/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2637050|Mamphela Ramphele]]'' | [[olóṣèlú]]<br/>''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51848589 51848589] | | [[Fáìlì:Mamphela Ramphele, 2013 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2637050|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2637050/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80056419|Hennie van Coller]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056419|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056419/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42572405|Marion Bamford]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-130X 0000-0003-0667-130X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WT8NxO0AAAAJ WT8NxO0AAAAJ] | | | [[Fáìlì:Prof. Marion Bamford.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42572409|Maryke Labuschagne]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2678 0000-0003-0593-2678] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572409|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572409/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80056637|Jan Horn van Heerden]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056637|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056637/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42572458|Nicola Illing]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572458|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572458/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76596628|Rosalie Finlayson]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596628|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596628/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76596720|Peter Folb]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2114605|pharmacologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596720|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596720/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76164426|Jennifer Case]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76164426|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76164426/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42572827|Priscilla Baker]]'' | ''[[:d:Q43668003|analytical chemist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-2670 0000-0002-8878-2670] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572827|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572827/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42572832|Priscilla Reddy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-9060 0000-0002-0432-9060] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572832|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572832/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42572977|Sarah Nuttall]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2248623|scholar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1607826|editor]]''<br/>[[olùkọ̀wé]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17167049|literary scholar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19829999|cultural studies scholar]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51871249 51871249] | 2017 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572977|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572977/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42572989|Sharon Fonn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q189603|public health]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6115-8707 0000-0001-6115-8707] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/53842901 53842901] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572989/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42573017|Sharon Prince]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-5255 0000-0002-6975-5255] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vX0OqFcAAAAJ vX0OqFcAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573017|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573017/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42573059|Soraya Seedat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-786X 0000-0002-5118-786X] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573059|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573059/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61993822|David Glasser]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-722X 0000-0001-9510-722X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G8kEvt8AAAAJ G8kEvt8AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/121088199 121088199] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61993821|Diane Hildebrandt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-8855 0000-0001-7873-8855] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2SQ-120AAAAJ 2SQ-120AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/34119349 34119349] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76410934|Van Zyl de Villiers]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76410934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76410934/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78573579|Charles Ngwena]]'' | | | | | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78573579|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78573579/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q48731884|Cherryl Walker]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-6653 0000-0003-2523-6653] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9-exP7QAAAAJ 9-exP7QAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/100272850 100272850] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48731884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48731884/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78575075|Penelope Moore]]'' | | | | | 2017 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575075|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575075/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71655038|Thomas Eugene Cloete]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71655038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71655038/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57093942|Markus Boettcher]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-5692 0000-0002-8434-5692] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/77042729 77042729] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57093942|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57093942/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55364145|Charlie M. Shackleton]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q16529590|environmental scientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8489-6136 0000-0002-8489-6136] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rpaBdSkAAAAJ rpaBdSkAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/173716516 173716516] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55364145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55364145/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78575532|Vishnu Padayachee]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>[[olùkọ̀wé]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-3670 0000-0002-8725-3670] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=itj6ex4AAAAJ itj6ex4AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/35903953 35903953] | 2017 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575532|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575532/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78431390|Delia Marshall]]'' | ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3146574859938150080 3146574859938150080] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78431390|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78431390/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78575739|Bhekizizwe Peterson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q28389|screenwriter]]'' | | | | 2017 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575739|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575739/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78575915|Imraan Valodia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5607-6595 0000-0002-5607-6595] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0X5dgFYAAAAJ 0X5dgFYAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46474023 46474023] | 2017 | [[Fáìlì:Imraan Valodia UKZN - Informality and Urbanization (10070549606).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575915|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575915/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30423489|Robert J. Wilkinson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q432386|preacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-1800 0000-0002-2753-1800] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SqwGUN0AAAAJ SqwGUN0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1106802 1106802] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30423489|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30423489/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21341400|Maureen Coetzee]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q107292086|medical entomologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-866X 0000-0003-2019-866X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jbWH4QUAAAAJ jbWH4QUAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55510058|Keymanthri Moodley]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-4901 0000-0003-3404-4901] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZzF97IsAAAAJ ZzF97IsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/165745949 165745949] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55510058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55510058/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61132838|Wim de Villiers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61132838|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61132838/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56807736|Colleen T. Downs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-1510 0000-0001-8334-1510] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56807736|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56807736/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76126642|Duncan Brown]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76126642|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76126642/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76127082|Martin Bucher]]'' | | | | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76127082|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76127082/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q49168166|Terence J. Robinson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-4891 0000-0002-4298-4891] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LLaJvSEAAAAJ LLaJvSEAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64882689|Voster Muchenje]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7817-763X 0000-0001-7817-763X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uNm2MyUAAAAJ uNm2MyUAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64882689|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64882689/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78434764|David Mason]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | 2015 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79443968|Sekhar Ray]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79443968|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79443968/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q67189799|Anthony Jide Afolayan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9111-6695 0000-0002-9111-6695] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5V_WJskAAAAJ 5V_WJskAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q67189799|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q67189799/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78435102|Judith Masters]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78435102|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78435102/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60991028|George Ekama]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PWje2ogAAAAJ PWje2ogAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/311249909 311249909] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71371411|Bernard Lategan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71371411|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71371411/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76850626|Mellony Graven]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8021-3959 0000-0002-8021-3959] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=TS__mHkAAAAJ TS__mHkAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850626|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850626/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76850682|Diane Grayson]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5363-9372 0000-0002-5363-9372] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850682|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850682/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76850749|Gideon Petrus Greyvenstein]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850749|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850749/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76418250|David Dewar]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418250|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418250/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76850794|Nicolaas Johannes Grové]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850794|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850794/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76850844|Bao-Zhu Guo]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9078-0001 0000-0001-9078-0001] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2ME1DSkAAAAJ 2ME1DSkAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/164215793 164215793] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850844|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850844/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28698134|George M. Branch]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5137366|cnidariologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3597-5150 0000-0003-3597-5150] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28698134|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28698134/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76418424|Maarten de Wit]]'' | ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q13416354|mineralogist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11424604|earth scientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9494-3207 0000-0002-9494-3207] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/93284350 93284350] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418424/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61857345|Marco A.G. Andreoli]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-2208 0000-0002-6688-2208] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61857345|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61857345/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76274578|Nithaya Chetty]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-0528 0000-0002-9934-0528] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3rl0mMwAAAAJ 3rl0mMwAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76274578|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76274578/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78149098|Salome Kruger]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78149098|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78149098/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76419491|Jan-Hendrik S. Hofmeyr]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77717266|Michael Charles Kew]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77717994|Ayesha Kharsany]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-0194 0000-0001-7457-0194] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Q7JcV_sAAAAJ Q7JcV_sAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717994|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717994/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75988391|Ann Bernstein]]'' | ''[[:d:Q137549240|development economist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75988391|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75988391/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80169885|Marié Philliphina Wissing]]'' | ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80169885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80169885/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75989011|Krish Bharuth-Ram]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75989011|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75989011/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q11256815|David Mark Richardson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9574-8297 0000-0001-9574-8297] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Rdfu4uoAAAAJ Rdfu4uoAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85249968 85249968] | 2009 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79305934|Nicky Gopalan Padayachee]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79305934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79305934/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75990323|Ramesh Bharuthram]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75990323|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75990323/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77720360|Rifka Kfir]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720360|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720360/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79306387|Norman Pammenter]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79739137|Vikash Sewram]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79739137|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79739137/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77720857|Chaudry Khalique]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720857|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720857/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43697544|Anthony I. Okoh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-085X 0000-0002-9770-085X] | | | 2017 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544531|Roseanne Diab]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-8320 0000-0002-3564-8320] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RAEK2eEAAAAJ RAEK2eEAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/55645762 55645762] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544531|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544531/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544590|Daniela Cristina Stefan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q16062369|oncologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-1209 0000-0001-5740-1209] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544598|Deborah Posel]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sznyWqoAAAAJ sznyWqoAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/93681997 93681997] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544598|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544598/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544603|Dhayendre Moodley]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-9631 0000-0003-1849-9631] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=C3rHZvsAAAAJ C3rHZvsAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544603|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544603/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79307973|Hugh Patterton]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2904006|bioinformatician]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79307973|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79307973/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544654|Irma Eloff]]'' | ''[[:d:Q723682|dean]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8306-3979 0000-0001-8306-3979] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Owgdy3QAAAAJ Owgdy3QAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/56298317 56298317] | | [[Fáìlì:Irma Eloff, Pretoria.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544654|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544654/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544660|Jeanetta du Plessis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-9409 0000-0003-0474-9409] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=kCdAQHgAAAAJ kCdAQHgAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544660/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544677|Liesel Ebersöhn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-4973 0000-0002-2616-4973] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xeQhZZ0AAAAJ xeQhZZ0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/286769038 286769038] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544677|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544677/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544684|Lucinda Backwell]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-3353 0000-0001-5816-3353] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Y17Xc5gAAAAJ Y17Xc5gAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/24351965 24351965] | | [[Fáìlì:Lucinda Backwell (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544684|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544684/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544789|Rachel Chikwamba]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2827-0734 0000-0003-2827-0734] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544789|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544789/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544799|Zodwa Dlamini]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-3646 0000-0002-8012-3646] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nrCvvAQAAAAJ nrCvvAQAAAAJ] | | | [[Fáìlì:4 Zodwa Sobukwe with Dinilesizwe.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544799/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544878|Minrie Greeff]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-8463 0000-0003-0921-8463] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544878|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544878/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544965|Angela Mathee]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544965/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42544994|Anna Kramvis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-3765 0000-0001-6006-3765] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544994|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544994/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76857461|Ariff Ahmed Hafejee]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857461|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857461/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42545058|Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9387-0432 0000-0001-9387-0432] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NnJPZuQAAAAJ NnJPZuQAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/169009503 169009503] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42545058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42545058/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76857552|Fritz JW Hahne]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857552/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q37643854|Gregory L. Blatch]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-8577 0000-0003-0778-8577] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272043681 272043681] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78155721|Loren Landau]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4748 0000-0002-0198-4748] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Hw4YkqoAAAAJ Hw4YkqoAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78155721|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78155721/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2611579|Alan Whiteside]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-968X 0000-0003-1157-968X] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/17511182 17511182] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2611579|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2611579/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75994202|William Bishai]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8734-4118 0000-0002-8734-4118] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48099989 48099989] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75994202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75994202/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79742931|John Francis Sharpey-Schafer]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79742931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79742931/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78158001|Virna Leaner]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78158001|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78158001/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55523379|Robert Morrell]]'' | ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-486X 0000-0002-6096-486X] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3152154075987911860009 3152154075987911860009] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55523379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55523379/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q450598|Lee Berger]]'' | ''[[:d:Q21272406|paleoanthropologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q205375|inventor]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>[[Australopithecus africanus]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7629 0000-0002-0367-7629] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PpW_J88AAAAJ PpW_J88AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6169562 6169562] | | [[Fáìlì:Lee Berger image 2006.JPG|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76428197|Leon Milner Theodore Dicks]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428197|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428197/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76428240|Thulani H Dlamini]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428240|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428240/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78446682|Robert Mattes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-9385 0000-0003-0567-9385] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/19992713 19992713] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78446682|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78446682/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76716731|Thomas Ford]]'' | ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-794X 0000-0002-8896-794X] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76716997|Richard Francis Fuggle]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716997|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716997/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79744635|W. R. Siegfried]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79744635|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79744635/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76717085|Christoph Friedrich Garbers]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76717085|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76717085/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58119538|Kobus Maree]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5341297|educational psychologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9492-8445 0000-0002-9492-8445] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JRlauxMAAAAJ JRlauxMAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4592006 4592006] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58119538|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58119538/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79745070|Silvester Ron Simango]]'' | ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-7146 0000-0001-5694-7146] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745070|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745070/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79745330|Ruth Simbao]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1792450|art historian]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-7491 0000-0002-9640-7491] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aT42_WMAAAAJ aT42_WMAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/73694792 73694792] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745330|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745330/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q31736746|Herman Wasserman]]'' | ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-1989 0000-0002-2553-1989] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tVMVK2MAAAAJ tVMVK2MAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/32307710 32307710] | 2012 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q31736746|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q31736746/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78159581|Lesley Le Grange]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7096-3609 0000-0002-7096-3609] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4zXjLu4AAAAJ 4zXjLu4AAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159581|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159581/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78159586|Alison Lewis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yaaQvscAAAAJ yaaQvscAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/41609069 41609069] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159586/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78159593|Attie Johannes Ligthelm]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27349|dentist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159593|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159593/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78159599|Elsabé Loots]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4518-1688 0000-0003-4518-1688] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159599|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159599/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76141294|James Bull]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141294|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141294/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76141448|Renier Adriaan Burger]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141448|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141448/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79601606|Linda Marlene Richter]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79601606|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79601606/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76141655|Stephanie Gail Burton]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141655|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141655/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76141946|Faizal Bux]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141946|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141946/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79746428|Ratnamala Singh]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79746428|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79746428/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70376235|Carolyn Williamson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3pcRNQYAAAAJ 3pcRNQYAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70376235|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70376235/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80087693|Christopher Vaughan]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087693|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087693/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80087808|Daniel Verwoerd]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087808|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087808/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80087885|Zeblon Zenzele Vilakaz]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087885/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80088005|Karel Viljoen]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088005|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088005/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80088190|Frans Viljoen]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088190|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088190/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29052586|Brenda Wingfield]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6189-1519 0000-0002-6189-1519] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9tCXKQ0AAAAJ 9tCXKQ0AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79944675|Bohua Sun]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79944675|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79944675/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41596279|Johan van Zyl]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2462658|manager]]'' | | | | | [[Fáìlì:Johan Van Zyl 1 (Toyota Motors Europe) at Toyota Press Conference IAA 2017 by Nicolas Völcker.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41596279|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41596279/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79945707|Hendrik Swart]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945707/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q45345034|Malose Jack Mphahlele]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6018-5671 0000-0002-6018-5671] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45345034|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45345034/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79945878|Christiaan F Swanepoel]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945878|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945878/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79657655|Barry David Schoub]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79657655|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79657655/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79946125|Frans Swanepoel]]'' | ''[[:d:Q107369298|sustainability scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15978655|consultant]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9388-7274 0000-0002-9388-7274] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NB7GntMAAAAJ NB7GntMAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946125|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946125/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79946477|Gerald Edwin Swan]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946477|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946477/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79946604|Edward Sturrock]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80090874|Louise Viljoen]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80090874|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80090874/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80091205|Sibusiso Vil-Nkomo]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091205|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091205/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80091417|Daniel Visser]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091417/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79947307|Rolf Heinrich Stumpf]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79947307|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79947307/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80091519|Renuka Vithal]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091519/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57889447|Shane A Norris]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-3788 0000-0001-7124-3788] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889447|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889447/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70720643|Mike Wingfield]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2487799|mycologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9346-2009 0000-0001-9346-2009] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wT4V7isAAAAJ wT4V7isAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/14989035 14989035]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22155914471039401883 22155914471039401883] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80091772|Wilma Viviers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-7862 0000-0001-7471-7862] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WeN2tPYAAAAJ WeN2tPYAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091772|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091772/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1086728|Christopher Henshilwood]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17488316|prehistorian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-293X 0000-0002-2818-293X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vYE3hmAAAAAJ vYE3hmAAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/14306558 14306558] | | [[Fáìlì:Csh Blombos 2017 v2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1086728|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1086728/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57889897|Andre P Kengne]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5183-131X 0000-0002-5183-131X] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/310750363 310750363] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889897|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889897/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56015824|Alfred Botha]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0988-647X 0000-0003-0988-647X] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56015824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56015824/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70721384|Jacek Banasiak]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3381-0774 0000-0003-3381-0774] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NNmEQjQAAAAJ NNmEQjQAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51985030 51985030] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70721384|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70721384/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1952473|Thumbi Ndung'u]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-3992 0000-0003-2962-3992] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bVCgcb8AAAAJ bVCgcb8AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306421897 306421897] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1952473|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1952473/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57890766|Johann Kirsten]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0770-9648 0000-0003-0770-9648] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=onTpBZcAAAAJ onTpBZcAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/67650643 67650643] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57890766|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57890766/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79660900|Roland Schulze]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3644587|hydrologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42177417|Anna Coutsoudis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42177417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42177417/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77643715|Neil Jarvis]]'' | | | | | | [[Fáìlì:Neil Victor Jarvis (05610234) (51419910229).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643715/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77643802|Mohamed S Jeenah]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643802|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643802/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42178276|Renée Kraan-Korteweg]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-6250 0000-0002-0202-6250] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272584657 272584657] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77644158|Branislav Jeremic]]'' | | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3554314 3554314] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644158|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644158/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79950929|Christopher Stroud]]'' | | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/36109902 36109902] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79950929|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79950929/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43188044|Willem Heber van Zyl]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-353X 0000-0001-8195-353X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wbYsUOUAAAAJ wbYsUOUAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60055963|João P. Rodrigues]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-3845 0000-0002-1980-3845] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77644777|Eugene Llewellyn Julies]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644777|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644777/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42323167|Caroline Tiemessen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-1690 0000-0002-0991-1690] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42323167|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42323167/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q91052641|John Parkington]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-6826 0000-0001-6127-6826] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tk-A4MsAAAAJ tk-A4MsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/36952076 36952076] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77644853|Ashraf Kagee]]'' | ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-2566 0000-0003-1241-2566] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fxS68wwAAAAJ fxS68wwAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644853|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644853/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79951611|Anton Ströh]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951611|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951611/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79951700|Pieter Helenius Stoker]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951700|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951700/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79951875|Nthoana Tau-Mzamane]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951875|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951875/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77645289|Michael Kahn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-0682 0000-0002-8673-0682] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=eW1eYqsAAAAJ eW1eYqsAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77645289|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77645289/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60633415|Leickness Chisamu Simbayi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-4092 0000-0001-6136-4092] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8JN3wDIAAAAJ 8JN3wDIAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/10088158 10088158] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60633415|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60633415/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78222841|Tinyiko Maluleke]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4663-6093 0000-0002-4663-6093] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PcJtw6QAAAAJ PcJtw6QAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78222841|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78222841/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80097315|Sebastiaan von Solms]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097315|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097315/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80097547|Hester Vorster]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2576499|nutritionist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/163644131 163644131] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097547|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097547/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80097761|Yusef Waghid]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-824X 0000-0003-2565-824X] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/45355860 45355860] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097761/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76493965|Fred Ellery]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2560911|physical geographer]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SLRs89YAAAAJ SLRs89YAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76493965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76493965/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79233222|Frederick Mark Orkin]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79233222|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79233222/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56598884|Anastassios Pouris]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5367-2498 0000-0002-5367-2498] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=O0cg2GwAAAAJ O0cg2GwAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/73623450 73623450] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56598884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56598884/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77791882|Duard Godfried Kleyn]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77791882|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77791882/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42181924|Viness Pillay]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8119-3347 0000-0002-8119-3347] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RSfUGncAAAAJ RSfUGncAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42181924|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42181924/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76926947|Ronald Harley]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/192970031 192970031] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77647971|Steven Karataglidis]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77647971|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77647971/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76927153|Susan Thérèse Largier Harrison]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76927153|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76927153/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77792183|Hester Klopper]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9808-7586 0000-0001-9808-7586] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=d0wQfFsAAAAJ d0wQfFsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/61195592 61195592] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77792183|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77792183/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76350522|John Darrell Comins]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76350522|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76350522/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42182322|Jill Adler]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-5732 0000-0002-4367-5732] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sZL50Y8AAAAJ sZL50Y8AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/65809739 65809739] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42182322|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42182322/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79089855|Mokubung Nkomo]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79089855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79089855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q59050386|Marissa Rollnick]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-8683 0000-0002-9543-8683] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/60684003 60684003] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59050386|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59050386/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q51697828|Kathryn H. Myburgh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-2120 0000-0003-4501-2120] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DXNUiEEAAAAJ DXNUiEEAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/205963403 205963403] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1382575|Mark Solms]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3410028|psychoanalyst]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q6337803|neuroscientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4828-3882 0000-0003-4828-3882] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vD4p8rQAAAAJ vD4p8rQAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22297525 22297525] | | [[Fáìlì:Mark Solms 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1382575|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1382575/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q517589|Richard Goldstone]]'' | [[Adájọ́]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>[[amòfin]]<br/>''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/117719743 117719743] | | [[Fáìlì:Richard Goldstone.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q517589|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q517589/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57897506|Jeremy Seekings]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-412X 0000-0002-8029-412X] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/39593744 39593744] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57897506|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57897506/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80099721|Melanie Walker]]'' | ''[[:d:Q88011130|educational researcher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7859-6380 0000-0002-7859-6380] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VqfZMP4AAAAJ VqfZMP4AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/29868729 29868729] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099721|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099721/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76351351|Neville Raymond Comins]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351351|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351351/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76351372|Ernst Conradie]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0020-6952 0000-0002-0020-6952] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=38lWb7QAAAAJ 38lWb7QAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232801939 232801939] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351372|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351372/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80099861|Qing-Guo Wang]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-3716 0000-0002-3672-3716] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=joK9NAoAAAAJ joK9NAoAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/116302464 116302464] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099861|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099861/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77793537|Horst Helmut Klump]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77793851|Klaus Koch]]'' | ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-4406 0000-0003-3845-4406] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76352178|Jacobus Conradie]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76352178|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76352178/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76785769|Nicolaas Claudius Gey van Pittius]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76785769|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76785769/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18685421|Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-5080 0000-0002-9786-5080] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jYYbmqEAAAAJ jYYbmqEAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27342603 27342603] | | [[Fáìlì:Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan, West Coast Fossil Park tour.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78660593|Vinasan Naidoo]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78660593|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78660593/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77795657|Carolina Koornhof]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-036X 0000-0002-8169-036X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JbJV-JcAAAAJ JbJV-JcAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77795657|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77795657/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77796013|Girish J Kotwal]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-3539 0000-0002-9925-3539] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4UVt0yUAAAAJ 4UVt0yUAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77796013|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77796013/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76786831|Rob Gous]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76786831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76786831/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76787034|Amanda Gouws]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-3944 0000-0003-1260-3944] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=dxK0dqsAAAAJ dxK0dqsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2096165628883842480006 2096165628883842480006]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/44531414 44531414] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76787034|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76787034/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76931424|Driekie Hay-Swemmer]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931424/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78661696|Jean B Nachenga]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78661696|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78661696/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61793884|John R. N. Taylor]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-2093 0000-0002-9714-2093] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/64230064 64230064] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61793884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61793884/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76931737|Manfred Armin Hellberg]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47809492|Crick Lund]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5159-8220 0000-0002-5159-8220] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nf0cwG0AAAAJ nf0cwG0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/282940674 282940674] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47809492|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47809492/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q51846346|Renfrew Christie]]'' | ''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20826540|scholar]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/62928676 62928676] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76931931|Fred Thomas Hendricks]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931931/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78662033|Gonasageran Naidoo]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78662033|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78662033/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1675344|Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-9467 0000-0001-7008-9467] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1150577 1150577] | | [[Fáìlì:Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1675344|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1675344/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80104074|Paula Watt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q104154725|plant biotechnologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-1806 0000-0002-6253-1806] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=e4Lx7rIAAAAJ e4Lx7rIAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104074|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104074/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80104194|Stefan Weiss]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104194|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104194/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1387629|George F. R. Ellis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''<br/>[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-0629 0000-0001-8484-0629] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=K2h8IqwAAAAJ K2h8IqwAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109637661 109637661] | | [[Fáìlì:George Ellis 0040.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79095290|Stella M. Nkomo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q108929301|scholar in residence]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095290|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095290/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79383720|Samuel George Harker Philande]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383720|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383720/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79095442|Dion Nkomo]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095442|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095442/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76788759|Kesh Govinder]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76788759|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76788759/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79383865|Ian Phimister]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383865|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383865/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78663066|Luigi Renzo Nassimbeni]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78663066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78663066/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42573056|Sheona Shackleton]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-9070 0000-0002-6133-9070] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yYKI71sAAAAJ yYKI71sAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/170915649 170915649] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573056|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573056/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42573200|Tamara Shefer]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1201-8043 0000-0002-1201-8043] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=r4CTJqAAAAAJ r4CTJqAAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/78535658 78535658] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573200/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42573246|Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573246|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573246/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42573244|Theresa Coetzer]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-3808 0000-0003-0706-3808] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f8CmCSsAAAAJ f8CmCSsAAAAJ] | | 2015 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573244|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573244/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42573294|Olive Shisana]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-9145 0000-0001-7566-9145] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aVpgLdQAAAAJ aVpgLdQAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/64244770 64244770] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573294|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573294/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q37383962|Winston Hide]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8621-3271 0000-0002-8621-3271] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37383962|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37383962/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q36519401|Bernard Slippers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1491-3858 0000-0003-1491-3858] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=047C24MAAAAJ 047C24MAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232260155 232260155] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36519401|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36519401/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47765603|Maano Ramutsindela]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-5892 0000-0003-0918-5892] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/107045455 107045455] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47765603|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47765603/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79771790|Robert Slotow]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79771790|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79771790/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76167707|Philip Allan Charles]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-7278 0000-0002-4672-7278] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76167707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76167707/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76168295|Michael Cherry]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76168295|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76168295/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5092799|Cheryl de la Rey]]'' | ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | | | | | [[Fáìlì:Cheryl de la Rey.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39693728|Charles Parry]]'' | ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9787-2785 0000-0001-9787-2785] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QFNlScYAAAAJ QFNlScYAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39693728|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39693728/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54254936|Kelly Chibale]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-646X 0000-0002-4541-646X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BAk6GbcAAAAJ BAk6GbcAAAAJ] | | | [[Fáìlì:2025UniLeiden450-4.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56850219|Suprakas Sinha Ray]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0007-2595 0000-0002-0007-2595] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NlGhT4oAAAAJ NlGhT4oAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/249814531 249814531] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850219|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850219/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56850306|Andrew Forbes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-5586 0000-0003-2552-5586] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=t6ab-m0AAAAJ t6ab-m0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/172612019 172612019] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850306|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850306/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71267784|Deresh Ramjugernath]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3447-7846 0000-0003-3447-7846] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=1AIPLBYAAAAJ 1AIPLBYAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109148449566415690155 109148449566415690155] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71267784|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71267784/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76602323|Charles Fombad]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76602323|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76602323/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42145855|Jane Catherine Ngila]]'' | ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-4567 0000-0002-0121-4567] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NNc4NEYAAAAJ NNc4NEYAAAAJ] | | | [[Fáìlì:Jane Catherine Ngila World Intellectual Property Day 2023 "Women in Science – Shaping the Future" Roundtable (52853221649).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42145855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42145855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57283872|Rachel Wynberg]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2984-9759 0000-0002-2984-9759] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2srilzIAAAAJ 2srilzIAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/221289195 221289195] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57283872|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57283872/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42146216|Miriam Adhikari]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>[[oníṣègùn]]<br/>''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42146216|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42146216/missing|📖]] |- | [[Khotso Mokhele]] | ''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72855367|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72855367/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78910667|Jan Neels]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78910667|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78910667/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q48923762|Rashid Hassan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5287-9617 0000-0001-5287-9617] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=B9BihLsAAAAJ B9BihLsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/74908770 74908770] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48923762|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48923762/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78479038|Philemon Mphathi Mjwara]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-2089 0000-0002-3651-2089] | | | | [[Fáìlì:9th BRICS STI Senior Officials Meeting (48756384933).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78479038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78479038/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7403839|Saleem Badat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272819134 272819134] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7403839|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7403839/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42293328|Patricia Ann Whitelock]]'' | ''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-4432 0000-0002-4678-4432] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/24755014 24755014] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60170766|Robert de Mello Koch]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8129-6242 0000-0001-8129-6242] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N6pVIQoAAAAJ N6pVIQoAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60170766|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60170766/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q340234|Achille Mbembe]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1371925|announcer]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/112932779 112932779] | | [[Fáìlì:Achille Mbembe 2.JPG|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q340234|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q340234/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7837812|Trefor Jenkins]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46916068 46916068] | | [[Fáìlì:Trefor Jenkins00.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56999820|Olubukola O Babalola]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15253558|activist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17989045|vice president]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-1909 0000-0003-4344-1909] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rmHHG2UAAAAJ rmHHG2UAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76462978|Kathy Driver]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-9661 0000-0001-9349-9661] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lnfKLxEAAAAJ lnfKLxEAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/281923889 281923889] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76462978|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76462978/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76463215|Themba Dube]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-2192 0000-0002-2702-2192] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=J2W53J8AAAAJ J2W53J8AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463215|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463215/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76463296|Norman Duncan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-4457 0000-0002-9395-4457] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463296|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463296/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76463715|Lourens Marthinus du Plessis]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463715/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q68246057|Kieka Mynhardt]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-676X 0000-0001-6981-676X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=J81e5Q8AAAAJ J81e5Q8AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/317148208 317148208] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68246057|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68246057/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76463789|Willemien du Plessis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q16012028|legal scholar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-5063 0000-0002-0907-5063] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GhA8G1sAAAAJ GhA8G1sAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/68191705 68191705] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463789|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463789/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71850422|James Darkwa]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71850422|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71850422/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76464637|Anton Eberhard]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76464637|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76464637/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71274564|Fazal Mahmood Mahomed]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19661724|Lyn Wadley]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0053-0813 0000-0003-0053-0813] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bK8F68UAAAAJ bK8F68UAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/59117828 59117828] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78916493|Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1371378|ethnologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5477-607X 0000-0002-5477-607X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=K_TTLasAAAAJ K_TTLasAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22108228 22108228] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78916493|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78916493/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57002842|Andre Strydom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2117-5921 0000-0002-2117-5921] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57002842|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57002842/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70122331|Paramu Mafongoya]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1781198|agronomist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2918-7767 0000-0002-2918-7767] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Jam6-qsAAAAJ Jam6-qsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/13524668 13524668] | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70122331|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70122331/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39271355|Brian Harvey]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-7894 0000-0002-9864-7894] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271355|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271355/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39271374|Rajkumar Ramesar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-1634 0000-0001-5688-1634] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271374|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271374/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78629970|Vincent Clifford Moran]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58158094|Garth Stevens]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1113899|clinical psychologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462390|docent]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-0471 0000-0002-4285-0471] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=grAIOY0AAAAJ grAIOY0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/32321807 32321807] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58158094|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58158094/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57869901|Gary Stevens]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1593-9419 0000-0003-1593-9419] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57869901|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57869901/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78630482|Alan G Morris]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630482|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630482/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78630729|Johann Mouton]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hs9R5SIAAAAJ hs9R5SIAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630729|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630729/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78630987|Jeffrey Mphahlele]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630987/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43165660|Edward Rybicki]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-9911 0000-0001-8024-9911] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VHZLh3EAAAAJ VHZLh3EAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8027168049010038410006 8027168049010038410006] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78198987|Christopher Cuthber Posela Madiba]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78198987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78198987/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78199182|Nomathemba Virginia Magi]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78199182|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78199182/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78200124|Duma Enoch Malaza]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200124|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200124/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78200511|Johannes Albertus Geldenhuys Malherbe]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1327130|electronics technician]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200511|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200511/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61046047|Pragasen Pillay]]'' | ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4pcRZs0AAAAJ 4pcRZs0AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046047/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41583107|Mohamed Seedat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9018-3370 0000-0001-9018-3370] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41583107|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41583107/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61046054|Wieland Gevers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-2625 0000-0003-1138-2625] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046054|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046054/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61046057|Sibusiso Sibisi]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046057|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046057/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61046066|B. Daya Reddy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''<br/>[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-4821 0000-0002-8250-4821] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CWYli-kAAAAJ CWYli-kAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/108617120 108617120] | | [[Fáìlì:Daya Reddy 2018.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43024855|Don Cowan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-861X 0000-0001-8059-861X] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/5256169639277196580003 5256169639277196580003] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43024855|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43024855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4819906|Chris Brink]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/62228603 62228603] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47205984|Antoinette Lombard]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7019111|social worker]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q8142883|criminologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-2435 0000-0003-1380-2435] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47205984|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47205984/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6694525|Loyiso Nongxa]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-8833 0000-0002-7069-8833] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=1slz3CoAAAAJ 1slz3CoAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6694525|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6694525/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28320142|Charles Shey Wiysonge]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1273-4779 0000-0002-1273-4779] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QXIHmpMAAAAJ QXIHmpMAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28320142|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28320142/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78635852|Bangilizwe Mqeke]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78635852|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78635852/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56722047|Albert T Modi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-1721 0000-0002-6887-1721] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/313495373 313495373] | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56722047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56722047/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57010385|Charles Feldman]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6881-8314 0000-0002-6881-8314] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RMrGGTEAAAAJ RMrGGTEAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57010385|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57010385/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78636399|Abraham Muasya]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636399|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636399/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78636572|John Cantius Mubangizi]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-268X 0000-0002-1408-268X] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636572|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636572/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7849622|Tshilidzi Marwala]]'' | ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1906857|mechanical engineer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7372-5510 0000-0001-7372-5510] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BTVVLk0AAAAJ BTVVLk0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6459149068376565730001 6459149068376565730001] | | [[Fáìlì:Tshilidzi Marwala 20230801.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7849622|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7849622/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80079312|Willem Francois Petrus van Heerden]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079312|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079312/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78638269|Johan Pieter Muller]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-7089 0000-0001-5777-7089] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4LqP-O0AAAAJ 4LqP-O0AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78638269|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78638269/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80079982|Paul David van Helden]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079982|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079982/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5111630|Christof Heyns]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7650-1993 0000-0001-7650-1993] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/71553415 71553415] | | [[Fáìlì:UNSR Christof Heyns speaks at the Member States briefing on the project to develop recommendations for managing peaceful protests (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5111630|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5111630/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4679172|Adam Habib]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q222344|cinematographer]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/270259342 270259342] | | [[Fáìlì:Dr. Adam Habib, University of Natal.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4679172|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4679172/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80080147|Albert van Jaarsveld]]'' | | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_gctYysAAAAJ _gctYysAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080147|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080147/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80080649|Anton Albert van Niekerk]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080649|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080649/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q69988844|Jean M.S. Lubuma]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69988844|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69988844/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q53697704|Mike M Sathekge]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2806-0625 0000-0002-2806-0625] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3495158005997502100008 3495158005997502100008] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53697704|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53697704/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78639158|David Mycock]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78639158|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78639158/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q46200956|Bhekie B. Mamba]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-2579 0000-0003-2534-2579] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LrpKtfgAAAAJ LrpKtfgAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46200956|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46200956/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80081069|Frederik van Niekerk]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80081069|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80081069/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7563912|Sospeter Muhongo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''<br/>[[olóṣèlú]]<br/>''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306102304 306102304] | | [[Fáìlì:Sospeter Muhongo IAEA.png|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7563912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7563912/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q36687101|Teresa A. Coutinho]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3746192|phytopathologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-4343 0000-0002-3227-4343] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bsBzdrYAAAAJ bsBzdrYAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36687101|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36687101/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79649912|Roelf Feenstra Sandenbergh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27947380|metallurgical engineer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-5954 0000-0003-0594-5954] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79649912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79649912/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q59610311|Shireen Hassim]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15319501|social scientist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/10088136 10088136] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59610311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59610311/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80082536|Brian W. Van Wilgen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-7521 0000-0002-1536-7521] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5FfLX_4AAAAJ 5FfLX_4AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56150824|Carolus Johannes Reinecke]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306172207 306172207] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56150824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56150824/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79075772|Phuthi E Ngoepe]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79075772|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79075772/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79076052|Ojelanki Ngwenyama]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79076052|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79076052/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79652950|Mamadou Sango]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79652950|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79652950/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q46205941|Leslie Swartz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-5897 0000-0003-1741-5897] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tZXC_70AAAAJ tZXC_70AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/164943892 164943892] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46205941|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46205941/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62064990|Brij Maharaj]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1266-2231 0000-0003-1266-2231] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lZG7jMoAAAAJ lZG7jMoAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/38813774 38813774] | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62064990|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62064990/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79654039|Christopher Saunders]]'' | ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654039|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654039/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5262482|Derek Yach]]'' | ''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-1457 0000-0003-1424-1457] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9Yk8-oEAAAAJ 9Yk8-oEAAAAJ]<br/>[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VXtuEqAAAAAJ VXtuEqAAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/18783190 18783190] | | [[Fáìlì:Derek yach.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5262482|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5262482/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79654325|Maria Schoeman]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654325|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654325/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80087071|Jacobus Daniel van Wyk]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087071|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087071/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79383970|William Pick]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383970/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80104858|Alan Weinberg]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104858|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104858/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79384070|Jaco Pienaar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384070|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384070/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79384214|Stuart Piketh]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384214|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384214/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80105423|Mark Charles Wentzel]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80105423|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80105423/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76934542|John Anthony Higgins]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76934542|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76934542/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4706174|Alan Bernstein]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12119633|immunologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9027-1558 0009-0007-9027-1558] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/16993076 16993076] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4706174|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4706174/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22006961|Valerie Mizrahi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15839206|molecular biologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-9115 0000-0003-4824-9115] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=apDyKMgAAAAJ apDyKMgAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8150380426913370197 8150380426913370197] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76935971|Michael Johan Richard Hoch]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76935971|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76935971/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q8022831|Wilmot James]]'' | [[olóṣèlú]] | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/112347314 112347314] | | [[Fáìlì:Wilmot James, South African academic.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8022831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8022831/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79963775|Petro Terblanche]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-6794 0000-0003-2789-6794] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/75975312 75975312] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79963775|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79963775/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39885100|Aletta E. Schutte]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-4937 0000-0001-9217-4937] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f1oels0AAAAJ f1oels0AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76938511|Sarah Howie]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76938511|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76938511/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76941005|Henk Huismans]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941005|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941005/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76941326|Brian John Huntley]]'' | | | | | | [[Fáìlì:Brian John Huntley.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941326|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941326/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76941472|Gregory Dudley Hussey]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941472|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941472/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70021562|Michael Chapman]]'' | ''[[:d:Q17167049|literary scholar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-8336 0000-0002-1299-8336] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=B3nhLTsAAAAJ B3nhLTsAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/285056306 285056306] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70021562|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70021562/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61083095|Yahya E Choonara]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3889-1529 0000-0002-3889-1529] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CjSwcTAAAAAJ CjSwcTAAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61083095|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61083095/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79969535|Mark Tomlinson]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79969535|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79969535/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q38304462|Robert P. Millar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-2708 0000-0003-3606-2708] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/94387090 94387090] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q63391384|Ernesta M Meintjes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-3632 0000-0002-0781-3632] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xl9IO9oAAAAJ xl9IO9oAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391384|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391384/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q63391519|Sunil D. Maharaj]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-2849 0000-0002-1967-2849] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2695985|Francis Wilson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1227195|political economist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/110483305 110483305] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2695985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2695985/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43496916|Michael J. Samways]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-6025 0000-0003-4237-6025] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/94489949 94489949] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75935333|Ralph Adendorff]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935333|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935333/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75935715|Jimi Adesina]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6991-9934 0000-0002-6991-9934] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZJPKVjYAAAAJ ZJPKVjYAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935715/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79396179|Laurence Piper]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396179|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396179/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79396382|Chris Pistorius]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396382|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396382/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57915745|Thaddeus Metz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-2408 0000-0001-9861-2408] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=-iAbDVQAAAAJ -iAbDVQAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/293090676 293090676] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57915745|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57915745/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q69449514|Mary Scholes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q60244908|plant physiologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-9537 0000-0001-5762-9537] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qNlkIIMAAAAJ qNlkIIMAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/177145857889223021078 177145857889223021078] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79397317|Zacharias Andries Pretorius]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79397317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79397317/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71756807|Pieter Streicher Steyn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71756807|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71756807/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42778663|Robert J. Scholes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-6935 0000-0001-5537-6935] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WR7VpKUAAAAJ WR7VpKUAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/71468733 71468733] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71036026|Mohamed Iqbal Parker]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71036026|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71036026/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30668464|Marie-Louise Newell]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-7699 0000-0002-1074-7699] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ah5tHvAAAAAJ ah5tHvAAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27240622 27240622] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30668464|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30668464/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27929667|Keyan G. Tomaselli]]'' | ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q112240529|communication teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1414443|onísé eré amóhùn máwòrán]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q119439006|periodical editor]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2995-0726 0000-0002-2995-0726] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/50433739 50433739] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q27929667|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q27929667/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20721396|Anna-Lise Williamson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-1200 0000-0002-5467-1200] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76082950|Paul Andries Brink]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76082950|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76082950/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58640036|Umezuruike Linus Opara]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8056-7215 0000-0001-8056-7215] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=eNlSO_oAAAAJ eNlSO_oAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58640036|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58640036/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39754563|Tania S. Douglas]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-4179 0000-0003-2024-4179] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39754563|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39754563/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79401740|Bernard Alexander Prior]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5628-1188 0000-0001-5628-1188] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401740|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401740/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79401813|Hugh Wynford Pritchard]]'' | | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8bTVuI8AAAAJ 8bTVuI8AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401813|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401813/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q44080605|Arvin Bhana]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-0108 0000-0003-4235-0108] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ip41gNgAAAAJ Ip41gNgAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/100813167 100813167] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q44080605|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q44080605/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57920963|Montaz Ali]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0864-8146 0000-0003-0864-8146] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=h_T_9pgAAAAJ h_T_9pgAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57920963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57920963/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70607931|Nicholas Biekpe]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70607931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70607931/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79402317|Otto Walter Prozesky]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43071830|Pascal O Bessong]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-272X 0000-0003-0561-272X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4FXKRpYAAAAJ 4FXKRpYAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43071830|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43071830/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42784019|Kevin J. Naidoo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3708 0000-0002-9898-3708] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sGaDPpQAAAAJ sGaDPpQAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/65994373 65994373] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71041558|Nigel Charles Bennett]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71041558|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71041558/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58066291|Harald Winkler]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-4071 0000-0002-5826-4071] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=dSxrBsMAAAAJ dSxrBsMAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/292276827 292276827] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58066291|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58066291/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21448010|Tebello Nyokong]]'' | ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1162163|olùdarí]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-9926 0000-0002-4590-9926] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QUpAXHcAAAAJ QUpAXHcAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6031160486121605180005 6031160486121605180005] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79837146|Dirk Smit]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837146|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837146/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6742987|Malegapuru William Makgoba]]'' | [[oníṣègùn]] | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/78414868 78414868] | | [[Fáìlì:MakgobaHillLecture.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6742987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6742987/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79837241|Marius Smuts]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837241|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837241/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76955252|Nelson Ijumba]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6194-7084 0000-0002-6194-7084] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76955252|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76955252/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79839311|Hendrik Christoffel Snyman]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79839311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79839311/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42067412|Helena Kuivaniemi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-8766 0000-0001-5753-8766] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6862149108608968780000 6862149108608968780000] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42067412|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42067412/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6745901|Mamokgethi Phakeng]]'' | [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-0403 0000-0002-8911-0403] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NVTI58wAAAAJ NVTI58wAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21621571 21621571] | | [[Fáìlì:Mamokgethi Phakeng - Kgethi.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6745901|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6745901/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60377213|Louis J. Kotzé]]'' | ''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-168X 0000-0001-5820-168X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_awP9R0AAAAJ _awP9R0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/100343038 100343038] | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60377213|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60377213/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q48699455|Ruksana Osman]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-470X 0000-0002-0779-470X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=U29GvYcAAAAJ U29GvYcAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/305368366 305368366] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48699455|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48699455/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79407673|Douglas Eric Rawlings]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79407673|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79407673/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42212089|Laetitia Rispel]]'' | ''[[:d:Q189603|public health]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7806-6331 0000-0001-7806-6331] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/11877401 11877401] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212089|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212089/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42212160|Heather Zar]]'' | [[oníṣègùn]]<br/>''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-759X 0000-0002-9046-759X] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zBfcLygAAAAJ zBfcLygAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/15152023633803310918 15152023633803310918] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212160|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212160/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76959045|David Steve Jacobs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q16831394|mammalogist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76959045|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76959045/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70615870|Evance Kalula]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2299-3093 0000-0003-2299-3093] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70615870|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70615870/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24049150|Adrian Paterson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-4096 0000-0003-3427-4096] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q24049150|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q24049150/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q26211942|Catherine Odora Hoppers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5324-7371 0000-0001-5324-7371] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qWEKG-QAAAAJ qWEKG-QAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/23844553 23844553] | | [[Fáìlì:Catherine Odora-Hoppers in 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26211942|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26211942/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28086200|Geoff Garrett]]'' | | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/52270408 52270408] | | [[Fáìlì:Geoff Garrett CS6 270116-lg.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80420066|David Randle Woods]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420066/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79122775|Jo MF Noero]]'' | ''[[:d:Q42973|architect]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79122775|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79122775/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80420322|Laurence Stuart Wright]]'' | ''[[:d:Q6673651|literary scholar]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-3399 0000-0003-2988-3399] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pSphLh0AAAAJ pSphLh0AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/299549856 299549856] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420322|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420322/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80420515|Xiaohua Xia]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420515|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420515/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29961035|Rangan Gupta]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5002-3428 0000-0001-5002-3428] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/311484094 311484094] | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29961035|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29961035/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76960486|Hilary Janks]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-9623 0000-0002-9992-9623] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=TG7MIK0AAAAJ TG7MIK0AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960486/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76960646|HCJ Janse van Rensburg]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960646|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960646/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79123203|Odireleng Martin Ntwaeaborwa]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79123203|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79123203/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q80420751|Hong-Kun Xu]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420751|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420751/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5019897|Calie Pistorius]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | | | | | [[Fáìlì:Calie Pistorius.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76528517|Petra Engelbrecht]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528517|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528517/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76961155|Jonathan D. Jansen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/21339000 21339000] | | [[Fáìlì:Jonathan Jansen at Cornerstone 2017.png|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76961155|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76961155/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76528891|Patrick George Eriksson]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528891|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528891/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56489486|William Froneman]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>[[olùkọ̀wé]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-1355 0000-0003-0615-1355] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G5tEQu4AAAAJ G5tEQu4AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56489486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56489486/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79845832|Cristina Trois]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19377727|environmental engineer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2094-2241 0000-0003-2094-2241] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ny2OS24AAAAJ Ny2OS24AAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79845832|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79845832/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76529981|Theunis Erasmus]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529981/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76529997|Arthur George Every]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529997|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529997/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58220468|Francesco Petruccione]]'' | ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-0913 0000-0002-8604-0913] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=chM4fT4AAAAJ chM4fT4AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51907883 51907883] | | [[Fáìlì:Francesco Petruccione blazer.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q696676|Arnold van Zyl]]'' | ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/557157771966848930006 557157771966848930006] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q696676|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q696676/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61104159|Duncan Mitchell]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-4773 0000-0001-8989-4773] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NdpBRSMAAAAJ NdpBRSMAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79846316|Moses Basitere]]'' | | | | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79846316|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79846316/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76530761|Jill Margaret Farrant]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530761/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76530985|Aslam Fataar]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6880-9223 0000-0002-6880-9223] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QWbmGwsAAAAJ QWbmGwsAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530985/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55195820|Christopher D. McQuaid]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-8308 0000-0002-3473-8308] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uNl9g6wAAAAJ uNl9g6wAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55195820|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55195820/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75957491|Peter Alexander]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75957491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75957491/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30111631|Keertan Dheda]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q24017632|pulmonologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5341 0000-0001-7709-5341] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22153893603102290470 22153893603102290470] | 2019 | [[Fáìlì:Professor Keertan Dheda.png|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30111631|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30111631/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71776876|Muchie Mammo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q105572010|political economist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q18805|naturalist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-3113 0000-0003-4831-3113] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4877592 4877592] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71776876|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71776876/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75959277|Christopher Charles Appleton]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959277|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959277/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42656226|Lyn-Marie Birkholtz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5888-2905 0000-0001-5888-2905] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9M4eZYMAAAAJ 9M4eZYMAAAAJ] | | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42656226|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42656226/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75959947|Reinhard Richard Arndt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/218352847 218352847] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959947/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56497085|Alan Christoffels]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0420-2916 0000-0002-0420-2916] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0S4EdhcAAAAJ 0S4EdhcAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56497085|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56497085/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61110697|Jonathan Blackburn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-9595 0000-0001-8988-9595] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61110697|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61110697/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75960209|Lewis David Ashwal]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7277-9007 0000-0001-7277-9007] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2552235 2552235] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75960209|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75960209/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56065756|Shabir A. Madhi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-0636 0000-0002-7629-0636] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ok2EswEAAAAJ ok2EswEAAAAJ] | | | [[Fáìlì:Shabir Madhi for Fundación Civio.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79853945|Theodor John Stewart]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2732142|statistician]]''<br/>[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-5955 0000-0002-2107-5955] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8wH5tTkAAAAJ 8wH5tTkAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/15146153191805252771 15146153191805252771] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79133624|Cyril Thomas O’Connor]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-1317 0000-0003-3049-1317] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79133624|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79133624/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79134425|Chikwelu Larry Obi]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-2035 0000-0002-0068-2035] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/49027514 49027514] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134425|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134425/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43236424|Malcolm Collins]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2055046|physiologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2564-0480 0000-0002-2564-0480] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=UJaoIYkAAAAJ UJaoIYkAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/90465309 90465309] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43236424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43236424/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79134915|James Ogude]]'' | ''[[:d:Q6673651|literary scholar]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-7558 0000-0002-9734-7558] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46091896 46091896] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134915|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134915/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79135040|Antonel Olckers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-5666 0000-0002-4974-5666] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=MqwGq6MAAAAJ MqwGq6MAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135040|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135040/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79135291|Douglas William Oliver]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135291|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135291/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79135392|Gilbert Oke Martin Onwu]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135392|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135392/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q79136108|Philip Onyebujoh]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79136108|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79136108/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75964658|Narend Baijnath]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75964658|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75964658/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7339930|Rob Adam]]'' | ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7339930|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7339930/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2005877|Barney Pityana]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>[[amòfin]] | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-4622 0000-0003-4746-4622] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/19745919 19745919] | | [[Fáìlì:Barney Pityana.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2005877|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2005877/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75965202|Yunus Ballim]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-7428 0000-0001-5764-7428] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=waHRcgYAAAAJ waHRcgYAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75965202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75965202/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57078993|Claude Carignan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-6151 0000-0001-9089-6151] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=r2_oRUMAAAAJ r2_oRUMAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232336283 232336283] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20604661|Isabel Hofmeyr]]'' | ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5Uy2EH4AAAAJ 5Uy2EH4AAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/80589607 80589607] | 2017 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20604661|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20604661/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41076819|David Walwyn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0545-0604 0000-0002-0545-0604] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0VwjoFsAAAAJ 0VwjoFsAAAAJ] | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41076819|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41076819/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78416872|Chabani Manganyi]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416872|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416872/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78416981|Vincent Maphai]]'' | | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-4189 0000-0002-6103-4189] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416981/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78417090|Bice Martincigh]]'' | | | | | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417090|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417090/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q78417226|Adrian David Marais]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417226|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417226/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28822985|Helen Rees]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1442-6734 0000-0003-1442-6734] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Zoi9JkkAAAAJ Zoi9JkkAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/306342322 306342322] | | [[Fáìlì:AP 150814 013(1).jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28822985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28822985/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56936419|Sagadevan Govindasamy Mundree]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-9250 0000-0002-4119-9250] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56936419|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56936419/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q15127748|Nicoli Nattrass]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5631 0000-0002-8422-5631] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=XAekuekAAAAJ XAekuekAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/17279535 17279535] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15127748|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15127748/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q32860776|Felix Dapare Dakora]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-6896 0000-0002-9070-6896] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DW22bZEAAAAJ DW22bZEAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/9379653 9379653] | 2005 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55207368|Vanessa Watson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q91400171|planning theorist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q131062|urban planner]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9965-6891 0000-0001-9965-6891] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Cc-drkAAAAAJ Cc-drkAAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109342570 109342570] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55207368|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55207368/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76400607|Mark Cotton]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76400607|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76400607/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76544846|Stephanus Ferreira]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544846|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544846/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76544856|Loretta Feris]]'' | ''[[:d:Q16012028|legal scholar]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3952-8991 0000-0002-3952-8991] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ufwS2I4AAAAJ ufwS2I4AAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544856|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544856/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41800121|Johannes Wolfgang Fedderke]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41800121|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41800121/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76401280|Robin Michael Crewe]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401280|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401280/missing|📖]] |- | [[Glenda Gray]] | [[oníṣègùn]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-5774 0000-0002-9510-5774]<br/>[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-1477 0000-0003-4649-1477] | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/7933149919450906650009 7933149919450906650009] | | [[Fáìlì:Glenda Gray SA.jpg|center|128px]] | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17579989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17579989/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76545679|John Field]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76545679|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76545679/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76401538|Dennis Martin Davis]]'' | [[Adájọ́]] | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401538|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401538/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76401656|Christian Rudolph de Beer]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401656|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401656/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76401845|Tilman Dedering]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401845|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401845/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76401978|John Wesley de Gruchy]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401978|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401978/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76546145|Brian Figaji]]'' | ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-7017 0000-0002-2492-7017] | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76546145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76546145/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76402037|Deon de Beer]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402037|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402037/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76402078|Cristiaan de Jager]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402078|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402078/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76402308|Erika de Wet]]'' | | | | | 2018 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402308|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402308/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55209372|Christian Pirk]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6821-7044 0000-0001-6821-7044] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gmvFylEAAAAJ gmvFylEAAAAJ] | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55209372|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55209372/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75969884|Ahmed C. 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Nyamnjoh]] | ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4702-8874 0000-0002-4702-8874] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ohr8cwUAAAAJ Ohr8cwUAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/1454149198360374940001 1454149198360374940001]<br/>[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/19657109 19657109] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71649506|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71649506/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77705176|Colin Kenyon]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77705176|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77705176/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q75975187|G Michael Berger]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75975187|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75975187/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71650707|Hendrik B. Geyer]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]'' | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5765350|Himla Soodyall]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]'' | | | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48984131 48984131] | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5765350|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5765350/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q76120757|Basil Brooke]]'' | | | | | | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76120757|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76120757/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64876396|Genevieve Langdon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1906857|mechanical engineer]]'' | [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-9787 0000-0002-0396-9787] | [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VUJsNCAAAAAJ VUJsNCAAAAAJ] | [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/264171184898747771881 264171184898747771881] | 2019 | | [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64876396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64876396/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} gxp70jlyj7p1yj5zmqirl4sdff4hdp5 0 68604 637163 635289 2026-09-17T09:24:18Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Barr. Mahdi Mohammed Gusau|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|office=Deputy Governor of Zamfara State|term_start=29 May 2019|term_end=23 February 2022 <ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-07-29|title=Zamfara Deputy Governor Impeached By State Assembly Lawmakers|url=https://www.thecable.ng/just-in-zamfara-assembly-impeaches-deputy-governor|access-date=2022-02-23|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[TheCable]]}}</ref>|governor=[[Bello Matawalle]]|predecessor=[[Ibrahim Wakkala Muhammad]]|successor=[[Hassan Nasiha]]|birth_name=Mahdi Aliyu Mohammed Gusau|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1981|12|5|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Gusau]], [[Sokoto State]] (now in [[Zamfara State]]), Nigeria|party=[[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]]|spouse=|children=|parents=[[Aliyu Mohammed Gusau]]|alma_mater=Nigerian Military School Zaria|occupation={{hlist|Politician|lawyer}}|website=https://www.instagram.com/barrmahdi/|footnotes=}}'''Mahdi Aliyu Mohammed Gusau''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Kejìlá ọdún '''Ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́na mọ́kànlá din ni ogorun''') jẹ́ olóṣèlú àti agbẹjọ́rò ọmọ orílẹ̀- [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|èdè Nàìjíríà]], ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí igbákejì gómìnà [[ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara]] láti ọdún Lati ẹgbẹrun ọdun meji ó dín mọ́kànlá sí ẹgbẹrun ọdun meji ó dín mẹ́ta. <ref>{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> Òun ni Alága Ìpolongo Ààrẹ ní ìdìbò ọdún Ẹgbẹ̀rún méjì ó dín mẹ́ta-lélógún. Ọmọ General [[Aliyu Mohammed Gusau]] ni, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ Minisita fun Idaabobo tẹlẹ, [[Ọ̀gá àwọn Ọmọṣẹ́ Agbógun Nàìjíríà|Olórí Àwọn Ológun Ológun]] àti Olùdámọ̀ràn Ààbò Orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. <ref>{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == A bí Gusau ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Kejìlá ọdún '''Ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́na mọ́kànlá din ni ogorun''' ní [[Gusau]], [[Nàìjíríà]] fún Lieutenant Colonel [[Aliyu Mohammed Gusau]] nígbà náà, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ Olùdarí ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ ológun. Ó lọ sí [https://nms1954.sch.ng/ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ológun ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà] ní [[Zaria]] láti ọdún Ẹgbàá dín mọ́kàn-dín-lọ́gọ́ta sí ẹgbàá níbi tí ó ti gba ìwé ẹ̀rí ìkẹ́ẹ̀kọ́ gíga rẹ̀. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó tẹ̀síwájú láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa òfin ní yunifásítì kan níbi tí ó ti gba oyè LLB. Àlá ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ ni láti ṣiṣẹ́ fún Nàìjíríà nípasẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ológun, ó sì ti di agbẹjọ́rò àti olóṣèlú báyìí. <ref>{{Cite news|date=28 February 2022|title=Intrigues, permutations that led to Zamfara deputy governor's impeachment|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/features-and-interviews/514282-analysis-intrigues-permutations-that-led-to-zamfara-deputy-governors-impeachment.html?tztc=1|access-date=2025-06-25|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-02-23|title=Four things to know about the General's son impeached by Zamfara assembly|url=https://dailytrust.com/four-things-to-know-about-the-generals-son-impeached-by-zamfara-assembly/|access-date=2025-06-22|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ òṣèlú == Gusau bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ òṣèlú rẹ̀ ní ọdún Ẹgbàáji ó dín mẹ́rìndínlọ́gọ́ta, ó dije fún aṣojú àpapọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè ní agbègbè rẹ̀ lábẹ́ [[People's Democratic Party|ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú Peoples Democratic Party]] (PDP) nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún méjìlélọ́gbọ̀n. Ó jẹ́ ẹni tí yóò dije gẹ́gẹ́ bí igbákejì Gómìnà fún Bello Matawalle ní ìdìbò gbogbogbò lábẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú PDP. Lẹ́yìn ìdìbò tó jáwé olúborí, Gusau ni igbákejì gómìnà tó kéré jùlọ nínú ìjọba tiwantiwa Nàìjíríà àti ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ kẹrin, nígbà tó wà ní ipò nígbà tó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógójì. Ó ṣe àṣeyọrí nínú ìdarí ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú PDP ní ìpínlẹ̀ rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí Matawalle kúrò nípò ní ọdún ẹgbẹ̀rún méjì din ogun le ni okan. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní Nàìjíríà ló máa ń wò ó gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára àwọn aṣojú iṣẹ́ " Not Too Young To Run ", nítorí pé ó ti fi agbára rẹ̀ hàn láti dúró lórí ìlànà ìṣèlú rẹ̀ àti fún àǹfààní àwọn ènìyàn rẹ̀. Ó lè tako àwọn ipa láti òde láti fi ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ lọ sí APC láìka bí Matawalle àti àwọn ọmọ ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ náà ṣe yípadà. Gusau ni alaga igbimọ ipolongo aarẹ PDP ni ipinlẹ Zamfara ni [[2023 Nigeria Election|idibo gbogbogbo ọdun 2023]] . === Ìfìyàjẹni àti ìgbàpadà === Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹfà ọdún ẹgbẹ̀rún méjì din ogun le ni okan, gómìnà ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara tẹ́lẹ̀, Sẹ́nẹ́tọ̀ kan àti àwọn ọmọ ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin gbóríyìn fún àwọn ènìyàn láti orí ìgbìmọ̀ PDP níbi tí wọ́n ti díje fún ipò wọn, wọ́n sì gba ipò wọn nínú ìgbìmọ̀ APC. Gusau dúró ṣinṣin sí ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, ó sì kọ̀ láti dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ náà, èyí tí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú Ọ̀gágun [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]] gbóríyìn fún. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó fi ẹjọ́ kan wọ́n lórí ẹjọ́ ìyípadà ẹgbẹ́ wọn tí wọ́n kọ àmì rẹ̀ sí "FHC/ABJ/CS/650/2021" ó sì bẹ̀ ilé ẹjọ́ láti kéde pé àwọn ìjókòó wọn kò sí ní ipò wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí òfin ṣe là á kalẹ̀. <ref name="gt">{{Cite news|url=https://dailytrust.com/four-things-to-know-about-the-generals-son-impeached-by-zamfara-assembly|date=23 February 2022|accessdate=23 February 2022|title=Four Things To Know About The General's Son Impeached By Zamfara Assembly|last=George|first=Taiwo|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Odunsi|first=Wale|date=2022-02-05|title=Zamfara: Matawalle's Deputy, Mahdi Aliyu faces impeachment|url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/02/05/zamfara-matawalles-deputy-mahdi-aliyu-faces-impeachment/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2024-05-25|newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kejì ọdún '''Ẹgbàáje ó dín mọ́kàndínlógún''', Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara yọ Gusau kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí igbákejì gómìnà, wọ́n sì fi Sẹ́nétọ̀ [[Hassan Muhammed Gusau|Hassan Nasiha,]] rọ́pò rẹ̀ lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, tó ń ṣojú fún agbègbè ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara Central. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/just-in-zamfara-gets-new-deputy-governor/|date=23 February 2022|access-date=23 February 2022|title=(Just In): Zamfara Gets New Deputy Governor|last=Sabi'u kad|first=Muhammad}}</ref> Ìgbésẹ̀ náà tí [[Atiku Abubakar|Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Atiku Abubakar]], [[Peter Obi]] àti àwọn mìíràn dá lẹ́bi jákèjádò orílẹ̀-èdè náà, lẹ́yìn tí Aṣíwájú Púpọ̀lọpọ̀, Faruku Dosara (APC -Maradun 1) gba ìgbésẹ̀ náà níbi ìpàdé ìgbìmọ̀ ní [[Gusau]] . Ìbéèrè náà wáyé ní kété lẹ́yìn tí Ilé Aṣòfin gba ìròyìn ìgbìmọ̀ kan tí Adájọ́ Haladu Tanko ń darí, tí wọ́n ṣe ìwádìí lórí ẹ̀sùn ìwà àìtọ́ àti ìlòkulò ipò tí wọ́n fi kàn án. Aṣòfin Nasiru Muazu Magarya, ẹni tí ó ṣe alága ìjókòó náà, pàṣẹ fún Akọ̀wé, Saidu Anka, láti ṣe ìdìbò ohùn lórí ìyọkúrò náà. Ọ̀gbọ̀n nínú àwọn aṣòfin méjìlélógún tó wà níbẹ̀ ló dìbò láti fọwọ́ sí ìfòfin náà; <ref name="gt" /> ṣùgbọ́n, wọ́n tú àṣírí rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn náà pé ìfòfin náà jẹ́ àtìlẹ́yìn àìgbọràn àti àìlo àwọn ẹ̀sùn ipò láti ọwọ́ àwọn tó kúrò nípò. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Nigeria|first=News Agency of|date=2023-06-21|title=Court annuls impeachment of ex-Zamfara deputy governor Mahdi Gusau|url=https://gazettengr.com/court-annuls-impeachment-of-ex-zamfara-deputy-governor-mahdi-gusau/|location=Abuja, Nigeria|access-date=2024-05-25|language=en-US}}</ref> Wọ́n dá Gusau padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí igbákejì gómìnà Zamfara lẹ́yìn àṣẹ ilé ẹjọ́ gíga ti àpapọ̀ ní Abuja láti ọwọ́ Adájọ́ Inyang Ekwo. Gbogbo awọn igbese ti a gbe si ifilọfin arufin ni ile-ẹjọ giga apapo pada. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Wahab|first=Bayo|date=2023-06-21|title=Court restores Mahdi Gusau as Zamfara deputy governor|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/court-restores-mahdi-gusau-as-zamfara-deputy-governor/rsypkgn|accessdate=2024-05-25|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|archivedate=2024-05-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525231022/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/court-restores-mahdi-gusau-as-zamfara-deputy-governor/rsypkgn|deadurl=yes}}</ref> === Ìdìbò Gómìnà === Mahdi Aliyu Mohammed Gusau ló borí ìdìbò Gómìnà ADC ti ọdún 2027 ti ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú ADC, ó sì ṣẹ́gun àwọn olùdíje méjì mìíràn pẹ̀lú ìbò Ẹgbàatà-dín-ní-gba-ó-lé-márùndínlọ́gbọ̀n, nígbà tí Abdul'mutallab Ahmed Mohammed gba ìbò '''Ẹgbẹ̀ẹ́dógún ó lé lẹ́fà-din-lọ́gbọ̀n''', Shehu Ahmed Musa sì gba ìbòẹgbẹ̀rún méje àti ọgọ́rùn-ún mẹ́fà àti ogójì àti méj. == Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti ìdámọ̀ == * Àmì ẹ̀yẹ Peace Achiever International fún ìkọ́lé orílẹ̀-èdè àti ètò tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àlàáfíà ní ẹ̀ka náà. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-11-05|title=Dan'iya, Mahdi Gusau to be honored at Peace Achievers International Awards|url=https://dailytrust.com/daniya-mahdi-gusau-to-be-honored-at-peace-achievers-international-awards/|access-date=2024-05-25|language=en-US}}</ref> * Ipò ọlá fún àjọ Federal Road Safety Commission * Alaga igbimọ ipolongo aarẹ fun idibo gbogbogbo PDP ni ọdun Ẹgbẹ̀rún méjì ó lélúgbi-mẹ́ta ni ipinlẹ Zamfara. * Aṣojú ti National Open University of Nigeria. == Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Àkànṣe == * Wọ́n ṣí ilé-iṣẹ́ NEC ICT Center ní ìpínlẹ̀ Zamafara * Alága ìgbìmọ̀ ìrànlọ́wọ́ àti ipa lórí àrùn covid-19 ní ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara * Ó ṣe onígbọ̀wọ́ fún àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ ìpínlẹ̀ tó lé ní '''mẹ́ta ọgọ́rùn-ún lé mẹ́sàn-án lé ogún''' fún àwọn ẹ̀kọ́ ní oríṣiríṣi ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga lórí ẹ̀rọ ayélujára. * Ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìkọ́lé agbára láti ọwọ́ Sẹ́nétọ̀ Hassan * Ṣe àfihàn àwọn àwọ̀n tí a fi oògùn pa fún ìpalára àrùn Malaria ti ọdún Ọdún ẹgbàá ó dínogún ní ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara. * Ṣe àmì sí pípín àwọn ohun èlò ìtọ́jú fún àwọn aláìní àti àwọn aláàbọ̀ ara ní ìpínlẹ̀ náà tí wọ́n ṣe ní Mallaha Ginery Gusau. * Ṣe àfihàn pípín àwọn ẹ̀rọ ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ nípa ìmọ̀ kọ̀ǹpútà àti lílo rẹ̀ fún àwọn tó ń jàǹfààní rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kìíní ọdún ọdun ẹgbẹrun méjì ogún * Ṣe àfihàn ìfihàn ìtajà ilé Zamfara ti ọdún 2019-ọdun ẹgbẹrun méjì ogún kẹwàá * Ṣe àmì sí Community Nursing and Midwifery ti Gusau ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2020. * Ṣe àmì sí pípín àwọn ohun èlò ìrànlọ́wọ́ tí Ìgbìmọ̀ Orílẹ̀-èdè fún àwọn asásálà, àwọn aṣíwájú, àti àwọn tí a lé kúrò nílé ní ọjọ́ kẹrin Okudu kẹfà ọdún ọdun ẹgbẹrun méjì ogún. * Mo kopa gidigidi ninu atunse awon elewon ti a ti tu silẹ lakoko isejoba naa. * A pín àpò Ramadan fún àwọn ènìyàn tó lé ní ẹgbẹ̀rún kan (ẹgbẹ̀rún kan) tí wọn kò ní àǹfààní púpọ̀ ní ìpínlẹ̀ náà ní ọdún ẹgbẹ̀rún méjì lé ní ogún o din ni kan. * Àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ igba ló ṣe onígbọ̀wọ́ fún àwọn ẹ̀kọ́ diploma * Ó dá sí i, ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ N-Power àti Conditional cash transfer ní ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara. [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1988]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Gómìnà Ìpínlẹ̀ Zamfara]] 3s8dkjjqykck6jfx6o197n5ti2vppt4 0 69220 637169 615607 2026-09-17T10:08:12Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637169 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moji Makanjuola''jẹ́ ògbóǹtarìgì nínú ìròyìn ṣíṣe àti agbóhùnsáfẹ́fẹ́ ni orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/society/moji-makanjuolas-day-of-joy/|title=Moji Makanjuola’s day of joy|work=The Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper|accessdate=30 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006074358/http://www.punchng.com/spice/society/moji-makanjuolas-day-of-joy/|archive-date=6 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://newtelegraphonline.com/service-chiefs-eight-governors-others-make-national-honours-list/|title=New Telegraph – Service chiefs, eight governors, others make National Honours list|publisher=|accessdate=30 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006072847/http://newtelegraphonline.com/service-chiefs-eight-governors-others-make-national-honours-list/|archive-date=6 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Òun ni adarí tẹ́lẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ àwọn oniroyin obìnrin ni Nàìjíríà (NAWOJ).<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200702260564.html</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=10416|title=Moji makanjuola: I never lied for government - The Sun News|work=The Sun News|accessdate=30 September 2014}}</ref> ==Àkọ́lé àti ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ iṣẹ́== Moji Makanjuola, ọmọ ìlú [[Kwara State]] tí wọn bí sì ìlú náà, jẹ́ olújábọ̀ oníròyìn ìlera kan tó jẹ́ ọ̀kan pàtàkì nínú àwọn oníròyìn [[amóhùnmáwòrán]] Nàìjíríà tó ti ṣe àfikún gidi sí ìdàgbàsókè àti ìmúlò ìròyìn [[journalism]] ní orílè èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] , pàápàá jùlọ nípa [[ìròyìn]] ìlera.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://royaltimes.net/more/health/first-lady-pledges-increased-advocacy-for-womens-health/|title=First Lady pledges increased advocacy for women's health|publisher=|accessdate=30 September 2014|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140930113909/http://royaltimes.net/more/health/first-lady-pledges-increased-advocacy-for-womens-health/|archive-date=30 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ó jẹ́ alábàáṣiṣẹ́pọ̀ ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ fún [[UN Women]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/09/towards-restoring-peace-northern-nigeria-women/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902230740/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/09/towards-restoring-peace-northern-nigeria-women/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=September 2, 2014|title=Towards restoring peace in Northern Nigeria through women|work=Daily Independent, Nigerian Newspaper|accessdate=30 September 2014}}</ref> Tí ó sì tún ti ṣiṣẹ́ fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún ní [[Nigerian Television Authority]] (NTA) níbi tí ó ti gòkè sí ipò olórí ẹ̀ka ìlera àti akọ̀kọ obìnrin ṣáájú ìfẹ́yìnti rẹ. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ tí ó dangajia ní [[Center for Diseases Control, CDC]] [[Atlanta]] ní [[United States of America|Amẹ́ríkà]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theafricanstorychallengejudging.org/the-challenge-judges/|title=The Challenge Judges – The African Story Challenge|publisher=|accessdate=30 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006074716/http://www.theafricanstorychallengejudging.org/the-challenge-judges/|archive-date=6 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ṣáájú kí ó tó fẹ̀yíntì fi iṣẹ́ NTA sílẹ̀, ó ti fi ìgbà kan ṣiṣẹ́ ní National Television Broadcast, [[Kwara State]], Nàìjíríà níbi tí ó ti jẹ́ alukoro àkọ́kọ́ tí ó kókó wá ní ilé isẹ́ tẹlifíṣọ̀n wọn.<ref name="women-ruling-journalism" /> Makanjuola tún jẹ́ olórí Ẹ̀ka Ìfihàn àti Ìròyìn ti NTA láàárín ọdún 1980 sí ọdún 1985. Lẹ́yìn tí ó ti fi [[Nigerian Television Authority|Nigeria Television Authority]] (NTA) sílẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórí àkọ́kọ́ Ẹ̀ka Ìlera àti Ìbálòpọ̀ Obìnrin, ó tẹ̀síwájú láti máa ṣiṣẹ́ fún NTA lórí ìpinnu àdéhùn.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theafricanstorychallengejudging.org/the-challenge-judges/ |title=The Challenge Judges - the African Story Challenge |access-date=2014-10-06 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006074716/http://www.theafricanstorychallengejudging.org/the-challenge-judges/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Makanjuola is also a cinematographer and the chief executive officer of Bronz and Onyx, an integrated marketing communications and strategy company.<ref name="women-ruling-journalism"/> Ó jẹ́ Ààre èèkàn tí Nigerian Association of Women Journalists (NAWOJ).<ref name="women-ruling-journalism" />'òun sì ni ó jé onkowe ìwé'Health Journalism: A Journey with Moji Makanjuola'', Tí wọn tẹ jáde ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://royaltimes.net/more/health/first-lady-pledges-increased-advocacy-for-womens-health/#selection-329.1-337.120 |title = First Lady pledges increased advocacy for women's health &#124; Royal Time… |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140930113909/http://royaltimes.net/more/health/first-lady-pledges-increased-advocacy-for-womens-health/#selection-329.1-337.120 |archive-date=30 September 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>Ní ọjọ́ okandinlogbon, oṣù kẹsàn-án, ọdún 2014, Aunty Moji, bí àwọn àwọn ènìyàn tí máa ń pe wọn, wá lára àwọn ọmọ orile-ede Nàìjíríà Márùn-ún lè ní ọdúnrún tí wọn gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ orile-ede làti owó Ààrẹ àná, Ààrẹ [[Goodluck Ebele Jonathan]] tí ilé Nàìjíríà . Wọn yàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórí fún [[National Health Insurance Authority]] (NHIA) Leadership Development Program on March 22, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=II |first=Admin |date=2023-03-22 |title=Chief (Mrs) Moji Makanjuola Appointed Champion For NHIA - FOREFRONT NG Appointed, champion, Moji Makanjuola, NHIA |url=https://forefrontng.com/chief-mrs-moji-makanjuola-appointed-champion-for-nhia/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=FOREFRONT NG |language=en-US}}</ref> Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Order of the Federal Republic (MFR).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timenigeria.com/a-memorable-night-with-ace-broadcaster-anty-moji/|title = A Memorable Night with Ace-Broadcaster, Anty Moji|date = 6 October 2016}}</ref> She is also an executive director of the International Society of Media in Public Health (ISMP).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greensavannahdiplomaticcable.com/2018/11/bamigboye-put-me-on-career-path-moji-makanjuola/|title=Bamigboye put me on career path – Moji Makanjuola|access-date=2026-03-04|archive-date=2026-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260422045750/https://greensavannahdiplomaticcable.com/2018/11/bamigboye-put-me-on-career-path-moji-makanjuola/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Wọ́n ráyè ròyìn wipé Makanjuola jẹ́ ẹni tí ó máa ń lo ọgbọ́n ìròyìn rẹ láti tọ́jú ìwòye àwọn tí kò ní ìgbàgbọ́ nínú àbísí ìtọ́jú àjàkálẹ̀-arun ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/worlds-best-shot-Moji-Makanjuola/|title = How One Journalist Used Her Reporting Skills to Convert Vaccine Skeptics in Nigeria}}</ref> == Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí == {{reflist}} r0tlj2vjemwsmts37iqjrwn1kwlmmmb 2 69758 637101 619818 2026-09-16T20:46:05Z ListeriaBot 17294 Wikidata list updated [V2] 637101 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Minister of Commerce and Industry of Chad who was minister twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q75013328 } |section= |sort=P39/Q75013328/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q75013328/P580:Start date,P39/Q75013328/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q75004649|Achta Djibrine Sy]]'' | | [[Tsad]] | 2019-08-19 | 2020-07-14 | [[Fáìlì:Achta Djibrine Sy.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q114759146|Ali Djadda Kampard]]'' | | [[Tsad]] | | | [[Fáìlì:Ali Djadda Kampard (P-066131-00-03) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q114759182|Walendom Robertine]]'' | | [[Tsad]] | 2022-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q128307758|Guibolo Fanga Mathieu]]'' | | | 2024-05-27 | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} oj18pcbabx4ewgr5xg4she7l0a31gzf 0 71690 637125 625448 2026-09-17T03:27:34Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|oníṣòwò ní Nàìjíríà(wọ́n bi ní ọdun 1986)}} {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = | name = Bella Disu | honorific_suffix = | image = New Bella Disu 1.jpg | caption = | birth_name = Belinda Ajoke Olubunmi Adenuga | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1986|05|29|df=y}} | birth_place = | nationality = Nigerian | other_names = | education = {{plainlist| *[[Northeastern University]] *[[University of Massachusetts]] }} | alma_mater = | occupation = Business Executive | years_active = 2004–present | spouse = Jameel Disu | children = | father = [[Mike Adenuga]] | website = {{url|https://bella-disu.com}} }} '''Belinda "Bella" Ajoke Olubunmi Disu''' (orúkọ baba rẹ̀ ni Adenuga, wọ́n bí ní 29 May 1986) jé obinrin onísòwò omo [[Nàìjíríà|Nàìjirià]] <ref name="Businessday NG 2019">{{cite web|title=Women in Business: Bella Disu|website=Businessday NG|date=2019-08-09|url=https://businessday.ng/women-in-business/article/women-in-business-bella-disu/|access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>. Òun ni alaga Abumet TNigeria Limited, <ref name="Adeniyi 2021">{{cite web | last=Adeniyi | first=Olusegun | title=Abumet Nigeria Appoints Belinda Ajoke Disu Chairman | website=THISDAYLIVE | date=2021-01-26 | url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/01/26/abumet-nigeria-appoints-belinda-ajoke-disu-chairman/ | access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>, ígbákejì Alaga ilé ise [[Globacom]], <ref name="Bloomberg">{{cite web | title=Are you a robot? | website=Bloomberg | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/20974280 | access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>, oun sì tún ni oga agba cobble stone property and estate limited ati alaga [[Julius Berger Nigeria plc]] <ref name="The AFRICA CEO FORUM 2021">{{cite web | title=Bella DISU | website=The AFRICA CEO FORUM | date=2021-06-17 | url=https://www.theafricaceoforum.com/en/portraits/bella-disu/ | language=fr | access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref> ==Àárò ayé àti èkó rè== A bí Bella Disu ní 29 may, 1986 sí inú idile [[Mike Adenuga]] (alaga Globacom) àti Emelia Adefolake, <ref name="Akinwale 2019">{{cite web | last=Akinwale | first=Funsho | title=Bella Adenuga Disu, others bag IoD certification | website=The Guardian Nigeria News | date=2019-03-09 | url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/bella-adenuga-disu-others-bag-iod-certification/ | access-date=2022-03-31 | archive-date=2022-03-31 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171831/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/bella-adenuga-disu-others-bag-iod-certification/ | dead-url=yes }}</ref> okawe ní ìlú eko. Ilé ìwé akobere rè ní ilé-ìwé Corona, [[Victoria Island]], ósì lo ilé-ìwé Queen's College fún èkó Sekondiri rè. Ní odun 1998, ófi ilé-ìwé Queen's College kale láti lo si ilé-ìwé Vivian Fowler memorian College for girls, nibi tí o ti pari ìwé sekondiri ní odun 2000 <ref name="Olanrewaju 2019">{{cite web | last=Olanrewaju | first=Sulaimon | title=Bella Disu: The Midas at Globacom | website=Tribune Online | date=2019-04-12 | url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/bella-disu-the-midas-at-globacom/ | access-date=2022-04-01}}</ref>. Ogba àmì-èye Bachelor degree ní sayensi oselu àti International relations ní [[yunifásitì ti Massachusetts]] (orílẹ̀ èdè Amerika), ósì tún gba àmì-èye M.sc ninú leadership ní yunifásitì ti Northeastern, Boston <ref name="Uriri 2019">{{cite web | last=Uriri | first=Francesca | title=Leading Ladies Africa Nigeria’s 100 most inspiring women in 2019 | website=Guardian Woman | date=2019-03-16 | url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/leading-ladies-africa-nigerias-100-most-inspiring-women-in-2019/ | access-date=2022-04-01 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="THISDAYLIVE 2018">{{cite web | last=THISDAYLIVE | first=Home - | title=– A Daughter in a Million: The Amazing Exploits of Belinda Disu in BusinesTHISDAYLIVE | website=THISDAYLIVE | date=2018-10-07 | url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/10/07/a-daughter-in-a-million-the-amazing-exploits-of-belinda-disu-in-busines/?amp | access-date=2022-04-01 | archive-date=2019-04-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416121201/https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/10/07/a-daughter-in-a-million-the-amazing-exploits-of-belinda-disu-in-busines/?amp | dead-url=yes }}</ref> ==Isé rè== Ní odun 2004, Bella darapò mó ilé ise Globacom Ltd, ósì ti di ara àwon oludari ilé isé náà. Ní odun 2011, o di òkan ninú àwon egbe oludari Cobblesrone estate and property Ltd, ósì di ògá àgbà ilé isé náà ní odun 2015. Ó tún jé oludari fún ilé isé Julius Berger tí èka Nàìjíríà. <ref name="Ojekunle 2018">{{cite web | last=Ojekunle | first=Aderemi | title=Meet the daughters of 6 Nigerian billionaires and what they do | website=Business Insider Africa | date=2018-07-20 | url=https://africa.businessinsider.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-meet-the-daughters-of-6-nigerian-billionaires-and-what-they-do/frbfctm | access-date=2022-04-01}}</ref> <ref name="Nigerian CommunicationWeek 2019">{{cite web | title=Globacom’s EVC, Bella Disu, Joins Others for Institute of Directors Certification | website=Nigerian CommunicationWeek | date=2019-03-05 | url=https://www.nigeriacommunicationsweek.com.ng/globacoms-evc-bella-disu-joins-others-for-institute-of-directors-certification/ | access-date=2022-04-01}}</ref> àti oludari Abamet plc, ilé isé tí óún se gilasi àti aluminum ní Nàìjíríà. Ní osù kiní odun 2019, ó di ígbákejì alaga ilé isé Globacom <ref name="Technology Times 2019">{{cite web | title=Adenuga’s Daughter Assumes Number 2 Role At Globacom | website=Technology Times | date=2019-01-30 | url=https://www.technologytimes.ng/adenugas-daughter-assumes-number-2-role-at-globacom/ | access-date=2022-04-01 | archive-date=2022-05-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517175218/https://www.technologytimes.ng/adenugas-daughter-assumes-number-2-role-at-globacom/ | dead-url=yes }}</ref> ==Ìdílé rè== Ní osù kerin odun 2010, Bella fé Jameel Disu, wón sì bí omo méjì <ref name="Encomium Magazine 2010">{{cite web | title=Classics: Inside Bella Adenuga, Jameel Disu's Engagement | website=Encomium Magazine | date=2010-04-10 | url=https://encomium.ng/classics-inside-bella-adenuga-jameel-disus-engagement/ | access-date=2022-04-01}}</ref> ==Àmì èye== Ní December 2019, ìjoba French fún Bella ní àmì èye Ordre des Arts et des Lettres fún ìkópa ré nínú itoju art àti asa papajulo imojuto construction of the Alliance Francaise Mike Adenuga Centre, Ikoyi tí Eko <ref name="Omotayo 2019">{{cite web | last=Omotayo | first=Joseph | title=Jubilation as Mike Adenuga’s daughter bags French prestigious national honour | website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. | date=2019-12-18 | url=https://www.legit.ng/1285233-mike-adenugas-daughter-bella-disu-bags-french-prestigious-national-honour.html | access-date=2022-04-01 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Àwon ìtókasí== <references /> ejtc7l91xom3f0e9a9ek4vtx2ksb3ji 0 72418 637116 615883 2026-09-17T01:46:38Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aisha Abimbola''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún, oṣù Kejìlá, ọdún 1970, tí ó sì kú ní ọjọ́ karùn-úndínlógún, oṣù kàrún, ọdún 2018)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-05-18|title=Aisha Abimbola Biography|url=http://www.nigerianmonitor.com/aisha-abimbola-biography-profile-nigerian-monitor/|access-date=2020-11-10|website=LATEST NIGERIAN NEWS BREAKING HEADLINES NEWSPAPERS|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117023257/http://www.nigerianmonitor.com/aisha-abimbola-biography-profile-nigerian-monitor/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> jẹ́ òṣèrébìnrin ti ìlẹ̀ Nàìjíríà ó sì tún jẹ́ òṣèré Yorùbá tó gbayì.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-05-17|title=Nigerian Actress Aisha Abimbola Laid to Rest in Canada|url=https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00061111.html|access-date=2020-11-10|website=allAfrica.com|language=en|archive-date=2021-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207214949/https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00061111.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí == ow190gq44g2s1t6goyhqgti8dgryt90 0 73256 637133 566422 2026-09-17T06:45:40Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637133 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gèlè''' jé irúfé aṣọ tí a máa n gbá mọ́ orí. Kòsí [[aṣọ]] tí o leè wuyì-wúni-lórí lára [[obìnrin]] [[Yorùbá]] láìsì gèlè. Gèlè ti wá di gbajú-gbajà láàrín àwọn obìrin ní gbogbo orílẹ̀-èdè wa [[Nàìjíríà]].<ref name="Iwalaiye 20212">{{cite web|last=Iwalaiye|first=Temi|title=The significance of a gele in traditional attires|website=Pulse Nigeria|date=2021-11-17|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/the-significance-of-a-gele-in-traditional-attires/pwef9pw|access-date=2023-02-20}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gèlè jẹ́ ǹkan pàtàkì tí ọmọ-bìnrin kìí fií falẹ̀ lọ́jọ́ ayẹyẹ Ìgbéyàwo wọn. Bákannaáà ni, àwọn alábáṣe kò gbẹ́hìn. A sì tún se àmúlò rẹ̀ níbi ayẹyẹ ìsìnkú tàbi oríṣi ayẹyẹ míràn. Gèlè tí a ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ tí a mọ sí dàmáàsì wuyì púpò lásìkò tirẹ̀( bí ótilẹ̀ jẹ́ wípé àsìkò rẹ̀ ti kọjá). Ó ṣe é gẹ̀ dáadáa sí orísi onà tí a fẹ́ fi da.<ref name="Iwalaiye 20213">{{cite web|last=Iwalaiye|first=Temi|title=The significance of a gele in traditional attires|website=Pulse Nigeria|date=2021-11-17|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/the-significance-of-a-gele-in-traditional-attires/pwef9pw|access-date=2023-02-20}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>Temi Iwalaiye. The significance of a Gele in traditional attires. November 17,2021.</ref> Bí Gèlè bá ṣe ga tó, ni ẹwà a rẹ̀ yíó ṣe pọ̀ to. Olórin Lágbájá kọ orin "Oní Gèlè" nínú àwo-orin "Skentele Skontolo"The higher the gele is, the more beautiful it is. Even Lagbaja sang a song about an “Oni Gele” in a track called “Skentele Skontolo”. Àwọn kan a máa da láṣà pé, bí gèlè bá ṣe tóbi tó ni inú ẹni wée sórí ṣe dùn to, àti pe, Gèlè ò dùn bíi ká mọ́ọ́ wé, ká mọ́ we ò dà bíi kó yẹ ni. Àrọbá kan sọ wípé, gèlè wíwé a máa sọ ìyàtọ̀ láàrín abilékọ àti omidan. abilékọ a gẹ gèlè sápá ọ̀tun bẹ́ẹ̀ ni omidan a gẹ tirẹ̀ sápá òsì. Nígbà  míràn, a máa ṣe àfihàn ipò láwùjọ nípa bí o ti wọ́n lówó ju-ra-wọn-lọ. lásìkò yìí, gèlè Aṣọ-òkè ni o gbàgbooro, kìí si ṣe yaayaa púpọ̀, síbẹ̀-síbẹ̀, a lèè ṣe lẹ́ṣọ, ṣe e lárà lórísirísi láti jẹ́ kí ó tún bọ̀ jẹ ojú ní gbèsè. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} cbjbssaujp3l5wp6ywu8npv710cpv1d 0 73438 637159 619970 2026-09-17T08:57:54Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Lanre Alfred|image=|occupation=Journalist, author, entrepreneur|credits=''[[This Day]]'', columnist, former society editor<br>''The Capital'', publisher <br> ''[[City People Magazine]]'', former society reporter}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Lanre Alfred''' jẹ́ akọ̀ròyìn, òǹkọ̀wé àti akéde ọmọ Nàìjíríà. Òun ni olùtèjáde ''The Capital'', olóòtú awujọ iṣaaju ati akọ̀ròyìn ìwé ìròyìn [[ThisDay|This Day]]'', onkọ̀wé ìwé márùn àti ẹni tí ó ni itàkan ni [[Èkó|ilu Ekò]], [[Nàìjíríà]]. Alfred Lanre jẹ́ olóòtú ìwé-ìròyìn celebrity journalism. Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú ẹ̀ka ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ náà ni iṣẹ́ oníròyìn láwùjọ, òǹkọ̀wé àti òǹkọ̀wé ní ''ìwé ìròyìn City People'', ìwé ìròyìn asọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ní Nàìjíríà jẹ́ tí Seye Kehinde dá sílẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://theyesng.com/how-to-make-money-as-a-journalist-mayor-akinpelu/|title=HOW TO MAKE MONEY AS A JOURNALIST – MAYOR AKINPELU|date=27 August 2015|publisher=YES International|accessdate=30 December 2017|author=Azuh Arinze}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hottestgistinnaija.com/2015/04/24/seye-kehinde-at-50-how-he-changed-the-face-of-soft-sell-publishing/|title=SEYE KEHINDE AT %), HOW HE CHANGED THE FACE OF SOFT-SELL PUBLISHING|publisher=Naija Hottest Gists|accessdate=31 December 2017|author=Kola Popson|archivedate=5 January 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105180437/http://www.hottestgistinnaija.com/2015/04/24/seye-kehinde-at-50-how-he-changed-the-face-of-soft-sell-publishing/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Lẹhin ọdun meji kan, Alfred fi ''Iwe irohin Ilu Awọn eniyan'' silẹ fun Iwe iroyin ''[[ThisDay|Ọjọ Oni yii]]'' nibiti o ti kọ ''SpyGlass'' ni Ọjọ Satidee ati ''Awọn iṣẹlẹ Awujọ'' ni Ọjọ Ọṣẹ, <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://societynow.ng/lanre-alfred-launches-game-changer-book-high-life-on-april-24/|title=LANRE ALFRED LAUNCHES GAME CHANGER BOOK, ''HIGH LIFE'' ON APRIL 24|date=9 March 2014|publisher=Society Now|accessdate=30 December 2017}}</ref> oju-iwe nipasẹ eyiti o ṣe afihan igbesi aye ti awọn awujọ awujọ Naijiria ati awọn olokiki olokiki. O fi ''Ọjọ yii'' silẹ gẹgẹbi Olootu Awujọ ni 2014 lati wa iwe irohin ti ara rẹ lori ayelujara, ''The Capital'', "itẹjade lori ayelujara pẹlu idojukọ lori iṣowo, iṣelu ati igbesi aye ti awujọ giga ti Nigeria ati nouveau riche.". <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://societynow.ng/lanre-alfred-launches-game-changer-book-high-life-on-april-24/|title=Lanre Alfred: The day I was nearly lured to death|date=26 August 2014|publisher=The Cable|author=Ada Igboanugo}}</ref> O si maa wa a idasi columnist si ''Yi Day'' nipasẹ kan osẹ iwe ti a npè ni, ''High Life''. [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníròyìn ará Nàìjíríà]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] ==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí== 7xe0q9oqlor8jhzyzhgo6w9cvnun5uz 0 75038 637174 580782 2026-09-17T10:42:11Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Mulikat Akande-Adeola|image=|image_size=|width=|caption=|office=Member of the [[Nigerian House of Representatives]]|term_start=5 June 2007|term_end=6 June 2015|predecessor=|successor=|constituency=[[Ogbomosho North|Ogbomoso North]]/[[Ogbomosho South|South]]/Orire|birth_name=Mulikat Akande|birth_date={{birth date and age|1960|11|11|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Kaduna]], [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Region]], Nigeria (now in [[Kaduna State]])|death_date=|death_place=|party=[[Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Social Democratic Party]] (2022–present)<ref name=Mulikat/>|otherparty=[[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] (1998–2022)|alma_mater={{plainlist| *[[Ahmadu Bello University]] ([[LL.B.]]) *[[Nigerian Law School]] *[[University of Lagos]] ([[LL.M.]]) }}}} '''Mulikat Akande-Adeola''' (ojoibi 11 November 1960)<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/former-reps-leader-akande-adeola-dumps-pdp-in-oyo-obtains-sdp-senatorial-form/</ref> je agbejoro ati oloselu omo [[Nàìjíríà|Naijiria]].<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/if-we-knew-it-will-be-this-way-we-might-have-acted-differently-in-2019-akande-adeola/</ref> Odun 2007 ni won dibo yan gege bi omo ile igbimo asoju-sofin Naijiria lori egbe oselu Peoples Democratic Party to n soju agbegbe Ogbomoso North, South ati Orire ni odun 2007 ti won si tun yan ni odun 2011.<ref>https://www.citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/positions/6001ff5bf3956c104bdd3fa3</ref> == Igbesi aye ibẹrẹ ati ẹkọ == A bi Mulikat Akande ni ojo kokanla osu kokanla odun 1960 ni ilu [[Kàdúná|Kaduna]], ni apa ariwa orileede [[Nàìjíríà|Naijiria]] si Alhaji ati Alhaja Akande ti idile Jokodolu. O lọ si ile-iwe alakọbẹrẹ St. Annes ati Queen Amina College ni Kaduna. Leyin eko girama, o lo si College of Arts and Science, [[Zaria]] fun ipele A re, leyin na o lo si [[Yunifásítì Àmọ́dù Béllò|Ahmadu Bello University]] ni 1979, nibi ti o ti kawe nipa ofin ti o si gba LL. B. ( Apon of Laws ) ni 1982 pẹlu oke keji kilasi. Ó lọ sí ilé ẹ̀kọ́ òfin lórílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, wọ́n sì pè é lọ́dún 1983. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó lọ sí [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó|yunifásítì ti Èkó]] fún ìwé ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ kejì nínú Òfin ( Master of Laws (LL.M.) ) ní ọdún 1985. O bẹrẹ iṣẹ ofin rẹ ni eka ile-ifowopamọ nibiti o ti dide si Akowe Ile-iṣẹ / Oludamọran ofin lati 1988 si 1996. Lẹhinna o lọ kuro lati ṣakoso ile-iṣẹ amofin aladani rẹ, M. L. Akande and Company, lati 1997 si 2007. Lọwọlọwọ o jẹ alaga ti ile-iṣẹ naa lọwọlọwọ. Igbimọ Pilot Finance Ltd. == Oselu ọmọ == Odun 1998 lo kopa ninu oselu lori eto egbe Peoples Democratic Party. Ni odun 2007, won yan an si ile igbimo asofin lati soju agbegbe Ogbomosho North, South ati Orire Federal Constituency. Bakan naa lo tun je omo ile igbimo asofin ECOWAS lati odun 2007 si 2011. Ni odun 2011 lo dije dupo Aare ile igbimo asofin, o si di obinrin akoko ti o di ipo olori poju ni ipele isofin apapo. Ni ọdun 2018, o di obinrin akọkọ ti PDP yan fun Sẹnetọ Ariwa Oyo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/honourable-mulikat-akande-adeola/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |archive-date=2023-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310200735/https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/honourable-mulikat-akande-adeola/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ni Oṣu Karun ọdun 2022, o fi ẹgbẹ [[People's Democratic Party|PDP]] silẹ lọ si Social Democratic Party lati dije fun tikẹti ti agbegbe sẹnatorial Oyo North. O kuro latari iyapa ti ko le yanju pelu gomina [[Oluseyi Makinde|Seyi Makinde]] ti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀yọ́|Ipinle Oyo]] ti o ran lowo lati di [[Àkójọ àwọn Gómìnà Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀yọ́|gomina]] lodun 2019.<ref name=":0">https://tribuneonlineng.com/former-reps-leader-akande-adeola-dumps-pdp-in-oyo-obtains-sdp-senatorial-form/</ref> === Esun ewu si aye === Ni Oṣu Kẹta ọdun 2021, o gbe itaniji soke pe igbesi aye rẹ wa labẹ ewu. Minisita fun eto idagbasoke awọn ọdọ ati ere idaraya, Oloye [[Sunday dare|Sunday Dare]] kilọ pe ko si ohun ti ko le ṣẹlẹ si oun, o si kesi gomina [[Oluseyi Makinde|Seyi Makinde]] lati tọju ọrọ naa pẹlu gbogbo ohun to ṣe pataki ki o rii daju aabo gbogbo yika fun oun. O tun ke si awọn ile-iṣẹ aabo lati dide si ayeye naa ki wọn rii pe igbesi aye rẹ ko si ninu ewu lonakona.<ref>https://guardian.ng/news/alleged-threat-to-life-minister-wants-special-protection-for-mulikat-akande/</ref> == Awọn itọkasi == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1960]] 9d4o7d3jyjhc91vkj250i5objsgfgon 0 75084 637124 581036 2026-09-17T03:25:47Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637124 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Infobox scientist | name = Beban Sammy Chumbow | image = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1943|09|11}} | birth_place = | nationality = Cameroonian | fields = [[Linguistics]], [[Applied Linguistics]], [[Language planning]] | workplaces = [[ICT University|ICT University USA Cameroon Campus]], [[University of Yaoundé I]], [[University of Dschang]], [[University of Ngaoundere]], [[University of Buea]] | alma_mater = [[Indiana University Bloomington]] | awards = [[Cameroon Academy of Sciences]] Award (2005) }} == Beban Chumbow== '''Beban Sammy Chumbow''' (11 Kẹsán 1943) [1] jẹ onimọ-ede lati [[Kamẹrúùnù|Cameroon]]. O ti ṣe awọn ipo ọjọgbọn ati iṣakoso ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ile-ẹkọ giga ni Ilu Kamẹrika, pẹlu Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Dschang ati Ile-ẹkọ giga ICT, Campus Cameroon. O tun jẹ alaga ti Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ilu Kamẹra (CAS). == Igbesi aye ibẹrẹ ati ẹkọ == A bi Chumbow ni ọjọ 11 Oṣu Kẹsan ọdun 1943 ni Pipin Mezam ti agbegbe Ariwa-Iwọ-oorun ti Ilu Kamẹra.<ref name=":0">https://www.thevoicenews.net/2019/07/31/youre-a-square-peg-in-square-hole/</ref> O pari eto-ẹkọ alakọbẹrẹ rẹ ni Ariwa-Iwọ-oorun ati lẹhinna lọ si Kinshasa ni Democratic Republic of Congo fun awọn iwe-ẹkọ alakọbẹrẹ rẹ ni Roman Philology.<ref name=":0" /> O pari alefa oga rẹ ni ọdun 1972 ati oye PhD rẹ ni ọdun 1975 ni Ile-ẹkọ giga Indiana Bloomington.<ref name=":0" /> Lẹhinna o darapọ mọ University of Illori ni Nigeria.<ref name=":0" /> * == Iṣẹ ati iwadi == Ni ọdun 1986, Chumbow darapọ mọ ẹka ti Awọn ede Afirika ati Linguistics ni Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Yaounde I. Ni ọdun 1993, o jẹ igbakeji igbakeji ti Yunifasiti ti Buea. Lẹhinna o ṣiṣẹ bi rector ni University of Dschang, University of Ngaoundéré ati University of Yaounde I.<ref name=":0" /> O tun ni nkan ṣe pẹlu Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ilu Kamẹrika ti Awọn sáyẹnsì ati Igbimọ Iwadi Imọ-jinlẹ ti Afirika ati Innovation (ASRIC) - Ijọpọ Afirika.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://ictuniversity.org/personnel/prof-sammy-b-chumbow/ |access-date=2023-12-18 |archive-date=2023-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209023325/https://ictuniversity.org/personnel/prof-sammy-b-chumbow/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> O ni nkan ṣe pẹlu Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Awọn ede Afirika (ACALAN), ile-ẹkọ ti Ijọpọ Afirika.[3] O ti jẹ ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti Linguistic Society of America ati New York Academy of Sciences.<ref>https://www.univ-dschang.org/prof-beban-sammy-chumbow-outgoing-council-chair-of-uds/</ref> O ti ṣe atẹjade awọn nkan ati awọn iwe lori imọ-ede.<ref name=":1" /> == Awọn atẹjade ti a yan == * Chumbow, Sammy B. (2016). New Perspectives and Issues in Educational Language and Linguistics. * Chumbow, Sammy Beban (2018-05-30). Multilingualism and Bilingualism. London: BoD – Books on Demand   == Awọn itọkasi == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ojọ́ìbí ní 1943]] 81lc44od0e31ltr3iczm6yh3bagfkrn 0 75161 637126 633187 2026-09-17T03:33:43Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American aviator (1892–1926)}}{{pp-move-indef}} {{Use American English|date=June 2023}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2021}}{{Infobox person|name=Bessie Coleman|image=Bessie Coleman in 1923.jpg|caption=Coleman in 1923|birth_date={{birth date |1892|01|26|mf=yes}}|birth_place=[[Atlanta, Texas]], U.S.|death_date={{Death date and age|1926|04|30|1892|01|26|mf=yes}}|death_place=[[Jacksonville, Florida]], U.S.|death_cause=Plane crash|known_for=[[First African-American]] and female aviator|spouse={{marriage|Claude Glenn|1917|end=separated soon after<ref name="marri">{{cite web |author= Roni Morales|title= Bessie Coleman -Aviator|url=http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~txecm/bessie_coleman.htm|date=November 1, 2014 |publisher= [[Rootsweb]]|access-date=December 17, 2017}}</ref>}}|burial_place=[[Lincoln Cemetery (Cook County)|Lincoln Cemetery]], Cook County, Illinois}}'''Bessie Coleman''' (January 26, 1892{{spaced ndash}}April 30, 1926)<ref name=":3">{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Coleman|title=Bessie Coleman {{!}} American aviator|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=August 20, 2018|language=en}}</ref> ó jẹ́ [[Civil aviation|awakọ̀ òfurufú]] ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà tí ìgbà ìwáṣẹ̀. Ó jẹ́ obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ [[First African-American|ti Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀]] [[Pilot certification in the United States|tó gba ìwé-ìrìnnà awakọ̀-òfurufú]].<ref name="PBS">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX02.html|title=Bessie Coleman (1892–1926)|website=PBS.org|access-date=March 3, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326115727/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX02.html|archive-date=March 26, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Women in Aviation International">{{cite web|website=Women in Aviation International|title=Some Notable Women In Aviation History|url=http://www.wai.org/resources/history.cfm|access-date=April 10, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629144039/http://www.wai.org/resources/history.cfm|archive-date=June 29, 2016}}</ref><ref name="essence">{{cite web|url=https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/about/?cid=nrcs144p2_037528|title=Women in History: Bessie Coleman|last=Onkst|first=David H.|year=2016|website=Natural Resources Conservation Service Nevada|access-date=January 5, 2016|archive-date=February 16, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216203428/http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/about/?cid=nrcs144p2_037528|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="af">{{cite web|title=Fighter pilot takes inspiration to new heights|url=https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1478508/fighter-pilot-takes-inspiration-to-new-heights/|website=U.S. Air Force|access-date=July 14, 2019|date=March 28, 2018}}</ref> Ó ga ìwé-ìrìnnà náà lọ́wọ́ ''[[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale]]'' ní Ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dógún, Oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 1921,<ref name="Women in Aviation International" /><ref name="essence" /><ref name="phof">{{cite web|website=Women in Aviation International|title=Pioneer Hall of Fame|url=http://www.wai.org/pioneers/1995pioneers.cfm|access-date=April 10, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327073439/http://www.wai.org/resources/pioneers.cfm#1995|archive-date=March 27, 2008}}</ref> àti Ènìyàn dúdú àkọ́kọ́ tó gbà ìwé-ìrìnnà awakọ̀-òfurufú ti [[Pilot licensing and certification#History|international pilot's license]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Realizing the Dream of Flight: Biographical Essays in Honor of the Centennial of Flight, 1903–2003|last=Bix|first=Amy Sue|author-link=Amy Bix|date=2005|publisher=NASA|editor-last=Dawson|editor-first=Virginia Parker|pages=ix, 5|language=en-US|chapter=Bessie Coleman: Race and Gender Realities Behind Aviation Dreams|oclc=60826554|editor-last2=Bowles|editor-first2=Mark D.|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NpIpJI7nYV4C&q=%2226+January%22+%22male+or+female%22&pg=PA5}}</ref> A bí i sí ẹbí [[Sharecropper|àgbẹ̀-alárojẹ]] ní ìlú [[Texas]], Coleman sisẹ́ ní oko òwú nígbà èwe rẹ̀, ó sì tún ń lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Racial segregation in the United States|agboolé]] kékeré kan. Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga fún sáà kan ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Langston University]]. Ó ní ìfẹ́ sí ọkọ̀-Òfurufú láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀, Àwọn tí Amẹ́ríkà, àti àwọn o ìnrin kò ní ànfààní sí ẹ̀kọ́ wíwa ọkọ̀-òfuurufú ní orílè-èdè Amẹ́ríkà, nítorí náà, ó fowó pamọ́, ó sì gba ìrànwọ́ láti lọ sí orílè-èdè Faransé ní ìlú Chicago láti lọ kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ wíwa ọkọ̀-òfuurufú [[Flight training|.]] Ó wá di gbajúmọ̀ awakọ̀-òfuurufú ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà. "Queen Bess" ati "Brave Bessie" ni a mọ̀ ọ́ sí jù lọ,<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bessie-coleman|title=Bessie Coleman|website=National Women's History Museum|language=en|access-date=September 12, 2019}}</ref> ó sì ní ìrètí and dá ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn ọmọ Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀. Coleman kú ní ọdún 1926 nínú ìjàm̀bá ọkọ̀-òfuurufú. Ìwúrí ni ó jẹ́ fún gbogbo àwọn awakọ̀-òfuurufú tìgbà ìwáṣẹ̀ tó jẹ́ Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀ àti àwọn ọmọ abínibí ìlú Amẹ́ríkà gan-an. Elizabeth (or Bessie) Coleman<ref name="Slotkin">{{cite news|first=Daniel E.|last=Slotnik|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/11/obituaries/bessie-coleman-overlooked.html|title=Overlooked No More: Bessie Coleman, Pioneering African-American Aviatrix|newspaper=The New York Times|date=December 11, 2019|access-date=2022-05-30}}</ref> was born on January 26, 1892, in [[Atlanta, Texas|Atlanta]], [[Texas]],<ref name=":0" /> the tenth of 13 children of George Coleman, an African American who may have had [[Cherokee descent|Cherokee]] or [[Choctaw]] grandparents, and Susan Coleman, who was African American.<ref name="Texas_Takes_Wing">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=do4cAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA46|title=Texas Takes Wing: A Century of Flight in the Lone Star State|last=Ganson|first=Barbara|date=2014|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-75408-9|location=Austin, Texas|page=46}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hi9SAQAAIAAJ&q=Cherokee|title=Women Aviators: From Amelia Earhart to Sally Ride, Making History in Air and Space|last=Marck|first=Bernard|date=2009|publisher=Rizzoli International Publications|isbn=9782080301086|page=67|language=en}}</ref> Nine of the children survived childhood, which was typical for the time.<ref name="Texas_Takes_Wing" /> When Coleman was two years old, her family moved to [[Waxahachie, Texas|Waxahachie]], Texas, where they lived as [[sharecroppers]].<ref name=":1" /> Coleman began attending school in Waxahachie at the age of six. She walked four miles each day to her segregated, one-room school, where she loved to read and established herself as an outstanding math student.<ref name=":1" /> She completed her elementary education in that school.<ref name=":1" /> Every season, Coleman's routine of school, chores, and church was interrupted for her to participate in bringing in the cotton harvest. In 1901, George Coleman left his family. He moved to [[Oklahoma]], or [[Indian Territory]], as it was then called, to find better opportunities, but his wife and children did not follow. At the age of 12, Bessie was accepted into the Missionary Baptist Church School on scholarship. When she turned eighteen, she took her savings and enrolled in the Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University in Langston, Oklahoma (now called [[Langston University]]). She completed one term before her money ran out and she returned home.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcobq|title=Coleman, Bessie|website=The Handbook of Texas Online|last1=Morales|first1=Roni|publisher=Texas State History Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224053347/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcobq|archive-date=December 24, 2011|url-status=live|access-date=May 19, 2013|quote=Upon graduation from high school, she enrolled at the Colored Agricultural and Normal University (now Langston University) in Langston, Oklahoma. Financial difficulties, however, forced her to quit after one semester because she could not afford to attend another one.|date=February 25, 2020}}</ref> == Career == === Chicago === In 1915, at the age of 23, Coleman moved to [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], where she lived with her brothers. In Chicago, she worked as a [[manicurist]] at the White Sox Barber Shop, where she heard stories of flying during wartime from pilots returning home from [[World War I]]. She took a second job as a restaurant manager of a [[Chili con carne#Chili parlors|chili parlor]] to save money in hopes of becoming a pilot herself.{{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=159}} American flight schools of the time admitted neither women nor black people, so [[Robert S. Abbott]], founder and publisher of the ''[[Chicago Defender]]'' newspaper, encouraged her to study abroad.<ref name="PBS" /> Abbot publicized Coleman's quest in his newspaper and she received financial sponsorship from banker [[Jesse Binga]] and the ''Defender''.{{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=159}} === France === {{multiple image|total_width=480|image1=Coleman-licens.jpg|alt1=Bessie Coleman's aviation license issued on June 15, 1921|image2=Bessie Coleman, First African American Pilot - GPN-2004-00027.jpg|alt2=Bessie Coleman's photograph used in her aviation license issued on June 15, 1921|footer=Coleman's aviation license issued on June 15, 1921|align=|direction=|caption1=|caption2=}} Bessie Coleman took a French-language class at the [[Berlitz Language Schools]] in Chicago and then traveled to [[Paris]], France, on November 20, 1920, so that she could earn her pilot license. She learned to fly in a [[Nieuport 82|Nieuport 564]] biplane with "a steering system that consisted of a vertical stick the thickness of a [[baseball bat]] in front of the pilot and a [[Aircraft rudder|rudder]] bar under the pilot's feet."<ref name="rich">{{cite book|last=Rich|first=Doris|title=Queen Bess: Daredevil Aviator|pages=[https://archive.org/details/queenbessdaredev00rich/page/37 37, 47, 57, 109–111, 145]|location=Washington|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|year=1993|isbn=1-56098-265-9|url=https://archive.org/details/queenbessdaredev00rich/page/37}}</ref> On June 15, 1921, Coleman became the first black woman<ref name=":0" /> and first self-identified Native American<ref name="WoHiMu">{{cite web|author1=Kerri Lee Alexander|title=Bessie Coleman|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bessie-coleman|website=National Women's History Museum|access-date=November 14, 2019|language=en|date=2018}}</ref> to earn an aviation pilot's license and the first black person<ref name=":0" /> and first self-identified Native American<ref name="WoHiMu" /> to earn an international aviation license from the [[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale]].<ref name=":0" /> Determined to polish her skills, Coleman spent the next two months taking lessons from a French ace pilot near Paris and, in September 1921, she sailed for America. She became a media sensation when she returned to the United States. === Airshows === {{quote box|quoted=true|bgcolor=#F3F0FD|salign=right|quote=The air is the only place free from prejudices. I knew we had no aviators, neither men nor women, and I knew the Race needed to be represented along this most important line, so I thought it my duty to risk my life to learn aviation...|source=– Bessie Coleman<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blackhistorypages.net/pages/bcoleman.php |title=Bessie Coleman |website=Black History pages (BHP) |access-date=January 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170128063136/http://blackhistorypages.net/pages/bcoleman.php |archive-date=January 28, 2017 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref>|width=275px}}With the age of commercial flight still a decade or more in the future, Coleman quickly realized that in order to make a living as a civilian aviator she would have to become a "[[barnstorming]]" stunt flier, performing dangerous tricks in the air with the then-still-novel technology of airplanes for paying audiences. But, to succeed in this highly competitive arena, she would need advanced lessons and a more extensive repertoire. Returning to Chicago, she could not find anyone willing to teach her, so in February 1922, she sailed again for Europe.<ref name="rich" /> Coleman spent the next two months in France completing an advanced course in aviation. She then left for the [[Netherlands]] to meet with [[Anthony Fokker]], one of the world's most distinguished aircraft designers. She also traveled to Germany, where she visited the [[Fokker]] Corporation and received additional training from one of the company's chief pilots. She then returned to the United States to launch her career in exhibition flying.<ref name="rich" /> "Queen Bess", as she was known, was a highly popular draw for the next five years. Invited to important events and often interviewed by newspapers, she was admired by both blacks and whites. She primarily flew [[Curtiss JN-4 Jenny]] [[biplanes]] and other aircraft that had been army surplus aircraft left over from the war. She made her first appearance in an American [[airshow]] on September 3, 1922, at an event honoring veterans of the all-black [[369th Infantry Regiment (United States)|369th Infantry Regiment]] of [[World War I]]. Held at [[Roosevelt Field, New York|Curtiss Field]] on [[Long Island, New York|Long Island]] near New York City, and sponsored by her friend Abbott and the ''Chicago Defender'' newspaper, the show billed Coleman as "the world's greatest woman flier"<ref>{{cite news|last=Toth|first=Maria Lynn|date=February 10, 2001|url=http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|title=Daredevil of the Sky: The Bessie Coleman Story|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=February 24, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105072047/http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|archive-date=November 5, 2012|archivedate=November 5, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105072047/http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|deadurl=yes}}</ref> and featured aerial displays by eight other American ace pilots, and a jump by black parachutist [[Hubert Julian]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/102813794/negress-pilots-airplane/|title=Negress Pilots Airplane: Bessie Coleman Makes Three Flights for Fifteenth Infantry|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 4, 1922|page=9|access-date=2022-05-30|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Six weeks later, Coleman returned to Chicago, performing in an air show, this time to honor World War I's [[370th Infantry Regiment (United States)|370th Infantry Regiment]]. She delivered a stunning demonstration of daredevil maneuvers{{snd}}including figure eights, loops, and near-ground dips to a large and enthusiastic crowd at the Checkerboard Airdrome – now the grounds of Hines Veterans Administration Medical Center, [[Hines, Illinois|Hines]], Illinois, Loyola Hospital, Maywood, and nearby [[Forest Preserve District of Cook County|Cook County Forest Preserve]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1483.html|title=Bessie Coleman: Pioneer Chicago Aviator|last=Keating|first=Ann Durkin|date=2005|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Chicago|access-date=February 28, 2017}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024020309/http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1483.html |date=October 24, 2017 }}</ref> The thrill of stunt flying and the admiration of cheering crowds were only part of Coleman's dream. Coleman never lost sight of her childhood vow to one day "amount to something". As a professional aviator, Coleman often would be criticized by the press for her opportunistic nature and the flamboyant style she brought to her exhibition flying. She also quickly gained a reputation as a skilled and daring pilot who would stop at nothing to complete a difficult stunt. In [[Los Angeles]], she broke a leg and three ribs when her plane stalled and crashed on February 22, 1923.<ref name=":2" /> [[Fáìlì:Bessie_Coleman_and_her_plane_(1922).jpg|thumb|Bessie Coleman, c. 1922]] Committed to promoting aviation and combating racism, Coleman spoke to audiences across the country about the pursuit of aviation and goals for African Americans. She absolutely refused to participate in aviation events that prohibited the attendance of African Americans.{{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=162}} In the 1920s, she met the Rev. Hezakiah Hill and his wife Viola on a speaking tour in [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], [[Florida]]. The community activists invited her to stay with them at the parsonage of Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church on Washington Street in the neighborhood of [[Parramore]]. A local street was renamed "Bessie Coleman" Street in her honor in 2013. The couple, who treated her as a daughter, persuaded her to stay, and Coleman opened a beauty shop in Orlando to earn extra money to buy her own plane.<ref name="os">{{cite news|url=http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange/os-black-pilot-bessie-coleman-orlando-20150131-story.html|title=Orlando renames street in honor of black 'daredevil aviatrix'|first=Stephen|last=Hudak|date=January 31, 2015|newspaper=[[Orlando Sentinel]]}}</ref> Through her media contacts, she was offered a role in a feature-length film titled ''Shadow and Sunshine'', to be financed by the African American Seminole Film Producing Company. She gladly accepted, hoping the publicity would help to advance her career and provide her with some of the money she needed to establish her own flying school. But upon learning that the first scene in the movie required her to appear in tattered clothes, with a walking-stick and a pack on her back, she refused to proceed. "Clearly ... [Bessie's] walking off the movie set was a statement of principle. Opportunist though she was about her career, she was never an opportunist about race. She had no intention of perpetuating the derogatory image most whites had of most blacks," wrote Doris Rich.<ref name="rich" />{{quote box|quoted=true|bgcolor=#F3F0FD|salign=right|quote=It's tempting to draw parallels between me and Ms. Coleman . . .[but] I point to Bessie Coleman and say here is a woman, a being, who exemplifies and serves as a model for all humanity, the very definition of strength, dignity, courage, integrity, and beauty.|source=– [[Mae Jemison]] (first African-American<br /> woman astronaut){{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=163}}|align=right|width=275px}} == Legacy == Coleman would not live long enough to establish a school for young black aviators, but her pioneering achievements served as an inspiration for a generation of African-American men and women. "Because of Bessie Coleman," wrote Lieutenant [[William J. Powell]] in ''Black Wings'' (1934), dedicated to Coleman, "we have overcome that which was worse than racial barriers. We have overcome the barriers within ourselves and dared to dream."<ref>{{cite book|last=Powell|first=William J.|title=Black Wings|location=Los Angeles|publisher=Ivan Deach, Jr.|year=1934|oclc=3261929}}</ref> Powell served in a segregated unit during [[World War I]], and tirelessly promoted the cause of black aviation through his book, his journals, and the Bessie Coleman Aero Club, which he founded in 1929.<ref>{{cite book|last=Broadnax|first=Samuel L.|title=Blue Skies, Black Wings: African American Pioneers of Aviation|url=https://archive.org/details/blueskiesblackwi0000broa|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/blueskiesblackwi0000broa/page/17 17]|location=Westport, CT|publisher=Praeger|year=2007|isbn=978-0-275-99195-1}}</ref><ref name="rich" /> Coleman's example proved an inspiration for a number of pioneers in aeronautics and eventually astronautics, including [[John Robinson (aviator)|John Robinson]], [[Cornelius Coffey]], [[Willa Brown]], [[Janet Harmon Bragg]], [[Robert H. Lawrence Jr.]], and [[Mae Jemison]].<ref name="Nettles">{{Cite news|last=Nettles|first=Arionne|date=2023-12-14|title=The first Black-owned airport in the U.S. was in Robbins, Illinois|language=en|work=WBEZ|url=https://www.wbez.org/stories/the-history-of-robbins-airport-in-illinois/a2c37d08-ca8d-4b5b-8c22-e0958e65beec|access-date=2023-12-15}}</ref> == Death == [[Fáìlì:Grave_of_Bessie_Coleman_(1892–1926)_at_Lincoln_Cemetery,_Blue_Island,_IL_1.jpg|right|thumb|219x219px|Coleman's grave at [[Lincoln Cemetery (Cook County)|Lincoln Cemetery]], near Chicago]] On April 30, 1926, Coleman was in [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]], Florida. She had recently purchased a Curtiss JN-4 (Jenny) in [[Dallas]]. Her mechanic and publicity agent, 24-year-old William D. Wills, flew the plane from Dallas in preparation for an airshow and had to make three [[Emergency landing|forced landings]] along the way because the plane had been so poorly maintained.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biography.yourdictionary.com/bessie-coleman|title=Bessie Coleman Facts|work=yourdictionary.com|access-date=November 15, 2013|archive-date=January 5, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105015807/http://biography.yourdictionary.com/bessie-coleman|url-status=dead}}</ref> Upon learning this, Coleman's friends and family did not consider the aircraft safe and implored her not to fly it, but she refused. On take-off, Wills was flying the plane with Coleman in the other seat. She was planning a parachute jump for the next day, and wanted to examine the terrain as seen from the cockpit.<ref name="Slotkin" /> About ten minutes into the flight, the plane unexpectedly went into a [[Dive (aviation)|dive]] and then a [[Spin (flight)|spin]] at 3,000 feet above the ground. Coleman was thrown from the plane at {{convert|2000|ft|m|abbr=on}}, and was killed instantly when she hit the ground. Wills was unable to regain control of the plane, and it plummeted to the ground. He died upon impact. The plane exploded, bursting into flames. Although the wreckage of the plane was badly burned, it was later discovered that a wrench used to service the engine had jammed the controls. Coleman was 34 years old.<ref name="rich" /> Funeral services were held in Florida, before her body was sent back to Chicago. While there was little mention in most media, news of her death was widely carried in the [[African-American newspapers|African-American press]]. Ten thousand mourners attended her ceremonies in Chicago, which were led by activist [[Ida B. Wells]].<ref name="Slotkin" /> == Àwọn Àmì-Ẹ̀yẹ Rẹ̀ == [[Fáìlì:2023_Bessie_Coleman_Womens_Quarter.jpg|thumb|In 2023 Coleman was honored in the [[American Women quarters]] series]] * [[Atlanta, Texas]], has a Regional History Museum which displays a downscale reproduction version of Bessie Coleman's yellow bi-plane "Queen Bess." The museum display also includes a uniform and other memorabilia regarding the life and times of Bessie Coleman. Outside the regional history museum is a Texas Historical Marker located at 101 N. East Street in Historic Downtown, Atlanta. The road to the Hall-Miller Municipal Airport in Atlanta is named Bessie Coleman Drive in her honor. * A public library in Chicago was named in Coleman's honor,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chipublib.org/about-coleman-branch/|title=About Coleman Branch|work=Chicago Public Library|access-date=February 28, 2017}}</ref> as are roads at [[O'Hare International Airport]] in Chicago,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/320340442|title=Bessie Coleman Drive, Chicago|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> [[Oakland International Airport]] in California,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/53790862|title=Bessie Coleman Drive, Alameda|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> [[Tampa International Airport]] in Florida,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/147380733|title=Bessie Coleman Boulevard, Tampa|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> and at Germany's [[Frankfurt International Airport]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/38767016|title=Bessie-Coleman-Straße, Frankfurt|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> A memorial plaque has been placed by the [[Chicago Cultural Center]] at the location of her former home, 41st and King Drive in Chicago, and it is a tradition for African-American aviators to drop flowers during flyovers of her grave at [[Lincoln Cemetery (Cook County)|Lincoln Cemetery]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribute.org/Markers/Coleman.htm|title=Markers of Distinction: Bessie Coleman|website=Chicago Tribute|publisher=City of Chicago, Chicago Cultural Center|access-date=March 27, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214113847/http://chicagotribute.org/Markers/Coleman.htm|archive-date=February 14, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> * A roundabout leading to [[Nice Airport]] in the South of France was named after Coleman in March 2016, and there are streets in [[Poitiers]], and the [[20th arrondissement of Paris|20th Arrondissement of Paris]] also named after her.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/39350488|title=Rue Bessie Coleman, Poitiers|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/178064306|title=Rue Bessie Coleman, Paris|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> * Bessie Coleman Middle School in [[Cedar Hill, Texas]], is named for her. * Bessie Coleman Boulevard in Waxahachie, Texas, where she lived as a child is named in her honor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/60856796|title=Bessie Coleman Boulevard, Waxahachie|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> * B. Coleman Aviation, a [[fixed-base operator]] based at [[Gary/Chicago International Airport]], is named in her honor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.b-coleman.com/about/|title=About|website=B. Coleman Aviation|access-date=May 21, 2014}}</ref> * Several Bessie Coleman Scholarship Awards have been established for high school seniors planning careers in aviation. * The U.S. Postal Service issued a 32-cent stamp honoring Coleman in 1995.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stamp Series|website=United States Postal Service|url=http://beyondtheperf.com/stamp-series|access-date=September 9, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810160707/http://beyondtheperf.com/stamp-series|archive-date=August 10, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://usstampgallery.com/view.php?id=b30836d8dce06d547fbb3f470f8c46c0929fd64c|first1=Richard L.|last1=Sine|first2=Jonathan|last2=Galpin|title=Bessie Coleman|website=US Stamp Gallery.com|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> The Bessie Coleman Commemorative is the 18th in the U.S. Postal Service Black Heritage series. * In 2001, Coleman was inducted into the [[National Women's Hall of Fame]].<ref>[https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/bessie-coleman/ "Bessie Coleman"], National Women's Hall of Fame.</ref> * In 2006, Coleman was inducted into the [[National Aviation Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/coleman-bessie/|title=Coleman, Bessie|website=[[National Aviation Hall of Fame]]|access-date=October 13, 2017|archive-date=November 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130215808/http://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/coleman-bessie/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * In 2012, a bronze plaque with Coleman's likeness was installed on the front doors of [[Paxon School for Advanced Studies]] located on the site of the Jacksonville airfield where Coleman's fatal flight took off.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Soergel|first=Matt|date=October 28, 2013|title=Looking to honor the daring 'Queen Bess'|newspaper=The Florida Times-Union|page=A-4}}</ref> * Coleman was honored with a toy character in season 5, episode 11a of the children's animated television program ''[[Doc McStuffins]]''. * Coleman was placed No. 14 on ''[[Flying (magazine)|Flying]]''{{'}}s 2013 list of the "51 Heroes of Aviation".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.flyingmag.com/photo-gallery/photos/51-heroes-aviation?pnid=41841|title=51 Heroes of Aviation|magazine=Flying|date=July 24, 2013|access-date=January 5, 2024|archivedate=September 21, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921041827/https://www.flyingmag.com/photo-gallery/photos/51-heroes-aviation/?pnid=41841|deadurl=yes}}</ref> * In 2014, Coleman was inducted into the [[International Air & Space Hall of Fame]] at the [[San Diego Air & Space Museum]].<ref>Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor. ''These We Honor: The International Aerospace Hall of Fame''. Donning Co. Publishers, 2006. {{ISBN|978-1-57864-397-4}}.</ref> * On January 25, 2015, Orlando renamed West Washington Street to recognize the street's most accomplished resident.<ref name="os" /> * On January 26, 2017,<ref>{{Citation|title=Bessie Coleman's 125th Birthday|url=http://www.google.com/logos/doodles/2017/bessie-colemans-125th-birthday-5751652702224384-hp2x.gif|website=google.com|language=en|access-date=2023-01-25}}</ref> the 125th anniversary of her birth, a [[Google Doodle]] was posted in her honor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/01/bessie-coleman-matter-170126114158228.html|title=Who was Bessie Coleman and why does she still matter?|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Media Network|AlJazeera]]|date=January 26, 2017}}</ref> * In December 2019, ''[[The New York Times]]'' featured Coleman in their [[Overlooked (obituary feature)]]: "Bessie Coleman, Pioneering African-American Aviatrix"<ref name="Slotkin" /> * In 2021, when [[Juneteenth]] became a federal holiday, a flyover was held in Colorado to honor both her and the new holiday.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-06-19|title=US comes together to mark Juneteenth after recognizing it as federal holiday|first=Victoria|last=Bekiempis|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jun/19/us-juneteenth-mark-celebrations-federal-holiday|access-date=2021-06-19|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|language=en}}</ref> * In 2021, the [[International Astronomical Union]] named a mountain (and possible volcano) on [[Pluto]], ''Coleman Mons'', in her honor. It is located on the edge of the heart-shaped ''[[Tombaugh Regio]].''<ref>{{Cite web|last=JHUAPL|title=Great Exploration Revisited: New Horizons at Pluto and Charon|url=http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/News-Article.php?page=20211025|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-26|website=New Horizons|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025222431/http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/News-Article.php?page=20211025|archive-date=October 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Talbert|first=Tricia|date=2021-10-25|title=Pluto Landmarks Named for Aviation Pioneers Ride and Coleman|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/pluto-landmarks-named-for-aviation-pioneers-sally-ride-and-bessie-coleman|access-date=2021-10-26|website=NASA}}</ref> * To commemorate the 100th anniversary of Coleman earning her flying license, in August 2022, American Airlines flew a commemorative flight from "Dallas-Fort Worth to Phoenix. The flight was operated by an all-Black Female crew — from the pilots and Flight Attendants to the Cargo team members and the aviation maintenance technician."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.aa.com/news/news-details/2022/Empowering-Women-in-the-Skies-ID-BK-08/default.aspx|title=Empowering Women in the Skies|website=American Airlines News|date=August 19, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bessie-coleman-all-black-female-american-airlines-crew/|title=Bessie Coleman, first African American woman to earn a pilot's license, honored by All-Black, female airline crew|first=Kris|last=Van Cleave|date=August 17, 2022|website=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> * Coleman was honored on an [[American Women quarters|American Women quarter]] in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=United States Mint Announces 2023 American Women Quarters™ Program Honorees|url=https://www.usmint.gov/news/press-releases/united-states-mint-announces-2023-american-women-quarters-program-honorees|date=March 30, 2022|access-date=2022-03-31|publisher=U.S. Mint}}</ref> * Bessie Coleman Elementary School in [[Corvallis, Oregon]], is named after her.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-04-16|title=What's in a School Rename: Life, Legacy of Bessie Coleman|url=https://www.corvallisadvocate.com/2022/whats-in-a-school-rename-life-legacy-of-bessie-coleman/|access-date=2022-09-07|website=The Corvallis Advocate|language=en-US}}</ref> * In 2023, [[Mattel]] added a Bessie Coleman [[Barbie|Barbie doll]] to its "Inspiring Women" series.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bessie Coleman, pioneering pilot, now has her own Barbie|website=MSN|date=January 24, 2023|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/bessie-coleman-pioneering-pilot-now-has-her-own-barbie/ar-AA16Khq1|access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref> * In 2023, ''The Flight'', a play inspired by Bessie Coleman, debuted at the [[Factory Theatre]], written and starring [[Beryl Bain]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wild|first=Stephi|title=World Premiere of THE FLIGHT Comes to Factory Theatre|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/toronto/article/World-Premiere-of-THE-FLIGHT-Comes-to-Factory-Theatre-20230124|date=January 24, 2023|access-date=2023-02-15|website=BroadwayWorld.com|language=en}}</ref> == Tún wo èyí == {{Portal|United States|Biography}} * [[List of firsts in aviation]] * [[Eugene Bullard]], the first African-American to earn a pilot's license * [[Leah Hing]], first [[Chinese American]] woman to earn a pilot's license * [[Mae Jemison]], the first African-American female astronaut in space; she carried a picture of Bessie Coleman with her on her first mission * [[Military history of African Americans]] * [[Azellia White]], the first African-American woman to earn a pilot's license in Texas == Àwọn Ìwé-Ìtọ́kasí == === Àwọn Àyọlò === {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} === Àmúlò Iṣẹ́ === * {{Cite journal|last=Creasman|first=Kim|date=1997|title=Black Birds in the Sky: The Legacies of Bessie Coleman and Dr. Mae Jemison|journal=The Journal of Negro History|language=en|volume=82|issue=1|pages=159–163|doi=10.2307/2717501|issn=0022-2992|jstor=2717501|s2cid=141029557}} == Àfikún Ohun Kíkà == * {{cite journal|last=King|first=Anita|title=Brave Bessie: First Black Pilot|series=Parts 1 & 2 (May, June)|journal=Essence Magazine|date=1976}} * {{cite book|last=Bilstein|first=Roger|title=Aviation in Texas|url=https://archive.org/details/aviationintexas0000bils|location=Austin|publisher=Texas Monthly Press|date=1985|isbn=9780932012951}} * {{cite book|last=Freydberg|first=Elizabeth Hadley|title=Bessie Coleman: The Brownskin Lady Bird|url=https://archive.org/details/bessiecolemanbro0000frey|publisher=Garland|date=1994|isbn=9780815314615}} * {{cite book|last=Fisher|first=Lillian M.|title=Brave Bessie: Flying Free|publisher=Hencrick-Long|date=1995|isbn=9780937460948|url=https://archive.org/details/bravebessieflyin0000fish}} * {{cite book|last=Hart|first=Philip S.|title=Up in the Air: The Story of Bessie Coleman|publisher=First Avenue Editions|date=1996|series=Trailblazer Biographies|isbn=978-0876149782|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/upinairstoryofbe0000hart}} * {{cite book|last=Johnson|first=Dolores|title=She Dared to Fly: Bessie Coleman|location=New York|publisher=Benchmark Books|date=1997|isbn=978-0761404873|url=https://archive.org/details/shedaredtoflybes0000john}} * {{cite book|last=Plantz|first=Connie|title=Bessie Coleman: First Black Woman Pilot|url=https://archive.org/details/bessiecolemanfir0000plan|publisher=Enslow Publishers|date=2001|asin=B01K3N5GUM|series=African-American Biographies}} * {{cite book|first=John R.|last=Holway|date=2012|title=Bessie Coleman: Pioneering Black Woman Aviator|isbn=9780985738914}} == Àwọn Àsopọ̀ Tìta == {{Commons category|Bessie Coleman}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.bessiecoleman.com/|title=Bessie Coleman|first=Lynne|last=Spivey|department=bessiecoleman.com|publisher=Atlanta Historical Museum}}<!-- Verified, see:<ref>{{cite news |url=http://atlantacitizensjournal.com/articles/2017/01/26/remembering-bessie-coleman-0 |title=Remembering Bessie Coleman |newspaper=Atlanta Citizens Journal |date=January 26, 2017 |quote=Lynne Spivey, former Atlanta City Development Corporation executive director and founder of the Atlanta Historical Museum}}</ref> --> * {{cite web|url=http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?MarkerID=4848|title=Bessie Coleman|publisher=Texas Historical Commission|website=Historical Marker Database (HMdb)|date=2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927204800/http://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=13782|archive-date=September 27, 2016}} {{coord|33|6.848|N|94|9.931|W|type:landmark|display=inline|name=Bessie Coleman historical marker}} * Video: ** {{YouTube|wckEiKzCBqc|''The First Female African American Pilot'' (January 4, 2012) Smithsonian channel}} {{National Women's Hall of Fame}} {{Authority control}} {{igbesiaye|1892|1926|Coleman, Bessie}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]] qthhf62yjwpymiaodcn5qj3z7xegivu 0 77721 637120 613946 2026-09-17T02:54:42Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637120 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:en:Lagos|Lagos]] ilu ti o tobi julo ni ile Naijiria,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-08-01|title=Biggest Cities In Nigeria|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/biggest-cities-in-nigeria.html|access-date=2024-12-07|website=WorldAtlas|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-12-04|title=Lagos {{!}} Nigeria, City, Population, & History {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Lagos-Nigeria|access-date=2024-12-07|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> ati okan ninu awon ilu nla ti o gbajumo julo ni ile adulawo,<ref>{{Cite web|last=admin|date=2020-09-19|title=Top 25 Largest and Fastest Growing Cities in Africa - City Population|url=https://www.istanbulafrica.com/top-25-largest-and-fastest-growing-cities-in-africa/|access-date=2024-12-07|website=Istanbul Africa Trade Company|language=en-US}}</ref> pelu eniyan ti o le ni milionu merindinlogun ,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lagos, Nigeria Metro Area Population 1950-2024|url=https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/22007/lagos/population#:~:text=The%20current%20metro%20area%20population,a%203.54%25%20increase%20from%202021.|access-date=2024-12-18|website=www.macrotrends.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lagos, Nigeria Population 2024|url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/cities/nigeria/lagos|access-date=2024-12-18|website=worldpopulationreview.com}}</ref> o si je ilu ti o n dagba sii ti o si ni orisirisi ibi asa, ise ona ati ise isuna. O je akojopo orisirisi asa ti o ni owo ise Yoruba ninu pelu ogun alawo funfun ati ti igbalode. Ilu yii ni a mo kaakiri gege bii ibi ti o maa n ni iwa ati ise igbalode loorekoore ti o si ma je aarin gungun asa ati ise tuntun ni ile adulawo.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Brief|first=The Creative|title=These 7 Cities Are Africa's Top Creative Hubs|url=https://www.thecreativebrief.africa/p/these-7-cities-are-africas-top-creative-589|access-date=2024-12-07|website=www.thecreativebrief.africa|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-22|title=Lagos|url=https://worldcitiescultureforum.com/city/lagos/|access-date=2024-12-07|website=World Cities Culture Forum|language=en-GB|archive-date=2024-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207235223/https://worldcitiescultureforum.com/city/lagos/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> It is central to the continent's booming film industry; [[:en:Nollywood|Nollywood]], ranked second largest films industry globally in terms of output,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-05-05|title=Nigeria surpasses Hollywood as world's second largest film producer – UN {{!}} UN News|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2009/05/299102-nigeria-surpasses-hollywood-worlds-second-largest-film-producer-un|access-date=2024-12-07|website=news.un.org|language=en|archive-date=2020-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028065354/https://news.un.org/en/story/2009/05/299102-nigeria-surpasses-hollywood-worlds-second-largest-film-producer-un|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bright|first=Jake|title=Meet 'Nollywood': The second largest movie industry in the world|url=https://fortune.com/2015/06/24/nollywood-movie-industry/|access-date=2024-12-07|website=Fortune|language=en}}</ref> and is Nigeria hotspot for Hip-hop, a genre that has produced famous stars who have gained international recognition.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-22|title=From Accra To Nairobi: These Cities Are Africa's Top Creative Hubs - Africa.com|url=https://www.africa.com/from-accra-to-nairobi-these-cities-are-africas-top-creative-hubs/|access-date=2024-12-07|website=www.africa.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Lagos holds a special place in the history of [[:en:Afrobeat|Afrobeat]], being home to legends such as [[:en:Fela_Kuti|Fela Kútì]] recognised as the innovator of Afrobeat, whose politically charged music revolutionised African soundscapes,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-11-23|title=Fela Kuti {{!}} Afrobeat Pioneer, Nigerian Activist {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fela-Kuti#:~:text=Fela%20Kuti%20(born%20October%2015,funk%20with%20traditional%20Yoruba%20music.|access-date=2024-12-07|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Afrobeat Music Genre History and Style Description{{!}} African Music Library|url=https://www.africanmusiclibrary.org/genre/Afrobeat|access-date=2024-12-07|website=africanmusiclibrary.org}}</ref> and [[:en:King_Sunny_Adé|King Sunny Ade]], the maestro of [[:en:Jùjú_music|juju music]] whose musical career began in Lagos.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-09-24|title=Sunny Ade: Accolades for juju maestro at 70 - Daily Trust|url=https://dailytrust.com/sunny-ade-accolades-for-juju-maestro-at-70/|access-date=2024-12-07|website=daily trust|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208010321/https://dailytrust.com/sunny-ade-accolades-for-juju-maestro-at-70/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Lagos is home to a burgeon arts scene, with numerous galleries, theatres, and music venues. Public celebration and festival such as the [[:en:Eyo_festival|Eyo festival]]; a centuries old cultural procession and modern celebrations like Lagos Music Festival, [[:en:Lagos_Book_and_Art_Festival|Lagos Book and Art Festival]], [[:en:Lagos_Black_Heritage_Festival|Lagos Black Heritage Festival]], contribute to it cultural reputation which draws both local and international audiences.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rebirth of Cultural Diversity at Lagos Cultural Extravaganza – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/06/25/rebirth-of-cultural-diversity-at-lagos-cultural-extravaganza/|access-date=2024-12-07|website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kan|first=Toni|date=2019-10-27|title=Lagos Book & Art Festival, (LABAF) set for November 4-10, 2019|url=https://thelagosreview.ng/lagos-book-art-festival-labaf-set-for-november-4-10-2019-2/|access-date=2024-12-18|website=The Lagos Review|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F10uAQAAIAAJ&q=Lagos+Black+heritage+festival|title=Tell|date=2002|publisher=Tell Communications Limited|language=en}}</ref> With a rich history that traces back to its early settlers, colonial interactions, and subsequent transformation into a global megacity, Lagos showcases a unique blend of the old and the new. Its busy streets, competed markets, and iconic landmarks like the National Museum and Onikan cultural district are complemented by its growing cultural infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web|last=lanlokunolayinka|date=2024-10-20|title=Lagos: The Rich History And Vibrant Culture Of Nigeria's Largest City|url=https://www.discoverlagos.ng/post/lagos-the-rich-history-and-vibrant-culture-of-nigeria-s-largest-city|access-date=2024-12-07|website=Discover Lagos|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Culture & Tourism|url=https://nigeriaembassygermany.org/Culture---Tourism.htm|access-date=2024-12-07|website=nigeriaembassygermany.org}}</ref> == Lagos State Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture == {{Main|Lagos State Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture}} {{See also|Lagos State Ministry of Home Affairs and Culture|Tourist attractions in Lagos}} [[:en:Lagos_State_Ministry_of_Tourism,_Arts_and_Culture|Lagos State Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture]] Initially established as a department under the Ministry of Home Affairs has evolved significantly since its inception in 1995, becoming a crucial component of the state's economy and cultural identity. Following the rebranding as the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture in 2015 the ministry has expanded its mandate to include the promotion of cultural heritage, tourism infrastructure, and arts.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tourism, Arts & Culture - Lagos State Government|url=https://tourismartandculture.lagosstate.gov.ng/|access-date=2024-12-12|website=Tourism, Arts & Culture - Lagos State Government|archive-date=2022-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220917093405/https://tourismartandculture.lagosstate.gov.ng/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> A bedrock of its strategy is the Lagos Cultural Mission Initiative, designed to showcase Lagos' rich cultural heritage on the global stage, attract international partnerships, and drive year-round tourism.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Anyanwu|first=Samuel|date=2024-11-02|title=The Honourable Minister of Arts, Culture, Tourism, and Creative Economy (FMACTCE), Barr. Hannatu Musa Musawa, and Stakeholders Unite to Validate Nigeria's National Tourism Policy for a Vibrant Future in Tourism|url=https://fmino.gov.ng/the-honourable-minister-of-arts-culture-tourism-and-creative-economy-fmactce-barr-hannatu-musa-musawa-and-stakeholders-unite-to-validate-nigerias-national-tourism-policy-for-a-vibrant-future/|access-date=2024-12-09|website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation|language=en-US}}</ref> with significant investments in developing local tourism sites, and projects like Film Villages and Musical Concert Arenas, to enhance domestic tourism and reduce the outflow of Nigerians traveling abroad for recreation.<ref>{{Cite web|last=franknews|date=2020-09-24|title=Lagos State Ministry of Tourism, Culture to develop local tourism sites|url=https://nigerianfranknewsng.com/2020/09/24/lagos-state-ministry-of-tourism-culture-to-develop-local-tourism-sites/|access-date=2024-12-09|website=Nigerian Frank News|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tourism now contributes to Lagos State’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), accounting for 10% of the state's economy as at 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-09-29|title=Tourism Sector Currently Bringing N4.1trn To Lagos GDP – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/tourism-sector-currently-bringing-n4-1trn-to-lagos-gdp/|access-date=2024-12-09|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-09-28|title=Tourism Contributes N4.1 Trillion to Lagos Economy Annually – Monarch|url=https://themeteor.ng/2024/09/28/tourism-contributes-n4-1-trillion-to-lagos-economy-annually-monarch/|access-date=2024-12-09|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241229003116/https://themeteor.ng/2024/09/28/tourism-contributes-n4-1-trillion-to-lagos-economy-annually-monarch/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Arts == kp96tntzgn8nso6tcux0srfmw3x4obg 0 79928 637134 620070 2026-09-17T06:45:42Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Ọ̀já orí ìbílẹ̀ fún àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá}} {{pp|small=yes}} '''Gèlè''' jẹ́ [[head tie|ọ̀já orí]] tàbí [[headgear|ìbòrí]] ìbílẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ mọ́ àṣà àwọn [[Yoruba people|Yorùbá]] ní Nàìjíríà, Benin, àti Togo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Iwalaiye |first=Temi |date=2021-11-17 |title=The significance of a gele in traditional attires |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/the-significance-of-a-gele-in-traditional-attires/pwef9pw |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=Pulse Nigeria }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gèlè máa ń wá pẹ̀lú oríṣiríṣi ìrísí àti ọnà tó jẹ́ pàtó. Wọ́n máa ń wé e pẹ̀lú àwọn [[Yoruba women's clothing|aṣọ àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá]] mìíràn, bíi Ìró àti Bùbá, Kọ̀mọ́lẹ̀, àti [[Aso ebi|Aṣọ-ẹbí]]. [[File:Funmia.JPG|thumb|Olóṣèlú ọmọ Yorùbá ní Nàìjíríà [[Funmilayo Olayinka]] tí ó wé Gèlè]] Ó jẹ́ aṣọ tí a máa ń di tàbí wé mọ́ orí àwọn obìnrin [[Yoruba people|Yorùbá]], tí wọ́n sì ń lò fún oge ṣíṣe àti níbi àwọn ayẹyẹ pàtàkì.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Akinde |first=Toyin |last2=Tijani |first2=Aminat O. |last3=Akintonde |first3=Moses A. |last4=Eyinade |first4=Adedapo S. |date=2022-12-21 |title=Yoruba Contemporary Gele: A Stylistic Appraisal |url=https://lamintang.org/journal/index.php/ij-humass/article/view/430 |journal=International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=79–88 |doi=10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0502.430 |issn=2685-2322|doi-access=free }}</ref> Àwọn ẹ̀yà mìíràn ní [[Nigerians|Nàìjíríà]] àti nínú [[Africa|Áfíríkà]] ti gba àṣà yìí lò nípasẹ̀ ìgbàlódé àti ìfarakóra. Gèlè tún wà ní oní-wíwọ̀-lẹ́ẹ̀kan (ready-to-wear) tí wọ́n ń pè ní Auto-Gele, èyí tí [[Funmi Olurinola]] ṣe àdáṣe rẹ̀, tí a lè rà kí a má bàa máa wé gèlè ní gbogbo ìgbà tí a bá fẹ́ lò ó. Wọ́n máa ń dé Auto-Gele bíi fìlà, ṣùgbọ́n ó máa ń rí gẹ́gẹ́ bíi gèlè àtọwọ́wé lásán.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Olagunju |first=David |date=2019-07-06 |title=Auto Gele: The revolution of the traditional head tie |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/auto-gele-the-revolution-of-the-traditional-head-tie/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Grace |first=Ihesiulo |date=2020-07-09 |title=From Tradition to Trend: How the Autogele Became a Global Fashion Staple (2020) |url=https://dailytimesng.com/from-tradition-to-trend-how-the-autogele-became-a-global-fashion-staple-2020/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=DAILY TIMES Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> Gèlè ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọnà àti ìrísí: àwọn kan gùn tí wọ́n sì fẹ̀, àwọn kan wà ní pẹ́pẹ́, àwọn kan tẹ́rẹ́ bíi abẹ̀bẹ̀, nígbà tí àwọn mìíràn kọ́jọ pọ̀.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Segun Gele: Master of Nigeria's gravity-defying headgear - CNN.com |url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/africa/07/16/segun.gele.nigeria.headgear/index.html |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=www.cnn.com |language=en}}</ref> Oríṣiríṣi aṣọ ni wọ́n fi ń hun gèlè, lára wọn ni [[Aso-oke|Aṣọ-òkè]], [[Adire (textile art)|Àdìrẹ]], [[Aso Olona|Aṣọ-olónà]], Damask, Brocade, Sego, [[Seghosen]], àti Jáwú.<ref>{{Cite web |last=David |date=2016-12-19 |title=Yoruba Head Wrap (Gele) |url=https://www.ileoduduwa.com/yoruba-head-wrap-gele/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=IleOduduwa.com the Source |language=en-US}}</ref> Àwọn irúfẹ́ ìbòrí tàbí aṣọ orí mìíràn nínú àṣà Yorùbá tí kì í ṣe gèlè ni Ìbòrí (head scarf) àti Ìbòrùn (shawl); gbogbo àwọn wọ̀nyí yàtọ̀ gedegbe sí gèlè fúnra rẹ̀.<ref>{{Cite journal | title = Sustainability in Ojude-Oba dress tradition and tourism | last1 = Diyaolu | first1 = I. J. | last2 = Akinwumi | first2 = T. M. | last3 = Adubi | first3 = K. O. | last4 = Bakare | first4 = K. O.| journal = Cogent Arts & Humanities | volume = 10 | issue = 1 | date = 2023 | doi = 10.1080/23311983.2023.2228030}}</ref> == Àwòrán == <gallery widths="150" heights="200"> File:IMG-20230221-WA0011.jpg|Obìnrin Yorùbá pẹ̀lú Gèlè File:IMG-20230221-WA0009.jpg|Obìnrin Yorùbá nínú ọnà Gèlè File:IMG-20230221-WA0012.jpg|Obìnrin Yorùbá pẹ̀lú Gèlè File:The youruba gele "head scarf".jpg|Gèlè File:Nigerian woman in a buba blouse and the gele headtie2.jpg|Gèlè File:Omo Yoruba.jpg|Gèlè File:Executive mothers club at Ijakadi festival 2025 32.jpg|Gèlè </gallery> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{reflist}} [[Category:Àṣà Yorùbá]] [[Category:Ìbòrí]] [[Category:Aṣọ Áfíríkà]] [[Category:Ọ̀já orí]] lhxslmxyesidex8y9t2tb2xgs6hv4la 0 81847 637109 631927 2026-09-17T01:00:23Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637109 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>Short description|Morocco international footballer (born 1998)}} </nowiki>{{Use British English|date=July 2024}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Achraf Hakimi : An African Success Story From Continental Pride to Global Dominance – Rolling Stone Africa|url=https://rollingstoneafrica.com/cover-story/achraf-hakimi-an-african-success-story-from-continental-pride-to-global-dominance/|access-date=2026-01-05|language=en-US|quote=I chose a long time ago to represent Morocco because I grew up with Arab and Muslim culture at home}}</ref> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Achraf Hakimi|image=Achraf Hakimi Morocco v Norway 7 June 2026-32.jpg|caption=Hakimi with [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] in 2026|birth_name=Achraf Hakimi Mouh<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boe.es/borme/dias/2019/06/10/pdfs/BORME-A-2019-108-28.pdf|page=9|title=SECCIÓN PRIMERA – Empresarios – Actos inscritos – MADRID}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1998|11|4|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fifadata.com/documents/FCWC/2017/pdf/FCWC_2017_Squadlists.pdf |title=FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2017: List of players: Real Madrid CF |publisher=FIFA |page=5 |date=30 November 2017 |access-date=23 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223004345/http://www.fifadata.com/documents/FCWC/2017/pdf/FCWC_2017_Squadlists.pdf |archive-date=23 December 2017}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Madrid]], Spain<ref name="Paris">{{Cite web |url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/athlete/achraf-hakimi_1970338 |title=HAKIMI Achraf |work=[[Paris 2024 Olympics]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730135432/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/athlete/achraf-hakimi_1970338 |archive-date=30 July 2024}}</ref>|height=1.81 m<ref name="Paris"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.psg.fr/en/players/achraf-hakimi |title=Achraf Hakimi |date=4 November 1998 |publisher=Paris Saint-Germain FC |access-date=25 August 2025 }}</ref>|position=[[Right-back]]|currentclub=[[Paris Saint-Germain]]|clubnumber=2|youthyears1=2005–2006|youthclubs1=[[CD Colonia Ofigevi|Colonia Ofigevi]]|youthyears2=2006–2016|youthclubs2=[[Real Madrid CF (youth)|Real Madrid]]|years1=2016–2017|clubs1=[[Real Madrid Castilla|Real Madrid B]]|caps1=28|goals1=1|years2=2017–2020|clubs2=[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]|caps2=9|goals2=2|years3=2018–2020|clubs3=→ [[Borussia Dortmund]] (loan)|caps3=54|goals3=7|years4=2020–2021|clubs4=[[Inter Milan]]|caps4=37|goals4=7|years5=2021–|clubs5=[[Paris Saint-Germain]]|caps5=128|goals5=19|nationalyears1=2015|nationalteam1=[[Morocco national under-20 football team|Morocco U20]]|nationalcaps1=8|nationalgoals1=0|nationalyears2=2019|nationalteam2=[[Morocco national under-23 football team|Morocco U23]]|nationalcaps2=2|nationalgoals2=0|nationalyears3=2024|nationalteam3=[[Morocco national under-23 football team|Morocco Olympic]] ([[List of overage players in Olympic football|O.P.]])|nationalcaps3=6|nationalgoals3=2|nationalyears4=2016–|nationalteam4=[[Morocco national football team|Morocco]]|nationalcaps4=102|nationalgoals4=12|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fb|MAR}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations|2025 Morocco]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics|2024 Paris]]|[[Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|Team]]}}|club-update=21:15, 25 April 2026 (UTC)|nationalteam-update=22:15, 9 July 2026 (UTC)}}'''Achraf Hakimi Mouh'''{{efn|{{langx|ar|أشرف حكيمي|Ashraf Ḥakīmī}}, {{IPA|ar|ˈʔaʃraf ħaˈkiːmiː ˈmuːħ|pron}}}} (A bí i ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1998) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọ̀tún fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Àdàkọ́:France, Paris Saint-Germain, ó sì jẹ́ olórí ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Morocco. A mọ̀ ọ́n fún agbára ìkọlù rẹ̀ àti ìrànlọ́wọ́ tó lágbára láti dáàbò bo ara rẹ̀, wọ́n kà á sí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá ọ̀tún tó dára jùlọ ní àgbáyé.[1][2][3][4] Ní ìpele ẹgbẹ́, Hakimi bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún Real Madrid Castilla ní ọdún 2016, wọ́n sì gbé e ga sí ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 2017, níbi tí ó ti gba UEFA Champions League àti FIFA Club World Cup. Wọ́n rán an lọ sí ẹgbẹ́ Bundesliga Borussia Dortmund fún àdéhùn ọdún méjì, ó sì gba DFL-Supercup ní ọdún 2019. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó fọwọ́ sí ìwé àdéhùn pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ Serie A Inter Milan, ó sì ran ẹgbẹ́ náà lọ́wọ́ láti gba àkọlé Serie A ti ọdún 2020–21, àkọlé àkọ́kọ́ wọn ní ọdún 11. Lẹ́yìn náà, Paris Saint-Germain fọwọ́ sí i ní ọdún 2021 fún owó tí wọ́n gbà pé ó tó €68 mílíọ̀nù.[5] Pẹ̀lú PSG, ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Ligue 1 márùn-ún àti Coupes de France méjì, ó sì jẹ́ pàtàkì nínú ẹgbẹ́ náà láti gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ UEFA Champions League àkọ́kọ́ wọn lẹ́ẹ̀kan-lẹ́ẹ̀kan-lẹ́ẹ̀kan-lẹ́ẹ̀kan-ní ọdún 2025 àti 2026, pẹ̀lú èyí tí ó jẹ́ ara àmì-ẹ̀yẹ continental treble.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2023-10-12|title=Mikel, Drogba, Mane, Hakimi Named AFCON Draw Ambassadors - Naija Times|url=https://ntm.ng/2023/10/12/mikel-drogba-mane-hakimi-named-afcon-draw-ambassadors/|access-date=2023-10-12|language=en-US|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214063356/https://ntm.ng/2023/10/12/mikel-drogba-mane-hakimi-named-afcon-draw-ambassadors/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> A bí Hakimi ní Spain, ó sì gba ipò rẹ̀ ní Morocco ní ìpele àwọn ọmọ ọdún 20, kí ó tó di ẹni àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní orílẹ̀-èdè gíga ní ọdún 2016 nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún 17. Wọ́n yàn án nínú àwọn ẹgbẹ́ Morocco fún FIFA World Cups mẹ́ta (ní ọdún 2018, 2022, àti 2026), African Cup of Nations mẹ́rin (ní ọdún 2019, 2021, 2023, àti 2025), ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́ta tí wọ́n ti dàgbà jù tí a yàn fún ẹgbẹ́ Olympic Summer Olympics ti ọdún 2024. Ní World Cup ti ọdún 2022, òun àti Morocco ṣe ìtàn nípa dídi orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà àkọ́kọ́ tí ó dé ìpele-ìparí.[6] Lẹ́yìn náà, ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ kejì ti African Cup of Nations ní ọdún 2025.<ref name=":2" /> Hakimi wà ní ipò kẹfà nínú Ballon d'Or ti ọdún 2025, ipò gíga jùlọ tí agbábọ́ọ̀lù Morocco kan tíì gbà.[7] Wọ́n tún pè é ní Agbábọ́ọ̀lù Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2025, ó di ẹni karùn-ún tí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ náà ní Morocco àti ẹni àkọ́kọ́ láti ìgbà tí Mustapha Hadji ti dé ní ọdún 1998.[8]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Morocco's Hakimi up against country of his birth at World Cup|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/moroccos-hakimi-up-against-country-his-birth-world-cup-2022-12-05/|url-status=|quote=but it was not how I lived at home, which is the Arab culture, being Moroccan}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == A bí Hakimi ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1998, ní Madrid, Spain, fún àwọn òbí ará Morocco tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ ìdílé Arab.[1][2][3] Bàbá rẹ̀ Mohamed, láti Oued Zem, jẹ́ olùtajà ní òpópónà, ìyá rẹ̀ Saida, láti Ksar el-Kebir, sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyàwó ilé.[4][5] Hakimi dàgbà ní Getafe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Community of Madrid, níbi tí ìdílé rẹ̀ ti dojúkọ àwọn ìpèníjà ọrọ̀ ajé.[6] Nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́jọ, Hakimi dara pọ̀ mọ́ CD Colonia Ofigevi, ẹgbẹ́ bọ́ọ̀lù àfẹsẹ̀gbá àdúgbò kan, níbi tí ó ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìrìn àjò bọ́ọ̀lù àfẹsẹ̀gbá rẹ̀. Wọ́n kíyèsí ẹ̀bùn rẹ̀ kíákíá, ní ọdún 2006, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ọ̀dọ́ Real Madrid.[7][8] Ó lo ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ní ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ọgbọ́n rẹ̀ ní ilé ẹ̀kọ́ náà, ní àkọ́kọ́ ó ń ṣeré gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù kí ó tó yípadà sí ipa rẹ̀ tí ó mọ̀ jùlọ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọ̀tún. Hakimi ti sọ pé bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n tọ́ òun dàgbà ní Spain, ó dàgbà ní ilé tí àṣà Arab àti Musulumi dá sílẹ̀, èyí tí ó ní ipa lórí ìpinnu rẹ̀ láti ṣojú fún Morocco ní ìpele àgbáyé lẹ́yìn náà.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> == career == === Real Madrid === [[Fáìlì:Real_Madrid_C.F._the_Winner_Of_The_Champions_League_in_2018_(1)_(Achraf).jpg|left|thumb|131x131px|Hakimi after winning the [[2017–18 UEFA Champions League]] with [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]]] Hakimi bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún Real Madrid ní ìdíje àkọ́kọ́ ti International Champions Cup ti ọdún 2016, ìjákulẹ̀ 3-1 sí Paris Saint-Germain.[1] Lẹ́yìn náà, ó padà sí ẹgbẹ́ B, ó sì ṣe eré àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ 20 oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2016 nípa bíbẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Segunda División B nílé pẹ̀lú Real Sociedad B.[2] Hakimi gba góólù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ 25 oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2016, ó sì gba góólù ìfojúsùn ní ìfàmì 1-1 ní Fuenlabrada.[3] Ní ọjọ́ 19 oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2017, wọ́n gbé Hakimi ga sí ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùrànlọ́wọ́ fún Dani Carvajal àti Nacho, wọ́n sì yàn góólù nọ́mbà 19.[4] Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ – àti La Liga – ní ọjọ́ 1 oṣù kẹwàá, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìṣẹ́gun ilé pẹ̀lú 2-0 sí Espanyol.[5] Ó gba góólù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní La Liga ní ọjọ́ 9 oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2017 ní ìṣẹ́gun 5-0 sí Sevilla.[6] Ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2018, ó gba góòlù kejì rẹ̀ sí Celta Vigo nínú ìṣẹ́gun 6–0.[7] Nínú ìdíje UEFA Champions League ti ọdún 2017–18, ó ṣe àwọn ìfarahàn méjì lábẹ́ ọmọ ọdún méjìdínlógún nígbà tí Madrid gba ìdíje náà, ẹ̀kẹta wọn ní ìtẹ̀léra àti ẹ̀kẹtalá lápapọ̀.[8] Nípa báyìí, ó di ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Morocco àkọ́kọ́ tí ó gba ìdíje European Cup/UEFA Champions League àti ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ kẹta ti Morocco tí ó dé ìparí, lẹ́yìn Redouane Hajry àti Mehdi Benatia.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Loan to Borussia Dortmund ==== Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù keje ọdún 2018, Hakimi fọwọ́ sí ìwé àdéhùn ọdún méjì fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Bundesliga Borussia Dortmund.[1][2] Ó gba góólù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ náà nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun 7–0 lórí 1. FC Nürnberg ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹsàn-án.[3] Ó ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ mẹ́ta nínú ìdíje kan ṣoṣo fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ nínú iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lòdì sí Atlético Madrid, nígbà tí ó kọ́kọ́ farahàn ní Champions League fún Dortmund.[4] Hakimi gba góólù méjì sí Slavia Prague ní ìpele ẹgbẹ́ Champions League ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2019, àwọn góólù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ nínú ìdíje náà.[5] Ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2019, Hakimi gba góólù mìíràn ní ìdajì kejì láti yí 0–2 padà sí ìṣẹ́gun 3–2 sí Westfalenstadion.[6] Ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2020, Hakimi fi àkọọ́lẹ̀ iyàrá Bundesliga sílẹ̀ nígbà tí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ 36.48 km/h (22.67 mph) nínú ìdíje kan pẹ̀lú Union Berlin, ó sì ṣẹ́gun àkọọ́lẹ̀ líìgì àtijọ́ tí ó ti fi sílẹ̀ pẹ̀lú RB Leipzig ní oṣù mẹ́ta ṣáájú ní 36.2 km/h (22.5 mph).[7] Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Karùn-ún, lẹ́yìn tí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ nínú ìṣẹ́gun 6-1 tí ẹgbẹ́ náà ṣe lórí SC Paderborn níta, ó bọ́ aṣọ rẹ̀ láti fi àwọ̀tẹ́lẹ̀ kan hàn pẹ̀lú ìkéde “Ìdájọ́ fún George Floyd”.[8] Ẹgbẹ́ ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, Jadon Sancho, fi àwọ̀tẹ́lẹ̀ kan náà hàn lẹ́yìn tí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ náà pẹ̀lú.[9]<ref name=":0" /> === Inter Milan === Ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù keje ọdún 2020, Hakimi fọwọ́ sí ẹgbẹ́ Serie A Inter Milan pẹ̀lú àdéhùn ọdún márùn-ún,[1] pẹ̀lú owó tí wọ́n ròyìn pé ó tó nǹkan bí €40 mílíọ̀nù.[2] Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kẹsàn-án ó sì ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ nínú ìṣẹ́gun 4–3 sí Fiorentina ní Serie A.[3] Ó gba góólù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ náà ní eré líìgì tó tẹ̀lé e pẹ̀lú Benevento, èyí tí Inter ṣẹ́gun 5–2.[4]<ref name=":2" /> === Paris Saint-Germain === [[Fáìlì:FC_Salzburg_gegen_Paris_Saint-Germain_UEFA_Champions_League_58.jpg|thumb|Hakimi in a 2024 [[UEFA Champions League|Champions League]] match with [[Paris Saint-Germain]]]] Hakimi fọwọ́ sí i fún ẹgbẹ́ Ligue 1 Paris Saint-Germain (PSG) ní ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù Keje ọdún 2021 pẹ̀lú àdéhùn ọdún márùn-ún.[1] Ìwé ìròyìn The Guardian ròyìn pé owó ìgbesẹ̀ tí PSG san jẹ́ €60 mílíọ̀nù àkọ́kọ́, ó ṣeéṣe kí ó ga sí i ní €11 mílíọ̀nù nínú àfikún.[2] Hakimi bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré Ligue 1 ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹjọ, ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní gbogbo ìṣẹ́jú àádọ́rùn-ún ó sì gba bọ́ọ̀lù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ náà lòdì sí Troyes.[3] Ó gba káàdì pupa àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ìfàsẹ́yìn 0–0 sí Marseille ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kẹjọ.[4] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹsàn-án, Hakimi gba bọ́ọ̀lù ní ìgbà méjì ní ìṣẹ́gun 2–1 sí Metz.[5] Ní àkókò àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní PSG, ó gba àkọlé Ligue 1, àkọlé ligue kejì rẹ̀ ní ìtẹ̀léra.[6] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kejì ọdún 2023, wọ́n yan Hakimi fún FIFA FIFPRO World 11 ti ọdún 2022.[7][8] Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2023, Hakimi gba bọ́ọ̀lù kan nínú ìṣẹ́gun 2-0 sí ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ àtijọ́ Dortmund ní ìdíje UEFA Champions League 2023–24, èyí sì mú kí wọ́n gba ipò kan nínú ẹgbẹ́ ọ̀sẹ̀ UEFA.[9][10] Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2023, pẹ̀lú àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù PSG Randal Kolo Muani, Ousmane Dembélé àti Layvin Kurzawa, wọ́n dá Hakimi lẹ́bi fún ìdíje kan ṣoṣo fún kíkópa nínú àwọn orin ìkọlù lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ́gun lórí àwọn alábàádíje rẹ̀ Marseille.[11][12] Ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2023, CAF yan Hakimi fún Agbábọ́ọ̀lù ... Ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2025, Hakimi gba góòlù kejì PSG nínú ìṣẹ́gun 2-1 lórí Arsenal ní ìpele kejì ti ìdíje Champions League, èyí tí ó mú kí wọ́n wà ní ìparí fún ìgbà kejì nínú ìtàn ìdíje náà.[17] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù karùn-ún, ó gba góòlù kan nínú ìṣẹ́gun 3-0 lórí Reims ní ìparí Coupe de France.[18] Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù karùn-ún, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ góòlù ní ìparí Champions League, ó sì ṣe àfikún sí ìṣẹ́gun 5-0 lórí ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ Inter Milan, ó sì di góòlù àkọ́kọ́ PSG ní Champions League.[19] Ó di ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Morocco kejì tí ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní ìparí European Cup/Champions League (lẹ́yìn Hajry Redouane ní ọdún 1988 pẹ̀lú Benfica), ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Morocco àkọ́kọ́ (àti ọmọ ilẹ̀ Africa keje) tí ó gba góòlù ní ìparí European Cup/Champions League,[20] àti ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Morocco kejì (lẹ́yìn Ayoub El Kaabi ní ìparí Europa Conference League ọdún 2024) tí ó gba góòlù ní ìparí UEFA club.[21] Àwọn ìṣe Hakimi ní gbogbo àsìkò náà mú kí ó di ẹni tí ó ń díje fún Ballon d'Or ti ọdún 2025.[22][23][24] Ní àsìkò 2025–26, Hakimi gba àsìkò Ligue 1 àti UEFA Champions League lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣẹ́gun Arsenal ní ìṣẹ́gun ní ìpele ìkẹyìn.[25] Ẹni tó kẹ́yìn yìí gba àsìkò Champions League kẹta, ó sì bá ìgbà tí Samuel Eto'o gbà fún àwọn àsìkò tó pọ̀ jùlọ tí agbábọ́ọ̀lù Áfíríkà kan gbà.[26] Ó tún jẹ́ àsìkò pàtàkì 19 nínú iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ó ju àròpọ̀ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù Áfíríkà Eto'o àti Yaya Touré lọ láti di agbábọ́ọ̀lù Áfíríkà tó ní ẹ̀bùn jùlọ nínú ìtàn.[27]<ref name=":0" /> == Iṣẹ́ kárí ayé == [[Fáìlì:Por-Mar_(3).jpg|thumb|Hakimi (right) vs Portugal's [[Bernardo Silva]] (left) at the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]]]] Lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣojú fún Morocco ní ìpele àwọn ọmọ ọdún 17 àti àwọn ọmọ ọdún 20,[1] Hakimi fara hàn fún àwọn ọmọ ọdún 23 ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2016, nínú ìṣẹ́gun 1-0 lórí àwọn ọmọ ọdún 23 ti Cameroon.[2] Ó fara hàn ní gbogbo àgbáyé ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2016, ó sì gba ipò Fouad Chafik ní ìṣẹ́gun 4-0 sí Canada.[3] Ó gba góólù àgbáyé àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2017, ó sì gba góólù kẹrin nínú ìforígbárí 6-0 sí Mali nílé.[4] Ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2018, wọ́n yàn án sí ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ Morocco fún FIFA World Cup 2018 àti ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹfà, wọ́n yàn án sí ẹgbẹ́ ọkùnrin 23 tó kẹ́yìn fún ìdíje náà.[5][6] Wọ́n tún pè Hakimi fún ìdíje African Cup of Nations 2021 ní Cameroon.[7] Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ gbogbo àwọn ìdíje rẹ̀ ní ìpele ẹgbẹ́.[8][9] Ó gba góólù láti inú fífà bọ́ọ̀lù ní ìfàmì 2-2 sí Gabon.[10] Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìpele 16 sí Malawi, ó sì gba bọ́ọ̀lù aláfẹ́ ní ìṣẹ́jú 70 láti jẹ́ kí ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ ṣẹ́gun 2–1.[11] Hakimi pẹ̀lú Morocco ní ọdún 2026 Ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2022, wọ́n yan Hakimi nínú ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n ti Morocco fún ìdíje FIFA World Cup ti ọdún 2022 ní Qatar.[12][13] Ó gba bọ́ọ̀lù aláfẹ́ pẹ̀lú ìbọn panenka nígbà tí wọ́n ta bọ́ọ̀lù sí Spain (orílẹ̀-èdè ìbí rẹ̀) ní ìpele 16, ó sì rí i dájú pé orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ wà ní ìpele mẹ́rìndínlógún, ó sì ṣe ọ̀nà fún ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ láti dé ìpele mẹ́rìndínlógún ìdíje náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà àkọ́kọ́ tí ó ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ nínú ìtàn.[14] Morocco ni orile-ede Arab akoko ti o de opin ipari, ati ekeji Musulumi leyin Turkey ni odun 2002. Ni ojo kejidinlogun osu kejila odun 2023, Hakimi wa lara awon agbaboolu 27 ti olukọni Walid Regragui yan lati se asoju Morocco ni ife eye Africa ti odun 2023 ni Ivory Coast.[15][16] O gba goolu kan ninu ifaseyin 1–1 si DR Congo.[17] Ni iyipo 16, o padanu ife eye kan ninu ipadanu 2–0 si South Africa.[18] Ni ojo kerin osu keje odun 2024, Hakimi wa ninu egbe agbaboolu Olympic ti Morocco fun Olimpiiki odun 2024 ni France gege bi okan ninu awon agbaboolu meta ti won ti dagba ju ati pe won yan gege bi olori fun egbe naa.[19] O gba iranlowo ati goolu kan ninu isegun lodi si Iraq ati United States lẹsẹsẹ.[20][21] O tun gba goolu kan ninu isegun 6–0 ti Morocco lori Egypt ninu ere-idije ami idẹ.[22] Ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2025, Achraf Hakimi ni ẹni tí a fẹ́ràn jùlọ fún ẹ̀bùn RFI "Marc-Vivien Foé", èyí tí ó parí sí gbígba.[23] Hakimi pẹ̀lú Morocco ní ọdún 2025 Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2025, Morocco ti Hakimi já àkọsílẹ̀ àgbáyé fún ìṣẹ́gun tó pẹ́ jùlọ nínú bọ́ọ̀lù àgbáyé, ó sì borí àmì ìṣẹ́gun mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún tí Spain ti ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìṣẹ́gun 1–0 lórí Congo ní Rabat, wọ́n fa ìṣẹ́gun wọn tí kò ní ìṣẹ́gun mọ́ sí mẹ́rìndínlógún nínú gbogbo ìdíje, títí kan àwọn ìdíje ìdíje World Cup àti àwọn eré ọ̀rẹ́.[24] Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó farapa, wọ́n pè é ní ẹgbẹ́ Morocco fún African Cup of Nations ti ọdún 2025, èyí tí wọ́n gbàlejò ní ilẹ̀ wọn.[25][26] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kíní ọdún 2026, ó ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún góólù kan ṣoṣo nínú ìṣẹ́gun 1–0 lórí Tanzania ní ìpele 16.[27] Hakimi ṣe ìròyìn kárí ayé ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kìíní ọdún 2026 nígbà tí wọ́n fi ìyà jẹ ẹ́ pẹ̀lú ìdádúró ìdíje méjì fún ìwà àìdárayá nígbà ìparí, lẹ́yìn náà, ẹgbẹ́ African Union pinnu láti gbé ìjìyà náà kúrò pátápátá. Hakimi bọ́ aṣọ ìnu tí wọ́n gbé sí ẹ̀gbẹ́ góòlù nítorí ìrúkèrúdò àti ìṣòro tó wáyé láàrín àwọn ọmọ bọ́ọ̀lù àti agbábọ́ọ̀lù Senegal nígbà ìparí ìdíje African Cup of Nations sí Senegal.[28][29] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2026, wọ́n yan Hakimi nínú ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n fún ìdíje FIFA World Cup ti ọdún 2026.[30] Ó ṣe ìfarahàn kọ́kànlá rẹ̀ nínú ìdíje àkọ́kọ́ 1–1 sí Brazil, ó di agbábọ́ọ̀lù Morocco tó ní ìfarahàn jùlọ nínú ìdíje náà, ó já ìfarahàn pẹ̀lú Hakim Ziyech.[31] Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti ṣe ìfarahàn kejìlá rẹ̀ nínú ìṣẹ́gun 1–0 lórí Scotland, ó di agbábọ́ọ̀lù Áfíríkà tó ní ìfarahàn jùlọ nínú ìtàn ìdíje Àgbáyé, ó kọjá àkọsílẹ̀ tí François Omam-Biyik àti Asamoah Gyan ti ní tẹ́lẹ̀.[32] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹfà, ó gba góólù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní World Cup, ó ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́, wọ́n sì pè é ní Man of the Match nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Haiti ní 4–2.[33][34] Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹfà, ó gba góólù ọgọ́rùn-ún rẹ̀ ní orílẹ̀-èdè Morocco nínú ìṣẹ́gun wọn lórí Netherlands ní Round of 32, ó ṣẹ́gun 3–2 lórí àwọn ìfàmì-ẹ̀yẹ lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n fa 1–1, ó sì di ẹni kejì tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Morocco láti dé ibi tí ó yẹ lẹ́yìn Noureddine Naybet.[35] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù keje, ó ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún ìdíje World Cup pẹ̀lú Canada, èyí tí ó parí pẹ̀lú ìṣẹ́gun 3–0 lórí Canada, èyí tí ó ran ẹgbẹ́ náà lọ́wọ́ láti yẹ fún ìdíje quarterfinals fún ìgbà kejì ní ìtẹ̀léra gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkọ́kọ́ fún ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Africa kan.[36]<ref name=":0" /> == Ìwífúnni olùṣeré == Nígbà tí wọ́n fọwọ́ sí i fún Borussia Dortmund, wọ́n ṣàpèjúwe Hakimi gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó máa ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní apá ọ̀tún tàbí agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá ọ̀tún, tí ó ti kọ́ṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá kan tẹ́lẹ̀, tí ó sì tún lè gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù. Ọ̀nà ìṣeré rẹ̀ ní iyára, agbára ara, ìmọ̀ ọgbọ́n, agbára ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ, àti agbára láti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gígùn láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù ààbò.[1][2] Àwọn orísun kan ti tọ́ka sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá ọ̀tún tó dára jùlọ ní àgbáyé.[3][4][5]<ref name=":2" /> == Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni == Hakimi fẹ́ òṣèrébìnrin ará Sípéènì tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Tunisia, Hiba Abouk, láti ọdún 2020 títí di ọdún 2023. Àwọn méjèèjì ní ọmọkùnrin méjì, tí wọ́n bí ní ọdún 2020 àti 2022.[1][2] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹta ọdún 2023, Abouk gbé ìròyìn kan jáde lórí àkọọ́lẹ̀ Instagram rẹ̀ tó jẹ́rìí sí i pé tọkọtaya náà ti pínyà tẹ́lẹ̀, àti pé wọ́n ń dúró de ìgbésẹ̀ ìkọ̀sílẹ̀.[3][4] Wọ́n ròyìn pé Abouk béèrè fún ohun tó ju ìdajì dúkìá Hakimi àti ọrọ̀ rẹ̀ lọ, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n ní wọ́n ní orúkọ ìyá rẹ̀.[5] Wọ́n tún fi ẹ̀sùn náà hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìròyìn èké.[6][7][8] Lẹ́yìn ìṣe Hakimi ní ìdíje FIFA World Cup ti ọdún 2022 ní Qatar, wọ́n sọ pápá ìṣeré bọ́ọ̀lù kan ní Ksar el-Kebir ní orúkọ rẹ̀.[9] Wọ́n yàn án ní Arab Sportsman of the Year fún ọdún 2022 ní Joy Awards ní Riyadh.[10] Ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2023, wọ́n yan Hakimi, Didier Drogba, Mikel John Obi àti Sadio Mané gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùrànlọ́wọ́ fún yíyọ ìparí ìdíje African Cup of Nations ti ọdún 2023.[11][12<ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":2" /> === Àwọn ọ̀ràn òfin === Ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹta ọdún 2023, adájọ́ kan tó ń ṣe ìwádìí ní Paris fi ẹ̀sùn kan Hakimi lórí ẹ̀sùn ìfipábánilòpọ̀ obìnrin ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìnlélógún kan, wọ́n sì fi í sí abẹ́ àbójútó ilé ẹjọ́.[1] Wọ́n fòfin dè é láti kàn sí ẹni tí wọ́n fi ẹ̀sùn kàn án ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n gbà á láàyè láti kúrò ní ilẹ̀ Faransé.[2] Agbẹjọ́rò Hakimi, Fanny Colin, ti sọ pé oníbàárà rẹ̀ sẹ́ àwọn ẹ̀sùn wọ̀nyí gidigidi.[3]<ref name=":4">{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/achraf-hakimi/419254/|title=A. Hakimi|website=Soccerway|access-date=26 September 2018|archive-date=7 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907121303/http://int.soccerway.com/players/achraf-hakimi/419254/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2026, ilé ẹjọ́ ẹjọ́ ní Faransé kéde pé Hakimi yóò dojúkọ ẹ̀sùn ìfipábánilòpọ̀.<ref name=":3" /> == Àwọn ìṣirò iṣẹ́ == === Club === {{updated|match played 30 May 2026}}<ref name=":4" /> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National cup{{efn|Includes [[Copa del Rey]], [[DFB-Pokal]], [[Coppa Italia]], [[Coupe de France]]}} ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Real Madrid Castilla]] |[[2016–17 Segunda División B|2016–17]] |[[Segunda División B]] |28 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |28 |1 |- |[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] |[[2017–18 Real Madrid CF season|2017–18]] |[[La Liga]] |9 |2 |5 |0 |2{{efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]|name=UCL}} |0 |1{{efn|Appearance in [[FIFA Club World Cup]]}} |0 |17 |2 |- | rowspan="3" |[[Borussia Dortmund]] (loan) |[[2018–19 Borussia Dortmund season|2018–19]] |[[Bundesliga]] |21 |2 |2 |1 |5{{efn|name=UCL}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |28 |3 |- |[[2019–20 Borussia Dortmund season|2019–20]] |Bundesliga |33 |5 |3 |0 |8{{efn|name=UCL}} |4 |1{{efn|Appearance in [[DFL-Supercup]]}} |0 |45 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !54 !7 !5 !1 !13 !4 !1 !0 !73 !12 |- |[[Inter Milan]] |[[2020–21 Inter Milan season|2020–21]] |[[Serie A]] |37 |7 |3 |0 |5{{efn|name=UCL}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |45 |7 |- | rowspan="6" |[[Paris Saint-Germain FC|Paris Saint-Germain]] |[[2021–22 Paris Saint-Germain FC season|2021–22]] |[[Ligue 1]] |32 |4 |0 |0 |8{{efn|name=UCL}} |0 |1{{efn|Appearance in [[Trophée des Champions]]|name=TDC}} |0 |41 |4 |- |[[2022–23 Paris Saint-Germain FC season|2022–23]] |Ligue 1 |28 |5 |2 |0 |8{{efn|name=UCL}} |0 |1{{efn|name=TDC}} |0 |39 |5 |- |[[2023–24 Paris Saint-Germain FC season|2023–24]] |Ligue 1 |25 |4 |3 |0 |11{{efn|name=UCL}} |1 |1{{efn|name=TDC}} |0 |40 |5 |- |[[2024–25 Paris Saint-Germain FC season|2024–25]] |Ligue 1 |25 |4 |5 |1 |17{{efn|name=UCL}} |4 |8{{efn|One appearance in Trophée des Champions, seven appearances and two goals in FIFA Club World Cup}} |2 |55 |11 |- |[[2025–26 Paris Saint-Germain FC season|2025–26]] |Ligue 1 |18 |2 |0 |0 |13{{efn|name=UCL}} |1 |1{{efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Super Cup]]}} |0 |32 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !128 !19 !10 !1 !57 !6 !12 !2 !207 !28 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !256 !36 !23 !2 !77 !10 !14 !2 !370 !50 |} {{notelist}} === International === {{updated|match played 9 July 2026}}<ref name="NFT">{{cite web|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/65567/Achraf_Hakimi.html|title=Hakimi, Achraf|website=National Football Teams|access-date=4 September 2017|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220233743/http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/65567/Achraf_Hakimi.html|url-status=live}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by national team and year !National team !Year !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="11" |[[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] |2016 |1 |0 |- |2017 |5 |1 |- |2018 |12 |0 |- |2019 |10 |1 |- |2020 |4 |1 |- |2021 |9 |2 |- |2022 |20 |3 |- |2023 |7 |0 |- |2024 |14 |2 |- |2025 |7 |1 |- |2026 |13 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !102 !12 |} {{updated|match played 24 June 2026}} : ''Morocco score listed first, score column indicates score after each Hakimi goal.''<ref name="NFT" /> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals scored by Achraf Hakimi ! scope="col" |No. ! scope="col" |Date ! scope="col" |Venue ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Opponent ! scope="col" |Score ! scope="col" |Result ! scope="col" |Competition ! scope="col" class="unsortable" |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | align="center" |1 |1 September 2017 |[[Prince Moulay Abdellah Stadium]], Rabat, Morocco | align="center" |2 |{{fb|MLI}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |6–0 |[[2018 FIFA World Cup qualification]] | align="center" |<ref name="firstintlgoal">{{cite news|url=http://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/09/02/59aa6e6122601dbd438b4573.html|title=Real Madrid's Achraf scores on his competitive Morocco debut|newspaper=Marca|location=Spain|date=2 September 2017|access-date=6 September 2017|archive-date=6 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906100840/http://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/09/02/59aa6e6122601dbd438b4573.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="center" |2 |19 November 2019 |[[Intwari Stadium]], Bujumbura, Burundi | align="center" |28 |{{fb|BDI}} | align="center" |3–0 | align="center" |3–0 |[[2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/11/19/football/1574180225_172347.html|title=Achraf ammunition leads the way in Europe's big five leagues|newspaper=Diario AS|date=19 November 2019|access-date=20 March 2020|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108085920/https://en.as.com/en/2019/11/19/football/1574180225_172347.html|url-status=live|archivedate=8 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108085920/https://en.as.com/en/2019/11/19/football/1574180225_172347.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> |- | align="center" |3 |13 November 2020 |[[Stade Mohammed V]], Casablanca, Morocco | align="center" |31 |{{fb|CAR}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |4–1 |2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification | align="center" |<ref>{{cite news|title=Morocco beats Central Africa, Bafana score twice against Sao Tome|url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-africa-cup-of-nations/2021-qualifiers/news/morocco-beat-central-africa-republic-to-move-top-of-group-e|access-date=7 March 2022|website=CAF Online|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307222838/https://www.cafonline.com/total-africa-cup-of-nations/2021-qualifiers/news/morocco-beat-central-africa-republic-to-move-top-of-group-e|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="center" |4 |12 June 2021 |Prince Moulay Abdellah Stadium, Rabat, Morocco | align="center" |36 |{{fb|BFA}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–0 |[[Friendly (association football)|Friendly]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite news|title=Hakimi: Chelsea target fires Morocco past Burkina Faso|url=https://www.goal.com/en-bh/news/hakimi-chelsea-target-fires-morocco-past-burkina-faso/1si7n8zcl08x41qy6fcvdcehgf|access-date=7 March 2022|website=Goal.com|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307154301/https://www.goal.com/en-bh/news/hakimi-chelsea-target-fires-morocco-past-burkina-faso/1si7n8zcl08x41qy6fcvdcehgf|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="center" |5 |6 October 2021 |Prince Moulay Abdellah Stadium, Rabat, Morocco | align="center" |38 |{{fb|GNB}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |5–0 |[[2022 FIFA World Cup qualification]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=SuperSport|url=https://supersport.com/rugby/news/%7B%7B%20url()-%3Ecurrent()%20%7D%7D|access-date=7 March 2022|website=Supersport|language=ZA|archive-date=20 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520013725/https://supersport.com/rugby/news/%7B%7B%20url()-%3Ecurrent()%20%7D%7D}}</ref> |- | align="center" |6 |18 January 2022 |[[Ahmadou Ahidjo Stadium]], Yaoundé, Cameroon | align="center" |44 |{{fb|GAB}} | align="center" |2–2 | align="center" |2–2 |[[2021 Africa Cup of Nations]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Gabon vs. Morocco - Football Match Report - January 18, 2022|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/report/_/gameId/618244|access-date=7 March 2022|website=ESPN|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307154258/https://www.espn.com/soccer/report/_/gameId/618244|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="center" |7 |25 January 2022 |Ahmadou Ahidjo Stadium, Yaoundé, Cameroon | align="center" |45 |{{fb|MWI}} | align="center" |2–1 | align="center" |2–1 |2021 Africa Cup of Nations | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|date=25 January 2022|title=Africa Cup of Nations: Achraf Hakimi scores another free-kick stunner as Morocco beat Malawi to reach quarter-finals|url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/africa-cup-of-nations/2022/africa-cup-of-nations-achraf-hakimi-scores-another-free-kick-stunner-as-morocco-beat-malawi-to-reach_sto8734223/story.shtml|access-date=7 March 2022|website=Eurosport|archive-date=15 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415155344/https://www.eurosport.com/geoblocking.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="center" |8 |29 March 2022 |Stade Mohammed V, Casablanca, Morocco | align="center" |48 |{{fb|COD}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |4–1 |2022 FIFA World Cup qualification | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Morocco vs. DR Congo - Football Match Report - March 29, 2022|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/629215|access-date=29 March 2022|website=ESPN|archive-date=28 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328160101/https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/629215|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="center" |9 |21 January 2024 |[[Laurent Pokou Stadium]], San-Pédro, Ivory Coast | align="center" |71 |{{fb|COD}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |[[2023 Africa Cup of Nations]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite news|date=21 January 2024|title=Morocco tie with Congo 1-1 in second AFCON game|url=https://en.hespress.com/78473-morocco-tie-with-congo-1-1-in-second-afcon-game.html|access-date=21 January 2024|website=Hespress}}</ref> |- | align="center" |10 |12 October 2024 |[[Honor Stadium]], Oujda, Morocco | align="center" |80 |{{fb|CAR}} | align="center" |3–0 | align="center" |5–0 |[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations qualification]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Morocco vs. Central African Republic - Football Match Report - October 12, 2024|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/722061|access-date=12 October 2024|website=ESPN}}</ref> |- | align="center" |11 |6 June 2025 |[[Fez Stadium]], Fez, Morocco | align="center" |84 |{{fb|TUN}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |2–0 |Friendly | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Morocco vs. Tunisia - Football Match Report - June 6, 2025|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/733164|access-date=6 June 2024|website=ESPN}}</ref> |- | align="center" |12 |24 June 2026 |[[Mercedes-Benz Stadium]], Atlanta, United States | align="center" |99 |{{fb|HAI}} | align="center" |1–1 | align="center" |4–2 |[[2026 FIFA World Cup]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Morocco vs. Haiti - Football Match Report - June 24, 2026|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/760464/haiti-morocco|access-date=24 June 2026|website=ESPN}}</ref> |} == Honours == '''Real Madrid Castilla''' * [[Copa del Rey Juvenil de Fútbol|Copa del Rey Juvenil]]: [[2017 Copa del Rey Juvenil|2017]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rfef.es/noticias/cronica-final-copa-rey-juvenil-2017|title=CRÓNICA – El Real Madrid gana el derbi final y alza la Copa del Rey Juvenil|trans-title=CHRONICLE – Real Madrid wins the derby final and wins the Copa del Rey Juvenil|language=es|publisher=RFEF|access-date=23 August 2019|archive-date=11 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111185136/http://www.rfef.es/noticias/cronica-final-copa-rey-juvenil-2017}}</ref> '''Real Madrid''' * [[Supercopa de España]]: [[2017 Supercopa de España|2017]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpActa1?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=42775|title=Acta del partido celebrado el 13 de agosto de 2017, en Barcelona|trans-title=Minutes of the match held on 13 August 2017, in Barcelona|publisher=Royal Spanish Football Federation|language=es|access-date=7 July 2020|archive-date=18 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818142217/http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpActa1?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=42775|url-status=live}} {{cite web|url=http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpActa1?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=42781|title=Acta del partido celebrado el 16 de agosto de 2017, en Madrid|trans-title=Minutes of the match held on 16 August 2017, in Madrid|publisher=Royal Spanish Football Federation|language=es|access-date=7 July 2020|archive-date=28 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128150635/http://actas.rfef.es/actas/RFEF_CmpActa1?cod_primaria=1000144&CodActa=42781|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[UEFA Champions League]]: [[2017–18 UEFA Champions League|2017–18]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/match/2021711--real-madrid-vs-liverpool/|title=2017/18, Final: Real Madrid 3–1 Liverpool: Overview|publisher=UEFA|access-date=7 July 2020|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728090326/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/match/2021711--real-madrid-vs-liverpool/|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[UEFA Super Cup]]: [[2017 UEFA Super Cup|2017]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefasupercup/match/2022539--real-madrid-vs-man-united/lineups/?iv=true|title=Final: Real Madrid 2–1 Man. United: Line-ups|publisher=UEFA|access-date=7 July 2020|archive-date=7 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707063001/https://www.uefa.com/uefasupercup/match/2022539--real-madrid-vs-man-united/lineups/?iv=true|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[FIFA Club World Cup]]: [[2017 FIFA Club World Cup|2017]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/matches/round=279805/match=300398163/report.html|title=Match report: Real Madrid Club de Fútbol – Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense|publisher=FIFA|access-date=7 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234532/https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/matches/round=279805/match=300398163/report.html|archive-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> '''Borussia Dortmund''' * [[DFL-Supercup]]: [[2019 DFL-Supercup|2019]]<ref>{{cite news|location=Dortmund|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/de/bundesliga/news/supercup-borussia-dortmund-fc-bayern-munchen-spielbericht-5996|title=Borussia Dortmund gewinnt den Supercup 2019 gegen den FC Bayern München|trans-title=Borussia Dortmund wins the 2019 Supercup against FC Bayern Munich|publisher=Bundesliga|date=3 August 2019|access-date=3 August 2019|language=de|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803221924/https://www.bundesliga.com/de/bundesliga/news/supercup-borussia-dortmund-fc-bayern-munchen-spielbericht-5996|archive-date=3 August 2019}}</ref> '''Inter Milan''' * [[Serie A]]: [[2020–21 Serie A|2020–21]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/internazionale/story/4374169/inter-end-juventus-serie-a-dominance-with-first-title-in-11-years|title=Inter end Juventus' Serie A dominance with first title in 11 years|publisher=ESPN|date=2 May 2021|access-date=2 May 2021|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502155605/https://www.espn.com/soccer/internazionale/story/4374169/inter-end-juventus-serie-a-dominance-with-first-title-in-11-years|url-status=live}}</ref> '''Paris Saint-Germain''' * [[Ligue 1]]: [[2021–22 Ligue 1|2021–22]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Luke|first1=Bosher|last2=Whitehead|first2=Jacob|date=23 April 2022|title=PSG crowned Ligue 1 champions after draw against Lens|website=The Athletic|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4179531/2022/04/22/psg-crowned-ligue-1-champions-after-messi-secures-draw-against-lens/|access-date=23 April 2022|archive-date=1 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220601050533/https://theathletic.com/news/psg-crowned-ligue-1-champions-after-messi-secures-draw-against-lens/aoDgDkRZDFEo/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[2022–23 Ligue 1|2022–23]],<ref>{{cite news|website=Eurosport|language=fr|title=Le PSG sacré champion de France pour la 11e fois|trans-title=PSG crowned French champion for the 11th time|url=https://www.eurosport.fr/football/ligue-1/2022-2023/le-psg-sacre-champion-de-france-pour-la-11e-fois-de-son-histoire-apres-son-nul-a-strasbourg-1-1-mess_sto9625627/story.shtml|access-date=25 June 2023}}</ref> [[2023–24 Ligue 1|2023–24]],<ref>{{cite web|date=28 April 2024|title=Paris Saint-Germain win their 12th Ligue 1 title!|url=https://en.psg.fr/teams/first-team/content/paris-saint-germain-win-their-12th-ligue-1-title-psg-ligue-1-club-2023-2024|access-date=25 April 2025|publisher=Paris Saint-Germain FC|archive-date=28 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428192841/https://en.psg.fr/teams/first-team/content/paris-saint-germain-win-their-12th-ligue-1-title-psg-ligue-1-club-2023-2024|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[2024–25 Ligue 1|2024–25]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Le PSG champion de France pour la 13e fois de son histoire après sa victoire contre Angers|trans-title=PSG are French champions for the 13th time in their history after their victory against Angers|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-psg-champion-de-france-pour-la-13e-fois-de-son-histoire-apres-sa-victoire-contre-angers/1551951|access-date=5 April 2025|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> [[2025–26 Ligue 1|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Grâce à un grand Safonov, le PSG s'impose à Lens et décroche son 14e titre de champion de France|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Grace-a-un-grand-safonov-le-psg-s-impose-a-lens-et-decroche-son-14e-titre-de-champion-de-france/1675604|publisher=L’Equipe|language=fr|date=13 May 2026|access-date=13 May 2026}}</ref> * [[Coupe de France]]: [[2023–24 Coupe de France|2023–24]],<ref>{{cite web|date=25 May 2024|title=Coupe de France Final: Dembélé powers PSG|trans-title=Coupe de France Final: Dembélé powers PSG|url=https://www.ligue1.com/Articles/Other-Competitions/2024/05/25/coupe-de-france-final-dembele-powers-psg|access-date=26 May 2024|publisher=Ligue 1}}</ref> [[2024–25 Coupe de France|2024–25]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Guillemet|first=Hugo|date=24 May 2025|title=Le PSG s'offre une 16e Coupe de France après une victoire facile en finale contre Reims|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-psg-s-offre-une-16e-coupe-de-france-apres-une-victoire-facile-en-finale-contre-reims/1564666|access-date=24 May 2025|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> * [[Trophée des Champions]]: [[2022 Trophée des Champions|2022]],<ref>{{cite web|date=31 July 2022|title=A final, lots of goals and a trophy: a great start to the season!|url=https://en.psg.fr/teams/first-team/content/a-final-lots-of-goals-and-a-trophy-a-great-start-to-the-season-match-report-paris-saint-germain-trophee-des-champions-psg-nantes|access-date=1 August 2022|publisher=Paris Saint-Germain FC|archive-date=14 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814123500/https://en.psg.fr/teams/first-team/content/a-final-lots-of-goals-and-a-trophy-a-great-start-to-the-season-match-report-paris-saint-germain-trophee-des-champions-psg-nantes|url-status=live}}</ref> [[2023 Trophée des Champions|2023]],<ref>{{cite web|date=3 January 2024|title=Paris start 2024 with Trophée des Champions triumph!|trans-title=Paris starts 2024 with Trophée des Champions triumph!|url=https://en.psg.fr/teams/first-team/content/paris-start-2024-with-trophee-des-champions-triumph-match-report-paris-saint-germain-toulouse-fc-trophee-des-champions-2023|access-date=3 January 2024|publisher=Paris Saint-Germain FC|archive-date=5 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105150737/https://en.psg.fr/teams/first-team/content/paris-start-2024-with-trophee-des-champions-triumph-match-report-paris-saint-germain-toulouse-fc-trophee-des-champions-2023|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[2024 Trophée des Champions|2024]]<ref>{{cite news|date=5 January 2025|title=Foot : Ousmane Dembélé offre sur le fil un nouveau Trophée des champions au PSG contre Monaco|trans-title=Football: Ousmane Dembélé delivers a last-minute Trophée des Champions victory for PSG against Monaco|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Ousmane-dembele-offre-sur-le-fil-un-nouveau-trophee-des-champions-au-psg-contre-monaco/1530323|access-date=5 January 2025|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> * [[UEFA Champions League]]: [[2024–25 UEFA Champions League|2024–25]],<ref>{{cite news|title=PSG-Inter Milan : les Parisiens remportent brillamment la Ligue des champions|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/sport/live/2025/05/31/en-direct-psg-inter-milan-suivez-la-finale-de-la-ligue-des-champions_6609501_3242.html|access-date=31 May 2025|publisher=Le Monde|language=fr|date=31 May 2025}}</ref> [[2025–26 UEFA Champions League|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/match/2047742--paris-vs-arsenal/|title=Paris vs Arsenal|publisher=UEFA|access-date=31 May 2026}}</ref> * [[UEFA Super Cup]]: [[2025 UEFA Super Cup|2025]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Bärthel|first=Julie|title=UEFA Super Cup: PSG gewinnt Elfmeterkrimi gegen Tottenham|url=https://www.sportschau.de/fussball/zwei-toren-in-neun-minuten-paris-kroent-sich-zum-super-cup-champion,supercup-psg-spurs-100.html|access-date=13 August 2025|website=Sportschau|language=de}}</ref> * [[FIFA Club World Cup]] runner-up: [[2025 FIFA Club World Cup|2025]]<ref>{{cite news|date=13 July 2025|title=Douché par Chelsea, le PSG ne sera pas le premier vainqueur de la Coupe du monde des clubs|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Douche-par-chelsea-le-psg-ne-sera-pas-le-premier-vainqueur-de-la-coupe-du-monde-des-clubs/1577917|access-date=14 July 2025|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> '''Morocco Olympic''' * [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Bronze Medal]]: [[Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2024]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 August 2024|title=Egypt U23 vs Morocco U23: Olympics|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/olympics/live/c3w66nwv2l6t|access-date=9 August 2024|website=BBC Sport|language=}}</ref> '''Morocco''' * [[Africa Cup of Nations]]: [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations|2025]]<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|last=Aarons|first=Ed|date=2026-03-17|title=Senegal stripped of Africa Cup of Nations title over walkout protest in final|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2026/mar/17/senegal-stripped-of-africa-cup-of-nations-title-over-protest-in-chaotic-final|access-date=2026-03-18|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> * [[FIFA World Cup]] fourth place: [[2022 FIFA World Cup|2022]] '''Individual''' * [[African Footballer of the Year]]: 2025<ref>{{cite web|date=19 November 2025|title=Morocco football star Hakimi named African Footballer of the Year|url=https://www.france24.com/en/sport/20251119-morocco-football-star-hakimi-named-african-footballer-of-the-year-psg|access-date=19 November 2025|website=France 24}}</ref> * African Youth Player of the Year: 2018,<ref>{{cite news|title=Achraf Hakimi named 2018 African Youth Player of the Year|url=https://en.onefootball.com/achraf-hakimi-named-2018-african-youth-player-of-the-year/|website=OneFootball|date=8 January 2019|access-date=8 January 2019|archive-date=15 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515044737/https://onefootball.com/en/news/achraf-hakimi-named-2018-african-youth-player-of-the-year-23598218|url-status=live|archivedate=15 May 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515044737/https://onefootball.com/en/news/achraf-hakimi-named-2018-african-youth-player-of-the-year-23598218|deadurl=yes}}</ref> 2019<ref>{{cite news|title=Borussia Dortmund's Achraf Hakimi wins 2019 African Youth Player of the Year award|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/achraf-hakimi-on-african-youth-player-of-the-year-shortlist-borussia-dortmund-8942|publisher=Bundesliga|date=7 January 2020|access-date=8 October 2020|archive-date=2 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202020949/https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/achraf-hakimi-on-african-youth-player-of-the-year-shortlist-borussia-dortmund-8942|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CAF 2019">{{cite news|title=Mane, Oshoala named African Footballers of 2019 at CAF Awards|url=https://www.cafonline.com/awards/news/mane-oshoala-named-african-footballers-of-2019-at-caf-awards|publisher=Confederation of African Football|date=7 January 2020|access-date=7 January 2020|archive-date=11 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511072801/https://www.cafonline.com/awards/news/mane-oshoala-named-african-footballers-of-2019-at-caf-awards|url-status=live}}</ref> * Lion d'Or African Footballer of the Year: 2024,<ref>{{cite news|title=Achraf Hakimi wins the "Golden Lion" award|publisher=AlMountakhab|date=1 January 2024|access-date=6 December 2024|url=https://www.menara.ma/fr/article/hakimi-remporte-le-prix-lion-dor|archivedate=31 May 2025|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531221317/https://www.menara.ma/fr/article/hakimi-remporte-le-prix-lion-dor|deadurl=yes}}</ref> 2025<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://onefootball.com/en/news/achraf-hakimi-sacre-lion-dor-2025-meilleur-joueur-africain-41966806|title=Achraf Hakimi sacré "Lion d'Or" 2025, meilleur joueur africain|date=17 November 2025|website=OneFootball}}</ref> * [[Bundesliga]] Rookie of the Month: [[2018–19 Bundesliga|September 2018]],<ref>{{cite web|date=16 October 2018|title=Bundesliga: Achraf Hakimi wins the Bundesliga's Rookie of the Month award|url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/international-football/2018/10/16/5bc61ebce2704e01948b4629.html|access-date=7 March 2022|website=Marca|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307154258/https://www.marca.com/en/football/international-football/2018/10/16/5bc61ebce2704e01948b4629.html|url-status=live}}</ref> November 2018,<ref>{{cite news|title=Dortmund's Achraf Hakimi wins second Bundesliga Rookie of the Month award|url=https://www.goal.com/en-cm/news/dortmunds-achraf-hakimi-wins-second-bundesliga-rookie-of-the/1tb0g726bvskg1cxi2wc9t5jrs|access-date=7 March 2022|website=Goal.com|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307154302/https://www.goal.com/en-cm/news/dortmunds-achraf-hakimi-wins-second-bundesliga-rookie-of-the/1tb0g726bvskg1cxi2wc9t5jrs|url-status=live}}</ref> December 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rookie-award.com/en|title=Bundesliga Rookie Award|date=November 2018|publisher=Bundesliga|access-date=25 January 2020|archive-date=3 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103222706/https://www.rookie-award.com/en}}</ref> * Bundesliga Team of the Year: [[2019–20 Bundesliga|2019–20]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.planetfootball.com/quick-reads/the-2019-20-bundesliga-team-of-the-year-sancho-werner-havertz/|title=The 2019-20 Bundesliga Team of the Year: Sancho, Werner, Havertz...|author=<!--staff writer-->|date=10 July 2020|website=Planet Football|access-date=6 July 2021|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410200005/https://www.planetfootball.com/quick-reads/the-2019-20-bundesliga-team-of-the-year-sancho-werner-havertz/|url-status=live}}</ref> * Globe Soccer Awards Best Young Arab Player of the Year: 2019<ref>{{cite web|title=Achraf Hakimi - Best Young Arab Player of the Year|url=https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/achraf-hakimi-best-young-arab-player-of-the-year/|website=Globe Soccer|access-date=30 December 2019|archive-date=30 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230153033/https://www.globesoccer.com/winners/achraf-hakimi-best-young-arab-player-of-the-year/|url-status=live}}</ref> * Joy Awards Arab Sportsman of the Year: 2022<ref>{{cite news|last=Kasraoui|first=Safaa|date=22 January 2023|title=Morocco's Achraf Hakimi Dedicates Joy Awards Prize to His Mother|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/01/353653/moroccos-achraf-hakimi-dedicates-joy-awards-prize-to-his-mother|access-date=24 January 2023|website=Morocco World News|archive-date=24 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124154425/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/01/353653/moroccos-achraf-hakimi-dedicates-joy-awards-prize-to-his-mother|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=23 January 2023|title=Morocco's Hakimi named Arab Sportsman of the Year|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/64375957|access-date=24 January 2023|website=BBC Sport|archive-date=24 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124160838/https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/64375957|url-status=live}}</ref> * UEFA Champions League Breakthrough XI: 2019<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/025a-0e9f8ded0e4a-52bbb4b4d605-1000--champions-league-breakthrough-team-of-2019/|title=Champions League breakthrough team of 2019|date=30 December 2019|website=UEFA|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|access-date=25 January 2020|archive-date=30 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230124127/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2635905.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[Serie A Team of the Year]]: [[2020–21 Serie A|2020–21]]<ref name=":24">{{cite web|url=https://grangala.assocalciatori.it/gran-gala-del-calcio-2021-trionfano-lukaku-e-girelli-scopri-tutti-gli-altri-premiati/|title=Gran Galà del Calcio 2021: trionfano Lukaku e Girelli! Scopri tutti gli altri premiati|trans-title=Gran Galà del Calcio 2021: Lukaku and Girelli triumph! Discover all the other winners|date=19 March 2021|publisher=Gran Galà del Calcio|access-date=21 March 2022|archive-date=21 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321141803/https://grangala.assocalciatori.it/gran-gala-del-calcio-2021-trionfano-lukaku-e-girelli-scopri-tutti-gli-altri-premiati/|url-status=live|language=it}}</ref> * [[ESM Team of the Year]]: 2021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldsoccer.com/esm-golden-shoe/esm-team-of-the-season-2020-21-412505|title=ESM Team of the Season - 2020-21|date=7 June 2021|website=World Soccer|access-date=10 July 2021|archive-date=11 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611030051/https://www.worldsoccer.com/esm-golden-shoe/esm-team-of-the-season-2020-21-412505|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[IFFHS World Team#Men's winners|IFFHS Men's World Team]]: 2021,<ref>{{cite web|title=IFFHS Men's World Team of the Year 2021|url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1510|access-date=7 December 2021|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|archive-date=7 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207073547/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1510|url-status=live}}</ref> 2022,<ref>{{cite web|title=IFFHS MEN'S WORLD TEAM 2022|url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/2465|access-date=11 January 2023|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|archive-date=11 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111083043/https://iffhs.com/posts/2465|url-status=live}}</ref> 2025<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iffhs.com/posts/4833|title=IFFHS|website=iffhs.com|access-date=30 July 2026|archive-date=28 December 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251228185310/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/4833|dead-url=yes}}</ref> * [[IFFHS]] Africa Team of The Year: 2020,<ref>{{cite web|date=13 December 2020|title=CAF Men Team 2020 by IFFHS|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/832|access-date=13 December 2020|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309235201/https://www.iffhs.de/posts/832|url-status=live}}</ref> 2021,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1537|title=IFFHS Men's Continental Team of the Year 2021 - CAF|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|access-date=23 December 2021|archive-date=23 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223173945/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1537|url-status=live}}</ref> 2022,<ref>{{cite web|title=IFFHS Men's Continental Teams 2022 - CAF|url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/2474|access-date=16 January 2023|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|archive-date=16 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116222950/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/2474|url-status=live}}</ref> 2023,<ref>{{cite web|title=IFFHS Men's CAF Team 2023|url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/3323|access-date=16 January 2024|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|archive-date=18 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118130620/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/3323|url-status=live}}</ref> 2024,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://iffhs.com/posts/4108|title=IFFHS|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|access-date=30 July 2026|archive-date=15 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115222641/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/4108|dead-url=yes}}</ref> 2025<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iffhs.com/posts/4870|title=IFFHS|website=iffhs.com|access-date=30 July 2026|archive-date=17 February 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260217154725/https://iffhs.com/posts/4870|dead-url=yes}}</ref> * IFFHS All-time Morocco Men's Dream Team<ref>{{cite web|date=1 March 2022|title=IFFHS MEN'S ALL TIME MOROCCO DREAM TEAM - 135|url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1722|access-date=3 March 2022|publisher=International Federation of Football History & Statistics|archive-date=5 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305210756/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1722|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[CAF Team of the Year]]: 2019,<ref name="CAF 2019" /> 2023,<ref>{{cite news|date=12 November 2023|title=Osimhen, Oshoala named African Men's and Women's Player of the Year at the CAF Awards 2023|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news/osimhen-oshoala-named-african-men-s-and-women-s-player-of-the-year-at-the-caf-awards-2023/|access-date=12 December 2023|publisher=CAF}}</ref> [[CAF Team of the Year#2024|2024]]<ref>{{cite news|date=16 December 2024|title=African-team-of-the-year at 2024 CAF Awards in Marrakech, Morocco|url=https://www.footboom1.com/en/news/football/2190683-football-caf-awards-2024-african-team-of-the-year-announced-featuring-kalidou-koulibaly|access-date=16 December 2024|publisher=CAF}}</ref> * [[FIFPRO World 11]]: [[The Best FIFA Football Awards 2022#FIFA FIFPRO Men's World 11|2022]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fifpro.org/en/supporting-players/player-influence/world11/who-made-the-2022-fifa-fifpro-men-s-world-11/|title=Who made the 2022 FIFA FIFPRO Men's World 11?|publisher=FIFPRO|date=27 February 2023|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=28 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228031059/https://fifpro.org/en/supporting-players/player-influence/world11/who-made-the-2022-fifa-fifpro-men-s-world-11/|url-status=live}}</ref> 2025<ref>{{cite web|title=Who is in the 2025 FIFPRO Men's World 11?|url=https://fifpro.org/en/supporting-players/player-influence/world11/who-is-in-the-2025-fifpro-men-s-world-11|publisher=FIFPRO|date=3 November 2025|access-date=3 November 2025|archive-date=3 November 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251103152334/https://fifpro.org/en/supporting-players/player-influence/world11/who-is-in-the-2025-fifpro-men-s-world-11|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[The Best FIFA Football Awards#FIFA Men's World 11|FIFA Men's World 11]]: [[The Best FIFA Football Awards 2025#FIFA Men's World 11|2025]]<ref>{{cite web|title=PSG history-maker named in The Best Men's 11|url=https://fifa.com/en/the-best-fifa-football-awards/2025/articles/mens-11-revealed-2025|date=17 December 2025|access-date=11 April 2026|publisher=FIFA}}</ref> * [[Africa Cup of Nations awards#Team of the Tournament|Africa Cup of Nations Team of The Tournament]]: [[2021 Africa Cup of Nations#Best XI|2021]],<ref>{{cite tweet|user=CAF_Online|number=1490747184668717062|date=7 February 2022|access-date=7 February 2022|title=Not your average players Here is the #TotalEnergiesAFCON2021 best XI #AFCON2021}}</ref> [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations#Best XI|2025]]<ref>{{cite news|date=21 January 2026|title=Senegal and Morocco dominate the TotalEnergies CAF AFCON Morocco 2025 Best XI|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/senegal-and-morocco-dominate-the-totalenergies-caf-afcon-morocco-2025-best-xi/|access-date=21 January 2026|publisher=Confederation of African Football}}</ref> * UEFA Champions League Team of the Season: [[2024–25 UEFA Champions League#Team of the Season|2024–25]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/029a-1de594e11846-742ee836b971-1000--2024-25-champions-league-team-of-the-season/|title=2024/25 Champions League Team of the Season|website=UEFA|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|date=1 June 2025|access-date=1 June 2025}}</ref> * [[Ghana Football Awards]] Best African International: 2025<ref>{{cite web|last=Bamfo|first=Andrews Sefa|date=15 June 2025|title=2025 Ghana Football Awards: Achraf Hakimi named best African International|website=Kickoffghana|url=https://kickoffghana.com/2025-ghana-football-awards-achraf-hakimi-named-best-african-international/|access-date=1 July 2025|archive-date=16 March 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260316062800/https://kickoffghana.com/2025-ghana-football-awards-achraf-hakimi-named-best-african-international/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> * UMFP Best Moroccan player abroad: 2020–21,<ref>{{cite web|title=Achraf Hakimi elected best Moroccan player abroad|url=https://moroccolatestnews.com/achraf-hakimi-elected-best-moroccan-player-abroad/|website=Morocco Latest News|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307125102/https://moroccolatestnews.com/achraf-hakimi-elected-best-moroccan-player-abroad/|archive-date=7 March 2022}}</ref> 2021–22,<ref>{{cite web|last=BOCCO|first=Arnaud|date=10 July 2022|title=Achraf Hakimi élu meilleur joueur marocain de l'étranger|url=https://www.togogoal.tg/marocachraf-hakimi-elu-meilleur-joueur-marocain-de-letranger/|access-date=25 April 2025|website=TOGO GOAL|language=fr}}</ref> 2024–25<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-06-18|title=Communiqué de presse|url=https://umfp.divisionafrica.org/fr/communique-de-presse-3871|access-date=2025-10-17|website=Union Marocaine des Footballeurs Professionnels|language=fr|archive-date=17 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251017080843/https://umfp.divisionafrica.org/fr/communique-de-presse-3871|dead-url=yes}}</ref> * [[Union Nationale des Footballeurs Professionnels|UNFP]] Ligue 1 [[Trophées UNFP du football#Team of the Year|Team of the Year]]: 2022–23,<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=Messi, Rongier, Danso... L'équipe type de la saison de Ligue 1|trans-title=Messi, Rongier, Danso... The typical team of the Ligue 1 season|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Messi-rongier-danso-l-equipe-type-de-la-saison-de-ligue-1/1399239|access-date=29 May 2023|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> 2023–24,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Trophees-unfp-sept-joueurs-du-psg-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-saison-2023-2024-en-ligue-1/1467415|title=Trophées UNFP : Sept joueurs du PSG dans l'équipe type de la saison 2023-2024 en Ligue 1 (Foot)|trans-title=UNFP Trophies: Seven PSG players in the typical team of the 2023-2024 season in Ligue 1 (Football)|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> 2024–25,<ref>{{cite news|title=Trophées UNFP : Neuf joueurs du PSG dans l'équipe type de la saison en Ligue 1|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Trophees-unfp-neuf-joueurs-du-psg-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-saison-en-ligue-1/1561036|date=11 May 2025|access-date=11 May 2025|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> 2025–26<ref>{{cite news|title=Une domination du PSG et de Lens, l'OL et l'OM également représentés... L'équipe type de Ligue 1 des trophées UNFP|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Une-domination-du-psg-et-de-lens-l-ol-et-l-om-egalement-representes-l-equipe-type-de-ligue-1-des-trophees-unfp/1675094|date=11 May 2026|access-date=11 May 2026|publisher=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> * ''The Athletic'' Ligue 1 Team of the Season: 2023–24<ref name="Athletic 2324 PotS">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5476993/2024/05/21/athletic-end-of-season-awards-2023-24-men/|title=The Athletic's end-of-season awards, 2023–24: Men's football|website=The Athletic|date=21 May 2024|access-date=5 June 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604020851/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5476993/2024/05/21/athletic-end-of-season-awards-2023-24-men/|archive-date=4 June 2024|url-status=live|dead-url=unfit}}</ref> * ''The Athletic'' European Men's Team of the Season: 2024–25,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6336642/2025/05/20/athletic-end-of-season-awards-2024-25-men/|title=The Athletic's end-of-season awards, 2024-25: Men's football|website=The Athletic|date=28 May 2025}}</ref> 2025–26<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7295151/2026/05/22/athletic-awards-mens-2025-2026/|title=The Athletic’s end-of-season awards, 2025-26: Men’s football|first=The Athletic UK|last=Staff|date=24 May 2026|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> * [[Prix Marc-Vivien Foé]]: 2024–25<ref>{{cite web|last=Hattabi|first=Dahbia|date=12 May 2025|title=PSG : Achraf Hakimi remporte le Prix Marc-Vivien Foé|url=https://www.footmercato.net/a6118879661754421165-psg-achraf-hakimi-remporte-le-prix-marc-vivien-foe|access-date=12 May 2025|website=Foot Mercato : Info Transferts Football - Actu Foot Transfert|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=12 May 2025|title=Prix Marc-Vivien Foé 2025 : Hakimi et les autres, le classement complet|url=https://www.france24.com/fr/sports/20250512-ligue-1-prix-marc-vivien-fo%C3%A9-2025-hakimi-maroc-classement-complet|access-date=12 May 2025|website=France 24|language=fr}}</ref> '''Orders''' * [[Fáìlì:MAR_Order_of_the_Throne_-_2nd_Class_BAR.png|55x55px]] [[Order of the Throne]]: 2022<ref>{{cite web|url=http://telquel.ma/2016/09/02/les-dix-types-wissams-royaux-accordes-mohammed-vi_1512834|title=Les dix types de wissams royaux accordés par Mohammed VI|trans-title=The ten types of royal wissams granted by Mohammed VI|access-date=8 January 2023|archive-date=21 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221000838/https://telquel.ma/2016/09/02/les-dix-types-wissams-royaux-accordes-mohammed-vi_1512834#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url|url-status=dead|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/sport/1582217-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AD-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%9F|script-title=ar:ما هو "وسام العرش" الذي وشح به ملك المغرب "أسود الأطلس"؟|trans-title=What is the "Order of the Throne" that the King of Morocco decorated the "Atlas Lions" with?|work=Sky News Arabia|date=21 December 2022|access-date=9 March 2023|language=ar|archive-date=4 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304013914/https://www.skynewsarabia.com/sport/1582217-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AD-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%9F|url-status=live}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category}} * [https://www.psg.fr/en/players/achraf-hakimi Profile] at the Paris Saint-Germain FC website * {{LFP Ligue 1|new_id=13_93940|old_id=achraf-hakimi}} * {{UEFA player}} * {{FIFA player}} * {{Olympics.com|achraf-hakimi}} * {{CNOM profile|hakimi-achraf}} * {{Instagram|achrafhakimi}} {{Paris Saint-Germain FC squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Morocco squads|bg=#BA1219|fg=white|bordercolor=#006233|list1={{Morocco squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}} {{Morocco squad 2019 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Morocco squad 2021 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Morocco squad 2022 FIFA World Cup}} {{Morocco squad 2023 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Morocco men's football squad 2024 Summer Olympics}} {{Morocco squad 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Morocco squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{Navboxes|title=Awards|bg=gold|fg=navy|list={{2021 Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament}} {{2025 Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament}} {{2020–21 Serie A Team of the Year}} {{2022–23 Ligue 1 UNFP Team of the Year}} {{2023–24 Ligue 1 UNFP Team of the Year}} {{2024–25 Ligue 1 UNFP Team of the Year}} {{2025–26 Ligue 1 UNFP Team of the Year}} {{2022 FIFA FIFPRO World 11}} {{2025 FIFA FIFPRO World 11}} {{2019 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2023 CAF Team of the Year}} {{2024 CAF Team of the Year}} {{Marc-Vivien Foé Award}} {{African Footballer of the Year}}}}{{Authority control}} sv3gp61dxz4umida0cyfxvhcnxnkyqo 0 82046 637117 630376 2026-09-17T02:10:59Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637117 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Akinade Moses Ibukun|image=|caption=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|2001|2|12|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Ibadan]], Nigeria|height=1.76 m|position=[[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|Centre-forward]]|currentclub=Soda City|clubnumber=|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=|years1=2016–2018|clubs1=[[F.C. Ebedei|Ebedei]]|caps1=|goals1=|years2=2018–2019|clubs2=[[Heartland F.C.|Heartland]]|caps2=7|goals2=0|years3=2019–2021|clubs3=[[Binatlı Yılmaz S.K.|Binatlı Yılmaz]]|caps3=33|goals3=13|years4=2021|clubs4=[[Bahrain SC]]|caps4=|goals4=|years5=2021–2022|clubs5=[[Yenicami Ağdelen]]|caps5=17|goals5=2|years6=2022|clubs6=[[Kwara United F.C.|Kwara United]]|caps6=4|goals6=0|years7=2022–2023|clubs7=[[Tala'ea El Gaish SC|Tala'ea El Gaish]]|caps7=3|goals7=0|years8=2023|clubs8=→ [[Baladiyat El Mahalla SC|Baladiyat El Mahalla]] (loan)|caps8=|goals8=|years9=2024–|clubs9=Soda City|caps9=|goals9=|club-update=31 January 2025}} '''Akinade Moses Ibukun''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù kejì ọdún 2001) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ ajumọṣe bọọlu afẹsẹgba United Premier Soda City FC. == Iṣẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ == Akinade bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga fún Ebedei ní ọdún 2016. Ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2018, Akinade dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ Heartland FC, ẹgbẹ́ ajumọṣe bọ́ọ̀lù Ọjọ́gbọ́n Nàìjíríà <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/m-akinade-666732|title=M. Akinade|publisher=besoccer.com|accessdate=3 July 2021|archivedate=9 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184455/https://www.besoccer.com/player/m-akinade-666732|deadurl=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.footballlive.ng/akinade-heartland-will-beat-the-dreaded-drop-zone/|title=Akinade: Heartland will beat the dreaded drop zone|publisher=footballlive.ng|accessdate=3 July 2021|archivedate=25 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625080249/https://www.footballlive.ng/akinade-heartland-will-beat-the-dreaded-drop-zone/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thecable.ng/npfl-coaches-players-saying-week-18-results|title=NPFL: What coaches, players are saying about week 18 results|accessdate=3 July 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/nigeria-professional-league/story/3628571/aiteo-cup-nigeria-shooting-stars-heartland-shocked|title=Shooting Stars, Heartland dumped out of Aiteo Cup|publisher=espn.com|accessdate=3 July 2021}}</ref> === Àríwá Kípírọ́sì === Akindate dara pọ̀ mọ́ Binatlı Yılmaz SK ní àkókò ìgbeyàwó ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn ọdún 2019 sí 2020. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ktff.org/InfoBank/PlayerDetails/19397|title=MOSES IBUKUN AKINADE|publisher=ktff.org|accessdate=3 July 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.freekicknaija.com.ng/akinade-hits-3rd-league-goal-in-northern-cyprus/|title=Akinade hits 3rd league goal in Northern Cyprus|publisher=freekicknaija.com.ng|accessdate=3 July 2021|archivedate=9 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183026/https://www.freekicknaija.com.ng/akinade-hits-3rd-league-goal-in-northern-cyprus/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.kibrishakikat.com/haber-futbolda-cezalar-aciklandi-36442.html|title=Futbolda Cezalar Açıklandı.|publisher=kibrishakikat.com|accessdate=3 July 2021|archivedate=9 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182332/https://www.kibrishakikat.com/haber-futbolda-cezalar-aciklandi-36442.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> === Bahrayn === Lẹ́yìn tí àdéhùn Qatar kan já sí òfo, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Bahrain SC fún ọdún méjì. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://soccerbaze.net/nigeria-striker-moses-signs-for-bahrain-fc/|title=Nigeria Striker Moses signs for Bahrain FC|publisher=soccerbaze.net|accessdate=3 July 2021|archivedate=9 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182332/https://soccerbaze.net/nigeria-striker-moses-signs-for-bahrain-fc/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 2001]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] 76urlfnovejplkplqgjtautkgph96yx 0 82673 637113 632323 2026-09-17T01:12:58Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Nigerian politician (born 1956)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}} {{Infobox person | name = Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo | other_names = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1956|4|25}} | birth_place = [[Iwo, Osun|Iwo]], [[Western Nigeria|Western Region]], [[British Nigeria]] (now in [[Osun State]], Nigeria) | occupation = [[Politician]] | alma_mater = {{plainlist| *[[The polytechnic, Ibadan]] *[[Obafemi Awolowo University]] }} | political_party = [[African Democratic Congress]] }} '''Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo''' (Tí wón bi ni ọjọ́ kárùndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹrìn ọdún 1956) jẹ́ [[Senate of Nigeria|senator]] ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó òun ṣojú Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn [[Osun State|Osun]] ní Ilé-Aṣòfin Àgbà Kẹsàn-án ti Ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.osun.life/tag/adelere-oriolowo/|title=Adelere Oriolowo|website=osun.life|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=editing |date=2021-07-11 |title=All Progressives Congress Party Senator Commissions Airtel Mast In Osun As Community Project |url=https://saharareporters.com/2021/07/11/all-progressives-congress-party-senator-commissions-airtel-mast-osun-community-project |location=New York City, United States|access-date=2022-03-16 |newspaper=[[Sahara Reporters]]}}</ref> Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú [[African Democratic Congress]] ti ó sì tún jẹ́ engineer bákaná.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://punchng.com/senatorial-seat-apc-pdp-adp-and-verdict-of-voters/|title=Senatorial seat: APC, PDP, ADP and verdict of voters|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|date=8 February 2019 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-22}}</ref> ==Ìgbésí-ayé àti Iṣẹ́== A Wọ́n bí Oriolowo ní Molete, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria. Orúkọ Baba rẹ ni Raheem Akanji tí rẹ ń sì ń jé ìyá Salimat Abidemi Oriolowo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.adabanijaglobal.com.ng/biography-of-engineer-adelere-adeyemi-oriolowo-the-apc-osunwest-senatorial-candidate/|title=Biography of Engineer Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo the APC OsunWest senatorial candidate.|last=Kamorudeen|first=Adabanija|date=2018-12-27|website=Omo Adabanija Global|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-22|archive-date=10 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250810040944/https://www.adabanijaglobal.com.ng/biography-of-engineer-adelere-adeyemi-oriolowo-the-apc-osunwest-senatorial-candidate/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Ó lọ sí ilé-ìwé alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ DC School Oke-Ifa (Oke Ifa) àti Baptist Day School, Oke-Odo (1964–1970), Iwo. Ó dá ẹ̀kọ́ alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ rẹ̀ dúró láti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùtọ́jú-ilé-ìtajà ní àárín 1968 sí 1969 ní [[Agboville|Agbovile]], Ivory Coast, láti lè sanwó ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀ ní Baptist High School, níbi tí ó ti parí ní ọdún 1975.<ref name=":0" /> Lẹ́yìn náà, ó lọ sí [[The Polytechnic, Ibadan]] fún ọdún méjì, ó sì gba [[BTEC Extended Diploma|Ordinary National Diploma]] (OND) nínú Mechanical Engineering ní ọdún 1978, lẹ́yìn èyí tí ó lo ọdún kan tí ó fi ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní Nigerian Bottling Company tí [[Coca-Cola]] ń darí gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mechanical Supervisor. Ní Odún 1984, ó gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí BSc nínú ìmọ̀ Agricultural Engineering ní [[Obafemi Awolowo University]], tí a mọ̀ sí University of Ife tẹ́lẹ̀.<ref name=":0" /> Ní ọdún 1985, lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣe ìsìnlú [[National Youth Service Corps]] Ọlọ́dún kan parí, Oriolowo sisé gẹ́gẹ́bi olùkọ́ni fún ìgbà dí è, ní Bishop Onabanjo High School ní [[Bodija]] àti ní Ile-ogbo Anglican Church Grammar School. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Onímọ̀-ẹ̀rọ Àgbẹ̀ ní Oyo North Agricultural Development Project ní [[Shaki, Oyo]], ó sì ń bójútó àwọn ẹ̀ka àyáránṣe tractor. Wọ́n gbé e ga sí Executive Agro Processor ní Odún 1989. Ní 1991, wọ́n gbà á ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Principal Irrigation Engineer tí ó ń bójútó FADAMA I Coordination títí di ọdún 1992. Ní ọdún 1997, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Osun State Agricultural Development Programme gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùrànlọ́wọ́ olùdarí, ó di igbákejì olùdarí ní ọdún 2001 àti Olùdarí tí ó ń bójútó Engineering Services ní ọdún 2005.<ref name=":0" /> ==Iṣẹ́ Olóṣèlú== Níbi ìdìbò [[2019 Nigerian Senate election in Osun State]], wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí sẹ́nétọ̀ tí ó ń ṣojú fún Osun West Federal Constituency ní [[Senate of Nigeria]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dailypost.ng/2019/02/24/nigeria-election-result-apc-wins-2-senatorial-seats-6-reps-osun-hoodlums-attack-inec-office/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Nigeria Election Result: APC wins 2 senatorial seats, 6 reps in Osun, as hoodlums attack INEC office|last=Olaniyi|first=Ajibola|date=2019-02-24|newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-22}}</ref> Ṣáájú yíyàn án, ó jẹ́ General Manager ti Osun State Agricultural Development Corporation láti ọdún 2007 sí 2013 àti Permanent Secretary ti Ministry of Water Resources, Rural Development and Community Affairs ti Osun láti 2013 sí 2016, ó sì ni òbí sí enikasaye olanrewaju samuel.<ref name=":0" /> == Ọmọ Ẹgbẹ́ == * [[Nigerian Society of Engineers]], 1992 * Nigerian Institution of Agricultural Engineers, 1993 ==Ìtọ́kasí == m365req2qbba9wzgjmgja0cshkyg9br 0 83791 637154 635613 2026-09-17T07:49:53Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Republic of the Congo athlete}} {{Multiple issues| {{Cleanup translation|French|type=check|listed=nolist|date=November 2022}} {{BLP sources|date=May 2016}} }} {{Infobox sportsperson | header_color = lightblue | name = Jennifer Batu Bawsita | image = <!-- name.jpg --> | image_size = <!--Only for images narrower than 220 pixels.--> | caption = | full_name = | nickname = | nationality = {{CGO}} | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1993|10|24|df=yes}} | birth_place = | death_date = <!-- {{death date and age|death year|death month|death day|birth year|birth month|birth day}} --> | death_place = | monuments = | education = | occupation = | years_active = | other_interests = | website = | country = | sport = Athletics | rank = | event = Hammer Throw | league = | league_type = | employer = | agent = | height = <!--{{convert|0|cm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} --> | weight = <!--{{convert|0|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}--> | university_team = | college_team = | club = | team = | turned_pro = | partner = | former_partner = | coach = | coaching = | retired = | worlds = | regionals = | nationals = | olympics = | paralympics = | highest_ranking = | personal_best = | medal_templates = {{MedalSport | Women's [[Sport of athletics|athletics]]}} {{MedalCountry | {{CGO}} }} {{MedalCompetition|[[African Games]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games|2015 Brazzaville]]| Hammer throw}} {{MedalCompetition|[[African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[2018 African Championships in Athletics|2018 Asaba]]|[[2018 African Championships in Athletics – Women's hammer throw|Hammer throw]]}} | show_medals = | updated = }} '''Jennifer Batu Bawsita''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1993 ní Montereau Fault Yonne ), ó jẹ́ eléré orí páápá [[Fránsì|ọmọ orílẹ̀-]] [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò|èdè Congo]] tí ó jẹ́ ògbóǹtarìgí nínú eré ìjù ònlù hammer throw . == Ìtàn Ìgbésí Ayé == Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kópa nínú eré ìdárayá ní ọdún 2004, ó sì ṣojú ẹgbẹ́ Us Nemours Saint Pierre athletics títí di ọdún 2011, nígbà tí ó darapọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ [[:fr:Entente Franconville Césame Val d'Oise|l'Entente Franconville Césame Val d'Oise]]. Ní ọdún 2015, ó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ bàbà ní [[Athletics at the 2015 African Games|Àwọn Eré Àfríkà]] ní [[Brazzaville]], lẹ́yìn tí ó ju òòlù sí ìjìnnà 62.13 mítà. Pẹ̀lú àbájáde yìí, ó mú àkọsílẹ̀ ara rẹ̀ sunwọ̀n sí i, ó sì tún ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ tuntun fún orílẹ̀-èdè Congo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=[https://adiac-congo.com/content/jeux-africains-le-bronze-pour-jennifer-batu-au-lancer-de-marteau-38467/](https://adiac-congo.com/content/jeux-africains-le-bronze-pour-jennifer-batu-au-lancer-de-marteau-38467/) |title=Jeux africains : le bronze pour Jennifer Batu au lancer de marteau |website=adiac-congo.com |language=fr |date=14 September 2015 |accessdate=14 September 2015 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Akọsílẹ̀ àwọn eré ìje == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing the {{CGO}} |- |2015 |[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games|African Games]] |[[Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |Hammer throw |[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games – Women's hammer throw|62.13 m]] |- |2016 |[[2016 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Durban, South Africa]] |6th |Hammer Throw |[[2016 African Championships in Athletics – Women's hammer throw|60.00 m]] |- |2017 |[[Athletics at the 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie|Jeux de la Francophonie]] |[[Abidjan, Ivory Coast]] |4th |Hammer Throw |[[Athletics at the 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie – Results#Hammer throw|62.79 m]] |- |2018 |[[2018 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Asaba, Nigeria]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |Hammer throw |[[2018 African Championships in Athletics – Women's hammer throw|66.43 m]] |- |2019 |[[Athletics at the 2019 African Games|African Games]] |[[Rabat, Morocco]] |11th |Hammer throw |[[Athletics at the 2019 African Games – Women's hammer throw|54.04 m]] |} ==Ìtọ́kasí== fbwu8sy8e87ulaufkt1yh3yub4jpjyl 0 83792 637155 635824 2026-09-17T08:05:45Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637155 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Jonatan Alessandro|fullname=Jonatan Alberto Alessandro|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1987|1|5|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Buenos Aires]], Argentina|height={{Height|m=1.78}}|position=[[Forward (association football)|Forward]]<ref>{{WorldFootball.net|jonathan-alessandro-alberto}}</ref>|currentclub=[[L'Aquila 1927|L'Aquila]]|clubnumber=20|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=[[Ternana Calcio|Ternana]]|years1=2006–2011|caps1=40|goals1=3|clubs1=[[Ternana Calcio|Ternana]]|years2=2007|caps2=7|goals2=0|clubs2=→ [[ASD Nuova Igea Virtus|Igea Virtus]] (loan)|years3=2007–2008|caps3=17|goals3=2|clubs3=→ [[US Catanzaro 1929|Catanzaro]] (loan)|years4=2009|caps4=11|goals4=4|clubs4=→ [[Atletico Roma FC|Cisco Roma]] (loan)|years5=2011–2012|caps5=20|goals5=8|clubs5=[[ASD Sporting Terni|Sporting Terni]]|years6=2012–2013|caps6=56|goals6=10|clubs6=[[SSD Chieti FC 1922|Chieti]]|years7=2013–2014|caps7=42|goals7=5|clubs7=[[Cosenza Calcio|Cosenza]]|years8=2014–2015|caps8=12|goals8=3|clubs8=[[US Sambenedettese|Sambenedettese]]|years9=2015–2016|caps9=34|goals9=15|clubs9=[[ASD Campobasso 1919|Campobasso]]|years10=2016–2018|caps10=53|goals10=22|clubs10=[[Delta Calcio Porto Tolle SSD|Delta Rovigo]]|years11=2018|caps11=13|goals11=1|clubs11=[[Avezzano Calcio|Avezzano]]|years12=2018–2019|caps12=24|goals12=13|clubs12=[[ASD Campobasso 1919|Campobasso]]|years13=2019–2020|caps13=19|goals13=3|clubs13=[[AS Pineto Calcio|Pineto]]|years14=2020–2021|caps14=32|goals14=9|clubs14=[[Latina Calcio 1932|Latina]]|years15=2021–2022|caps15=32|goals15=14|clubs15=[[Vastese Calcio 1902|Vastese]]|years16=2022–|caps16=8|goals16=1|clubs16=[[L'Aquila 1927|L'Aquila]]|club-update=20 February 2023}} '''Jonatan Alberto Alessandro''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kìíní ọdún 1987) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ará Argentina tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù L'Aquila ti ilẹ̀ Italy. == Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé == === Ternana === Alessandro ni a bi ni Buenos Aires, olu-ilu Argentina, o si gbe lọ si Italy nigba ti o wa ni ọdọ. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdọ Ternana . Ó kọ́kọ́ gbá bọ́ọ̀lù rẹ̀ ní 2006–07 Serie C1 . Ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2007, wọ́n yá a fún ẹgbẹ́ Serie C2 Igea Virtus – Barcellona <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ternanacalcio.com/index.php?module=loadArticolo&idArticolo=1229|title=Bilancio mercato di Gennaio|date=1 February 2007|accessdate=28 July 2010|publisher=Ternana Calcio|language=Italian}}</ref> pẹ̀lú Alessandro Marotta . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tuttomercatoweb.com/?action=read&id=46884|archivedate=16 June 2012|title=Igea Virtus: ecco Marotta dal Martina|date=4 January 2007|accessdate=28 July 2010|publisher=Tutto Mercato Web|language=Italian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616055317/http://www.tuttomercatoweb.com/?action=read&id=46884|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2007, Catanzaro fọwọ́ sí i. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ternanacalcio.com/index.php?module=loadArticolo&idArticolo=1352|title=Ceduti tre giovani|date=31 August 2007|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Ternana Calcio|language=Italian}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ ọgbọ̀n oṣù kìíní ọdún 2009, Alessandro lọ sí Cisco Roma . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ternanacalcio.com/index.php?module=loadArticolo&idArticolo=1683|title=Alessandro ceduto alla Cisco Roma|date=30 January 2009|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Ternana Calcio|language=Italian}}</ref> Alessandro di ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ déédéé fún Ternana láti ọdún 2009 sí 2011, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó jẹ́ arọ́pò (27 gẹ́gẹ́ bí arọ́pò nínú ìfarahàn 35). Ní ọdún 2011, ó lọ sí ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Serie D Sporting Terni (ìpele gíga jùlọ nínú bọ́ọ̀lù aláfẹ́fẹ́ àti ìpele karùn-ún ti Itali títí di ọdún 2014). Ẹgbẹ́ náà lo pápá ìṣeré ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n wà ní ìlú kan náà pẹ̀lú Ternana. === Chieti === Ni ọjọ 28 Oṣu Kini Ọdun 2012 Alessandro pada si bọọlu alamọdaju fun Lega Pro Seconda Divisione (ex–Serie C2) club Chieti . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/344-calciomercato-il-chieti-ufficializza-lacquisto-di-jonathan-alessandro.html|title=Calciomercato: il Chieti ufficializza l'acquisto di Jonathan Alessandro|date=28 January 2012|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Chieti Calcio|language=Italian|archivedate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425024428/http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/344-calciomercato-il-chieti-ufficializza-lacquisto-di-jonathan-alessandro.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Alessandro ni agbábọ́ọ̀lù alágbábọ́ọ̀lù tó wà ní àárín gbùngbùn nínú ìṣètò 4-2-3-1 nínú àwọn ìdíje mẹ́ta àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìdíje ìdàgbàsókè. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/511-aprilia-chieti-2-2-pari-spettacolo-con-eurogol-di-del-pinto-appuntamento-a-domenica-prossima-allangelini.html|title=Aprilia - Chieti 2-2: pari spettacolo con eurogol di Del Pinto, appuntamento a domenica prossima!|date=20 May 2012|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Chieti Calcio|language=Italian|archivedate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425023331/http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/511-aprilia-chieti-2-2-pari-spettacolo-con-eurogol-di-del-pinto-appuntamento-a-domenica-prossima-allangelini.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/523-chieti-aprilia-1-1-a-sabbatini-risponde-germani-la-finale-e-chieti-paganese.html|title=Chieti-Aprilia 1-1: a Sabbatini risponde Germani. La finale è Chieti-Paganese!|date=27 May 2012|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Chieti Calcio|language=Italian|archivedate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425023410/http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/523-chieti-aprilia-1-1-a-sabbatini-risponde-germani-la-finale-e-chieti-paganese.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/532-paganese-chieti-2-0-ko-pesante-ma-ora-tutti-uniti-a-caccia-dellimpresa.html|title=Paganese-Chieti 2-0: ko pesante ma ora tutti uniti a caccia dell'impresa!|date=3 June 2012|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Chieti Calcio|language=Italian|archivedate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425023415/http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/532-paganese-chieti-2-0-ko-pesante-ma-ora-tutti-uniti-a-caccia-dellimpresa.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Alessandro pada lati mu ipo rẹ deede ni aarin agbabọọlu ni ere ti o kẹhin, pẹlu Giuseppe Lacarra gẹgẹbi olubori. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/544-chieti-paganese-0-0-il-bunker-campano-regge-solo-tanti-applausi-per-i-neroverdi.html|title=Chieti - Paganese 0-0: il bunker campano regge, solo tanti applausi per i neroverdi|date=10 June 2012|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Chieti Calcio|language=Italian|archivedate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425024536/http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/544-chieti-paganese-0-0-il-bunker-campano-regge-solo-tanti-applausi-per-i-neroverdi.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ó tún àdéhùn náà ṣe ní ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù keje. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/578-anche-jonatan-alessandro-a-colledimezzo-con-litalo-argentino-gli-ex-lanciano-verna-e-di-filippo.html|title=Anche Jonatan Alessandro a Colledimezzo: con l'italo argentino gli ex Lanciano Verna e Di Filippo|date=22 July 2012|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Chieti Calcio|language=Italian|archivedate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425030007/http://www.chieticalcio.com/nuovosito/index.php/archivio-news/578-anche-jonatan-alessandro-a-colledimezzo-con-litalo-argentino-gli-ex-lanciano-verna-e-di-filippo.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> === Cosenza === Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù keje ọdún 2013, Cosenza fọwọ́ sí Alessandro. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ilcosenza.it/news3/500-ecco-jonathan-alessandro-le-sue-serpentine-ci-faranno-dimenticare-presto-biccio-arcidiacono.html|title=Ecco Jonathan Alessandro: le sue serpentine ci faranno dimenticare presto Biccio Arcidiacono|date=28 July 2013|accessdate=22 April 2014|publisher=Cosenza Calcio|language=Italian|archivedate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425070241/http://www.ilcosenza.it/news3/500-ecco-jonathan-alessandro-le-sue-serpentine-ci-faranno-dimenticare-presto-biccio-arcidiacono.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ẹgbẹ́ náà wà lára àwọn ẹgbẹ́ méje mìíràn tí wọ́n gbà sí ẹ̀ka kẹrin láti ọdún 2013–14 Serie D láti fi kún àwọn ipò tí ó wà ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹjọ. [ nb 1 ] Sibẹsibẹ o tun rii ni opin akoko 2013–14 awọn ẹka meji ti Lega Pro yoo darapọ, ati idinku awọn ẹgbẹ mọ́kàndínláàdọ́rin si awọn ẹgbẹ ọgọ́ta, nitorinaa awọn ẹgbẹ méjìdínlógún dipo awọn ẹgbẹ ''m''ẹ́sán yoo jẹ idinku. Ní ìpele méjílélọ́gbọ̀n, ẹgbẹ́ náà ni ó gba ipò kejì, wọ́n sì ti gbé e ga sí Serie C ní ọ̀nà ìṣirò. Alessandro gba góólù márùn-ún gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbá bọ́ọ̀lù kẹrin nínú ẹgbẹ́ náà, lẹ́yìn Gianluca De Angelis, Manolo Mosciaro àti Elio Calderini . === Serie D === Ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2020, Alessandro fọwọ́ sí ìwé àdéhùn fún Latina níbi tí ó ti kópa pàtàkì nínú gbígba Latina ní ìgbéga sí Serie C. Ní àsìkò 2020–21, ó gba góólù mẹ́sàn-án nínú àwọn eré mẹ́rìnlélọ́gbọ̀n nígbà tí Latina parí ní ipò kejì nínú Serie D Girone G. Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2021, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Vastese ní eré Serie D. == Àwọn Àkíyèsí Àkọ́kọ́ == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|group=nb}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1987]] epoklakcj5iuo6npxp78aufaiplj9se 0 84012 637167 636477 2026-09-17T09:54:08Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Mobolaji Dawodu|image=|birth_date=1980|birth_place=|nationality=|citizenship=[[Nigeria]]|occupation=Costume designer|years active=}}'''Mobolaji Olujimi Dawodu''' Ó jẹ́ oníṣẹ́ ìmọ̀ nípa aṣọ àti ìwọ̀-aṣọ (fashion stylist) láti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Amẹ́ríkà. Ó gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olóòtú àti olùdarí fún apá tó dá lórí aṣọ àti ìwọ̀-aṣọ <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.glossy.co/modern-media/day-in-the-life-gq-styles-fashion-director-mobolaji-dawodu|title=Day in the Life|website=www.glossy.co|language=en|access-date=2018-03-16|archive-date=2019-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306042831/https://www.glossy.co/modern-media/day-in-the-life-gq-styles-fashion-director-mobolaji-dawodu|dead-url=yes}}</ref>ní ilé-iṣẹ́ ìwé-ìròyìn GQStyle, níbi tí ó ti ṣètò bí àwọn gbajúmọ̀ bíi Brad Pitt, Jared Leto, <ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-08-26|title=Meet GQ Style Fashion Editor Mobolaji Dawodu|language=en|work=GQ|editor-last=|editor-first=|url=https://www.gq.com/story/meet-fashion-editor-mobolaji-dawodu|access-date=2018-03-16}}</ref>àti Mahershala Ali ṣe máa ń wọ aṣọ wọn.<ref name="mtv">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3013744/meet-the-stylist-behind-those-iconic-vulnerable-brad-pitt-pictures/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519205301/http://www.mtv.com/news/3013744/meet-the-stylist-behind-those-iconic-vulnerable-brad-pitt-pictures/|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 19, 2017|title=Meet The Stylist Behind Those Iconic, Vulnerable Brad Pitt Pictures|work=MTV News|access-date=2018-03-16|language=en|archivedate=2018-03-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317035824/http://www.mtv.com/news/3013744/meet-the-stylist-behind-those-iconic-vulnerable-brad-pitt-pictures/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ó tún ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣètò aṣọ fún fíìmù Disney tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ *Queen of Katwe* (2016). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://coveteur.com/2016/09/14/mobolaji-dawodu-gq-style-fashion-editor-closet/|title=Mobolaji Dawodu GQ Style Fashion Editor Closet|website=coveteur.com|access-date=2018-03-16}}</ref>Dawodu ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníṣẹ́ ìmọ̀ nípa aṣọ àti ìwọ̀-aṣọ fún àwọn ìwé-ìròyìn GQ àti Fader, bẹ́ẹ̀ sì ni ó tún ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣètò aṣọ fún àwọn fíìmù *Queen of Katwe* àti *Where is Kyra?* == Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == Dawodu dàgbà ní ìlú Eko, Nàìjíríà àti Virginia, ní Amẹ́ríkà . Ìyá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ọmọ [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Amẹ́ríkà]] àti baba rẹ̀ [[ọmọ Nàìjíríà]] . <ref name="mtv" /> Dawodu pada si [[Nàìjíríà|Naijiria]] pẹlu awọn obi rẹ nigbati o wa ni ọsẹ marun. Ó padà sí Virginia nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́wàá. <ref name="vogue">{{Cite news|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/queen-of-katwe-costume|title=Queen of Katwe's Costume Designer on Why African Style Is Ready for Its Close-Up|journal=Vogue|accessdate=2018-03-16|language=en}}</ref> Ìyá rẹ̀ ní iṣẹ́ aṣọ kan tí ó so àṣà ìgbàlódé pọ̀ mọ́ aṣọ ìbílẹ̀. <ref name="vogue" /> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] t2191a7lq751r3qebjkyl4jiy46lmk2 0 84132 637146 636545 2026-09-17T07:23:05Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637146 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Politics of Abia State}} The '''Executive Council of Abia State''' ((ní ọ̀nà tí kì í ṣe ti ìjọba gangan tàbí èyí tí ó wọ́pọ̀ jù, wọ́n máa ń pè é ní Ìgbìmọ̀ Àwọn Àgbà-òṣìṣẹ́ Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia) ni àjọ ìjọba tó ga jùlọ tí ó ń kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia ní Nàìjíríà, èyí tí Gómìnà Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia sì ń darí rẹ̀.<ref>{{Cite news|archivedate=21 October 2015}}</ref> IÓ ní nínú igbakeji gomina, Akọ̀wé sí Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀, Olórí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ (Chief of Staff), àwọn Kọmíṣọ́nà tí wọ́n ń darí àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìjọba, àti àwọn olùrànlọ́wọ́ pàtàkì fún gomina. Gomina ló máa ń ṣe àṣàyàn àti yíyàn àwọn ènìyàn sí àwọn ipò wọ̀nyí—àyàfi ipò igbakeji gomina—pẹ̀lú ìfọwọ́sí àti ìjẹ́rìí-ìfọwọ́sí láti ọ̀dọ̀ Ilé-ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia.<ref>{{Cite news|archivedate=31 July 2015}}</ref> == Àwọn iṣẹ́ == Ní ìjọ́ba, ìgbìmọ̀ alákòóso wà láti gbani nímọ̀ràn àti láti darí gómìnà láti lè mú iṣẹ́ gómìnà sunwọ̀n síi lórí àlàáfíà ìpínlẹ̀ náà. Yíyàn wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀ alákòóso fún wọn ní àṣẹ láti ṣe agbára. == Àwọn kábíìnì lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ == Igbimọ alaṣẹ lọwọlọwọ n ṣiṣẹ labẹ ijọba [[Okezie Ikpeazu]], ẹniti o gba ipo gomina kẹrin ti Ipinle Abia ni ọjọ kọkandinlọgbọn oṣu karun ọdun 2015. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/history-made-in-abia-as-ikpeazu-becomes-governor/210616/|title=History made in Abia as Ikpeazu Becomes Governor|last1=Emmanuel|first1=Ugwu|location=[[Umuahia]]|date=30 May 2015|access-date=3 October 2015|archivedate=6 October 2015|newspaper=[[This Day]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006155501/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/history-made-in-abia-as-ikpeazu-becomes-governor/210616/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2019, gómìnà àgbà ti Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] búra fún àwọn ìgbìmọ̀ tuntun àyàfi ọ́fíìsì olórí òṣìṣẹ́ rẹ̀, Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ìròyìn àti Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ìdájọ́ àti agbẹjọ́rò gbogbogbò, Barr Uche Ihediwa. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://punchng.com/ikpeazu-swears-in-23-commissioners/?amp=1/|title=Ikpeazu Ikpeazu Swears in 23 Commissioners|date=17 October 2019|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ikpeazu-swears-in-27-new-commissioners/?amp=1/|title=Ikpeazu Ikpeazu Swears in 27 new Commissioners|date=26 October 2021|newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !Office !Incumbent |- |Governor |[[Okezie Ikpeazu]] |- |Deputy Governor |Ude Oko Chukwu |- |Secretary to the State Government |Barr. Chris Ezem |- |Head of Service |Sir Onyii Wamah |- |Chief of Staff |Okey Ahiwe: 11 April 2022-31 January 2023 |- |Deputy Chief of Staff (Governor's Office) |Vancant currently |- |Deputy Chief of Staff (Deputy Governor's Office) |Sir Don Ubani |- |Commissioner for Finance |Dr. Aham Uko |- |Commissioner for Budget and Planning |Vacant |- |Commissioner for Corporatives & Rural Development |Mazi Donatus Okorie |- |Commissioner for Basic Education |Chief Emma Ukwu |- |Commissioner for Post- Basic Education |Barr Chijioke Mark |- |Attorney general/Commissioner for Justice |Barr. Uche Ihediwa |- |Commissioner for Health |Dr Joe Osuji |- |Commissioner for Housing |Chief Chinagorom Nwankpa |- |Commissioner for Inter-government affairs |Obinna Okey |- |Commissioner for Parastatals |Monday Ejiegbu |- |Commissioner for Industry |Mrs Uwaoma Olewengwa |- |Commissioner for Information |Barr Eze Chikamnayo |- |Commissioner for Joint projects |Barr Chinenye Emelogu |- |Commissioner for Documentation and Strategic Communication |Ugochukwu N Emezue |- |Commissioner for special duties/Vulnerable group |Chief Chisom Nwachukwu |- |Commissioner for Local Government and Chieftaincy |Prince Christopher Enweremadu |- |Commissioner for Petroleum |Chief Eze Nwanganga |- |Commissioner for Public Utilities |Chief Kingsley Imaga |- |Commissioner for SMEs Development |Mrs Adaku Uwaoma Onusirika Osieza |- |Commissioner for Science and Technology |Okezie Erondu |- |Commissioner for Youth Development |Barr Charles Esonu |- |Commissioner for Sports |Pascal Karibe Ojigwe |- |Commissioner for Culture and Tourism |Barr Tony Nwanmuo |- |Commissioner for Trade and Investment |John Okiyi Kalu |- |Commissioner for Agriculture |Prof Ikechi Mgbeoji |- |Commissioner for Transport |Chief Godswill Uche Nwanoruo |- |Commissioner for Women Affairs |Deaconess Rose Urenta |- |Commissioner for Works |Bob Chiedozie Ogu |- |Commissioner for Homeland Security |Sopuruchi Bekee |- |} == Wo tun == * Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|2}} rijdj969j0fy72wvgo3lbhxvj5brhiu 0 84153 637147 636568 2026-09-17T07:23:08Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox government agency|name=Lagos State Scholarship Board|type=Board|native_name=|logo=LSSB logo.png|logo_size=190px|seal=|seal_size=|seal_caption=|formed={{start date|1968|2}}|jurisdiction=[[Lagos State Government]]|headquarters=254 Ipaja Rd, Agege, Lagos|coordinates=|budget=|chief1_name=Mrs. Rasheedat Daranijo|chief1_position=Executive Secretary|chief2_name=|chief2_position=|website={{URL|lagosscholarship.org}}}}   '''Igbimọ Sikolashipu Ipinle Eko''' jẹ́ àjọ ìjọba kan tí ó ń bójútó àti ṣàkóso àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tó jẹ mọ́ àwọn ètò ìrànwọ́ owó-ẹ̀kọ́ (scholarship), ètò ẹ̀kọ́, àti owó ìrànwọ́ fún akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ (bursary) ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó. Àjọ yìí, èyí tí Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó dá sílẹ̀ ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 1968, ní ète láti pèsè “ìrànwọ́ nípa ètò ẹ̀kọ́ fún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí ó yẹ fún un, fún ìdàgbàsókè Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó”. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://theeagleonline.com.ng/lagos-scholarship-board-to-hold-bursary-interview-for-students/|title=Lagos scholarship board to hold bursary interview for students|work=The Eagle|last=Bruce|first=Martins|date=30 September 2015|accessdate=7 October 2015}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ ajé == Láti di àjọ tó ń ṣe àkóso nínú pípèsè ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó fún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó. == Àṣàyàn àwọn olùfúnni-ẹ̀yẹ == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn owó ìdókòwò àti ẹ̀bùn ẹ̀kọ́ ni a máa ń pín fún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí a yàn ní àwọn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ìpìlẹ̀, ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama àti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga nìkan, nítorí àbá láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ tí a yàn láti ẹ̀ka márùn-ún ti ìpínlẹ̀ náà. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/student/in-lagos-govt-disburses-n514m-bursary-scholarships-to-students-id4153130.html|title=In Lagos: Govt. disburses N514m bursary scholarships to students|journal=Pulse Nigeria|date=10 September 2015|accessdate=7 October 2015|archivedate=3 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003183931/http://pulse.ng/student/in-lagos-govt-disburses-n514m-bursary-scholarships-to-students-id4153130.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Àwọn tó fẹ́ gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ yìí gbọ́dọ̀ jẹ́ ọmọ ìlú Lagos State. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/lagos-plans-scholarship-for-artisans/|place=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Lagos plans ‘scholarship’ for artisans|date=17 September 2015|accessdate=7 October 2015|journal=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> == Àwọn ẹ̀ka == Igbimọ Sikolashipu Ipinle Eko ni awọn ẹka mẹsan ti o wa labẹ Ọ́fíìsì Oludamọran Pataki lori Ẹkọ. Wọ́n ní nínú rẹ̀: * Akọ̀wé Ìgbìmọ̀ * Owo-owo * Sikolashipu Ajeji * Sikolashipu Agbegbe * Ìṣàkóso/Oṣiṣẹ́ * Àwọn Àkọọ́lẹ̀ * Àwọn Ìròyìn àti Àjọṣepọ̀ Gbogbogbòò * Ètò, Àwọn Ìṣirò & Ìṣúná Owó * Rírà ọjà. == Wo tun == * Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} ariachql05ki246n5x7ti5v1qyw3p36 0 84154 637111 636569 2026-09-17T01:09:25Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|honorific_prefix=|name=Adebayo Ismail Adewusi|image=Adebayo Adewusi.jpg|image_size=|caption=Adebayo Adewusi|order=|office1=Former [[Nigeria Postmaster General]]|term_start1=December 2019|term_end1=October 2022|predecessor1=Barrister [[Bisi Adegbuyi]]|successor1=Adepoju Adeyemi|office2=|term_start2=|term_end2=|predecessor2=|successor2=|majority=|birth_date=May 20, 1958|birth_place=Eruwa|death_date=|death_place=|party=|education=[[University of Lagos]] <br>[[Keio University]].|occupation={{hlist|Public servant|Academic|Lawyer|}}|profession=|spouse=|website=|footnotes=}} '''Adebayo Ismail Adewusi''' fetisi ⓘ (ti a bi ni ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Karùn-ún, ọdún 1958) jẹ́ ọ̀mọ̀wé, agbẹjọ́rò, olùṣàkóso ní ẹ̀ka ìjọba, olóṣèlú, àti ẹni tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà ní ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó ní ìgbà méjì ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ láti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ẹ̀ka Ètò Owó láàrin ọdún 2004 sí 2006, lẹ́yìn náà, ó sì tún ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ẹ̀ka Ètò Isuna àti Ètò Ìdàgbàsókè.<ref name="adebayo">{{Cite news|title=We're raising funds outside banking|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/were-raising-funds-outside-banking/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=14 September 2018|date=22 May 2013|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> Ó tún jẹ́ olùdíje fún ipò gómìnà ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo, [[Nàìjíríà]] . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ex-Lagos Finance Commissioner loses mother|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/ex-lagos-finance-commissioner-loses-mother|access-date=14 September 2018|date=27 May 2016}}</ref> Ni Oṣu Kejila ọdun 2019, Adewusi rọpo Barrister Bisi Adegbuyi gẹgẹbi Alakoso Agba ati Alakoso Ile-iṣẹ Ifiweranṣẹ Naijiria (NIPOST) nipasẹ iṣakoso ti Alakoso Muhammadu Buhari <ref>{{Cite news|title=New Postmaster General assumes duty|date=23 December 2019|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/12/23/buhari-sacks-adegbuyi-at-nipost-appoints-adebayo-adewusi/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=13 January 2020|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Buhari sacks Adegbuyi at NIPOST, appoints Adebayo Adewusi|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/12/23/buhari-sacks-adegbuyi-at-nipost-appoints-adebayo-adewusi/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]|date=23 December 2019|access-date=13 January 2020}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn náà, ìjọba Ààrẹ Bola Tinubu rọ́pò rẹ̀ ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2023 == Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == Adewusi wa lati [[Èrúwà|Eruwa]] ni ijoba ibile Ìbàràpá Ìlà-oòrùn ni Ipinle Oyo . <ref>{{Cite news|title=14 for governor in Oyo|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/14-governor-oyo/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=14 September 2018|date=3 April 2017}}</ref> A bi i ni May 20, 1958, si idile Pa Kareem Babatunde Adewusi ati Madam Faderera Asabi Adewusi, ni Anko Eruwa . Bàbá rẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àgbẹ̀ àti onílù ìbílẹ̀. Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Baptist Secondary Modern School ní Eruwa, ó sì gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ ní West African School ní Technical College, l-Ife, Ìpínlẹ̀ Osun . Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ kọ̀mpútà ní The Polytechnic, [[Ìbàdàn|Ibadan]] kí ó tó lọ sí Yunifásítì ti Ife, ó sì parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àmì-ẹ̀yẹ First Class nínú ìmọ̀ ètò ọrọ̀ ajé. Ó tún ní M.Sc rẹ̀. láti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga kan náà. Ní ọdún 1993, ó gba PhD rẹ̀ nínú etò-ọrọ̀-ajé Owo ti Àgbáyé láti Yunifásítì Keio gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀mọ̀wé Monbusho . Ó tún gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí LLB láti [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó|Yunifásítì ti Èkó]] ní ọdún 2000. == Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ == Adewusi bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùkọ́ni Olùrànlọ́wọ́ ní [[Obafemi Awolowo University|Yunifásítì Obafemi Awolowo]] lẹ́yìn oyè Master rẹ̀ kí ó tó tẹ̀síwájú fún PhD rẹ̀ ní [[Japan]] . Lẹ́yìn oyè dókítà rẹ̀, ó ṣiṣẹ́ ní Lead Merchant Bank Limited láàárín ọdún 1994 sí 2000. Ó tún ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Àgbà/Olórí Àgbà Ibile Holdings Ltd. (Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìdókòwò kan tí ìjọba [[ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]] ní) láti ọdún 2000 sí 2004. Ó jẹ́ Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ìnáwó, Ìṣúná Owó àti Ètò Ọrọ̀-ajé ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó láàrín ọdún 2004 sí 2006. Ó tún jẹ́ alága Wemabod, ilé-iṣẹ́ kan tí ìjọba agbègbè ìwọ̀-oòrùn dá sílẹ̀ tí [[Ọbáfẹ́mi Awólọ́wọ̀|olóògbé Obafemi Awolowo]] ṣe olórí láti pèsè ibùgbé ní ìlú Èkó. <ref name="adebayo" /> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Akamo|first=Bayo|title=Economy: Depart from dependence policy of the past – Adewusi tells PMB|url=http://newnigeriannewspaper.com/economy-depart-from-dependence-policy-of-the-past-adewusi-tells-pmb/|accessdate=14 September 2018|date=4 April 2016|archivedate=12 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312211124/http://newnigeriannewspaper.com/economy-depart-from-dependence-policy-of-the-past-adewusi-tells-pmb/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] ní ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Adekunle|title=Parallel APC executives emerge in 8 states|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/05/992743/amp/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=14 September 2018|date=20 May 2018|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Àkànṣe == === Ètò Àyíká àti Àgbékalẹ̀ Ìpèsè Kóòdù Póòstù Nàìjíríà === Eto ati amayederun fun awọn koodu ifiweranse (postcode) ni Naijiria jẹ iṣẹ akanṣe ti Ile-iṣẹ Ifiweranse Naijiria (NIPOST) ṣe pẹlu ifowosowopo Ile-iṣẹ ti Orilẹ-ede fun Iwadi ati Idagbasoke Imọ-ẹrọ Ofurufu (NASRDA) lati mu iṣẹ ifiweranse dara si ni orilẹ-ede naa. Iṣẹ akanṣe yii lo awọn koodu ifiweranse tuntun ti o ni ibamu pẹlu ilana ti a fọwọsi ti NIPOST ṣe, pẹlu lilo awọn aworan ti o ga ni didara ti a gba lati oju-ọrun (satellite imagery) nipasẹ eto maapu ti orilẹ-ede ti NASRDA n ṣakoso. Adewusi ni o dari NIPOST lati fọwọsi iwe adehun ifowosowopo fun imuse iṣẹ akanṣe yii ni Naijiria.. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Said|first1=Zainab|date=2020-06-19|title=NIPOST, NASRDA sign MOU for effective productivity|url=https://www.von.gov.ng/nipost-nasrda-sign-mou-for-effective-productivity/|accessdate=2020-06-22|journal=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Adaramola|first1=Zakariyya|date=2020-06-22|title=NIPOST seals deal with NASRDA on postcode|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/nipost-seals-deal-with-nasrda-on-postcode.html|accessdate=2020-06-22|journal=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde == [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1958]] 4z4ag5392rx4tyzoi1lbe9c828sihci 637112 637111 2026-09-17T01:09:27Z KiranBOT 31499 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v3.1.1-current 637112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|honorific_prefix=|name=Adebayo Ismail Adewusi|image=Adebayo Adewusi.jpg|image_size=|caption=Adebayo Adewusi|order=|office1=Former [[Nigeria Postmaster General]]|term_start1=December 2019|term_end1=October 2022|predecessor1=Barrister [[Bisi Adegbuyi]]|successor1=Adepoju Adeyemi|office2=|term_start2=|term_end2=|predecessor2=|successor2=|majority=|birth_date=May 20, 1958|birth_place=Eruwa|death_date=|death_place=|party=|education=[[University of Lagos]] <br>[[Keio University]].|occupation={{hlist|Public servant|Academic|Lawyer|}}|profession=|spouse=|website=|footnotes=}} '''Adebayo Ismail Adewusi''' fetisi ⓘ (ti a bi ni ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Karùn-ún, ọdún 1958) jẹ́ ọ̀mọ̀wé, agbẹjọ́rò, olùṣàkóso ní ẹ̀ka ìjọba, olóṣèlú, àti ẹni tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà ní ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó ní ìgbà méjì ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ láti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ẹ̀ka Ètò Owó láàrin ọdún 2004 sí 2006, lẹ́yìn náà, ó sì tún ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ẹ̀ka Ètò Isuna àti Ètò Ìdàgbàsókè.<ref name="adebayo">{{Cite news|title=We're raising funds outside banking|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/were-raising-funds-outside-banking/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=14 September 2018|date=22 May 2013|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> Ó tún jẹ́ olùdíje fún ipò gómìnà ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo, [[Nàìjíríà]] . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ex-Lagos Finance Commissioner loses mother|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/ex-lagos-finance-commissioner-loses-mother|access-date=14 September 2018|date=27 May 2016}}</ref> Ni Oṣu Kejila ọdun 2019, Adewusi rọpo Barrister Bisi Adegbuyi gẹgẹbi Alakoso Agba ati Alakoso Ile-iṣẹ Ifiweranṣẹ Naijiria (NIPOST) nipasẹ iṣakoso ti Alakoso Muhammadu Buhari <ref>{{Cite news|title=New Postmaster General assumes duty|date=23 December 2019|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/12/23/buhari-sacks-adegbuyi-at-nipost-appoints-adebayo-adewusi/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=13 January 2020|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Buhari sacks Adegbuyi at NIPOST, appoints Adebayo Adewusi|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/12/23/buhari-sacks-adegbuyi-at-nipost-appoints-adebayo-adewusi/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]|date=23 December 2019|access-date=13 January 2020}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn náà, ìjọba Ààrẹ Bola Tinubu rọ́pò rẹ̀ ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2023 == Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == Adewusi wa lati [[Èrúwà|Eruwa]] ni ijoba ibile Ìbàràpá Ìlà-oòrùn ni Ipinle Oyo . <ref>{{Cite news|title=14 for governor in Oyo|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/14-governor-oyo/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=14 September 2018|date=3 April 2017}}</ref> A bi i ni May 20, 1958, si idile Pa Kareem Babatunde Adewusi ati Madam Faderera Asabi Adewusi, ni Anko Eruwa . Bàbá rẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àgbẹ̀ àti onílù ìbílẹ̀. Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Baptist Secondary Modern School ní Eruwa, ó sì gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ ní West African School ní Technical College, l-Ife, Ìpínlẹ̀ Osun . Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ kọ̀mpútà ní The Polytechnic, [[Ìbàdàn|Ibadan]] kí ó tó lọ sí Yunifásítì ti Ife, ó sì parí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àmì-ẹ̀yẹ First Class nínú ìmọ̀ ètò ọrọ̀ ajé. Ó tún ní M.Sc rẹ̀. láti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga kan náà. Ní ọdún 1993, ó gba PhD rẹ̀ nínú etò-ọrọ̀-ajé Owo ti Àgbáyé láti Yunifásítì Keio gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀mọ̀wé Monbusho . Ó tún gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí LLB láti [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó|Yunifásítì ti Èkó]] ní ọdún 2000. == Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ == Adewusi bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùkọ́ni Olùrànlọ́wọ́ ní [[Obafemi Awolowo University|Yunifásítì Obafemi Awolowo]] lẹ́yìn oyè Master rẹ̀ kí ó tó tẹ̀síwájú fún PhD rẹ̀ ní [[Japan]] . Lẹ́yìn oyè dókítà rẹ̀, ó ṣiṣẹ́ ní Lead Merchant Bank Limited láàárín ọdún 1994 sí 2000. Ó tún ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Àgbà/Olórí Àgbà Ibile Holdings Ltd. (Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìdókòwò kan tí ìjọba [[ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]] ní) láti ọdún 2000 sí 2004. Ó jẹ́ Kọmíṣọ́nà fún Ìnáwó, Ìṣúná Owó àti Ètò Ọrọ̀-ajé ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó láàrín ọdún 2004 sí 2006. Ó tún jẹ́ alága Wemabod, ilé-iṣẹ́ kan tí ìjọba agbègbè ìwọ̀-oòrùn dá sílẹ̀ tí [[Ọbáfẹ́mi Awólọ́wọ̀|olóògbé Obafemi Awolowo]] ṣe olórí láti pèsè ibùgbé ní ìlú Èkó. <ref name="adebayo" /> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Akamo|first=Bayo|title=Economy: Depart from dependence policy of the past – Adewusi tells PMB|url=http://newnigeriannewspaper.com/economy-depart-from-dependence-policy-of-the-past-adewusi-tells-pmb/|accessdate=14 September 2018|date=4 April 2016|archivedate=12 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312211124/http://newnigeriannewspaper.com/economy-depart-from-dependence-policy-of-the-past-adewusi-tells-pmb/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] ní ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Adekunle|title=Parallel APC executives emerge in 8 states|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/05/992743/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=14 September 2018|date=20 May 2018|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Àkànṣe == === Ètò Àyíká àti Àgbékalẹ̀ Ìpèsè Kóòdù Póòstù Nàìjíríà === Eto ati amayederun fun awọn koodu ifiweranse (postcode) ni Naijiria jẹ iṣẹ akanṣe ti Ile-iṣẹ Ifiweranse Naijiria (NIPOST) ṣe pẹlu ifowosowopo Ile-iṣẹ ti Orilẹ-ede fun Iwadi ati Idagbasoke Imọ-ẹrọ Ofurufu (NASRDA) lati mu iṣẹ ifiweranse dara si ni orilẹ-ede naa. Iṣẹ akanṣe yii lo awọn koodu ifiweranse tuntun ti o ni ibamu pẹlu ilana ti a fọwọsi ti NIPOST ṣe, pẹlu lilo awọn aworan ti o ga ni didara ti a gba lati oju-ọrun (satellite imagery) nipasẹ eto maapu ti orilẹ-ede ti NASRDA n ṣakoso. Adewusi ni o dari NIPOST lati fọwọsi iwe adehun ifowosowopo fun imuse iṣẹ akanṣe yii ni Naijiria.. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Said|first1=Zainab|date=2020-06-19|title=NIPOST, NASRDA sign MOU for effective productivity|url=https://www.von.gov.ng/nipost-nasrda-sign-mou-for-effective-productivity/|accessdate=2020-06-22|journal=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Adaramola|first1=Zakariyya|date=2020-06-22|title=NIPOST seals deal with NASRDA on postcode|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/nipost-seals-deal-with-nasrda-on-postcode.html|accessdate=2020-06-22|journal=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde == [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1958]] jdxiz658eqbaymqius3dyguediyrhdn 0 84160 637157 636577 2026-09-17T08:45:57Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kick Against Indiscipline''', tí a mọ̀ sí '''KAI''', jẹ́ ẹ̀ka tó ń rí sí mímú kí àwọn òfin nípa àyíká wáyé, èyí tí ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó ní Nàìjíríà dá sílẹ̀ ní oṣù Kọkànlá ọdún 2003 láti máa ṣàkíyèsí àti láti rí i dájú pé a ń tẹ̀lé àwọn òfin nípa àyíká ní ìpínlẹ̀ náà. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=23 August 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200412020752.html|title=Nigeria: LG Boss Lauds Tinubu, Ilori}}</ref> A dá ilé-iṣẹ́ náà sílẹ̀ láti ṣètìlẹ́yìn fún gbogbo ètò ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ nípa " Ogun lòdì sí àìní-ìwà-bí-Ọlọ́run ", ìpolongo ìlòdì sí àìní-ìwà-bí-Ọlọ́run tí ìjọba ológun Major General [[Muhammadu Buhari|Mohammadu Buhari]] dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1984. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/tag/kick-against-indiscipline/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=kick against indiscipline|accessdate=26 September 2015|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://smooth981.fm/880-lagos-kai-officials-now-civil-servants/|title=880 Lagos KAI Officials Now Civil Servants|access-date=2026-09-14|archivedate=2018-10-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011214457/http://smooth981.fm/880-lagos-kai-officials-now-civil-servants/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} hplp3ofsrce6jc2k5gxhtbn6mc1kbw1 0 84165 637114 636582 2026-09-17T01:26:22Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|honorific_prefix=[[The Right Honourable]]|image=|caption=|office=[[Speaker of the Lagos State House of Assembly]]|term_start=29 December 2005|term_end=4 June 2015|deputy={{plainlist| *Farouk Adegboyega Oshodi *Adefunmilayo Tejuosho *Bola Badmus-Olujobi *Musibau Kolawole Taiwo }}|predecessor=Jokotola Pelumi|successor=[[Mudashiru Obasa]]|office2=Member of the [[Lagos State House of Assembly]]|term_start2=2 June 1999|term_end2=4 June 2015|predecessor2=|successor2=|constituency2=Epe Constituency I|birth_name=Sabit Adeyemi Ikuforiji|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1958|8|24}}|birth_place=[[Epe, Nigeria|Epe]], [[Western Region, Nigeria|Western Region]], [[Colonial Nigeria|British Nigeria]] (now in [[Lagos State]], Nigeria)|death_date=|death_place=|party=[[All Progressives Congress]] (2013–present)|other_party={{plainlist| *[[Alliance for Democracy (Nigeria)|Alliance for Democracy]] (1998–2006) *[[Action Congress of Nigeria]] (2006–2013) }}|education={{plainlist| *[[Babeș-Bolyai University]] *[[University of Lagos]] *[[Harvard University]] *[[Liverpool John Moores University]] *[[Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies]] *[[Cambridge University]] *[[Judge Business School]] }}|occupation={{hlist|Politician|economist}}|website=[http://www.adeyemiikuforiji.org www.adeyemiikuforijie.org]}} '''Sabit Adeyemi Ikuforiji''' ( (fetisi ⓘ ) ; tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 1958) jẹ́ onímọ̀ nípa ètò ọrọ̀ ajé àti olóṣèlú ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbọ̀rọ̀sọ fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó láti ọdún 2005 sí 2015. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/ikuforiji-re-elected-lagos-speaker/92678/|title=Ikuforiji Re-elected Lagos Speaker|access-date=18 April 2015|archivedate=18 April 2015|newspaper=[[This Day]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418073820/https://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/ikuforiji-re-elected-lagos-speaker/92678/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.punchng.com/feature/hotseat/i-dont-need-any-petition-to-impeach-fashola-ikuforiji-lagos-speaker/|last=Balogun|first=Adeola|title=I don't need any petition to impeach Fashola - Ikuforiji|date=23 November 2015|access-date=18 April 2015|archivedate=18 April 2015|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418073009/https://www.punchng.com/feature/hotseat/i-dont-need-any-petition-to-impeach-fashola-ikuforiji-lagos-speaker/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Wọn fi ẹsun kan an pẹlu oluranlọwọ rẹ tẹlẹ, Oyebode Atoyebi, lori awọn ẹsun mẹ́rìnlélógójì ti o ni ibi-mọ iṣẹ́ yíyí owo ti ko tọ́ pada si ọna ti o dabi ẹni pe o tọ́ (money laundering), eyi ti iye rẹ jẹ miliọnu 333.8 naira Naijiria. Wọn si yọ ọ́ ninu ẹsun naa. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2014/05/08/2015-gov-race-i-want-to-succeed-fashola-says-ikuforiji/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=2015 Gov Race: I Want To Succeed Fashola, Says Ikuforiji|access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Alleged money laundering: EFCC closes case against former Lagos Speaker, Ikuforiji|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-west/449430-alleged-money-laundering-efcc-closes-case-against-former-lagos-speaker-ikuforiji.html|access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == A bí Sabit Adeyemi Ikuforiji ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 1958 ní [[Epe, Nàìjíríà|Epe]], agbègbè ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ ní ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó ní gúúsù ìwọ̀ oòrùn Nàìjíríà. Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Ile-iṣẹ Ààrin Gbungbun ti Alaṣẹ Agbegbe ní Epe kí ó tó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Epe Grammar níbi tí ó ti gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ West Africa ní oṣù Keje ọdún 1975. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://leadership.ng/news/politics/390524/lagos-2015-ikufuriji-hamzat-ambode-battle-clinch-apc-ticket|title=Lagos 2015: Ikufuriji, Hamzat, Ambode Battle To Clinch APC Ticket|date=15 November 2014|access-date=18 April 2015|archivedate=18 April 2015}}</ref> Ó gba oyè bachelor àti master nínú ìmọ̀ nípa ètò ọrọ̀ ajé láti Babeș-Bolyai University àti Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies lẹ́sẹẹsẹ. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=18 April 2015}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn náà, ó gba oyè Master of Business Administration láti Yunifásítì ti Èkó ní ọdún 1980. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/at-54-lagos-speaker-ikuforiji-trudges-on/123815/|title=At 54, Lagos Speaker Ikuforiji Trudges On|access-date=18 April 2015|archivedate=18 April 2015|newspaper=[[This Day]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418072746/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/at-54-lagos-speaker-ikuforiji-trudges-on/123815/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé òṣèlú == Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ òṣèlú rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí akọ̀wé gbogbogbò ti Ẹgbẹ́ Àjọṣepọ̀ ti Nàìjíríà . Ní ọdún 2003, ó díje fún ipò ìdìbò rẹ̀, agbègbè ìdìbò Epe Kìíní, wọ́n sì dìbò yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.legit.ng/65985.html|title=Ikuforiji Willing To Succeed Babtunde Fashola In 2015|last=Thabit|first=Khadijah|newspaper=[[Legit.ng]]|date=8 May 2014|access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2005, wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Alága Ilé lábẹ́ ìṣètò Alliance for Democracy. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=18 April 2015}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2007, wọ́n tún yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbọ̀rọ̀sọ fún ìgbà kejì ní Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Kẹfà, lẹ́yìn tí ó ti di olùborí nínú ìdíje náà láti agbègbè ìdìbò rẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/opinion/item/15788-lagos-2015-why-the-next-gov-should-be-ikuforiji/15788-lagos-2015-why-the-next-gov-should-be-ikuforiji|title=Lagos 2015-why the next gov should be Ikuforiji|work=Tribune|access-date=18 April 2015|archivedate=18 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418081523/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/opinion/item/15788-lagos-2015-why-the-next-gov-should-be-ikuforiji/15788-lagos-2015-why-the-next-gov-should-be-ikuforiji|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2011, wọ́n tún yàn án padà fún ìgbà kẹta gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbọ̀rọ̀sọ fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Keje, èyí tí ó parí títí di ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2015. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theinfostride.com/forum/index.php?topic=16154.0|title=Lagos state house of Assembly: Ikuforiji re-elected speaker|newspaper=theinfostride.com|date=5 June 2011|access-date=18 April 2015}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1958]] 9wxbaciu602li7r03qa9nhou1mgnfe5 0 84168 637115 636586 2026-09-17T01:42:02Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox official post|post=Speaker|body=the Lagos State House of Assembly|insignia=|insignia_size=|insignia_caption=|flag=|flag_size=|flag_caption=|image=Mudashiru Obasa.jpg|incumbent=[[Mudashiru Obasa]]|incumbent_since={{start date |2025|03|03|df=y}}|department=[[Government of Lagos State#Legislature|Legislative Branch of the Lagos State Government]]|appointer=Indirect House Election|style=Mr/Madam Speaker (informal)<br>[[The Right Honourable]] (formal)|member_of=[[Lagos State House of Assembly]]|residence=|seat=[[Lagos State House of Assembly]], [[Ikeja]]|term_length=4 years|term_length_qualified=renewable|constituting_instrument=[[Constitution of Nigeria]]|first=[[Oladosu Oshinowo]]|formation={{start date and age|1979|10|02|df=y}}|succession=Second|deputy=[[#List of Deputy Speakers|Deputy Speaker of the Lagos State House of Assembly]]|salary=|website=}}'''Agbẹnusọ Ile Igbimọ Aṣofin Ipinle Eko''' ni alaga [[Lagos State House of Assembly|Ile Igbimọ Aṣofin Ipinle Eko]], ti awọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ rẹ yan. <ref>{{Cite news|location=New York City, United States}}</ref> Agbẹnusọ Ile-igbimọ Aṣofin wa ni ipo keji ninu ilana aropo fun ipo Gomina Ipinle Eko, lẹhin Igbakeji Gomina. Agbẹnusọ tun n ṣoju awọn eniyan agbegbe idibo rẹ. Lati igba ti a ti ṣii Ile-igbimọ Aṣofin ipinle naa ni ọjọ keji oṣu Kẹwa ọdun 1979, awọn igbimọ aṣofin ti wa ni igba mẹwaa, pẹlu awọn aṣoju mẹjọ ti wọn ti di ipo Agbẹnusọ mu. Aṣòfin lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ ni Mudashiru Obasa tí wọ́n gbà padà sípò ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹta ọdún 2025, lẹ́yìn ìfìyàjẹni rẹ̀ ní oṣù kìíní. <ref>{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Ìtàn == == Àkójọ Àwọn Olùsọ̀rọ̀ == Orísun: [https://www.lagoshouseofassembly.gov.ng/past-speakers/ Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314230750/https://www.lagoshouseofassembly.gov.ng/past-speakers/ |date=2023-03-14 }} {| class="wikitable" !Orúkọ ! Mo gba ipò ! Ọ́fíìsì òsì ! Ẹgbẹ́ ayẹyẹ ! Àpéjọ |- | Oladosu Oshinowo | Ọjọ́ Kejì Oṣù Kẹ̀wàá, ọdún 1979 | Ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1983 | [[Unity Party of Nigeria|UPN]] | [[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó àkọ́kọ́|1st]] |- | [[Oladimeji Longe]] | Ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1983 | Ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1983 | [[Unity Party of Nigeria|UPN]] | [[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó kejì|Èkejì]] |- | [[Shakirudeen Kinyomi]] | Ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kìíní ọdún 1992 | Ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1993 | NRC | [[3rd Lagos State House of Assembly|Ẹkẹta]] |- | [[Adeleke Mamora]] | Ọjọ́ Kejì Okudu Kẹfà ọdún 1999 | Ọjọ́ Kejì Okudu Kẹfà ọdún 2003 | AD | [[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó kẹrin|Ẹ̀kẹrin]] |- | [[Waheed Jokotola Pelumi]] | Ọjọ́ Kejì Okudu Kẹfà ọdún 2003 | Ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2005 | AD | [[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó karùn-ún|5th]] |- | Sabit Adeyemi Ikuforiji | Ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2005 | Ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2015 | [[Action Congress of Nigeria|ACN]] / APC | [[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó karùn-ún|Ọjọ́ karùn-ún]], [[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó kẹfà|ọjọ́ kẹfà]], ọjọ́ keje |- | [[Mudashiru Obasa]] | Ọjọ́ kẹjọ oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2015 | Ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù kìíní ọdún 2025 | [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | Ọjọ́ kẹjọ, [[9th Lagos State House of Assembly|ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án]], [[10th Lagos State House of Assembly|ọjọ́ kẹwàá]] |- | [[Mojisola Meranda]] | Ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù kìíní ọdún 2025 | Ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹta ọdún 2025 | [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | [[10th Lagos State House of Assembly|Kẹwàá]] |- | [[Mudashiru Obasa]] | Ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹta ọdún 2025 | Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ | [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | [[10th Lagos State House of Assembly|Kẹwàá]] |} === Àkójọ Àwọn Igbákejì Àwọn Olùbáṣọ̀rọ̀ === {| class="wikitable" !Name !Took office !Left office !Party !Assembly |- |[[Oladimeji Longe]] |2 October 1979 |5 October 1983 |[[Unity Party of Nigeria|UPN]] |[[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó àkọ́kọ́|1st]] |- |[[Afolabi Oredoyin]] |6 October 1983 |31 December 1983 |[[Unity Party of Nigeria|UPN]] |[[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó kejì|2nd]] |- |[[Rasheed Adebowale Fashina]] |14 January 1992 |17 November 1993 |NRC |[[3rd Lagos State House of Assembly|3rd]] |- |[[Adetoun Adediran]] |2 June 1999 |2 June 2003 |AD |[[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó kẹrin|4th]] |- |[[Farouk Adegboyega Oshodi]] |2 June 2003 |4 June 2007 |AD/ACN |[[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó karùn-ún|5th]] |- |[[Adefunmilayo Tejuosho]] |4 June 2007 |17 August 2009 |[[Action Congress of Nigeria|ACN]] | rowspan="2" |[[Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó kẹfà|6th]] |- |[[Bola Badmus-Olujobi]] |17 August 2009 |4 June 2011 |ACN |- |[[Musibau Kolawole Taiwo]] |4 June 2011 |4 June 2015 |ACN/APC |7th |- |Wasiu Eshinlokun Sanni |8 June 2015 |4 June 2023 |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] |8th, [[9th Lagos State House of Assembly|9th]] |- |[[Mojisola Meranda]] |6 June 2023 |13 January 2025 |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] |[[10th Lagos State House of Assembly|10th]] |- |[[Mojeed Fatai Adebola]] |15 January 2025 |3 March 2025 |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] |[[10th Lagos State House of Assembly|10th]] |- |[[Mojisola Meranda]] |3 March 2025 |Present |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] |[[10th Lagos State House of Assembly|10th]] |} == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} l24vjo4amo2rmrsa115vtenhepmt5z1 0 84219 637122 636642 2026-09-17T03:05:58Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637122 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Chinua Achebe gbé láyé láàárín ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1930 sí ọjọ́ kọkànlélógún oṣù kẹta ọdún 2013, nígbà tí ó kú ní [[Massachusetts]], orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà. A bẹ̀rẹ̀ ayẹyẹ ìwé-kíkọ yìí ní ọdún 2016, ọdún mẹ́ta lẹ́yìn ikú Achebe, ní ọwọ́ Izunna Okafor—ẹni tí ó jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé, oníròyìn, àti ajìjà-fún-ìlọsíwájú-èdè-Igbo láti Nàìjíríà tí ó ti gba àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ. Ó tún jẹ́ olùṣètò fún Ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra lábẹ́ àjọ 'Society of Young Nigerian Writers', èyí tí í ṣe àjọ tó ń ṣètò ayẹyẹ náà.[1][2][3][4] Láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti dá a sílẹ̀, wọ́n ti ń ṣe ayẹyẹ náà lọ́dọọdún ní ọjọ́ ìbí Chinua Achebe (16 Oṣù Kọkànlá) ní Ilé Ìkàwé E-Gbàgede Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n [[Kenneth Dike]] ní [[Awka]], olú ìlú [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra]], ìpínlẹ̀ tí Achebe ti wá. Kí ayẹyẹ náà tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ́dọọdún, àwọn olùṣètò máa ń ṣí “Ìpè fún Àwọn Ìfisílẹ̀” lórí onírúurú àwọn ìtàkùn ìwé àti ìwé ìròyìn lórí ayélujára, fún àwọn òǹkọ̀wé láti kọ àti láti fi àwọn ewì àti àròkọ sílẹ̀ láti fi ṣe ọlá fún Achebe, èyí tí wọ́n máa ń tẹ̀ jáde lẹ́yìn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkójọ ìwé, tí a mọ̀ sí “ Ẹ̀kọ́ Oríkì/Ẹ̀kọ́ Oríkì Chinua Achebe ”. A máa ń tẹ̀ jáde, kí a sì ṣe ìfihàn àkópọ̀ àwọn iṣẹ́-ìkọ̀wé ọlọ́dọọdún yìí ní ọjọ́ ayẹyẹ ìwé-kíkọ́ àti lítíréṣọ̀; ó sì ti fa àwọn òǹkọ̀wé láti onírúurú orílẹ̀-èdè lágbàáyé mọ́ra, títí kan Mbizo Chirasha láti orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe[1][2]. Fún ọdún mẹ́ta àkọ́kọ́ ti ayẹyẹ ìwé ní ọdún 2016, 2017, àti 2018, àwọn olùṣètò pè fún ìfiránṣẹ́ lẹ́sẹẹsẹ, nítorí náà wọ́n tẹ̀ àwọn àkójọ ìwé mẹ́ta jáde. Ṣùgbọ́n, fún àtúnse ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ọdún 2019, kò sí ìpè fún ìfiránṣẹ́; dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, àwọn àkójọpọ̀ ìtàn mẹ́ta tí a tẹ̀ jáde tẹ́lẹ̀ ni a kó jọ tí a sì tẹ̀ jáde papọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkójọpọ̀ kan, tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Ọfà Ọ̀rọ̀'' Ní ọdún 2020, nígbà àtúnse karùn-ún àti ọdún karùn-ún ayẹyẹ náà, àwọn olùṣètò fi ''àsọyé ìrántí Achebe'' kún ayẹyẹ náà, nítorí náà ni a ṣe mọ̀ ọ́n sí ''àsọyé ìwé àti àsọyé ìrántí Chinua Achebe'' báyìí. Oseloka Obaze, òṣèré àti aṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tó jẹ́ ògbóǹkangí nínú ìwé àti òṣèlú, ló ṣe àsọyé ìrántí Chinua Achebe, èyí tó jẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ irú rẹ̀. <ref name="Izunna Okafor">{{Cite news|last=Okafor|first=Izunna|title=Obaze To Deliver First Chinua Achebe Memorial Lecture At 2020 Literary Festival|url=https://www.igboradio.com/igbo-news/obaze-to-deliver-first-chinua-achebe-memorial-lecture-at-2020-literary-festival|publisher=Igbo Radio|access-date=2026-09-14|archivedate=2021-01-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122190545/https://www.igboradio.com/igbo-news/obaze-to-deliver-first-chinua-achebe-memorial-lecture-at-2020-literary-festival|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Àtúnse ayẹyẹ ọdún 2020 náà tún ṣe àfihàn àti ìgbékalẹ̀ ìwé Karùn-ún Chinua Achebe Ewì/Essay Anthology, tí àkọlé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Achebe: Ọkùnrin Àwọn Ènìyàn'', tí Izunna Okafor ṣe àtúnṣe rẹ̀. Láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn, ayẹyẹ ìwé Chinua Achebe ti fa àwọn olùfẹ́ ìwé àti àwọn ọlọ́lá mọ́ra, títí bí olùdíje ààrẹ ẹgbẹ́ Labour Party nínú ìdìbò gbogbogbòò ní Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 2023, Ọ̀gbẹ́ni [[Peter Obi]] ; Gómìnà Àgbà ti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra]] [[Willie Obiano]] ; SSG tẹ́lẹ̀, Ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra, Oseloka Obaze ; òṣèré olókìkí Nàìjíríà, [[Bob-Manuel Udokwu]] ; Adájọ́ Àgbà ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra, Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n Peter Umeadi; MD/CEO ti ìwé ìròyìn ''National Light'', Chuka Nnabuife; [[Anthony Odili Ujubuonu|Odili Ujubuońu]] (olùkọ̀wé ''Pregnancy of the Gods'' ); Maxim Uzor Uzoatu (olùkọ̀wé ''God of Poetry'' ); Ositadimma Amakeze (olùkọ̀wé ''The Last Carver'' ); Okeke Chika Jerry (olùkọ̀wé ''The Gods Are Hungry'' ); Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Isidore Emeka Uzoatu (olùkọ̀wé ''Vision Impossible'' ). <ref>{{Cite news|date=2023-11-18|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/achebe-memorial-lecture-obi-lauds-anambra-young-writers/}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}}{{Chinua Achebe}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Ìpínlẹ̀ Anámbra]] lu2448ezaaq4jit0wmefxm3nlhmngxm 0 84236 637140 636672 2026-09-17T06:58:59Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637140 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ifeanyichukwu Ndubuisi Chikezie Aniebo''', Listen ⓘ tí a mọ̀ sí '''INC Aniebo''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kìíní ọdún 1939), jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn àti òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn kúkúrú ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, tí wọ́n ti pè ní "olùkọ́ṣẹ́ oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìtàn kúkúrú Nàìjíríà". Aniebo gba ikẹkọọ gẹgẹbi oṣiṣẹ ologun ti o n ṣakoso awọn ohun-ija nla (artillery officer); o kọ awọn itan rẹ akọkọ labẹ orukọ miiran lati yago fun ihamọ lori kikọ rẹ. O ja fun ẹgbẹ Biafra lakoko Ogun Abele Naijiria, ati pe iwe rẹ ti akọle rẹ jẹ *The Anonymity of Sacrifice* (1974) n funni ni oye nipa awọn ohun ẹru ati awọn ijakadi ti ara ẹni ti o waye ninu ogun yẹn. Lẹhin eyi, Aniebo lọ si Ile-ẹkọ giga ti California, Los Angeles fun ẹkọ siwaju sii, ki o to pada si Naijiria ni ọdun 1979 lati kọni ni ẹka ti n ṣakiyesi Ede Gẹẹsi ni Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Port Harcourt, nibi ti o ti kọni ni ẹkọ nipa kikọ ẹda (Creative Writing) ati Litireṣọ. == Àwọn Iṣẹ́ == ; Àwọn ìwé ìtàn * ''Àìjẹ́rìísí Ẹbọ'' . Ẹ̀ka Àwọn Òǹkọ̀wé Áfíríkà 148. Lọ́ndọ́nù: Heinemann Educational, 1974. * ''Ìrìn Àjò Nínú'' . Ẹ̀ka Àwọn Òǹkọ̀wé Áfíríkà 206. Lọ́ndọ́nù: Heinemann, 1978. * ''Àwọn Ìgbésẹ̀ Ààbò Ẹ̀yìn'' . Ibadan, Nàìjíríà: Àwọn Ìwé Ẹ̀kọ́ Heinemann, 1998. ; Àwọn àkójọ ìtàn kúkúrú * ''Ti Àwọn Aya, Àwọn Onímọ̀-ẹ̀rọ Talisman àti Àwọn Òkú'' . Lọ́ndọ́nù: Heinemann, 1983. * ''Ọkùnrin Ọjà: Àwọn Ìtàn Kúkúrú'' . Port Harcourt: Pam Unique, 1994. ; Àwọn ìtàn kúkúrú kọ̀ọ̀kan * “Olórun Owú,” nínú ''Ọ̀kọ̀'' (Lágòs), Oṣù Kẹ̀wàá 1963. * "Ìyá mi," nínú ''ìwé ìròyìn Sunday Times'' (Lagos), ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1963. * "Òrùka," nínú ''ìwé ìròyìn Nàìjíríà'' (Lágòs), oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1964. * “Àwọn Olùdásílẹ̀ Àlàáfíà,” nínú ''ìwé ìròyìn Nàìjíríà'' (Lágòs), oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1965. * "Ojiji," ninu ''Black Orpheus'' 20 (Lagos), 1966. * "Mirage," nínú ''ìwé ìròyìn Nàìjíríà'' (Lágòs), oṣù kẹta ọdún 1966. * "Ìjáde," nínú ''ìwé Happy Home àti Family Life'' (Lagos), oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1972. * "Ìwàláàyè Ayọ̀, Arákùnrin," nínú ''Ufahamu'' (Los Angeles), ìdìpọ̀. 7, nọ́mbà 3, 1977. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde == * Ugochukwu Ejinkeonye, [http://www.nathanielturner.com/interviewwithincaniebougochukwu.htm Ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò pẹ̀lú INC Aniebo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220853/http://www.nathanielturner.com/interviewwithincaniebougochukwu.htm |date=2016-03-03 }} Archived , ''Àwọn Egungun Adìẹ: Ìwé Ìròyìn kan'' (ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò tí a ṣe ní oṣù Keje ọdún 1995, tí a gbé sórí ayélujára ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2006). * [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1939]] mg3afs3fnydoppd48xppofrmajh9xxj 0 84241 637168 636678 2026-09-17T09:56:53Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Egyptian footballer (born 1988)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Mohamed El Shenawy|image=Mohamed El Shenawy Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-015.jpg|image_size=|caption=El Shenawy with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Mohamed El Sayed Mohamed El Shenawy Gomaa<ref name="NameBirthHeight">{{cite web |url=https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=FIFA World Cup Russia 2018™: List of players: Egypt |publisher=FIFA |page=9 |date=4 June 2018 |access-date=10 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619164139/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |archive-date=19 June 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1988|12|18|df=yes}}<ref name="NameBirthHeight"/>|birth_place=[[El Hamool]], [[Kafr El Sheikh]], Egypt|height=1.91 m<ref name="NameBirthHeight"/>|position=[[Goalkeeper (association football)|Goalkeeper]]|currentclub=[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]|clubnumber=1|youthyears1={{0|0000}}–2002|youthclubs1=El Hamoul|youthyears2=2002–2009|youthclubs2=[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]|years1=2007–2008|clubs1=[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]|caps1=1|goals1=0|years2=2009–2013|clubs2=[[Tala'ea El Gaish SC|Tala'ea El-Gaish]]|caps2=43|goals2=0|years3=2012–2013|clubs3=→ [[Haras El Hodoud SC|Haras El-Hodoud]] (loan)|caps3=15|goals3=0|years4=2013–2016|clubs4=[[Petrojet SC|Petrojet]]|caps4=82|goals4=0|years5=2016–|clubs5=[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]|caps5=300|goals5=0|nationalyears1=2021|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national under-23 football team|Egypt Olympic]] ([[List of overage players in Olympic football|O.P.]])|nationalcaps1=4|nationalgoals1=0|nationalyears2=2018–|nationalteam2=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps2=77|nationalgoals2=0|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|EGY}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2021 Africa Cup of Nations|2021 Cameroon]]|}}|club-update=4 October 2025|nationalteam-update=28 May 2026}}'''Mohamed El Sayed Mohamed El Shenawy Gomaa''' ({{langx|ar|محمد السيد محمد الشناوي جمعة}}; (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹdínlógún oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1988) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt, tó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣọ́-àwọ̀n fún ẹgbẹ́ Al Ahly ní Lígì Premier ti Egypt—níbi tí ó ti jẹ́ olórí ẹgbẹ́—àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt.. El Shenawy bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ bọọlu rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọọlu ọ̀dọ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ Al Ahly, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tú u sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2009, ó sì dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ Tala'ea El Gaish. Ó lo àkókò kan níbẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọọlu tí wọ́n yà sọ́tọ̀ fún ìgbà díẹ̀ (ní ọ̀nà àwín) ní ẹgbẹ́ Haras El-Hodoud kí ó tó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Petrojet ní ọdún 2013. Ó padà sí Al Ahly ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2016, ó sì gba ipò Sherif Ekramy; wọ́n sì kà á sí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn olùṣọ́-àwọ̀n tó dára jùlọ ní ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà. Ó ran ẹgbẹ́ náà lọ́wọ́ láti gba ife-ẹ̀yẹ Egyptian Premier League ní ìgbà mẹ́rin títẹ̀lé e ní ọ̀wọ́n-n-tẹ̀lé (2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19 àti 2019–20) àti ife-ẹ̀yẹ CAF Champions League ní ìgbà méjì títẹ̀lé e ní ọ̀wọ́n-n-tẹ̀lé (2019–20 àti 2020–21).. El Shenawy bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt ní oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2018 nínú eré ọ̀rẹ́ kan. Wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣọ́-lébàá tí yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré fún ẹgbẹ́ wọn ní ìdíje Ife Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2018, ó sì kópa nínú àwọn eré méjì àkọ́kọ́ wọn.. == Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù == El-Shenawy bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ bọọlu rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ti El-Hamoul SC, èyí tí í ṣe ẹgbẹ́ bọọlu ìlú rẹ̀, kí ó tó kó lọ sí Al Ahly.,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/6/232893/Sports/Ahly-sign-Petrojet-goalkeeper-Mohamed-ElShennawy.aspx|title=Ahly sign Petrojet goalkeeper Mohamed El-Shennawy|publisher=Ahram Online|date=10 July 2016|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> darapọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ náà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìnlá ní ọdún 2002.<ref name="rest">{{cite web|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/8/46523/No-rest-for-Shennawy|title=No rest for Shennawy|publisher=Egypt Today|date=29 March 2018|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> Ko ṣe ifẹsẹwọnsẹ kankan ninu liigi fun ẹgbẹ agba ṣaaju ki ẹgbẹ naa to tu u silẹ ni ọdun 2009..<ref name="kf1">{{cite web|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2016/07/10/official-ahly-sign-el-shennawy/|title=Al Ahly sign Mohamed El-Shennawy|website=KingFut.com|date=10 July 2016|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tú u sílẹ̀, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù mìíràn nínú Lígì Premier ti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ìyẹn Tala'ea El Gaish..<ref name="rest" /> Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tú u sílẹ̀, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù mìíràn nínú Lígì Premier ti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ìyẹn Tala'ea El Gaish.. Mohamed El-Shenawy darapọ mọ Petrojet ni ọdun 2013. Fọọmu rẹ ni akoko 2015-16, ti o tọju iṣọpọ Ajumọṣe-giga mọkanla mọkanla ni awọn ifarahan mejilelogun, pẹlu ṣiṣe ti awọn ere-kere meje laisi gbigba, mu ẹgbẹ agba atijọ rẹ Al Ahly lati gbiyanju lati fi i silẹ lẹhin fifamọra akiyesi oluṣakoso Martin Jol..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2016/03/16/al-ahly-eye-petrojet-goalkeeper/|title=Al Ahly open negotiations for Petrojet goalkeeper|website=KingFut.com|author=Marwan Ahmed|date=16 March 2016|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> El-Shenawy pada darapọ̀ mọ́ Al-Ahly ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2016.,<ref name="kf1" /> Ó fi ara rẹ̀ mulẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣọ́-lébàá àkọ́kọ́, nígbà tí ó gba ipò Sherif Ekramy lẹ́yìn tí kò jẹ́ kí wọ́n gbá bọ́ọ̀lù wọlé sí àwọ̀n rẹ̀ rárá nínú eré márùn-ún nínú àwọn ìdíje méje ní oṣù Kínní ọdún 2018; èyí sì pẹ̀lú bí ó ṣe ran ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ láti borí Al-Masry pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò kan sí òdo (1–0) nínú ìdíje Egyptian Super Cup ti ọdún 2017. Ó tún ní àkọsílẹ̀ tó ga jùlọ ní ti ìwọ̀n ìgbà tí olùṣọ́-lébàá kan kò jẹ́ kí wọ́n gbá bọ́ọ̀lù wọlé sí àwọ̀n rẹ̀ nínú Lígì Àkọ́kọ́ ti ilẹ̀ Egypt (Egyptian Premier League).e.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2018/02/03/winners-losers-january-egyptian-league/2/|title=January 2018: Egyptian Premier League Winners and Losers|website=KingFut.com|author=Sina Isaac|date=3 February 2018|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> Nínú àwọn àsìkò eré mẹ́rin àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀, El-Shenawy ran ẹgbẹ́ náà lọ́wọ́ láti gba ife ẹ̀yẹ Egyptian Premier League ní àwọn àsìkò tí ó tẹ̀le ara wọn..<ref name="Soccerway">{{Soccerway|87623|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> Ó tún gba ife-ẹ̀yẹ CAF Champions League ti ọdún 2019–20, èyí tí ó fún un ní àǹfààní láti kópa nínú ìdíje FIFA Club World Cup ti ọdún 2020.,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/news/perseverance-pays-off-for-el-shenawy|title=Perseverance pays off for El Shenawy|website=FIFA|date=10 February 2021}}</ref> Ninu ere lati pinnu ẹni ti yoo gba ipo kẹta, o ṣaṣeyọri lati da awọn ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ijiya meji duro lakoko ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ijiya ti wọn fi gba iṣẹgun 3–2 lori Palmeiras, lẹyin ti ere naa pari pẹlu ami ayo 0–0 lẹyin iṣẹju 90 ati akoko afikun..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/news/el-shenaway-spot-kick-saves-seize-ahly-bronze#al-ahly-sc-v-se-palmeiras-fifa-club-world-cup-qatar-2020-x4462|title=El Shenaway spot-kick saves seize Ahly bronze|website=FIFA|date=11 February 2021}}</ref> Nínú eré àkọ́kọ́ ti ìdíje FIFA Club World Cup ti ọdún 2025 lòdì sí Inter Miami, El-Shenawy ṣe àwọn ìgbàlà bọ́ọ̀lù pàtàkì, títí kan títú bọ́ọ̀lù tí Lionel Messi ta láti ọ̀nà jíjìn ní àwọn ìṣẹ́jú tó kẹ́yìn eré náà, èyí tí ó sì parí pẹ̀lú àbájáde tí ẹgbẹ́ méjèèjì kò lè fi góòlù kan pàápàá wọlé.<ref>{{cite news|title=Messi, Inter Miami tie Al Ahly 0-0 in Club World Cup opener in front of 60,927 fans|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/sports/mls/inter-miami/article308579235.html|publisher=Miami Herald|date=14 June 2025|access-date=15 June 2025}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé == Fun ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu orilẹ-ede, Mohamed El-Shenawy ṣe aṣoju Egypt ni ipele labẹ-18 ati lẹhinna ṣe bọọlu fun ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu orilẹ-ede Egypt labẹ-20 ni 2007 African Youth Championship. Lati ọdun 2013, o gba ọpọlọpọ awọn ipe si ẹgbẹ agba Egypt ṣaaju ṣiṣe iṣafihan agbaye rẹ ni ijatil ọrẹ 2 – 1 lodi si Portuga.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2018/03/24/ronaldo-beat-salah/|title=Ronaldo's late double cancels Salah opener as Egypt lose to Portugal|website=KingFut.com|author=Khaled Ali|date=24 March 2018|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> Ó gba ìyìn fún bí ó ṣe ṣe bọ́ọ̀lù nínú eré náà, tí olùkọ́ni àwọn olùṣọ́-lé ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè, Ahmed Nagy, sì sọ pé: "Ó ṣe dáadáa gan-an nínú eré náà; inú mi sì dùn sí bí ó ṣe ṣe é. Ó yẹ kí ó wà nínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè."."<ref name="rest" /> Ní oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2018, wọ́n fi orúkọ rẹ̀ sínú àkójọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù àkọ́kọ́ ti orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt fún ìdíje FIFA World Cup ti ọdún 2018 ní orílẹ̀-èdè Russia..<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/egypt-world-cup-squad-profile-2018-fixtures-group-team-news-schedule-dates-times-odds-tv-channel-a8381771.html|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220515/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/egypt-world-cup-squad-profile-2018-fixtures-group-team-news-schedule-dates-times-odds-tv-channel-a8381771.html|archive-date=15 May 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|title=Egypt World Cup squad guide|newspaper=The Independent|last=Watson|first=Jack|date=4 June 2018|accessdate=3 November 2018}}</ref> Ó kópa nínú àwọn eré ìgbá-mú-ra-sílẹ̀ lòdì sí Colombia àti Belgium kí ìdíje náà tó bẹ̀rẹ̀, wọ́n sì yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣọ́-lébàá tí yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré àkọ́kọ́ wọn nínú ìdíje náà lòdì sí Uruguay—èyí tí ó jẹ́ ìgbà kẹrin péré tí yóò gba ipò náà fún orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀—níwájú Essam El-Hadary àti ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù, Ekramy..<ref name="nft">{{NFT player|id=70799|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> Wọn yan an gẹgẹbi agbabọọlu ti o tayọ julọ ninu ere akọkọ lẹyin ti o ṣe awọn igbala pataki pupọ ninu ere ti wọn fi ami ayo kan si odo (1–0) ṣẹgun wọn; sibẹsibẹ, o kọ lati gba ami-eye naa ni ọna ti awọn agbabọọlu n gba wọle si papa ere lẹyin ere naa nitori pe ile-iṣẹ Budweiser lo ṣe onigbọwọ rẹ, o si gba ki wọn ya aworan rẹ pẹlu ami-eye naa nikan..<ref>{{cite web|last1=Beiler|first1=Des|title=Egypt goalkeeper declines Budweiser-sponsored 'Man of the Match' trophy at World Cup|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2018/06/18/egypt-goalkeeper-declines-budweiser-sponsored-man-of-the-match-trophy-at-world-cup/?noredirect=on|website=The Washington Post|accessdate=19 June 2018}}</ref> Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mùsùlùmí, a kò gba El-Shenawy láyè láti mu ọtí..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/my/features/egypt-goalkeeper-mohamed-el-shenawy-turns-down-sponsored-man-match-trophy|title=Egypt goalkeeper Mohamed El-Shenawy turns down sponsored man-of-the-match trophy|publisher=FourFourTwo|date=19 June 2018|accessdate=21 June 2018|archive-date=21 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621143322/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/my/features/egypt-goalkeeper-mohamed-el-shenawy-turns-down-sponsored-man-match-trophy|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Ẹlẹgbẹ rẹ ninu ẹgbẹ, Ekramy, ati oludari ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Egypt, Ihab Leheta, gbiyanju nigba ti o ya lati yi i loju pada pe ki o gba ami-eye naa gẹgẹbi ẹbun ti o ṣe pataki ninu itan, ṣugbọn o tun kọ̀..<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/egypts-goalkeeper-refuses-to-take-over-man-of-the-match-prize/|title=Egypt's goalkeeper refuses 'Man of the match' prize|publisher=Egypt Independent|date=17 June 2018|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> Ó ṣetúbọ̀ ní ipò rẹ̀ nínú eré kejì tí orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt ṣe nínú ìpele àkọ́kọ́, nígbà tí wọ́n yọ wọ́n kúrò nínú ìdíje náà lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun wọn pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò mẹ́ta sí ọ̀kan (3–1) ní ọwọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Russia tó gbàlejò ìdíje náà..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44439062|title=Russia 3–1 Egypt|publisher=BBC Sport|author=Michael Emons|date=19 June 2018|accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> O wa ninu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Egypt fun idije Awọn orilẹ-ede Afirika 2021,,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59818147|title=Afcon 2021: Aston Villa's Trezeguet returns to join Salah and Elneny in Egypt squad|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|date=29 December 2021|accessdate=29 December 2021|archive-date=31 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231083437/https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59818147|url-status=live}}</ref> níbi tí ẹgbẹ́ náà ti dé ìpele ìparí, ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n pàdánù sí Senegal nípasẹ̀ ìta-bọ́ọ̀lù ìyà (penalty shootout)..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12532825/senegal-0-0-egypt-senegal-win-4-2-on-penalties-sadio-mane-puts-penalty-miss-behind-him-to-score-winning-spot-kick-in-shootout|title=Senegal 0-0 Egypt (Senegal win 4-2 on penalties): Sadio Mane puts penalty miss behind him to score winning spot kick in shootout|publisher=Sky Sports|date=7 February 2022}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kejì oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2025, wọ́n pe El Shenawy sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Egypt fún ìdíje Africa Cup of Nations ti ọdún 2025..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/egypt-name-final-28-man-squad-for-totalenergies-caf-afcon-2025-salah-leads-pharaohs-charge/|title=Egypt name final 28-man squad for TotalEnergies CAF AFCON 2025, Salah leads Pharaohs' charge|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|date=2 December 2025|access-date=12 December 2025}}</ref> Wọn fi orúkọ rẹ̀ kún àkójọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́rìndínlógún-lé-lẹ́wàá (26) fún ìdíje Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2026; èyí sì jẹ́ ìgbà kejì tí wọ́n yàn án fún ìdíje náà, ipò tí ó pín pẹ̀lú Mohamed Salah àti Trézéguet..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/mohamed-el-shenawy-interview-egypt|title=El Shenawy: We can achieve something special|publisher=FIFA|date=8 June 2026}}</ref> == Awọn iṣiro iṣẹ == === Club === {{Updated|match played 23 June 2025}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]] |[[2007–08 Egyptian Premier League|2007–08]] |[[Egyptian Premier League]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Tala'ea El Gaish SC|Tala'ea El-Gaish]] |[[2009–10 Egyptian Premier League|2009–10]] | rowspan="3" |Egyptian Premier League |21 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |23 |0 |- |[[2010–11 Egyptian Premier League|2010–11]] |19 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |19 |0 |- |[[2011–12 Egyptian Premier League|2011–12]] |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !44 !0 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !46 !0 |- |[[Haras El Hodoud SC|Haras El-Hodoud]] (loan) |[[2012–13 Egyptian Premier League|2012–13]] |Egyptian Premier League |15 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Petrojet SC|Petrojet]] |[[2013–14 Egyptian Premier League|2013–14]] | rowspan="3" |Egyptian Premier League |20 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3{{efn|Appearances in the Championship playoffs}} |0 |24 |0 |- |[[2014–15 Egyptian Premier League|2014–15]] |28 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |30 |0 |- |[[2015–16 Egyptian Premier League|2015–16]] |34 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |34 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !97 !0 !3 !0 !0 !0 !3 !0 !103 !0 |- | rowspan="10" |Al Ahly |[[2016–17 Egyptian Premier League|2016–17]] | rowspan="9" |Egyptian Premier League |3 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |6 |0 |- |[[2017–18 Egyptian Premier League|2017–18]] |23 |0 |3 |0 |14{{efn|Appearances in [[CAF Champions League]]|name=CCL}} |0 |1{{efn|Appearance in [[Egyptian Super Cup]]|name=ESC}} |0 |41 |0 |- |[[2018–19 Egyptian Premier League|2018–19]] |23 |0 |1 |0 |8{{efn|name=CCL}} |0 |1{{efn|name=ESC}} |0 |33 |0 |- |[[2019–20 Egyptian Premier League|2019–20]] |30 |0 |3 |0 |13{{efn|name=CCL}} |0 |1{{efn|name=ESC}} |0 |47 |0 |- |[[2020–21 Egyptian Premier League|2020–21]] |26 |0 |4 |0 |12{{efn|name=CCL}} |0 |5{{efn|One appearance in Egyptian Super Cup, one appearance in [[CAF Super Cup]], and three appearances in [[FIFA Club World Cup]]}} |0 |47 |0 |- |[[2021–22 Egyptian Premier League|2021–22]] |24 |0 |3 |0 |10{{efn|name=CCL}} |0 |2{{efn|One appearance in Egyptian Super Cup, and one appearance in CAF Super Cup}} |0 |39 |0 |- |[[2022–23 Egyptian Premier League|2022–23]] |29 |0 |4 |0 |12{{efn|name=CCL}} |0 |5{{efn|One appearance in Egyptian Super Cup, and four appearances in FIFA Club World Cup}} |0 |50 |0 |- |[[2023–24 Egyptian Premier League|2023–24]] |17 |0 | colspan="2" |— |9{{efn|Five appearances in CAF Champions league, and four appearances in the [[African Football League]]}} |0 |5{{efn|One appearance in Egyptian Super Cup, one appearance in [[CAF Super Cup]], and three appearances in FIFA Club World Cup}} |0 |31 |0 |- |[[2024–25 Egyptian Premier League|2024–25]] |18 |0 | colspan="2" |— |11{{efn|name=CCL}} |0 |7{{efn|One appearance in Egyptian Super Cup, one appearance in CAF Super Cup, two appearances in [[FIFA Intercontinental Cup]], and three appearances in FIFA Club World Cup}} |0 |36 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !193 !0 !21 !0 !89 !0 !27 !0 !330 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !334 !0 !26 !0 !89 !0 !30 !0 !495 !0 |} {{notelist}} === International === {{updated|match played 28 May 2026}}<ref name="nft" /> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by national team and year !National team !Year !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="9" |[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] |2018 |9{{efn|Two appearances in [[2018 FIFA World Cup]]}} |0 |- |2019 |9{{efn|Four appearances in [[2019 Africa Cup of Nations]]}} |0 |- |2020 |2 |0 |- |2021 |15{{efn|Six appearances in [[2021 FIFA Arab Cup]]}} |0 |- |2022 |10{{efn|Four appearances in [[2021 Africa Cup of Nations]]}} |0 |- |2023 |8 |0 |- |2024 |10{{efn|Three appearances in [[2023 Africa Cup of Nations]]}} |0 |- |2025 |9{{efn|Two appearances in [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations]]}} |0 |- |2026 |5{{efn|Three appearances in 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}} |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !77 !0 |} {{notelist}} == Àwón ólà == ; Al Ahly * [[Egyptian Premier League]]: [[2007–08 Egyptian Premier League|2007–08]], [[2016–17 Egyptian Premier League|2016–17]], [[2017–18 Egyptian Premier League|2017–18]], [[2018–19 Egyptian Premier League|2018–19]], [[2019–20 Egyptian Premier League|2019–20]], [[2022–23 Egyptian Premier League|2022–23]], [[2023–24 Egyptian Premier League|2023–24]] * [[Egypt Cup]]: [[2016–17 Egypt Cup|2016–17]], [[2019–20 Egypt Cup|2019–20]], [[2021–22 Egypt Cup|2021–22]], [[2022–23 Egypt Cup|2022–23]] * [[Egyptian Super Cup]]: [[2018 Egyptian Super Cup|2018]], [[2019 Egyptian Super Cup|2019]], [[2021–22 Egyptian Super Cup|2022]], [[2022–23 Egyptian Super Cup|2023]], [[2023–24 Egyptian Super Cup|2023–24]], [[2024 Egyptian Super Cup|2024]] * [[CAF Champions League]]: [[2019–20 CAF Champions League|2019–20]], [[2020–21 CAF Champions League|2020–21]], [[2022–23 CAF Champions League|2022–23]], [[2023-24 CAF Champions League|2023-24]] * [[CAF Super Cup]]: [[2021 CAF Super Cup (May)|2021 (May)]], [[2021 CAF Super Cup (December)|2021 (Dec)]] * [[FIFA African–Asian–Pacific Cup]]: [[2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup|2024]] ; Individual * [[CAF Awards#African Inter-Club Player of the Year (Based in Africa)|African Inter-Club Player of the Year]]: 2022 * [[Africa Cup of Nations]] Group Stage Best XI: [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations|2025]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=AFCON 2025: The Best XI of the Group Stage – Featuring Baleba, Mahrez, Mané, and More|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/afcon-2025-the-best-xi-of-the-group-stage-featuring-baleba-mahrez-mane-and-more/|access-date=4 January 2026|website=AFCON 2025: The Best XI of the Group Stage – Featuring Baleba, Mahrez, Mané, and More|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Àwón ítókasi == {{reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category}} * {{UEFA player}} * {{Olympics.com}} * {{Olympedia}} {{Authority control}} {{Al Ahly SC squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Egypt squads|bg=#DD0000|fg=white|bordercolor=black|list1={{Egypt squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}} {{Egypt squad 2019 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Egypt men's football squad 2020 Summer Olympics}} {{Egypt squad 2021 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Egypt squad 2023 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Egypt squad 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{Navboxes|title=Awards|bg=gold|fg=navy|list={{Al Ahly SC Player of the Season}} {{CAF Africa Based Player of the Year}} {{2022–23 Egyptian Premier League Team of the Season}} {{2024–25 Egyptian Premier League Team of the Season}}}}{{Portal bar|Association football|Egypt}}{{Authority control}} 6wawei9ep7y6hvdha38tlpr94egny9f 0 84243 637135 636680 2026-09-17T06:50:22Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637135 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>{short description|Egyptian footballer (born 2008)}}</nowiki>{{Infobox football biography|name=Hamza Abdelkarim|image=Hamza Abdelkarim Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-005.jpg|caption=Abdelkarim with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Hamza Mohamed Abdelkarim Elsayed Selim<ref name="La Liga"/><ref name="FIFA">{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=FIFA World Cup 2026™ – Squad List: Egypt (EGY) |publisher=FIFA |page=17 |date=19 July 2026 |access-date=21 July 2026 |archive-date=21 July 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260721042044/https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |url-status=live |dead-url=no }}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|2008|1|1|df=y}}<ref name="FIFA"/>|birth_place=[[Cairo]], Egypt|currentclub=[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]|clubnumber=29<ref name="La Liga"/><ref name="FC Barcelona" />|height=1.82 m<ref name="FC Barcelona" />|position=[[Striker (association football)|Striker]]|youthyears1=2020–2026|youthclubs1=[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]|youthyears2=2026|youthclubs2=→ [[FC Barcelona (youth)|Barcelona]] (loan)|years1=2025–2026|clubs1=[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]|caps1=1|goals1=0|years2=2026–|clubs2=[[FC Barcelona Atlètic|Barcelona B]]|caps2=0|goals2=0|years3=2026–|clubs3=[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]|caps3=1|goals3=0|nationalyears1=2024–2025|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national under-17 football team|Egypt U17]]|nationalcaps1=19|nationalgoals1=12|nationalyears2=2025|nationalteam2=[[Egypt national under-20 football team|Egypt U20]]|nationalcaps2=2|nationalgoals2=0|nationalyears3=2026–|nationalteam3=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps3=6|nationalgoals3=0|club-update=31 August 2026|nationalteam-update=7 July 2026}}'''Hamza Mohamed Abdelkarim Elsayed Selim''' ({{langx|ar|حمزة محمد عبد الكريم سليم}};(tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù Kínní ọdún 2008) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ẹni tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbá-bọ́ọ̀lù-wọlé-àfojùsùn (striker) fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù La Liga tí í ṣe Barcelona[1][2] àti ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt.. == Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù == === Al Ahly === Abdelkarim darapọ̀ mọ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ bọ́ọ̀lù ti Al Ahly ní ọdún 2020, lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣe àṣeyọrí nínú ìdánwò pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ náà. Wọ́n pe e sínú ẹgbẹ́ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù àgbà fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní oṣù Kínní ọdún 2025, ṣáájú eré kan nínú Lígì Premier ti Egypt lòdì sí ẹgbẹ́ Pharco..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.egypttelegraph.com/article/112526/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D8%B8%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84%D9%8A|title=بعد ظهوره للمرة الأولى في قائمة الأهلي.. من هو حمزة عبدالكريم؟|trans-title=After his first appearance on Al-Ahly's roster... Who is Hamza Abdelkarim|date=21 January 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|website=egypttelegraph.com|language=ar}}</ref> Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé kò tíì kópa nínú eré náà, ìpinnu láti pè é wọlé nígbà tó ṣì kéré gan-an yìí gba ìyìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ olùkọ́ni ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù àwọn ọ̀dọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt, Tamer Hassan, ẹni tí ó sọ pé Abdelkarim yóò di agbábọ́ọ̀lù pàtàkì fún ẹgbẹ́ Al Ahly..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://elcaptain.dostor.org/216657|title=مدرب منتخب الشباب يشيد بقرار انضمام حمزة عبدالكريم لقائمة الأهلى أمام فاركو|trans-title=The youth team coach praises the decision to include Hamza Abdelkarim in Al-Ahly's squad against Pharco|date=21 January 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|website=elcaptain.dostor.org|language=ar}}</ref> Ni oṣu ti o tẹle e, ni ọjọ kẹfa oṣu Keji ọdun 2025, Abdelkarim ṣe ere akọkọ rẹ gẹgẹbi agbabọọlu alamọdaju fun ẹgbẹ naa, nigba ti o wọle lati rọpo Emam Ashour ni ipari ere ti wọn fi ami ayo meji si ọkan (2–1) bori Petrojet..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.egypttelegraph.com/article/117461/%D8%AF%D8%AE%D9%84-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8B%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A9|title=دخل بديلًا لإمام عاشور.. من هو حمزة عبد الكريم ناشئ الأهلي الجديد؟|trans-title=He replaced Emam Ashour.. Who is Hamza Abdelkarim, Al-Ahly's new junior|date=6 February 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|website=egypttelegraph.com|language=ar}}</ref> Ní ṣíṣe bẹ́ẹ̀, ó di agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti ṣojú ẹgbẹ́ náà ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ó sì borí àkọsílẹ̀ Ramadan Sobhi pẹ̀lú àfikún ọjọ́ mẹ́sàn-án..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/3371647|title=حمزة عبدالكريم أصغر لاعب يشارك مع الأهلي|trans-title=Hamza Abdelkarim is the youngest player to play for Al-Ahly|date=6 February 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|website=almasryalyoum.com|language=ar}}</ref> Ni ọsẹ ti o tẹle e, a royin pe ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Dutch ti a n pe ni Feyenoord, eyi ti o wa ni liigi Eredivisie, nifẹ si gbigba Abdelkarim wọle fun idanwo..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sport.elfagr.org/5119168|title=فاينورد الهولندي يطلب ضم حمزة عبدالكريم.. والأهلي يدرس القرار|trans-title=Dutch club Feyenoord requests to sign Hamza Abdelkarim, and Al-Ahly is studying the decision|date=10 February 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|website=sport.elfagr.org|language=ar}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ní oṣù Kínní ọdún 2026, ó fa àdéhùn rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Al Ahly gùn sí ọdún 2028..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ysscores.com/en/news/13901093/Hamza-Abdel-Karim-Extends-Contract-with-Al-Ahly-Before-Moving-to-Barcelona|title=Hamza Abdel Karim Extends Contract with Al Ahly Before Moving to Barcelona|publisher=ysscores.com|date=30 January 2026}}</ref> === Barcelona === Ni ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2026, Abdelkarim darapọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Barcelona ti Ligi La Liga nípasẹ̀ àdéhùn yíyà-lò títí di òpin àsìkò ìdíje ọdún 2025–26, pẹ̀lú àǹfààní láti ra á ní kíkún..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/barca-b/news/4442438/hamza-abdelkarim-joins-barca-atletic|title=Hamza Abdelkarim joins Barça Atlètic|publisher=FC Barcelona|date=1 February 2026}}</ref> Awọn ọrọ ti o jẹ mọ iṣakoso ni o ṣe idiwọ fun un lati gba bọọlu titi di ọjọ kẹjọ oṣu Kẹta, ṣugbọn ninu ere akọkọ rẹ pẹlu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu ti awọn ti ko tii pe ọmọ ọdun mọkandinlogun (U-19), o gba ami-ayo kan wọle ni papa-iṣere Huesca..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.panafricafootball.com/article/video-hamza-abdelkarim-scores-first-barcelona-youth-goal-on-debut-against-huesca|title=Video: Hamza AbdelKarim scores first Barcelona youth goal on debut against Huesca|publisher=Pan-Africa Football|date=8 March 2026}}</ref> Ní àsìkò kan ní ọdún yẹn, láàárín ìfẹ́ tí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ Sporting CP àti Bologna ní sí i, ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù Kẹfà, Barcelona sọ ìyípadà Abdelkarim láti Al Ahly di èyí tí ó dúró ṣinṣin; èyí wáyé lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n lo ẹ̀tọ́ wọn láti ra ẹrö-gbá-bọ́ọ̀lù náà nípa lílo àdéhùn tí iye owó rẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti €1.5 mílíọ̀nù, pẹ̀lú àwọn owó àfikún tí ó dá lórí bí ó ṣe ń ṣe dáadáa nínú eré..<ref>{{cite news|last=Sanderson|first=Tom|title=FC Barcelona Activates Release Clause And Completes Permanent Transfer|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomsanderson/2026/06/10/fc-barcelona-activates-release-clause-and-completes-permanent-transfer/|work=Forbes|date=10 June 2026|access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Monfort">{{cite web|url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/secretos-fichaje-hamza-abdelkarim-convencio-131311671|title=Los secretos del fichaje de Hamza Abdelkarim|language=es|date=12 June 2026}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù Keje ọdún 2026, Abdelkarim ṣe ìfarahàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ àgbà ti Barcelona nínú eré ọ̀rẹ́ ṣááju àsìkò ìdíje lòdì sí CE Europa, èyí tí Barcelona fi ayò mẹ́rin sí ọ̀kan (4–1) borí. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ọ̀rẹ́ tó tẹ̀lé e lòdì sí Birmingham City ní ọ̀sẹ̀ kan lẹ́yìn náà, ó sì gba àwọn góòlù méjèèjì nínú eré tí ó parí sí ìdọ́gba ayò méjì sí méjì (2–2), kí Barcelona tó wá pàdánù pẹ̀lú àmì ayò mẹ́ta sí méjì (3–2) nígbà tí wọ́n ń ta àwọn ìyà-ẹ̀tọ́ (penalty shootout)..<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/friendlies/articles/birmingham-city-defeats-fc-barcelona-on-penalties-after-a-thrilling-2-2-draw-in-an-international-friendly-2026-07-31|title=Birmingham city defeats fc barcelona on penalties after a thrilling 2-2 draw in an international friendly|access-date=2026-08-01|website=beIN SPORTS|language=en-us}}</ref> Abdelkarim kópa nínú àwọn eré ìgbá-mú-ra-sílẹ̀ fún àsìkò tuntun ti Barcelona lòdì sí Nottingham Forest, Udinese, Basel, àti Al Ahly; ó gba àpapọ̀ àmì-ayò mẹ́rin wọlé láàrin àkókò ooru náà, ó sì gba ìyìn gíga lọ́wọ́ olùkọ́ni Hansi Flick..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/ahead-of-the-al-ahly-match-a-message-from-barcelona-regarding-hamza-abdelkarim/blt39ef55bc0cc10924|title=Ahead of the Al-Ahly match: a message from Barcelona regarding Hamza Abdelkarim|publisher=Goal.com|date=17 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/a-narrow-win-hamza-s-brilliance-and-the-raphinha-surprise-how-the-spanish-press-saw-the-al-ahly-and-barcelona-match/blt83de6da771e678ca|title=A narrow win, Hamza's brilliance and the Raphinha surprise: How the Spanish press saw the Al Ahly and Barcelona match|publisher=Goal.com|date=20 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn iṣẹ́ ribiribi tó ṣe ní àkókò ìgbá-múra-sílẹ̀ fún sáà bọ́ọ̀lù, Flick gbé Abdelkarim lọ sí ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ ti Barcelona fún sáà La Liga ti ọdún 2026–27, ó sì fún un ní aṣọ eré tí ó ní nọ́mbà 29 lára ​​rẹ̀.<ref name="GoalReward">{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/decisive-decision-barcelona-officially-reward-hamza-abdelkarim/blta43716a1cab4485e|title=Decisive decision: Barcelona officially reward Hamza Abdelkarim|publisher=Goal.com|date=25 August 2026|access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref>, Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé wọ́n forúkọ rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ 'B' pẹ̀lú aṣọ eré tí ó ní nọ́ńbà 19..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/barca-b/noticias/4572051/los-dorsales-del-barca-atletic-para-la-temporada-202627|title=Los dorsales del Barça Atlètic para la temporada 2026/27|publisher=FC Barcelona Atlètic|date=30 August 2026}}</ref> Wọn fi orukọ Hamza sinu atokọ awọn agbabọọlu ti yoo wa lori ijoko fun ere akọkọ ti Barcelona ninu idije La Liga ti ọdun 2026–27 lodi si Elche ni ọjọ kẹtalelogun oṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 2026..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://koorabreak.com/en/330207/|title=Egyptian Forward Hamza Abdelkarim Included in Barcelona Squad for Elche Clash|publisher=Koora Break|date=23 August 2026|access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹjọ, ó ṣe ìṣàfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ àgbà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí wọ́n fi rọ́pò ẹlòmíràn nínú ìṣẹ́gun 5–2 lórí Rayo Vallecano..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/first-team/news/4569791/hamza-abdelkarim-makes-competitive-debut-for-fc-barcelona|title=Hamza Abdelkarim makes competitive debut for FC Barcelona|publisher=FC Barcelona|date=31 August 2026}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹsan-an oṣù Kẹsan ọdún 2026, Hamza gba ìpè àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ sí ìdíje UEFA Champions League, wọ́n sì fi orúkọ rẹ̀ sínú àtòjọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí yóò jókòó sí ìjókòó àwọn aropo nígbà tí Barcelona ṣẹ́gun Feyenoord pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò 5–1 nínú eré ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdíje UEFA Champions League ti ọdún 2026–27..<ref>{{cite news|last1=|title=What about Hamza Abdelkarim? Flick announces squad to open the Champions League campaign|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/what-about-hamza-abdelkarim-flick-announces-squad-to-open-the-champions-league-campaign/blt2cb6be8f0b7c878a|website=Goal.com|date=2026-09-09|access-date=2026-09-10}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn ọjọ́ méjì, Barcelona kéde pé àwọn ti dé àdéhùn pẹ̀lú Abdelkarim lórí àdéhùn kan tí yóò jẹ́ kí ó wà ní ẹgbẹ́ náà títí di ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2030. Wọ́n ṣètò láti fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn náà lọ́nà tí ó bófin mu ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dógún oṣù Kẹsàn-án ní ọ́fíìsì ààrẹ ẹgbẹ́ Barcelona, ​​Joan Laporta..<ref>{{cite web|title=Agreement for new contract for Hamza Abdelkarim|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/first-team/news/4575138/agreement-for-new-contract-for-hamza-abdelkarim|publisher=FC Barcelona|date=11 September 2026|access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé == Abdelkarim ṣoju fun orilẹ-ede Egypt ninu idije UNAF fun awọn agbabọọlu ti ko tii pe ọmọ ọdun mẹtadinlọgun (U17) ti ọdun 2024, eyi ti o waye ni Algeria ati Morocco; o si gba ami-ayò mẹta wọle ninu awọn idije mejeeji lati ṣe iranlọwọ fun orilẹ-ede rẹ lati gba awọn ife-eye mejeeji naa..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://trend.elwatanplus.com/%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b2%d9%87-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%85/|title=حمزه عبدالكريم يصعد ضمن صفوف نادي الأهلي بعد تلاقيه رجال المباراة مرتين متتاليتين في منتخب مصر للناشئين|trans-title=Hamza Abdelkarim is promoted to the Al Ahly squad after facing the men of the match twice in a row in the Egyptian youth national team|date=13 February 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|website=trend.elwatanplus.com|language=ar}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wọ́n tún pè é wá fún ìdíje U17 Africa Cup of Nations ti ọdún 2025, ṣùgbọ́n kò lè ran orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt lọ́wọ́ láti kọjá ìpele àkọ́kọ́ (group stage), bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé ó gba góòlù méjì wọlé. Iṣẹ́ ribiribi tó ṣe nínú eré wọn lòdì sí Angola—tó fi mọ́ góòlù kan tó gbà wọlé nínú ìṣẹ́gun 2–1 tí Egypt ní—ló mú kí orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ ní àǹfààní láti kópa nínú ìdíje FIFA U17 World Cup ti ọdún 2025..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sport.elwatannews.com/ar/1/1/1227065/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%AF-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B6%D9%84-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7|title=حمزة عبدالكريم يحصد جائزة أفضل لاعب في مباراة مصر وأنجولا|trans-title=Hamza Abdelkarim wins the best player award in the Egypt-Angola match|date=12 April 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|website=sport.elwatannews.com|language=ar}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2026, wọ́n yan Abdelkarim sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Egypt fún ìdíje Ife Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2026..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.efa.com.eg/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8BD-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%86-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84%D9%8A/|title=حسام حسن يعلن قائمة المنتخب الوطني المبدئية استعداداً لكأس العالم|trans-title=Hossam Hassan announces the preliminary squad for the national team in preparation for the World Cup|publisher=[[Egyptian Football Association]]|date=20 May 2026|access-date=20 May 2026|language=ar}}</ref> Ó ṣe ìṣàfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Karùn-ún, nígbà tí wọ́n fi í rọ́pò ẹlòmíràn ní ìṣẹ́jú kẹtàlélọ́gọ́rin ó lé mẹ́fà (86th minute) nínú eré ọ̀rẹ́ kan tí wọ́n fi góòlù kan sí òdo (1–0) ṣẹ́gun Russia..<ref>{{cite web|last=Rzouki|first=Mina|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/2026/06/09/world-cup-2026-five-young-arab-talents-who-could-light-up-the-tournament/|title=World Cup 2026: Five young Arab talents who could light up the tournament|publisher=The National News|date=9 June 2026}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dógún oṣù Kẹfà, ó ṣe ìṣàfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ nínú ìdíje Ife Àgbáyé gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí wọ́n fi rọ́pò ẹlòmíràn nínú eré tí ó parí sí ìdọ́gba (1–1) pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Belgium; èyí sì sọ ọ́ di agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti kópa nínú Ife Àgbáyé, nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún méjìdínlógún àti ọjọ́ ọgọ́rùn-ún mẹ́rìndínláàádọ́ta (165)..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49077523/fifa-world-cup-2026-stats-june-15-day-wc-draws-spain-734-south-america-0-4|title=FIFA World Cup 2026 stats: June 15 day of WC draws, Spain's 734, South America 0/4|publisher=ESPN|date=15 June 2026}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé ara-ẹni == Ó mọ èdè Lárúbáwá ti ilẹ̀ Egypt àti èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì dáadáa, ó sì ti ń kọ́ èdè Spanish nígbà tí ó di ọdún 2026..<ref name="Monfort" /> == Awọn iṣiro iṣẹ == === Club === {{updated|match played 31 August 2026}}<ref>{{Soccerway|hamza-abdel-karim/1019710}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National cup{{efn|Includes [[Egypt Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |League cup{{efn|Includes [[Egyptian League Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |[[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]] |[[2024–25 Al Ahly SC season|2024–25]] |[[Egyptian Premier League]] |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |[[2025–26 Al Ahly SC season|2025–26]] |Egyptian Premier League |0 |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |1{{efn|Appearance in [[CAF Champions League]]}} |0 |0 |0 |8 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !1 !0 !1 !0 !6 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !9 !0 |- |[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] |[[2026–27 FC Barcelona season|2026–27]] |[[La Liga]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !2 !0 !1 !0 !6 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !10 !0 |} {{notelist}} == Àwón ólà == '''Al Ahly''' * [[Egyptian Premier League]]: [[2024–25 Egyptian Premier League|2024–25]] == Àwón ítókasi == {{Notelist}}{{reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category}} * [https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/first-team/players/572280/hamza-mohamed-abdelkarim-elsayed-selim Profile] at the FC Barcelona website * [https://www.laliga.com/en-GB/player/hamza-abdelkarim Profile] at La Liga website * {{UEFA player}} {{FC Barcelona Atlètic squad}} {{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}} at48oy5jm3kp1pmbqc5j1qcdusdwbch 0 84245 637138 636684 2026-09-17T06:53:40Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637138 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>{short description|Egyptian footballer (born 2001)}}</nowiki>{{Infobox football biography|name=Hossam Abdelmaguid|image=Hossam Abdelmaguid Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-006.jpg|caption=Abdelmaguid with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Hossam Abdelmaguid Abdelsalam Abdelmaguid<ref name="FIFA">{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=FIFA World Cup 2026™ – Squad List: Egypt (EGY) |publisher=FIFA |page=17 |date=19 July 2026 |access-date=21 July 2026 |archive-date=21 July 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260721042044/https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |url-status=live |dead-url=no }}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|2001|04|30|df=y}}<ref name="FIFA"/>|birth_place=[[Giza]], Egypt|height=1.93 m<ref name="FIFA"/>|position=[[Centre-back]]|currentclub=[[PFC Ludogorets Razgrad|Ludogorets Razgrad]]|clubnumber=4|youthyears1={{0|0000}}–2020|youthclubs1=[[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]]|years1=2020–2026|clubs1=[[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]]|caps1=145|goals1=10|years2=2026–|clubs2=[[PFC Ludogorets Razgrad|Ludogorets Razgrad]]|caps2=3|goals2=0|nationalyears1=2022–2024|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national under-23 football team|Egypt U23]]|nationalcaps1=20|nationalgoals1=2|nationalyears2=2023–|nationalteam2=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps2=15|nationalgoals2=0|club-update=|nationalteam-update=9 September 2026}}'''Hossam Abdelmaguid Abdelsalam Abdelmaguid''' ({{langx|ar|حسام عبد المجيد عبد السلام عبد المجيد}}; (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ 30 oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 2001) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ẹni tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbèjà àárín fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Ludogorets Razgrad ní Lígì Kìíní ti Bulgaria àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt..<ref name="filgoal">{{cite web|url=https://www.filgoal.com/players/167538|title=FilGoal &#124; حسام عبد المجيد - لاعب نادي الزمالك|website=filgoal.com|accessdate=6 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="kooora">{{cite web|url=https://www.kooora.com/?player=154553|website=kooora.com|title=اللاعب: حسام عبد المجيد|accessdate=13 August 2024|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119140249/https://www.kooora.com/?player=154553|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="zamalek">{{cite web|url=https://zamalek.news/2020/09/كارتيرون-يكشف-سر-فوز-الزمالك-على-طلائع/|title=كارتيرون يكشف سر فوز الزمالك على طلائع الجيش - اخبار الزمالك|website=Zamalek News|accessdate=6 September 2020}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù == Abdelmaguid bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù rẹ̀ ní Zamalek, kí ó tó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Ludogorets Razgrad tí ó wà ní Lígì Kìíní ti Bulgaria ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2026..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/573074/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Egypt-defender-Abdelmaguid-joins-Ludogorets-from-Z.aspx|title=Egypt defender Abdelmaguid joins Ludogorets from Zamalek|publisher=Ahram Online|date=18 July 2026}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé == Ni ọjọ́ kejì oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2025, wọ́n pe Abdelmaguid sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Egypt fún ìdíje Ife Àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2025..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/egypt-name-final-28-man-squad-for-totalenergies-caf-afcon-2025-salah-leads-pharaohs-charge/|title=Egypt name final 28-man squad for TotalEnergies CAF AFCON 2025, Salah leads Pharaohs' charge|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|date=2 December 2025|access-date=12 December 2025}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2026, wọ́n fi orúkọ rẹ̀ kún àkójọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n fún ìdíje Ife Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2026..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/egypt-squad-named|title=Salah headlines Egypt squad|publisher=FIFA|date=20 May 2026}}</ref> == Àwón ólà == '''Zamalek''' * [[Egyptian Premier League]]: [[2020–21 Egyptian Premier League|2020–21]], [[2021–22 Egyptian Premier League|2021–22]], [[2025–26 Egyptian Premier League|2025–26]] * [[Egypt Cup]]: [[2020–21 Egypt Cup|2020–21]], [[2024–25 Egypt Cup|2024–25]] * [[CAF Confederation Cup]]: [[2023–24 CAF Confederation Cup|2023–24]] * [[CAF Super Cup]]: [[2024 CAF Super Cup|2024]] == Àwón ísíró ísé == === Club === {{updated|22 August 2020.}}<ref>{{Soccerway|new_id=hossam-abdelmaguid/h2HkF6cf|accessdate=11 December 2025}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]] |[[2019–20 Egyptian Premier League|2019–20]] |[[Egyptian Premier League]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !1 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !1 !0 |} ; Notes {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}} == Àwón ítókasi == {{reflist|1}} == External links == {{Commons category}} * [https://www.efa.com.eg/ar/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86/%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AF/ Profile] at the Egyptian Football Association website {{in lang|ar}} * {{UEFA player}} * {{Olympics.com}} * {{Olympedia}} {{PFC Ludogorets Razgrad squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Egypt squads|bg=#CE1126|fg=white|bordercolor=black|list1={{Egypt men's football squad 2024 Summer Olympics}} {{Egypt squad 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}} {{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{2024–25 Egyptian Premier League Team of the Season}} {{2025–26 Egyptian Premier League Team of the Season}} {{Egypt-footy-bio-stub}} 4mi35zd66alkcjpqufkfzjlczmikjjm 0 84256 637149 636700 2026-09-17T07:32:43Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637149 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_Logo.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_Logo.png|frameless]] |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_(YSMA)_.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_(YSMA)_.jpg|frameless]] |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |<mapframe zoom="13" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#525252","stroke-width":3,"fill":"#dbdbdb"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q109255796"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":3,"stroke":"#525252","title":"Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q109255796"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[3.854956,6.488203],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#919090","title":"Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art","marker-symbol":"museum"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption"></div> |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" |Established | class="infobox-data" |October&nbsp;18, 2019<span class="noprint">&#x3B;&#x20;6 years ago</span>&nbsp;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2019-10-18</span>) |- class="adr" ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" |Location | class="infobox-data locality" |Lekki, Nigeria |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" |Coordinates | class="infobox-data" |<span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art&params=6.488203_N_3.854956_E_type:landmark <span class="geo-nondefault"><span title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location" class="geo-dms"><span class="latitude">6°29′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">3°51′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;</span><span class="geo-default"><span title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location" class="geo-dec">6.488203°N 3.854956°E</span>&#xFEFF; / <span class="geo">6.488203; 3.854956</span></span>]</span></span> |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" |Type | class="infobox-data" |[[:en:Art_museum|Art museum]] |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" |Website | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[https://museum.pau.edu.ng/ museum.pau.edu.ng] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814212230/https://museum.pau.edu.ng/explore/virtual-tour |date=2022-08-14 }}</span> |} '''Ilé ọnà Yémísí Syllon''' jẹ́ ilé-ìṣefihàn tí ó wà lábẹ́ ìṣàkóso aládàáni, tí ó sì wà ní àgbàgbà ibùdó Yunifásítì Pan-Atlantic ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó, ní Nàìjíríà. == Ìtàn == Ero lati ṣeto ile-iṣafihan iṣẹ-ọnà (museum) ni ile-ẹkọ giga ti wa ni ilana fun igba pipẹ. Ni oṣu Kẹrin ọdun 2011, ile-ẹkọ giga naa gbe igbesẹ kan si ọna yii nipa ṣiṣi "Virtual Museum of Modern and Contemporary Nigerian Art" (Ile-iṣafihan Iṣẹ-ọnà Naijiria ti ode-oni lori ayelujara) lori oju-iwe ayelujara rẹ.<ref>{{cite web|title=Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art|url=https://museum.pau.edu.ng/about/history|website=museum.pau.edu.ng|access-date=2 August 2023}}</ref> Bi akoko ti n lọ, ile-ẹkọ giga gba awọn imọran lati ọdọ awọn olugba ati olutọju iṣẹ-ọnà (collectors) oriṣiriṣi ni Naijiria, ti wọn fẹ lati ṣe iranlọwọ lati ṣeto ile-iṣafihan iṣẹ-ọnà ni PAU. Botilẹjẹpe ko si ọkan ninu awọn imọran wọnyi ti o di otitọ, ile-ẹkọ giga naa fi awọn eto fun ile-iṣafihan iṣẹ-ọnà ti ọjọ iwaju kun Eto Idagbasoke Gbogbogbo (Masterplan) akọkọ rẹ fun idagbasoke agbegbe ile-iwe akọkọ rẹ ni Ibeju Lekki. Ní ọdún 2012, lẹ́yìn àkọsílẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ tí yunifásítì àti àwọn olùdámọ̀ràn àwòrán ṣe, wọ́n ṣe àwọn àwòrán àkọ́kọ́ fún ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà. Lẹ́yìn náà, ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2014, Prince Yemisi Shyllon, olùkó àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà, gbé àbá kan kalẹ̀ fún yunifásítì náà, ó sì fún wọn ní àwọn iṣẹ́ láti inú àkójọ rẹ̀ láti kó sí ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé-sí yunifásítì náà. Yunifásítì náà gba ìmọ̀ràn rẹ̀, ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2015, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ méjèèjì fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn kan, wọ́n sì dá Ilé Àkójọ Àwọn Ọnà Yémísí Shyllon sílẹ̀. Àdéhùn náà mú kí Prince Shyllon fi ẹgbẹ̀rún kan (1,000) iṣẹ́ ọnà láti inú àkójọ rẹ̀ fún ilé àkójọ àwọn ohun èlò ìṣẹ̀dá tuntun. Ni afikun, o ṣe ileri lati pese atilẹyin owo fun ikole ati idaduro igba pipẹ ti ile musiọmu naa nipasẹ awọn sisanwo deede. Ní àárín ọdún 2015, yunifásítì yan Redgrey Associates, ilé-iṣẹ́ kan tí ó wà ní ìlú Èkó, gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdámọ̀ràn fún iṣẹ́ náà. Ìtumọ̀ àti ìṣètò ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé-sí náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yípadà. Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2018, wọ́n yan Jess Castellote, ẹni tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ lórí àwòrán ilé náà tẹ́lẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí àkọ́kọ́ ní ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà. Wọ́n parí kíkọ́ ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2019, wọ́n sì ṣí i fún gbogbo ènìyàn ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún kan náà. == Àwọn àkójọ == [[File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_14.jpg|thumb| Inu ile musiọmu]] Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀dá náà ní àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ayàwòrán ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà bíi El Anatsui, [[Uche Okeke]] àti Bruce Onobrakpeya . Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àkójọ àwọn ère ìtàn. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà láti ìgbà tí ìjọba ti ń ṣe ìjọba títí di àkókò yìí. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn [[Àṣà Nok|igi Nok terracotta]] tí a rí ní Igbo-Ukwu àti Àríwá Àárín Gbùngbùn Nàìjíríà, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìfihàn lórí iṣẹ́ ọnà Ife àti iṣẹ́ ọnà Benin. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn ère onígi ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ìbílẹ̀ láti ọwọ́ ayàwòrán Yorùbá Lamidi Olonade Fakeye. Ni afikun, ile musiọmu naa ni awọn iṣẹ ọna lati ọdọ awọn oṣere Ben Enwonwu, [[Peju Alatise]], Victor Ehikhamenor, Akinola Lasekan ati [[Àìná Onábólú|Aina Onabolu]] . Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní ère idẹ ti orí Ife. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn fọ́tò àwọn ayẹyẹ àṣà oríṣiríṣi ní Nàìjíríà, Ariyo Oguntimehin ló ṣe ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn fọ́tò wọ̀nyí. Ni afikun, ile musiọmu naa ni awọn ere nipasẹ Isiaka Osunde, Oladapo Afolayan, Adeola Balogun ati Okpu Eze. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà tún ní àkójọ àwọn ohun èlò gbígbẹ́ igi. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-06-02|title=The Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art: Restoring African art to its glory|url=https://www.thecable.ng/the-yemisi-shyllon-museum-of-art-restoring-african-art-to-its-glory|access-date=2021-10-25|language=en-US}}</ref> Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àkójọ àwọn ìbòjú Afikpo, èyí tí í ṣe ìbòjú ìbílẹ̀ tí a fi igi ṣe tí àwọn ènìyàn Afikpo, ẹ̀yà kan ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ebonyi]], ń lò. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní apá kan tí a yà sọ́tọ̀ fún àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Òṣogbo|Oshogbo]] ti Iṣẹ́-ọnà, tí ó ní àwọn iṣẹ́ tí [[Muraina Oyelami]], Susanne Wenger, Rufus Ogundele, àti Nike Davies-Okundaye ṣe. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà tún ní [[Ifá|àwọn Àwo Ìdámọ̀ Ifa]] . Ilé ìkópamọ́ náà ní àwọn ìṣúra tí ó ti wà láti ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún láti [[Ilẹ̀ Ọba Benin|ìjọba Benin]], àti ère ọba kan tí ó ti wà láti ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá tí ó jẹ́ ti ìjọba Ife. == Àwọn ìfihàn == Ní ọdún 2019, ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ìfihàn kan tí Iheanyi Onwuegbuchi ṣètò tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ "Ọkùnrin Àwòrán" èyí tí ó jẹ́ ìfihàn lórí iṣẹ́ ọnà, àwùjọ, àti ìṣèlú Nàìjíríà. Ifihan keji ti Ihaenyi Onwuegbuchi ṣe agbekalẹ ni ọdun 2020 "Making Matter", jẹ ifihan lori ohun elo ati imọ-ẹrọ. Ní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2021, ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà gbé ìfihàn kan kalẹ̀ tí a pè ní "Àwọn Ọwọ́ Aláìlèṣeéṣe", tí Fisayo Bakare ṣètò, tí ó ń ṣe ayẹyẹ àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà ti àwọn obìnrin ayàwòrán ní Nàìjíríà. Ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2022, Fisayo Bakare ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ “Omi Lábẹ́ Afárá” mìíràn, ìfihàn kan tí ó ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìrìnàjò àti ìrántí, tí ó ń pe àwọn àlejò láti ronú lórí ìrìnàjò àwọn aṣíwájú. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Àyọkà pẹ̀lú ìjúwe ṣókí]] ntjudeiwczql2iam3ivouqsmttoq2od 0 84260 637158 636704 2026-09-17T08:57:17Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Lakin Ogunbanwo|image=|caption=|birth_date=|birth_place=|occupation=Photographer|years_active=|education=[[Babcock University]] <br> [[Buckingham University]]|children=|website=}} '''Lakin Ogunbanwo''' jẹ́ olùyawòrán aṣọ ní Nàìjíríà tí a tún mọ̀ fún ìfarahàn àwọn àwòrán tí ó kún fún ìbànújẹ́. == Ìgbésí ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == Kí Ogunbanwo tó lọ sí Yunifásítì Buckingham, ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa òfin ní Yunifásítì Babcock . Lẹ́yìn náà ni mo bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ fọ́tò ní ọdún 2012. Àwòrán kan tí ''Forbes'' ṣe ní ọdún 2015 ṣàpèjúwe Ogunbanwo gẹ́gẹ́ bí "oníyàwòrán tí ó kọ́ ara rẹ̀ ní ẹ̀kọ́". Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ogunbanwo ti sọ, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó ní ìfẹ́ sí fọ́tò nígbà gbogbo, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ́ iṣẹ́ ọnà náà nípa ṣíṣe àṣàrò pẹ̀lú àwòrán àwọn arábìnrin rẹ̀. Lẹ́yìn tí ó ti ń ya àwòrán nípasẹ̀ ìmọ̀ tí ó ti kó jọ fúnra rẹ̀, Ogunbanwo pinnu láti gba ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó péye nípa lílọ sí ilé-ìwé Spéos Photography Institute ní Paris. A ti ṣàpèjúwe irúfẹ́ iṣẹ́ ìyàwòrán rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó ní ẹ̀ka méjì — "iṣẹ́ ìyàwòrán tó lágbára tí ó sì máa ń fa àfiyèsí gidigidi" àti "iṣẹ́ ìyàwòrán nípa aṣọ àti ìṣe-ọ̀ṣọ́ (fashion photography).". Nígbà tí ó ń bá Vogue Italia sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ìdí tí ó fi yan iṣẹ́ náà, Ogunbanwo sọ pé, “...Èmi kò yan fọ́tò, fọ́tò ló yàn mí...” == Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ == Àwọn iṣẹ́ Ogunbanwo ti jáde nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìwé ìròyìn àgbáyé títí bí Billboard (ìwé ìròyìn), Vogue, GQ, New York Times, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. Ó tún ti ní àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú òǹkọ̀wé olókìkí, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie . <ref name="ref2" /> Nínú ìwé ìròyìn kan tí ''CNN'' ṣe ní oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2019, wọ́n kọ Ogunbanwo sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn olùyaworan méje tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní Áfíríkà. Nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò kan pẹ̀lú ''BellaNaija'', Ogunbanwo tẹnu mọ́ àwọn ìṣòro iná mànàmáná gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìpèníjà tó tóbi jùlọ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùyàwòrán. Ó tún sọ pé owó gíga tí àwọn ènìyàn ń ná ní Áfíríkà ń ná ló ń dín ìmọrírì iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kù. Ó ṣàlàyé pé “iṣẹ́ ọnà jẹ́ nípa ríru ìmọ̀lára sókè fún àwọn ènìyàn láti sopọ̀ mọ́ra.” <ref name="ref3" /> Wọ́n fi kún un nínú ìwé ìròyìn British Journal of Photography, àwọn olùyàwòrán mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ - àwọn tó rí ẹ̀bùn fún ọdún 2015. <ref name="ref7">{{Cite news|title=LAKIN OGUNBANWO'S CULTURAL AESTHETICS|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/10/27/lakin-ogunbanwos-cultural-aesthetics/|access-date=2020-09-10}}</ref> Ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2016, ìwé ìròyìn Vogue (ìwé ìròyìn) ṣe àfihàn kan lórí àwọn àwòrán Ogunbanwo tí ó ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn ipa tí ó ní lórí àṣà àti àṣà lórí fìlà tí a fi ń wọ ọkùnrin Nàìjíríà. Ní oṣù kejì ọdún 2020, ó di olórin àkọ́kọ́ tí wọ́n fún ní ẹ̀bùn 1-54 Ètò ibùgbé fún àwọn òṣèré ti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ti ìgbàlódé tí Thami Mnyele Foundation ṣe onígbọ̀wọ́ fún. Ní ìgbìyànjú láti mú kí ìmọ̀ nípa onírúurú àwùjọ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà pọ̀ sí i, ''Collosal'' ṣe àfihàn Ogunbanwo nínú ìtẹ̀jáde kan níbi tí ó ti pín àwọn àwòrán lórí àwọn ìyàwó Nàìjíríà àti aṣọ wọn tí ó báramu gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀yà wọn. Èyí ni òǹkọ̀wé náà gbóríyìn fún nítorí pé ó tako èrò ìṣọ̀kan ìwọ̀-oòrùn nípa Áfíríkà. Wọ́n tún ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ lórí ''CNN'', ''Creative Boom'', Vogue (ìwé ìròyìn), <ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigerian photographer Lakin Ogunbanwo new series "e wá wo mi" featured in Vogue|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/nigerian-photographer-lakin-ogunbanwo-new-series-e-wa-wo-mi-featured-in-vogue/mek64dm|access-date=2020-09-10|archivedate=2019-04-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418212531/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/nigerian-photographer-lakin-ogunbanwo-new-series-e-wa-wo-mi-featured-in-vogue/mek64dm|deadurl=yes}}</ref> àti àwọn mìíràn. === Àwọn iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ tí a yàn === * ''Ṣé A Dára Tó'' (2012) - iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ nípa ìtumọ̀ onírúurú fìlà tí a wọ̀ ní Nàìjíríà <ref name="ref7" /> * ''E wa Wo Mi'' (Ìtumọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì: Wá kí o sì rí mi) - iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ nípa aṣọ ìgbéyàwó ti onírúurú ẹ̀yà ní Nàìjíríà <ref name="ref7" /> * Iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ tí ó ń mọrírì àwọn obìnrin Áfíríkà tí wọ́n ní ìrísí ara tí ó rọ̀ == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] q0tv17rl25qyphidevu4sid7hrmx2rj 0 84262 637150 636707 2026-09-17T07:38:56Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|website=}} '''Isaac Emokpae''' (tí a bí ní '''Isaac Iken Ismahil Ọlámínìyí Erhabor Ogieva Emokpae''' ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1977) jẹ́ ayàwòrán, ayàwòrán, àti ayàwòrán ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ni a túmọ̀ sí nípa duality àti pé a mọ̀ ọ́n fún àwọn ànímọ́ rẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ onímọ̀ nípa ìgbékalẹ̀ àti àwọn ohun tí ó jẹ́ ti surrealist. == Ìtàn ìgbésí ayé àti iṣẹ́ == Emokpae gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí BA nínú ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́-ọnà (Creative Arts) ní Yunifásítì ti Èkó (University of Lagos) ní ọdún 2005, níbi tí ó ti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lábẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n Abayomi Barber; síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ó kọ́kọ́ fi àmì rẹ̀ hàn nínú ayé iṣẹ́-ọnà ní Nàìjíríà gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùyàwòrán.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africanartswithtaj.blogspot.com.ng/2014/05/how-duality-strokes-of-emokpae-see-two.html|title=African Arts with Taj: How Duality strokes of Emokpae see two sides of nature|last=Africanartswithtaj|date=May 3, 2014|website=African Arts with Taj|access-date=February 8, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africanartswithtaj.blogspot.com.ng/2014/05/how-duality-strokes-of-emokpae-see-two.html|title=African Arts with Taj: How Duality strokes of Emokpae see two sides of nature|last=Africanartswithtaj|date=May 3, 2014|website=African Arts with Taj|access-date=February 8, 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://youthsdigest.com/2017/04/20/stop-dreaming-job-not-artist-advise-youths/|title=Stop dreaming of jobs that are not there, Artist advise youths' — Youths Digest|last=Shuaib|first=Gidado|date=April 2, 2017|work=Youths Digest|access-date=February 8, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=April 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408112035/http://youthsdigest.com/2017/04/20/stop-dreaming-job-not-artist-advise-youths/|url-status=dead|archivedate=April 8, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408112035/http://youthsdigest.com/2017/04/20/stop-dreaming-job-not-artist-advise-youths/|deadurl=yes}}</ref>Ó ṣiṣẹ́ fún ìgbà díẹ̀ ní ẹ̀ka yíyàwòrán fún àwọn nǹkan ìgbàlódé (fashion photography) àti yíyàwòrán fún iṣẹ́ ìròyìn, ó sì ṣe àṣeyọrí pàtàkì débi pé wọ́n wá máa ń pè é ní "ògbógi" tàbí ẹni tí ó ní ìrírí púpọ̀ nínú iṣẹ́ náà. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ynaija.com/on-rubbin-minds-this-week-lets-talk-photoshop/|title=Kelechi Amadi-Obi, Ade Plumptre, Body Lawson & Isaac Emokpae – Click to see line-up on Rubbin' Minds today » YNaija|date=April 2, 2012|work=YNaija|access-date=February 8, 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref>A ti lo àwọn àwòrán rẹ̀ nínú ìwé-ìròyìn Forbes <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/declaneytan/2016/05/18/nigerias-leading-doll-brand-is-coming-to-america/#57e9ce0f3a1c|title=Nigeria's Leading Doll Brand is Coming to America|last=Eytan|first=Declan|work=Forbes|access-date=February 8, 2018|language=en}}</ref>àti ní àwọn ibòmíràn. Àwọn àwòrán àti àwòrán rẹ̀ yàtọ̀ síra nítorí wọ́n darí àfiyèsí wọn sí méjìlá àti pé wọ́n jẹ́ gbòǹgbò àṣà ìfarahàn Abstract Expressionism . A ti ṣe afihan awọn iṣẹ rẹ ni Nigeria <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/c180-arts/2017-art-year-the-rundown-continues/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=2017 art year: The rundown continues|access-date=February 8, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> ati ni gbogbo agbaye. Emokpae ni ọmọ kẹta [[Erhabor Emokpae]], ayàwòrán àti oníṣẹ́ ọnà ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà tó gbajúmọ̀, tí wọ́n sì mọ̀ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn aṣáájú iṣẹ́ ọnà òde òní ní Nàìjíríà. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200503070679.html|title=Nigeria: Iken Erhabor-Emokpae – A Chip Off the Block|access-date=February 8, 2018}}</ref> Gẹ́gẹ́ bí baba rẹ̀, Emokpae “ń so ìjìnlẹ̀ ewì rẹ̀ pọ̀ mọ́ ọgbọ́n iṣẹ́ ọnà” <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/like-father-like-son-2/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Like father, like son – The Nation Nigeria|access-date=February 8, 2018}}</ref> Wọ́n sọ pé ó ní ìmísí láti inú ìmọ̀ ọgbọ́n orí Leibniz, Descartes àti Santayana. <ref name="Oyewole 2014">{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/others/emokpae-stages-first-solo-exhibition-in-grand-style/100144.html|title=Emokpae stages first solo exhibition in grand style|last=Oyewole|first1=Nurudeen|date=April 13, 2014|accessdate=February 8, 2018|archivedate=February 24, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224114416/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/others/emokpae-stages-first-solo-exhibition-in-grand-style/100144.html|journal=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> == Àwọn ìfihàn tí a yàn == Àwòrán Nàìjíríà - MOWAA (Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá ti Àwọn Ọ̀nà Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn Áfíríkà), Benin City, ìpínlẹ̀ Edo. (2025) [https://wearemowaa.org/exhibitions-events/nigeria-imaginary-homecoming Àwòrán Nàìjíríà ní MOWAA] * ''Transparent -'' Rele Art Gallery, Onikan, Lagos. (2017) <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://olorisupergal.com/2017/11/27/rele-opens-transparent-isaac-emokpae/|title=RELE OPENS TRANSPARENT BY ISAAC EMOKPAE – Olori Supergal|access-date=February 8, 2018|language=en-US|archivedate=September 25, 2021}}</ref> * ''Strip -'' Rele Art Gallery, Onikan, Lagos (2015) <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://wanawana.net/2015/06/03/review-of-strip-in-the-sunday-guardian/|title=Review Of Strip In the Sunday Guardian|access-date=February 8, 2018|language=en-US|archivedate=February 9, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209002833/http://wanawana.net/2015/06/03/review-of-strip-in-the-sunday-guardian/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> * ''Duality -'' The Wheat Baker, [[Ìkóyí|Ikoyi]], Lagos (2014) <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=February 9, 2018}}</ref> <ref name="Oyewole 2014" /> * ''Àtúnṣe ní Ìyípadà -'' [[Àwòrán Omenka|Omenka Gallery]], Ikoyi, Lagos (2010). * ''Genesisi'' (ìfihàn adashe), [[Terra Kulture]], VI, Lagos (2005) * ''Àwọn Àmì Àkókò'', Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Didi, Èkó – (2000), Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ Ṣíṣe Ọjà, Bungalow, VI, Èkó (2004) * ''Ifihan Ọlá ti Abayomi Abẹrin'' (Ifihan Ẹgbẹ) ni Oluko ti Awọn Iṣẹ ọna, Yunifasiti ti Eko, Nigeria. (2002) * ''Àwọn Ayàwòrán CCIC VI'' (Ìfihàn Ẹgbẹ́) ní Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Didi, Èkó, Nàìjíríà. (2000) * ''Pípàṣípààrọ̀ àwọn ìṣúra wa'' (Ìfihàn ẹgbẹ́) ní UNESCO, Troyes, France. (1996/97) * ''Àlàáfíà lórí ilẹ̀ ayé/Gbà ayé wa là'' (Ìfihàn Ẹgbẹ́) ní Ẹgbẹ́ Lions, [[Ilorin]], Nàìjíríà. (1990) == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn == * 2007 – Hasselblad Masters, ẹni tó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ìparí. * 1996 – Ìdíje Àwòrán Àpapọ̀ UNESCO fún Àwọn Ìṣúra Wa. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thesheet.ng/5-artists-that-are-holding-africas-art-industry-to-sway-and-should-be-looked-out-for-in-2017-photos/|title=5 Artists That Are Holding Africa's Art Industry To Sway And Should Be Looked Out For In 2017 [PHOTOS] » Thesheet.ng|date=January 2, 2017|access-date=February 8, 2018|language=en-US|archivedate=February 9, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209002808/https://thesheet.ng/5-artists-that-are-holding-africas-art-industry-to-sway-and-should-be-looked-out-for-in-2017-photos/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1977]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] 3bfgo37j6awjnoiqbp8qacwktll8xf1 0 84271 637166 636739 2026-09-17T09:52:06Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Misan Harriman <!-- use common name/article title -->|image=2022 - Opening Night PO1 3566 (52470197912) (cropped).jpg|alt=<!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->|caption=Harriman in 2022|birth_name=<!-- only use if different from name -->|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1977|12|15|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Calabar]], [[Cross River State]], Nigeria|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (DEATH date then BIRTH date) -->|death_place=|other_names=|occupation=Photographer, entrepreneur, Chair of [[Southbank Centre]]|years_active=2017–present|known_for=Photography|notable_works=|spouse=Camilla Holmstroem|children=2|website=}}'''Misan Harriman''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1977) Ó jẹ́ olùyàwòrán, oníṣòwò, àti ajìjàgbara fún ẹ̀tọ́ ọmọnìyàlà, tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà tí ó sì jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Britain. Yàtọ̀ sí pé ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn olùyàwòrán tí àwọn iṣẹ́ wọn gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ nínú ìgbésẹ̀ 'Black Lives Matter', Harriman tún jẹ́ ọkùnrin aláwọ̀ dúdú àkọ́kọ́ tí ó ya àwòrán fún ojú-ìwé iwájú ìwé-ìròyìn 'British Vogue'. Ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2021, Harriman bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Alága ìgbìmọ̀ àwọn olùtọ́jú fún Southbank Centre ní London.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2021/may/20/black-lives-matter-photographer-misan-harriman-becomes-southbank-centre-chair|title=Black Lives Matter photographer becomes Southbank Centre chair|first=Mark|last=Brown|newspaper=The Guardian|date=20 May 2021}}</ref>Ní oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2025, wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn aláwọ̀ dúdú tí ó ní ipa pàtàkì jùlọ ní orílẹ̀-èdè UK nínú àkójọ 'Powerlist' ti ọdún 2026. == Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == A bí Harriman ní [[Calabar]], Nàìjíríà, ní ọdún 1977. Ọmọ Chief Hope Harriman ni, oníṣòwò àti olóṣèlú tó jẹ́ bílíọ̀nù kan láti [[Warri]] ní [[ìpínlẹ̀ Delta]] ní Nàìjíríà. Olórí Harriman jẹ́ ẹni tó ní orúkọ oyè nínú ètò àwọn ọba Nàìjíríà, ó sì jẹ́ ọmọ ọba Akengbuwa Kìíní, Olú ti Warri ní ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún àti kọkàndínlógún. Bàbá bàbá rẹ̀ ni Arthur Leonard Harriman (1899 - 1991) láti Romford, Essex, United Kingdom. Ọmọ John Leonard Harriman àti Alice Isabelle Smith ni. Wọ́n gbé Arthur Leonard, baba Hope, láti United Kingdom lọ sí Nigeria, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ John Holt & Co. (Liverpool) Ltd, láti mú kí àǹfààní ìṣòwò àti ìfẹ̀sí ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì pọ̀ sí i ní Niger Delta, pàápàá jùlọ Warri. Harriman lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Stubbington House àti Ile-iwe giga Bradfield ní England. Lẹ́yìn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́, ó ṣiṣẹ́ ní iṣẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀ ní ìlú London . == Iṣẹ́ fọ́tò == Harriman ní ìfẹ́ sí fọ́tò láti ìgbà ọmọdé, èyí pẹ̀lú ṣíṣe ìgbéjáde ní ilé ìwé nípa lílo ìmọ́lẹ̀ Stanley Kubrick nínú ''Barry Lyndon'' (1975) ọmọ ọdún mẹ́sàn-án. Ní ọdún 2016, Harriman dá ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn lórí ayélujára sílẹ̀, What We See. Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ya fọ́tò ní ọdún 2017, ó sì ń kọ́ ara rẹ̀ lẹ́kọ̀ọ́. === Àwọn Gbajúmọ̀ === Iṣẹ́ fọ́tò Harriman ti ní nínú yíyàwòrán àwọn gbajúmọ̀, títí bí [[Rihanna]], Stormzy, Olivia Colman, Princess Beatrice, Meghan, Duchess ti Sussex, [[Cate Blanchett]], [[Chiwetel Ejiofor]] àti [[Tom Cruise]] . Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2021, Harriman ya àwòrán tí wọ́n fi kéde oyun Meghan, Duchess ti Sussex. Ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2022, Harriman ya àwòrán ọmọ ọdún kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Lilibet Mountbatten-Windsor . === Ìròyìn === Harriman ya àwọn àwòrán tó ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi "Extinction Rebellion," ìwọ́de láti tako ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àti àwọn ìwọ́de láti tako Trump ní ọdún 2019.<ref name="BJPJune202">Warner, Marigold (23 June 2020). [https://www.bjp-online.com/2020/06/misan-harriman-black-lives-matter-london/ "Misan Harriman on photographing London's BLM protests"]. ''[[The British Journal of Photography]]''.</ref> Ní ìgbà ìrúwé ọdún 2020, ó ya ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwòrán àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ń gbé lábẹ́ àṣẹ títìpa-ìlú-mọ́-ni (lockdown) nítorí àrùn COVID-19 ní ìlú rẹ̀, Woking; èyí jẹ́ ara iṣẹ́-àkànṣe kan tí ó pè ní "Lost in Isolation.". Àwọn àwòrán rẹ̀ ti àwọn ìfẹ̀hónúhàn [[Black Lives Matter]] tí a yà ní ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn ọdún 2020 fara hàn lórí BBC àti nínú ìwé ìròyìn ''Vogue'' àti ''[[The Guardian]]'', wọ́n sì fi hàn ní oṣù Keje lórí Piccadilly Lights ní Piccadilly Circus ní Àárín Gbùngbùn London. Àwòrán Harriman tó ní ìbòjú mẹ́ta fún ìwé ìròyìn ''Vogue'' ti oṣù kẹsàn-án—tí ó jẹ́ àtẹ̀jáde pàtàkì jùlọ ní ọdún yìí —ní àwọn àwòrán Adwoa Aboah, Marcus Rashford àti àwọn ajìjàgbara mẹ́jọdínlógún mìíràn tí wọ́n ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ Black Lives Matter láti gbogbo àgbáyé. Àwọn olùyàwòrán méjì, Cornelius Walker àti Ron Timehin, ló ràn án lọ́wọ́. [[File:Misan_Harriman_-_Stop_the_genocide_(2024_film).jpg|thumb| Harriman kópa nínú ẹ̀bẹ̀ lórí ìjà Gaza ní ọdún 2024]] Ní ọdún 2024, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ Harriman dá lórí àwọn ìwọ́de ní London tí wọ́n ń rọ àwọn ènìyàn láti dá ogun Gaza dúró . Ní ọdún 2025, Harriman ṣe ìfihàn pàtàkì àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Hope 93 ní Fitzrovia, London, tí ó ṣe àfihàn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ láàárín ọdún 2019 sí 2025 lórí ìgbòkègbodò kárí ayé. Wọ́n gbé ''fíìmù Shoot the People'' jáde, fíìmù ìtàn nípa ìgbésí ayé Harriman gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajìjàgbara àti olùyàwòrán, ní Watermelon Pictures ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2026. == Àwọn ìgbòkègbodò míràn == Ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2021, Harriman gba ipò alága àwọn olùtọ́jú ilé-iṣẹ́ Southbank Centre . Ní ọdún 2023, ó ṣe àkójọpọ̀ fíìmù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ''The After'', fíìmù kúkúrú kan nípa ọkùnrin kan tí ó pàdánù ìdílé rẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n fi ọ̀bẹ gún ún, tí [[David Oyelowo]] kópa nínú rẹ̀. Fíìmù náà, tí Nicky Bentham ṣe fún [[Netflix]], ni wọ́n yàn fún Fíìmù Kúkúrú Tí Ó Dáa Jùlọ Nínú Fíìmù Àkọ́kọ́ Tí Ó Dáa Jùlọ ní Àmì Ẹ̀yẹ Academy Awards ti ọdún 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://von.gov.ng/short-film-the-after-gets-nominated-for-2024-oscar-awards/|title=Short film 'The After' gets nominated for 2024 Oscar Awards|author=Stephanie Simon|date=24 January 2024|access-date=15 September 2026|archivedate=25 January 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125214708/https://von.gov.ng/short-film-the-after-gets-nominated-for-2024-oscar-awards/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tí a fi ẹ̀sùn kan lòdì sí àwọn Júù == Lẹ́yìn ìkọlù ọ̀bẹ tí wọ́n fi ọ̀bẹ ṣe ní Golders Green ní oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2026, Harriman ṣe àríwísí àwọn oníròyìn fún bí wọ́n ṣe ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ẹni tí wọ́n kọ́kọ́ pa, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ Mùsùlùmí, ju bí wọ́n ṣe ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa àwọn méjì tí wọ́n kú lẹ́yìn náà, tí wọ́n wọ aṣọ àwọn Júù Orthodox. Lẹ́yìn ìdìbò agbègbè UK ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2026, níbi tí Reform UK ti ṣe dáadáa, Harriman fa ọ̀rọ̀ Susan Sontag yọ nípa Ìpakúpa Rẹpẹtẹ : "10% àwọn ènìyàn ní gbogbo àwùjọ jẹ́ oníkà láìka ohun tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ sí, àti 10% jẹ́ aláàánú láìka ohun tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ sí, àti èkejì - èyí ṣe pàtàkì - àwọn 80% yòókù tí ó kù lè yí padà sí ìhà méjèèjì. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀nà jíjinlẹ̀ láti wo wa. Ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú àbájáde ìdìbò àná, ó jẹ́ ohun tí mo rò pé ó jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ pàtàkì."  Ní oṣù kẹfà, Harriman sọ̀rọ̀ lórí àwọn ìwọ́de ńlá ní Albania lòdì sí ètò ìsinmi Sazan Island Resort tí Jared Kushner àti Ivanka Trump ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún. Nínú ìfìwéránṣẹ́ kan lórí ìkànnì àwùjọ, Harriman pín ìjápọ̀ sí ìfìwéránṣẹ́ kan tí ó sọ pé Kushner àti Ivanka Trump “ń ta etíkun Albania fún àwọn olówó-ọrọ̀ Júù àti iṣẹ́ ológun Ísírẹ́lì.” <ref>{{Cite news|title=Southbank chief in fresh row over ‘anti-Semitic’ conspiracy theory|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2026/06/08/southbank-chief-anti-semitic-conspiracy-theory/|access-date=10 August 2026}}</ref> Ìpolongo lòdì sí àwọn Júù sọ pé díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ Harriman jẹ́ ohun tó ń fa ìbínú. Lẹ́yìn ẹ̀sùn láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn aṣòfin àti ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ tó ju 64 lọ, Lisa Nandy sọ pé Ìgbìmọ̀ Àjọ Àánú, Ìgbìmọ̀ Arts Council England, àti Southbank Centre ń ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ọ̀ràn náà, pẹ̀lú Ìgbìmọ̀ Arts Council ní agbára láti dá owó ìnáwó gbogbogbò dúró tàbí láti yọ kúrò tí a bá rí i pé wọ́n ti rú òfin ìrànlọ́wọ́ náà. <ref name="Telegraph-SC" /> Nígbà tí Lanre Bakare ń kọ̀wé sí ''[[The Guardian|ìwé ìròyìn The Guardian]]'', ó sọ pé apá kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìjọba ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì bínú sí bí àwọn ènìyàn ṣe gba èrò Harriman dáadáa àti pé Harriman ti gba ìròyìn búburú nínú ìwé ìròyìn ''The Daily Telegraph'', ''The Times'', ''The Daily Mail'', ''The Daily Express'' àti GB News . Ìwé ẹ̀bẹ̀ tí Mark Ruffalo, [[Susan Sarandon]], Gary Lineker, Greta Thunberg, Tracey Emin, Benjamin Moser àti àwọn mìíràn fọwọ́ sí sọ pé Harriman ni wọ́n fi ẹ̀sùn èké kàn. Ẹ̀rí àtìlẹ́yìn lórí ayélujára kan tó yàtọ̀ sí ti Harriman gba ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ tó lé ní ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún (100,000). <ref name="guardian070726" /> Ní Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2026, Harriman kéde pé òun yóò fi ipò aláàga àwọn olùtọ́jú ilé-iṣẹ́ Southbank sílẹ̀ ní ìgbà ìwọ́-oòrùn ọdún 2026. Òun àti Southbank Centre sọ pé ìpinnu náà wáyé ní oṣù January, kò sì ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àríyànjiyàn tó wáyé nípa àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ rẹ̀ àti ìgbòkègbodò rẹ̀ lórí ìkànnì ayélujára. <ref name="Telegraph-SC">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2026/06/24/southbank-chairman-misan-harriman-quitting-accusations/|title=Southbank chief in anti-Semitism row to stand down a year early|journal=The Telegraph|first1=Janet|last=Eastham|first2=Craig|last2=Simpson|date=24 June 2026|accessdate=7 July 2026|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20260707180750/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2026/06/24/southbank-chairman-misan-harriman-quitting-accusations/|archivedate=7 July 2026|deadurl=no}}</ref> <ref name="JPost-SC">{{Cite news|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/article-900547|title=Chair of Britain's largest arts center to step down amid antisemitism scrutiny|journal=The Jerusalem Post|first1=Kelly|last=Hartog|date=25 June 2026|accessdate=7 July 2026}}</ref> Harriman ti fẹ́ Camilla Holmstroem. Wọ́n ní ọmọbìnrin méjì. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1977]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] jsomw30911dkq2rmqu6lf3ix91kjfo7 0 84272 637121 636741 2026-09-17T03:00:37Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=August Udoh|image=|citizenship=[[Nigeria]]|death_date=|birth_date=|birth_place=|death_place=|occupation=Photographer|years active=}}   '''August Udoh''' jẹ́ olùyàwòrán ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ fún àwọn àwòrán rẹ̀ ti àwọn akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ agbá-ìjà-ẹlẹ́ṣẹ̀ (Dambe) ní Nàìjíríà.<ref name="autogenerated12">{{Cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/08/africa/august-udoh-dambe-nigeria/index.html|title=Forgotten Nigerian martial art is growing online|first=Nosmot|last=Gbadamosi|publisher=CNN|access-date=9 October 2018}}</ref> Ó ti ya àwòrán ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn gbajúmọ̀ ènìyàn, títí kan M.I Abaga, eLDee, Eva Alordiah, Burna Boy, YCee,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://farabaleweekly.com/2016/12/01/feel-the-monochrome-mode-10-photos-by-portraitist-august-udoh/|title=Feel The Monochrome Mode: 10 Photos By Portraitist August Udoh|last=Caine|first=Banke|date=9 October 2018|website=Farabale Weekly|access-date=15 September 2026|archive-date=9 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009150800/http://farabaleweekly.com/2016/12/01/feel-the-monochrome-mode-10-photos-by-portraitist-august-udoh/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>Iceprince àti àwọn mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://resourcemagonline.com/2013/06/august-udoh-chairman-of-photography-in-nigeria-shares-his-insight-of-the-field/27793/|title=August Udoh, Chairman of Photography in Nigeria, Shares his Insight of the Field|website=resourcemagonline.com|access-date=9 October 2018}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=This Photo Series By August Udoh Explores The Beauty of Alpha Beach {{!}} Ndani Lifestyle|url=http://ndanilifestyle.com/this-photo-series-by-august-udoh-explores-the-beauty-of-alpha-beach/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322101800/http://ndanilifestyle.com/this-photo-series-by-august-udoh-explores-the-beauty-of-alpha-beach/|archive-date=2017-03-22|access-date=9 October 2018|website=ndanilifestyle.com}}</ref>Ní ọdún 2017, ó ṣe àkójọpọ̀ àwọn àwòrán nípa àwọn eléré-ìdárayá tí wọ́n ní àbùkù ara, èyí tí ó ṣe láti mú kí àwọn ènìyàn mọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpèníjà tí wọ́n ń kojú.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Jacon|date=7 July 2017|title=August Udoh Beautifully Captures The Strength of Athletes With Disabilities|url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/lifestyle/photographer-captures-athletes-with-disabilities-in-these-striking-shots/|archivedate=2017-07-10}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2018, ó ṣe àwòrán eré "Dambe" tí ó ṣe àfihàn ẹgbẹ́ ìjà ogun lábẹ́ ilẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní Dambe. Ó ṣẹ̀dá àwọn àwòrán náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀nà láti “tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ sí irú àwọn ìyàtọ̀ agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.” <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/08/africa/august-udoh-dambe-nigeria/index.html|title=Forgotten Nigerian martial art is growing online|first=Nosmot|last=Gbadamosi|publisher=CNN|access-date=9 October 2018}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] jjce1h4cy514l9ayehxql4nnxp3nwux 0 84277 637131 636758 2026-09-17T05:33:22Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox artwork|title=Ikorodu Oga Statue|image=IKORODU OGA.jpg|caption=Ikorodu Oga at the center of [[Ikorodu]] garage roundabout in [[Lagos]]|pushpin_map=Nigeria|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|artist=Samuel Omobowale Oduyebo|year={{start date|1991}}|medium=[[Concrete]]<br>[[Bronze]]|subject=Ogaremade|height_metric=|condition=Erect|city=[[Ikorodu]], [[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]|coordinates={{coord|6|36|N|3|30|E|region:NG|display=inline}}|owner=[[Lagos State Government]]}}   '''Ikorodu Oga'''Èyí jẹ́ ère tí a fi kọnkiri àti idẹ ṣe, tí ó sì wà ní ojú-ọ̀nà yípo ibi ìdúró ọkọ̀ ní Ikorodu, Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó, Nàìjíríà. Ó ṣàpèjúwe ọdẹ kan tí ó dúró ṣinṣin lórí erin kan—tí gíga rẹ̀ ju ẹsẹ̀-bàtà mẹ́ẹ̀dógún (15 ft) lọ—tí ó sì di ìbọn ìbílẹ̀ mú ní ọwọ́ ọ̀tún rẹ̀, tí àpò ọdẹ sì wà ní èjìká òsì rẹ̀, pẹ̀lú fìlà lórí orí rẹ̀. A lè tọpa ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ̀ padà sí ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún; wọ́n sì ṣí ère náà síta ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù Kejì, ọdún 1991.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Historical Facts|url=https://www.ikoroduoga.net/history/historical-facts#:~:text=OGA%20Statue,%20(the%20royal%20prince,at%20the%20age%20of%2077|access-date=2024-12-05|website=www.ikoroduoga.net}}</ref>Olóògbé Samuel Omobowale Oduyebo ló ṣe àpẹẹrẹ ère náà. Ère náà dúró fún ìgboyà àti ipa aṣáájú Ogaremade, ẹni tí wọ́n gbàgbọ́ pé ó dá Ikorodu sílẹ̀; ọmọ-ọba kan láti Sagamu àti ẹni pàtàkì nínú ìdásílẹ̀ Ikorodu ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún. == Ìtàn == {{Main|Ikorodu}}Ikorodu wá láti ẹ̀yà Remo ti [[Ìran Yorùbá|ẹ̀yà Yorùbá]], tí àwọn ọdẹ àti àgbẹ̀ tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọdẹ àti àgbẹ̀ láti Sagamu kọ́kọ́ dá sílẹ̀. Wọ́n pe ìlú wọn ní "Ikorodu" orúkọ tí a rí láti inú "Oko-Odu," tí ó túmọ̀ sí "ogbin Odu," nítorí pé àwọn agbègbè náà ní "Odu" (irú ewébẹ̀ tí a ń lò fún fífi àwọ̀ kun aṣọ). Bí àkókò ti ń lọ, orúkọ náà yípadà láti "Okorodu" sí "Ikorodu". Ibùdó náà gbilẹ̀ lábẹ́ ìdarí Oga Lasunwon, ọmọ-aládé kan láti ìran [[Akarigbo of Remo|Akarigbo]] . Oga ṣe aṣaaju awọn atipo ninu awọn iṣẹ ọdẹ ati iṣẹ-ogbin, o si fi ipilẹ silẹ fun ohun ti o di agbegbe ti o n dagba. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Boge|first=Faruq Idowu|title=An Administrative History of Ikorodu, 1894 - 1960|url=http://www.ajol.info/index.php/lhr/article/view/130201}}</ref> Nígbà tí ó fi di ọdún 1630, ìpín kan lára àwọn aṣíwájú orílẹ̀-èdè Benin dé, wọ́n sì dara pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ọmọ Akarigbo ní àlàáfíà. Nígbà tí ó fi di àárín ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, Ikorodu ti di agbègbè pàtàkì kan, pẹ̀lú ìgbékalẹ̀ Obaship ( [[Àdájọba|ọba]] ) tí a fipamọ́ fún àwọn ọmọ Akarigbo àti Olisaship (ọba-ìjọba) tí a fi lé àwọn olùgbé [[Benin]] lọ́wọ́. == Àròsọ == Ogaremade, ọdẹ àti ọmọ-aládé jagunjagun, ni a fi ìyìn fún pé ó dá Ikorodu sílẹ̀. Agbára rẹ̀ hàn gbangba nígbà tí ó pa [[Erin|erin eléwu]] kan tí ó ti halẹ̀ mọ́ ààbò àwọn olùgbé ìṣáájú. Ìṣe ìgboyà yìí mú kí ìdarí àti ipa rẹ̀ lágbára sí i nínú dídá ètò ìṣèlú tó wà ní àárín gbùngbùn fún àwùjọ. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Adeyemi-Suenu|first=Adebowale|title=Trade, Violence and Diplomacy on the Coast of Ikorodu: The Resistance of Balogun Mabadeje Jaiyesimi|url=free}}</ref> Ó ṣe pàtàkì nínú dídáàbòbò agbègbè náà kúrò lọ́wọ́ àwọn ewu láti òde, nípa lílo ìmọ̀ rẹ̀ nípa ogun láti mú agbára ìṣèlú pọ̀ sí i. Ogún Oga ti di ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìtàn Ikorodu, àwọn ènìyàn Ikorodu sì ń fi ìgbéraga pe ara wọn ní "Omo Ikorodu Oga" (Àwọn ọmọ Ikorodu Oga). <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Suenu|first=Adebowale Adeyemi-|title=Ikorodu-Igbogbo Military Relations in the 19th Century|url=https://ijhumas.com/ojs/index.php/niuhums/article/view/1371}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Àwọn Àṣà Àṣà == === Ayẹyẹ Ikorodu Oga === Ere Ikorodu Oga ni ipa pataki ninu Ayẹyẹ Ọjọ́ Ikorodu-Oga lododun, ayẹyẹ ọsẹ kan ti o n ṣe afihan awọn iṣẹ oriṣiriṣi, pẹlu awọn ifihan, orin ibile, awọn ere ijó, ati awọn ifihan asa. Ayẹyẹ naa tun ni ifihan kan ti a mọ si Woro, nibiti awọn olukopa ti n ṣe afihan aṣọ ibile ati awọn ibora nigba ti wọn n bọwọ fun awọn ọba agbegbe naa. === Àwọn Ìgbésẹ̀ Àṣà === Ìrìn Woro jẹ́ apá pàtàkì nínú àwọn ayẹyẹ náà, tí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ìbílẹ̀, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú, àti àwọn ará ìlú ń rìn kiri ní Ikorodu láti ṣe ayẹyẹ ogún wọn. Ayẹyẹ yii pẹlu awọn iṣe lati ọdọ awọn eniyan ti o ṣe afihan ara wọn ati awọn ẹgbẹ aṣa, ti o mu ẹmi agbegbe ati ikopa pọ si. === Àṣà àti Ìbọ̀wọ̀ === Ibi tí wọ́n gbé ère náà sí tún ṣe pàtàkì nínú ìṣàkóso àti àṣà ìbílẹ̀. Nígbà tí wọ́n bá ń gbé ọba tuntun kalẹ̀, ọba tí wọ́n yàn yóò ṣe ìpalẹ̀mọ́ ayẹyẹ ní ibi yìí. Àwọn ìṣe wọ̀nyí fi hàn pé ère náà ṣe pàtàkì tó wà nílẹ̀ fún ìṣàkóso àti àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Ikorodu. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Telegraph|first=New|title=Pomp, festivity as 30th Ikorodu-Oga Day ends|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/pomp-festivity-as-30th-ikorodu-oga-day-ends/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2024-12-05}}</ref> == Wo tun == * [[Akarigbo of Remo|Akarigbo ti Remo]] * [[Ìkòròdú|Ikorodu]] == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> iw4its2yjdnfev23gq3udx7h8bp6q4y 0 84291 637119 636775 2026-09-17T02:45:16Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Anthony Akhakon Anenih|image=|caption=|office1=Minister of Works and Housing|term_start1=1999|term_end1=2003|predecessor1=|successor1=[[Isaiah Balat]]|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1933|8|04}}|birth_place=[[Uzenema-Arue]], [[Uromi]], [[Nigeria]]|spouse=[[Josephine Anenih]]|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|2018|10|28|1933|8|04}}|death_place=|party=}} '''Anthony Akhakon Anenih''' (ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 1933 – ọjọ́ kéjídínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2018) jẹ́ olóṣèlú ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, ẹni tí ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Minisítà fún Iṣẹ́ àti Ilé láàárín ọdún 1999 sí 2003. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Bello|first=Elijah|date=2018-11-04|title=From policeman to political juggernaut: The story of Anthony Anenih|url=https://businessday.ng/politics/article/policeman-political-juggernaut-story-tony-anenih/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == A bí Anenih ní Uzenema-Arue, [[Uromi]], ní ọdún 1933. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ ọlọ́pàá Nàìjíríà ní ìlú Benin. Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ láti ilé, ó sì gba ìwé ẹ̀rí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama. Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ọlọ́pàá ní Ikeja, wọ́n sì yàn án fún ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ síwájú síi ní Bramshill Police College, Basingstoke, [[Ilẹ̀gẹ̀ẹ́sì|England]] ní ọdún 1966 àti ní Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Awọn ọlọpaa Kariaye, [[Washington, D.C.|Washington DC]] ní ọdún 1970. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-10-29|title=OBITUARY: Tony Anenih: Nigeria's 'Mr Fix It'|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/features-and-interviews/293131-obituary-tony-anenih-nigerias-mr-fix-it.html|access-date=2022-03-17}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn náà, ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọlọ́pàá fún Gómìnà-Gbogbogbò àkọ́kọ́ ti Nàìjíríà, [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] . Ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ ní onírúurú kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì ọlọ́pàá, ní ọdún 1975, wọ́n yàn án sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Àwọn Olùṣàkóso (ASCON), ní Èkó. Ó fẹ̀yìntì ní ẹgbẹ́ ọlọ́pàá Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ipò kọ́mísónà ọlọ́pàá. <ref name="edow">{{Cite news|url=http://www.leadershipnigeria.com/index.php/columns/views/perspective/4411-anenih-driving-nigeria-from-uromi|title=Anenih: Driving Nigeria From Uromi|last=Tony Ikpasaja|date=4 August 2009|access-date=2009-11-27|archivedate=2011-07-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713193104/http://www.leadershipnigeria.com/index.php/columns/views/perspective/4411-anenih-driving-nigeria-from-uromi|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ ìṣèlú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == Anenih ni alaga ipinlẹ fun Ẹgbẹ́ Osẹ́gun Orilẹ-ede Naijiria (NPN) laarin ọdun 1981 si 1983, lakoko ti o ṣe atilẹyin fun idibo [[Samuel Ogbemudia]] gẹgẹbi gomina alagbada ti [[Agbègbè Àrin-Apáìwọ̀òrùn Nàìjíríà|Ipinle Bendel]] . Sibẹsibẹ, ijọba naa kuru nitori gbigba agbara ologun ni Oṣu kejila ọdun 1983. Ó jẹ́ Alága Orílẹ̀-èdè ti Ẹgbẹ́ Aláṣẹ Àwùjọ láti ọdún 1992 sí 1993, níbi tí ó ti ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún yíyàn [[M. K. O. Abíọ́lá|Moshood Abiola]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ààrẹ. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ìpàdé òfin ní ọdún 1994. <ref name="edow" /> Anenih jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Peoples Democratic Movement (PDM), United Nigeria Congress Party (UNCP) àti [[People's Democratic Party|Peoples Democratic Party]] (PDP). Wọ́n sọ pé Anenih ló ṣe àkóso ìkéde Ààrẹ Obasanjo ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2002 ní International Conference Center ní Abuja. Ó jẹ́ igbákejì olùdarí orílẹ̀-èdè fún ẹgbẹ́ ìpolongo [[Olúṣẹ́gun Ọbásanjọ́|Olusegun Obasanjo]] ní ìdìbò ọdún 1999 àti 2003. <ref name="edow" /> == Minisita fun Ise ati Ile == Wọ́n yan Anenih gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Iṣẹ́ àti Ilé ní ọdún 1999. Lẹ́yìn náà ló di Alága Ìgbìmọ̀ Àwọn Olùtọ́jú ti PDP. <ref name="edow" /> == Àwọn àríyànjiyàn == Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2009, ìgbìmọ̀ ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin kan gbé ìròyìn kan jáde lórí ìwádìí wọn lórí lílo owó tó ju ₦300 billion lọ ní ẹ̀ka ìrìnnà nígbà ìjọba Obasanjo. Igbimọ naa damọran pe ki a fi ẹsun kan awọn minisita atijọ mẹtala, pẹlu Anenih, pe oun ti fun ni awọn adehun laisi ipese isuna. Ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2009, ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin dáwọ́ dúró lórí àyẹ̀wò ìròyìn náà láìlópin. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/11/05/senate-suspends-n300bn-contract-report/comment-page-1/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Senate suspends N300bn contract report}}</ref> Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2009, Ilé ìfowópamọ́ Àárín Gbùngbùn Nàìjíríà gbé àkójọ àwọn oníbàárà tí wọ́n ní gbèsè ńlá sí àwọn ilé ìfowópamọ́ márùn-ún tí wọ́n ti ṣe àyẹ̀wò wọn jáde. Ó ròyìn pé, nípasẹ̀ Mettle Energy and Gas limited, Anenih àti Osahon Asemota jẹ gbèsè ₦2.06 billion. Anenih sẹ́ pé òun kò ní àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Mettle Energy and Gas Limited, ó sì sọ pé òun ti kọ̀wé sí alága àjọ Ìgbìmọ̀ tó ń rí sí Àwọn Ọ̀daràn nípa Ọrọ̀-ajé àti Ètò Owó (EFCC), Farida Waziri, láti rọ̀ wọ́n láti ṣe ìwádìí lórí ọ̀rọ̀ náà. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/22093/1/Anger-shock-over-list-of-troubled-banks-debtors/Page1.html|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Anger, shock over list of troubled banks' debtors|date=2009-10-16|access-date=2009-11-27|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni == Anenih fẹ́ [[Josephine Anenih]], agbẹjọ́rò kan, tó sì ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí alága fún Federation of Women Lawyers láti ọdún 1994 sí 2000. Wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mínísítà fún Àjọ Àwọn Obìnrin ní ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2010, nígbà tí Ààrẹ [[Goodluck Jonathan]] kéde àwọn ìgbìmọ̀ rẹ̀. == Ikú == Anenih kú ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2018 nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún márùndínlọ́gọ́rin, wọ́n sì sin ín sí ìlú ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní Uromi. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn olókìkí ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà ló wá síbi ìsìnkú rẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Dogara mourns Tony Anenih|url=https://guardian.ng/news/dogara-mourns-tony-anenih/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=24 January 2019}}</ref> Títí di ìgbà tí ó fi kú, òun ni ''Iyasele'' ti Esanland. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1933]] m1sogf8hak1s0g52xygfq0o54ecgvrk 0 84295 637110 636779 2026-09-17T01:01:31Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Adaeze Atuegwu|image=Adaeze Atuegwu.jpg|birth_date={{birth date and age|mf=yes|June 5, 1977}}|birth_place=Enugu, Nigeria|citizenship=American|education=Rutgers University Johns Hopkins University University of Florida|occupation=Author, pharmacist|years_active=1994–present|website=adaezea.com}} '''Adaeze Ifeoma Atuegwu''' // ⓘ (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 1977) jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé àti òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà-Amẹ́ríkà <ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|title=Revisiting Adaeze Atuegwu: 17 Books at 17|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/life/revisiting-adaeze-atuegwu-17-books-at-17/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-11-23|archivedate=2022-11-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124012302/https://editor.guardian.ng/life/revisiting-adaeze-atuegwu-17-books-at-17/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> tí àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní àwọn ìwé ìtàn, <ref name="auto">{{Cite news|title=Adaeze Atuegwu: Paving the Way for Other Young Authors|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/07/16/adaeze-atuegwu-paving-the-way-for-other-young-authors/|access-date=2022-11-24}}</ref> ìtàn àwọn ọmọdé, <ref name="auto9">{{Cite news|title=Young Writers Should Be Encouraged – Adaeze Atuegwu|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/young-writers-should-be-encouraged-nigerian-author-adaeze-atuegwu/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-11-23}}</ref> ìtàn àròsọ ìṣègùn, <ref name="auto4">{{Cite news|title=Atuegwu: Enabling blind children through Braille and audio books|url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/atuegwu-enabling-blind-children-through-braille-and-audio-books/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-11-23}}</ref> àti eré orí ìtàgé. Wọ́n kà á sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn òǹkọ̀wé tó kéré jùlọ ní Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ìwé mẹ́tàdínlógún tí wọ́n tẹ̀ jáde nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún. <ref name="auto6">{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's youngest most prolific author: Adaeze Atuegwu|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/07/nigerias-youngest-most-prolific-author-adaeze-atuegwu/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-11-23}}</ref> <ref name="auto10">{{Cite news|title=Adaeze Atuegwu: Nigeria's Youngest Bestselling Author of 17 Books at 17 Years Old|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/adaeze-atuegwu-nigerians-youngest-bestselling-author-of-17-books-at-17-years-old/|access-date=2022-11-23}}</ref> <ref name="auto11">{{Cite news|title=17 Books At 17 Years Yet Adaeze Atuegwu Never Planned To Be A Writer|url=https://dailytrust.com/17-books-at-17-years-yet-adaeze-atuegwu-never-planned-to-be-a-writer/|access-date=2022-11-23}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Young African Female Authors That Made History – Atuegwu, Oyeyemi, and Nkamankeng|url=https://leadership.ng/young-african-female-authors-that-made-history-atuegwu-oyeyemi-and-nkamankeng/|access-date=2022-11-23}}</ref> <ref name="auto3">{{Cite news|title=Adaeze Atuegwu: Paving the Way for Other Young Authors|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/07/16/adaeze-atuegwu-paving-the-way-for-other-young-authors/|access-date=2022-11-23}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé àti ìdílé == A bi Atuegwu ni ilu [[Ẹnúgu|Enugu]] <ref name="auto2" /> ni [[Nàìjíríà|Nigeria]] si oogun <ref>{{Cite news|date=August 1, 2022|title=17 Books At 17 Years Yet Adaeze Atuegwu Never Planned To Be A Writer|url=https://dailytrust.com/17-books-at-17-years-yet-adaeze-atuegwu-never-planned-to-be-a-writer/|accessdate=2022-11-24|work=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> ati oninurere <ref>{{Cite news|title=Philanthropist bequeaths Nnewi Anglican Community with modern Church building|date=January 14, 2020|url=https://authorityngr.com/2020/01/14/philanthropist-bequeaths-nnewi-anglican-community-with-modern-church-building/|location=Abuja, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-11-23|work=[[The Authority (newspaper)|The Authority]]}}</ref> Prince Chris Atuegwu ti idile ọba Nnofo ni [[Nnewi]] <ref name="auto2" /> <ref>{{Cite news|date=November 18, 2022|title=Atuegwu: Enabling blind children through Braille and audio books|url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/atuegwu-enabling-blind-children-through-braille-and-audio-books/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-11-24|work=[[New Telegraph]]}}</ref> ati Lady Ifeoma Atuegwu, onina oogun <ref name="auto11" /> <ref name="auto3" /> oninurere oninurere, <ref>{{Cite news|date=May 18, 2017|title=Physically challenged youths receive N13.5m interest-free loan in Enugu|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/05/physically-challenged-youths-receive-n13-5m-interest-free-loan-enugu/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-11-24|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> oludasile Bina Foundation, <ref>{{Cite news|date=January 18, 2022|title=PCN excited by BINA Foundation's contributions to blind powerlifting|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/pcn-excited-by-bina-foundations-contributions-to-blind-powerlifting/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-11-23|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Lady Ifeoma Atuegwu Bags Margarette Golding Award|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2017/04/07/lady-ifeoma-atuegwu-bags-margarette-golding-award/|accessdate=2022-11-23|work=[[This Day]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=April 6, 2017|title=Pomp as Inner Wheel Club honours Atuegwu|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/pomp-as-inner-wheel-club-honours-atuegwu/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-11-23|work=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]}}</ref> Margarette Golding ti International Inner Wheel ni ọdun 2017, lati [[Nnewi]], [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Anambra|Ipinle Anambra]], Nigeria. Atuegwu dàgbà ní [[Ẹnúgu|Enugu]] . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Oboh|date=July 8, 2022|title=Nigeria's youngest most prolific author: Adaeze Atuegwu|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/07/nigerias-youngest-most-prolific-author-adaeze-atuegwu/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-11-24|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Atuegwu wrote her first novel, Fate at 17 years old<ref name="auto10" /> in 1994<ref name="auto" /> while awaiting her [[Eto eko ni orile-ede Naijiria|Senior Secondary School]] [[West African Examinations Council]] Certificate Examinations (WAEC) results.<ref name="auto10" /> == Ẹ̀kọ́ == Atuegwu parí ẹ̀kọ́ ilé-ìwé alàkọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ àti ti girama rẹ̀ ní àwọn ilé-ìwé alàkọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ àti girama ti Yunifásítì ní Enugu.<ref name="auto6" /> níbi tí ó ti gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àmì-ẹ̀yẹ fún iṣẹ́ ẹ̀kọ́ àti àwọn ohun mìíràn. <ref name="auto10" /> Nígbà tí ó wà ní ilé-ìwé girama, ó jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé àti olóòtú fún 'Honour', ìwé-ìròyìn ilé-ìwé rẹ̀.<ref name="auto3" /> Atuegwu kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ilé ìtajà oògùn ní [[Yunifásítì ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà|Yunifásítì ti Nsukka]] (UNN) <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=777xAAAAMAAJ&q=adaeze+atuegwu|title=Enugu State FSP Magazine: A Quarterly Publication of Family Support Programme, Enugu State}}</ref> fún ìgbà kan. Ní ọdún 1996, ó kó lọ sí orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà, lẹ́yìn náà ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ilé ìtajà oògùn ní Yunifásítì Rutgers . Ó gba oyè Bachelor of Pharmacy àti oyè doctorate nínú ilé ìtajà oògùn ( PharmD ) ní ọdún 2002. <ref name="auto11" /> Nígbà tí ó wà ní Yunifásítì Rutgers, ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òǹkọ̀wé olùrànlọ́wọ́ àti olóòtú àdàkọ fún ìwé ọdún ilé ìtajà oògùn rẹ̀, ''Pharmascript'' . Ní ọdún 2008, Atuegwu parí ìwé-ẹ̀rí master nínú ìkọ̀wé oníṣẹ̀dá ní Yunifásítì Johns Hopkins . <ref name="auto11" /> Ní ọdún 2014, ó gba oyè master nínú ìṣàkóso ìtọ́jú oògùn láti Yunifásítì ti Florida . <ref name="auto3" /> <ref name="auto11" /> Atuegwu ní ìwé ẹ̀rí láti ọ̀dọ̀ American Medical Writers Association (AMWA). <ref name="auto2" /> == Iṣẹ́ kíkọ == Ní ọdún 1994, Ilé-iṣẹ́ Fourth Dimension Publishing Company [ <ref>{{Cite book|title=International Books in Print|publisher=K.G. Saur|isbn=978-3-598-22133-0}}</ref> Nwankwo dá sílẹ̀, ó sì tẹ̀ ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ Atuegwu jáde, ''Fate'', ìtàn nípa ìbáṣepọ̀ ìfẹ́ tí ó ti bàjẹ́ <ref name="auto10" /> nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún. <ref name="auto9" /> Ìwé ìtàn kejì rẹ̀, ''Tears'', ni a tẹ̀ jáde láìpẹ́ lẹ́yìn náà <ref name="auto11" /> láti ọwọ́ B-Teks Publishing. <ref name="auto6" /> Àwọn ìwé mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún tó tẹ̀lé e ni Atuegwu tẹ̀ jáde láàrín oṣù mẹ́jọ <ref>{{Cite news|title=Young writers should be encouraged – Nigerian Author Adaeze Atuegwu|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> <ref name="auto7" /> <ref name="auto3" /> tó mú kí ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn òǹkọ̀wé tó kéré jùlọ ní Nàìjíríà. <ref name="auto9" /> <ref name="auto2" /> Ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwé àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀, ''The Magic Leaf'', tí wọ́n tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 1994, jẹ́ ìtàn àdánidá <ref>{{Cite news|title=Classic Folktales and Fantasy Books Set In Nigeria|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> tí wọ́n gbé kalẹ̀ ní Gúúsù ìlà-oòrùn Nàìjíríà . ''Wọ́n'' tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní <ref name="auto10" /> . Àwọn ìwé mìíràn tó kọ ni '<nowiki/>''Adventures of Nnanna''' (1995), ''Chalet 9'' (1995), ''Bina and the Birthday Cake'' (1995), ''Bina and the Sailboat'' (1995), ''Bina at the Beach'' (1995), ''Bina at the Supermarket'' (1995), ''Bina at the Airport'' (1995), ''Lizzy's First Year at School'' (1995), ''Lizzy's'' ''Kejì Year at School'' (1995), àti ''Lizzy's Kẹta Year at School'' (1995). <ref name="auto" /> Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù keje, ọdún 1995, wọ́n ṣe ìpàdé fún Atuegwu ní Enugu Press Centre. Níbi ayẹyẹ yìí, obìnrin àtijọ́ ti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Enugu]], Arábìnrin Olusola Torey, <ref name="auto3" /> ìyàwó Colonel [[Mike Torey]], ṣàpèjúwe Atuegwu gẹ́gẹ́ bí "ọlọ́gbọ́n ọmọdé" àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn oníròyìn ṣe sọ, "ọ̀kan lára àwọn òǹkọ̀wé tó kéré jùlọ pẹ̀lú ẹ̀bùn ìkọ̀wé onígboyà àti ọmọdé onímọ̀ nípa ìwé." Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1996, <ref name="auto3" /> Àwọn ìwé mẹ́tàdínlógún tí Atuegwu kọ ni wọ́n para pọ̀ ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní ìlú Enugu ní Nàìjíríà lábẹ́ àkọlé náà “ìwé mẹ́tàdínlógún ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún”. <ref name="auto10" /> <ref name="auto5">{{Cite news|date=August 2, 2022|title=Adaeze Atuegwu: A legendary contribution to children's books in Nigeria|url=https://www.thecable.ng/adaeze-atuegwu-a-legendary-contribution-to-childrens-books-in-nigeria|accessdate=2022-11-23|work=[[TheCable]]}}</ref> Níbi ayẹyẹ yìí, General Sam Momah, mínísítà sáyẹ́ǹsì àti ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà, ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí "ọlọ́gbọ́n ìwé àti ẹ̀bùn fún Nàìjíríà." <ref name="auto2" /> A lo àwọn ìwé Atuegwu ní Nàìjíríà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé-ẹ̀kọ́ tí a nílò àti ohun-èlò fún kíkà ní àwọn ilé-ìwé alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀, ti girama, àti ti gíga, pẹ̀lú fún àwọn ìdánwò abala kékeré ti West African Examinations Council (WAEC) àti àwọn ìdánwò ilé-ìwé girama mìíràn.<ref name="auto5" /> A kà Atuegwu sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn tó ṣáájú àkókò tuntun ti àwọn òǹkọ̀wé ọ̀dọ́mọdé Nàìjíríà òde òní. A tun kà á sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn tó ṣáájú àwọn òǹkọ̀wé ìran kẹta ti Nàìjíríà . <ref name="auto2" /> Àwọn ìwé Atuegwu wà nílẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé ohùn àti [[Abidi Braille|ìwé braille]] . <ref name="auto1">{{Cite news|date=October 22, 2022|title=Atuegwu: Touching lives of blind children with books|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/atuegwu-touching-lives-of-blind-children-with-books/|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> Ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ PEN America ni . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=November 24, 2022}}</ref> == Ifẹ́ àti ìfẹ́ni-ọkàn == Atuegwu jẹ́ olùgbèjà fún àwọn aláàbọ̀ ara pẹ̀lú àwọn afọ́jú àti àwọn tí ojú wọn ti bàjẹ́ nípasẹ̀ ìkópa rẹ̀ nínú Bina Foundation for People with Special Needs, àjọ tí kìí ṣe ti èrè kan ní Enugu, Nàìjíríà. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nwafor|title=Respite at last for 200 people with special needs|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> <ref name="auto1" /> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Rapheal|title=Ability in disability|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> Àwọn ìwé rẹ̀, tí ó wà ní Braille àti ohùn ni a ti fi ránṣẹ́ sí onírúurú ilé ìtọ́jú fún àwọn afọ́jú àti àwọn aláìsàn ojú ní Nàìjíríà. <ref name="auto4" /> Atuegwu, nípasẹ̀ Bina Foundation, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Bina Foundation moves to promote blind football to international status|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Bina Foundation promotes blind Football in Africa, hosts Nigeria vs Ghana friendlies|location=Abuja, Nigeria}}</ref> tún jẹ́ olùgbèjà fún ìfàmọ́ra àwọn aláàbọ̀ ara pàápàá jùlọ fún àwọn eré ìdárayá aláàbọ̀ ara <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nwafor|title=Bina Foundation reaches out to Enugu para-athletics champions|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> bíi bọ́ọ̀lù afọ́jú . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Blind but not bound: Visually-impaired athletes find new vision, hope through sports}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's blind women team win exhibition game in Enugu}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2022, Atuegwu jẹ́ ara àwọn olùyọ̀ǹda ara-ẹni nínú ẹgbẹ́ bọ́ọ̀lù afọ́jú Star Eagles ti Nàìjíríà sí [[Morocco]] fún ìdíje International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) Blind Football African Championships tí a ṣe ní Bouznika, Morocco láti ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá sí ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2022. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's national team, Star Eagles, relish experience in Morocco|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archivedate=November 24, 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's 'Star Eagles stars in 2022 IBSA Africa Blind football championship in Morocco|location=Abuja, Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria's Star Eagles triumph over Côte d'Ivoire}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni == Atuegwu dàgbà ní [[Ẹnúgu|Enugu]], Nàìjíríà. Ó kó lọ sí [[New Jersey]] ní ọdún 1996. Ó ń gbé ní Washington, DC lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, pẹ̀lú ìdílé rẹ̀. == Àwọn ipa lórí àwọn ẹlòmíràn == === Àṣà === Ìwé Bina Series ti Atuegwu, ìwé márùn-ún tó dá lórí ọmọkùnrin oníwà ibi kan tí wọ́n pè ní orúkọ àbúrò Atuegwu, <ref name="auto10" /> ló mú kí wọ́n ṣe àṣà irun orí àwọn ọmọdé àti ọ̀dọ́langba ní Nàìjíríà tí wọ́n mọ̀ sí ''Bina Haircut'' ní àwọn ọdún 1990 àti 2000. <ref name="auto10" /> <ref name="auto11" /> === Àwọn Òǹkọ̀wé === Ní ọdún 2019, òǹkọ̀wé Ever Obi, òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn àròsọ, tí kò tíì pàdé Atuegwu rí ṣùgbọ́n tí ọjọ́ orí rẹ̀ gbà ní ìmísí ní ìtẹ̀jáde àkọ́kọ́, ya ìwé àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀, ''Men Don't Die,'' sí Atuegwu, ó sọ fún “Adaeze Atuegwu...nínú iṣẹ́ àti ìkọ̀wé ẹni tí mo rí àwọn ìrònú ìgbà èwe mi.” <ref>{{Citation|title=Author Profile: Ever Obi, on Growing Up, Literature, Influences and Quotidian Engagements}}</ref> <ref name="auto3" /> <ref name="auto5" /> == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn == * 1993: Idije Àròkọ Ọjọ́ Ìlera Àgbáyé (Nigeria) <ref name="auto6" /> * 1994: Ẹ̀bùn Rotary International fún Ìṣẹ̀dá <ref name="auto2" /> * 1995: Ẹ̀bùn Rotary International fún Ìdàgbàsókè Ọmọdé <ref name="auto3" /> * 1996: Ẹ̀bùn Rotary International fún Àṣeyọrí nínú Kíkọ <ref>{{Cite news|date=October 1, 2022|title=Young African Female Authors That Made History – Atuegwu, Oyeyemi, and Nkamankeng|url=https://leadership.ng/young-african-female-authors-that-made-history-atuegwu-oyeyemi-and-nkamankeng/|access-date=2022-11-23|language=en-US|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> * 1996: Ẹ̀bùn Àgbáyé Rotaract fún Ìṣẹ̀dá <ref name="auto10" /> == Àwọn ìtàn ìgbésí ayé tí a yàn == * Fate, Enugu: Fourth Dimensions Publishers, 1994,{{ISBN|978-156-398-2}} ; Cika Publishers, 1994,{{ISBN|978-2966-84-3}} * Omije, Enugu: B-Teks Publishers, 1994, <nowiki>ISBN 978290404X</nowiki>; Cika Publishers, 1994,{{ISBN|978-2966-60-6}} * Adventures of Nnanna, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|9783352911}} * Chalet 9, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-0-3}} * Iyale oko Mi, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-3-8}} * Ewe idán, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-2-X}} * Bina and the Birthday Cake: Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-4-6|978-2904-05-8}} * Bina and the Sailboat, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-8-9|978-2904-06-6}} * Bina at the Beach, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-2904-07-4}} * Bina ni Supermarket, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-7-0|978-2904-08-2}} * Bina ni Papa ọkọ ofurufu, Enugu: Cika Publishers, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-5-4|978-2904-09-0}} * Ọdún Àkọ́kọ́ Lizzy ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́, Enugu: Àwọn Olùtẹ̀jáde Cika, 1995,{{ISBN|978-33529-9-7}} * Ọdún Kejì Lizzy ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́, Enugu: Àwọn Olùtẹ̀jáde Cika, 1995,{{ISBN|978-2966-12-6}} * Ọdún Kẹta Lizzy ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́, Enugu, Àwọn Olùtẹ̀jáde Cika, 1995 == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1977]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] s7dgkwij920bbxzgwutml6l4gug869z 0 84298 637130 636788 2026-09-17T05:20:29Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Eseohe Arhebamen|other_names=Edoheart; Eseohe Arhebamen-Yamasaki|birth_name=Obehioye Eseohe Ikhianose Oghomwenyenmwen Cleopatra Anne Arhebamen|image=|caption=Eseohe Arhebamen performing as Edoheart|birth_place=Zaria, Nigeria|occupation=Poet, dancer, singer, musician, producer, performance artist, visual artist|years_active=2000–present|known_for=Founder of Edoheart; pioneer of Butoh-Vocal Theatre; experimental poetry and performance art|notable_works=''Seeding the Clouds'' (2003); ''Fire Butoh'' series (2007-2011)|style=Butoh-Vocal Theatre; experimental performance; spoken word poetry|movement=Experimental performance art, Butoh dance, spoken word|spouse=Seth Yamasaki (m. 2006)}}'''Eseohe Arhebamen''' tàbí '''Eseohe Arhebamen-Yamasaki''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''Edoheart''' (tí a bí ní '''Obehioye Eseohe Ikhianose Oghomwenyenmwen Cleopatra Anne Arhebamen''' ), jẹ́ akéwì, oníjó, akọrin, olórin, olùgbéréjáde, olórin ìṣeré àti olórin àwòrán. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=29 February 2020}}</ref> A bí Eseohe ní Zaria, Nàìjíríà<ref name="TPBBC">{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/talking_point/talking_point_programme/4556215.stm|title=What's it like to live in Africa?|work=Talking Point|publisher=BBC News|date=4 June 2005|access-date=5 April 2010}}</ref>, ó sì wá láti inú ìdílé ọba ti Ìjọba Benin. Ìyá-ìyá Eseohe Arhebamen (ìyá ìyá rẹ̀) ni Ọmọ-ọba obìnrin Theresa Maria Nodumwenben Osazuwa, ọmọ-ọba obìnrin láàárín àwọn ènìyàn Edo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.performance.ee/2009/eseohe%20arhebamen.htm|title=Eseohe Arhebamen|last=Paldrok|first=Al|publisher=Diverse Universe Performance Festival|date=2009|accessdate=5 October 2013|archive-date=20 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120055431/http://www.performance.ee/2009/eseohe%20arhebamen.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200703030157.html|title=Nigeria: Help! Wicked People Have Sold Our Farmlands, Now We Have Nothing to Live On|last=Ebegbulem|first=Simon|newspaper=Vanguard|date=3 March 2007|accessdate=2 April 2013}}</ref> Bàbá-bàbá-bàbá Eseohe Arhebamen, ìyẹn Osazuwa Eredia—tí í ṣe bàbá Ọmọ-ọba obìnrin Theresa Osazuwa—jẹ́ Oba N’Ugu àti Enogie ti Umoghumwun; èyí sì sọ Eseohe Arhebamen di ọmọ-ọba àti ẹni tí ó ní ẹ̀yà-ìran ọba. "A ti wá ipilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìjọba Ugu, tí olú-ìlú rẹ̀ wà ní Umoghumwun, padà sí ọ̀dọ̀ Ọmọ-ọba Idu, àkọ́bí ọmọkùnrin Oba Eweka I." <ref>{{Cite book|title=Evolution of Benin Chieftaincy Titles|location=Benin City}}</ref> == Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ == Eseohe Arhebamen ni ọmọ àgbà jùlọ nínú àwọn ọmọ ìyá márùn-ún, ó sì sábà máa ń kó ipa òbí nínú ìtọ́jú wọn. Nígbà tí ìdílé Eseohe pé ọmọ ọdún méje, wọ́n ṣí lọ sí Amẹ́ríkà, wọ́n sì gbé ní [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] . Nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún, ó forúkọ sílẹ̀ ní Yunifásítì Michigan ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Residential College. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n rọ̀ ọ́ gidigidi láti máa lépa iṣẹ́ ìṣègùn gẹ́gẹ́ bí iṣẹ́ tó yẹ, Eseohe tẹ̀lé ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ fún ewì, èdè àti iṣẹ́ ọnà. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí kò tíì pé ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga, Eseohe dojúkọ àwọn ọ̀nà ìkọ̀wé àti ìṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀nà láti nípa lórí ìyípadà àwùjọ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pub.umich.edu/daily/2000/apr/04-07-2000/news/03.html|title="Night" march on Diag goes co-ed|last1=Brill|first1=Marta|accessdate=5 April 2010|archivedate=12 September 2005|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050912095541/http://www.pub.umich.edu/daily/2000/apr/04-07-2000/news/03.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Nígbà tí ó wà ní Yunifásítì Michigan, Eseohe gba ẹ̀bùn ọlá fún ìkọ̀wé rẹ̀ ó sì wà lára àwọn tó gba ẹ̀bùn Anthology of Hopwood ti University of Michigan. <ref name="THA">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hf7kPAVRZhkC&q=Eseohe+Arhebamen+hopwood+awards&pg=PA207|title=The Hopwood Awards: 75 Years of Prized Writing|first1=Nicholas|last1=Delbanco|first2=Andrea|last2=Beauchamp|first3=Michael|last3=Barrett|publisher=The University of Michigan Press|year=2006|isbn=0472069268|accessdate=5 April 2010}}</ref> == Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ == Nígbà tí Eseohe pé ọmọ ọdún mọ́kàndínlógún, ó gba ipò gẹ́gẹ́ bí òǹkọ̀wé ní InsideOut Literary Arts ní Detroit, [[Michigan]], ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú àwọn ọmọdé ní àwọn ilé ìwé tí wọ́n wà ní àárín ìlú láti mú kí ìmọ̀ ìwé wọn pọ̀ sí i. Lẹ́yìn tí ó kó lọ sí New York ní ọdún 2003, Eseohe dá ilé-iṣẹ́ EdoHeart tí a tún kọ sí Edoheart sílẹ̀, èyí sì di orúkọ ìṣeré rẹ̀. Eseohe Arhebamen ni a ń pè ní Edoheart. Eseohe gba oye Ìwé Ẹ̀rí Bachelor of Arts lati Yunifasiti Michigan ni Creative Writing and Literature ni Oṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 2005, o si tun gba oye Bachelor of Arts ni Studio Art pẹlu ọmọ kekere ni ede Gẹẹsi lati Hunter College . Ó tún kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ jáde ní Yunifásítì New York pẹ̀lú oyè Master nínú Ẹ̀kọ́ Ìṣe, èyí tí a ṣe àpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àyọkà láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa iṣẹ́ ọnà ìṣe, ìmọ̀ nípa ẹ̀dá ènìyàn àti ìmọ̀ nípa àwùjọ, ìmọ̀ nípa ìwé, àti ẹ̀kọ́ òfin. Eseohe tun ṣe ikẹkọ ni itara lori ijó Butoh pẹlu Yukio Waguri. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Àwọn ibi tí ó wù mí nínú iṣẹ́ ìdánwò Eseohe Arhebamen ni ìṣẹ̀dá àwọn àyíká mìíràn tí a lè fojú rí, àti [[ewì]] àti ìró ohùn gẹ́gẹ́ bí orísun ìṣíkiri. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=12 October 2013}}</ref> Ó ti ṣe iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ àti kíkọ́ni tàbí kí ó darí àwọn ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹ̀ka wọ̀nyí ní The Living Theatre àti Yunifásítì Columbia 's Teacher's College. Eseohe Arhebamen ti farahàn lórí tẹlifíṣọ̀n Korea àti Amẹ́ríkà àti ìròyìn, àti nínú àwọn ìwé ìròyìn Amẹ́ríkà, Estonia àti Latvia. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.salon.com/news/letters/2005/09/01/katrina_letters/index.html|title=Letters|date=1 September 2005|accessdate=5 April 2010|archivedate=14 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110214164710/http://www.salon.com/news/letters/2005/09/01/katrina_letters/index.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=6 October 2013}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2011, ayàwòrán Kalup Linzy yàn án láti fara hàn nínú ìwé ìtàn nípa àwọn ayàwòrán ní ìlú New York. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kalup-linzy/and-then-there-were-five_b_1325724.html|title=Kalup Linzy: And Then There Were Five....|date=8 March 2012|accessdate=5 October 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=13 January 2012}}</ref> Eseohe Arhebamen tún farahàn nínú fídíò kan tí a fi kún àwọn ìwé tí akéwì Anne Waldman tí a mọ̀ sí akéwì pàtàkì tí Yunifásítì Michigan rà. == Ilé ìṣeré ohùn Butoh == Eseohe Arhebamen ni akọrin butoh ọmọ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà àkọ́kọ́ tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ àti ọmọ ìbílẹ̀. <ref name="SPalms">{{Cite web|archivedate=25 August 2011}}</ref> Ní àfikún, Eseohe Arhebamen ni òṣèré àkọ́kọ́ tó so ijó butoh pọ̀ mọ́ orin, sísọ̀rọ̀, mudra, èdè àwọn àmì-orí, ọ̀rọ̀ sísọ, àti ìṣàyẹ̀wò orin gẹ́gẹ́ bí àṣà ìjó ìbílẹ̀ àwọn [[Ìran Ẹdó|ará Edo]] ní Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn [[Áfríkà|Áfíríkà]] . <ref name="SPalms" /> Ó pe àṣà ijó yìí ní Butoh-Vocal Theatre. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=15 September 2010}}</ref> Àṣà eré Butoh-Vocal Theatre ti Eseohe Arhebamen wá láti inú iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú [[ewì]], orin àti eré ìtàgé ìbílẹ̀ Edo níbi tí àwọn òṣèré ti ń jó tí wọ́n sì ń kọrin ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbàgbọ́ rẹ̀ nínú ìtàn èdè kan náà láàrín àwọn ènìyàn Edo ti Nàìjíríà àti àwọn ará Japan sì ní ipa lórí rẹ̀. <ref name="SPalms" /> Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2010, Eseohe ṣe ìṣeré kan ní ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ [[Yukio Waguri]] kan tó lágbára, tó ń ṣe àfihàn irú eré Butoh-Vocal Theatre tó ń ṣe nígbà tó ń jó butoh nígbà tó ń kọrin Pure Imagination láti ọ̀dọ̀ Willy Wonka &amp;amp; the Chocolate Factory . Kaarel Kressa ṣapejuwe iṣe pataki ti Eseohe ṣe lakoko irin-ajo 'Fifth Diverse Universe' gẹgẹbi eyi ti o ṣe afihan ẹwa ati iwa obinrin ti o jẹ ti ara; pẹlu ewi, ijó, ati orin ti o gba ọkan awọn oluwo.[1] A tun ti pe awọn iṣe Eseohe ni "iṣe aṣa ti o ni agbara nla." == Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni == Ní ọdún 2006, Eseohe fẹ́ Seth Yamasaki, ọmọ olùyàwòrán tó gba ẹ̀bùn Pulitzer , Taro Yamasaki, àti ọmọ ọmọ Minoru Yamasaki, ayàwòrán ará Japan-Amẹ́ríkà tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ fún ṣíṣe àwòrán ilé ìtajà àgbáyé . Wọ́n ní ọmọbìnrin kan. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1981]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] hqlouhq9vefaalxp131mw9qdyyi4d1b 0 84305 637123 636798 2026-09-17T03:05:59Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637123 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox convention|name=Kaduna Book and Arts Festival|logo=|image=|caption=|status=Active|genre=[[Arts festival]], [[Book festival]]|date=|begins=|ends=|frequency=Annually|venue=Gusau Institute, [[Kaduna (city)|Kaduna]]|location=[[Kaduna (city)|Kaduna]], [[Kaduna State]]|country=[[Nigeria]]|first=2017|organizer=Book Buzz Foundation/[[Kaduna_State#Government|Kaduna State Government]]/Gusau Institute|attendance=|website={{URL|www.kabafest.org}}}} '''Ayẹyẹ Ìwé àti Ọ̀nà ti Kaduna''', Ti a tun mọ̀ sí KABAFEST, jẹ́ ayẹyẹ ọdọọdún nípa lítíréṣọ̀, àṣà, àti iṣẹ́-ọnà ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Kaduna, ní Nàìjíríà, èyí tí ó wáyé fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2017. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/art/kabafest-2017-taking-book-festival-train-to-kaduna/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=KABAFEST 2017… Taking book festival train to Kaduna|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref> Àjọ Book Buzz Foundation ló ṣètò rẹ̀—àwọn náà ló sì máa ń ṣètò àpéjọpọ̀ ọlọ́dọọdún ti Aké Arts and Book Festival—ní ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ pẹ̀lú Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Kaduna àti Gusau Institute. Èyí tún jẹ́ àpéjọpọ̀ ìwé àkọ́kọ́ irúfẹ́ rẹ̀ tí a máa ń ṣe lọ́dọọdún ní Àríwá Nàìjíríà. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/art/kabafest-2017-opening-up-conversation-creative-space-of-a-less-understood-region/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=KABAFEST 2017: Opening up conversation, creative space of a less understood region|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref> == Ìdásílẹ̀ == Èrò kan wà nípa Àríwá Nàìjíríà pé ó jẹ́ ibi tí ó kọ̀ láti gba àwọn ohun tuntun, pàápàá jùlọ ní ti àwọn ìwé àti iṣẹ́ ìkọ̀wé.<ref>{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> A ṣe agbekalẹ KABAFEST—eyiti o jẹ ipilẹṣẹ Ijọba Ipinle Kaduna—gẹgẹbi ọna lati koju ero ti ko tọ yẹn. <ref>{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> Nípa ìdásílẹ̀ yẹn, Lola Shoneyin ti Book Buzz sọ pé nípasẹ̀ àjọyọ̀ náà, òun ní ète láti "ṣẹ̀dá àwọn àǹfààní tuntun àti èyí tí ó dùn mọ́ni fún ìbáṣepọ̀ láàrin àwọn ènìyàn àti pàṣípààrọ̀ àṣà, láti ṣe ayẹyẹ àti láti gbé àwọn oníṣẹ́-ọnà àti àwọn olùṣẹ̀dá ní Àríwá Nàìjíríà lárugẹ, àti láti mú kí ìfaradà àti òye wà nípasẹ̀ ìjíròrò nípa àwọn ìwé, àṣà, iṣẹ́-ọnà àti àwùjọ." <ref>{{Cite news|archivedate=November 7, 2017}}</ref> == Àtẹ̀jáde àkọ́kọ́ == Àtẹ̀jáde àkọ́kọ́ ti KABAFEST ni a ṣe ní Gusau Institute ní ìpínlẹ̀ Kaduna, ó sì ní ìwé márùn-ún tàbí ìjíròrò, wíwà àwọn òǹkọ̀wé, ìjíròrò lórí àwọn ènìyàn, àfihàn fíìmù méjì, ìfihàn iṣẹ́ ọnà pẹ̀lú àwọn ayàwòrán mẹ́rin ní Àríwá Nàìjíríà, ìtọ́wò oúnjẹ, àti ìṣe ewì ìyanu kan. <ref>{{Cite news|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> Àwọn òǹkọ̀wé, àwọn òṣèré, àwọn òṣèré, àwọn akéwì àti àwọn òṣèré tó lé ní àádọ́ta láti gbogbo àgbáyé ló wà níbẹ̀. Olórí ìwé náà ni Leila Aboulela, òǹkọ̀wé ará Sudan àti olùgbà àkọ́kọ́ tí ó gba ẹ̀bùn Caine, ló ṣe àkóso rẹ̀. Awọn onkọwe ati awọn oṣere miiran ti o wa pẹlu [https://www.kabafest.ng/kabafest/guests/abdulbasit-abubakar/ Abdulbasit Abubakar], Abdullah Musa Dona, Abubakar Adam Ibrahim, Aisha Umar, Aminu Alan Waka, Andrew Walker, Auwalu Anwar, Audee T. Giwa, Balaraba Ramat Yakubu, Carmen McCain, Chika Jones, Chitra Nagarajan, [[Hadiza Isma El-Rufai|Dami]] [[Dami Ajayi|Ajayi]], E. E Sule, Edify Yakusak, Efe Paul . Hafsah A. Matazu, [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi]], Hafsat Ahmad Abdulwaheed, Hauwa Evelyn Shekarau, Ibrahim Bello-Kano, Ishaya Bako, Jamila Umar Tanko, Jerry Buhari, Joseph Hayab, [[Kadaria Ahmed]], Kaltume B. Gana, [[Kenneth Gyang]], [[Kinna Likimani]], [[Kola Tubosun]], Leilam Aboulela O Bukar Hassan, Methuselah Jeremiah, Nur'din Busari, Nura Garba, Odafe Atogun, Pearl Osibu, Rahama Sadau, Rahma Abdulmajid Sharif, Richard Ali, Saddiq Dzukogi, Samira Haruna Sanusi, Segun Adeniyi, Saudatu S. Mahdi, [[Temie Giwa-Tubosun]], [[Titilope Sonuga]], Toni Kan, Usman Bugaje, [[Wana Udobang]], Williams Tala Chechet, [[Zaynab Alkali|Zaynat alkali]], Abubakar Giwa, Jeremiah, Jeremiah, Mohammed Alkaki, Abubakar Giwa-Tubosun . The festival also featured the screening of two films: Ishaya Bako's Henna and Kenneth Gyang's Blood and Henna. It also had "booklogues", panel discussions, poetry, art exhibition, and a fiction workshop.[citation needed] == Ẹ̀tọ́ láti kọ == Ohun pàtàkì kan nínú ayẹyẹ náà ni ìṣípayá ìwé àdéhùn òye, ti 'Ẹ̀tọ́ láti Kọ Iṣẹ́ Àkànṣe', iṣẹ́ àkànṣe ìmọ̀ kíkà àti kíkà láàárín Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Ará Yúróòpù, àti àjọ àṣà ilẹ̀ Faransé kan, Africultures . Ète iṣẹ́ náà ni "láti tan àwọn iṣẹ́ ìwé àti ẹ̀rọ ayélujára kálẹ̀ ní ìpínlẹ̀ márùn-ún ní Àríwá - [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Kaduna|Kaduna]], [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Katsina|Katsina]], [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Borno|Borno]], [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa|Adamawa]] àti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Bauchi|Bauchi]] ." Iṣẹ́ náà jẹ́ EUR mílíọ̀nù mẹ́ta. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/art/kabafest-2017-opening-up-conversation-creative-space-of-a-less-understood-region/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=KABAFEST 2017: Opening up conversation, creative space of a less understood region}}</ref> == Ẹ̀bùn/Ìgbésí Ayé Èdè Hausa == Ohun pàtàkì mìíràn tí ó wáyé nínú ayẹyẹ náà ni ìkéde ẹ̀bùn ẹgbẹ̀rún márùn-ún náírà fún ìwé Hausa, àti ìgbé ayé àwọn òǹkọ̀wé tí wọ́n ń kọ èdè náà. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.olisa.tv/2017/07/kabafest-a-feasting-on-books-and-arts-in-the-city-of-crocodile/|title=Kabafest: A Feasting on Books and Arts in the City of Crocodiles|date=2017-07-07|archivedate=2017-11-07|access-date=2026-09-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107032744/https://olisa.tv/2017/07/kabafest-a-feasting-on-books-and-arts-in-the-city-of-crocodile/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> == Iṣẹlẹ ọdọọdun == Gomina ipinlẹ Kaduna, Mallam [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai|Nasir el-Rufai]], kede ayẹyẹ naa gẹgẹbi ayẹyẹ ọdọọdun. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://leadership.ng/2017/08/04/el-rufai-declares-kabafest-annual-fete/|title=El-Rufai Declares KABAFEST An Annual Fete - leadership.ng|date=2017-08-04|access-date=2017-10-31|language=en-US|archivedate=2017-10-09|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|30em}} jpu95crf33x4g6dp95ejeiteym2gekl 0 84332 636970 636920 2026-09-16T12:50:31Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àpò Ìgbàlódé */ 636970 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. 2u4f9rgrbpeilimtg29j3dlxylyjbiq 636979 636970 2026-09-16T13:01:11Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká */ 636979 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. gefglw5j4ao0jxlyhpjtcin8madkul2 636980 636979 2026-09-16T13:02:07Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká */ 636980 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Jute bags ([[gunny sack]]s) of coffee]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|A modern bag for carrying personal belongings]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Official waste disposal bag from [[Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[Antistatic bag]] (used for shipping electronic components) * [[Backpack]] * [[Bag-in-box]] * [[Baguette (bag)|Baguette]] * [[Bin bag]], garbage bag, or trash bag ** [[Blue bag]] * [[Biodegradable bag]] * [[Bivouac bag]] * [[Body bag]] * [[Book bag]] * [[Booster bag]] * [[Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, another name for a [[flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[Burn bag]] * [[Camera bag]] * [[Carpet bag]] * [[Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] or purse * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], worn over the shoulder * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] or suitcase * [[Tucker bag]] 2li7sc194h5fiod18fgdgmrlsdp3jrm 636981 636980 2026-09-16T13:03:59Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636981 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|A modern bag for carrying personal belongings]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Official waste disposal bag from [[Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[Antistatic bag]] (used for shipping electronic components) * [[Backpack]] * [[Bag-in-box]] * [[Baguette (bag)|Baguette]] * [[Bin bag]], garbage bag, or trash bag ** [[Blue bag]] * [[Biodegradable bag]] * [[Bivouac bag]] * [[Body bag]] * [[Book bag]] * [[Booster bag]] * [[Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, another name for a [[flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[Burn bag]] * [[Camera bag]] * [[Carpet bag]] * [[Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] or purse * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], worn over the shoulder * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] or suitcase * [[Tucker bag]] qonf2wgkzahhgtt6fksvtg9bvqgf7lf 636982 636981 2026-09-16T13:06:04Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636982 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[Backpack]] * [[Bag-in-box]] * [[Baguette (bag)|Baguette]] * [[Bin bag]], garbage bag, or trash bag ** [[Blue bag]] * [[Biodegradable bag]] * [[Bivouac bag]] * [[Body bag]] * [[Book bag]] * [[Booster bag]] * [[Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, another name for a [[flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[Burn bag]] * [[Camera bag]] * [[Carpet bag]] * [[Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] or purse * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], worn over the shoulder * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] or suitcase * [[Tucker bag]] md2qjrh1twzk5dxlobna3b28ee1zbm4 636983 636982 2026-09-16T13:08:39Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636983 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[Backpack]] * [[Bag-in-box]] * [[Baguette (bag)|Baguette]] * [[Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[Blue bag]] * [[Biodegradable bag]] * [[Bivouac bag]] * [[Body bag]] * [[Book bag]] * [[Booster bag]] * [[Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[Burn bag]] * [[Camera bag]] * [[Carpet bag]] * [[Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] iqfs4itzjrwtz54nfa2v5j6kw616m0f 636984 636983 2026-09-16T13:09:50Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636984 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[Blue bag]] * [[Biodegradable bag]] * [[Bivouac bag]] * [[Body bag]] * [[Book bag]] * [[Booster bag]] * [[Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[Burn bag]] * [[Camera bag]] * [[Carpet bag]] * [[Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] 56wzppgjytwb52ooh87a0r5u8utjrqm 636985 636984 2026-09-16T13:11:09Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636985 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[Burn bag]] * [[Camera bag]] * [[Carpet bag]] * [[Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] qb5ylury0mlf17oxrle3fzdoqwd61m5 636987 636985 2026-09-16T13:11:40Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636987 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[Burn bag]] * [[Camera bag]] * [[Carpet bag]] * [[Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] gg1nhr6ls8aj5to9mrlegiihtv24rro 636989 636987 2026-09-16T13:12:45Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636989 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[Diplomatic bag]] * [[Douche bag]] * [[Duffel bag]] * [[Dunnage bag]] * [[Flour sack]] * [[Gaji bag]] * [[Garment bag]] * [[Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] 6q9muqnpcjfn5npslhuv59uc1fnop4t 636991 636989 2026-09-16T13:16:18Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636991 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[Gunny sack]] * [[Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] tlhyb0jyjozqbj09vrmcbikonulpjzn 636993 636991 2026-09-16T13:17:00Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636993 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[Holdall]] * [[Ita-bag]] * [[Lifting bag]] * [[Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] hi7zbxodicl3n4p1y4xe0lc5wdrf7xz 636994 636993 2026-09-16T13:17:50Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636994 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[Medical bag]] * [[Messenger bag]] * [[Millbank bag]] * [[Money bag]] * [[Paper bag]] * [[Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] so03t3ya2ded8ff21zmeekr97kxqqcu 636996 636994 2026-09-16T13:19:02Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636996 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[Popcorn bag]] * [[Punching bag]] * [[Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] k7dijz5jbvwjbmdy4rnbsod7x5cy3ti 636997 636996 2026-09-16T13:19:47Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636997 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[Satchel]] * [[Security bag]] * [[Sling bag]], tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[Shopping bag]] * [[Stuff sack]] * [[Suicide bag]] * [[Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] qh853wm97vqmfi5j00zsbdefq3px4nm 636999 636997 2026-09-16T13:21:05Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 636999 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[Tote bag]] * [[Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[Tucker bag]] qjmttbjpksgapv81018gpurecvggyml 637001 636999 2026-09-16T13:21:48Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 637001 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi iké [[Plastic bag|plastic bags]] láti ṣe àpò. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] s4feibaz0axv71rvacpw2aorcpxvdyd 637003 637001 2026-09-16T13:23:04Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká */ 637003 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe [[medical waste]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] fw7w3aair3qt4gcf1hj15olrfova9xj 637008 637003 2026-09-16T13:34:16Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká */ 637008 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn àpò alayika [[briefcase]], àpamọ́wọ́ [[handbag]], alápònséyìn [[backpack]] èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] jyjjmej3mqsd3cmeghwtclx65idke5e 637009 637008 2026-09-16T13:37:33Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àpò Ìgbàlódé */ 637009 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù [[zipper]], [[snap fastener]], àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò [[Lock (security device)|lock]]. Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ [[basket]], tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó [[handbag|purse]], títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] 1vz4m99wic8zmyrt5b2voiyvxxw7192 637010 637009 2026-09-16T13:39:33Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àpò Ìgbàlódé */ 637010 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] 0sld1agynrhdly3w9c3phhklzsl2j4j 637011 637010 2026-09-16T13:40:12Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àpò Ìgbàlódé */ 637011 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] lg4ylwr7443fl25845n8u0zicp6y04y 637012 637011 2026-09-16T13:41:17Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì */ 637012 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[Bag (unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[Bagger]] * [[Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[Bag tag]] * [[Sack (disambiguation)]] amsvb1ti8emwbusjkbw905p6wv0xxv5 637013 637012 2026-09-16T13:42:03Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò */ 637013 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[Bag tag]] * [[Sack (disambiguation)]] p8qir5yq0is7v8zqyfrytih90thqrq4 637014 637013 2026-09-16T13:42:32Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò */ 637014 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[:en:Bagg_(disambiguation)|Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[:en:Bag_tag|Bag tag]] * [[Sack (disambiguation)]] 0sfkrf37wojha224sbicrs81ymx99cv 637015 637014 2026-09-16T13:42:50Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò */ 637015 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[:en:Bagg_(disambiguation)|Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[:en:Bag_tag|Bag tag]] * [[:en:Sack_(disambiguation)|Sack (disambiguation)]] e3ayaa5f79goa4k0t858lfiyuorpmmm 637016 637015 2026-09-16T13:43:18Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò */ 637016 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[:en:Bagg_(disambiguation)|Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[:en:Bag_tag|Bag tag]] * [[:en:Sack_(disambiguation)|Sack (disambiguation)]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== dn70225vjyh98sktrzwhz81fj97gyxw 637017 637016 2026-09-16T13:44:00Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìtọ́kasí */ 637017 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[:en:Bagg_(disambiguation)|Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[:en:Bag_tag|Bag tag]] * [[:en:Sack_(disambiguation)|Sack (disambiguation)]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== ==Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde == * {{Wiktionary-inline|bag}}. * {{Commons category-inline|Bags}}. * {{Merriam-Webster|Bag}} {{Containers}} {{Packaging}} {{Bags}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Bags| ]] [[Category:Domestic implements]] lc82ywt5ngts60th0iu14fk0vlvaqj0 637018 637017 2026-09-16T13:45:16Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 637018 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò saka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn ounjẹ, awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà ọjà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún owó díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn obìnrin ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[:en:Bagg_(disambiguation)|Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[:en:Bag_tag|Bag tag]] * [[:en:Sack_(disambiguation)|Sack (disambiguation)]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== dn70225vjyh98sktrzwhz81fj97gyxw 637081 637018 2026-09-16T16:22:12Z Apalopadidun1 29845 637081 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò ṣaka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn [[oúnjẹ́]], awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí okùn fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú ènìyàn, nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà [[ọjà]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún [[owó]] díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn [[obìnrin]] ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[:en:Bagg_(disambiguation)|Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[:en:Bag_tag|Bag tag]] * [[:en:Sack_(disambiguation)|Sack (disambiguation)]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== lftszs4zhxlopknlly3h0lemrm640iy 637082 637081 2026-09-16T16:25:43Z Apalopadidun1 29845 637082 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bolsas-de-asa-plana-interior-bolsapubli.jpg|thumb|Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú, oni ìwé pẹ̀lú ọwọ́]] '''Àpò''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''àpò ṣaka''' tàbí '''Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́''', jẹ́ ohun èlò tí a sábà máa ń lò ti o ní ìrísí àpótí ìpamọ́, tí a sábà máa ń fi [[aṣọ]], [[:en:Leather|awọ]], [[:en:Bamboo|igi oparun]], [[Paper|ìwé]], tàbí [[:en:Plastic|ike]] ṣe. Lílo àwọn àpò ti wà ṣáájú ìtàn àkọsílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àpò àkọ́kọ́ tí a fi awọ ẹranko, [[:en:Cotton|Òwú]], tàbí okùn igi hun, tí a fi àwọn okùn igi na gbáamú ni etí, tí a sì tún fi dèèsé òkun igi na hun ni ìrísí tí a fé<ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Àwọn àpò baagi òun ni a fi má ń gbe awọn ohun kan bi awọn ohun-ini ara ẹni, awọn [[oúnjẹ]], awọn irinṣẹ, ati awọn nkan miiran. Wọ́n wà ní onírúurú ìrísí àti ìwọ̀n, wọ́n sábà máa ń ní àwọn ojúbo ìka tàbí [[okùn]] fún ìrọrùn gbígbé wọn. Àpò òun ni ó kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú [[ènìyàn]], nítorí wọ́n ń jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn kó àwọn ohun èlò bí èso berries tàbí ọkà jọ kí wọ́n sì gbé wọn, nígbà tí wọ́n tún ń ànfàní láti tún lè gbé àwọn nǹkan míì sí i lọ́wọ́. <ref name="Chenoune">{{Cite book|last1=Chenoune|first1=Farid|title=Carried Away: All About Bags|date=2005|publisher=Vendome Press|isbn=9780865651586}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì náà ṣeé ṣe kí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ [[:en:Old_Norse_language|Norse]] ''baggi'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 November 2012}}</ref> láti inú [[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] bʰak tí a tún ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún jọ èdè Welsh baich (load, bundle), àti ti èdè Greek Τσιαντουλίτσα ( ''Chandulícha'', load). Àwọn Àpò aláṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí a lè lò tí ó rọrùn àti àwọn àpò ìrajà ni ile itaja tí a lè lò pọ̀ wọ́pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n àti agbára tó yàtọ̀ síra nínú iṣẹ́ títà [[ọjà]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó rọrùn fún àwọn oníbàárà, ilé ìtajà náà sì sábà máa ń pèsè wọn lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí fún [[owó]] díẹ̀. Àwọn oníbàárà tún lè mú àpò ìtajà tiwọn láti lò ní àwọn ilé ìtajà. ==Ìtàn Àpò-atọwọ́mú == [[File:Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD - Cinquantenaire Museum - Brussels, Belgium - DSC08798.jpg|thumb|upright|Embroidered purse, France, mid 14th century AD]] Àwọn àpò ni àwọn ọkùnrin, obìnrin àti ọmọ kékeré tí ń lọ láti ǹkan bi ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún sẹ́yìn. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú ni wọ́n ti wá seyin ni àwọn agbègbè Egypt tí ayé ọjọ́un [[Ancient Egypt]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[:en:Egyptian_hieroglyphs|hieroglyphs]] òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọkùnrin pẹ̀lú àpò ìgbàdí. Àwọn Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n kó àwọn nkan òsó sì nínú ni àkókò Sànmánì Idẹ ( [[:en:Bronze_Age|Bronze Age]]) , ni àwọn ǹkan bi 2000 BCE, òun ni wón ti wù jáde ní ibòji [[:en:Xiaohe_Cemetery|Xiaohe Cemetery]] ní [[China]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mai |first1=Huijuan |last2=Yang |first2=Yimin |last3=Abuduresule |first3=Idelisi |last4=Li |first4=Wenying |last5=Hu |first5=Xingjun |last6=Wang |first6=Changsui |date=2016-01-28 |title=Characterization of cosmetic sticks at Xiaohe Cemetery in early Bronze Age Xinjiang, China |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |article-number=18939 |doi=10.1038/srep18939 |doi-access=free|issn=2045-2322 |pmc=4730899 |pmid=26820435 |bibcode=2016NatSR...618939M }}</ref> Ìwé Bíbélì ménuba àpò, ní pápá jùlọ, èyí tí Judas Iscariot gbé kiri níbi tí òun kò àwọn ǹkan rẹ sí ní àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún Kínní. Ní àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rù àwọn olè, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn bèrè sí mi lọ àpò olókùn-ìgbàdí fífà láti kọ́ àwọn ǹkan ìní wọn. Àwọn àpò yí ni wón so mó ìgbàdí '[[:en:Girdle|girdles]]' pẹ̀lú okùn tí ó ṣe sọ mó ìdí. Àwọn Àpò àwòfín [[:en:Dillybag|dillybag]] tí àwọn ènìyàn Australianis òun ni ó jẹ́ àpò kan tí àwọn ènìyàn ijoun [[:en:Australian_Aboriginal|Australian Aboriginal]] hun láti ara ewéko ( [[:en:Plant_fibre|plant fibres]]) . Àpò àwòfín (Dillybags) óun ni ó jẹ́ èyí tí àwọn obinrin ńṣe tí wọ́n ń sì ń lọ láti kọ́ oúnjẹ láti ibi kan sì ibi kan tí ó sì wọ́pọ̀ ni apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Australia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dilly Bags|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2021|website=Western Australian Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071659/http://museum.wa.gov.au:80/explore/intertwined/basket-types/dilly-bags |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Bótilèjépé wọn ń lọ ìwé láti we nkan ni ile China àtijọ́ [[:en:Ancient_China|Ancient China]] láti ǹkan bi àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejì,<ref name="needham volume 4 122">{{cite book |last1=Needham |first1=Joseph |title=Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4 |date=1965 |isbn=9780521058032 |page=122 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> àkọ́kọ́ ìgbà tí wọ́n ó kọ́kọ́ lọ àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe ní ilé China láti dáàbò ìpèsè tíì (Tea) ni ó wáyé ní àkókò [[:en:Tang_dynasty|Tang dynasty]] (618–907 AD).<ref name="needham volume 4 122" /> Ní àwọn Àkókò Sànmánì Sẹ́ńtúrì ọwọ́ Àárín ní Ilẹ̀ Europe, àwọn obìnrin má ń lọ àpò òsó tí wọ́n fi okùn fífà pèlò rẹ tí wọ́n ń pè ní ''hamondeys'' tàbí ''tasques'', láti fi ṣe àfihàn ọlá àti ipò wọn ní àwùjọ. Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí àkókò ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá òun ni ó yírapadà di àwọn ẹ̀bùn ẹrù ìyàwó láti ọwọ́ ọkọ sì ìyàwó. Àwọn àpò pélébé ọjọ́un yí ni wón sábà má ń ṣe isé onà sì lára, àwọn iṣẹ́ ọ̀nà tí òun ṣe àfihàn ìtàn ìfẹ́, tàbí orin. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, àwọn àpò pélébé yí ni a padà mò sì ''chaneries'', lèyí tí wọ́n ń lò fún ìṣe eré ìdárayá àti ìtọ́jú ẹyẹ àṣá. Ní àwọn Àkókò Olájú ati Ìmọ̀ Tuntun ní Ilẹ̀ Europe ( [[:en:Renaissance|Renaissance]]) , àwọn aṣọ òsó Elizabethan ti ilẹ̀ England òun ni ó ní àwọn nkan òsó púpò lára ju ti àtẹ̀yìnwá lọ. Àwọn obìnrin ń wo àpò pélébé wọn sì abé aṣọ wọn ti àwọn ọkùnrin na si n wo àwọn àpò tàbí ṣe ''bagges'' ti wọn fi awọ sínú èwù wọn. Tí Àwọn Ọlọ́lá, sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si mi lọ ''swete bagges'' tí wọ́n fi àwọn òun ìpèlò olóorùn àdídùn ṣe láti bo àwọn òórùn mọ́lẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Handbags: A Timeline |url=http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |website=Handbag Heaven |access-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729184927/http://www.handbagheaven.com/history-of-handbags.html |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ onílẹ̀ gangan láti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí wọ́n ó padà di ẹ̀yà United States àti Canada ṣe ''[[:en:Parfleche|parfleche]]'', tí ó jẹ́ àpò tàbí ibi tí èyàn lè kó ǹkan sì ti wọn fi awọ Ẹfọ̀n ṣe tí wọ́n sì paà ni aró òsó. Ìwúlò àpò yí ni lati ko àwọn ẹrú wọn sì, bóyá ni igba ti wọn n bá kúrò láti ibìkan sì ibikan tàbí tí wọ́n bá tèdó sí ibikan. Àpò parfleche yí ni àwọn [[obìnrin]] ń ṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi isé-ọ́nà tí òun fi àmì wọn hàn. Àwọn Àmì wọn yí òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwòye àwọn ará ìlú yí tí ó sì lè yàtò sì ti àgbègbè mìíràn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=America |date=2020 |title=PARFLECHES: How Native Women Pushed the Envelope of Abstraction |url=https://firstamericanartmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/faam26_34_parfleches.pdf |access-date=2025-10-30 |website=First American Art Magazine}}</ref> ==Àpò Ìgbàlódé == [[File:Burberry handbag.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Tote_bag|tote bag]]]] [[File:Pouch, Arapaho (Native American), Late 19th or early 20th cent., 08.434.jpg|thumb|''Pouch'', [[:en:Arapaho|Arapaho]] (Native American), late 19th or early 20th century, [[:en:Brooklyn_Museum|Brooklyn Museum]]]] Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò alágbèéká tí je òun ti o wà ní ibi gbogbo,<ref name="Chenoune"/> Pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe gbé onírúurú àpò kiiri nípasẹ̀ àwọn Àpò oni pákó pẹlẹbe ([[:en:Briefcase|briefcase]]) , àpamọ́wọ́ ([[:en:Handbag|handbag]]) , alápònséyìn [[:en:Backpack|backpack]]) èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ, awo, tàbí àwọn èyí tí wọ́n ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èròjà bí pálí, tàbí ike tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìtajà láti fi kò nkan ọjà. Ní ayé òde òní, àwọn àpò ni wọn ń lọ bí nkan òsó. Àpò-atọwọ́mú lè jẹ èyí tí ó ní zíípù ([[:en:Zipper|zipper]]) , "[[:en:Snap_fastener|snap fastener]]" , àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lo., tàbí èyí tí a kàn lè ká lórí arawon (bí àpẹẹrẹ. Àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé ṣe). Ní àwọn ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn àpò ọwọ́ tàbí Àpò ìrìnàjò ni wọn má ń ní kòkòrò ìdáàbòbò ([[:en:Lock_(security_device)|lock]]). Irú àwọn àpò eleyi ni ó wà lẹ́yìn àwọn àpò bi àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ ([[:en:Basket|basket]]) , tí òun ti má ń ní ìwúlò mìíràn látàrí bí ó ti ṣe káákò tàbí tí ó ṣe tè mọ́lẹ̀ láti mú àdínku de ba. Sugbon ni apá ibo mìíràn, àwọn àpò alápẹ̀rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi àwọn ohun èlò tí ó lè ṣe ní àǹfààní ìdáàbòbò to péye ju ti àwọn akegbé rẹ̀ ló látàrí òun ti wọn fi ṣe wọn. Àpò òfìfo lè jẹ fúfúyé òsì tún lè Mon je fúfúyé tàbí kí ó ṣe dínkù. Tí ó bá jé è, yio rọrùn láti gbé lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti nílò rẹ, bí ilé ìtajà, àti láti kọ́ àwọn àpò òfìfo pamó. Àwọn àpò wá ní oríṣiríṣi bèrè láti èyí tí ó kéré, bí àpò alápamówó ([[:en:Handbag|purse]]), títí tí ó fi dé orí èyí tí ó tóbi bí àpò alagberin ìrìn àjò [[:en:Suitcase|suitcase]]. Àwọn àpò [[:en:Pocket|pocket]] ara aṣọ na je ara oríṣiríṣi Àpò-atọwọ́mú tí wọ́n rán mó ara aṣọ láti lè má kò àwọn ǹkan ìlò kékèké. ==Apá tàbí àwọn ọ̀nà tó jẹ mọ́ dáradára àyíká == Àwọn Ìbẹ̀rù tí òun be lórí lílọ àwọn ǹkan bi Báágì tí wọ́n fi iké tàbí òrá ([[:en:Plastic_bag|plastic bags]]) ṣe. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú lọ lórí mímu àdínku bá lílò wọn ní àwọn orílẹ̀ èdè kokan ní ilè [[European Union]], bíi Ireland àti Netherlands. Ní àwọn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kòkan, irúfé àwọn àpò ti wọn ba fi ike ṣe yí ní wón ń gbé ọwọ́ orí lè, kí àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n ń lọ wọn sì sọ ń ọwọ́ tí wọ́n kó san tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ìgbà míràn, àwọn iké àlálò-túnlò àti Àpò-alátọwọ́mú ni wó ń tà ní bi €0.50 sí €1, tí eléyi sì le mú kí àwọn àpò àlòsonù tí wọ́n ṣe láti ara iké di òun ìgbàgbé. Ní ìgbà míràn, wọ́n ńṣe pàsípàrò àwọn báágì ti o ba ti gbó ni ọ̀fẹ́. Ilẹ̀ UK ń gba póùn márùn [[Pound sterling|p]] lórí báágì ìgbérù ni àwọn ile ìtajà láti ọdún 2015. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yí ni ó ti tàn dé àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ àti àgbègbè kòkan ni ọrílé-èdè United States. Ní àìpé yí, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìlú ni wọn ti fi òfin de lílọ àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ike (òrá nylon) ṣe. Tí àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi ìwé (Páálí) ṣe sí ń rọ́pò wọn, àmọ́ ó fé dàbí ẹni wípé àwọn báágì tí wọ́n fi páálí ṣe wóón ju ti oníkẹ lọ. Àpò báágì lè jẹ eyi ti èyàn lè lò ní ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo ó sì lè món jẹ́ bẹ, ṣùgbọ́n èyí tí ó jẹ́ onílò ẹ̀kan sì ṣe ló ní òpò ìgbà, fún àwọn ìdí tí ó níse pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ àjẹ́ àti dídára àyíká. Ní apá míràn, àwọn ìdí mi, bí ìmótótó àti ọwọ́ ọkọ̀ lè jẹ àwọn ìdí miran láti lọ báágì àlálò ẹ̀kan jùnù ni èmejì. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, báágì tí wọ́n ń dá ìdọ̀tí si [[:en:Garbage_bag|garbage bag]] ní won má ń jùnù pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí inú rẹ. Báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń fi ń ṣe ìtọ́jú àwọn ǹkan ni wọn má ń sọnù tí nkan inú rẹ bá ti tán. Bákan náà, àwọn báágì òrá tí wọ́n ń lọ ní àwọn ilé ìwòsàn ni àkókò isé abe bí [[:en:Colostomy_bag|colostomy bag]] tí wọ́n má ń darí àwọn ìdọ̀tí ègbin àkókò iṣẹ́ abe sì òun ni wón má ń sọnù gẹgẹbi egbin iṣẹ́ abe " [[:en:Medical_waste|medical waste]]" . Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn oúnjẹ inú òrá, bíi pretzels, cookies, áti potato chips, óun ni wà nínú òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún ìlò ẹ̀kan ṣoṣo. ==Àwọn oríṣiríṣi Báágì == [[File:Thousands of bean bags.jpg|thumb|Àpò Kofí tó nípọn tí wọ́n fi okùn ewéko hun (Jute bags) ([[:en:Gunny_sack|gunny sacks]])]] [[File:Reisetasche (fcm).jpg|thumb|Báágì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n ṣe fún gbígbé nkan ara ẹni]] [[File:Garbage bag Basel Bebbisagg.JPG|thumb|upright|Àpò Òrá tí wọ́n ṣe fún dída ìdọ̀tí nù ni [[:en:Basel|Basel]], Switzerland]] * [[:en:Antistatic_bag|Antistatic bag]] (tí wọ́n ń lọ fún kíkó àwọn ǹkan ìlò iná ẹ̀lẹ́tíríìkì) * [[:en:Backpack|Backpack]] * [[:en:Bag-in-box|Bag-in-box]] * [[:en:Baguette_(bag)|Baguette]] * [[:en:Bin_bag|Bin bag]], àwọn àpò báágì fún idoti, ** [[:en:Blue_bag|Blue bag]] * [[:en:Biodegradable_bag|Biodegradable bag]] * [[:en:Bivouac_bag|Bivouac bag]] * [[:en:Body_bag|Body bag]] * [[:en:Book_bag|Book bag]] * [[:en:Booster_bag|Booster bag]] * [[:en:Bota_bag|Bota bag]] * Bulk bag, orúkọ mìíràn fún [[:en:Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container|flexible intermediate bulk container]] * [[:en:Burn_bag|Burn bag]] * [[:en:Camera_bag|Camera bag]] * [[:en:Carpet_bag|Carpet bag]] * [[:en:Cooler_bag|Cooler bag]] * [[Cross-body bag]] * [[:en:Diaper_bag|Diaper bag]] * [[:en:Diplomatic_bag|Diplomatic bag]] * [[:en:Douche_bag|Douche bag]] * [[:en:Duffel_bag|Duffel bag]] * [[:en:Dunnage_bag|Dunnage bag]] * [[:en:Flour_sack|Flour sack]] * [[:en:Gaji_bag|Gaji bag]] * [[:en:Garment_bag|Garment bag]] * [[:en:Gladstone_bag|Gladstone bag]] * [[:en:Gunny_sack|Gunny sack]] * [[:en:Handbag|Handbag]] tàbí báágì ìléwó * [[:en:Hobo_bag|Hobo bag]] * [[:en:Holdall|Holdall]] * [[:en:Ita-bag|Ita-bag]] * [[:en:Lifting_bag|Lifting bag]] * [[:en:Mail_bag|Mail bag]] * [[:en:Medical_bag|Medical bag]] * [[:en:Messenger_bag|Messenger bag]] * [[:en:Millbank_bag|Millbank bag]] * [[:en:Money_bag|Money bag]] * [[:en:Paper_bag|Paper bag]] * [[:en:Plastic_bag|Plastic bag]] * [[:en:Popcorn_bag|Popcorn bag]] * [[:en:Punching_bag|Punching bag]] * [[:en:Sandbag|Sandbag]] * [[:en:Satchel|Satchel]] * [[:en:Security_bag|Security bag]] * [[:en:Sling_bag|Sling bag]], Báágì tí wọ́n ń fi kó apá * [[:en:Shopping_bag|Shopping bag]] * [[:en:Stuff_sack|Stuff sack]] * [[:en:Suicide_bag|Suicide bag]] * [[:en:Thermal_bag|Thermal bag]] * [[:en:Tote_bag|Tote bag]] * [[:en:Travel_bag|Travel bag]] tàbí báágì ìrìnàjò (Suitcase) * [[:en:Tucker_bag|Tucker bag]] == Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò == * [[:en:Bag_(unit)|Bag]] (unit of measurement with various values) * [[:en:Bagger|Bagger]] * [[:en:Bagg_(disambiguation)|Bagg (disambiguation)]] * [[:en:Bag_tag|Bag tag]] * [[:en:Sack_(disambiguation)|Sack (disambiguation)]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== 0n6q2z9dkm0nh32foxby7c3aelxfgf1 0 84372 637170 636942 2026-09-17T10:12:47Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637170 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>{short description|Egyptian footballer (born 1997)}}</nowiki> {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2026}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Mostafa Ziko|image=Mostafa Ziko Argentina v Egypt 7 July 2026-100.jpg|caption=Ziko with [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] in 2026|full_name=Mostafa Mohamed Zaky Abdelraouf<ref name="FIFA">{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=FIFA World Cup 2026™ – Squad List: Egypt (EGY) |publisher=FIFA |page=17 |date=19 July 2026 |access-date=21 July 2026 |archive-date=21 July 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260721042044/https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce281/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |url-status=live |dead-url=no }}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1997|4|27|df=y}}<ref name="FIFA"/>|birth_place=[[Shibin El Kom]], Egypt<ref>{{Cite web |last=إبراهيم |first=هند |date=2026-05-29 |title=بعد تألقه مع منتخب مصر.. والدة مصطفى زيكو تروى كواليس رحلة الكفاح من شبين الكوم إلى حلم المشاركة فى كأس العالم |url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/4280932 |access-date=2026-07-10 |website=المصري اليوم |language=ar}}</ref>|height=1.79 m<ref name="FIFA"/>|position=[[Left winger]]/[[Midfielder#Winger|right winger]]/[[Midfielder#Advanced playmaker|attacking midfielder]]/[[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|centre-forward]]<ref name="VitFil"/>|currentclub=[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]]|clubnumber=30|years1=2016–2019|clubs1=[[Gomhoriat Shebin SC|Gomhoriat Shebin]]|caps1={{tooltip|?|Senior league appearance records unavailable}}|goals1={{tooltip|?|Senior league goal records unavailable}}|years2=2019–2023|clubs2=[[Haras El Hodoud SC|Haras El Hodoud]]|caps2={{tooltip|?|Senior league appearance records unavailable}}|goals2={{tooltip|?|Senior league goal records unavailable}}|years3=2023–2025|clubs3=[[ZED FC|ZED]]|caps3=56|goals3=18|years4=2025–|clubs4=[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]]|caps4=22|goals4=6|nationalyears1=2026–|nationalteam1=[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]]|nationalcaps1=7|nationalgoals1=4|club-update=17:36, 1 June 2026 (UTC)|nationalteam-update=7 July 2026}}'''Mostafa Mohamed Zaky Abdelraouf''' ({{langx|ar|مصطفى محمد زكي عبد الرؤوف}}; Wọn bi i ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 1997; orúkọ tí a mọ̀ ọ́ sí ni Mostafa Zico (tàbí Mostafa Ziko), tàbí kí a kàn pè é ní Zico (tàbí Ziko) (زيكو). Ó jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n láti ilẹ̀ Egypt, ó sì máa ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní ipò agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá òsì (left winger) fún ẹgbẹ́ Pyramids tó wà ní Lígì Premier ti Egypt àti fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Egypt. Ó ti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní ipò agbábọ́ọ̀lù apá ọ̀tún, agbábọ́ọ̀lù àárín pápá tó ń gbógun ti àtakò (attacking midfielder), àti agbábọ́ọ̀lù iwájú (centre-forward) pẹ̀lú..<ref name="VitFil">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/446478/رحلة-صعود-وعيب-وحيد-من-هو-زيكو-أحدث-اختيارات-فيتوريا-لـ-منتخب-مصر|title=رحلة صعود وعيب وحيد.. من هو "زيكو" أحدث اختيارات فيتوريا لـ منتخب مصر|trans-title=A Rise to Prominence and One Single Flaw: Who Is "Ziko", Vitória’s Latest Pick for the Egypt National Team?|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|first1=Mahmoud|last1=Hamdy|first2=Reda|last2=El-Sonbaty|access-date=3 November 2022|date=7 June 2026}}</ref> Orúkọ àpèlé rẹ̀, 'Ziko', tọ́ka sí agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Brazil tí a mọ̀ sí Zico.,<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=June 6, 2026|title=Entenda relação de Ziko, do Egito, carrasco da Seleção Brasileira, com Zico|url=https://www.lance.com.br/copa-do-mundo/entenda-relacao-de-ziko-do-egito-carrasco-da-selecao-brasileira-com-zico.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260610080144/lance.com.br/copa-do-mundo/entenda-relacao-de-ziko-do-egito-carrasco-da-selecao-brasileira-com-zico.html|archive-date=June 10, 2026|access-date=June 23, 2026|website=[[Lance!]]|language=pt-br}}</ref> Nítorí pé bàbá rẹ̀ nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí eléré-ìdárayá náà.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2026-06-06|title=Brasil enfrenta Ziko, jogador do Egito que se inspira em Zico|url=https://www.band.com.br/esportes/futebol/copa-do-mundo/noticias/brasil-vai-enfrentar-ziko-jogador-do-egito-com-apelido-inspirado-em-zico-202606061819|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260607223746/https://www.band.com.br/esportes/futebol/copa-do-mundo/noticias/brasil-vai-enfrentar-ziko-jogador-do-egito-com-apelido-inspirado-em-zico-202606061819|archive-date=June 7, 2026|access-date=June 23, 2026|website=[[Rede Bandeirantes]]|language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ziko bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ bọọlu rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ Gomhoriat Shebin, kí ó tó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Haras El Hodoud ní ọdún 2019; níbẹ̀ ni ó ti ní ìdàgbàsókè gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọọlu apá (winger) nínú Lígì Premier ti ilẹ̀ Egypt. Ní ọdún 2023, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ ZED, ó sì jẹ́ agbábọọlu tí ó gba àmì-ayò (goal) púpọ̀ jùlọ fún ẹgbẹ́ náà ní àwọn àsìkò méjèèjì tí ó lò níbẹ̀. Lẹ́yìn tí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ bíi Zamalek ti fi ìfẹ́ hàn sí i, Ziko dara pọ̀ mọ́ Pyramids, níbi tí ó ti gba ife-ẹ̀yẹ Egypt Cup, CAF Super Cup, àti FIFA African–Asian–Pacific Cup ní àsìkò àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú wọn.. Botilẹjẹpe ko tii gba bọọlu fun awọn ẹgbẹ ọdọ orilẹ-ede rẹ tẹlẹ, Ziko bẹrẹ ere fun ẹgbẹ agba orilẹ-ede Egypt ni ọdun 2026 nigba ti o wa ni ọmọ ọdun mọkandinlọgbọn. Bi o tilẹ jẹ pe ko nireti pe wọn yoo pe e, wọn wa fi orukọ rẹ kun ẹgbẹ ti yoo kopa ninu idije Ife Agbaye FIFA ti ọdun 2026; nibẹ ni o ti di pataki ninu igbiyanju ẹgbẹ Egypt lati de ipele ti awọn ẹgbẹ mẹrindilogun (Round of 16), pẹlu gbigba ami ayo meji wọle..<ref name="fs">{{cite web|url=https://www.flashscore.co.uk/news/egyptian-star-zico-has-already-made-a-name-for-himself-at-the-world-cup/0UchfFM9/|title=Egyptian star Ziko has already made a name for himself at the World Cup|publisher=FlashScore|date=7 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="arabnewsfuture">{{cite web|url=https://www.arabnews.pk/node/2650616/sport|title=Egyptian football looks toward bright future after World Cup heroics|website=[[Arab News]]|date=12 July 2026|access-date=13 July 2026}}</ref> == Early life == Lẹ́yìn tí bàbá rẹ̀ kú nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìnlá, Ziko ní láti máa ṣiṣẹ́ ní ilé-ìtajà aṣọ ti ìdílé wọn ní Shibin El Kom, ní Monufia..<ref name="fs" /> Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ̀ ọkùnrin, ẹni tí wọ́n máa ń pe ní 'Ziko' tẹ́lẹ̀, fi eré bọ́ọ̀lù sílẹ̀ láti lè fi ààyè pàtàkì fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀.r.<ref name="fs" /> == Club career == === Early career === Ziko bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ bọ́ọ̀lù rẹ̀ ní Gomhoriat Shebin. Ní ọdún 2022, olùkọ́ni rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ níbẹ̀, Samir Kamouna, sọ fún FilGoal pé: "Ó jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó tayọ gan-an; nígbà tí mo wà ní ipò olùkọ́ni ní Gomhoreyat Shebin, ó ṣe dáadáa gan-an, ó sì fa àfiyèsí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù... Ziko gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìpèsè ní àkókò mi – pàápàá jùlọ láti ọ̀dọ̀ ENPPI àti Ismaily tí wọ́n nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí i jùlọ – ṣùgbọ́n àìléègbà lórí ọ̀rọ̀ owó ló dí ìlọsí rẹ̀ lọ sí èyíkéyìí nínú àwọn ẹgbẹ́ wọ̀nyí lọ́wọ́, nítorí náà ó dúró pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ náà."."<ref name="VitFil" /> Lẹ́yìn náà, Ziko darapọ̀ mọ́ Haras El Hodoud ní ọdún 2019; àdéhùn náà sì ní ìlànà kan tó sọ pé wọn yóò gba ìpín mẹ́ẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (25%) tí wọ́n bá tún ta ẹrjọ̀sì náà ní ọjọ́ iwájú..<ref name="VitFil" /><ref name="304a">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/530478|title=رجل مباريات الدوري المصري.. كيف تغيرت مسيرة زيكو في 304 أيام|trans-title=Egyptian League Man of the Match... How Ziko's career transformed in 304 days|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|first=Amr|last=Abdel Moneim|access-date=24 July 2026|date=7 June 2026}}</ref> Ó kópa nínú àsìkò ìdíje àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Lígì Àkọ́kọ́ ti ilẹ̀ Éjíbítì ní àsìkò ìdíje ọdún Ní àsìkò eré 2022–23, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní gba àmì-ayò wọlé fún àsìkò náà nínú eré tí wọ́n fi 2–1 ṣẹ́gun wọn ní ọwọ́ Cleopatra FC ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2022..<ref name="fr.h">{{Cite news|url=https://www.footmercato.net/live/1398696346558923518-ceramica-cleopatra-vs-haras-el-hodood|title=Ceramica Cleo 2–1 Haras|lang=fr|work=Foot Mercato|access-date=27 July 2026}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù Kínní, ọdún 2023, ó gba góòlù kan láti inú ìyọ̀ǹda ìjìyà (penalty) nínú eré tí ó parí sí ìdọ́gba 2–2 pẹ̀lú Al Mokawloon..<ref name="fr.hm">{{Cite news|url=https://www.foot-direct.com/live/7826189615043839133-al-mokawloon-vs-haras-el-hodood|title=Mokawloon 3–2 Haras|lang=fr|work=Foot Direct|access-date=27 July 2026}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹjọ oṣù Kínní, nínú eré rẹ̀ tó tẹ̀lé e, Ziko gba àmì-ayò méjì wọlé lòdì sí ẹgbẹ́ Ismaily; eré náà parí pẹ̀lú àbájáde 2–0.[1] Ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Kejì, ó gba àmì-ayò kan wọlé, ó sì tún ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún àmì-ayò mìíràn nínú ìṣẹ́gun 1–2 lórí ẹgbẹ́ Ghazl El Mahalla..<ref name="sr.hm">{{Cite news|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2023/2/5/زيكو-رجل-مباراة-غزل-المحلة-وحرس-الحدود/6073779|title="زيكو" رجل مباراة غزل المحلة وحرس الحدود|lang=ar|trans-title="Zick" named Man of the Match in the Ghazl El-Mahalla vs. Haras El-Hodoud game|work=[[Youm7]]|access-date=27 July 2026}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Kẹta, Ziko gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó dára jùlọ nínú eré náà fún ipa tó kó nínú ìdíje tí kò sí ẹni tí ó gba àmì-ayò wọlé (tí ó parí sí 0-0) pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ Cleopatra FC..<ref name="CCFc">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/458178/الرابعة-من-أصل-9-مصطفى-زيكو-رجل-مباراة-الحدود-وسيراميكا|title=الرابعة من أصل 9.. مصطفى زيكو رجل مباراة الحدود وسيراميكا|trans-title=Fourth out of 9... Mostafa Zico named Man of the Match in Haras El Hodoud vs. Ceramica clash|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=5 March 2023}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn tí ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù náà ti pinnu iye owó tí wọ́n yóò fi tú u sílẹ̀ (release clause) sí mílíọ̀nù 40 pọ́ọ̀ndì ilẹ̀ Egypt, Ziko sọ ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2023 pé: "Ẹnu yà mí sí bí ẹgbẹ́ Haras El Hodoud ṣe béèrè fún mílíọ̀nù 40 pọ́ọ̀ndì láti jẹ́ kí n kúrò; mo gbàgbọ́ pé kò sí agbábọ́ọ̀lù kankan ní ilẹ̀ Egypt tó tó iye owó yẹn."."<ref name="40m">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/459265/زيكو-تفاجأت-بطلب-الحدود-40-مليون-لبيعي-لا-يوجد-لاعب-في-مصر-يستحق-هذا-المبلغ|title=زيكو: تفاجأت بطلب الحدود 40 مليون لبيعي.. لا يوجد لاعب في مصر يستحق هذا المبلغ|trans-title=Ziko: I was surprised by Haras El Hodoud asking 40 million for my transfer... No player in Egypt is worth that amount|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=22 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="OFFERSa">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/510551/زد-يعلن-تلقيه-4-عروض-لرحيل-زيكو|title=زد يعلن تلقيه 4 عروض لرحيل زيكو|trans-title=ZED announces receiving four offers for Ziko's departure|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=24 July 2026|date=4 August 2025}}</ref><ref name="ssFG">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/510482/خبر-في-الجول-صابر-ونبيه-ضمن-الصفقة-بيراميدز-يتوصل-لاتفاق-مع-زد-لضم-زيكو|title=خبر في الجول - صابر ونبيه ضمن الصفقة.. بيراميدز يتوصل لاتفاق مع زد لضم زيكو|trans-title=FilGoal Exclusive: Saber and Nabih Included in the Deal – Pyramids Reach Agreement with ZED to Sign Zico|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|first=Amr|last=Nabil|access-date=24 July 2026|date=3 August 2025}}</ref> Ó tún sọ pé: "Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ báyìí, a ti dájú láti gbé ẹgbẹ́ náà jáde kúrò nínú ipò tí kò dára tí ó wà, nítorí pé Haras El Hodoud jẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ tó ní ìtàn gbígba àwọn oyè, ipò tí ó sì wà báyìí kò yẹ ẹ́ rárá."t."<ref name="40m" /> ] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù Karùn-ún, ó gba bọ́ọ̀lù ìjìyà (penalty) wọlé, ó sì tún ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún góòlù kan nínú eré tí wọ́n fi 1–3 ṣẹ́gun wọn ní ọwọ́ Tala'ea El Gaish..<ref name="fr.hm1">{{Cite news|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/en/soccer/match/2023-05-04/haras-el-hodood-sc-vs-talaea-el-gaish-sc/2987689|title=d Haras El Hodoud SC 2–3 Tala'ea El Gaish SC|lang=en|work=GSA|access-date=27 July 2026}}</ref> Lapapọ, ni gbogbo akoko, Zico gba ami-ẹri ọkunrin ti ere ni awọn akoko 7 - diẹ sii ju eyikeyi oṣere miiran lọ ni 2022–23 Premier League Egypt.<ref name="304a" /> Ní ti àkókò tí wọ́n máa ń ta tàbí ra agbábọ́ọ̀lù ní ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn tó tẹ̀lé e, arákùnrin Ziko, ìyẹn Mohamed Abdel-Raouf, sọ nígbà tó yá pé: "Arákùnrin mi gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìpèsè kí wọ́n tó gbé ẹgbẹ́ Haras El Hodoud lọ sí Premier League, ṣùgbọ́n ẹgbẹ́ náà tẹnumọ́ pé àwọn fẹ́ dá a dúró, wọn kò sì gbà kí ó lọ."."<ref name="VitFil" /> Ní ọdún 2025, Amr Abdel Moneim ti FilGoal kọ̀wé pé ní Haras, "Ziko fi agbára rẹ̀ hàn fún gbogbo lìgì bọọlu ti ilẹ̀ Egypt; bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé ó ń gbá bọọlu fún ẹgbẹ́ kan tí ó máa ń tiraka nígbà gbogbo láti yẹra fún sísọ̀kalẹ̀ lọ sí ìpele tí ó kéré sí èyí tí wọ́n wà, ó tayọ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn agbábọọlu tí ó dára jùlọ nínú lìgì náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìṣirò ṣe fi hàn."."<ref name="304a" /> === ZED === ==== 2023–24: ZED top scorer and Egypt Cup final ==== Ní oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2023, Ziko dara pọ̀ mọ́ ZED FC láti ọ̀dọ̀ Haras El Hodoud pẹ̀lú àdéhùn àkókò eré márùn-ún.,<ref name="n">{{cite web|url=https://egyptianproleague.com/league/scorrer|title=دوري نايل 2023/24 - ترتيب الهدافين|trans-title=2023/24 Nile League - Top goalscorers|lang=ar|publisher=EPL|access-date=13 March 2024}}</ref><ref name="5s">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/466923/خبر-في-الجول-زد-يتمم-اتفاقه-مع-زيكو-وإسلام-عبد-الله-ثنائي-حرس-الحدود|title=خبر في الجول - زد يتمم اتفاقه مع زيكو وإسلام عبد الله ثنائي حرس الحدود|trans-title=FilGoal Exclusive – ZED FC Finalizes Deal for Haras El Hodoud Duo "Ziko" and Islam Abdallah|lang=ar|first=Reda|work=[[FilGoal]]|last=El-Sonbaty|access-date=25 July 2026|date=7 August 2023}}</ref> mu nọmba ẹgbẹ 10.<ref name="s10">{{Cite news|url=https://dz.ma/players-football/mostafa-ziko.html|title=مصطفى عبد الرؤوف زيكو Mostafa Ziko مهاجم نادي زد اف سي|trans-title=Mostafa Abdel Raouf "Ziko" – ZED FC striker|lang=ar|work=DZ|access-date=27 July 2026}}</ref> Haras lẹhinna fowo si arakunrin arakunrin rẹ, Mohamed Abdel-Raouf, lati Tanta.<ref name="ssFG" /> ] Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù Kẹsàn-án, Ziko ṣí i payá pé òun ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ dara pọ̀ mọ́ Al Masry, "ṣùgbọ́n ZED parí àdéhùn náà ní àkókò tó kẹ́yìn."<ref name="almasry">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/468923/زيكو-زد-خطفني-من-المصري-في-اللحظات-الأخيرة-وكنت-أتمنى-مقابلة-محمد-صلاح|title=زيكو: زد خطفني من المصري في اللحظات الأخيرة.. وكنت أتمنى مقابلة محمد صلاح|trans-title=Ziko: ZED Snatched Me from Al Masry at the Last Minute... I Had Hoped to Meet Mohamed Salah|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=11 September 2023}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Kẹwa, Ziko gba góòlù méjì nínú eré tí ó parí sí ìdọ́gba 3–3 pẹ̀lú Baladiyat.t.<ref name="Baladiyat">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/470304/6-أهداف-وطرد-بداية-زد-المثالية-تصطدم-بتعادل-أمام-بلدية-المحلة|first=Islam|last=Ahmed|title=6 أهداف وطرد.. بداية زد المثالية تصطدم بتعادل أمام بلدية المحلة|trans-title=Six Goals and a Red Card: ZED's Perfect Start Halted by Draw Against Baladiyat El-Mahalla|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=5 October 2023}}</ref> Ni 22 Oṣu Kẹwa, Ziko gba ijiya kan ni iyaworan 3–3 si Al Mokawloon; Ere naa ṣeto igbasilẹ fun awọn ijiya pupọ julọ ni Premier League Egypt, pẹlu 5.<ref name="El Mokawloon">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/471213|title=رقم لم يتحقق منذ 24 عاما.. المقاولون يتعادل مع زد بثلاثية في موقعة ركلات الجزاء|trans-title=A record unmatched in 24 years: Al Mokawloon draws 3-3 with ZED in a penalty-filled clash|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=22 October 2023}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹwa, ó gba góòlù kan nínú eré tí ó parí sí ìdọ́gba 1–1 pẹ̀lú Smouha, nípa lílo àǹfààní àṣìṣe tí olùṣọ́-àwọ̀n El Hany Soliman ṣe..<ref name="SmouhaSC">{{Cite news|url=https://www.btolat.com/news/328987|title=التعادل الإيجابي يحسم مباراة سموحة وزد في الدوري المصري|first=Ahmed|last=Owais|trans-title=Smouha vs. ZED Match in Egyptian League Ends in a Draw|work=btolat.com|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=28 October 2023}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2023, Ziko gba bọ́ọ̀lù wọlé nínú ìṣẹ́gun 1–2 tí wọ́n fi padà bọ̀ láti borí Zamalek; èyí sì jẹ́ ìṣẹ́gun àkọ́kọ́ rí tí ZED ní lórí ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù yẹn..<ref name="comeback">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/471914/زيكو-عودتنا-أمام-الزمالك-من-صفات-الكبار|title=زيكو: عودتنا أمام الزمالك من صفات الكبار|trans-title=Our comeback against Zamalek is a mark of a big team|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=3 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="comeback2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/471910|title=فوز أول تاريخي.. عودة زد تكتب خسارة الزمالك الثانية على التوالي|trans-title=A Historic First Win: ZED's Comeback Hands Zamalek Their Second Consecutive Defeat|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=3 November 2023}}</ref> Nítorí náà, Ziko gba góòlù karùn-ún rẹ̀ nínú eré mẹ́rin tí wọ́n tẹ̀lé ara wọn,[1] ó sì gbé ara rẹ̀ sí ipò tí ó wà lẹ́yìn Mabululu ti Al Ittihad nínú ìdíje láti di agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí ó ti gba góòlù jùlọ nínú lìígì náà..<ref name="comeback" /> Nígbà tí ó ń bá ON Time Sports sọ̀rọ̀ lẹ́yìn ìdíje náà, Ziko sọ pé: "Wọ́n gbá àfẹ́sẹ̀gbá wọlé sí wa ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ gan-an, láàrin ìṣẹ́jú márùn-ún àkọ́kọ́, ṣùgbọ́n láti lè padà wá borí ẹgbẹ́ tó lágbára bíi Zamalek jẹ́ àmì pàtàkì ti ẹgbẹ́ tó wà ní ipò gíga."."<ref name="comeback" /> Ni ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dógún oṣù Kejìlá, Ziko gba góòlù nípasẹ̀ ìyọ̀ǹda ìjìyà (penalty) sí àwọ̀n Pharco, èyí sì mú kí wọ́n borí nínú eré náà pẹ̀lú àbájáde 1–2.2.<ref name="Pharco1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/474416|title=زد ينقض على وصافة الدوري بعودة الشوط الثاني أمام فاركو|trans-title=ZED pounces on second place in the league with a second-half comeback against Pharco|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=15 December 2023}}</ref> Nítorí náà, ó dé ipò gíga jùlọ nínú àtòjọ àwọn tó ń gba góòlù nínú lìgì pẹ̀lú góòlù mẹ́fà, ó sì dọ́gba pẹ̀lú Mabululu, Hossam Ashraf ti Baladiyat, àti Ahmed Belhadji ti Gouna..<ref name="Pharco1" /> Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2023, Ziko gba góòlù kan nínú ìṣẹ́gun 3–1 tí wọ́n ní lórí El Dakhleya nínú ìdíje lìgì, èyí sì sọ ọ́ di ẹni tí ó ti gba góòlù púpọ̀ jùlọ nínú lìgì náà..<ref name="topscorer initially">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/475148/زيكو-أشعر-بالسعادة-لأنني-هداف-الدوري-وزد-المتصدر-وهذا-موقفي-من-العروض|title=زيكو: أشعر بالسعادة لأنني هداف الدوري وزد المتصدر.. وهذا موقفي من العروض|trans-title=Zico: I'm happy to be the league’s top scorer and for ZED to be leading the table... Here is my stance on transfer offers|first=Amr|last=Nabil|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=27 December 2023}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn ìdíje náà, nígbà tó ń bá ON Time Sports sọ̀rọ̀, Ziko sọ pé: "ZED ló wà ní ipò kìíní nínú lìgì náà, èmi sì ni agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó ti gba àmì-ayò tó pọ̀ jùlọ; inú mi dùn gan-an nípa èyí." Nígbà tí wọ́n béèrè lọ́wọ́ rẹ̀ nípa àwọn ìpèsè láti lọ sí ẹgbẹ́ mìíràn, ó dáhùn pé: "Mo wà lára ​​ẹgbẹ́ kan tó lágbára tó sì dọ́gba pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mìíràn nínú lìgì náà. Inú mi dùn ní ZED; àwọn olùdarí máa ń pèsè gbogbo ohun tí àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù nílò. Mo wà ní ìlànà ẹgbẹ́ náà – bóyá mo kúrò lẹ́yìn tí mo bá gba ìpèsè tó dára tàbí kí n dúró pẹ̀lú ZED, inú mi yóò dùn ní ọ̀nà méjèèjì."."<ref name="topscorer initially" /> Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 2024, Ziko gba góòlù kan láti inú ìyọ̀ǹda ìjìyà (penalty) nínú ìṣẹ́gun 0–3 lórí Baladiyat.;<ref name="Akhbar el-Yom.1">{{Cite news|url=https://akhbarelyom.com/news/newdetails/4353049/1/زد-يواصل-سلسلة-الانتصارات-بالدوري-بثلاثي|title=زد يواصل سلسلة الانتصارات بالدوري بثلاثية في بلدية المحلة|trans-title=ZED FC Continues League Winning Streak with a 3-0 Victory over Baladiyat El-Mahalla|first=Amira|last=Anwar|work=[[Akhbar el-Yom]]|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=27 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="Akhbar El-syaha.1">{{Cite news|url=https://akhbarelsyaha.com/2024/04/271218.html|title=زد يكتسح بلدية المحلة ويقتنص الوصافة|trans-title=ZED Routs Baladiyat El-Mahalla and Claims Second Place|work=Akhbar El-syaha|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=27 April 2024}}</ref> Akhbar El-syaha royin pe o "pada si atokọ awọn ti o n gba ami-ayò wọle" lẹhin igba diẹ ti ko tii gba ami-ayò kankan wọle.[1] Pẹlu ami-ayò mẹjọ ninu liigi, o wa lẹhin Mabululu ati Ashraf, ti olukuluku wọn ni ami-ayò mọkanla..<ref name="Akhbar El-syaha.1" /> Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Karùn-ún, Ziko gba góòlù kan ní ìṣẹ́jú kẹrìndínlọ́gọ́rùn-ún ó lé mẹ́fà (90+6) láti dọ́gba àmì ayò nípasẹ̀ ìlù bọ́ọ̀lù lójijì (volley) lòdì sí ẹgbẹ́ El Dakhleya nínú ìpele àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n (round of 32) ti ìdíje Egypt Cup; èyí sì ran ẹgbẹ́ ZED lọ́wọ́ láti borí pẹ̀lú àmì ayò 2–1 lẹ́yìn àfikún àkókò eré. Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹfà, ó gba góòlù kan, ó sì tún ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún góòlù mìíràn nínú ìṣẹ́gun ńlá pẹ̀lú àmì ayò 4–1 lórí ẹgbẹ́ Talaea El Gaish.;<ref name="youm7.1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/6/27/أهداف-مباراة-نادي-زد-وطلائع-الجيش-4-1-فى-دوري/6621148|title=أهداف مباراة نادي زد وطلائع الجيش 4-1 فى دوري نايل.. فيديو|trans-title=Highlights of the ZED FC vs. Tala'ea El Gaish match (4-1) in the Nile League... Video|work=[[Youm7]]|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=27 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="vg.1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.vetogate.com/5182899|title=الدوري الممتاز، مصطفى زيكو أفضل لاعب في مباراة زد وطلائع الجيش|trans-title=Premier League: Mostafa Zico Named Man of the Match in ZED vs. Tala'ea El Gaish|work=Veto Gate|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=27 June 2024}}</ref> Ó tún ṣe àṣeyọrí náà nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun ENPPI pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò 1–4 ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélógún oṣù Keje.[1] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù Kẹjọ, ó gba àmì-ayò kan "pẹ̀lú lílo orí fi agbára kọ bọ́ọ̀lù" nígbà tí Pyramids ṣẹ́gun wọn pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò 2–1..<ref name="fg1.2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/487651/بيراميدز-ينتصر-على-زد-ويؤجل-تتويج-الأهلي-بالدوري|title=بيراميدز ينتصر على زد ويؤجل تتويج الأهلي بالدوري|trans-title=Pyramids defeat ZED, delaying Al Ahly's league title win|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=4 August 2024}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù Kẹjọ, ó gba góòlù kan ṣoṣo náà pẹ̀lú lílo orí rẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Al Masry pẹ̀lú àbájáde 1–0; èyí sì jẹ́ ìṣẹ́gun àkọ́kọ́ tí ZED yóò ní lórí ẹgbẹ́ náà, ó sì tún fòpin sí àkókò tí wọ́n ti pàdánù nínú eré mẹ́ta ní títẹ̀lé-n-tẹ̀lé..<ref name="fg1.22">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/488279/رأسية-زيكو-تكتب-ما-يحدث-لأول-مرة-في-مواجهات-زد-أمام-المصري|title=رأسية زيكو تكتب ما يحدث لأول مرة في مواجهات زد أمام المصري|trans-title=Zico's header marks a first in matches between ZED and Al Masry|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=26 July 2026|date=4 August 2024}}</ref> Ni ọjọ́ kẹta-dín-lọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2024, ẹgbẹ́ ZED ti Ziko pàdánù pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò kan sí òdo (1–0) lọ́wọ́ Pyramids nínú ìdíje ìparí Egypt Cup..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/6/531026/Sports/Pyramids-FC-break-finals-jinx-to-claim-first-ever-.aspx|title=Pyramids FC break finals jinx to claim first ever Egypt Cup title|work=[[Al-Ahram|Al Ahram Online]]|date=30 August 2024|accessdate=2 September 2024}}</ref> Awọn oniroyin kọwe pe, ni gbogbo akoko idije naa, Ziko ti fi ara rẹ han gẹgẹbi ọkan ninu awọn agbabọọlu apa ti o munadoko julọ ni Ajumọṣe Premier ti ilẹ Egipti.;<ref name="304a" /> Ziko parí sáà náà pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò méjìlá nínú ìdíje lìígì, èyí tí ó túmọ̀ sí pé òun ni agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí ó ṣe pàtàkì jùlọ fún ẹgbẹ́ ZED, tí ó sì tún wà lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́rin tí wọ́n jọ pín ipò kẹrin nínú àwọn tí ó gba àmì-ayò púpọ̀ jùlọ nínú lìígì náà.r.<ref name="goal1ia..22">{{Cite news|url=https://www.goal.com/ar-eg/أخبار/جدول-ترتيب-هدافي-الدوري-المصري-2023-2024/bltccc3217d9fdeaeae|title=جدول ترتيب هدافي الدوري المصري 2023-2024|trans-title=2023–2024 Egyptian League Top Scorers Table|work=[[Goal.com|Goal]]|lang=ar|first=Bilal|last=Mohamed|access-date=27 July 2026|date=18 August 2024}}</ref> Islam Ahmed ti FilGoal royin pe Ziko tun jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ti wọn gba iye ifiyajija (penalty) ti o pọ julọ, ti o si tun jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ti wọn ṣe ifihan ninu awọn ere ti o pọ julọ ninu liigi naa..<ref name="fg1ia..22">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/488547|title=الشيبي والشناوي وكالوشا ووسام.. أبرز أرقام الدوري المصري موسم 2023-24|trans-title=Al-Chibi, El-Shenawy, Kalousha, and Wissam: Key stats from the 2023–24 Egyptian League season|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|first=Islam|last=Ahmed|access-date=27 July 2026|date=19 August 2024}}</ref> ==== 2024–25: ZED top scorer ==== Ni ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kẹwa ọdún 2024, FilGoal ròyìn pé Olùdarí Eré-ìdárayá ti ẹgbẹ́ Al Ahly, Mohamed Ramadan, ń gbìyànjú láti yí olùkọ́ni àgbà Marcel Koller lọ́kàn padà láti fọwọ́ sí gbígba àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù méjì láti ẹgbẹ́ ZED, ìyẹn Ziko àti Abdelrahman El Banouby, kí àkókò ìgbàgbọ́ọ̀lù-yí-ẹgbẹ́-padà tó parí ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹwa..<ref name="ALKOLLER">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/491854/في-الجول-يكشف-كيف-يخطط-الأهلي-للتعاقدات-قبل-غلق-باب-القيد|title=في الجول يكشف كيف يخطط الأهلي للتعاقدات قبل غلق باب القيد|trans-title=FilGoal Reveals Al Ahly's Transfer Plans Before the Registration Window Closes|first=Ahmed|last=El-Khouli|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=12 October 2024}}</ref> In November, ZED's [[Chief executive officer|CEO]], Ahmed Abdallah, noted external interest in Ziko, saying: "[[Pyramids FC]] was the most persistent in seeking Ziko, followed by [[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]], and finally Al Ahly."<ref name="ZEDCEO">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/493389/مدير-زد-التنفيذي-لـ-في-الجول-ما-فعلناه-مع-الزمالك-حدث-مع-الأهلي-وبيراميدز-وهذا-طموحنا-الموسم-الحالي|title=مدير زد التنفيذي لـ في الجول: ما فعلناه مع الزمالك حدث مع الأهلي وبيراميدز.. وهذا طموحنا الموسم الحالي|trans-title=ZED FC CEO to FilGoal: What we did with Zamalek, we also did with Al Ahly and Pyramids... and here is our ambition for the current season|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=25 July 2026|date=6 November 2024}}</ref> On 30 November, Ziko scored in a 2–0 win over his former club [[Haras El Hodoud SC|Haras El Hodoud]],<ref name="former">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/495012/زد-يبدأ-مشواره-انتصاراته-في-الدوري-بثنائية-البانوبي-وزيكو-ضد-حرس-الحدود|title=زد يبدأ مشواره انتصاراته في الدوري بثنائية البانوبي وزيكو ضد حرس الحدود|trans-title=ZED kicks off its league wins with a brace from El-Banouby and a goal from Ziko against Haras El-Hodoud|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=30 November 2024}}</ref> helping ZED to its first league win that season.<ref name="former2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/11/30/زد-يفوز-على-حرس-الحدود-بثنائية-ويحقق-انتصاره-الأول-فى/6795450|title=زد يفوز على حرس الحدود بثنائية ويحقق انتصاره الأول فى الدورى|trans-title=ZED Beats Haras El Hodoud 2–0 to Secure First League Win|work=[[Youm7]]|first=Soliman|last=El-Naqar|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=30 November 2024}}</ref> On 28 January 2025, Ziko netted in a 2–1 loss against [[Smouha SC|Smouha]].<ref name="Smouha.1.1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497644/ثنائية-أمادي-تنقذ-الموج-الأزرق-سموحة-يستعيد-نغمة-الانتصارات-في-الدوري-بفوز-مثير|title=ثنائية أمادي تنقذ الموج الأزرق.. سموحة يستعيد نغمة الانتصارات في الدوري بفوز مثير|trans-title=Amadi’s brace saves the "Blue Wave"... Smouha returns to winning ways in the league with a thrilling victory|work=Yallakora|first=Mohamed|last=Galal|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=28 January 2025}}</ref> On 12 February, Ziko scored "arguably the league's best goal of the season – a spectacular bicycle kick – in the 69th minute" of a 1–1 draw against [[Ceramica Cleopatra FC|Cleopatra FC]].<ref name="cleo.">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/499842|title=بهدف خرافي من زيكو.. تعادل معتاد بين سيراميكا كليوباترا وزد في الدوري|trans-title=Video: A spectacular goal by Zico... A familiar draw between Ceramica Cleopatra and ZED in the League|work=[[FilGoal]]|first=Mohamed|last=Samir|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=12 February 2025}}</ref> Ziko had a second goal in the 95th minute ruled out for offside.<ref name="cleo." /> On 27 February, Ziko scored in a 1–1 draw to Zamalek.<ref name="zam.">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/videos/48188|title=ملخص تعادل الزمالك أمام زد 1-1 (الدوري المصري)|trans-title=Highlights: Zamalek 1-1 ZED (Egyptian League)|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=27 February 2025}}</ref> On 11 May 2025, Ziko scored and assisted in a 2–2 draw to [[Modern Sport FC|Modern Sport]].<ref name="mos.">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/505080|title=انتهت الدوري - الجونة (0)-(1) الجيش.. وزد (2)-(2) مودرن|trans-title=League matches concluded: El Gouna 0–1 El Gaish, and ZED 2–2 Modern|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=11 May 2025}}</ref><ref name="mos.matchreport">{{Cite news|url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/match/102328/زد-مودرن-سبورت-الدوري-المصري|title=ZED 2–2 Modern Sport|work=Yallakora|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=11 May 2025}}</ref> He scored in his next match, netting in a 1–1 draw to [[ENPPI SC|ENPPI]] on 25 May.<ref name="enp.youm">{{Cite news|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2025/5/25/زد-يتقدم-على-إنبى-بهدف-زيكو-فى-الشوط-الأول-بدورى/6999865|title=زد يتقدم على إنبى بهدف زيكو فى الشوط الأول بدورى نايل|trans-title=ZED takes the lead against Enppi with a goal from Zico in the first half of the Nile League match|work=[[Youm7]]|lang=ar|access-date=27 July 2026|date=25 May 2025}}</ref> Ziko again finished as the club's [[2024–25 ZED FC season#Top goalscorer|top scorer]] in the 2024–25 season, scoring 6 times.<ref name="n" /> At the end of the season, ZED reportedly received offers for Ziko from three Egyptian clubs, including Zamalek and Pyramids, and a Gulf-based side.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/zed-fc-confirm-offers-mostafa-ziko/|title=ZED FC confirm multiple offers for star winger Mostafa Ziko|work=Pan Africa Football|date=4 August 2025|access-date=31 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="OFFERSa" /> Although reports from 3 August said that Pyramids and ZED had agreed a transfer for Ziko,<ref name="ssFG" /> on 4 August ZED released an official statement, saying: "The club's management is currently evaluating all available options, and an appropriate decision will be made in the coming hours."<ref name="OFFERSa" /> Ziko transferred to Pyramids on 7 August.<ref name="p.">{{Cite news|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/6/550892/Sports/Pyramids-FC-land-ZED-FC-forward-Mostafa-Ziko.aspx|title=Pyramids FC land ZED FC forward Mostafa Ziko|work=[[Al-Ahram|Ahram Online]]|date=7 August 2025|access-date=1 May 2026}}</ref> === Pyramids === ==== 2025–2026: First season and three titles ==== On 7 August 2025, Ziko signed for [[Pyramids FC]] on a contract lasting until June 2029, joining a side that had won their first-ever [[CAF Champions League]] title [[2024–25 CAF Champions League|earlier that year]].<ref name="p." /> He therefore became Pyramids' second signing of the summer, following [[Ewerton (footballer, born 1996)|Ewerton]].<ref name="ssFG" /> The deal was reportedly worth 35 million [[Egyptian pound|Egyptian pounds]] and included the loan of [[Mahmoud Saber]] and the sale of [[Youssef Osama]] to [[ZED FC|ZED]].<ref name="Ta">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/510746/كما-انفرد-في-الجول-لا-يمكن-مراقبته-حتى-بالكاميرات-بيراميدز-يضم-زيكو|title=كما انفرد في الجول - "لا يمكن مراقبته حتى بالكاميرات".. بيراميدز يضم زيكو|trans-title=As exclusively reported by FilGoal - "He can't even be monitored by cameras"... Pyramids signs Zico|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|first=Amr|last=Nabil|access-date=24 July 2026|date=7 August 2025}}</ref> Ziko scored his first goal in the [[FIFA Intercontinental Cup]], and first Pyramids goal, on 14 September in a [[2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup#First round|3–0 victory]] over [[Auckland City FC|Auckland City]], with "a composed finish in the 85th minute".<ref name="intercontinental1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.oceaniafootball.com/pyramids-too-strong-for-auckland-city-in-fifa-intercontinental-cup-2025-play-off/|title=Pyramids Too Strong for Auckland City in FIFA Intercontinental Cup 2025 Play-Off|work=[[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> Ziko scored his first Pyramids league goal on 18 September, heading in the winner in a 1–0 victory over his former club ZED.<ref name="pan.zed">{{Cite news|url=https://panafricafootball.com/article/pyramids-fc-edge-zed-with-zikos-decisive-header-in-nile-egyptian-league|title=Pyramids Too Strong for Auckland City in FIFA Intercontinental Cup 2025 Play-Off|work=Pan Africa Football|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> On 23 September, Ziko was an unused substitute as Pyramids won the [[2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup#African–Asian–Pacific Cup|African–Asian–Pacific Cup]] 1–3 against [[Al-Ahli Saudi FC|Al-Ahli]],<ref name="intercontinental2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2025/09/23/pyramids-cruise-past-al-ahli-in-fifa-intercontinental-cup/#google_vignette|first=Saher|last=Ahmed|title=Pyramids cruise past Al Ahli in FIFA Intercontinental Cup|work=[[KingFut]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="intercontinental3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/egypts-pyramids-beat-al-ahli-secure-african-asian-pacific-cup-title-2025-09-23/|title=Egypt’s Pyramids beat Al-Ahli to secure African-Asian-Pacific Cup title|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> the club's first international title.<ref name="intercontinental2" /> On 5 October, Ziko opened the scoring in a 3–0 win "with a well-taken finish from inside the box" against [[APR F.C.|APR FC]] in the [[2025–26 CAF Champions League qualifying rounds#FR03.2|first round]] of the [[2025–26 CAF Champions League]].<ref name="caf1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-champions-league/news/pyramids-ease-past-apr-to-reach-totalenergies-caf-champions-league-second-round/|title=Pyramids ease past APR to reach TotalEnergies CAF Champions League second round|work=[[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="aprA">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/514747/زيكو-الفوز-على-الجيش-الرواندي-لا-يعكس-صعوبة-المباراة|title=زيكو: الفوز على الجيش الرواندي لا يعكس صعوبة المباراة|trans-title=Ziko: Victory Over APR FC Doesn't Reflect the Match's Difficulty|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=24 July 2026|date=5 October 2025}}</ref> In his post-match interview, Ziko said: "The scoreline might make it look like an easy match, but on the contrary, APR FC has good players, and the game was difficult."<ref name="aprA" /> He added: "This match was special for me as it was my first appearance [in the CAF Champions League], and I also scored my first goal in the tournament."<ref name="aprA" /> On 18 October, Ziko was an unused substitute as Pyramids won the [[2025 CAF Super Cup]] 1–0 against [[RS Berkane]].<ref name="caf.bein">{{Cite news|url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/caf-super-cup/articles/pyramids-fc-make-history-with-maiden-caf-super-cup-triumph-2025-10-18|title=Pyramids FC Make History With Maiden CAF Super Cup Triumph|work=[[beIN Sports]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="caf.reut">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/pyramids-score-late-win-african-super-cup-2025-10-18/|title=Pyramids score late to win African Super Cup|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="caf.kf">{{Cite news|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2025/10/18/pyramids-fc-clinch-caf-super-cup-crown/|title=Pyramids FC clinch CAF Super Cup crown|first=Saher|last=Ahmed|work=[[KingFut]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="caf.365">{{Cite news|url=https://www.365scores.com/football/match/caf-super-cup-5581/pyramids-rsb-berkane-9974-22143-5581|title=Pyramids 1–0 RS Berkane|work=365 scores|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> On 30 October, Ziko scored in Pyramids' [[2025–26 CAF Champions League qualifying rounds#SR02.2|2–0]] CAF Champions League win over [[Ethiopian Insurance FC|Ethiopian Insurance]].<ref name="caf2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-champions-league/news/title-holders-pyramids-cruise-into-totalenergies-caf-champions-league-group-stage/|title=Title holders Pyramids cruise into TotalEnergies CAF Champions League group stage|work=[[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> Ziko scored in Pyramids' 2–1 loss to [[Ceramica Cleopatra FC|Cleopatra FC]] in the [[2025 Egyptian Super Cup#Third place match|third-place play-off]] of the [[2025 Egyptian Super Cup]] on 9 November.<ref name="Egypt.super.al.a">{{Cite news|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/556542/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Belhadj-penalties-give-Ceramica--win-over-Pyramids.aspx|title=Belhadj penalties give Ceramica 2-1 win over Pyramids in Super Cup third-place match|work=[[Al-Ahram|Ahram Online]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> Ziko scored his first brace in a 2–2 draw against [[Petrojet SC|Petrojet]] on 6 December.<ref name="petrojet.p.a.f">{{Cite news|url=https://panafricafootball.com/article/nile-league-pyramids-fc-drop-points-at-petrojet|title=Nile League: Pyramids FC drop points at Petrojet|first=Andrew|last=Olsson|work=Pan Africa Football|access-date=24 July 2026}}</ref> On 11 December, before the upcoming [[2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup#Challenger Cup|Challenger Cup]] match against [[CR Flamengo|Flamengo]], Ziko said that it was "a great honour" to face the side where his namesake [[Zico (footballer)|Zico]] played.<ref name="FMFLa">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/518993/زيكو-والدي-حكى-لي-عن-أسطورة-فلامنجو-وسعيد-بمواجهة-الفريق-الذي-مثله-كلاعب|title=زيكو: والدي حكى لي عن أسطورة فلامنجو.. وسعيد بمواجهة الفريق الذي مثله كلاعب|trans-title=Ziko: My father told me about the Flamengo legend... and I am happy to face the team he represented as a player|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|first=Hamed|last=Wagdy|access-date=24 July 2026|date=11 December 2025}}</ref> On 13 December, Ziko played 74 minutes of the match; Pyramids lost 2–0.<ref name="Egypt.interc.al.a">{{Cite news|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/558576.aspx|title=Pyramids FC lose 2-0 to Flamengo in FIFA Intercontinental Cup|work=[[Al-Ahram|Ahram Online]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> On 22 December, Ziko scored in a 2–0 win over [[FC Masar|Masar]] in the round of 32 in the 2025–26 [[Egypt Cup]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2025/12/22/بيراميدز-يهزم-مسار-بثنائية-زيكو-وعبد-الرحمن-مجدى-ويتأهل-لدور/7243254|title=بيراميدز يهزم مسار بثنائية زيكو وعبد الرحمن مجدى ويتأهل لدور الـ 16 بكأس مصر|trans-title=Pyramids defeats Masar with a brace from Zico and Abdel Rahman Magdy, advancing to the Egypt Cup Round of 16|work=[[Youm7]]|lang=ar|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> On 20 January 2026, Ziko scored in a 3–0 win over [[El Gouna FC|Gouna]] in the round of 16 in the Egypt Cup.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.maspero.eg/sport/2026/01/20/922133/بيراميدز-إلى-ربع-نهائي-كأس-مصر-بثلاثية-في-الجونة|title=بيراميدز إلى ربع نهائي كأس مصر بثلاثية في الجونة|trans-title=Pyramids reach Egypt Cup quarter-finals with 3-0 win over El Gouna|work=Maspero|lang=ar|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> He scored in his second consecutive league match in a 1–1 draw to Gouna on 28 January.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2026/1/28/بيراميدز-يتعادل-أمام-الجونة-بهدف-لمثله-ويفقد-نقطتين-فى-سباق/7285408|title=بيراميدز يتعادل أمام الجونة بهدف لمثله ويفقد نقطتين فى سباق الصدارة على الدورى|trans-title=Pyramids draws 1-1 with El Gouna, dropping two points in the race for the league lead|work=[[Youm7]]|first=Haitham|last=Owais|lang=ar|access-date=24 July 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/522223/التعادل-الثاني-الجونة-يفرض-التعادل-على-بيراميدز|title=التعادل الثاني.. الجونة يفرض التعادل على بيراميدز|trans-title=Second draw... El Gouna holds Pyramids to a draw|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=24 July 2026}}</ref> On 14 February, Ziko scored his final CAF Champions League goal of the season in a [[2025–26 CAF Champions League group stage#Pyramids v Power Dynamos|3–1 win]] over [[Power Dynamos F.C.|Power Dynamos]], helping Pyramids progress from [[2025–26 CAF Champions League#Group A|Group A]].<ref name="caf3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-champions-league/news/defending-champions-pyramids-fc-joined-by-berkane-in-totalenergies-caf-champions-league-quarter-finals/|title=Defending champions Pyramids FC joined by Berkane in TotalEnergies CAF Champions League quarter-finals|work=[[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> On 1 March, Pyramids exited the CAF Champions League after a 1–2 loss to [[AS FAR]].<ref name="caf4">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-champions-league/news/far-rabat-knock-out-title-holders-pyramids-to-reach-totalenergies-caf-champions-league-semi-finals/|title=FAR Rabat knock out title holders Pyramids to reach TotalEnergies CAF Champions League semi-finals|work=[[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> On 3 April, Ziko scored and assisted in a 4–0 rout of [[ENPPI SC|ENPPI]] in the semi-final of the Egypt Cup.<ref name="Egypt.cup.yahoo">{{Cite news|url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/pyramids-thrash-pyramids-reach-egyptian-163344699.html|title=Pyramids thrash ENPPI to reach the Egyptian Cup final|work=[[Goal.com]]|via=[[Yahoo Sports]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Egypt.cup.goal">{{Cite news|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/pyramids-thrash-enppi-to-reach-the-egyptian-cup-final/blt9f5249ea26520dc2|title=Pyramids thrash ENPPI to reach the Egyptian Cup final|first=Abdelmawgood|last=Samir|work=[[Goal.com]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Egypt.cup.p.a.f">{{Cite news|url=https://panafricafootball.com/article/pyramids-cruise-past-enppi-4-0-to-reach-egypt-cup-final|title=Pyramids cruise past ENPPI 4-0 to reach Egypt Cup final|first=Hossam|last=Ahmed|work=Pan Africa Football|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> Hence, Pyramids progressed to the final against ZED, a repeat of the [[2024 Egypt Cup final|2024 final]] in which Ziko was on the losing side.<ref name="Egypt.cup.yahoo" /><ref name="Egypt.cup.goal" /> On 1 May, Ziko scored a second brace in a 3–2 win against ENPPI; Amr Osama of ''Yallakora'' wrote that "Mostafa Ziko has emerged as Pyramids' 'savior' for the fourth time this league season", citing his previous contributions against ZED, Petrojet and Gouna.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2977/news/549351/المرة-الرابعة-مصطفى-زيكو-ي-نقذ-بيراميدز-في-الدوري-ويمنحه-ثلاث-نقاط-أمام-إنبي|title=المرة الرابعة.. مصطفى زيكو "يُنقذ" بيراميدز في الدوري ويمنحه ثلاث نقاط أمام إنبي|trans-title=For the fourth time... Mostafa Ziko 'rescues' Pyramids in the league, securing three points against ENPPI|work=Yallakora|lang=ar|first=Amr|last=Osama|access-date=24 July 2026}}</ref> On 10 May, Pyramids beat ZED 2–1 in the Egypt Cup final; Ziko received a late [[Penalty card#Red card|red card]] in the 81st minute after a challenge on Pyramids loanee [[Tarek Alaa (footballer, born 2002)|Tarek Alaa]].<ref name="Egypt.cup.kf">{{Cite news|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2026/05/11/pyramids-fc-claim-egypt-cup-with-win-over-zed/|title=Pyramids FC Claim Egypt Cup With Win Over ZED|work=[[KingFut]]|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Egypt.cup.p.a.f2">{{Cite news|url=https://panafricafootball.com/article/pyramids-egypt-cup-champions-zed|title=Pyramids crowned Egypt Cup champions again after defeating ZED to keep domestic double dream alive|first=Hossam|last=Ahmed|work=Pan Africa Football|access-date=23 July 2026}}</ref> Speaking to [[ON Sport FM|ON Sport]] in his post-match interview, Ziko said: "This season has been exceptional for me, as I have won three trophies, and God willing, we will win even more."<ref name="ECa">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/528898|title=زيكو: سنلعب على بطولة الدوري حتى الدقيقة الأخيرة|trans-title=Zico: We will fight for the league title until the very last minute|work=[[FilGoal]]|lang=ar|access-date=24 July 2026|date=10 May 2026}}</ref> Referring to Pyramids' league title prospects, he added: "As long as the league hasn't been mathematically decided, it remains up for grabs. If [[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]] loses their next match and we win, we will be crowned champions. We will play until the final minute; God willing, we will win the league title."<ref name="ECa" /> However, whilst Pyramids won their final league match against [[Smouha SC|Smouha]] 2–1 on 20 May,<ref name="Egypt.league.kf">{{Cite news|url=https://www.kingfut.com/2026/05/20/zamalek-seal-egyptian-premier-league-title-on-final-day/|title=Zamalek Seal Egyptian Premier League Title on Final Day|work=[[KingFut]]|access-date=24 July 2026}}</ref> with Ziko suspended owing to his accumulation of yellow cards,<ref name="ZIKO.SMOUHA.suspension">{{Cite news|url=https://sport.elwatannews.com/ar/1/1/1306319/سيراميكا-كليوباترا-ينهي-موسم-جناح-بيراميدز-في-الدوري-المصري|title=سيراميكا كليوباترا ينهي موسم جناح بيراميدز في الدوري المصري|lang=ar|trans-title=Ceramica Cleopatra ends Pyramids winger's Egyptian League season|work=[[El Watan News]]|access-date=24 July 2026}}</ref> Zamalek also won theirs against Cleopatra 1–0 to clinch the title.<ref name="Egypt.league.kf" /><ref name="Egypt.league.reur">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/zamalek-claim-15th-egyptian-league-title-2026-05-20/|title=Zamalek claim 15th Egyptian league title|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=24 July 2026}}</ref> After his successful season, Ziko was rewarded with his first international appearances and a place in Egypt's [[2026 FIFA World Cup]] [[2026 FIFA World Cup squads#Squad|squad]].<ref name="304a" /><ref name="fs" /><ref name="26b">{{cite web|url=https://www.efa.com.eg/ar/الأخبار/حسام-حسن-يعلن-القائمة-النهائية-لمنتخب-مصر-في-كأس-العالم/|title=حسام حسن يعلن القائمة النهائية لمنتخب مصر في كأس العالم|trans-title=Hossam Hassan announces the final squad for the Egyptian national team in the World Cup|publisher=[[Egyptian Football Association]]|date=29 May 2026|access-date=1 June 2026}}</ref> Amr Abdel Moneim of ''[[FilGoal]]'' wrote that "[l]ess than a year ago, when Mostafa Abdel-Raouf 'Ziko' transferred from ZED FC to Pyramids FC, anyone asked about his prospects would have predicted – even the most optimistic Egyptian fans – that he would simply try to secure a starting spot in the squad of the 'Sky Blues' ... Yet, in less than a year, Ziko surprised everyone. ... It was a career turnaround beyond anyone's imagination."<ref name="304a" /> He added: "Ziko rose rapidly from obscurity, achieving in a short time what takes other players years to accomplish."<ref name="304a" /> == International career == Ziko was first called up to the [[Egypt national football team|Egypt national team]] in late 2022 under coach [[Rui Vitória]].<ref name="fs" /><ref name="VitFil" /> Commenting on his inclusion, his Haras el Hodoud manager [[Ahmed Ayoub]] said: "When I first saw him, I knew he would become a shining star in the league and eventually be selected for the Egypt national team. He possesses all the attributes; he just needs to improve his finishing in front of goal."<ref name="VitFil" /> Ziko himself said: "I am overjoyed to have joined the Egyptian national team; it is a feeling I cannot describe. I thank all the coaches and teammates who supported me; every coach I worked with told me I would reach great heights."<ref name="VitFil" /> However, he did not make an appearance.<ref name="fs" /><ref name="almasry" /> In 2026, he received another call-up under coach [[Hossam Hassan]] for the final training camp before the World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filgoal.com/players/136189|title=مصطفى زيكو - لاعب نادي بيراميدز|website=FilGoal|access-date=1 June 2026|language=ar}}</ref><ref name="fs" /> On 28 May, he made his debut for the national team against the [[Russia national football team|Russia national team]], and scored the only goal of the match.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/52/569809/Sports/National-Teams/Egypt-warm-up-for--World-Cup-finals-with--win-over.aspx|title=Egypt warm up for 2026 World Cup finals with 1-0 win over Russia|first=Ahmed|last=Ghandour|publisher=Ahram Online|date=28 May 2026}}</ref> He then scored his second goal in a 2–1 friendly defeat to [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] on 6 June 2026, capitalising on a mistake by [[Marquinhos]].<ref name="fs" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/live/ce8plnkzzg3t|title=Brazil 2-1 Egypt|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|date=6 June 2026}}</ref> This earned him praise from his namesake, [[Zico (footballer)|Zico]].<ref name="fs" /><ref name="304a" /> [[Fáìlì:Mostafa_Ziko.jpg|thumb|305x305px|Ziko with the Egypt national football team in 2026]] Ziko was selected in the 26-man squad for the [[2026 FIFA World Cup]].<ref name="26b" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://en.africatopsports.com/egypt-name-final-26-man-squad-for-2026-fifa-world-cup/|title=Egypt Name Final 26-Man Squad for 2026 FIFA World Cup|work=Africa Top Sports|date=May 2026|access-date=1 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/fifa-world-cup-2026-mohamed-salah-and-egypt-chase-first-ever-quarter-final-berth-all-players-full-squad-list-key-stats-and-schedule|title=Egypt at FIFA World Cup 2026: All players, full squad list, key stats and schedule|work=Olympics.com|date=31 May 2026|access-date=1 June 2026}}</ref> On 21 June, he netted his first World Cup goal and provided an assist in a 3–1 victory over [[New Zealand men's national football team|New Zealand]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/new-zealand-egypt-match-report-highlights|title=Egypt earn long-awaited first victory|publisher=FIFA|date=22 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=McKenna|first=Chris|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cjrg7wz1er7t|title=New Zealand 1–3 Egypt|publisher=BBC Sport|date=22 June 2026}}</ref> Hence, he became the first Egyptian to both score and provide an assist in the same World Cup match.<ref name="fs" /> After the game, he revealed that he had not expected to play at the World Cup, saying: "I was getting ready to spend my summer holidays on the north coast when I was surprised by a call from Hossam Hassan to join the national team".<ref name="fs" /> He also said: "I dedicate this win and this goal to my mother and my brother Abdelraouf, who has been like a father to me since our own father died. I wish he were still alive to see what I've achieved."<ref name="fs" /> On 7 July, he scored a goal against [[Argentina national football team|Argentina]] in the [[2026 FIFA World Cup knockout stage#Argentina vs Egypt|round of 16]] which was disallowed following a [[Video Assistant Referee|VAR]] review; the referee ruled that [[Marwan Attia]] had fouled [[Lisandro Martínez]] in the buildup by stepping on his foot, disallowing the resulting goal. Critics noted the incident occurred several seconds before the goal and far from the scoring action,<ref name="FOX">{{cite web|url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/egypts-goal-vs-argentina-disallowed-after-var-check-not-why-var-brought-game|title=Egypt Goal vs. Argentina Controversially Disallowed After VAR Check|publisher=FOX Sports|date=7 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Independent">{{cite web|last=Baker|first=Luke|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/egypt-argentina-goal-disallowed-var-mostafa-ziko-world-cup-2026-b3010691.html|title=Why was Egypt’s second goal against Argentina disallowed by VAR in World Cup last 16?|publisher=The Independent|date=7 July 2026}}</ref> though the decision was technically grounded in the IFAB rules governing the VAR protocol.<ref name="IFAB_APP">{{cite web|url=https://www.theifab.com/laws/latest/video-assistant-referee-var-protocol/|title=Video Assistant Referee (VAR) Protocol|publisher=[[International Football Association Board]]|access-date=8 July 2026}}</ref> The decision, and accompanying decisions in favour of Argentina, caused significant controversy.<ref name="itv">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zFa_CUlvHvo|title=NO GOAL! VAR robs us of one of the GREATEST World Cup Goals|work=[[ITV (TV network)|ITV]]|via=[[YouTube]]|date=7 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="givemesport">{{cite web|url=https://www.givemesport.com/var-expert-egypt-penalty-argentina-world-cup-football-soccer/|title=VAR Expert Casts Strong Verdict on Egypt’s Penalty Shout in World Cup Loss vs Argentina|last=Mumford|first=Robin|publisher=GiveMeSport|date=7 July 2026}}</ref> Ziko then scored a second goal which was not disallowed, helping his team take a 2–0 lead, however they eventually lost 3–2.<ref>{{cite web|last=Howarth|first=Matthew|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cdr4m2122lgt|title=Argentina 3–2 Egypt|publisher=BBC Sport|date=7 July 2026}}</ref> In his post-match interview, Ziko said that "We were hard done by [the referee] today, and everyone saw that, After the 2–0 result, everything went against us and worked against us. I don't even know why the second goal was disallowed, I don't see any reason for it. He wanted to disallow the third one too, but thank God, God didn't grant him success."<ref name="espn2">{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/49298958/egypt-boss-bemoans-injustice-loss-argentina-world-cup|title=Egypt boss bemoans 'injustice' after loss to Argentina at World Cup|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=7 July 2026}}</ref> He also called the World Cup "rigged" in favour of Argentina and labelled the referee [[François Letexier]] "unfair".<ref name="zikoathlon">{{Cite web|title=Mostafa Ziko Calls the World Cup ‘Rigged’ After Egypt’s Loss to Argentina|url=https://athlonsports.com/soccer/mostafa-ziko-calls-world-cup-rigged-after-egypts-loss-to-argentina|work=[[Parade Media#Athlon Sports|Athlon Sports]]}}</ref> == Player profile == In 2022, Ziko's former coach at [[Gomhoriat Shebin SC|Gomhoriat Shebin]], [[Samir Kamouna]], told ''[[FilGoal]]'': "Ziko's playing style resembles that of [[Zamalek SC|Zamalek]]'s [[Mostafa Shalaby]]; he excels at playing on the wing and making attacking runs into the box."<ref name="VitFil" /> His former [[Haras El Hodoud SC|Haras El Hodoud]] coach Mohamed Makki said: "He is a player with exceptional technical abilities; he excels in open play – utilising large spaces – and possesses great dribbling skills. He can beat defenders in one-on-one situations and is diligent in his defensive duties, thanks to his versatility across multiple positions."<ref name="VitFil" /> However, his former coaches suggested that he needed to improve his finishing.<ref name="VitFil" /> Ziko has been recognised as a versatile player; in 2022 his former coach at Haras El Hodoud, [[Mohamed Halim]], said: "Ziko is capable of playing as a number 8, a number 10, or on the wings; in terms of playing style, he is somewhat similar to [[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]]'s [[Taher Mohamed|Taher Mohamed Taher]]."<ref name="VitFil" /> == Career statistics == === Club === {{updated|matches played 20 May 2026}}<ref name="MZt.S">{{cite web|url=https://uk.soccerway.com/player/zico-mustafa-abdel-raouf/vwddP63o/|title=Mostafa Ziko|website=Soccerway}}</ref>{{efn|Statistics are incomplete}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National cup{{Efn|Includes [[Egypt Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Gomhoriat Shebin SC|Gomhoriat Shebin]] |[[2015–16 Egyptian Second Division|2015–16]] |[[Egyptian Second Division]] | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Haras El Hodoud SC|Haras El Hodoud]] |[[2020-21 Egyptian Premier League|2020–21]] |Egyptian Premier League | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |[[2021–22 Egyptian Second Division|2021–22]] |Egyptian Second Division |3 |3 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |3 |- |[[2022-23 Egyptian Premier League|2022–23]] |Egyptian Premier League |32 |6 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |32 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !35 !9 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |– !37 !10 |- | rowspan="3" |[[ZED FC|ZED]] |[[2023–24 ZED FC season|2023–24]] |Egyptian Premier League |33 |12 |7 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |40 |13 |- |[[2024–25 ZED FC season|2024–25]] |Egyptian Premier League |23 |6 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |28 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !56 !18 !12 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |– !68 !19 |- | rowspan="1" |[[Pyramids FC|Pyramids]] |[[2025–26 Pyramids FC season|2025–26]] |Egyptian Premier League |22 |6 |5 |3 |10{{efn|Appearances in [[CAF Champions League]]|name=CCL}} |3 |4{{efn|2 appearances in [[Egyptian Super Cup]], 2 appearances in [[FIFA Intercontinental Cup]]}} |2 |41 |14 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !113 !33 !20 !4 !10 !3 !4 !2 !147 !43 |} {{notelist}} === International === {{updated|match played 7 July 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by national team and year !National team !Year !Apps !Goals |- |[[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] |2026 |7 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !7 !4 |} : ''Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Ziko goal.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals scored by Mostafa Ziko !No. !Date !Venue !Cap !Opponent !Score !Result !Competition |- | align="center" |1 |28 May 2026 |[[Cairo International Stadium]], [[Cairo]], Egypt | align="center" |1 |{{fb|RUS}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–0 |[[Friendly (association football)|Friendly]] |- | align="center" |2 |6 June 2026 |[[Huntington Bank Field]], [[Cleveland]], United States | align="center" |2 |{{fb|BRA}} | align="center" |1–1 | align="center" |1–2 |Friendly |- | align="center" |3 |21 June 2026 |[[BC Place]], [[Vancouver]], Canada | align="center" |4 |{{fb|NZL}} | align="center" |1–1 | align="center" |3–1 |[[2026 FIFA World Cup Group G|2026 FIFA World Cup]] |- | align="center" |4 |7 July 2026 |[[Mercedes-Benz Stadium]], [[Atlanta]], United States | align="center" |7 |{{fb|ARG}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |2–3 |[[2026 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|2026 FIFA World Cup]] |} == Honours == === ZED === * [[Egypt Cup]] runner-up: [[2024 Egypt Cup final|2023–24]] === Pyramids === * [[Egypt Cup]]: 2025–26 * [[CAF Super Cup]]: [[2025 CAF Super Cup|2025]] * [[FIFA Intercontinental Cup#Secondary trophy winners|FIFA African–Asian–Pacific Cup]]: [[2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup#African–Asian–Pacific Cup|2025]] * [[FIFA Intercontinental Cup#Secondary trophy winners|FIFA Challenger Cup]] runner-up: [[2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup#Challenger Cup|2025]] == References == {{reflist}} == External links == * {{Soccerway|new_id=zico-mustafa-abdel-raouf/vwddP63o}} {{Pyramids FC squad}} {{Egypt squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}} lbnimzdlkswlht3wss3h8doc5qwibgt 0 84382 637127 636930 2026-09-17T03:36:48Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Binti|author=[[Nnedi Okorafor]]|image=Binti - book cover.jpg|caption=Paperback edition|cover_artist=[[David Palumbo]]|pages=96|genre=[[Science fiction]], [[Horror fiction|Horror]]|country=Nigeria|language=English|publisher=[[Tor Books]]|pub_date=2015|awards=[[Hugo Award for Best Novella]]<br>[[Nebula Award for Best Novella]]<br>[[Nommo Awards|Nommo Award for Best Novella]]|isbn=978-0-7653-8525-3|followed_by=[[Binti: Home]]|series=''[[Binti Trilogy]]''}}'''''Binti''''' jẹ itan itan-akọọlẹ imọ-jinlẹ ọjọ iwaju Afirika lati ọwọ onkọwe ara ilu Amẹrika Nnedi Okorafor. A ṣe atẹjade novella ni ọdun 2015 nipasẹ Tor.com. Binti ni aramada akoko ninu jara Binti novella ti Okorafor. ''Binti'' gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀bùn ìwé kíkà tó gbajúmọ̀, títí bí Hugo Award fún Best Novella àti Nebula Award fún Best Novella . A gbọ́ pé wọ́n ń ṣe àtúnṣe tẹlifíṣọ̀n ní Hulu . A mẹnu ba Anyaugo Okorafor, ọmọbinrin onkọwe naa, ninu apakan idupẹ fun "pipese ipilẹ itan iwe yii". == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ọmọbìnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Binti ni ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ lára àwọn ènìyàn Himba láti ilẹ̀ ayé tí wọ́n gbà sí Yunifásítì Oomza University tí ó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ. Nígbà tí wọ́n sọ fún Binti pé òun gbà á, ó sá kúrò nílé, ó sì wọ ọkọ̀ ojú omi tó ń lọ sí Oomza Uni. Nígbà tí ó ń kọjá lọ, Meduse, ẹranko àjèjì kan tí ó dàbí ẹja jellyfish tí ó ti ń bá Khoush, ẹ̀yà ènìyàn mìíràn, jà, jí ọkọ̀ náà gbé. Lẹ́yìn tí Meduse pa gbogbo àwọn olùgbé ọkọ̀ ojú omi yòókù, Binti padà sí ilé ìgbé rẹ̀. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó ṣàwárí pé ẹ̀rọ ìgbàanì kan tí ó mú wá láti Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí a pè ní ''edan'' rẹ̀, ń jẹ́ kí ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ taara pẹ̀lú Meduse, àti pé ''otjize'' rẹ̀, irú àdàpọ̀ amọ̀ tí a ṣe láti inú ilẹ̀ ìlú rẹ̀, ní àwọn ohun ìlera tí a bá fi sí àwọn àgọ́ Meduse. Ó bá ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọmọ Meduse tó kéré sí i, tó sì ní orí gbígbóná jù, tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Okwu, ṣọ̀rẹ́, lẹ́yìn náà ó dá àdéhùn ìdádúró láàárín òun àti àwọn ajínigbé náà; ìdádúró ìdádúró náà jẹ́ àyípadà gidi fún Binti. Nígbà tí ó dé yunifásítì, ó lè ṣe àdéhùn àlàáfíà fún ìgbà díẹ̀ láàárín Meduse àti ìran ènìyàn, lẹ́yìn náà ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Oomza Uni ní tààràtà. <ref>{{Cite book|title=''Binti''|date=2015|publisher=[[Tor.com]]|first=Nnedi|last=Okorafor|authorlink=Nnedi Okorafor|isbn=978-0765385253|url=https://reactormag.com/excerpts-binti-nnedi-okorafor// <!-- Url links to an excerpt; placed in parameter to clear prior formatting errors. Please remove if necessary. -->}}</ref> == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti yíyàn == * Olùgbà Ẹ̀bùn Hugo ti ọdún 2016 fún Novella Tó Dáa Jùlọ * Olùgbà Ẹ̀bùn Nebula ti ọdún 2015 fún Novella Tí Ó Dáa Jùlọ * Olùborí Ẹ̀bùn BookTube SFF ti ọdún 2016 fún Novella Tí Ó Dáa Jùlọ (ìdìbò gbogbogbò) * Ẹni tó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ BSFA fún ọdún 2015 fún Ìtàn Kúkúrú Tó Dáa Jùlọ <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bsfa.co.uk/bsfa-awards-2015-shortlist-announced/|title=BSFA Awards 2015 Shortlist announced|date=2016-02-08|work=BSFA - The official website of the British Science Fiction Association|archivedate=2017-02-21|access-date=2026-09-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221040148/http://www.bsfa.co.uk/bsfa-awards-2015-shortlist-announced/|deadurl=yes}}</ref> * Ẹni tó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ British Fantasy Award 2016 fún Novella Tó Dáa Jùlọ * Ẹni tó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ Locus ti ọdún 2016 fún Novella tó dára jùlọ * Olùgbà Ẹ̀bùn Nommo ti ọdún 2017 fún Novella Tó Dáa Jùlọ == Àwọn tí ó tẹ̀lé e == Ìwé ìtàn náà ní ìtẹ̀lé méjì. A ti tu ''Binti: Home'', àkọ́kọ́ jáde ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kìíní, ọdún 2017. A ti tu ẹ̀ka kẹta, ''Binti: The Night Masquerade'', jáde ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://us.macmillan.com/bintithenightmasquerade/nnediokorafor/9780765393135/|title=Binti: The Night Masquerade {{!}} Nnedi Okorafor {{!}} Macmillan}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn náà, DAW / Penguin / PRH ṣe àtẹ̀jáde gbogbo-ẹ̀kọ́ ìwé ìtàn mẹ́ta náà pẹ̀lú ìtàn kúkúrú mìíràn tí àkọlé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ "Binti: Iná Mímọ́", èyí tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdènà láàrín ''Binti'' àti ''Home'' . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 4lbmmj6p51o6r1m6i2rmthyn4kyi0er 0 84391 636973 636941 2026-09-16T12:53:27Z Aderiqueza 22884 Itokasi 636973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samuel Adedayo Abe''' jẹ́ Bíṣọ́ọ̀pù Ìjọ Anglikani ti Ẹ̀kìti ní ọdún 2007, lábẹ́ [[w:Anglican Province of Ondo|Ẹ̀ka Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀ndọ́ ti Ìjọ Anglikani ní Nàìjíríà]].<ref name="r853">{{cite web | title=Province of Ondo | website=Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion) | date=2020-03-26 | url=https://anglican-nig.org/our-provinces/ecclesiastical-province-of-ondo/ | access-date=2026-09-16}}</ref> Abe fẹ̀yìntì ní ọdún 2012 gẹ́gẹ́ bí Bíṣọ́ọ̀pù ti Ẹ̀kìtì àti Àgbẹ́kọ̀/Áọ́bìṣọ́ọ̀pù ti Ẹ̀ka Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀ndọ́. Chris Omotunde ló rọ́pò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Bíṣọ́ọ̀pù ti Ẹ̀kìtì, nígbà tí George Olatunji Lasebikan sì rọ́pò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Àgbẹ́kọ̀ ti Ọ̀ndọ́. Wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí Bíṣọ́ọ̀pù ti Ẹ̀kìtì ní ọdún 1998, lẹ́yìn ìfẹ̀yìntì ti Samuel Akinbola. Wọ́n tún yàn án fún ìgbà kejì gẹ́gẹ́ bí Àgbẹ́kọ̀ ti Ọ̀ndọ́ ní ọdún 2007.<ref name="z624">{{cite web | title=Episcopal News Service: Press Release # 091407-05 | website=Archives of the Episcopal Church | date=2007-09-14 | url=https://digitalarchives.episcopalarchives.org/cgi-bin/ENS/ENSpress_release.pl?pr_number=091407-05 | access-date=2026-09-16}}</ref> ==Àwon Ìtókasí == {{Reflist}} l486a28xx2vf00h29ttl019yu4crxyf 0 84403 636955 2026-09-16T12:12:43Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357688197|Every Day Is for the Thief]]" 636955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Every Day Is for the Thief|orig title=|translator=|image=File:Every_Day_Is_for_the_Thief.jpg|caption=|author=[[Teju Cole]]|cover_artist=|country=Nigeria|language=English|series=|genre=Fiction|publisher=|release_date=2007|media_type=|pages=|isbn=|dewey=|congress=|oclc=|preceded_by=|followed_by=}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn Every Day Is for the Thief''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2007 tí òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà-Amẹ́ríkà Teju Cole kọ . Akọni akọni ti a ko darukọ ninu iwe itan naa pada si [[Èkó|Eko]] lẹhin ọdun mẹdogun ni [[New York|Ilu New York]], o si ri ara rẹ ni iyipada nipa gbigbe ni ilu okeere ati idamu nipasẹ ilu naa. Wọ́n kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ìwé ìtàn náà jáde ní Nàìjíríà, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tún tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní Amẹ́ríkà lẹ́yìn náà. == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ọkùnrin kan fi New York sílẹ̀ láti padà sí Èkó fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ láàrín ọdún mẹ́ẹ̀dógún, lẹ́yìn ikú bàbá rẹ̀ àti ìjà tó wáyé láàrín òun àti ìyá rẹ̀. Ó wá rí i pé òun kò ní ìtùnú tó pọ̀ tó bí òun ti rò nínú ilẹ̀ ìbílẹ̀ òun. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 90ak0ebkpna7otziphbt8dzes4ot1mh 0 84404 636956 2026-09-16T12:17:28Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753839|In Dependence]]" 636956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|italic title=<!--(see above)-->|name=In Dependence|image=File:In_Dependence_book_cover.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=|author=[[Sarah Ladipo Manyika]]|audio_read_by=|title_orig=|orig_lang_code=|title_working=|translator=|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=English|series=|release_number=|subject=[[Neo-colonialism]]|genre=[[Literary fiction]]|set_in=[[Oxford]] <br> [[Nigeria]]|publisher=[[Legend Press]]|publisher2=[[Cassava Republic]]|pub_date=|english_pub_date=|published=2008|media_type=Print ([[hardcover]], [[paperback]])|pages=|awards=|isbn=978-1906558048|isbn_note=|oclc=|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=<!-- for books in a series -->|followed_by=<!-- for books in a series -->|native_wikisource=|wikisource=|notes=|exclude_cover=|website=}}Ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ tí a kọ ní ọdún 2008 tí òǹkọ̀wé ará Britain àti Nàìjíríà [[Sarah Ladipo Manyika]] kọ ni '''''In Dependence''''' . Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́, tí Legend Press, London, kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2008. <ref name="VAN">{{Cite news|first1=Obi|last=Nwankanma|author-link=Obi Nwakanma|title=Sarah Manyika's in dependence|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/content/view/28752/74/|place=Lagos, Nigeria|date=15 February 2009|accessdate=28 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216171301/http://www.vanguardngr.com/content/view/28752/74/|archivedate=16 February 2009|journal=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọdún 1960, nígbà tí Tayo, ọ̀dọ́kùnrin kan, rin ìrìn-àjò láti Nàìjíríà lọ sí ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì láti lọ lo àǹfààní ẹ̀kọ́ ọ̀fẹ́ ní Yunifásítì Oxford. Ó ka ara rẹ̀ sí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ìran tí ó kún fún àwọn èrò nípa ọjọ́-iwájú tuntun tí ó sì dára jùlọ ní ìlú yìí tí a mọ̀ fún àwọn ilé gíga tí ó lẹ́wà tí ó sì ń fúnni ní ìwúrí. Ó dàbí ẹni pé ayé gbogbo ń gbiná pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà: bíi gbígba òmìnira orílẹ̀-èdè, ìgbìyànjú fún ẹ̀tọ́ ọmọnìyàn, àti àwọn àmì àkọ́kọ́ ti àwọn ìyípadà nínú àṣà àti ọ̀rọ̀ ìbálòpọ̀. Ìtàn ìfẹ́ náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ nígbà tí Tayo pàdé Vanessa Richardson, ọmọbìnrin ológun kan tó ti fẹ̀yìntì, ní àkókò yìí. Ìtàn náà tẹ̀lé ìtàn ìfẹ́ akọni ṣùgbọ́n tí ó dùn mọ́ni nínú Tayo àti Vanessa. Ìtàn àwọn ènìyàn méjì ló ń gbìyànjú láti mọ ẹni tí wọ́n jẹ́ àti ẹni tí wọ́n fẹ́ jẹ́; ìrìn àjò ìfẹ́ àti èrò rere, agbára àti ẹ̀tàn ni, àti ìfẹ́ gbogbogbòò láti ní ìfẹ́ láìronújinlẹ̀ àti pátápátá. == Àwọn Òṣèré == '''Omotayo Oluwakayode Ajayi / TY''' - akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí ó gba ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó-ẹ̀kọ́ niYunifásítì Oxford. '''Vanessa Richardson''' - Obìnrin ará Britain tí Tayo fẹ́ràn. Vanessa tún jẹ́ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Oxford. '''Modupe''' - Olólùfẹ́ ọ̀dọ́mọkùnrin Tayo tí ó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ ara tó lágbára kí ó tó fi orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà sílẹ̀ lọ sí England. '''Inspector Adeniyi Ajayi''' - baba Tayo. '''Arabinrin Elizabeth Richardson''' - Iya Vanessa '''Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Jonathan Richardson''' - Bàbá Vanessa '''Bisi''' - Arabinrin Tayo '''Remi''' - Arakunrin Tayo '''Ogbeni Edward Maximilian Barker''' - Ẹni tí ó kí Omotayo káàbọ̀ kí ó tó di pé Ogbeni Faircliff kọ lẹ́tà fún Tayo. '''Arabinrin Isabella Barker/Isabella''' - Iyawo Ogbeni Barker. '''Àbúrò Bolu/Àbúrò B''' - Àbúrò Tayo tó fẹ́ràn ọtí mímu àti àwọn obìnrin. '''Arabinrin Christine Arinze''' - Ọ̀rẹ́bìnrin àtijọ́ Tayo àti Ike. Ó ka ìwé Modern Languages ní St. Hilda College, Oxford. '''Ogbeni ati Arabinrin Winter''' - Wọn gba Tunde, Tayo ati Yusuf ni owo nigbati wọn mu wọn '''Joy Williams''' - Iyawo Yusuf ni Naijiria. '''Salamatou''' - Oníṣẹ́ irun ní Dakar, Senegal. '''Jean Luc''' - Ọmọ ilẹ̀ Faransé kan tó ti ṣèlérí láti fẹ́ Salamatou ṣùgbọ́n tó sá lọ nígbà tó gbọ́ pé òun lóyún láti ọ̀dọ̀ rẹ̀. '''Miriam''' - Iyawo Tayo. Ó tọ́ baba Tayo dàgbà, ó sì lóyún fún Tayo. Wọ́n ṣe ìgbéyàwó, wọ́n sì bí Kemi. '''Kemi''' - Ọmọbinrin Tayo ati Miriamu. '''Suleiman''' - ọmọ Salamatou tí Venessa gbà lẹ́yìn náà '''Abdou''' - Awakọ. Ó ti gbé Tayo lọ sí pápákọ̀ òfurufú kí ìjànbá tó ṣẹlẹ̀. '''Danjuma''' - Olùtọ́jú ọgbà. Ó ní ìbálòpọ̀ ìkọ̀kọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyá Vanessa nígbà tí ó wà ní Nàìjíríà. '''Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n John Harris''' - Òun ni ọkùnrin láti yunifásítì tí Kemi fi hàn baba rẹ̀. == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == Gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[Sarah Ladipo Manyika|Manyika]] ti sọ, "ó ṣe ìwádìí tó pọ̀ gan-an kí ó lè fi òtítọ́ ìgbésí ayé ní Nàìjíríà nígbà náà hàn, títí kan kíkà àwọn ìwé ìròyìn àti ìwé ìròyìn láti fi hàn pé àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ìtàn ayé ni ." Ìwé ìròyìn Legend Press ní ìlú London ni wọ́n kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2008 ''ní In Dependence'' . <ref name="VAN" /> Ní ọdún 2009, Cassava Republic ní Nàìjíríà ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde. Ní ọdún 2014, Weaver Press tẹ̀ ìwé ''In Dependence'' jáde ní [[Zimbabwe]], níbi tí ó ti jẹ́ ìwé tí a ṣètò fún ìdánwò ìwé èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tó ga jùlọ. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Toni Kan kọ̀wé nínú ''ìwé ìròyìn The Lagos Review'' pé: “Sarah Manyika ti kọ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ kan tó gbayì, èyí tó máa jẹ́ kí ó wà ní ipò tó yẹ nínú ìwé àròsọ lẹ́yìn ìjọba amúnisìn.” <ref>{{Cite web|url=Toni Kan}}</ref> Àjọ Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ''In Dependence'' fún àwọn olùdíje fún ìdíje UTME ọdún 2017. ''Bustle'' kọ ọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwé márùn-ún tí àwọn òǹkọ̀wé ará Áfíríkà kọ nígbà #ReadAfricaWeek. == Ìwé ìtàn == * {{Cite book|author=Sarah Ladipo Manyika|title=In Dependence: A Novel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zMYLAQAAMAAJ|date=27 September 2008|publisher=Legend Press|isbn=978-1-90655-804-8}} == Wo tun == * ''Àwọn Ọjọ́ Ìkẹyìn ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Gíga Forcados'' == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] 5j2eujwtes3wormbfsuvogz1t74mcii 0 84405 636957 2026-09-16T12:18:37Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346752626|On Black Sisters Street]]" 636957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] -->|name=On Black Sisters Street|translator=|image=File:Fata Morgana Book.jpg|caption=First edition (Dutch)|author=[[Chika Unigwe]]|cover_artist=|country=Nigeria|language=English|series=|genre=[[Literary fiction]]|publisher=Meulenhoff / Manteau|release_date=26 April 2011|oclc=|media_type=Print (hardback)|isbn=978-1-4000-6833-3|pages=272|preceded_by=The Phoenix|followed_by=The Night Dancer}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀- [[Nàìjíríà|èdè Nàìjíríà]] Chika Unigwe '''''ni On Black Sisters' Street''''' . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=30 May 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/01/books/review/book-review-on-black-sisters-street-by-chika-unigwe.html|title=Tales From the Global Sex Trade}}</ref> Ní àkọ́kọ́, wọ́n kọ ọ́ ní èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, ṣùgbọ́n Hans van Riemsdijk kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ìtumọ̀ èdè Dutch gẹ́gẹ́ bí ''Fata Morgana'', ní ọdún 2007. A kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ní ọdún 2009 (Jonathan Cape, London) gẹ́gẹ́ bí ''On Black Sisters' Street'' . <ref>{{Cite news|title=NLNG shortlist: What you should know about the authors|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/nlng-shortlist-what-you-should-know-about-the-authors.html|access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref> Ìtàn náà dá lórí àwọn aṣẹ́wó ará Áfíríkà tí wọ́n ń gbé àti tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní Bẹ́ljiọ́mù. ''On Black Sisters' Street'' gba Ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà fún Lítíréṣọ̀ ní ọdún 2012, <ref>{{Cite news|title=From NLNG's Treasury .. Chika Unigwe wins $100,000 NIG Prize for Literature|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/11/from-nlngs-treasury-chika-unigwe-wins-100000-nig-prize-for-literature/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref> ẹ̀bùn ìwé tó tóbi jùlọ ní Áfíríkà ní $100,000. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pmnewsnigeria.com/2012/11/01/chika-unigwe-wins-nigeria-prize-for-literature/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Chika Unigwe Wins Nigeria Prize for Literature|access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ìtàn yìí wáyé ní Zwartezusterstraat—tí ó túmọ̀ sí "Òpópónà Àwọn Obìnrin Oníṣọ̀kan Dúdú" (Black Sisters' Street)—ní ìlú Antwerp ní orílẹ̀-èdè Belgium. Níbí, àwọn obìnrin mẹ́rin tí wọ́n jẹ́ aṣẹ́wó tí wọ́n sì ti kó wá láti ilẹ̀ òkèèrè ń gbìyànjú láti pa owó tó pọ̀ tó láti san fún ọkùnrin ọmọ Nàìjíríà kan tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ bíi agbẹ́wọ́-aṣẹ́wó (pimp), ẹni tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Dele; owó yìí ni ó béèrè fún gẹ́gẹ́ bí iye owó iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ fún mímú wọn wá láti Nàìjíríà sí Belgium.<ref>{{Cite news|title=On Black Sisters' Street by Chika Unigwe|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/sep/11/black-sisters-street-chika-unigwe|access-date=7 April 2023}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} r8hb9xkce2rcc919kuknyuw8rjwkogo 0 84406 636958 2026-09-16T12:20:07Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1225289713|Eyo (novel)]]" 636958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|<!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Novels or Wikipedia:WikiProject_Books -->|name=Eyo|translators=|image=9789966805263 eyo frontcover.jpg|image_size=|caption=First Edition Cover|authors=[[Abidemi Sanusi]]|cover_artist=|country=Nigeria|language=English|series=|genres=|publisher=[[WordAlive Publishers]]|release_date=2009|media_type=Print ([[Paperback]])|pages=346 pp|isbn=978-9966-805-26-3|preceded_by=|followed_by=}}'''"Eyo"''' jẹ́ ìwé-ìtàn àròsọ kan tí ó jáde ní ọdún 2009, tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, Abidemi Sanusi, kọ, tí ilé-iṣẹ́ WordAlive Publishers sì tẹ̀ jáde. Ìwé náà dá lórí ọ̀rọ̀ nípa dídáwọ́ dúró títà àti ríra àwọn ọmọdé fún iṣẹ́-ìrúbọ tàbí fún lílo wọn nínú iṣẹ́ aṣẹ́wó ní ipa-agbára, nípa lílo àwọn ọmọdé tí a kó lọ sí ilẹ̀ Yúróòpù gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpẹẹrẹ. Wọ́n yan ìwé "Eyo" lára ​​àwọn tí ó wà ní ìpele ìparí fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Commonwealth Writers' Prize ní ọdún 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2 April 2010}}</ref> == Àkótán == Eyo, ọmọbìnrin ọmọ ọdún mẹ́wàá tí kò mọ̀wé, ni bàbá rẹ̀ fi ṣe ìtajà lọ sí [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan|United Kingdom]] pẹ̀lú ìlérí ìgbésí ayé tó dára jù. Níkẹyìn, ọdún márùn-ún tó lò nílé ló di ìránṣẹ́ ilé, ó sì di ẹrú ìbálòpọ̀ ọmọdé. Kí ó tó dé òkè òkun, Eyo ń gbé ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]], Nàìjíríà, lẹ́yìn tí ó ti ṣí lọ sí òkè òkun, ó di òṣìṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀ ìlù àti ìhalẹ̀mọ́ni. Ó jẹ́ ẹni tí kò mọ̀ọ́kọ, tí kò sì gbajúmọ̀, tí kò sì ní ìdílé, ọ̀rẹ́, tàbí ọ̀nà àsálà. Atlas, Eyo ni àlùfáà àti obìnrin ajẹ́jẹ̀ẹ́ Róòmù kan gbà sílẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ rẹ̀, ẹni tí ó rán an padà sí Nàìjíríà láti tún ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ ṣe. Sibẹsibẹ, o dojuko iṣoro diẹ sii paapaa lẹhin ti o gba ominira. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|20em}} 1fybbg6bdabc2mntzjcgrkl6zact5sr 0 84407 636959 2026-09-16T12:22:12Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345481927|I Do Not Come to You By Chance]]" 636959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=I Do Not Come to You By Chance|image=I Do Not Come To You By Chance.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=|author=[[Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani]]|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=[[English language|English]]|genre=[[Literary Fiction]]|set_in=|publisher=[[Hachette Books]]|publisher2=|pub_date=|published=|media_type=Print ([[paperback]])|pages=416 pp (first edition)|awards=|isbn=978-1-4013-2311-0|isbn_note=(first edition)|oclc=262885023|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=|followed_by=|website=}} Ìwé '''''ìtàn tí mo kọ ní ọdún 2009 ni mo kọ''''' láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà [[Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani]] . Ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ni, èyí tí Hachette Books tẹ̀ jáde ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2009, àmì Perseus Books Group . <ref>{{Cite web|url=Boyd Tonkin}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/adaobi-tricia-nwaubani/i-do-not-come-to-you-by-chance/|title=I DO NOT COME TO YOU BY CHANCE|date=1 April 2009}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=Wana Udobang}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ìwé 'Do Not Come to You By Chance' sọ̀rọ̀ nípa Kingsley Ibe, ọ̀dọ́kùnrin kan tí ó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ parí ẹ̀kọ́ nípa ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ (engineering), tí ó sì wá láti inú ẹbí ọlọ́lá àti aláàbọ̀-ọrọ̀ ní Nàìjíríà. Lẹ́yìn tí ìṣòro kan fa ìdààmú ọrọ̀-ajé bá ẹbí rẹ̀, tí kò sì rí iṣẹ́ ṣe, ó wá ìrànlọ́wọ́ lọ́dọ̀ àbúrò bàbá rẹ̀, Boniface, nítorí pé kò sí ọ̀nà mìíràn mọ́. Boniface, tí gbogbo ènìyàn mọ̀ sí "Cash Daddy," jẹ́ ọ̀gá àwọn oníyànjẹ́ lórí ayélujára àti ẹni tí ó gbajúmọ̀ nínú iṣẹ́ ẹ̀tàn "419" (orúkọ tí wọ́n fi ń pe irúfẹ́ ẹ̀tàn yìí ní Nàìjíríà); ó sì fi tọkàntọkàn fa Kingsley sínú ayé òkùnkùn ti ẹ̀tàn àti jíjíni-lówó-lọ́wọ́ lórí ayélujára. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Reporter}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kehe}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ribic|pages=424–436}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Garritano|pages=18–35}}</ref> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == * 2010: Ẹ̀bùn Àwọn Òǹkọ̀wé Commonwealth fún Ìwé Àkọ́kọ́ Tí Ó Dáa Jùlọ (Afíríkà). * 2010: Ẹ̀bùn Ìwé Àkọ́kọ́ Betty Trask . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=18 May 2019}}</ref> * 2010: [[Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa|Àmì Ẹ̀bùn Wole Soyinka fún Lítíréṣọ̀ ní Áfíríkà]] . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Admin|archivedate=10 June 2020}}</ref> * 2012: Àkójọ àwọn tó gba ẹ̀bùn fún ìwé kíkà ní Nàìjíríà . * Àwọn Ìwé Tó Dáa Jùlọ ''ti Washington Post'' 2009. <ref>{{Cite news|author=WP Critic}}</ref> == Ṣíṣe àtúnṣe fíìmù == [[Ishaya Bako]] ló darí àtúnṣe fíìmù náà, [[Genevieve Nnaji]] ló sì ṣe é. Ó ṣe àfihàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Àjọyọ̀ Fíìmù Àgbáyé Toronto ti ọdún 2023. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Emelike|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|30em}} h30xphngaw35xowjcv4n85dmlfs4iry 0 84408 636960 2026-09-16T12:23:47Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356310570|Oil on Water]]" 636960 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|genre=[[Petrofiction]]|author=[[Helon Habila]]|isbn=978-0-241-14486-2|pub_date=5 August 2010|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|image=Oil on Water (novel).jpeg}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ oníròyìn tí òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà [[Helon Habila]] kọ ní ọdún 2010 ni '''''epo lórí omi''''' . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Riddle|first=Amy|title=Petrofiction and Political Economy in the Age of Late Fossil Capital|url=https://mediationsjournal.org/articles/petrofiction|accessdate=2021-04-17|archive-date=2021-04-17}}</ref> Ìwé ìtàn náà ṣàkọsílẹ̀ ìrírí àwọn oníròyìn méjì bí wọ́n ṣe ń gbìyànjú láti gba ìyàwó ará Yúróòpù kan tí wọ́n jí gbé ní agbègbè epo ní [[Niger Delta]] . Ìwé ìtàn náà ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àwọn àbájáde àyíká àti ìṣèlú ti ìjà epo àti owó petrodollars ní delta. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=Ann Pancake|archivedate=2024-08-17}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Egya|first=Sule Emmanuel|date=2017|title=Literary Militancy and Helon Habila's Oil on Water|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/reseafrilite.48.4.07|accessdate=2021-04-17|archive-date=2021-04-17}}</ref> == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == "Oil on Water" jẹ́ ìtàn nípa àwọn ènìyàn méjì: Rufus, oníròyìn tó ń gòkè àgbà, àti Zaq, oníròyìn tó ti gbajúmọ̀. Wọ́n rìnrìn-àjò lọ sí agbègbè Niger Delta láti wá obìnrin aláwọ̀ funfun kan tí wọ́n jí gbé, ẹni tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Isabel Floode; wọ́n sì ti lo obìnrin yìí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun èlò ìtajà tàbí ohun ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ nínú ogun abẹ́lé ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == === Àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò === Wọ́n gba ìwé ìtàn náà dáadáa. <nowiki><i id="mwLw">Orion</i></nowiki> pè é ní “iṣẹ́ alágbára, èyí tí ó tún fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ọnà tí a ṣe dáadáa máa ń tóbi tó láti dènà ìṣèlú.” <ref name=":2" /> Rachel Aspden ' ''[[The Guardian]]'' pe e ni “iwe itan kẹta ti o lagbara, ti o ṣe aṣeyọri [ti] o n fi awọn ainireti ti n dagba sii han nipa agbara iṣẹ iroyin lati ṣe iyipada.” === Àwọn ẹ̀bùn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ọdún ! Ẹ̀bùn ! Ẹ̀ka ! Àbájáde ! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- ! 2011 | Ẹ̀bùn Àwọn Òǹkọ̀wé Commonwealth | Áfíríkà|{{sho}} | <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=8 August 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2011-08-31}}</ref> |- ! 2012 | Ẹ̀bùn Ìwé PEN Ṣíṣí sílẹ̀ | —|{{sho}} | <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-08-01}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|archivedate=June 7, 2014}}</ref> |- ! 2013 | Ẹ̀bùn Ìwé Orion | —|{{sho}} | <ref>{{Cite news|author=Omoniyi|date=2017-11-11|title=Helon Habila, Maaza Mengiste named The New American Voices award judges|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/artsbooks/249069-helon-habila-maaza-mengiste-named-new-american-voices-award-judges.html}}</ref> |} == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 1zlkjfj8y01k0ac2vde2bkjkr82ayi9 0 84409 636961 2026-09-16T12:25:14Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355310664|Binti: Home]]" 636961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Binti: Home|image=Binti Home.jpg|caption=First edition|author=[[Nnedi Okorafor]]|cover_artist=[[David Palumbo]]|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Science Fiction|pub_date=January 2017|publisher=Tor.com|isbn=9780765393104|pages=176|preceded_by=[[Binti (novel)|Binti]]|followed_by=[[Binti: The Night Masquerade]]|series=''[[Binti Trilogy]]''}} '''''Binti: Ile''''' jẹ iwe itan-akọọlẹ imọ-jinlẹ ti ọdun 2017 ti Nnedi Okorafor kọ <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2017-03-01}}</ref> ti Tor.com si tẹjade. ''Binti: Ile'' ni atẹle si ''[[Binti (ìtàn ayélujára)|Binti]]'' Okorafor lati ọdun 2015, ati pe ''Binti: The Night Masquerade'' ni atẹle, ti a tẹjade ni ọdun 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://us.macmillan.com/bintithenightmasquerade/nnediokorafor/9780765393135/|title=Binti: The Night Masquerade {{!}} Nnedi Okorafor {{!}} Macmillan|accessdate=2017-03-14}}</ref> == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Binti, ọdọmọbinrin Himba kan lati Aye, pada si ile lati koju ẹbi rẹ ati awọn agbaagba lẹhin ọdun akọkọ rẹ ni Ile-ẹkọ giga Oomza ti o wa ni ita aye. Bi o ṣe n koju awọn igba ibinu ti ko ṣe asọtẹlẹ rẹ, Binti pinnu lati pari irin-ajo ẹsin ibile ti awọn Himba lati le di ẹni ti a sọ di mimọ. Ọrẹ rẹ ti ẹya Meduse, Okwu, ba a wa si Aye gẹgẹbi aṣoju fun awọn eniyan rẹ. Awọn mejeeji gbọdọ rin irin-ajo lori ọkọ ofurufu "The Third Fish," eyi ti o jẹ ọkọ ofurufu ti Binti ti ye ninu rẹ nigba ti awọn Meduse pa awọn ẹlẹgbẹ rẹ ni ọna ti o buru jai. Binti tẹsiwaju lati ni aniyan ati awọn ala ti o buru lakoko irin-ajo rẹ si ile, ti o si maa n wọ inu ipo iṣaro ti a n pe ni "treeing" nigbagbogbo. Nigbati Binti de ile, o darapọ mọ ẹbi rẹ fun ounjẹ ayẹyẹ itẹwọgba rẹ. Arabinrin rẹ, Vera, ati awọn arakunrin ati arabinrin rẹ miiran ṣalaye ibinu wọn pe Binti fi ile silẹ. Vera sọ fun Binti pe iwa ifẹ-ara-ẹni rẹ ti jẹ ki baba wọn ṣaisan, nitori pe o yẹ ki o ti gba iṣẹ ile itaja ẹbi wọn lọwọ baba rẹ. Nigba ti o ya, Binti ju *edan* rẹ silẹ lairotẹlẹ, o si fọ si awọn ege. Lakoko ti o n gbiyanju lati tunṣe, o ri ẹda ajeji kan ni ita ferese rẹ. Binti mọ ẹda naa gẹgẹbi "Night Masquerade" (Egun ti Alẹ), eyi ti awọn ọkunrin nikan ni o yẹ ki wọn le ri. Ni akoko yii, awọn eniyan ti aginju (Desert People)—ti awọn Himba ka si awọn ti ko ni ilọsiwaju ti wọn si ni iṣoro ọpọlọ—wa lati mu Binti lọ. Binti ba awọn eniyan aginju naa lọ, pẹlu iya-nla rẹ, si abule wọn. Iya-nla rẹ sọ pe Binti le tun *edan* rẹ ṣe ti o ba gba ipilẹṣẹ rẹ gẹgẹbi eniyan aginju, tabi gẹgẹbi Zinariya. Wọn ṣe ayẹyẹ gbigba Binti wọle sinu ẹgbẹ wọn, o si ni iriri iyipada nla ninu ara rẹ. Pẹlu awọn agbara tuntun rẹ, Binti ni imọlara pe Okwu wa ninu ewu. Binti yara pada si ile lati da awọn Khoush duro lati ma pa Okwu. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Amal El-Mohtar, nígbà tí ó ń ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìwé ìtàn NPR, àti Catherine Grant tí ó ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ fún ''ìwé ìròyìn New York Journal of Books'', àwọn méjèèjì gbóríyìn fún ìkọ̀wé Okorafor àti àìṣeéṣe rẹ̀ lórí àwọn ààlà oríṣiríṣi, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n rí i pé ìparí ọ̀rọ̀ náà kò tẹ́ni lọ́rùn. ''Binti: Home'' ni ẹni tí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Hugo fún Novella tí ó dára jùlọ àti Locus Award fún Novella tí ó dára jùlọ ní ọdún 2018. == Àwọn eré == # ''[[Binti (ìtàn ayélujára)|Binti]]'' – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2015 #: 1.5. "Binti: Iná Mímọ́" – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2019 gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtàn kúkúrú tuntun nínú àkójọ ''Binti: Ìlànà Àpapọ̀'' ; ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdènà láàrín ''Binti'' àti ''Home'' # ''Binti: Ilé'' – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2017 <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://io9.gizmodo.com/read-an-excerpt-from-nnedi-okorafors-sequel-to-her-awar-1787937009|title=Read an Excerpt From Nnedi Okorafor's Sequel to Her Award-Winning Space Adventure, Binti|last=Eddy|first=Cheryl|access-date=2017-02-08}}</ref> # ''Binti: Ìfarahàn Alẹ́'' – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2018 == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} t0f5wld9m4qzljcucyleynov0v5wn1c 0 84410 636962 2026-09-16T12:26:51Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340908095|The Day Ends Like Any Day]]" 636962 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:The_Day_Ends_Like_Any_Day.jpg|thumb| Àtẹ̀jáde àkọ́kọ́ (ẹ̀dà Holland House)]] '''''Ọjọ́ náà parí bí ọjọ́ èyíkéyìí''''' <ref>{{Cite book|url=http://www.hhousebooks.com/books/the-day-ends-like-any-other/|title=The Day Ends Like Any Day|last=Ogene|first1=Timothy|date=2017-04-06|publisher=Holland House|isbn=9781910688298|place=S.l.|language=en}}</ref> ( Holland House Books, 2017) jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn tí ó ń bọ̀ láti ọwọ́ akéwì àti òǹkọ̀wé [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|ará Nàìjíríà]] Timothy Ogene . <ref name="hollandhouse">{{Cite news|url=http://www.hhousebooks.com/books/the-day-ends-like-any-other/|title=The Day Ends Like Any Day|date=2017-03-01|journal=Holland House Books|accessdate=2017-04-05|language=en-US}}</ref> Àwọn àkójọpọ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ náà farahàn nínú ''ìwé ìròyìn One Throne'' àti ''The Missing Slate'' . == Àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò == "Ìtàn àtàtà Timothy Ogene jẹ́ irú ìwé tuntun ti Bildungsroman : Ìtàn Sam tún jẹ́ ìrìn àjò nínú ìwé àti ìrántí, débi pé ìrìn àjò ìgbésí ayé kìí ṣe pé a ń darí rẹ̀ síwájú nìkan, ṣùgbọ́n a tún ń darí rẹ̀ sí ẹ̀yìn." — ''Àtúnyẹ̀wò Ìwé Áfíríkà'' “Ìtàn àròsọ aláìlẹ́gbẹ́ yìí, tó ní ìmọ́lára, tó ń múni ronú jinlẹ̀, tó sì ń gbéni ró, ó wà lọ́kàn àwọn tó ń kà á, ó sì ń já wa gbà láti kojú àwọn ìbéèrè tó ń dà wá láàmú tó wà nínú rẹ̀.” — ''LitNet'' "Ìbísí tó tuni lára nínú ìwé kíkà ní Nàìjíríà ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí - èyí tí ó jẹ́ àfikún ìgbádùn..." — ''Àtúnyẹ̀wò Àwọn Ìwé ní Hong Kong'' <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://hkrbooks.com/2017/05/04/the-day-ends-like-any-day/|title=The Day Ends Like Any Day|access-date=2017-09-20}}</ref> "Ìwé 'The Day Ends Like Any Day' tí Timothy Ogene kọ ṣàlàyé bí àwọn ènìyàn ṣe máa ń gbé ìtàn ìgbà àtijọ́ wọn dání ní ibikíbi tí wọ́n bá lọ. Ó jẹ́ ìwé tó lágbára, tó sì ń béèrè fún ìwàláàlà àti ìrẹlẹ̀ láti mú kí àlàáfíà wà—ní ti ẹni tí ó ń kà á àti ti akọni pàtàkì inú ìwé náà pẹ̀lú." — Foreword Reviews ‘ ''Ọjọ́ Timothy Ogene parí bí'' ''ọjọ́ èyíkéyìí'' ṣe rí .. . Ìtàn orin, tó kún fún ìtara, àti tó ní ìpèníjà nípa ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìdámọ̀ àti onírúurú ìwà ọmọ [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|Nàìjíríà]] kan tó ń dàgbà ní àsìkò tí gbogbo nǹkan yí i ká ń yípadà ṣùgbọ́n tó kọ̀ láti gbà pé àwọn ìbànújẹ́ àti ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ àti ìgbà àtijọ́ ló dá ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ sílẹ̀. ' — ''Ìjápọ̀ Ìwé Áfíríkà'' ‘Ìwé ìtàn alárinrin Timothy Ogene jẹ́ “ìrísí tuntun ti Bildungsroman,” nínú èyí tí àkọlé ìtàn dídé ọjọ́ orí di ìbísí èdè: Ìtàn Sam tún jẹ́ ìrìn àjò nínú ìwé àti ìrántí, tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ìrìn àjò ìgbésí ayé kìí ṣe pé a ń darí rẹ̀ síwájú nìkan, ṣùgbọ́n a tún ń darí rẹ̀ sí ẹ̀yìn. ' — ''Daily Trust, Nàìjíríà'' == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> r60t52b1jy17svk6215ashnkxzegj8y 0 84411 636963 2026-09-16T12:28:22Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357486129|The Murders of Molly Southbourne]]" 636963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|italic title=<!--(see above)-->|name=The Murders of Molly Southbourne|image=The Murders of Molly Southbourne by Tade Thompson.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=First edition cover|authors=Tade Thompson|audio_read_by=|title_orig=|orig_lang_code=|title_working=|translators=|illustrators=|cover_artist=|country=|language=|series=|release_number=|subjects=|genres=[[Horror fiction|Horror]], [[Thriller (genre)|Thriller]]|set_in=|publisher=[[Tor.com]]|publisher2=|pub_date=3 October 2017|english_pub_date=|published=|media_type=Paperback|pages=128|awards=|isbn=978-0765397133|isbn_note=|oclc=|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=|followed_by=[[The Survival of Molly Southbourne]]|native_wikisource=|wikisource=|notes=|exclude_cover=|website=}} Ìwé ìtàn ẹ̀rù tó jáde ní ọdún 2017, tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà àti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì [[Tade Thompson|, Tade Thompson]] kọ, ni '''''The Murders of Molly Southbourne''''' . Ìtàn náà dá lórí ìgbésí ayé Molly Southbourne, ẹni tí àìsàn àdììtú kan ń yọ lẹ́nu. Nígbàkúgbà tí ẹ̀jẹ̀ bá ń jáde lára rẹ̀, ẹ̀jẹ̀ oní-ẹ̀jẹ̀ kan yóò máa jáde láti inú ẹ̀jẹ̀ rẹ̀, yóò sì gbìyànjú láti pa á. Ìwé ìtàn náà ní àwọn ìtẹ̀lé méjì: ''The Survival of Molly Southbourne'' (2019) àti ''The Legacy of Molly Southbourne'' (2022). == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Obinrin kan ti ara rẹ ti farapa ti ẹjẹ si n ṣan lara rẹ ji dide, o si ri ara rẹ ti wọn fi ẹwọn so mọ ogiri; ko le ranti orukọ rẹ tabi bi o ṣe de ipo yẹn. Obinrin ti o mu u, ti orukọ rẹ n jẹ Molly Southbourne, ti o si ni iṣoro ọpọlọ, sọ itan kan fun un. Wọn tọ́ Molly dagba ni oko kan ti o ya sọtọ. Nigbakugba ti ẹjẹ rẹ ba ṣan, Molly miiran yoo farahan. (Ṣugbọn, ẹjẹ awọn Molly miiran ko ni mu ki awọn Molly siwaju sii farahan). Ni ibẹrẹ, awọn Molly yẹn maa n dabi ẹni ti o ni ọrẹ, ṣugbọn laarin ọjọ mẹta tabi kere si, wọn yoo "yipada si ibi" wọn yoo si gbiyanju lati pa a. Ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga, Molly bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìbáṣepọ̀ ìgbà díẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ọkùnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Leon. Molly kan pa àwọn òbí Molly. Ó fi ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga sílẹ̀, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n nípa ẹ̀yà ara James Down sì gbà á síṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùrànlọ́wọ́ ìwádìí, ẹni tí ó bá pàdé nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín. Molly rí lẹ́tà kan láti ọ̀dọ̀ ìyá rẹ̀. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí amí ìjọba, wọ́n pàṣẹ fún ìyá rẹ̀ láti jí ìwádìí ìṣègùn ti ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan tí ó ń ṣe ìwádìí ìbímọ obìnrin tí kò lágbára. Ó fi omi ìwádìí kan sí ara rẹ̀, èyí sì mú kí ó ní àìsàn Molly. James ṣàwárí pé molly tirẹ̀, clone kan tí ó ń dàgbà díẹ̀díẹ̀ tí ó sì ya nígbẹ̀yìn gbẹ́yín tí ó sì pa Leon ni ó pa á. James ti ní àkóràn náà, yóò sì kú láìpẹ́. Molly kọ́ ilé ìṣọ́ kan sí ìsàlẹ̀ ilé rẹ̀. Molly fi hàn pé obìnrin tí wọ́n fi ẹ̀wọ̀n dè mọ́ ògiri ni molly kọ́kànlá tí ó fara hàn láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti kọ́ ilé ìgbẹ́ náà, àti èyí tí kò tíì ya wèrè. Molly pa ara rẹ̀, ó sì jẹ́ kí Molly tuntun gba ipò rẹ̀. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Àwọn ènìyàn gbà á ní ìkìlọ̀ nípa ìpànìyàn Molly Southbourne'', wọ́n sì yìn ín fún àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ rẹ̀ nípa ọpọlọ. Àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ìtàn àròsọ kan fi ìtàn àròsọ náà wé òwe nípa àìsàn ọpọlọ . Àwọn mìíràn fi í wé àwọn iṣẹ́ mìíràn tí wọ́n ṣe àfihàn àwọn iṣẹ́ tó ní àwọn ìwé tó ń jẹ́ doppelgängers nínú, bíi " William Wilson " láti ọwọ́ [[Edgar Allan Poe]] . Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò rere kan, ''Publishers Weekly'' pe ìwé ìtàn náà ní "ìwádìí ẹ̀jẹ̀ nípa ìdámọ̀ àti ara ẹni". {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Àwọn àmì ẹ̀yẹ àti ọlá ! Ọdún ! Ẹ̀bùn ! Ẹ̀ka ! Àbájáde ! Àtúnṣe. |- ! rowspan="2" | 2017 | Ẹ̀bùn BSFA | Ìtàn Àròsọ Kúkúrú| {{sho}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Shirley Jackson | Novella| {{sho|Nominated}} | |- ! rowspan="2" | 2018 | Ẹ̀bùn Ìròyìn Àròsọ ti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì | Novella| {{sho}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Nommo | Novella| {{won}} | |- ! 2020 | Ìdíje Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire | Ìtàn kúkúrú ti ilẹ̀ òkèèrè| {{won}} | |} == Àwọn àtúnṣe == Ní ọdún 2017, Welle Entertainmen ló yan ìwé ìtàn náà, Cathy Schulman sì ní láti ṣe àtúnṣe fíìmù, pẹ̀lú Krishnan Menon àti Adam Stone. Ní ọdún 2020, àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìṣelọ́pọ́ Edgar Wright, Nira Park, Joe Cornish àti Rachael Prior, ni wọ́n yàn láti ṣe àwọn eré náà fún iṣẹ́ ìgbéjáde [[Netflix]] . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=1 December 2021}}</ref> Iṣẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ Thompson àti ìwé ìtàn ''Tor.com'' àkọ́kọ́ ni èyí tí a yàn. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 1o98q4iaeqzzwdz9e04sowk3n2d0uo4 0 84412 636964 2026-09-16T12:30:20Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371838988|Stay with Me (novel)]]" 636964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Stay with Me|author=[[Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀]]|image=File:Stay with Me (novel).jpg|caption=First edition|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Domestic fiction|publisher=[[Canongate Books]]|pages=288|isbn=978-1782119463|media_type=Print|pub_date=March 2017}} {{Infobox book|name=Stay with Me|author=[[Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀]]|image=File:Stay with Me (novel).jpg|caption=First edition|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Domestic fiction|publisher=[[Canongate Books]]|pages=288|isbn=978-1782119463|media_type=Print|pub_date=March 2017}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ '''''Stay with Me''''' ni òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà, [[Ayobami Adebayo|Ayọ́bámi Adébáyọ̀,]] kọ. A kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2017, láti ọwọ́ Canongate Books ní UK àti lẹ́yìn náà láti ọwọ́ Alfred A. Knopf ní Amẹ́ríkà. <ref name="Diana Evans review">{{Cite news|url=Diana Evans|title=Stay With Me by Ayòbámi Adébáyò review – a big-hearted Nigerian debut|last=Evans|first=Diana|date=9 March 2017}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Yejide ati Akinyele pade fun igba akọkọ ni ibi iṣafihan fiimu kan ni Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ife, nibi ti wọn ti bẹrẹ si ni fẹran ara wọn. Ni ọdun 1981, wọn ti ṣe igbeyawo, ṣugbọn lẹhin ọdun mẹrin, wọn ko tii ni ọmọ kankan. Bi o tilẹ jẹ pe wọn gbiyanju ọpọlọpọ awọn ọna lati ni ọmọ, wọn ko le loyun. Akin wa lati inu idile Yoruba ti o ni aṣa ati iwa ibile, ati pe lẹhin ọdun diẹ ninu igbeyawo wọn, idile rẹ bẹrẹ si ni ni aniyan pupọ nitori aini ọmọ tọkọtaya naa. Iya Akin, ti a n pe ni Moomi, ṣeto fun Akin lati fẹ iyawo keji, ọdọmọbinrin kan ti a n pe ni Funmi. Yejide ati Akin, ti awọn mejeeji dagba ni ile ti wọn ti n ṣe igbeyawo pẹlu obinrin ju ọkan lọ, ko fẹran iru iṣe bẹẹ, ṣugbọn titẹmọni lati ọdọ iya rẹ ati awọn ẹlomiran pọ ju ki wọn le koju rẹ lọ; nikẹhin, o gba lati fẹ Funmi, Yejide si ni lati gba a. Wiwa Funmi fa ọpọlọpọ awọn iṣẹlẹ nibi ti Yejide ti n gbiyanju gidigidi lati loyun, ati lati daabobo ara rẹ, igbeyawo rẹ, ati awọn ọmọ rẹ lọwọ wahala ati ajalu. Nikẹhin, o loyun, ṣugbọn o jẹ pẹlu idiyele ti o ga pupọ ju eyi ti o le ti ro lọ. Ìwé náà dá lórí àwọn ìṣòro tí tọkọtaya kan ní Nàìjíríà, Yejide àti Akin dojú kọ, bí wọ́n ṣe ń kojú àìlóyún àti ìfúngunmọ́ àwùjọ. Ìtàn wọn ṣàlàyé àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìfẹ́, ìjìyà, àti ìrúbọ tí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe fún ìdílé. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == A kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ''ìwé Stay with Me'' jáde ní ọdún 2017 ní UK láti ọwọ́ Canongate Books, pẹ̀lú ìyìn àríwísí, <ref>{{Cite news|author=Angelini|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="Diana Evans review" /> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Walker|language=en-US}}</ref> àti kí a tó tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde, wọ́n ti yan orúkọ wọn fún <nowiki><i id="mwMA">Kwani?</i></nowiki> Iṣẹ́ Àfọwọ́kọ, ẹ̀bùn fún ìtàn àròsọ tí a kò tẹ̀ jáde, èyí tí olóòtú eré náà jẹ́ Ellah Wakatama Allfrey . Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ lórí ìwé ìtàn àròsọ fún ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The New York Times|The New York Times,]]'' Michiko Kakutani ṣàpèjúwe Adébáyọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “onítàn ìtàn tó tayọ,” ó fi kún un pé: “Kì í ṣe pẹ̀lú oore-ọ̀fẹ́ àrà ọ̀tọ̀ nìkan ló ń kọ, ṣùgbọ́n pẹ̀lú ọgbọ́n tòótọ́ nípa ìfẹ́ àti àdánù àti ìṣeéṣe ìràpadà. Ó ti kọ ìwé tó lágbára tó sì ń múni bínú.” Alfred A. Knopf ló tẹ̀ ìwé náà jáde ní Amẹ́ríkà àti ní Nàìjíríà láti ọwọ́ Ouida Books . A ti túmọ̀ rẹ̀ sí èdè tó ju méjìdínlógún lọ. Àwọn ìwé ìròyìn kan yan án gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé pàtàkì ọdún náà, títí bí ìwé ìròyìn ''The New York Times'', ''The Economist'', ''The Wall Street Journal'' àti ''[[The Guardian]]'' . <ref>{{Cite news|date=22 November 2017|title=100 Notable Books of 2017 (Published 2017)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|first=Olimpia|last=Zagnoli|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/22/books/review/100-notable-books-2017.html|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Wọ́n yan ''Stay with Me'' fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé Wellcome, <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://publishingperspectives.com/2018/03/wellcome-book-prize-shortlist-2018/|title=Wellcome Book Prize's 2018 Shortlist: Five of Six Titles Are by Women|first=Porter|last=Anderson|date=19 March 2018|access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref> ẹ̀bùn obìnrin Baileys fún ìtàn àròsọ, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/mar/08/baileys-womens-prize-2017-longlist-sees-established-names-eclipse-debuts|title=Baileys women's prize 2017 longlist sees established names eclipse debuts|last=Kean|first=Danuta|date=7 March 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-39478026|title=Baileys Prize reveals 'daring and intimate' shortlist|date=3 April 2017|access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref> àti fún ẹ̀bùn 9mobile fún ìwé kíkà, èyí tí ó tẹ̀síwájú láti gbà ní ọdún 2019. Wọ́n tún ti yan orúkọ rẹ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé kíkà ti Dublin àti ẹ̀bùn Dylan Thomas . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://zodml.org/blog/ayobami-adebayo-longlisted-dylan-thomas-prize#.WyPtE6dKjIU|title=Ayobami Adebayo, longlisted for Dylan Thomas Prize|first=Nkem|last=Egenuka|date=15 March 2018|access-date=21 August 2022|archivedate=6 April 2019}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2020, wọ́n fún ''Reste Avec Moi'', àtúnse èdè Faransé ti ''Stay with Me'', ní [[Prix Les Afriques]], tí Josette Chicheportiche túmọ̀, tí Charleston Editions sì tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2019. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 35dh10mw96w3lf5ey9ry2bakq889ova 637129 636964 2026-09-17T05:16:47Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Stay with Me|author=[[Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀]]|image=File:Stay with Me (novel).jpg|caption=First edition|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Domestic fiction|publisher=[[Canongate Books]]|pages=288|isbn=978-1782119463|media_type=Print|pub_date=March 2017}} {{Infobox book|name=Stay with Me|author=[[Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀]]|image=File:Stay with Me (novel).jpg|caption=First edition|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Domestic fiction|publisher=[[Canongate Books]]|pages=288|isbn=978-1782119463|media_type=Print|pub_date=March 2017}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ '''''Stay with Me''''' ni òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà, [[Ayobami Adebayo|Ayọ́bámi Adébáyọ̀,]] kọ. A kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2017, láti ọwọ́ Canongate Books ní UK àti lẹ́yìn náà láti ọwọ́ Alfred A. Knopf ní Amẹ́ríkà. <ref name="Diana Evans review">{{Cite news|url=Diana Evans|title=Stay With Me by Ayòbámi Adébáyò review – a big-hearted Nigerian debut|last=Evans|first=Diana|date=9 March 2017}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Yejide ati Akinyele pade fun igba akọkọ ni ibi iṣafihan fiimu kan ni Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ife, nibi ti wọn ti bẹrẹ si ni fẹran ara wọn. Ni ọdun 1981, wọn ti ṣe igbeyawo, ṣugbọn lẹhin ọdun mẹrin, wọn ko tii ni ọmọ kankan. Bi o tilẹ jẹ pe wọn gbiyanju ọpọlọpọ awọn ọna lati ni ọmọ, wọn ko le loyun. Akin wa lati inu idile Yoruba ti o ni aṣa ati iwa ibile, ati pe lẹhin ọdun diẹ ninu igbeyawo wọn, idile rẹ bẹrẹ si ni ni aniyan pupọ nitori aini ọmọ tọkọtaya naa. Iya Akin, ti a n pe ni Moomi, ṣeto fun Akin lati fẹ iyawo keji, ọdọmọbinrin kan ti a n pe ni Funmi. Yejide ati Akin, ti awọn mejeeji dagba ni ile ti wọn ti n ṣe igbeyawo pẹlu obinrin ju ọkan lọ, ko fẹran iru iṣe bẹẹ, ṣugbọn titẹmọni lati ọdọ iya rẹ ati awọn ẹlomiran pọ ju ki wọn le koju rẹ lọ; nikẹhin, o gba lati fẹ Funmi, Yejide si ni lati gba a. Wiwa Funmi fa ọpọlọpọ awọn iṣẹlẹ nibi ti Yejide ti n gbiyanju gidigidi lati loyun, ati lati daabobo ara rẹ, igbeyawo rẹ, ati awọn ọmọ rẹ lọwọ wahala ati ajalu. Nikẹhin, o loyun, ṣugbọn o jẹ pẹlu idiyele ti o ga pupọ ju eyi ti o le ti ro lọ. Ìwé náà dá lórí àwọn ìṣòro tí tọkọtaya kan ní Nàìjíríà, Yejide àti Akin dojú kọ, bí wọ́n ṣe ń kojú àìlóyún àti ìfúngunmọ́ àwùjọ. Ìtàn wọn ṣàlàyé àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìfẹ́, ìjìyà, àti ìrúbọ tí àwọn ènìyàn ń ṣe fún ìdílé. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == A kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ''ìwé Stay with Me'' jáde ní ọdún 2017 ní UK láti ọwọ́ Canongate Books, pẹ̀lú ìyìn àríwísí, <ref>{{Cite news|author=Angelini|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="Diana Evans review" /> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Walker|language=en-US}}</ref> àti kí a tó tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde, wọ́n ti yan orúkọ wọn fún <nowiki><i id="mwMA">Kwani?</i></nowiki> Iṣẹ́ Àfọwọ́kọ, ẹ̀bùn fún ìtàn àròsọ tí a kò tẹ̀ jáde, èyí tí olóòtú eré náà jẹ́ Ellah Wakatama Allfrey . Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ lórí ìwé ìtàn àròsọ fún ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The New York Times|The New York Times,]]'' Michiko Kakutani ṣàpèjúwe Adébáyọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “onítàn ìtàn tó tayọ,” ó fi kún un pé: “Kì í ṣe pẹ̀lú oore-ọ̀fẹ́ àrà ọ̀tọ̀ nìkan ló ń kọ, ṣùgbọ́n pẹ̀lú ọgbọ́n tòótọ́ nípa ìfẹ́ àti àdánù àti ìṣeéṣe ìràpadà. Ó ti kọ ìwé tó lágbára tó sì ń múni bínú.” Alfred A. Knopf ló tẹ̀ ìwé náà jáde ní Amẹ́ríkà àti ní Nàìjíríà láti ọwọ́ Ouida Books . A ti túmọ̀ rẹ̀ sí èdè tó ju méjìdínlógún lọ. Àwọn ìwé ìròyìn kan yan án gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé pàtàkì ọdún náà, títí bí ìwé ìròyìn ''The New York Times'', ''The Economist'', ''The Wall Street Journal'' àti ''[[The Guardian]]'' . <ref>{{Cite news|date=22 November 2017|title=100 Notable Books of 2017 (Published 2017)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|first=Olimpia|last=Zagnoli|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/22/books/review/100-notable-books-2017.html|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Wọ́n yan ''Stay with Me'' fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé Wellcome, <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://publishingperspectives.com/2018/03/wellcome-book-prize-shortlist-2018/|title=Wellcome Book Prize's 2018 Shortlist: Five of Six Titles Are by Women|first=Porter|last=Anderson|date=19 March 2018|access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref> ẹ̀bùn obìnrin Baileys fún ìtàn àròsọ, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/mar/08/baileys-womens-prize-2017-longlist-sees-established-names-eclipse-debuts|title=Baileys women's prize 2017 longlist sees established names eclipse debuts|last=Kean|first=Danuta|date=7 March 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-39478026|title=Baileys Prize reveals 'daring and intimate' shortlist|date=3 April 2017|access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref> àti fún ẹ̀bùn 9mobile fún ìwé kíkà, èyí tí ó tẹ̀síwájú láti gbà ní ọdún 2019. Wọ́n tún ti yan orúkọ rẹ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé kíkà ti Dublin àti ẹ̀bùn Dylan Thomas . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://zodml.org/blog/ayobami-adebayo-longlisted-dylan-thomas-prize#.WyPtE6dKjIU|title=Ayobami Adebayo, longlisted for Dylan Thomas Prize|first=Nkem|last=Egenuka|date=15 March 2018|access-date=21 August 2022|archivedate=6 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406205816/https://zodml.org/blog/ayobami-adebayo-longlisted-dylan-thomas-prize#.WyPtE6dKjIU|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2020, wọ́n fún ''Reste Avec Moi'', àtúnse èdè Faransé ti ''Stay with Me'', ní [[Prix Les Afriques]], tí Josette Chicheportiche túmọ̀, tí Charleston Editions sì tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2019. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 5q33ide41lzf6mhj68t50k4mamxp7iz 0 84413 636965 2026-09-16T12:31:33Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1162959837|Unbridled (novel)]]" 636965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Unbridled|image=Unbridled (novel).jpg|caption=|author=[[Jude Dibia]]|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=[[English language|English]]|genre=[[Literary fiction]]|publisher=|pub_date=|media_type=Print ([[hardcover]])|pages=248{{efn|for the 2009 edition}}|isbn=9781770095267}} '''"Unbridled"''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ tí Jude Dibia, òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, kọ. Wọ́n kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2007. <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Violations of Women's Right In Jude Dibia's ''UNBRIDLED''|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334598724}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=Otosirieze Obi-Young}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} eocxo2ipnzp7oxeefz2euhadaey82fv 0 84414 636966 2026-09-16T12:46:50Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345263114|Sweet Sixteen (Abdullahi novel)]]" 636966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Sweet Sixteen|author=[[Bolaji Abdullahi]]|image=File:Sweet Sixteen (novel).jpg|caption=|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=[[Bildungsroman]]|isbn=9-789-78546375-0|publisher=TND Press|pub_date=2017|pages=157}} '''''Ìtàn Sweet Sixteen, Ìtàn Ìbísí Ọjọ́-orí''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2017 tí olóṣèlú àti òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà [[Bolaji Abdullahi|, Bolaji Abdullahi, kọ]] . Ìwé náà dá lórí Aliya, ọ̀dọ́bìnrin kan tí ó ní láti rán bàbá rẹ̀ létí pé òun kì í ṣe ọmọdé mọ́, ṣùgbọ́n pé òun ti dàgbà dé ìpele ọ̀dọ́. Wọ́n yan ìwé *Sweet Sixteen* gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé ìtàn àròsọ fún ìdánwò ẹ̀kọ́ Lítíréṣọ̀ ní èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ti àjọ Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) ti Orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 2019. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-03-07|title=JAMB: What candidates need know before exam|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/03/jamb-what-candidates-need-know-before-exam/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-02-18|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Àkótán == Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ''Sweet Sixteen'' wáyé ní ìparí ọ̀sẹ̀ kan, wọ́n sì tẹ̀lé Aliya, ẹni tí ó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún. Bàbá rẹ̀, oníròyìn tó ti fẹ̀yìntì, ti kọ lẹ́tà gígùn kan fún un tó ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ títí di ìsinsìnyí, tó sì fún un ní ìmọ̀ràn nípa ọjọ́ iwájú. == Ìdàgbàsókè == Abdullahi gba awokose fun iwe itan naa lati odo awon omobinrin re, ti o si so pe “won n dagba ni kiakia”. Ó ní àníyàn nípa “irú ìwà rere tí wọ́n ń hù ní àárín ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ nǹkan tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ káàkiri orílẹ̀-èdè náà” ó sì kọ lẹ́tà sí ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ àgbà. Ó pín ìwé náà pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀, àwọn kan lára wọn sì kàn sí Abdullahi láti jíròrò àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ìbálòpọ̀, èyí sì mú kí ó kọ ìwé ''Sweet Sixteen'' kí ó lè dé ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i. <ref>{{Cite news|title=I like doing house chores to encourage my sons –Bolaji Abdullahi|url=https://punchng.com/i-like-doing-house-chores-to-encourage-my-sons-bolaji-abdullahi/|access-date=2021-02-18|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|date=25 August 2019|language=en-US}}</ref> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Akin Oseni, olùṣàtúnyẹ̀wò fún ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]'', sọ pé "bóyá Bolaji Abdullahi ti ṣe àṣeyọrí gẹ́gẹ́ bí olóṣèlú tàbí bẹ́ẹ̀ kọ́ jẹ́ àríyànjiyàn pàtàkì fún àwọn amòfin ìṣèlú láti bá ara wọn ṣọ̀rọ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n pẹ̀lú ẹ̀bùn ''Sweet Sixteen'', ó ṣeé ṣe kí òǹkọ̀wé wa ní ohun púpọ̀ láti fún aráyé ní ìwé ju ti ìṣèlú lọ." <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Oseni|first=Akin|date=March 6, 2019|title=In Sweet Sixteen, Abdullahi interrogates moral enlightenment, self-identity|url=https://guardian.ng/art/in-sweet-sixteen-abdullahi-interrogates-moral-enlightenment-self-identity/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-02-18|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> ''[[Media Trust|Ìwé ìròyìn Daily Trust]]'' kọ̀wé pé ó jẹ́ “ìtàn tó gbayì, tó kún fún ìwà rere, tó sì ní ọ̀rọ̀ orin tó dùn mọ́ni àti èdè ọ̀dọ́langba…ìtàn ìtàn, ọ̀rẹ́ mi, OMG àti àwọn mìíràn.” <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dailytrust.com/a-tricky-tale-for-teenagers-a-review-of-sweet-sixteen-a-coming-of-age-story-by-bolaji-abdullahi|title=A Tricky Tale For Teenagers: A Review Of Sweet Sixteen (A Coming Of Age Story) By Bolaji Abdullahi|date=2017-04-09|access-date=2021-03-03|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} qf8slhqpr86ebp77trf0qnp4bhk53ns 0 84415 636967 2026-09-16T12:48:00Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366232139|When We Speak of Nothing]]" 636967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=When We Speak of Nothing|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|authors=[[Olumide Popoola]]|country=Nigeria|language=English|genres=Coming-of-age fiction|publisher=[[Cassava Republic Press]]|pub_date=3 July 2017|media_type=Print (paperback), e-book|pages=256|isbn=978-1-911115-45-8}}Ìwé ìtàn '''''When We Speak of Nothing''''' tí a kọ ní ọdún 2017 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà-Jẹ́mánì, Olumide Popoola, ni “When We Speak of Nothing.” Ìwé ìròyìn Cassava Republic Press tẹ̀ jáde, ó sì tẹ̀lé àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba méjì tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì dúdú, Karl àti Abu, tí ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ wọn jẹ́ ìdánwò nípasẹ̀ ẹ̀yà-ìyà-ẹni-lára, ìdààmú ìdílé, ìbálòpọ̀, àti ìrúkèrúdò ní England ní ọdún 2011. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn ìwé yìí wáyé ní pàtàkì ní ìlú London ní ọdún 2011, ó sì dá lórí ìtàn Karl àti Abu, àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ tímọ́tímọ́ méjì tí wọ́n dàgbà ní agbègbè King's Cross. Nígbà tí Abu dúró sí London láàárín àkókò tí ìforígbárí lórí ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀yà ń pọ̀ sí i, Karl rin ìrìn-àjò lọ sí Port Harcourt ní Nàìjíríà lẹ́yìn tí ó gbọ́ pé bàbá òun—ẹni tí wọ́n ti ya ara wọn sọ́tọ̀ tipẹ́tipẹ́—ṣì wà láàyè. Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ìdánimọ̀, ìdílé, ìbálòpọ̀, àti ìmọ̀lára jíjẹ́ ara àwùjọ kan ló ní ipa lórí ìrírí wọn, kí wọ́n tó tún pàdé ara wọn lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìrúkèrúdò tí ó wáyé ní England ní ọdún 2011. == Àwọn Àkòrí == Àwọn olùṣe àríwísí ti sọ pé ẹ̀yà, ìdánimọ̀, ọkùnrin, ìbálòpọ̀, ìbálòpọ̀, ẹgbẹ́, àti jíjẹ́ ara ẹni gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn kókó pàtàkì nínú ìwé ìtàn náà. Ìtàn náà tún ṣàlàyé àwọn ipa tí ìrúkèrúdò London ti ọdún 2011 àti ìṣòro àyíká ní Niger Delta ti Nàìjíríà ní ìrírí Karl ní Port Harcourt. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò fún ''Financial Times'', Diana Evans ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “àyẹ̀wò ìtẹ́lọ́rùn àti òye nípa bí gbogbo ènìyàn ṣe ń farahàn lòdì sí àwọn ìṣòro tí àwùjọ tí ó ń dínkù ń fà.” <ref>{{Cite news|author=Evans}}</ref> ''Kirkus Reviews'' gbóríyìn fún ìfẹ́ ọkàn ìwé ìtàn náà láti ṣe àwárí ẹ̀yà, ìdánimọ̀, ìpele, àti ìbálòpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìrírí àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba méjì tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì dúdú, nígbà tí wọ́n sì tún kíyèsí pé ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ máa ń mú kí ìtàn náà dà bí èyí tí ó kún fún ènìyàn jù nígbà míì. Nígbà tí [[Ainehi Edoro]] ń kọ̀wé fún ''Brittle Paper'', ó ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí a “kọ́ sórí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ ìdààmú” ó sì gbóríyìn fún èdè ọ̀dọ́ àti bí ó ṣe ń ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba méjì tí wọ́n ń rìnrìn àjò lórí ìtàn àti ìdámọ̀. Àtúnyẹ̀wò Jerry Chiemeke fún ''BellaNaija'' ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìtàn tó dára” tó ń ṣàwárí ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́, ìdààmú ẹ̀yà, àjọṣepọ̀ ìdílé, àti ìgbà ọ̀dọ́. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} gaa2fre5ury5hoc2hzhyzptbr448gvt 0 84416 636968 2026-09-16T12:49:32Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359342081|Binti: The Night Masquerade]]" 636968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Binti: The Night Masquerade|image=Binti-The Night Masquerade.jpg|caption=First edition|author=[[Nnedi Okorafor]]|audio_read_by=[[Robin Miles]]|cover_artist=[[David Palumbo]]|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Science Fiction|pub_date=January 2018|publisher=Tor.com|isbn=978-0-7653-9313-5|pages=208|preceded_by=[[Binti: Home]]|followed_by=|series=''[[Binti Trilogy]]''}} '''''Binti: The Night Masquerade''' j''ẹ́ ìtàn kúkúrú tí ó dá lórí ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àti àròsọ (science fiction), èyí tí Nnedi Okorafor kọ. Ilé-iṣẹ́ Tor.com ló tẹ ìwé náà jáde ní ọdún 2018, ó sì jẹ́ ìwé ìparí nínú àkọ́jọ ìtàn oní-apá mẹ́ta ti *Binti*, èyí tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú *Binti* (ní ọdún 2015) àti *Binti: Home* (ní ọdún 2017). Nígbà tí wọ́n tẹ gbogbo àkọ́jọ ìtàn náà jáde papọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí *Binti: The Complete Trilogy*, Okorafor fi ìtàn kúkúrú mìíràn kún un tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ "Binti: Sacred Fire". == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Binti padà sílé láti ṣe àwárí agbára rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùbáṣepọ̀, ó sì gbọ́dọ̀ wá ọ̀nà láti dá ogun tí Khoush ń jà dúró láti pa Okwu àti ìran Meduse run. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ìwé ìròyìn ''The Night Masquerade'' gba àtúnyẹ̀wò tó gbajúmọ̀ láti ''ọ̀dọ̀ Booklist'' . Ó dámọ̀ràn pé kí á kọ́kọ́ ka ''Binti'' àti ''Home'', àmọ́ ó tẹ̀síwájú láti gbóríyìn fún “àwòrán aláwọ̀ dúdú” tí Okorafor ṣe kí ó lè parí sí ìtàn mẹ́ta náà dáadáa. Nínú ''ìwé Locus'', Liz Bourke pè é ní ìwé ìtàn àròsọ tó gbayì tó sì wúni lórí gidigidi nítorí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tó hàn gbangba tí kò sì ní àwọ̀ àti ìṣísẹ̀ tó lágbára. AudioFile tún yin àwòrán tó ṣe kedere àti ìfaradà àwọn ohun kikọ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe kọ ọ́ nínú ìwé ohùn náà, ó sì pè é ní àrà ọ̀tọ̀ àti ìtura. Ní ọwọ́ kejì ẹ̀wẹ̀, nígbà tí Amal El-Mohtar ń ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìwé ìtàn NPR, ó ní ìmọ̀lára onírúurú, ó ní “Lẹ́yìn tí mo nífẹ̀ẹ́ ''Ilé'' bíi ti èmi, mo fẹ́ kí èyí túbọ̀ le koko, kí n ronú jinlẹ̀, kí n sì ṣe iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ púpọ̀ sí i.” Ó nímọ̀lára ìbínú sí ìtàn náà nígbà míì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí kì í ka ìwé lásán, ṣùgbọ́n láti ojú ìwòye ẹ̀kọ́, ó rí i pé ààlà ìrònú ìtàn náà jẹ́ ohun tí ń ru ìmọ̀lára sókè. Ìwé ìròyìn Publishers Weekly tún ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò onírúurú pẹ̀lú “àkójọpọ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀” àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí kò tó nǹkan, ṣùgbọ́n nígbẹ̀yìn gbẹ́yín, ó gbàgbọ́ pé iṣẹ́ náà “dára, ó máa ń múni rẹ́rìn-ín, ó sì máa ń jẹ́ ohun ìrántí.” Ó gba àwọn àyànfẹ́ fún Novella tó dáa Jùlọ ní ọdún 2018 láti ọ̀dọ̀ Hugo Awards, British Fantasy Awards, àti Nommo Awards . == Àwọn eré == # ''[[Binti (ìtàn ayélujára)|Binti]]'' – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2015 #: 1.5. "Binti: Iná Mímọ́" – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2019 gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtàn kúkúrú tuntun nínú àkójọ ''Binti: Ìlànà Àpapọ̀'' ; ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdènà láàrín ''Binti'' àti ''Home'' # ''Binti: Ilé'' – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2017 <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://io9.gizmodo.com/read-an-excerpt-from-nnedi-okorafors-sequel-to-her-awar-1787937009|title=Read an Excerpt From Nnedi Okorafor's Sequel to Her Award-Winning Space Adventure, Binti|newspaper=io9|access-date=2017-02-08|language=en-US}}</ref> # ''Binti: Ìfarahàn Alẹ́'' – tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2018 == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references> <ref name="NPR" /> <ref name="Booklist" /> <ref name="PW" /> <ref name="Locus-review" /> <ref name="AF" /> <ref name="Hugo" /> <ref name="BFA" /> <ref name="Nommo" /> </references> 6p875z4n67wo80h1c7fqu6cpmsyenef 0 84417 636969 2026-09-16T12:50:28Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364971197|Buried Beneath the Baobab Tree]]" 636969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|isbn=978-0-062-69672-4|pub_date=September 4, 2018|publisher=[[Katherine Tegen Books]]|author=[[Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani]]|image=Buried Beneath the Baobab Tree.jpg|caption=First edition cover}}   '''''Sin Under the Baobab Tree''''' jẹ aramada agbalagba ọdọ 2018 ti a kọ nipasẹ aramada ara ilu Naijiria Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani, ti Katherine Tegen Books gbejade, ami ti HarperCollins. Ìwé ìtàn náà dá lórí jíjí àwọn ọmọbìnrin Chibok àti bí wọ́n ṣe padà sílé. Ìtàn àròsọ náà, tí a ń pè ní Ya Ta, fi òye hàn nípa ìjínigbé àti ìjẹ́wọ́ ẹ̀sìn Islam fún àwọn ọmọdé tí wọ́n jí gbé. Nígbà tí wọ́n bá jí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gbé, wọ́n máa ń yan àwọn nǹkan tí wọ́n fẹ́, yálà kí wọ́n yípadà sí ẹ̀sìn Islam tàbí kí wọ́n kú; Ya Ta àti ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ Sarah yóò yan ìyè. <ref name="Common" /> Ya Ta (tí a mọ̀ sí Salamatu lẹ́yìn náà) di ìgbàgbọ́ Kristẹni rẹ̀ mú, nígbà tí Sarah (tí a mọ̀ sí Zainab) nífẹ̀ẹ́ “ọkọ” tí a yàn fún un. <ref name="Common">{{Cite web|archivedate=18 August 2023}}</ref> == Àwọn ìgbàlejò pàtàkì == ''Wọ́n sin ín sí ìsàlẹ̀ igi Baobab,'' wọ́n gba àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò tí wọ́n kópa nínú rẹ̀ láti inú ''Booklist'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2023-04-07}}</ref> ''Kirkus Reviews'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-04-10}}</ref> àti ''Publishers Weekly'' . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2024-08-25}}</ref> ''Ìwé ìròyìn The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books'', <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2018|title=Buried beneath the Baobab Tree by Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani (review)|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/1/article/701535}}</ref> Common Sense Media, <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2023-09-23}}</ref> àti ''School Library Journal'' tún ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìwé ìtàn náà. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2024-08-25}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2018, ''Booklist'' sọ ọ́ di ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìtàn àròsọ tó dára jùlọ fún àwọn tó ti pẹ́. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2022-01-07}}</ref> Ní ọdún tó tẹ̀lé e, Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Ilé Ìkàwé Àwọn Ọ̀dọ́langba fi kún àkójọ Àwọn Ìwé Àròsọ Tí Ó Dára Jùlọ fún Àwọn Ọ̀dọ́langba <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2023-02-12}}</ref> àti Àwọn Ìwé Àròsọ Àgbàyanu fún Àwọn Ọ̀dọ́langba . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2023-04-04}}</ref>{{Clear}} == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} aoh0wrhb0lzms4wdejloimadswfruqw 0 84418 636971 2026-09-16T12:51:39Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753868|My Sister, the Serial Killer]]" 636971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|<!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Novels or Wikipedia:WikiProject_Books -->|country=Nigeria}} '''''Àbúrò mi obìnrin, Apànìyàn Serial''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ọdún 2018 tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà [[Oyinkan Braithwaite]] kọ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=O'Grady}}</ref> Wọ́n kọ́kọ́ tẹ ìwé àròkọ Braithwaite jáde ní Nàìjíríà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé oní-ẹ̀rọ-ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ pẹ̀lú àkọlé rẹ̀ tó ní ''Thicker Than Water'' ní ọdún 2017 kí wọ́n tó fi ìwé Doubleday Books síta ní Amẹ́ríkà ní ọjọ́ ogún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2018. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ni ilu Eko, ni orilẹ-ede Naijiria, Korede jẹ́ nọọsi ti o ni ibasepọ to jinlẹ pẹlu aburo rẹ obinrin, Ayoola. Ayoola ni ẹni ti o lẹwa julọ, ti a si fẹran julọ ninu awọn arabinrin mejeeji, o si le jẹ́ ẹni ti o ni iṣoro ọpọlọ ti ko ni aanu fun ẹlomiran (ti a mọ si *sociopath*). Fun igba kẹta ọtọọtọ, Ayoola ti fi ọbẹ gun ọrẹkunrin rẹ pa, eyi ti o sọ pe o ṣe lati daabobo ara rẹ. Gẹgẹ bi igba ti tẹlẹ, Korede n ran an lọwọ lati sọ oku naa nu ati lati pa gbogbo ẹri ti o le fi i han rẹrẹ. Iwa ọgbọn ati ifarabalẹ Korede n ṣe idiwọ fun Ayoola lati huwa ni ọna ti yoo fa ifura nipa ọrẹkunrin rẹ ti "o ti sọnu" naa—bii ki o ma fi awọn nkan ranṣẹ si ori ayelujara nigba ti o yẹ ki o wa ninu ibanujẹ. Korede nímọ̀lára pé wọn kò mọrírì rẹ̀ nítorí ó máa ń bẹ̀rù pé wọ́n á mú wọn, àti pé Ayoola yóò tún pa wọ́n. Kò fi ara rẹ̀ pamọ́ sí aláìsàn kan tí ó dákú ní ilé ìwòsàn tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́. Ó nífẹ̀ẹ́ Tade gan-an, dókítà onínúure àti arẹwà kan tí kò kíyè sí ìfẹ́ rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n, nígbà tí ó pàdé Ayoola, ó ní ìfẹ́ sí i lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, wọ́n sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í fẹ́ ara wọn. Korede bẹ̀rù pé Tade ni yóò jẹ́ ẹni tí Ayoola yóò tẹ̀lé, ó sì gbọ́dọ̀ ronú nípa ohun tí ó fẹ́ ṣe fún àbúrò rẹ̀. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Arábìnrin mi, Serial Killer'' ni <nowiki><i id="mwHQ">Deadline</i></nowiki> ṣe àpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìtàn apanilẹ́rìn-ín tí ó ṣókùnkùn, tí a ń tàn káàkiri ní àwọn agbègbè ìtẹ̀wé.” <ref name="theladysroom.ng2">{{Cite web|archivedate=12 March 2024}}</ref> Ìwé ìtàn náà gba ẹ̀bùn ìwé <nowiki><i id="mwJA">Los Angeles Times</i></nowiki> ti ọdún 2019 fún ohun ìjìnlẹ̀/àròjinlẹ̀ tó dára jùlọ, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Congratulations to the Winners of the Los Angeles Times Book Prizes|url=https://bookmarks.reviews/congratulations-to-the-winners-of-the-los-angeles-times-book-prizes/|access-date=12 December 2020|publisher=Book Marks}}</ref> ẹ̀bùn Amazon Publishing Reader's Award ti ọdún 2019 fún ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ tó dára jùlọ, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Rankin, Braithwaite and Killing Eve win Amazon Publishing Readers' Awards|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/rankin-braithwaite-and-killing-eve-win-amazon-publishing-readers-awards-1090116#:~:text=Rankin%20triumphed%20to%20take%20home,The%20Serial%20Killer%20(Atlantic).|access-date=12 December 2020|publisher=The Bookseller}}</ref> ẹ̀bùn Anthony ti ọdún 2019 fún ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ tó dára jùlọ, <ref>{{Cite news|title=ANNOUNCING THE 2019 ANTHONY AWARD WINNERS|url=https://crimereads.com/announcing-the-2019-anthony-award-winners/|access-date=12 December 2020|publisher=CrimeReads}}</ref> àti ẹ̀bùn ìwé ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ti ọdún 2020 fún ìwé ìtàn àti ìwé ìtàn tó dára jùlọ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=My Sister, The Serial Killer Wins Crime Fiction Book of the Year|url=https://brittlepaper.com/2020/07/my-sister-the-serial-killer-wins-crime-fiction-book-of-the-year/|access-date=12 December 2020|publisher=Brittle Paper}}</ref> Ìwé ìtàn náà wà ní àkójọpọ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn Booker ti ọdún 2019, ó sì jẹ́ àkọlé kejì tí ó tà jùlọ lórí àkójọ náà ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2019, pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹyọ 13,052 tí a tà gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nielsen BookScan ti sọ. ''Àbúrò mi obìnrin, Apànìyàn Serial'' ni ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The New York Times]] ,'' <ref>{{Cite news|last=Sehgal|first=Parul|date=14 November 2018|title=Helping Out Family Is Taken to Extremes in 'My Sister, the Serial Killer'|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/14/books/review-my-sister-serial-killer-oyinkan-braithwaite.html|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Rocco|first=Fiammetta|date=9 January 2019|title=In This Novel, One Sister Is a Nurse. The Other Is a Murderer.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/09/books/review/oyinkan-braithwaite-my-sister-the-serial-killer.html|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref> ''The Washington Post ,'' <ref>{{Cite news|last=Michaud|first=Jon|date=19 November 2018|title=A woman on a killing spree gets some help from her enabling sister|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/a-woman-on-a-killing-spree-gets-some-help-from-her-enabling-sister/2018/11/17/852b5f94-e9dc-11e8-a939-9469f1166f9d_story.html|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref> ''Marie Claire'' àti àwọn òǹkọ̀wé [[Ayobami Adebayo|Ayọ́bámi Adébáyọ̀]] àti Edgar Cantero ti gbóríyìn fún. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/life/16-questions-with-oyinkan-braithwaite/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=16 Questions With Oyinkan Braithwaite|last=Mordi|first=Mellisa|date=April 2019|archivedate=|access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2018, àwọn olùgbéjáde ''Baby Driver'' gbé ìtàn àròsọ náà kalẹ̀ fún àtúnṣe fíìmù. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} kvpqoti785t6jp87t6fk1usi1ftooda 0 84419 636972 2026-09-16T12:52:41Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318193105|Of Women and Frogs]]" 636972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Of Women and Frogs|image=Of Women and Frogs novel cover.jpeg|caption=First edition cover|alt=|author=Bisi Adjapon|title_orig=|working_title=|translator=|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=[[Ghana]] and [[Nigeria]]|language=English|series=|release_number=|subject=|genre=[[Fiction]]|publisher=[[Kachifo Limited|Farafina Books]]|publisher2=[[HarperCollins]]|pub_date=29 September 2019|pages=416 ''(first edition)''|awards=|isbn=9789785572193|oclc=|congress=|preceded_by=|followed_by=|wikisource=}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ '''''ti àwọn obìnrin àti àwọn frogs''''' ti ọdún 2018 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà]] àti ọmọ ilẹ̀ Ghana, [[Bisi Adjapon]] . <ref>{{Cite web|dateformat=PDF}}</ref> Farafina Books ní Nàìjíríà ni wọ́n kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ìwé ìròyìn " ''Of Women and Frogs"'' jáde, ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2020, HarperCollins gba ẹ̀tọ́ ìtẹ̀wé [[èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì]] lágbàáyé nínú ìwé náà, tí wọ́n tún pè ní ''"The Teller of Secrets"'' fún ọjà Amẹ́ríkà. <ref name="PUB" /> == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == "Of Women and Frogs" jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ kan nípa Esi, ọ̀dọ́bìnrin kan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Ghana; ìwé náà sì ṣàlàyé nípa àwọn ìpèníjà tí àwọn ọmọbìnrin ní Ghana àti ní gbogbo ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ń kojú. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ''ìwé ìròyìn The Lagos Review'' ṣe ṣàlàyé rẹ̀, "Àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ tí Adjapon ń ṣàyẹ̀wò nínú iṣẹ́ ìyanu yìí ni ẹ̀tàn, ìbànújẹ́ ọkàn, ìwà ipá ilé, [[ikú]], àìsí ìdarí, ìjọba ológun àti ìlòkulò agbára ." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thelagosreview.ng/reflections-as-harpercollins-acquires-world-rights-for-bisi-adjapons-of-women-and-frogs-olukorede-s-yishau/|title=Reflections as HarperCollins acquires world rights for Bisi Adjapon's 'Of Women and Frogs'|first1=Olukorede|last=Yishau|author-link=Olukorede Yishau|journal=[[The Lagos Review]]|accessdate=5 July 2022}}</ref> == Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti ìdámọ̀ == * Àwọn ìwé mẹ́wàá tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní Nàìjíríà lọ́dún 2019 láti ọwọ́ [[Channels TV|Channels Television]] * "Àwọn ìwé márùn-ún tí àwọn òǹkọ̀wé ará Ghana gbọ́dọ̀ kà" lórí ''Mail &amp;amp; Guardian'', 3 Keje 2020 * Ìtàn kúkúrú náà wà lára àwọn tó ti wà nínú àkójọpọ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn Caine fún ìkọ̀wé ní Áfíríkà ní ọdún 2019 == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|25em}} 7ea7in0aoyg5ldd1k3u1rm4uvkpqmhm 0 84420 636974 2026-09-16T12:54:18Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324540744|This Hostel Life]]" 636974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|image=This Hostel Life.jpg|caption=First edition|author=[[Melatu Uche Okorie]]|language=English|country=[[Ireland]]|genre=Novel|publisher={{plainlist | * Skein Press * [[Virago Press]]}}|pub_date=2018}}'''''Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ yìí''''' je Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ kan ni èyí tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Ireland, Melatu Uche Okorie, kọ; ilé-iṣẹ́ Skein Press ní Ireland ló sì tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2018. Òun ni ìwé ìtàn àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ tí òǹkọ̀wé yìí kọ.<ref name="THE2">{{Cite web|last=Chandler|first=Mark|date=18 April 2019|title=Virago buys Okorie debut from Irish indie Skein Press|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/virago-buys-okorie-debut-irish-indie-skein-press-992816|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512070839/https://www.thebookseller.com/news/virago-buys-okorie-debut-irish-indie-skein-press-992816|archive-date=12 May 2019|website=[[The Bookseller]]|access-date=7 November 2021}}</ref> Ìwé náà lo èdè Pidgin ti Nàìjíríà tí a ṣe àtúnṣe tàbí ṣẹ̀dá rẹ̀ fún ìlò nínú ìwé náà. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=October 8, 2021}}</ref> Wọ́n ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ níbi ayẹyẹ ìwé kíkà kárí ayé, níbi tí Okorie ti jíròrò ìrírí àwọn arìnrìn-àjò pẹ̀lú Nikesh Shukla . <ref>{{Cite news|last=O’Toole|first1=Gráinne|last2=Okorie|first2=Melatu Uche|title='We as migrants are used to being spoken for, yet these are our experiences'|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/we-as-migrants-are-used-to-being-spoken-for-yet-these-are-our-experiences-1.3580819|date=July 31, 2018|journal=[[The Irish Times]]|accessdate=November 7, 2021|archivedate=August 5, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805021122/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/we-as-migrants-are-used-to-being-spoken-for-yet-these-are-our-experiences-1.3580819}}</ref> Virago Press ra ''Hostel Life yìí'' ní ọdún 2019, <ref name="THE">{{Cite web|archivedate=12 May 2019}}</ref> wọ́n sì ṣe àtúnṣe sí iṣẹ́ opera láti ọwọ́ Irish National Opera . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Byers|first1=David|date=September 28, 2019|title=This Hostel Life review: direct provision explored through often-anguished sounds|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/music/this-hostel-life-review-direct-provision-explored-through-often-anguished-sounds-1.4033988|journal=The Irish Times|accessdate=November 7, 2021|archivedate=October 24, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024235214/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/music/this-hostel-life-review-direct-provision-explored-through-often-anguished-sounds-1.4033988}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} tbrlqpgewnini402c457si26q5drh0i 0 84421 636975 2026-09-16T12:55:49Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361161314|Be(com)ing Nigerian]]" 636975 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Be(com)ing Nigerian|image=File:Be(com)ing Nigerian.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=First edition|author=[[Elnathan John]]|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=[[English language|English]]|genre=[[Literary Fiction]], [[Satire]]|set_in=|publisher=[[Cassava Republic]]<ref name="PRE">{{Cite news |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/artsbooks/323131-book-review-x-raying-elnathans-becoming-nigerian-a-guide.html|title=Book Review X-raying Elnathan's 'Becoming Nigerian A Guide' |author=Tosin Omoniyi|date=30 March 2019|access-date=15 August 2021|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref>(first edition)|publisher2=|pub_date=6 February 2019 (Nigeria)<ref name="PRE"/> July 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cassavarepublic.biz/product/becoming-nigerian-a-guide/,%20https://cassavarepublic.biz/product/becoming-nigerian-a-guide/|title=Be(com)ing Nigerian: A Guide &#124; Cassava Republic Press|date=6 November 2018}}</ref>|published=|media_type=Print ([[paperback]])|pages=150 pp (first edition)|awards=|isbn=9781980079293|isbn_note=(first edition)|oclc=1083272321|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=[[Born on a Tuesday]]|followed_by=|website=}} '''''Dídi ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà''''' tí a ń pè ní '''''Be(coming)ing Nigerian: <s>A Guide</s>''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ Elnathan John, apanilẹ́rìn-ín ará Nàìjíríà. Ìwé ìtàn kejì rẹ̀ ni. A tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ Cassava Republic . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/26c9d350-bd20-11e9-b350-db00d509634e|title=Becoming Nigerian by Elnathan John: rich satire|last=David Pilling|date=13 September 2019|newspaper=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/23/books/fiction-nigeria-writers.html|title=A Wave of New Fiction From Nigeria, as Young Writers Experiment With New Genres|first=Alexandra|last=Alter|date=23 November 2017|access-date=15 August 2021|newspaper=[[New York Times]]}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Elnathan John sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ètò ìdìbò, òṣèlú ní Nàìjíríà, ọlọ́pàá Nàìjíríà, ètò ìtọ́jú ìlera, àti "ìsapá láti rí oúnjẹ jẹ" (tàbí bí àwọn èèyàn ṣe ń wá ọ̀nà láti gbẹ́mìí ró). Ìwé ojú ìwé àádọ́jọ náà jẹ́ ọ̀nà ìtọ́sọ́nà fún ẹnikẹ́ni láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ara rẹ̀, pẹ̀lú eré ní àkọ́kọ́, lẹ́yìn náà jinlẹ̀, pẹ̀lú ète láti mú ìyípadà wá ní ìpele ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan àti ti ilé-iṣẹ́. <ref>{{Cite web|url=Uche Pedro}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title='Bless your hustle': Elnathan John's guide to becoming Nigerian|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/04/africa/elnathan-becoming-nigerian/|date=4 March 2019|access-date=15 August 2021|newspaper=[[CNN]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/art/a-peep-at-elnathan-johns-witty-takes-on-becoming-nigeria/|title=A peep at Elnathan John's witty takes on Be(com)ing Nigeria|date=10 March 2019|access-date=15 August 2021|location=Nigeria|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == * Àwọn ìwé mẹ́wàá tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní Nàìjíríà lọ́dún 2019 láti ọwọ́ [[Channels TV|Channels Television]] . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} slgugflm0xevr4leqptrlo8gqnateda 637156 636975 2026-09-17T08:16:31Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Be(com)ing Nigerian|image=File:Be(com)ing Nigerian.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=First edition|author=[[Elnathan John]]|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=[[English language|English]]|genre=[[Literary Fiction]], [[Satire]]|set_in=|publisher=[[Cassava Republic]]<ref name="PRE">{{Cite news |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/artsbooks/323131-book-review-x-raying-elnathans-becoming-nigerian-a-guide.html|title=Book Review X-raying Elnathan's 'Becoming Nigerian A Guide' |author=Tosin Omoniyi|date=30 March 2019|access-date=15 August 2021|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref>(first edition)|publisher2=|pub_date=6 February 2019 (Nigeria)<ref name="PRE"/> July 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cassavarepublic.biz/product/becoming-nigerian-a-guide/,%20https://cassavarepublic.biz/product/becoming-nigerian-a-guide/|title=Be(com)ing Nigerian: A Guide &#124; Cassava Republic Press|date=6 November 2018}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>|published=|media_type=Print ([[paperback]])|pages=150 pp (first edition)|awards=|isbn=9781980079293|isbn_note=(first edition)|oclc=1083272321|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=[[Born on a Tuesday]]|followed_by=|website=}} '''''Dídi ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà''''' tí a ń pè ní '''''Be(coming)ing Nigerian: <s>A Guide</s>''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ Elnathan John, apanilẹ́rìn-ín ará Nàìjíríà. Ìwé ìtàn kejì rẹ̀ ni. A tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ Cassava Republic . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/26c9d350-bd20-11e9-b350-db00d509634e|title=Becoming Nigerian by Elnathan John: rich satire|last=David Pilling|date=13 September 2019|newspaper=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/23/books/fiction-nigeria-writers.html|title=A Wave of New Fiction From Nigeria, as Young Writers Experiment With New Genres|first=Alexandra|last=Alter|date=23 November 2017|access-date=15 August 2021|newspaper=[[New York Times]]}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Elnathan John sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ètò ìdìbò, òṣèlú ní Nàìjíríà, ọlọ́pàá Nàìjíríà, ètò ìtọ́jú ìlera, àti "ìsapá láti rí oúnjẹ jẹ" (tàbí bí àwọn èèyàn ṣe ń wá ọ̀nà láti gbẹ́mìí ró). Ìwé ojú ìwé àádọ́jọ náà jẹ́ ọ̀nà ìtọ́sọ́nà fún ẹnikẹ́ni láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ara rẹ̀, pẹ̀lú eré ní àkọ́kọ́, lẹ́yìn náà jinlẹ̀, pẹ̀lú ète láti mú ìyípadà wá ní ìpele ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan àti ti ilé-iṣẹ́. <ref>{{Cite web|url=Uche Pedro}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title='Bless your hustle': Elnathan John's guide to becoming Nigerian|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/04/africa/elnathan-becoming-nigerian/|date=4 March 2019|access-date=15 August 2021|newspaper=[[CNN]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/art/a-peep-at-elnathan-johns-witty-takes-on-becoming-nigeria/|title=A peep at Elnathan John's witty takes on Be(com)ing Nigeria|date=10 March 2019|access-date=15 August 2021|location=Nigeria|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == * Àwọn ìwé mẹ́wàá tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní Nàìjíríà lọ́dún 2019 láti ọwọ́ [[Channels TV|Channels Television]] . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 4rug2fpmrluk82z26749kax6753u1ot 0 84422 636976 2026-09-16T12:56:47Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1240719144|Beneath the Tamarind Tree]]" 636976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Beneath the Tamarind Tree|image=File:Beneath the Tamarind Tree.jpg|caption=First edition|alt=|author=[[Isha Sesay]]|country=Nigeria|language=English|subject=[[2014 Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping]]/[[Boko Haram insurgency]]|genre=[[Non-fiction]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|pub_date=7 September 2019|pages=382''(first edition)''|isbn=978-0062686671|oclc=|preceded_by=|followed_by=}} '''''Lábẹ́ igi Tamarind''''' tí a pè ní '''''Sẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ igi Tamarind — Ìtàn Ìgboyà, Ìdílé, àti Àwọn Ọmọbìnrin Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Boko Haram tí ó sọnù''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àwùjọ tí kì í ṣe ìtàn àròsọ ti ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ Isha Sesay . Wọ́n kọ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ yìí nígbà tí Sesay ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníròyìn ní CNN International. Ó ṣe àlàyé kíkún nípa bí ẹgbẹ́ Boko Haram ṣe jí àwọn ọmọbìnrin ilé-ìwé Chibok gbé lọ́dún 2014. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/09/books/review/beneath-the-tamarind-tree-isha-sesay.html|title=The Story of the Boko Haram Schoolgirls, by a Reporter Who Takes It Personally|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=9 July 2019|access-date=25 February 2022}}</ref> == Wo tun == * ''Ọmọbìnrin'' (2019), ìtàn àròsọ nípa ọ̀kan lára àwọn tí wọ́n pa ní Chibok láti ọwọ́ Edna O'Brien == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} izy61lb0ico04i5rmkc76s4z08qvi9m 0 84423 636977 2026-09-16T12:58:18Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333587468|The Freedom Artist]]" 636977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox book|name=The Freedom artist|author=[[Ben Okri]]|country=[[Nigeria]]|image=File:The Freedom Artist.jpg|caption=First edition (UK)|isbn=978-1-61775-791-4|pages=336|language=English|genre=[[Dystopian]], [[Political fiction]]|publisher=[[Akashic Books]] (US)<br>[[Head of Zeus]] (UK)|pub_date=2019|preceded_by=[[The Age of Magic]]|followed_by=}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn òṣèlú onímọ̀ nípa òmìnira''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ olóṣèlú tí ó ṣàpèjúwe ayé tí ó ti bàjẹ́ (dystopian), èyí tí òǹkọ̀wé àti akéwì ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, Ben Okri, kọ. Àtẹ̀jáde àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ Àwọn ìwé Akashic ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà àti Head of Zeus ní orílẹ̀-èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Book of the day {{!}} The Freedom Artist by Ben Okri review – wake-up call of a world without books|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/feb/12/the-freedom-artist-ben-okri-review|journal=[[The Guardian]]|last=Stephanie Merritt|language=en|accessdate=October 25, 2021|year=2019}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} b5nbhpwx4pdgcr4muq02razwozsrjbs 0 84424 636978 2026-09-16T13:00:06Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345241557|In the Name of Our Father]]" 636978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] -->|country=[[Nigeria]]|publisher=[[Parresia Publishers]]}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn''''' àròsọ ọdún 2018 tí òǹkọ̀wé [[ọmọ Nàìjíríà]], [[Olukorede Yishau]], kọ ni In The Name Of Our Father. <ref name="CBN" /> <ref name="TGN">{{Cite news|title=With In the Name of Our Father, Yishau interrogates national decadence|url=https://m.guardian.ng/art/with-in-the-name-of-our-father-yishau-interrogates-national-decadence/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=7 August 2021}}</ref> <ref name="TNN">{{Cite news|title=BOOK REVIEW: 'In the Name of our Father' exposes tragedy of a soulless society|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/272134-book-review-in-the-name-of-our-father-exposes-tragedy-of-a-soulless-society.html|access-date=7 August 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title='How in The Name Of The Father came to be'|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/how-in-the-name-of-our-father-came-to-be/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=7 August 2021}}</ref> == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == A gbé ìtàn eré "In The Name Of Our Father" kalẹ̀ ní àkókò ìjọba ológun Sani Abacha, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ olórí orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà nígbà yẹn. == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti yíyàn == * Ìwé Ọdún Olókìkí fún [[Ayẹyẹ Ìwé àti Ọ̀nà ní Èkó|Àjọyọ̀ Ìwé àti Iṣẹ́ ọnà ní Lagos]] (2019). <ref name="CBN">{{Cite news|title=Reading Olukorede Yishau's 'In The Name Of Our Father' in light of many things|url=https://www.thecable.ng/reading-olukorede-yishaus-in-the-name-of-our-father-in-light-of-many-things/amp|journal=[[TheCable]]|last=Femi Morgan|date=5 April 2020|accessdate=7 August 2021}}</ref> * Ẹni tí a yàn fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé ní Nàìjíríà (2021). <ref>{{Cite news|title=Eyes On Yishau's 'In The Name Of Our Father'|url=https://dailytrust.com/eyes-on-yishaus-in-the-name-of-our-father|last=Nathaniel Bivan|journal=[[Daily Trust]]|date=23 March 2019|accessdate=7 August 2021}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|30em}} ez0gdmige6i9hfj1jt7pq9wmbppf0kc 0 84425 636986 2026-09-16T13:11:31Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364465431|A Particular Kind of Black Man]]" 636986 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Infobox book/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox book|name=A Particular Kind of Black Man|author=[[Tope Folarin]]|language=English|country=[[Nigeria]]|genre=Literary fiction|publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]|pub_date=2019|pages=272|isbn=978-1-5011-7181-9|image=A Particular Kind of Black Man.jpg|caption=First edition (publ. [[Simon & Schuster]])|media_type=Print (hardcover, paperback), e-book|subjects=[[Coming-of-age]], [[Racism]], Self-realization}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn kan pàtó''''' tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà Tope Folarin kọ ní ọdún 2019. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn "A Particular Kind of Black Man" dá lórí akọni ìtàn náà, Tunde Akinola, ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan tí ó ń gbé ní Utah pẹ̀lú ẹbí rẹ̀. Nígbà tí ó wà ní ilé-ìwé, Tunde ní láti kojú ìkórìíra lórí àwọ̀ ara rẹ̀ láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, tí wọ́n máa ń fi ọwọ́ pa awọ ara rẹ̀, tí wọ́n sì máa ń béèrè ìdí tí àwọ̀ dúdú ara rẹ̀ kò fi lè parẹ́. Nílé, baba Tunde, Akinola, ń tiraka láti ṣe ojúṣe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí baba nítorí pé kò lè rí iṣẹ́ tó dára ṣe nítorí àwọ̀ ara àti ẹ̀yà rẹ̀. Iya rẹ̀, tí ó ní àìsàn ọpọlọ (schizophrenia), máa ń lu Tunde tàbí kí ó ṣe é ní ìṣekúṣe nípa lílo agbára ara. Ní òwúrọ̀ ọjọ́ kan, ìyá Tunde jí, ó sì mú Tunde àti àbúrò rẹ̀ ọkùnrin sá lọ. Akinola wá wọn rí, ó sì gba Tunde padà, nígbà tí ìyá Tunde padà sí Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú àbúrò rẹ̀ ọkùnrin. Baba Tunde tún fẹ́ obìnrin mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ olùgbé Utah; obìnrin yìí náà jẹ́ ẹni tí ó kórìíra àwọn aláwọ̀ dúdú, tí ó sì ti kọ ọkọ rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀, ó sì fẹ́ràn àwọn ọmọ tirẹ̀ ju Tunde lọ. == Àkòrí == Àkòrí inú ìwé ìtàn náà ní ìdàgbàsókè, ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà àti ìmọ̀ ara ẹni. == Ìdàgbàsókè == Folarin sọ pé ìwé ìtàn náà ni a rò pé ó jẹ́ ìtàn àròsọ, ṣùgbọ́n ìtàn náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbòòrò sí i, àti pé ẹni tó kọ ìtàn náà gbé ìgbésẹ̀ tuntun dípò ohun tí ó rò. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Ìwé ìròyìn Publishers Weekly'' ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “[A] ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ onírẹ̀lẹ̀ àti ọlọ́gbọ́n...” àti pé “ Folarin lo ọgbọ́n àrékérekè ti mímú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wá sí ìgbésí ayé tó dára ní àkókò kan náà àti dídín ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé wọn kù, ó sì gbé àwọn ìṣòro ìgbésí ayé dìde gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà-Amẹ́ríkà ìran kejì nínú ìwé àròsọ tó rọrùn àti tó ṣe kedere. Àkọ́kọ́ Folarin jẹ́ onímọ̀lára àti ẹni tó ń múni láyọ̀.” ''[[The New York Times|Ìwé ìròyìn The New York Times]]'' ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí "Ẹranko, aláìlera, tó gbé ayé...Ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ara ẹni tó jẹ́ èròjà, ara ẹni gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkójọpọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbéra." == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 2s5n186gmqvq4gqjgmrtqcyhg2neovz 0 84426 636988 2026-09-16T13:12:24Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1319384914|On Ajayi Crowther Street]]" 636988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=Elnathan John|pub_date=2019-11-26|isbn=1911115901|name=On Àjàyí Crowther Street|image=On Ajayi Crowther Street.jpg|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Graphic novel|publisher=Cassava Republic Press|media_type=Print(Hardcover)|illustrator=Alábá Onajin}} Ìwé ìtàn àwòrán ọdún 2019 tí Elnathan John kọ, tí Alaba Onajin sì ya àwòrán rẹ̀ '''''ní ojú pópó Ajayi Crowther''''' ni. Cassava Republic Press ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìwé náà dá lórí ìgbésí ayé àwọn olùgbé ojú-pópó kan tí a ṣẹ̀dá fún ìtàn náà, ìyẹn Àjàyí Crowther Street ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà. Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ náà dá lórí ìgbésí ayé àti àwọn iṣẹ́ tí Reverend Akpoborie àti ẹbí rẹ̀ ṣe pàápàá jùlọ, ó sì tún ṣàlàyé àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tó jẹ mọ́ àwọn ohun tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ láwùjọ ní ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà. Àwọn kókó pàtàkì tí ó dá lé lórí ni: àgàbàgebè nínú ẹ̀sìn, ìbálòpọ̀ láàrin ẹni tí ó jẹ́ akọ tàbí abo kan náà, ìkórìíra fún àwọn tí ń ṣe irú ìbálòpọ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀, àti bí àwọn ọmọ ẹbí ṣe ń bá ara wọn lò. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 6mcqywsz7yvc3j6igremrvimb44pkfq 0 84427 636990 2026-09-16T13:15:24Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358623262|The Rosewater Insurrection]]" 636990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|italic title=<!--(see above)-->|name=The Rosewater Insurrection|image=The Rosewater Insurrection by Tade Thompson.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=|author=[[Tade Thompson]]|audio_read_by=|title_orig=|orig_lang_code=|title_working=|translator=|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=|language=English|series=Wormwood Trilogy|release_number=|subject=|genre=Science fiction|set_in=Nigeria|publisher=Orbit|publisher2=|pub_date=12 Mar 2019|english_pub_date=|published=|media_type=|pages=419|awards=|isbn=9780316449083|isbn_note=|oclc=|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=[[Rosewater (Thompson novel)|Rosewater]]|followed_by=[[The Rosewater Redemption]]|native_wikisource=|wikisource=|notes=|exclude_cover=|website=}} '''''Ìtàn ìjìnlẹ̀ Rosewater''''' jẹ́ ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ Tade Thompson . Ìwé kejì ni ìwé ''Wormwood Trilogy'' . Ó tẹ̀lé ''Rosewater'' ti ọdún 2016, lẹ́yìn náà ni ''The Rosewater Redemption'', tí a tún tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2019, tẹ̀lé e. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ní ọdún 2055, wọ́n yan Eric, ẹni tí ó ní agbára àrà-ọ̀tọ̀ ti irú-ọmọ S45, láti pa Jack Jacques, ṣùgbọ́n ó yí ọkàn rẹ̀ padà nítorí ìbẹ̀rù tàbí àìnígboyà. Jacques yè bọ́, Eric sì wà ní ipò aṣojú tí ó ti pàdánù ọlá rẹ̀. Ní ọdún 2067, Aminat ń ṣiṣẹ́ fún S45, ó ń gbìyànjú láti wá ìwòsàn fún àwọn xenoforms. Àwọn xenoforms ń rọ́pò gbogbo sẹ́ẹ̀lì ènìyàn díẹ̀díẹ̀; a ti ṣe àkíyèsí pé aráyé yóò rọ́pò pátápátá láàárín ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún. Anthony, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ àwòrán ènìyàn fún ẹ̀dá tí a ń pè ní Wormwood, gba iṣẹ́-ìròyìn kan láti Home, ìyẹn pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì àbínibí rẹ̀. Wormwood jẹ́ ti ẹya "Footholder"—àwọn ẹ̀dá tí ó ní òye, ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n kéré sí àwọn Homian ní ipò. Àwọn Footholder nílò ẹlòmíràn tí ó ní òye, bíi ènìyàn tàbí Homian, láti jẹ́ ibi tí wọ́n yóò máa gbé (host). Ilẹ̀ Home kò ṣeé gbé mọ́; àwọn Homian ti di àwọn àwòrán oníná-mọ̀nàmọ́ná (digitized copies) ti ara wọn ti àtijọ́ nìkan báyìí. Àwọn Homian ní ètò láti wá àwọn pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì tí ó jọ Home, láti rọ́pò àwọn ẹranko àbínibí ibẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹ̀dá "xenoform," àti láti gbé ọpọlọ tàbí ìmọ̀-ara-ẹni wọn sínú àwọn ẹ̀dá tuntun wọ̀nyí. Ènìyàn àkọ́kọ́ ti yí padà pátápátá sí xenoform, ṣùgbọ́n ìgbìyànjú láti gbé ìmọ̀-ara-ẹni rẹ̀ sínú ara tuntun náà ti kùnà. Onímọ̀-ìjìnlẹ̀ Homian kan pàṣẹ fún Anthony láti ṣe ìwádìí nípa ọ̀rọ̀ yìí. Anthony wá rí i pé irúfẹ́ ohun-ọ̀gbìn kan ti àwọn Homian yí tí ó máa ń dá àwọn xenoform láàmú ti yọjú ní Rosewater. Nibayi, obinrin kan ti a npè ni Alyssa Sutcliffe ji lati rii pe oun ti padanu gbogbo iranti rẹ. Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ìrírí ìrántí láti inú ìmọ̀ Homian kan. Aminat mú Alyssa jáde láti ilé ìwòsàn kan. Jack Jacques ni gómìnà Rosewater báyìí. Ààrẹ Nàìjíríà gbìyànjú láti pa á. Jacques kéde pé Rosewater jẹ́ ìpínlẹ̀ ìlú olómìnira. Ó ní àjọṣepọ̀ tó ń fa àríyànjiyàn pẹ̀lú Femi Alaagomeji, olórí S45; Femi pàṣẹ fún un láti kàn sí Kaaro fún ìrànlọ́wọ́. Rògbòdìyàn ń da ìlú rú. Aminat àti Alyssa ń wá ààbò. Alyssa dàgbàsókè láti fẹ́ràn Aminat, ó sì túbọ̀ lóye nípa ènìyàn nígbà ìrìn àjò yìí. Níkẹyìn, Kaaro, Alyssa, àti Aminat dé ilé olórí ìlú. Pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ S45, Eric ti yege ìpakúpa àwọn ohun tí ó lè fa ìpalára fún ènìyàn. Wọ́n pàṣẹ fún un láti pa Jacques. Eric bọ́m̀bù sí ọkọ̀ Jacques; Jacques pàdánù ẹsẹ̀ rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n ó yege. Eric sá kúrò ní Rosewater. Ewéko àjèjì náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yí àwọn ìrísí ènìyàn padà, ó sì ń kọlu òrùlé Wormwood. Àwọn ènìyàn bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pe àwọn ewéko ní Beynons. Kaaro àti Aminat wọ inú òrùlé náà. Molara sọ fún wọn pé Anthony ti kú àti pé Wormwood ń kú; ó nílò olùgbàlejò tuntun. Kaaro pa àwọn Beynon, Alyssa sì di olùgbàlejò tuntun fún Wormwood. Ó kó òrùlé dúdú náà kúrò, ó sì lé àwọn ọmọ ogun Nàìjíríà kúrò ní Rosewater, èyí sì mú kí ipò wọn túbọ̀ lágbára sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí orílẹ̀-èdè olómìnira. Nibayi, Jacques ni ki a mu Femi ki a si fi sinu tubu. Àwọn ará Homians gbà láti dẹ́kun yíyípadà àwọn ènìyàn alààyè. Dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, wọn yóò gba ara àwọn ènìyàn tuntun. Ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún àwọn ará Homians ló ń gbé ìmọ̀ wọn sínú Rosewater, èyí sì ń mú àkókò tuntun wá fún aráyé àti àwọn ará Homians. == Àwọn kókó pàtàkì == Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò fún ìwé ''ìròyìn Los Angeles Review of Books'', Jessica FitzPatrick sọ pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí wọ́n wà nínú ìwé Wormwood yìí dáhùn sí ewu ìgbógun ti àwọn àjèjì nítorí ìbáṣepọ̀ wọn pẹ̀lú ìjọba amúnisìn . Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè bíi Great Britain àti United States, tí wọ́n jẹ́ oníjọba ìjọba, ni “a parun kíákíá tàbí kí a lé wọn lọ sí ibi ìsádi àwọn oníyàsọ́tọ̀”. Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè bíi Nàìjíríà, tí wọ́n ti yege ìgbóguntì láti ọwọ́ àwọn ará Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, “wọ́n ti ṣe àṣeyọrí nínú ìdènà tàbí wọ́n ti mú ara wọn bá àwọn agbóguntì gbé.” Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àtúnyẹ̀wò kan náà, ìpínyà Rosewater kúrò ní Nàìjíríà jẹ́ láti mú ìrántí [[Ogun Abele Nigeria|Ogun Biafra]] wá. Olùrànlọ́wọ́ Jacques fún un ní àwòkọ ìwé Ìkéde Ahiara fún ìmísí bí ó ṣe ń múra láti kéde òmìnira ìlú rẹ̀. FitzPatrick sọ pé ìpè yìí “ń fún àwọn òǹkàwé níṣìírí láti tún ronú nípa ìwà ìkà ti ìtàn ayé gidi àti àwọn ìdí tí àwọn àwùjọ tí wọ́n wà nínú ìjà ń fi ara wọn hàn.” Nígbà tí Gautam Bhatia ń kọ̀wé fún ''Strange Horizons'', ó sọ pé ''Rosewater'' jẹ́ nípa ìfarakanra àkọ́kọ́ nígbà tí ìtẹ̀lé rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ nípa ìjà. Ní ìpele kan, ìjà máa ń wáyé láàrín ènìyàn àti àwọn ará Homians; ìjà sì tún wà láàrín onírúurú ẹgbẹ́ ènìyàn. Femi Alaagomeji àti ìjọba Nàìjíríà lòdì sí Wormwood gidigidi. Nígbà tí wọ́n ń wo ìwà ìkà tí àwọn ọmọ ogun Nàìjíríà hù sí àwọn aráàlú Rosewater, Kaaro àti Aminat ní èrò tó túbọ̀ ṣe kedere. Wọ́n yan láti gba Wormwood là kódà bí ó bá túmọ̀ sí pé kí àwọn àjèjì máa gbé àkókò ìjọ́ba ilẹ̀ ayé yára sí i. Nínú àwọn iṣẹ́ ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì bíi ''The Three-Body Problem'' láti ọwọ́ Liu Cixin, Bhatia kọ̀wé pé òǹkọ̀wé náà ṣàfihàn àṣà ìbílẹ̀ kan tí ó ga ju ènìyàn lọ. Àwọn àjèjì nínú ìwé yìí máa ń pe ènìyàn ní "kòkòrò". Bákan náà, Thompson ṣe àfihàn àwọn ará Homians gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn tó ti ní ìmọ̀ gan-an, nígbà kan tí ó fi ìbáṣepọ̀ láàárín àwọn ará Homians àti ènìyàn wé ti ènìyàn àti ẹranko ẹran. Sibẹsibẹ, Thompson lo iwa Alyssa lati so awọn oju-iwoye Homian ati eniyan pọ ati lati sunmọ ibatan laarin awọn eya mejeeji ni awọn ọrọ "ti o fẹrẹ dogba". Gary K. Wolfe kọ̀wé pé ìwé ìtàn náà mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ gbé àwọn iṣẹ́ olókìkí mìíràn jáde. Wọ́n sọ orúkọ igi Beynon fún John Wyndham, olùdá àwọn triffids, ọ̀kan lára àwọn orúkọ àárín rẹ̀ ni Beynon. Àwọn ẹ̀dá àjèjì tí wọ́n dàbí ikùn máa ń fa àwọn ikùn tó wà ní ''Dune'' mọ́ra; Thompson tún máa ń fa ọ̀rọ̀ [[Stephen King]] àti Oscar Wilde yọ. == Àṣà == Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Gary K. Wolfe ti sọ, àwọn ènìyàn mẹ́rin tí wọ́n ní èrò láti inú ìtàn náà ni wọ́n máa ń sọ: Aminat, Alyssa, Anthony, àti Jacques. Kaaro, akọni ìtàn àròsọ àkọ́kọ́, wà ní “ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ibi tí ó wà níta” ní gbogbo ìgbà tí ''wọ́n kọ ìwé The Rosewater Resurrection'' . Àwọn ènìyàn díẹ̀ tún wà tí wọ́n ń wo àwọn nǹkan bíi Eric, ọkùnrin kan tí igi Beynon jẹ, àti òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn tí orí rẹ̀ “dà bí ọ̀nà kúkúrú láti fi ṣe àlàyé àkópọ̀ ju ààlà àwọn èrò mìíràn lọ”. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Kirkus'' pe ìwé ìtàn náà ní “ìwé àárín tí ó ní ìpele tó ṣọ̀kan tí ó sì kún fún ìṣe.” Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò àpapọ̀ fún ''The Rosewater Insurrection'' àti ''The Rosewater Redemption'', ''Los Angeles Review of Books'' fi àwọn ìwé ìtàn náà wé ewéko wormwood . Ó pe àwọn ìwé ìtàn náà ní “orúkọ tó yẹ fún un,” pẹ̀lú “ìṣàn omi kíkorò tí ó ṣòro fún mi láti mì pátápátá kúrò nínú ọkàn mi”. Nígbà tí Gary K. Wolfe ń kọ̀wé fún ''Locus'', ó pe ìwé ìtàn náà ní “àṣà ìbílẹ̀” ju ti àwọn tó ṣáájú rẹ̀ lọ, gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìgbóná ogun àjèjì tó ti pẹ́ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ti ń yọrí sí ogun ìbọn”. Wolfe rí i pé “ìyára náà yára, àwọn ìṣòro náà sì yára jù bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ, àti pé àwọn ohun kikọ náà hàn gbangba bíi ti ìgbà gbogbo” bí ó ti ń retí ìparí ìtàn mẹ́ta náà pẹ̀lú ìtara. Nígbà tí Gautam Bhatia ń kọ̀wé fún ''Strange Horizons'', ó kọ̀wé pé ìwé ìtàn náà ṣe àfihàn “ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìtàn tó ṣe pàtàkì, tó ní ìtumọ̀, tó sì wúni lórí nípa àjọṣepọ̀ ènìyàn/àjèjì”. Nígbà tí Liz Bourke ń kọ̀wé fún Tor.com, ó sọ pé òun lè “fẹ́rí iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ rẹ̀” ṣùgbọ́n òun rí i pé ó ṣòro láti fẹ́ràn àwọn ohun kikọ inú rẹ̀, èyí sì dín ìgbádùn ìwé náà kù. {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Àwọn àmì ẹ̀yẹ àti ọlá ! Ọdún ! Iṣẹ́ ! Ẹ̀bùn ! Ẹ̀ka ! Àbájáde ! Àtúnṣe. |- ! 2019 | rowspan="3" | ''Ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ Rosewater'' | Ẹ̀bùn BSFA | Ìtàn tuntun| {{sho}} | |- ! rowspan="3" | 2020 | Àmì Ẹ̀bùn Àdúgbò {{Efn|''The Rosewater Insurrection'' and ''The Rosewater Redemption'' were jointly nominated for the 2020 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel.|name=locus2020}} | Ìtàn Ìtàn Ìmọ̀ Sáyẹ́ǹsì| {{sho|Finalist}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Nommo | Ìtàn tuntun| {{sho}} | |- | The Wormwood Trilogy | Ẹ̀bùn Hugo | Àwọn eré| {{sho|Finalist}} | |} == Àwọn Àkíyèsí == {{Notelist}} == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] 53ij6m098h84p1l9cbwsd70twg4bvga 0 84428 636992 2026-09-16T13:16:43Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340918756|A Small Silence]]" 636992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=[[Jumoke Verissimo]]}}'''''Ìdákẹ́jẹ́ kékeré''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ ti ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ akéwì àti òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, Jumoke Verissimo. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Okojie|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Verissimo|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == ''Ìdákẹ́jẹ́ kékeré kan'' sọ ìtàn ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan tí kìí tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ ní ilé rẹ̀ ní Èkó níbi tí ẹ̀mí obìnrin kan tí kò lè rí máa ń wá sí ọ̀dọ̀ rẹ̀ nígbà gbogbo. Ẹ̀mí tí kò lè rí i pẹ̀lú, ó máa ń wá sọ́dọ̀ rẹ̀ ní òru nìkan. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}}  g43a6l0o4aeqxwjzouepr3dariumx85 0 84429 636995 2026-09-16T13:18:09Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347793873|The Son of the House]]" 636995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox book||name=The Son of the House|title_orig=|translator=|image=File:The Son of the House.jpg|caption=First edition (Nigeria)|author=[[Cheluchi Onyemelukwe-Onubia]]|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=[[English language|English]]|series=|genre=[[Literary fiction]], [[family saga]]|publisher=[[Penguin Random House LLC]]<br>[[Parrésia Publishers]]|pub_date=2019|english_pub_date=|media_type=Print ([[paperback]])|pages=304|dewey=|isbn=978-1-4597-4708-1|preceded_by=|followed_by=}} Ìwé ìtàn ìdílé kan tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà Cheluchi Onyemelukwe kọ ni '''''The Son of the House''''' . Ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀, Parrésia Publishers (ní Nàìjíríà) àti Penguin Random House ní Gúúsù Áfíríkà ló kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2019. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn "The Son of the House" dá lórí Nwabulu, ẹni tí ìyá-ìyà rẹ̀ rán lọ láti lọ ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìránṣẹ́. Ó nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí ọmọkùnrin kan láti inú ẹbí ọlọ́rọ̀, ẹni tí ó fi oyún sí i lára, tí ó sì wá sẹ́ pé òun ló lóyún náà. Wọ́n dá Nwabulu padà sí abúlé, níbi tí wọ́n ti fún un ní ọkọ kan tí ìyá-ìyá rẹ̀ ń fẹ́ láti ní ọmọ-ọmọ ọkùnrin gidigidi. Nibayi, olukọ ominira kan wa ti a npè ni Julie ti o ti ni ifẹ pẹlu ọkunrin ọlọrọ kan ti o ti ṣe igbeyawo ti a npè ni Eugene ti ko fẹ ohunkohun ju ọmọkunrin lọ. Nígbà tí wọ́n jí àwọn obìnrin méjèèjì gbé, wọ́n máa ń sọ ìtàn wọn fún ara wọn, wọ́n sì máa ń rí i pé wọ́n jọ ara wọn ju bí wọ́n ṣe rò tẹ́lẹ̀ lọ. == Àkòrí == Ìwé ìtàn náà dá lórí ìbíyàwó púpọ̀, ipò baba ńlá ní Áfíríkà, àti ipò ọmọ-abẹ́ tí a fi ń pa ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ obìnrin mọ́ ní Áfíríkà. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Olùṣàtúnyẹ̀wò kan ní ''Publishers Weekly'' ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìwádìí tó jinlẹ̀ nípa àwọn ìṣòro tó ń dojú kọ Nàìjíríà òde òní” ó sì sọ pé “ìtàn tó dára tí òǹkọ̀wé náà sọ pé èyí máa ń jẹ́ kí ó dùn mọ́ni nígbà gbogbo”. ''Quill àti Quire'' ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìrònú tí Nwabulu ní pẹ̀lú àwọn orí rẹ̀ tí ó kún fún àwọn ohun tí ó lè mú kí ó yípadà.” ''CBC Books'' gbà pé "...ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ náà wáyé sí ọdún mẹ́rin ti Nàìjíríà tó lágbára, ó ń ṣe ayẹyẹ ìfaradà àwọn obìnrin bí wọ́n ṣe ń rìnrìn àjò tí wọ́n sì ń yí ohun tó ṣì jẹ́ ayé ọkùnrin padà." Wọ́n ti fi ìwé ìtàn náà wé ìwé [[Buchi Emecheta]] tó ń jẹ́ ''[[The Joys of Motherhood]]'' (1979). == Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti ìdámọ̀ == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ọdún ! Ẹ̀bùn ! Ẹ̀ka ! Àbájáde ! {{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- ! 2019 | Pípàdé Ìwé Àgbáyé ti Sharjah | —|{{Won}} | |- ! 2020 | Ẹ̀bùn Àwọn Òǹkọ̀wé Obìnrin Ìgbà Orísun Omi | —|{{Won}} | |- ! rowspan="2" | 2021 | Ẹ̀bùn Giller | —|{{Sho}} | <ref>{{Cite news|first1=Adina|last=Bresge|date=5 October 2021|title=Two-time runner-up Miriam Toews among authors on Giller Prize shortlist|journal=[[The Globe and Mail]]|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/books/article-two-time-runner-up-miriam-toews-among-authors-on-giller-prize/}}</ref> |- | Ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà fún ìwé kíkà | —|{{Won}} | <ref>{{Cite news|first1=Damiete|last=Braide|date=30 October 2021|title=BREAKING: Cheluchi Onyemelukwe-Onuobia wins Nigeria Prize for Literature 2021|journal=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/breaking-cheluchi-onyemelukwe-onuobia-wins-nigeria-prize-for-literature-2021/|place=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> |} === Àwọn ọlá míràn === * Àwọn ìwé 35 láti Kánádà láti wò ní ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn ọdún 2021 láti ọwọ́ ''CBC Radio'' . * Àwọn ìwé tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní Nàìjíríà lọ́dún 2019 láti ọwọ́ ''[[Channels TV|Channels Television]]'' . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 9gpg8cmpg13kwtlc3aeybdgug7ewmep 0 84430 636998 2026-09-16T13:19:56Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355392483|The Survival of Molly Southbourne]]" 636998 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Infobox book/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox book|author=Tade Thompson|country=United Kingdom|website=}} Ìwé ìtàn ẹ̀rù tó jáde ní ọdún 2019, '''''The Survival of Molly Southbourne,''''' ni òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà àti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, [[Tade Thompson]], kọ. Ó jẹ́ àtẹ̀lé eré ''[[Àwọn Ìpànìyàn Molly Southbourne|The Murders of Molly Southbourne]]'' (2017) àti ''The Legacy of Molly Southbourne'' (2022) ló tẹ̀lé e. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ni opin iwe itan akọkọ, Molly Southbourne gangan pa ara rẹ nipa siso ina bọ ile rẹ, o si fi ẹda rẹ ti o jọ ọ gan-an silẹ laaye. Molly tuntun yii sa kuro ninu ile naa, o si lo ibi ti foonu wa lati pe nọmba kan ti a ti fi ami kọ si apa rẹ. Awọn aṣoju de lati mu u lọ si ibi aabo. Molly ṣe bi ẹni pe oun ni Molly gangan (Molly Prime) lati le ni itẹlọrun awọn aṣoju naa. Bí ìtàn náà ṣe ń lọ, ó kún fún àwọn ìran fídíò tí wọ́n kọ nípa James Down. Ó jíròrò bí ó ṣe gbèrò láti mú ara rẹ̀ wúwo kí ó sì gbìyànjú láti ye “ìbí” molly tirẹ̀. Molly ti ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ipade iwa-ipa pẹlu awọn ọlọpa ati awọn aṣoju ijọba. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀dà obìnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Tamara ló kọlù Molly, wọ́n sì jí i gbé. Tamara jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Prime; ó lè ṣe àwọn ohun tí a fi ṣe é. Láìdàbí Molly Prime, àwọn àdàkọ Tamara kò dà bí ẹni pé wọ́n ń kọlù ú. Ó dà bíi pé Tamara àti àwọn aṣojú ìjọba ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní ọ̀nà tó yàtọ̀ síra. Tamara mú Molly lọ sọ́dọ̀ Vitali Ignatiy Nikitovich, onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ará Rọ́síà kan tó mọ ìyá Molly Prime. Molly gbọ́ bí Tamara Prime ṣe ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Vitali, Molly sì sá lọ. Molly wọ ilé Vitali, níbi tí ó ti rí i pé wọ́n ń kó àwọn molly méjì tí wọ́n la iná náà já sí ìsàlẹ̀ ilé. Ó gbé àwọn molly tó kù lọ sí ọ̀dọ̀ James Down, ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ kan ṣoṣo tó kù. Ó dé ilé James nígbà tí ikùn rẹ̀ ya, tí molly sì yọ jáde. Molly yí àwọn oníṣọ̀nà tuntun náà lérò padà pé gbogbo wọn lè wà láàyè. Molly àti àwọn àwòkọ́ rẹ̀ (Mollyann, Moya, àti Molina) kó lọ sí Dorset. Molly fi ìwà Molly Southbourne sílẹ̀, ó sì nírètí láti wà láàyè gẹ́gẹ́ bí ènìyàn tuntun. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ìwé náà gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àtúnyẹ̀wò rere. ''Ìwé ìròyìn Publishers Weekly'' pè é ní “ohun tó ń bani lẹ́rù àti tó ń bani lẹ́rù,” ó sì sọ pé “ó ń gbé àwọn ìbéèrè tó yẹ nípa ìdámọ̀ àti ohun tó túmọ̀ sí láti jẹ́ ènìyàn dìde.” ''Ìwé ìròyìn Library Journal'' pè é ní “ẹ̀jẹ̀ tó ń múni gbọ̀n rìrì” àti “ó tún ń múni gbọ̀n rìrì bíi ti àwọn tó ṣáájú rẹ̀.” Àtúnyẹ̀wò kan láti ''inú ìwé Booklist'' pè é ní ìtàn kan tí ó “rékọjá ààlà láàrín ẹ̀rù, àwọn ìtàn àròsọ onígbà díẹ̀, àti ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì.” {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Àwọn àmì ẹ̀yẹ àti ọlá ! Ọdún ! Ẹ̀bùn ! Ẹ̀ka ! Àbájáde ! Àtúnṣe. |- ! 2019 | Ẹ̀bùn BSFA | Ìtàn Àròsọ Kúkúrú| {{sho}} | |- ! rowspan="2" | 2020 | Ẹ̀bùn Ìròyìn Àròsọ ti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì | Novella| {{sho}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Ignyte | Novella| {{sho|Finalist}} | |} == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} p8grkt4rzbmc42iu8pw7t3sz0pzmj5l 0 84431 637000 2026-09-16T13:21:24Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1240717994|Travelers (novel)]]" 637000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] -->|author=[[Helon Habila]]|country=Nigeria}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn Travelers''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2019 tí òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà [[Helon Habila]] kọ. WW Norton &amp;amp; Company ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde. Ìtàn náà dá lórí ìgbésí ayé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan tó ń gbé nílẹ̀ òkèèrè tó ń rìnrìn àjò káàkiri Yúróòpù láti mọ̀ sí i nípa àwọn asásálà Áfíríkà. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == "Travelers" sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà kan tí ó jẹ́ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gíga ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà, tí ó sì kó lọ sí Berlin pẹ̀lú aya rẹ̀, Gina, lẹ́yìn tí Gina ti gba àǹfààní pàtàkì kan láti lọ ṣe iṣẹ́ ọnà níbẹ̀. Ní Berlin, ó pàdé àwọn ará Áfíríkà tí wọ́n jẹ́ asásàá-ìlú (refugees), ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ronú jinlẹ̀ nípa ẹni tí òun jẹ́ àti àǹfààní pàtàkì tó ní láti máa rìnrìn-àjò lọ sí ibi yòówù tí ó bá fẹ́ láìsí ìdènà. Nítorí àwọn ìṣòro tó jẹ mọ́ ẹ̀yà-ara, ó kọ aya rẹ̀ sílẹ̀, ó sì pinnu láti máa rìnrìn-àjò káàkiri ilẹ̀ Yúróòpù kí ó lè pàdé àwọn ará Áfíríkà mìíràn tí wọ́n jẹ́ asásàá-ìlú. == Àwọn Òṣèré == * '''Gina''' – ìyàwó ẹni tó ń sọ ìtàn náà * '''Mark''' – akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ abẹ́lé abẹ́lé ará Malawi kan tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀rẹ́ ẹni tí ó ń sọ̀rọ̀ náà * '''Manu''' – oníṣẹ́ abẹ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Libya kan tí ó ń ṣe iṣẹ́ abẹ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ẹni tí ó sọ̀rọ̀ náà pàdé ní Berlin * '''Portia''' – ọmọbìnrin òǹkọ̀wé ará Zambia kan * '''Jọ́mbà''' * '''Karim''' * '''Flaubert''' == Gbigbawọle ati ẹbun == Emad Mirmotahari ti ''World Literature Today'' kọwe pe iwe itan naa "ko ni iranti fun agbara asa ti isọdi Afirika ati ileri atunṣe ti ifẹ-ajọ ... Ìwé ìròyìn ''Washington City Paper'' ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé ìtàn tí “kò ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn èrò tí kò tọ́.” [[Otosirieze Obi-Young]] ti ''Brittle Paper'' sọ pé ó “dà bíi pé ó ń lépa irú pípé kan”. Edward Docx tó ń kọ ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The Guardian]]'' rò pé ó “kún fún àwọn ìtọ́kasí ìwé tó ń yí ìtàn náà padà, tó ń fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ àti ọrọ̀ kún un, tó sì ń mú kí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tí a kò retí jáde.” Wọ́n yan orúkọ rẹ̀ fún ìdíje Grand Prix ti Àwọn Ẹgbẹ́ Ìwé 2019. wọ́n sì tún yàn án fún Ẹ̀bùn Ìrántí James Tait Black ti ọdún 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|url=James Murua}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 4oqpuxgkhtwcwumdjpeovo6wjpuztni 0 84432 637002 2026-09-16T13:22:52Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359594538|Butter Honey Pig Bread]]" 637002 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book||genre=[[Literary fiction]]|oclc=1140380383|congress=|dewey=|isbn_note=<br>1st ed Paperback|isbn=9781551528236|pages=|media_type=Print, ebook, kindle, audio|release_date=September 3, 2020|publisher=[[Arsenal Pulp Press]]|subject=|name=Butter Honey Pig Bread|language=[[English language|English]]|country=Canada|cover_artist=|illustrator=|author=[[Francesca Ekwuyasi]]|caption=|image=Butter Honey Pig Bread.jpg|translator=|title_orig=|followed_by=|illustrators=}} '''''Búrẹ́dì Àdídùn Oyin''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ ti Francesca Ekwuyasi, èyí tí Arsenal Pulp Press tẹ̀ jáde ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù Kẹsàn-án, ọdún 2020. Ìwé náà sọ ìtàn àwọn obìnrin mẹ́ta, Kambirinachi àti àwọn ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ ìbejì, Kehinde àti Taiye, ó sì wáyé ní àwọn kọ́ńtínẹ́ǹtì mẹ́ta. Àwọn kókó pàtàkì rẹ̀ ni oúnjẹ, ìdílé, àti ìdáríjì. <ref>{{Cite book|archive-date=August 4, 2024}}</ref> == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == Ní ọdún 2013, lẹ́yìn tí ó parí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ [[National Youth Service Corps]] ní Nàìjíríà tí ó sì ń dúró de ìwé àṣẹ láti Kánádà, Ekwuyasi bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ̀wé, ó sì lo ọjọ́ rẹ̀ láti ka ìwé ní Nàìjíríà ní ilé ìkàwé kan ní àdúgbò náà. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|archivedate=October 5, 2021}}</ref> Ìrírí yìí ló ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ìkọ̀wé ''Butter Honey Pig Bread.'' Lẹ́yìn náà, Ekwuyasi gba ìwé àṣẹ ìrìnnà rẹ̀ láti Kánádà, ó sì kó lọ sí Halifax, ó sì tẹ̀síwájú láti kọ ''Butter Honey Pig Bread,'' bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò fẹ́ kí wọ́n tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde. <ref name=":1" /> Ṣùgbọ́n, ọ̀rẹ́ kan rọ̀ ọ́ láti fi ìwé àṣẹ ránṣẹ́ sí Arsenal Pulp Press, nígbà tí ìwé àṣẹ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní Kánádà parí, wọ́n gba ìwé àṣẹ náà. <ref name=":1" /> Nígbà tó yá, wọ́n tẹ̀ ìwé náà jáde, Ekwuyasi sì gba ibùgbé títí láé ní Kánádà. <ref name=":1" /> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Butter Honey Pig Bread'' gba àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò olókìkí láti ''Booklist'' <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Chanoux|date=October 1, 2020|title=Butter Honey Pig Bread|url=https://www.booklistonline.com/Butter-Honey-Pig-Bread/pid=9738696|access-date=2021-10-15|archive-date=2021-10-28}}</ref> àti ''Publishers Weekly ,'' <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-10-18}}</ref> àti ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò rere. Laura Chanoux, tó ń kọ̀wé fún ''Booklist'', gbóríyìn fún ìkọ̀wé Ekwuyasi, ó ní, “Àwọn àpèjúwe tó wà nínú ìwé ìtàn náà... ń pe àwọn òǹkàwé láti gbádùn èdè Ekwuyasi pátápátá. Ìkọ̀wé rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ eré nígbà míì... Nípa ṣíṣe àdàpọ̀ ìjìnlẹ̀ ìmọ̀lára pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun tó ju agbára ẹ̀dá lọ, èyí jẹ́ ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ tó dára gan-an.” <ref name=":2" /> Àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò rere mìíràn tún wá láti ọ̀dọ̀ ''The New Yorker ,'' ''The Puritan,'' <ref>{{Cite journal|author=French|date=Fall 2020|title=Making Food, Making Fury: Francesca Ekwuyasi's Butter Honey Pig Bread|url=http://puritan-magazine.com/butter-honey-pig-bread-review/}}</ref> ''Hamilton Review of Books,'' <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-11-16}}</ref> ''The Suburban'', <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-03-10}}</ref> ''This Black Girl Reads,'' <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=October 27, 2021}}</ref> ''Consumed by Ink,'' <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=October 24, 2021}}</ref> àti ''Preword Reviews'' . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-10-31}}</ref> CBC ti pe ''Oyin Butter Pig Bread'' ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwé ìtàn Kánádà tó dára jùlọ ní ọdún 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-12-04}}</ref> ''Ìwé ìròyìn Globe and Mail <ref>{{Cite news|author=Cannon|language=en-CA|archivedate=October 12, 2021}}</ref>'' àti ''Quill &amp;amp; Quire <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=October 27, 2021}}</ref>'' fi kún àkójọ àwọn ìwé tó dára jùlọ ní ọdún yìí, láìka irú ìwé tí wọ́n kọ sí. ''Búrẹ́dì Ẹlẹ́dẹ̀ Bọ́tà Honey'' ni ìwé kẹsàn-án tí ó tà jùlọ ní orílẹ̀-èdè Kánádà ní ọdún 2021. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=January 19, 2024}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti ọlá fún ''Butter Honey Pig Bread'' ! Ọdún ! Ẹ̀bùn/Ọlá ! Ẹ̀ka ! Àbájáde ! Àtúnṣe. |- ! rowspan="2" | 2020 | Ẹ̀bùn Giller | —|{{Nom|Longlisted}} | <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-09-08}}</ref> |- | Ẹ̀bùn Gómìnà Àgbà | Ìtàn àròsọ ní èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì|{{Sho}} | <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=April 9, 2024}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="4" | 2021 | Ẹ̀bùn Àkọ́kọ́ Ìtàn Àròsọ Amazon.ca | —|{{Sho|Finalist}} | <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-05-28}}</ref> |- | Àwọn ìwé ìròyìn CBC Canada | —|{{Nom}} | <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-01-21}}</ref> |- | Ẹ̀bùn Ìkọ̀wé Lambda | Ìtàn Àwọn Obìnrin Obìnrin|{{Sho|Finalist}} | <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=June 13, 2022}}</ref> |- | Ẹ̀bùn ReLit | Ìtàn tuntun|{{Sho}} | <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=November 6, 2022}}</ref> |- ! 2022 | Ẹ̀bùn Dayne Ogilvie | —|{{Won}} | |} == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] 0ht2ytmc0pzs6hmpujole4330kor3jq 0 84433 637004 2026-09-16T13:24:48Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335441831|The Girl with the Louding Voice]]" 637004 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=[[Abi Daré]]|country=[[Nigeria]]}}Ìwé ìtàn '''''àròsọ The Girl with the Louding Voice''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ọdún 2020 àti ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ ti òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà Abi Daré . Ó sọ ìtàn ọmọbìnrin ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Adunni, tó di ọmọ ọ̀dọ̀, tó sì dojú kọ ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìdènà nígbà tó ń dàgbà, títí bí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ tó kéré, ipò òṣì àti àìlèsọ̀rọ̀ fúnra rẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite news|author=León|language=en-US}}</ref> Sceptre ló tẹ̀ ìwé náà jáde, àmì Hodder . == Ilana kikọ == A kọ ìwé *The Girl with the Louding Voice* láàrin àkókò ọdún mẹ́ta. Daré sọ pé òun ní èrò láti kọ ìwé náà nígbà tí òun ka ìròyìn kan nípa ọmọbìnrin oníṣẹ́-ilé kan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún, ẹni tí omi gbígbóná jó nígbà tí agbanisíṣẹ́ rẹ̀ da omi náà sí i lára.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Abi Daré On Nigeria and Daughterhood|url=https://lithub.com/abi-dare-on-nigeria-and-daughterhood/|last=Winchester|first=Kendra|date=2020-03-11|access-date=2025-10-25|website=[[Literary Hub]]}}</ref>Àwọn ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ àti àwọn ọdún tí ó lò ní àwọn abúlé ní Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ní ipa lórí ìwé náà. Daré lo èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí kì í ṣe èyí tí ó péye (ti àwọn oníwé-ìmọ̀), ó sì tún lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ láti inú èdè Pidgin nínú ìwé náà; ó ṣàlàyé pé òun ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ nítorí pé òun gbàgbọ́ pé lílo èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ó péye kò jẹ́ ohun tí a fi ń wọn bí ẹnìkan ṣe ní ọgbọ́n tó. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ọmọbìnrin ọlọ́dún mẹ́rìnlá ni Adunni, ọmọ ilé aláìní kan tó ń gbé ní abúlé ìgbèríko kan nítòsí ìlú [[Èkó]] . Ó ní ọgbọ́n gidigidi, ó sọ̀rọ̀ gbangba, ó sì ní èrò ọkàn tó jinlẹ̀, àmọ́ ó ń gbé nínú àṣà tí kò ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ànímọ́ wọ̀nyí nínú àwọn obìnrin. Iṣẹ́ òṣì dín ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ láti lọ sí ẹ̀kọ́ kí ó lè ṣe àṣeyọrí ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ láti di olùkọ́ ní gbogbo ayé rẹ̀. Lẹ́yìn ikú ìyá rẹ̀, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ olórí olùtọ́jú oúnjẹ, bàbá Adunni fipá mú un láti di ìyàwó kẹta fún ọkùnrin àgbàlagbà kan kí ó lè lo owó ìyàwó rẹ̀ fún ìtọ́jú ìdílé náà. Ọkọ rẹ̀ máa ń fipá bá a lòpọ̀ leralera. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó sá lọ sí Èkó láti di ọmọ ọ̀dọ̀ obìnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Big Madam tí ó máa ń fipá bá a lòpọ̀ tí ó sì máa ń fipá bá a lòpọ̀. Láìka onírúurú ìbànújẹ́ tó ń bá a, Adunni di àlá rẹ̀ mú láti lọ sí ilé ìwé, nítorí ó ti pinnu pé ẹ̀kọ́ ni ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti gbà ara rẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ ìnilára. == Àwọn Àkòrí == Àwọn kókó pàtàkì nínú ''ìwé The Girl with the Hearing Voice'' ni [[Ìjà fẹ́tọ̀ọ́ Obìnrin|agbára obìnrin]], agbára láti sọ̀rọ̀ àti pàtàkì títẹ̀lé àlá ẹni, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun kikọ pàtàkì Adunni ti fihàn. A ti mọ ìtàn yìí fún àfihàn gidi rẹ̀ nípa ìbálòpọ̀, àìní ní Nàìjíríà, ìṣiṣẹ́ ọmọdé àti ìgbéyàwó ọmọdé ní Nàìjíríà — gbogbo àwọn ìdènà tí Adunni gbọ́dọ̀ borí kí ó tó lè lépa góńgó rẹ̀ láti gba ẹ̀kọ́. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ìwé náà gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àtúnyẹ̀wò rere. Ó jẹ́ ìwé ìròyìn tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ <nowiki><i id="mwQg">ní New York Times</i></nowiki>, ìwé ìròyìn ' Read' ti oṣù Kejì ọdún 2020 pẹ̀lú àṣàyàn Jenna àti ìwé ìròyìn BBC Radio 4 tí wọ́n yàn ''ní Bedtime'' . Wọ́n yan ìwé náà fún ẹ̀bùn Desmond Elliott fún àwọn òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn àròsọ àkọ́kọ́. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ló dámọ̀ràn rẹ̀, títí bí ìwé ìròyìn <nowiki><i id="mwWg">The New York Times</i></nowiki>, <nowiki><i id="mwXA">Vogue</i></nowiki> àti <nowiki><i id="mwXg">Essence</i></nowiki> . Àtúnyẹ̀wò tí ''Kirkus Reviews'' ṣe pàtàkì pè é ní “ìbànújẹ́ àti ìṣírí.” <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/abi-dare/the-girl-with-the-louding-voice/|title=THE GIRL WITH THE LOUDING VOICE {{!}} Kirkus Reviews}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} c9kgllcmfo0z63pn9npn7yu4rd9ymiz 0 84434 637005 2026-09-16T13:25:50Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333593090|Ogadinma, or Everything Will Be All Right]]" 637005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Ogadinma or, Everything Will Be Alright|author=[[Ukamaka Olisakwe]]|language=English|country=Nigeria|image=File:Ogadinma.jpg|caption=First edition|genre=Literary fiction|publisher=Indigo Press|preceded_by=Eyes of a Goddess|set_in=South East Nigeria|release_date=June 18, 2020|pages=256|isbn=978-1-911648-16-1}} '''''Ogadinma, tàbí Everything Will Be All Right''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn tí òǹkọ̀wé [[Nàìjíríà|ọmọ Nàìjíríà]] Ukamaka Olisakwe kọ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Review: Ogadinma Or, Everything Will Be Alright by Ukamaka Olisakwe|url=http://columbiajournal.org/review-ogadinma-or-everything-will-be-alright-ukamaka-olisakwe/|author=Anena|date=May 3, 2020|access-date=January 10, 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ukamaka Olisakwe's Forthcoming Novel, Ogadinma, Is a Feminist Story Set in '80s Nigeria|url=https://brittlepaper.com/2020/02/ukamaka-olisakwes-forthcoming-novel-ogadinma-is-a-feminist-story-set-in-80s-nigeria/|author=Ibeh|date=February 24, 2020|access-date=January 10, 2022}}</ref> <ref name="girl">{{Cite news|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-911648-16-1|title=Fiction Book Review: Ogadinma: Or, Everything Will Be All Right|date=January 8, 2021|access-date=January 10, 2022}}</ref> == ìtàn àròsọ == Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ yìí dá lórí ìjàkadì ọ̀dọ́bìnrin kan nígbà tí ó ń dàgbà—láti inú àwọn ìbáṣepọ̀ ìfẹ́ tí kò yọrí sí rere àti àwọn àlá tí kò ṣẹ, títí dé ìgbà tí ó ní òmìnira ara rẹ̀.<ref name="girl2">{{cite news|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-911648-16-1|title=Fiction Book Review: Ogadinma: Or, Everything Will Be All Right|date=January 8, 2021|access-date=January 10, 2022|publisher=[[Publishers Weekly]]}}</ref> Àwọn kókó-ọ̀rọ̀ tí a gbé yẹ̀wò nínú ìwé náà ni ẹ̀tọ́ àti ipò àwọn obìnrin, agbára àwọn ọkùnrin nínú àwùjọ, àti àwọn ohun tí àwùjọ ń retí lọ́wọ́ ẹni. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} f88ls4gg89m7wmq1tofgvaz5jdsb434 0 84435 637006 2026-09-16T13:27:34Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366464005|The Mechanics of Yenagoa]]" 637006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=The Mechanics of Yenagoa|image=File:The Mechanics of Yenagoa.jpg|caption=First edition|alt=|author=[[Michael Afenfia]]|title_orig=|working_title=|translator=|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=English|series=|release_number=|subject=|genre=[[Fiction]]|publisher=[[Masobe Books]]|pub_date=11 May 2020|pages=305|awards=|isbn=9789785728118|oclc=|congress=|preceded_by=|followed_by=}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn The Mechanics of Yenagoa''''' Jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ ti ọdún 2020 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Kánádà, Michael Afenfia. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Masobe books list new authors, books|url=https://m.guardian.ng/art/masobe-books-list-new-authors-books/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=13 October 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=My Journey Birthing 'The Mechanics Of Yenagoa' – Michael Afenfia|url=https://dailytrust.com/my-journey-birthing-the-mechanics-of-yenagoa-michael-afenfia|date=11 October 2020}}</ref> ''Àwọn ẹ̀rọ ìṣiṣẹ́ Yenagoa'' jẹ́ nípa Ebinimi a Mekaniki ní [[Yenagoa]] . Ó ń ṣàwárí ìyípadà láàárín àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àti àwọn ìgbòkègbodò ojoojúmọ́ àwọn ènìyàn Yenagoa. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thecable.ng/to-the-repairer-in-us-a-review-of-michael-afenfias-the-mechanics-of-yenagoa|title=To the repairer in us: A review of Michael Afenfia's 'The Mechanics of Yenagoa'|date=14 July 2021|newspaper=[[TheCable]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dailytrust.com/unscrewing-nuts-in-afenfias-the-mechanics-of-yenagoa|title=Unscrewing nuts in Afenfia's 'The Mechanics of Yenagoa'|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|date=18 July 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/mechanics-yenagoa-revives-reading-culture-bayelsa/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Mechanics of Yenagoa revives reading culture in Bayelsa|date=22 November 2018|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> == Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti ìdámọ̀ == * Àwọn ìwé mọ̀kànlá tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ tí ''[[Media Trust|Daily Trust]]'' yóò retí ní ọdún 2020. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dailytrust.com/11-nigerian-books-to-expect-in-2020|title=11 Nigerian books to expect in 2020|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|date=28 December 2019}}</ref> * Láàrin àwọn ìwé pàtàkì ti ọdún 2020 láti ọwọ́ ''YNaija'' . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} o73c2yaq84sm1e0oyrq345uhphxstu5 0 84436 637007 2026-09-16T13:32:13Z TheAanuoluwa 24053 Mo dá ojúewé yìí 637007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Estonian communist politician}} [[Fáìlì:Neeme_Ruus.jpg|thumb|Neeme Ruus]] '''Neeme Ruus''' (wọ́n bi ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1911 ní Oparino, Vologda Governorate, Ẹkùn [[Russia]] – ọjọ́ kejì oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 1942 ní [[Tallinn]], Generalbezirk Estland) jẹ́ olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ [[Estonia]], alátìlẹyìn fún ètò-ìṣèlú nípasẹ̀ àwùjọ àti kọmúnísímù, ó sì tún jẹ́ aṣàmúlò èdè àjùmọ̀lò láàgbáyé. Láti ọdún 1938 sí 1940, ó jẹ́ ọmọ-ẹgbẹ́ apá òsì fún àjọ aṣòfin (apá-kejì àjọ-aṣòfin onípìn-ín méjì VI Riigikogu).<ref>{{cite news|title=Riigivolikoguliige|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-echo-neeme-ruus-1911-1942/168255268/|work=Liverpool Echo|date=February 17, 1939|location=Liverpool, UK|page=8|access-date=March 18, 2025|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref> Nígbà tí Ogun Àgbáyé Kejì ń lọ lọ́wọ́, lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ tí àjọ [[USSR|Soviet]] gba ilẹ̀ Estonia, Àwọn alákòóso àti aṣojú Stalin fi Ruus sípò Mínísítà Alábòójútó Ètò Àwùjọ lábẹ́ ìjọba aláìlágbára àjọ Soviet tuntun (kábínẹ́tì Johannes Vares) ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélọgún oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 1940<ref name="riigikogu.ee">{{cite web|title=Juhatus ja liikmed|url=https://www.riigikogu.ee/tutvustus-ja-ajalugu/riigikogu-ajalugu/vi-riigikogu-riigivolikogu-ja-riiginoukogu/juhatus-ja-liikmed/|website=Riigikogu|access-date=5 March 2021|language=et}}</ref> gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ara "àjọ aláṣẹ àárín-gbùngbùn."<ref>{{cite news|title=Red Uprisings Reported from Baltic Countries|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/columbia-missourian-neeme-ruus-1911-194/168255224/|work=Columbia Missourian|date=June 22, 1940|location=Columbia, MO|page=1|access-date=March 18, 2025|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref> Láìpẹ́ ìjọba Hitler kógun jà wọ́n ni ọdún 1941, Ruus fara pamọ́ nínú Estonia. Àwọn alákòóso àti aṣojú ilẹ̀ Jámánì mu nínú abúlé Hirvil ní Estonia, wọ́n fi ẹ̀sùn kàn án, wọ́n sì pa á. Ọmọ rẹ̀ ni [[Ingrid Rüütel]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Erelt|first1=Pekka|title=Neeme Ruus – reetur ja reedetu|url=https://ekspress.delfi.ee/artikkel/69015693/neeme-ruus-reetur-ja-reedetu|access-date=January 11, 2025|work=Eesti Ekspress|date=February 4, 2002}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} pdmtvn518ynn3jth2ayfj4fdcp540sn 0 84437 637019 2026-09-16T14:02:12Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356083182|The Returnees]]" 637019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=The Returnees|author=Elizabeth Okoh|language=English|image=File:The Returnees.jpg|caption=First edition|publisher=[[Hodder & Stoughton]]|pub_date=August 6, 2020|isbn=9781529380552|pages=304|country=|set_in=[[Nigeria]]|oclc=1196322088}} Ìwé ìtàn '''''The Returnees tí Elizabeth Okoh kọ ni The Returnees''''' . A kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2020 láti ọwọ́ Hodder &amp;amp; Stoughton, àmì Hachette UK sì ni. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 67ep9dlz1phsq15q22fzvn3k923o0tk 0 84438 637020 2026-09-16T14:03:44Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355394123|Riot Baby]]" 637020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] -->|name=Riot Baby|title_orig=|translator=|image=Riot_Baby_cover.jpg|caption=|author=[[Tochi Onyebuchi]]|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=[[United States]]|language=English|series=|genre=[[Science fiction]]|publisher=[[Tor.com|Tor Publishing]]|pub_date=January 21, 2020|english_pub_date=|media_type=Print (hardcover)|pages=176|dewey=|isbn=978-1-250-21475-1|preceded_by=|followed_by=}}'''''Riot Baby''''' Jẹ́ ìtàn kúkúrú oní-ìmọ̀-ìjìnlẹ̀ àròsọ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Amẹ́ríkà, Tochi Onyebuchi, kọ, tí wọ́n sì tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2020. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ella Jackson jẹ́ ọmọbìnrin kékeré kan tí ó ní agbára láti rí àwọn ohun tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ibòmíràn tàbí ní ọjọ́ iwájú, àti agbára láti gbé àwọn nǹkan sókè tàbí kí ó sún wọn láìfi ọwọ́ kàn wọ́n; àwọn agbára wọ̀nyí ni ó máa ń pè ní "Ohun" tirẹ̀. Wọ́n bí àbúrò rẹ̀ ọkùnrin, Kevin (tí wọ́n ń pè ní "Kev"), ní àkókò ìrúkèrúdò Los Angeles ti ọdún 1992. Agbára Ella túbọ̀ ń pọ̀ sí i bí ó ṣe ń dàgbà sí i; ó máa ń ní àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ó jọ ti àìsàn wárápá, èyí tí ó máa ń fa kí àwọn ohun-èlò ilé máa fò káàkiri, tí wọ́n sì máa ń ṣe àwọn ènìyàn tí ó wà ní àyíká ní ìpalára. Lẹ́yìn tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ pa ìyá rẹ̀ ní àìròtẹ́lẹ̀, Ella pòórá kúrò níbẹ̀. Wọ́n dá Kev lẹ́bi fún ìgbìyànjú olè jíjà, wọ́n sì fi í sí àhámọ́ ní Rikers. Ella máa ń wá sọ́dọ̀ rẹ̀ déédéé nípasẹ̀ ìṣàfihàn astral . Nínú ìrúkèrúdò kan ní ọgbà ẹ̀wọ̀n, Kev mọ̀ pé ó ṣeé ṣe kí òun náà máa ní agbára láti lo agbára ìkọsílẹ̀. Ìyá Kev kú nígbà tí wọ́n fi í sẹ́wọ̀n. Ó ronú nípa pípa ara rẹ̀ ṣùgbọ́n ó yí èrò rẹ̀ padà, nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín ó di olùdámọ̀ràn fún àwọn ẹlẹ́wọ̀n mìíràn tí wọ́n ń pa ara wọn. Lẹ́yìn ọdún mẹ́jọ tí wọ́n ti fi sẹ́wọ̀n, wọ́n dá Kev sílẹ̀ lórí ìdásílẹ̀, ó sì pinnu láti padà sí ìwọ̀ oòrùn. Ella bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í bínú sí ìwà ipá àti ìyàsọ́tọ̀ ẹ̀yà tí wọ́n ṣe sí [[Afirika Amẹrika|àwọn ará Amẹ́ríkà dúdú]] . Ó fi ìran kan hàn Kev nípa ìbí rẹ̀ nígbà ìrúkèrúdò náà. Nínú àwọn àwòrán tí ó túbọ̀ ń tàn kálẹ̀ sí i tí ó sì ń mú kí ìwà ipá pọ̀ sí i, Ella àti Kev gbèrò láti lo agbára wọn láti dá ayé tí ó dára jù sílẹ̀ fún àwọn ènìyàn dúdú. == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ọdún ! Ẹ̀bùn ! Ẹ̀ka ! Àwọn Àbájáde ! {{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- ! rowspan="2" | 2020 | Àṣàyàn Goodreads | Itan agbelẹrọ imọijinlẹ| {{sho|Finalist}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Nebula | Ìtàn Àròsọ Tó Dáa Jùlọ| {{sho|Finalist}} | <ref name="nebula2020">{{Cite web|archivedate=January 5, 2023}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="7" | 2021 | Ẹ̀bùn Alex | —| {{won}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Hugo | Novella| {{sho|Finalist}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Ignyte | Novella| {{won}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Àdúgbò | Novella| {{sho|Finalist}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Àwòrán NAACP | Lítíréṣọ̀ - Ìtàn Àròsọ| {{sho|Finalist}} | <ref name="image2021">{{Cite web|archivedate=November 20, 2021}}</ref> |- | Ẹ̀bùn Nommo | Novella| {{sho|Finalist}} | |- | Ẹ̀bùn Àròsọ Àgbáyé | Novella| {{won}} | |} == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 511sc8a16jukmb37bi2pe03baktk9vy 0 84439 637021 2026-09-16T14:04:42Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753932|Ties That Tether]]" 637021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=[[Jane Igharo]]|isbn=978-0-593-10194-0|pub_date=29 September 2020|genre=Fiction|language=English|publisher=Berkley|image=File:Ties_That_Tether.jpg}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn''''' àròsọ kan láti ọwọ́ Jane Igharo, òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn àròsọ ọmọ orílẹ̀- [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|èdè Nàìjíríà]], ni ó kọ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ kan. Ìwé ìtàn náà dá lórí Azere, obìnrin kan tó ṣèlérí fún baba rẹ̀ tó ti kú pé òun yóò fẹ́ ọmọ Nàìjíríà kan. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/Ties-That-Tether-Jane-Igharo/dp/0593101944|title=Ties That Tether|location=New York|language=English}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/jane-igharo/ties-that-tether/|title=TIES THAT TETHER {{!}} Kirkus Reviews|language=en}}</ref> == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn yìí dá lórí Azere, ẹni tí ó ṣe ìlérí fún bàbá rẹ̀ tó ń kú lọ—nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún méjìlá—pé òun yóò fẹ́ ọkùnrin ọmọ Nàìjíríà kan, tí yóò sì tún gbé àṣà àti ìṣe ilẹ̀ ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ lárugẹ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó ti kó lọ sí orílẹ̀-èdè Canada. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, àwọn ìsapá aláìdáwọ́dúró tí ìyá rẹ̀ ń ṣe láti wá ọkùnrin ọmọ Nàìjíríà fún un gẹ́gẹ́ bí àṣà ìbílẹ̀ yọrí sí ìpàdé àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ kan pẹ̀lú Rafael Castellano—ọkùnrin aláwọ̀ funfun kan tí ó ga tí ó sì rẹwà—èyí tí ó sì yọrí sí ìbálòpọ̀ alẹ́ kan ṣoṣo. Bí ìbáṣepọ̀ wọn ṣe ń jinlẹ̀ sí i láìròtẹ́lẹ̀, Azere ń ní ìṣòro pẹ̀lú àwọn ìmọ̀lára tó yàtọ̀ síra láàárín ìfẹ́ rẹ̀ fún Rafael tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìfaradà rẹ̀ sí àwọn ohun tí ìdílé rẹ̀ ń retí. == Àwọn Òṣèré == * Azere: Olórí ìtàn náà, ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan tó ń gbé ní Kánádà tó ṣe ìlérí fún baba rẹ̀ tó ń kú láti fẹ́ ọkùnrin kan ní Nàìjíríà kí ó sì máa gbé àṣà ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ ga. Ó ń bá àwọn ìmọ̀lára tó takora jà bí ìdúró rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Rafael ní alẹ́ kan ṣe ń yí padà sí àjọṣepọ̀ tó lágbára, èyí sì ń mú kí ó dojúkọ àwọn ìbéèrè nípa ìdámọ̀ àti àwọn ohun tí ìdílé ń retí. * Rafael Castellano: Rafael, ẹni gíga, arẹwà, àti funfun ni ọkùnrin tí Azere ní ìbáṣepọ̀ alẹ́ kan ṣoṣo pẹ̀lú rẹ̀ tí ó yípadà sí ìbáṣepọ̀ pàtàkì láìròtẹ́lẹ̀. Ó pe èrò Azere nípa ìdámọ̀ àṣà àti ìtẹ́wọ́gbà rẹ̀ níjà, èyí tó mú kí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í béèrè bóyá nínífẹ̀ẹ́ rẹ̀ lè ba àṣà ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ jẹ́ ní Nàìjíríà. * Ìyá Azere: Ẹni pàtàkì nínú ìgbésí ayé Azere tó pinnu láti rí ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ tó fẹ́ ọkùnrin kan ní Nàìjíríà, tó sì máa pa àṣà ìbílẹ̀ wọn mọ́. Ó fipá mú Azere láti tẹ̀lé àwọn ohun tí ó ń retí nípa àṣà ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀, èyí sì tún ń fi kún ìjà àárín Azere. * Baba Azere: Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó ti kú, ìfẹ́ baba Azere pé kí ó fẹ́ ọkùnrin ọmọ Nàìjíríà ló nípa lórí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìjà tó wà nínú ìtàn náà. Ìfojúsùn rẹ̀ wúwo gidigidi lórí ẹ̀rí ọkàn Azere bí ó ṣe ń ṣàyẹ̀wò ìbáṣepọ̀ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Rafael. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 7csu1j46jc8c20g8l25orgrbn42azyt 0 84440 637022 2026-09-16T14:06:58Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753799|Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth]]" 637022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth|image=Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth.jpg|caption=First edition|author=[[Wole Soyinka]]|country=Nigeria|genre=[[Literary fiction]]|publisher={{Plainlist| * [[Bookcraft Africa]] * [[Pantheon Books]] * [[Bloomsbury Circus]] }}|pub_date=2021|media_type=Print|isbn=978-0-593-31447-0}}'''''Ìwé Ìtàn Láti Ilẹ̀ Àwọn Ènìyàn Ayọ̀ Jùlọ ní Ayé''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2021 tí òǹkọ̀wé eré àti òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà [[Wọlé Sóyinká|Wole Soyinka]] kọ. Ìwé ìròyìn Bookcraft Africa ló gbé e jáde ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2021. Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ yìí jẹ́ èyí tí ó ń fi ọ̀rọ̀ òṣèlú ṣe yẹ̀yẹ́, tí ó sì dá lórí ìròyìn kan pé àwọn ọmọ Nàìjíríà wà lára ​​àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n láyọ̀ jùlọ láyé. Ó sọ nípa ìtàn Dókítà Kighare Menka, dókítà oníṣẹ́-abẹ́ kan tí ó ṣàwárí ètò ìtajà àṣírí àwọn ẹ̀yà ara ènìyàn tí ó ń lọ lọ́wọ́ ní ilé-ìwòsàn rẹ̀. Èyí ni ìwé ìtàn àròsọ kẹta ti Soyinka, àti èyí àkọ́kọ́ láti ìgbà tí ó kọ *Season of Anomy*, èyí tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 1973. == Àkótán == Ìwé ìtàn náà wáyé ní èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] tí a lè fojú rí. Àwùjọ ìkọ̀kọ̀ kan tí ó ní àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ olókìkí nínú ìṣèlú àti ẹ̀sìn orílẹ̀-èdè náà ń ta àwọn ẹ̀yà ara ènìyàn fún lílò nínú àwọn ààtò ìsìn. Wọ́n jí àwọn ẹ̀yà ara kan láti ilé-ìwòsàn tí Dókítà Kighare Menka ń darí; dókítà abẹ́-ṣíṣe ni òun, ó sì máa ń tọ́jú àwọn tí ogun ti pa lára. Ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀, Duyole Pitan-Payne, fẹ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ní Àjọ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Àgbáyé (United Nations) ní ìlú New York gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Àwọn agbára àràmàdà kan fojú sọ Duyole, wọ́n sì ń gbìyànjú láti dí i lọ́wọ́ láti gba ipò tuntun yẹn. Wọ́n pa Duyole lẹ́yìn tí Dókítà Menka sọ fún un nípa ètò tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní ilé ìwòsàn rẹ̀. == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == [[File:Wole_Soyinka_in_2018-8.jpg|left|thumb|202x202px| Wole Soyinka nígbà tí wọ́n ń sọ̀rọ̀ ní ilé ìkàwé gbogbogbò Stockholm ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2018.]] Wole Soyinka, ẹni tí ó gba Ẹ̀bùn Nobel nínú Lítíréṣọ̀ ní ọdún 1986, gba ìròhìn kan pé àwọn ọmọ Nàìjíríà wà lára àwọn ènìyàn ayọ̀ jùlọ ní Ayé, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ̀wé ní nǹkan bí ogún ọdún lẹ́yìn náà àti kí [[Àjàkáyé-àrùn èrànkòrónà ọdún 2019-2020|àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19]] tó bẹ̀rẹ̀. <ref name="Munshi">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/53f5062e-0836-472d-9f25-93785b644f41|archivedate=10 December 2022|title=Wole Soyinka on Nigeria: 'It's like something has broken in society'|date=22 September 2021}}</ref> <ref name="Tepper">{{Cite web|archivedate=28 September 2021}}</ref> <ref name="Vásquez">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/28/books/review/wole-soyinka-chronicles-novel.html|date=28 September 2021|title=The Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's First Novel Since 1973|access-date=22 September 2022|archivedate=22 September 2022}}</ref> Wọ́n kọ ìwé náà ní àkókò méjì tí ó gba ọjọ́ mẹ́rìndínlógún láàrín [[Senegal]] àti [[Gánà|Ghana]] . Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Soyinka ti sọ, ìdádúró àjàkálẹ̀-àrùn náà ràn án lọ́wọ́ láti parí ìwé ìtàn náà, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìwé mìíràn, ní ilé rẹ̀ ní [[Abẹ́òkúta|Abeokuta]] . <ref name="Munshi" /> <ref name="Tepper" /> <ref name="Flood">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/oct/28/wole-soyinka-to-publish-first-novel-in-almost-50-years-chronicles-of-the-happiest-people-on-earth|title=Wole Soyinka to publish first novel in almost 50 years|location=London|date=28 October 2020|access-date=7 October 2023|archivedate=7 October 2023}}</ref> ''Ìwé Chronicles'' tí í ṣe ìwé ìtàn kẹta ti Soyinka ni wọ́n gbé jáde ní ọdún 2021 láti ọwọ́ Bookcraft Africa, Pantheon Books àti Bloomsbury Circus, èyí tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ tó àádọ́ta ọdún lẹ́yìn ìwé ìtàn rẹ̀ tó kẹ́yìn, ''[[Àkókò Àìsímọ̀|Season of Anomy]]'' tí wọ́n tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 1973. <ref name="Flood" /> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=28 September 2021}}</ref> <ref name="Orthofer">{{Cite web|archivedate=9 August 2022}}</ref> Ní ọdún 2023, Éditions du Seuil tẹ̀ ìtumọ̀ Faransé jáde, [[:it:La nave di Teseo|La nave di Teseo]] sì tẹ̀ ìtumọ̀ kan jáde ní èdè Italian. <ref name="Melissa">{{Cite news|title=Nigerian literary giant Wole Soyinka releases new novel in France|url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/culture/20230918-nigerian-literary-hero-wole-soyinka-present-new-novel-in-france|date=18 September 2023|access-date=7 October 2023|archivedate=27 September 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=6 December 2023}}</ref> Ìwé ìtàn yìí jẹ́ àkàwé fún [[Ìwà Àjẹbánu|ìwà ìbàjẹ́]] tí ìjọba ń ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn rẹ̀, èyí tó wọ́pọ̀ ní Nàìjíríà àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà tó jọra. <ref name="Okri">{{Cite web|url=Ben Okri|archivedate=4 October 2021}}</ref> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ìwé ìtàn náà gba àtúnyẹ̀wò pàtàkì láti ọ̀dọ̀ ''Kirkus Reviews'' tí ó gbé ọ̀rọ̀ náà ga, <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=27 November 2021}}</ref> nígbà tí ''Publishers Weekly'' gbóríyìn fún ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “[àwàdà] tí ó ń wo ìwà ìbàjẹ́ ní Nàìjíríà òde òní, ''Chronicles'' tún jẹ́ ìtàn tí ó fani mọ́ra tí ó sì ń fani mọ́ra.” àti “[ìtàn] tí ó tànmọ́lẹ̀ tí ó gbé ọ̀rọ̀ ìṣèlú, ẹgbẹ́, ìwà ìbàjẹ́, àti ẹ̀sìn kalẹ̀ láti orí àkọ́kọ́. Ó tẹnu mọ́ èdè Soyinka tí ó dùn mọ́ni tí ó sì lẹ́wà.” <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2 December 2021}}</ref> Neil Munshi ti ''Financial Times'' ṣapejuwe ''Chronicles'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìwòye ẹlẹ́yà nípa agbára àti ìwà ìbàjẹ́ ní Nàìjíríà, tí a sọ ní ìrísí ẹni tí ó ní àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ mẹ́ta ní yunifásítì nínú.” <ref name="Munshi" /> Nígbà tí ó ń ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò fún ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The Guardian]]'', òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà [[Ben Okri]] pe ìwé ìtàn náà ní "ìtàn onítàn ńlá" àti "ìtàn Soyinka tó dára jùlọ, ẹ̀san rẹ̀ sí àwọn ìwà òmùgọ̀ àwọn aláṣẹ orílẹ̀-èdè náà àti ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìtàn tó yani lẹ́nu jùlọ ní orílẹ̀-èdè Áfíríkà kan ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún." <ref name="Okri" /> Òǹkọ̀wé ará Colombia, Juan Gabriel Vásquez, tó ń kọ̀wé fún ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The New York Times]]'', sọ pé Soyinka kọ ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ẹkún fún ẹ̀mí ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè rẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà,” àti bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìtàn náà “dàrúdàpọ̀, ó ṣókùnkùn nígbà míì, [àti] ó sábà máa ń di ara rẹ̀ mọ́ ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ nǹkan,” ìwé ìtàn náà jẹ́ àṣeyọrí ìwádìí “ìkójọpọ̀ láàárín ìwà ìbàjẹ́, ìtara ìsìn, ìbínú àti ogún ìpínyà ìjọba amúnisìn.” <ref name="Vásquez" /> MA Orthofer ṣe àyẹ̀wò ìwé ìtàn B+ nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò ''Complete Review'', ó pè é ní “iṣẹ́ tí a ṣe lọ́nà ìyanu,” nígbà tí ó ń sọ pé “àwọn gbólóhùn rẹ̀ àti ìtàn rẹ̀ jẹ́ ohun ìpèníjà”. <ref name="Orthofer" /> Keishel William, tó ń kọ̀wé fún ''NPR'', kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ ní èrò rere, ó parí èrò sí pé ìwé ìtàn náà kò sí lára àwọn iṣẹ́ tó dára jùlọ tí Soyinka ṣe, ṣùgbọ́n “àwọn apá kan nínú ìwé ìtàn náà dára gan-an – àti ní ọ̀nà Soyinka tòótọ́, ìwé náà ń gbé ọ sínú àárín ìgbésí ayé Nàìjíríà, fún rere tàbí búburú.” <ref>{{Cite news|author=Williams|language=en|archivedate=22 September 2022}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] 3clu3088vcsk0tjc0llsrgz6bu46h6r 0 84441 637023 2026-09-16T14:08:12Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356456513|Every Leaf a Hallelujah]]" 637023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox novel|name=Every Leaf a Hallelujah|image=File:Every_Leaf_a_Hallelujah.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=|author=[[Ben Okri]]|audio_read_by=|title_orig=|translator=|illustrator=[[Diana Ejaita]]|cover_artist=Diana Ejaita|country=[[United Kingdom]]|set_in=|language=English|subject=[[Environmentalism]]|genre={{plainlist| * [[Children's literature]] * [[Magic realism]] * [[Climate fiction]] }}|publisher={{plainlist| * [[Other Press]] (US) * [[Head of Zeus|Apollo]] (UK) }}|pub_date=2021|media_type={{plainlist| * Print ([[Hardcover]]) * Digital }}|pages=112|awards=|isbn=978-1800241626|isbn_note=(Apollo edition)|oclc=|website=}} '''''Ìwé Every Leaf a Hallelujah''''' Ó jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ tí ó dá lórí ọ̀rọ̀ àyíká, tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, Ben Okri, kọ, tí Diana Ejaita sì ya àwọn àwòrán inú rẹ̀. Ilé-iṣẹ́ Other Press (ní Amẹ́ríkà) àti Apollo (ní ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì) ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2021. ''Ìwé Every Leaf a Hallelujah'' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn mẹ́jọ ti Okri àti ìwé ìtàn àwọn ọmọdé àkọ́kọ́. <ref name="Financial" /> Ìfẹ́ tí Okri ní fún [[Àdánidá|ìṣẹ̀dá]] ló mú kó kọ ìwé ìtàn náà. <ref name="Financial" /> Ìwé náà jẹ́ irú àtakò lòdì sí [[Iparun igbo|pípa igbó run]] <ref name="Brittle">{{Cite web|url=Ainehi Edoro}}</ref> tí àwọn “àgbàlagbà” kan ṣe tí wọ́n “ń ka owó sí ju ìṣẹ̀dá lọ.” == Àwọn Òṣèré == * '''Mangoshi''' — ọmọ kékeré kan tó dúró fún ìṣẹ̀dá * '''Olùṣàkóso''' — ẹni tó ni ilé-iṣẹ́ igi àti ìkọ́lé == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn náà tẹ̀lé Mangoshi, ọmọ kan tí ìyá rẹ̀ ń kú lọ tí ó lọ sí igbó láti lọ ra ewé iyebíye kan tí ó lè wo ìyá rẹ̀ sàn. Ó rí i pé ìwà ẹ̀dá náà ń kú lọ. Ó padà sí abúlé náà láìsí ọwọ́ òfo, ṣùgbọ́n ó di dandan láti padà síbẹ̀ nígbà tí gbogbo ènìyàn ní abúlé náà bá ṣàìsàn. Nínú ìrìnàjò kejì rẹ̀, igi baobab àtijọ́ kan ló ń tọ́ ọ sọ́nà, èyí tó ń kọ́ ọ nípa ìṣòro àwọn igi àti ìṣẹ̀dá gbogbogbòò. Mangoshi ni a yàn láti kojú àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ tí wọ́n fẹ́ "ṣe àtúnṣe igbó náà". == Àkòrí àti àṣà == Àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ inú ìwé náà ní [[Iparun igbo|pípa igbó run]], ìgbòkègbodò àyíká . <ref name="Brittle" /> Okri lo lílo [[ewì]] àti ìtàn àròsọ. <ref name="Brittle" /> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Ìwé ìròyìn Publishers Weekly'' ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ohun iyebíye” kan tí “yóò dùn mọ́ àwọn àgbàlagbà àti àwọn ọmọ wọn.” A kọ ọ́ sí inú ''ìwé Brittle Paper'' tí a mọ̀ sí Notable Books ti ọdún 2021. Miles Ellingham ti ''Financial Times'' ṣe àpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “apá kan ìtàn àròsọ, apá kan ìwé ìmọ̀ ìjìnlẹ̀ nípa àwọn ènìyàn àti apá kan ìwé ìtọ́ni fún ìdènà tí kì í ṣe ìwà ipá.” ó ń yin “ìrísí ọ̀rọ̀ sísọ tí ó ṣe kedere ti Okri,” ó sì sọ pé “àwọn gbólóhùn rẹ̀ rọrùn láti lò, ṣùgbọ́n kì í ṣe láti fi ìkọ̀wé tí ó ní ìtumọ̀ hàn.” <ref name="Financial" /> Ó tún sọ pé ìtàn náà “jẹ́ ohun ìyanu ju àwọn àwòrán Diana Ejaita lọ.” <ref name="Financial" /> Karen Haber tó ń kọ̀wé fún ''Locus'' pè é ní “ìrìn àjò sí àwọ̀ tó dúdú àti àwòrán tó kún fún èrè nígbà gbogbo.” Ó ṣe àkíyèsí pé Ejiata lo “àwọn àwòrán tó ń pe àṣọ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà, àwòrán ìkọ̀kọ̀, àti àwòrán onígi.” <ref>{{Cite web|url=Karen Haber}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} le473guo7g3j7riuygbsbwqe3d15oqj 0 84442 637024 2026-09-16T14:10:27Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361569468|Far from the Light of Heaven]]" 637024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|italic title=<!--(see above)-->|name=Far from the Light of Heaven|image=Far from the Light of Heaven.png|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=|authors=[[Tade Thompson]]|audio_read_by=|title_orig=|orig_lang_code=|title_working=|translators=|illustrators=|cover_artist=|country=United Kingdom|language=English|series=|release_number=|subjects=|genres=Science fiction; mystery novel|set_in=|publisher=[[Orbit Books]]|publisher2=|pub_date=|english_pub_date=|published=26 Oct 2021|media_type=|pages=400|awards=|isbn=978-0-759-55791-8|isbn_note=|oclc=|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=|followed_by=|native_wikisource=|wikisource=|notes=|exclude_cover=|website=}}Ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì '''''tó jinna sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ ọ̀run''''' ni ìwé àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó jáde ní ọdún 2021 láti ọwọ́ [[Tade Thompson]] . Ó jẹ́ ẹni tó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Philip K. Dick ti ọdún 2022 àti Nommo Award ti ọdún 2022 fún ìwé ìtàn tó dára jùlọ. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Captain Michelle “Shell” Campion wọ ọkọ̀-òfuurufú *Ragtime* fún ìrìn-àjò lọ sí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì Bloodroot, ibi tí àwọn ènìyàn ti dá ibùgbé sí. Ó jí lójú láti rí i pé ètò ọpọlọ àtọwọ́dá (AI) tí ń darí ọkọ̀ náà ti ní àbùkù tàbí ìṣòro, àti pé wọ́n ti pa àwọn èrò ọkọ̀ mọ́kànlélógójì (31), tí wọ́n sì ti gé ara wọn sí wẹ́wẹ́. Àwọn tí wọ́n pa yìí pẹ̀lú Yan Maxwell, ọkùnrin tó lágbára jùlọ ní ti ọrọ̀-ajé ní gbogbo ètò ìṣètò-ìràwọ̀ (Solar System) àti ẹni tó ni ilé-iṣẹ́ ńlá MaxGalactix. Olùwádìí Rasheed Fin wà ní Bloodroot nígbà tí ó gba ìképe ìrànlọ́wọ́ láti ọ̀dọ̀ Campion. Ní Bloodroot, àwọn ènìyàn àti àwọn ẹ̀dá àjèjì tí wọ́n ń pè ní Lambers máa ń gbé pẹ̀lú àlàáfíà. Iṣẹ́ tí Fin ṣe nígbà tó kẹ́yìn kò lọ dáadáa, wọ́n sì pa ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn Lamber tó wà ní ipò gíga. Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé wọ́n ti dá iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ dúró fún ìgbà díẹ̀, wọ́n rán Fin lọ sí ojú-òfuurufú láti wádìí ohun tó ṣẹlẹ̀ sí ọkọ̀ *Ragtime*. Òun àti Salvo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ tí ó sì jẹ́ ẹ̀rọ ọpọlọ àtọwọ́dá (AI), pàdé Campion. Lawrence “Larry” Biz, Gómìnà Ibùdó Òfuurufú ní Èkó, gbọ́ pé Ragtime kò tíì dé sí Bloodroot gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti ṣètò. Larry àti ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ Joké, tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ìdajì Lamber, wọ ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ lọ sí ''Ragtime'' . Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àjálù ló ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lórí ọkọ̀ ojú omi náà, títí bí pípadánù ẹ̀mí àwọn tó wà nínú ọkọ̀ náà, ìdènà ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ pẹ̀lú Bloodroot, àti ìtújáde àwọn ẹranko àti ewéko tí wọ́n ń ṣe àyẹ̀wò tí wọ́n ń kọlu àwọn tó wà nínú ọkọ̀ náà. Shell rí ọkùnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Jeremiah Brisbane nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi náà. Àtúnyẹ̀wò kan fi bí Brisbane ṣe dé sínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi hàn. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Tehani, ẹgbẹ́ àwọn awakùsà. Wọ́n ti ń ṣiṣẹ́ fún MaxGalacticx lábẹ́ ipò búburú, èyí tí ó yọrí sí ikú ní kùtùkùtù nítorí majele. Àwọn Tehani fún Brisbane ní ẹ̀rọ AI kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Carmilla, wọ́n sì rán wọn láti pa Maxwell. Ní ''Ragtime'', Brisbane kojú Maxwell ṣùgbọ́n kò lè pa á pẹ̀lú ìpakúpa ọkàn. Carmilla pa Maxwell àti ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn arìnrìn-àjò mìíràn, lẹ́yìn náà ó pa ''Ragtime'' . Carmilla fẹ́ láti gbé ìròyìn lòdì sí àwọn oníṣòwò sí àwọn agbègbè ìwakùsà mìíràn bíi Tehani. Carmilla jí ọkọ̀ akérò kan, ó sì fipá mú Brisbane wọ ọkọ̀ náà. ''Ragtime'' bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í já lulẹ̀ sínú afẹ́fẹ́ Bloodroot, ó sì pa Larry àti ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn arìnrìn-àjò tí wọ́n ń sùn. Brisbane gbógun ti Carmilla, àwọn ọmọ ogun Bloodroot sì pa á. Carmilla lo ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ Lamber láti fi ìròyìn rẹ̀ hàn kí ó tó pa iṣẹ́ náà. Láti gbẹ̀san ikú Maxwell, àwọn ọkọ̀ ojú omi MaxGalacticx kọlu Ibùdókọ̀ Òfuurufú ní Èkó. Ibudo naa ya oju opo wẹẹbu laarin Eko ati Aye, o fun wọn ni ọpọlọpọ ọdun lati bẹrẹ eto ohun ija ṣaaju ki wọn to tun bẹrẹ olubasọrọ. Campion àti Fin ṣì wà ní Bloodroot. Campion kò lè sá fún ìmọ̀lára ẹ̀bi fún ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ''Ragtime'' . == Àwọn kókó pàtàkì == Nígbà tí Ian Mond ń kọ̀wé fún ''Locus'', ó kọ̀wé nípa ìsopọ̀ láàárín ètò oòrùn Lagos àti MaxGalacticx. Ìwé ìtàn náà ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àwọn èrò Afrofuturist ó sì “ṣàfihàn ọjọ́ iwájú kan níbi tí àwọn ènìyàn dúdú, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn tí wọ́n wá láti Nàìjíríà, ti ń gbèrú ní àwọn ibi òkùnkùn ti ààyè.” Sibẹsibẹ, eyi ṣee ṣe nikan nitori wọn "n ṣiṣẹ fun, tabi o kere ju wọn ko daabo bo, awọn anfani Yan Maxwell". Ní ojú ìwòye Mond, Maxwell jẹ́ “ẹni [[Elon musk|Musk]] ju Bezos lọ”, àti pé lílo Tehani ní ọ̀nà àìtọ́ ni “ìwà ìpakúpa-ẹ̀yà tí ìtàn ìwé ìtàn náà ń yí padà sí”. Nígbà tí Alexis Ong ń kọ̀wé fún Tor.com, ó sọ pé Tehani “jẹ́ olùdúró fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn agbègbè ìbílẹ̀ tí a ń ni lára ní ipò wa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àti àwọn tí yóò fi egungun àti ẹ̀jẹ̀ wọn fún ìgbì ilẹ̀ ayé lọ́jọ́ iwájú.” == Àṣà == Àtúnyẹ̀wò láti ọwọ́ Grant Wythoff nínú ìwé ''ìròyìn Los Angeles Review of Books'' sọ pé ìwé ìtàn Tade Thompson jẹ́ àtúnṣe èrò eré opera space . Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Wythoff ti sọ, eré opera space “ni a sábà máa ń rí gẹ́gẹ́ bí (àti nígbà míì [ó jẹ́]) irú ìwé tí kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ gbajúmọ̀ nínú [ìtàn ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì]”. Àwọn òǹkọ̀wé òde òní nínú ẹ̀yà kékeré yìí “ń ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àbájáde tí ó bá jẹ́ pé wọ́n fi [Ayé] sílẹ̀,” pàápàá jùlọ ní ti ìṣòro ojú ọjọ́ òde òní. Àwọn òǹkọ̀wé bíi Thompson “mọ̀ nípa ogún ẹ̀yà kékeré náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé ìtàn ìfẹ̀sí àwọn aráàlú àti ìṣẹ́gun ológun”. Lílo ẹ̀yà kékeré Thompson yàtọ̀ sí èrò àtijọ́ nípa ìwádìí ààyè tí àwọn ètò ìjọba bíi [[NASA]] ń darí jùlọ. Ìwà Yan Maxwell ni olórí ilé-iṣẹ́ àdáni kan tó gbòòrò sí ojú ọ̀run, èyí tó jọ àwọn àwòrán [[Elon musk|Elon Musk]] àti Jeff Bezos ; ìtàn kúkúrú Robert Heinlein ló tún fún Maxwell níṣìírí. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Nígbà tí Lisa Tuttle ń kọ̀wé fún ''ìwé ìròyìn The Guardian'', ó pe ìwé ìtàn náà ní “ó ṣeé ṣe kí ó jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó dára jùlọ ní ọdún yìí,” ó kọ̀wé pé ó “dà bí Tardis, ó tóbi ní inú ju níta lọ, pẹ̀lú onírúurú èrò, àwọn ohun kikọ àti àwọn ètò ọjọ́ iwájú tó fani mọ́ra”. Àtúnyẹ̀wò kan fún Tor.com sọ pé ìwé ìtàn náà “fúnni ní ojú ìwòye tuntun lórí ìṣàkóso ilẹ̀ ayé àti ti ààyè, ipa ti àṣà onírúurú àti dúdú ní agbègbè kan tí ìjọba aláwọ̀ funfun ti ń ṣàkóso ní ìtàn.” Àtúnyẹ̀wò kan nínú ìwé-ìròyìn Kirkus ṣàpèjúwe ìwé-ìtàn àròsọ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó "múni lọ́kàn mọ́ra, tí ó sì kún fún ìgbóná-janjan bíi ọkàn-àyà tí ń lu, ṣùgbọ́n tí ó nílò àtẹ̀lé-ìwé gidigidi." Àtúnyẹ̀wò náà ṣàkíyèsí pé ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀, ìtàn náà jọ ti àwọn ìtàn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ àràmàdà tí ó wáyé ní yàrá tí a ti ti ilẹ̀kùn (irú èyí tí Agatha Christie máa ń kọ), ṣùgbọ́n òǹkọ̀wé kò fún òǹkàwé ní ​​àwọn àmì tàbí ìtọ́kasí tó péye láti tú àṣírí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà. Dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, ó tú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àṣírí náà síta ní àárín gbùngbùn ìwé náà, èyí tí ó dá ipò "ìdíje líle koko pẹ̀lú àkókò" sílẹ̀. Àtúnyẹ̀wò náà tún tọ́ka sí i pé ìwé náà "kò ní àwọn nǹkan tí ó jẹ mọ́ ìran tàbí àlá tí kò ṣeé fojú rí (hallucinatory) tó bẹ́ẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ṣe rí nínú àkópọ̀ ìwé mẹ́ta Thompson tí à ń pè ní *Wormwood Trilogy*," ṣùgbọ́n àwọn ohun tí ó kọjá agbára ẹ̀dá ènìyàn (supernatural elements) tí ó wáyé ní òpin ìwé náà fi ààyè sílẹ̀ fún ṣíṣe ìwé mìíràn láti tẹ̀lé e. Òǹkọ̀wé Amal El-Mohtar kọ̀wé pé “àwọn orí kúkúrú àti àwọn orí tí ó gùn jẹ́ ti ọ̀nà àti ti kaleidoscopic.” Ó rò pé àṣà náà “máa ń dàrú nígbà míìrán, nígbà míìrán ó máa ń rọ̀” ṣùgbọ́n “Èmi yóò máa ṣọ́ra fún èyíkéyìí nínú àwọn ìkọ́kọ́ tó lè tẹ̀lé e.” Àtúnyẹ̀wò kan nínú ìwé ìròyìn ''Lightspeed Magazine'' gbóríyìn fún agbára Thompson láti so àwọn ohun èlò láti oríṣiríṣi oríṣiríṣi pọ̀, ó sì rí i pé ohùn Shell dùn mọ́ni, ṣùgbọ́n ó ṣe àríwísí ìfihàn apànìyàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “oúnjẹ tí a fi ṣibi jẹ”. Ian Mond ti ''Locus'' sọ pé “Mo nífẹ̀ẹ́ àwọn ohun kikọ Thompson àti ìtàn oníjàgídíjàgan tí ó ń dún láti ìfihàn kan sí òmíràn.” Láìka èyí sí, Mond rí i pé ọ̀rọ̀ àròsọ náà jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ tó ṣe kedere jù, ó sì rò pé “ìparí-sí-ìdádúró-fún-ìparí-fún-ìwé náà jẹ́ kí ìwé náà ní ìtumọ̀ tí kò parí.” Ìwé ìtàn náà ni ó gba ipò ìkẹyìn fún ẹ̀bùn Philip K. Dick ti ọdún 2022 àti ẹ̀bùn Nommo ti ọdún 2022 fún ìwé ìtàn tó dára jùlọ. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] l9x43t5ro6zeq5yvh9re36f4e0bllex 0 84443 637025 2026-09-16T14:11:14Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366463415|The Madhouse (novel)]]" 637025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=The Madhouse|image=File:The Madhouse (novel).jpg|caption=First edition|alt=|authors=[[T. J. Benson]]|title_orig=|translators=|illustrators=|cover_artist=|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=English|series=|release_number=|subjects=|genres=[[Fiction]]|publisher=[[Masobe Books]]|pub_date=5 March 2021|pages=280|awards=|isbn=9781485904694|oclc=|congress=|preceded_by=|followed_by=}}Ìwé ìtàn '''''The Madhouse''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2021 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà TJ Benson. <ref name="SUN">{{Cite news|title=Masobe press unveils 6 new writers|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/masobe-press-unveils-6-new-writers/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|author=Olamide Babatunde|date=9 October 2019|accessdate=8 August 2021}}</ref> <ref name="BRT">{{Cite news|title=TJ Benson's Forthcoming Novel, The Madhouse, Follows a Troubled Family Across Four Decades|url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/10/tj-bensons-forthcoming-novel-the-madhouse-follows-a-troubled-family-across-four-decades/|author=Ibeh|date=16 October 2019|accessdate=8 August 2021}}</ref> "The Madhouse" da lórí ìgbésí ayé àwọn ènìyàn láti agbègbè "Middle Belt" ní Nàìjíríà. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 4g18f3kc48l1mw23jkn2vh9xbnx36rk 0 84444 637026 2026-09-16T14:14:35Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375079784|New York My Village]]" 637026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|image=File:New_York_My_Village.jpg|author=[[Uwem Akpan]]|genre=Novel|publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]|pub_date=November 2021}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ti ọdún 2021 tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà [[Uwem Akpan]] kọ ní '''''ìlú New York My Village''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ti ọdún 2021. Ìtàn yìí dá lórí ìgbésí ayé Ekong Udousoro, olóòtú ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó wá láti ẹ̀yà Annang—èyí tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ẹ̀yà kékeré—nígbà tí ó wá sí ìlú New York lẹ́yìn tí ó gba àǹfààní pàtàkì láti ṣiṣẹ́ lórí iṣẹ́ ìtẹ̀wé kan. Udousoro ń ṣajọ àwọn ìtàn nípa Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà láti ojú-ìwòye àwọn ẹ̀yà kékeré tí wọ́n jìyà ní àkókò ogun náà. Iṣẹ́ tí Udousoro ń ṣe yìí jẹ́ àyíká-ipò fún àwọn ìrírí rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìwà-ẹ̀tanú gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà tí ó ṣí lọ sí Amẹ́ríkà, pàápàá jùlọ ní àwọn ibi tí wọ́n sọ pé wọ́n lòdì sí ìwà-ẹ̀tanú lórí ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀yà. Wọ́n ṣàpèjúwe ìwé náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó ń fi ọgbọ́n àti àwàdà ṣàríwí fún ìwà-ẹ̀tanú lórí ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀yà nínú iṣẹ́ ìtẹ̀wé. Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Òǹkọ̀wé Nàìjíríà ló yan orúkọ rẹ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn [[Chinua Achebe]] fún Lítíréṣọ̀ ní ọdún 2022, wọ́n sì ti yan orúkọ rẹ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà fún Lítíréṣọ̀ ní ọdún 2025 . == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == ''Niu Yoki, Abúlé Mi'' tẹ̀lé Ekong Udousoro, Olóòtú Nàìjíríà kan tó rìnrìn àjò lọ sí New York láti Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ olókìkí kan. Kókó pàtàkì nínú ìbáṣepọ̀ Ekong ni iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tó ń ṣe àkójọ àwọn ìtàn nípa [[Ogun Abele Nigeria|Ogun Biafra]] ( [[Ogun Abele Nigeria|Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà]], 1967 sí 1970). Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ [[Annang|ẹ̀yà Annang]], ẹgbẹ́ kékeré kan tí wọ́n kó láàrín àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ogun ńláńlá, Ekong lo iṣẹ́ náà láti fún àwọn tí a sábà máa ń gbójú fo nínú ìtàn ìjọba ní ohùn. Ìwé ìtàn náà so àwọn ìjàkadì rẹ̀ ní New York pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ìrántí àti ìtàn nípa ìwà ìkà tí ogun náà hù ní ìlú. Láìka ìwé ẹ̀rí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ sí, Ekong dojúkọ ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò tí ó burú jáì àti àwọn ìṣòro ìjọba ní ilé iṣẹ́ aṣojú Amẹ́ríkà ní Nàìjíríà, ó kàn gba ìwé àṣẹ ìrìnà lẹ́yìn tí olóòtú àgbà rẹ̀ ní Amẹ́ríkà dá sí i. Nígbà tí wọ́n dé Manhattan, àwọn ìpèníjà díẹ̀ ló mú kí ìrètí Ekong nípa ìlú New York tó lẹ́wà yípadà. == Àwọn Àkòrí == '''Ìbáradọ́gba ẹ̀yà àti ẹ̀yà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà''' : Ìwé ìtàn yìí fa àwọn ohun tó jọra, ó sì fi ìlànà ìfiwéra múlẹ̀ láàárín ẹ̀yà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà tó yọrí sí [[Ogun Abele Nigeria|Ogun Biafra]] àti ìpínyà ẹ̀yà ní Amẹ́ríkà. Nípasẹ̀ akọni Ekong Udousoro, ìtàn náà jiyàn pé ẹ̀yà àti ẹ̀yà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀nà ìyapa tí a ṣe láti mú kí àwọn ètò agbára aláṣeyọrí wà. Nínú àyíká Amẹ́ríkà, èyí hàn nípasẹ̀ ìṣàròpọ̀ àwọn olóòtú àti ìfipamọ́ ìpalára ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà, níbi tí àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìwé tí àwọn funfun ti ṣàkóso ti sọ àwọn ènìyàn di aláìlágbára di mímọ́. Ní ọ̀nà mìíràn, àwọn àkójọ ìtàn ti [[Ogun Abele Nigeria|Ogun Biafran]] ṣe àfihàn bí ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà Igbo ti ń ni àwọn ènìyàn kékeré lára ní Annang, tí wọ́n sì ń ṣàpẹẹrẹ àwọn ìrírí “ìran Ekong mìíràn” ní Manhattan. Nípa sísopọ̀ àwọn agbègbè méjì yìí pọ̀, Akpan dámọ̀ràn pé “abúlé” náà jẹ́ ìṣọ̀kan ìṣèlú ìdánimọ̀ tí a pín sí méjì, èyí tí ó fihàn pé ẹ̀yà àti ẹ̀yà jẹ́ agbára ìpalára tí ó ń wọ inú àwùjọ bí àwọn kòkòrò inú ilé Ekong. '''Ìṣèlú Ìrántí àti Ìtọ́jú Ìtàn''' : Kókó pàtàkì kan nínú ìwé ìtàn náà ni ''ewu ìtàn kan ṣoṣo'' . Nínú ìwé ìròyìn Andrew & Thompson, Ekong ń jà láti fi àwọn èrò díẹ̀ nípa ogun Biafra kún un , ó sì ń pe àwọn òṣèré ìwé àti ìtàn bíi ''[[Half of a Yellow Sun]]'' ti Adichie, ''There Was a Country'' ti Achebe àti ''The Road to the Country'' ti Obioma tí ó ń pa ìyà àwọn ẹ̀yà kéékèèké run. Sibẹsibẹ, ṣiṣe àkóso ìtàn kìí ṣe ìṣòro ìtẹ̀wé Amẹ́ríkà nìkan; ó tún jẹ́ ti Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú. Ìwé ìtàn náà tọ́ka sí bí àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ẹ̀yà Igbo tó pọ̀ jùlọ ṣe máa ń pe àwọn ẹ̀yà kéékèèké bíi [[Annang|àwọn ènìyàn Annang]] ní “àwọn ajẹ́jẹ̀ẹ́” tàbí àwọn ọ̀dàlẹ̀. Ẹgbẹ́ ẹ̀yà yìí ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹnu ọ̀nà kejì, níbi tí àwọn ohùn ẹ̀yà tó gbajúmọ̀ ń gbìyànjú láti pa àwọn ìrántí ìtàn tó lè mú kí wọ́n máa hùwà ìkà sí ara wọn. Fún Ekong, ìtàn rẹ̀ tó ń kọ àwọn ènìyàn kéékèèké tí wọ́n ń ni lára nígbà ogun jẹ́ ohun èlò tó gbéṣẹ́ láti fi dẹ́kun àwọn ìlẹ̀kùn wọ̀nyí. '''Àríwísí Ilé Iṣẹ́ Ìtẹ̀wé''' : Nípasẹ̀ àwàdà acerbic, ''New York, My Village'' fi àìsí onírúurú gidi hàn nínú ìtẹ̀wé, ó fi hàn bí àṣà ilé-iṣẹ́ tó jí pépé ṣe lè jẹ́ àdánidá àti olùfẹ́ àwọn ènìyàn. Ìtàn tuntun náà kò jẹ́ kí iṣẹ́ ilé iṣẹ́ náà tẹ̀síwájú. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé Andrew & Thompson fún Ekong ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú onírúurú ènìyàn, ó tètè mọ̀ pé òun jẹ́ àmì kan nítorí pé àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ sábà máa ń fi inú rere tó ga hàn sí i, ṣùgbọ́n ìbòjú yìí máa ń yọ́ nígbàkúgbà tí ó bá dojúkọ èrò wọn nípa Áfíríkà. Ìwé ìtàn náà tún tẹnu mọ́ àṣeyọrí àṣà àwọn funfun tó ń sọ ìtàn di “ohun tó ṣeé tà” bí àwọn olóòtú ṣe ń gbìyànjú láti sọ àkójọ ìwé Ekong nípa Ogun Biafra di mímọ́. Molly Simmons, Olóòtú Àgbà fún ìwé Andrew & Thompson, jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn òṣèré tó díjú jùlọ ní ilé ìtẹ̀wé tó ń ṣojú fún onírúurú ìforígbárí inú àwọn alábàáṣiṣẹpọ̀ náà. Ìwà rẹ̀ jẹ́ àríwísí nípa bí àwọn èrò tó dára jùlọ pàápàá ṣe lè jẹ́ ìfẹ́ baba. '''Ìdámọ̀, Ìbànújẹ́, àti Ìrírí Àṣàyàn''' : Ní ''ìlú New York, My Village'', ìkọlù kòkòrò ní Hell's Kitchen, New York, ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì alágbára fún àárẹ̀ ara àti ti ọkàn tí ó wà nínú ìrírí àwọn àlejò, níbi tí ìpalára “ilé” (Ogun Biafra) ti farahàn pẹ̀lú ìkórìíra “olùgbàlejò” (Manhattan). Fún Ekong, ìkọlù kòkòrò náà mú kí ó wọ inú ipò ìṣọ́ra tí ó máa ń wà títí láé tí ó jọ ìṣọ́ ẹ̀yà tí ó sá lọ sí Nàìjíríà. Ìrírí yíyí tí ó ń tàn kálẹ̀ fi hàn pé ẹ̀tanú ni ẹ̀tanú jẹ́ nítorí pé bí àwọn kòkòrò ṣe wà níbi gbogbo, bẹ́ẹ̀ náà ni ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà ara àwọn oníṣòwò ìwé àti ẹ̀yà tí ó ń dẹ́kun ní Nàìjíríà ṣe ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbára tí ó ń dúró pẹ́, tí ó sì ń mú kí ènìyàn rẹ̀wẹ̀sì. '''Ìwòsàn àti Ìsopọ̀ Ènìyàn''' : Nínú ìwé ìtàn náà, ìwòsàn bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní tòótọ́ nígbà tí Ekong bá àwọn aládùúgbò rẹ̀ láti àwọn ará Latino, àwọn ará Áfíríkà Amẹ́ríkà, àti àwọn ará Éṣíà ṣe àjọṣepọ̀, tí gbogbo wọn ń jìyà àìbìkítà kan náà àti àwọn kòkòrò tí ń jẹ. Àárẹ̀ tí wọ́n ní nígbà kan rí wó odi ìdámọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè àti ìṣọ̀kan ẹ̀yà-ènìyàn lulẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn gbẹ́yín. Ìpinnu ìwé ìtàn náà fihàn pé ìsopọ̀ ènìyàn nìkan ni oògùn apakòkòrò àti ìdènà àkóràn tó lágbára tó láti pa àwọn èèmọ̀ ẹ̀tanú ní Amẹ́ríkà àti ní Nàìjíríà. Bákan náà, ''ní ìlú New York, My Village'' tẹnu mọ́ bí ìtàn tó gbéṣẹ́ tí ìtàn Ekong fi hàn ṣe ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí afárá láàárín ìpalára ìtàn rẹ̀ àti ìwòsàn òde òní. Fún Ekong, ìṣe ìtọ́jú àti àtúnṣe àwọn ìtàn àwọn ènìyàn kéékèèké nípa Ogun Biafra jẹ́ ìgbésẹ̀ àtúnṣe tó lágbára, àkójọ ìwé àdúgbò kan tó ń pe ọ̀nà tí àwọn ènìyàn gbà ń fi àwọn ohùn ìkọ̀wé Igbo tó gbajúmọ̀ ṣe ìrántí ogun náà ní ẹnu ọ̀nà. == Àṣẹ tí a ti ṣe àkóso rẹ̀ == === Gbigbawọle pataki === ''Oprah Daily'' ṣàpèjúwe ''New York, My Village'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwé ogún tó dára jùlọ ní ọdún 2021 tó sọ pé ìwé ìtàn náà: “ó mú kí iṣẹ́ títẹ̀wé ìwé tó ṣe pàtàkì fún ara ẹni dùn,” nígbà tó tún sọ pé ìwé àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ ti Akpan “jẹ́ ohun tó ń pani lẹ́rìn-ín, ó sì péye.” Nípa ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà nínú ìtẹ̀wé, Jo Hamya ti ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The New York Times]]'' kọ̀wé pé “Àyẹ̀wò Akpan lórí ilé iṣẹ́ ìtẹ̀wé kò ṣiṣẹ́ fún ìtìlẹ́yìn, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àwọn ọ̀nà tí ìtàn ṣe pàtàkì nínú dídá àwọn ẹgbẹ́ àṣà sílẹ̀.” ''Ní ìlú New York, My Village'' ṣe àṣeyọrí nínú ṣíṣe àkíyèsí tó ṣọ̀wọ́n pé ìdánimọ̀ kò wà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí a ti pinnu tẹ́lẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹlòmíràn, nítorí náà ó ń yípadà nígbà gbogbo. <ref name="b063">{{Cite news|title=From a Small Nigerian Tribe to a Big American Publishing House|date=2 November 2021|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/02/books/review/new-york-my-village-uwem-akpan.html|access-date=26 March 2026}}</ref> Sylva Nze Ifedigbo ti ''Àtúnyẹ̀wò Lagos'' sọ pe iwe itan naa “mu ohun afikun wa si tabili ijiroro ogun abele nipa ririn irin ajo ti ko gba si ọna ti o han, ti o tan imọlẹ si awọn iriri awọn ẹya kekere ni Biafra ati fifi si iwaju, fun igba akọkọ, o kere ju fun oluka yii, ogun ẹya ti o sanra ti o ti pari ni akoko yii, awọn iranti eyiti bi ogun funrararẹ, tun wa nibẹ ati eyiti yoo tẹsiwaju lati ṣe apẹrẹ awọn agbara alaafia ni orilẹ-ede naa, ni ọdun aadọta lẹhin ogun naa.” {{R|a725}} Ainehi Edoro ti *Brittle Paper* sọ nipa iwe naa pe, "Awọn itan ti ijọba n gbe kalẹ maa n ṣapejuwe ogun naa gẹgẹbi ija nla laarin orilẹ-ede Biafra ti a ṣẹṣẹ da silẹ ati Naijiria; ti a ba si wo eyi lati oju-ọna ẹya, o jọ ija laarin awọn Igbo ni apa kan, ati awọn Hausa pẹlu Yoruba ni apa keji. ... Iṣẹ Apkan yatọ patapata nitori bi o ṣe n ṣalaye awọn iriri awọn ọmọ-ọmọ awọn ti wọn la ogun naa kọja, bi wọn ṣe n koju awọn ipa ọpọlọ ti o ti wa lati igba naa, ati bi wọn ṣe n koju awọn ọrọ ti a ko sọ tabi awọn itan ti o tako ara wọn nipa ogun naa. Nitori bi o ṣe n koju awọn ọrọ wọnyi ti o si n ṣafihan apa miiran ti Ogun Biafra, iwe *New York, My Village* ba iwe *Half of a Yellow Sun* ti Adichie ati *There Was a Country* ti Chinua Achebe mu ni ọna ti o tayọ." == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn == * Àwọn tí a ti yàn fún ẹ̀bùn CORA àti NLNG ti ọdún 2025 ti pẹ́. <ref name="h678">{{Cite news|title=NLNG and CORA celebrate longlisted writers for 2025 Prize|date=9 August 2025|url=https://thesun.ng/nlng-and-cora-celebrate-longlisted-writers-for-2025-prize/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=26 March 2026}}</ref> * Àwọn tí a yàn láti yan fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé kíkà Chinua Achebe ti ọdún 2022. * Àwọn tí a ti yàn fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé kíkà ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà fún ọdún 2025 ti pẹ́. <ref name="u879">{{Cite news|title=Fine Dreams, An Unusual Grief, New York My Village, eight others in $100,000 Nigeria Prize For Literature race|date=26 July 2025|url=https://guardian.ng/art/fine-dreams-an-unusual-grief-new-york-my-village-eight-others-in-100000-nigeria-prize-for-literature-race/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=26 March 2026}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] e78sdyq859iy586mumdsf0dilxvfl5v 0 84445 637027 2026-09-16T14:17:40Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355616783|Remote Control (novella)]]" 637027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=[[Nnedi Okorafor]]|language=English|image=Remote Control (Okorafor novel).jpg|caption=First edition|cover_artist=Greg Ruth|country=Nigeria|genre=Science fiction, [[Africanfuturism]]|publisher=[[Tor books]]|pub_date=January 19, 2021}}'''Remote Control''' Ó jẹ́ ìtàn kúkúrú oní-ìtàn-àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti ọdún 2021, tí Nnedi Okorafor, ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Amẹ́ríkà, kọ. Èyí ni ìtàn kúkúrú àkọ́kọ́ tí Okorafor kọ lẹ́yìn àwọn ìwé mẹ́ta tí ó pè ní *Binti Trilogy*, ó sì wáyé nínú àgbáyé kan náà pẹ̀lú àwọn ìwé rẹ̀ mìíràn bíi Ta ni ó ń bẹ̀rù ikú? àti Ìwé Phoenix. Ó jẹ́ ẹni tí ó gba ipò ìkẹyìn fún àwọn ẹ̀bùn Goodreads Choice Awards ti ọdún 2021 fún ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó dára jùlọ àti àwọn ẹ̀bùn Locus . == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ní Ghana, Sankofa ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìnlá máa ń rìn ìrìn àjò lẹ́sẹ̀, lẹ́yìn náà ni kọ̀lọ̀kọ̀lọ̀ rẹ̀ Movenpick máa ń tẹ̀lé e. Ó pe ara rẹ̀ sí àpèjẹ Kérésìmesì tí àwọn àlejò ṣe. Ó dà bíi pé gbogbo àwọn àgbàlagbà náà ń bẹ̀rù rẹ̀, nígbà tí Edgar ọmọ ọdún mẹ́wàá sì ní ìfẹ́ sí àwọn ìtàn àròsọ àdúgbò tí ó yí i ká. Sankofa fi agbára "ìṣàkóso latọna jijin" rẹ̀ hàn, nínú èyí tí ó ti ń tàn pẹ̀lú ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé. Ọlọ́nà kan gbìyànjú láti pa Sankofa, ṣùgbọ́n ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé rẹ̀ bolẹ̀, ó sì pa á. Ní ìrántí kan, Fatima ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rin jókòó sí orí igi shea nígbà tí òjò ńlá kan ń rọ̀. Ohun aláwọ̀ ewé kan tó ń tàn yanran kan lu ilẹ̀ ní ìsàlẹ̀ igi náà. Ní ọdún tó tẹ̀lé e, àpótí kan yóò jáde láti ibi kan náà; irúgbìn kan náà ló wà nínú àpótí náà. Òṣèlú kan san owó púpọ̀ fún ìdílé Fatima fún àpótí àti irúgbìn náà. Lẹ́yìn náà ni wọ́n jí olóṣèlú náà, wọ́n sì kó àwọn ohun ìní rẹ̀. Nígbà tí Fatima pé ọmọ ọdún méje, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí nímọ̀lára ibà lẹ́ẹ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan. Láàárín àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí, ìrora máa ń mú kí ó máa tàn ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé. Nígbà tí wọ́n ń kọjá lójú ọ̀nà, ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ kan gbá Fatima ní ìdí. Ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé ń bẹ́ jáde láti ọ̀dọ̀ rẹ̀, ó sì ń pa gbogbo àwọn tó wà ní àyíká rẹ̀. Àwọn tí wọ́n pa lára ni àbúrò rẹ̀, àwọn òbí rẹ̀ méjèèjì, àti gbogbo àwọn ènìyàn ìlú rẹ̀. Lẹ́yìn èyí, Fatima gba orúkọ náà Sankofa. Sankofa rí i pé òun lè mọ bí irúgbìn náà ṣe wà, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í rìn lọ sí ibi tí ó wà. Ó yára gbọ́ pé òun kò lè gun ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́; ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ èyíkéyìí tí ó bá fọwọ́ kàn kò ní ṣiṣẹ́ mọ́. Ọkùnrin kan kọlu Sankofa; ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé rẹ̀ pa á. Ọ̀rọ̀ nípa agbára eléwu rẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í tàn kálẹ̀ níwájú rẹ̀. Láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ tó tẹ̀lé e, Sankofa lépa irúgbìn náà ní àríwá Ghana. Irugbin naa n gbera nigbagbogbo o si dabi pe o wa ni igbesẹ kan niwaju rẹ nigbagbogbo. Níkẹyìn, ó rí olè náà, ẹni tó fi hàn pé ó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ pàdánù irúgbìn náà. Sankofa pa á, ó sì ṣèlérí láti dẹ́kun títẹ̀lé irúgbìn náà; ó gbàgbọ́ pé òun ló fa ikú ìdílé rẹ̀. Sankofa pàdé obìnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Alhaja, ẹni tí ó ni ilé-ìtajà àwọn ohun èlò oníná-mọ̀nàmọ́ná. Sankofa lé àwọn ọ̀daràn kan sá pẹ̀lú ìtànṣán ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé tí ó ní; lẹ́yìn náà, ó lọ máa gbé pẹ̀lú Alhaja. Ní ọjà agbègbè náà, ó rí àpótí rẹ̀. Ní àìròtẹ́lẹ̀, Sankofa ba ẹ̀rọ ọlọ́pàá kan jẹ́, èyí sì yọrí sí ikú ọmọdé kan tí ọkọ̀ kọlu tí ó sì kú. Àwọn ènìyàn tí inú wọn bí bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í sọ òkúta mọ́ ọn; ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé náà sì tú jáde láìsí pé ó ní lọ́kàn láti ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀, ó sì pa ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ nínú àwọn ènìyàn náà pẹ̀lú Alhaja. Sankofa wá sá kúrò ní ìlú náà. Ní ìkan ṣoṣo nínú aginjù, Sankofa gbìyànjú láti pa irúgbìn náà run; ó kùnà. Lẹ́yìn tí ó ti lo oṣù mélòókan ní ìgbésí ayé ìṣẹ̀dá, wọ́n rí i níbi tí bọ́ọ̀sì kan ti kún fún àwọn ènìyàn. Sankofa bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í rìn lẹ́ẹ̀kan sí i. Ìtàn náà padà sí orí àkọ́kọ́. Sankofa ń bá ìrìn àjò rẹ̀ lọ, ó padà sí ìlú ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ lẹ́yìn ọdún mẹ́fà. Ó gbọ́ pé ìlú náà ti di ibi tí àwọn ènìyàn ti pọ̀ sí i, àti pé ilé-iṣẹ́ LifeGen ti gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ilé náà. Ó sin irúgbìn rẹ̀ sí ìsàlẹ̀ igi shea níbi tí ó ti kọ́kọ́ rí i. Sankofa jí láti rí i pé ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ igi shea ní ìlú náà ń tàn pẹ̀lú ìmọ́lẹ̀ aláwọ̀ ewé rẹ̀. Sankofa gba iṣakoso ina naa, o si mu ki o tan imọlẹ siwaju ati siwaju. == Ilana kikọ == Okorafor kọ ìwé náà nígbà [[Àjàkáyé-àrùn èrànkòrónà ọdún 2019-2020|àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19]], ó sì sọ nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò kan pé ìdènà ìrìn àjò nítorí àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn náà mú kí òun gbájú mọ́ kíkọ àti ṣíṣe àtúnṣe ìwé náà. Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó wà nínú ìwé náà wáyé ṣáájú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó wà nínú ''Ìwé Phoenix'' àti ''Who Fears Death'' . == Àwọn Àkòrí == Wọ́n ti ṣe àkíyèsí ìwé náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtàn ìgbà tí ó ń bọ̀, ó ń ṣàwárí àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ìdánìkanwà, ìbànújẹ́, àti ohun tí ó túmọ̀ sí láti jẹ́ ẹni tí ó wà ní ipò kan. <ref>{{Cite web|url=Gabino Iglesias}}</ref> Ìwé náà jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ọjọ́ iwájú àwọn ará Áfíríkà . == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Nígbà tí Jason Heller ń kọ̀wé fún ''NPR'', ó ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìtàn àkójọpọ̀, ìgbóná díẹ̀díẹ̀ tí ó ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìtara ìmọ̀lára bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ìgbékalẹ̀ ayé Okorafor bẹ́ sílẹ̀ sí ohun ńlá kan tí ó gbòòrò.” Nígbà tí Layal Liverpool ń kọ̀wé fún ''New Scientist'', ó sọ pé " ''Remote Control'' jẹ́ ohun ìyanu àti ohun ìyanu ní gbogbo ọ̀nà." Síbẹ̀, Samantha Nelson ti ''The AV Club'' sọ pé “Sankofa jẹ́ ẹni tó fani mọ́ra, àmọ́ ẹni tí ìtàn rẹ̀ kò lágbára tó láti di mímọ̀ ní ayé wa.” == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] r5u3vccy2qgszobyckyvmns5si9jbsx 0 84446 637028 2026-09-16T14:18:32Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342565180|Sankofa (novel)]]" 637028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Sankofa''''' jẹ aramada awujọ 2021 nipasẹ aramada ara ilu Naijiria [[Chibundu Onuzo]] . ''Sankofa'' jẹ iwe-kikọ kẹta ti Onuzo. Virago ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní UK ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2021, <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.virago.co.uk/titles/chibundu-onuzo/sankofa/9780349013121/|title=Sankofa by Chibundu Onuzo|date=June 3, 2021}}</ref>, ìwé ''[[The Guardian|ìròyìn The Guardian]]'' sì tún ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìwé tuntun tó ṣàwárí ìyàtọ̀ àti jíjẹ́ ẹni tí ó ní agbára tó lágbára,” <ref>{{Cite news|url=Michael Donkor|title=Sankofa by Chibundu Onuzo review – a journey into heritage|first=Michael|last=Donkor|date=June 19, 2021}}</ref> lẹ́yìn náà Catapult tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde nínú ìwé ìròyìn US àti Narrative Landscape ní Nàìjíríà. Wọ́n ṣe àfihàn ìwé tí a lè gbọ́ (audiobook), èyí tí òṣèré obìnrin ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Jamaica, Sara Powell, kà, ní oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2021.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.audible.com/pd/Sankofa-Audiobook/B09DZ4XP8B|title=Sankofa|language=en}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2023, ìwé náà ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 3.86 lórí Goodreads. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} ef80f8knmy9e6qxxzwhwr2drh3ltrnh 0 84447 637029 2026-09-16T14:19:22Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1295458465|Seesaw (Ogene novel)]]" 637029 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Seesaw''''' ni ìwé ìtàn kejì tí Timothy Ogene kọ. Swift Press tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ìlú London ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021, <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=27 October 2021}}</ref>, wọ́n sì tún ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ nínú ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The Guardian]]'', <ref name="theguardian">{{Cite web|url=Helon Habila}}</ref> ''The Times'', <ref>{{Cite news|title=Seesaw by Timothy Ogene review — taking pot shots at the prose poseurs|url=https://www.thetimes.com/culture/books/article/seesaw-by-timothy-ogene-review-7w09dhdpj|date=19 November 2021|archivedate=17 April 2022}}</ref> ''Unherd'', <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=6 March 2022}}</ref> ''Isele Magazine'', àti Writers Mosaic. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=23 January 2022}}</ref> Àwọn àkójọpọ̀ ìwé náà fara hàn nínú ''Granta'' <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=28 May 2022}}</ref> àti ''The Johannesburg Review of Books'' . <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=22 May 2022}}</ref> A lè kà á sí ìwé ìtàn tó dá lórí ìrìn-àjò lójú ọ̀nà tí ó ti di àpẹẹrẹ pàtàkì, tí ó sì tún jẹ́ iṣẹ́ ìwé tó ń fi àwọn àléébù àwùjọ ṣe yẹ̀yẹ́; ohùn olùtàn-ìtàn kan tí a kò lè fi gbogbo ọkàn gbẹ́kẹ̀lé ń ṣàpèjúwe àṣà àti òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀mọ̀wé akẹ́kọ̀ọ́-jinlẹ̀ ọmọ Nàìjíríà kan tí ó wá sí ìlú Boston ṣe rí wọn. <ref name="theguardian" /> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|30em}} bz604764393nblsoaqum6pvrvylkuqw 0 84448 637030 2026-09-16T14:35:46Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753920|The Sweetest Remedy]]" 637030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=[[Jane Igharo]]|isbn=978-0-593-10196-4|pub_date=September 28, 2021|genre=Fiction|language=[[English language|English]]|image=File:The_Sweetest_Remedy.jpg}}Ìwé ìtàn ìfẹ́ tí Jane Igharo kọ ni '''''The Smedy tó dùn jùlọ''''' . Ó jẹ́ òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn àròsọ ọmọ orílẹ̀- [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|èdè Nàìjíríà]] tí a mọ̀ jùlọ fún ìwé àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ''tí a pè ní Ties That Tether'' . Ìtàn ìwé náà dá lórí Hannah Bailey, obìnrin kan tí ń wá ọ̀nà láti ní ìsopọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìtàn àti àṣà ìdílé rẹ̀, ẹni tí ó rin ìrìn-àjò lọ sí Nàìjíríà fún ayẹyẹ ìsìnkú bàbá rẹ̀ tí wọ́n ti ya ara wọn sọ́tọ̀ fún ìgbà pípẹ́.. <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Sweetest Remedy|location=New York}}</ref> == Àkótán == Hannah Bailey lo ọpọlọpọ igba aye re lai mọ baba Naijiria, ọkunrin kan ti o ni ibalopọ fun igba diẹ pẹlu iya funfun rẹ. Nígbà tí bàbá rẹ̀ kú, ó pinnu láti wá ìdáhùn nípa bàbá rẹ̀ nípa gbígbà ìkésíni sí ìsìnkú rẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà. Ó pàdé ìdílé rẹ̀, tí wọ́n ní ìdáhùn onírúurú lórí èyí. Bí ọjọ́ ìsìnkú náà ṣe ń súnmọ́, ó ń ṣàwárí nípa àṣà àti àṣà rẹ̀, ó sì ń rí ara rẹ̀ ní ìmọ́lẹ̀ tuntun bí ọkùnrin kan ṣe ń wá láti gba ọkàn rẹ̀. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} fr6di1dc0e4rfawxe5tymjx88miimic 0 84449 637031 2026-09-16T14:37:20Z ToluT15 33915 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372009388|Face-me-I-face-you]]" 637031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}'''"Face-me-I-face-you" (tabi "Face-to-face") jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ tí a fi ń pe irú ilé kan pàtó ní Nàìjíríà, níbi tí àwọn yàrá kan tàbí méjì tí wọ́n wà fún gbígbé ti ní ẹnu-ọ̀nà tí ó kọjú sí ara wọn lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ọ̀nà ẹlẹ́sẹ̀; ọ̀nà yìí sì máa ń lọ sí ẹnu-ọ̀nà pàtàkì ilé náà.''' Àwọn ilé ìgbé tí a pè ní "Ojú mi-ì-ojú-ìwò" jẹ́ àṣà ìkọ́lé tí ó wọ́pọ̀ ní àwọn ibùgbé pàtàkì ní ìlú Nàìjíríà; àwọn ilé gbígbé náà jẹ́ ilé tí ó ní owó oṣù díẹ̀, wọ́n sì sábà máa ń yá wọn fún àwọn olùgbé tí owó wọn kò pọ̀ nítorí pé owó wọn kò wọ́n. == Àpèjúwe == Nínú irú ètò ilé-kíkọ́ yìí, àwọn olùgbé tí ń gbé nínú àgbàlá kan (èyí tí ó túmọ̀ sí àkópọ̀ àwọn yàrá tàbí ilé tí ó wà ní àgbègbè kan náà) sábà máa ń lo ilé-ìgbọ̀nsẹ̀, yàrá-ìwẹ̀, àti ibi-ìsè-oúnjẹ kan náà papọ̀. A máa ń pe irú àwọn yàrá-ìwẹ̀ àti ibi-ìsè-oúnjẹ tí a ń lò pọ̀ yìí ní "ilé-ìwẹ̀ tàbí ilé-ìgbọ̀nsẹ̀ àpapọ̀".[1][2] Ìwé-ìròyìn Washington Post ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ pé ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn olùgbé ìlú Èkó ló ń gbé nínú irú àwọn ilé tí a mọ̀ sí "face-me-I-face-you" (ilé tí àwọn yàrá rẹ̀ kọjú sí ara wọn).[3] Àwọn ilé àtìpó (tí a tún ń pè ní face-me-I-face-you) ti wà fún ìgbà pípẹ́, bóyá láti ìgbà tí àwọn ará Áfíríkà ti kúrò ní kíkọ́ àwọn ilé kékeré. Ní àkọ́kọ́, àwọn ilé náà yóò gba àwọn ìdílé ńlá pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìyàwó àti ọmọ, bí àkókò sì ti ń lọ, nígbà tí àwọn ọmọ wọ̀nyẹn dàgbà tí wọ́n sì ń wá pápá oko tí ó dára sí i ní àwọn ibòmíràn, àwọn yàrá náà ṣófo. Láti pa ìrẹ̀wẹ̀sì run, Onílé (baba ilé) pinnu láti mú àwọn ènìyàn mìíràn tí wọ́n nílò ilé wá, ní pàṣípààrọ̀ fún owó ilé (ìyálé) tí a ń san lóṣooṣù. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2020-02-29}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == ef3c0ec1uq8pknbhm7w1b67l64losm5 0 84450 637032 2026-09-16T14:37:23Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361567130|Harry Sylvester Bird]]" 637032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=Chinelo Okparanta|isbn=0-358-61727-8|pub_date=July 12, 2022|name=Harry Sylvester Bird|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Fiction|publisher=Mariner Books|image=File:Harry_Sylvester_Bird.jpg}} Ìwé ìtàn '''''Harry Sylvester Bird''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2022 láti ọwọ́ Chinelo Okparanta . Ìtàn náà ni a gbé kalẹ̀ lọ́jọ́ iwájú, ó sì ṣe àlàyé lórí ẹ̀yà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà. Ìwé náà tẹ̀lé Harry, ẹni tí ó fi ìlú ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ láti kó lọ sí ìlú New York, tí ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Maryam, ẹni tí ó wá láti [[Nàìjíríà|orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà]] . <ref>{{Cite book|title=Harry Sylvester Bird}}</ref> Àwọn ohun tí ìwé náà lò ní àwọn ìtàn àròsọ, ìfẹ́, àti ìtàn àròsọ, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2016 tí ó sì parí ní ọdún 2026. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>Ìwé *Harry Sylvester Bird* tẹ̀lé ìtàn Harry, bí ó ṣe ń la àkókò ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ já ní àyíká tí ó kún fún ìkórìíra sí àwọn aláwọ̀-dúdú àti àlejò ní ìlú rẹ̀, Edward, ní Pennsylvania; àyíká yìí sì tún kún fún àìdánilójú nípa ọ̀rọ̀-ajé, èyí tí ó hàn gbangba nínú ìgbésí-ayé àwọn òbí rẹ̀, Wayne àti Chevy. Nítorí ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ láti sá fún irú ipò tí ó ń ni ènìyàn lára ​​yìí, Harry kó lọ sí ìlú New York, ní wíwá ibi tí yóò ti lè jẹ́ òun gan-an láìsí ìdènà. Nínú ìlú New York tí ó kún fún ìgbòkègbodò àti ìdàrúdàpọ̀, Harry rí ìfẹ́ àti ìtùnú lọ́dọ̀ Maryam, obìnrin ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìṣòro bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní wọlé sí àjọṣe wọn bí Maryam ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní yà sọ́tọ̀, èyí sì mú kí Harry bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò ẹni tí òun jẹ́ gan-an àti àwọn ipa ti àwùjọ tí ó ti ṣe àpẹ́rú irú ẹni tí òun ti di. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title='Harry Sylvester Bird' Is a Satire of Antiracist Art|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/12/books/review/chinelo-okparanta-harry-sylvester-bird.html|access-date=2024-05-12}}</ref> Harry, ọkùnrin funfun kan tí ó ní ìgbàgbọ́ tó jinlẹ̀ pé wọ́n fi ẹ̀wọ̀n ṣẹ̀wọ̀n nítorí ẹ̀yà tí kò tọ́, tí ó sì ń fẹ́ láti di dúdú. Chinelo Okparanta ṣe àpèjúwe tó wúni lórí nípa Harry, kìí ṣe pé ó ń ṣe àwárí ìtàn àròsọ tó ń darí ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ nìkan, ó tún ń ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò ìtàn àròsọ tó ń mú wọn ṣiṣẹ́. Ìwé ìtàn náà gbé àwọn ìpele ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà kúrò, ó tú àṣírí wíwà rẹ̀ nínú ìgbésí ayé Harry, ó sì tún ṣàyẹ̀wò àìlera àwùjọ tó jìnlẹ̀ tó wà lábẹ́ ìfẹ́ rẹ̀ fún ìyípadà ẹ̀yà. Ìtàn náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àwòrán ẹlẹ́yà nípa ìgbà èwe Harry tó ní ìṣòro, tí a fi àìbìkítà òbí àti ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà hàn. Níbi tí wọ́n ti ń ṣe ibi ìsinmi safari kan ní Zanzibar, níbi tí ìdílé Harry ti ń gbìyànjú láti gbé ìgbésí ayé àlá àṣejù, ìṣòro tó wà nínú ìdílé náà hàn gbangba. Bí ìtàn náà ṣe ń lọ sí agbègbè kan tí ó ń tiraka ní Philadelphia, ìṣubú ọrọ̀ ajé, ó ń ṣàfihàn àwọn wàhálà àwùjọ tí ó gbòòrò ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà tí ó pín sí méjì ní ìṣèlú tí ó wà ní etí bèbè ìrúkèrúdò ìlú. Èrò rẹ̀ nípa dúdú tí ó ní ìfẹ́ di àfihàn agbára àti ẹ̀tọ́ tí kò tọ́, tí ó ń ṣàfihàn agbára àjùlọ funfun. <ref name=":0" /> == Àwọn Òṣèré == * '''Harry Sylvester Bird''' : Olórin náà, ọkùnrin funfun kan tó gbàgbọ́ pé òun jẹ́ dúdú, ó sì ń gbìyànjú láti mọ ẹni tí òun jẹ́ àti ohun tí òun fẹ́. * '''Àwọn Òbí Harry (Wayne àti Chevy)''' : Wayne, baba Harry, jẹ́ ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n ìwé tí ó ní ìjákulẹ̀, tí àwọn èrò ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà rẹ̀ ń darí ìyípadà ìdílé. Chevy, ìyá Harry, ń ní ìṣòro pẹ̀lú àwọn ìṣòro tirẹ̀, ó sì ń fi àìbalẹ̀ hàn sí Harry. * '''Maryam''' : Obìnrin ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan tí Harry pàdé tí ó sì fẹ́ràn ní ìlú New York. Àjọṣepọ̀ wọn fi agbára mú kí Harry dojúkọ ìdámọ̀ àti ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀. * '''Àwọn Ohun Èlò Tí Ó Ń Ṣe Àtìlẹ́yìn (Àwọn Olùgbé Ìlú, Àwọn Agbègbè Ìlú New York)''' : Oríṣiríṣi ohun Èlò tí Harry rí jálẹ̀ ìtàn náà, títí kan àwọn olùgbé Edward, Pennsylvania, àti àwọn ènìyàn ní Ìlú New York. Wọ́n ń ṣe àfikún sí ìwádìí àwọn ìdààmú àwùjọ àti ìyípadà ẹ̀yà. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Okparanta|first1=Chinelo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=89U3EAAAQBAJ|title=Harry Sylvester Bird|date=2022-07-12|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-358-62232-1|language=en}}</ref> == Àwọn Àkòrí == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> * '''Àkòrí Ìdámọ̀''' : Ohun tó wà nínú ìtàn náà ni àkòrí ìdámọ̀, pàápàá jùlọ ìjàkadì Harry pẹ̀lú ìdámọ̀ ẹ̀yà tirẹ̀. Ó ń kojú ìmọ̀lára ìdènà nínú ara tí kò tọ́, ó sì ń fẹ́ láti di dúdú, èyí tí ó ń yọrí sí ìwádìí jíjinlẹ̀ nípa àwọn ìṣòro ìdámọ̀ ẹ̀yà àti wíwá ara ẹni. * '''Kókó ẹ̀kọ́ nípa ẹ̀yà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà àti Ẹ̀tanú''' : Ìwé ìtàn yìí dá lórí bí ẹ̀yà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà àti ẹ̀tanú ṣe ń hàn gbangba, ó sì ń ṣàyẹ̀wò bí ó ṣe ń hàn gbangba ní ọ̀nà tó ṣe kedere àti lọ́nà tó rọrùn. Láti inú ìrírí Harry nípa ìfiwéra ẹ̀yà àti ìkórìíra ní ìlú ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ sí ìwà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà àti ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ fún ìyípadà ẹ̀yà, ìtàn náà dojúkọ àwọn ipa búburú ti ìwà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà lórí àwọn ènìyàn àti àwùjọ. * '''Kókó ìfẹ́ ọkàn àti ìfẹ́ ọkàn''' : Ìfẹ́ ọkàn Harry láti di dúdú jẹ́ lẹ́ǹsì kan tí ìwé ìtàn náà fi ń ṣe àwárí àwọn kókó ìfẹ́ ọkàn àti ìfẹ́ ọkàn. Ìfaramọ́ rẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ẹ̀yà fi àìní ààbò àti àníyàn tó jinlẹ̀ hàn, èyí tó ń yọrí sí ìyípadà ìparun ti ìfẹ́ ọkàn ara ẹni àti ìfowópamọ́. * '''Àkòrí Àìlera Ìdílé''' : Ìyípadà àìlera láàrín ìdílé Harry, tí a fi àìbìkítà òbí hàn, ìsọ̀rọ̀ burúkú, àti ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà hàn, tẹnu mọ́ kókó àìlera ìdílé. Àwọn ìbáṣepọ̀ wọ̀nyí ló ń ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ojú ìwòye Harry nípa ayé, wọ́n sì ń ṣe àfikún sí ìwà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà àti ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ láti sá àsálà. * '''Àkòrí ìfẹ́ àti Ìbátan''' : Ìwé ìtàn náà tún ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìfẹ́ àti ìbátan, pàápàá jùlọ ìbátan ìfẹ́ Harry pẹ̀lú Maria. Àjọṣepọ̀ wọn mú kí Harry dojúkọ ìdámọ̀ àti ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀, ó sì ń pè é níjà láti mú kí ìmọ̀lára rẹ̀ bá àwọn ohun tí àwùjọ ń retí àti àṣà mu. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} g46fzn02mfrmcablnegze4wabkhups9 0 84451 637033 2026-09-16T14:39:24Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359889322|Jackdaw (novel)]]" 637033 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Jackdaw''' j''ẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ oní-ẹ̀rù láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Nàìjíríà, Tade Thompson. Ilé-iṣẹ́ Cheerio Publishing ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2022. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == "Jackdaw" jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ kan tí ó ní ìtumọ̀ tó jinlẹ̀ nípa iṣẹ́ ìkọ̀wé fúnra rẹ̀ (metafiction); ẹni tí ó kọ ọ́ jẹ́ ẹ̀dá-ìtàn kan tí ó dúró fún òǹkọ̀wé náà gan-an, ẹni tí ó gba iṣẹ́ láti kọ ìwé kan tí ó dá lórí iṣẹ́ olùyàwòrán ọmọ ilẹ̀ Ireland kan tí a ń pè ní Francis Bacon. Nígbà tí ó ń ṣe iṣẹ́ yìí, Thompson—ẹni tí ó ń gbìyànjú láti lóye èrò inú olùyàwòrán náà nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò ọpọlọ rẹ̀—kọ́kọ́ ní ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ líle koko sí Henrietta Moraes, ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn obìnrin tí ó máa ń dúró gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe fún Bacon; ó ní àwọn ìrírí tó bani lẹ́rù pẹ̀lú ẹ̀mí obìnrin tí ó máa ń tọ́jú àwọn ọmọ Bacon; ó wá ọ̀nà láti tu ara rẹ̀ lára ​​nípa ṣíṣe àwọn ìgbìyànjú ìbálòpọ̀ tó yàtọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ obìnrin kan tí ó jẹ́ ògbógi nínú ṣíṣe àkóso lórí alábàáṣepọ̀ nígbà ìbálòpọ̀ (dominatrix); ó sì tún ní àwọn ìrírí ìpòdàpọ̀ ọpọlọ tí ó ń fa ìdààmú. Thompson, gẹ́gẹ́ bí òǹkọ̀wé náà fúnra rẹ̀, jẹ́ òṣìṣẹ́ ní ẹ̀ka ìtọ́jú ìlera ọpọlọ àti òǹkọ̀wé ìtàn àròsọ nípa ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì (science fiction), ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ tàbí ìtara rẹ̀ yìí sì ní ipa lórí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ àti ìgbésí ayé ẹbí rẹ̀. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó ń gbìyànjú láti fi hàn pé ohun gbogbo wà ní déédéé fún àǹfààní ẹbí rẹ̀, ère àjèjì kan tí a fi ẹran-ara ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní farahàn tí ó sì ń dàgbà sí i ní yàrá ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ rẹ̀ tí ó wà ní òkè ilé; ère yìí sì ń fi ipò ọpọlọ rẹ̀ tí ó ń bàjẹ́ lọ àti bí ipa Bacon ṣe ń darí rẹ̀ hàn. Nígbà tí Thompson ní ìṣòro pátápátá, tó sì fi ara rẹ̀ sí ilé ìwòsàn ọpọlọ, wọ́n rí i pé ìfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀ ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìpalára iwájú iṣan ara, èyí tí àwọn dókítà fi dá a lójú pé ó ṣeé wòsàn. == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == Nígbà tí Thompson ń kọ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ náà, ó ní: " Ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì mú mi dé Bacon. H.Giger ló ṣe àwòrán àwọn xenomorph nínú Alien, ẹni tó gba ìmísí láti inú àwòrán Bacon kan." Thompson ṣàlàyé nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò pé olórí ìtàn ''Jackdaw'' kì í ṣe òun fúnra rẹ̀, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé orúkọ kan náà ni wọ́n ní, aṣojú kan náà, iṣẹ́ kan náà àti ipò ìdílé kan náà. Ó ní: “Orúkọ náà jẹ́ ìkọ̀sẹ̀. Mo máa ń rán ara mi létí pé ọkùnrin yìí kì í ṣe èmi, nítorí náà kò sí ọlá láti di mú.” <ref name=":0" /> Àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ inú ìwé náà ni: Ìṣe ìsìn àwọn ará Yorùbá; “àwọn ìlà tí kò dọ́gba láàárín ìṣẹ̀dá àti ìwà wèrè,” àti “ìwọ̀n ààlà láàárín iṣẹ́ ọnà àti ayàwòrán, ẹni tí a ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa rẹ̀ àti ohun tí a ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa rẹ̀.” <ref name=":2" /> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Jackdaw'' wà lára àwọn tó ti wà nínú àkójọpọ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn ìtàn sáyẹ́ǹsì ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ti ọdún 2022 nínú ẹ̀ka ìtàn tó dára jùlọ Lisa Tuttle, tó ń kọ̀wé fún ''[[The Guardian|ìwé ìròyìn The Guardian]] ,'' ṣàpèjúwe ''Jackdaw'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí: “Àlá burúkú, àwàdà aláwàdà tí ó wà ní ààlà iṣẹ́ ọnà, ìrònú àti ìwà wèrè.” <ref>{{Cite news|title=The best recent science fiction and fantasy – reviews roundup|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2022/oct/07/the-best-recent-science-fiction-and-fantasy-reviews-roundup|access-date=2024-09-22}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} nl9whxolge7igm11sfx6by017ymokzh 0 84452 637034 2026-09-16T14:42:01Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354754819|Onyeka and the Academy of the Sun]]" 637034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|country=Nigeria}}Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì onípele àárín ọdún 2022 ni '''''Onyeka and the Academy of the Sun''''', tí òǹkọ̀wé, oníròyìn àti olùkọ́ ìtọ́jú irun ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì-Nàìjíríà, Tọ́lá Okogwu, kọ. Ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ tí Okogwu kọ nìyí, ó sì mú kí àwọn òǹkàwé mọ Onyeka, ọmọbìnrin ará Britain-Nigeria kan tí ó ṣàwárí pé irun rẹ̀ ní agbára ìdènà ọpọlọ, ó sì lọ sí ilé ìwé gíga kan ní [[Nàìjíríà]] níbi tí a ti kọ́ àwọn ènìyàn bíi tirẹ̀ láti gba orílẹ̀-èdè náà là. == Ìdàgbàsókè == Tọlá Okogwu kó láti Nàìjíríà lọ sí Orílẹ̀-èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, ó sì ti máa ń fẹ́ láti kọ ìwé kan tí ó dá lórí orílẹ̀-èdè náà. Ó rí ìwúrí fún ìwé ìtàn àròsọ yìí lẹ́yìn tó ronú nípa àwọn ọmọbìnrin ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà àti àwọn aláwọ̀ dúdú tí wọ́n ti kọ́ láti máa kórìíra irun wọn ti àdánidá; ó sì ronú nípa bí irun tí wọ́n kà sí àléébù ṣe lè di ohun tó fún wọn ní agbára tó ga jùlọ. Ìwé ìtàn náà jẹ́ èyí tí ó wá láti inú ayé Marvel àti àwọn fíìmù ìtàn àròsọ sáyẹ́ǹsì tí ó dàgbà nígbà tí ó ń wò pẹ̀lú àwọn òbí rẹ̀. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Àwọn olùṣàyẹ̀wò ìwé àti àwọn òǹkàwé gbà ìwé náà ní ìtẹwọ́gbà rere. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwé ìtàn onípele àárín gbùngbùn tí a ń retí jùlọ ní ọdún 2022 láti ọwọ́ Book Riot, The Nerdist, àti ''Àwọn Olùtẹ̀wé Ọ̀sọ̀ọ̀sẹ̀ .'' <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|language=en}}</ref> Nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò kan tí ''Kirkus Reviews'' ṣe, wọ́n gbóríyìn fún ìwé ìtàn náà, wọ́n sì pè é ní "àdàpọ̀ ìgbádùn ìrìn àjò, ọkàn, àti ìfẹ́-ọkàn àwọn ará Áfíríkà . <ref name=":2" /> Ìwé ìròyìn ''The Guardian'' kọ̀wé nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ pé ó jẹ́ "àròsọ àròsọ oníṣẹ́dá tí ó yára, tí ó kún fún àyíká fún àwọn òǹkàwé tí wọ́n wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́jọ sí i, tí a fi àwọn kókó pàtàkì nípa ìdámọ̀ àti jíjẹ́ ara wọn hun." " ''Publishers Weekly'' gbóríyìn fún ìkọ̀wé Okogwu pé "[I] Okogwu ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ayé Nàìjíríà lọ́nà tó ṣe kedere, ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ àti ìwádìí nípa ìbáṣepọ̀ ọkàn pẹ̀lú ìbáṣepọ̀ ọmọdé pẹ̀lú irun rẹ̀, èyí tó mú kí ó jẹ́ ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ eré X-Men tó dùn mọ́ni." == Ìbámu == ''Onyeka àti The Academy of the Sun'' wà ní ìgbéjáde ní Westbrook Studios àti Yoruba Saxon fún [[Netflix]] . Tólá Okogwu, Heather Washington àti [[Jessica oyelowo|Jessica Oyelowo]] ni yóò ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ fíìmù náà, pẹ̀lú [[Will Smith]], Jon Mone àti [[David Oyelowo]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbéjáde. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|}} ln5bd8n4vsuu3djmmx7xopr0nsaprza 0 84453 637035 2026-09-16T14:42:51Z ToluT15 33915 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366941687|Great Mosque of Porto-Novo]]" 637035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox religious building|image=Grande mosquee porto-novo.jpg|location=[[Porto-Novo]], [[Ouémé Department|Ouémé]], [[Benin]]|website=}}'''Mossalassi nla ti Porto-Novo''' ( {{Langx|fr|Grande Mosquee de Porto-Novo}} [[Mọ́ṣálásí|Mossalassi]] ni [[Porto-Novo]], [[Apá Ouémé|Ẹka Ouémé]], [[Benin]] . == Ìtàn == Wọ́n bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní kọ́ másálítí náà ní ọdún 1912, wọ́n sì parí rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1925 nígbà tí ilẹ̀ náà wà lábẹ́ ìṣàkóso àwọn Faransé ní Dahomey. Láìpẹ́ yìí, ìjọba ìlú Porto-Novo sọ ọ́ di ibi ìrántí ìtàn.[1] == Ìṣe-ilé-kíkọ́ == Wọ́n kọ́ mọ́ṣáláṣí oníṣe àwòrán ilẹ̀ Afro-Brazil bíi ilé ìjọsìn pẹ̀lú gbọ̀ngàn gígùn àti òrùlé tí kò jinlẹ̀. A fi àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ òdòdó, ewébẹ̀ àti stucco tí a fi ìyẹ̀fun ṣe ọ̀ṣọ́ sí iwájú iwájú. <templatestyles src="Stack/styles.css" /> * Ẹ̀sìn ní Benin * Àkójọ àwọn mọ́sálásí ní Benin == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} pt1nhd86m7hks10ddroimnyi7tyjpl9 0 84454 637036 2026-09-16T14:43:27Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359451591|A Quiet Teacher]]" 637036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=A Quiet Teacher|image=File:A_Quiet_Teacher.jpg|caption=|author=[[Adam Oyebanji]]|cover_artist=|country=|language=English|publisher=[[Severn House]]|pub_date=2022|pages=224 ''(first edition)''|awards=|isbn=978-1-4483-0942-9}} Ìwé ìtàn amóhùnmáwòrán '''''kan''''' tí Severn House ṣe àtẹ̀jáde rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2022, tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Scotland àti Nàìjíríà [[Adam Oyebanji|, Adam Oyebanji,]] kọ. Ìwé ìtàn kejì Oyebanji àti ìwé ìtàn àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ tó dá lórí ìwà ọ̀daràn, ìtàn náà dá lórí Greg Abimbola, amí àtijọ́ kan tó ń ṣe iṣẹ́ olùkọ́ ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga. == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == Adam Oyebanji, ẹni tí a bí ní Scotland, ń ṣiṣẹ́ lórí ọ̀rọ̀ dídènà ìṣúnná-owó fún àwọn oníjàgidijagan lẹ́yìn tó parí ẹ̀kọ́ ní Yunifásítì Birmingham àti Ilé-ìwé Ofin Harvard. Ní oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 2022, ó ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ìwé ìtàn àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ *Braking Day*, èyí tí ó jẹ́ ìtàn àròsọ nípa ìmọ̀-ìjìnlẹ̀ àti ọjọ́-iwájú (science fiction). Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2022, Severn House gba ẹ̀tọ́ sí ''A Quiet Teacher'' tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2022. == Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ àti gbígbàlejò == Ìwé ìtàn náà wà nínú ìwé ọgọ́rùn tí wọ́n kọ ní ọdún 2022 láti ọwọ́ ''Brittle Paper'' . ''Ìwé ìròyìn Publishers Weekly'' parí èrò sí pé “Oyebanji fi àlàyé sí àwọn ọ̀ràn àwùjọ àti ìṣèlú ní ọ̀nà tí ó rọrùn.” Ní ṣíṣàkíyèsí pé “àwọn òǹkàwé yóò máa retí ohun ìjìnlẹ̀ rẹ̀ tí ó tẹ̀lé e” nígbà tí ''Kirkus Reviews'' parí èrò sí pé “akọni Oyebanji jẹ́ ohun tí ó díjú, ó sì dájú pé yóò mú kí àwọn òǹkàwé báni kẹ́dùn.” == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} hhcx6nv4q9715p6uiqdtsla41qwqz6u 0 84455 637037 2026-09-16T14:44:44Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359233442|Someday, Maybe]]" 637037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Someday, Maybe|image=File:Someday,_Maybe.jpg|caption=|alt=|author=[[Onyi Nwabineli]]|title_orig=|working_title=|translator=|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=Nigeria|language=English|series=|release_number=|subject=|genre=fiction|publisher=[[Magpie Books]]|publisher2=|pub_date=November 1, 2022|pages=|awards=|isbn=978-0-86154-351-9|oclc=|congress=|preceded_by=|followed_by=}} '''''Lọ́jọ́ kan, Maybe''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2022 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ọmọ Nàìjíríà Onyi Nwabineli . Wọ́n tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2022 ní United Kingdom láti ọwọ́ Magpie Books, àmì ìtẹ̀jáde Oneworld, àti láti ọwọ́ Graydon House ní Amẹ́ríkà. Ó tẹ̀lé Eve Ezenwa-Morrow, obìnrin ará Nàìjíríà kan tí ó wà nínú ìgbéyàwó ẹ̀yà méjì tí ó ń gbìyànjú láti kojú ìbànújẹ́, ìbànújẹ́ àti ìpara ara ẹni lẹ́yìn ikú ọkọ rẹ̀. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ìwé ìtàn náà gba àfiyèsí rere. Wọn yan an gẹgẹbi ọkan ninu awọn iwe marun-un ti eto 'Good Morning America' yan, Nwabineli si wa farahan lori eto naa nigba ti o ya. Àtúnyẹ̀wò láti ''ọ̀dọ̀ Kirkus Reviews'' sọ pé “àkọ́kọ́ eré Nwabineli jẹ́ ohun tó wúni lórí, ó jẹ́ onínúure, àti, ní ìlòdì sí gbogbo ohun tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀, ó máa ń múni rẹ́rìn-ín.” <ref>{{Cite book|language=en}}</ref> Ìwé ìròyìn ''Publishers Weekly'' nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò kan tó gbajúmọ̀ sọ pé “Àwọn ìfihàn ìmọ̀lára tòótọ́ àti ìtàn tó ṣe kedere yóò jẹ́ kí àwọn òǹkàwé máa yí ojú ìwé náà padà.” ” == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 301hupitffea1stjz1ygwva89a7rxba 0 84456 637038 2026-09-16T14:46:04Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351930001|Tomorrow I Become a Woman]]" 637038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|image=File:Tomorrow_I_Become_a_Woman.png|author=[[Aiwanose Odafen]]|publisher=[[Simon & Schuster|Scribner UK]]|pub_date=April 28, 2022|isbn=978-1-398-50613-8}}   '''''Ọ̀la''''' ni ìwé àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà [[Aiwanose Odafen]] kọ, tí Scribner UK tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2022, àmì Simon &amp;amp; Schuster sì wà lára rẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.simonandschuster.co.uk/books/Tomorrow-I-Become-a-Woman/Aiwanose-Odafen/9781398506145|title=Tomorrow I Become a Woman}}</ref> Ní ìdàrúdàpọ̀ ìṣèlú Nàìjíríà láti ìparí ọdún 1970 sí ọdún 1990, ìwé ìtàn náà tẹ̀lé ìgbésí ayé Obianuju (Uju) bí ó ti ń jà pẹ̀lú àwọn ìfojúsùn tó lágbára nípa àwùjọ àti àṣà tí a gbé ka orí àwọn obìnrin Nàìjíríà, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbéyàwó, jíjẹ́ ìyá, àti àwọn ìdènà ti ipò baba ńlá . Ti a gbe kalẹ lori awọn itan gidi ti awọn obinrin ti onkọwe mọ, iwe itan yii ṣe ayẹwo lati oju-iwoye ẹtọ ati ipo awọn obinrin nipa awọn ọrọ bii iwa-ipa ninu ile, agbara ifarada awọn obinrin, ati agbara ti ko ni opin ti o wa ninu ọrẹ. Wọ́n ti kà á sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwé ìtàn ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní ọdún 2022. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà, ní ọdún 1978. Olùkọ́ni pàtàkì Obianuju "Uju" jẹ́ ọ̀dọ́mọdé akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ètò ọrọ̀ ajé ní Yunifásítì ti Èkó . Láìka ìfẹ́-ọkàn rẹ̀ sí ẹ̀kọ́, ìfẹ́-ọkàn ìyá rẹ̀ fún un láti di obìnrin nípasẹ̀ ìgbéyàwó pẹ̀lú ọkùnrin tí ó jẹ́ ẹni ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ní ipa lórí Uju gidigidi. Ó pàdé Chigozie "Gozie" ní ilé ìjọsìn; ó jẹ́ ọkùnrin oníwà-bí-ẹlẹ́wà àti arẹwà ará [[Àwọn ọmọ Ígbò|Igbo]], ẹni tí ìyá rẹ̀ fọwọ́ sí. Uju yára gba àdéhùn ìgbéyàwó rẹ̀, ó ń retí láti gba ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ìyá rẹ̀ láìsí ìfarahàn, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó ní ìmọ̀lára fún Akin, olùkọ́ kan tí ìtàn [[Ìran Yorùbá|Yorùbá]] àti ìtàn ìdílé rẹ̀ láti [[Ogun Abele Nigeria|Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà]] mú kí ìdílé rẹ̀ má gbà á. Ìgbéyàwó Uju àti Gozie yára yípadà láti inú ìtàn àròsọ sí àjọṣepọ̀ tó le koko àti tó ń bani nínú jẹ́. Bí Uju ṣe ń fi ẹ̀kọ́ àti ìfẹ́ ọkàn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ láti tẹ̀lé àwọn ohun tí ìyàwó ń retí, ọkọ rẹ̀ ń fi ìyà jẹ ẹ́ nípa ti ara àti ọ̀rọ̀ ẹnu. Ìyá rẹ̀ àti àwọn ènìyàn mìíràn láwùjọ ń fún un ní ìkìlọ̀ láti fara da ìfìyàjẹni náà kí ó sì gbájúmọ́ láti jẹ́ kí ilé rẹ̀ wà papọ̀. Ní gbogbo ìtàn ìjọba ológun àti àìdúróṣinṣin ìṣèlú ní Nàìjíríà (tí ó kan ìjọba [[Shehu Shagari|Shagari]], [[Muhammadu Buhari|Buhari]], [[Ibrahim Babangida|Babangida]], [[Sani Abacha|Abacha]], àti Abubakar), ìtàn náà ṣàlàyé ìjàkadì Uju láti rí ohùn àti ìdámọ̀ ara rẹ̀ nínú àṣà kan tí ó ń béèrè fún ìtẹríba rẹ̀ nígbà gbogbo. Ó rí agbára àti ìṣọ̀kan nínú ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Adaugo àti Chinelo, àwọn tí wọ́n tún ń kojú àwọn ìpèníjà ti ìfúnpá àwùjọ, ìgbéyàwó láàárín àwọn ẹ̀yà, àti ìrètí láti bí ọmọkùnrin. Ìtàn náà tọ́ka sí ìrìn àjò Uju ti wíwá ara rẹ̀ bí ó ṣe jà padà sí ìyípadà ìwà ìkà láti gba òmìnira rẹ̀ padà. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> 91jhqxruk62cuv2xgql8ufhuapzyav9 0 84457 637039 2026-09-16T14:47:03Z ToluT15 33915 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363755579|Holy Cross Cathedral, Lagos]]" 637039 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Holy_Cross_Cathedral_Lagos_-_Nigeria.jpg|thumb]] '''Kàtídírà Àgbélébùú Mímọ́''' jẹ́ kàtídírà [[Ìjọ Kátólìkì|Kátólíìkì ti Róòmù]] tí ó wà ní [[Èkó|ìlú Èkó]], [[Nàìjíríà]], ó sì jẹ́ ibùjókòó Archdiocese ti Èkó . Ilé tí wọ́n kọ́ ní àṣà Gothic ni wọ́n kọ́ ní ọdún 1939, nígbà tí wọ́n ṣì ń ṣàkóso agbègbè náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìjọ àwọn aposteli, nítorí náà wọ́n gbé e ga sí ipò ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì ní ọdún 1950. == Ìtàn == [[File:Exterior_of_the_Cathedral_in_Lagos.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Outside_of_Holy_Cross_Catholic_Cathedral_Marina_Lagos-Nigeria.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Façades_of_Holy_Cross_showing_three_entrances.jpg|thumb]] Wọ́n ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ilé ìjọsìn cathedral àkọ́kọ́ (tí a kà sí "pro-cathedral") ní ọdún 1881; àwọn oníṣẹ́-ọwọ́ tó mọ iṣẹ́ òkúta àti àwọn ayàwòrán ilé, Lazarus Borges da Silva àti Francisco Nobre, ló kọ́ ọ. Lẹ́yìn ikú Bishop Ferdinand Terrien ní ọdún 1929, nínú ilé ìjọsìn àkọ́kọ́ yìí ni Bishop Thomas Brodericks—ẹni tí ó jẹ́ aṣojú Pope (apostolic vicar) ní apá Ìwọ̀-Oòrùn Nàìjíríà—ti ya àwọn àlùfáà ọmọ Yorùbá mẹ́ta àkọ́kọ́ sí mímọ́; àwọn náà ni olóògbé Monsignor Lawrence Layode, Julius Onih, àti Stephen Adewuyi.[1] Ní àkókò àwọn ọdún 1930, wọ́n nílò ilé ìjọsìn cathedral tó tóbi jù bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ, wọ́n sì wó èyí àtijọ́ náà lulẹ̀. Ilé ìjọsìn tí ó wà níbẹ̀ báyìí—tí a kọ́ ní ọ̀nà ìgbàkọ́lé ti "French Gothic"—ní òkúta ìpìlẹ̀ rẹ̀ tí Bishop Francis O'Rourke gbé kalẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 1934, wọ́n sì parí iṣẹ́ kíkọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1939.[2][3][4] Àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ pàtàkì nínú ìtàn ìjọ ni: 1. SJ Sawyer 2. [[Lourenzo Antonio Cardoso]] 3. Lazaro Borges da Silva 4. Francisco Nobre 5. JFD Branco 6. Walter P. Siffre 7. Albert Carrena 8. [[David Evaristo Akerele|Dáfídì Evaristo Akerele]] 9. JT Munis 10. PF Gomes Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kẹrin ọdún 1950, wọ́n gbé àwọn aṣojú ìjọ ní ìlú Èkó ga sí archdiocese ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ìwé àṣẹ póòpù tí àkọlé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Laeto accepimus'', tí [[Pópù Pius 12k|Póòpù Pius XII]] gbé kalẹ̀. Aṣòfin tuntun tí wọ́n gbé kalẹ̀ ní ilé ìjọsìn ni Alfred Adewale Martins, ẹni tí ó ti wà ní ipò láti ọdún 2012. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2012/08/04/most-rev-martins-installed-as-archbishop-of-lagos/|title=Most Rev. Martins installed as Archbishop of Lagos|date=4 August 2012|access-date=23 October 2015}}</ref> Nígbà tí ó fi máa di ìparí ọdún 2016, archbishop ka 3,274,000 tí wọ́n ti ṣe ìrìbọmi láti inú gbogbo ènìyàn tí ó jẹ́ 12,276,000, èyí tí ó jẹ́ 26.7% ti gbogbo ènìyàn. == Ìtẹ̀lé-ara-ẹni àwọn olùṣọ́-àgùntàn == * Francesco Borghero (1861 – 1865) * Pierre Bouche (1867 – 1871) * Jean-Baptiste Chausse, SMA (12 May 1891 – 30 January 1894, ó ti kú) * Paul Pellet, SMA (15 Oṣù Kínní 1895 – 1902, ó fi ipò rẹ̀ sílẹ̀) * Joseph-Antoine Lang, SMA (19 Keje 1902 – 2 Oṣù Kínní 1912, ó ti kú) * Ferdinand Terrien, SMA (1 Oṣù Kẹta 1912 – 3 Oṣù Kẹjọ 1929, ó ti kú) * Francis O'Rourke, SMA (31 Oṣù Kẹta 1930 – 28 Oṣù Kẹ̀wàá 1938, ó ti kú) * Leo Hale Taylor, SMA (13 Okudu 1939 – 27 Oṣu Kẹwa 1965, o ku) * John Kwao Amuzu Aggey (6 Keje 1965 – 13 March 1972, Oloogbe) * [[Anthony Olubunmi Okogie]] (13 Oṣù Kẹrin 1973 – 25 Oṣù Karùnún 2012, ó ti fẹ̀yìntì) * [[Alfred Adewale Martins]], (25 May 2012 – lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́) == Àwòrán ibi ìkópamọ́ == <gallery> File:View_of_ceiling.jpg|alt=View of the cathedral ceiling| Ìwò ti àga ilé ìṣọ́ra File:Façades_of_Holy_Cross_showing_three_entrances.jpg|alt=Façades of Holy Cross showing the three entrances| Àwọn ojú ọ̀nà àgbélébùú mímọ́ tí ó ń fi àwọn ẹnu ọ̀nà mẹ́ta hàn File:Exterior_of_the_Cathedral_in_Lagos.jpg|alt=View of the cathedral exterior| Ìwòran ìta ilé ìṣọ́ra </gallery> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Àyọkà pẹ̀lú ìjúwe ṣókí]] ocm9en688qpkjbqlztwbac0ecqe6w1s 0 84458 637040 2026-09-16T14:48:58Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370030590|Wahala (novel)]]" 637040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|country=|website=}}Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ '''''ti Wahala''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ti ọdún 2022 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ará Nàìjíríà Nikki May . Ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀, Custom House ló kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì HarperCollins ní ọdún 2022. Ìwé àkọ́kọ́ May dá lórí ìbáṣepọ̀ àwọn obìnrin mẹ́ta tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Nàìjíríà, èyí tí obìnrin kan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Rọ́ṣíà àti Nàìjíríà wá ń halẹ̀ mọ́.<ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":0" /> == Ìdàgbàsókè == May sọ pé òun rí ìwúrí fún ìwé ìtàn àròsọ náà lẹ́yìn tí òun jẹun ọ̀sán ní ilé-oúnjẹ àwọn ọmọ Nàìjíríà kan ní London; nígbà tí òun sì ń gun ọkọ̀ ojú-irin padà sílé, ó ronú nípa bí òun ṣe yí padà láti jẹ́ ọmọ Nàìjíríà bí ó ṣe wà nígbà tí ó ń jẹun náà sí obìnrin ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|archivedate=6 March 2022}}</ref> Ìforígbárí tó wà láàárín àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Nàìjíríà àti ti Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ló mú kí ó kọ àwọn apá àkọ́kọ́ ìwé náà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú irin. <ref name=":7" /> Ó parí kíkọ ìwé ìtàn náà lẹ́yìn oṣù méjìdínlógún, àkọlé ìwé ìtàn náà, ''Wahala'', túmọ̀ sí “ìṣòro” ní èdè Pidgin ti Nàìjíríà . Ìwé náà dá lórí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi ẹ̀yà-ṣíṣe-àìdọ́gba, ìyàtọ̀ láàrin ọkùnrin àti obìnrin, àti ọ̀rọ̀ nípa ẹni tí ènìyàn jẹ́ gan-an; gbogbo èyí sì dá lórí ìrírí ara ẹni ti May nígbà tó kó láti Nàìjíríà lọ sí London gẹ́gẹ́ bí obìnrin tí ó ní ẹ̀yà méjì nínú ara rẹ̀. Ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2021, oṣù mẹ́fà kí ó tó di pé wọ́n tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde, BBC yàn láti yí i padà sí eré tẹlifíṣọ̀n. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == [[Lọndọnu|Ronke]], Simi àti Boo jẹ́ ọ̀rẹ́ tí wọ́n pàdé ní yunifásítì ní [[Bristol]] ní ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún sẹ́yìn; wọ́n jẹ́ ẹ̀yà méjì, wọ́n sì ní ìyá Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti baba wọn ní Nàìjíríà. Ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ wọn ti bàjẹ́ nígbà tí Isobel, ọ̀rẹ́ Simi nígbà èwe àti ọmọbìnrin ọlọ́rọ̀ àti olókìkí, tẹnumọ́ pé òun ni olórí gbogbo ìjíròrò; ó mọ àṣírí tí àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ mẹ́tẹ̀ẹ̀ta náà ń fi pamọ́ fún ara wọn. == Àwọn Òṣèré == * '''Ronke''' — Eyín onísègùn tó jẹ́ àpọ́n lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, tó sì ń wá ọkọ ọmọ Nàìjíríà. * '''Simi''' — Oníṣòwò aṣọ tí ọkọ rẹ̀ fẹ́ ọmọ tí kò tíì ṣetán fún. Ó ní àrùn afàwọ̀rajà. * '''Boo''' — Onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ìwádìí àti ìyàwó ilé kan tó ń jìjàkadì pẹ̀lú ìwà ẹlẹ́yàmẹ̀yà tó wà nínú ara rẹ̀, nítorí pé baba rẹ̀ tó bí i ti fi ìyá rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ kí wọ́n tó bí i. Ó ń tọ́jú ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀, Sofia, pẹ̀lú ọkọ rẹ̀, Didier, nígbà tí ó ń wá ìgbádùn púpọ̀ sí i ní ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀. * '''Isobel Babangari''' — Ọ̀rẹ́ Simi ọlọ́rọ̀ àti olókìkí nígbà èwe rẹ̀ tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ba ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ ọlọ́rọ̀ jẹ́. * '''Kayode''' — Ronke ká Nigerian omokunrin. * '''Martin''' — Ọkọ Simi * '''Didier''' — Ọkọ Boo ti ilẹ̀ Faransé * '''Sofia''' — ọmọbìnrin Didier àti Boo == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Àwọn olùṣàyẹ̀wò ìwé àti àwọn òǹkàwé gbà ìwé náà ní ìtẹwọ́gbà rere. Àtúnyẹ̀wò kan láti ọ̀dọ̀ ''Kirkus Reviews'' tó gbajúmọ̀ pe ìwé ìtàn náà ní “ìwòye tó fani mọ́ra nípa apá òkùnkùn ti ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ obìnrin”. Àtúnyẹ̀wò mìíràn láti ọwọ́ NPR sọ pé “ ''Wahala'' jẹ́ ẹni tó gbádùn gan-an, ó sì gbọ́n gan-an ní bí ó ṣe gbé àwọn ọ̀ràn pàtàkì kan kalẹ̀ nínú ìgbésí ayé ìlú òde òní.” Àtúnyẹ̀wò kan láti ọ̀dọ̀ ''Publishers Weekly'' sọ pé “Ìwádìí tó jinlẹ̀ ti May nípa ẹ̀yà àti abo mú kí èyí jẹ́ kí ó dùn mọ́ni.” " Nikki May gba ẹ̀bùn ohùn tuntun fún àwọn obìnrin apanilẹ́rìn-ín nínú ìwé ìròyìn ''Wahala'' . <ref>{{Cite web|location=London}}</ref> == Ìyípadà == Ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2021, wọ́n kéde pé BBC ti yan ìtàn àròsọ náà fún eré tẹlifíṣọ̀n kan, pẹ̀lú Theresa Ikoko, ẹni tí a mọ̀ fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú ''Rocks'', tí ó kọ ìtàn àròsọ náà. Firebird Pictures ni yoo ṣe agbejade ''Wahala'', pẹlu oludasile rẹ Elizabeth Kilgarriff, gẹgẹbi olupilẹṣẹ agba pẹlu Mona Qureshi. BBC Studios tun gba ẹ̀tọ́ láti pín àwọn eré náà káàkiri àgbáyé. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 6jaglaqhtuz9tu76z63g3uvy8cr9xge 0 84459 637041 2026-09-16T14:49:23Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1316863007|Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog]]" 637041 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní "bulldog" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ " brachycephalic" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé " Un-Docked" . {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} bxfk5fuzaifmgp3643peofrgklt6io8 637043 637041 2026-09-16T14:49:52Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní "bulldog" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ " brachycephalic" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé " Un-Docked" . {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} 68l06vduo5d2wv0m0mbea57n9p6jnq5 637046 637043 2026-09-16T14:53:42Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà ajá [[Dog breed|breed]] tí wọ́n ń pè ní "bulldog" [[Bulldog type|bulldog]] láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé un[[Docking (animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} 1ydgrn1kt8gcff6jo4l9unhnoav9bp0 637048 637046 2026-09-16T14:55:09Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[Dog breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[Bulldog type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé un[[Docking (animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} 464ac7l5apyhlg15fwmxr9g0kiq1bqk 637050 637048 2026-09-16T14:56:31Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[Dog breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[Bulldog type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[un-Docking (animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} 0fc90v8u0fo3u66w8tqltusyq3k58nk 637051 637050 2026-09-16T14:58:11Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[:en:Dog_breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[:en:Bulldog_type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[:en:Guard_dog|guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[:en:Brachycephalic|brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[:en:Docking_(animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[:en:Sexual_dimorphism|Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} g8x93v5axngbcga55qpvpkdanid3qt1 637052 637051 2026-09-16T15:11:31Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[:en:Dog_breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[:en:Bulldog_type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[:en:Guard_dog|guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[:en:Brachycephalic|brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[:en:Docking_(animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[:en:Sexual_dimorphism|Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} ==Ìtàn == Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog jẹ́ ẹ̀yà irúfé ajá kan tí ó ṣọ̀wọ́n tí wọ́n sì gbàgbó wipe ni ìran Ajáa [[Old English Bulldog]]s tí wọ́n mú wá sí orílẹ̀ èdè America ni àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún ni. Wọn lò wọ́n nínú àwọn eré eléjè [[blood sport]] títí dídẹ́bà màálù [[bull baiting]] áti dídẹ́bà ẹranko bear, [[bear baiting]] ní ìgbà kan; lẹ́yìn ìgbà náà ni àwọn adaranjè ń lò wọn.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} Fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún, irúfé ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí ni àwọn ìdílé Lane ti [[Rebecca, Georgia]] sìn. Wọn padà bèrè ètò ìpèsè ẹ̀yà ajá pẹ̀lú ìforúkọsílẹ pẹ̀lú ajá kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jé Otto, lèyí tí ó di Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìdílé na gẹ́gẹ́bi ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbísí ajá. Orúkọ ajá Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ òun ni wón má ń lọ ní àwọn ìgbà míràn gẹ́gẹ́bi ìnagije ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìfojúdá àwọn ajá Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldogs òun ni ó wà ní nkan bi ọgọ́fà (120) sí àádọ́jọ (150) .{{r|Fogle|Morris}} 7twh3hln6spf8t2wcykc4e975ib0xaa 637053 637052 2026-09-16T15:12:08Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìtàn */ 637053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[:en:Dog_breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[:en:Bulldog_type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[:en:Guard_dog|guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[:en:Brachycephalic|brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[:en:Docking_(animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[:en:Sexual_dimorphism|Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} ==Ìtàn == Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog jẹ́ ẹ̀yà irúfé ajá kan tí ó ṣọ̀wọ́n tí wọ́n sì gbàgbó wipe ni ìran Ajáa [[Old English Bulldog]]s tí wọ́n mú wá sí orílẹ̀ èdè America ni àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún ni. Wọn lò wọ́n nínú àwọn eré eléjè [[blood sport]] títí dídẹ́bà màálù [[bull baiting]] áti dídẹ́bà ẹranko bear, [[bear baiting]] ní ìgbà kan; lẹ́yìn ìgbà náà ni àwọn adaranjè ń lò wọn.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} Fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún, irúfé ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí ni àwọn ìdílé Lane ti [[Rebecca, Georgia]] sìn. Wọn padà bèrè ètò ìpèsè ẹ̀yà ajá pẹ̀lú ìforúkọsílẹ pẹ̀lú ajá kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jé Otto, lèyí tí ó di Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìdílé na gẹ́gẹ́bi ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbísí ajá. Orúkọ ajá Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ òun ni wón má ń lọ ní àwọn ìgbà míràn gẹ́gẹ́bi ìnagije ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìfojúdá àwọn ajá Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldogs òun ni ó wà ní nkan bi ọgọ́fà (120) sí àádọ́jọ (150) .{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[List of dog breeds]] * [[American Bulldog|American bulldog]] lw5usxuvphmaabofooxxkpir8qqhlw1 637054 637053 2026-09-16T15:12:27Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò */ 637054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American bulldog breed}} {{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Use American English|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox dog breed | name = Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog | image = File:Alapaha blue blood bulldog2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | altname = | nickname = Otto | stock = [[Old English Bulldog]] | country = [[United States]] | weight = {{cvt|50|-|90|lb|kg}} | height = {{cvt|20|-|25|in|cm}} | coat = Short | color = White patched with black, blue, buff or brown | litter_size = | notrecognized = yes | note = }} '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[:en:Dog_breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[:en:Bulldog_type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[:en:Guard_dog|guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[:en:Brachycephalic|brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[:en:Docking_(animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[:en:Sexual_dimorphism|Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} ==Ìtàn == Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog jẹ́ ẹ̀yà irúfé ajá kan tí ó ṣọ̀wọ́n tí wọ́n sì gbàgbó wipe ni ìran Ajáa [[Old English Bulldog]]s tí wọ́n mú wá sí orílẹ̀ èdè America ni àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún ni. Wọn lò wọ́n nínú àwọn eré eléjè [[blood sport]] títí dídẹ́bà màálù [[bull baiting]] áti dídẹ́bà ẹranko bear, [[bear baiting]] ní ìgbà kan; lẹ́yìn ìgbà náà ni àwọn adaranjè ń lò wọn.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} Fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún, irúfé ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí ni àwọn ìdílé Lane ti [[Rebecca, Georgia]] sìn. Wọn padà bèrè ètò ìpèsè ẹ̀yà ajá pẹ̀lú ìforúkọsílẹ pẹ̀lú ajá kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jé Otto, lèyí tí ó di Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìdílé na gẹ́gẹ́bi ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbísí ajá. Orúkọ ajá Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ òun ni wón má ń lọ ní àwọn ìgbà míràn gẹ́gẹ́bi ìnagije ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìfojúdá àwọn ajá Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldogs òun ni ó wà ní nkan bi ọgọ́fà (120) sí àádọ́jọ (150) .{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[List of dog breeds]] * [[American Bulldog|American bulldog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== 7mh6nocjnlkgqz7sloqcapq2czpjxry 637055 637054 2026-09-16T15:12:58Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[:en:Dog_breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[:en:Bulldog_type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[:en:Guard_dog|guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[:en:Brachycephalic|brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[:en:Docking_(animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[:en:Sexual_dimorphism|Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} ==Ìtàn == Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog jẹ́ ẹ̀yà irúfé ajá kan tí ó ṣọ̀wọ́n tí wọ́n sì gbàgbó wipe ni ìran Ajáa [[Old English Bulldog]]s tí wọ́n mú wá sí orílẹ̀ èdè America ni àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún ni. Wọn lò wọ́n nínú àwọn eré eléjè [[blood sport]] títí dídẹ́bà màálù [[bull baiting]] áti dídẹ́bà ẹranko bear, [[bear baiting]] ní ìgbà kan; lẹ́yìn ìgbà náà ni àwọn adaranjè ń lò wọn.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} Fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún, irúfé ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí ni àwọn ìdílé Lane ti [[Rebecca, Georgia]] sìn. Wọn padà bèrè ètò ìpèsè ẹ̀yà ajá pẹ̀lú ìforúkọsílẹ pẹ̀lú ajá kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jé Otto, lèyí tí ó di Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìdílé na gẹ́gẹ́bi ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbísí ajá. Orúkọ ajá Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ òun ni wón má ń lọ ní àwọn ìgbà míràn gẹ́gẹ́bi ìnagije ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìfojúdá àwọn ajá Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldogs òun ni ó wà ní nkan bi ọgọ́fà (120) sí àádọ́jọ (150) .{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[List of dog breeds]] * [[American Bulldog|American bulldog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== cp3wnigt8jej8ewhqjucsq469ybrdpb 637056 637055 2026-09-16T15:14:43Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìtàn */ 637056 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà [[:en:Dog_breed|breed]] ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[:en:Bulldog_type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[:en:Guard_dog|guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[:en:Brachycephalic|brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[:en:Docking_(animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[:en:Sexual_dimorphism|Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} ==Ìtàn == Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog jẹ́ ẹ̀yà irúfé ajá kan tí ó ṣọ̀wọ́n tí wọ́n sì gbàgbó wipe ni ìran Ajáa " [[:en:Old_English_Bulldog|Old English Bulldogs]]" tí wọ́n mú wá sí orílẹ̀ èdè America ni àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún ni. Wọn lò wọ́n nínú àwọn eré eléjè [[:en:Blood_sport|blood sport]] títí dídẹ́bà màálù ( [[:en:Bull_baiting|bull baiting]]) áti dídẹ́bà ẹranko bear, ([[:en:Bear_baiting|bear baiting]]) ní ìgbà kan; lẹ́yìn ìgbà náà ni àwọn adaranjè ń lò wọn.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} Fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún, irúfé ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí ni àwọn ìdílé Lane ti [[:en:Rebecca,_Georgia|Rebecca, Georgia]] sìn. Wọn padà bèrè ètò ìpèsè ẹ̀yà ajá pẹ̀lú ìforúkọsílẹ pẹ̀lú ajá kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jé Otto, lèyí tí ó di Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìdílé na gẹ́gẹ́bi ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbísí ajá. Orúkọ ajá Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ òun ni wón má ń lọ ní àwọn ìgbà míràn gẹ́gẹ́bi ìnagije ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìfojúdá àwọn ajá Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldogs òun ni ó wà ní nkan bi ọgọ́fà (120) sí àádọ́jọ (150) .{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[List of dog breeds]] * [[American Bulldog|American bulldog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== j7n4c5n80y72g2ug8y5iwjcfrhfd14x 637066 637056 2026-09-16T15:26:20Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637066 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ẹ̀yà Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog''' jẹ́ irúfe ẹ̀yà "[[:en:Dog_breed|breed]]" ajá tí wọ́n ń pè ní " [[:en:Bulldog_type|bulldog]]" láti [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]], wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń lò wọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ajá olùṣọ́ "[[:en:Guard_dog|guard dog]]" . Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní egun àti agbára, pẹlu ori nla ati imu pẹbẹ "[[:en:Brachycephalic|brachycephalic]]" . Irun arawon má ń kúrú, wọ́n sì ń sábà máa ń ní àwọ̀ funfun pẹ̀lú àwọn àwọ̀ dúdú, búlúù, àwọ̀ pupa tàbí àwọ̀ ilẹ̀, a sì máa ń Ìrù tí won kò gé [[:en:Docking_(animal)|docked]]. {{R|Fogle|Morris}} Ìyàtọ̀ ìrísí láàárín akọ àti abo "[[:en:Sexual_dimorphism|Sexual dimorphism]]" wọ́pọ̀ nínú irú ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí, pẹ̀lú bí àwọn ajá akọ ṣe má ń sábà tóbi ní ìlọ́po méjì ju àwọn abo lọ. {{R|Fogle}} ==Ìtàn == Ajáa Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog jẹ́ ẹ̀yà irúfé ajá kan tí ó ṣọ̀wọ́n tí wọ́n sì gbàgbó wipe ni ìran Ajáa " [[:en:Old_English_Bulldog|Old English Bulldogs]]" tí wọ́n mú wá sí orílẹ̀ èdè America ni àwọn àkókò ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún ni. Wọn lò wọ́n nínú àwọn eré eléjè [[:en:Blood_sport|blood sport]] títí dídẹ́bà màálù ( [[:en:Bull_baiting|bull baiting]]) áti dídẹ́bà ẹranko bear, ([[:en:Bear_baiting|bear baiting]]) ní ìgbà kan; lẹ́yìn ìgbà náà ni àwọn adaranjè ń lò wọn.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} Fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọdún, irúfé ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí ni àwọn ìdílé Lane ti [[:en:Rebecca,_Georgia|Rebecca, Georgia]] sìn. Wọn padà bèrè ètò ìpèsè ẹ̀yà ajá pẹ̀lú ìforúkọsílẹ pẹ̀lú ajá kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jé Otto, lèyí tí ó di Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìdílé na gẹ́gẹ́bi ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbísí ajá. Orúkọ ajá Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ òun ni wón má ń lọ ní àwọn ìgbà míràn gẹ́gẹ́bi ìnagije ẹ̀yà àwọn ajá yí.{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìfojúdá àwọn ajá Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldogs òun ni ó wà ní nkan bi ọgọ́fà (120) sí àádọ́jọ (150) .{{r|Fogle|Morris}} ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[List of dog breeds]] * [[American Bulldog|American bulldog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== 134eaiubq7pe4pvm7mg787dxzsxeumo 0 84460 637042 2026-09-16T14:49:39Z ToluT15 33915 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357834842|List of hospitals in Edo State]]" 637042 wikitext text/x-wiki Eyi jẹ atọka awọn ile-iwosan ni Ipinle Edo ni Nigeria, ti a ṣeto ni ibamu si iru ẹni ti o ni wọn ati ni ibamu si orukọ ile-iwosan naa.   == Ìjọba àpapọ̀ == * Onímọ̀ nípa Ọpọlọ àti Àrùn Ọpọlọ ti Ìjọba Àpapọ̀, Ìlú Benin * Ile-iwosan Ikẹẹkọ Onimọran Irrua * Ile-iwosan Ikọ́ni ti Yunifasiti ti Benin * Ile-iwosan Orthopaedic Orilẹ-ede, Ilu Benin * [[Stella Obasanjo Women and Children Hospital|Ile-iwosan Awọn Obirin ati Awọn ọmọde Stella Obasanjo]], Benin == Ìpínlẹ̀ == * [[Edo Specialist Hospital|Ile-iwosan Pataki Edo]], Ilu Benin * [[Central Hospital Benin|Ile-iwosan Aarin Benin]], Ilu Benin <ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-08-05|title=Benin Central Hospital: Controversy as Government, Oshiomhole, PDP trade issues|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/benin-central-hospital-controversy-government-oshiomhole-pdp-trade-issues/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-04-30}}</ref> * [[Uromi General Hospital|Ile-iwosan Gbogbogbo Uromi]], Uromi * [[General Hospital, Auchi|Ile-iwosan Gbogbogbo, Auchi]] <ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-04-18|title=Only three out of 34 state hospitals in Edo functioning – NMA|url=https://punchng.com/only-three-out-of-34-state-hospitals-in-edo-functioning-nma/|access-date=2022-04-30}}</ref> == Ikọkọ == * Pastor Chris Oyakhilome Teaching Hospital, Okada, tí a mọ̀ sí ''Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital'' tẹ́lẹ̀. * [https://anisospecialistmedicalcentre.com/ Ile-iwosan Onimọran Aniso], No. 11 opopona Federal keji, ni ita opopona S&T kẹrin, tabi ni ita opopona Benin Technical College, Uselu, ilu Benin * [[Lily Hospital|Ile-iwosan Lily]], Ilu Benin * [https://cityofhopeafrica.org/ Ile-iwosan Ilu Ireti], Km 7 Benin Sapele Road, Benin City Ipinle Edo == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Ìpínlẹ̀ Ẹdó]] 6dp899ac5bgj4rvug7u45c39cjkylaw 637061 637042 2026-09-16T15:20:07Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ilé Ìwòsàn aládàáni */ 637061 wikitext text/x-wiki Eyi jẹ atọka awọn ile-iwosan ni Ipinle Edo ni Nigeria, ti a ṣeto ni ibamu si iru ẹni ti o ni wọn ati ni ibamu si orukọ ile-iwosan naa.   == Ìjọba àpapọ̀ == * Onímọ̀ nípa Ọpọlọ àti Àrùn Ọpọlọ ti Ìjọba Àpapọ̀, Ìlú Benin * Ile-iwosan Ikẹẹkọ Onimọran Irrua * Ile-iwosan Ikọ́ni ti Yunifasiti ti Benin * Ile-iwosan Orthopaedic Orilẹ-ede, Ilu Benin * [[Stella Obasanjo Women and Children Hospital|Ile-iwosan Awọn Obirin ati Awọn ọmọde Stella Obasanjo]], Benin == Ìpínlẹ̀ == * [[Edo Specialist Hospital|Ile-iwosan Pataki Edo]], Ilu Benin * [[Central Hospital Benin|Ile-iwosan Aarin Benin]], Ilu Benin <ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-08-05|title=Benin Central Hospital: Controversy as Government, Oshiomhole, PDP trade issues|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/benin-central-hospital-controversy-government-oshiomhole-pdp-trade-issues/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-04-30}}</ref> * [[Uromi General Hospital|Ile-iwosan Gbogbogbo Uromi]], Uromi * [[General Hospital, Auchi|Ile-iwosan Gbogbogbo, Auchi]] <ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-04-18|title=Only three out of 34 state hospitals in Edo functioning – NMA|url=https://punchng.com/only-three-out-of-34-state-hospitals-in-edo-functioning-nma/|access-date=2022-04-30}}</ref> == Ilé Ìwòsàn aládàáni == * Pastor Chris Oyakhilome Teaching Hospital, Okada, tí a mọ̀ sí ''Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital'' tẹ́lẹ̀. * [https://anisospecialistmedicalcentre.com/ Ile-iwosan Onimọran Aniso], No. 11 opopona Federal keji, ni ita opopona S&T kẹrin, tabi ni ita opopona Benin Technical College, Uselu, ilu Benin * [[Lily Hospital|Ile-iwosan Lily]], Ilu Benin * [https://cityofhopeafrica.org/ Ile-iwosan Ilu Ireti], Km 7 Benin Sapele Road, Benin City Ipinle Edo == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Ìpínlẹ̀ Ẹdó]] ihbzwgwdiz1lhpqxc7vq45jv1x3puhc 0 84461 637044 2026-09-16T14:50:27Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366581524|What Happened to Janet Uzor]]" 637044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=What Happened to Janet Uzor|image=|image_size=|alt=|caption=|author=Miracle Emeka-Nkwor|country=Nigeria|language=English|genre=Young adult, mystery, thriller|publisher=[[Masobe Books]]|pub_date=2022|media_type=Print|pages=|isbn=}} '''"What Happened to Janet Uzor"''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ oní-ìtumọ̀-ìjìnlẹ̀ ti ọdún 2022 fún àwọn ọ̀dọ́, èyí tí Miracle Emeka-Nkwor kọ, tí ilé-iṣẹ́ Masobe Books sì tẹ̀ jáde. Ìtàn náà wáyé ní ìlú Port Harcourt, ó sì dá lórí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ilé-ìwé girama kan tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa bí ọ̀rẹ́ wọn, Janet Uzor, ṣe rì sínú omi kú; àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ sì fura pé ikú rẹ̀ kì í ṣe èyí tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àìròtẹ́lẹ̀. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Janet Uzor, akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ kan ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama Afobiri ní Port Harcourt, kú nígbà tí ó rí i pé omi rì ní àsìkò ìsinmi Kérésìmesì. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ọlọ́pàá sọ pé ikú rẹ̀ jẹ́ jàǹbá, ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ tó dára jùlọ, Ebere, kò gbàgbọ́ pé ìparí èrò náà yóò parí nítorí pé Janet jẹ́ ògbóǹkangí nínú wíwẹ̀. Ní ọdún kan lẹ́yìn náà, akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ mìíràn, Pamela, bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gba lẹ́tà tí a kò mọ̀ tí ó ń kìlọ̀ pé òun ni yóò jẹ́ ẹni tí ó tẹ̀lé e. Nítorí pé Pamela gbàgbọ́ pé àwọn ìhalẹ̀ náà ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ikú Janet, ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Ebere, Dan àti Eche láti ṣe ìwádìí nípa àwọn ohun tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àyíká ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà. Àwọn ìwádìí wọn fi hàn pé Janet ti fi àṣírí pamọ́ fún àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ àti pé ikú rẹ̀ ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ikú àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí a kò mọ ìdí rẹ̀ tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nígbà ìsinmi Kérésìmesì tẹ́lẹ̀. Ẹgbẹ́ náà parí èrò sí pé àwọn ikú náà jẹ́ ìpànìyàn tí a fi ara pamọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀, wọ́n sì ṣàfihàn àpẹẹrẹ kan tí ó so àwọn tí ó farapa pọ̀. Ìwádìí wọn mú wọn lọ sí ọ̀dọ̀ olórí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama Afobiri, ẹni tí a fihàn pé òun ló fa ìpànìyàn Janet àti ìpànìyàn tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀. Janet ti rí àwọn ìròyìn tó ń halẹ̀ mọ́ ọn pé ó máa tú u fó, èyí tó mú kí ó sọ pé òun kú nítorí pé ó rì sínú omi láìròtẹ́lẹ̀. Àwọn ìwà ọ̀daràn olórí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ náà ni a tú síta, èyí tí ó mú ìwádìí náà wá sí òpin, tí ó sì tú òtítọ́ tí ó wà lẹ́yìn ikú Janet hàn. == Àkọ́lẹ̀ àti ìtẹ̀jáde == Ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà Miracle Emeka-Nkwor kọ ni ''What Happened to Janet Uzor'', tí Masobe Books tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2022. Emeka-Nkwor bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ náà nígbà tí ó wà ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún. Nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò kan pẹ̀lú ''ìwé ìròyìn Isele'', ó sọ pé ìfẹ́ tí ó ní sí ìtàn àròsọ àti àwọn ìtàn àròsọ lẹ́yìn tí ó ka ìwé RL Stine, ''The Betrayal'', ló mú kí ìtàn náà wá sí ọkàn rẹ̀. Ó tún sọ pé òun kọ ìwé ìtàn náà ní ìdáhùn sí àìsí ìrísí ìtàn àròsọ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà, ó sì sọ ìrètí pé yóò fún àwọn òǹkọ̀wé àti àwọn olùtẹ̀wé níṣìírí láti gba àwọn oríṣi ìtàn bí àdììtú, ìtàn àròsọ àti ìtàn sáyẹ́ǹsì. Ìwé ìtàn náà lo ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn òǹkọ̀wé, ọ̀nà kan tí Emeka-Nkwor sọ pé òun yàn láti fi àwọn ohùn àti ìrírí àwọn òǹkọ̀wé hàn nígbà tí òun ń ṣe àwárí àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́, ìgbà ọ̀dọ́ àti ìbànújẹ́. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ayomide Ogunrinde ti ''BusinessDay'' ṣapejuwe iwe itan naa gẹgẹbi ohun ijinlẹ ti o ni idaniloju ti o n gbe wahala duro nipasẹ awọn iṣipopada ati awọn iyipada itan rẹ, o si yin ifihan ẹdun rẹ ti ibanujẹ ati ọrẹ. Nínú ''ìwé ìròyìn The Lagos Review'', Sylva Nze Ifedigbo kọ̀wé pé ìwé ìtàn náà jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ tó ṣọ̀wọ́n nínú ìtàn àròsọ àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba ní Nàìjíríà. Ó gbóríyìn fún àyíká ojú ọ̀run rẹ̀, ìṣàpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ àti ìṣípayá ìtàn rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n ó kíyèsí pé àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ìtàn kan gbára lé ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ àti pé ó nílò ìdádúró àìnígbàgbọ́. Annabelle Obie ti ''Littafi'' yin ohun ijinlẹ ti o nifẹẹ, ọrọ kikọ ti o rọrun lati lo ati awọn ohun kikọ ti o le fara mọ. Ṣùgbọ́n, ó ṣàkíyèsí pé àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kan kò ní òtítọ́ àti pé àwọn kókó ìtàn kan lè ti túbọ̀ ní ìdàgbàsókè sí i. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] fkjoifjdiizmesruqk8dt4dbcq3cxdp 0 84462 637045 2026-09-16T14:52:08Z ToluT15 33915 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370252477|Water House]]" 637045 wikitext text/x-wiki '''"Water House" jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ilé díẹ̀ tó ṣì wà tí ó sì ń fi ọ̀nà ìkọ́lé ti ilẹ̀ Brazil hàn ní Nàìjíríà. Ilé yìí wà ní ojú-pópó Kakawa, ní àárín gbùngbùn ìlú Èkó (Lagos Island), wọ́n sì kọ́ ọ ní ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún ní àkókò ìjọba amúnisìn ní Èkó. Candido Da Rocha ló ni ín, ó sì gbé níbẹ̀.[1][2][3][4]''' == Gbọngàn Àfihàn == <gallery mode="packed"> File:2014_water_house_Lagos_Island_Nigeria_14824673521.jpg File:Water_House_Lagos_island_Lagos.jpg File:Water_House_Lagos_island.jpg File:Water_house,_Lagos_Island.jpg File:Water_house_Lagos.jpg File:Water_House_Nigeria.jpg File:Water_House_(7).jpg File:Water_House_(4).jpg </gallery> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} idlwj6svakr64hv5am6b8tbfh7iu6kd 0 84463 637047 2026-09-16T14:53:50Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359647560|Yinka, Where Is Your Huzband?]]" 637047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|italic title=<!--(see above)-->|name=Yinka, Where Is Your Huzband?|image=Yinka, Where Is Your Huzband?.jpeg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=First edition|author=Lizzie Damilola Blackburn|audio_read_by=|title_orig=|orig_lang_code=|title_working=|translator=|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=Nigeria|language=English|series=|release_number=|subject=|genre=[[Romance novel|Romantic fiction]]|set_in=London, England|publisher=[[Pamela Dorman Books]]|publisher2=|pub_date=January 18, 2022|english_pub_date=|published=|media_type=Print ([[hardcover]])|pages=384 pages|awards=|isbn=9780593299005|isbn_note=(first edition)|oclc=1252740062|dewey=|congress=|preceded_by=<!-- for books in a series -->|followed_by=<!-- for books in a series -->|native_wikisource=|wikisource=|notes=|exclude_cover=|website=}} '''''Yinka, Nibo ni Aṣọ Àgbélébùú Rẹ Wà?''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, Lizzie Damilola Blackburn, kọ. Ìwé yìí, èyí tí í ṣe àkọ́kọ́ nínú àwọn ìwé rẹ̀, jẹ́ èyí tí Pamela Dorman Books tí ó jẹ́ ẹ̀ka kan lábẹ́ Penguin Random House tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2022. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ìtàn ìwé náà dá lórí Yinka, ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà tí ó sì jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, ẹni tí ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Yunifásítì Oxford, tí wọ́n sì ń fi ipá mú un láti ṣe ìgbéyàwó. == Ìdàgbàsókè == Ìtàn náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtàn kúkúrú nínú ìwé ìròyìn kan tí wọ́n pè ní "àwọn ìṣòro tó dá lórí ẹ̀sìn Kristẹni" èyí tí Blackburn kọ sílẹ̀. Ó wà ní ọmọ ogún ọdún, ìyá rẹ̀ fún un ní ìkìlọ̀ láti yanjú ìṣòro náà, lẹ́yìn náà ó pinnu láti kọ ìtàn kan nípa rẹ̀. Ìtàn kúkúrú náà di ìwé àròsọ nígbà tí ó pàdé Jackie Lau níbi ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lórí ìkànnì ayélujára. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Kristen Stewart ti ''Library Journal'' ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí "... ìtàn onímọ̀lára àti ẹlẹ́yà nípa ìrìn àjò ìwárí ara-ẹni ọ̀dọ́mọbìnrin kan... Ìtàn gbogbogbòò yìí nípa ọ̀dọ́mọbìnrin kan tó wá sínú ara rẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ohun tó jẹ mọ́ àṣà Nàìjíríà ... Àwọn òǹkàwé tí wọ́n fẹ́ràn àwọn ìwé ìtàn Marian Keyes àti Cecelia Ahern yóò rí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ nǹkan láti gbádùn níbí." Alicia Rancilio ti ''Associated Press'' ṣe apejuwe rẹ gẹgẹbi ohun ti o dun ati ti o ni ọkan nla. Ó tún sọ pé " ''Yinka, Níbo ni Ẹgbẹ́ Ọmọ Rẹ wà?"'' jẹ́ ju ìwé kan lọ nípa obìnrin tó ń wá ọkùnrin. Ó sọ̀rọ̀ nípa àwọn kókó bíi ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ obìnrin, ìlànà ẹwà àwọn aláwọ̀ dúdú àti ẹ̀sìn." == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 17xx2deezu18v059q3j0t15aac6twob 0 84464 637049 2026-09-16T14:55:14Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1320405035|An Unusual Grief]]" 637049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Ìwé ìtàn An Uncomfortable Grief''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ ti ọdún 2022 tí Yewande Omotoso kọ, tí ilé-iṣẹ́ Cassava Republic Press sì tẹ̀ jáde. Nípa lílo àwọn ìlú Johannesburg àti Cape Town ní orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ibi tí ìtàn náà ti wáyé, ìwé náà ṣàlàyé ìrírí Mojisola bí ó ṣe ń gbìyànjú láti wádìí nípa ìgbésí-ayé ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ tí ó ti pa ara rẹ̀. <ref name="Guardian">{{Cite web|url=Barney Norris}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=Olukorede Yishau}}</ref> Àtúnyẹ̀wò nínú ìwé-ìròyìn *The Guardian* sọ pé: "Ìwé *An Unusual Grief* jẹ́ ìwé tó lẹ́wà, tó sì ń fún àwọn òǹkàwé rẹ̀ ní òtítọ́ nípa ìmọ̀lára; ó tún ń fúnni ní ìtùnú nípa àwọn àléébù tàbí àìpé tí gbogbo wa ń kọ́ láti máa gba bí wọ́n ṣe rí, nígbà gbogbo."<ref name="Guardian" /> Ó wà lára àwọn tí a ti gùn jùlọ nínú ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà fún ìwé kíkà ọdún 2025 . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 8qnubtpbopjp1r8217fbjl748plh0cq 0 84465 637057 2026-09-16T15:15:15Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365524592|She Who Knows]]" 637057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|country=|publisher=[[DAW Books]]|isbn=9780756418953}} '''"She Who Knows"''' jẹ́ ìtàn kúkúrú tí Nnedi Okorafor kọ ní ọdún 2024. Ó wáyé nínú ayé ìtàn "Who Fears Death," ó sì sọ ìtàn nípa Najeeba, ìyá Onyesonwu, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ akọni pàtàkì nínú ìtàn yẹn. "She Who Knows" ni ìtàn kúkúrú àkọ́kọ́ nínú àwọn ìtàn mẹ́ta tí a pète láti kọ. Ó tẹ̀lé e pẹ̀lú "One Way Witch" ní ọdún 2025. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Nínú ìtàn kan, Najeeba sọ ìtàn ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ fún Aro. A bí Najeeba sínú ìdílé Osunu. Àwọn Osunu jẹ́ ẹ̀ka kan lára ​​ẹ̀yà Okeke, wọ́n sì máa ń bọ òrìṣà obìnrin kan tí a ń pè ní Adoro, pẹ̀lú títẹ̀lé àwọn àṣà àti ìlànà tó yàtọ̀. Iṣẹ́ ìwakùsà iyọ̀ ni àwọn ọkùnrin Osunu máa ń ṣe láti rí oúnjẹ jẹ, wọ́n sì máa ń ta á fún àwọn ènìyàn Okeke yòókù ní àwọn ọjà iyọ̀. Nígbà tí Najeeba pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún, ó gbọ́ ìpè kan tó ní kí ó rin ìrìn-àjò lójú ọ̀nà iyọ̀ kí ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ìwakùsà iyọ̀. Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé iṣẹ́ ìwakùsà iyọ̀ jẹ́ iṣẹ́ tí àwọn ọkùnrin sábà máa ń ṣe ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú àṣà wọn, bàbá rẹ̀ Xabief àti àwọn ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ̀ ọkùnrin, Ger àti Rayan, gbà kí ó bá wọn ṣe ìrìn-àjò náà. Najeeba bá àjẹ́ kan sọ̀rọ̀, èyí tí a pè ní ìjì líle tàbí Bìlísì eruku. Ìpàdé yìí jí agbára ìṣẹ́dá rẹ̀ tó fara sin. Najeeba lọ sí adágún iyọ̀ kan tí ó ti kú, ó sì ń ran ìdílé rẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ nínú iṣẹ́ iwakusa. Ní ọjà iyọ̀, ó máa ń fi ara rẹ̀ ṣe ọmọdékùnrin, ó sì máa ń jẹ èrè tó pọ̀ jùlọ tí ìdílé rẹ̀ tíì rí. Láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ tó tẹ̀lé e, agbára Najeeba pọ̀ sí i. Ó ní agbára láti fi ara rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ kí ó sì rìnrìn àjò káàkiri ayé. Ẹ̀mí rẹ̀ sábà máa ń jẹ́ àwọ̀ Kponyungo, ẹ̀dá kan tí ó jọ dragoni tàbí aláǹgbá ńlá tí ń fò. Nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún, bàbá Najeeba rí iyẹ̀fun kan tí ó ń tàn láti inú pẹ̀lú ìmọ́lẹ̀ pupa dúdú kan tí ó jẹ́ àdììtú. Nibayi, a kọlù abúlé rẹ̀, a sì jó ilé ìkàwé rẹ̀. Nígbà tí wọ́n ń lọ sí ọjà iyọ̀, àwọn ẹ̀mí aṣálẹ̀ ń kọlù ìdílé náà. Najeeba gba ìrísí Kponyungo láti gbà wọ́n là. Bàbá rẹ̀ farapa, ṣùgbọ́n ó yege. Ní ọjà iyọ̀, ó ta ìyẹ̀fun dídán fún èrè ńlá, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tú ìbòjú rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀dọ́mọbìnrin. Àwọn ọkùnrin owú ń kọlù ú, ṣùgbọ́n ó ń lo agbára rẹ̀ láti gbèjà ara rẹ̀. Nígbà tí ó padà sí ìlú ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀, èrè láti inú ìdìpọ̀ ohun ìjìnlẹ̀ náà tó láti tún ibi ìkówèésí náà ṣe. Sibẹsibẹ, baba rẹ kú laipẹ lẹhin naa. Najeeba yára fẹ́ ọkùnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Idris, ó sì kó lọ síbòmíràn. Ìtàn náà padà sí ìtàn fírẹ́mù náà. Najeeba ní kí Aro kọ́ òun ní iṣẹ́ ajẹ́, òun náà sì gbà bẹ́ẹ̀. == Àwọn kókó pàtàkì == Noah Fram ti BookPage kọ̀wé pé ''She Who Knows'' “ń tẹ̀síwájú nínú ìwádìí Okorafor nípa ìdí tí àwọn ènìyàn fi ń ṣe ìyàsọ́tọ̀ sí ara wọn.” Fram kọ̀wé pé ''Who Fears Death'' “ṣe àyẹ̀wò ìbàjẹ́ àwọn ìwà àìdáa tí a fi ara ṣe sí ara wọn.” Ní ìyàtọ̀ sí èyí, ìwé ìtàn tí ó ṣáájú àkókò náà ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn irú ìwà àìṣòótọ́ kan tí “kò rọrùn rárá.” Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn obìnrin ní àṣẹ láti ra iyọ̀, ṣùgbọ́n wọn kò gbà kí wọ́n wa iyọ̀ tàbí kí wọ́n tà á. Àtúnyẹ̀wò náà sọ pé “Ìdílé [Najeeba] àti ìlú ìbílẹ̀ rẹ̀ ń gbé ìwà àìlóye àti àìronú nípa ìbálòpọ̀ lárugẹ nítorí pé ìgbésí ayé àti ìgbésí ayé wọn sinmi lórí rẹ̀.” Fram sọ pé èrò pàtàkì Okorafor ni báyìí: “Àìṣòdodo ń bá a lọ nítorí pé ó wà ní ààbò, àwọn akọni rẹ̀ sì gbọ́dọ̀ ní ìgboyà tó láti yí ohun tó gbọ́dọ̀ yípadà padà, láìka àwọn ewu tó lè yọrí sí.” Racheal Chie ti ''Strange Horizons'' kọwe pe iwe itan naa ṣawari lori irẹjẹ awọn obinrin. "Okorator lo àjẹ́ láti fi hàn bí àwọn obìnrin onírúurú ṣe ń ṣiyèméjì ní àwùjọ. Tí ọkùnrin bá gbọ́n, ó ti kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́; ṣùgbọ́n tí obìnrin bá gbọ́n, ó jẹ́ orísun ìfura—àjẹ́ ni." Àpẹẹrẹ mìíràn nípa kókó ọ̀rọ̀ yìí wáyé nígbà tí wọ́n fi ẹ̀sùn kan Najeeba pé ó jẹ́ àjẹ́ nítorí pé ó mọ bí a ṣe ń ta iyọ̀ ní ọjà. Níkẹyìn, olùtọ́jú ìwé ni ó ń ṣàkóso àwọn ìwé tí Najeeba gbà láyè láti kà. Àpẹẹrẹ kan nìyí lára àwọn “irinṣẹ́ tí a ti fi ìgbà kan rí ṣe fún àwọn obìnrin láti máa ṣọ́ wọn, tí a ṣe láti fi ìtìjú bá wọn nípa ìwà tí a kò gbọ́dọ̀ hù ní àwùjọ.” == Gbigbawọle ati awọn ẹbun == Noah Fram ti BookPage yin ìwé ìtàn náà, ó kọ̀wé pé “ìkọ̀wé Okorafor jẹ́ tààràtà àti aláìgbàgbọ́ bíi ti ìgbà gbogbo.” Àtúnyẹ̀wò náà parí sí pé “Ìtàn Najeeba lè jẹ́ ohun tí àwọn onífẹ̀ẹ́ Okorafor mọ̀ dáadáa, ṣùgbọ́n kò tún jẹ́ ohun tí ó múni lọ́kàn yọ̀, kódà fún àwọn òǹkàwé tí wọ́n ti mọ bí ó ṣe parí.” Gary K Wolfe ti ''Locus'' pe iwe itan naa ni “ohun ti o jọmọ ara ẹni loju, o si yin ibatan ti o wa laarin Najeeba ati baba rẹ ati awọn arakunrin rẹ. Wolfe sọ pé ìwé náà “jẹ́ èyí tí ó rọrùn láti kà, kódà fún àwọn tí kò mọ ''Ta ló ń bẹ̀rù ikú'' .” Ìwé náà ni ó gba ipò ìkẹyìn fún ẹ̀bùn Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Locusti ọdún 2025 fún Novella tí ó dára jùlọ . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] 82rhlfz6on4m7pz5zhgq2zweu03oxju 0 84466 637058 2026-09-16T15:16:23Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753909|The Road Does Not End]]" 637058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=[[Olubunmi Familoni]]|publisher=Noirledge Publishing|country=Nigeria}}Ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2024 tí [[Olubunmi Familoni]] kọ ni '''''The Road Does Not Opin''''' . Ó gba ẹ̀bùn ìwé ní Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2024 . == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == Olubunmi ti kọ ọpọlọpọ awọn ere, awọn itan kukuru ati awọn arokọ. Àkójọ ìtàn kúkúrú rẹ̀, ''Smithereens of Death,'' ló gba ẹ̀bùn ANA ti ọdún 2015 fún àwọn ìtàn kúkúrú. Ní ọdún 2020, ìwé àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀, ''I will Call My Brother for You,'' ló gba ẹ̀bùn ANA fún ìwé ọmọdé. Eré rẹ̀, ''Nígbà tí Big Masquerades Dance Naked'' wà lára àwọn tí a yàn fún ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà fún Lítíréṣọ̀ ní ọdún 2023, ó sì gba ẹ̀bùn ANA fún eré Drama. Ó gba Olubunmi ní ọ̀sẹ̀ méjì láti kọ ìwé ìtàn náà. Ó tọ́ka sí ìwé [[Mark Twain]] tó ń jẹ́ ''The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn'' àti ''The Adventures of Tom Sawyer'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìmísí. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ìgbìmọ̀ tó ń gbani nímọ̀ràn fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Nigeria Prize for Literature yin ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ náà, wọ́n sì kọ̀wé pé ó "ń sọ ìtàn tó wúni lórí nípa bí ìgbésí-ayé ṣe rí ní ojú-pópó ní ìlú Èkó, pẹ̀lú ìtẹnumọ́ lórí àwọn ọmọdé tí wọ́n ní láti wá ọ̀nà láti bójú tó ara wọn," wọ́n sì tún yin ọ̀nà tí òǹkọ̀wé náà gbà kọ ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tó ń fi àwọn ìṣòro ojoojúmọ́ àti agbára láti fara dà á tí àwọn ohun-ìtàn inú ìwé náà ní hàn, "èyí tí ó ń fa àfiyèsí sí àwọn ìṣòro àwùjọ tí àwọn ọ̀dọ́ tí kò ní ààbò tó péye ní Nàìjíríà ń kojú."<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Umeha|first1=Chioma|title=Reasons Familoni's The Road Does Not End' Won 2024 Nigeria Prize For Literature|url=https://independent.ng/reasons-familonis-the-road-does-not-end-won-2024-nigeria-prize-for-literature/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-11-02}}</ref> Ìwé ìtàn náà gba ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà fún Lítíréṣọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n yan án gẹ́gẹ́ bí ''ẹni tí ó ní ìfẹ́'' sí i nínú orin Uchechukwu Peter Umezurike àti ìwé Ndidi Chiazor-Enenmo tó ní ìfẹ́ sí i nínú ''orin A Father's Pride'' . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Road Does Not End, The}} jftwru5zdrquv01tn856tio47amj8bf 0 84467 637059 2026-09-16T15:18:09Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342077703|Fine Dreams]]" 637059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Fine Dreams|author=Linda N. Masi|language=English|country=United States, Nigeria|published=2024|publisher=[[University of Massachusetts Press]]|image=File:Fine_Dreams.jpg|caption=|isbn=9781685750671|oclc=1406102734}} '''''Ìwé àròsọ Fine Dreams''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ àkọ́kọ́ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, Linda N. Masi, kọ ní ọdún 2024. Ile-iṣẹ Atẹjade ti Yunifásítì Massachusetts ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde,<ref>{{cite web|last=Masi|first=Linda N.|title=Fine Dreams|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|date=2024-04-05|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/190/monograph/book/123508|access-date=2025-11-05}}</ref> wọ́n sì fi ìwé náà sínú àkójọ àwọn ìwé tí wọ́n yàn fún ìdíje Nigeria Prize for Literature ti ọdún 2025.[2]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Adelagun|first=Oluwakemi|title=NLNG releases longlist for Nigeria Prize for Literature|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/artsbooks/809371-nlng-releases-longlist-for-nigeria-prize-for-literature.html}}</ref> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Àtúnyẹ̀wò Lagos'' == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} gthut788jffz2wl1btkirtql9yo51oz 0 84468 637060 2026-09-16T15:19:35Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753822|A Father's Pride]]" 637060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=A Father's Pride|author=Ndidi Chiazor-Enenmo|image=|pub_date=2024|language=English|publisher=Kays House of Publishing|country=Nigeria|pages=146|isbn=978-978-784-660-5}} Ìwé àròsọ kan tí àwọn Ndidi Chiazor-Enenmo kọ ni '''''A Father's Pride''''' . Ilé ìtẹ̀wé Kays ní Nàìjíríà ló tẹ̀ ìwé ìtàn náà jáde, wọ́n sì yan orúkọ ìwé náà fún ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà fún ìwé kíkà ti ọdún 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Three children authors shortlisted for NLNG’s $100,000 Literature Prize|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/730019-three-children-authors-shortlisted-for-nlngs-100000-literature-prize.html?tztc=1|access-date=2025-11-02}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=A Father’s Pride: Ndidi Chiazor-Enenmor radiates with cultural and environmental wisdom|url=https://thesun.ng/a-fathers-pride-ndidi-chiazor-enenmor-radiates-with-cultural-and-environmental-wisdom/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2 November 2025|date=7 September 2024|language=en}}</ref> == Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ == Chiazor Enenmor gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí BA nínú ìmọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti ìmọ̀ nípa ilé-ìkówèsí láti University of Nigeria, ó sì tún gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí MA nínú ìmọ̀ lítíréṣọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì láti [[Yunifásítì ti Èkó.]]<ref>{{Cite news|title='A Father's Pride' is for our environment, children mistreated across the globe — Chiazor-Enenmor|journal=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sam-Duru|title=Chiazor-Enenmor steps out with new novel|journal=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} lm5gyzl75dl1e1mttb8e6040usa0nnq 0 84469 637062 2026-09-16T15:20:58Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367761009|The Middle Daughter]]" 637062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=The Middle Daughter|image=The Middle Daughter Book cover by Chika Unigwe.jpg|image_size=|alt=|caption=|author=[[Chika Unigwe]]|audio_read_by=|translator=|illustrator=|cover_artist=|country=Nigeria|language=English|genre=[[Literary fiction]]|set_in=[[Enugu (city)|Enugu]]|publisher=[[Dzanc Books]]|pub_date=4 April 2023|media_type=Print ([[hardback]])|pages=312|awards=|isbn=9781950539468|oclc=|dewey=|notes=}} Ìwé ìtàn àwùjọ tí Chika Unigwe kọ, tí Dzanc Books sì tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2023, '''''The Middle Daughter''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àwùjọ tí ó ní ìtumọ̀ tó ga Unigwe gba ìmísí rẹ̀ láti inú ìtàn Hades àti Persephone . == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Lẹ́yìn ikú Udodi, ẹbí náà rò pé ìṣòro wọn ti parí, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ṣìnà. Nígbà tí Nani, tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún, pàdánù àbúrò rẹ̀ obìnrin àti bàbá rẹ̀ ní ọ̀kan lẹ́yìn èkejì, ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ di ohun tí ó le koko gan-an. Nígbà tí ìbànújẹ́ bò ó mọ́lẹ̀, Nani rí ara rẹ̀ ní àdáwà, tí ìyá rẹ̀ àti àbúrò rẹ̀ obìnrin kò sì lóye rẹ̀. Nínú ìpọ́njú rẹ̀, ó ní ìfẹ́ sí oníwàásù kan tí ó sọ pé òun ní ọ̀nà ààtààrà láti bá Ọlọ́run sọ̀rọ̀. Àwọn ìlérí rẹ̀ nípa ríri ibi tí ènìyàn ti lè jẹ́ ara ẹgbẹ́ àti níní àwọn tí yóò lóye ẹni fún Nani ní ìrètí díẹ̀. Ó dàbí ẹni pé ó fún un ní ìrètí àti ibi tí yóò ti ní ìmọ̀lára pé òun jẹ́ ara nǹkan kan. Ṣùgbọ́n bí Nani ṣe túbọ̀ ń súnmọ́ ọkùnrin náà sí i, bẹ́ẹ̀ náà ni ó ṣe túbọ̀ ń jìnnà sí ẹbí rẹ̀. Bí àkókò ti ń lọ, Nani túbọ̀ jìnnà sí ẹbí rẹ̀, àwọn tí wọ́n ti jẹ́ kí wọ́n súnmọ́ra wọn gan-an tẹ́lẹ̀. Ó parí sí inú ìgbéyàwó tí kò dára, níbi tí ọkọ rẹ̀ ti ń hùwà burúkú sí i. Ó nífẹ̀ẹ́ àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n ẹ̀rù ń bà á láti fi ọkọ rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ nítorí wọn. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, Nani mọ̀ pé ó ní láti lágbára kí ó sì wá ọ̀nà láti jáde kúrò nínú ipò tí ó wà. Pẹ̀lú ìgboyà àti ìpinnu, Nani bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í rí ara rẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan sí i. Ó kojú ìbẹ̀rù rẹ̀, ó sì kọ́ láti gbẹ́kẹ̀lé ara rẹ̀. Níkẹyìn, ó rí i pé òun lè borí ohunkóhun, níwọ̀n ìgbà tí òun bá di ohun tó ṣe pàtàkì jù lọ sí òun mú. == Àwọn Òṣèré == * '''Nani''' — akọni * '''Udodi''' — Àbúrò Nani * '''Ugo''' — Àbúrò Nani * Ọkọ '''Ephraim''' Nani tí ó ń ṣe ìkà síni * '''Enuka''' — Ọ̀rẹ́ Nani == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Ìwé tí Delight Ejiaka kọ fún ''World Literature Today'' ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò pé "[ìkọ̀wé] inú ìwé náà jẹ́ ohun tó wúni lórí, ó sì mú kí ẹni tó ń kà á máa rí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ rẹ̀." Ó tún sọ pé "ìwé náà yára, ó sì ní ìtàn pẹ̀lú ìdàgbàsókè ìwà tó dára tó ń sún ẹni tó ń kà á láti inú àwọn ojú ìwé náà." Gbíyìn fún Unigwe fún “gbígbé ìtàn náà sókè pẹ̀lú gbogbo orí títí tí ó fi tàn kálẹ̀ tí ó sì fi jẹ́ kí àwọn olùgbọ́ rẹ̀ dààmú.” [[Ainehi Edoro]] ti ''Brittle Paper'' fi wé ''Ọmọ-ilu Ipele Keji'' láti ọwọ́ [[Buchi Emecheta]], <ref name="Britt">{{Cite web|url=Ainehi Edoro}}</ref> ó tún ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò pé " ''The Middle Daughter'' jẹ́ ìtàn alágbára nípa ayọ̀ obìnrin tó jẹ́ òótọ́ jùlọ, tó sì ní ìgbádùn jùlọ—ayọ̀ òmìnira." <ref name="Britt" /> Ukamaka Olisakwe ti ''Isele Magazine'' fun ni atunyẹwo irawọ marun-un, <ref name="Ukamaka" /> o yin pe “a ṣeto iwe naa ni ọna ti o yanilẹnu.” <ref name="Ukamaka">{{Cite web|url=Ukamaka Olisakwe}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} bv1y8mcq7pimlvaxrt1hbgoxhr7cmz5 0 84470 637063 2026-09-16T15:23:02Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753855|Leave My Bones in Saskatoon]]" 637063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Leave My Bones in Saskatoon|image=Leave My Bones in Saskatoon book cover.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=Book cover|author=[[Michael Afenfia]]|language={{hlist|English|[[Pidgin English]]}}|set_in={{Plainlist| * [[Abuja]] * [[Makurdi]] * [[Saskatoon]] }}|publisher=Griots Lounge Canada|published=2023|pages=304|isbn=978-1-77768-847-9|isbn_note=|notes=<ref name=Quill/>}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ '''''Leave My Bones in Saskatoon''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ọdún 2023 tí Michael Afenfia kọ tí Griots Lounge Canada sì tẹ̀ jáde. Ìtàn náà tẹ̀lé ọkùnrin kan tí ó ń gbé ní Nàìjíríà tí ó kó lọ sí Kánádà pẹ̀lú ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ àti àwọn ìpèníjà tí wọ́n dojú kọ níbẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn àlejò. == Ipilẹ ati idagbasoke == Michael Afenfia, agbẹjọro ati onkọwe ọmọ orilẹ-ede Naijiria ati Kanada ti o n gbe ni Saskatoon lọwọlọwọ, fẹ lati ṣe afihan iriri awọn aṣikiri, paapaa julọ awọn ọmọ Naijiria; o si kọ iwe itan yii gẹgẹbi ọna lati rọ ijọba Naijiria lati koju iṣesi "Japa" (iṣesi wiwa ọna lati lọ si ilu okeere fun igbesi aye to dara julọ). Wọ́n kọ ìwé yìí fún ọdún kan, Griot Lounge Canada sì tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde, ìwé yìí sì ni ìwé ìtàn kẹfà tí Afenfia kọ lẹ́yìn ''Rain Can Never Know'' . == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ìwé ìtàn tí a kọ ní apá méjì tẹ̀lé Owoicho, olùgbékalẹ̀ tẹlifíṣọ̀n kan àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ Ene, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ olùrànlọ́wọ́ fún gómìnà kan àti àwọn ọmọ wọn mẹ́rin bí wọ́n ṣe ń gbìyànjú láti ṣí lọ sí Saskatoon ní Saskatchewan, [[Kánádà|Canada]] . Ene pẹ̀lú mẹ́ta lára àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀ mẹ́rin lọ sílé àwọn òbí rẹ̀ ní [[Makurdi]], ìpínlẹ̀ Benue ṣùgbọ́n àwọn ọlọ́ṣà pa wọ́n nígbà tí wọ́n ń padà bọ̀. Ní ọjọ́ kan náà, Owoicho gba ìwé àṣẹ ìwọ̀lú fún gbogbo ìdílé rẹ̀ láti ilé iṣẹ́ aṣojú ilẹ̀ Canada ní Abuja, ṣùgbọ́n ó dààmú nítorí ìròyìn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìbànújẹ́ náà. Lẹ́yìn ìsìnkú náà, ó kó lọ sí Kánádà pẹ̀lú ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ kan ṣoṣo tó kù, Ochanya, wọ́n sì yá ilé ìsàlẹ̀ ilé ní ilé ọ̀rẹ́ ìyàwó rẹ̀ tó ti kú. Owoicho gbìyànjú àwọn iṣẹ́ tí kò dára ṣùgbọ́n kò dúró pẹ́ nítorí pé wọ́n lé e kúrò níṣẹ́ tàbí pé ó bínú. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó gbà láti padà sí Nàìjíríà láti ṣiṣẹ́ ní ilé iṣẹ́ rédíò ti ìjọba. Ija kan bẹ̀rẹ̀, Owoicho sì kúrò ní ìsàlẹ̀ ilé náà, ó sì kọ̀ láti wá sí Nàìjíríà nítorí ìbẹ̀rù àìdánilójú. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == [[Olukorede Yishau]] ń kọ ìwé ìròyìn fún ''Isele Magazine,'' ó ń yin ìwé ìtàn náà pé ó “ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ohun tó ń múni ronú jinlẹ̀ àti àwọn nǹkan tó ń yí padà.” <ref name="Yishau">{{Cite web|url=Olukorede Yishau}}</ref> Zeahaa Rehman tí ó ń kọ ìwé ''Quill àti Quire'' gbóríyìn fún ìwé ìtàn náà nígbà tí ó ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa bí ó ṣe ń mú kí òǹkàwé mọ àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Nàìjíríà . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} gwuttosv0l3juy0vqa9amln2jy2ohn7 0 84471 637064 2026-09-16T15:24:53Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354755360|The Legacy of Molly Southbourne]]" 637064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=[[Tade Thompson]]|country=United Kingdom|publisher=[[Tordotcom]]|pages=160 (paperback)}}Ìwé ìtàn ẹ̀rù tó jáde ní ọdún 2022 ''''', The Legacy of Molly Southbourne,''''' ni [[Tade Thompson]] kọ. Ó jẹ́ àtẹ̀lé àtẹ̀lé sí eré ''Ìwàláàyè Molly Southbourne'' ti ọdún 2019. Ìwé ìtàn náà gba ìtọ́kasí pàtàkì kan ní ayẹyẹ Philip K. Dick Awards ti ọdún 2023. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Ẹ̀dá kan tí a dá láti inú ẹ̀jẹ̀ (èyí tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde àwọn ìwádìí sáyẹ́ǹsì tí kò lọ déédé) pa àwọn aráàlú mélòó kan. Aṣojú ìjọba ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Gove yan obìnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Myke láti wá ẹ̀dá náà rí kí ó sì pa á. Tamara pàdé Vitali. Vitali fẹ́ san owó fún un láti lọ mú ẹ̀dá náà wá kí ó sì tún ran iṣẹ́ lọ́wọ́ láti gbé e jáde kúrò ní ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ní ọ̀nà àìtọ́. Molly ń gbé ní Dorset lábẹ́ orúkọ Molly Whitlow. Òun àti àwọn “arábìnrin” rẹ̀ Mollyann, Moya, àti Molina gba ìtọ́jú tó lágbára, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ṣì ń jìjàkadì pẹ̀lú ìrántí ìwà ipá, ìfìyàjẹni, àti ìbàjẹ́ iná. Myke fọ́ sínú ilé ìpamọ́ òkú kan tí ó kún fún àwọn mollies àti tamaras tí ó ti kú. Ó jó ilé náà palẹ̀, ó sì jí àwọn ewéko molly splin kan nínú iṣẹ́ náà. Ó gbọ́ pé ó kéré tán àwọn ẹranko ìgbẹ́ méjì ló wà. Ó pa wọ́n, ó sì fi hàn pé òun ni Mykhaila Southbourne, ìyá Molly àtilẹ̀wá. Myke kan si Vitali, ẹni tí ó gbèrò láti lo àwọn splin molly láti tún ìṣòro ìbímọ ṣe kárí ayé. Nínú ìrántí kan, Mykhaila jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tó sá kúrò sí USSR. Àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìkọ̀kọ̀ pẹ̀lú Vitali fún un ní abẹ́rẹ́ ohun ìjìnlẹ̀ kan, èyí sì jẹ́ kí ó lè ṣe àwọn ohun tí ó jọra. Ó bani nínú jẹ́ pé gbogbo àwọn ẹ̀dà náà jẹ́ ìwà ipá. Mykhaila padà sí UK, níbi tí ó ti pàdé ọkọ rẹ̀ Connor tí ó sì bí Molly. Lẹ́yìn tí molly kan pa Connor, Mykhaila lo ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀dà tirẹ̀ láti ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò ikú rẹ̀. Mykhaila fẹ́ pa gbogbo àwọn mollie tó kù báyìí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀san ikú Connor àti ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́. Molly àti àwọn àbúrò rẹ̀ obìnrin ni wọ́n kọlù láti ọwọ́ ẹranko molly onígbó. Wọ́n mú un, wọ́n sì dè é, wọ́n ń retí pé yóò dẹ́kun ìwà ipá nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín, àti pé wọ́n lè kó o sínú ìdílé wọn. Wọ́n pe orúkọ yìí ní molly Kathy. Tamara sún mọ́ ilé tí Molly ń gbé. Ó ní kí wọ́n fi Vitali ṣe àṣeyọrí. Àwọn ẹranko mollies onígbó púpọ̀ ló ń kọlu Molly. Myke dé. Ó pa Molina kí Molly tó pa á. Ní ọdún kan lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n mú Vitali, wọ́n sì ti rí àwọn ohun tí wọ́n jí ní ìran náà gbà. Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti lè ṣe àṣeyọrí nínú iṣẹ́ ìdàpọ̀ náà. Molly kọ̀ láti ṣiṣẹ́ fún Gove, ó sì ń ṣe kàyéfì bóyá ó yẹ kí ó kọ ìwé kan nípa àwọn ìrírí rẹ̀. == Gbigbawọle ati awọn ẹbun == Kristi Chadwick ti ''Library Journal'' fun iwe-akọọlẹ naa ni atunyẹwo olokiki kan, o yin awọn abuda ti awọn ẹda Molly ati itan naa, o kọwe pe "awọn akori ti irapada ati rii pe idile n gbe awọn nkan adojuru ikẹhin sinu ipo ninu jara ti o dun ati iyalẹnu yii." ''Publishers Weekly'' kọ̀wé pé “àwọn ojú ìwòye mìíràn tí ìwé ìtàn náà ní lè fa ìdààmú ọkàn” ṣùgbọ́n “àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìṣeré náà jẹ́ ohun tó lágbára àti ohun tó ń ru ìfẹ́ sókè, wọ́n sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá tó lágbára jùlọ àti tó wúni lórí jùlọ nínú ìwé ìtàn náà.” ''Ìwé The Legacy of Molly Southbourne'' gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ pàtàkì kan ní ayẹyẹ Philip K. Dick Awards ti ọdún 2023. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 5r3yt6dfpf20v2ojwjnefxwdj1r1yxb 0 84472 637065 2026-09-16T15:25:50Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352052906|A Spell of Good Things]]" 637065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=A Spell of Good Things|author=[[Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀]]|image=File:A_Spell_of_Good_Things.jpg|caption=|language=English|country=Nigeria|genre=Domestic fiction|publisher=[[Canongate Books]]|pages=|isbn=9781838856045|media_type=Print|pub_date=February 2023}} '''''Ìtàn Àròsọ Àwọn Ohun Rere''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ tí akọ̀wé ìtàn Nàìjíríà [[Ayobami Adebayo|Ayọ́bámi Adébáyọ̀]] kọ tí Canongate Books sì tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2023. Wọ́n yàn án fún [[ẹ̀bùn Booker]] ti ọdún 2023 wọ́n sì yan án fún ẹ̀bùn Dylan Thomas àti Encore Award . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Creamer|title=Caleb Azumah Nelson and Mary Jean Chan shortlisted for Dylan Thomas prize|journal=The Guardian}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Eniola jẹ́ ọ̀dọ́mọkùnrin kan tí ó ń lọ sí ilé-ìwé girama, ó sì wá láti inú ẹbí kan tí wọ́n wà ní ipò àárín tẹ́lẹ̀ rí, ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n ti wọ inú ipò òṣì lẹ́yìn tí bàbá rẹ̀ pàdánù iṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ nípa ìtàn. Eniola máa ń yọjú láàárín àwọn ènìyàn ní àdúgbò rẹ̀ nítorí gíga rẹ̀ tí ó kọjá ti ọjọ́-orí rẹ̀, èyí tí ó máa ń mú kí àwọn ènìyàn sábà máa rò pé ó ti dàgbà ju bí ó ṣe rí lọ. Àìsí iṣẹ́ fún bàbá rẹ̀ mú kí Eniola máa ṣe onírúurú iṣẹ́ kéékèèké láti lè bójú tó ara rẹ̀, títí kan ṣíṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún oníṣọ̀kan aṣọ kan ní àdúgbò àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ìránṣẹ́ mìíràn; nígbà mìíràn, ó tún máa ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní tọrọ oúnjẹ tàbí owó lọ́wọ́ àwọn ènìyàn láti lè kojú àwọn àìní rẹ̀. Láìka àwọn ipò líle tí ó dojú kọ sí, Eniola kò fi ìrètí rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ láti ní ọjọ́-ọ̀la tí ó dára àti láti ṣe àṣeyọrí ńlá nínú ìgbésí-ayé. Wuraola, ní ọwọ́ kejì ẹ̀wẹ̀, jẹ́ dókítà ọ̀dọ́ tó ṣàṣeyọrí láti ìdílé ọlọ́rọ̀ kan. Ìbáṣepọ̀ ìfẹ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Kunle, ọmọ olóṣèlú pàtàkì kan, fi kún ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìṣòro. Àwọn ipa ọ̀nà Eniola àti Wuraola pàdé láìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nígbà tí olóṣèlú kan ní agbègbè náà ní ìfẹ́ sí Eniola, èyí sì yí ìgbésí ayé wọn méjèèjì padà. Ipò náà ń burú sí i gidigidi nígbà tí wọ́n bá ń ṣe ìpàdé ìdílé, nítorí pé ìwà ipá tó bẹ́ sílẹ̀ ń da ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà rú, ó sì ń kó ìpayà bá àwùjọ wọn. Nípasẹ̀ ìtàn tó gbayì, Ayọ́bámi Adébáyọ̀ ṣàwárí ìyàtọ̀ tó wà láàrín àwọn tó ní àǹfààní àti àwọn aláìní ní Nàìjíríà, ó sì fi hàn pé ènìyàn tó ní àjọṣepọ̀ tó so gbogbo wọn pọ̀. == Àwọn Òṣèré == * Eniola * Baba Eniola * Wuraola * Kunle * Motara * Yeye == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 2vkknfefv3yc4ta7h6ejwd9wy1x5r7x 0 84473 637067 2026-09-16T15:26:59Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372360570|And So I Roar]]" 637067 wikitext text/x-wiki '''"And So I Roar'''" jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà, Abi Daré, kọ. Ile-iṣẹ́ Dutton ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2024, ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Ẹ̀bùn Ìtàn Àyíká Ojúọjọ́ ti ọdún 2025. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/may/14/abi-dare-wins-the-inaugural-climate-fiction-prize-and-so-i-roar|title=Abi Daré wins the inaugural Climate fiction prize|first=Ella|last=Creamer|date=14 May 2025|access-date=24 August 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=28 August 2025}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} c1ygpr361k5jfl2hlo2xtqmgzlaq8o5 0 84474 637068 2026-09-16T15:27:46Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345833640|Rose and the Burma Sky]]" 637068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Ìtàn ìfẹ́ Rose àti ojú ọ̀run Burma: Ìtàn ìfẹ́ tí kò ní àtúnṣe ọkàn ti ọmọ ogun dúdú kan ní ogun àgbáyé kejì''''' jẹ́ ìtàn ìtàn àròsọ láti ọwọ́ Rosanna Amaka tí Doubleday tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2023. Ó tẹ̀lé ìgbésí ayé Obi, ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan tí wọ́n kópa nínú ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun nígbà Ogun Àgbáyé Kejì láti lè yè pẹ̀lú Rose, obìnrin tí ó fẹ́ràn. Àwọn nǹkan yí padà sí ìbànújẹ́ nígbà tí Obi ṣàwárí pé Rose lóyún fún ọkùnrin mìíràn. <ref name="Pulse">{{Cite news|title=7 Nigerian books to read in 2023|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/7-nigerian-books-to-read-in-2023/9m4nm48|first1=Samiah|last=Ogunlowo|date=20 February 2023|journal=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|accessdate=16 August 2023}}</ref> Lucy Popescu ti iwe-irohin The Guardian ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò iṣẹ́ Amaka, ó sì sọ pé "bí ó ṣe máa ń tún àwọn nǹkan kan sọ léraléra máa ń fa ìdádúró díẹ̀ nínú ìtàn náà, ó sì sábà máa ń sọ fún wa nípa bí àwọn ohun-ìtàn rẹ̀ ṣe ń nímọ̀lára dípò kí ó jẹ́ kí ìṣe wọn fúnra wọn sọ̀rọ̀ fún wọn"; síbẹ̀, ó yin bí ó ṣe gbé ọ̀rọ̀ nípa ẹ̀yà-ìyàsọ́tọ̀ àti bí ogun ṣe sọ ìgbésí-ayé di asán kalẹ̀. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 9gbbp2nu1i1v8nyp094cwzmzkpnswr1 0 84475 637069 2026-09-16T15:31:14Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1279380174|When We Were Fireflies]]" 637069 wikitext text/x-wiki Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ tí Abubakar Adam Ibrahim kọ tí Masobe Books sì tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2023 ni, '''''“When We Were Fireflies''''' .” == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Olukorede Yishau, ninu kikọ rẹ fun 'Àtúnyẹ̀wò Lagos', fi iwe naa wé 'Ọgọ́rùn-ún Ọdún Ìdánìkanwà' ti Gabriel García Márquez ati 'Ọ̀nà tí Ebi Ń Pa' ti Ben Okri pẹlu iyin,[1] nibi ti o ti yìn "ọna kikọ rẹ ti o peye ti o si lẹwa".<ref name="Lagos2">{{cite web|title=A magical story of love, hate, redemption and forgiveness: A review of Abubakar Adam Ibrahim's ''When We Were Fireflies''|first=Olukorede S .|last=Yishau|author-link=Olukorede Yishau|url=https://thelagosreview.ng/a-magical-story-of-love-hate-redemption-and-forgiveness-a-review-of-abubakar-adam-ibrahims-when-we-were-fireflies-olukorede-s-yishau/|date=14 May 2023|access-date=17 August 2023|website=[[The Lagos Review]]}}</ref>Michael Chiedoziem Chukwudera ti 'Ìwé-ìròyìn Open Country' fun un ni ami iyin ti irawọ 3.5, o si sọ pe o jẹ "ọkan lara awọn iwe itan ti o dara julọ ti igba yii lati orilẹ-ede Naijiria". Mejeeji Yishuau ati Chukwudera yin ọna ti Ibrahim n gba kọwe, eyi ti o jẹ idapọ laarin ọrọ lasan ati ewi.<ref name="Country" /> <ref name="Lagos">{{Cite web|url=Olukorede Yishau}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} f2m0nqlvm3icd0v6g9ssdrqcnrleayi 0 84476 637070 2026-09-16T15:39:21Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1300004237|American Leopard Hound]]" 637070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "United Kennel Club" (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni American Kennel Club 's Foundation Stock Service. hujvydt7haro23hmspxffdou81oxcr3 637071 637070 2026-09-16T15:39:55Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "United Kennel Club" (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni American Kennel Club 's Foundation Stock Service. fzxgfjxpgz6s9j7une79b6ejc68aydz 637072 637071 2026-09-16T15:41:10Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> nfow60lvay5carpvca38ga8jjv3d79g 637073 637072 2026-09-16T15:49:58Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> l4wy5fdt0418fkeyqfl3pekmogxbn8v 637074 637073 2026-09-16T15:56:08Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ */ 637074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> ==Ìtàn == Ajáa American Leopard Hound òun ni wón gbàgbó wípe ní Ó wà láti inú ìran àwọn ajá tí [[Spanish conquistador]] kò wá láti Mexico wá sí Kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì Amẹ́ríkà tuntun. Lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn tí wọ́n má ń ṣọdẹ ẹranko "bear" kò wọn lọ sí ilé United States. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, aájò UKC fi orúkọ wọn lélè gẹ́gẹ́bi "Leopard Cur" ni Ọdún 1998. Wọn yí orúkọ na padà sí American Leopard Hound ni Ọdún 2008.<ref name="ukcdogs.com"/> While the American Leopard Hound is not formally recognized by the AKC, it is in their Foundation Stock Service,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/groups/foundation-stock-service/|title=Foundation Stock Service|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> and has been since 2012.<ref name="akc.org" /> 5ap5vsubj076mftdxr3l6zz6z0qa1tj 637075 637074 2026-09-16T15:56:43Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìtàn */ 637075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> ==Ìtàn == Ajáa American Leopard Hound òun ni wón gbàgbó wípe ní Ó wà láti inú ìran àwọn ajá tí [[Spanish conquistador]] kò wá láti Mexico wá sí Kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì Amẹ́ríkà tuntun. Lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn tí wọ́n má ń ṣọdẹ ẹranko "bear" kò wọn lọ sí ilé United States. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, aájò UKC fi orúkọ wọn lélè gẹ́gẹ́bi "Leopard Cur" ni Ọdún 1998. Wọn yí orúkọ na padà sí American Leopard Hound ni Ọdún 2008.<ref name="ukcdogs.com"/> While the American Leopard Hound is not formally recognized by the AKC, it is in their Foundation Stock Service,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/groups/foundation-stock-service/|title=Foundation Stock Service|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> and has been since 2012.<ref name="akc.org" /> ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[List of dog breeds]] * [[Catahoula Leopard Dog]] tktj0gatfeywz2hhqq7bip1zaad8w4y 637076 637075 2026-09-16T15:56:59Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò */ 637076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> ==Ìtàn == Ajáa American Leopard Hound òun ni wón gbàgbó wípe ní Ó wà láti inú ìran àwọn ajá tí [[Spanish conquistador]] kò wá láti Mexico wá sí Kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì Amẹ́ríkà tuntun. Lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn tí wọ́n má ń ṣọdẹ ẹranko "bear" kò wọn lọ sí ilé United States. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, aájò UKC fi orúkọ wọn lélè gẹ́gẹ́bi "Leopard Cur" ni Ọdún 1998. Wọn yí orúkọ na padà sí American Leopard Hound ni Ọdún 2008.<ref name="ukcdogs.com"/> While the American Leopard Hound is not formally recognized by the AKC, it is in their Foundation Stock Service,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/groups/foundation-stock-service/|title=Foundation Stock Service|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> and has been since 2012.<ref name="akc.org" /> ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[List of dog breeds]] * [[Catahoula Leopard Dog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== n0pxfkrfqbdb5k4jysyaha0u3jihq3d 637077 637076 2026-09-16T15:57:42Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò */ 637077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> ==Ìtàn == Ajáa American Leopard Hound òun ni wón gbàgbó wípe ní Ó wà láti inú ìran àwọn ajá tí [[Spanish conquistador]] kò wá láti Mexico wá sí Kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì Amẹ́ríkà tuntun. Lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn tí wọ́n má ń ṣọdẹ ẹranko "bear" kò wọn lọ sí ilé United States. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, aájò UKC fi orúkọ wọn lélè gẹ́gẹ́bi "Leopard Cur" ni Ọdún 1998. Wọn yí orúkọ na padà sí American Leopard Hound ni Ọdún 2008.<ref name="ukcdogs.com"/> While the American Leopard Hound is not formally recognized by the AKC, it is in their Foundation Stock Service,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/groups/foundation-stock-service/|title=Foundation Stock Service|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> and has been since 2012.<ref name="akc.org" /> ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[:en:Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[:en:List_of_dog_breeds|List of dog breeds]] * [[:en:Catahoula_Leopard_Dog|Catahoula Leopard Dog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== cpi0a9s2d1q4c17nv947ztcp7u4n8il 637078 637077 2026-09-16T15:58:28Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìtàn */ 637078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox dog breed |name = American Leopard Hound |image = American Leopard Hound.jpg |country= United States |height = 21-27 inches |weight= 35-75 pounds |coat= Short and smooth |color= Blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, brindle, with white or other color of spotting <!-----Kennel club standards-----> | kc_name = [[United Kennel Club]] | kc_std = https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound- | fcistd = }} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> ==Ìtàn == Ajáa American Leopard Hound òun ni wón gbàgbó wípe ní Ó wà láti inú ìran àwọn ajá tí àwọn "[[:en:Spanish_conquistador|Spanish conquistador]]" kò wá láti ilè Mexico wá sí Kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì Amẹ́ríkà tuntun. Lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn tí wọ́n má ń ṣọdẹ ẹranko "bear" kò wọn lọ sí ilé United States. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, aájò UKC fi orúkọ wọn lélè gẹ́gẹ́bi "Leopard Cur" ni Ọdún 1998. Wọn yí orúkọ na padà sí American Leopard Hound ni Ọdún 2008.<ref name="ukcdogs.com"/> While the American Leopard Hound is not formally recognized by the AKC, it is in their Foundation Stock Service,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/groups/foundation-stock-service/|title=Foundation Stock Service|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> and has been since 2012.<ref name="akc.org" /> ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[:en:Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[:en:List_of_dog_breeds|List of dog breeds]] * [[:en:Catahoula_Leopard_Dog|Catahoula Leopard Dog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== qhosl627k2vzn7af5udb4lq0npbtcpv 637079 637078 2026-09-16T15:59:13Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[:en:United_Kennel_Club|United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[:en:American_Kennel_Club|American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> ==Ìtàn == Ajáa American Leopard Hound òun ni wón gbàgbó wípe ní Ó wà láti inú ìran àwọn ajá tí àwọn "[[:en:Spanish_conquistador|Spanish conquistador]]" kò wá láti ilè Mexico wá sí Kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì Amẹ́ríkà tuntun. Lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn tí wọ́n má ń ṣọdẹ ẹranko "bear" kò wọn lọ sí ilé United States. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, aájò UKC fi orúkọ wọn lélè gẹ́gẹ́bi "Leopard Cur" ni Ọdún 1998. Wọn yí orúkọ na padà sí American Leopard Hound ni Ọdún 2008.<ref name="ukcdogs.com"/> While the American Leopard Hound is not formally recognized by the AKC, it is in their Foundation Stock Service,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/groups/foundation-stock-service/|title=Foundation Stock Service|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> and has been since 2012.<ref name="akc.org" /> ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[:en:Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[:en:List_of_dog_breeds|List of dog breeds]] * [[:en:Catahoula_Leopard_Dog|Catahoula Leopard Dog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== si27w7ta2dhzttzxavvidnkuatpj5m6 637118 637079 2026-09-17T02:33:52Z InternetArchiveBot 22272 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 637118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Leopard Cur|Leopard Dog|Catahoula Leopard dog}} '''Ajá American Leopard Hound je''' je Irúfẹ́ ajá-ọdẹ Amẹ́ríkà tó ní àwọ̀ ẹranko àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ni ara. Ẹgbé àwọn olùtọ́jú Ajá "[[:en:United_Kennel_Club|United Kennel Club]] (UKC) ṣe àfihàn rẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ajá-ọdẹ afọwóòórùn-mọ̀nà, ó sì wà ni [[:en:American_Kennel_Club|American Kennel Club]]'s Foundation Stock Service.<ref name="ukcdogs.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|title=Breed Standards: American Leopard Hound|publisher=[[United Kennel Club]]|website=|accessdate=16 August 2017|archive-date=13 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713063417/https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-leopard-hound-|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="akc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-leopard-hound/|title=American Leopard Hound Dog Breed Information|first=|last=|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> ==Àwọn Ìwà ìdánimọ̀ rẹ̀ == Ajáa American Leopard Hound je ajá tí ó wà ní ìwọ̀n ẹsẹ̀ bàtà 21 sí 27 (53-68cm) ní ìwọ̀n gíga tí ó sì lè tóbi tó ìwọ̀n poun 35 sí 75 (15-35kg). Ó jẹ́ irúfé ẹ̀yà ajá tí ó ní àwọ̀ àmọ̀tẹ́kùn lára tí ó sì le ní àwọ̀ iná, búlù, Merle, brindle, dúdú tàbí àwọ̀ mìíràn tí àwọn funfun sì lè jẹ ìdámẹ́ta nínú àwò ara rẹ. Irun ara Ajáa American Leopard Hound je eyi ti o kéré, tí ó kún, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀nba etí kékeré, tí ó sì lè ní ẹyin ojú aláwò résúrésú iná, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀ tàbí búlù. Wọn jẹ ajá ode. Wọn má ń gbó láti dáàbò bò òun ti ń bá be ní agbègbè wọn tí wọ́n sì tún lè gun igi láti ṣọdẹ <ref name="ukcdogs.com" /> ==Ìtàn == Ajáa American Leopard Hound òun ni wón gbàgbó wípe ní Ó wà láti inú ìran àwọn ajá tí àwọn "[[:en:Spanish_conquistador|Spanish conquistador]]" kò wá láti ilè Mexico wá sí Kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì Amẹ́ríkà tuntun. Lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn tí wọ́n má ń ṣọdẹ ẹranko "bear" kò wọn lọ sí ilé United States. Ní ìgbà tí ó yá, aájò UKC fi orúkọ wọn lélè gẹ́gẹ́bi "Leopard Cur" ni Ọdún 1998. Wọn yí orúkọ na padà sí American Leopard Hound ni Ọdún 2008.<ref name="ukcdogs.com"/> While the American Leopard Hound is not formally recognized by the AKC, it is in their Foundation Stock Service,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/groups/foundation-stock-service/|title=Foundation Stock Service|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|accessdate=16 August 2017}}</ref> and has been since 2012.<ref name="akc.org" /> ==Yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò== * [[:en:Portal:Dogs|Dogs portal]] * [[:en:List_of_dog_breeds|List of dog breeds]] * [[:en:Catahoula_Leopard_Dog|Catahoula Leopard Dog]] ==Ìtọ́kasí== fvzo2q7oecr8ycwc2uozj7g5okk6koh 0 84477 637080 2026-09-16T16:18:17Z ToluT15 33915 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374966570|Great Zimbabwe]]" 637080 wikitext text/x-wiki   Great Zimbabwe jẹ́ ìlú kan ní agbègbè àwọn òkè ní apá gúúsù-ìlà-oòrùn orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe ti òde-òní, nítòsí Masvingo. Àwọn ènìyàn bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní gbé níbẹ̀ láti nǹkan bí ọdún 1000 AD, ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olú-ìlú fún Ìjọba Great Zimbabwe láti ọ̀rúndún kẹtàlá. Òun ni ilé tàbí ètò-ilé tí a fi òkúta kọ́ tí ó tóbi jùlọ ní Gúúsù Áfíríkà kí àwọn aláìlẹ́gbẹ́-òfin-ìjọba (àwọn amúnisìn) tó dé. Iṣẹ́ ìkọ́lé pàtàkì ní ìlú náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlá títí dé ọ̀rúndún kẹèẹ́dógún, wọ́n sì kọ̀ ọ́ sílẹ̀ ní ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún tàbí kẹtàdínlógún.[1][2][3] Àwọn baba-ńlá àwọn ènìyàn Shona, tí wọ́n ń gbé ní Zimbabwe àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó wà ní àyíká rẹ̀ ní báyìí, ló kọ́ àwọn ilé wọ̀nyí.[4] Ìlú òkúta náà gba ààyè tí ó tó 7.22 square kilometres (2.79 mi²). Àwọn ìṣirò iye àwọn ènìyàn tí ó wà níbẹ̀ yàtọ̀ síra wọn. Àwọn ìṣirò àtijọ́ fi hàn pé iye àwọn ènìyàn lè ti tó 20,000 ní àkókò tí ó pọ̀ jùlọ. Ìwádìí kan láìpẹ́ yìí, tí ó lo àwọn ẹ̀rí nípa iṣẹ́ àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ohun ìṣẹ̀ḿbáyé (archaeology), ẹ̀kọ́ nípa àṣà àti ìgbésí-ayé àwọn ènìyàn (ethnography), àti ìtàn, pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà ìṣirò, fi hàn pé iye àwọn ènìyàn ní ibi náà kò ju 10,000 lọ.[5] Ó ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí ìjọba Zimbabwe tí ó dá lórí ìlú yìí bò ó tó 50,000 km² (19,000 sq mi).[3] UNESCO ti dá a mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ibùdó Ààbò Ohun-ìní Àgbáyé (World Heritage Site). Aaye Great Zimbabwe ni awọn apakan mẹta ninu: Hill Complex, Valley Complex, ati Great Enclosure (eyiti a kọ ni awọn akoko oriṣiriṣi); o tun ni awọn agbegbe fun ile awọn ara-ilu lasan laarin awọn odi ti o yi i ka. Awọn oniwadi ni ero ti o yatọ si ara wọn nipa iṣẹ ti awọn apakan wọnyi n ṣe. Awọn kan gbagbọ pe awọn ibi wọnyi jẹ ibugbe fun awọn ọmọ-ọba ati awọn ọlọla ni awọn akoko oriṣiriṣi, nigba ti awọn miiran ro pe iṣẹ ti o yatọ si ara wọn ni wọn n ṣe. Great Enclosure, pẹlu awọn odi rẹ ti a fi okuta kọ laisi lilo simenti tabi amọ (ti giga rẹ to mita 11 tabi ẹsẹ-bata 36), ni a kọ ni ọrundun kẹtala ati kẹrinla; o ṣee ṣe ki o jẹ ibugbe fun awọn ọba, pẹlu awọn aaye ti a ya sọtọ fun awọn ayẹyẹ tabi iṣe ẹsin ti gbogbo eniyan le kopa ninu rẹ.[1] Àwọn ìbẹ̀wò àkọ́kọ́ tí àwọn ará Yúróòpù ti fìdí múlẹ̀ wáyé ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìwádìí lórí ibi tí a ti ṣe é bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1871. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Fleminger|first=David|title=Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape|year=2008|publisher=30 Degrees South|isbn=978-0-9584891-5-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pp2VcW9_Z4QC&q=white+great+zimbabwe&pg=PA61|page=57}}</ref> Àwọn oníṣòwò ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ilẹ̀ Yúróòpù jí àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ilẹ̀ Zimbabwe àti àwọn ibi tí ó yí i ká láàárín ọdún 1890 sí 1920. Àwọn ìwádìí díẹ̀ nípa ìrántí náà lẹ́yìn náà jẹ́ àríyànjiyàn, nítorí pé ìjọba àwọn aláwọ̀ funfun ti Rhodesia fipá mú àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ìtàn ilẹ̀ ayé láti sẹ́ pé àwọn aláwọ̀ dúdú ará Áfíríkà kọ́ ọ. Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní Áfíríkà di ohun tí gbogbo ènìyàn gbàgbọ́ ní ọdún 1950. Láti ìgbà náà ni ìjọba Zimbabwe ti gba orílẹ̀-èdè náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ibi ìrántí orílẹ̀-èdè, wọ́n sì sọ orúkọ orílẹ̀-èdè olómìnira òde òní ní orúkọ rẹ̀. Ọ̀rọ̀ náà ''Great'' fi ìyàtọ̀ hàn láàárín àwọn àwókù kéékèèké tí a mọ̀ sí " ''zimbabwes'' ", tàbí "àwọn ilé òkúta", tí ó tàn káàkiri Zimbabwe Highveld . <ref name="sibanda">M. Sibanda, H. Moyana et al. 1992. ''The African Heritage. History for Junior Secondary Schools. Book 1''. Zimbabwe Publishing House. {{ISBN|978-0-908300-00-6}}</ref> A ti ṣàwárí àwọn ibi tó lé ní 400 jákèjádò Gúúsù Áfíríkà, bíi Bumbusi ní Zimbabwe àti Manyikeni ní Mozambique, pẹ̀lú àwọn ògiri ńláńlá tí kò ní àmọ̀. <ref name="antiquity">{{Cite journal|title=Inside and outside the dry stone walls: revisiting the material culture of Great Zimbabwe|url=free}}</ref> == Orúkọ ==   [[File:Conical_tower.jpg|left|thumb| Ilé gogoro onígun mẹ́rin tó wà nínú Ààbò Ńlá ní Great Zimbabwe]] Orúkọ àwọn àwókù ìlú Sónà ni ''Sònà'', Vicente Pegado, olórí ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun Sofala ti ilẹ̀ Portugal ló kọ́kọ́ kọ sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1531. Pegado ṣe akiyesi pe "Awọn ọmọ ilu orilẹ-ede naa pe awọn ile wọnyi {{Lang|pt|Symbaoe}}, èyí tí gẹ́gẹ́ bí èdè wọn ṣe túmọ̀ sí 'ààfin ' . <ref name="Newitt 2002 39">{{Cite book|author=Newitt|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=0-7546-0181-1}}</ref> Orúkọ náà ní {{Lang|sn|dzimba}} nínú, ọ̀rọ̀ Shona fún 'ilé'. Àwọn ìlànà méjì ló wà fún ìtumọ̀ orúkọ náà. Ni igba akọkọ ti o tanmo wipe ọrọ ti wa ni yo lati {{Lang|sn|Dzimba-dze-mabwe}}, tí a túmọ̀ láti Shona gẹ́gẹ́ bí “àwọn ilé ńlá tí a fi òkúta ṣe” ( {{Lang|sn|dzimba}} = ọpọ ti {{Lang|sn|imba}}, 'ilé'; {{Lang|sn|mabwe}} = ọpọ ti {{Lang|sn|ibwe}}, 'òkúta'). <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Shona Class 5 revisited: a case against *ri as Class 5 nominal prefix|url=http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/African%20Journals/pdfs/Journal%20of%20the%20University%20of%20Zimbabwe/vol21n1/juz021001005.pdf}}. See also {{Cite journal|title=Mediated monuments and national identity}}</ref> Èkejì fihàn pé ''Zimbabwe'' jẹ́ irú àdéhùn ti {{Lang|sn-ZW|dzimba-hwe}}, èyí tí ó túmọ̀ sí ‘àwọn ilé tí a bọ̀wọ̀ fún’ ní èdè Zezuru ti Shona, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe sábà máa ń lò ó fún àwọn ilé tàbí ibojì àwọn olórí. == Ìtàn àti àpèjúwe == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[File:Great-Zimbabwe.jpg|right|thumb| Àkótán nípa Nlá Zimbabwe. Ilé ìkọ́lé ńlá tí a fi ògiri ṣe ni Àpótí Ńlá. A lè rí àwọn àṣẹ́kù àfonífojì náà níwájú rẹ̀.]] [[File:140_of_'The_Ruined_Cities_of_Mashonaland-_being_a_record_of_excavation_and_exploration_in_1891_..._With_a_chapter_on_the_orientation_and_mensuration_of_the_temples_by_R._M._W._Swan._(With_plates.)'_(11217936264).jpg|thumb| Ètò ilé náà (a kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde nínú ìwé JT Bent’s ''Ruined Cities of Mashonaland'', London, 1892, lẹ́yìn ojú ìwé 121).]] Agbègbè Great Zimbabwe ni [[Bushmen|San]] ti gbé tẹ́lẹ̀, tí ó ti wà ní nǹkan bí ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún 100,000, {{Efn|Some scholars contest that cultures and identities cannot be considered fixed or invariable, especially over such a long time period.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/primordialism-and-the-pleistocene-san-of-southern-africa/45D6E61597C34A496AB5A0B6FA1C7632 |last1=Pargeter |first1=Justin |last2=Mackay |first2=Alex |last3=Mitchell |first3=Peter |last4=Shea |first4=John |last5=Stewart |first5=Brian |title=Primordialism and the 'Pleistocene San' of southern Africa |year=2016 |journal=Antiquity |volume=90 |issue=352}}</ref>}} àti, bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 150 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni, láti ọwọ́ [[Bàntú|àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ń sọ èdè Bantu]], tí wọ́n dá àwọn olórí àgbẹ̀ sílẹ̀ láti ọ̀rúndún kẹrin Sànmánì Kristẹni. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Mlambo|first=A. S.|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofzimbabw0000mlam/mode/2up?view=theater|title=A history of Zimbabwe|date=2014}}</ref> : 11–12 Láàárín ọ̀rúndún kẹrin sí ìkeje, àwọn agbègbè àṣà Gokomere tàbí Ziwa ló ń ṣe oko ní àfonífojì náà, wọ́n sì ń wa igi, wọ́n sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ irin, ṣùgbọ́n wọn kò kọ́ àwọn ilé òkúta kankan. <ref name="antiquity" /> Àwọn wọ̀nyí ni àwọn ibùgbé ìgbàanì Iron ní agbègbè tí a dá mọ̀ láti inú àwọn ìwakùsà ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé, àti pé [[Gumanye people|àwọn ènìyàn Gumanye]] tí ó tẹ̀lé e ni a kà sí àwọn baba ńlá Karanga (gúúsù-ààrin Shona ), {{Efn|The term ''Karanga'' began as an exonym of the Shona used by outsiders, however in the modern day it refers to a dialect of Shona in south-central Zimbabwe.<ref>{{cite book |title=Becoming Zimbabwe: a history from the pre-colonial period to 2008 |year=2009 |url=https://archive.org/details/becomingzimbabwe0000unse |last1=Raftopoulos |first1=Brian |last2=Mlambo |first2=Alois|isbn=978-1-77922-083-7 }}</ref>{{rp|page=4}}}} tí yóò kọ́ Great Zimbabwe. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chirikure|first=Shadreck|date=2013-12-01|title=New Pathways of Sociopolitical Complexity in Southern Africa|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-013-9142-3}}</ref> === Ìkọ́lé àti ìdàgbàsókè === Kíkọ́ àwọn ilé òkúta bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlá, ó sì tẹ̀síwájú fún ohun tó lé ní ọgọ́rùn-ún mẹ́ta (300) ọdún. Iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti màlúù kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè àjọṣepọ̀ àwùjọ pàtàkì kan, wọ́n sì ṣiṣẹ́ láti "mú kí ìṣàkóso àwọn ọjà àti iṣẹ́ tí a pín gẹ́gẹ́ bí àǹfààní láàrín àwọn ilé ìṣèlú àti àwùjọ ìbílẹ̀", nígbà tí ìṣòwò jíjìnnà réré ṣe pàtàkì fún ìyípadà àwọn àjọ agbègbè sí àwọn ti agbègbè. <ref name="Pikirayi-2020">{{Citation|title=Great Zimbabwe, 1100–1600 AD, Rise, Development, and Demise of}}</ref> Àwọn ọmọ ìjọba lo ọrọ̀ wọn láti fi {{Lang|sn|daga}} tó nípọn kọ́ ilé ( amọ̀ ilẹ̀), dípò {{Lang|sn|daga}} àti àwọn òpó, wọ́n sì kọ́ àwọn ògiri òkúta láti dáàbò bò ara wọn kúrò lọ́wọ́ àwọn ènìyàn. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Beach|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/The_Shona_Zimbabwe_900_1850.html?id=Wzx1AAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y|title=The Shona & Zimbabwe 900-1850: An Outline of Shona History|publisher=Pearson Education|isbn=978-0-435-94505-3}}</ref> : 42 Iṣẹ́ tí a mẹ́nu kàn lókè yìí yára tẹ̀síwájú ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàlá, wọ́n sì kọ́ àwọn ògiri ńláńlá tí a fi òkúta gbígbẹ kọ́. <ref name="Pikirayi-20202">{{Citation|title=Great Zimbabwe, 1100–1600 AD, Rise, Development, and Demise of}}</ref> Àwọn àwókù tó wà ní Great Zimbabwe jẹ́ díẹ̀ lára àwọn ilé tó ti pẹ́ jùlọ àti tó tóbi jùlọ tó wà ní Gúúsù Áfíríkà. Ilé rẹ̀ tó lágbára jùlọ, tí wọ́n sábà máa ń pè ní Ààbò Ńlá, ní àwọn ògiri tó ga tó {{Convert|11|m|ft}} tó ń gùn tó nǹkan bí {{Convert|250|m|ft}} . Ìdàgbàsókè rẹ̀ ni a ti so mọ́ ìdínkù Mapungubwe láti nǹkan bí ọdún 1300, tàbí wíwà wúrà ní agbègbè Great Zimbabwe. <ref name="Zambezia">{{Cite journal|author=Gilbert Pwiti|pages=119–129}}</ref> Ṣíṣe àgbékalẹ̀ èrò ìṣèlú àti ẹ̀sìn ti Great Zimbabwe ṣiṣẹ́ láti fi ìdí ipò ọba múlẹ̀ ( {{Lang|sn|[[mambo (title)|mambo]]}} ), pẹ̀lú ìsopọ̀ láàárín àwọn olórí, àwọn baba ńlá wọn, àti Ọlọ́run . <ref name=":62">{{Cite journal|author=Kim|pages=1–34}}</ref> <ref name=":72">{{Cite journal|author=Huffman|pages=4–39}}</ref> Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ken Mufuka ti sọ, ibi ìsìnkú ní Òkè Complex ni ilé àwọn abẹ́mìílò ( {{Lang|sn|[[svikiro]]}} ) tí wọ́n yàn láti máa ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀rí ọkàn ìjọba, àti láti máa pa àṣà àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ mọ́, tí ó sọ pé [[Chigwagu Rusvingo]] ( {{Lang|sn|mambo}} àkọ́kọ́) ni ), [[Chaminuka]], Chimurenga, [[Tovera]], ati [[Soro-rezhou]] laarin awọn miiran (wo {{Lang|sn|[[mhondoro]]}} ) <ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-45670-2}}</ref> Àwọn ìṣirò àtọwọ́dọ́wọ́ ni pé Great Zimbabwe ní tó ẹgbẹ̀rún méjìdínlógún (18,000) olùgbé ní àkókò tí ó ga jùlọ. <ref name="contested">{{Cite book|last=Kuklick|first=Henrika|title=Colonial situations: essays on the contextualization of ethnographic knowledge}}</ref> Sibẹsibẹ, iwadi tuntun kan pari pe iye awọn eniyan ko le kọja 10,000. <ref name="Chirikure 2017">{{Cite journal|last=Chirikure, S.|title=What was the population of Great Zimbabwe (CE1000 – 1800)|url=free}}</ref> Àwọn àwókù tó ṣẹ́kù ni wọ́n fi òkúta kọ́ pátápátá; wọ́n gùn tó {{Convert|1800|acre|ha}} . Orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe Ńlá kan náà ní agbègbè kan náà pẹ̀lú ìlú London ìgbàanì ; nígbà tí iye àwọn ilé tó wà nínú àwọn ibi tí wọ́n fi òkúta sí pọ̀, ní àwọn agbègbè tó wà níta wọn, ó kéré gan-an. <ref name="Pikirayi 2020">{{Citation|title=Great Zimbabwe, 1100–1600 AD, Rise, Development, and Demise of}}</ref> Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn ló ń gbé nínú àwọn ilé tí a fi ẹrẹ̀ ṣe lórí àwọn ilé onígi, <ref name=":62" /> ṣùgbọ́n a lè ṣírò iye wọn nìkan. A gbà pé àwọn ilé olókìkí tàbí ilé ọba ni àwọn ilé olókìkí àti àwọn ilé olókìkí. A kò rí ìsìnkú kankan ní ibi ìsìnkú náà láti fúnni ní ìpìlẹ̀ mìíràn láti ṣírò iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n wà níbẹ̀. <ref name="Chirikure 2017" /> === Àwọn ẹ̀yà ara ìdọ̀tí náà === Ni 1531, Vicente Pegado, Balogun Garrison Portuguese ti Sofala, ṣapejuwe Zimbabwe bayi: <ref name="Newitt 2002 39" />   [[File:Eastern-enclosure-great-zimbabwe.jpg|right|thumb| Wo ìwọ̀ oòrùn láti Eastern Enclosure of the Hill Complex, tí ó fi òkúta granite tí ó jọ ẹyẹ Zimbabwe àti bálíkónì hàn.]] Àwọn àlàpà náà para pọ̀ di ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́ta ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ tí wọ́n ń kọ́ ilé. Wọ́n mọ̀ wọ́n sí Hill Complex, Valley Complex àti Great Enclosure. Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ òkè ni ó pẹ́ jùlọ, wọ́n sì ń gbé ibẹ̀ láti ọ̀rúndún kọkànlá sí ìkẹtàlá. Wọ́n gbé Ààbò Ńlá náà láti ọ̀rúndún kẹtàlá sí ìkẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún, àti Ààbò Àfonífojì láti ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá sí ìkẹrìndínlógún. <ref name="antiquity" /> Àwọn ohun pàtàkì tó wà nínú Ilé Ìtajà Òkè náà ni Ilé Ìtajà Òkè, níbi tí wọ́n ti rò pé àwọn Ẹyẹ Zimbabwe dúró sí, ibi ìtajà bànkóló gíga kan tó ń wo Ilé Ìtajà Òkè, àti àpáta ńlá kan tó rí bíi ti Ẹyẹ Zimbabwe. Àpótí Ńlá náà jẹ́ ògiri inú, tí ó yí àwọn ilé kan ká àti ògiri òde kékeré kan. Ilé Gogoro Konika, {{Convert|18|ft|m}} ní ìwọ̀n iwọ̀n àti {{Convert|30|ft|m|0}} gíga, ni a kọ́ láàrín àwọn ògiri méjèèjì. A pín Àfonífojì sí Àwókù Àfonífojì Òkè àti Ìsàlẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn àkókò ìṣiṣẹ́ ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀. <ref name="antiquity" /> [[File:Great-zim-aerial-looking-SE.JPG|thumb| Ìwò ojú ọ̀run tí ó ń wo gúúsù ìlà-oòrùn, Hill Complex ní iwájú]] Oríṣiríṣi ìtumọ̀ àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ló wà fún àwọn ẹgbẹ́ wọ̀nyí. Wọ́n ti dámọ̀ràn pé àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ náà dúró fún iṣẹ́ àwọn ọba tó tẹ̀lé e: àwọn kan lára àwọn alákòóso tuntun náà dá ilé tuntun sílẹ̀. <ref name="current">{{Cite journal|title=Cognitive Archaeology and Imaginary History at Great Zimbabwe}}</ref> Agbára ìdarí náà gbéra láti Ilé-iṣẹ́ Òkè ní ọ̀rúndún kejìlá, sí Àgọ́ Ńlá, Àfonífojì Òkè àti ní ìparí Àfonífojì Ìsàlẹ̀ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. <ref name="antiquity" /> Ìtumọ̀ mìíràn tí a tún mọ̀ sí "olùkọ́ ilé" ni pé àwọn ilé tó yàtọ̀ síra ní iṣẹ́ tó yàtọ̀ síra: Ilé Òkè gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbègbè fún àwọn ààtò, bóyá tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú bí òjò ṣe ń rọ̀, ilé Àfonífojì náà wà fún àwọn aráàlú, ọba sì lo Àpótí Ńlá náà. Àwọn ilé tí ó ṣe pàtàkì jù bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ni a ṣe fún àwọn ọba, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a ti jiyàn pé ọjọ́ tí a rí àwọn ohun tí ó wà nínú àwọn ilé náà kò ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún ìtumọ̀ yìí. <ref>{{Cite journal|title=The chronology of the Valley Enclosures: implications for the interpretation of Great Zimbabwe}}</ref> [[Dhaka pits|Àwọn ihò Dhaka]] jẹ́ àwọn ihò tí a ti sé tí àwọn olùgbé Great Zimbabwe ń lò gẹ́gẹ́ bí orísun ìṣàkóso omi ní ìrísí àwọn adágún omi, kànga àti àwọn ìsun omi. Ó ṣeé ṣe kí wọ́n ti ń lo àwọn ihò Dhaka láti àárín ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún kejì Sànmánì Tiwa, ètò náà sì lè gba ohun tó ju {{Convert|18000|m3|cuft}} lọ. ti ibi ipamọ omi. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Innocent|first=Pikirayi|title=Climate-smart harvesting and storing of water: The legacy of dhaka pits at Great Zimbabwe}}</ref> [[File:Zim-bird.jpg|right|thumb| Àwòrán ère òkúta ọṣẹ ẹyẹ Zimbabwe]] Àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé pàtàkì jùlọ tí a rí láti inú ìrántí náà ni àwọn ẹyẹ mẹ́jọ ti Zimbabwe . Wọ́n gbẹ́ ìwọ̀nyí láti inú òkúta onígun mẹ́ta (micaceous schist ) lórí orí àwọn monoliths gíga ènìyàn. Àwọn ihò tó wà ní pátákó kan ní Eastern Enclosure of the Hill Complex dàbí èyí tí a ṣe láti gbé àwọn ẹyẹ Zimbabwe mọ́ra, ṣùgbọ́n nítorí pé wọn kò rí wọn níbẹ̀, a kò le mọ ibi tí gbogbo ẹyẹ àti ẹyẹ tó wà nínú pátákó náà wà tẹ́lẹ̀. Àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá mìíràn pẹ̀lú àwọn ère òkúta oníṣẹ́ ọwọ́ (ọ̀kan nínú wọn wà ní Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá Ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ), àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá amọ̀, àwọn irin gong, eyín erin tí a fi ọgbọ́n ṣe, wáyà irin àti bàbà, àwọn ọkọ́ irin, àwọn ọ̀kọ̀ idẹ, àwọn ingot bàbà àti àwọn ohun ìkòkò, àti àwọn ìlẹ̀kẹ̀ wúrà, àwọn ẹ̀gbà ọwọ́, àwọn ohun ìkọ́ àti àpò. Àwọn ilẹ̀kẹ̀ dígí àti porcelaini láti orílẹ̀-èdè China àti Persia pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá àjèjì mìíràn ni a tún rí, èyí tí ó jẹ́rìí sí àjọṣepọ̀ ìṣòwò kárí-ayé ti ìjọba náà. Àwọn àwókù òkúta ńláńlá tó ṣẹ́kù ní ìlú ńlá náà ní àwọn ẹyẹ onípele mẹ́jọ tí wọ́n ní ohun èlò orin. A gbàgbọ́ pé wọ́n dúró fún idì bateleur - àmì rere, ẹ̀mí ààbò àti ìránṣẹ́ Ọlọ́run nínú àṣà Shona. <ref name="Nelson 2019 10">{{Cite book|title=Historium}}</ref> === Iṣowo === Orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe Ńlá di ibi ìtajà, lẹ́yìn tí ó ti rọ́pò Mapungubwe ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1300. <ref name=":5">{{Cite book|last=Chirikure|first=Shadreck|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pa7CgAAQBAJ&dq=kingdom+of+mapungubwe&pg=PT6|title=Mapungubwe Reconsidered: A Living Legacy: Exploring Beyond the Rise and Decline of the Mapungubwe State|date=2015-10-01}}</ref> Àwọn nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì agbègbè náà gbòòrò sí i, a sì ń tà iyọ̀, màlúù, ọkà, àti bàbà títí dé àríwá títí dé Kundelungu Plateau ní [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|DR Congo]] òde òní. Apá pàtàkì kan lára ọrọ̀ Great Zimbabwe wá láti ìjẹgàba àwọn ọ̀nà ìṣòwò láti pápá wúrà ti Zimbabwe Plateau sí etíkun Swahili . <ref name=":2" /> : 17 Àwọn oníṣòwò rìnrìn àjò lọ sí àwọn odò Save àti Runde, ó ṣeé ṣe kí wọ́n lo àwọn ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní agbègbè wọn. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Hawarden|first=Rosanne|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1zcm2p4|title=Early Maritime Cultures in East Africa and the Western Indian Ocean|date=2018}}</ref> : 65, 77 Nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlú Swahili bíi Sofala, wọ́n kó wúrà àti eyín erin jáde sínú ìṣòwò Òkun Íńdíà . <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Delius|first=Peter|date=2024|title=Turning South African History Upside Down: Ivory and Gold Production, the Indian Ocean Trading System and the Shaping of Southern African Society, 600–1900 AD|url=free}}</ref> Àwọn ìlú ìṣòwò etíkun Swahili ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí alárinà tí ó so àwọn nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì ìṣòwò àárín ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn oníṣòwò tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní gbogbo Òkun Íńdíà. Iṣòwò àgbáyé yẹn jẹ́ àfikún sí iṣòwò àgbẹ̀ àdúgbò, níbi tí màlúù ṣe pàtàkì jùlọ. <ref name="Zambezia" /> Àwọn agbo màlúù ńlá tí wọ́n ń pèsè fún ìlú náà máa ń ṣí lọ ní àkókò, ilé ẹjọ́ sì ń ṣàkóso wọn. Àwọn ègé ìkòkò ilẹ̀ China, owó láti Arabia, àwọn ìlẹ̀kẹ̀ dígí àti àwọn nǹkan mìíràn tí kìí ṣe ti ìlú ni wọ́n ti gbẹ́ jáde ní Zimbabwe. <ref name="Webber" /> Àwọn ẹ̀rí nípa ìṣẹ̀dá ilẹ̀ ayé fihàn pé díẹ̀ lára àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀ tí wọ́n kó wọlé ni òkúta Longquan tí wọ́n fi gẹ́lẹ́ aláwọ̀ ewé ṣe àti pílásínì aláwọ̀ búlúù àti funfun tí wọ́n ti wà láti ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá sí ìkẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún. <ref name=":3" /> Ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé wọ̀nyí dé Great Zimbabwe nípasẹ̀ àwọn nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì ìpínkiri tí a so pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn èbúté etíkun Swahili, bíi Kilwa Kisiwani. <ref name=":3" /> Láìka àwọn ìsopọ̀ tó lágbára tó wà láàárín àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó wà ní orílẹ̀-èdè yìí sí, kò sí ẹ̀rí tó fi hàn pé wọ́n ń pàṣípààrọ̀ àwọn èrò ìkọ́lé láàárín Great Zimbabwe àti àwọn ìlú bíi Kilwa . === Iṣẹ́ wúrà === Nínú ìwádìí nípa àwọn ohun ìgbàanì, Great Zimbabwe jẹ́ ibi pàtàkì fún iṣẹ́ wúrà ní Gúúsù Áfíríkà. Irú àwọn àwárí bẹ́ẹ̀ fi hàn bí iṣẹ́ ṣíṣe wúrà ṣe jẹ́ ọgbọ́n àti àṣà tí a nílò dípò iṣẹ́ tí a sábà máa ń ṣe. Àwọn ìwádìí tuntun fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé àwọn ìdọ̀tí tí wọ́n fi sílẹ̀ láti inú iṣẹ́ wúrà ni wọ́n fi hàn pé wọ́n ṣe iṣẹ́ wúrà ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ibi náà. Èyí jẹ́rìí sí i pé iṣẹ́ wúrà jẹ́ apá pàtàkì nínú àṣà iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ àti ìníyelórí rẹ̀ nínú ọrọ̀ ajé. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Vieri|first=Jasmine|date=2023-08-03|title=Archaeological science, globalisation, and local agency: gold in Great Zimbabwe}}</ref> Àwọn ìwakùsà náà fi àwọn àpótí amọ̀, àwọn ohun èlò ìkòkò, àti àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí wọ́n lò láti mú wúrà gbóná kí wọ́n sì sọ ọ́ di wáyà, ìlẹ̀kẹ̀, tàbí àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́. <ref name=":02" /> Àwọn ohun èlò àti ohun èlò wọ̀nyí ló jẹ́ kí a mọ àwọn oníṣẹ́ ọwọ́ tó mọṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ń gbé ní Great Zimbabwe àti ipa pàtàkì tí wúrà ń kó nínú àṣà àti ìgbésí ayé wọn ojoojúmọ́. <ref name=":12" /> A kò mọ ohun tó fa ìparun Great Zimbabwe àti bí wọ́n ṣe fi í sílẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn gbẹ́yín. {{Efn|A major factor involves the actions of European [[antiquarian]]s and prospectors during the colonial period in the looting of the site, destroying its [[stratigraphy]].}} Kò ṣe kedere bí ìyípadà ojúọjọ́ ṣe kó ipa tó, síbẹ̀ ipò Great Zimbabwe ní agbègbè òjò tó dára mú kí èyí má ṣeé ṣe kí ó jẹ́ ìdí pàtàkì kan. Ijọba Zimbabwe Nla lori agbegbe naa da lori itẹsiwaju ati ifihan agbara rẹ nigbagbogbo, bi iye eniyan rẹ ti n pọ si nilo ilẹ ogbin diẹ sii ati awọn oniṣowo diẹ sii wura. <ref name="Pikirayi 2020" /> Àṣà àtọwọ́dọ́wọ́ Shona sọ pé àìtó iyọ̀ ló fa ìparun ilẹ̀ ní Zimbabwe, èyí tó lè jẹ́ ọ̀nà àpèjúwe láti fi sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ìbàjẹ́ ilẹ̀ fún àwọn àgbẹ̀ tàbí ìbàjẹ́ àwọn ohun àlùmọ́nì pàtàkì fún àwùjọ. <ref name="auto">{{Cite book|last=Silva|first=Alberto da Costa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yLTrAAAAMAAJ|title=A enxada e a lança: a África antes dos Portugueses|location=Rio de Janeiro}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last=Pikirayi|first=Innocent|title=Cities in the World: 1500-2000: v. 3|date=2006}}</ref> : 10 Ó ṣeé ṣe kí omi adágún omi Great Zimbabwe jókòó lórí omi tí ó ti tán, tàbí kí iye àwọn ènìyàn tí ń pọ̀ sí i ba omi náà jẹ́. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|last=Pikirayi|first=Innocent|date=2024-05-01|title=Granite Landforms and Water Storage at Great Zimbabwe|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/09719458241258551}}</ref> Láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún, ìṣòwò kárí ayé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dínkù láàárín ìdààmú ọrọ̀ ajé kárí ayé, èyí tí ó dín ìbéèrè fún wúrà kù, èyí tí ó ní ipa búburú lórí Great Zimbabwe. Ní ìdáhùn sí èyí, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé fẹ̀ síi àwọn nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì ìṣòwò agbègbè, èyí tí ó yọrí sí aásìkí púpọ̀ síi fún àwọn ibùgbé mìíràn ní agbègbè náà. Nígbà tí ó fi máa di ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún, àbájáde ìpinnu yìí yóò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í hàn gbangba, bí àwọn ọmọ ìdílé ọba Zimbabwe Great Zimbabwe ṣe ń dá àwọn ìdílé tuntun sílẹ̀, ó ṣeé ṣe kí ó jẹ́ àbájáde àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ àwọn àríyànjiyàn ìtẹ̀lé. <ref>{{Citation|title=Southern Zambezia States and Indian Ocean Trade, 1450–1900}}</ref> Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àṣà àtọwọ́dọ́wọ́, Nyatsimba Mutota, ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ìdílé ọba Zimbabwe Ńlá, ṣe olórí àwọn ènìyàn ní àríwá láti wá iyọ̀, ó sì dá ìjọba Mutapa sílẹ̀. {{Efn|According to tradition, the move came about because the king was tired of eating salt made from goat's dung.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Huffman |first=T. N. |date=1972 |title=The Rise and Fall of Zimbabwe |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/abs/rise-and-fall-of-zimbabwe/DF9B15B96E63ADFFC62967F9F2801703 |journal=The Journal of African History |language=en |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=353–366 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700011683 |issn=1469-5138|url-access=subscription }}</ref>}} <ref name="Pikirayi 2020" /> Wọ́n gbàgbọ́ pé àwọn baba ńlá wọn tó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ dé nìkan ló máa tẹ̀lé wọn, pẹ̀lú àwọn baba ńlá tó ti dàgbà tí wọ́n ń gbé ní Great Zimbabwe tí wọ́n sì ń dáàbò bò wọ́n níbẹ̀. <ref name=":72" /> Àwọn oníṣòwò Angoche ṣí ọ̀nà tuntun kan ní ẹ̀bá Zambezi nípasẹ̀ Mutapa àti Ingombe Ilede láti dé àwọn pápá wúrà ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn Great Zimbabwe, èyí tó mú kí ó dínkù, tí Khami, olú ìlú ìjọba Butua sì sì dìde. <ref name=":122">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u1SqMwEACAAJ|title=Butua and the End of an Era: The Effect of the Collapse of the Kalanga State on Ordinary Citizens: an Analysis of Behaviour Under Stress|date=2012}}</ref> : 50 Nígbà tí ó fi máa di ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, agbára ìṣèlú àti ti ọrọ̀ ajé ti kúrò ní Zimbabwe Ńlá sí àríwá àti ìwọ̀ oòrùn. Ó ṣeé ṣe kí wọ́n tẹ̀síwájú láti máa gbé ibẹ̀ títí di ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, kí wọ́n tó fi sílẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín. <ref name="Pikirayi 2020" /> == Ìtàn ìwádìí àti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ àwọn ahoro náà == [[File:Cefala_Manich_Simbaoe.png|thumb| Zimbabwe Nla farahan lori maapu Abraham Ortelius '1570 ''Africae Tabula Nova'', ti a tumọ si "Simbaoe".]] Àríyànjiyàn púpọ̀ ló ti wà nípa ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ Great Zimbabwe, tí a ń pè ní " [[Zimbabwe controversy|àríyànjiyàn Zimbabwe]] ". <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/silenceofgreatzi0000font|title=The silence of Great Zimbabwe: contested landscapes and the power of heritage|date=2006}}</ref> Nítorí ẹ̀tanú ẹ̀yà tí wọ́n ní, àwọn ará Rhodesia rí i pé kò ṣeé ṣe láti ronú pé àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ Áfíríkà ló lè kọ́ àwọn ilé náà, wọ́n sọ pé àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé tí wọ́n rí nínú àwọn abọ́ ilẹ̀ Persia àti celadon ti ilẹ̀ China jẹ́ àbájáde ìbílẹ̀ ṣáájú ìgbà tí Bantu ti dé. Ìjọba ìjọba amúnisìn fipá mú àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ohun abẹ̀mí láti sẹ́ pé àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ Áfíríkà ló kọ́ ilé náà, nítorí pé gbígbà pé ó lè ba “ iṣẹ́ àkànṣe wọn” jẹ́. Ìkọ̀sílẹ̀ onírúurú àwọn àbá àti àbùkù ènìyàn tí ó sọ pé àwọn Júù, àwọn ará Lárúbáwá, àwọn ará Fòníṣíà, àti ẹnikẹ́ni yàtọ̀ sí àwọn Shona, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìgbòkègbodò mìíràn ti àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ìgbàanì, ló gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn ìlú Nlá Zimbabwe jálẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún ogún. <ref name="Pikirayi 2020" /> <ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Great Zimbabwe: Colonial historiography|url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203483862/encyclopedia-african-history-3-volume-set-kevin-shillington}}</ref> Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní Áfíríkà di ohun tí gbogbo ènìyàn gbàgbọ́ ní ọdún 1950. <ref name="Frederikse 1990 10–11">{{Cite book|title=None But Ourselves|location=Harare}}</ref> === Láti àwọn oníṣòwò ilẹ̀ Portugal sí Karl Mauch === Ó ṣeé ṣe kí arìnrìn-àjò ará Portugal náà, António Fernandes, ṣe ìbẹ̀wò àkọ́kọ́ ní Yúróòpù ní ọdún 1513–1515, ẹni tí ó kọjá lẹ́ẹ̀mejì, ó sì ròyìn ní kíkún agbègbè Zimbabwe òde òní (pẹ̀lú àwọn ìjọba Shona) àti àwọn ibùdó olódi tí a fi òkúta tí kò ní àmọ̀ ṣe. Sibẹsibẹ, nigbati o kọja ''ni ipa ọna'' ni awọn ibuso diẹ si ariwa, ati nipa {{Convert|35|mi|km}} ní gúúsù ibi náà, kò tọ́ka sí Great Zimbabwe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.rhodesia.nl/rhodesiana/volume19.pdf|date=December 1968|title=The Pioneer Head}}</ref> Àwọn oníṣòwò ará Portugal gbọ́ nípa àṣẹ́kù ìlú ìgbàanì ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ sì wà láàyè nípa àwọn ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò àti àkọsílẹ̀ tí àwọn kan lára wọn ṣe, tí ó so Great Zimbabwe pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ ṣíṣe wúrà àti ìṣòwò jíjìnnà. <ref name="Kaarsholm">{{Cite journal|last=Kaarsholm|first=Preben|title=The past as battlefield in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe|url=http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/4213/1/Preben_Kaarsholm_-_The_past_as_battlefield_in_Rhodesia_and_Zimbabwe.pdf}}</ref> Méjì lára àwọn ìtàn wọ̀nyẹn mẹ́nu kan àkọsílẹ̀ kan lókè ẹnu ọ̀nà sí Great Zimbabwe, tí a kọ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun kikọ tí àwọn oníṣòwò ará Arab tí wọ́n rí i kò mọ̀. <ref name="Barros">{{Cite book|last=McCall-Theal, G.|title=Records of South-eastern Africa|location=Cape Town}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last=McCall-Theal, G.|title=Records of South-eastern Africa|location=Cape Town}}</ref> Ní ọdún 1506, olùṣàwárí Diogo de Alcáçova ṣàpèjúwe àwọn ilé náà nínú lẹ́tà kan sí Manuel I ti Portugal, ó sì kọ̀wé pé wọ́n jẹ́ ara ìjọba ńlá ti Ucalanga (ó ṣeé ṣe kí ó jẹ́ Karanga, èdè àwọn ènìyàn Shona tí wọ́n ń sọ ní pàtàkì ní àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ Masvingo àti Midlands ti Zimbabwe). <ref>{{Cite book|last=Randles|first=W. G. L.|title=The Empire of Monomotapa: From the Fifteenth to the Nineteenth Century|date=1981|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=68pBAAAAYAAJ|access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref> João de Barros tún fi irú àpèjúwe mìíràn sílẹ̀ nípa Great Zimbabwe ní ọdún 1538, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn oníṣòwò Moorish tí wọ́n ti ṣèbẹ̀wò sí agbègbè náà tí wọ́n sì ní ìmọ̀ nípa ilẹ̀ òkèèrè ṣe ròyìn fún un. Ó tọ́ka sí i pé àwọn ilé náà ni a mọ̀ sí ''Symbaoe'' ní agbègbè, èyí tí ó túmọ̀ sí "ààfin ọba" ní èdè ìbílẹ̀. <ref name="Pikirayi">{{Cite web|archivedate=9 August 2016}}</ref> Nípa ìdámọ̀ gidi àwọn tó kọ́ ìlú Great Zimbabwe, de Barros kọ̀wé pé: <ref>{{Cite book|last=Böhmer-Bauer|first=Kunigunde|title=Great Zimbabwe: eine ethnologische Untersuchung|date=2000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V9EwAQAAIAAJ|access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref>   Ní àfikún, nípa ète àwọn àwókù Great Zimbabwe, de Barros sọ pé: “Ní èrò àwọn ará Moor tí wọ́n rí i [Great Zimbabwe] ó jẹ́ ìgbàanì gan-an, a sì kọ́ ọ láti pa àwọn ohun ìní àwọn iwakusa mọ́, èyí tí ó ti pẹ́ gan-an, tí a kò sì tíì rí wúrà nínú wọn fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, nítorí àwọn ogun náà.&nbsp;... ó dàbí ẹni pé ọmọ <ref name="Pikirayi" /> kan tí ó ní àwọn ohun ìwakùsà wọ̀nyí pàṣẹ pé kí a kọ́ ọ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì rẹ̀, èyí tí ó pàdánù lẹ́yìn náà ní àkókò àti nítorí wíwà wọn jìnnà sí ìjọba rẹ̀. De Barros tún sọ pé “ọlọ́lá kan ló ń ṣọ́ ''Symbaoe'', gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórí alcaide, wọ́n sì ń pè é ní ọ̀gá yìí ní Symbacayo.”&nbsp;... àti pé àwọn ìyàwó Benomotapa kan wà níbẹ̀ nígbà gbogbo tí Symbacayo ń tọ́jú wọn.” Nítorí náà, ó dà bíi pé wọ́n ṣì ń gbé Great Zimbabwe ní àìpẹ́ yìí bíi ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. <ref name="Pikirayi" /> === Àtúnṣe ìṣáájú ti àwọn ará Yúróòpù àti àwọn ìtumọ̀ Bíbélì === Àwọn ará Yúróòpù tún rí àwọn àwókù náà nígbà ìrìn àjò ọdẹ ní ọdún 1867 láti ọwọ́ Adam Render, ọdẹ ará Jámánì-Amẹ́ríkà kan, olùwá omi àti oníṣòwò ní gúúsù Áfíríkà, <ref>{{Cite book|title=Southern African Dictionary of National Biography|location=London}}</ref> tí ó ti ń gbé pẹ̀lú ẹ̀yà kan ní àdúgbò náà. Ní ọdún 1871, ó fi àwọn àwókù náà hàn Karl Mauch, olùwádìí àti olùṣèwádìí ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ará Jámánì kan. Karl Mauch kọ àwọn àwókù náà sílẹ̀, ó sì kọ̀ láti ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ìkọ́lé ìbílẹ̀ lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ <ref name=":1" />, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ronú nípa ìbáṣepọ̀ Bíbélì pẹ̀lú Ọba Sólómọ́nì àti Ayaba Ṣébà, àlàyé tí àwọn òǹkọ̀wé ìṣáájú bíi João dos Santos ti ilẹ̀ Potogí dábàá. Mauch lọ dé ibi tí ó ti fẹ́ràn ìtàn àròsọ kan pé wọ́n kọ́ àwọn ilé náà láti ṣe àwòkọ ààfin Ayaba Ṣébà ní Jerúsálẹ́mù, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Vast Ruins in South Africa- The Ruined Cities of Mashonaland|date=18 December 1892}}</ref> wọ́n sì sọ pé igi kédárì ti Lebanoni ni wọ́n fi ṣe àtẹ̀gùn igi tí àwọn ará Phoenicia mú wá. Àròsọ Sheba, gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mauch ṣe gbé lárugẹ rẹ̀, di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ ní àwùjọ àwọn aláwọ̀ funfun tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ó fi mú kí ọ̀mọ̀wé akẹ́kọ̀ọ́jinlẹ̀ tó gbẹ̀yìn James Theodore Bent sọ pé,   Àwọn olè jíjà kan tẹ̀lé ìbẹ̀wò Mauch sí àwọn àwókù náà, àwọn kan sì ni WG Neal, ẹni tí ó mọ̀ nípa iṣẹ́ Àtijọ́, gbà síṣẹ́. Ẹni àkọ́kọ́ tó bá lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti ń kó nǹkan náà, Willi Posselt, yọ ẹyẹ oníṣẹ́ ọnà tí wọ́n fi ṣe àgbélébùú jáde, ó sì fi àwọn ẹlòmíràn pamọ́ láti rí i gbà nígbà tó yá. Láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ tó tẹ̀lé e, Neal àti ilé iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ kó àwọn àwókù náà jọ, wọ́n kó gbogbo ohun ìníyelórí rẹ̀ kúrò nínú rẹ̀, wọ́n sì ba ohun tí wọ́n rò pé wọn kò lè tà jẹ́, títí kan àwọn ilé náà. Kò ṣe kedere iye àwọn ohun èlò ìkòkò, àwọn ère àti àwọn ohun èlò mìíràn tí wọ́n sọnù tàbí tí wọ́n jí. === Àwọn ìwakùsà ìṣáájú àti àwọn ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ tí kìí ṣe ti Áfíríkà === [[File:Great_Zimbabwe_Ruins2.jpg|thumb| Ilé Òkè]] Carl Peters kó ohun èlò ìṣẹ́ amọ̀ kan jọ ní ọdún 1905. Flinders Petrie yẹ̀ wò ó, ó sì rí káàtì kan lórí àyà rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun ìní ìjọba 18th ti Fáráò [[Thutmose 3k|Thutmose Kẹta ti]] Íjíbítì, ó sì dábàá pé ó jẹ́ ère ọba, ó sì tọ́ka sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀rí àjọṣepọ̀ ìṣòwò láàárín àwọn alákòóso ní agbègbè náà àti àwọn ará Íjíbítì ìgbàanì nígbà Ìjọba Tuntun (ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1550–1077 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni), bí kì í bá ṣe ohun ìrántí ibùdó ìgbàanì ti Íjíbítì nítòsí àwọn ibi ìwakùsà wúrà àdúgbò. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Peters|first=Carl|title=The Eldorado of the Ancients|pages=393–394|publisher=C. Pearson|url=https://archive.org/stream/eldoradoofancien00pete#page/392/mode/2up|year=1902}}</ref> Lẹ́yìn náà, Johann Heinrich Schäfer ṣe àyẹ̀wò ère náà, ó sì jiyàn pé ó jẹ́ ti ẹgbẹ́ àwọn oníṣẹ́-afẹ́de tí a mọ̀ dáadáa. Lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ushabti, Felix von Luschan dábàá pé ó ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ láìpẹ́ ju Ìjọba Tuntun lọ. Ó sọ pé dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, àwòrán náà farahàn láti ìgbà Ptolemaic tí ó tẹ̀lé e (ní nǹkan bí ọdún 323–30 ṣáájú Sànmánì Kristẹni), nígbà tí àwọn oníṣòwò ará Gíríìsì tí wọ́n wà ní Alexandria yóò kó àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé àti àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Íjíbítì jáde sí gúúsù Áfíríkà. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Griffith|first=Francis Llewellyn|title=Archæological Report|publisher=Egypt Exploration Fund|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m3PSvXWaH5YC}}</ref> J. Theodore Bent, pẹ̀lú ìyàwó rẹ̀ Mabel, bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àkóso ní Zimbabwe pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ àti owó ìrànlọ́wọ́ Cecil Rhodes láti ọwọ́ Royal Geographical Society àti British Association for the Advancement of Science. Èyí, àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ìwakùsà mìíràn tí a ṣe fún Rhodes, yọrí sí ìwé kan tí ó fi àwọn àwókù náà hàn fún àwọn òǹkàwé èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. Bent kò ní ẹ̀kọ́ nípa àwọn ohun ìgbàanì, ṣùgbọ́n ní ọdún 1891 ó ti rìnrìn àjò púpọ̀ ní [[Gíríìsì|Greece]] àti Asia Minor ó sì ti wa àwọn Òkè A'ali, Bahrain (1889). Àìní ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ yìí ló ṣeé ṣe kó jẹ́ kí ó pinnu láti fi àìbìkítà wa ilé gogoro onígun mẹ́rin ti Ààbò Ńlá náà, èyí tí yóò ba àyíká náà jẹ́ lẹ́yìn náà. Èyí sì mú kí ó má ṣeé ṣe fún àwọn awalẹ̀pìtàn èyíkéyìí tí ó wá lẹ́yìn rẹ̀ láti mọ ọjọ́ orí ilé gogoro náà. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ló sọnù nígbà ìbẹ̀wò yìí pẹ̀lú, ní àkókò yìí wọ́n sọ wọ́n nù gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí kò ṣe pàtàkì. <ref name=":1" /> Onímọ̀ nípa àwòrán àti ìwádìí [https://aim25.com/cgi-bin/vcdf/detail?coll_id=6569&inst_id=10 Robert MW Swan] ló ran Bent lọ́wọ́. Wọ́n ti Archived (1858–1904), ẹni tí ó tún ṣèbẹ̀wò àti ṣe ìwádìí lórí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àwókù òkúta tí ó jọra nítòsí. Bent sọ nínú àtẹ̀jáde àkọ́kọ́ ìwé rẹ̀ ''The Ruined Cities of Mashonaland'' (1892) pé àwọn àwókù náà fi àwọn ará Phoenicia tàbí àwọn [[Àwọn Áràbù|ará Arab]] hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn olùkọ́lé, ó sì gbà pé ó ṣeé ṣe kí odi náà jẹ́ ìgbàanì. Nínú ìwé ìṣáájú sí àtẹ̀jáde kejì rẹ̀ (1893), ó ṣe pàtó sí i, pẹ̀lú ẹ̀kọ́ pàtàkì rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ẹ̀yà àwọn Júù àti láti orísun àwọn ará Arabia” ti àwọn oníṣòwò “tí wọ́n jẹ́ oníṣòwò gidigidi” tí wọ́n ń gbé ní ìlú kan ní Áfíríkà. [[File:Exterior_of_great_enclosure,G.Zimbabwe.JPG|right|thumb| Ògiri òde ti Àpótí Ńlá náà. David Randall-MacIver ya àwòrán náà ní ọdún 1906.]] === Lemba === Lemba náà ló sọ pé kíkọ́ ìlú Great Zimbabwe, gẹ́gẹ́ bí William Bolts ṣe kọ ọ́ sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1777 (sí àwọn aláṣẹ ìlú Austrian Habsburg), àti AA Anderson (tó ń kọ nípa ìrìn àjò rẹ̀ sí àríwá [[Odò Límpopó|Odò Limpopo]] ní ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún).  Àwọn Lemba ń sọ [[Àwọn èdè Bàntú|èdè Bantu]] tí àwọn aládùúgbò wọn ń sọ, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ní àwọn àṣà àti ìgbàgbọ́ ìsìn kan tí ó jọ ti ẹ̀sìn Júù àti [[Ẹ̀sìn Islam|Ìsìláàmù]], èyí tí wọ́n sọ pé àṣà àtọwọ́dọ́wọ́ ni a fi ránṣẹ́. <ref name="VanWarmelo">{{Cite journal|author=van Warmelo, N.J.|title=Zur Sprache und Herkunft der Lemba|journal=Hamburger Beiträge zur Afrika-Kunde|volume=5|year=1966|pages=273, 278, 281–282|publisher=Deutsches Institut für Afrika-Forschung}}</ref> === Àwọn ìwakùsà sáyẹ́ǹsì àkọ́kọ́ === Àwọn ìwakùsà ìjìnlẹ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àkọ́kọ́ ní ibi náà ni David Randall-MacIver ṣe fún ẹgbẹ́ British Association ní ọdún 1905–1906. Ní ''ìgbà àtijọ́ Rhodesia'', ó kọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀sùn tí Adam Render, Carl Peters àti Karl Mauch sọ, ó sì kọ̀wé nípa wíwà ní ibi tí àwọn nǹkan tí ó jẹ́ ti Bantu ti wá. Randall-MacIver parí èrò sí pé gbogbo ẹ̀rí tó wà ló mú kó gbàgbọ́ pé àwọn baba ńlá àwọn ará Shona ló kọ́ àwọn ilé Zimbabwe. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Solomon's Mines|date=14 April 1906}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Rhodesia Ruins: their probable origins and significance|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1449252}}</ref> Èyí tó ṣe pàtàkì jùlọ ni pé ó dábàá ọjọ́ àtijọ́ pátápátá fún àwọn odi àti tẹ́ḿpìlì tí wọ́n fi ògiri ṣe. Wọn kò gba ẹ̀tọ́ yìí lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, ní pàtàkì nítorí àkókò kúkúrú àti àkókò tí kò fi bẹ́ẹ̀ tó láti walẹ̀. === Ìjẹ́rìísí Ìwádìí Àtilẹ̀wá ti Àwọn Orísun Áfíríkà === [[File:Great_Zimbabwe_Ruins2.jpg|thumb| Ilé Òkè]] Ní àárín ọdún 1929, Gertrude Caton Thompson parí èrò sí, lẹ́yìn ìbẹ̀wò ọjọ́ méjìlá ti ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́ta àti wíwá àwọn ihò ọ̀gbun púpọ̀, pé Bantu ló dá ibi náà sílẹ̀ ní tòótọ́. Ó kọ́kọ́ rì ihò ìdánwò mẹ́ta sínú ohun tí ó ti jẹ́ òkìtì ìdọ̀tí ní òkè àwọn ibi gíga òkè náà, èyí sì mú àdàpọ̀ àwọn ohun èlò amọ̀ àti iṣẹ́ irin tí kò láfiwé jáde. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó kó lọ sí Ilé Gogoro Conical, ó sì gbìyànjú láti gbẹ́ ilẹ̀ lábẹ́ ilé gogoro náà, ó ń jiyàn pé ilẹ̀ ibẹ̀ kò ní dí, ṣùgbọ́n kò sí ohun tí a ṣí payá. Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n tún gbé àwọn ihò ìdánwò míì síta Great Enclosure àti nínú Valley Ruins, èyí tí wọ́n ti rí àwọn irin ilé, àwọn ìlẹ̀kẹ̀ dígí, àti ẹ̀gbà wúrà kan. Lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ ni Caton Thompson kéde ìlànà ìbílẹ̀ Bantu rẹ̀ sí ìpàdé ẹgbẹ́ British Association ní Johannesburg. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ascribes Zimbabwe to African Bantus}}</ref>   Ẹ̀sùn Caton Thompson kò hàn lójúkan náà, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó ní ìtìlẹ́yìn tó lágbára láàárín àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì nítorí ọ̀nà ìgbàlódé rẹ̀. Àfikún pàtàkì rẹ̀ ni láti fìdí ẹ̀kọ́ nípa ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ìgbàanì múlẹ̀ fún iṣẹ́ ilé tí a ṣe ní ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá àti ìkarùndínlógún. Ní ọdún 1931, ó ti yí ìlànà Bantu rẹ̀ padà díẹ̀, èyí sì mú kí àwọn ará Arabia ní ipa lórí àwọn ilé gogoro náà nípa ṣíṣe àfarawé àwọn ilé tàbí iṣẹ́ ọnà tí a rí ní àwọn ìlú ìṣòwò Arabia ní etíkun. === Ìfohùnṣọ̀kan àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ìgbàlódé àti ẹ̀rí ọjọ́ orí === Láti ọdún 1950, àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ohun abẹ̀mí ti gbàgbọ́ nípa ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ti Great Zimbabwe. <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Lost Cities of Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/lostcitiesofafri00davi|location=Boston}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Africa from the twelfth to the sixteenth century|location=London}}</ref> Àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé àti ìwádìí lórí radiocarbon fi hàn pé àwọn ènìyàn ti gbé ibẹ̀ ní ọ̀rúndún karùn-ún ó kéré tán, pẹ̀lú ìtẹ̀dó sí Great Zimbabwe láàárín ọ̀rúndún kejìlá àti ìkẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún àti ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ohun tí wọ́n rí láti ọ̀rúndún karùn-ún. <ref name="SAAB">{{Cite journal|title=The chronology of Great Zimbabwe}}</ref> Ẹ̀rí radiocarbon jẹ́ àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 28, èyí tí gbogbo àyàfi mẹ́rin àkọ́kọ́, láti ìgbà ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lílo ọ̀nà yẹn tí a sì ti rí i pé kò péye nísinsìnyí, ti ṣètìlẹ́yìn fún ìtàn ọ̀rúndún 12 sí 15. <ref name="Garlake-dates" /> <ref name="Huffman2009">{{Cite journal|title=Mapungubwe and Great Zimbabwe: The origin and spread of social complexity in southern Africa}}</ref> Ní àwọn ọdún 1970, a tún ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìtànṣán kan tí ó mú àwọn ọjọ́ àìdáa kan jáde ní ọdún 1952, ó sì fúnni ní ọjọ́ ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá. Àwọn ohun tí a rí tí wọ́n ti lò fún ìgbà pípẹ́ bíi àwọn ohun ìṣẹ̀dá ilẹ̀ China, Persia àti Syria tún ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún àwọn ọjọ́ ọ̀rúndún kejìlá àti ìkẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún. === Gokomere === Àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ohun abẹ̀mí gbà pé àwọn akọ́lé náà sọ ọ̀kan lára àwọn èdè Shona, <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Pastoralism and Zimbabwe}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Archaeology and early Venda history}}</ref> ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ẹ̀rí ìkòkò, <ref>{{Cite journal|title=On why pots are decorated the way they are}}</ref> àṣà àtọwọ́dá <ref name="SAAB" /> àti ìmọ̀ nípa ẹ̀dá ènìyàn <ref name="current" /> àti ẹ̀rí DNA <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2019|title=Ancient DNA Analysis of the Thulamela Remains: Deciphering the Migratory Patterns of a Southern African Population}}</ref> àti ìmọ̀ ẹ̀kọ́ tuntun ṣètìlẹ́yìn fún kíkọ́ Great Zimbabwe (àti ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ àṣà rẹ̀) láti ọwọ́ àwọn ènìyàn Shona àti Venda, <ref name="Huffman20092">{{Cite journal|title=Mapungubwe and Great Zimbabwe: The origin and spread of social complexity in southern Africa}}</ref> <ref name="Nelson 2019 102">{{Cite book|title=Historium}}</ref> tí ó ṣeé ṣe kí wọ́n jẹ́ àtọmọdọ́mọ àṣà Gokomere . <ref name="Huffman2009" /> Àṣà Gokomere, ẹgbẹ́ Bantu ti ìlà-oòrùn, wà ní agbègbè náà láti nǹkan bí ọdún 200 AD, ó sì gbilẹ̀ láti ọdún 500 AD sí nǹkan bí ọdún 800 AD. Àwọn ẹ̀rí nípa ìgbàanì fihàn pé ó jẹ́ ìpele ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Zimbabwe Ńlá. <ref name="antiquity" /> <ref name="SAAB" /> <ref name="Chikuhwa2013">{{Cite book|title=Zimbabwe: The End of the First Republic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQ49AQAAQBAJ&pg=PR19|date=October 2013}}</ref> Àṣà Gokomere ló ṣeé ṣe kí ó jẹ́ kí àwọn ènìyàn Mashona òde òní, <ref name="Copson2006">{{Cite book|title=Zimbabwe: Background and Issues|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2AM7XUBrrqkC&pg=PA43|date=1 January 2006}}</ref> ẹgbẹ́ ẹ̀yà kan tí ó ní àwọn ẹ̀yà tó yàtọ̀ síra bíi ìdílé Karanga tí ó wà ní àdúgbò náà.{{Citation needed|date=October 2015}} àti àṣà Rozwi, èyí tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìpínlẹ̀ Shona . <ref>Isichei, Elizabeth Allo, ''A History of African Societies to 1870'' Cambridge University Press, 1997, {{ISBN|978-0521455992}} page 435</ref> Ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn ènìyàn Gokomere náà ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹgbẹ́ Bantu ìjímìjí kan tí ó wà nítòsí bíi Mapungubwe ti Àríwá ìlà-oòrùn Gúúsù Áfíríkà tí ó wà ní àdúgbò, èyí tí a gbàgbọ́ pé ó jẹ́ àṣà ìjímìjí tí àwọn ènìyàn ń sọ èdè Venda, àti pẹ̀lú àwọn ará Sotho tí ó wà nítòsí. === Àwọn ìwádìí tuntun === [[File:Great_zimbabwe_2.jpg|thumb| Ọ̀nà Àbáwọlé ní Ààfin Ńlá]] Peter Garlake ti ṣe iṣẹ́ ìwádìí ìgbàlódé tuntun, ẹni tí ó ti ṣe àpèjúwe gbogbogbò nípa ibi náà, David Beach <ref name="current" /> àti Thomas Huffman, <ref name="SAAB" /> tí wọ́n ti ṣiṣẹ́ lórí ìtòlẹ́sẹẹsẹ àti ìdàgbàsókè Great Zimbabwe àti Gilbert Pwiti, ẹni tí ó ti tẹ̀jáde púpọ̀ lórí àwọn ìsopọ̀ ìṣòwò. <ref name="Zambezia" /> <ref name="Pwiti2004">{{Cite journal|last1=Gilbert Pwiti|year=2004|title=Economic change, ideology and the development of cultural complexity in northern Zimbabwe|journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa|volume=39|pages=265–282|doi=10.1080/00672700409480403}}</ref> Lónìí, ìfohùnṣọ̀kan tuntun yìí fi hàn pé àwọn ènìyàn Shona ( [[Bàntú|ẹgbẹ́ Bantu]] ) ló kọ́ ìlú Great Zimbabwe. Àwọn ẹ̀rí kan tún fi hàn pé àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n wà ní Mapungubwe ní ipa ìṣáájú. <ref name="Huffman2009" /> === Ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ahoro náà === Awọn ibajẹ ti waye si awọn ahoro wọnyi ni gbogbo ọrundun to kọja. Awọn oniwadi ohun-elo atijọ lati Yuroopu ja Great Zimbabwe ati awọn ile ti o jọ ọ lẹkun ni akoko laarin awọn ọdun 1890 ati 1920; eyi si ṣe idiwọ nla fun iṣẹ awọn onimọ-jinlẹ nipa awọn ohun-elo atijọ (archaeologists) ni ọjọ iwaju nitori wọn ba eto ipele ilẹ (stratigraphy) ibẹ jẹ. Iṣẹ wiwa wura ati awọn ohun-elo atijọ ti awọn oluwadi akọkọ ti akoko ijọba amunisin ṣe laisi imọ to peye fa ibajẹ nla,[1] paapaa julọ awọn iṣẹ ti Richard Nicklin Hall ṣe.[2] Ibajẹ ti o pọ si tun waye nitori wiwa wura ninu awọn ahoro naa.[1] Awọn igbiyanju lati tun ibi naa kọ lati ọdun 1980 wa fa ibajẹ siwaju sii, eyi si jẹ ki awọn eniyan agbegbe naa ni imọlara pe ibi naa ko kan wọn mọ.[3][4] Ohun miiran ti n fa ibajẹ si awọn ahoro naa ni awọn alejo ti n bẹ ibẹ wo; ọpọlọpọ igba ni awọn eniyan maa n gun awọn odi, rin lori awọn ohun-elo atijọ ti o wa ni ilẹ, ti wọn si n lo awọn ọna ibẹ ju bi o ti yẹ lọ—gbogbo eyi si ti ni ipa buburu lori awọn ile ti o wa ni ibi naa.[3] Iru ibajẹ ti eniyan fa yii ti darapọ mọ ibajẹ ti o n waye lati ọdọ iseda, gẹgẹbi iṣan-omi ti n gbe ile lọ (erosion), rirọ tabi gbigbe ipilẹ ile, ati ibajẹ lati ọdọ awọn eweko ti n dagba lori rẹ.[3] == Àwọn ìtumọ̀ ìṣèlú == [[File:Great_Zimbabwe_Closeup.jpg|right|thumb| Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn àwókù ìlú Great Zimbabwe, ọdún 2006]] Martin Hall kọ̀wé pé ìtàn ìwádìí ìgbà ayé Iron ní gúúsù Zambezi fi ipa tí àwọn èrò ìṣèlú ìjọba amúnisìn ní lórí rẹ̀ hàn, nínú àwọn àbá ìṣáájú nípa ìrísí ìgbà àtijọ́ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà àti nínú àwọn àtúnṣe tí a ti ṣe sí àwọn ọ̀nà ìgbàlódé ìgbàlódé. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hall|first=Martin|author-link=Martin Hall (academic)|year=1984|title=The Burden of Tribalism: The Social Context of Southern African Iron Age Studies|jstor=280354|journal=American Antiquity|volume=49|issue=3|pages=455–467|doi=10.2307/280354|url=https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/7487/}}</ref> Preben Kaarsholm kọ̀wé pé àwọn ẹgbẹ́ amúnisìn àti àwọn ẹgbẹ́ aláwọ̀ dúdú lo ìgbà àtijọ́ ti Great Zimbabwe láti ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún ìran wọn nípa ìsinsìnyí orílẹ̀-èdè náà, nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìròyìn ìtàn àti ìtàn àròsọ. Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìtàn olókìkí bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìwé [[Alexander Wilmot]] tí a ń pè ní ''Monomotapa (Rhodesia)'' àti Dzimbahwe ti Ken Mufuka tí a ń pè ní ''Dzimbahwe: Life and Politics in the Golden Age'' ; àwọn àpẹẹrẹ láti inú ìtàn àròsọ ni ìwé Wilbur Smith tí a ń pè ní ''The Sunbird'' àti ìwé Stanlake Samkange tí a ń pè ní ''Year of the Uprising'' . <ref name="Kaarsholm" /> Nígbà tí àwọn aláwọ̀ funfun bíi Cecil Rhodes kọ́kọ́ rí àwọn àwókù náà, wọ́n rí wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì ọrọ̀ ńlá tí agbègbè náà yóò fi fún àwọn ọ̀gá tuntun rẹ̀. <ref name="Kaarsholm" /> Pikirayi ati Kaarsholm daba pe ifihan yii ti Great Zimbabwe jẹ apakan lati ṣe iwuri fun gbigbe ati idoko-owo ni agbegbe naa. <ref name="Kaarsholm" /> Gertrude Caton-Thompson gbà pé àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ni àwọn tó kọ́ ilé náà, àmọ́ ó pe ibi náà ní “àbájáde ọpọlọ ọmọ kékeré” tí àwùjọ tí wọ́n ń ṣàkóso kọ́. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Caton-Thompson|title=The Zimbabwe Culture: ruins and reactions|year=1931}}</ref> Ọ̀rọ̀ tí wọ́n fi ń sọ ní Rhodesia ní ọdún 1960 sí 1970 ni pé àwọn tí kì í ṣe aláwọ̀ dúdú ló kọ́ àwọn ilé náà. Àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ohun archaeo tí wọ́n tako ọ̀rọ̀ náà ni ìjọba ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Paul Sinclair, tí wọ́n fọ̀rọ̀ wá lẹ́nu wò fún ''None But Ourselves'' : <ref name="Frederikse 1990 10–11" />   Ìpalára yìí lórí ìmọ̀ ìjìnlẹ̀ ayélujára ló yọrí sí ìṣípò kúrò ní orílẹ̀-èdè àwọn onímọ̀ ìjìnlẹ̀ ayélujára tó gbajúmọ̀ ní Great Zimbabwe, títí kan Peter Garlake, Olùṣàyẹ̀wò Àgbà fún Àwọn Àmì Ìrántí fún Rhodesia, àti Roger Summers ti Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀dá Orílẹ̀-èdè. <ref>{{Cite book|last=De Baets|first1=Antoon|title=Censorship of Historical Thought: a World Guide 1945–2000|year=2002|pages=621–625|publisher=Greenwood Press|place=London|url=http://arts.eldoc.ub.rug.nl/FILES/publications/general/Historical/2002/debaets_zimbabwe/zimbabwe.pdf|isbn=0-313-31193-5|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327114818/http://arts.eldoc.ub.rug.nl/FILES/publications/general/Historical/2002/debaets_zimbabwe/zimbabwe.pdf|archivedate=27 March 2009}}</ref> [[File:Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg|right|thumb| Ẹyẹ Zimbabwe, tí a yàwòrán rẹ̀ sí orí àsíá Zimbabwe]] [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Rhodesia.svg|right|thumb| Ẹyẹ Zimbabwe, tí a yàwòrán rẹ̀ sí ara àmì ìbòjú Rhodesia]] Fún àwọn ẹgbẹ́ aláwọ̀ dúdú, Great Zimbabwe di àmì pàtàkì ti àṣeyọrí láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ará Áfíríkà: gbígbà ìtàn rẹ̀ padà jẹ́ ète pàtàkì fún àwọn tí wọ́n ń wá ìjọba púpọ̀ jùlọ. Ní ọdún 1980, wọ́n yí orúkọ orílẹ̀-èdè tuntun tí wọ́n mọ̀ ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Ìtàn ilẹ̀ Sìmbábúè|olómìnira]] kárí ayé padà sí ibi tí wọ́n ń gbé, wọ́n sì fi àwọn ère ẹyẹ olókìkí rẹ̀ pamọ́ láti inú àsíá Rhodesia àti [[Àmì ọ̀pá àṣẹ ilẹ̀ Sìmbábúè|Àṣọ Ìjà]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì orílẹ̀-èdè tí wọ́n sì yàwòrán rẹ̀ nínú [[Àsìá ilẹ̀ Sìmbábúè|àsíá tuntun Zimbabwe]] . Lẹ́yìn ìdásílẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Zimbabwe]] òde òní ní ọdún 1980, wọ́n ti lo Great Zimbabwe láti ṣàfarawé àti láti fi àwọn ìlànà ìyípadà ìjọba aláṣẹ sí òfin. Ní àkọ́kọ́, wọ́n jiyàn pé ó dúró fún irú “socialism ti Áfíríkà” ṣáájú ìgbà ìjọba amúnisìn, lẹ́yìn náà, àfiyèsí yí sí fífi ìdàgbàsókè àdánidá ti ìkójọpọ̀ ọrọ̀ àti agbára láàrín àwọn olórí ìjọba kan hàn. Àpẹẹrẹ kan lára àwọn ìwé àkọ́kọ́ ni ìwé kékeré Ken Mufuka, <ref>{{Cite book|title=Dzimbahwe: Life and Politics in the Golden Age, 1100–1500 A.D.|publisher=Harare Publishing House|year=1983|page=58|last=K. Nyamayaro Mufuka|last2=K. Muzvidzwa|last3=J. Nemerai}}</ref> bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n ti ṣe àríwísí iṣẹ́ náà gidigidi. <ref name="Kaarsholm" /> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Garlake|first1=Peter|title=Ken Mufuka and Great Zimbabwe|journal=Antiquity|volume=58|year=1984|pages=121–23}}</ref> Wọ́n tún fi ilé gogoro kan ti Nla Zimbabwe hàn lára àmì ẹ̀yẹ Zimbabwe. Wọ́n ti kó àwọn iṣẹ́-ọnà gbígbẹ́ kan kúrò ní Great Zimbabwe ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1890, wọ́n sì tà wọ́n fún Cecil Rhodes; ó nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí wọn gan-an, ó sì ní kí wọ́n ṣe àwọn àwòkọṣe wọn tí ó fi fún àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀. Púpọ̀ nínú àwọn iṣẹ́-ọnà náà ti padà sí Zimbabwe báyìí, ṣùgbọ́n ọ̀kan ṣì wà ní ilé àtijọ́ Rhodes, ìyẹn Groote Schuur, ní Cape Town. == Àwọn ìwòye láti àgbègbè == Fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn agbègbè ìbílẹ̀, a kò kàn rí Great Zimbabwe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé tàbí ìtàn lásán, ṣùgbọ́n gẹ́gẹ́ bí ibi ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé tí ó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbésí ayé ẹ̀mí àti ọrọ̀ ajé wọn. <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|last=Buren|first1=Frida|title=Great Zimbabwe as Illustrated|url=https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1443457/FULLTEXT01.pdf|journal=}}</ref> Sibẹsibẹ, awọn oluwadi kan ṣe akiyesi pe niwọn igba ti awọn onimọ-jinlẹ igba ni aṣẹ nitori lilo ọna imọ-jinlẹ ati pe wọn sọ pe wọn jẹ otitọ, awọn oju-iwoye wọn ni o ṣe pataki julọ, ti o ya awọn oju-iwoye agbegbe kuro. <ref name=":6" /> Nítorí náà, a sábà máa ń wo ohun ìrántí náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ibi ìtàn àròsọ dípò ibi àṣà tí ó ṣì ní ìtumọ̀ fún àwọn agbègbè. <ref name=":6" /> == Hótẹ́ẹ̀lì Ńlá Zimbabwe == Ní ọdún 1902, ní àsìkò ìjọba àmúnisìn, wọ́n kọ́ Hótéẹ̀lì Great Zimbabwe láti pèsè ibùgbé fún àwọn ará Rhodesia àti àwọn ará Europe mìíràn tí wọ́n ń ṣèbẹ̀wò sí àwọn ibi ìrántí Great Zimbabwe Monuments. Ótẹ́ẹ̀lì náà wà láàárín àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Great Zimbabwe, ó sì ti jẹ́ kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìdààmú láàárín àwọn olùṣàkóso hótẹ́ẹ̀lì náà, Àwọn Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé àti Àwọn Ààmì-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé ti Zimbabwe (NMMZ), àti àwọn agbègbè agbègbè tí ó yí i ká. <ref name=":7" /> Ní àkọ́kọ́, àwọn ará Yúróòpù nìkan ni wọ́n yà sọ́tọ̀ fún ní hótéẹ̀lì náà, wọn kò sì fún àwọn ará Áfíríkà ní àǹfààní láti wọ inú hótéẹ̀lì náà àti àwọn ohun ìrántí náà. Wọn kò gbà kí àwọn ará ìlú rìn kiri ní gbọ̀ngàn ilé ìtura náà, nítorí pé wọ́n sábà máa ń kọ̀ láti wọlé nítorí aṣọ, aṣọ, tàbí ipò wọn láwùjọ. Àwọn ará ìlú tí wọ́n gbé àpò, tí wọ́n wọ ṣókí (àwọn ọkùnrin), bàtà, aṣọ tí ó ti ya, tàbí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ fún ìṣeré àṣà ni wọ́n sábà máa ń kọ̀ láti bá wọn lọ. <ref name=":7" /> Àjọṣepọ̀ láàárín hótẹ́ẹ̀lì náà àti àwọn ohun ìrántí náà jẹ́ ti ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ ní ọdún 1980 àti 1990, nígbà tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ilẹ̀ Yúróòpù ń ṣàkóso àwọn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ méjèèjì. Ní àkókò yìí, wọ́n gbà àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìrántí náà ní hótéẹ̀lì, wọ́n sì máa ń fún wọn ní àǹfààní láti jẹun àti láti lo àwọn ohun èlò ìtọ́jú ara lọ́fẹ̀ẹ́ nígbà míì. Sibẹsibẹ, awọn wahala pọ si lẹhin ti iṣakoso awọn ohun iranti ti yipada si awọn alakoso Afirika. Àríyànjiyàn wáyé lórí àwọn ọ̀nà tí a lè gbà wọlé, lílo àwọn ohun àlùmọ́nì, àti àwọn ìdàgbàsókè láàárín agbègbè ìwádìí ìgbàanì, títí kan kíkọ́ àwọn ibi ìpàgọ́ àti àwọn táǹkì septic láìsí ìwádìí lọ́wọ́ NMMZ. <ref name=":7" /> Wọ́n tún darí àwọn bọ́ọ̀sì tí wọ́n gbé àwọn àlejò ìrántí sí láti yẹra fún rírìn kọjá ní gbọ̀ngàn hótéẹ̀lì nítorí pé àwọn arìnrìn-àjò “ń pariwo púpọ̀” tàbí wọ́n máa ń kọrin nígbà tí wọ́n bá dé nítorí ìdùnnú. <ref name=":7" /> == Ile-ẹkọ giga giga Zimbabwe ==   Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìjọba Zimbabwe fọwọ́ sí ìdásílẹ̀ yunifásítì kan ní agbègbè àwọn àwókù náà. Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga yìí jẹ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí ó dá lórí iṣẹ́ ọnà àti àṣà tí ó fa ìtàn ọlọ́rọ̀ ti àwọn ohun ìrántí náà. Ibùdó pàtàkì ti yunifásítì náà wà nítòsí àwọn ibi ìrántí pẹ̀lú àwọn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ mìíràn ní àárín ìlú àti Mashava. Awọn ile-iwe pẹlu Herbet Chitepo Law School, Robert Mugabe School of Education, Gary Magadzire School of Agriculture and Natural Science, Simon Muzenda School of Arts, ati Munhumutapa School of Commerce. == Àwòrán ibi ìkópamọ́ ==   == Àwọn Àkíyèsí == {{Main|Great Zimbabwe University}}<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" class="center"> File:Great_Zimbabwe_(Donjon).jpg|alt=The Conical Tower| Ilé Gogoro Konika File:Soapstone_birds_on_pedestals.jpg|alt=Soapstone Zimbabwe Birds found in the ruins, photographed c. 1891 (from J.T. Bent's Ruined Cities of Mashonaland, London, 1892, p.181)| Àwọn ẹyẹ Soapstone Zimbabwe tí a rí nínú àwọn àwókù náà, tí a yàwòrán wọn ''ní nǹkan bí'' ọdún 1891 (láti inú ìwé JT Bent's ''Ruined Cities of Mashonaland'', London, 1892, ojú ìwé 181) File:Wood_Carving_in_Zimbabwe_01.jpg|alt=Modern wood carving at the entrance of the Great Zimbabwe| Gígé igi òde òní ní ẹnu ọ̀nà Great Zimbabwe File:Zimbabwe_wall.jpg|alt=The Great Enclosure| Ààbò Ńlá File:Wall_of_the_great_enclosure,_Great_Zimbabwe.JPG|alt=The Great Enclosure (close)| Àpótí Ńlá (tí a ti sún mọ́) File:Wall_of_the_great_enclosure_(far),_Great_Zimbabwe.JPG|alt=The Great Enclosure (far)| Ààbò Ńlá (jìnnà) File:Great-Zimbabwe-3.jpg|alt=The Hill Complex from the Valley| Ilé Òkè láti Àfonífojì File:Zimbabwe_wooden_lintel.jpg|alt=Wooden lintel in doorway| Ààmì igi ní ẹnu ọ̀nà </gallery> == Wo tun == * Àwọn àlàpà míràn ní Zimbabwe ** Bumbusi ** Danangómbe ** Naletale ** Khami ** Ziwa ** Kopje Àmọ̀tẹ́kùn ** Mapela, Zimbabwe * Àwọn àlàpà tó jọra níta Zimbabwe ** Manyikeni – ibi ìṣẹ̀dálẹ̀ ohun ìgbàanì ará Mozambique tí a gbàgbọ́ pé ó jẹ́ ara àṣà ìkọ́lé ní Zimbabwe Ńlá * Àwọn àlàpà tó jọra níta Zimbabwe ** Àwọn àwókù òkúta Blaauboschkraal ní [[Mpumalanga]], [[Gúúsù Áfríkà|South Africa]] ** Machadodorp baKoni ahoro ni [[Mpumalanga]], [[Gúúsù Áfríkà|South Africa]] ** Engaruka ni [[Agbègbè Arusha|Arusha Region]], [[Tanzania]] ** Awọn ahoro Kweneng ni [[Gauteng]], [[Gúúsù Áfríkà|South Africa]] ** Mapungubwe in [[Limpopo]], [[Gúúsù Áfríkà|South Africa]] ** Thimlich Ohinga okuta dabaru ni Migori County, [[Kenya]] * Àwọn Megaliths * Iṣowo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ agbegbe ni Ila-oorun Afirika == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Notelist}} == Àwọn Orísun == == Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde == [[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]] 76rqek2aqwuzflwyzd1p5fppvlhhvaq 0 84478 637084 2026-09-16T17:45:38Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373739063|Handbag]]" 637084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí a mọ̀ sí "'''Purse"''' nínu èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá Àríwá ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà, jẹ́ [[Àpò-atọwọ́mú|àpò]] tí ó ní apá ìgbàmú tí a fi ń gbé àwọn nǹkan ara ẹni. Wọ́n tún ń pè é ní "pocketbook" ní àwọn apá kan ní Amẹ́ríkà nhj8lxp8gzyg7rn2eau8pk0h79fx1ic 637085 637084 2026-09-16T17:50:10Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637085 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn wọ́n tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi '''purse''' Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà [[North American English]], ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó ní owó ìgbámú [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d medium-to-large [[bag]] tí wọ́n ń lọ láti kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ofk2bpiduiemwjacwxnjzblq9miuvq1 637086 637085 2026-09-16T17:50:58Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi '''purse''' Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà [[North American English]], ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó ní owó ìgbámú [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d medium-to-large [[bag]] tí wọ́n ń lọ láti kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . djf2jc0qdl8pma4s4dilw00ifqreyz1 637087 637086 2026-09-16T17:52:15Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637087 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi '''purse''' Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà [[North American English]], ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" medium-to-large [[bag]] tí wọ́n ń lọ láti kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . 0zub9qbts79vb5p035cryhs4d8zonw1 637088 637087 2026-09-16T17:54:23Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637088 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi '''purse''' Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà [[North American English]], ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . qirn4nmh1pdcaludo7byxmsoi6zx3i5 637089 637088 2026-09-16T17:54:50Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi '''purse''' Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . f2v5gzs83r1tasv4pxkw39zco8vkww8 637090 637089 2026-09-16T17:56:31Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . 8pe51kiipl5n5of32cfegm2wpnp2jzu 637091 637090 2026-09-16T18:35:16Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* */ 637091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré [[coin purse|small money bag]]. sd6006zsclgj3v3q3p8rkqhvmcfpgiw 637092 637091 2026-09-16T18:36:10Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe */ 637092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" lp0whggkutczaqzc563oa5n15cdu9sw 637094 637092 2026-09-16T18:52:54Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe */ 637094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> rm8del7sm9k9a4aj09nyl8g7kc8hheh 637096 637094 2026-09-16T19:08:15Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe */ 637096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> hg95yxc9a3of9kjnh60ppya2iz6rp40 637097 637096 2026-09-16T19:10:49Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe */ 637097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === gk5627us5asqz3yb03xs7xdhjlaezki 637099 637097 2026-09-16T20:40:52Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ */ 637099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òní wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní ilé Egypt ayé àtijó [[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]] ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]] lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. 80eoi3624vonlsknje42tedegaq3g8f 637100 637099 2026-09-16T20:42:28Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ */ 637100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òní wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. tu9olovg03qdwxtk31ggt8br7o960yp 637136 637100 2026-09-17T06:52:54Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ */ 637136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òní wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. shg31usao25d80lacoo11pt2agc8j4w 637137 637136 2026-09-17T06:53:32Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó */ 637137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. 1ibhzoaui3t72h06bkqmgtzqd20i800 637139 637137 2026-09-17T06:55:05Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ */ 637139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] dutpufmfg5alqtfebrqjphw53j670pd 637141 637139 2026-09-17T06:59:42Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ */ 637141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, óun ni wọ́n ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> rgh6hbybuioozhvhs9n6szhma3xqxej 637142 637141 2026-09-17T07:01:00Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. */ 637142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> s1n079pigeerk41e5zgj88ov6mq7mv6 637143 637142 2026-09-17T07:12:16Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. */ 637143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] 1bbxd4u2u7cyo92hifqbjv69cs2cgqt 637144 637143 2026-09-17T07:21:35Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. */ 637144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] amdeyqandje56iac75rxwdqcls1lvq7 637145 637144 2026-09-17T07:23:01Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. */ 637145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] 1bbxd4u2u7cyo92hifqbjv69cs2cgqt 637148 637145 2026-09-17T07:23:13Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé */ 637148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> 76lk9uc12qhgauz4rdpm6wl9fwg1ukf 637151 637148 2026-09-17T07:39:37Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé */ 637151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> Ní ìgbà tí yí ọ fi di ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, fásíònù ni ile Europe tí ń sún sì apá ẹ̀yà ara ti o pẹlẹbẹ pẹ̀lú ìwúrí Àwòrán òjìjì láti ilé Greece àti Rome àtijó. Àwọn obìnrin fẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí kò ní ní àkùdí lára ti kò sì tún ní tóbi ni ìrísí, fún ìdí èyí, wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Reticule (handbag)|''reticules'']] jáde. Àwọn àpò Reticules ni wón ṣe láti ara òwú kòkòrò àti aṣọ àrán, tí ó sì ní okùn ìfàlówó. Ó kọ́kọ́ di gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ France, lẹ́yìn náà ni ó ré kọjá sí ilè Britain, níbi tí wọ́n ti di òun kòsémáání.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hagerty|first=Barbara G. S.|title=Handbags: a peek inside a woman's most trusted accessory|year=2002|publisher=[[Running Press Book Publishers]]|isbn=0-7624-1330-1|pages=14–5}}</ref> bótilèjépé ó di kòsémááni, àwọn ọkùnrin ó tẹ̀lé asa náà, dípò àwọn n ló àwọn àpò-ọwọ́ àti àpò ara ṣòkòtò [[pocket]]s, lèyí tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin <ref name="burman83">{{cite book|editor-last1=Burman |editor-first1=Barbara |editor-first2=Carole |editor-last2=Turbin|title=Material Strategies: Dress and Gender in Historical Perspective|year=2003|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]]|isbn=978-1-4051-0906-2|pages=83–4}}</ref> 7gtx78w3dldyet9v8ledkxwvmpkx4bp 637153 637151 2026-09-17T07:46:40Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé */ 637153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> Ní ìgbà tí yí ọ fi di ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, fásíònù ni ile Europe tí ń sún sì apá ẹ̀yà ara ti o pẹlẹbẹ pẹ̀lú ìwúrí Àwòrán òjìjì láti ilé Greece àti Rome àtijó. Àwọn obìnrin fẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí kò ní ní àkùdí lára ti kò sì tún ní tóbi ni ìrísí, fún ìdí èyí, wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Reticule (handbag)|''reticules'']] jáde. Àwọn àpò Reticules ni wón ṣe láti ara òwú kòkòrò àti aṣọ àrán, tí ó sì ní okùn ìfàlówó. Ó kọ́kọ́ di gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ France, lẹ́yìn náà ni ó ré kọjá sí ilè Britain, níbi tí wọ́n ti di òun kòsémáání.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hagerty|first=Barbara G. S.|title=Handbags: a peek inside a woman's most trusted accessory|year=2002|publisher=[[Running Press Book Publishers]]|isbn=0-7624-1330-1|pages=14–5}}</ref> bótilèjépé ó di kòsémááni, àwọn ọkùnrin ó tẹ̀lé asa náà, dípò àwọn n ló àwọn àpò-ọwọ́ àti àpò ara ṣòkòtò [[pocket]]s, lèyí tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin <ref name="burman83">{{cite book|editor-last1=Burman |editor-first1=Barbara |editor-first2=Carole |editor-last2=Turbin|title=Material Strategies: Dress and Gender in Historical Perspective|year=2003|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]]|isbn=978-1-4051-0906-2|pages=83–4}}</ref> Àwọn Àpò-ọwọ́ ìgbàlódé bí, clutch, pouch, tàbí Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn jẹyọ ni ilẹ̀ England ni àkókò ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú "[[Industrial Revolution]]" , látàrí ìrìnkèrindò pẹ̀lú ọkọ̀ ojú-irin tí ó wọ́pọ̀ si. Bí ọdún 1841, oníṣòwò ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[Doncaster]], Samuel Parkinson (tí ó gbajúmọ̀ fún [[butterscotch]]) péè fún ṣíṣe àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí ó sì tún tẹpẹlẹ mo ṣíṣe irúfé àpótí ìrìnàjò béè na fún ìyàwó rè lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣe àkíyèsí wípé ni Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìyàwó rè kéré láti gba àwọn ẹrú tí èròjà tí wọ́n sì tún fi pèlò rẹ jẹ èyí tí kò ní agbára tó láti gbé rìn ìrìn-àjò. 83ucpr5mp1we4nln0m2m9mphp41dj7j 637160 637153 2026-09-17T09:06:13Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé */ 637160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> Ní ìgbà tí yí ọ fi di ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, fásíònù ni ile Europe tí ń sún sì apá ẹ̀yà ara ti o pẹlẹbẹ pẹ̀lú ìwúrí Àwòrán òjìjì láti ilé Greece àti Rome àtijó. Àwọn obìnrin fẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí kò ní ní àkùdí lára ti kò sì tún ní tóbi ni ìrísí, fún ìdí èyí, wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Reticule (handbag)|''reticules'']] jáde. Àwọn àpò Reticules ni wón ṣe láti ara òwú kòkòrò àti aṣọ àrán, tí ó sì ní okùn ìfàlówó. Ó kọ́kọ́ di gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ France, lẹ́yìn náà ni ó ré kọjá sí ilè Britain, níbi tí wọ́n ti di òun kòsémáání.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hagerty|first=Barbara G. S.|title=Handbags: a peek inside a woman's most trusted accessory|year=2002|publisher=[[Running Press Book Publishers]]|isbn=0-7624-1330-1|pages=14–5}}</ref> bótilèjépé ó di kòsémááni, àwọn ọkùnrin ó tẹ̀lé asa náà, dípò àwọn n ló àwọn àpò-ọwọ́ àti àpò ara ṣòkòtò [[pocket]]s, lèyí tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin <ref name="burman83">{{cite book|editor-last1=Burman |editor-first1=Barbara |editor-first2=Carole |editor-last2=Turbin|title=Material Strategies: Dress and Gender in Historical Perspective|year=2003|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]]|isbn=978-1-4051-0906-2|pages=83–4}}</ref> Àwọn Àpò-ọwọ́ ìgbàlódé bí, clutch, pouch, tàbí Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn jẹyọ ni ilẹ̀ England ni àkókò ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú "[[Industrial Revolution]]" , látàrí ìrìnkèrindò pẹ̀lú ọkọ̀ ojú-irin tí ó wọ́pọ̀ si. Bí ọdún 1841, oníṣòwò ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[Doncaster]], Samuel Parkinson (tí ó gbajúmọ̀ fún [[butterscotch]]) péè fún ṣíṣe àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí ó sì tún tẹpẹlẹ mo ṣíṣe irúfé àpótí ìrìnàjò béè na fún ìyàwó rè lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣe àkíyèsí wípé ni Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìyàwó rè kéré láti gba àwọn ẹrú tí èròjà tí wọ́n sì tún fi pèlò rẹ jẹ èyí tí kò ní agbára tó láti gbé rìn ìrìn-àjò. Ó tẹpẹlẹ mọ wípe ní òun fẹ́ oríṣiríṣi Àpò-ìléwọ́ fún ìyàwó òun, tí títóbi rẹ yí ọ yàtò sì arawon fún lílò fún àwọn oríṣi òde, pẹ̀lú àlàyé wípé ni kí wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ na láti ara awo kanna tí wọ́n lọ fún àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí òun lójúnà áti ṣe ìyàtò láàrin ti ti ẹ àti Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí [[carpetbag]] tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ìgbà na òún, àti láàrin àwọn àwọn àpò ìléwó aláṣọ tí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn ìgbà òun lò. [[H. J. Cave & Sons|H. J. Cave]] (London) gbà sì lénu, ó sì ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ òsò àkókò, èyí tí àá padà dámò lónìí yí, ní arawon ni ati rí àpò ìpamọ́wọ́ "clutch bag" àti àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé fẹ́lẹ́ ṣe tote (tí wọ́n ń pè ní Báágì ìrìn-àjò obìnrin "ladies traveling case"). Àwọn eléyi ni wọn wá ní yàrá ìfihàn àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ -ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé "[[Museum of Bags and Purses]]" ní Amsterdam.{{citation needed|date=May 2026}} 8ipt2ti9x2nrqpg7mkvo6qphqg085uj 637161 637160 2026-09-17T09:16:29Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé */ 637161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> Ní ìgbà tí yí ọ fi di ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, fásíònù ni ile Europe tí ń sún sì apá ẹ̀yà ara ti o pẹlẹbẹ pẹ̀lú ìwúrí Àwòrán òjìjì láti ilé Greece àti Rome àtijó. Àwọn obìnrin fẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí kò ní ní àkùdí lára ti kò sì tún ní tóbi ni ìrísí, fún ìdí èyí, wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Reticule (handbag)|''reticules'']] jáde. Àwọn àpò Reticules ni wón ṣe láti ara òwú kòkòrò àti aṣọ àrán, tí ó sì ní okùn ìfàlówó. Ó kọ́kọ́ di gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ France, lẹ́yìn náà ni ó ré kọjá sí ilè Britain, níbi tí wọ́n ti di òun kòsémáání.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hagerty|first=Barbara G. S.|title=Handbags: a peek inside a woman's most trusted accessory|year=2002|publisher=[[Running Press Book Publishers]]|isbn=0-7624-1330-1|pages=14–5}}</ref> bótilèjépé ó di kòsémááni, àwọn ọkùnrin ó tẹ̀lé asa náà, dípò àwọn n ló àwọn àpò-ọwọ́ àti àpò ara ṣòkòtò [[pocket]]s, lèyí tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin <ref name="burman83">{{cite book|editor-last1=Burman |editor-first1=Barbara |editor-first2=Carole |editor-last2=Turbin|title=Material Strategies: Dress and Gender in Historical Perspective|year=2003|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]]|isbn=978-1-4051-0906-2|pages=83–4}}</ref> Àwọn Àpò-ọwọ́ ìgbàlódé bí, clutch, pouch, tàbí Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn jẹyọ ni ilẹ̀ England ni àkókò ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú "[[Industrial Revolution]]" , látàrí ìrìnkèrindò pẹ̀lú ọkọ̀ ojú-irin tí ó wọ́pọ̀ si. Bí ọdún 1841, oníṣòwò ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[Doncaster]], Samuel Parkinson (tí ó gbajúmọ̀ fún [[butterscotch]]) péè fún ṣíṣe àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí ó sì tún tẹpẹlẹ mo ṣíṣe irúfé àpótí ìrìnàjò béè na fún ìyàwó rè lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣe àkíyèsí wípé ni Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìyàwó rè kéré láti gba àwọn ẹrú tí èròjà tí wọ́n sì tún fi pèlò rẹ jẹ èyí tí kò ní agbára tó láti gbé rìn ìrìn-àjò. Ó tẹpẹlẹ mọ wípe ní òun fẹ́ oríṣiríṣi Àpò-ìléwọ́ fún ìyàwó òun, tí títóbi rẹ yí ọ yàtò sì arawon fún lílò fún àwọn oríṣi òde, pẹ̀lú àlàyé wípé ni kí wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ na láti ara awo kanna tí wọ́n lọ fún àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí òun lójúnà áti ṣe ìyàtò láàrin ti ti ẹ àti Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí [[carpetbag]] tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ìgbà na òún, àti láàrin àwọn àwọn àpò ìléwó aláṣọ tí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn ìgbà òun lò. [[H. J. Cave & Sons|H. J. Cave]] (London) gbà sì lénu, ó sì ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ òsò àkókò, èyí tí àá padà dámò lónìí yí, ní arawon ni ati rí àpò ìpamọ́wọ́ "clutch bag" àti àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé fẹ́lẹ́ ṣe tote (tí wọ́n ń pè ní Báágì ìrìn-àjò obìnrin "ladies traveling case"). Àwọn eléyi ni wọn wá ní yàrá ìfihàn àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ -ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé "[[Museum of Bags and Purses]]" ní Amsterdam.{{citation needed|date=May 2026}} H. J. Cave tẹ̀síwájú láti máa ṣe ìpolówó àti títà àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ yìí, àmọ́ òpò àwọn alátakọ̀ sọ wípé àwọn obìnrín kò nílò àwọn báágì ìléwó bí irú eléyì nítorí wípé níse ni yio má dá wọn lẹ́yìn látàrí àwọn òun ìpèlò wúwo tí wọ́n fi ṣe wọ́n. H. J. Cave dáwọ́dúró ìpolówó Báágì òún dúró lẹ́yìn ọdún 1865, tí ó sì gbájúmó àwọn Àpótí-aṣọ, bótilèjépé wọn sì ń tẹ̀síwájú láti má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun fún àwọn Lóba-Lóba, Àwọn ènìyàn jàǹkàn-jàǹkàn tí wọ́n gbajúmọ̀, àti láti ṣe ayẹyẹ àwọn àjọ̀dún kòkan,bi ayẹyẹ tí "Queen's 2012 Diamond Jubilee" tí ọdún 2012. H. J. Cave bèrè ṣíṣe Àpò-ìléwọ́ padà ní ọdún 2010.<ref>{{cite news|first=Philippa |last=Stockley |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/philippa-stockley-yes-the-contents-mean-a-lot-but-its-the-bag-that-matters-most-8100587.html |title=Yes, the contents mean a lot, but it's the bag that matters most |newspaper=The Independent |date=2 September 2012 |access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref> 437df766oew6341ruqvpjtannxcemv5 637162 637161 2026-09-17T09:19:23Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé */ 637162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> Ní ìgbà tí yí ọ fi di ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, fásíònù ni ile Europe tí ń sún sì apá ẹ̀yà ara ti o pẹlẹbẹ pẹ̀lú ìwúrí Àwòrán òjìjì láti ilé Greece àti Rome àtijó. Àwọn obìnrin fẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí kò ní ní àkùdí lára ti kò sì tún ní tóbi ni ìrísí, fún ìdí èyí, wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Reticule (handbag)|''reticules'']] jáde. Àwọn àpò Reticules ni wón ṣe láti ara òwú kòkòrò àti aṣọ àrán, tí ó sì ní okùn ìfàlówó. Ó kọ́kọ́ di gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ France, lẹ́yìn náà ni ó ré kọjá sí ilè Britain, níbi tí wọ́n ti di òun kòsémáání.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hagerty|first=Barbara G. S.|title=Handbags: a peek inside a woman's most trusted accessory|year=2002|publisher=[[Running Press Book Publishers]]|isbn=0-7624-1330-1|pages=14–5}}</ref> bótilèjépé ó di kòsémááni, àwọn ọkùnrin ó tẹ̀lé asa náà, dípò àwọn n ló àwọn àpò-ọwọ́ àti àpò ara ṣòkòtò [[pocket]]s, lèyí tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin <ref name="burman83">{{cite book|editor-last1=Burman |editor-first1=Barbara |editor-first2=Carole |editor-last2=Turbin|title=Material Strategies: Dress and Gender in Historical Perspective|year=2003|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]]|isbn=978-1-4051-0906-2|pages=83–4}}</ref> Àwọn Àpò-ọwọ́ ìgbàlódé bí, clutch, pouch, tàbí Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn jẹyọ ni ilẹ̀ England ni àkókò ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú "[[Industrial Revolution]]" , látàrí ìrìnkèrindò pẹ̀lú ọkọ̀ ojú-irin tí ó wọ́pọ̀ si. Bí ọdún 1841, oníṣòwò ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[Doncaster]], Samuel Parkinson (tí ó gbajúmọ̀ fún [[butterscotch]]) péè fún ṣíṣe àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí ó sì tún tẹpẹlẹ mo ṣíṣe irúfé àpótí ìrìnàjò béè na fún ìyàwó rè lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣe àkíyèsí wípé ni Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìyàwó rè kéré láti gba àwọn ẹrú tí èròjà tí wọ́n sì tún fi pèlò rẹ jẹ èyí tí kò ní agbára tó láti gbé rìn ìrìn-àjò. Ó tẹpẹlẹ mọ wípe ní òun fẹ́ oríṣiríṣi Àpò-ìléwọ́ fún ìyàwó òun, tí títóbi rẹ yí ọ yàtò sì arawon fún lílò fún àwọn oríṣi òde, pẹ̀lú àlàyé wípé ni kí wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ na láti ara awo kanna tí wọ́n lọ fún àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí òun lójúnà áti ṣe ìyàtò láàrin ti ti ẹ àti Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí [[carpetbag]] tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ìgbà na òún, àti láàrin àwọn àwọn àpò ìléwó aláṣọ tí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn ìgbà òun lò. [[H. J. Cave & Sons|H. J. Cave]] (London) gbà sì lénu, ó sì ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ òsò àkókò, èyí tí àá padà dámò lónìí yí, ní arawon ni ati rí àpò ìpamọ́wọ́ "clutch bag" àti àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé fẹ́lẹ́ ṣe tote (tí wọ́n ń pè ní Báágì ìrìn-àjò obìnrin "ladies traveling case"). Àwọn eléyi ni wọn wá ní yàrá ìfihàn àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ -ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé "[[Museum of Bags and Purses]]" ní Amsterdam.{{citation needed|date=May 2026}} H. J. Cave tẹ̀síwájú láti máa ṣe ìpolówó àti títà àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ yìí, àmọ́ òpò àwọn alátakọ̀ sọ wípé àwọn obìnrín kò nílò àwọn báágì ìléwó bí irú eléyì nítorí wípé níse ni yio má dá wọn lẹ́yìn látàrí àwọn òun ìpèlò wúwo tí wọ́n fi ṣe wọ́n. H. J. Cave dáwọ́dúró ìpolówó Báágì òún dúró lẹ́yìn ọdún 1865, tí ó sì gbájúmó àwọn Àpótí-aṣọ, bótilèjépé wọn sì ń tẹ̀síwájú láti má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun fún àwọn Lóba-Lóba, Àwọn ènìyàn jàǹkàn-jàǹkàn tí wọ́n gbajúmọ̀, àti láti ṣe ayẹyẹ àwọn àjọ̀dún kòkan,bi ayẹyẹ tí "Queen's 2012 Diamond Jubilee" tí ọdún 2012. H. J. Cave bèrè ṣíṣe Àpò-ìléwọ́ padà ní ọdún 2010.<ref>{{cite news|first=Philippa |last=Stockley |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/philippa-stockley-yes-the-contents-mean-a-lot-but-its-the-bag-that-matters-most-8100587.html |title=Yes, the contents mean a lot, but it's the bag that matters most |newspaper=The Independent |date=2 September 2012 |access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref> == Àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni Sànmánì ìgbà ọ̀rúndún ogún == {{Expand section|date=November 2011}} [[File:SandrineNosbé (cropped).jpg|thumb|Handbag over the shoulder]] 3b27m3dbn4zh2trmzmyyw4iayikwe1q 637164 637162 2026-09-17T09:29:35Z Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim 31612 /* Àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni Sànmánì ìgbà ọ̀rúndún ogún */ 637164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Handled bag used to carry personal items}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Original research|date=September 2011}} [[File:Mi'kmaq porcupine quill purse (40412695490).jpg|thumb|right|Mi'kmaq porcupine quill handbag]] '''Àpò-ìléwọ́''', tí ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́bi Àpò-Owó "'''purse'''" Nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí apá ilẹ̀ àríwá Amẹrikà "[[North American English]]" , ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ "[[bag]]" kékeré tí ó ní owó tí èyàn lè fi gbáamú " [[Handle (grip)|handle]]d" tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi kọ́ àwọn ẹrù ara ẹni. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ní ilé Amẹrikà, wọn tí fi ìgbà kan pèé ni '''pocketbook''' . ==Àkójọpọ̀ àwọn èdè-àkànṣe == Òrò èdè ẹ "purse" òun ni wón kókó lọ fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò kékeré tí wọ́n ń kó àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì nínú. Ní àwọn ìlú àti orílẹ̀ èdè tí wọ́n ń tí ń sọ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, òun ni wó ń tí ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ọwọ́ kékeré "[[coin purse|small money bag]]" "Àpò-ìléwọ́" je Báágì tí ó tóbi díẹ̀ tí ó lè gbà àwọn òpò ǹkan bi ọwọ́ àti àwọn ǹkan èlò tí ara ẹni míràn. Àwọn elédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ilé Amẹrikà sábà má ń lọ ọ̀rọ̀ "purse àti handbag" sì arawon. Ìlo ọ̀rọ̀ ''handbag'' òun ni ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí mí jeyo ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900s. Télètélè , won sábà má ń lọ láti fi tókasí àpò ìléwó àwọn ọkùnrin. Àpò àwọn obìnrin gbèrègèjigè sì ni ìwọ̀n, ni àwọn àkókò yí, tí wọ́n sì lọ ọ̀rọ̀ na mo lọ́rùn.<ref>{{cite book|last=Browning|first=Marie|title=Purse Pizzazz|year=2006|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4027-4065-7|page=8}}</ref> "Pocketbook" tún jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀ míràn tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi ṣe àpèjúwe àpò ìléwó àwọn obìnrin tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ United States ni àwọn nǹkan bí owó àárín ọgúnjó ọ̀rúndún.<ref>{{cite book | last=Wilcox | first=C. | title=A Century of Bags: Icons of Style in the 20th Century | publisher=Universal International | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-876142-36-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9UaAAAACAAJ | access-date=March 19, 2024 | page=11}}</ref> == Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ == === Àwọn Ohun Àrà Àtijó === Ní ayé ìgbà àtijó, àwọn àpò baagi òun ni wọn ń lò láti fi kọ́ àwọn ǹkan bi, òkúta, irin-isé, ǹkan ìjà, àti ọwọ́. Àwọn àpẹrẹ àpò báyìí ni wọn ṣe àwárí wọn ní àwọn ayé ìsìnkú ilẹ̀ Egypt ayé àtijó "[[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|Egyptian burial sites]]" ({{circa}} 2686–2160 BCE) tí wọ́n ṣe wọn pẹ̀lú awo pẹ̀lú ọwọ́ méjì tí wọ́n fi igi ṣe fún gbígbé.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-27 |title=The History Of Bags |url=https://lux-collector.com/blogs/blog/the-history-of-bags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LuxCollector Vintage |language=en}}</ref> Àwọn ènìyàn ayé àtijó ni ilẹ̀ " [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]]" lo awo, ìwé 'papyrus' àti Àpò-ọwọ́ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sí ''byrsa'' láti fi àwọn ọwọ́ ẹyọ pamó lèyí tí ó jẹ́ Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì "purse". Bí ó ti di wípe ni ìdàgbàsókè ń bá ìrísí ọwọ́ òun ló ṣe okùnfà fún ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àpò-ìgbàdí olókùn tí wọ́n sábà má ń sọ mó ìbàdí tàbí kí wọ́n yìi mo aṣọ. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ kan ní wón ti ṣe àwárí [[Ötzi]], tí sèmí ni àwọn nkan ọdún 3350 sí 3105 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=From when did humans start carrying handbags? |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/from-when-did-humans-start-carrying-handbags |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=HT School |language=en-US}}</ref> ni ara àwọn àwárí ìṣáájú ni a ti rí àpò aláwo tí ó wá láti àwọn àkókò [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|Anglo-Saxon Britain]], ni nkan bí ọdún circa 625 CE, se àfihàn ojú oórì ọba Roewald ni bi Òkìtì [[Sutton Hoo]] ní [[Suffolk]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Anna |title=Fashions of Handbags and Purses |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/fashions-handbags-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> bótilèjépé awo ara Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ti gbóó, àwọn wúrà tí wọ́n fi ṣe òsó ara rẹ sì wà ní sepé. Nínú Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun, wọn ba ogójì ọwọ́ ẹyọ wúrà ni inu rẹ̀ tí wọ́n fi ìkọ́-bẹ́líìtì wúrà dìmú. Àwọn ìrísí yí jé àmì ọlá àti ipò, lèyí tí òun tọ́ka sí ara nkan ìní ìfi ọlá hàn. === Àkókò Ti Ọ̀làjú Kò i Tíì Tàn Kálẹ̀. === [[File:Bag Mosul Gambier Parry Courtauld Gallery.jpg|thumb|The [[Courtauld bag]], thought to be the world's oldest surviving handbag]] Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Courtauld bag]], òun ni wón ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípe ní wón se é ní [[Mosul]] ní àkókò ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1300s, tí wọ́n sí ní ní èrò pé òun ni ó jẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó dàgbà jùlọ nínú ayé títí di àkókò tí a Wàyí.<!-- Brown 2014 --> Ó sì dàbí ẹni wípé obìnrin ọlọ́lá kan ní [[Ilkhanate]] ni ó nií.<!-- Brown 2014 --><ref name="Brown 2014">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Mark |title=A handbag? Courtauld Gallery opens up identity of 700-year-old treasure |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/19/handbag-courtauld-gallery-identity-treasure-fashion |access-date=8 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref> === Orírun àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìgbàlódé === [[File:Woman's muslin dress and straw bonnet c. 1830.jpg|thumb|Women's fashion from 1830, including a ''reticule'' handbag from France<ref>{{cite web |url=http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=159955;type=101 |title=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |publisher=Collectionsonline.lacma.org |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024071222/http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record |archive-date=24 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]] Àti ọkùnrin, àti obìnrin ní wón ń lọ àpò Báágì títí di ńkan bí owó ìparí ọdún 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handbags and Purses {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/handbags-and-purses |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> àwọn ènìyàn ilé Europe ìgbàlódé ni wọn ń lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́ láti tójú ọwọ́ ẹyọ sì. Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn ṣe pẹ̀lú aṣọ fẹ́lẹ́fẹ́ tàbí awo [[leather]] tí ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ń sì ń lò wọ́n; ara ìlú Scott, tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ́ [[sporran]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ẹni tí wọ́n kópa nínú àṣà Àpò-ìléwọ́ yí. Ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún, àwọn ọmọdébìnrin ni wọn ń kó ni bí wọn ń ṣe hun aṣọ gẹ́gẹ́bi ara àwọn ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tí ṣe pàtàkì kí ọmọbìnrin ni kí ó tó lọ sí ilé ọkọ; eléyi náà sì má ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti lè má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí ó rẹwà.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://henriettashandbags.com/index.php?main_page=page&id=4|title=History of Handbags- From the 14th Century to Present Day Handbag Designers|last=Timmons|first=Henrietta|access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref> Ní ìgbà tí yí ọ fi di ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, fásíònù ni ile Europe tí ń sún sì apá ẹ̀yà ara ti o pẹlẹbẹ pẹ̀lú ìwúrí Àwòrán òjìjì láti ilé Greece àti Rome àtijó. Àwọn obìnrin fẹ́ Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí kò ní ní àkùdí lára ti kò sì tún ní tóbi ni ìrísí, fún ìdí èyí, wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ [[Reticule (handbag)|''reticules'']] jáde. Àwọn àpò Reticules ni wón ṣe láti ara òwú kòkòrò àti aṣọ àrán, tí ó sì ní okùn ìfàlówó. Ó kọ́kọ́ di gbajúmọ̀ ni ilẹ̀ France, lẹ́yìn náà ni ó ré kọjá sí ilè Britain, níbi tí wọ́n ti di òun kòsémáání.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hagerty|first=Barbara G. S.|title=Handbags: a peek inside a woman's most trusted accessory|year=2002|publisher=[[Running Press Book Publishers]]|isbn=0-7624-1330-1|pages=14–5}}</ref> bótilèjépé ó di kòsémááni, àwọn ọkùnrin ó tẹ̀lé asa náà, dípò àwọn n ló àwọn àpò-ọwọ́ àti àpò ara ṣòkòtò [[pocket]]s, lèyí tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin <ref name="burman83">{{cite book|editor-last1=Burman |editor-first1=Barbara |editor-first2=Carole |editor-last2=Turbin|title=Material Strategies: Dress and Gender in Historical Perspective|year=2003|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]]|isbn=978-1-4051-0906-2|pages=83–4}}</ref> Àwọn Àpò-ọwọ́ ìgbàlódé bí, clutch, pouch, tàbí Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni wọn jẹyọ ni ilẹ̀ England ni àkókò ìdàgbàsókè ọ̀làjú "[[Industrial Revolution]]" , látàrí ìrìnkèrindò pẹ̀lú ọkọ̀ ojú-irin tí ó wọ́pọ̀ si. Bí ọdún 1841, oníṣòwò ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[Doncaster]], Samuel Parkinson (tí ó gbajúmọ̀ fún [[butterscotch]]) péè fún ṣíṣe àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí ó sì tún tẹpẹlẹ mo ṣíṣe irúfé àpótí ìrìnàjò béè na fún ìyàwó rè lẹ́yìn tí ó ṣe àkíyèsí wípé ni Àpò-ìléwọ́ ìyàwó rè kéré láti gba àwọn ẹrú tí èròjà tí wọ́n sì tún fi pèlò rẹ jẹ èyí tí kò ní agbára tó láti gbé rìn ìrìn-àjò. Ó tẹpẹlẹ mọ wípe ní òun fẹ́ oríṣiríṣi Àpò-ìléwọ́ fún ìyàwó òun, tí títóbi rẹ yí ọ yàtò sì arawon fún lílò fún àwọn oríṣi òde, pẹ̀lú àlàyé wípé ni kí wọ́n ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ na láti ara awo kanna tí wọ́n lọ fún àwọn àpótí ìrìnàjò tí òun lójúnà áti ṣe ìyàtò láàrin ti ti ẹ àti Àpò-ìléwọ́ tí [[carpetbag]] tí ó gbajúmọ̀ ni ìgbà na òún, àti láàrin àwọn àwọn àpò ìléwó aláṣọ tí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn ìgbà òun lò. [[H. J. Cave & Sons|H. J. Cave]] (London) gbà sì lénu, ó sì ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ òsò àkókò, èyí tí àá padà dámò lónìí yí, ní arawon ni ati rí àpò ìpamọ́wọ́ "clutch bag" àti àpò tí wọ́n fi ìwé fẹ́lẹ́ ṣe tote (tí wọ́n ń pè ní Báágì ìrìn-àjò obìnrin "ladies traveling case"). Àwọn eléyi ni wọn wá ní yàrá ìfihàn àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ -ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé "[[Museum of Bags and Purses]]" ní Amsterdam.{{citation needed|date=May 2026}} H. J. Cave tẹ̀síwájú láti máa ṣe ìpolówó àti títà àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ yìí, àmọ́ òpò àwọn alátakọ̀ sọ wípé àwọn obìnrín kò nílò àwọn báágì ìléwó bí irú eléyì nítorí wípé níse ni yio má dá wọn lẹ́yìn látàrí àwọn òun ìpèlò wúwo tí wọ́n fi ṣe wọ́n. H. J. Cave dáwọ́dúró ìpolówó Báágì òún dúró lẹ́yìn ọdún 1865, tí ó sì gbájúmó àwọn Àpótí-aṣọ, bótilèjépé wọn sì ń tẹ̀síwájú láti má ṣe àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun fún àwọn Lóba-Lóba, Àwọn ènìyàn jàǹkàn-jàǹkàn tí wọ́n gbajúmọ̀, àti láti ṣe ayẹyẹ àwọn àjọ̀dún kòkan,bi ayẹyẹ tí "Queen's 2012 Diamond Jubilee" tí ọdún 2012. H. J. Cave bèrè ṣíṣe Àpò-ìléwọ́ padà ní ọdún 2010.<ref>{{cite news|first=Philippa |last=Stockley |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/philippa-stockley-yes-the-contents-mean-a-lot-but-its-the-bag-that-matters-most-8100587.html |title=Yes, the contents mean a lot, but it's the bag that matters most |newspaper=The Independent |date=2 September 2012 |access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref> == Àwọn Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni Sànmánì ìgbà ọ̀rúndún ogún == {{Expand section|date=November 2011}} [[File:SandrineNosbé (cropped).jpg|thumb|Handbag over the shoulder]] Ní àkókò ìgbà tí Àpò-ìléwọ́ bèrè sí mi ń di gbajúmọ̀, wọn ṣe àtakò won pẹ̀lú wípé ni Àpò-ìléwọ́ òun ni kò dàbí òun ti o jọ tí obìnrin. Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Sànmánì ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó, Sigmund Freud jiyàn pe Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni óun ṣe àpẹẹrẹ ìbálòpọ̀ látàrí pé ìrísí Àpò-ìléwọ́ ni ó jọ ojú ara obìnrin. Kí a tó mon lọ Àpò-ìléwọ́, àpò ni òun má ń wá nínú aṣọ obìnrin, lèyí tí ó fi àyè sílẹ̀ fún yíyọ nkan jáde ní gbangba ni ònà iyì àti ẹ̀yẹ tí ó ṣe àpónlé fún obìnrin. Nítorí pé Àpò-ìléwọ́ je èyí tí wọ́n ń gbé lọ́wọ́ ni gbangba, òùn ṣe àfihàn àwọn ǹkan ìní ara ẹni obìnrin síta fún gbọgbọ ayé rí. Ní ìwòye Freud, eléyi ni ó fi wé Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ fífi ọwọ́ pa ojú ara ní ọ̀nà ìbálòpọ̀.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Hiner|first=Susan|date=June 10, 2010|title=Accessories to Modernity: Fashion and the Feminine in Nineteenth-Century France|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt3fhhgk.10|access-date=May 11, 2021|website=JSTOR|publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Press]]|pages=178–210|jstor=j.ctt3fhhgk.10 }}</ref> o5tas5hmdcxj4u5j1b1w1ft1howg56y 0 84479 637095 2026-09-16T18:53:25Z TheAanuoluwa 24053 Mo dá ojúewé yìí 637095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|British actress (1932–1977)}}{{Use British English|date=October 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}{{Infobox person|name=Patricia Haines|image=Actress Patricia Haines.jpg|image_size=|caption=Haines in the ''[[The Avengers (TV series)|Avengers]]'' episode "Who's Who???" (1967)|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1932|2|3}}|birth_place=[[Sheffield]], [[West Riding of Yorkshire]], England|death_date={{death date and age|df=y|1977|2|25|1932|2|3}}|death_place=[[Northampton]], [[Northamptonshire]], England<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=William |title=Arise, Sir Michael Caine: The Biography |publisher=John Blake |year=2000 |isbn=978-1-903402-02-3}}</ref>|resting_place=|education=|alma_mater=|other_names=|occupation=Actress|years_active=1959–1976|spouse={{ubl|{{marriage|[[Michael Caine]]|1954|1958|end=div}}|{{marriage|[[Bernard Kay]]|1963}}}}|children=1}}'''Patricia Haines''' (ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kejì, ọdún 1932 – ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejì, ọdún 1977)<ref name="auto" /> jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì,<ref name="bfi">{{cite web|title=Patricia Haines|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0a9cdd|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311164832/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0a9cdd|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 March 2016|publisher=BFI|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> ó gbajúmọ̀ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí ẹ̀rọ-amóhùnmáwòrán. Ó fẹ́ ọkọ rẹ̀ [[Michael Caine]] láti ọdún 1954 sí 1958.<ref>{{cite web|last=Duff|first=Mark|title=Michael Caine's Important dates|url=http://www.michaelcaine.com/timeline|publisher=michaelcaine.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Houseman|first=Victoria|title=Made in Heaven: The Marriages and Children of Hollywood Stars|publisher=Bonus Books|year=1991|page=45}}</ref> == Àwọn Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ == Sheffield ní West Riding of Yorkshire ni wọ́n bí Haines sí.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Noble|editor-first=Peter|title=British Film and Television Year Book, Volumes 29-30|publisher=Cinema TV Today|year=1974}}</ref> Ó gbajúgbajà fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí amóhùnmáwòrán. Àwọn iyì rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú: ''Dixon of Dock Green'', ''Steptoe and Son'', ''The Avengers'' (tí ó ti kópa nínú apá mẹ́rin: "Girl on the Trapeze",<ref>''Two Against the Underworld: The Collected Unauthorised Guide to The Avengers, Series 1'' by McGinlay, Hayes, and Hayes, p. 161.</ref> "The Nutshell", "The Master Minds", àti "Who's Who???"), ''Danger Man'', ''Public Eye'', ''The Baron'', ''Softly, Softly'', ''Adam Adamant Lives!'', ''The Champions'', ''Sergeant Cork'', ''The Saint'', ''Department S'', ''Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)'', ''Up Pompeii!'' (gẹ́gẹ́ bí i 'Pussius Galoria' nínú apá tí àkòrí rẹ̀ jẹ́ "Jamus Bondus"), ''Emmerdale Farm'', ''Special Branch'', ''The Protectors'', àti ''Within These Walls''. Àwọn ipa rẹ̀ nínú eré pẹ̀lú: ''The Shakedown'' (1959), ''The Night Caller'' (1965), ''The Last Shot You Hear'', ''Walk a Crooked Path'' (both 1969), ''The Fast Kill'', àti ''Virgin Witch'' (both 1972).<ref name="bfi" /> Ní 1969, Haines hàn nínú apá tó kẹ̀yín fún eré ''The Saint'', (S6, E20 'The World Beater'), gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Kay Collingwood, olókowò alágàbàgebè (àti amúgbálẹ́ẹ̀gbẹ́ awakọ̀) tí ó ti mọ Simon Templar tẹ́lẹ̀ tí wọ́n sì jọ ní ìbáṣepọ̀ ajẹmọ́fẹ̀ẹ́-jẹ-mọ́-ìkórìíra. Ó tún hàn nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ apá Department S. Òun ni olórí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ kan tí wọ́n gbèrò láti jalè tó léwu kan nínú apá 1968 eré The Trojan Tanker. == Ayé rẹ̀ == Haines pàdé òṣèré [[Michael Caine]] ní tíátà asàfihàn ọ̀pọ̀ eré ní Lowestoft, Suffolk, ní tíátà Arcadia (tí ó ti di Coast Cinema ní ìsìyìí ní London Road South) pẹ̀lú Jackson Stanley ti 'Standard Players'. Wọ́n ṣe ìgbéyàwó ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹrin, ọdún 1954 ní Ọ́fíísì Ìṣègbàkalẹ̀ Lothingland kí wọ́n tó lọ sí London. Wọ́n ní ọmọbìnrin kan, Dominique (wọ́n bi ní; ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 1957), kí wọ́n tó pínyà ní 1958. Haines fẹ́ [[Bernard Kay]] tí òun náà jẹ́ òṣèré ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1963.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hayward|first=Anthony|title=Bernard Kay: Character actor who was best known on the big screen in 'Dr Zhivago' and who took more than 100 television roles|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html|url-status=live|url-access=subscription|work=The Independent|date=25 January 2015|access-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html|archive-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> Haines papò dà lẹ́yìn tó ní jẹjẹrẹ ẹ̀yà-ara fún èémí ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejì, ọdún 1977, ní ọmọdún ààrùndínláàdọ́ta.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jerome|first=Jim|title=Caine Enables|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20130819,00.html|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=27 March 2000|access-date=18 May 2009}}</ref> == Tíátà == * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kàrún, ọdún1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lottie Clegg nínú eré ''Bed, Board & Romance'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹwàá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Mrs Titterton nínú eré ''Artificial Silk'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹtàlèlógún oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Mrs Gulch nínú eré ''The House on the Moor'' tí Jonty Dewhurst ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọgbọ́n ọjọ́ oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lydia Waring mini eré ''The Loving Elms'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ keje oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Matron nínú eré ''This Is My Life'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá, oṣù kejìlá ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lola Salvani nínú eré ''Piccadilly Alibi'' tí Guy Paxton àti Edward V. Hoille ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Olivier Meldon nínú eré ''But Once a Year'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Bubbles Merton nínú ''Charley's Uncle'' tí Dennis Staveley ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kìíní, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Diana Wayne nínú eré ''Peril on the Pier'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ojo kejìdínlógún oṣù kìíní, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Joanna Cooper nínú eré ''The Feminine Touch'' tí Wilfred Massey ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kejì, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Dr Harrington nínú eré ''The 10.5 Never Stops'' tí John Essex ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kèjìlélógún oṣù kejì, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Fenella nínú eré ''This Was a Woman'' tí [[Joan Morgan]] ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. == Àkójọ Fíìmù tó ti kópa == * ''The Shakedown'' (1959) – Akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Afara-ṣàfihàn Ohun Ajẹmóge * ''Clue of the Silver Key'' (1961) – Obìnrin Ọlọ́pàá * ''The Night Caller'' (1965) – Ann Barlow * ''The Baron'' (1966) – Helga Sorenson * ''Department S'' (1968) - Veronica Bray * ''The Last Shot You Hear'' (1969) – Anne Nordeck * ''Walk a Crooked Path'' (1969) – Nancy Coleman * ''Virgin Witch'' (1972) – Sybil Waite * ''The Fast Kill'' (1972) – Victoria Leach == Amóhùnmáwòrán == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |1960–61 |''[[The World of Tim Frazer]]'' |Barbara Day |7 episodes |- |1973 |''[[Crown Court (TV series)|Crown Court]]'' |Adelaide Vincent (Maiden Witch) |3 episodes titled "To suffer a witch" |- |} == References == {{reflist}} blqtvmkzo30rozfxxc6ty0iglqbauk4 637098 637095 2026-09-16T19:11:49Z TheAanuoluwa 24053 637098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|British actress (1932–1977)}}{{Use British English|date=October 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}{{Infobox person|name=Patricia Haines|image=|image_size=|caption=Haines nínú apá eré ''The Avengers (TV series){{!}}Avengers'' "Who's Who???" (1967)|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1932|2|3}}|birth_place=[Sheffield, West Riding of Yorkshire, [[England]]|death_date={{death date and age|df=y|1977|2|25|1932|2|3}}|death_place=Northampton, Northamptonshire, England<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=William |title=Arise, Sir Michael Caine: The Biography |publisher=John Blake |year=2000 |isbn=978-1-903402-02-3}}</ref>|resting_place=|education=|alma_mater=|other_names=|occupation=Òṣeré|years_active=1959–1976|spouse={{ubl|{{marriage|[[Michael Caine]]|1954|1958|end=div}}|{{marriage|[[Bernard Kay]]|1963}}}}|children=Ọ̀kan}}'''Patricia Haines''' (ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kejì, ọdún 1932 – ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejì, ọdún 1977)<ref name="auto" /> jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì,<ref name="bfi">{{cite web|title=Patricia Haines|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0a9cdd|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311164832/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0a9cdd|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 March 2016|publisher=BFI|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> ó gbajúmọ̀ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí ẹ̀rọ-amóhùnmáwòrán. Ó fẹ́ ọkọ rẹ̀ [[Michael Caine]] láti ọdún 1954 sí 1958.<ref>{{cite web|last=Duff|first=Mark|title=Michael Caine's Important dates|url=http://www.michaelcaine.com/timeline|publisher=michaelcaine.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Houseman|first=Victoria|title=Made in Heaven: The Marriages and Children of Hollywood Stars|publisher=Bonus Books|year=1991|page=45}}</ref> == Àwọn Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ == Sheffield ní West Riding of Yorkshire ni wọ́n bí Haines sí.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Noble|editor-first=Peter|title=British Film and Television Year Book, Volumes 29-30|publisher=Cinema TV Today|year=1974}}</ref> Ó gbajúgbajà fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí amóhùnmáwòrán. Àwọn iyì rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú: ''Dixon of Dock Green'', ''Steptoe and Son'', ''The Avengers'' (tí ó ti kópa nínú apá mẹ́rin: "Girl on the Trapeze",<ref>''Two Against the Underworld: The Collected Unauthorised Guide to The Avengers, Series 1'' by McGinlay, Hayes, and Hayes, p. 161.</ref> "The Nutshell", "The Master Minds", àti "Who's Who???"), ''Danger Man'', ''Public Eye'', ''The Baron'', ''Softly, Softly'', ''Adam Adamant Lives!'', ''The Champions'', ''Sergeant Cork'', ''The Saint'', ''Department S'', ''Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)'', ''Up Pompeii!'' (gẹ́gẹ́ bí i 'Pussius Galoria' nínú apá tí àkòrí rẹ̀ jẹ́ "Jamus Bondus"), ''Emmerdale Farm'', ''Special Branch'', ''The Protectors'', àti ''Within These Walls''. Àwọn ipa rẹ̀ nínú eré pẹ̀lú: ''The Shakedown'' (1959), ''The Night Caller'' (1965), ''The Last Shot You Hear'', ''Walk a Crooked Path'' (both 1969), ''The Fast Kill'', àti ''Virgin Witch'' (both 1972).<ref name="bfi" /> Ní 1969, Haines hàn nínú apá tó kẹ̀yín fún eré ''The Saint'', (S6, E20 'The World Beater'), gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Kay Collingwood, olókowò alágàbàgebè (àti amúgbálẹ́ẹ̀gbẹ́ awakọ̀) tí ó ti mọ Simon Templar tẹ́lẹ̀ tí wọ́n sì jọ ní ìbáṣepọ̀ ajẹmọ́fẹ̀ẹ́-jẹ-mọ́-ìkórìíra. Ó tún hàn nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ apá Department S. Òun ni olórí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ kan tí wọ́n gbèrò láti jalè tó léwu kan nínú apá 1968 eré The Trojan Tanker. == Ayé rẹ̀ == Haines pàdé òṣèré [[Michael Caine]] ní tíátà asàfihàn ọ̀pọ̀ eré ní Lowestoft, Suffolk, ní tíátà Arcadia (tí ó ti di Coast Cinema ní ìsìyìí ní London Road South) pẹ̀lú Jackson Stanley ti 'Standard Players'. Wọ́n ṣe ìgbéyàwó ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹrin, ọdún 1954 ní Ọ́fíísì Ìṣègbàkalẹ̀ Lothingland kí wọ́n tó lọ sí London. Wọ́n ní ọmọbìnrin kan, Dominique (wọ́n bi ní; ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 1957), kí wọ́n tó pínyà ní 1958. Haines fẹ́ [[Bernard Kay]] tí òun náà jẹ́ òṣèré ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1963.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hayward|first=Anthony|title=Bernard Kay: Character actor who was best known on the big screen in 'Dr Zhivago' and who took more than 100 television roles|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html|url-status=live|url-access=subscription|work=The Independent|date=25 January 2015|access-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html|archive-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> Haines papò dà lẹ́yìn tó ní jẹjẹrẹ ẹ̀yà-ara fún èémí ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejì, ọdún 1977, ní ọmọdún ààrùndínláàdọ́ta.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jerome|first=Jim|title=Caine Enables|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20130819,00.html|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=27 March 2000|access-date=18 May 2009}}</ref> == Tíátà == * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kàrún, ọdún1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lottie Clegg nínú eré ''Bed, Board & Romance'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹwàá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Mrs Titterton nínú eré ''Artificial Silk'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹtàlèlógún oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Mrs Gulch nínú eré ''The House on the Moor'' tí Jonty Dewhurst ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọgbọ́n ọjọ́ oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lydia Waring mini eré ''The Loving Elms'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ keje oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Matron nínú eré ''This Is My Life'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá, oṣù kejìlá ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lola Salvani nínú eré ''Piccadilly Alibi'' tí Guy Paxton àti Edward V. Hoille ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Olivier Meldon nínú eré ''But Once a Year'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Bubbles Merton nínú ''Charley's Uncle'' tí Dennis Staveley ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kìíní, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Diana Wayne nínú eré ''Peril on the Pier'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ojo kejìdínlógún oṣù kìíní, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Joanna Cooper nínú eré ''The Feminine Touch'' tí Wilfred Massey ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kejì, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Dr Harrington nínú eré ''The 10.5 Never Stops'' tí John Essex ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kèjìlélógún oṣù kejì, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Fenella nínú eré ''This Was a Woman'' tí [[Joan Morgan]] ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. == Àkójọ Fíìmù tó ti kópa == * ''The Shakedown'' (1959) – Akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Afara-ṣàfihàn Ohun Ajẹmóge * ''Clue of the Silver Key'' (1961) – Obìnrin Ọlọ́pàá * ''The Night Caller'' (1965) – Ann Barlow * ''The Baron'' (1966) – Helga Sorenson * ''Department S'' (1968) - Veronica Bray * ''The Last Shot You Hear'' (1969) – Anne Nordeck * ''Walk a Crooked Path'' (1969) – Nancy Coleman * ''Virgin Witch'' (1972) – Sybil Waite * ''The Fast Kill'' (1972) – Victoria Leach == Amóhùnmáwòrán == {| class="wikitable" !Ọdún !Àkórí !Ipa !Àríwísí |- |1960–61 |''The World of Tim Frazer'' |Barbara Day |Apá méje |- |1973 |''Crown Court'' |Adelaide Vincent (Maiden Witch) |Apá mẹ́ta tí àkórì rẹ̀ jẹ́ "To suffer a witch" |- |} == References == {{reflist}} sfqhrs9m5in108vrvppr54of4rgiwui 637173 637098 2026-09-17T10:34:59Z TheAanuoluwa 24053 637173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|British actress (1932–1977)}}{{Use British English|date=October 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}{{Infobox person|name=Patricia Haines|image=|image_size=|caption=Haines nínú apá eré ''The Avengers (TV series){{!}}Avengers'' "Who's Who???" (1967)|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1932|2|3}}|birth_place=[Sheffield, West Riding of Yorkshire, [[England]]|death_date={{death date and age|df=y|1977|2|25|1932|2|3}}|death_place=Northampton, Northamptonshire, England<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=William |title=Arise, Sir Michael Caine: The Biography |publisher=John Blake |year=2000 |isbn=978-1-903402-02-3}}</ref>|resting_place=|education=|alma_mater=|other_names=|occupation=Òṣeré|years_active=1959–1976|spouse={{ubl|{{marriage|[[Michael Caine]]|1954|1958|end=div}}|{{marriage|[[Bernard Kay]]|1963}}}}|children=Ọ̀kan}}'''Patricia Haines''' (ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kejì, ọdún 1932 – ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejì, ọdún 1977)<ref name="auto" /> jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì,<ref name="bfi">{{cite web|title=Patricia Haines|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0a9cdd|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311164832/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0a9cdd|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 March 2016|publisher=BFI|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> ó gbajúmọ̀ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí ẹ̀rọ-amóhùnmáwòrán. Ó fẹ́ ọkọ rẹ̀ [[Michael Caine]] láti ọdún 1954 sí 1958.<ref>{{cite web|last=Duff|first=Mark|title=Michael Caine's Important dates|url=http://www.michaelcaine.com/timeline|publisher=michaelcaine.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Houseman|first=Victoria|title=Made in Heaven: The Marriages and Children of Hollywood Stars|publisher=Bonus Books|year=1991|page=45}}</ref> == Àwọn Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ == Sheffield ní West Riding of Yorkshire ni wọ́n bí Haines sí.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Noble|editor-first=Peter|title=British Film and Television Year Book, Volumes 29-30|publisher=Cinema TV Today|year=1974}}</ref> Ó gbajúgbajà fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí amóhùnmáwòrán. Àwọn iyì rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú: ''Dixon of Dock Green'', ''Steptoe and Son'', ''The Avengers'' (tí ó ti kópa nínú apá mẹ́rin: "Girl on the Trapeze",<ref>''Two Against the Underworld: The Collected Unauthorised Guide to The Avengers, Series 1'' by McGinlay, Hayes, and Hayes, p. 161.</ref> "The Nutshell", "The Master Minds", àti "Who's Who???"), ''Danger Man'', ''Public Eye'', ''The Baron'', ''Softly, Softly'', ''Adam Adamant Lives!'', ''The Champions'', ''Sergeant Cork'', ''The Saint'', ''Department S'', ''Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)'', ''Up Pompeii!'' (gẹ́gẹ́ bí i 'Pussius Galoria' nínú apá tí àkòrí rẹ̀ jẹ́ "Jamus Bondus"), ''Emmerdale Farm'', ''Special Branch'', ''The Protectors'', àti ''Within These Walls''. Àwọn ipa rẹ̀ nínú eré pẹ̀lú: ''The Shakedown'' (1959), ''The Night Caller'' (1965), ''The Last Shot You Hear'', ''Walk a Crooked Path'' (both 1969), ''The Fast Kill'', àti ''Virgin Witch'' (both 1972).<ref name="bfi" /> Ní 1969, Haines hàn nínú apá tó kẹ̀yín fún eré ''The Saint'', (S6, E20 'The World Beater'), gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Kay Collingwood, olókowò alágàbàgebè (àti amúgbálẹ́ẹ̀gbẹ́ awakọ̀) tí ó ti mọ Simon Templar tẹ́lẹ̀ tí wọ́n sì jọ ní ìbáṣepọ̀ ajẹmọ́fẹ̀ẹ́-jẹ-mọ́-ìkórìíra. Ó tún hàn nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ apá Department S. Òun ni olórí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ kan tí wọ́n gbèrò láti jalè tó léwu kan nínú apá 1968 eré The Trojan Tanker. == Ayé rẹ̀ == Haines pàdé òṣèré [[Michael Caine]] ní tíátà asàfihàn ọ̀pọ̀ eré ní Lowestoft, Suffolk, ní tíátà Arcadia (tí ó ti di Coast Cinema ní ìsìyìí ní London Road South) pẹ̀lú Jackson Stanley ti 'Standard Players'. Wọ́n ṣe ìgbéyàwó ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹrin, ọdún 1954 ní Ọ́fíísì Ìṣègbàkalẹ̀ Lothingland kí wọ́n tó lọ sí London. Wọ́n ní ọmọbìnrin kan, Dominique (wọ́n bi ní; ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 1957), kí wọ́n tó pínyà ní 1958. Haines fẹ́ [[Bernard Kay]] tí òun náà jẹ́ òṣèré ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1963.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hayward|first=Anthony|title=Bernard Kay: Character actor who was best known on the big screen in 'Dr Zhivago' and who took more than 100 television roles|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html|url-status=live|url-access=subscription|work=The Independent|date=25 January 2015|access-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html|archive-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> Haines papò dà lẹ́yìn tó ní jẹjẹrẹ ẹ̀yà-ara fún èémí ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejì, ọdún 1977, ní ọmọdún ààrùndínláàdọ́ta.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jerome|first=Jim|title=Caine Enables|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20130819,00.html|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=27 March 2000|access-date=18 May 2009}}</ref> == Tíátà == * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kàrún, ọdún1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lottie Clegg nínú eré ''Bed, Board & Romance'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹwàá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Mrs Titterton nínú eré ''Artificial Silk'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹtàlèlógún oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Mrs Gulch nínú eré ''The House on the Moor'' tí Jonty Dewhurst ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọgbọ́n ọjọ́ oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lydia Waring mini eré ''The Loving Elms'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ keje oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Matron nínú eré ''This Is My Life'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá, oṣù kejìlá ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Lola Salvani nínú eré ''Piccadilly Alibi'' tí Guy Paxton àti Edward V. Hoille ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Olivier Meldon nínú eré ''But Once a Year'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1953 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Bubbles Merton nínú ''Charley's Uncle'' tí Dennis Staveley ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kìíní, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Diana Wayne nínú eré ''Peril on the Pier'' * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ojo kejìdínlógún oṣù kìíní, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Joanna Cooper nínú eré ''The Feminine Touch'' tí Wilfred Massey ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kejì, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Dr Harrington nínú eré ''The 10.5 Never Stops'' tí John Essex ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. * Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ń ṣe: ọjọ́ kèjìlélógún oṣù kejì, ọdún 1954 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Fenella nínú eré ''This Was a Woman'' tí [[Joan Morgan]] ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. == Àkójọ Fíìmù tó ti kópa == * ''The Shakedown'' (1959) – Akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Afara-ṣàfihàn Ohun Ajẹmóge * ''Clue of the Silver Key'' (1961) – Obìnrin Ọlọ́pàá * ''The Night Caller'' (1965) – Ann Barlow * ''The Baron'' (1966) – Helga Sorenson * ''Department S'' (1968) - Veronica Bray * ''The Last Shot You Hear'' (1969) – Anne Nordeck * ''Walk a Crooked Path'' (1969) – Nancy Coleman * ''Virgin Witch'' (1972) – Sybil Waite * ''The Fast Kill'' (1972) – Victoria Leach == Amóhùnmáwòrán == {| class="wikitable" !Ọdún !Àkórí !Ipa !Àríwísí |- |1960–61 |''The World of Tim Frazer'' |Barbara Day |Apá méje |- |1973 |''Crown Court'' |Adelaide Vincent (Maiden Witch) |Apá mẹ́ta tí àkórì rẹ̀ jẹ́ "To suffer a witch" |- |} == Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí == {{reflist}} j6uxyfluewcj07ky4gzwzq4i3wras1t 0 84480 637102 2026-09-16T21:06:20Z TheAanuoluwa 24053 Mo dá ojúewé yìí 637102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|English actor (1928–2014)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}} {{Use British English|date=June 2013}}{{Infobox person|name=Bernard Kay|image=Bernard_Kay,_actor.jpg|image_size=|caption=Publicity shot, {{circa|1955}}|birth_name=Bernard Frederic Bemrose Kay|birth_date={{birth date|1928|2|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Bolton]], [[Lancashire]], England|death_date={{Death date and age|2014|12|25|1928|2|20|df=y}}|death_place=London, England|years_active=1950–2010|occupation=Actor|spouse={{marriage|[[Patricia Haines]]|1963|1977|end=died}}}}'''Bernard Frederic Bemrose Kay''' (ọjọ́ kẹtàlèlógún osù kejì, ọdún 1928 – ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 2014) jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ó si hàn lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà nínú àwọn eré tíátà, amóhùnmáwòrán, àti nínú àwọn fíìmù.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f9d7d4e|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322144957/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f9d7d4e|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 March 2016|title=Bernard Kay|publisher=British Film Institute}}</ref> == Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Ayé rẹ̀ == Ajábọ̀-ìròyìn ni Kay fún ''Bolton Evening News'' nígbà tí ó kọ́kọ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ isẹ́ ṣíṣe, ó sì tún rọra fẹ̀gbẹ́ pẹ́ pẹ̀lú ''[[The Guardian|Manchester Guardian]]''.<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> Wọ́n fipá mu gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ológun ní 1946 ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí eléré nínú ámì. Kay gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ẹ̀kọ́-ọ̀fẹ́ láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Tíátà Old Vic ó sì dántó nínú eré ṣíṣe lọ́dún 1950, àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ tó tún Old Vic ṣí lẹ́yìn [[Ogun Àgbáyé Ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì]]. == Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ == Kay ti hàn nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn eré amóhùnmáwòrán bí i ''Emmerdale Farm'', ''The Champions'', ''The Cellar and the Almond Tree'', ''Clayhanger'', ''A Very British Coup'', ''Casualty'', ''Casualty 1909'', ''Doctors'', ''Z-Cars'', ''Coronation Street'', ''Jonathan Creek'', ''Foyle's War'' àti ''London's Burning'' ní 1989. Ó ti hàn gẹ́gẹ́ àràmàndà ẹ̀dá apá kan eré ''Space: 1999'' tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ "New Adam New Eve". Kay kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Captain Stanley Lord ti SS ''Californian'' nínú eré-oníṣe BBC ''Trial by Inquiry: Titanic'' ní 1967. Ní1970s, Kay kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Philip Bentley nínú eré ''The Protectors'' nínú apá tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''A Pocketful of Posies'' (1973), ó sì tún hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Harry Scott, adarí àwọn arufín tó burú jáì nínú apá kan eré-oníṣẹ́ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ''The Professionals'', àkórì apá náà ni ''When the Heat Cools Off'' (1978). Àwọn ìjẹyọ Kay lórí amóhùnmáwòrán tún pẹ̀lú ìkópa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ọ̀gá àwọn jàǹdùkú Cordova nínú eré amóhùnmáwòrán ''Zorro'' apá "Alejandro Rides Again" ní 1991 tí wọ́n yà ní [[Madrid]], orílẹ̀-èdè [[Spain]]. Kay tún kópa ìkáàánú-fún gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Korporal Hartwig ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ''Colditz''. Kay kópa lóríṣiríṣi ọ̀nà ní ẹ̀mẹẹ̀rin nínú eré ''Doctor Who'', pàápàá jù lọ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Saladin nínú ìtàn ''Doctor Who,'' ''The Crusade'' ní 1965. Ó tún hàn nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín ''The Dalek Invasion of Earth'' (1964), ''The Faceless Ones'' (1967) àti ''Colony in Space'' (1971).<ref>{{cite web|title=Remembering Bernard Kay|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Fdoctorwho%2Fentries%2Ffc4df028-81ed-3bbe-88b9-89e45f45ef1f|publisher=BBC|access-date=19 May 2020|date=5 January 2015}}</ref> Ní 2006, ó kópa fún ìgbà kúkurú nínú eré-oníṣẹ́ olóhùn ''Doctor Who'' tí ń ṣe ''Night Thoughts''.<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> Fíìmù Kay tó gbajúgbajà fún jù lọ ni ìkópa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i adarí Bolshevik nínú eré ''Doctor Zhivago'' (1965).<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> === Stage === Kay also acted extensively on the stage. In 1952, for the Nottingham Rep, he learned, rehearsed, and played ''Macbeth'' in less than 24 hours. In 1984, he played Shylock in a British Council tour of Asia, ending in Baghdad, in the middle of the Iraq/Iran war. Other theatre includes ''An Inspector Calls'' ([[Garrick Theatre]]), ''Macbeth'' (Nottingham Playhouse), ''Titus Andronicus'' (European Tour), ''[[A Man for All Seasons (play)|A Man for All Seasons]]'' (International Tour), ''The Merchant of Venice'' (International Tour), ''Galileo'' (Young Vic), ''Death of a Salesman'' (Lyric Theatre, Belfast)—for which he was nominated as best actor in the RITA awards in 1998—and ''Halpern and Johnson'' ([[New End Theatre]]). He twice appeared at the [[Finborough Theatre]] in [[London]]: in 2006 in ''After Haggerty'' and in 2010 in ''Dream of the Dog''.<ref name="BWW News Desk 2010" /> == Personal life == Kay was married to the actress [[Patricia Haines]] from 1963 until her death from cancer in 1977; he never remarried, and was said to have been grief-stricken for the rest of his life. Kay had no children of his own, but was stepfather to Haines's daughter from her first marriage to the actor [[Michael Caine]]. He died in London on Christmas Day in 2014, at the age of 86.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bernard Kay obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/jan/04/bernard-kay|newspaper=The Guardian|date=4 January 2015|accessdate=5 January 2015}}</ref> In the 2006 New Writing Ventures awards, Kay won the Creative Non-fiction prize for the first chapter of his unpublished memoir ''Maybe A Bastard'', which covered his childhood in Bolton. It remained unpublished at his death.<ref>{{cite web|title=Former actor leads the way in new writing awards|url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/former-actor-leads-way-new-3978159|website=Business Live|date=25 September 2006|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hadoke|first1=Toby|title=Bernard Kay 1928-2014|url=https://tobyhadoke.com/bernard-kay-1928-2014/|website=Toby Hadoke|date=January 2015|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> == Selected filmography == {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} * ''[[Carry On Sergeant]]'' (1958) – Injured Recruit * ''[[Backfire! (1962 film)|Backfire!]]'' (1962) – Fire Chief * ''[[The Crusade (Doctor Who)|Doctor Who]]'' (1965) – [[Saladin]] and [[The Dalek Invasion of Earth|Carl Tyler]] * ''[[Doctor Zhivago (film)|Doctor Zhivago]]'' (1965) – Kuril, The Bolshevik * ''[[The Faceless Ones|Doctor Who]]'' (1967) – Inspector Crossland * ''The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe'' (1967, TV Series) – [[Aslan]] * ''[[They Came from Beyond Space]]'' (1967) – Richard Arden * ''[[The Shuttered Room]]'' (1967) – Tait * ''[[Torture Garden (film)|Torture Garden]]'' (1967) – Dr. Heim (segment 2 "Terror Over Hollywood") * ''[[Interlude (1968 film)|Interlude]]'' (1968) – George Selworth * ''[[Witchfinder General (film)|Witchfinder General]]'' (1968) – Fisherman * ''[[Darling Lili]]'' (1970) – Bedford * ''[[Trog]]'' (1970) – Inspector Greenham * ''[[Colony in Space|Doctor Who]]'' (1971) – Caldwell * ''[[The Hunting Party (1971 film)|The Hunting Party]]'' (1971) – Buford King * ''[[Running Scared (1972 film)|Running Scared]]'' (1972) – Mr. Willis * ''[[Emmerdale|Emmerdale Farm]]'' (1974) – Robert Sharp * ''[[The Hiding Place (film)|The Hiding Place]]'' (1975) – Fred Koonstra * ''[[Voyage of the Damned]]'' (1976) – Cuba Harbour pilot (uncredited) * ''[[Spy Story (film)|Spy Story]]'' (1976) – Commander Wheeler * ''[[Sweeney!]]'' (1977) – Matthews * ''[[Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger]]'' (1977) – Zabid * ''[[The Professionals (TV series)|The Professionals]]'' (1978) – Harry Scott * ''[[The Great Riviera Bank Robbery]]'' (1979) – Commissaire * ''[[The Case of Marcel Duchamp]]'' (1984) * ''The Most Dangerous Man in the World'' (1988) – Dogan * ''[[London's Burning (TV series)|London's Burning]]'' (1989) – Chief Fire Officer * ''[[A Ghost in Monte Carlo]]'' (1990) – Police Chief Gutier * ''[[Coronation Street]]'' (1994) – Mr Phillips * ''[[Steal This Movie]]'' (2000) – John Hoffman * ''[[Foyle's War (series 1)#"The White Feather"|Foyle's War: The White Feather]]'' (2002) – Robert Woolton * ''Puritan'' (2005) – The old man * ''[[Pierrepoint (film)|Pierrepoint: The Last Hangman]]'' (2005) – Uncle Tom * ''[[Joy Division (2006 film)|Joy Division]]'' (2006) – Bothringaye * ''[[Psychosis (film)|Psychosis]]'' (2010) – Reverend Swan (final film role) {{div col end}} == References == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="Ezard 2006"> {{cite news | title = Actor Bernard Kay wins new writing award | first = John | last = Ezard | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/sep/26/media.books | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | location = London, England, UK | issn = 0261-3077 | oclc = 60623878 | date = 26 September 2006 | accessdate = 30 June 2013 }} </ref> <ref name="BWW News Desk 2010"> {{cite news | title = Finborough Theatre Presents DREAM OF THE DOG, Opens April 27 | url = http://westend.broadwayworld.com/article/Finborough-Theatre-Presents-DREAM-OF-THE-DOG-Opens-April-27-20100324 | newspaper = Broadway World | publisher = Wisdom Digital Media | location = New York City, New York, USA | date = 24 March 2010 | accessdate = 30 June 2013 }} </ref>}} == External links == * {{IMDb name|id=0443001|name=Bernard Kay}} * [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html Obituary] (''[[The Independent]]'') * [https://www.thetimes.com/culture/tv-radio/article/bernard-kay-qhgvmm8lk3q Obituary] (''[[The Times]]'') * [https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-bernard-kay-actor-1516497 Obituary: Bernard Kay, actor] (''[[The Scotsman]]'') * [https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/news/11697667.bolton-born-doctor-who-actor-bernard-kay-dies/ Bolton-born Doctor Who actor Bernard Kay dies] (''[[The Bolton News]]'') * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVKbtJJNuUg Bernard Kay Tribute] * Margarete Forsyth, [https://petex.org.uk/mf/BernardKay.html Remembering Bernard Kay] {{Authority control}} kvokpen7io6idizm7adw4kmornxdrw9 637171 637102 2026-09-17T10:23:04Z TheAanuoluwa 24053 637171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|English actor (1928–2014)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}} {{Use British English|date=June 2013}}{{Infobox person|name=Bernard Kay|image=|image_size=|caption=Publicity shot, {{circa|1955}}|birth_name=Bernard Frederic Bemrose Kay|birth_date={{birth date|1928|2|23|df=y}}|birth_place=Bolton, Lancashire, England|death_date={{Death date and age|2014|12|25|1928|2|20|df=y}}|death_place=London, England|years_active=1950–2010|occupation=Òṣèré|spouse={{marriage|[[Patricia Haines]]|1963|1977|end=died}}}}'''Bernard Frederic Bemrose Kay''' (ọjọ́ kẹtàlèlógún osù kejì, ọdún 1928 – ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 2014) jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ó si hàn lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà nínú àwọn eré tíátà, amóhùnmáwòrán, àti nínú àwọn fíìmù.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f9d7d4e|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322144957/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f9d7d4e|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 March 2016|title=Bernard Kay|publisher=British Film Institute}}</ref> == Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Ayé rẹ̀ == Ajábọ̀-ìròyìn ni Kay fún ''Bolton Evening News'' nígbà tí ó kọ́kọ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ isẹ́ ṣíṣe, ó sì tún rọra fẹ̀gbẹ́ pẹ́ pẹ̀lú ''[[The Guardian|Manchester Guardian]]''.<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> Wọ́n fipá mu gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ológun ní 1946 ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí eléré nínú ámì. Kay gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ẹ̀kọ́-ọ̀fẹ́ láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Tíátà Old Vic ó sì dántó nínú eré ṣíṣe lọ́dún 1950, àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ tó tún Old Vic ṣí lẹ́yìn [[Ogun Àgbáyé Ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì]]. == Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ == Kay ti hàn nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn eré amóhùnmáwòrán bí i ''Emmerdale Farm'', ''The Champions'', ''The Cellar and the Almond Tree'', ''Clayhanger'', ''A Very British Coup'', ''Casualty'', ''Casualty 1909'', ''Doctors'', ''Z-Cars'', ''Coronation Street'', ''Jonathan Creek'', ''Foyle's War'' àti ''London's Burning'' ní 1989. Ó ti hàn gẹ́gẹ́ àràmàndà ẹ̀dá apá kan eré ''Space: 1999'' tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ "New Adam New Eve". Kay kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Captain Stanley Lord ti SS ''Californian'' nínú eré-oníṣe BBC ''Trial by Inquiry: Titanic'' ní 1967. Ní1970s, Kay kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Philip Bentley nínú eré ''The Protectors'' nínú apá tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''A Pocketful of Posies'' (1973), ó sì tún hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Harry Scott, adarí àwọn arufín tó burú jáì nínú apá kan eré-oníṣẹ́ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ''The Professionals'', àkórì apá náà ni ''When the Heat Cools Off'' (1978). Àwọn ìjẹyọ Kay lórí amóhùnmáwòrán tún pẹ̀lú ìkópa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ọ̀gá àwọn jàǹdùkú Cordova nínú eré amóhùnmáwòrán ''Zorro'' apá "Alejandro Rides Again" ní 1991 tí wọ́n yà ní [[Madrid]], orílẹ̀-èdè [[Spain]]. Kay tún kópa ìkáàánú-fún gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Korporal Hartwig ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ''Colditz''. Kay kópa lóríṣiríṣi ọ̀nà ní ẹ̀mẹẹ̀rin nínú eré ''Doctor Who'', pàápàá jùlọ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Saladin nínú ìtàn ''Doctor Who,'' ''The Crusade'' ní 1965. Ó tún hàn nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín ''The Dalek Invasion of Earth'' (1964), ''The Faceless Ones'' (1967) àti ''Colony in Space'' (1971).<ref>{{cite web|title=Remembering Bernard Kay|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Fdoctorwho%2Fentries%2Ffc4df028-81ed-3bbe-88b9-89e45f45ef1f|publisher=BBC|access-date=19 May 2020|date=5 January 2015}}</ref> Ní 2006, ó kópa fún ìgbà kúkurú nínú eré-oníṣẹ́ olóhùn ''Doctor Who'' tí ń ṣe ''Night Thoughts''.<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> Fíìmù Kay tó gbajúgbajà fún jù lọ ni ìkópa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i adarí Bolshevik nínú eré ''Doctor Zhivago'' (1965).<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> === Orí-ìtàgé === Kay tún ti ṣeré fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìgbà lórí ìtàgé. Ní1952, fún tíátà aṣàfihàn ọ̀pọ̀ eré Nottingham, ó gbaradì, ó kọ́ ohun tó yẹ, ó sì kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ''Macbeth'' kí ilẹ̀ ọjọ́ kan tó sú. Ní 1984, ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Shylock níbi ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà Àjọ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ti Asia, tí ó parí ní Baghdad, láàárin ogun Iran/Iraq. Àwọn eré tíátà mìíràn pẹ̀lú ''An Inspector Calls'' (ní Tíátà Garrick), ''Macbeth'' (ní Ilé-eré ti Nottingham), ''Titus Andronicus'' (níbi Ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà ti Europe), ''A Man for All Seasons'' (Ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà ti òkè-òkun), ''The Merchant of Venice'' (níbi Ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà ti òkè-òkun), ''Galileo'' (ní Young Vic), ''Death of a Salesman'' (ní Tíátà Lyric, ní Belfast)— èyí tí ó fi di yíyàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí i òṣèré tó dára jù lọ fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ RITA lọ́dún 1998—àti ''Halpern and Johnson'' (ní Tíátà New End). Ó jẹyọ lẹ́ẹ̀mejì ní Tíátà Finborough ti [[London]]: lọ́dún 2006 nínú eré ''After Haggerty'' àti lọ́dún 2010 nínú eré ''Dream of the Dog''.<ref name="BWW News Desk 2010" /> == Ayé rẹ̀ == Kay fẹ́ òṣèré [[Patricia Haines]] láti ọdún 1963 títí di ikú rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn àìsàn jẹjẹrẹ lọ́dún 1977; kò sì fẹ́ ẹlòmíràn lẹ́yìn rẹ̀, àríwísí nípa èyí ni pé ó ń ṣọ̀fọ̀ ikú aya rẹ̀ títí ó fi papò dà ní. Kay kò ní ọmọ ti rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n ó jẹ́ bàbá fún ọmọ aya rẹ̀ Haines tí ó ti bí nínú ìgbéyàwó rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ pẹ̀lú òṣèré [[Michael Caine]]. Ó kú lọ́jọ́ Kérésìmesì ní London lọ́dún 2014, ní ọmọdún 86.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bernard Kay obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/jan/04/bernard-kay|newspaper=The Guardian|date=4 January 2015|accessdate=5 January 2015}}</ref> Níbi àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ọdún 2006 ti New Writing Ventures, Kay gba ẹ̀bùn Alátinúdá Ajẹmọ́-ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ Tòótọ́ fún ìpín àkọ́kọ́ ìtàn ìgbésí-ayé rẹ̀ tí kò tí rí ìtẹ̀jáde; ''Maybe A Bastard'', tí ó dá lórí ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ níílùú Bolton. Ìwé náà kò rí ìtẹ̀jáde lẹ́yìn ikú rẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=Former actor leads the way in new writing awards|url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/former-actor-leads-way-new-3978159|website=Business Live|date=25 September 2006|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hadoke|first1=Toby|title=Bernard Kay 1928-2014|url=https://tobyhadoke.com/bernard-kay-1928-2014/|website=Toby Hadoke|date=January 2015|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> == Lára Àwọn Eré tó ti Jẹyọ àti Ipa tó kó == {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} * ''Carry On Sergeant'' (1958) – Ọmọgun tuntun tó ṣèṣe * ''Backfire! (1962 film)|Backfire!'' (1962) – Ọ̀gá Panapaná * ''The Crusade (Doctor Who)|Doctor Who'' (1965) – Saladin àti The Dalek Invasion of Earth|Carl Tyler * ''Doctor Zhivago (film)|Doctor Zhivago'' (1965) – Kuril, tí ń ṣe Bolshevik * ''The Faceless Ones|Doctor Who'' (1967) – Inspector Crossland * ''The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe'' (1967, eré TV) – Aslan * ''They Came from Beyond Space'' (1967) – Richard Arden * ''The Shuttered Room'' (1967) – Tait * ''Torture Garden (film)|Torture Garden'' (1967) – Dr. Heim (ìpín kejì "Terror Over Hollywood") * ''Interlude (1968 film)|Interlude'' (1968) – George Selworth * ''Witchfinder General (film)|Witchfinder General'' (1968) – Apẹja * ''Darling Lili'' (1970) – Bedford * ''Trog'' (1970) – Inspector Greenham * ''Colony in Space|Doctor Who'' (1971) – Caldwell * ''The Hunting Party (1971 film)|The Hunting Party'' (1971) – Ọba Buford * ''Running Scared (1972 film)|Running Scared'' (1972) – Ọ̀gbẹ̀ni Willis * ''Emmerdale|Emmerdale Farm'' (1974) – Robert Sharp * "The Hiding Place (film)|The Hiding Place'' (1975) – Fred Koonstra * ''Voyage of the Damned'' (1976) – Awakọ̀-òfurufú Cuba * ''Spy Story (film)|Spy Story'' (1976) – Kọ̀máńdà Wheeler * ''Sweeney!'' (1977) – Matthews * ''Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger'' (1977) – Zabid * ''The Professionals (TV series)|The Professionals'' (1978) – Harry Scott * ''The Great Riviera Bank Robbery'' (1979) – Kọmíṣọ́nà * ''The Case of Marcel Duchamp'' (1984) * ''The Most Dangerous Man in the World'' (1988) – Dogan * ''London's Burning (TV series)|London's Burning'' (1989) – Ọ̀gá Àwọn Panapaná * ''A Ghost in Monte Carlo'' (1990) – Gutier, Ọ̀gá Ọlọ́pàá * ''Coronation Street'' (1994) – Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Phillips * ''Steal This Movie'' (2000) – John Hoffman * ''Foyle's War (series 1)#"The White Feather"|Foyle's War: The White Feather'' (2002) – Robert Woolton * ''Puritan'' (2005) – Àgbàlagbà ọkùnrin * ''Pierrepoint (film)|Pierrepoint: The Last Hangman'' (2005) – Ọ́ńkúlù Tom * ''Joy Division (2006 film)|Joy Division'' (2006) – Bothringaye * ''Psychosis (film)|Psychosis'' (2010) – Reverend Swan (ìpín tọ kẹ̀yín eré) {{div col end}} == References == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="Ezard 2006"> {{cite news | title = Actor Bernard Kay wins new writing award | first = John | last = Ezard | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/sep/26/media.books | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | location = London, England, UK | issn = 0261-3077 | oclc = 60623878 | date = 26 September 2006 | accessdate = 30 June 2013 }} </ref> <ref name="BWW News Desk 2010"> {{cite news | title = Finborough Theatre Presents DREAM OF THE DOG, Opens April 27 | url = http://westend.broadwayworld.com/article/Finborough-Theatre-Presents-DREAM-OF-THE-DOG-Opens-April-27-20100324 | newspaper = Broadway World | publisher = Wisdom Digital Media | location = New York City, New York, USA | date = 24 March 2010 | accessdate = 30 June 2013 }} </ref>}} == External links == * {{IMDb name|id=0443001|name=Bernard Kay}} * [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html Obituary] (''[[The Independent]]'') * [https://www.thetimes.com/culture/tv-radio/article/bernard-kay-qhgvmm8lk3q Obituary] (''[[The Times]]'') * [https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-bernard-kay-actor-1516497 Obituary: Bernard Kay, actor] (''[[The Scotsman]]'') * [https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/news/11697667.bolton-born-doctor-who-actor-bernard-kay-dies/ Bolton-born Doctor Who actor Bernard Kay dies] (''[[The Bolton News]]'') * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVKbtJJNuUg Bernard Kay Tribute] * Margarete Forsyth, [https://petex.org.uk/mf/BernardKay.html Remembering Bernard Kay] {{Authority control}} onpfh69xj0y6pcabdoe12vxew1ogfwn 637172 637171 2026-09-17T10:34:00Z TheAanuoluwa 24053 637172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|English actor (1928–2014)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}} {{Use British English|date=June 2013}}{{Infobox person|name=Bernard Kay|image=|image_size=|caption=Publicity shot, {{circa|1955}}|birth_name=Bernard Frederic Bemrose Kay|birth_date={{birth date|1928|2|23|df=y}}|birth_place=Bolton, Lancashire, England|death_date={{Death date and age|2014|12|25|1928|2|20|df=y}}|death_place=London, England|years_active=1950–2010|occupation=Òṣèré|spouse={{marriage|[[Patricia Haines]]|1963|1977|end=died}}}}'''Bernard Frederic Bemrose Kay''' (ọjọ́ kẹtàlèlógún osù kejì, ọdún 1928 – ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 2014) jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tí ó si hàn lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà nínú àwọn eré tíátà, amóhùnmáwòrán, àti nínú àwọn fíìmù.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f9d7d4e|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322144957/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f9d7d4e|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 March 2016|title=Bernard Kay|publisher=British Film Institute}}</ref> == Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Ayé rẹ̀ == Ajábọ̀-ìròyìn ni Kay fún ''Bolton Evening News'' nígbà tí ó kọ́kọ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ isẹ́ ṣíṣe, ó sì tún rọra fẹ̀gbẹ́ pẹ́ pẹ̀lú ''[[The Guardian|Manchester Guardian]]''.<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> Wọ́n fipá mu gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ológun ní 1946 ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí eléré nínú ámì. Kay gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ẹ̀kọ́-ọ̀fẹ́ láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Tíátà Old Vic ó sì dántó nínú eré ṣíṣe lọ́dún 1950, àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ tó tún Old Vic ṣí lẹ́yìn [[Ogun Àgbáyé Ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì]]. == Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ == Kay ti hàn nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn eré amóhùnmáwòrán bí i ''Emmerdale Farm'', ''The Champions'', ''The Cellar and the Almond Tree'', ''Clayhanger'', ''A Very British Coup'', ''Casualty'', ''Casualty 1909'', ''Doctors'', ''Z-Cars'', ''Coronation Street'', ''Jonathan Creek'', ''Foyle's War'' àti ''London's Burning'' ní 1989. Ó ti hàn gẹ́gẹ́ àràmàndà ẹ̀dá apá kan eré ''Space: 1999'' tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ "New Adam New Eve". Kay kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Captain Stanley Lord ti SS ''Californian'' nínú eré-oníṣe BBC ''Trial by Inquiry: Titanic'' ní 1967. Ní1970s, Kay kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Philip Bentley nínú eré ''The Protectors'' nínú apá tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''A Pocketful of Posies'' (1973), ó sì tún hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Harry Scott, adarí àwọn arufín tó burú jáì nínú apá kan eré-oníṣẹ́ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ''The Professionals'', àkórì apá náà ni ''When the Heat Cools Off'' (1978). Àwọn ìjẹyọ Kay lórí amóhùnmáwòrán tún pẹ̀lú ìkópa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ọ̀gá àwọn jàǹdùkú Cordova nínú eré amóhùnmáwòrán ''Zorro'' apá "Alejandro Rides Again" ní 1991 tí wọ́n yà ní [[Madrid]], orílẹ̀-èdè [[Spain]]. Kay tún kópa ìkáàánú-fún gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Korporal Hartwig ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ''Colditz''. Kay kópa lóríṣiríṣi ọ̀nà ní ẹ̀mẹẹ̀rin nínú eré ''Doctor Who'', pàápàá jùlọ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Saladin nínú ìtàn ''Doctor Who,'' ''The Crusade'' ní 1965. Ó tún hàn nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín ''The Dalek Invasion of Earth'' (1964), ''The Faceless Ones'' (1967) àti ''Colony in Space'' (1971).<ref>{{cite web|title=Remembering Bernard Kay|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Fdoctorwho%2Fentries%2Ffc4df028-81ed-3bbe-88b9-89e45f45ef1f|publisher=BBC|access-date=19 May 2020|date=5 January 2015}}</ref> Ní 2006, ó kópa fún ìgbà kúkurú nínú eré-oníṣẹ́ olóhùn ''Doctor Who'' tí ń ṣe ''Night Thoughts''.<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> Fíìmù Kay tó gbajúgbajà fún jù lọ ni ìkópa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i adarí Bolshevik nínú eré ''Doctor Zhivago'' (1965).<ref name="Ezard 2006" /> === Orí-ìtàgé === Kay tún ti ṣeré fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìgbà lórí ìtàgé. Ní1952, fún tíátà aṣàfihàn ọ̀pọ̀ eré Nottingham, ó gbaradì, ó kọ́ ohun tó yẹ, ó sì kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i ''Macbeth'' kí ilẹ̀ ọjọ́ kan tó sú. Ní 1984, ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Shylock níbi ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà Àjọ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ti Asia, tí ó parí ní Baghdad, láàárin ogun Iran/Iraq. Àwọn eré tíátà mìíràn pẹ̀lú ''An Inspector Calls'' (ní Tíátà Garrick), ''Macbeth'' (ní Ilé-eré ti Nottingham), ''Titus Andronicus'' (níbi Ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà ti Europe), ''A Man for All Seasons'' (Ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà ti òkè-òkun), ''The Merchant of Venice'' (níbi Ìṣàgbéká isẹ́-ọnà ti òkè-òkun), ''Galileo'' (ní Young Vic), ''Death of a Salesman'' (ní Tíátà Lyric, ní Belfast)— èyí tí ó fi di yíyàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí i òṣèré tó dára jù lọ fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ RITA lọ́dún 1998—àti ''Halpern and Johnson'' (ní Tíátà New End). Ó jẹyọ lẹ́ẹ̀mejì ní Tíátà Finborough ti [[London]]: lọ́dún 2006 nínú eré ''After Haggerty'' àti lọ́dún 2010 nínú eré ''Dream of the Dog''.<ref name="BWW News Desk 2010" /> == Ayé rẹ̀ == Kay fẹ́ òṣèré [[Patricia Haines]] láti ọdún 1963 títí di ikú rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn àìsàn jẹjẹrẹ lọ́dún 1977; kò sì fẹ́ ẹlòmíràn lẹ́yìn rẹ̀, àríwísí nípa èyí ni pé ó ń ṣọ̀fọ̀ ikú aya rẹ̀ títí ó fi papò dà ní. Kay kò ní ọmọ ti rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n ó jẹ́ bàbá fún ọmọ aya rẹ̀ Haines tí ó ti bí nínú ìgbéyàwó rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ pẹ̀lú òṣèré [[Michael Caine]]. Ó kú lọ́jọ́ Kérésìmesì ní London lọ́dún 2014, ní ọmọdún 86.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bernard Kay obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/jan/04/bernard-kay|newspaper=The Guardian|date=4 January 2015|accessdate=5 January 2015}}</ref> Níbi àmì-ẹ̀yẹ ọdún 2006 ti New Writing Ventures, Kay gba ẹ̀bùn Alátinúdá Ajẹmọ́-ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ Tòótọ́ fún ìpín àkọ́kọ́ ìtàn ìgbésí-ayé rẹ̀ tí kò tí rí ìtẹ̀jáde; ''Maybe A Bastard'', tí ó dá lórí ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ níílùú Bolton. Ìwé náà kò rí ìtẹ̀jáde lẹ́yìn ikú rẹ̀.<ref>{{cite web|title=Former actor leads the way in new writing awards|url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/former-actor-leads-way-new-3978159|website=Business Live|date=25 September 2006|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hadoke|first1=Toby|title=Bernard Kay 1928-2014|url=https://tobyhadoke.com/bernard-kay-1928-2014/|website=Toby Hadoke|date=January 2015|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> == Lára Àwọn Eré tó ti Jẹyọ àti Ipa tó kó == {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} * ''Carry On Sergeant'' (1958) – Ọmọgun tuntun tó ṣèṣe * ''Backfire! (1962 film)|Backfire!'' (1962) – Ọ̀gá Panapaná * ''The Crusade (Doctor Who)|Doctor Who'' (1965) – Saladin àti The Dalek Invasion of Earth|Carl Tyler * ''Doctor Zhivago (film)|Doctor Zhivago'' (1965) – Kuril, tí ń ṣe Bolshevik * ''The Faceless Ones|Doctor Who'' (1967) – Inspector Crossland * ''The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe'' (1967, eré TV) – Aslan * ''They Came from Beyond Space'' (1967) – Richard Arden * ''The Shuttered Room'' (1967) – Tait * ''Torture Garden (film)|Torture Garden'' (1967) – Dr. Heim (ìpín kejì "Terror Over Hollywood") * ''Interlude (1968 film)|Interlude'' (1968) – George Selworth * ''Witchfinder General (film)|Witchfinder General'' (1968) – Apẹja * ''Darling Lili'' (1970) – Bedford * ''Trog'' (1970) – Inspector Greenham * ''Colony in Space|Doctor Who'' (1971) – Caldwell * ''The Hunting Party (1971 film)|The Hunting Party'' (1971) – Ọba Buford * ''Running Scared (1972 film)|Running Scared'' (1972) – Ọ̀gbẹ̀ni Willis * ''Emmerdale|Emmerdale Farm'' (1974) – Robert Sharp * "The Hiding Place (film)|The Hiding Place'' (1975) – Fred Koonstra * ''Voyage of the Damned'' (1976) – Awakọ̀-òfurufú Cuba * ''Spy Story (film)|Spy Story'' (1976) – Kọ̀máńdà Wheeler * ''Sweeney!'' (1977) – Matthews * ''Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger'' (1977) – Zabid * ''The Professionals (TV series)|The Professionals'' (1978) – Harry Scott * ''The Great Riviera Bank Robbery'' (1979) – Kọmíṣọ́nà * ''The Case of Marcel Duchamp'' (1984) * ''The Most Dangerous Man in the World'' (1988) – Dogan * ''London's Burning (TV series)|London's Burning'' (1989) – Ọ̀gá Àwọn Panapaná * ''A Ghost in Monte Carlo'' (1990) – Gutier, Ọ̀gá Ọlọ́pàá * ''Coronation Street'' (1994) – Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Phillips * ''Steal This Movie'' (2000) – John Hoffman * ''Foyle's War (series 1)#"The White Feather"|Foyle's War: The White Feather'' (2002) – Robert Woolton * ''Puritan'' (2005) – Àgbàlagbà ọkùnrin * ''Pierrepoint (film)|Pierrepoint: The Last Hangman'' (2005) – Ọ́ńkúlù Tom * ''Joy Division (2006 film)|Joy Division'' (2006) – Bothringaye * ''Psychosis (film)|Psychosis'' (2010) – Reverend Swan (ìpín tọ kẹ̀yín eré) {{div col end}} == References == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="Ezard 2006"> {{cite news | title = Actor Bernard Kay wins new writing award | first = John | last = Ezard | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/sep/26/media.books | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | location = London, England, UK | issn = 0261-3077 | oclc = 60623878 | date = 26 September 2006 | accessdate = 30 June 2013 }} </ref> <ref name="BWW News Desk 2010"> {{cite news | title = Finborough Theatre Presents DREAM OF THE DOG, Opens April 27 | url = http://westend.broadwayworld.com/article/Finborough-Theatre-Presents-DREAM-OF-THE-DOG-Opens-April-27-20100324 | newspaper = Broadway World | publisher = Wisdom Digital Media | location = New York City, New York, USA | date = 24 March 2010 | accessdate = 30 June 2013 }} </ref>}} == Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí Mìíràn == * [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/bernard-kay-character-actor-who-was-best-known-on-the-big-screen-in-dr-zhivago-and-who-took-more-10001310.html Obituary] (''The Independent'') * [https://www.thetimes.com/culture/tv-radio/article/bernard-kay-qhgvmm8lk3q Obituary] (''The Times'') * [https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-bernard-kay-actor-1516497 Obituary: Bernard Kay, actor] (''The Scotsman'') * [https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/news/11697667.bolton-born-doctor-who-actor-bernard-kay-dies/ Bolton-born Doctor Who actor Bernard Kay dies] (''The Bolton News'') * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVKbtJJNuUg Bernard Kay Tribute] * Margarete Forsyth, [https://petex.org.uk/mf/BernardKay.html Remembering Bernard Kay] {{Authority control}} myo7b9xomqwss80u0pb0eokq6kg41ad 0 84481 637104 2026-09-16T21:30:24Z ToluT15 33915 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372203915|David Beach (historian)]]" 637104 wikitext text/x-wiki   David Norman Beach (28 Oṣù Kẹfà 1943 – 15 Oṣù Kejì 1999) jẹ́ òpìtàn ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe.[1] Ó ṣiṣẹ́ ní Ilé-iṣẹ́ Tó Ń Bójútó Ọ̀rọ̀ Àbẹ́lé (Ministry of Internal Affairs) àti ní Yunifásítì ti Zimbabwe, ó sì ṣe aṣáájú nínú kíkọ àwọn ìtàn àtẹnudẹ́nu sílẹ̀ ní Zimbabwe.[2] Nínú iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lórí Great Zimbabwe, Beach ti gbé èrò lárugẹ pé àwọn ilé àti àgbègbè ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ tó wà níbẹ̀ jẹ́ ibùgbé fún àwọn olùṣàkóso tí wọ́n ti jọba ní tẹ̀lé-n-tẹ̀lé; èyí sì lòdì sí èrò àwọn òpìtàn bíi Huffman tí wọ́n máa ń wo àwọn ilé náà nípasẹ̀ ìtúpalẹ̀ ìrísí wọn nìkan (structuralist tradition).[3] Nígbà tí Zimbabwe gba òmìnira ní ọdún 1980, Beach gba ọmọ-ìlú Zimbabwe. Nígbà tí wọ́n béèrè nípa iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, Nolan Chipo Makombe sọ pé "ẹni tí a jọ ń ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ fún ète kan náà ni" (comrade).[4] Ní ọdún 1983, nígbà tí oníròyìn kan láti London pe David Beach ní ọmọ-ìlú Britain nígbà tó ń fọ̀rọ̀ wá Charles Utete lẹ́nu wò, Utete fèsì pẹ̀lú ìtara pé "Tiwa ni (Beach), kì í ṣe tiyín. Ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe ni, òpin ọ̀rọ̀ nìyẹn." Utete tẹ̀síwájú láti sọ pé "Kì í ṣe ọmọ-ìlú Britain, kì í ṣe ọmọ-ìlú Rhodesia, ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe ni. Ẹni tí a jọ ń ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ fún ète kan náà ni."[5]<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 1999]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ojọ́ìbí ní 1943]] [[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]] r0fqgnjiik9rpmmx4duwqmnr95osaqc 0 84482 637175 2026-09-17T10:50:06Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333934568|The Road to the Country]]" 637175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|image=File:The_Road_to_the_Country.jpg|author=[[Chigozie Obioma]]|pub_date=2024}}Ìwé ìtàn '''''The Road to the Country''''' jẹ́ Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ láti ọwọ́ Chigozie Obioma. Ó wà lára ​​àwọn tí wọ́n yàn fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Ẹ̀bùn Litireṣọ̀ ti Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2025. <ref>{{Citation|title=The Road to the Country: novelist Chigozie Obioma on Nigeria's brutal civil war, love and redemption}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} pcbtj5o4yydsm4ubgmqfzoqvjg5kk10 0 84483 637176 2026-09-17T10:51:59Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367366501|The Parlour Wife]]" 637176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=The Parlour Wife|image=|alt=|caption=|author=Foluso Agbaje|country=Nigeria|language=English|genre=Historical fiction|publisher=[[One More Chapter]]|pub_date=2024|media_type=Print|pages=|isbn=}} Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ '''''The Parlour Wife''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2024 tí òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà Foluso Agbaje kọ. Ìwé ìròyìn One More Chapter ló tẹ̀ jáde, èyí tí ó jẹ́ àmì HarperCollins, ìwé ìtàn náà sì wà ní ìlú Lagos nígbà ìjọba àwọn amúnisìn, ó sì tẹ̀lé ọmọbìnrin kan tí ó ń ṣe ìgbéyàwó, àwọn ohun tí ìdílé ń retí àti àwọn ohun tí ó ń yí padà nínú àwùjọ. Ìwé àkọ́kọ́ tí Agbaje kọ ni. == Àkọ́lẹ̀ àti ìtẹ̀jáde == ''Ìyàwó Ààfin'' ni ìwé àkọ́kọ́ Foluso Agbaje. Ní ọdún 2023, One More Chapter, àmì HarperCollins, gba ẹ̀tọ́ UK àti Commonwealth sí ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ara àdéhùn ìwé méjì. Ìtàn ìwé náà wáyé ní ìlú Èkó ní àsìkò ìṣàkóso àwọn òkèèrè, ó sì ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àwọn ìrírí ọ̀dọ́bìnrin kan tó ń kojú ọ̀rọ̀ ìgbéyàwó, àwọn ìretí ẹbí, àti àwọn ìyípadà nínú àwùjọ ní Nàìjíríà ní ọ̀rúndún ogún. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Nígbà tí ó ń ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìwé ìtàn fún ''Culture Custodian'', Shalom Tewobola ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ọ̀rọ̀ àwàdà fún àwọn obìnrin tí wọ́n ń jà fún ara wọn,” ó gbóríyìn fún bí Agbaje ṣe ṣe àfihàn obìnrin tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ àti bí ó ṣe ṣe àfihàn àwọn ìṣòro tó wà láàárín àṣà àti òmìnira ara ẹni. Nígbà tí ó ń kọ̀wé fún ''Afrocritik'', Ẹ̀rí Egwuono Adjarho gbóríyìn fún àwòrán ìwé ìtàn náà nípa ìlú Lagos tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní ìlú, ó ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ tí ó so àwọn kúlẹ̀kúlẹ̀ ìtàn pọ̀ mọ́ ìtàn tí ó dùn mọ́ni ní ọkàn. Ó tún tẹnu mọ́ bí Agbaje ṣe ń hùwà sí baba ńlá, ìgbéyàwó àti ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ, ó sì tún sọ pé àwọn apá kan nínú ìtàn náà ni a lè ti tẹ̀síwájú sí i. Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò fún ''Littafi'', a gbóríyìn fún ìwé ìtàn náà fún àyíká ìtàn rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò, àwọn ohun kikọ tó yàtọ̀ síra àti ìwé ìtàn tó rọrùn láti gbọ́, pẹ̀lú olùṣàtúnyẹ̀wò náà tí ó ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí iṣẹ́ ìtàn tó lágbára tó dá lórí ìrírí àwọn obìnrin ní [[Nàìjíríà Alámùúsìn|Nàìjíríà tó jẹ́ ti ìjọba amúnisìn]] . == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} afwqya21c7cdu3rz0w0zvc2fl31eddf 0 84484 637177 2026-09-17T10:53:04Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753929|This Motherless Land]]" 637177 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Ilẹ̀ Àìní Ìyá yìí''''' ({{ISBN|9780063084292}} ) jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ ọdún 2024 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà Nikki May . Wọ́n yan orúkọ rẹ̀ fún ẹ̀bùn Nàìjíríà ọdún 2025 fún ìwé kíkà . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Nwakanma|first1=Chido|title=Strengths and weaknesses of the books on the NLNG Nigeria Prize shortlist|journal=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|date=2025-09-14|url=https://businessday.ng/life/article/strengths-and-weaknesses-of-the-books-on-the-nlng-nigeria-prize-shortlist/|place=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2025-11-03}}</ref> Wọ́n kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2024 láti ọwọ́ Mariner Books, lẹ́yìn náà sì tún tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní Nàìjíríà láti ọwọ́ Narrative Landscape Press.<ref>{{cite web|title=This Motherless Land – Narrative Landscape Press|website=Narrative Landscape Press – Publishing Services|date=2015-05-03|url=https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product/this-motherless-land/|access-date=2025-11-03}}</ref>Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ yìí ṣàpèjúwe ìgbésí ayé Funke Oyenega, ọmọ àwọn olùkọ́ méjì kan ní Èkó, ní àkókò àwọn ọdún 1970, bí ó ṣe dojú kọ ìpèníjà pàdánù ìyá rẹ̀ àti bí ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ ṣe rí lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n kó o lọ sí Somerset. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == A ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ''Ilẹ̀ Àìní Ìyá yìí'' nínú ìwé ''Kirkus Reviews'' ti ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2024, níbi tí a ti ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí "àròsọ òde òní tó ní ìtumọ̀ nípa dídi, jíjẹ́ ara, àti àwọn ìsopọ̀ tó sopọ̀." Wardah Abbas ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìwé náà fún ''Ìwé Ìròyìn Àwọn Ọ̀dọ́ Adúláwọ̀'', ó sì rí i pé ìtàn náà rọrùn, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn sì “dà bí àwọn páálí tí a gé,” ṣùgbọ́n ó mọrírì gígùn ìwé náà, ìbáṣepọ̀ rẹ̀, ọ̀nà tí ó gbà gbé àwọn ọ̀ràn líle koko kalẹ̀ àti bí ó ṣe ṣe àfihàn àyíká rẹ̀ dáadáa, èyí sì fún un ní àmì mẹ́rin nínú márùn-ún. Nígbà tí Paula Willie-Okafor ń kọ̀wé fún ''Open Country Mag'', ó rí ìwé náà bí ohun tó dùn mọ́ni, ó sì ń múni gbọ̀n rìrì, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn àkókò pàtàkì kan ni wọ́n pè ní “ìyára”. Ó kíyèsí àìní ìdàrúdàpọ̀ tó yàtọ̀ àti àìní ànímọ́ kan nínú ìwà Àǹtí Margot. Nínú ''ìwé Afrocritik'', Chimezie Chika ṣàpèjúwe ''Ilẹ̀ Àìní Ìyá yìí'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìtàn àròsọ tó ń múni ronú jinlẹ̀ nípa àwọn ìdánwò àwọn ìdámọ̀ tí a ti sọ di aláìlágbára” àti “nípa àwọn ibi àti agbára tí wọ́n ní lórí ẹni tí a di tàbí tí a kò di.” == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} qrn4sv530q0vxh8f8yq1ep9x64gwpwh 0 84485 637178 2026-09-17T10:54:35Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346793227|Water Baby (novel)]]" 637178 wikitext text/x-wiki Ìwé ìtàn '''''Water Baby''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn ọdún 2024 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà Chioma Okereke, tí Quercus tẹ̀ jáde. Ìwé ìtàn náà sọ ìtàn ọmọbìnrin ọmọ ọdún mọ́kàndínlógún kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Baby, ẹni tí ó ń tiraka láti mú àlá rẹ̀ ṣẹ ní agbègbè ìgbèríko kan ní Makoko ní ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Chioma Okereke’s New Book, ‘Water Baby’ Shines a Light on The Dark Secrets of Makoko Slum|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2024/07/26/chioma-okerekes-new-book-water-baby-shines-a-light-on-the-dark-secrets-of-makoko-slum/|access-date=2025-11-04}}</ref> Okereke rí ìwúrí láti ọ̀dọ̀ Makoko, ìlú kékeré kan ní Nàìjíríà. Ìlú yìí ni ó jẹ́ àkòrí ìwé ìtàn-àròsọ rẹ̀, ó sì dá àjọ oníṣe-àǹfààní kan sílẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní Makoko Pearls láti ran àwọn olùgbé ìlú náà lọ́wọ́. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Okanlawon|first=Taiwo|title=Nigerian writer, Chioma Okereke launches new book 'Water Baby'|date=2024-07-05|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2024/07/05/nigerian-writer-chioma-okereke-launches-new-book-water-baby/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-11-04}}</ref> Wọ́n ti yan ''Water Baby'' fún ẹ̀bùn ìwé Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2025 fún ìwé kíkà . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Opanuga|first1=Jimisayo|date=2025-07-23|title=Full List: 11 novels make 2025 Nigeria Prize for Literature longlist|url=https://guardian.ng/art/books/full-list-11-novels-make-2025-nigeria-prize-for-literature-longlist/|place=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2025-11-27|journal=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 093lwbmjghivexi4kt28j7tt9qzyc0x 0 84486 637179 2026-09-17T10:57:11Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337291901|We Were Girls Once]]" 637179 wikitext text/x-wiki Ìwé ìtàn kẹta tí òǹkọ̀wé ará Nàìjíríà [[Aiwanose Odafen]] kọ ni '''''We Wre Girls''''' . A tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní ọdún 2024 láti ọwọ́ Simon &amp;amp; Schuster, ìwé ìtàn àròsọ òde òní ni, ó ń ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò ipa pípẹ́ tí ìbànújẹ́ ìgbà èwe ń ní lórí àwọn obìnrin, àwọn ìṣòro ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ wọn, àti ìrìn àjò líle sí ìwòsàn àti ìdájọ́ òdodo. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.simonandschuster.co.uk/books/We-Were-Girls-Once/Aiwanose-Odafen/9781398506190|title=We Were Girls Once|date=2025-04-10}}</ref>{{Infobox book|image=File:We_Were_Girls_Once.jpg|authors=[[Aiwanose Odafen]]|genres=Contemporary fiction|publisher=[[Simon and Schuster]]|pub_date=April 25, 2024|pages=320|isbn=978-1-398-50618-3}} == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ìtàn yìí dá lórí Ebunoluwa, ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kan tó jẹ́ oníṣẹ́ ọnà aṣọ ṣíṣe tó sì ti ní àṣeyọrí. Ó ń gbé ìgbésí ayé tó dàbí èyí tí kò ní àléébù kankan ní ìlú Èkó pẹ̀lú ọkọ rẹ̀, Dapo, ẹni tí ó nífẹ̀ẹ́ rẹ̀ gidigidi. Àmọ́, gbogbo ètò ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ tó ti ṣe dáadáa yìí wó lulẹ̀ nígbà tí ó gbọ́ pé ọ̀rẹ́ tímọ́tímọ́ òun láti ìgbà èwe, Sope, ti pa ara rẹ̀ ní ìlú Londoni.. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Tosin|title=We were girls once - Aiwanose Odafen {{!}} Book Review - BooksxNaps|url=https://booksxnaps.com/2024/06/15/we-were-girls-once-aiwanose-odafen-book-review/|archivedate=2025-08-12|access-date=2025-10-10}}</ref> Sope fi àkọsílẹ̀ ìkọ̀kọ̀ kan sílẹ̀ fún Ebunoluwa, ó ní, “Àwọn nǹkan kan wà tí mi ò sọ fún ọ rí,” àti àpò kan tí ó ní àwọn ìwé ìrántí rẹ̀ nínú. Nítorí ẹ̀bi àti ìbéèrè tí a kò dáhùn, Ebunoluwa rìnrìn àjò lọ sí Londoni.fún ìsìnkú náà. Níbẹ̀, ó fi ara rẹ̀ sínú ìwé àkọsílẹ̀ Sope, èyí tí ó gbé e padà sí ìgbà èwe wọn tí wọ́n jọ wà. Àwọn ìwé àkọsílẹ̀ náà ń ṣàkọsílẹ̀ ìbádọ́rẹ̀ẹ́ wọn tó wúni lórí, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tún ń fi àṣírí dúdú kan tí ó fara pamọ́ hàn díẹ̀díẹ̀: baba ọlọ́rọ̀ àti olókìkí Sope, Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Adeoye, ló fipá bá àwọn ọmọbìnrin méjèèjì lòpọ̀. Bí Ebunoluwa ṣe ń tú àṣírí gbogbo bí ìfìyàjẹni náà àti ìpalára tó dé bá Sope ní gbogbo ayé rẹ̀, ó di dandan láti kojú àwọn ìrántí tirẹ̀ tí a ti pa mọ́ra àti ìdákẹ́jẹ́ tí ó jẹ́ kí ìfìyàjẹni náà máa bá a lọ. Ìfihàn náà fa ìdààmú bá àjọṣepọ̀ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ọkọ rẹ̀ àti ìdílé rẹ̀, àwọn tí wọ́n ń ṣòro láti lóye ìyípadà òjijì rẹ̀ àti ìtàn ìrora tí ó ń tú jáde. Nítorí àìní ìdájọ́ òdodo fún Sope àti òun fúnra rẹ̀, Ebunoluwa gbọ́dọ̀ pinnu bóyá kí ó tú àṣírí ọkùnrin alágbára àti ẹni tí a bọ̀wọ̀ fún, kí ó sì fi orúkọ rere, ìgbéyàwó, àti ipò ìdílé rẹ̀ sínú ewu nínú àwùjọ tí ó sábà máa ń fi àwọn tí ó là á já hàn, tí ó sì ń dáàbò bo àwọn alágbára. Ìtàn náà yàtọ̀ sí àkókò òde òní ní [[Èkó]] àti Lọ́ndọ́nù àti ìrántí ìgbà ọmọdé àwọn ọmọbìnrin ní Nàìjíríà, ó ṣàlàyé pípadánù àìmọwọ́mọ́ wọn àti àbájáde ìbànújẹ́ tí wọ́n fara dà ní gbogbo ayé. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> dby1podnx4q46h53llibkejeadbxyg3 0 84487 637180 2026-09-17T10:59:46Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371621458|Yorùbá Boy Running]]" 637180 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Yoruba Boy Running|image=File:Yoruba_boy_running_book_cover.jpg|authors=[[Biyi Bandele]]|cover_artist=[[Chris Ofili]]|language=English|genres=[[Historical fiction]]|publisher=[[Hamish Hamilton]]|pub_date=18 April 2024|pages=288|isbn=9780241562697}}'''''Yorùbá Boy Running''''' Jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ tí ó dá lórí ìtàn gidi, tí Biyi Bándélé (1967–2022) kọ, tí wọ́n sì tẹ̀ jáde ní ọdún 2024 lẹ́yìn ikú rẹ̀. Ìwé náà sọ nípa ìtàn Àjàyí Crowther, ọmọdékùnrin kan tí wọ́n kó nígbèkùn tí wọ́n sì tà sínú ìrúbọ-ẹrú ní ọdún 1821, ẹni tí ó wá di ẹni pàtàkì nínú Ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì Anglican nígbà tó yá. == Àkótán Ìtàn Àròkọ == Ní ọdún 1821, àwọn jagunjagun láti ilẹ̀ Mali kọlu abúlé Òsogùn, níbi tí Àjàyí, ọmọkùnrin ọlọ́dún mẹ́tàdínlógún, ti ń gbé ìgbésí ayé déédéé; wọ́n sì kó òun àti ẹbí rẹ̀ ní ẹrú. Wọ́n kó o lọ sí ibi tí wọ́n ti ń kó àwọn ẹrú jọ ní Erékùṣù Èkó (Lagos) láti fi ọkọ̀ ojú-omi gbé wọn lọ sí Brazil, ṣùgbọ́n ọkọ̀ ojú-omi ti ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ-ogun ojú-omi ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì (British Royal Navy) gbà á là. Wọ́n dá a sílẹ̀, wọ́n sì mú un lọ sí Sierra Leone nítorí pé ní àkókò yẹn, kí àwọn aláìlẹ́gbẹ́-òfin ilẹ̀ òkè-òkun tó gba ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà, ìṣòwò ẹrú ṣì wọ́pọ̀ níbẹ̀. Àwọn míṣọ́nárì kíyèsí ọgbọ́n àti agbára Àjàyí láti sọ oríṣiríṣi èdè, èyí sì ṣí ọ̀nà fún un láti ní iṣẹ́ ìránṣẹ́ tó kàmàmà nínú ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì, títí dé ibi tí ó fi pàdé Ayaba Victoria àti àwọn ẹni pàtàkì mìíràn. Ó di olùṣọ́-àgùntàn (reverend), nígbà tó sì yá, wọ́n fi jẹ Bishop ní ọdún 1864 láti máa bójú tó àwọn ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì CMS ní agbègbè odò Niger. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Adegboyega|first1=Adeleke|date=19 January 2026|title=An Exploration of Slavery, Colonialism and Cultural Identity in Biyi Bándélé’s Yorùbá Boy Running|url=https://social.tresearch.ee/index.php/JLLCS/article/view/9|journal=Journal of Linguistics, Literature & Communication Studies|language=en|volume=2|issue=1|pages=1–6|issn=3059-8095}}</ref> == Ìtàn ìtẹ̀jáde == ''Ìsáré Ọmọ Yorùbá'' ni iṣẹ́ ìkẹyìn [[Biyi Bandele|Biyi Bándélé]], ó parí ní ọjọ́ díẹ̀ kí ó tó kú ní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2022, wọ́n sì tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde lẹ́yìn ikú rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2024/oct/13/biyi-bandele-legacy-yoruba-boy-running|title='He knew this was going to be the last story he wrote': the epic legacy of literary maverick Biyi Bándélé|access-date=16 February 2025|date=13 October 2024}}</ref> <ref name="tls">{{Cite news|title=Barracoon to cloth|url=https://www.the-tls.co.uk/literature/fiction/yoruba-boy-running-biyi-bandele-book-review-estelle-shirbon|access-date=16 February 2025|date=12 July 2024}}</ref> Hamish Hamilton ni ó kọ́kọ́ tẹ̀ ìwé ìtàn náà jáde, àtẹ̀jáde Penguin Random House, ní oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2024, pẹ̀lú ìṣáájú láti ọwọ́ [[Wọlé Sóyinká|Wole Soyinka]] àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà ìkọ̀wé láti ọwọ́ [[Chris Ofili]] . Lẹ́yìn náà ni HarperCollins ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2024. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == ''Yorùbá Boy Running'' gba àtúnyẹ̀wò tó gbajúmọ̀ nínú ''ìwé Publishers Weekly'' , ''Kirkus Reviews'' sì gbóríyìn fún un. Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò tí Estelle Shirbon ṣe fún ''The Times Literary Supplement,'' ó sọ pé a kọ ìwé náà pẹ̀lú “ìrísí tó péye àti ìṣẹ̀dá tó ṣẹ̀dá”. <ref name="tls" /> Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò fún ìwé ''[[The Guardian|ìròyìn The Guardian]]'', Helon Habila gbóríyìn fún àwòrán tó ṣe kedere nínú ìwé náà àti “àkókò tó fi ṣe kedere”, ó fi wé àwọn iṣẹ́ [[Wọlé Sóyinká|Wole Soyinka]] . Síbẹ̀, Habila tún sọ pé àwọn apá tó gbẹ̀yìn nínú ìwé náà kò ní ìrísí tó dára nítorí pé ó tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde lẹ́yìn ikú rẹ̀. <ref name="guardian">{{Cite news|title=Yorùbá Boy Running by Biyi Bándélé review – a historic hero|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/article/2024/jun/29/yoruba-boy-running-biyi-bandele-review-nigeria|access-date=16 February 2025|date=29 June 2024}}</ref> Alida Becker kọ̀wé nínú ''[[The New York Times|ìwé ìròyìn The New York Times]]'' pé ìwé náà ní “àwọ̀ ìtàn àròsọ àwọn baba ńlá” àti pé “ipa búburú” ti òwò ẹrú ló wà ní ọkàn ìwé ìtàn náà. <ref name="nyt">{{Cite news|title=4 Historical Novels Loaded With Witches, Fiends and Demons|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/26/books/review/new-historical-fiction-halloween.html|access-date=16 February 2025|date=26 October 2024}}</ref> Adeleke Adegboyega ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìfihàn kan tí ó “fi àwọn òtítọ́ búburú ti ìsìnrú àti ìjọba amúnisìn hàn,” ó sì tún tẹnu mọ́ “ìfaradà àti agbára ìṣiṣẹ́ àwọn ènìyàn àti àwùjọ ará Áfíríkà láti tako pípa àṣà ìbílẹ̀ run.” <ref name=":0" /> Fiona Sturges yin iwe naa gege bi itan igbesi aye “to yanilenu” ati “iyanu” ti o jẹ itan-akọọlẹ ati pataki. <ref>{{Cite news|date=14 August 2025|title=Yorùbá Boy Running by Biyi Bándélé audiobook review – from enslaved teenager to celebrated preacher|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/aug/14/yoruba-boy-running-by-biyi-bandele-audiobook-review-from-enslaved-teenager-to-celebrated-preacher|access-date=2026-01-23|language=en-GB}}</ref> Andrew Nwagbara àti Eric Maiwong ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìtàn tó gbayì” tó fi “ìtẹ̀lé ìtàn tó ṣe kedere” hàn. Wọ́n tún kíyèsí pé a pín ìwé ìtàn náà sí àwọn apá kan pẹ̀lú ọjọ́ pàtó tí a so mọ́ ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan—ọ̀nà ìtàn ìtàn náà ń pín sí orí kúkúrú àti pípín sí oríṣiríṣi apá pẹ̀lú àwọn àkọlé àti ọjọ́ mú kí ó túbọ̀ fani mọ́ra, ó sì dúró fún “àwọn òtítọ́ ìtàn tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì àkókò.” Olùṣàtúnyẹ̀wò fún ''Ìwé Ìròyìn Àwọn Ọ̀rẹ́'', tí ó ń tọ́ka sí ìyìn Soyinka fún Bandele nínú ìṣáájú ìwé náà, parí ọ̀rọ̀ rẹ̀ pé: “Nípasẹ̀ Samuel Àjàyí Crowther, àwọn òǹkọ̀wé méjì tó dáńtọ́ ń pe wá níjà láti kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ àti láti fi ìrẹ̀lẹ̀, ìgboyà, ọlá, àti oore-ọ̀fẹ́ kojú àwọn àbá àti ẹ̀tanú.” <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.friendsjournal.org/book/yoruba-boy-running-a-novel/|title=Yorùbá Boy Running: A Novel|date=1 November 2025|access-date=6 December 2025}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist|30em}} hcwz03tcwunxggmg5ium48vysunwhgg 0 84488 637181 2026-09-17T11:01:19Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366326867|A Season of Light]]" 637181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=A Season of Light|image=|alt=|caption=|author=[[Julie Iromuanya]]|language=English|genre=Literary fiction|publisher=[[Algonquin Books]]|pub_date=4 February 2025|media_type=Print|pages=256|isbn=978-1-64375-551-9}} '''''Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ kan tí a pè ní "Season of Light"''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ kan tí a kọ ní ọdún 2025 láti ọwọ́ òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà-Amẹ́ríkà Julie Iromuanya . Algonquin Books ló tẹ̀ ẹ́ jáde, ìwé ìtàn kejì tí Iromuanya kọ lẹ́yìn ''[[Ògbẹ́ni àti Ìyáàfin Dókítà|Mr. àti Mrs. Doctor]]'' (2015). Ìtàn yìí wáyé ní Nàìjíríà àti Amẹ́ríkà, ó sì tẹ̀lé àwọn ọmọ ìdílé aṣíwájú Nàìjíríà kan tí ogun, ìṣíkiri àti àdánù ń darí ìgbésí ayé wọn. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Lẹ́yìn ìjígbé àwọn ọmọbìnrin ilé-ìwé ní ​​Chibok, Nàìjíríà, ìrántí Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà tún padà wá sí ọkàn ẹbí kan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ Nàìjíríà tí ó sì ń gbé ní Florida. Bí àkókò ti àtijọ́ àti ti ìsinsìnyí ṣe ń pàdé pọ̀, àwọn mẹ́ńbà ẹbí náà ń kojú ìbànújẹ́, ìrora ọkàn tí ó ti wà láti ìgbà pípẹ́, àti àwọn ipa tí ṣíṣí kúrò ní ilẹ̀ ìbílẹ̀ wọn ti fi sílẹ̀. Nípa títọ́pa ìrìn-àjò láàrin Nàìjíríà àti Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà, ìwé ìtàn àròsọ yìí ṣàlàyé bí àwọn ìtàn ìgbésí-ayé ti ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan ṣe ń ní ipa lórí àjọṣe láàrin àwọn ìran ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀. == Kíkọ àti ìtẹ̀jáde == ''Ìwé ìtàn'' kejì tí Iromuanya kọ, tí wọ́n tẹ̀ jáde lẹ́yìn ''[[Ògbẹ́ni àti Ìyáàfin Dókítà|Ọ̀gbẹ́ni àti Ìyáàfin Dókítà]]'' . Nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò kan pẹ̀lú ''Chicago Review of Books'', Iromuanya sọ pé òun fẹ́ ṣe àyẹ̀wò àwọn ọ̀nà tí àwọn ọ̀dọ́ fi ń jogún àbájáde ìjà, nípa fífún wọn ní ìsopọ̀ láàárín Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà àti ìjínigbé àwọn ọmọbìnrin ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Chibok ti ọdún 2014. Ó ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwádìí ìrántí, ìrìnàjò àti bí ìwà ipá ṣe ń tẹ̀síwájú láti ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn ìran tó ń bọ̀. Nígbà tí ó ń bá Rédíò Gbogbogbò New Hampshire sọ̀rọ̀, Iromuanya sọ pé ìwé ìtàn náà wá láti inú ìfẹ́ rẹ̀ sí ìtàn ìdílé àti àwọn ipa ogun lórí àwọn ènìyàn tí kò tíì ní ìrírí rẹ̀ tààrà. Ó tún jíròrò nípa kíkọ nípa àwọn agbègbè àwọn àlejò, ìdánimọ̀ àti wíwá àwọn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Nígbà tí Cleyvis Natera ń kọ ìwé ìròyìn ''[[The New York Times]]'', wọ́n gbóríyìn fún ìwé ìtàn náà fún bí ó ṣe ń tọ́jú ìdílé, ìrántí àti ìrìnàjò, pẹ̀lú olùṣàyẹ̀wò tí ó tẹnu mọ́ bí Iromuanya ṣe ń ṣe àfihàn àwọn àbájáde ìmọ̀lára ogun àti ìṣípò kúrò nílé láti ìran dé ìran. <ref>{{Cite news|title=When Nigerian Schoolgirls Are Abducted, a Father Unravels|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/01/books/review/a-season-of-light-julie-iromuanya.html|date=1 February 2025|access-date=27 July 2026}}</ref> ''Kirkus Reviews'' ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìfihàn ìrírí àwọn arìnrìn-àjò ní Amẹ́ríkà òde òní tó ní ipa lórí, tó sì ṣe àkíyèsí,” ó kíyè sí ìtọ́jú rẹ̀ sí ìpalára láàárín ìran àti àfihàn rẹ̀ nípa ogún tó wà títí láé ti Ogun Abẹ́lé Nàìjíríà. Nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò tí wọ́n ṣe, ''Publishers Weekly'' gbóríyìn fún ìwà àti ìṣètò ìtàn Iromuanya, ó sì ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ìtàn ẹlẹ́wà nípa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ tuntun”. Àtúnyẹ̀wò náà gbóríyìn fún ìwádìí rẹ̀ lórí ìbànújẹ́, ìdílé àti ìfaradà, àti bí ó ṣe ṣe àfihàn àwọn ipa tí ìwà ipá ìṣèlú lè ní títí láé. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} j83yx2tcv43zjkpea94lhhccc6pr90j 0 84489 637182 2026-09-17T11:03:23Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328696293|This Kind of Trouble]]" 637182 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox book|image=File:This_Kind_of_Trouble.jpg|author=Tochi Eze|publisher=[[Random House]]|pub_date=August 5, 2025|pages=320|isbn=978-1-529-92876-1}} '''''Irú Ìṣòro Yìí''''' ni ìwé àkọ́kọ́ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà Tochi Eze kọ, tí Random House ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà tẹ̀ jáde ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2025 àti Cornerstone ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. Iṣẹ́ ìtàn àti ìtàn onírúru ìran kan náà gba ọ̀rúndún kan tí ó kún fún wàhálà, ó ń tọ́pasẹ̀ ìtàn àti ogún ìdílé kan káàkiri àwọn kọ́ńtínẹ́ǹtì. == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ìtàn yìí jẹ́ ìtàn ìdílé tó gbajúmọ̀ tí wọ́n kọ ní àkókò mẹ́ta tí a so pọ̀, láti abúlé kékeré kan ní Nàìjíríà ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1900 sí Èkó àti Atlanta ní ọdún 2005. Ìtàn náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìlú Èkó ní àwọn ọdún 1960, nígbà tí ìlú náà kún fún ìtara àti agbára lábẹ́ òmìnira tuntun tí Nàìjíríà ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ gba.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=Tochi Eze: This Kind of Trouble – in Conversation with Bruce Holsinger – New Dominion Bookshop|url=https://ndbookshop.com/events/tochi-eze-this-kind-of-trouble-in-conversation-with-bruce-holsinger/|access-date=2025-10-09|website=ndbookshop.com}}</ref>Margaret Okolo, ọ̀dọ́bìnrin ọmọ Nàìjíríà kan tí ó ní ìpinnu líle, pàdé Benjamin Fletcher, ọkùnrin kan tí a bí ní ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì, tí ó sì ní ẹ̀yà àdàpọ̀ láti Nàìjíríà. Benjamin wá sí Èkó láti wá ọ̀nà láti ní ìsopọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìdílé àti orírun rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ikú bàbá rẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ Nàìjíríà. Láìka àwọn iyèméjì tí Margaret ní ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ sí, ìsopọ̀ tó lágbára yọjú láàárín wọn lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, wọ́n sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ní ìfẹ́ tó lágbára, èyí tí ó sì jẹ́ èyí tí a kò gbà láyè. Bí tọkọtaya náà ṣe ń sọ ìtàn papọ̀, wọ́n bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣàwárí ìtàn àtijọ́ kan tí ó so pọ̀, wọ́n sì rí i pé àwọn baba ńlá wọn ní ìsopọ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn ní abúlé baba ńlá Margaret, Umumilo. Òjìji ìwà ìkàlẹ̀ aláìlóye kan tó ti pẹ́ ní Umumilo, pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìlera ọpọlọ Margaret tó ń burú sí i, ló fa ìṣọ̀kan wọn. Benjamin fi Margaret àti ọmọbìnrin wọn kékeré, Nwando, sílẹ̀ ní Èkó, ó sì dá dúró sí Atlanta ''',''' Georgia. Fún ogójì ọdún tó tẹ̀lé e, tọkọtaya náà ṣì wà ní ìkọ̀kọ̀, Margaret gbàgbọ́ pé wọ́n ti fi ìdílé rẹ̀ bú nítorí pé wọ́n ṣe ìgbéyàwó lòdì sí ìfẹ́ àwọn àgbà ìlú náà. Ní ọdún 2005, ìtàn náà papọ̀ mọ́ àkókò yìí. Margaret ti fẹ̀yìntì ní agbègbè olókìkí kan ní Èkó, Benjamin, tí ó jẹ́ ẹni ọdún mẹ́tàdínlọ́gọ́ta báyìí, sì jẹ́ ọkùnrin àṣeyọrí ṣùgbọ́n tí ó dá wà ní Atlanta tí ó ń kojú àwọn ìṣòro ọkàn àti àìní àwọn ìbátan tí ó jinlẹ̀. Ìgbésí ayé wọn tí wọ́n ti fìdí múlẹ̀, tí wọ́n sì yà sọ́tọ̀ pátápátá ni wọ́n bàjẹ́ nígbà tí ọmọbìnrin wọn tó ti dàgbà, Nwando, béèrè fún ìbéèrè kíákíá kan: ọmọ ọmọ wọn, Chuka, ń fi àwọn àmì tó ń dà wọ́n láàmú hàn, èyí tó ń fi bí Margaret ṣe ń gbìyànjú àtijọ́ hàn. Nítorí ìbẹ̀rù ègún ìran kan, Margaret ti pe oníṣègùn kan láti Umumilo láti ṣe àṣà ìwẹ̀nùmọ́ fún gbogbo ìdílé náà, èyí tí ó mú kí Benjamin padà sí Nàìjíríà. Nítorí náà, àwọn olólùfẹ́ àtijọ́ náà ní láti tún pàdé láti kojú àṣírí ìgbà èwe wọn àti àwọn ẹrù baba ńlá tí a kò yanjú tí ó ti tẹ̀lé wọn láti ìran dé ìran. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> 5j3rzc15zarjykrnm302qccl11yra9g 0 84490 637183 2026-09-17T11:05:46Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356083653|The Tiny Things Are Heavier]]" 637183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|image=File:The_Tiny_Things_Are_Heavier.jpg|author=Esther Ifesinachi Okonkwo|genre=Fiction|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]]|pub_date=June 24, 2025|pages=288|isbn=978-1-639-73411-5}}   Ìwé ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà Esther Ifesinachi Okonkwo kọ ni '''''The Tiny Things Are Heavier''''' . Ìwé ìròyìn Bloomsbury Publishing tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2025, ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ nípa ìrìnàjò, ìlera ọpọlọ, ojúṣe ìdílé, ìfẹ́, àti ìdánimọ̀, ní pàtàkì, ó da lórí aṣíwájú ará Nàìjíríà kan tí ó ń rìnrìn àjò ní Amẹ́ríkà àti ìfàmọ́ra ilé tí ó díjú. A ti fi ìwé ìtàn náà wé àwọn iṣẹ́ Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|archivedate=2025-07-21}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ìtàn yìí tẹ̀lé Somkelechukwu (Sommy), obìnrin ọmọ Nàìjíríà kan tó rìnrìn àjò lọ sí [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Amẹ́ríkà]] láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìwé ní Iowa. Ìlọkúrò rẹ̀ wáyé ní ọ̀sẹ̀ méjì lẹ́yìn tí ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ̀ ọkùnrin, Mezie, gbìyànjú láti pa ara rẹ̀, èyí sì mú kí Sommy ní ẹ̀bi àti ìṣòro pẹ̀lú àárẹ̀ ilé àti ìmọ̀lára ìyapa nínú ìgbésí ayé tuntun rẹ̀. <ref name=":0" /> Sommy bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Bayo, ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà alábàágbé rẹ̀ tó ń dún kíkankíkan. Sibẹsibẹ, igbesi aye rẹ di ohun ti o nira sii nigbati o bẹrẹ si nifẹẹ si Bryan, onkọwe ara ilu Amẹrika ti o jẹ akọni ati oniranran ti baba rẹ ti orilẹ-ede Naijiria fi idile rẹ silẹ laipẹ lẹhin ibimọ rẹ. Nítorí ìmọ̀lára àìní àjọṣepọ̀ wọn àti ìmọ̀lára ìbátan tí kò ṣe kedere ti Nàìjíríà, Sommy àti Bryan di ọ̀rẹ́ ara wọn. Nígbà ìsinmi ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn, Sommy àti Bryan rìnrìn àjò lọ sí ìlú Èkó, Nàìjíríà. Sommy n nireti lati tun ibasepo rẹ pẹlu Mezie ṣe ati lati koju awọn ipo ti o nira ninu awọn ibasepo ẹbi rẹ, nigba ti Bryan n wa ọna lati tun sopọ pẹlu baba rẹ ti wọn ti ya sọtọ fun igba pipẹ. Iṣẹlẹ iyalẹnu ti ko si ni ero wọn waye lakoko irin-ajo yii, eyi ti o da igbesi aye wọn ru, ti o si fa wahala ba awọn ibasepo Sommy; o tun mu ki o ni lati koju ọrọ nipa ẹni ti oun gan-an jẹ ati ohun ti o yẹ ki o ṣe fun awọn ti o nifẹ si. <ref name=":0" /> Ìtàn náà ṣàwárí ìyàtọ̀ tó wà láàárín Amẹ́ríkà Midwest àti ìlú [[Èkó|Lagos]] tó kún fún ìgbòkègbodò, nípa lílo ìrìnàjò gẹ́gẹ́ bí ojú ìwòye láti ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn ìjàkadì gbogbogbòò ènìyàn àti ìlànà ìyípadà láti ìgbà èwe sí ìgbà ogbó. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> 2rcvadn9q0ww9tctm3ue0jypsq9ei9c 0 84491 637184 2026-09-17T11:07:51Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361966870|Years of Shame]]" 637184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|name=Years of Shame|author=[[Obinna Udenwe]]|country=Nigeria|language=English|genre=Historical fiction|publisher=|pub_date=|media_type=Print|pages=|isbn=}}"Àwọn Ọdún Ìtìjú" jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn àròsọ nípa ìtàn ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà tí Obinna Udenwe kọ. Ìwé náà dá lórí àwọn àbájáde ìpinnu Patrice Ikebe láti lo ìbúra "ukpa ji-ukpa nwa" lẹ́yìn tó fi ẹ̀sùn jíjà-n-jà-nlẹ̀ kan ọkùnrin mìíràn; àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó tẹ̀lé èyí sì kan ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìran ènìyàn. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwé náà gba ìyìn fún bí ó ṣe gbé ìtàn àti àṣà àwọn ọmọ Igbo yọ àti fún bí ó ṣe ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ "Ọgụ Teteri" (Ìdìtẹ̀ Àkọ́kọ́ ti àwọn Izii), àwọn olùtúpalẹ̀ ìwé tún ṣàríwísí rẹ̀ lórí ọ̀rọ̀ bí wọ́n ṣe ṣàtúnṣe rẹ̀ àti bí wọ́n ṣe pèsè rẹ̀ jáde. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Patrice Ikebe fi ẹ̀sùn kan Methuselah Enigwe pé ó jí owó rẹ̀, ó sì pe ''ukpa ji-ukpa nwa'' láti fi ẹ̀sùn rẹ̀ hàn. Ìpinnu náà gbé àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ó ní ipa lórí àwọn ọmọ àti àwùjọ rẹ̀ fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìran. Ìwé ìtàn náà ní àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú Ọgụ Teteri, tí a tún mọ̀ sí Ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ Izii Àkọ́kọ́, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìrírí àwọn agbègbè ní gúúsù ìlà-oòrùn Nàìjíríà . == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Nígbà tí Sima Essien ń kọ̀wé fún ''ìwé ìròyìn The Lagos Review'', ó ṣàpèjúwe ìwé ìtàn náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “àkójọ ìtàn àròsọ, ìtàn àti àṣà” ó sì fi akọni rẹ̀, Patrice Ikebe, wé àwọn ènìyàn ìbànújẹ́ bíi Oedipus àti Okonkwo. Nígbà tí ó ń ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò ìwé ìtàn Afrocritik, Chimezie Chika ṣàpèjúwe iṣẹ́ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtumọ̀ tuntun ti ''Oedipus Rex'' ní Nàìjíríà, ó sì gbóríyìn fún àjọṣepọ̀ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìtàn Ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ Izii Àkọ́kọ́ àti àjọṣepọ̀ láàrín àwọn agbègbè Igbo . Lẹ́yìn náà, ''ìwé ìròyìn The Nation'' tẹnu mọ́ bí ìwé ìtàn náà ṣe ń bá ìtàn náà rìn nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò tí wọ́n ṣe sí iṣẹ́ náà. Azubuike Obi tó ń kọ ìwé fún ''Afapinen'' gbóríyìn fún àfikún ìwé ìtàn náà láti mú àwọn ìrírí ìtàn tí a kò mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ padà ní gúúsù ìlà oòrùn Nàìjíríà nípasẹ̀ ìtàn àròsọ. ''Afrocritik'' àti ''Brittle Paper'' ṣe àríwísí àtúnṣe àti dídára iṣẹ́ ìwé ìtàn náà, wọ́n tọ́ka sí àwọn ìṣòro pẹ̀lú àmì ìdámọ̀, ìṣètò ìkọ̀wé àti àtúnṣe àdàkọ. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 342hla0rae52mn96hb0xcjz9bxuju7o 0 84492 637185 2026-09-17T11:13:23Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359753845|Infinite Riches]]" 637185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book|author=Ben Okri|pub_date=1998|language=English|country=Nigeria|preceded_by=[[Songs of Enchantment]]|image=File:Infinite_Riches.jpg}}Ìwé ìtàn '''''Infinite Riches''''' jẹ́ ìwé ìtàn tí òǹkọ̀wé ọmọ Nàìjíríà [[Ben Okri]] kọ ní ọdún 1998. Azaro ọmọ ẹ̀mí náà ṣì wà ní ayé rúdurùdu ní abúlé rẹ̀ ní Áfíríkà, ó ń rí ìgbésí ayé rúdurùdu àti àìlera ti àwọn Alààyè. Àwọn wọ̀nyí ni ìyá rẹ̀, tó ń jà fún ìdájọ́ òdodo, àti baba rẹ̀, tó wà lẹ́wọ̀n fún ẹ̀ṣẹ̀ kan tí kò dá. Ìwé náà ni ìwé kẹta nínú ìwé mẹ́ta tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú <nowiki><i id="mwEQ">Famished Road</i></nowiki> ní ọdún 1991. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Infinite Riches|date=1999-01-01|location=London}}</ref> == Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà == Ìwé 'Infinite Riches' bẹ̀rẹ̀ níbi tí 'Songs of Enchantment' ti parí, nígbà tí wọ́n fi bàbá Azaro sẹ́wọ̀n nítorí ẹ̀sùn pé ó pa aládùúgbò kan. Ọmọ ẹ̀mí ni Azaro. Ó ti ṣe ìlérí fún àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ tí wọ́n jẹ́ ẹ̀mí pé òun yóò kú ní kíákíá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n bá bí òun, kí òun sì padà sọ́dọ̀ wọn. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, Azaro rú ìlérí yẹn lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n bí i. Títí di báyìí, àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ nínú ayé àwọn ẹ̀mí ti rán àwọn ẹ̀mí márùn-ún wá, ṣùgbọ́n wọn kò tíì lè mú un padà lọ́dọ̀ wọn. Wọ́n sì tún ti rán àwọn méjì mìíràn tí wọ́n léwu jùlọ wá pẹ̀lú. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} gevjh8ebstt3hvoqvy5g5272jqdcbyw 0 84493 637186 2026-09-17T11:43:41Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368677239|As Crazy as It Gets]]" 637186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=As Crazy as it Gets|image=As Crazy as it Gets poster.jpg|alt=|caption=Film poster|director=Shittu Taiwo|producer=Omar Kona|writer=Daniella Ame Esua <br> Shittu Taiwo|starring={{ubl|[[Omoni Oboli]]|Chuks Chyke}}|music=|cinematography=Shalom Chiki <br> Uyi Enabulele|editing=Justin Thomas <br> Shittu Taiwo|studio=Reel Pixel Entertainment|distributor=|released={{Film date|2015|5|3|[[Abuja]] premiere|df=yes}}|runtime=|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=|gross=}}   Fíìmù apanilẹ́rìn -ín ìfẹ́ ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí Shittu Taiwo darí ni '''''As Crazy as it Gets, tí wọ́n ṣe ní''''' ọdún 2015, tí [[Omoni Oboli]] àti Chuks Chyke kópa nínú rẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=27 May 2015}}</ref> Àkópọ̀ ìtàn fíìmù náà sọ pé: "Ọkùnrin kan tí ó fẹ́ béèrè fún ọwọ́ ọ̀rẹ́bìnrin rẹ̀ láti fẹ́ ẹ rí i pé àwọn ètò òun ti dàrú, nígbà tí obìnrin kan tí ó lóyún gidi wá sí ẹnu-ọ̀nà ilé rẹ̀ láti béèrè pé kí ó ṣe ojúṣe rẹ̀." == Àwọn òṣèré == * [[Omoni Oboli]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Katherine * Chucks Chyke gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ritchie * Aisha Tisham gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nina * Oduen Apel as * Titi Joseph gẹ́gẹ́ bí * Mary Chukwu gẹ́gẹ́ bí * Tehilla Adiele gẹ́gẹ́ bí * Ajibade gẹ́gẹ́ bí == Iṣelọpọ ati itusilẹ == ''Wọ́n ya àwòrán Crazy bí ó ṣe rí'' ní [[Àbújá|Abuja]], [[Agbègbè Olú-ìlú Ìjọba Àpapọ̀ Nàíjíríà|FCT]] . Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Sheraton Hotel, Abuja ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2015. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=20 November 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=20 November 2015}}</ref> Wọ́n gbé àtẹ̀jáde fíìmù náà jáde lórí ayélujára ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2015. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2015-06-24}}</ref> == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Nollywood tí a tún Ṣe Àtúnṣe Rẹ̀ fún fíìmù náà ní 40%, ó gbóríyìn fún ìtàn náà fún jíjẹ́ “ọ̀tọ̀”, ṣùgbọ́n ó ń ṣe àríwísí ìtàn náà tí kò lágbára àti àìsí ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ láàárín àwọn òṣèré méjèèjì. Ó parí ọ̀rọ̀ rẹ̀ pé: "...fíìmù náà dùn mọ́ni nítorí pé ó yàtọ̀. Omoni mú ìgbésí ayé wá sí fíìmù náà, olórí ọkùnrin náà, Chucks Chyke, sì ṣe dáadáa gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré. Nísinsìnyí, iṣẹ́ kan wà tí ó yẹ kí a ṣe pẹ̀lú ìdáhùn rẹ̀ sí àwọn òṣèré mìíràn nínú fíìmù náà". == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} == Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde == rufy2reppqifd1qx788s4zwewbygw47 0 84494 637187 2026-09-17T11:45:42Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359096372|Christmas Is Coming (film)]]" 637187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=Christmas Is Coming|image=Christmas_Is_Coming_Poster.jpg|caption=Theatrical release poster|director=[[Ufuoma McDermott]]|writer=Ufuoma McDermott|producer=Ufuoma McDermott|starring=Ufuoma McDermott<br />[[Chioma Chukwuka]]<br />Zack Orji<br />[[Sola Sobowale]]<br />[[Deyemi Okanlawon]]<br />Mary Lazarus<br />Odenike Odetola<br />Gregory Ojefua|cinematography=|editing=Jude Legemah|music=Kolade Morakinyo|studio=The USM Company|distributor=Silverbird Distribution Company|released={{Film date|2017|11|24|df=yes}}|runtime=102 minutes|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=|gross=}}   '''''Christmas Is Coming''''' jẹ́ fíìmù eré ìfẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2017 tí Ufuoma McDermott, [[Chioma Chukwuka]], [[Deyemi Okanlawon]], [[Zack Orji]] àti [[Sola Sobowale]] kópa nínú rẹ̀. Ufuoma McDermott ló kọ fíìmù náà, òun náà ló sì darí rẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/2017/10/christmas-coming-sola-sobowale-chioma-akpotha-others.html|title=‘CHRISTMAS IS COMING’ FOR SOLA SOBOWALE, CHIOMA AKPOTHA, OTHERS|date=22 October 2017|work=InformationNG|accessdate=5 March 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Àkótán == Henri Atta jẹ́ ọmọbìnrin tí ó ní ìwà bíi ti ọmọkùnrin; ó bá ara rẹ̀ nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìṣòro lẹ́yìn tí àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ tí wọ́n jọ ń gbé — Avia àti Nene — ti ṣe àtúnṣe sí ìrísí rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ díẹ̀ ṣáájú Kérésìmesì, èyí tí ó tún jẹ́ àkókò tí ó ní láti ṣe àfihàn iṣẹ́ pàtàkì kan ní ibi iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. Wọ́n fi ọ̀rọ̀ nira fún Henri nígbà tó ń ṣe àfihàn èrò rẹ̀, ipò náà sì túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí àwọn ìwà tí ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, Lola Makinde, ń hù. Ìtàn náà yí padà, nígbà tí Henri nífẹ̀ẹ́ ọ̀gá rẹ̀ Koko Williams láìmọ̀ọ́mọ̀. == Àwọn òṣèré == {{div col|colwidth=30em}} *[[Ufuoma McDermott]] as Henri Atta *[[Sola Sobowale]] as Mrs. Atta *[[Chioma Akpotha]] as Lola Makinde *[[Zack Orji]] as General Atta *[[Deyemi Okanlawon]] as Koko Williams *Mary Lazarus as Avia *[[Gregory Ojefua]] as Mr. Esan *Michael Okon as Harry *Izzie Otaigbe as Izzie Otaigbe *Odenike Odetola as sales clerk *Amanda Oruh as Chika Eze *Ray Adeka as Osaretin Ida {{div col end}}   == Iṣelọpọ ati itusilẹ == Ufuoma McDermott fi hàn pé òun bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ ìtàn fún fíìmù náà ní ọdún 2013, <ref name="pulse">{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/communities/bloggers/movies-christmas-is-coming-premieres-at-imax-cinemas-in-a-grand-style-review-id7622931.html|title=Movies "Christmas is coming" premieres at Imax cinemas in a grand style [Review]|date=28 November 2017|accessdate=5 March 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archivedate=23 September 2018|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}</ref> nígbà tí fọ́tò pàtàkì bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2017 àti pé wọ́n gbé àwo tí wọ́n fi ṣe fíìmù náà jáde ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2017. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/watch-trailer-for-new-nollywood-movie-christmas-is-coming-id7504403.html|title=Watch Ufuoma McDermott, Chioma Chukwuka, Deyemi Okanlawon in trailer|date=24 October 2017|accessdate=5 March 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}</ref> Fíìmù náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Filmhouse IMAX Cinemas, Lekki ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2017, <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2017/11/christmas-is-coming-movie-premiere.html|title=Christmas Is Coming Movie Premiere Photos...|date=21 November 2017|newspaper=SDK|accessdate=5 March 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://leadership.ng/2017/11/16/christmas-hampers-grabs-christmas-coming-movie-premiere/|title=Christmas Hampers For Grabs At ‘Christmas `Is Coming’ Movie Premiere|date=11 December 2017|accessdate=5 March 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> ta àwọn tíkẹ́ẹ̀tì tí wọ́n ti jáde ṣáájú kí wọ́n tó gbé fíìmù náà jáde ní àwọn sinimá jákèjádò Nàìjíríà ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2017. == Gbigbawọle pataki == Pulse Nigeria ròyìn pé òṣèré [[Richard Mofe Damijo|Richard Mofe-Damijo]] sọ nígbà tí ó wo fíìmù náà pé “Mo nífẹ̀ẹ́ rẹ̀! Mo nífẹ̀ẹ́ fíìmù náà.” <ref name="pulse" /> Gbogbo èrò tí wọ́n gbà lórí ojú òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà ni pé ''Christmas Is Come'' “yóò mú kí ẹ̀rín máa gbọ̀n rìrì, yóò sì tún mú kí ọkàn rẹ dàrú nítorí ìdààmú ọkàn tí gbogbo rẹ̀ kún fún àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkẹyìn.” <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/communities/bloggers/christmas-is-coming-an-epic-end-to-a-hilarious-beginning-id7711991.html|title=Movie Review: Christmas is coming; an epic end to a hilarious beginning|date=11 December 2017|accessdate=5 March 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archivedate=20 December 2017|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}</ref> == Wo tun == * Àkójọ àwọn fíìmù Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2017 == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} lzfgg9snnq6v16z54f6fz3cx6bysj0i 0 84495 637188 2026-09-17T11:47:04Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369391787|Things Fall Apart (upcoming TV series)]]" 637188 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox television|image=|genre=|creator=|based_on=''[[Things Fall Apart]]'' by [[Chinua Achebe]]|writer=|screenplay=|story=|director=|starring=[[Idris Elba]]|narrator=|theme_music_composer=|country=|language=|num_series=|num_episodes=|executive_producer=[[David Oyelowo]] <br>[[Idris Elba]]|producer=|editor=|cinematography=|runtime=|company={{Plainlist| * [[A24]] * Yoruba Saxon Productions * 22 Summers }}|budget=|network=|first_aired=|last_aired=}} '''Things Fall Apart''' jẹ́ eré tẹlifíṣọ̀n tí yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ iwájú tí a gbé ka ìwé ìtàn [[Chinua Achebe]] ti ọdún 1958 tí ó ní orúkọ kan náà. A ti ṣètò eré náà láti kópa [[Idris Elba]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórí ìtàn náà, Okonkwo. == Àwọn òṣèré == * [[Idris Elba]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Okonkwo == Ìṣẹ̀dá == === Ìdàgbàsókè === A kede iṣẹ́ yíyí ìwé náà padà sí eré ní oṣù Kẹsàn-án ọdún 2024, nígbà tí ilé-iṣẹ́ A24 gba ẹ̀tọ́ láti ṣe é. Idris Elba àti David Oyelowo dara pọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn olùdarí iṣẹ́ náà (executive producers), pẹ̀lú Elba tí yóò tún kó ipa pàtàkì ti Okonkwo. Ilé-iṣẹ́ Elba, 22 Summers, àti ti Oyelowo, Yoruba Saxon Productions, ló ń ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ lórí eré yìí. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Adeduyite|title=British actor Idris Elba to star as Okonkwo in 'Things Fall Apart' series adaptation|url=https://punchng.com/british-actor-idris-elba-to-star-as-okonkwo-in-things-fall-apart-series-adaptation/?amp|date=27 September 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Welk|title=Idris Elba to Star in and EP Series Adaptation of Classic Nigerian Novel 'Things Fall Apart' with A24|url=https://www.indiewire.com/news/breaking-news/idris-elba-things-fall-apart-series-adaptation-classic-nigerian-novel-a24-1235051418/|date=26 September 2024}}</ref> Ìkéde [[Idris Elba]] tó ṣe àfihàn Okonkwo ló fa àríyànjiyàn tó lágbára lórí ìjẹ́pàtàkì ìṣe àṣà. Ní ọwọ́ kejì ẹ̀wẹ̀, ẹgbẹ́ kan tí ó ní òmìnira púpọ̀ ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún àwọn olùkópa Elba, wọ́n tẹnu mọ́ ìfàmọ́ra gbogbogbòò ti ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'' gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé àgbáyé dípò ìtàn ilẹ̀ Igbo nìkan. == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} hhi5au7csqqp0txz6iuut9zt1hdbaus 0 84496 637189 2026-09-17T11:48:21Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374630567|Alter Date]]" 637189 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Àyípadà Déètì ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Oludari ni | class="infobox-data" | Marc Adebesin |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Olùgbéjáde láti ọwọ́ | class="infobox-data" | Marc Adebesin & Yemisi Banjoko |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Àwọn olùkópa | class="infobox-data" | Iyabo Ojo, Bolanle Ninalowo and Kenneth Okolie |- style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;"> Ojo ifisile </div> | class="infobox-data" | |} '''''Alter Date''''' jẹ́ fíìmù eré ìfẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2019 tí Marc Adebesin darí, Yemi Banjoko sì ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ rẹ̀. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-07|title=Lilian Esoro, Frederick Leonard, Bolanle Ninalowo, others tango in "Alter Date"|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/05/lilian-esoro-frederick-leonard-bolanle-ninalowo-others-tango-in-alter-date/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-08-05}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-04-20|title=Bolanle Ninalowo, Lilian Esoro shine as 'The Alter Date' hits cinemas|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/bolanle-ninalowo-lilian-esoro-shine-as-alter-date-hits-cinemas/|accessdate=2022-08-05}}</ref> [[Iyabo Ojo]], [[Bolanle Ninalowo]], ati [[Kenneth Okolie]] ni fiimu naa wa. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-04-12|title=Nollywood Movie, Alter Date, Set For Nigerian Screens|url=https://independent.ng/nollywood-movie-alter-date-set-for-nigerian-screens/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-08-05}}</ref> Fiimu yii da lori awọn ọrẹ mẹta ti wọn n wa ifẹ. Eyi akọkọ nilo ọkunrin ọlọrọ lati le tọju igbe-aye rẹ bi o ṣe fẹ, ekeji ko ni orire pẹlu awọn ọkunrin, bẹẹ si ni ẹkẹta ko mọ bi a ṣe n ṣe ọrọ ifẹ, ti o si maa n nifẹ si awọn ọkunrin ti ko tọ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2019-04-27|title=High expectations as 'Alter Date' is screened|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/high-expectations-as-alter-date-is-screened/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=2022-08-05}}</ref> == Àwọn òṣèré == * [[Iyabo Ojo]] * [[Bolanle Ninalowo]] * [[Kenneth Okolie]] * [[Frederick Leonard]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Timi * Tana Adelana * [[Lilian Esoro]] * Lanre Afod * Amarachi Amusi * Joseph Momodu * Yemisi Banjoko <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Bada|first1=Gbenga|date=2019-04-19|title=Lilian Esoro finds love as a writer in new movie, 'Alter Date'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lilian-esoro-finds-love-as-a-writer-in-new-movie-alter-date/2kmecqv|accessdate=2022-08-05|journal=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}</ref> == Ìtújáde == Wọ́n ṣe àfihàn fíìmù náà ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2019, ní Silverbird Cinema, Ikeja City Mall, Lagos. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> == Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti yíyàn == Fíìmù náà gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ méje, ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n, láìsí àmì-ẹ̀yẹ láti ọ̀dọ̀ GAP Awarding Body fún ṣíṣe àfikún sí àwòrán Áfíríkà. <ref name=":0" /> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Àyọkà pẹ̀lú ìjúwe ṣókí]] 6e0p0ycythhmt8c7z4pcxkdrofhohis 0 84497 637190 2026-09-17T11:50:03Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368677325|Cake (2022 film)]]" 637190 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Kéèkì ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Oludari ni | class="infobox-data" | Prosper Edesiri |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Olùgbéjáde láti ọwọ́ | class="infobox-data" | Tongryang Pantu |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Àwọn olùkópa | class="infobox-data" | Saskay, Patience Ozokwor, Emmanuel "Koloman" Jibunor ati Philip Asaya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> Ìṣẹ̀dá<br /><br /><br /><br /> awọn ile-iṣẹ</div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;"> Àwọn iṣẹ́ fíìmù àwọn ará ìlú àti àwọn iṣẹ́ fíìmù Michelangelo</div> |- style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;"> Ojo ifisile </div> | class="infobox-data" | |} '''"The Cake"''' jẹ́ fíìmù Nollywood oní-fẹ́ àti àwàdà, èyí tí Prosper Edesiri darí tí Tongryang Pantu sì ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ rẹ̀. Àwọn òṣèré bíi Saskay, Patience Ozokwor, Emmanuel Jibunor, Philip Asaya, Tope Tedela, Sophie Alakija, àti Folu Storms ló kópa nínú rẹ̀; Dotun Olakunri sì jẹ́ Olùdarí Àgbà (Executive Producer) nígbà tí Steve Gukas jẹ́ Olùṣe-àjọ-gbékalẹ̀ (Co-producer) fíìmù náà. Wọ́n gbé fíìmù náà jáde nípasẹ̀ Natives Filmworks àti Michelangelo Productions, lábẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ Natives Family Friendly Films Project Production Company. Ilé-iṣẹ́ FilmOne Production ló pín fíìmù náà káàkiri, wọ́n sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi hàn ní àwọn sinimá ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejì, ọdún 2022. == Àwọn òṣèré == * Saskai * [[Patience Ozokwor]] bi Mama Tomiwa * Emmanuel Jibunor * Philip Asaya gẹ́gẹ́ bí Theo Maduka * [[Tope Tedela]] as Tomiwa Akinlolu * [[Sophie Alakija]] bi Chalya Walshak * [[Folu Storms|Fọ́lù Storms]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Mfon == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Àyọkà pẹ̀lú ìjúwe ṣókí]] 9jae1eoebhfkt48v2t0rexxrio2flat 0 84498 637191 2026-09-17T11:50:59Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368677807|Divorce Not Allowed]]" 637191 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |A ko gba laaye ikọsilẹ ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Oludari ni | class="infobox-data" | [[Mike Ezuruonye]] |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Olùgbéjáde láti ọwọ́ | class="infobox-data" | [[Mike Ezuruonye]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" | Àwọn olùkópa | class="infobox-data" | [[Bolanle Ninalowo]], [[Iyabo Ojo]], [[Angela Okorie]], [[Eniola Badmus]] |- style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;"> Ojo ifisile </div> | class="infobox-data" | |} '''Ìyàsọ́tọ̀ Kò Gba Àyè Láti Ṣe Ìpínyà''' jẹ́ eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín ìfẹ́ ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2018 tí [[Mike Ezuruonye]] ṣe àti olùdarí rẹ̀. <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=2018-04-14|title=Why I did Divorce Not Allowed – Mike Ezuruonye|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/why-i-did-divorce-not-allowed-mike-ezuruonye/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-07-27|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2018-04-21|title=Mike Ezuruonye's 'Divorce Not Allowed' is trending|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/mike-ezuruonyes-divorce-not-allowed-is-trending/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-07-27|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=2017-06-24|title=Mike Ezuruonye set to release new movie, 'Divorce? Not Allowed'|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/06/mike-ezuruonye-set-release-new-movie-divorce-not-allowed/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-07-27|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Fíìmù náà, tí ó sọ̀rọ̀ nípa àwọn ọ̀ràn ìbáṣepọ̀ láàrín àwọn tọkọtaya àti àwọn olólùfẹ́, [[Bolanle Ninalowo]], [[Iyabo Ojo]], [[Angela Okorie]], [[Eniola Badmus]] àti [[Mike Tyson|Mike Ezuruonye]] ló kópa nínú rẹ̀. <ref name=":0" /> == Àkótán == Fiimu yii da lori awọn iṣoro ti awọn tọkọtaya ọdọ n koju ati bi awọn ọna ti wọn n gba lati yanju wọn ṣe ma n fa iyapa nigba miiran. Itan fiimu naa da lori iriri awọn ọkunrin ọdọ mẹta ti wọn ti ni iyawo; wọn n koju awọn iṣoro ninu igbeyawo wọn ti o jẹ ki wọn ma kabamọ pe wọn tii ṣe igbeyawo rara. Wọn ko ni igboya to lati ya ara wọn sọtọ, dipo bẹẹ, wọn n wa awọn ọna miiran lati gba ara wọn silẹ kuro ninu ipo ti o dabi ẹni pe o di wọn mọlẹ yii. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":2" /> == Àfihàn àkọ́kọ́ == Wọ́n kọ́kọ́ ṣe àfihàn fíìmù náà ní Nàìjíríà, wọ́n sì tún ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ ní Boleyn Cinemas, Barking Road, [[Lọndọnu|London]], [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan|UK]] ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2018. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-05-17|title=Mike Ezuruonye takes 'divorce not allowed' to London|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/mike-ezuruonye-takes-divorce-not-allowed-to-london/|accessdate=2022-07-27|work=[[Nigerian Tribune]]}}</ref> == Àwọn òṣèré == * [[Mike Ezuruonye]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Hycent * Rotimi Salami gẹ́gẹ́ bí Joe * Kehinde Olorunyomi gẹ́gẹ́ bí Linda * [[Eniola Badmus]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Shrink * [[Iyabo Ojo]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Omotara * [[Angela Okorie]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ego * [[Bolanle Ninalowo]] bi Chuks * Efe Irele gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ovie * Tolade Anibaba gẹ́gẹ́ bí Loveth * Bestman Thompson gẹ́gẹ́ bí Maye == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> [[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Àyọkà pẹ̀lú ìjúwe ṣókí]] twevl6rlta2mzidsz40b0li5i99iknb 0 84499 637192 2026-09-17T11:52:44Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368677549|Couple of Days]]" 637192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=Couple of Days|image=Couple of Days Poster.jpg|caption=|director=Tolu Lordtanner|producer=Ayo Orunmuyi|writer=|screenplay=Tolu Awobiyi|story=|based_on=|starring=[[Lilian Esoro]]<br>Adesua Etomi Wellington<br>Eyinna Nwigwe<br>Ademola Adedoyin<br>[[Kiki Omeili]]<br>Olayode Juliana<br>[[Falz]]|narrator=|music=|cinematography=|editing=Adekunle Bryan Oyetunde|studio=|distributor=FilmOne Production|released={{Film date|2016|02|05|df=yes}}|runtime=|country=Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria|language=English|budget=|gross=}}   '''"Couple of Days"''' jẹ́ fíìmù àwàdà onífẹ̀ẹ́ ti Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2016, èyí tí Tolu Lordtanner darí<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-01-11|title=Watch Adesua Etomi, Falz, Enyinna Nwigwe, Kiki Omeili in behind the scenes|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/couple-of-days-watch-adesua-etomi-falz-enyinna-nwigwe-kiki-omeili-in-behind-the/d212y52|access-date=2020-10-07|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}</ref> tí Ayo Orunmuyi sì ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. Fíìmù náà fọ́ àkọsílẹ̀ ìtajà ní àwọn sinimá nígbà tí wọ́n kọ́kọ́ gbé e jáde, níbi tí ó ti ní ìtajà tí ó ga jùlọ láàrin ọjọ́ kan ṣoṣo fún fíìmù Nollywood èyíkéyìí ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-02-26|title=Nigerians and Love! Couple Of Days movie smashes Nigeria box-office records|url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2016/02/nigerians-and-love-couple-of-days-movie.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=Linda Ikeji's Blog|language=en}}</ref>Àwọn òṣèré tí ó kópa nínú fíìmù náà ni Lilian Esoro, Adesua Etomi Wellington, Eyinna Nwigwe, Ademola Adedoyin, Kiki Omeili, Olayode Juliana àti Falz.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-01-08|title=7 Nollywood movies to anticipate in 2016|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/beyond-blood-couple-of-days-93-days-7-nollywood-movies-to-anticipate-in-2016/bgzbv2j|access-date=2020-10-07|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Wọ́n gbé fíìmù náà jáde ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Kejì ọdún 2016, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní hàn lórí Netflix ní ọdún 2019. == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Fíìmù náà sọ ìtàn àwọn tọkọtaya mẹ́ta tí wọ́n lọ sí ìrìn àjò ìfẹ́ àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bójú tó àwọn ohun tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìgbéyàwó àti àbájáde rẹ̀. == Àwọn òṣèré == * [[Adesua Etomi|Adesua Etomi-Wellington]] bi Nina * [[Enyinna Nwigwe]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Jude * [[Kiki Omeili]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Àwàdà * [[Okey Uzoeshi]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Dan * [[Lilian Esoro]] * Ademola Adedoyin * Falz == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} kb0pnnjtz4ykoaaaruscg9k86wswpiq 0 84500 637193 2026-09-17T11:53:59Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368677861|Elephant in the Room (2016 film)]]" 637193 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox film|name=Elephant in the Room|image=Elephant in the Room poster.jpg|alt=|caption=Theatrical release poster|director=Asurf Oluseyi|producer=RamseyFilms|screenplay=Patrick K. Nnamani|story=Zainab Sheriff|starring={{ubl|[[Ramsey Nouah]]|Zainab Sheriff}}|music=|cinematography=Austin Nwaolie|editing=Sholay AY-Orinde|studio=RamseyFilms <br> Zedzee Multimedia|distributor=|released={{Film date|2016|01|8|df=yes}}|runtime=108 minutes|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=₦10 million<ref>{{cite web | url=http://slconcordtimes.com/airtel-sponsors-60000-elephant-in-the-room-movie/ | title=Airtel sponsors $60,000 ‘Elephant in the Room’ movie | publisher=Concord Times | accessdate=5 February 2016}}</ref>|gross=}} '''''Erinmi Elephant in the Room''''' jẹ́ fíìmù eré ìfẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2016 tí Asurf Oluseyi darí, [[Ramsey Nouah]] àti Zainab Sheriff ló kópa nínú rẹ̀. Fíìmù náà, tí wọ́n yà ní [[Siẹrra Léònè|Sierra Leone]], ni wọ́n gbé jáde ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ oṣù kìíní ọdún 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thenet.ng/ramsey-nouahs-elephant-in-the-room-to-premiere-in-january-2016/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Ramsey Nouah’s ‘Elephant in the Room’ to premiere in January 2016|accessdate=5 February 2016|newspaper=[[The Netng|The NET]]}}</ref> == Àkótán == O sọ itan ti awoṣe ẹlẹwa kan, Carolina George ti o rii pe o nira lati gba iṣẹ kan lẹhin ti o pada si ile lati Yuroopu. Lẹhin ọpọlọpọ awọn igbiyanju ti ko ni eso, ode iṣẹ naa rii ararẹ ninu igbesi aye ọkunrin ọlọrọ ti o ti darugbo pẹlu igbesi aye wọn mejeeji yipada lẹhinna. == Àwọn òṣèré == * [[Ramsey Nouah]] bi Benjamin Bangura * Zainab Sheriff gẹ́gẹ́ bí Carolina George * Michael Bonny Bassey bi Benjamin Bangura Jr <ref>{{Citation|title=Elephant in the Room}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 5rdmq0i93n3gltfr7tamw4wetqckat2 0 84501 637194 2026-09-17T11:54:56Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368678404|The Eve (2018 film)]]" 637194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=The Eve|image=|director=Tosin Igho,|writer=Tunde Babalola<br>Tosin Igho|producer=[[Hauwa Allahbura]]<br>[[Femi Odugbemi]]|starring=[[Beverly Naya]]<br>[[Meg Otanwa]]<br>[[Ronke Oshodi Oke]]<br>[[Efa Iwara]]<br>[[Kunle Remi]]<br>[[John Okafor]]|cinematography=Tosin Igho|editing=Tosin Igho, Bryan Dike|music=Theophilus Magege|released={{Film date|2018}}|country=Nigeria|language=English}}   Fíìmù eré ìfẹ́ ará Nàìjíríà '''''The Eve''''' jẹ́ fíìmù eré ìfẹ́ ará Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2018 tí [[Tunde Babalola]], [[Tosin Igho]] àti Martin Adieze kọ. <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=2018-03-25|title=New movie 'The Eve' opens in cinemas March 30|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/03/new-movie-eve-opens-cinemas-march-30/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-07-19|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Hauwa Allahbura àti Femi Odugbemi ló ṣe é, lábẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ìṣelọ́pọ́ Cut24 Productions <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=2018-03-20|title=Mr Ibu, Ronke Oshodi, others thrill Nollywood fans in The Eve|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/262364-mr-ibu-ronke-oshodi-others-thrill-nollywood-fans-in-the-eve.html|access-date=2022-07-19|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=2018-04-11|title=This might be the most colourful Nollywood film you'll see in 2018|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-eve-this-might-be-the-most-colourful-nollywood-film-youll-see-in-2018/cwqgv7b|access-date=2022-07-19|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}</ref>, Tosin Igho, olùdarí fídíò orin kan tó ti ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú [[D'banj]], Terry G, Faze, Yung L, [[Aramide sarumoh|Aramide]] àti Sammie Okposo ló sì darí rẹ̀. The film stars [[Beverly Naya]], Meg Otanwa, [[Ronke Ojo|Ronke Oshodi]], Hauwa Allahbura, <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=2018-03-17|title=The Eve, new romantic movie goes to cinema|url=https://guardian.ng/art/the-eve-new-romantic-movie-goes-to-cinema/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-07-19|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Efa Iwara, Adeolu Adefarasin, [[Kunle Remi]], Mawuli Peter Gavor and [[John Okafor]] (Mr Ibu). <ref name=":0" /> == Àkótán == Funsho, ọ̀dọ́kùnrin kan tí ó fẹ́ fẹ́ Yewande—obìnrin tí ó ti pẹ́ tí ó sì ti nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí—bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ní ìfẹ́ sí obìnrin mìíràn tí ó fara hàn níbi ayẹyẹ àpọ́n rẹ̀. Àníyàn àti ìdààmú wáyé nítorí pé Funsho kò lè sẹ́ ìfẹ́ tí ń dàgbà sí i nínú ọkàn rẹ̀ fún obìnrin tuntun yìí. <ref name=":1" /> == Àwọn òṣèré == * Adeolu Adefarasin gẹ́gẹ́ bí Funsho * Hauwa Allahbura gẹ́gẹ́ bí Uwa * Jagila Donatus bi oluṣeto iṣẹlẹ * Femi Durojaiye gẹ́gẹ́ bí Baba Paul * Michael Unome Ejoor gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kayode * Sixtus Ezeh gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣètò ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ * Efa Iwara bi Ebere * [[Beverly Naya]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Yewande * Uche Nwaefuna gẹ́gẹ́ bí Bolanle * Uche Nwaezeapu gẹ́gẹ́ bí Rolex * [[Ronke Odusanya]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Aunty Keh * [[John Okafor]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ẹ̀gbọ́n Festus * [[Ronke Ojo|Ronke Oshodi Oke]] as Aunty Beatrice * Meg Otanwa gẹ́gẹ́ bí Alero * [[Kunle Remi]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Audu * Francis Sule gẹ́gẹ́ bí Spencer * [[Toni Tones]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ngozi Emeka * Nwogu Victory Emeka gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣètò ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ <ref>{{Citation|title=The Eve (2018) - IMDb}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":3" /> == Àwọn Àkòrí == Fíìmù náà jẹ́ eré ìfẹ́ tó ń ṣàwárí àwọn kókó pàtàkì, tó ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa àwọn ọ̀ràn bí ìgbéyàwó, ìgbéyàwó, ìbálòpọ̀, ìbálòpọ̀, ìbáṣepọ̀, ìrẹ́jẹ, àìgbéyàwó, àríyá, àti ìbálòpọ̀ pẹ̀lú ọkùnrin àti obìnrin. <ref name=":1" /> == Àfihàn àkọ́kọ́ == Fíìmù náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní [[Èkó|ìlú Èkó]], Nàìjíríà, ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù kẹta ọdún 2018 ní Day Dream Pool Club, Landmark Towers, Victoria Island . Wọ́n tún ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ ní gbogbo orílẹ̀-èdè ní ọjọ́ Easter, ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹta ọdún 2018. <ref name=":0" /> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == <references /> edqhyy12gugvqch0e6bv90l4f006wyg 0 84502 637195 2026-09-17T11:56:09Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368677718|Dead Serious (film)]]" 637195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=Dead Serious|image=Dead Serious film.jpg|caption=|director=[[Moses Inwang]]|producer=David Rukeme|writer=|starring={{plainlist| *[[Sharon Ooja]] *[[Mr Funny|Sabinus]] *[[Nkem Owoh]] *[[Lilian Afegbai]] *[[Deyemi Okanlawon]] }}|music=|cinematography=|editing=|studio={{Plainlist| *Fortress Studio *Filmrite Studios}}|distributor=Bluepictures Distributions|released={{Film date|2024|02|23|df=y}}|runtime=120 minutes|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=}}   '''''Dead Serious''''' jẹ́ fíìmù eré ìfẹ́ ará [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|Nàìjíríà]] tí wọ́n ṣe ní Showmax ti ọdún 2024, tí wọ́n tú jáde ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kejì ọdún 2024. Moses Inwang ló darí rẹ̀, David Rukeme ló sì ṣe é. It stars [[Sharon Ooja]], Emmanuel Chukwuemeka Ejekwu, [[Nkem Owoh]], [[Lilian Afegbai]], [[Deyemi Okanlawon]], Albert Oluwatoyin, Funky Mallam, Emem Inwang, Ryonne Razaq, and Lawal Nasiru. <ref name="Pulse Nigeria">{{Cite news|title=Moses Inwang teased Showmax debut for 'Dead Serious' and not cinema release|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/moses-inwang-teases-showmax-debut-for-dead-serious-and-not-cinema-release/3y10xrj|work=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|accessdate=13 February 2024|date=5 February 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=WATCH: Sharon Ooja, Sabinus star in romantic comedy 'Dead Serious'|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2024/01/23/watch-sharon-ooja-sabinus-star-in-romantic-comedy-dead-serious/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|work=[[P.M. News]]|accessdate=13 February 2024}}</ref> == Àkótán == Lẹ́yìn tí ó pàdánù olùfẹ́ ọkàn rẹ̀, ọ̀dọ́kùnrin kan ní ìbànújẹ́ jíjinlẹ̀, ó sì gbìyànjú ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà láti pa ara rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n kò ṣeé ṣe fún un. Fídíò yìí fi hàn bí ènìyàn ṣe lè ṣe ohunkóhun tàbí ṣe ìrúbọ nítorí ìfẹ́.. == Àwọn òṣèré == === Àkọ́kọ́ === * [[Sharon Ooja]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Amara * Sabinus gẹ́gẹ́ bí Johnny * [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Deremi * [[Nkem Owoh]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ọ̀gbẹ́ni Kalu * [[Lilian Afegbai]] * Albert Oluwatoyin Tomama as Vero * Funky Mallam * Emem Inwang * Ryonne Becky Razaq * Lawal Nasiru gẹ́gẹ́ bí Pato == Ìṣẹ̀dá == === Ti gba === Ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kejì ọdún 2024, akọ̀ròyìn fíìmù fún In Nollywood, Matilda Adegbola, sọ pé “Showmax ló ra fíìmù náà,” lẹ́yìn ìfìwéránṣẹ́ tí olùdarí fíìmù Moses Inwang kọ lórí Instagram pé ó fihàn pé fíìmù tí a ṣètò fún sínímà yóò di Showmax Original báyìí. <ref name="Pulse Nigeria" /> Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù kejì ọdún 2024, fíìmù náà ti wà nílẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ láti bẹ̀rẹ̀ lórí Showmax . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Sabinu, Sharon Ooja, Nasboi Others Star in New Movie 'Dead Serious'|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/sabinu-sharon-ooja-nasboi-others-star-in-new-movie-dead-serious/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=13 February 2024|date=10 February 2024}}</ref> == Ifihan akọkọ ati itusilẹ == Ní ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kìíní ọdún 2024, wọ́n gbé àwo ìtàgé tí wọ́n pè ní [[Sharon Ooja]], Sabinus, [[Nkem Owoh]], [[Lilian Afegbai]], [[Deyemi Okanlawon]], Warri Girl, Funky Mallam, Emem Inwang àti Ryonne Razaq jáde. <ref name="Pulse Nigeria" /> Wọ́n ti ṣètò pé kí fíìmù náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án oṣù kejì, ní gbogbo àwọn sinimá ní gbogbo orílẹ̀-èdè. <ref name="Pulse Nigeria" /> Ní ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án oṣù kejì ọdún 2024, Dead Serious ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ Showmax 2.0 tuntun. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Mirilla|first1=Dennis Da-ala|title=How the stars showed up to Showmax's 'Dead Serious' premiere|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/how-the-stars-showed-up-to-showmaxs-dead-serious-premiere/0h94n44|journal=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|accessdate=13 February 2024|language=en|date=13 February 2024}}</ref> Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kejì ọdún 2024, showmax gbé àtẹ̀jáde fíìmù náà jáde, wọ́n sì fún un ní fíìmù náà ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kejì ọdún 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Ononye|first1=Ifeoma|title=Dead Serious Now Streaming on Showmax|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/dead-serious-now-streaming-on-showmax/|place=Lagos, Nigeria|journal=[[New Telegraph]]|accessdate=25 February 2024|date=25 February 2024}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} g6evmxillx35jycv6qg6v1xlk7ghqu6 0 84503 637196 2026-09-17T11:57:41Z Bamjos 28839 O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362323097|Ghana Must Go (film)]]" 637196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=Ghana Must Go|image=Ghana Must Go Poster.jpg|alt=|caption=|director=[[Frank Rajah Arase]]|producer=[[Yvonne Okoro]]|starring={{unbulleted list|[[Yvonne Okoro]]|[[Blossom Chukwujekwu]]|[[Nkem Owoh]]}}|cinematography=|editing=|screenplay=|studio=Desamour Company|distributor=|released={{Film date|2016|6|4}}<small>Nigeria</small><ref name="first">{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/events/ghana-must-go-comedy-movie-featuring-nkem-owoh-blossom-chukwujekwu-yvonne-okoro-set-to-premiere-in-nigeria-id5109253.html |title=Comedy movie featuring Nkem Owoh, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Yvonne Okoro set to premiere in Nigeria |last=Adiele |first=Chinedu |authorlink=Pulse Nigeria |date=June 3, 2016}}</ref>|runtime=|country=Ghana <br> Nigeria|budget=|gross=}}   Fíìmù eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín '''''Ghana Must Go''''' jẹ́ fíìmù ìfẹ́ tí wọ́n ṣe ní Ghana àti Nàìjíríà lọ́dún 2016, tí [[Frank Rajah Arase]] darí. It stars [[Yvonne Okoro]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] and [[Nkem Owoh]] . Fíìmù kejì nìyí láti ilé-iṣẹ́ Desamour, láti ìgbà tí ''wọ́n ti ṣe àdéhùn'' . Wọ́n ṣe àfihàn fíìmù náà ní ìkọ̀kọ̀ ní Filmhouse Cinemas, Surulere ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2016. Fiimu naa sọ itan awọn ololufẹ meji ti wọn wa lati awọn orilẹ-ede oriṣiriṣi, ati awọn ipenija ti wọn koju—paapaa lati ọdọ awọn obi wọn—lẹyin ti wọn ṣafihan ero wọn lati ṣe igbeyawo. == Àwọn òṣèré == * [[Yvonne Okoro]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ama * [[Ik Ogbonna]] * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Chuks * [[Helen Paul]] * [[Ada Ameh]] * [[Nkem Owoh]] == Ìtàn ìtàn náà == Fiimu naa bẹrẹ pẹlu Chuks (Blossom Chukwujekwu), ọdọmọkunrin kan lati idile Naijiria ti ko ni ọrọ pupọ, ati Ama (Yvonne Okoro), ọdọmọbinrin kan lati idile ọlọrọ ni Ghana ti o n pada wa si ile lẹhin ti o pari ẹkọ rẹ ni London. Awọn mejeeji ti wa ninu ibatan ifẹ fun igba diẹ, ṣugbọn nigba ti wọn ṣafihan Chuks gẹgẹbi ọmọ Naijiria fun idile Ama, ibatan wọn wa ninu ewu nitori bi idile rẹ ṣe n wo awọn ọmọ Naijiria pẹlu ero ti ko dara tẹlẹ. Baba Ama, Kofi Adjorlolo, ni o binu julọ si ibatan yii, paapaa julọ nitori bi awọn alaṣẹ Naijiria ṣe mu ọrọ iṣẹlẹ "Ghana Must Go" ni ibẹrẹ awọn ọdun 1980. Nigba ti o mọ pe ọmọbinrin rẹ ti fẹ Chuks tẹlẹ, Kofi gbiyanju lati mu ọrọ naa ni ọna ti o dara julọ, ṣugbọn ipo naa buru si nigba ti ọmọkunrin rẹ ti o ni iwa ajeji, IK Ogbonna, lọ gbe idile Chuks—ti o ni Nkem Owoh, Helen Paul, ati Ada Ameh ninu—ni papa ọkọ ofurufu lẹhin ti Chuks pe wọn wa. Lẹhin ọpọlọpọ awọn iṣoro ti o waye nitori iyatọ ninu aṣa, ọrọ-aje, ati ẹya laarin awọn idile mejeeji, tọkọtaya naa nikẹhin tun ṣe ileri igbeyawo wọn ni Ghana pẹlu wiwa ati ibukun awọn obi wọn. == Àkókò ìgbalejò == Yvonne Chinyere Anoruo ti Olisa TV yin iṣe awọn ohun kikọ pataki ninu fiimu naa. Sibẹsibẹ, o ṣe akiyesi pe fiimu naa gbiyanju ni aṣiṣe lati fi Ghana han bi orilẹ-ede ti o ni idagbasoke ati oye ju Naijiria lọ. Nítorí náà, ó parí àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ nípa sísọ pé fíìmù náà “dáni lójú gan-an, ó sì ń fúnni ní ìmọ̀, kódà pẹ̀lú àwọn ìtàn tó wà nínú rẹ̀. Nítorí náà, dákẹ́ kúrò nínú àníyàn nípa ọrọ̀ ajé tó ń bàjẹ́ àti ìkùnà agbára tó burú jáì ní àwọn ọjọ́ àìpẹ́ yìí, kí o sì fi ọkàn rẹ balẹ̀.” <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=February 25, 2017}}</ref> Andrew Oke ti àtúnyẹ̀wò sinimá fún ìṣeré olórí ohun kikọ náà ní ìyìn, ṣùgbọ́n ó sọ pé wọn kò ṣe fíìmù náà dáadáa àti pé wọn kò ṣàkóso rẹ̀ dáadáa. Wọ́n fi fíìmù tí wọ́n ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ wé ìkòkò ọbẹ̀ kan tí gbogbo èròjà rẹ̀ wà nínú rẹ̀ ṣùgbọ́n tí kò dára nítorí pé kò fi ọwọ́ kan ògbógi. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=2022-04-06}}</ref> Chidumga Izuzu ti Pulse Nigeria ṣe àkópọ̀ àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ nípa sísọ pé fíìmù náà “jẹ́ fíìmù tí a ṣe dáadáa pẹ̀lú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ó máa ń múni rẹ́rìn-ín gan-an”. <ref>{{Cite web|archivedate=26 January 2017}}</ref> == Àwọn ìtọ́kasí == {{Reflist}} 53128dqs76t2125ibo5r00vvhfnjx4r